{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1889\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Museum+of+Fine+Arts","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1889\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Museum+of+Fine+Arts\u0026page=2","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1889\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Museum+of+Fine+Arts\u0026page=2"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":2,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":2,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":13,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_465#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_465#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection documents the life and work of Benjamin L. Wigfall, African American abstract expressionist artist. Benjamin L. Wigfall was the second African American artist to have a painting aquired by the VMFA, as well as the youngest ever artist to do the same. In addition to his work as an artist, Wigfall also taught and mentored in both Virginia at Hampton Institute, as well as New York at SUNY New Paltz and in his own community. Additionally, the collection contains documents related to the life and career of artist and educator, Mary Carter Wigfall, Benjamin L. Wigfall's wife. Mary C. Wigfall founded and directed the Migrant Childcare Center in New York from the early 1970s until her retirement in 1992.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_465#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMFA/repositories_2_resources_465.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.vmfa.museum/repositories/2/resources/465","title_filing_ssi":"Wigfall, Benjamin (VA-12)","title_ssm":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers"],"title_tesim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1880-2023"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1880-2023"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["VA-12","/repositories/2/resources/465"],"text":["VA-12","/repositories/2/resources/465","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers","Art, American","Art, American -- 20th century -- Virginia","Painting -- 20th century","Prints -- Technique","Woodcuts (prints).","Etchings (prints).","The collection is open for research.","The collection is organized into 10 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.","Series 1 Benjamin L. Wigfall, 1944-2023 Series 2 Mary Carter Wigfall, 1949-2017 Series 3 Wigfall Family Records, 1944-2014 Series 4 Communications Village, 1880-1980 Series 5 Watermark/Cargo Gallery, 1969-2004 Series 6 Migrant Children's Center, 1965-1999 Series 7 New York, 1917-2018 Series 8 Art and Printmaking, 1951-1993 Series 9 Photography Projects - Communications Village, 1970s-2000s Series 10 Other Artists and Friends, 1949-2020","Benjamin Leroy Wigfall was born on November 17th, 1930 in Richmond, VA to parents James Andrew and Willie Cogena Wigfall. Wigfall attended the segregated George Mason Elementary School in Richmond until 1944, and moved to Armstrong High School (also segregated) for his secondary education until 1948. Armstrong High School is where Wigfall began to grow artistically, with the help of his senior-year art teacher, Stafford W. Evans, who introduced him to the VMFA. After high school, Wigfall attended Hampton Institute (now University) in 1948, taking part of his first year for a medical leave of absence due to his epilepsy. ","After receiving his Bachelor in Art Education from Hampton Institute in 1953, Wigfall transferred to Yale University in order to continue his graduate studies in 1954. During this time, he also took another leave of absence to teach at Hampton Institute as an Art Educator. Wigfall re-entered Yale in 1958, and finished with his Master of Fine Arts from Yale University's Department of Design. ","Wigfall went on to found both Communications Village Ltd., a community arts center in Kingston, NY, and the Watermark/Cargo Gallery, a contemporary and African art gallery also in Kingston, New York.","The collection was donated by the artist's estate in December 2022. It was packed at Wigfall's home and studio in New Paltz, New York in September 2022.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","This photograph was printed in reverse - Wigfall was right-handed.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","From left-to-right: Edward Scott, Benjamin Wigfall, Larry Carpenter, Michael van Dyke.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","From left-to-right: Larry Carpenter, Mary Lou Morgan, Edward Scott.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Line 1: Martin Gordon, Kenny Howell, Ernest Frazier\nLine 2: Martin Gordon, Kenny Howell, Alfreda Drake, Sonia Easter, Ernest Frazier\nLines 3-4: Kingston Seventh Day Adventist Church","Line 2, left-to-right: Phyllis Barnes, Debbie Washington, Dawn Washington, Everett Winrow","In the center, Edward Scott and Val Hunt.","Yvonne Thomas Easter in long, dark, patterned dress surrounded by other unidentified individuals.","Annie Jackson is the only individual whose face can be seen in the photograph.","Joe Ramos on the left. Henry Raleigh in the center.","In striped shirt, Leroy Washington. In number 32 shirt, James Peeble's \"Little Bro.\" In plaid shirt, Dennis Washington.","Letter on Communcations Village letterhead. From Benjamin Wigfall, announcing and asking for participation in a community documentation project, made possible through CETA funding. Thanks Larry Kithcart and John Gilmore.","Poster for Community Work Sessions at Communications Village in Kingston, NY. Notes funding by the New York State Council on the Arts and CETA.","Poster for Community Work Sessions at Communications Village in Kingston, NY. Notes funding by the New York State Council on the Arts and CETA.","Poster for Community Work Sessions at Communications Village in Kingston, NY. Notes funding by the New York State Council on the Arts and CETA.","Poster for Community Work Sessions at Communications Village in Kingston, NY. Notes funding by the New York State Council on the Arts and CETA.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Negatives correspond to contact sheet.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","The back of the woodblock is metal.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Only two pages were digitized.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","This item has not been digitized.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","This item has not been digitized.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","This item has not been digitized.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","This item has not been digitized.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","\"Collection of the Artist\"","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","\"Mr. David Prescott, Yale University, New Haven\"","Stamped \"Art in America\"","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","\"Collection of the Artist\"","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","\"Collection Yale Print Collection, New Haven, Conn.\"","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","\"Collection Miss Jane Doggett - New Haven\"","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","This item was returned to the Archives on December 6, 2023.","This item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.","This item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.","This item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.","This item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.","This item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.","This item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.","This item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.","This item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.","This item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.","In 2021, the museum was awarded a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities to fund 9 months of work for a graduate level intern during the 2022-2023 academic year. From October 2022 to June 2023, Nuelle Johnson performed all of the processing, description, rehousing and select digitization for the collection.","Item-level cataloging completed by Nuelle Johnson will continue to be added and updated in ArchivesSpace by Archivist Emily Johnson.","The photo album was dismantled and items within it were placed in archival quality sleeves to better preserve them. The digital copy preserves the original order of the album.","VA12.08.7.008","VA12.08.1.008","VA12.08.1.008","2022.198","51.7.5","VA12.01.5.009","51.7.5","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.01.5.005","VA12.01.5.004","VA12.08.2.006","VA12.01.2.014","58.13.6","58.13.6","51.7.5","2022.201","VA12.01.8.011, VA12.01.8.012","VA12.03.2.001","VA12.03.2.001","VA12.01.8.001, VA12.01.8.012","VA12.01.8.001, VA12.01.8.011","VA12.3.2.002, VA12.3.2.004","VA12.03.2.001","VA12.03.2.001","VA12.04.4.007","VA12.04.4.006","VA12.04.4.010","VA12.04.4.009","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.04.6.012","VA12.04.8.001","VA12.04.7.001","2022.189","2022.190","2022.199, 2022.198","2022.201","2022.215, VA12.08.6.004","2022.222","2022.221","2022.220","2022.220","2022.198, VA12.08.1.003","2022.198, VA12.08.1.003","2022.198, VA12.08.1.003","2022.199, VA12.08.1.003","2022.226","2022.227","2022.224","2022.224","2022.201","The collection's inclusive dates are 1880-2023, with the bulk of the material dating from the 1940s-1970s. The collection is comprised of correspondence, ephemera, publications, prints, slides, woodblocks, metal plates, photographs, certificates, financial documents, and more related to the life and work of both Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary C. Wigfall.","This series is compromised of correspondence, clippings, photographs, magazines, art reproductions, and other material related to Wigfall's life, education, career, and family.","This sub-series is comprised of Benjamin L. Wigfall's biographical material such as resumes, certificates, photos, and other related materials.","This sub-series is comprised of materials related to Benjamin L. Wigfall's education from primary school to college such as correspondence, clippings, photographs, report cards, and more.","This sub-series is comprised of material primarily relating to Wigfall's teaching careers at Hampton Institute and SUNY New Paltz such as correspondence, clippings, photographs, and more.","This sub-series is comprised of material relating to the Wigfall Family preceding Benjamin L. Wigfall such as family reunion documents and more.","This sub-series is comprised of material relating to Wigfall's artistic career, such as exhibition ephemera, exhibition correspondence, magazines, photographs, and more.","This sub-series is comprised of material relating to awards and accolades recieved by Wigfall.","This sub-series contains material relating to Wigfall's death on February 9th, 2017, such as obituaries, funeral texts, articles, and funeral invitations.","This sub-series contains photographs of Benjamin L. Wigfall unrelated to other topics.","This series is comprised of correspondence, clippings, photographs, magazines, art reproductions, and other material related to Carter Wigfall's life, education, career, and family.","This series is comprised of clippings and other manuscripts related to the life of Mary Carter Wigfall.","This sub-series is comprised of materials related to Mary Carter Wigfall's education from primary school to college such as correspondence, clippings, photographs, report cards, and more.","This sub-series is comprised of material primarily relating to Mary Carter Wigfall's teaching and directorial career at both Maggie Walker High School as well as the Migrant Childcare Center such as correspondence, clippings, photographs, and more.","This sub-series is comprised of material relating to Mary Carter Wigfall's artistic career, sketches, drawings, and photographs of her weavings.","This sub-series contains photographs of Mary Carter Wigfall unrelated to other topics.","This sub-series is comprised of material relating to the Carter family preceding Mary Carter Wigfall such as family reunion documents and more.","This series is comprised of correspondence, photographs, family albums, books, and other material related to the joined Benjamin Wigfall and Mary Carter Wigfall family.","This sub-series contains manuscript material related to the immediate family of Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary Carter Wigfall.","This sub-series contains albums related to the immediate family of Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary Carter Wigfall.","This sub-series contains photographs related to the immediate family of Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary Carter Wigfall.","This sub-series contains financial documents related to the immediate family of Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary Carter Wigfall.","This series is comprised of correspondence, photographs, posters, newspaper clippings, ephemera, slides, negatives, and more related to the Communications Village organization.","This sub-series contains documents relating to the foundation of Communications Village Ltd., such as directorial information, staff information, proposals, and more.","This sub-series contains financial documents related to Communications Village, including grant proposals and applications, as well as donation requests, receipts, and more.","This sub-series contains newspaper and magazine articles written about Communications Village.","This sub-series contains materials related to workshops and exhibitions held with Communications Village, such as ephemera, press releases, photographs, and more.","This sub-series contains a series of transcribed oral interviews from Poughkeepsie, NY residents.","This sub-series contains documents and photographs related to the 1976 Intaglio Prints Editions exhibition in which 10 artists created intaglio prints for the students of Communications Village to reproduce for sale.","This sub-series contains posters created at Communications Village.","This sub-series contains material related to the building that housed Communications Village.","This series is comprised of correspondence, photographs, posters, newspaper clippings, ephemera, slides, negatives, and more related to the Watermark/Cargo Gallery.","This sub-series contains documents relating to the administrative work of Watermark/Cargo, such as directorial information, staff information, proposals, and more.","This sub-series contains ephemera related to exhibitions held at Watermark/Cargo.","This sub-series contains material such as resumes and articles collected by Wigfall relating to the exhibiting artists of Watermark/Cargo, as well as slides sent by the exhibiting artists for review.","This sub-series contains clippings and newspaper articles written about Watermark/Cargo.","This sub-series contains photographs of the Watermark/Cargo gallery and exhibitions.","This sub-series contains material such as postcards, articles, and other documents that could have inspired aspects of Watermark/Cargo Gallery.","This sub-series contains correspondence related to the Watermark/Cargo Gallery.","This sub-series contains records of art dealings done with the Watermark/Cargo Gallery.","This series is comprised of correspondence, photographs, lesson plans, newspaper clippings, ephemera, slides, negatives, and more related to the Migrant Children's Center.","This series contains documents related to the founding and planning of the Migrant Childcare Center, directed by Mary Carter Wigfall.","This sub-series contains financial documents related to the Migrant Children's Center, including grant proposals and applications, as well as donation requests.","This sub-series contains photographs of the children and staff of the Migrant Children's Center.","This sub-series contains ephemera related to the summer programs run by Mary Carter Wigfall through the Migrant Children's Center in her own home at New Paltz, NY.","This sub-series contains art projects created by the students and staff of the Migrant Children's Center.","This sub-series contains articles written about the Migrant Children's Center.","This series is comprised of photographs, slides, negatives, newspaper clippings, correspondence, posters, and more related to Wigfall's communities in New York.","This sub-series contains material collected by Wigfall related to the history and landscape of the Poughkeepsie/Kingston areas of New York.","This sub-series contains articles, posters, photographs, and more related to the SCORE organization, also known as the Strand Community Organization for the Rehabilitation of the Environment.","This sub-series contains photographs, slides, and negatives of community residents around Wigfall's home in New York.","This series consists of etching plates, carved printing blocks, particle board, audio tapes, records, CD's, photographs, slides, negatives, and more materials related to the art and printmaking of Benjamin L. Wigfall and other related artists.","This sub-series contains printing plates and blocks created by Benjamin L. Wigfall.","This sub-series contains preliminary artwork created by Benjamin L. Wigfall such as loose sketches, sketchbooks, and more.","This sub-series contains four cut-outs related to Wigfall's \"Jumprope Girl\" and \"Composition\" (1952-1954) prints.","This sub-series contains printing plates and blocks created by artists around and related to Benjamin L. Wigfall.","This sub-series contains prints created by young artists around and related to Benjamin L. Wigfall.","This sub-series contains slides and negatives of Benjamin L. Wigfall's artwork.","This sub-series contains photographs and reproductions of Benjamin L. Wigfall's artwork.","This sub-series contains audio and visual material related to Benjamin L. Wigfall and his life.","This series contains photographs and metal plates related to respective photography projects.","This sub-series contains photographs taken of African American women in Ulster County, NY.","This sub-series contains photographs and metal plates of Benjamin L. Wigfall and Patricia Jow Kagemoto in themed Western attire.","This series is comprised of correspondence, photographs, slides, negatives, newspaper clippings, ephemera, and more related to other artists and friends around Benjamin L. Wigfall.","This sub-series contains correspondence between Wigfall and other artists and friends in his life.","This sub-series contains ephemera of other artist's exhibitions that Benjamin L. Wigfall was presumably invited to attend.","This sub-series is comprised of photographs of other artists' artwork.","This sub-series is comprised of photographs and slides of other artists and friends in Wigfall's life.","This sub-series contains articles written about other artists and friends within Wigfalls life.","This sub-series contains material related to Thomas Cannon such as articles, correspondence, and more.","This sub-series contains material related to Yale Epstien such as articles, correspondence, and more.","This sub-series contains material related to Ernest Frazier such as articles, correspondence, and more.","This sub-series contains material related to Richard Frumess such as articles, correspondence, and more.","This sub-series contains material related to Patricia Jow Kagemoto such as articles, correspondence, and more.","The collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a  Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License .","Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","No Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","No Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","No Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","No Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","No Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","No Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Pat Jow Kagemoto.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Pat Jow Kagemoto.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Pat Jow Kagemoto.","No Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Pat Jow Kagemoto.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Pat Jow Kagemoto.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Pat Jow Kagemoto.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Pat Jow Kagemoto.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Pat Jow Kagemoto.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Pat Jow Kagemoto.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Pat Jow Kagemoto.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Pat Jow Kagemoto.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","The collection documents the life and work of Benjamin L. Wigfall, African American abstract expressionist artist. Benjamin L. Wigfall was the second African American artist to have a painting aquired by the VMFA, as well as the youngest ever artist to do the same. In addition to his work as an artist, Wigfall also taught and mentored in both Virginia at Hampton Institute, as well as New York at SUNY New Paltz and in his own community. Additionally, the collection contains documents related to the life and career of artist and educator, Mary Carter Wigfall, Benjamin L. Wigfall's wife. Mary C. Wigfall founded and directed the Migrant Childcare Center in New York from the early 1970s until her retirement in 1992.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["VA-12","/repositories/2/resources/465"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"creator_ssm":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020"],"creator_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020"],"creators_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020"],"access_terms_ssm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a  Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License .","Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Art, American","Art, American -- 20th century -- Virginia","Painting -- 20th century","Prints -- Technique","Woodcuts (prints).","Etchings (prints)."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Art, American","Art, American -- 20th century -- Virginia","Painting -- 20th century","Prints -- Technique","Woodcuts (prints).","Etchings (prints)."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["21.875 Linear Feet 50 boxes; 63 folders"],"extent_tesim":["21.875 Linear Feet 50 boxes; 63 folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Woodcuts (prints).","Etchings (prints)."],"date_range_isim":[1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into 10 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 1\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall, 1944-2023\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 2\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMary Carter Wigfall, 1949-2017\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 3\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWigfall Family Records, 1944-2014\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 4\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eCommunications Village, 1880-1980\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 5\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWatermark/Cargo Gallery, 1969-2004\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 6\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMigrant Children's Center, 1965-1999\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 7\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eNew York, 1917-2018\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 8\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eArt and Printmaking, 1951-1993\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 9\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003ePhotography Projects - Communications Village, 1970s-2000s\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 10\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eOther Artists and Friends, 1949-2020\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into 10 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.","Series 1 Benjamin L. Wigfall, 1944-2023 Series 2 Mary Carter Wigfall, 1949-2017 Series 3 Wigfall Family Records, 1944-2014 Series 4 Communications Village, 1880-1980 Series 5 Watermark/Cargo Gallery, 1969-2004 Series 6 Migrant Children's Center, 1965-1999 Series 7 New York, 1917-2018 Series 8 Art and Printmaking, 1951-1993 Series 9 Photography Projects - Communications Village, 1970s-2000s Series 10 Other Artists and Friends, 1949-2020"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBenjamin Leroy Wigfall was born on November 17th, 1930 in Richmond, VA to parents James Andrew and Willie Cogena Wigfall. Wigfall attended the segregated George Mason Elementary School in Richmond until 1944, and moved to Armstrong High School (also segregated) for his secondary education until 1948. Armstrong High School is where Wigfall began to grow artistically, with the help of his senior-year art teacher, Stafford W. Evans, who introduced him to the VMFA. After high school, Wigfall attended Hampton Institute (now University) in 1948, taking part of his first year for a medical leave of absence due to his epilepsy. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter receiving his Bachelor in Art Education from Hampton Institute in 1953, Wigfall transferred to Yale University in order to continue his graduate studies in 1954. During this time, he also took another leave of absence to teach at Hampton Institute as an Art Educator. Wigfall re-entered Yale in 1958, and finished with his Master of Fine Arts from Yale University's Department of Design. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWigfall went on to found both Communications Village Ltd., a community arts center in Kingston, NY, and the Watermark/Cargo Gallery, a contemporary and African art gallery also in Kingston, New York.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Benjamin Leroy Wigfall was born on November 17th, 1930 in Richmond, VA to parents James Andrew and Willie Cogena Wigfall. Wigfall attended the segregated George Mason Elementary School in Richmond until 1944, and moved to Armstrong High School (also segregated) for his secondary education until 1948. Armstrong High School is where Wigfall began to grow artistically, with the help of his senior-year art teacher, Stafford W. Evans, who introduced him to the VMFA. After high school, Wigfall attended Hampton Institute (now University) in 1948, taking part of his first year for a medical leave of absence due to his epilepsy. ","After receiving his Bachelor in Art Education from Hampton Institute in 1953, Wigfall transferred to Yale University in order to continue his graduate studies in 1954. During this time, he also took another leave of absence to teach at Hampton Institute as an Art Educator. Wigfall re-entered Yale in 1958, and finished with his Master of Fine Arts from Yale University's Department of Design. ","Wigfall went on to found both Communications Village Ltd., a community arts center in Kingston, NY, and the Watermark/Cargo Gallery, a contemporary and African art gallery also in Kingston, New York."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was donated by the artist's estate in December 2022. It was packed at Wigfall's home and studio in New Paltz, New York in September 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["The collection was donated by the artist's estate in December 2022. 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Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","From left-to-right: Edward Scott, Benjamin Wigfall, Larry Carpenter, Michael van Dyke.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","From left-to-right: Larry Carpenter, Mary Lou Morgan, Edward Scott.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Line 1: Martin Gordon, Kenny Howell, Ernest Frazier\nLine 2: Martin Gordon, Kenny Howell, Alfreda Drake, Sonia Easter, Ernest Frazier\nLines 3-4: Kingston Seventh Day Adventist Church","Line 2, left-to-right: Phyllis Barnes, Debbie Washington, Dawn Washington, Everett Winrow","In the center, Edward Scott and Val Hunt.","Yvonne Thomas Easter in long, dark, patterned dress surrounded by other unidentified individuals.","Annie Jackson is the only individual whose face can be seen in the photograph.","Joe Ramos on the left. Henry Raleigh in the center.","In striped shirt, Leroy Washington. In number 32 shirt, James Peeble's \"Little Bro.\" In plaid shirt, Dennis Washington.","Letter on Communcations Village letterhead. From Benjamin Wigfall, announcing and asking for participation in a community documentation project, made possible through CETA funding. Thanks Larry Kithcart and John Gilmore.","Poster for Community Work Sessions at Communications Village in Kingston, NY. Notes funding by the New York State Council on the Arts and CETA.","Poster for Community Work Sessions at Communications Village in Kingston, NY. Notes funding by the New York State Council on the Arts and CETA.","Poster for Community Work Sessions at Communications Village in Kingston, NY. Notes funding by the New York State Council on the Arts and CETA.","Poster for Community Work Sessions at Communications Village in Kingston, NY. 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Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities."],"originalsloc_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis item was returned to the Archives on December 6, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"originalsloc_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals"],"originalsloc_tesim":["This item was returned to the Archives on December 6, 2023.","This item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.","This item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.","This item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.","This item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.","This item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.","This item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.","This item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.","This item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.","This item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 2021, the museum was awarded a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities to fund 9 months of work for a graduate level intern during the 2022-2023 academic year. From October 2022 to June 2023, Nuelle Johnson performed all of the processing, description, rehousing and select digitization for the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItem-level cataloging completed by Nuelle Johnson will continue to be added and updated in ArchivesSpace by Archivist Emily Johnson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe photo album was dismantled and items within it were placed in archival quality sleeves to better preserve them. The digital copy preserves the original order of the album.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information","Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["In 2021, the museum was awarded a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities to fund 9 months of work for a graduate level intern during the 2022-2023 academic year. From October 2022 to June 2023, Nuelle Johnson performed all of the processing, description, rehousing and select digitization for the collection.","Item-level cataloging completed by Nuelle Johnson will continue to be added and updated in ArchivesSpace by Archivist Emily Johnson.","The photo album was dismantled and items within it were placed in archival quality sleeves to better preserve them. The digital copy preserves the original order of the album."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVA12.08.7.008\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.08.1.008\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.08.1.008\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.198\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e51.7.5\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.01.5.009\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e51.7.5\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.04.6.001\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.01.5.005\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.01.5.004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.08.2.006\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.01.2.014\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e58.13.6\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e58.13.6\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e51.7.5\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.201\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.01.8.011, VA12.01.8.012\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.03.2.001\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.03.2.001\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.01.8.001, VA12.01.8.012\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.01.8.001, VA12.01.8.011\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.3.2.002, VA12.3.2.004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.03.2.001\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.03.2.001\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.04.4.007\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.04.4.006\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.04.4.010\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.04.4.009\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.04.6.001\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.04.6.001\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.04.6.001\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.04.6.001\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.04.6.001\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.04.6.001\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.04.6.001\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.04.6.001\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.04.6.001\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.04.6.012\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.04.8.001\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.04.7.001\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.189\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.190\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.199, 2022.198\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.201\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.215, VA12.08.6.004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.222\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.221\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.220\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.220\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.198, VA12.08.1.003\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.198, VA12.08.1.003\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.198, VA12.08.1.003\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.199, VA12.08.1.003\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.226\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.227\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.224\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.224\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.201\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["VA12.08.7.008","VA12.08.1.008","VA12.08.1.008","2022.198","51.7.5","VA12.01.5.009","51.7.5","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.01.5.005","VA12.01.5.004","VA12.08.2.006","VA12.01.2.014","58.13.6","58.13.6","51.7.5","2022.201","VA12.01.8.011, VA12.01.8.012","VA12.03.2.001","VA12.03.2.001","VA12.01.8.001, VA12.01.8.012","VA12.01.8.001, VA12.01.8.011","VA12.3.2.002, VA12.3.2.004","VA12.03.2.001","VA12.03.2.001","VA12.04.4.007","VA12.04.4.006","VA12.04.4.010","VA12.04.4.009","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.04.6.012","VA12.04.8.001","VA12.04.7.001","2022.189","2022.190","2022.199, 2022.198","2022.201","2022.215, VA12.08.6.004","2022.222","2022.221","2022.220","2022.220","2022.198, VA12.08.1.003","2022.198, VA12.08.1.003","2022.198, VA12.08.1.003","2022.199, VA12.08.1.003","2022.226","2022.227","2022.224","2022.224","2022.201"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection's inclusive dates are 1880-2023, with the bulk of the material dating from the 1940s-1970s. The collection is comprised of correspondence, ephemera, publications, prints, slides, woodblocks, metal plates, photographs, certificates, financial documents, and more related to the life and work of both Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary C. Wigfall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is compromised of correspondence, clippings, photographs, magazines, art reproductions, and other material related to Wigfall's life, education, career, and family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series is comprised of Benjamin L. Wigfall's biographical material such as resumes, certificates, photos, and other related materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series is comprised of materials related to Benjamin L. Wigfall's education from primary school to college such as correspondence, clippings, photographs, report cards, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series is comprised of material primarily relating to Wigfall's teaching careers at Hampton Institute and SUNY New Paltz such as correspondence, clippings, photographs, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series is comprised of material relating to the Wigfall Family preceding Benjamin L. Wigfall such as family reunion documents and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series is comprised of material relating to Wigfall's artistic career, such as exhibition ephemera, exhibition correspondence, magazines, photographs, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series is comprised of material relating to awards and accolades recieved by Wigfall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains material relating to Wigfall's death on February 9th, 2017, such as obituaries, funeral texts, articles, and funeral invitations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains photographs of Benjamin L. Wigfall unrelated to other topics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is comprised of correspondence, clippings, photographs, magazines, art reproductions, and other material related to Carter Wigfall's life, education, career, and family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is comprised of clippings and other manuscripts related to the life of Mary Carter Wigfall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series is comprised of materials related to Mary Carter Wigfall's education from primary school to college such as correspondence, clippings, photographs, report cards, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series is comprised of material primarily relating to Mary Carter Wigfall's teaching and directorial career at both Maggie Walker High School as well as the Migrant Childcare Center such as correspondence, clippings, photographs, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series is comprised of material relating to Mary Carter Wigfall's artistic career, sketches, drawings, and photographs of her weavings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains photographs of Mary Carter Wigfall unrelated to other topics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series is comprised of material relating to the Carter family preceding Mary Carter Wigfall such as family reunion documents and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is comprised of correspondence, photographs, family albums, books, and other material related to the joined Benjamin Wigfall and Mary Carter Wigfall family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains manuscript material related to the immediate family of Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary Carter Wigfall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains albums related to the immediate family of Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary Carter Wigfall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains photographs related to the immediate family of Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary Carter Wigfall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains financial documents related to the immediate family of Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary Carter Wigfall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is comprised of correspondence, photographs, posters, newspaper clippings, ephemera, slides, negatives, and more related to the Communications Village organization.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains documents relating to the foundation of Communications Village Ltd., such as directorial information, staff information, proposals, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains financial documents related to Communications Village, including grant proposals and applications, as well as donation requests, receipts, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains newspaper and magazine articles written about Communications Village.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains materials related to workshops and exhibitions held with Communications Village, such as ephemera, press releases, photographs, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains a series of transcribed oral interviews from Poughkeepsie, NY residents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains documents and photographs related to the 1976 Intaglio Prints Editions exhibition in which 10 artists created intaglio prints for the students of Communications Village to reproduce for sale.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains posters created at Communications Village.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains material related to the building that housed Communications Village.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is comprised of correspondence, photographs, posters, newspaper clippings, ephemera, slides, negatives, and more related to the Watermark/Cargo Gallery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains documents relating to the administrative work of Watermark/Cargo, such as directorial information, staff information, proposals, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains ephemera related to exhibitions held at Watermark/Cargo.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains material such as resumes and articles collected by Wigfall relating to the exhibiting artists of Watermark/Cargo, as well as slides sent by the exhibiting artists for review.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains clippings and newspaper articles written about Watermark/Cargo.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains photographs of the Watermark/Cargo gallery and exhibitions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains material such as postcards, articles, and other documents that could have inspired aspects of Watermark/Cargo Gallery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains correspondence related to the Watermark/Cargo Gallery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains records of art dealings done with the Watermark/Cargo Gallery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is comprised of correspondence, photographs, lesson plans, newspaper clippings, ephemera, slides, negatives, and more related to the Migrant Children's Center.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains documents related to the founding and planning of the Migrant Childcare Center, directed by Mary Carter Wigfall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains financial documents related to the Migrant Children's Center, including grant proposals and applications, as well as donation requests.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains photographs of the children and staff of the Migrant Children's Center.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains ephemera related to the summer programs run by Mary Carter Wigfall through the Migrant Children's Center in her own home at New Paltz, NY.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains art projects created by the students and staff of the Migrant Children's Center.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains articles written about the Migrant Children's Center.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is comprised of photographs, slides, negatives, newspaper clippings, correspondence, posters, and more related to Wigfall's communities in New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains material collected by Wigfall related to the history and landscape of the Poughkeepsie/Kingston areas of New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains articles, posters, photographs, and more related to the SCORE organization, also known as the Strand Community Organization for the Rehabilitation of the Environment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains photographs, slides, and negatives of community residents around Wigfall's home in New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of etching plates, carved printing blocks, particle board, audio tapes, records, CD's, photographs, slides, negatives, and more materials related to the art and printmaking of Benjamin L. Wigfall and other related artists.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains printing plates and blocks created by Benjamin L. Wigfall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains preliminary artwork created by Benjamin L. Wigfall such as loose sketches, sketchbooks, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains four cut-outs related to Wigfall's \"Jumprope Girl\" and \"Composition\" (1952-1954) prints.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains printing plates and blocks created by artists around and related to Benjamin L. Wigfall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains prints created by young artists around and related to Benjamin L. Wigfall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains slides and negatives of Benjamin L. Wigfall's artwork.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains photographs and reproductions of Benjamin L. Wigfall's artwork.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains audio and visual material related to Benjamin L. Wigfall and his life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains photographs and metal plates related to respective photography projects.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains photographs taken of African American women in Ulster County, NY.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains photographs and metal plates of Benjamin L. Wigfall and Patricia Jow Kagemoto in themed Western attire.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is comprised of correspondence, photographs, slides, negatives, newspaper clippings, ephemera, and more related to other artists and friends around Benjamin L. Wigfall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains correspondence between Wigfall and other artists and friends in his life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains ephemera of other artist's exhibitions that Benjamin L. Wigfall was presumably invited to attend.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series is comprised of photographs of other artists' artwork.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series is comprised of photographs and slides of other artists and friends in Wigfall's life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains articles written about other artists and friends within Wigfalls life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains material related to Thomas Cannon such as articles, correspondence, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains material related to Yale Epstien such as articles, correspondence, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains material related to Ernest Frazier such as articles, correspondence, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains material related to Richard Frumess such as articles, correspondence, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains material related to Patricia Jow Kagemoto such as articles, correspondence, and more.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection's inclusive dates are 1880-2023, with the bulk of the material dating from the 1940s-1970s. The collection is comprised of correspondence, ephemera, publications, prints, slides, woodblocks, metal plates, photographs, certificates, financial documents, and more related to the life and work of both Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary C. Wigfall.","This series is compromised of correspondence, clippings, photographs, magazines, art reproductions, and other material related to Wigfall's life, education, career, and family.","This sub-series is comprised of Benjamin L. Wigfall's biographical material such as resumes, certificates, photos, and other related materials.","This sub-series is comprised of materials related to Benjamin L. Wigfall's education from primary school to college such as correspondence, clippings, photographs, report cards, and more.","This sub-series is comprised of material primarily relating to Wigfall's teaching careers at Hampton Institute and SUNY New Paltz such as correspondence, clippings, photographs, and more.","This sub-series is comprised of material relating to the Wigfall Family preceding Benjamin L. Wigfall such as family reunion documents and more.","This sub-series is comprised of material relating to Wigfall's artistic career, such as exhibition ephemera, exhibition correspondence, magazines, photographs, and more.","This sub-series is comprised of material relating to awards and accolades recieved by Wigfall.","This sub-series contains material relating to Wigfall's death on February 9th, 2017, such as obituaries, funeral texts, articles, and funeral invitations.","This sub-series contains photographs of Benjamin L. Wigfall unrelated to other topics.","This series is comprised of correspondence, clippings, photographs, magazines, art reproductions, and other material related to Carter Wigfall's life, education, career, and family.","This series is comprised of clippings and other manuscripts related to the life of Mary Carter Wigfall.","This sub-series is comprised of materials related to Mary Carter Wigfall's education from primary school to college such as correspondence, clippings, photographs, report cards, and more.","This sub-series is comprised of material primarily relating to Mary Carter Wigfall's teaching and directorial career at both Maggie Walker High School as well as the Migrant Childcare Center such as correspondence, clippings, photographs, and more.","This sub-series is comprised of material relating to Mary Carter Wigfall's artistic career, sketches, drawings, and photographs of her weavings.","This sub-series contains photographs of Mary Carter Wigfall unrelated to other topics.","This sub-series is comprised of material relating to the Carter family preceding Mary Carter Wigfall such as family reunion documents and more.","This series is comprised of correspondence, photographs, family albums, books, and other material related to the joined Benjamin Wigfall and Mary Carter Wigfall family.","This sub-series contains manuscript material related to the immediate family of Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary Carter Wigfall.","This sub-series contains albums related to the immediate family of Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary Carter Wigfall.","This sub-series contains photographs related to the immediate family of Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary Carter Wigfall.","This sub-series contains financial documents related to the immediate family of Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary Carter Wigfall.","This series is comprised of correspondence, photographs, posters, newspaper clippings, ephemera, slides, negatives, and more related to the Communications Village organization.","This sub-series contains documents relating to the foundation of Communications Village Ltd., such as directorial information, staff information, proposals, and more.","This sub-series contains financial documents related to Communications Village, including grant proposals and applications, as well as donation requests, receipts, and more.","This sub-series contains newspaper and magazine articles written about Communications Village.","This sub-series contains materials related to workshops and exhibitions held with Communications Village, such as ephemera, press releases, photographs, and more.","This sub-series contains a series of transcribed oral interviews from Poughkeepsie, NY residents.","This sub-series contains documents and photographs related to the 1976 Intaglio Prints Editions exhibition in which 10 artists created intaglio prints for the students of Communications Village to reproduce for sale.","This sub-series contains posters created at Communications Village.","This sub-series contains material related to the building that housed Communications Village.","This series is comprised of correspondence, photographs, posters, newspaper clippings, ephemera, slides, negatives, and more related to the Watermark/Cargo Gallery.","This sub-series contains documents relating to the administrative work of Watermark/Cargo, such as directorial information, staff information, proposals, and more.","This sub-series contains ephemera related to exhibitions held at Watermark/Cargo.","This sub-series contains material such as resumes and articles collected by Wigfall relating to the exhibiting artists of Watermark/Cargo, as well as slides sent by the exhibiting artists for review.","This sub-series contains clippings and newspaper articles written about Watermark/Cargo.","This sub-series contains photographs of the Watermark/Cargo gallery and exhibitions.","This sub-series contains material such as postcards, articles, and other documents that could have inspired aspects of Watermark/Cargo Gallery.","This sub-series contains correspondence related to the Watermark/Cargo Gallery.","This sub-series contains records of art dealings done with the Watermark/Cargo Gallery.","This series is comprised of correspondence, photographs, lesson plans, newspaper clippings, ephemera, slides, negatives, and more related to the Migrant Children's Center.","This series contains documents related to the founding and planning of the Migrant Childcare Center, directed by Mary Carter Wigfall.","This sub-series contains financial documents related to the Migrant Children's Center, including grant proposals and applications, as well as donation requests.","This sub-series contains photographs of the children and staff of the Migrant Children's Center.","This sub-series contains ephemera related to the summer programs run by Mary Carter Wigfall through the Migrant Children's Center in her own home at New Paltz, NY.","This sub-series contains art projects created by the students and staff of the Migrant Children's Center.","This sub-series contains articles written about the Migrant Children's Center.","This series is comprised of photographs, slides, negatives, newspaper clippings, correspondence, posters, and more related to Wigfall's communities in New York.","This sub-series contains material collected by Wigfall related to the history and landscape of the Poughkeepsie/Kingston areas of New York.","This sub-series contains articles, posters, photographs, and more related to the SCORE organization, also known as the Strand Community Organization for the Rehabilitation of the Environment.","This sub-series contains photographs, slides, and negatives of community residents around Wigfall's home in New York.","This series consists of etching plates, carved printing blocks, particle board, audio tapes, records, CD's, photographs, slides, negatives, and more materials related to the art and printmaking of Benjamin L. Wigfall and other related artists.","This sub-series contains printing plates and blocks created by Benjamin L. Wigfall.","This sub-series contains preliminary artwork created by Benjamin L. Wigfall such as loose sketches, sketchbooks, and more.","This sub-series contains four cut-outs related to Wigfall's \"Jumprope Girl\" and \"Composition\" (1952-1954) prints.","This sub-series contains printing plates and blocks created by artists around and related to Benjamin L. Wigfall.","This sub-series contains prints created by young artists around and related to Benjamin L. Wigfall.","This sub-series contains slides and negatives of Benjamin L. Wigfall's artwork.","This sub-series contains photographs and reproductions of Benjamin L. Wigfall's artwork.","This sub-series contains audio and visual material related to Benjamin L. Wigfall and his life.","This series contains photographs and metal plates related to respective photography projects.","This sub-series contains photographs taken of African American women in Ulster County, NY.","This sub-series contains photographs and metal plates of Benjamin L. Wigfall and Patricia Jow Kagemoto in themed Western attire.","This series is comprised of correspondence, photographs, slides, negatives, newspaper clippings, ephemera, and more related to other artists and friends around Benjamin L. Wigfall.","This sub-series contains correspondence between Wigfall and other artists and friends in his life.","This sub-series contains ephemera of other artist's exhibitions that Benjamin L. Wigfall was presumably invited to attend.","This sub-series is comprised of photographs of other artists' artwork.","This sub-series is comprised of photographs and slides of other artists and friends in Wigfall's life.","This sub-series contains articles written about other artists and friends within Wigfalls life.","This sub-series contains material related to Thomas Cannon such as articles, correspondence, and more.","This sub-series contains material related to Yale Epstien such as articles, correspondence, and more.","This sub-series contains material related to Ernest Frazier such as articles, correspondence, and more.","This sub-series contains material related to Richard Frumess such as articles, correspondence, and more.","This sub-series contains material related to Patricia Jow Kagemoto such as articles, correspondence, and more."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/\"\u003eCreative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTransmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNo Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNo Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNo Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. 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VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNo Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. 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VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","No Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Pat Jow Kagemoto.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Pat Jow Kagemoto.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Pat Jow Kagemoto.","No Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Pat Jow Kagemoto.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Pat Jow Kagemoto.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Pat Jow Kagemoto.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Pat Jow Kagemoto.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Pat Jow Kagemoto.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Pat Jow Kagemoto.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Pat Jow Kagemoto.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Pat Jow Kagemoto.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4aa27f66a6c0c2bf8444280ed5caacf4\"\u003eThe collection documents the life and work of Benjamin L. Wigfall, African American abstract expressionist artist. Benjamin L. Wigfall was the second African American artist to have a painting aquired by the VMFA, as well as the youngest ever artist to do the same. In addition to his work as an artist, Wigfall also taught and mentored in both Virginia at Hampton Institute, as well as New York at SUNY New Paltz and in his own community. Additionally, the collection contains documents related to the life and career of artist and educator, Mary Carter Wigfall, Benjamin L. Wigfall's wife. Mary C. Wigfall founded and directed the Migrant Childcare Center in New York from the early 1970s until her retirement in 1992.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection documents the life and work of Benjamin L. Wigfall, African American abstract expressionist artist. Benjamin L. Wigfall was the second African American artist to have a painting aquired by the VMFA, as well as the youngest ever artist to do the same. In addition to his work as an artist, Wigfall also taught and mentored in both Virginia at Hampton Institute, as well as New York at SUNY New Paltz and in his own community. Additionally, the collection contains documents related to the life and career of artist and educator, Mary Carter Wigfall, Benjamin L. Wigfall's wife. Mary C. Wigfall founded and directed the Migrant Childcare Center in New York from the early 1970s until her retirement in 1992."],"names_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970."],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"names_coll_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020"],"persname_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":397,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:56:50.129Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMFA/repositories_2_resources_465.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.vmfa.museum/repositories/2/resources/465","title_filing_ssi":"Wigfall, Benjamin (VA-12)","title_ssm":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers"],"title_tesim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1880-2023"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1880-2023"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["VA-12","/repositories/2/resources/465"],"text":["VA-12","/repositories/2/resources/465","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers","Art, American","Art, American -- 20th century -- Virginia","Painting -- 20th century","Prints -- Technique","Woodcuts (prints).","Etchings (prints).","The collection is open for research.","The collection is organized into 10 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.","Series 1 Benjamin L. Wigfall, 1944-2023 Series 2 Mary Carter Wigfall, 1949-2017 Series 3 Wigfall Family Records, 1944-2014 Series 4 Communications Village, 1880-1980 Series 5 Watermark/Cargo Gallery, 1969-2004 Series 6 Migrant Children's Center, 1965-1999 Series 7 New York, 1917-2018 Series 8 Art and Printmaking, 1951-1993 Series 9 Photography Projects - Communications Village, 1970s-2000s Series 10 Other Artists and Friends, 1949-2020","Benjamin Leroy Wigfall was born on November 17th, 1930 in Richmond, VA to parents James Andrew and Willie Cogena Wigfall. Wigfall attended the segregated George Mason Elementary School in Richmond until 1944, and moved to Armstrong High School (also segregated) for his secondary education until 1948. Armstrong High School is where Wigfall began to grow artistically, with the help of his senior-year art teacher, Stafford W. Evans, who introduced him to the VMFA. After high school, Wigfall attended Hampton Institute (now University) in 1948, taking part of his first year for a medical leave of absence due to his epilepsy. ","After receiving his Bachelor in Art Education from Hampton Institute in 1953, Wigfall transferred to Yale University in order to continue his graduate studies in 1954. During this time, he also took another leave of absence to teach at Hampton Institute as an Art Educator. Wigfall re-entered Yale in 1958, and finished with his Master of Fine Arts from Yale University's Department of Design. ","Wigfall went on to found both Communications Village Ltd., a community arts center in Kingston, NY, and the Watermark/Cargo Gallery, a contemporary and African art gallery also in Kingston, New York.","The collection was donated by the artist's estate in December 2022. It was packed at Wigfall's home and studio in New Paltz, New York in September 2022.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","This photograph was printed in reverse - Wigfall was right-handed.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","From left-to-right: Edward Scott, Benjamin Wigfall, Larry Carpenter, Michael van Dyke.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","From left-to-right: Larry Carpenter, Mary Lou Morgan, Edward Scott.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Line 1: Martin Gordon, Kenny Howell, Ernest Frazier\nLine 2: Martin Gordon, Kenny Howell, Alfreda Drake, Sonia Easter, Ernest Frazier\nLines 3-4: Kingston Seventh Day Adventist Church","Line 2, left-to-right: Phyllis Barnes, Debbie Washington, Dawn Washington, Everett Winrow","In the center, Edward Scott and Val Hunt.","Yvonne Thomas Easter in long, dark, patterned dress surrounded by other unidentified individuals.","Annie Jackson is the only individual whose face can be seen in the photograph.","Joe Ramos on the left. Henry Raleigh in the center.","In striped shirt, Leroy Washington. In number 32 shirt, James Peeble's \"Little Bro.\" In plaid shirt, Dennis Washington.","Letter on Communcations Village letterhead. From Benjamin Wigfall, announcing and asking for participation in a community documentation project, made possible through CETA funding. Thanks Larry Kithcart and John Gilmore.","Poster for Community Work Sessions at Communications Village in Kingston, NY. Notes funding by the New York State Council on the Arts and CETA.","Poster for Community Work Sessions at Communications Village in Kingston, NY. Notes funding by the New York State Council on the Arts and CETA.","Poster for Community Work Sessions at Communications Village in Kingston, NY. Notes funding by the New York State Council on the Arts and CETA.","Poster for Community Work Sessions at Communications Village in Kingston, NY. Notes funding by the New York State Council on the Arts and CETA.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Negatives correspond to contact sheet.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","The back of the woodblock is metal.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Only two pages were digitized.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","This item has not been digitized.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","This item has not been digitized.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","This item has not been digitized.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","This item has not been digitized.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","\"Collection of the Artist\"","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","\"Mr. David Prescott, Yale University, New Haven\"","Stamped \"Art in America\"","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","\"Collection of the Artist\"","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","\"Collection Yale Print Collection, New Haven, Conn.\"","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","\"Collection Miss Jane Doggett - New Haven\"","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","This item was returned to the Archives on December 6, 2023.","This item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.","This item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.","This item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.","This item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.","This item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.","This item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.","This item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.","This item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.","This item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.","In 2021, the museum was awarded a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities to fund 9 months of work for a graduate level intern during the 2022-2023 academic year. From October 2022 to June 2023, Nuelle Johnson performed all of the processing, description, rehousing and select digitization for the collection.","Item-level cataloging completed by Nuelle Johnson will continue to be added and updated in ArchivesSpace by Archivist Emily Johnson.","The photo album was dismantled and items within it were placed in archival quality sleeves to better preserve them. The digital copy preserves the original order of the album.","VA12.08.7.008","VA12.08.1.008","VA12.08.1.008","2022.198","51.7.5","VA12.01.5.009","51.7.5","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.01.5.005","VA12.01.5.004","VA12.08.2.006","VA12.01.2.014","58.13.6","58.13.6","51.7.5","2022.201","VA12.01.8.011, VA12.01.8.012","VA12.03.2.001","VA12.03.2.001","VA12.01.8.001, VA12.01.8.012","VA12.01.8.001, VA12.01.8.011","VA12.3.2.002, VA12.3.2.004","VA12.03.2.001","VA12.03.2.001","VA12.04.4.007","VA12.04.4.006","VA12.04.4.010","VA12.04.4.009","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.04.6.012","VA12.04.8.001","VA12.04.7.001","2022.189","2022.190","2022.199, 2022.198","2022.201","2022.215, VA12.08.6.004","2022.222","2022.221","2022.220","2022.220","2022.198, VA12.08.1.003","2022.198, VA12.08.1.003","2022.198, VA12.08.1.003","2022.199, VA12.08.1.003","2022.226","2022.227","2022.224","2022.224","2022.201","The collection's inclusive dates are 1880-2023, with the bulk of the material dating from the 1940s-1970s. The collection is comprised of correspondence, ephemera, publications, prints, slides, woodblocks, metal plates, photographs, certificates, financial documents, and more related to the life and work of both Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary C. Wigfall.","This series is compromised of correspondence, clippings, photographs, magazines, art reproductions, and other material related to Wigfall's life, education, career, and family.","This sub-series is comprised of Benjamin L. Wigfall's biographical material such as resumes, certificates, photos, and other related materials.","This sub-series is comprised of materials related to Benjamin L. Wigfall's education from primary school to college such as correspondence, clippings, photographs, report cards, and more.","This sub-series is comprised of material primarily relating to Wigfall's teaching careers at Hampton Institute and SUNY New Paltz such as correspondence, clippings, photographs, and more.","This sub-series is comprised of material relating to the Wigfall Family preceding Benjamin L. Wigfall such as family reunion documents and more.","This sub-series is comprised of material relating to Wigfall's artistic career, such as exhibition ephemera, exhibition correspondence, magazines, photographs, and more.","This sub-series is comprised of material relating to awards and accolades recieved by Wigfall.","This sub-series contains material relating to Wigfall's death on February 9th, 2017, such as obituaries, funeral texts, articles, and funeral invitations.","This sub-series contains photographs of Benjamin L. Wigfall unrelated to other topics.","This series is comprised of correspondence, clippings, photographs, magazines, art reproductions, and other material related to Carter Wigfall's life, education, career, and family.","This series is comprised of clippings and other manuscripts related to the life of Mary Carter Wigfall.","This sub-series is comprised of materials related to Mary Carter Wigfall's education from primary school to college such as correspondence, clippings, photographs, report cards, and more.","This sub-series is comprised of material primarily relating to Mary Carter Wigfall's teaching and directorial career at both Maggie Walker High School as well as the Migrant Childcare Center such as correspondence, clippings, photographs, and more.","This sub-series is comprised of material relating to Mary Carter Wigfall's artistic career, sketches, drawings, and photographs of her weavings.","This sub-series contains photographs of Mary Carter Wigfall unrelated to other topics.","This sub-series is comprised of material relating to the Carter family preceding Mary Carter Wigfall such as family reunion documents and more.","This series is comprised of correspondence, photographs, family albums, books, and other material related to the joined Benjamin Wigfall and Mary Carter Wigfall family.","This sub-series contains manuscript material related to the immediate family of Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary Carter Wigfall.","This sub-series contains albums related to the immediate family of Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary Carter Wigfall.","This sub-series contains photographs related to the immediate family of Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary Carter Wigfall.","This sub-series contains financial documents related to the immediate family of Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary Carter Wigfall.","This series is comprised of correspondence, photographs, posters, newspaper clippings, ephemera, slides, negatives, and more related to the Communications Village organization.","This sub-series contains documents relating to the foundation of Communications Village Ltd., such as directorial information, staff information, proposals, and more.","This sub-series contains financial documents related to Communications Village, including grant proposals and applications, as well as donation requests, receipts, and more.","This sub-series contains newspaper and magazine articles written about Communications Village.","This sub-series contains materials related to workshops and exhibitions held with Communications Village, such as ephemera, press releases, photographs, and more.","This sub-series contains a series of transcribed oral interviews from Poughkeepsie, NY residents.","This sub-series contains documents and photographs related to the 1976 Intaglio Prints Editions exhibition in which 10 artists created intaglio prints for the students of Communications Village to reproduce for sale.","This sub-series contains posters created at Communications Village.","This sub-series contains material related to the building that housed Communications Village.","This series is comprised of correspondence, photographs, posters, newspaper clippings, ephemera, slides, negatives, and more related to the Watermark/Cargo Gallery.","This sub-series contains documents relating to the administrative work of Watermark/Cargo, such as directorial information, staff information, proposals, and more.","This sub-series contains ephemera related to exhibitions held at Watermark/Cargo.","This sub-series contains material such as resumes and articles collected by Wigfall relating to the exhibiting artists of Watermark/Cargo, as well as slides sent by the exhibiting artists for review.","This sub-series contains clippings and newspaper articles written about Watermark/Cargo.","This sub-series contains photographs of the Watermark/Cargo gallery and exhibitions.","This sub-series contains material such as postcards, articles, and other documents that could have inspired aspects of Watermark/Cargo Gallery.","This sub-series contains correspondence related to the Watermark/Cargo Gallery.","This sub-series contains records of art dealings done with the Watermark/Cargo Gallery.","This series is comprised of correspondence, photographs, lesson plans, newspaper clippings, ephemera, slides, negatives, and more related to the Migrant Children's Center.","This series contains documents related to the founding and planning of the Migrant Childcare Center, directed by Mary Carter Wigfall.","This sub-series contains financial documents related to the Migrant Children's Center, including grant proposals and applications, as well as donation requests.","This sub-series contains photographs of the children and staff of the Migrant Children's Center.","This sub-series contains ephemera related to the summer programs run by Mary Carter Wigfall through the Migrant Children's Center in her own home at New Paltz, NY.","This sub-series contains art projects created by the students and staff of the Migrant Children's Center.","This sub-series contains articles written about the Migrant Children's Center.","This series is comprised of photographs, slides, negatives, newspaper clippings, correspondence, posters, and more related to Wigfall's communities in New York.","This sub-series contains material collected by Wigfall related to the history and landscape of the Poughkeepsie/Kingston areas of New York.","This sub-series contains articles, posters, photographs, and more related to the SCORE organization, also known as the Strand Community Organization for the Rehabilitation of the Environment.","This sub-series contains photographs, slides, and negatives of community residents around Wigfall's home in New York.","This series consists of etching plates, carved printing blocks, particle board, audio tapes, records, CD's, photographs, slides, negatives, and more materials related to the art and printmaking of Benjamin L. Wigfall and other related artists.","This sub-series contains printing plates and blocks created by Benjamin L. Wigfall.","This sub-series contains preliminary artwork created by Benjamin L. Wigfall such as loose sketches, sketchbooks, and more.","This sub-series contains four cut-outs related to Wigfall's \"Jumprope Girl\" and \"Composition\" (1952-1954) prints.","This sub-series contains printing plates and blocks created by artists around and related to Benjamin L. Wigfall.","This sub-series contains prints created by young artists around and related to Benjamin L. Wigfall.","This sub-series contains slides and negatives of Benjamin L. Wigfall's artwork.","This sub-series contains photographs and reproductions of Benjamin L. Wigfall's artwork.","This sub-series contains audio and visual material related to Benjamin L. Wigfall and his life.","This series contains photographs and metal plates related to respective photography projects.","This sub-series contains photographs taken of African American women in Ulster County, NY.","This sub-series contains photographs and metal plates of Benjamin L. Wigfall and Patricia Jow Kagemoto in themed Western attire.","This series is comprised of correspondence, photographs, slides, negatives, newspaper clippings, ephemera, and more related to other artists and friends around Benjamin L. Wigfall.","This sub-series contains correspondence between Wigfall and other artists and friends in his life.","This sub-series contains ephemera of other artist's exhibitions that Benjamin L. Wigfall was presumably invited to attend.","This sub-series is comprised of photographs of other artists' artwork.","This sub-series is comprised of photographs and slides of other artists and friends in Wigfall's life.","This sub-series contains articles written about other artists and friends within Wigfalls life.","This sub-series contains material related to Thomas Cannon such as articles, correspondence, and more.","This sub-series contains material related to Yale Epstien such as articles, correspondence, and more.","This sub-series contains material related to Ernest Frazier such as articles, correspondence, and more.","This sub-series contains material related to Richard Frumess such as articles, correspondence, and more.","This sub-series contains material related to Patricia Jow Kagemoto such as articles, correspondence, and more.","The collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a  Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License .","Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","No Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","No Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","No Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","No Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","No Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","No Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Pat Jow Kagemoto.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Pat Jow Kagemoto.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Pat Jow Kagemoto.","No Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Pat Jow Kagemoto.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Pat Jow Kagemoto.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Pat Jow Kagemoto.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Pat Jow Kagemoto.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Pat Jow Kagemoto.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Pat Jow Kagemoto.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Pat Jow Kagemoto.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Pat Jow Kagemoto.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","The collection documents the life and work of Benjamin L. Wigfall, African American abstract expressionist artist. Benjamin L. Wigfall was the second African American artist to have a painting aquired by the VMFA, as well as the youngest ever artist to do the same. In addition to his work as an artist, Wigfall also taught and mentored in both Virginia at Hampton Institute, as well as New York at SUNY New Paltz and in his own community. Additionally, the collection contains documents related to the life and career of artist and educator, Mary Carter Wigfall, Benjamin L. Wigfall's wife. Mary C. Wigfall founded and directed the Migrant Childcare Center in New York from the early 1970s until her retirement in 1992.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["VA-12","/repositories/2/resources/465"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"creator_ssm":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020"],"creator_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020"],"creators_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020"],"access_terms_ssm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a  Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License .","Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Art, American","Art, American -- 20th century -- Virginia","Painting -- 20th century","Prints -- Technique","Woodcuts (prints).","Etchings (prints)."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Art, American","Art, American -- 20th century -- Virginia","Painting -- 20th century","Prints -- Technique","Woodcuts (prints).","Etchings (prints)."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["21.875 Linear Feet 50 boxes; 63 folders"],"extent_tesim":["21.875 Linear Feet 50 boxes; 63 folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Woodcuts (prints).","Etchings (prints)."],"date_range_isim":[1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into 10 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 1\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall, 1944-2023\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 2\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMary Carter Wigfall, 1949-2017\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 3\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWigfall Family Records, 1944-2014\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 4\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eCommunications Village, 1880-1980\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 5\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWatermark/Cargo Gallery, 1969-2004\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 6\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMigrant Children's Center, 1965-1999\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 7\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eNew York, 1917-2018\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 8\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eArt and Printmaking, 1951-1993\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 9\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003ePhotography Projects - Communications Village, 1970s-2000s\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 10\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eOther Artists and Friends, 1949-2020\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into 10 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.","Series 1 Benjamin L. Wigfall, 1944-2023 Series 2 Mary Carter Wigfall, 1949-2017 Series 3 Wigfall Family Records, 1944-2014 Series 4 Communications Village, 1880-1980 Series 5 Watermark/Cargo Gallery, 1969-2004 Series 6 Migrant Children's Center, 1965-1999 Series 7 New York, 1917-2018 Series 8 Art and Printmaking, 1951-1993 Series 9 Photography Projects - Communications Village, 1970s-2000s Series 10 Other Artists and Friends, 1949-2020"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBenjamin Leroy Wigfall was born on November 17th, 1930 in Richmond, VA to parents James Andrew and Willie Cogena Wigfall. Wigfall attended the segregated George Mason Elementary School in Richmond until 1944, and moved to Armstrong High School (also segregated) for his secondary education until 1948. Armstrong High School is where Wigfall began to grow artistically, with the help of his senior-year art teacher, Stafford W. Evans, who introduced him to the VMFA. After high school, Wigfall attended Hampton Institute (now University) in 1948, taking part of his first year for a medical leave of absence due to his epilepsy. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter receiving his Bachelor in Art Education from Hampton Institute in 1953, Wigfall transferred to Yale University in order to continue his graduate studies in 1954. During this time, he also took another leave of absence to teach at Hampton Institute as an Art Educator. Wigfall re-entered Yale in 1958, and finished with his Master of Fine Arts from Yale University's Department of Design. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWigfall went on to found both Communications Village Ltd., a community arts center in Kingston, NY, and the Watermark/Cargo Gallery, a contemporary and African art gallery also in Kingston, New York.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Benjamin Leroy Wigfall was born on November 17th, 1930 in Richmond, VA to parents James Andrew and Willie Cogena Wigfall. Wigfall attended the segregated George Mason Elementary School in Richmond until 1944, and moved to Armstrong High School (also segregated) for his secondary education until 1948. Armstrong High School is where Wigfall began to grow artistically, with the help of his senior-year art teacher, Stafford W. Evans, who introduced him to the VMFA. After high school, Wigfall attended Hampton Institute (now University) in 1948, taking part of his first year for a medical leave of absence due to his epilepsy. ","After receiving his Bachelor in Art Education from Hampton Institute in 1953, Wigfall transferred to Yale University in order to continue his graduate studies in 1954. During this time, he also took another leave of absence to teach at Hampton Institute as an Art Educator. Wigfall re-entered Yale in 1958, and finished with his Master of Fine Arts from Yale University's Department of Design. ","Wigfall went on to found both Communications Village Ltd., a community arts center in Kingston, NY, and the Watermark/Cargo Gallery, a contemporary and African art gallery also in Kingston, New York."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was donated by the artist's estate in December 2022. It was packed at Wigfall's home and studio in New Paltz, New York in September 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["The collection was donated by the artist's estate in December 2022. 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Howell, Alfreda Drake, Sonia Easter, Ernest Frazier\nLines 3-4: Kingston Seventh Day Adventist Church\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLine 2, left-to-right: Phyllis Barnes, Debbie Washington, Dawn Washington, Everett Winrow\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the center, Edward Scott and Val Hunt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYvonne Thomas Easter in long, dark, patterned dress surrounded by other unidentified individuals.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnie Jackson is the only individual whose face can be seen in the photograph.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJoe Ramos on the left. Henry Raleigh in the center.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn striped shirt, Leroy Washington. In number 32 shirt, James Peeble's \"Little Bro.\" In plaid shirt, Dennis Washington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter on Communcations Village letterhead. From Benjamin Wigfall, announcing and asking for participation in a community documentation project, made possible through CETA funding. Thanks Larry Kithcart and John Gilmore.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoster for Community Work Sessions at Communications Village in Kingston, NY. Notes funding by the New York State Council on the Arts and CETA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoster for Community Work Sessions at Communications Village in Kingston, NY. Notes funding by the New York State Council on the Arts and CETA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoster for Community Work Sessions at Communications Village in Kingston, NY. Notes funding by the New York State Council on the Arts and CETA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoster for Community Work Sessions at Communications Village in Kingston, NY. 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for the Humanities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigitization has been made possible by the National Endowment 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by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","This photograph was printed in reverse - Wigfall was right-handed.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","From left-to-right: Edward Scott, Benjamin Wigfall, Larry Carpenter, Michael van Dyke.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","From left-to-right: Larry Carpenter, Mary Lou Morgan, Edward Scott.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Line 1: Martin Gordon, Kenny Howell, Ernest Frazier\nLine 2: Martin Gordon, Kenny Howell, Alfreda Drake, Sonia Easter, Ernest Frazier\nLines 3-4: Kingston Seventh Day Adventist Church","Line 2, left-to-right: Phyllis Barnes, Debbie Washington, Dawn Washington, Everett Winrow","In the center, Edward Scott and Val Hunt.","Yvonne Thomas Easter in long, dark, patterned dress surrounded by other unidentified individuals.","Annie Jackson is the only individual whose face can be seen in the photograph.","Joe Ramos on the left. Henry Raleigh in the center.","In striped shirt, Leroy Washington. In number 32 shirt, James Peeble's \"Little Bro.\" In plaid shirt, Dennis Washington.","Letter on Communcations Village letterhead. From Benjamin Wigfall, announcing and asking for participation in a community documentation project, made possible through CETA funding. Thanks Larry Kithcart and John Gilmore.","Poster for Community Work Sessions at Communications Village in Kingston, NY. Notes funding by the New York State Council on the Arts and CETA.","Poster for Community Work Sessions at Communications Village in Kingston, NY. Notes funding by the New York State Council on the Arts and CETA.","Poster for Community Work Sessions at Communications Village in Kingston, NY. Notes funding by the New York State Council on the Arts and CETA.","Poster for Community Work Sessions at Communications Village in Kingston, NY. Notes funding by the New York State Council on the Arts and CETA.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Negatives correspond to contact sheet.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","The back of the woodblock is metal.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Only two pages were digitized.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","This item has not been digitized.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","This item has not been digitized.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","This item has not been digitized.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","This item has not been digitized.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","This item has not been digitized.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","\"Collection of the Artist\"","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","\"Mr. David Prescott, Yale University, New Haven\"","Stamped \"Art in America\"","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","\"Collection of the Artist\"","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","\"Collection Yale Print Collection, New Haven, Conn.\"","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","\"Collection Miss Jane Doggett - New Haven\"","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities.","Digitization has been made possible by the National Endowment for the Humanities."],"originalsloc_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis item was returned to the Archives on December 6, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"originalsloc_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals"],"originalsloc_tesim":["This item was returned to the Archives on December 6, 2023.","This item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.","This item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.","This item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.","This item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.","This item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.","This item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.","This item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.","This item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023.","This item was returned to the archives on September 18, 2023."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 2021, the museum was awarded a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities to fund 9 months of work for a graduate level intern during the 2022-2023 academic year. From October 2022 to June 2023, Nuelle Johnson performed all of the processing, description, rehousing and select digitization for the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItem-level cataloging completed by Nuelle Johnson will continue to be added and updated in ArchivesSpace by Archivist Emily Johnson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe photo album was dismantled and items within it were placed in archival quality sleeves to better preserve them. The digital copy preserves the original order of the album.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information","Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["In 2021, the museum was awarded a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities to fund 9 months of work for a graduate level intern during the 2022-2023 academic year. From October 2022 to June 2023, Nuelle Johnson performed all of the processing, description, rehousing and select digitization for the collection.","Item-level cataloging completed by Nuelle Johnson will continue to be added and updated in ArchivesSpace by Archivist Emily Johnson.","The photo album was dismantled and items within it were placed in archival quality sleeves to better preserve them. The digital copy preserves the original order of the album."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVA12.08.7.008\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.08.1.008\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.08.1.008\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.198\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e51.7.5\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.01.5.009\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e51.7.5\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.04.6.001\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.01.5.005\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.01.5.004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.08.2.006\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.01.2.014\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e58.13.6\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e58.13.6\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e51.7.5\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.201\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.01.8.011, VA12.01.8.012\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.03.2.001\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.03.2.001\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.01.8.001, VA12.01.8.012\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.01.8.001, VA12.01.8.011\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.3.2.002, VA12.3.2.004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.03.2.001\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.03.2.001\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.04.4.007\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.04.4.006\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.04.4.010\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.04.4.009\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.04.6.001\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.04.6.001\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.04.6.001\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.04.6.001\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.04.6.001\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.04.6.001\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.04.6.001\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.04.6.001\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.04.6.001\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.04.6.012\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.04.8.001\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVA12.04.7.001\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.189\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.190\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.199, 2022.198\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.201\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.215, VA12.08.6.004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.222\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.221\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.220\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.220\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.198, VA12.08.1.003\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.198, VA12.08.1.003\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.198, VA12.08.1.003\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.199, VA12.08.1.003\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.226\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.227\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.224\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.224\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2022.201\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["VA12.08.7.008","VA12.08.1.008","VA12.08.1.008","2022.198","51.7.5","VA12.01.5.009","51.7.5","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.01.5.005","VA12.01.5.004","VA12.08.2.006","VA12.01.2.014","58.13.6","58.13.6","51.7.5","2022.201","VA12.01.8.011, VA12.01.8.012","VA12.03.2.001","VA12.03.2.001","VA12.01.8.001, VA12.01.8.012","VA12.01.8.001, VA12.01.8.011","VA12.3.2.002, VA12.3.2.004","VA12.03.2.001","VA12.03.2.001","VA12.04.4.007","VA12.04.4.006","VA12.04.4.010","VA12.04.4.009","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.04.6.001","VA12.04.6.012","VA12.04.8.001","VA12.04.7.001","2022.189","2022.190","2022.199, 2022.198","2022.201","2022.215, VA12.08.6.004","2022.222","2022.221","2022.220","2022.220","2022.198, VA12.08.1.003","2022.198, VA12.08.1.003","2022.198, VA12.08.1.003","2022.199, VA12.08.1.003","2022.226","2022.227","2022.224","2022.224","2022.201"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection's inclusive dates are 1880-2023, with the bulk of the material dating from the 1940s-1970s. The collection is comprised of correspondence, ephemera, publications, prints, slides, woodblocks, metal plates, photographs, certificates, financial documents, and more related to the life and work of both Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary C. Wigfall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is compromised of correspondence, clippings, photographs, magazines, art reproductions, and other material related to Wigfall's life, education, career, and family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series is comprised of Benjamin L. Wigfall's biographical material such as resumes, certificates, photos, and other related materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series is comprised of materials related to Benjamin L. Wigfall's education from primary school to college such as correspondence, clippings, photographs, report cards, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series is comprised of material primarily relating to Wigfall's teaching careers at Hampton Institute and SUNY New Paltz such as correspondence, clippings, photographs, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series is comprised of material relating to the Wigfall Family preceding Benjamin L. Wigfall such as family reunion documents and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series is comprised of material relating to Wigfall's artistic career, such as exhibition ephemera, exhibition correspondence, magazines, photographs, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series is comprised of material relating to awards and accolades recieved by Wigfall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains material relating to Wigfall's death on February 9th, 2017, such as obituaries, funeral texts, articles, and funeral invitations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains photographs of Benjamin L. Wigfall unrelated to other topics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is comprised of correspondence, clippings, photographs, magazines, art reproductions, and other material related to Carter Wigfall's life, education, career, and family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is comprised of clippings and other manuscripts related to the life of Mary Carter Wigfall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series is comprised of materials related to Mary Carter Wigfall's education from primary school to college such as correspondence, clippings, photographs, report cards, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series is comprised of material primarily relating to Mary Carter Wigfall's teaching and directorial career at both Maggie Walker High School as well as the Migrant Childcare Center such as correspondence, clippings, photographs, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series is comprised of material relating to Mary Carter Wigfall's artistic career, sketches, drawings, and photographs of her weavings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains photographs of Mary Carter Wigfall unrelated to other topics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series is comprised of material relating to the Carter family preceding Mary Carter Wigfall such as family reunion documents and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is comprised of correspondence, photographs, family albums, books, and other material related to the joined Benjamin Wigfall and Mary Carter Wigfall family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains manuscript material related to the immediate family of Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary Carter Wigfall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains albums related to the immediate family of Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary Carter Wigfall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains photographs related to the immediate family of Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary Carter Wigfall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains financial documents related to the immediate family of Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary Carter Wigfall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is comprised of correspondence, photographs, posters, newspaper clippings, ephemera, slides, negatives, and more related to the Communications Village organization.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains documents relating to the foundation of Communications Village Ltd., such as directorial information, staff information, proposals, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains financial documents related to Communications Village, including grant proposals and applications, as well as donation requests, receipts, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains newspaper and magazine articles written about Communications Village.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains materials related to workshops and exhibitions held with Communications Village, such as ephemera, press releases, photographs, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains a series of transcribed oral interviews from Poughkeepsie, NY residents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains documents and photographs related to the 1976 Intaglio Prints Editions exhibition in which 10 artists created intaglio prints for the students of Communications Village to reproduce for sale.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains posters created at Communications Village.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains material related to the building that housed Communications Village.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is comprised of correspondence, photographs, posters, newspaper clippings, ephemera, slides, negatives, and more related to the Watermark/Cargo Gallery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains documents relating to the administrative work of Watermark/Cargo, such as directorial information, staff information, proposals, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains ephemera related to exhibitions held at Watermark/Cargo.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains material such as resumes and articles collected by Wigfall relating to the exhibiting artists of Watermark/Cargo, as well as slides sent by the exhibiting artists for review.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains clippings and newspaper articles written about Watermark/Cargo.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains photographs of the Watermark/Cargo gallery and exhibitions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains material such as postcards, articles, and other documents that could have inspired aspects of Watermark/Cargo Gallery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains correspondence related to the Watermark/Cargo Gallery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains records of art dealings done with the Watermark/Cargo Gallery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is comprised of correspondence, photographs, lesson plans, newspaper clippings, ephemera, slides, negatives, and more related to the Migrant Children's Center.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains documents related to the founding and planning of the Migrant Childcare Center, directed by Mary Carter Wigfall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains financial documents related to the Migrant Children's Center, including grant proposals and applications, as well as donation requests.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains photographs of the children and staff of the Migrant Children's Center.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains ephemera related to the summer programs run by Mary Carter Wigfall through the Migrant Children's Center in her own home at New Paltz, NY.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains art projects created by the students and staff of the Migrant Children's Center.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains articles written about the Migrant Children's Center.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is comprised of photographs, slides, negatives, newspaper clippings, correspondence, posters, and more related to Wigfall's communities in New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains material collected by Wigfall related to the history and landscape of the Poughkeepsie/Kingston areas of New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains articles, posters, photographs, and more related to the SCORE organization, also known as the Strand Community Organization for the Rehabilitation of the Environment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains photographs, slides, and negatives of community residents around Wigfall's home in New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of etching plates, carved printing blocks, particle board, audio tapes, records, CD's, photographs, slides, negatives, and more materials related to the art and printmaking of Benjamin L. Wigfall and other related artists.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains printing plates and blocks created by Benjamin L. Wigfall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains preliminary artwork created by Benjamin L. Wigfall such as loose sketches, sketchbooks, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains four cut-outs related to Wigfall's \"Jumprope Girl\" and \"Composition\" (1952-1954) prints.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains printing plates and blocks created by artists around and related to Benjamin L. Wigfall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains prints created by young artists around and related to Benjamin L. Wigfall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains slides and negatives of Benjamin L. Wigfall's artwork.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains photographs and reproductions of Benjamin L. Wigfall's artwork.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains audio and visual material related to Benjamin L. Wigfall and his life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains photographs and metal plates related to respective photography projects.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains photographs taken of African American women in Ulster County, NY.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains photographs and metal plates of Benjamin L. Wigfall and Patricia Jow Kagemoto in themed Western attire.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is comprised of correspondence, photographs, slides, negatives, newspaper clippings, ephemera, and more related to other artists and friends around Benjamin L. Wigfall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains correspondence between Wigfall and other artists and friends in his life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains ephemera of other artist's exhibitions that Benjamin L. Wigfall was presumably invited to attend.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series is comprised of photographs of other artists' artwork.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series is comprised of photographs and slides of other artists and friends in Wigfall's life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains articles written about other artists and friends within Wigfalls life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains material related to Thomas Cannon such as articles, correspondence, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains material related to Yale Epstien such as articles, correspondence, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains material related to Ernest Frazier such as articles, correspondence, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains material related to Richard Frumess such as articles, correspondence, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains material related to Patricia Jow Kagemoto such as articles, correspondence, and more.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection's inclusive dates are 1880-2023, with the bulk of the material dating from the 1940s-1970s. The collection is comprised of correspondence, ephemera, publications, prints, slides, woodblocks, metal plates, photographs, certificates, financial documents, and more related to the life and work of both Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary C. Wigfall.","This series is compromised of correspondence, clippings, photographs, magazines, art reproductions, and other material related to Wigfall's life, education, career, and family.","This sub-series is comprised of Benjamin L. Wigfall's biographical material such as resumes, certificates, photos, and other related materials.","This sub-series is comprised of materials related to Benjamin L. Wigfall's education from primary school to college such as correspondence, clippings, photographs, report cards, and more.","This sub-series is comprised of material primarily relating to Wigfall's teaching careers at Hampton Institute and SUNY New Paltz such as correspondence, clippings, photographs, and more.","This sub-series is comprised of material relating to the Wigfall Family preceding Benjamin L. Wigfall such as family reunion documents and more.","This sub-series is comprised of material relating to Wigfall's artistic career, such as exhibition ephemera, exhibition correspondence, magazines, photographs, and more.","This sub-series is comprised of material relating to awards and accolades recieved by Wigfall.","This sub-series contains material relating to Wigfall's death on February 9th, 2017, such as obituaries, funeral texts, articles, and funeral invitations.","This sub-series contains photographs of Benjamin L. Wigfall unrelated to other topics.","This series is comprised of correspondence, clippings, photographs, magazines, art reproductions, and other material related to Carter Wigfall's life, education, career, and family.","This series is comprised of clippings and other manuscripts related to the life of Mary Carter Wigfall.","This sub-series is comprised of materials related to Mary Carter Wigfall's education from primary school to college such as correspondence, clippings, photographs, report cards, and more.","This sub-series is comprised of material primarily relating to Mary Carter Wigfall's teaching and directorial career at both Maggie Walker High School as well as the Migrant Childcare Center such as correspondence, clippings, photographs, and more.","This sub-series is comprised of material relating to Mary Carter Wigfall's artistic career, sketches, drawings, and photographs of her weavings.","This sub-series contains photographs of Mary Carter Wigfall unrelated to other topics.","This sub-series is comprised of material relating to the Carter family preceding Mary Carter Wigfall such as family reunion documents and more.","This series is comprised of correspondence, photographs, family albums, books, and other material related to the joined Benjamin Wigfall and Mary Carter Wigfall family.","This sub-series contains manuscript material related to the immediate family of Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary Carter Wigfall.","This sub-series contains albums related to the immediate family of Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary Carter Wigfall.","This sub-series contains photographs related to the immediate family of Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary Carter Wigfall.","This sub-series contains financial documents related to the immediate family of Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary Carter Wigfall.","This series is comprised of correspondence, photographs, posters, newspaper clippings, ephemera, slides, negatives, and more related to the Communications Village organization.","This sub-series contains documents relating to the foundation of Communications Village Ltd., such as directorial information, staff information, proposals, and more.","This sub-series contains financial documents related to Communications Village, including grant proposals and applications, as well as donation requests, receipts, and more.","This sub-series contains newspaper and magazine articles written about Communications Village.","This sub-series contains materials related to workshops and exhibitions held with Communications Village, such as ephemera, press releases, photographs, and more.","This sub-series contains a series of transcribed oral interviews from Poughkeepsie, NY residents.","This sub-series contains documents and photographs related to the 1976 Intaglio Prints Editions exhibition in which 10 artists created intaglio prints for the students of Communications Village to reproduce for sale.","This sub-series contains posters created at Communications Village.","This sub-series contains material related to the building that housed Communications Village.","This series is comprised of correspondence, photographs, posters, newspaper clippings, ephemera, slides, negatives, and more related to the Watermark/Cargo Gallery.","This sub-series contains documents relating to the administrative work of Watermark/Cargo, such as directorial information, staff information, proposals, and more.","This sub-series contains ephemera related to exhibitions held at Watermark/Cargo.","This sub-series contains material such as resumes and articles collected by Wigfall relating to the exhibiting artists of Watermark/Cargo, as well as slides sent by the exhibiting artists for review.","This sub-series contains clippings and newspaper articles written about Watermark/Cargo.","This sub-series contains photographs of the Watermark/Cargo gallery and exhibitions.","This sub-series contains material such as postcards, articles, and other documents that could have inspired aspects of Watermark/Cargo Gallery.","This sub-series contains correspondence related to the Watermark/Cargo Gallery.","This sub-series contains records of art dealings done with the Watermark/Cargo Gallery.","This series is comprised of correspondence, photographs, lesson plans, newspaper clippings, ephemera, slides, negatives, and more related to the Migrant Children's Center.","This series contains documents related to the founding and planning of the Migrant Childcare Center, directed by Mary Carter Wigfall.","This sub-series contains financial documents related to the Migrant Children's Center, including grant proposals and applications, as well as donation requests.","This sub-series contains photographs of the children and staff of the Migrant Children's Center.","This sub-series contains ephemera related to the summer programs run by Mary Carter Wigfall through the Migrant Children's Center in her own home at New Paltz, NY.","This sub-series contains art projects created by the students and staff of the Migrant Children's Center.","This sub-series contains articles written about the Migrant Children's Center.","This series is comprised of photographs, slides, negatives, newspaper clippings, correspondence, posters, and more related to Wigfall's communities in New York.","This sub-series contains material collected by Wigfall related to the history and landscape of the Poughkeepsie/Kingston areas of New York.","This sub-series contains articles, posters, photographs, and more related to the SCORE organization, also known as the Strand Community Organization for the Rehabilitation of the Environment.","This sub-series contains photographs, slides, and negatives of community residents around Wigfall's home in New York.","This series consists of etching plates, carved printing blocks, particle board, audio tapes, records, CD's, photographs, slides, negatives, and more materials related to the art and printmaking of Benjamin L. Wigfall and other related artists.","This sub-series contains printing plates and blocks created by Benjamin L. Wigfall.","This sub-series contains preliminary artwork created by Benjamin L. Wigfall such as loose sketches, sketchbooks, and more.","This sub-series contains four cut-outs related to Wigfall's \"Jumprope Girl\" and \"Composition\" (1952-1954) prints.","This sub-series contains printing plates and blocks created by artists around and related to Benjamin L. Wigfall.","This sub-series contains prints created by young artists around and related to Benjamin L. Wigfall.","This sub-series contains slides and negatives of Benjamin L. Wigfall's artwork.","This sub-series contains photographs and reproductions of Benjamin L. Wigfall's artwork.","This sub-series contains audio and visual material related to Benjamin L. Wigfall and his life.","This series contains photographs and metal plates related to respective photography projects.","This sub-series contains photographs taken of African American women in Ulster County, NY.","This sub-series contains photographs and metal plates of Benjamin L. Wigfall and Patricia Jow Kagemoto in themed Western attire.","This series is comprised of correspondence, photographs, slides, negatives, newspaper clippings, ephemera, and more related to other artists and friends around Benjamin L. Wigfall.","This sub-series contains correspondence between Wigfall and other artists and friends in his life.","This sub-series contains ephemera of other artist's exhibitions that Benjamin L. Wigfall was presumably invited to attend.","This sub-series is comprised of photographs of other artists' artwork.","This sub-series is comprised of photographs and slides of other artists and friends in Wigfall's life.","This sub-series contains articles written about other artists and friends within Wigfalls life.","This sub-series contains material related to Thomas Cannon such as articles, correspondence, and more.","This sub-series contains material related to Yale Epstien such as articles, correspondence, and more.","This sub-series contains material related to Ernest Frazier such as articles, correspondence, and more.","This sub-series contains material related to Richard Frumess such as articles, correspondence, and more.","This sub-series contains material related to Patricia Jow Kagemoto such as articles, correspondence, and more."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/\"\u003eCreative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTransmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNo Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNo Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNo Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNo Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNo Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. 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laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a  Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License .","Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","No Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. 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VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","No Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. 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VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ©Benjamin Wigfall Estate. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce this material for educational and publicity purposes only by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4aa27f66a6c0c2bf8444280ed5caacf4\"\u003eThe collection documents the life and work of Benjamin L. Wigfall, African American abstract expressionist artist. Benjamin L. Wigfall was the second African American artist to have a painting aquired by the VMFA, as well as the youngest ever artist to do the same. In addition to his work as an artist, Wigfall also taught and mentored in both Virginia at Hampton Institute, as well as New York at SUNY New Paltz and in his own community. Additionally, the collection contains documents related to the life and career of artist and educator, Mary Carter Wigfall, Benjamin L. Wigfall's wife. Mary C. Wigfall founded and directed the Migrant Childcare Center in New York from the early 1970s until her retirement in 1992.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection documents the life and work of Benjamin L. Wigfall, African American abstract expressionist artist. Benjamin L. Wigfall was the second African American artist to have a painting aquired by the VMFA, as well as the youngest ever artist to do the same. In addition to his work as an artist, Wigfall also taught and mentored in both Virginia at Hampton Institute, as well as New York at SUNY New Paltz and in his own community. Additionally, the collection contains documents related to the life and career of artist and educator, Mary Carter Wigfall, Benjamin L. Wigfall's wife. Mary C. Wigfall founded and directed the Migrant Childcare Center in New York from the early 1970s until her retirement in 1992."],"names_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970."],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"names_coll_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020"],"persname_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":397,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:56:50.129Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_465"}},{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_198","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31)","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_198#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_198#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection documents parts of John Barton Payne's varied professional career. It contains correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson and federal agencies including the White House, Senate, House of Representatives, and Postmaster General, as well letters from Payne's former employer, invitations, letters of thanks, and requests from private entities. The collection also contains photographs from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park, but also a photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC).","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_198#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_198","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_198","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_198","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_198","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMFA/repositories_2_resources_198.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.vmfa.museum/repositories/2/resources/198","title_filing_ssi":"Payne, John Barton (SC-31)","title_ssm":["John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31)"],"title_tesim":["John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1881-1938, undated"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1881-1938, undated"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC-31","/repositories/2/resources/198"],"text":["SC-31","/repositories/2/resources/198","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31)","Yellowstone National Park (Agency : U.S.)","Washburn, Mount (Wyo.)","Seattle (Wash.)","Washington (D.C.)","St. Louis (Mo.)","Chicago (Ill.)","Richmond (Va.)","New York (N.Y.)","Charlottesville (Va.)","York Harbor (Me.)","Alaskan Engineering Commission","The collection is open for research. The digital collection can be accessed through the  VMFA Collections Search website .","The collection is organized into five series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.","Series 1 Correspondence, 1904-1938, undated Series 2 Published Materials, 1881-1926, undated Series 3 Travel Documents, 1919 Series 4 Photographic Materials, 1920, undated Series 5 Financial Documents, 1934-1935","John Barton Payne : Patron of the Arts, 1994","Catalogue of the Judge John Barton Payne Sale: Rare and Valuable Household Adornments, Important Paintings, Diamond and Other Jewelry, Antique Silver, etc. at Public Auction, 1935","Memorial Number to John Barton Payne, 1935","An Address at the Unveiling of the Bust of Woodrow Wilson: Hall of the House of Delegates, State Capitol, Richmond, Virginia, 1931","The John Barton Payne Collection of Paintings, 1926","Catalogue of the Paintings in the John Barton Payne Collection: Given in Memory of his Wife and Mother to the Commonwealth of Virginia, 1921","Exhibition file : John Barton Payne Collection of Paintings and Prints, Mar. 6-Apr. 25, 1936","Donors: Payne, John Barton","History: Early History of Museum: John Barton Payne and John Garland Pollard Correspondence about Planning the Museum (2 folders)","History: Early History of Museum: John Barton Payne","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Director's Correspondence, 1936-1976 (Accession 33863)","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Exhibition Files, 1936-1992 (Accession 31633)","Virginia. Governor (1930-1934 : Pollard), Executive Papers, 1930-1934 (Accession 23344a)"," Virginia. Governor (1934-1938 : Peery), Executive Papers, 1934-1938 (Accession 23344b)","John Barton Payne Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary (01/Mss. 39.1 P29)","Records of the American National Red Cross, 1881-2008, National Archives and Records Administration (5896716)","On January 16, 1936, the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts opened its doors for the first time. The occasion marked the culmination of more than sixteen years of effort that began in December 1919 with a gift of 51 artworks from Judge John Barton Payne. In spite of the Great Depression, Virginia Governor John Garland Pollard secured the support to meet Payne's $100,000 challenge grant, and the two men established the first state-run art museum in the United States.","Payne was born in Pruntytown, Virginia, in 1855, where his father, Dr. Amos Payne, had taken his family to establish a medical practice. In 1860, the family returned to the Payne homestead – a farm in Fauquier County, Virginia – and it was here that Payne spent his formative years. Payne taught himself law by reading each volume, one by one, of Blackstone's Commentaries and began his career as a lawyer in 1876, at age 21, when he was admitted to the Bar. In 1883, having completed his mayoral tenure in Kingwood, West Virginia, he moved to Chicago and attained considerable influence as a lawyer, judge, and philanthropist. He also started collecting art. Payne was engaged with the preeminent Art Institute of Chicago on a number of different levels, and it likely framed his idea of what an art museum should be – an educational and collecting institution for the benefit of the public.","By 1914, with the outbreak of World War I, Payne was appointed to the U.S. Treasury Board of Appeals, serving as general counsel for both the Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation and the United States Railroad Administration. His principal role was as an arbitrator – a peace-keeper – during Wilson's and subsequent administrations. When World War I ended in 1918, Payne spent the next year helping to negotiate the nuances and politics of peace as the recently appointed Secretary of the Interior. He resigned his position in 1921 so that he could serve as chairman of the American Red Cross. Payne served at the helm of the Red Cross under four administrations, and until the end of his life.","In December of 1919, following the death of his second wife, Jennie Byrd Bryan Payne – who was an artist in her own right – and in honor of his mother, Elizabeth Barton Smith, Payne wrote to Virginia Governor Westmoreland Davis offering his collection of paintings to \"his mother,\" the Commonwealth of Virginia. The offer was passed by the Virginia legislature on February 20, 1920. To realize his vision, in 1932, Payne offered the Commonwealth a matching grant of $100,000 to construct an art museum. Incredibly, despite the Depression, Governor Pollard was able to match the grant. Construction took place between 1934 and 1936, and Payne and Pollard served consecutively as the institution's first and second presidents. But it was Payne's vision that established the museum's mission and set the course for the next century: a public-private partnership—the first state-run art museum in the United States; a collection based entirely of private philanthropy; and a community of people from every walk of life.","Payne died in 1935, a year before the museum opened from pneumonia contracted following an appendicitis attack and he was buried at Oak Hill Cemetery in Washington, D.C.","Text by Dr. Susan J. Rawles, Associate Curator of American Painting and Decorative Art","The collection was transferred from the Collections Department in 2018. The archives received a donation from John Payne, a descendant of John Barton Payne, on September 30, 2022. The donation was added to the collection in 2023.","The collection's inclusive dates are 1881-1938, with the bulk of the material dating from 1904-1932. The digital collection is comprised of correspondence, lyrics, newspaper clippings, photographs, and travel documents.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series includes Payne's United States Railroad Administration rail pass (\"Number 6\") from 1919.","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains financial documents pertaining to John Barton Payne's estate.","Series level description: This series contains financial documents pertaining to John Barton Payne's estate.","The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","The collection documents parts of John Barton Payne's varied professional career. It contains correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson and federal agencies including the White House, Senate, House of Representatives, and Postmaster General, as well letters from Payne's former employer, invitations, letters of thanks, and requests from private entities. The collection also contains photographs from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park, but also a photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC).","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","St. Louis star","Washington post (Washington, D.C. : 1974)","United States. Federal Railroad Administration","Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏","Wilson, Woodrow, 1856-1924","Wilson, Edith Bolling Galt, 1872-1961","Daniels, Josephus, 1862-1948","McAdoo, W. G. (William Gibbs), 1863-1941","Alderman, Edwin Anderson, 1861-1931","Pollard, John Garland, 1871-1937","Baker, Newton Diehl, 1871-1937","Fall, Albert B. (Albert Bacon), 1861-1944","Crane, Frank, 1861-1928","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["SC-31","/repositories/2/resources/198"],"normalized_title_ssm":["John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31)"],"collection_title_tesim":["John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31)"],"collection_ssim":["John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31)"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"geogname_ssm":["Yellowstone National Park (Agency : U.S.)","Washburn, Mount (Wyo.)","Seattle (Wash.)","Washington (D.C.)","St. Louis (Mo.)","Chicago (Ill.)","Richmond (Va.)","New York (N.Y.)","Charlottesville (Va.)","York Harbor (Me.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Yellowstone National Park (Agency : U.S.)","Washburn, Mount (Wyo.)","Seattle (Wash.)","Washington (D.C.)","St. Louis (Mo.)","Chicago (Ill.)","Richmond (Va.)","New York (N.Y.)","Charlottesville (Va.)","York Harbor (Me.)"],"creator_ssm":["Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏","Wilson, Woodrow, 1856-1924","Wilson, Edith Bolling Galt, 1872-1961","Daniels, Josephus, 1862-1948","McAdoo, W. G. (William Gibbs), 1863-1941","Alderman, Edwin Anderson, 1861-1931"],"creator_ssim":["Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏","Wilson, Woodrow, 1856-1924","Wilson, Edith Bolling Galt, 1872-1961","Daniels, Josephus, 1862-1948","McAdoo, W. G. (William Gibbs), 1863-1941","Alderman, Edwin Anderson, 1861-1931"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏","Wilson, Woodrow, 1856-1924","Wilson, Edith Bolling Galt, 1872-1961","Daniels, Josephus, 1862-1948","McAdoo, W. G. (William Gibbs), 1863-1941","Alderman, Edwin Anderson, 1861-1931"],"creators_ssim":["Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏","Wilson, Woodrow, 1856-1924","Wilson, Edith Bolling Galt, 1872-1961","Daniels, Josephus, 1862-1948","McAdoo, W. G. (William Gibbs), 1863-1941","Alderman, Edwin Anderson, 1861-1931"],"places_ssim":["Yellowstone National Park (Agency : U.S.)","Washburn, Mount (Wyo.)","Seattle (Wash.)","Washington (D.C.)","St. Louis (Mo.)","Chicago (Ill.)","Richmond (Va.)","New York (N.Y.)","Charlottesville (Va.)","York Harbor (Me.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Alaskan Engineering Commission"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Alaskan Engineering Commission"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.4 Linear Feet 1 box; 10 folders; 73 items"],"extent_tesim":["0.4 Linear Feet 1 box; 10 folders; 73 items"],"date_range_isim":[1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research. The digital collection can be accessed through the \u003ca href=\"https://www.vmfa.museum/wp-subsite/archives/john-barton-payne-personal-papers-sc-31/\"\u003eVMFA Collections Search website\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research. The digital collection can be accessed through the  VMFA Collections Search website ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into five series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 1\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eCorrespondence, 1904-1938, undated\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 2\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003ePublished Materials, 1881-1926, undated\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 3\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eTravel Documents, 1919\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 4\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003ePhotographic Materials, 1920, undated\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 5\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eFinancial Documents, 1934-1935\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into five series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.","Series 1 Correspondence, 1904-1938, undated Series 2 Published Materials, 1881-1926, undated Series 3 Travel Documents, 1919 Series 4 Photographic Materials, 1920, undated Series 5 Financial Documents, 1934-1935"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eJohn Barton Payne : Patron of the Arts, 1994\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eCatalogue of the Judge John Barton Payne Sale: Rare and Valuable Household Adornments, Important Paintings, Diamond and Other Jewelry, Antique Silver, etc. at Public Auction, 1935\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eMemorial Number to John Barton Payne, 1935\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eAn Address at the Unveiling of the Bust of Woodrow Wilson: Hall of the House of Delegates, State Capitol, Richmond, Virginia, 1931\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eThe John Barton Payne Collection of Paintings, 1926\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eCatalogue of the Paintings in the John Barton Payne Collection: Given in Memory of his Wife and Mother to the Commonwealth of Virginia, 1921\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eExhibition file : John Barton Payne Collection of Paintings and Prints, Mar. 6-Apr. 25, 1936\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eDonors: Payne, John Barton\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eHistory: Early History of Museum: John Barton Payne and John Garland Pollard Correspondence about Planning the Museum (2 folders)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eHistory: Early History of Museum: John Barton Payne\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eVirginia Museum of Fine Arts Director's Correspondence, 1936-1976 (Accession 33863)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eVirginia Museum of Fine Arts Exhibition Files, 1936-1992 (Accession 31633)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eVirginia. Governor (1930-1934 : Pollard), Executive Papers, 1930-1934 (Accession 23344a)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e Virginia. Governor (1934-1938 : Peery), Executive Papers, 1934-1938 (Accession 23344b)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eJohn Barton Payne Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary (01/Mss. 39.1 P29)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eRecords of the American National Red Cross, 1881-2008, National Archives and Records Administration (5896716)\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Related Materials - VMFA Library: Books","Related Materials - VMFA Library: Exhibition Files","Related Materials - VMFA Library: Subject Files","Related Materials - Library of Virginia","Related Materials - Other Institutions"],"bibliography_tesim":["John Barton Payne : Patron of the Arts, 1994","Catalogue of the Judge John Barton Payne Sale: Rare and Valuable Household Adornments, Important Paintings, Diamond and Other Jewelry, Antique Silver, etc. at Public Auction, 1935","Memorial Number to John Barton Payne, 1935","An Address at the Unveiling of the Bust of Woodrow Wilson: Hall of the House of Delegates, State Capitol, Richmond, Virginia, 1931","The John Barton Payne Collection of Paintings, 1926","Catalogue of the Paintings in the John Barton Payne Collection: Given in Memory of his Wife and Mother to the Commonwealth of Virginia, 1921","Exhibition file : John Barton Payne Collection of Paintings and Prints, Mar. 6-Apr. 25, 1936","Donors: Payne, John Barton","History: Early History of Museum: John Barton Payne and John Garland Pollard Correspondence about Planning the Museum (2 folders)","History: Early History of Museum: John Barton Payne","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Director's Correspondence, 1936-1976 (Accession 33863)","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Exhibition Files, 1936-1992 (Accession 31633)","Virginia. Governor (1930-1934 : Pollard), Executive Papers, 1930-1934 (Accession 23344a)"," Virginia. Governor (1934-1938 : Peery), Executive Papers, 1934-1938 (Accession 23344b)","John Barton Payne Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary (01/Mss. 39.1 P29)","Records of the American National Red Cross, 1881-2008, National Archives and Records Administration (5896716)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOn January 16, 1936, the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts opened its doors for the first time. The occasion marked the culmination of more than sixteen years of effort that began in December 1919 with a gift of 51 artworks from Judge John Barton Payne. In spite of the Great Depression, Virginia Governor John Garland Pollard secured the support to meet Payne's $100,000 challenge grant, and the two men established the first state-run art museum in the United States.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePayne was born in Pruntytown, Virginia, in 1855, where his father, Dr. Amos Payne, had taken his family to establish a medical practice. In 1860, the family returned to the Payne homestead – a farm in Fauquier County, Virginia – and it was here that Payne spent his formative years. Payne taught himself law by reading each volume, one by one, of Blackstone's Commentaries and began his career as a lawyer in 1876, at age 21, when he was admitted to the Bar. In 1883, having completed his mayoral tenure in Kingwood, West Virginia, he moved to Chicago and attained considerable influence as a lawyer, judge, and philanthropist. He also started collecting art. Payne was engaged with the preeminent Art Institute of Chicago on a number of different levels, and it likely framed his idea of what an art museum should be – an educational and collecting institution for the benefit of the public.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBy 1914, with the outbreak of World War I, Payne was appointed to the U.S. Treasury Board of Appeals, serving as general counsel for both the Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation and the United States Railroad Administration. His principal role was as an arbitrator – a peace-keeper – during Wilson's and subsequent administrations. When World War I ended in 1918, Payne spent the next year helping to negotiate the nuances and politics of peace as the recently appointed Secretary of the Interior. He resigned his position in 1921 so that he could serve as chairman of the American Red Cross. Payne served at the helm of the Red Cross under four administrations, and until the end of his life.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn December of 1919, following the death of his second wife, Jennie Byrd Bryan Payne – who was an artist in her own right – and in honor of his mother, Elizabeth Barton Smith, Payne wrote to Virginia Governor Westmoreland Davis offering his collection of paintings to \"his mother,\" the Commonwealth of Virginia. The offer was passed by the Virginia legislature on February 20, 1920. To realize his vision, in 1932, Payne offered the Commonwealth a matching grant of $100,000 to construct an art museum. Incredibly, despite the Depression, Governor Pollard was able to match the grant. Construction took place between 1934 and 1936, and Payne and Pollard served consecutively as the institution's first and second presidents. But it was Payne's vision that established the museum's mission and set the course for the next century: a public-private partnership—the first state-run art museum in the United States; a collection based entirely of private philanthropy; and a community of people from every walk of life.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePayne died in 1935, a year before the museum opened from pneumonia contracted following an appendicitis attack and he was buried at Oak Hill Cemetery in Washington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eText by Dr. Susan J. Rawles, Associate Curator of American Painting and Decorative Art\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["On January 16, 1936, the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts opened its doors for the first time. The occasion marked the culmination of more than sixteen years of effort that began in December 1919 with a gift of 51 artworks from Judge John Barton Payne. In spite of the Great Depression, Virginia Governor John Garland Pollard secured the support to meet Payne's $100,000 challenge grant, and the two men established the first state-run art museum in the United States.","Payne was born in Pruntytown, Virginia, in 1855, where his father, Dr. Amos Payne, had taken his family to establish a medical practice. In 1860, the family returned to the Payne homestead – a farm in Fauquier County, Virginia – and it was here that Payne spent his formative years. Payne taught himself law by reading each volume, one by one, of Blackstone's Commentaries and began his career as a lawyer in 1876, at age 21, when he was admitted to the Bar. In 1883, having completed his mayoral tenure in Kingwood, West Virginia, he moved to Chicago and attained considerable influence as a lawyer, judge, and philanthropist. He also started collecting art. Payne was engaged with the preeminent Art Institute of Chicago on a number of different levels, and it likely framed his idea of what an art museum should be – an educational and collecting institution for the benefit of the public.","By 1914, with the outbreak of World War I, Payne was appointed to the U.S. Treasury Board of Appeals, serving as general counsel for both the Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation and the United States Railroad Administration. His principal role was as an arbitrator – a peace-keeper – during Wilson's and subsequent administrations. When World War I ended in 1918, Payne spent the next year helping to negotiate the nuances and politics of peace as the recently appointed Secretary of the Interior. He resigned his position in 1921 so that he could serve as chairman of the American Red Cross. Payne served at the helm of the Red Cross under four administrations, and until the end of his life.","In December of 1919, following the death of his second wife, Jennie Byrd Bryan Payne – who was an artist in her own right – and in honor of his mother, Elizabeth Barton Smith, Payne wrote to Virginia Governor Westmoreland Davis offering his collection of paintings to \"his mother,\" the Commonwealth of Virginia. The offer was passed by the Virginia legislature on February 20, 1920. To realize his vision, in 1932, Payne offered the Commonwealth a matching grant of $100,000 to construct an art museum. Incredibly, despite the Depression, Governor Pollard was able to match the grant. Construction took place between 1934 and 1936, and Payne and Pollard served consecutively as the institution's first and second presidents. But it was Payne's vision that established the museum's mission and set the course for the next century: a public-private partnership—the first state-run art museum in the United States; a collection based entirely of private philanthropy; and a community of people from every walk of life.","Payne died in 1935, a year before the museum opened from pneumonia contracted following an appendicitis attack and he was buried at Oak Hill Cemetery in Washington, D.C.","Text by Dr. Susan J. Rawles, Associate Curator of American Painting and Decorative Art"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was transferred from the Collections Department in 2018. The archives received a donation from John Payne, a descendant of John Barton Payne, on September 30, 2022. The donation was added to the collection in 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["The collection was transferred from the Collections Department in 2018. The archives received a donation from John Payne, a descendant of John Barton Payne, on September 30, 2022. The donation was added to the collection in 2023."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection's inclusive dates are 1881-1938, with the bulk of the material dating from 1904-1932. The digital collection is comprised of correspondence, lyrics, newspaper clippings, photographs, and travel documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series includes Payne's United States Railroad Administration rail pass (\"Number 6\") from 1919.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains financial documents pertaining to John Barton Payne's estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains financial documents pertaining to John Barton Payne's estate.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection's inclusive dates are 1881-1938, with the bulk of the material dating from 1904-1932. The digital collection is comprised of correspondence, lyrics, newspaper clippings, photographs, and travel documents.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series includes Payne's United States Railroad Administration rail pass (\"Number 6\") from 1919.","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains financial documents pertaining to John Barton Payne's estate.","Series level description: This series contains financial documents pertaining to John Barton Payne's estate."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is subject to all copyright laws. 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Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_67f65ca4a64a065147655bbf84e53a71\"\u003eThe collection documents parts of John Barton Payne's varied professional career. It contains correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson and federal agencies including the White House, Senate, House of Representatives, and Postmaster General, as well letters from Payne's former employer, invitations, letters of thanks, and requests from private entities. The collection also contains photographs from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park, but also a photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC).\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection documents parts of John Barton Payne's varied professional career. It contains correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson and federal agencies including the White House, Senate, House of Representatives, and Postmaster General, as well letters from Payne's former employer, invitations, letters of thanks, and requests from private entities. The collection also contains photographs from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park, but also a photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC)."],"names_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","St. Louis star","Washington post (Washington, D.C. : 1974)","United States. Federal Railroad Administration","Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏","Wilson, Woodrow, 1856-1924","Wilson, Edith Bolling Galt, 1872-1961","Daniels, Josephus, 1862-1948","McAdoo, W. G. (William Gibbs), 1863-1941","Alderman, Edwin Anderson, 1861-1931","Pollard, John Garland, 1871-1937","Baker, Newton Diehl, 1871-1937","Fall, Albert B. (Albert Bacon), 1861-1944","Crane, Frank, 1861-1928"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","St. Louis star","Washington post (Washington, D.C. : 1974)","United States. Federal Railroad Administration"],"names_coll_ssim":["Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏"],"persname_ssim":["Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏","Wilson, Woodrow, 1856-1924","Wilson, Edith Bolling Galt, 1872-1961","Daniels, Josephus, 1862-1948","McAdoo, W. G. (William Gibbs), 1863-1941","Alderman, Edwin Anderson, 1861-1931","Pollard, John Garland, 1871-1937","Baker, Newton Diehl, 1871-1937","Fall, Albert B. (Albert Bacon), 1861-1944","Crane, Frank, 1861-1928"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":88,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T03:43:00.006Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_198","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_198","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_198","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_198","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMFA/repositories_2_resources_198.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.vmfa.museum/repositories/2/resources/198","title_filing_ssi":"Payne, John Barton (SC-31)","title_ssm":["John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31)"],"title_tesim":["John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1881-1938, undated"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1881-1938, undated"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC-31","/repositories/2/resources/198"],"text":["SC-31","/repositories/2/resources/198","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31)","Yellowstone National Park (Agency : U.S.)","Washburn, Mount (Wyo.)","Seattle (Wash.)","Washington (D.C.)","St. Louis (Mo.)","Chicago (Ill.)","Richmond (Va.)","New York (N.Y.)","Charlottesville (Va.)","York Harbor (Me.)","Alaskan Engineering Commission","The collection is open for research. The digital collection can be accessed through the  VMFA Collections Search website .","The collection is organized into five series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.","Series 1 Correspondence, 1904-1938, undated Series 2 Published Materials, 1881-1926, undated Series 3 Travel Documents, 1919 Series 4 Photographic Materials, 1920, undated Series 5 Financial Documents, 1934-1935","John Barton Payne : Patron of the Arts, 1994","Catalogue of the Judge John Barton Payne Sale: Rare and Valuable Household Adornments, Important Paintings, Diamond and Other Jewelry, Antique Silver, etc. at Public Auction, 1935","Memorial Number to John Barton Payne, 1935","An Address at the Unveiling of the Bust of Woodrow Wilson: Hall of the House of Delegates, State Capitol, Richmond, Virginia, 1931","The John Barton Payne Collection of Paintings, 1926","Catalogue of the Paintings in the John Barton Payne Collection: Given in Memory of his Wife and Mother to the Commonwealth of Virginia, 1921","Exhibition file : John Barton Payne Collection of Paintings and Prints, Mar. 6-Apr. 25, 1936","Donors: Payne, John Barton","History: Early History of Museum: John Barton Payne and John Garland Pollard Correspondence about Planning the Museum (2 folders)","History: Early History of Museum: John Barton Payne","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Director's Correspondence, 1936-1976 (Accession 33863)","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Exhibition Files, 1936-1992 (Accession 31633)","Virginia. Governor (1930-1934 : Pollard), Executive Papers, 1930-1934 (Accession 23344a)"," Virginia. Governor (1934-1938 : Peery), Executive Papers, 1934-1938 (Accession 23344b)","John Barton Payne Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary (01/Mss. 39.1 P29)","Records of the American National Red Cross, 1881-2008, National Archives and Records Administration (5896716)","On January 16, 1936, the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts opened its doors for the first time. The occasion marked the culmination of more than sixteen years of effort that began in December 1919 with a gift of 51 artworks from Judge John Barton Payne. In spite of the Great Depression, Virginia Governor John Garland Pollard secured the support to meet Payne's $100,000 challenge grant, and the two men established the first state-run art museum in the United States.","Payne was born in Pruntytown, Virginia, in 1855, where his father, Dr. Amos Payne, had taken his family to establish a medical practice. In 1860, the family returned to the Payne homestead – a farm in Fauquier County, Virginia – and it was here that Payne spent his formative years. Payne taught himself law by reading each volume, one by one, of Blackstone's Commentaries and began his career as a lawyer in 1876, at age 21, when he was admitted to the Bar. In 1883, having completed his mayoral tenure in Kingwood, West Virginia, he moved to Chicago and attained considerable influence as a lawyer, judge, and philanthropist. He also started collecting art. Payne was engaged with the preeminent Art Institute of Chicago on a number of different levels, and it likely framed his idea of what an art museum should be – an educational and collecting institution for the benefit of the public.","By 1914, with the outbreak of World War I, Payne was appointed to the U.S. Treasury Board of Appeals, serving as general counsel for both the Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation and the United States Railroad Administration. His principal role was as an arbitrator – a peace-keeper – during Wilson's and subsequent administrations. When World War I ended in 1918, Payne spent the next year helping to negotiate the nuances and politics of peace as the recently appointed Secretary of the Interior. He resigned his position in 1921 so that he could serve as chairman of the American Red Cross. Payne served at the helm of the Red Cross under four administrations, and until the end of his life.","In December of 1919, following the death of his second wife, Jennie Byrd Bryan Payne – who was an artist in her own right – and in honor of his mother, Elizabeth Barton Smith, Payne wrote to Virginia Governor Westmoreland Davis offering his collection of paintings to \"his mother,\" the Commonwealth of Virginia. The offer was passed by the Virginia legislature on February 20, 1920. To realize his vision, in 1932, Payne offered the Commonwealth a matching grant of $100,000 to construct an art museum. Incredibly, despite the Depression, Governor Pollard was able to match the grant. Construction took place between 1934 and 1936, and Payne and Pollard served consecutively as the institution's first and second presidents. But it was Payne's vision that established the museum's mission and set the course for the next century: a public-private partnership—the first state-run art museum in the United States; a collection based entirely of private philanthropy; and a community of people from every walk of life.","Payne died in 1935, a year before the museum opened from pneumonia contracted following an appendicitis attack and he was buried at Oak Hill Cemetery in Washington, D.C.","Text by Dr. Susan J. Rawles, Associate Curator of American Painting and Decorative Art","The collection was transferred from the Collections Department in 2018. The archives received a donation from John Payne, a descendant of John Barton Payne, on September 30, 2022. The donation was added to the collection in 2023.","The collection's inclusive dates are 1881-1938, with the bulk of the material dating from 1904-1932. The digital collection is comprised of correspondence, lyrics, newspaper clippings, photographs, and travel documents.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series includes Payne's United States Railroad Administration rail pass (\"Number 6\") from 1919.","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains financial documents pertaining to John Barton Payne's estate.","Series level description: This series contains financial documents pertaining to John Barton Payne's estate.","The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","The collection documents parts of John Barton Payne's varied professional career. It contains correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson and federal agencies including the White House, Senate, House of Representatives, and Postmaster General, as well letters from Payne's former employer, invitations, letters of thanks, and requests from private entities. The collection also contains photographs from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park, but also a photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC).","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","St. Louis star","Washington post (Washington, D.C. : 1974)","United States. Federal Railroad Administration","Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏","Wilson, Woodrow, 1856-1924","Wilson, Edith Bolling Galt, 1872-1961","Daniels, Josephus, 1862-1948","McAdoo, W. G. (William Gibbs), 1863-1941","Alderman, Edwin Anderson, 1861-1931","Pollard, John Garland, 1871-1937","Baker, Newton Diehl, 1871-1937","Fall, Albert B. (Albert Bacon), 1861-1944","Crane, Frank, 1861-1928","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["SC-31","/repositories/2/resources/198"],"normalized_title_ssm":["John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31)"],"collection_title_tesim":["John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31)"],"collection_ssim":["John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31)"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"geogname_ssm":["Yellowstone National Park (Agency : U.S.)","Washburn, Mount (Wyo.)","Seattle (Wash.)","Washington (D.C.)","St. Louis (Mo.)","Chicago (Ill.)","Richmond (Va.)","New York (N.Y.)","Charlottesville (Va.)","York Harbor (Me.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Yellowstone National Park (Agency : U.S.)","Washburn, Mount (Wyo.)","Seattle (Wash.)","Washington (D.C.)","St. Louis (Mo.)","Chicago (Ill.)","Richmond (Va.)","New York (N.Y.)","Charlottesville (Va.)","York Harbor (Me.)"],"creator_ssm":["Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏","Wilson, Woodrow, 1856-1924","Wilson, Edith Bolling Galt, 1872-1961","Daniels, Josephus, 1862-1948","McAdoo, W. G. (William Gibbs), 1863-1941","Alderman, Edwin Anderson, 1861-1931"],"creator_ssim":["Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏","Wilson, Woodrow, 1856-1924","Wilson, Edith Bolling Galt, 1872-1961","Daniels, Josephus, 1862-1948","McAdoo, W. G. (William Gibbs), 1863-1941","Alderman, Edwin Anderson, 1861-1931"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏","Wilson, Woodrow, 1856-1924","Wilson, Edith Bolling Galt, 1872-1961","Daniels, Josephus, 1862-1948","McAdoo, W. G. (William Gibbs), 1863-1941","Alderman, Edwin Anderson, 1861-1931"],"creators_ssim":["Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏","Wilson, Woodrow, 1856-1924","Wilson, Edith Bolling Galt, 1872-1961","Daniels, Josephus, 1862-1948","McAdoo, W. G. (William Gibbs), 1863-1941","Alderman, Edwin Anderson, 1861-1931"],"places_ssim":["Yellowstone National Park (Agency : U.S.)","Washburn, Mount (Wyo.)","Seattle (Wash.)","Washington (D.C.)","St. Louis (Mo.)","Chicago (Ill.)","Richmond (Va.)","New York (N.Y.)","Charlottesville (Va.)","York Harbor (Me.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Alaskan Engineering Commission"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Alaskan Engineering Commission"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.4 Linear Feet 1 box; 10 folders; 73 items"],"extent_tesim":["0.4 Linear Feet 1 box; 10 folders; 73 items"],"date_range_isim":[1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research. The digital collection can be accessed through the \u003ca href=\"https://www.vmfa.museum/wp-subsite/archives/john-barton-payne-personal-papers-sc-31/\"\u003eVMFA Collections Search website\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research. The digital collection can be accessed through the  VMFA Collections Search website ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into five series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 1\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eCorrespondence, 1904-1938, undated\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 2\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003ePublished Materials, 1881-1926, undated\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 3\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eTravel Documents, 1919\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 4\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003ePhotographic Materials, 1920, undated\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 5\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eFinancial Documents, 1934-1935\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into five series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.","Series 1 Correspondence, 1904-1938, undated Series 2 Published Materials, 1881-1926, undated Series 3 Travel Documents, 1919 Series 4 Photographic Materials, 1920, undated Series 5 Financial Documents, 1934-1935"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eJohn Barton Payne : Patron of the Arts, 1994\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eCatalogue of the Judge John Barton Payne Sale: Rare and Valuable Household Adornments, Important Paintings, Diamond and Other Jewelry, Antique Silver, etc. at Public Auction, 1935\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eMemorial Number to John Barton Payne, 1935\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eAn Address at the Unveiling of the Bust of Woodrow Wilson: Hall of the House of Delegates, State Capitol, Richmond, Virginia, 1931\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eThe John Barton Payne Collection of Paintings, 1926\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eCatalogue of the Paintings in the John Barton Payne Collection: Given in Memory of his Wife and Mother to the Commonwealth of Virginia, 1921\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eExhibition file : John Barton Payne Collection of Paintings and Prints, Mar. 6-Apr. 25, 1936\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eDonors: Payne, John Barton\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eHistory: Early History of Museum: John Barton Payne and John Garland Pollard Correspondence about Planning the Museum (2 folders)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eHistory: Early History of Museum: John Barton Payne\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eVirginia Museum of Fine Arts Director's Correspondence, 1936-1976 (Accession 33863)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eVirginia Museum of Fine Arts Exhibition Files, 1936-1992 (Accession 31633)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eVirginia. Governor (1930-1934 : Pollard), Executive Papers, 1930-1934 (Accession 23344a)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e Virginia. Governor (1934-1938 : Peery), Executive Papers, 1934-1938 (Accession 23344b)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eJohn Barton Payne Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary (01/Mss. 39.1 P29)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eRecords of the American National Red Cross, 1881-2008, National Archives and Records Administration (5896716)\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Related Materials - VMFA Library: Books","Related Materials - VMFA Library: Exhibition Files","Related Materials - VMFA Library: Subject Files","Related Materials - Library of Virginia","Related Materials - Other Institutions"],"bibliography_tesim":["John Barton Payne : Patron of the Arts, 1994","Catalogue of the Judge John Barton Payne Sale: Rare and Valuable Household Adornments, Important Paintings, Diamond and Other Jewelry, Antique Silver, etc. at Public Auction, 1935","Memorial Number to John Barton Payne, 1935","An Address at the Unveiling of the Bust of Woodrow Wilson: Hall of the House of Delegates, State Capitol, Richmond, Virginia, 1931","The John Barton Payne Collection of Paintings, 1926","Catalogue of the Paintings in the John Barton Payne Collection: Given in Memory of his Wife and Mother to the Commonwealth of Virginia, 1921","Exhibition file : John Barton Payne Collection of Paintings and Prints, Mar. 6-Apr. 25, 1936","Donors: Payne, John Barton","History: Early History of Museum: John Barton Payne and John Garland Pollard Correspondence about Planning the Museum (2 folders)","History: Early History of Museum: John Barton Payne","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Director's Correspondence, 1936-1976 (Accession 33863)","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Exhibition Files, 1936-1992 (Accession 31633)","Virginia. Governor (1930-1934 : Pollard), Executive Papers, 1930-1934 (Accession 23344a)"," Virginia. Governor (1934-1938 : Peery), Executive Papers, 1934-1938 (Accession 23344b)","John Barton Payne Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary (01/Mss. 39.1 P29)","Records of the American National Red Cross, 1881-2008, National Archives and Records Administration (5896716)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOn January 16, 1936, the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts opened its doors for the first time. The occasion marked the culmination of more than sixteen years of effort that began in December 1919 with a gift of 51 artworks from Judge John Barton Payne. In spite of the Great Depression, Virginia Governor John Garland Pollard secured the support to meet Payne's $100,000 challenge grant, and the two men established the first state-run art museum in the United States.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePayne was born in Pruntytown, Virginia, in 1855, where his father, Dr. Amos Payne, had taken his family to establish a medical practice. In 1860, the family returned to the Payne homestead – a farm in Fauquier County, Virginia – and it was here that Payne spent his formative years. Payne taught himself law by reading each volume, one by one, of Blackstone's Commentaries and began his career as a lawyer in 1876, at age 21, when he was admitted to the Bar. In 1883, having completed his mayoral tenure in Kingwood, West Virginia, he moved to Chicago and attained considerable influence as a lawyer, judge, and philanthropist. He also started collecting art. Payne was engaged with the preeminent Art Institute of Chicago on a number of different levels, and it likely framed his idea of what an art museum should be – an educational and collecting institution for the benefit of the public.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBy 1914, with the outbreak of World War I, Payne was appointed to the U.S. Treasury Board of Appeals, serving as general counsel for both the Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation and the United States Railroad Administration. His principal role was as an arbitrator – a peace-keeper – during Wilson's and subsequent administrations. When World War I ended in 1918, Payne spent the next year helping to negotiate the nuances and politics of peace as the recently appointed Secretary of the Interior. He resigned his position in 1921 so that he could serve as chairman of the American Red Cross. Payne served at the helm of the Red Cross under four administrations, and until the end of his life.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn December of 1919, following the death of his second wife, Jennie Byrd Bryan Payne – who was an artist in her own right – and in honor of his mother, Elizabeth Barton Smith, Payne wrote to Virginia Governor Westmoreland Davis offering his collection of paintings to \"his mother,\" the Commonwealth of Virginia. The offer was passed by the Virginia legislature on February 20, 1920. To realize his vision, in 1932, Payne offered the Commonwealth a matching grant of $100,000 to construct an art museum. Incredibly, despite the Depression, Governor Pollard was able to match the grant. Construction took place between 1934 and 1936, and Payne and Pollard served consecutively as the institution's first and second presidents. But it was Payne's vision that established the museum's mission and set the course for the next century: a public-private partnership—the first state-run art museum in the United States; a collection based entirely of private philanthropy; and a community of people from every walk of life.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePayne died in 1935, a year before the museum opened from pneumonia contracted following an appendicitis attack and he was buried at Oak Hill Cemetery in Washington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eText by Dr. Susan J. Rawles, Associate Curator of American Painting and Decorative Art\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["On January 16, 1936, the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts opened its doors for the first time. The occasion marked the culmination of more than sixteen years of effort that began in December 1919 with a gift of 51 artworks from Judge John Barton Payne. In spite of the Great Depression, Virginia Governor John Garland Pollard secured the support to meet Payne's $100,000 challenge grant, and the two men established the first state-run art museum in the United States.","Payne was born in Pruntytown, Virginia, in 1855, where his father, Dr. Amos Payne, had taken his family to establish a medical practice. In 1860, the family returned to the Payne homestead – a farm in Fauquier County, Virginia – and it was here that Payne spent his formative years. Payne taught himself law by reading each volume, one by one, of Blackstone's Commentaries and began his career as a lawyer in 1876, at age 21, when he was admitted to the Bar. In 1883, having completed his mayoral tenure in Kingwood, West Virginia, he moved to Chicago and attained considerable influence as a lawyer, judge, and philanthropist. He also started collecting art. Payne was engaged with the preeminent Art Institute of Chicago on a number of different levels, and it likely framed his idea of what an art museum should be – an educational and collecting institution for the benefit of the public.","By 1914, with the outbreak of World War I, Payne was appointed to the U.S. Treasury Board of Appeals, serving as general counsel for both the Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation and the United States Railroad Administration. His principal role was as an arbitrator – a peace-keeper – during Wilson's and subsequent administrations. When World War I ended in 1918, Payne spent the next year helping to negotiate the nuances and politics of peace as the recently appointed Secretary of the Interior. He resigned his position in 1921 so that he could serve as chairman of the American Red Cross. Payne served at the helm of the Red Cross under four administrations, and until the end of his life.","In December of 1919, following the death of his second wife, Jennie Byrd Bryan Payne – who was an artist in her own right – and in honor of his mother, Elizabeth Barton Smith, Payne wrote to Virginia Governor Westmoreland Davis offering his collection of paintings to \"his mother,\" the Commonwealth of Virginia. The offer was passed by the Virginia legislature on February 20, 1920. To realize his vision, in 1932, Payne offered the Commonwealth a matching grant of $100,000 to construct an art museum. Incredibly, despite the Depression, Governor Pollard was able to match the grant. Construction took place between 1934 and 1936, and Payne and Pollard served consecutively as the institution's first and second presidents. But it was Payne's vision that established the museum's mission and set the course for the next century: a public-private partnership—the first state-run art museum in the United States; a collection based entirely of private philanthropy; and a community of people from every walk of life.","Payne died in 1935, a year before the museum opened from pneumonia contracted following an appendicitis attack and he was buried at Oak Hill Cemetery in Washington, D.C.","Text by Dr. Susan J. Rawles, Associate Curator of American Painting and Decorative Art"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was transferred from the Collections Department in 2018. The archives received a donation from John Payne, a descendant of John Barton Payne, on September 30, 2022. The donation was added to the collection in 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["The collection was transferred from the Collections Department in 2018. The archives received a donation from John Payne, a descendant of John Barton Payne, on September 30, 2022. The donation was added to the collection in 2023."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection's inclusive dates are 1881-1938, with the bulk of the material dating from 1904-1932. The digital collection is comprised of correspondence, lyrics, newspaper clippings, photographs, and travel documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series includes Payne's United States Railroad Administration rail pass (\"Number 6\") from 1919.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains financial documents pertaining to John Barton Payne's estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains financial documents pertaining to John Barton Payne's estate.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection's inclusive dates are 1881-1938, with the bulk of the material dating from 1904-1932. The digital collection is comprised of correspondence, lyrics, newspaper clippings, photographs, and travel documents.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series includes Payne's United States Railroad Administration rail pass (\"Number 6\") from 1919.","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains financial documents pertaining to John Barton Payne's estate.","Series level description: This series contains financial documents pertaining to John Barton Payne's estate."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is subject to all copyright laws. 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Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_67f65ca4a64a065147655bbf84e53a71\"\u003eThe collection documents parts of John Barton Payne's varied professional career. It contains correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson and federal agencies including the White House, Senate, House of Representatives, and Postmaster General, as well letters from Payne's former employer, invitations, letters of thanks, and requests from private entities. The collection also contains photographs from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park, but also a photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC).\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection documents parts of John Barton Payne's varied professional career. It contains correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson and federal agencies including the White House, Senate, House of Representatives, and Postmaster General, as well letters from Payne's former employer, invitations, letters of thanks, and requests from private entities. The collection also contains photographs from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park, but also a photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC)."],"names_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","St. Louis star","Washington post (Washington, D.C. : 1974)","United States. Federal Railroad Administration","Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏","Wilson, Woodrow, 1856-1924","Wilson, Edith Bolling Galt, 1872-1961","Daniels, Josephus, 1862-1948","McAdoo, W. G. (William Gibbs), 1863-1941","Alderman, Edwin Anderson, 1861-1931","Pollard, John Garland, 1871-1937","Baker, Newton Diehl, 1871-1937","Fall, Albert B. (Albert Bacon), 1861-1944","Crane, Frank, 1861-1928"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","St. Louis star","Washington post (Washington, D.C. : 1974)","United States. Federal Railroad Administration"],"names_coll_ssim":["Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏"],"persname_ssim":["Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏","Wilson, Woodrow, 1856-1924","Wilson, Edith Bolling Galt, 1872-1961","Daniels, Josephus, 1862-1948","McAdoo, W. G. (William Gibbs), 1863-1941","Alderman, Edwin Anderson, 1861-1931","Pollard, John Garland, 1871-1937","Baker, Newton Diehl, 1871-1937","Fall, Albert B. (Albert Bacon), 1861-1944","Crane, Frank, 1861-1928"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":88,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T03:43:00.006Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_198"}},{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_38","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Pierre Sanchez Collection of Horace Vernet Graphic Works (SC-28)","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_38#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Sanchez, Pierre, 1963-","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_38#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection was assembled by the French scholar Pierre Sanchez, who collected hundreds of lithographs by Horace Vernet (1789-1863) to write the catalogue raissoné of Vernet's lithographic work. The largest privately owned collection of Vernet's graphic works, the collection is comprised of three unpublished volumes of over 300 works, as well as eight loose prints, one poster, and one letter.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_38#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_38","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_38","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_38","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_38","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMFA/repositories_2_resources_38.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.vmfa.museum/repositories/2/resources/38","title_filing_ssi":"Vernet, Horace (SC-28)","title_ssm":["Pierre Sanchez Collection of Horace Vernet Graphic Works (SC-28)"],"title_tesim":["Pierre Sanchez Collection of Horace Vernet Graphic Works (SC-28)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1816-1838, 1996"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1816-1838, 1996"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC-28","/repositories/2/resources/38"],"text":["SC-28","/repositories/2/resources/38","Pierre Sanchez Collection of Horace Vernet Graphic Works (SC-28)","Lithography, French -- 19th century","The collection is open for research.","The collection is organized into three series, and items are arranged chronologically within each series.","Series 1 Prints, 1816-1838 Series 2 Posters, 1996 Series 3 Correspondence, undated","Quelques idées sur les troupes a cheval de France, et principalement sur la cavalerie légère / par R. de Bourge (1817)","Sylla: tragédie en cinq actes / par E. Jouy (1822)","Catalogue de l'oeuvre lithographique de Mr. J.E. Horace Vernet (1826)","Horace Vernet: dessinateur lithographe, 1816-1838: catalogue raisonné de l'œuvre lithographié (2016)","Horace Vernet: incroyables et merveilleuses: Paris, 1810-1818 (1955)","Catalogue des tableaux anciens des écoles primitives et de la Renaissance et des écoles flamande, française, hollandaise et italienne des XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles (1911)","Les Vernet: Joseph, Carle, Horace (1898)","Artist File: Horace Vernet","Pierre Sanchez, born in 1963, is a French scholar who assembled hundreds of lithographs by Horace Vernet (1789-1863) between 1995 to 2006 in order to write the catalogue raissoné of Vernet's lithographic work. Drawing upon public and private collections, and completing the work of Louis-Maurice Bruzard (1826) and Henri Beraldi (1885-1891), the complete catalog presents the artist's 237 original lithographs, in various states of edition, as well as two etchings. ","The son of famed painter Carle Vernet, and a friend and disciple of Theodore Géricault, Émile Jean-Horace Vernet was primarily known as a French painter of battles, soldiers, and commissioned portraits, working for both Louis-Philippe I and Napoléon Bonaparte. However, Horace and his father were among the first artists to experiment with lithography and market their images to printers. Regardless of Charles Baudelaire, Horace Vernet is much more \"than a soldier who does painting,\" and his lithographs showcase his pioneering talent.","(The above information was taken from  Dessin Original  and  Horace Vernet .)","Originally collected by Pierre Sanchez, this was the largest privately owned collection of Horace Vernet's graphic works. VMFA purchased it from Alan Wofsy Fine Arts LLC in June 2017.","Sanchez print 22","Sanchez print 28","Sanchez print 95","Sanchez print 144","Sanchez print 145","Sanchez print 235","By Nicolas Toussaint Charlet","Print 51a was removed by Paper Conservator Samantha Sheesley on May 30, 2019 to receive conservation treatment. The print was returned to the Archives on September 6, 2019.","Print was taken by Paper Conservator Samantha Sheesley on May 30, 2019 to receive conservation treatment. Print was returned to Archives on September 6, 2019.","Print was taken by Paper Conservator Samantha Sheesley on May 30, 2019 to receive conservation treatment. Print was returned to the Archives on September 6, 2019.","The collection's inclusive dates are 1816-1996, with the bulk of the material dating from 1818-1824. The collection is comprised of unpublished volumes, prints, and a poster. One loose print is by Nicolas Toussaint Charlet, otherwise all of the prints are by Vernet.","This series is comprised of 4 bound volumes, containing 302 Horace Vernet lithographs, and 7 loose prints, including 6 lithographs by Vernet and 1 lithograph by Nicolas Toussaint Charlet.","This series is comprised of one poster advertising a Piranesi exhibition curated by Pierre and Véronique Sanchez-Dufief.","This series is comprised of one letter written to Véronique Sanchez-Dufief.","The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.","The collection was assembled by the French scholar Pierre Sanchez, who collected hundreds of lithographs by Horace Vernet (1789-1863) to write the catalogue raissoné of Vernet's lithographic work. The largest privately owned collection of Vernet's graphic works, the collection is comprised of three unpublished volumes of over 300 works, as well as eight loose prints, one poster, and one letter.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Alan Wofsy Fine Arts","Sanchez, Pierre, 1963-","Vernet, Horace, 1789-1863","Charlet, Nicolas-Toussaint, 1792-1845","French \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["SC-28","/repositories/2/resources/38"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Pierre Sanchez Collection of Horace Vernet Graphic Works (SC-28)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Pierre Sanchez Collection of Horace Vernet Graphic Works (SC-28)"],"collection_ssim":["Pierre Sanchez Collection of Horace Vernet Graphic Works (SC-28)"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"creator_ssm":["Sanchez, Pierre, 1963-","Alan Wofsy Fine Arts","Vernet, Horace, 1789-1863","Charlet, Nicolas-Toussaint, 1792-1845"],"creator_ssim":["Sanchez, Pierre, 1963-","Alan Wofsy Fine Arts","Vernet, Horace, 1789-1863","Charlet, Nicolas-Toussaint, 1792-1845"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Sanchez, Pierre, 1963-","Vernet, Horace, 1789-1863","Charlet, Nicolas-Toussaint, 1792-1845"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Alan Wofsy Fine Arts"],"creators_ssim":["Sanchez, Pierre, 1963-","Vernet, Horace, 1789-1863","Charlet, Nicolas-Toussaint, 1792-1845","Alan Wofsy Fine Arts"],"access_terms_ssm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Lithography, French -- 19th century"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Lithography, French -- 19th century"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.5 Linear Feet 13 items (4 volumes, 7 prints, 1 poster, and 1 letter)"],"extent_tesim":["0.5 Linear Feet 13 items (4 volumes, 7 prints, 1 poster, and 1 letter)"],"date_range_isim":[1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into three series, and items are arranged chronologically within each series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 1\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003ePrints, 1816-1838\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 2\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003ePosters, 1996\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 3\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eCorrespondence, undated\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into three series, and items are arranged chronologically within each series.","Series 1 Prints, 1816-1838 Series 2 Posters, 1996 Series 3 Correspondence, undated"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eQuelques idées sur les troupes a cheval de France, et principalement sur la cavalerie légère / par R. de Bourge (1817)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eSylla: tragédie en cinq actes / par E. Jouy (1822)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eCatalogue de l'oeuvre lithographique de Mr. J.E. Horace Vernet (1826)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eHorace Vernet: dessinateur lithographe, 1816-1838: catalogue raisonné de l'œuvre lithographié (2016)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eHorace Vernet: incroyables et merveilleuses: Paris, 1810-1818 (1955)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eCatalogue des tableaux anciens des écoles primitives et de la Renaissance et des écoles flamande, française, hollandaise et italienne des XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles (1911)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eLes Vernet: Joseph, Carle, Horace (1898)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eArtist File: Horace Vernet\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Related Materials - VMFA Library: Pierre Sanchez Collection","Related Materials - VMFA Library: Catalogs","Related Materials - VMFA Library: Artist File"],"bibliography_tesim":["Quelques idées sur les troupes a cheval de France, et principalement sur la cavalerie légère / par R. de Bourge (1817)","Sylla: tragédie en cinq actes / par E. Jouy (1822)","Catalogue de l'oeuvre lithographique de Mr. J.E. Horace Vernet (1826)","Horace Vernet: dessinateur lithographe, 1816-1838: catalogue raisonné de l'œuvre lithographié (2016)","Horace Vernet: incroyables et merveilleuses: Paris, 1810-1818 (1955)","Catalogue des tableaux anciens des écoles primitives et de la Renaissance et des écoles flamande, française, hollandaise et italienne des XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles (1911)","Les Vernet: Joseph, Carle, Horace (1898)","Artist File: Horace Vernet"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePierre Sanchez, born in 1963, is a French scholar who assembled hundreds of lithographs by Horace Vernet (1789-1863) between 1995 to 2006 in order to write the catalogue raissoné of Vernet's lithographic work. Drawing upon public and private collections, and completing the work of Louis-Maurice Bruzard (1826) and Henri Beraldi (1885-1891), the complete catalog presents the artist's 237 original lithographs, in various states of edition, as well as two etchings. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe son of famed painter Carle Vernet, and a friend and disciple of Theodore Géricault, Émile Jean-Horace Vernet was primarily known as a French painter of battles, soldiers, and commissioned portraits, working for both Louis-Philippe I and Napoléon Bonaparte. However, Horace and his father were among the first artists to experiment with lithography and market their images to printers. Regardless of Charles Baudelaire, Horace Vernet is much more \"than a soldier who does painting,\" and his lithographs showcase his pioneering talent.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e(The above information was taken from \u003ca href=\"https://www.dessinoriginal.com/en/catalogues-raisonnes/7869-horace-vernet-dessinateur-lithographe-catalogue-raisonne-de-son-oeuvre-lithographie-9782359680737.html\"\u003eDessin Original\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nga.gov/content/ngaweb/Collection/artist-info.3284.html\"\u003eHorace Vernet\u003c/a\u003e.)\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Pierre Sanchez, born in 1963, is a French scholar who assembled hundreds of lithographs by Horace Vernet (1789-1863) between 1995 to 2006 in order to write the catalogue raissoné of Vernet's lithographic work. Drawing upon public and private collections, and completing the work of Louis-Maurice Bruzard (1826) and Henri Beraldi (1885-1891), the complete catalog presents the artist's 237 original lithographs, in various states of edition, as well as two etchings. ","The son of famed painter Carle Vernet, and a friend and disciple of Theodore Géricault, Émile Jean-Horace Vernet was primarily known as a French painter of battles, soldiers, and commissioned portraits, working for both Louis-Philippe I and Napoléon Bonaparte. However, Horace and his father were among the first artists to experiment with lithography and market their images to printers. Regardless of Charles Baudelaire, Horace Vernet is much more \"than a soldier who does painting,\" and his lithographs showcase his pioneering talent.","(The above information was taken from  Dessin Original  and  Horace Vernet .)"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOriginally collected by Pierre Sanchez, this was the largest privately owned collection of Horace Vernet's graphic works. VMFA purchased it from Alan Wofsy Fine Arts LLC in June 2017.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Originally collected by Pierre Sanchez, this was the largest privately owned collection of Horace Vernet's graphic works. VMFA purchased it from Alan Wofsy Fine Arts LLC in June 2017."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSanchez print 22\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSanchez print 28\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSanchez print 95\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSanchez print 144\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSanchez print 145\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSanchez print 235\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy Nicolas Toussaint Charlet\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Notes","Notes","General","General","General","General","General"],"odd_tesim":["Sanchez print 22","Sanchez print 28","Sanchez print 95","Sanchez print 144","Sanchez print 145","Sanchez print 235","By Nicolas Toussaint Charlet"],"originalsloc_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePrint 51a was removed by Paper Conservator Samantha Sheesley on May 30, 2019 to receive conservation treatment. The print was returned to the Archives on September 6, 2019.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrint was taken by Paper Conservator Samantha Sheesley on May 30, 2019 to receive conservation treatment. Print was returned to Archives on September 6, 2019.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrint was taken by Paper Conservator Samantha Sheesley on May 30, 2019 to receive conservation treatment. Print was returned to the Archives on September 6, 2019.\u003c/p\u003e"],"originalsloc_heading_ssm":["Conservation History","Conservation History","Conservation History"],"originalsloc_tesim":["Print 51a was removed by Paper Conservator Samantha Sheesley on May 30, 2019 to receive conservation treatment. The print was returned to the Archives on September 6, 2019.","Print was taken by Paper Conservator Samantha Sheesley on May 30, 2019 to receive conservation treatment. Print was returned to Archives on September 6, 2019.","Print was taken by Paper Conservator Samantha Sheesley on May 30, 2019 to receive conservation treatment. Print was returned to the Archives on September 6, 2019."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePierre Sanchez Collection of Horace Vernet Graphic Works (SC-28). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Pierre Sanchez Collection of Horace Vernet Graphic Works (SC-28). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection's inclusive dates are 1816-1996, with the bulk of the material dating from 1818-1824. The collection is comprised of unpublished volumes, prints, and a poster. One loose print is by Nicolas Toussaint Charlet, otherwise all of the prints are by Vernet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is comprised of 4 bound volumes, containing 302 Horace Vernet lithographs, and 7 loose prints, including 6 lithographs by Vernet and 1 lithograph by Nicolas Toussaint Charlet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is comprised of one poster advertising a Piranesi exhibition curated by Pierre and Véronique Sanchez-Dufief.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is comprised of one letter written to Véronique Sanchez-Dufief.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Series Description","Series Description","Series Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection's inclusive dates are 1816-1996, with the bulk of the material dating from 1818-1824. The collection is comprised of unpublished volumes, prints, and a poster. One loose print is by Nicolas Toussaint Charlet, otherwise all of the prints are by Vernet.","This series is comprised of 4 bound volumes, containing 302 Horace Vernet lithographs, and 7 loose prints, including 6 lithographs by Vernet and 1 lithograph by Nicolas Toussaint Charlet.","This series is comprised of one poster advertising a Piranesi exhibition curated by Pierre and Véronique Sanchez-Dufief.","This series is comprised of one letter written to Véronique Sanchez-Dufief."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_cde71f482c2213258ca9bcc8dafeaa33\"\u003eThe collection was assembled by the French scholar Pierre Sanchez, who collected hundreds of lithographs by Horace Vernet (1789-1863) to write the catalogue raissoné of Vernet's lithographic work. The largest privately owned collection of Vernet's graphic works, the collection is comprised of three unpublished volumes of over 300 works, as well as eight loose prints, one poster, and one letter.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection was assembled by the French scholar Pierre Sanchez, who collected hundreds of lithographs by Horace Vernet (1789-1863) to write the catalogue raissoné of Vernet's lithographic work. The largest privately owned collection of Vernet's graphic works, the collection is comprised of three unpublished volumes of over 300 works, as well as eight loose prints, one poster, and one letter."],"names_coll_ssim":["Alan Wofsy Fine Arts","Vernet, Horace, 1789-1863"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Alan Wofsy Fine Arts","Sanchez, Pierre, 1963-","Vernet, Horace, 1789-1863","Charlet, Nicolas-Toussaint, 1792-1845"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Alan Wofsy Fine Arts"],"persname_ssim":["Sanchez, Pierre, 1963-","Vernet, Horace, 1789-1863","Charlet, Nicolas-Toussaint, 1792-1845"],"language_ssim":["French \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":16,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T03:06:15.702Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_38","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_38","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_38","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_38","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMFA/repositories_2_resources_38.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.vmfa.museum/repositories/2/resources/38","title_filing_ssi":"Vernet, Horace (SC-28)","title_ssm":["Pierre Sanchez Collection of Horace Vernet Graphic Works (SC-28)"],"title_tesim":["Pierre Sanchez Collection of Horace Vernet Graphic Works (SC-28)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1816-1838, 1996"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1816-1838, 1996"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC-28","/repositories/2/resources/38"],"text":["SC-28","/repositories/2/resources/38","Pierre Sanchez Collection of Horace Vernet Graphic Works (SC-28)","Lithography, French -- 19th century","The collection is open for research.","The collection is organized into three series, and items are arranged chronologically within each series.","Series 1 Prints, 1816-1838 Series 2 Posters, 1996 Series 3 Correspondence, undated","Quelques idées sur les troupes a cheval de France, et principalement sur la cavalerie légère / par R. de Bourge (1817)","Sylla: tragédie en cinq actes / par E. Jouy (1822)","Catalogue de l'oeuvre lithographique de Mr. J.E. Horace Vernet (1826)","Horace Vernet: dessinateur lithographe, 1816-1838: catalogue raisonné de l'œuvre lithographié (2016)","Horace Vernet: incroyables et merveilleuses: Paris, 1810-1818 (1955)","Catalogue des tableaux anciens des écoles primitives et de la Renaissance et des écoles flamande, française, hollandaise et italienne des XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles (1911)","Les Vernet: Joseph, Carle, Horace (1898)","Artist File: Horace Vernet","Pierre Sanchez, born in 1963, is a French scholar who assembled hundreds of lithographs by Horace Vernet (1789-1863) between 1995 to 2006 in order to write the catalogue raissoné of Vernet's lithographic work. Drawing upon public and private collections, and completing the work of Louis-Maurice Bruzard (1826) and Henri Beraldi (1885-1891), the complete catalog presents the artist's 237 original lithographs, in various states of edition, as well as two etchings. ","The son of famed painter Carle Vernet, and a friend and disciple of Theodore Géricault, Émile Jean-Horace Vernet was primarily known as a French painter of battles, soldiers, and commissioned portraits, working for both Louis-Philippe I and Napoléon Bonaparte. However, Horace and his father were among the first artists to experiment with lithography and market their images to printers. Regardless of Charles Baudelaire, Horace Vernet is much more \"than a soldier who does painting,\" and his lithographs showcase his pioneering talent.","(The above information was taken from  Dessin Original  and  Horace Vernet .)","Originally collected by Pierre Sanchez, this was the largest privately owned collection of Horace Vernet's graphic works. VMFA purchased it from Alan Wofsy Fine Arts LLC in June 2017.","Sanchez print 22","Sanchez print 28","Sanchez print 95","Sanchez print 144","Sanchez print 145","Sanchez print 235","By Nicolas Toussaint Charlet","Print 51a was removed by Paper Conservator Samantha Sheesley on May 30, 2019 to receive conservation treatment. The print was returned to the Archives on September 6, 2019.","Print was taken by Paper Conservator Samantha Sheesley on May 30, 2019 to receive conservation treatment. Print was returned to Archives on September 6, 2019.","Print was taken by Paper Conservator Samantha Sheesley on May 30, 2019 to receive conservation treatment. Print was returned to the Archives on September 6, 2019.","The collection's inclusive dates are 1816-1996, with the bulk of the material dating from 1818-1824. The collection is comprised of unpublished volumes, prints, and a poster. One loose print is by Nicolas Toussaint Charlet, otherwise all of the prints are by Vernet.","This series is comprised of 4 bound volumes, containing 302 Horace Vernet lithographs, and 7 loose prints, including 6 lithographs by Vernet and 1 lithograph by Nicolas Toussaint Charlet.","This series is comprised of one poster advertising a Piranesi exhibition curated by Pierre and Véronique Sanchez-Dufief.","This series is comprised of one letter written to Véronique Sanchez-Dufief.","The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.","The collection was assembled by the French scholar Pierre Sanchez, who collected hundreds of lithographs by Horace Vernet (1789-1863) to write the catalogue raissoné of Vernet's lithographic work. The largest privately owned collection of Vernet's graphic works, the collection is comprised of three unpublished volumes of over 300 works, as well as eight loose prints, one poster, and one letter.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Alan Wofsy Fine Arts","Sanchez, Pierre, 1963-","Vernet, Horace, 1789-1863","Charlet, Nicolas-Toussaint, 1792-1845","French \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["SC-28","/repositories/2/resources/38"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Pierre Sanchez Collection of Horace Vernet Graphic Works (SC-28)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Pierre Sanchez Collection of Horace Vernet Graphic Works (SC-28)"],"collection_ssim":["Pierre Sanchez Collection of Horace Vernet Graphic Works (SC-28)"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"creator_ssm":["Sanchez, Pierre, 1963-","Alan Wofsy Fine Arts","Vernet, Horace, 1789-1863","Charlet, Nicolas-Toussaint, 1792-1845"],"creator_ssim":["Sanchez, Pierre, 1963-","Alan Wofsy Fine Arts","Vernet, Horace, 1789-1863","Charlet, Nicolas-Toussaint, 1792-1845"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Sanchez, Pierre, 1963-","Vernet, Horace, 1789-1863","Charlet, Nicolas-Toussaint, 1792-1845"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Alan Wofsy Fine Arts"],"creators_ssim":["Sanchez, Pierre, 1963-","Vernet, Horace, 1789-1863","Charlet, Nicolas-Toussaint, 1792-1845","Alan Wofsy Fine Arts"],"access_terms_ssm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Lithography, French -- 19th century"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Lithography, French -- 19th century"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.5 Linear Feet 13 items (4 volumes, 7 prints, 1 poster, and 1 letter)"],"extent_tesim":["0.5 Linear Feet 13 items (4 volumes, 7 prints, 1 poster, and 1 letter)"],"date_range_isim":[1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into three series, and items are arranged chronologically within each series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 1\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003ePrints, 1816-1838\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 2\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003ePosters, 1996\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 3\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eCorrespondence, undated\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into three series, and items are arranged chronologically within each series.","Series 1 Prints, 1816-1838 Series 2 Posters, 1996 Series 3 Correspondence, undated"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eQuelques idées sur les troupes a cheval de France, et principalement sur la cavalerie légère / par R. de Bourge (1817)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eSylla: tragédie en cinq actes / par E. Jouy (1822)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eCatalogue de l'oeuvre lithographique de Mr. J.E. Horace Vernet (1826)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eHorace Vernet: dessinateur lithographe, 1816-1838: catalogue raisonné de l'œuvre lithographié (2016)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eHorace Vernet: incroyables et merveilleuses: Paris, 1810-1818 (1955)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eCatalogue des tableaux anciens des écoles primitives et de la Renaissance et des écoles flamande, française, hollandaise et italienne des XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles (1911)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eLes Vernet: Joseph, Carle, Horace (1898)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eArtist File: Horace Vernet\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Related Materials - VMFA Library: Pierre Sanchez Collection","Related Materials - VMFA Library: Catalogs","Related Materials - VMFA Library: Artist File"],"bibliography_tesim":["Quelques idées sur les troupes a cheval de France, et principalement sur la cavalerie légère / par R. de Bourge (1817)","Sylla: tragédie en cinq actes / par E. Jouy (1822)","Catalogue de l'oeuvre lithographique de Mr. J.E. Horace Vernet (1826)","Horace Vernet: dessinateur lithographe, 1816-1838: catalogue raisonné de l'œuvre lithographié (2016)","Horace Vernet: incroyables et merveilleuses: Paris, 1810-1818 (1955)","Catalogue des tableaux anciens des écoles primitives et de la Renaissance et des écoles flamande, française, hollandaise et italienne des XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles (1911)","Les Vernet: Joseph, Carle, Horace (1898)","Artist File: Horace Vernet"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePierre Sanchez, born in 1963, is a French scholar who assembled hundreds of lithographs by Horace Vernet (1789-1863) between 1995 to 2006 in order to write the catalogue raissoné of Vernet's lithographic work. Drawing upon public and private collections, and completing the work of Louis-Maurice Bruzard (1826) and Henri Beraldi (1885-1891), the complete catalog presents the artist's 237 original lithographs, in various states of edition, as well as two etchings. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe son of famed painter Carle Vernet, and a friend and disciple of Theodore Géricault, Émile Jean-Horace Vernet was primarily known as a French painter of battles, soldiers, and commissioned portraits, working for both Louis-Philippe I and Napoléon Bonaparte. However, Horace and his father were among the first artists to experiment with lithography and market their images to printers. Regardless of Charles Baudelaire, Horace Vernet is much more \"than a soldier who does painting,\" and his lithographs showcase his pioneering talent.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e(The above information was taken from \u003ca href=\"https://www.dessinoriginal.com/en/catalogues-raisonnes/7869-horace-vernet-dessinateur-lithographe-catalogue-raisonne-de-son-oeuvre-lithographie-9782359680737.html\"\u003eDessin Original\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nga.gov/content/ngaweb/Collection/artist-info.3284.html\"\u003eHorace Vernet\u003c/a\u003e.)\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Pierre Sanchez, born in 1963, is a French scholar who assembled hundreds of lithographs by Horace Vernet (1789-1863) between 1995 to 2006 in order to write the catalogue raissoné of Vernet's lithographic work. Drawing upon public and private collections, and completing the work of Louis-Maurice Bruzard (1826) and Henri Beraldi (1885-1891), the complete catalog presents the artist's 237 original lithographs, in various states of edition, as well as two etchings. ","The son of famed painter Carle Vernet, and a friend and disciple of Theodore Géricault, Émile Jean-Horace Vernet was primarily known as a French painter of battles, soldiers, and commissioned portraits, working for both Louis-Philippe I and Napoléon Bonaparte. However, Horace and his father were among the first artists to experiment with lithography and market their images to printers. Regardless of Charles Baudelaire, Horace Vernet is much more \"than a soldier who does painting,\" and his lithographs showcase his pioneering talent.","(The above information was taken from  Dessin Original  and  Horace Vernet .)"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOriginally collected by Pierre Sanchez, this was the largest privately owned collection of Horace Vernet's graphic works. VMFA purchased it from Alan Wofsy Fine Arts LLC in June 2017.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Originally collected by Pierre Sanchez, this was the largest privately owned collection of Horace Vernet's graphic works. VMFA purchased it from Alan Wofsy Fine Arts LLC in June 2017."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSanchez print 22\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSanchez print 28\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSanchez print 95\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSanchez print 144\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSanchez print 145\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSanchez print 235\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy Nicolas Toussaint Charlet\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Notes","Notes","General","General","General","General","General"],"odd_tesim":["Sanchez print 22","Sanchez print 28","Sanchez print 95","Sanchez print 144","Sanchez print 145","Sanchez print 235","By Nicolas Toussaint Charlet"],"originalsloc_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePrint 51a was removed by Paper Conservator Samantha Sheesley on May 30, 2019 to receive conservation treatment. The print was returned to the Archives on September 6, 2019.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrint was taken by Paper Conservator Samantha Sheesley on May 30, 2019 to receive conservation treatment. Print was returned to Archives on September 6, 2019.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrint was taken by Paper Conservator Samantha Sheesley on May 30, 2019 to receive conservation treatment. Print was returned to the Archives on September 6, 2019.\u003c/p\u003e"],"originalsloc_heading_ssm":["Conservation History","Conservation History","Conservation History"],"originalsloc_tesim":["Print 51a was removed by Paper Conservator Samantha Sheesley on May 30, 2019 to receive conservation treatment. The print was returned to the Archives on September 6, 2019.","Print was taken by Paper Conservator Samantha Sheesley on May 30, 2019 to receive conservation treatment. Print was returned to Archives on September 6, 2019.","Print was taken by Paper Conservator Samantha Sheesley on May 30, 2019 to receive conservation treatment. Print was returned to the Archives on September 6, 2019."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePierre Sanchez Collection of Horace Vernet Graphic Works (SC-28). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Pierre Sanchez Collection of Horace Vernet Graphic Works (SC-28). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection's inclusive dates are 1816-1996, with the bulk of the material dating from 1818-1824. The collection is comprised of unpublished volumes, prints, and a poster. One loose print is by Nicolas Toussaint Charlet, otherwise all of the prints are by Vernet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is comprised of 4 bound volumes, containing 302 Horace Vernet lithographs, and 7 loose prints, including 6 lithographs by Vernet and 1 lithograph by Nicolas Toussaint Charlet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is comprised of one poster advertising a Piranesi exhibition curated by Pierre and Véronique Sanchez-Dufief.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is comprised of one letter written to Véronique Sanchez-Dufief.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Series Description","Series Description","Series Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection's inclusive dates are 1816-1996, with the bulk of the material dating from 1818-1824. The collection is comprised of unpublished volumes, prints, and a poster. One loose print is by Nicolas Toussaint Charlet, otherwise all of the prints are by Vernet.","This series is comprised of 4 bound volumes, containing 302 Horace Vernet lithographs, and 7 loose prints, including 6 lithographs by Vernet and 1 lithograph by Nicolas Toussaint Charlet.","This series is comprised of one poster advertising a Piranesi exhibition curated by Pierre and Véronique Sanchez-Dufief.","This series is comprised of one letter written to Véronique Sanchez-Dufief."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_cde71f482c2213258ca9bcc8dafeaa33\"\u003eThe collection was assembled by the French scholar Pierre Sanchez, who collected hundreds of lithographs by Horace Vernet (1789-1863) to write the catalogue raissoné of Vernet's lithographic work. The largest privately owned collection of Vernet's graphic works, the collection is comprised of three unpublished volumes of over 300 works, as well as eight loose prints, one poster, and one letter.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection was assembled by the French scholar Pierre Sanchez, who collected hundreds of lithographs by Horace Vernet (1789-1863) to write the catalogue raissoné of Vernet's lithographic work. The largest privately owned collection of Vernet's graphic works, the collection is comprised of three unpublished volumes of over 300 works, as well as eight loose prints, one poster, and one letter."],"names_coll_ssim":["Alan Wofsy Fine Arts","Vernet, Horace, 1789-1863"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Alan Wofsy Fine Arts","Sanchez, Pierre, 1963-","Vernet, Horace, 1789-1863","Charlet, Nicolas-Toussaint, 1792-1845"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Alan Wofsy Fine Arts"],"persname_ssim":["Sanchez, Pierre, 1963-","Vernet, Horace, 1789-1863","Charlet, Nicolas-Toussaint, 1792-1845"],"language_ssim":["French \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":16,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T03:06:15.702Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_38"}},{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42)","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection documents the lives and careers of Pinkney Near, former curator of VMFA, and his wife, artist and art aficionado, Henrietta Near.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMFA/repositories_2_resources_15984.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.vmfa.museum/repositories/2/resources/15984","title_filing_ssi":"Near, Pinkney and Henrietta (SC-42)","title_ssm":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42)"],"title_tesim":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1873-2020"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1873-2020"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC-42","/repositories/2/resources/15984"],"text":["SC-42","/repositories/2/resources/15984","Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42)","Art museum curators.","Women artists.","Artists -- Virginia","The collection is open for research.","The collection is organized into 4 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.","Series 1 Pinkney Near, 1916-2002 Series 2 Henrietta Near, 1873-2020 Series 3 Pinkney and Henrietta Near, 1962-1966 Series 4 Artist Research Files, 1969-2011","Pinkney Longlois Near was born April 28, 1927, in Manhattan, New York. After graduating from St. Paul's School in 1944, Pinkney joined the U.S. Marine Corps., serving in the Pacific Theater during the Occupation of Japan from March 26, 1945-August 21, 1946. In 1950, Pinkney earned his Bachelor of Arts from Johns Hopkins University. On August 18, 1956, Pinkney married Henrietta. From 1954-1990, Pinkney served as a curator of VMFA, only leaving briefly to work as a curator at the Cincinnati Art Museum. Pinkney passed away August 29, 1990.","Henrietta Jane Near (née Lloyd) was born November 2, 1929, in Holyoke, Massachusetts. She first began exploring art in Hartford, Connecticut at the Hartford Art School. Henrietta graduated from Wellesley College in 1951 with a Bachelor of Fine Arts in Art History and a minor in Studio Art. She taught silkscreen painting at VMFA from 1980-1989 before moving on to teach drawing and pastel at the Hand Workshop from 1990-1992. Henrietta was an involved participant in Richmond's local art scene, exhibiting her art at the 1708 Gallery, Artspace Gallery, and the Henry Street Gallery, among others. Her artwork can be found in the collections of Randolph-Macon College, Virginia Wesleyan College, University of Virginia Hospital, and the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, in addition to numerous private collections. ","The collection was packed and donated by Henrietta's estate in August 2023.","In general, during processing, all publications are removed and added to the VMFA Library's holdings and original newspaper clippings are photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and then destroyed. Original folder titles are retained, when provided.","The collection's inclusive dates are 1873-2020, with the bulk of the material dating from 1970-2000. The collection consists of correspondence, financial records, ephemera, newspaper articles, and photographic materials depicting the lives and careers of Pinkney and Henrietta Near, as well as papers from their respective families.","This series documents the life and career of Pinkney Near.","This file contains correspondence, newspaper clippings, ephemera, and a miniature medallion pertaining to Pinkney's time at the VMFA.","This file contains correspondence, newspaper clippings, and ephemera pertaining to Pinkney's time at the Cincinnati Art Museum.","This file contains a baby book, birth certificate, bibliography, diplomas, report cards, among other materials pertaining to Pinkney's early life and education.","This file contains papers and cards documenting Pinkney's time in the Marine Corps.","This file contains ephemera, correspondence, and vital records pertaining to Pinkney's life.","This sub-series contains correspondence between Near family members, articles, and poetry written by Clifford Near, Pinkney's brother.","This series documents the life and career of Henrietta Near.","This file contains loan agreements, sale orders, correspondence, photographs, and articles pertaining to Henrietta's artwork.","This file contains correspondence, grant applications, meeting minutes, articles, and ephemera pertaining to Henrietta's work with various Richmond art organizations. Included are Art6 (2004-2015), ArtSpace (1990-2007), Hand Workshop (1991-1992), Henry Street Gallery (1987), Very Special Arts (1998-2000), and VMFA (1961).","This file contains correspondence, newspaper clippings, and articles about the topic of dance and Henrietta's dance career.","This sub-series contains correspondence, ephemera, and newspaper clippings that pertain to Henrietta's personal life and interests.","This sub-series contains correspondence and financial records that pertain to the finances of and donations made by Henrietta Near. Included in the institutions she donated to are the Bayly Art Museum and the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, among others.","This sub-series contains correspondence, a book, ephemera, and photographs that pertain to the Lloyd family.","This series contains correspondence, photographs, and ephemera pertaining to the shared lives of Pinkney and Henrietta Near.","This series contains articles and ephemera pertaining to artists of interest to Pinkney and Henrietta Near.","A framed photograph of Pinkney in his military uniform has been stored separately from the rest of the collection.","Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.","This collection documents the lives and careers of Pinkney Near, former curator of VMFA, and his wife, artist and art aficionado, Henrietta Near.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta.","English \n,        Latin \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["SC-42","/repositories/2/resources/15984"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42)"],"collection_ssim":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42)"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"creator_ssm":["Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta.","Near, Henrietta."],"creator_ssim":["Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta.","Near, Henrietta."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta.","Near, Henrietta."],"creators_ssim":["Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta.","Near, Henrietta."],"access_terms_ssm":["Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Art museum curators.","Women artists.","Artists -- Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Art museum curators.","Women artists.","Artists -- Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.5 Linear Feet 4 boxes; 27 folders"],"extent_tesim":["2.5 Linear Feet 4 boxes; 27 folders"],"date_range_isim":[1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into 4 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 1\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003ePinkney Near, 1916-2002\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 2\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eHenrietta Near, 1873-2020\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 3\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003ePinkney and Henrietta Near, 1962-1966\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 4\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eArtist Research Files, 1969-2011\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into 4 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.","Series 1 Pinkney Near, 1916-2002 Series 2 Henrietta Near, 1873-2020 Series 3 Pinkney and Henrietta Near, 1962-1966 Series 4 Artist Research Files, 1969-2011"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePinkney Longlois Near was born April 28, 1927, in Manhattan, New York. After graduating from St. Paul's School in 1944, Pinkney joined the U.S. Marine Corps., serving in the Pacific Theater during the Occupation of Japan from March 26, 1945-August 21, 1946. In 1950, Pinkney earned his Bachelor of Arts from Johns Hopkins University. On August 18, 1956, Pinkney married Henrietta. From 1954-1990, Pinkney served as a curator of VMFA, only leaving briefly to work as a curator at the Cincinnati Art Museum. Pinkney passed away August 29, 1990.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHenrietta Jane Near (née Lloyd) was born November 2, 1929, in Holyoke, Massachusetts. She first began exploring art in Hartford, Connecticut at the Hartford Art School. Henrietta graduated from Wellesley College in 1951 with a Bachelor of Fine Arts in Art History and a minor in Studio Art. She taught silkscreen painting at VMFA from 1980-1989 before moving on to teach drawing and pastel at the Hand Workshop from 1990-1992. Henrietta was an involved participant in Richmond's local art scene, exhibiting her art at the 1708 Gallery, Artspace Gallery, and the Henry Street Gallery, among others. Her artwork can be found in the collections of Randolph-Macon College, Virginia Wesleyan College, University of Virginia Hospital, and the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, in addition to numerous private collections. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Pinkney Longlois Near was born April 28, 1927, in Manhattan, New York. After graduating from St. Paul's School in 1944, Pinkney joined the U.S. Marine Corps., serving in the Pacific Theater during the Occupation of Japan from March 26, 1945-August 21, 1946. In 1950, Pinkney earned his Bachelor of Arts from Johns Hopkins University. On August 18, 1956, Pinkney married Henrietta. From 1954-1990, Pinkney served as a curator of VMFA, only leaving briefly to work as a curator at the Cincinnati Art Museum. Pinkney passed away August 29, 1990.","Henrietta Jane Near (née Lloyd) was born November 2, 1929, in Holyoke, Massachusetts. She first began exploring art in Hartford, Connecticut at the Hartford Art School. Henrietta graduated from Wellesley College in 1951 with a Bachelor of Fine Arts in Art History and a minor in Studio Art. She taught silkscreen painting at VMFA from 1980-1989 before moving on to teach drawing and pastel at the Hand Workshop from 1990-1992. Henrietta was an involved participant in Richmond's local art scene, exhibiting her art at the 1708 Gallery, Artspace Gallery, and the Henry Street Gallery, among others. Her artwork can be found in the collections of Randolph-Macon College, Virginia Wesleyan College, University of Virginia Hospital, and the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, in addition to numerous private collections. "],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was packed and donated by Henrietta's estate in August 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["The collection was packed and donated by Henrietta's estate in August 2023."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42). Gift of Henrietta J. Near. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42). Gift of Henrietta J. Near. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn general, during processing, all publications are removed and added to the VMFA Library's holdings and original newspaper clippings are photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and then destroyed. Original folder titles are retained, when provided.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["In general, during processing, all publications are removed and added to the VMFA Library's holdings and original newspaper clippings are photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and then destroyed. Original folder titles are retained, when provided."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection's inclusive dates are 1873-2020, with the bulk of the material dating from 1970-2000. The collection consists of correspondence, financial records, ephemera, newspaper articles, and photographic materials depicting the lives and careers of Pinkney and Henrietta Near, as well as papers from their respective families.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series documents the life and career of Pinkney Near.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file contains correspondence, newspaper clippings, ephemera, and a miniature medallion pertaining to Pinkney's time at the VMFA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file contains correspondence, newspaper clippings, and ephemera pertaining to Pinkney's time at the Cincinnati Art Museum.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file contains a baby book, birth certificate, bibliography, diplomas, report cards, among other materials pertaining to Pinkney's early life and education.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file contains papers and cards documenting Pinkney's time in the Marine Corps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file contains ephemera, correspondence, and vital records pertaining to Pinkney's life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains correspondence between Near family members, articles, and poetry written by Clifford Near, Pinkney's brother.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series documents the life and career of Henrietta Near.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file contains loan agreements, sale orders, correspondence, photographs, and articles pertaining to Henrietta's artwork.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file contains correspondence, grant applications, meeting minutes, articles, and ephemera pertaining to Henrietta's work with various Richmond art organizations. Included are Art6 (2004-2015), ArtSpace (1990-2007), Hand Workshop (1991-1992), Henry Street Gallery (1987), Very Special Arts (1998-2000), and VMFA (1961).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file contains correspondence, newspaper clippings, and articles about the topic of dance and Henrietta's dance career.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains correspondence, ephemera, and newspaper clippings that pertain to Henrietta's personal life and interests.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains correspondence and financial records that pertain to the finances of and donations made by Henrietta Near. Included in the institutions she donated to are the Bayly Art Museum and the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, among others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains correspondence, a book, ephemera, and photographs that pertain to the Lloyd family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains correspondence, photographs, and ephemera pertaining to the shared lives of Pinkney and Henrietta Near.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains articles and ephemera pertaining to artists of interest to Pinkney and Henrietta Near.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection's inclusive dates are 1873-2020, with the bulk of the material dating from 1970-2000. The collection consists of correspondence, financial records, ephemera, newspaper articles, and photographic materials depicting the lives and careers of Pinkney and Henrietta Near, as well as papers from their respective families.","This series documents the life and career of Pinkney Near.","This file contains correspondence, newspaper clippings, ephemera, and a miniature medallion pertaining to Pinkney's time at the VMFA.","This file contains correspondence, newspaper clippings, and ephemera pertaining to Pinkney's time at the Cincinnati Art Museum.","This file contains a baby book, birth certificate, bibliography, diplomas, report cards, among other materials pertaining to Pinkney's early life and education.","This file contains papers and cards documenting Pinkney's time in the Marine Corps.","This file contains ephemera, correspondence, and vital records pertaining to Pinkney's life.","This sub-series contains correspondence between Near family members, articles, and poetry written by Clifford Near, Pinkney's brother.","This series documents the life and career of Henrietta Near.","This file contains loan agreements, sale orders, correspondence, photographs, and articles pertaining to Henrietta's artwork.","This file contains correspondence, grant applications, meeting minutes, articles, and ephemera pertaining to Henrietta's work with various Richmond art organizations. Included are Art6 (2004-2015), ArtSpace (1990-2007), Hand Workshop (1991-1992), Henry Street Gallery (1987), Very Special Arts (1998-2000), and VMFA (1961).","This file contains correspondence, newspaper clippings, and articles about the topic of dance and Henrietta's dance career.","This sub-series contains correspondence, ephemera, and newspaper clippings that pertain to Henrietta's personal life and interests.","This sub-series contains correspondence and financial records that pertain to the finances of and donations made by Henrietta Near. Included in the institutions she donated to are the Bayly Art Museum and the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, among others.","This sub-series contains correspondence, a book, ephemera, and photographs that pertain to the Lloyd family.","This series contains correspondence, photographs, and ephemera pertaining to the shared lives of Pinkney and Henrietta Near.","This series contains articles and ephemera pertaining to artists of interest to Pinkney and Henrietta Near."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA framed photograph of Pinkney in his military uniform has been stored separately from the rest of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["A framed photograph of Pinkney in his military uniform has been stored separately from the rest of the collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_1cd6e60b6a6093df572b3bc99a2beed1\"\u003eThis collection documents the lives and careers of Pinkney Near, former curator of VMFA, and his wife, artist and art aficionado, Henrietta Near.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection documents the lives and careers of Pinkney Near, former curator of VMFA, and his wife, artist and art aficionado, Henrietta Near."],"names_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta."],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta.","Near, Henrietta."],"persname_ssim":["Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta."],"language_ssim":["English \n,        Latin \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":19,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T03:07:10.049Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMFA/repositories_2_resources_15984.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.vmfa.museum/repositories/2/resources/15984","title_filing_ssi":"Near, Pinkney and Henrietta (SC-42)","title_ssm":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42)"],"title_tesim":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1873-2020"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1873-2020"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC-42","/repositories/2/resources/15984"],"text":["SC-42","/repositories/2/resources/15984","Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42)","Art museum curators.","Women artists.","Artists -- Virginia","The collection is open for research.","The collection is organized into 4 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.","Series 1 Pinkney Near, 1916-2002 Series 2 Henrietta Near, 1873-2020 Series 3 Pinkney and Henrietta Near, 1962-1966 Series 4 Artist Research Files, 1969-2011","Pinkney Longlois Near was born April 28, 1927, in Manhattan, New York. After graduating from St. Paul's School in 1944, Pinkney joined the U.S. Marine Corps., serving in the Pacific Theater during the Occupation of Japan from March 26, 1945-August 21, 1946. In 1950, Pinkney earned his Bachelor of Arts from Johns Hopkins University. On August 18, 1956, Pinkney married Henrietta. From 1954-1990, Pinkney served as a curator of VMFA, only leaving briefly to work as a curator at the Cincinnati Art Museum. Pinkney passed away August 29, 1990.","Henrietta Jane Near (née Lloyd) was born November 2, 1929, in Holyoke, Massachusetts. She first began exploring art in Hartford, Connecticut at the Hartford Art School. Henrietta graduated from Wellesley College in 1951 with a Bachelor of Fine Arts in Art History and a minor in Studio Art. She taught silkscreen painting at VMFA from 1980-1989 before moving on to teach drawing and pastel at the Hand Workshop from 1990-1992. Henrietta was an involved participant in Richmond's local art scene, exhibiting her art at the 1708 Gallery, Artspace Gallery, and the Henry Street Gallery, among others. Her artwork can be found in the collections of Randolph-Macon College, Virginia Wesleyan College, University of Virginia Hospital, and the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, in addition to numerous private collections. ","The collection was packed and donated by Henrietta's estate in August 2023.","In general, during processing, all publications are removed and added to the VMFA Library's holdings and original newspaper clippings are photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and then destroyed. Original folder titles are retained, when provided.","The collection's inclusive dates are 1873-2020, with the bulk of the material dating from 1970-2000. The collection consists of correspondence, financial records, ephemera, newspaper articles, and photographic materials depicting the lives and careers of Pinkney and Henrietta Near, as well as papers from their respective families.","This series documents the life and career of Pinkney Near.","This file contains correspondence, newspaper clippings, ephemera, and a miniature medallion pertaining to Pinkney's time at the VMFA.","This file contains correspondence, newspaper clippings, and ephemera pertaining to Pinkney's time at the Cincinnati Art Museum.","This file contains a baby book, birth certificate, bibliography, diplomas, report cards, among other materials pertaining to Pinkney's early life and education.","This file contains papers and cards documenting Pinkney's time in the Marine Corps.","This file contains ephemera, correspondence, and vital records pertaining to Pinkney's life.","This sub-series contains correspondence between Near family members, articles, and poetry written by Clifford Near, Pinkney's brother.","This series documents the life and career of Henrietta Near.","This file contains loan agreements, sale orders, correspondence, photographs, and articles pertaining to Henrietta's artwork.","This file contains correspondence, grant applications, meeting minutes, articles, and ephemera pertaining to Henrietta's work with various Richmond art organizations. Included are Art6 (2004-2015), ArtSpace (1990-2007), Hand Workshop (1991-1992), Henry Street Gallery (1987), Very Special Arts (1998-2000), and VMFA (1961).","This file contains correspondence, newspaper clippings, and articles about the topic of dance and Henrietta's dance career.","This sub-series contains correspondence, ephemera, and newspaper clippings that pertain to Henrietta's personal life and interests.","This sub-series contains correspondence and financial records that pertain to the finances of and donations made by Henrietta Near. Included in the institutions she donated to are the Bayly Art Museum and the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, among others.","This sub-series contains correspondence, a book, ephemera, and photographs that pertain to the Lloyd family.","This series contains correspondence, photographs, and ephemera pertaining to the shared lives of Pinkney and Henrietta Near.","This series contains articles and ephemera pertaining to artists of interest to Pinkney and Henrietta Near.","A framed photograph of Pinkney in his military uniform has been stored separately from the rest of the collection.","Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.","This collection documents the lives and careers of Pinkney Near, former curator of VMFA, and his wife, artist and art aficionado, Henrietta Near.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta.","English \n,        Latin \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["SC-42","/repositories/2/resources/15984"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42)"],"collection_ssim":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42)"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"creator_ssm":["Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta.","Near, Henrietta."],"creator_ssim":["Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta.","Near, Henrietta."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta.","Near, Henrietta."],"creators_ssim":["Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta.","Near, Henrietta."],"access_terms_ssm":["Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Art museum curators.","Women artists.","Artists -- Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Art museum curators.","Women artists.","Artists -- Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.5 Linear Feet 4 boxes; 27 folders"],"extent_tesim":["2.5 Linear Feet 4 boxes; 27 folders"],"date_range_isim":[1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into 4 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 1\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003ePinkney Near, 1916-2002\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 2\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eHenrietta Near, 1873-2020\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 3\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003ePinkney and Henrietta Near, 1962-1966\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 4\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eArtist Research Files, 1969-2011\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into 4 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.","Series 1 Pinkney Near, 1916-2002 Series 2 Henrietta Near, 1873-2020 Series 3 Pinkney and Henrietta Near, 1962-1966 Series 4 Artist Research Files, 1969-2011"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePinkney Longlois Near was born April 28, 1927, in Manhattan, New York. After graduating from St. Paul's School in 1944, Pinkney joined the U.S. Marine Corps., serving in the Pacific Theater during the Occupation of Japan from March 26, 1945-August 21, 1946. In 1950, Pinkney earned his Bachelor of Arts from Johns Hopkins University. On August 18, 1956, Pinkney married Henrietta. From 1954-1990, Pinkney served as a curator of VMFA, only leaving briefly to work as a curator at the Cincinnati Art Museum. Pinkney passed away August 29, 1990.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHenrietta Jane Near (née Lloyd) was born November 2, 1929, in Holyoke, Massachusetts. She first began exploring art in Hartford, Connecticut at the Hartford Art School. Henrietta graduated from Wellesley College in 1951 with a Bachelor of Fine Arts in Art History and a minor in Studio Art. She taught silkscreen painting at VMFA from 1980-1989 before moving on to teach drawing and pastel at the Hand Workshop from 1990-1992. Henrietta was an involved participant in Richmond's local art scene, exhibiting her art at the 1708 Gallery, Artspace Gallery, and the Henry Street Gallery, among others. Her artwork can be found in the collections of Randolph-Macon College, Virginia Wesleyan College, University of Virginia Hospital, and the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, in addition to numerous private collections. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Pinkney Longlois Near was born April 28, 1927, in Manhattan, New York. After graduating from St. Paul's School in 1944, Pinkney joined the U.S. Marine Corps., serving in the Pacific Theater during the Occupation of Japan from March 26, 1945-August 21, 1946. In 1950, Pinkney earned his Bachelor of Arts from Johns Hopkins University. On August 18, 1956, Pinkney married Henrietta. From 1954-1990, Pinkney served as a curator of VMFA, only leaving briefly to work as a curator at the Cincinnati Art Museum. Pinkney passed away August 29, 1990.","Henrietta Jane Near (née Lloyd) was born November 2, 1929, in Holyoke, Massachusetts. She first began exploring art in Hartford, Connecticut at the Hartford Art School. Henrietta graduated from Wellesley College in 1951 with a Bachelor of Fine Arts in Art History and a minor in Studio Art. She taught silkscreen painting at VMFA from 1980-1989 before moving on to teach drawing and pastel at the Hand Workshop from 1990-1992. Henrietta was an involved participant in Richmond's local art scene, exhibiting her art at the 1708 Gallery, Artspace Gallery, and the Henry Street Gallery, among others. Her artwork can be found in the collections of Randolph-Macon College, Virginia Wesleyan College, University of Virginia Hospital, and the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, in addition to numerous private collections. "],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was packed and donated by Henrietta's estate in August 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["The collection was packed and donated by Henrietta's estate in August 2023."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42). Gift of Henrietta J. Near. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42). Gift of Henrietta J. Near. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn general, during processing, all publications are removed and added to the VMFA Library's holdings and original newspaper clippings are photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and then destroyed. Original folder titles are retained, when provided.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["In general, during processing, all publications are removed and added to the VMFA Library's holdings and original newspaper clippings are photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and then destroyed. Original folder titles are retained, when provided."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection's inclusive dates are 1873-2020, with the bulk of the material dating from 1970-2000. The collection consists of correspondence, financial records, ephemera, newspaper articles, and photographic materials depicting the lives and careers of Pinkney and Henrietta Near, as well as papers from their respective families.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series documents the life and career of Pinkney Near.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file contains correspondence, newspaper clippings, ephemera, and a miniature medallion pertaining to Pinkney's time at the VMFA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file contains correspondence, newspaper clippings, and ephemera pertaining to Pinkney's time at the Cincinnati Art Museum.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file contains a baby book, birth certificate, bibliography, diplomas, report cards, among other materials pertaining to Pinkney's early life and education.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file contains papers and cards documenting Pinkney's time in the Marine Corps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file contains ephemera, correspondence, and vital records pertaining to Pinkney's life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains correspondence between Near family members, articles, and poetry written by Clifford Near, Pinkney's brother.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series documents the life and career of Henrietta Near.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file contains loan agreements, sale orders, correspondence, photographs, and articles pertaining to Henrietta's artwork.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file contains correspondence, grant applications, meeting minutes, articles, and ephemera pertaining to Henrietta's work with various Richmond art organizations. Included are Art6 (2004-2015), ArtSpace (1990-2007), Hand Workshop (1991-1992), Henry Street Gallery (1987), Very Special Arts (1998-2000), and VMFA (1961).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file contains correspondence, newspaper clippings, and articles about the topic of dance and Henrietta's dance career.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains correspondence, ephemera, and newspaper clippings that pertain to Henrietta's personal life and interests.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains correspondence and financial records that pertain to the finances of and donations made by Henrietta Near. Included in the institutions she donated to are the Bayly Art Museum and the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, among others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains correspondence, a book, ephemera, and photographs that pertain to the Lloyd family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains correspondence, photographs, and ephemera pertaining to the shared lives of Pinkney and Henrietta Near.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains articles and ephemera pertaining to artists of interest to Pinkney and Henrietta Near.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection's inclusive dates are 1873-2020, with the bulk of the material dating from 1970-2000. The collection consists of correspondence, financial records, ephemera, newspaper articles, and photographic materials depicting the lives and careers of Pinkney and Henrietta Near, as well as papers from their respective families.","This series documents the life and career of Pinkney Near.","This file contains correspondence, newspaper clippings, ephemera, and a miniature medallion pertaining to Pinkney's time at the VMFA.","This file contains correspondence, newspaper clippings, and ephemera pertaining to Pinkney's time at the Cincinnati Art Museum.","This file contains a baby book, birth certificate, bibliography, diplomas, report cards, among other materials pertaining to Pinkney's early life and education.","This file contains papers and cards documenting Pinkney's time in the Marine Corps.","This file contains ephemera, correspondence, and vital records pertaining to Pinkney's life.","This sub-series contains correspondence between Near family members, articles, and poetry written by Clifford Near, Pinkney's brother.","This series documents the life and career of Henrietta Near.","This file contains loan agreements, sale orders, correspondence, photographs, and articles pertaining to Henrietta's artwork.","This file contains correspondence, grant applications, meeting minutes, articles, and ephemera pertaining to Henrietta's work with various Richmond art organizations. Included are Art6 (2004-2015), ArtSpace (1990-2007), Hand Workshop (1991-1992), Henry Street Gallery (1987), Very Special Arts (1998-2000), and VMFA (1961).","This file contains correspondence, newspaper clippings, and articles about the topic of dance and Henrietta's dance career.","This sub-series contains correspondence, ephemera, and newspaper clippings that pertain to Henrietta's personal life and interests.","This sub-series contains correspondence and financial records that pertain to the finances of and donations made by Henrietta Near. Included in the institutions she donated to are the Bayly Art Museum and the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, among others.","This sub-series contains correspondence, a book, ephemera, and photographs that pertain to the Lloyd family.","This series contains correspondence, photographs, and ephemera pertaining to the shared lives of Pinkney and Henrietta Near.","This series contains articles and ephemera pertaining to artists of interest to Pinkney and Henrietta Near."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA framed photograph of Pinkney in his military uniform has been stored separately from the rest of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["A framed photograph of Pinkney in his military uniform has been stored separately from the rest of the collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_1cd6e60b6a6093df572b3bc99a2beed1\"\u003eThis collection documents the lives and careers of Pinkney Near, former curator of VMFA, and his wife, artist and art aficionado, Henrietta Near.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection documents the lives and careers of Pinkney Near, former curator of VMFA, and his wife, artist and art aficionado, Henrietta Near."],"names_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta."],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta.","Near, Henrietta."],"persname_ssim":["Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta."],"language_ssim":["English \n,        Latin \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":19,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T03:07:10.049Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984"}},{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_17","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Records of Virginia Arts Organizations (SC-03)","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_17#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_17#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection documents the rich history of Richmond's artistic culture and community in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Drawing upon the legacy of the first Academy of Fine Arts in the United States, founded in Richmond in 1786, the Richmond Academy of Arts was revived in 1930, and records created throughout the organization's history comprise the majority of the collection. The Academy provided the most cohesive and active arts organization in Richmond before the founding of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. Even after the museum's opening in 1936, the relationship between the Academy and the museum is notable; from the correspondence between Thomas C. Colt, the museum's first Director, and two Presidents of the Academy, to the creation of Richmond's first \"Salon des Refuses,\" and to the repeated overlapping of artist and patron names within the organizations.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_17#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_17","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_17","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_17","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_17","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMFA/repositories_2_resources_17.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.vmfa.museum/repositories/2/resources/17","title_filing_ssi":"Virginia Arts Organizations (SC-03)","title_ssm":["Records of Virginia Arts Organizations (SC-03)"],"title_tesim":["Records of Virginia Arts Organizations (SC-03)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1888-1942"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1888-1942"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC-03","/repositories/2/resources/17"],"text":["SC-03","/repositories/2/resources/17","Records of Virginia Arts Organizations (SC-03)","Richmond (Va.)","Art, American -- Virginia -- 20th century","Artists -- Virginia","The collection is open for research.","The collection is organized into five series, and items are arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are placed at the end of a series.","Series 1 Early Arts Organizations, 1888-1928 Series 2 Richmond Academy of Arts/Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts, 1917-1942  Series 3 Correspondence, 1931-1942 Series 4 Sallie Leigh Cole, Correspondence and Notes, 1931-1932, undated Series 5 \"Southern States Art League Newsletter,\" 1941-1942","The Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the United States of America: Being an Outline of the History of the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the U.S.A. Established at Richmond, Virginia on May 8th, in the year 1786, 1931","Richmond, Virginia, in Old Prints 1737-1887, 1932","The Twenty-Seventh Annual Exhibition of the Southern States Art League, 1947 ","Exhibition File: 27th Annual Exhibition of the Southern States Art League, 1947","Subject File: Art Organizations and Foundations: Virginia: Private: Richmond Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts (2 folders)","Julia Sully Papers (Coll. No. 26567)","Statuts \u0026 reglemens de l'Academie des Sciences \u0026 Beaux Arts des Etats-Unis de l'Amerique, etablie a Richemond, capitale de la Virginie, 1786 (Coll No. 23617)","Edmund S. Campbell Papers (Coll. No. 3505)","Adele Goodman Clark Papers (Coll. No. M9)","Adele Clark Papers (Coll. No. Mss1 C5472 a FA2)","On May 8, 1786, the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the United States of America was founded in Richmond, Virginia, the first institution of its kind formed in the States. The establishment of the Academy was the result of a zealous young French soldier and scholar, the Chevalier Alexander Marie Quesnay de Beaurepaire, who landed in Portsmouth, Virginia in early March 1777. Quesnay lobbied for over ten years to see his Academy built and was finally rewarded on June 24, 1786 when the cornerstone for a gallery, museum, theater and school was laid at Academy Square by Richmond's Masonic Lodge No. 13. After the completion of the building later that year, and the opening of the Academy strictly for theatrical purposes on October 10, the Academy quickly started experiencing financial problems. Within months of the opening, Quesnay quietly slipped out of the country to return to France on a quest to secure further funding, and he spent the next two and a half years trying to enlist the support of members of Paris' learned societies. With the fall of the Bastille in July 1789 however, Quesnay was called upon to serve as a commander in the Parisian militia, surviving the revolution, but never to return to his Academy or even to America's shores. The Academy continued to serve as a center for drama until the building was destroyed by a catastrophic fire on January 23, 1798. ","After one hundred and thirty years elapsed, it was Quesnay's Academy that many noted Richmond artists sought to revive in the early 1930s, when the Academy was resurrected in Richmond. Decades earlier, members of another Richmond art organization, the Art Club of Richmond, directed their attention towards this task and created an Academy Committee within the Club to promote interest in its revival. In the spring of 1917, the Committee began a fund-raising effort by selling subscriptions for a sum invested in Liberty Bonds, to be paid towards an Academy Fund. The continuing war effort stalled the project however and the Art Club passed out of existence. In 1919, the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts was organized by Adele Clark and Nora Houston, and one of its main objectives was to restore the Academy, a movement which didn't gain real strength until 1924-1925, but finally resulted in the chartering of the Richmond Academy of Arts in 1930 \"to resume and promote the cultural activities and purposes of the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the United States of America.\" While all the while remaining true to the goals of fostering and preserving the artistic culture of Richmond, the new Academy was re-chartered in 1936 as the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts, although it was known by both names until its charter was revoked and the organization went out of business in 1948, largely due to the Academy's failure to gain enough support to build an adequate facility, and its purpose was eventually subsumed into the mission of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts.","Source:  The Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the United States of American: Being an Outline of the History of the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts","Source: \"Poet, Patriot and Pedagogue,\" by John G. Roberts,  Arts in Virginia , Winter 1966","The collection is comprised of archival materials found in the VMFA Library's holdings. The collection was accessioned into the VMFA Archives' collection in August 2004.","The collection was initially processed in August 2004. A large accretion was processed in November 2005. During processing, original newspaper clippings were photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and incorporated into the vertical files in the Library collection.","The collection's inclusive dates are 1888-1942, with the bulk of the material dating from 1931 and 1938. The collection is comprised of exhibition catalogs, correspondence, invitations, tickets, newsletters, bulletins and other ephemeral material.","This series is comprised of exhibition catalogs from various shows presented in Richmond and sponsored by different arts organizations from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, in the decades before the revival of the Richmond Academy of Arts in 1930. In 1888, the statewide \"Virginia Exposition\" was held at the fairgrounds in Richmond and mainly showcased artifacts of historical significance. Judge John Barton Payne donated his entire painting collection to the state of Virginia in 1919, which formed the core of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts' collection when it was founded. The Virginia League of Fine Arts was the successor to the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, and merged with the Academy just two years after their \"First Municipal Art Exhibition of Richmond\" in 1928.","The series is comprised mainly of exhibition catalogues from various shows sponsored by or shown at the Academy. Much of the material relates to the two Tournaments of Arts and Crafts, held in April of 1931 and 1932, and which proved to be wildly popular month-long programs of juried exhibitions and competitions in drama, music, literature, elocution and dancing. Several of the items in the series have been cut out of a scrapbook created by Sallie Leigh Cole sometime in 1931 (see Series 4 for Cole's notes). It is not known when or by whom the items were removed.","The series is comprised of correspondence, chiefly between Thomas C. Colt, Director of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts and Captain W.M.F. Bayliss, Secretary of the Board of Trustees and later President of the Academy, who discussed the possibilities for a new home for the Academy in 1938, including the consideration of housing the Academy at the museum. Eventually, Colt convinced Bayliss that the museum and the Academy needed to remain two separate entities, while still supporting the Academy's mission and purpose. In 1940, the discussion turned to the topic of a Salon des Refuses, which presented paintings that were denied entry into the Third Biennial Exhibition of Contemporary American Painting at the museum, an idea Colt strongly supported. Other correspondents include Thomas Singleton, Director of the Academy, Adele Clark, State Director of the W.P.A. Project, and Blythe Branch, Richmond resident and philanthropist.","The series consists of correspondence and notes relating to Sallie Leigh Cole, a local Richmond artist, and her relationship with the Academy in the early 1930s. In one letter she is invited to submit her artwork (media unknown) to a traveling exhibition of paintings, drawings and prints. Another letter notifies Cole that she is to serve as a hostess for the opening tea of the second Tournament of Arts and Crafts in 1932. Cole's notes outline the contents of a scrapbook that documented the early history of the Academy; her handwritten Foreword reads, \"This scrapbook was assembled by the Art Appreciation Class of Richmond Normal School in the spring of 1931. An attempt has been made to collect and compile data of the history of the Richmond Academy of Arts from its beginning in 1786 through its revival in 1931. The members of the art class working on this scrapbook were\"; the Foreword stops there. The scrapbook is no longer extant, although several of the items once glued into the book can be found in Series 1 of the collection. Cole also compiled information on French artist Charles Hoffbauer, who painted the murals \"The Four Seasons at the Confederacy\" at Battle Abbey in Richmond, which were completed in 1921. The series also includes a few items of unknown origin or relevance to Cole and the Academy, but were kept with the collection as they were discovered along with the other items.","The series is comprised of issues of the Southern States Art League Newsletter, a prominent regionalist artist organization, headquartered in New Orleans and in operation from 1922-1950, dedicated to promoting the cause and interests of Southern artists and the South through art. Holding annual conventions and exhibitions for almost every year of its 28-year existence, members of the League hailed from thirteen Southern states and the District of Columbia. Active membership was based upon the artist having been born in the South or a resident for two years, and in active practice of an artistic profession. It is unknown how many Richmond artists were members, but the Virginia Museum was a Sustaining Member, and in 1947, the League's annual exhibition of Southern artists was hung concurrently with the museum's annual exhibition of Virginia Artists, suggesting a strong link between Richmond and the League.","The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.","The collection documents the rich history of Richmond's artistic culture and community in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Drawing upon the legacy of the first Academy of Fine Arts in the United States, founded in Richmond in 1786, the Richmond Academy of Arts was revived in 1930, and records created throughout the organization's history comprise the majority of the collection. The Academy provided the most cohesive and active arts organization in Richmond before the founding of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. Even after the museum's opening in 1936, the relationship between the Academy and the museum is notable; from the correspondence between Thomas C. Colt, the museum's first Director, and two Presidents of the Academy, to the creation of Richmond's first \"Salon des Refuses,\" and to the repeated overlapping of artist and patron names within the organizations.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts","Richmond Academy of Arts","Southern States Art League","Art Club of Richmond","Tournament of Arts and Crafts","Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Woman's Club (Richmond, Va.)‏","Cole, Sallie Leigh","Colt, Thomas C., 1905-1985","Weddell, Alexander Wilbourne, 1876-1948","Singleton, Thomas","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Bayliss, W. M. F.‏ (William Murray Forbes), 1896-","Branch, Blythe","Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC-03","/repositories/2/resources/17"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Records of Virginia Arts Organizations (SC-03)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Records of Virginia Arts Organizations (SC-03)"],"collection_ssim":["Records of Virginia Arts Organizations (SC-03)"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"geogname_ssm":["Richmond (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Richmond (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts","Richmond Academy of Arts","Southern States Art League","Cole, Sallie Leigh","Colt, Thomas C., 1905-1985","Weddell, Alexander Wilbourne, 1876-1948","Singleton, Thomas","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Bayliss, W. M. F.‏ (William Murray Forbes), 1896-","Branch, Blythe"],"creator_ssim":["Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts","Richmond Academy of Arts","Southern States Art League","Cole, Sallie Leigh","Colt, Thomas C., 1905-1985","Weddell, Alexander Wilbourne, 1876-1948","Singleton, Thomas","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Bayliss, W. M. F.‏ (William Murray Forbes), 1896-","Branch, Blythe"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Cole, Sallie Leigh","Colt, Thomas C., 1905-1985","Weddell, Alexander Wilbourne, 1876-1948","Singleton, Thomas","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Bayliss, W. M. F.‏ (William Murray Forbes), 1896-","Branch, Blythe"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts","Richmond Academy of Arts","Southern States Art League"],"creators_ssim":["Cole, Sallie Leigh","Colt, Thomas C., 1905-1985","Weddell, Alexander Wilbourne, 1876-1948","Singleton, Thomas","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Bayliss, W. M. F.‏ (William Murray Forbes), 1896-","Branch, Blythe","Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts","Richmond Academy of Arts","Southern States Art League"],"places_ssim":["Richmond (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Art, American -- Virginia -- 20th century","Artists -- Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Art, American -- Virginia -- 20th century","Artists -- Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.5 Linear Feet 1 box, 12 folders; 113 items"],"extent_tesim":["0.5 Linear Feet 1 box, 12 folders; 113 items"],"date_range_isim":[1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into five series, and items are arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are placed at the end of a series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 1\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eEarly Arts Organizations, 1888-1928\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 2\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRichmond Academy of Arts/Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts, 1917-1942 \u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 3\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eCorrespondence, 1931-1942\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 4\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSallie Leigh Cole, Correspondence and Notes, 1931-1932, undated\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 5\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e\"Southern States Art League Newsletter,\" 1941-1942\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into five series, and items are arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are placed at the end of a series.","Series 1 Early Arts Organizations, 1888-1928 Series 2 Richmond Academy of Arts/Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts, 1917-1942  Series 3 Correspondence, 1931-1942 Series 4 Sallie Leigh Cole, Correspondence and Notes, 1931-1932, undated Series 5 \"Southern States Art League Newsletter,\" 1941-1942"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eThe Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the United States of America: Being an Outline of the History of the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the U.S.A. Established at Richmond, Virginia on May 8th, in the year 1786, 1931\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eRichmond, Virginia, in Old Prints 1737-1887, 1932\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eThe Twenty-Seventh Annual Exhibition of the Southern States Art League, 1947 \u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eExhibition File: 27th Annual Exhibition of the Southern States Art League, 1947\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eSubject File: Art Organizations and Foundations: Virginia: Private: Richmond Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts (2 folders)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eJulia Sully Papers (Coll. No. 26567)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eStatuts \u0026amp; reglemens de l'Academie des Sciences \u0026amp; Beaux Arts des Etats-Unis de l'Amerique, etablie a Richemond, capitale de la Virginie, 1786 (Coll No. 23617)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eEdmund S. Campbell Papers (Coll. No. 3505)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eAdele Goodman Clark Papers (Coll. No. M9)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eAdele Clark Papers (Coll. No. Mss1 C5472 a FA2)\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Related Materials: VMFA Library - Book","Related Material: VMFA Library - Catalogs","Related Materials: VMFA Library - Vertical Files","Related Materials: Library of Virginia","Related Materials: University of Virginia","Related Materials: Virginia Commonwealth University","Related Materials: Virginia Historical Society"],"bibliography_tesim":["The Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the United States of America: Being an Outline of the History of the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the U.S.A. Established at Richmond, Virginia on May 8th, in the year 1786, 1931","Richmond, Virginia, in Old Prints 1737-1887, 1932","The Twenty-Seventh Annual Exhibition of the Southern States Art League, 1947 ","Exhibition File: 27th Annual Exhibition of the Southern States Art League, 1947","Subject File: Art Organizations and Foundations: Virginia: Private: Richmond Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts (2 folders)","Julia Sully Papers (Coll. No. 26567)","Statuts \u0026 reglemens de l'Academie des Sciences \u0026 Beaux Arts des Etats-Unis de l'Amerique, etablie a Richemond, capitale de la Virginie, 1786 (Coll No. 23617)","Edmund S. Campbell Papers (Coll. No. 3505)","Adele Goodman Clark Papers (Coll. No. M9)","Adele Clark Papers (Coll. No. Mss1 C5472 a FA2)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOn May 8, 1786, the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the United States of America was founded in Richmond, Virginia, the first institution of its kind formed in the States. The establishment of the Academy was the result of a zealous young French soldier and scholar, the Chevalier Alexander Marie Quesnay de Beaurepaire, who landed in Portsmouth, Virginia in early March 1777. Quesnay lobbied for over ten years to see his Academy built and was finally rewarded on June 24, 1786 when the cornerstone for a gallery, museum, theater and school was laid at Academy Square by Richmond's Masonic Lodge No. 13. After the completion of the building later that year, and the opening of the Academy strictly for theatrical purposes on October 10, the Academy quickly started experiencing financial problems. Within months of the opening, Quesnay quietly slipped out of the country to return to France on a quest to secure further funding, and he spent the next two and a half years trying to enlist the support of members of Paris' learned societies. With the fall of the Bastille in July 1789 however, Quesnay was called upon to serve as a commander in the Parisian militia, surviving the revolution, but never to return to his Academy or even to America's shores. The Academy continued to serve as a center for drama until the building was destroyed by a catastrophic fire on January 23, 1798. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter one hundred and thirty years elapsed, it was Quesnay's Academy that many noted Richmond artists sought to revive in the early 1930s, when the Academy was resurrected in Richmond. Decades earlier, members of another Richmond art organization, the Art Club of Richmond, directed their attention towards this task and created an Academy Committee within the Club to promote interest in its revival. In the spring of 1917, the Committee began a fund-raising effort by selling subscriptions for a sum invested in Liberty Bonds, to be paid towards an Academy Fund. The continuing war effort stalled the project however and the Art Club passed out of existence. In 1919, the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts was organized by Adele Clark and Nora Houston, and one of its main objectives was to restore the Academy, a movement which didn't gain real strength until 1924-1925, but finally resulted in the chartering of the Richmond Academy of Arts in 1930 \"to resume and promote the cultural activities and purposes of the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the United States of America.\" While all the while remaining true to the goals of fostering and preserving the artistic culture of Richmond, the new Academy was re-chartered in 1936 as the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts, although it was known by both names until its charter was revoked and the organization went out of business in 1948, largely due to the Academy's failure to gain enough support to build an adequate facility, and its purpose was eventually subsumed into the mission of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSource: \u003ca href=\"http://www.pandora.vmfa.museum/uhtbin/cgisirsi.exe/x/0/0/57/5/3?searchdata1=75415%7bCKEY%7d\u0026amp;searchfield1=GENERAL%5eSUBJECT%5eGENERAL%5e%5e\u0026amp;user_id=WEBSERVER/\"\u003eThe Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the United States of American: Being an Outline of the History of the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSource: \"Poet, Patriot and Pedagogue,\" by John G. Roberts, \u003ca href=\"http://www.pandora.vmfa.museum/uhtbin/cgisirsi.exe/x/0/0/57/5/3?searchdata1=29161%7bCKEY%7d\u0026amp;searchfield1=GENERAL%5eSUBJECT%5eGENERAL%5e%5e\u0026amp;user_id=WEBSERVER/\"\u003eArts in Virginia\u003c/a\u003e, Winter 1966\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["On May 8, 1786, the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the United States of America was founded in Richmond, Virginia, the first institution of its kind formed in the States. The establishment of the Academy was the result of a zealous young French soldier and scholar, the Chevalier Alexander Marie Quesnay de Beaurepaire, who landed in Portsmouth, Virginia in early March 1777. Quesnay lobbied for over ten years to see his Academy built and was finally rewarded on June 24, 1786 when the cornerstone for a gallery, museum, theater and school was laid at Academy Square by Richmond's Masonic Lodge No. 13. After the completion of the building later that year, and the opening of the Academy strictly for theatrical purposes on October 10, the Academy quickly started experiencing financial problems. Within months of the opening, Quesnay quietly slipped out of the country to return to France on a quest to secure further funding, and he spent the next two and a half years trying to enlist the support of members of Paris' learned societies. With the fall of the Bastille in July 1789 however, Quesnay was called upon to serve as a commander in the Parisian militia, surviving the revolution, but never to return to his Academy or even to America's shores. The Academy continued to serve as a center for drama until the building was destroyed by a catastrophic fire on January 23, 1798. ","After one hundred and thirty years elapsed, it was Quesnay's Academy that many noted Richmond artists sought to revive in the early 1930s, when the Academy was resurrected in Richmond. Decades earlier, members of another Richmond art organization, the Art Club of Richmond, directed their attention towards this task and created an Academy Committee within the Club to promote interest in its revival. In the spring of 1917, the Committee began a fund-raising effort by selling subscriptions for a sum invested in Liberty Bonds, to be paid towards an Academy Fund. The continuing war effort stalled the project however and the Art Club passed out of existence. In 1919, the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts was organized by Adele Clark and Nora Houston, and one of its main objectives was to restore the Academy, a movement which didn't gain real strength until 1924-1925, but finally resulted in the chartering of the Richmond Academy of Arts in 1930 \"to resume and promote the cultural activities and purposes of the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the United States of America.\" While all the while remaining true to the goals of fostering and preserving the artistic culture of Richmond, the new Academy was re-chartered in 1936 as the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts, although it was known by both names until its charter was revoked and the organization went out of business in 1948, largely due to the Academy's failure to gain enough support to build an adequate facility, and its purpose was eventually subsumed into the mission of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts.","Source:  The Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the United States of American: Being an Outline of the History of the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts","Source: \"Poet, Patriot and Pedagogue,\" by John G. Roberts,  Arts in Virginia , Winter 1966"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is comprised of archival materials found in the VMFA Library's holdings. The collection was accessioned into the VMFA Archives' collection in August 2004.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["The collection is comprised of archival materials found in the VMFA Library's holdings. The collection was accessioned into the VMFA Archives' collection in August 2004."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords of Virginia Arts Organizations (SC-03). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Records of Virginia Arts Organizations (SC-03). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was initially processed in August 2004. A large accretion was processed in November 2005. During processing, original newspaper clippings were photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and incorporated into the vertical files in the Library collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Note"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was initially processed in August 2004. A large accretion was processed in November 2005. During processing, original newspaper clippings were photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and incorporated into the vertical files in the Library collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection's inclusive dates are 1888-1942, with the bulk of the material dating from 1931 and 1938. The collection is comprised of exhibition catalogs, correspondence, invitations, tickets, newsletters, bulletins and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is comprised of exhibition catalogs from various shows presented in Richmond and sponsored by different arts organizations from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, in the decades before the revival of the Richmond Academy of Arts in 1930. In 1888, the statewide \"Virginia Exposition\" was held at the fairgrounds in Richmond and mainly showcased artifacts of historical significance. Judge John Barton Payne donated his entire painting collection to the state of Virginia in 1919, which formed the core of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts' collection when it was founded. The Virginia League of Fine Arts was the successor to the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, and merged with the Academy just two years after their \"First Municipal Art Exhibition of Richmond\" in 1928.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series is comprised mainly of exhibition catalogues from various shows sponsored by or shown at the Academy. Much of the material relates to the two Tournaments of Arts and Crafts, held in April of 1931 and 1932, and which proved to be wildly popular month-long programs of juried exhibitions and competitions in drama, music, literature, elocution and dancing. Several of the items in the series have been cut out of a scrapbook created by Sallie Leigh Cole sometime in 1931 (see Series 4 for Cole's notes). It is not known when or by whom the items were removed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series is comprised of correspondence, chiefly between Thomas C. Colt, Director of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts and Captain W.M.F. Bayliss, Secretary of the Board of Trustees and later President of the Academy, who discussed the possibilities for a new home for the Academy in 1938, including the consideration of housing the Academy at the museum. Eventually, Colt convinced Bayliss that the museum and the Academy needed to remain two separate entities, while still supporting the Academy's mission and purpose. In 1940, the discussion turned to the topic of a Salon des Refuses, which presented paintings that were denied entry into the Third Biennial Exhibition of Contemporary American Painting at the museum, an idea Colt strongly supported. Other correspondents include Thomas Singleton, Director of the Academy, Adele Clark, State Director of the W.P.A. Project, and Blythe Branch, Richmond resident and philanthropist.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series consists of correspondence and notes relating to Sallie Leigh Cole, a local Richmond artist, and her relationship with the Academy in the early 1930s. In one letter she is invited to submit her artwork (media unknown) to a traveling exhibition of paintings, drawings and prints. Another letter notifies Cole that she is to serve as a hostess for the opening tea of the second Tournament of Arts and Crafts in 1932. Cole's notes outline the contents of a scrapbook that documented the early history of the Academy; her handwritten Foreword reads, \"This scrapbook was assembled by the Art Appreciation Class of Richmond Normal School in the spring of 1931. An attempt has been made to collect and compile data of the history of the Richmond Academy of Arts from its beginning in 1786 through its revival in 1931. The members of the art class working on this scrapbook were\"; the Foreword stops there. The scrapbook is no longer extant, although several of the items once glued into the book can be found in Series 1 of the collection. Cole also compiled information on French artist Charles Hoffbauer, who painted the murals \"The Four Seasons at the Confederacy\" at Battle Abbey in Richmond, which were completed in 1921. The series also includes a few items of unknown origin or relevance to Cole and the Academy, but were kept with the collection as they were discovered along with the other items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series is comprised of issues of the Southern States Art League Newsletter, a prominent regionalist artist organization, headquartered in New Orleans and in operation from 1922-1950, dedicated to promoting the cause and interests of Southern artists and the South through art. Holding annual conventions and exhibitions for almost every year of its 28-year existence, members of the League hailed from thirteen Southern states and the District of Columbia. Active membership was based upon the artist having been born in the South or a resident for two years, and in active practice of an artistic profession. It is unknown how many Richmond artists were members, but the Virginia Museum was a Sustaining Member, and in 1947, the League's annual exhibition of Southern artists was hung concurrently with the museum's annual exhibition of Virginia Artists, suggesting a strong link between Richmond and the League.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Note","Series Description","Series Description","Series Description","Series Description","Series Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection's inclusive dates are 1888-1942, with the bulk of the material dating from 1931 and 1938. The collection is comprised of exhibition catalogs, correspondence, invitations, tickets, newsletters, bulletins and other ephemeral material.","This series is comprised of exhibition catalogs from various shows presented in Richmond and sponsored by different arts organizations from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, in the decades before the revival of the Richmond Academy of Arts in 1930. In 1888, the statewide \"Virginia Exposition\" was held at the fairgrounds in Richmond and mainly showcased artifacts of historical significance. Judge John Barton Payne donated his entire painting collection to the state of Virginia in 1919, which formed the core of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts' collection when it was founded. The Virginia League of Fine Arts was the successor to the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, and merged with the Academy just two years after their \"First Municipal Art Exhibition of Richmond\" in 1928.","The series is comprised mainly of exhibition catalogues from various shows sponsored by or shown at the Academy. Much of the material relates to the two Tournaments of Arts and Crafts, held in April of 1931 and 1932, and which proved to be wildly popular month-long programs of juried exhibitions and competitions in drama, music, literature, elocution and dancing. Several of the items in the series have been cut out of a scrapbook created by Sallie Leigh Cole sometime in 1931 (see Series 4 for Cole's notes). It is not known when or by whom the items were removed.","The series is comprised of correspondence, chiefly between Thomas C. Colt, Director of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts and Captain W.M.F. Bayliss, Secretary of the Board of Trustees and later President of the Academy, who discussed the possibilities for a new home for the Academy in 1938, including the consideration of housing the Academy at the museum. Eventually, Colt convinced Bayliss that the museum and the Academy needed to remain two separate entities, while still supporting the Academy's mission and purpose. In 1940, the discussion turned to the topic of a Salon des Refuses, which presented paintings that were denied entry into the Third Biennial Exhibition of Contemporary American Painting at the museum, an idea Colt strongly supported. Other correspondents include Thomas Singleton, Director of the Academy, Adele Clark, State Director of the W.P.A. Project, and Blythe Branch, Richmond resident and philanthropist.","The series consists of correspondence and notes relating to Sallie Leigh Cole, a local Richmond artist, and her relationship with the Academy in the early 1930s. In one letter she is invited to submit her artwork (media unknown) to a traveling exhibition of paintings, drawings and prints. Another letter notifies Cole that she is to serve as a hostess for the opening tea of the second Tournament of Arts and Crafts in 1932. Cole's notes outline the contents of a scrapbook that documented the early history of the Academy; her handwritten Foreword reads, \"This scrapbook was assembled by the Art Appreciation Class of Richmond Normal School in the spring of 1931. An attempt has been made to collect and compile data of the history of the Richmond Academy of Arts from its beginning in 1786 through its revival in 1931. The members of the art class working on this scrapbook were\"; the Foreword stops there. The scrapbook is no longer extant, although several of the items once glued into the book can be found in Series 1 of the collection. Cole also compiled information on French artist Charles Hoffbauer, who painted the murals \"The Four Seasons at the Confederacy\" at Battle Abbey in Richmond, which were completed in 1921. The series also includes a few items of unknown origin or relevance to Cole and the Academy, but were kept with the collection as they were discovered along with the other items.","The series is comprised of issues of the Southern States Art League Newsletter, a prominent regionalist artist organization, headquartered in New Orleans and in operation from 1922-1950, dedicated to promoting the cause and interests of Southern artists and the South through art. Holding annual conventions and exhibitions for almost every year of its 28-year existence, members of the League hailed from thirteen Southern states and the District of Columbia. Active membership was based upon the artist having been born in the South or a resident for two years, and in active practice of an artistic profession. It is unknown how many Richmond artists were members, but the Virginia Museum was a Sustaining Member, and in 1947, the League's annual exhibition of Southern artists was hung concurrently with the museum's annual exhibition of Virginia Artists, suggesting a strong link between Richmond and the League."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Publication"],"userestrict_tesim":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7f7888ae484e7c6bfb4c577f3b85ff90\"\u003eThe collection documents the rich history of Richmond's artistic culture and community in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Drawing upon the legacy of the first Academy of Fine Arts in the United States, founded in Richmond in 1786, the Richmond Academy of Arts was revived in 1930, and records created throughout the organization's history comprise the majority of the collection. The Academy provided the most cohesive and active arts organization in Richmond before the founding of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. Even after the museum's opening in 1936, the relationship between the Academy and the museum is notable; from the correspondence between Thomas C. Colt, the museum's first Director, and two Presidents of the Academy, to the creation of Richmond's first \"Salon des Refuses,\" and to the repeated overlapping of artist and patron names within the organizations.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection documents the rich history of Richmond's artistic culture and community in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Drawing upon the legacy of the first Academy of Fine Arts in the United States, founded in Richmond in 1786, the Richmond Academy of Arts was revived in 1930, and records created throughout the organization's history comprise the majority of the collection. The Academy provided the most cohesive and active arts organization in Richmond before the founding of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. Even after the museum's opening in 1936, the relationship between the Academy and the museum is notable; from the correspondence between Thomas C. Colt, the museum's first Director, and two Presidents of the Academy, to the creation of Richmond's first \"Salon des Refuses,\" and to the repeated overlapping of artist and patron names within the organizations."],"names_coll_ssim":["Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts","Art Club of Richmond","Richmond Academy of Arts","Southern States Art League","Tournament of Arts and Crafts","Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Woman's Club (Richmond, Va.)‏","Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts","Richmond Academy of Arts","Southern States Art League","Art Club of Richmond","Tournament of Arts and Crafts","Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Woman's Club (Richmond, Va.)‏","Cole, Sallie Leigh","Colt, Thomas C., 1905-1985","Weddell, Alexander Wilbourne, 1876-1948","Singleton, Thomas","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Bayliss, W. M. F.‏ (William Murray Forbes), 1896-","Branch, Blythe","Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts","Richmond Academy of Arts","Southern States Art League","Art Club of Richmond","Tournament of Arts and Crafts","Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Woman's Club (Richmond, Va.)‏"],"persname_ssim":["Cole, Sallie Leigh","Colt, Thomas C., 1905-1985","Weddell, Alexander Wilbourne, 1876-1948","Singleton, Thomas","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Bayliss, W. M. F.‏ (William Murray Forbes), 1896-","Branch, Blythe","Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":126,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T03:32:35.642Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_17","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_17","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_17","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_17","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMFA/repositories_2_resources_17.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.vmfa.museum/repositories/2/resources/17","title_filing_ssi":"Virginia Arts Organizations (SC-03)","title_ssm":["Records of Virginia Arts Organizations (SC-03)"],"title_tesim":["Records of Virginia Arts Organizations (SC-03)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1888-1942"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1888-1942"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC-03","/repositories/2/resources/17"],"text":["SC-03","/repositories/2/resources/17","Records of Virginia Arts Organizations (SC-03)","Richmond (Va.)","Art, American -- Virginia -- 20th century","Artists -- Virginia","The collection is open for research.","The collection is organized into five series, and items are arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are placed at the end of a series.","Series 1 Early Arts Organizations, 1888-1928 Series 2 Richmond Academy of Arts/Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts, 1917-1942  Series 3 Correspondence, 1931-1942 Series 4 Sallie Leigh Cole, Correspondence and Notes, 1931-1932, undated Series 5 \"Southern States Art League Newsletter,\" 1941-1942","The Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the United States of America: Being an Outline of the History of the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the U.S.A. Established at Richmond, Virginia on May 8th, in the year 1786, 1931","Richmond, Virginia, in Old Prints 1737-1887, 1932","The Twenty-Seventh Annual Exhibition of the Southern States Art League, 1947 ","Exhibition File: 27th Annual Exhibition of the Southern States Art League, 1947","Subject File: Art Organizations and Foundations: Virginia: Private: Richmond Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts (2 folders)","Julia Sully Papers (Coll. No. 26567)","Statuts \u0026 reglemens de l'Academie des Sciences \u0026 Beaux Arts des Etats-Unis de l'Amerique, etablie a Richemond, capitale de la Virginie, 1786 (Coll No. 23617)","Edmund S. Campbell Papers (Coll. No. 3505)","Adele Goodman Clark Papers (Coll. No. M9)","Adele Clark Papers (Coll. No. Mss1 C5472 a FA2)","On May 8, 1786, the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the United States of America was founded in Richmond, Virginia, the first institution of its kind formed in the States. The establishment of the Academy was the result of a zealous young French soldier and scholar, the Chevalier Alexander Marie Quesnay de Beaurepaire, who landed in Portsmouth, Virginia in early March 1777. Quesnay lobbied for over ten years to see his Academy built and was finally rewarded on June 24, 1786 when the cornerstone for a gallery, museum, theater and school was laid at Academy Square by Richmond's Masonic Lodge No. 13. After the completion of the building later that year, and the opening of the Academy strictly for theatrical purposes on October 10, the Academy quickly started experiencing financial problems. Within months of the opening, Quesnay quietly slipped out of the country to return to France on a quest to secure further funding, and he spent the next two and a half years trying to enlist the support of members of Paris' learned societies. With the fall of the Bastille in July 1789 however, Quesnay was called upon to serve as a commander in the Parisian militia, surviving the revolution, but never to return to his Academy or even to America's shores. The Academy continued to serve as a center for drama until the building was destroyed by a catastrophic fire on January 23, 1798. ","After one hundred and thirty years elapsed, it was Quesnay's Academy that many noted Richmond artists sought to revive in the early 1930s, when the Academy was resurrected in Richmond. Decades earlier, members of another Richmond art organization, the Art Club of Richmond, directed their attention towards this task and created an Academy Committee within the Club to promote interest in its revival. In the spring of 1917, the Committee began a fund-raising effort by selling subscriptions for a sum invested in Liberty Bonds, to be paid towards an Academy Fund. The continuing war effort stalled the project however and the Art Club passed out of existence. In 1919, the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts was organized by Adele Clark and Nora Houston, and one of its main objectives was to restore the Academy, a movement which didn't gain real strength until 1924-1925, but finally resulted in the chartering of the Richmond Academy of Arts in 1930 \"to resume and promote the cultural activities and purposes of the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the United States of America.\" While all the while remaining true to the goals of fostering and preserving the artistic culture of Richmond, the new Academy was re-chartered in 1936 as the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts, although it was known by both names until its charter was revoked and the organization went out of business in 1948, largely due to the Academy's failure to gain enough support to build an adequate facility, and its purpose was eventually subsumed into the mission of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts.","Source:  The Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the United States of American: Being an Outline of the History of the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts","Source: \"Poet, Patriot and Pedagogue,\" by John G. Roberts,  Arts in Virginia , Winter 1966","The collection is comprised of archival materials found in the VMFA Library's holdings. The collection was accessioned into the VMFA Archives' collection in August 2004.","The collection was initially processed in August 2004. A large accretion was processed in November 2005. During processing, original newspaper clippings were photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and incorporated into the vertical files in the Library collection.","The collection's inclusive dates are 1888-1942, with the bulk of the material dating from 1931 and 1938. The collection is comprised of exhibition catalogs, correspondence, invitations, tickets, newsletters, bulletins and other ephemeral material.","This series is comprised of exhibition catalogs from various shows presented in Richmond and sponsored by different arts organizations from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, in the decades before the revival of the Richmond Academy of Arts in 1930. In 1888, the statewide \"Virginia Exposition\" was held at the fairgrounds in Richmond and mainly showcased artifacts of historical significance. Judge John Barton Payne donated his entire painting collection to the state of Virginia in 1919, which formed the core of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts' collection when it was founded. The Virginia League of Fine Arts was the successor to the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, and merged with the Academy just two years after their \"First Municipal Art Exhibition of Richmond\" in 1928.","The series is comprised mainly of exhibition catalogues from various shows sponsored by or shown at the Academy. Much of the material relates to the two Tournaments of Arts and Crafts, held in April of 1931 and 1932, and which proved to be wildly popular month-long programs of juried exhibitions and competitions in drama, music, literature, elocution and dancing. Several of the items in the series have been cut out of a scrapbook created by Sallie Leigh Cole sometime in 1931 (see Series 4 for Cole's notes). It is not known when or by whom the items were removed.","The series is comprised of correspondence, chiefly between Thomas C. Colt, Director of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts and Captain W.M.F. Bayliss, Secretary of the Board of Trustees and later President of the Academy, who discussed the possibilities for a new home for the Academy in 1938, including the consideration of housing the Academy at the museum. Eventually, Colt convinced Bayliss that the museum and the Academy needed to remain two separate entities, while still supporting the Academy's mission and purpose. In 1940, the discussion turned to the topic of a Salon des Refuses, which presented paintings that were denied entry into the Third Biennial Exhibition of Contemporary American Painting at the museum, an idea Colt strongly supported. Other correspondents include Thomas Singleton, Director of the Academy, Adele Clark, State Director of the W.P.A. Project, and Blythe Branch, Richmond resident and philanthropist.","The series consists of correspondence and notes relating to Sallie Leigh Cole, a local Richmond artist, and her relationship with the Academy in the early 1930s. In one letter she is invited to submit her artwork (media unknown) to a traveling exhibition of paintings, drawings and prints. Another letter notifies Cole that she is to serve as a hostess for the opening tea of the second Tournament of Arts and Crafts in 1932. Cole's notes outline the contents of a scrapbook that documented the early history of the Academy; her handwritten Foreword reads, \"This scrapbook was assembled by the Art Appreciation Class of Richmond Normal School in the spring of 1931. An attempt has been made to collect and compile data of the history of the Richmond Academy of Arts from its beginning in 1786 through its revival in 1931. The members of the art class working on this scrapbook were\"; the Foreword stops there. The scrapbook is no longer extant, although several of the items once glued into the book can be found in Series 1 of the collection. Cole also compiled information on French artist Charles Hoffbauer, who painted the murals \"The Four Seasons at the Confederacy\" at Battle Abbey in Richmond, which were completed in 1921. The series also includes a few items of unknown origin or relevance to Cole and the Academy, but were kept with the collection as they were discovered along with the other items.","The series is comprised of issues of the Southern States Art League Newsletter, a prominent regionalist artist organization, headquartered in New Orleans and in operation from 1922-1950, dedicated to promoting the cause and interests of Southern artists and the South through art. Holding annual conventions and exhibitions for almost every year of its 28-year existence, members of the League hailed from thirteen Southern states and the District of Columbia. Active membership was based upon the artist having been born in the South or a resident for two years, and in active practice of an artistic profession. It is unknown how many Richmond artists were members, but the Virginia Museum was a Sustaining Member, and in 1947, the League's annual exhibition of Southern artists was hung concurrently with the museum's annual exhibition of Virginia Artists, suggesting a strong link between Richmond and the League.","The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.","The collection documents the rich history of Richmond's artistic culture and community in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Drawing upon the legacy of the first Academy of Fine Arts in the United States, founded in Richmond in 1786, the Richmond Academy of Arts was revived in 1930, and records created throughout the organization's history comprise the majority of the collection. The Academy provided the most cohesive and active arts organization in Richmond before the founding of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. Even after the museum's opening in 1936, the relationship between the Academy and the museum is notable; from the correspondence between Thomas C. Colt, the museum's first Director, and two Presidents of the Academy, to the creation of Richmond's first \"Salon des Refuses,\" and to the repeated overlapping of artist and patron names within the organizations.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts","Richmond Academy of Arts","Southern States Art League","Art Club of Richmond","Tournament of Arts and Crafts","Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Woman's Club (Richmond, Va.)‏","Cole, Sallie Leigh","Colt, Thomas C., 1905-1985","Weddell, Alexander Wilbourne, 1876-1948","Singleton, Thomas","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Bayliss, W. M. F.‏ (William Murray Forbes), 1896-","Branch, Blythe","Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC-03","/repositories/2/resources/17"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Records of Virginia Arts Organizations (SC-03)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Records of Virginia Arts Organizations (SC-03)"],"collection_ssim":["Records of Virginia Arts Organizations (SC-03)"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"geogname_ssm":["Richmond (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Richmond (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts","Richmond Academy of Arts","Southern States Art League","Cole, Sallie Leigh","Colt, Thomas C., 1905-1985","Weddell, Alexander Wilbourne, 1876-1948","Singleton, Thomas","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Bayliss, W. M. F.‏ (William Murray Forbes), 1896-","Branch, Blythe"],"creator_ssim":["Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts","Richmond Academy of Arts","Southern States Art League","Cole, Sallie Leigh","Colt, Thomas C., 1905-1985","Weddell, Alexander Wilbourne, 1876-1948","Singleton, Thomas","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Bayliss, W. M. F.‏ (William Murray Forbes), 1896-","Branch, Blythe"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Cole, Sallie Leigh","Colt, Thomas C., 1905-1985","Weddell, Alexander Wilbourne, 1876-1948","Singleton, Thomas","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Bayliss, W. M. F.‏ (William Murray Forbes), 1896-","Branch, Blythe"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts","Richmond Academy of Arts","Southern States Art League"],"creators_ssim":["Cole, Sallie Leigh","Colt, Thomas C., 1905-1985","Weddell, Alexander Wilbourne, 1876-1948","Singleton, Thomas","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Bayliss, W. M. F.‏ (William Murray Forbes), 1896-","Branch, Blythe","Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts","Richmond Academy of Arts","Southern States Art League"],"places_ssim":["Richmond (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Art, American -- Virginia -- 20th century","Artists -- Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Art, American -- Virginia -- 20th century","Artists -- Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.5 Linear Feet 1 box, 12 folders; 113 items"],"extent_tesim":["0.5 Linear Feet 1 box, 12 folders; 113 items"],"date_range_isim":[1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into five series, and items are arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are placed at the end of a series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 1\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eEarly Arts Organizations, 1888-1928\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 2\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRichmond Academy of Arts/Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts, 1917-1942 \u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 3\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eCorrespondence, 1931-1942\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 4\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSallie Leigh Cole, Correspondence and Notes, 1931-1932, undated\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 5\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e\"Southern States Art League Newsletter,\" 1941-1942\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into five series, and items are arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are placed at the end of a series.","Series 1 Early Arts Organizations, 1888-1928 Series 2 Richmond Academy of Arts/Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts, 1917-1942  Series 3 Correspondence, 1931-1942 Series 4 Sallie Leigh Cole, Correspondence and Notes, 1931-1932, undated Series 5 \"Southern States Art League Newsletter,\" 1941-1942"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eThe Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the United States of America: Being an Outline of the History of the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the U.S.A. Established at Richmond, Virginia on May 8th, in the year 1786, 1931\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eRichmond, Virginia, in Old Prints 1737-1887, 1932\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eThe Twenty-Seventh Annual Exhibition of the Southern States Art League, 1947 \u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eExhibition File: 27th Annual Exhibition of the Southern States Art League, 1947\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eSubject File: Art Organizations and Foundations: Virginia: Private: Richmond Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts (2 folders)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eJulia Sully Papers (Coll. No. 26567)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eStatuts \u0026amp; reglemens de l'Academie des Sciences \u0026amp; Beaux Arts des Etats-Unis de l'Amerique, etablie a Richemond, capitale de la Virginie, 1786 (Coll No. 23617)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eEdmund S. Campbell Papers (Coll. No. 3505)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eAdele Goodman Clark Papers (Coll. No. M9)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eAdele Clark Papers (Coll. No. Mss1 C5472 a FA2)\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Related Materials: VMFA Library - Book","Related Material: VMFA Library - Catalogs","Related Materials: VMFA Library - Vertical Files","Related Materials: Library of Virginia","Related Materials: University of Virginia","Related Materials: Virginia Commonwealth University","Related Materials: Virginia Historical Society"],"bibliography_tesim":["The Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the United States of America: Being an Outline of the History of the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the U.S.A. Established at Richmond, Virginia on May 8th, in the year 1786, 1931","Richmond, Virginia, in Old Prints 1737-1887, 1932","The Twenty-Seventh Annual Exhibition of the Southern States Art League, 1947 ","Exhibition File: 27th Annual Exhibition of the Southern States Art League, 1947","Subject File: Art Organizations and Foundations: Virginia: Private: Richmond Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts (2 folders)","Julia Sully Papers (Coll. No. 26567)","Statuts \u0026 reglemens de l'Academie des Sciences \u0026 Beaux Arts des Etats-Unis de l'Amerique, etablie a Richemond, capitale de la Virginie, 1786 (Coll No. 23617)","Edmund S. Campbell Papers (Coll. No. 3505)","Adele Goodman Clark Papers (Coll. No. M9)","Adele Clark Papers (Coll. No. Mss1 C5472 a FA2)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOn May 8, 1786, the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the United States of America was founded in Richmond, Virginia, the first institution of its kind formed in the States. The establishment of the Academy was the result of a zealous young French soldier and scholar, the Chevalier Alexander Marie Quesnay de Beaurepaire, who landed in Portsmouth, Virginia in early March 1777. Quesnay lobbied for over ten years to see his Academy built and was finally rewarded on June 24, 1786 when the cornerstone for a gallery, museum, theater and school was laid at Academy Square by Richmond's Masonic Lodge No. 13. After the completion of the building later that year, and the opening of the Academy strictly for theatrical purposes on October 10, the Academy quickly started experiencing financial problems. Within months of the opening, Quesnay quietly slipped out of the country to return to France on a quest to secure further funding, and he spent the next two and a half years trying to enlist the support of members of Paris' learned societies. With the fall of the Bastille in July 1789 however, Quesnay was called upon to serve as a commander in the Parisian militia, surviving the revolution, but never to return to his Academy or even to America's shores. The Academy continued to serve as a center for drama until the building was destroyed by a catastrophic fire on January 23, 1798. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter one hundred and thirty years elapsed, it was Quesnay's Academy that many noted Richmond artists sought to revive in the early 1930s, when the Academy was resurrected in Richmond. Decades earlier, members of another Richmond art organization, the Art Club of Richmond, directed their attention towards this task and created an Academy Committee within the Club to promote interest in its revival. In the spring of 1917, the Committee began a fund-raising effort by selling subscriptions for a sum invested in Liberty Bonds, to be paid towards an Academy Fund. The continuing war effort stalled the project however and the Art Club passed out of existence. In 1919, the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts was organized by Adele Clark and Nora Houston, and one of its main objectives was to restore the Academy, a movement which didn't gain real strength until 1924-1925, but finally resulted in the chartering of the Richmond Academy of Arts in 1930 \"to resume and promote the cultural activities and purposes of the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the United States of America.\" While all the while remaining true to the goals of fostering and preserving the artistic culture of Richmond, the new Academy was re-chartered in 1936 as the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts, although it was known by both names until its charter was revoked and the organization went out of business in 1948, largely due to the Academy's failure to gain enough support to build an adequate facility, and its purpose was eventually subsumed into the mission of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSource: \u003ca href=\"http://www.pandora.vmfa.museum/uhtbin/cgisirsi.exe/x/0/0/57/5/3?searchdata1=75415%7bCKEY%7d\u0026amp;searchfield1=GENERAL%5eSUBJECT%5eGENERAL%5e%5e\u0026amp;user_id=WEBSERVER/\"\u003eThe Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the United States of American: Being an Outline of the History of the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSource: \"Poet, Patriot and Pedagogue,\" by John G. Roberts, \u003ca href=\"http://www.pandora.vmfa.museum/uhtbin/cgisirsi.exe/x/0/0/57/5/3?searchdata1=29161%7bCKEY%7d\u0026amp;searchfield1=GENERAL%5eSUBJECT%5eGENERAL%5e%5e\u0026amp;user_id=WEBSERVER/\"\u003eArts in Virginia\u003c/a\u003e, Winter 1966\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["On May 8, 1786, the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the United States of America was founded in Richmond, Virginia, the first institution of its kind formed in the States. The establishment of the Academy was the result of a zealous young French soldier and scholar, the Chevalier Alexander Marie Quesnay de Beaurepaire, who landed in Portsmouth, Virginia in early March 1777. Quesnay lobbied for over ten years to see his Academy built and was finally rewarded on June 24, 1786 when the cornerstone for a gallery, museum, theater and school was laid at Academy Square by Richmond's Masonic Lodge No. 13. After the completion of the building later that year, and the opening of the Academy strictly for theatrical purposes on October 10, the Academy quickly started experiencing financial problems. Within months of the opening, Quesnay quietly slipped out of the country to return to France on a quest to secure further funding, and he spent the next two and a half years trying to enlist the support of members of Paris' learned societies. With the fall of the Bastille in July 1789 however, Quesnay was called upon to serve as a commander in the Parisian militia, surviving the revolution, but never to return to his Academy or even to America's shores. The Academy continued to serve as a center for drama until the building was destroyed by a catastrophic fire on January 23, 1798. ","After one hundred and thirty years elapsed, it was Quesnay's Academy that many noted Richmond artists sought to revive in the early 1930s, when the Academy was resurrected in Richmond. Decades earlier, members of another Richmond art organization, the Art Club of Richmond, directed their attention towards this task and created an Academy Committee within the Club to promote interest in its revival. In the spring of 1917, the Committee began a fund-raising effort by selling subscriptions for a sum invested in Liberty Bonds, to be paid towards an Academy Fund. The continuing war effort stalled the project however and the Art Club passed out of existence. In 1919, the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts was organized by Adele Clark and Nora Houston, and one of its main objectives was to restore the Academy, a movement which didn't gain real strength until 1924-1925, but finally resulted in the chartering of the Richmond Academy of Arts in 1930 \"to resume and promote the cultural activities and purposes of the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the United States of America.\" While all the while remaining true to the goals of fostering and preserving the artistic culture of Richmond, the new Academy was re-chartered in 1936 as the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts, although it was known by both names until its charter was revoked and the organization went out of business in 1948, largely due to the Academy's failure to gain enough support to build an adequate facility, and its purpose was eventually subsumed into the mission of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts.","Source:  The Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the United States of American: Being an Outline of the History of the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts","Source: \"Poet, Patriot and Pedagogue,\" by John G. Roberts,  Arts in Virginia , Winter 1966"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is comprised of archival materials found in the VMFA Library's holdings. The collection was accessioned into the VMFA Archives' collection in August 2004.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["The collection is comprised of archival materials found in the VMFA Library's holdings. The collection was accessioned into the VMFA Archives' collection in August 2004."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords of Virginia Arts Organizations (SC-03). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Records of Virginia Arts Organizations (SC-03). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was initially processed in August 2004. A large accretion was processed in November 2005. During processing, original newspaper clippings were photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and incorporated into the vertical files in the Library collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Note"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was initially processed in August 2004. A large accretion was processed in November 2005. During processing, original newspaper clippings were photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and incorporated into the vertical files in the Library collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection's inclusive dates are 1888-1942, with the bulk of the material dating from 1931 and 1938. The collection is comprised of exhibition catalogs, correspondence, invitations, tickets, newsletters, bulletins and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is comprised of exhibition catalogs from various shows presented in Richmond and sponsored by different arts organizations from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, in the decades before the revival of the Richmond Academy of Arts in 1930. In 1888, the statewide \"Virginia Exposition\" was held at the fairgrounds in Richmond and mainly showcased artifacts of historical significance. Judge John Barton Payne donated his entire painting collection to the state of Virginia in 1919, which formed the core of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts' collection when it was founded. The Virginia League of Fine Arts was the successor to the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, and merged with the Academy just two years after their \"First Municipal Art Exhibition of Richmond\" in 1928.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series is comprised mainly of exhibition catalogues from various shows sponsored by or shown at the Academy. Much of the material relates to the two Tournaments of Arts and Crafts, held in April of 1931 and 1932, and which proved to be wildly popular month-long programs of juried exhibitions and competitions in drama, music, literature, elocution and dancing. Several of the items in the series have been cut out of a scrapbook created by Sallie Leigh Cole sometime in 1931 (see Series 4 for Cole's notes). It is not known when or by whom the items were removed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series is comprised of correspondence, chiefly between Thomas C. Colt, Director of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts and Captain W.M.F. Bayliss, Secretary of the Board of Trustees and later President of the Academy, who discussed the possibilities for a new home for the Academy in 1938, including the consideration of housing the Academy at the museum. Eventually, Colt convinced Bayliss that the museum and the Academy needed to remain two separate entities, while still supporting the Academy's mission and purpose. In 1940, the discussion turned to the topic of a Salon des Refuses, which presented paintings that were denied entry into the Third Biennial Exhibition of Contemporary American Painting at the museum, an idea Colt strongly supported. Other correspondents include Thomas Singleton, Director of the Academy, Adele Clark, State Director of the W.P.A. Project, and Blythe Branch, Richmond resident and philanthropist.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series consists of correspondence and notes relating to Sallie Leigh Cole, a local Richmond artist, and her relationship with the Academy in the early 1930s. In one letter she is invited to submit her artwork (media unknown) to a traveling exhibition of paintings, drawings and prints. Another letter notifies Cole that she is to serve as a hostess for the opening tea of the second Tournament of Arts and Crafts in 1932. Cole's notes outline the contents of a scrapbook that documented the early history of the Academy; her handwritten Foreword reads, \"This scrapbook was assembled by the Art Appreciation Class of Richmond Normal School in the spring of 1931. An attempt has been made to collect and compile data of the history of the Richmond Academy of Arts from its beginning in 1786 through its revival in 1931. The members of the art class working on this scrapbook were\"; the Foreword stops there. The scrapbook is no longer extant, although several of the items once glued into the book can be found in Series 1 of the collection. Cole also compiled information on French artist Charles Hoffbauer, who painted the murals \"The Four Seasons at the Confederacy\" at Battle Abbey in Richmond, which were completed in 1921. The series also includes a few items of unknown origin or relevance to Cole and the Academy, but were kept with the collection as they were discovered along with the other items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series is comprised of issues of the Southern States Art League Newsletter, a prominent regionalist artist organization, headquartered in New Orleans and in operation from 1922-1950, dedicated to promoting the cause and interests of Southern artists and the South through art. Holding annual conventions and exhibitions for almost every year of its 28-year existence, members of the League hailed from thirteen Southern states and the District of Columbia. Active membership was based upon the artist having been born in the South or a resident for two years, and in active practice of an artistic profession. It is unknown how many Richmond artists were members, but the Virginia Museum was a Sustaining Member, and in 1947, the League's annual exhibition of Southern artists was hung concurrently with the museum's annual exhibition of Virginia Artists, suggesting a strong link between Richmond and the League.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Note","Series Description","Series Description","Series Description","Series Description","Series Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection's inclusive dates are 1888-1942, with the bulk of the material dating from 1931 and 1938. The collection is comprised of exhibition catalogs, correspondence, invitations, tickets, newsletters, bulletins and other ephemeral material.","This series is comprised of exhibition catalogs from various shows presented in Richmond and sponsored by different arts organizations from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, in the decades before the revival of the Richmond Academy of Arts in 1930. In 1888, the statewide \"Virginia Exposition\" was held at the fairgrounds in Richmond and mainly showcased artifacts of historical significance. Judge John Barton Payne donated his entire painting collection to the state of Virginia in 1919, which formed the core of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts' collection when it was founded. The Virginia League of Fine Arts was the successor to the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, and merged with the Academy just two years after their \"First Municipal Art Exhibition of Richmond\" in 1928.","The series is comprised mainly of exhibition catalogues from various shows sponsored by or shown at the Academy. Much of the material relates to the two Tournaments of Arts and Crafts, held in April of 1931 and 1932, and which proved to be wildly popular month-long programs of juried exhibitions and competitions in drama, music, literature, elocution and dancing. Several of the items in the series have been cut out of a scrapbook created by Sallie Leigh Cole sometime in 1931 (see Series 4 for Cole's notes). It is not known when or by whom the items were removed.","The series is comprised of correspondence, chiefly between Thomas C. Colt, Director of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts and Captain W.M.F. Bayliss, Secretary of the Board of Trustees and later President of the Academy, who discussed the possibilities for a new home for the Academy in 1938, including the consideration of housing the Academy at the museum. Eventually, Colt convinced Bayliss that the museum and the Academy needed to remain two separate entities, while still supporting the Academy's mission and purpose. In 1940, the discussion turned to the topic of a Salon des Refuses, which presented paintings that were denied entry into the Third Biennial Exhibition of Contemporary American Painting at the museum, an idea Colt strongly supported. Other correspondents include Thomas Singleton, Director of the Academy, Adele Clark, State Director of the W.P.A. Project, and Blythe Branch, Richmond resident and philanthropist.","The series consists of correspondence and notes relating to Sallie Leigh Cole, a local Richmond artist, and her relationship with the Academy in the early 1930s. In one letter she is invited to submit her artwork (media unknown) to a traveling exhibition of paintings, drawings and prints. Another letter notifies Cole that she is to serve as a hostess for the opening tea of the second Tournament of Arts and Crafts in 1932. Cole's notes outline the contents of a scrapbook that documented the early history of the Academy; her handwritten Foreword reads, \"This scrapbook was assembled by the Art Appreciation Class of Richmond Normal School in the spring of 1931. An attempt has been made to collect and compile data of the history of the Richmond Academy of Arts from its beginning in 1786 through its revival in 1931. The members of the art class working on this scrapbook were\"; the Foreword stops there. The scrapbook is no longer extant, although several of the items once glued into the book can be found in Series 1 of the collection. Cole also compiled information on French artist Charles Hoffbauer, who painted the murals \"The Four Seasons at the Confederacy\" at Battle Abbey in Richmond, which were completed in 1921. The series also includes a few items of unknown origin or relevance to Cole and the Academy, but were kept with the collection as they were discovered along with the other items.","The series is comprised of issues of the Southern States Art League Newsletter, a prominent regionalist artist organization, headquartered in New Orleans and in operation from 1922-1950, dedicated to promoting the cause and interests of Southern artists and the South through art. Holding annual conventions and exhibitions for almost every year of its 28-year existence, members of the League hailed from thirteen Southern states and the District of Columbia. Active membership was based upon the artist having been born in the South or a resident for two years, and in active practice of an artistic profession. It is unknown how many Richmond artists were members, but the Virginia Museum was a Sustaining Member, and in 1947, the League's annual exhibition of Southern artists was hung concurrently with the museum's annual exhibition of Virginia Artists, suggesting a strong link between Richmond and the League."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Publication"],"userestrict_tesim":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7f7888ae484e7c6bfb4c577f3b85ff90\"\u003eThe collection documents the rich history of Richmond's artistic culture and community in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Drawing upon the legacy of the first Academy of Fine Arts in the United States, founded in Richmond in 1786, the Richmond Academy of Arts was revived in 1930, and records created throughout the organization's history comprise the majority of the collection. The Academy provided the most cohesive and active arts organization in Richmond before the founding of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. Even after the museum's opening in 1936, the relationship between the Academy and the museum is notable; from the correspondence between Thomas C. Colt, the museum's first Director, and two Presidents of the Academy, to the creation of Richmond's first \"Salon des Refuses,\" and to the repeated overlapping of artist and patron names within the organizations.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection documents the rich history of Richmond's artistic culture and community in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Drawing upon the legacy of the first Academy of Fine Arts in the United States, founded in Richmond in 1786, the Richmond Academy of Arts was revived in 1930, and records created throughout the organization's history comprise the majority of the collection. The Academy provided the most cohesive and active arts organization in Richmond before the founding of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. Even after the museum's opening in 1936, the relationship between the Academy and the museum is notable; from the correspondence between Thomas C. Colt, the museum's first Director, and two Presidents of the Academy, to the creation of Richmond's first \"Salon des Refuses,\" and to the repeated overlapping of artist and patron names within the organizations."],"names_coll_ssim":["Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts","Art Club of Richmond","Richmond Academy of Arts","Southern States Art League","Tournament of Arts and Crafts","Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Woman's Club (Richmond, Va.)‏","Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts","Richmond Academy of Arts","Southern States Art League","Art Club of Richmond","Tournament of Arts and Crafts","Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Woman's Club (Richmond, Va.)‏","Cole, Sallie Leigh","Colt, Thomas C., 1905-1985","Weddell, Alexander Wilbourne, 1876-1948","Singleton, Thomas","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Bayliss, W. M. F.‏ (William Murray Forbes), 1896-","Branch, Blythe","Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts","Richmond Academy of Arts","Southern States Art League","Art Club of Richmond","Tournament of Arts and Crafts","Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Woman's Club (Richmond, Va.)‏"],"persname_ssim":["Cole, Sallie Leigh","Colt, Thomas C., 1905-1985","Weddell, Alexander Wilbourne, 1876-1948","Singleton, Thomas","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Bayliss, W. M. F.‏ (William Murray Forbes), 1896-","Branch, Blythe","Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":126,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T03:32:35.642Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_17"}},{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_2","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21)","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_2#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection documents the history of R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans, a large residential complex for poor and infirm Confederate veterans of the Civil War. Altogether a total of nearly three thousand veterans from thirty-three states called the camp home, and after the camp's closing, the Commonwealth eventually granted use of the buildings and land to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. The collection is comprised of photographs and postcards that document the changing landscape of the camp over 50 years, a rare guest register that includes thousands of guest signatures and a page signed by ten members of the Blackfeet Nation, and two extremely rare artifacts – reunion ribbons – provide material testimony to the reconciliation efforts of Confederate and Union veterans only twenty years after they faced each other as enemies during the Civil War.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_2#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_2","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_2","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_2","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_2","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMFA/repositories_2_resources_2.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.vmfa.museum/repositories/2/resources/2","title_filing_ssi":"R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans (SC-21)","title_ssm":["R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21)"],"title_tesim":["R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1885-1958"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1885-1958"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC-21","/repositories/2/resources/2"],"text":["SC-21","/repositories/2/resources/2","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21)","Lee Camp Soldiers' Home (Richmond, Va.)","Soldiers' homes -- Virginia -- Richmond","Home for Needy Confederate Women (Richmond, Va.)","Confederate Memorial Chapel","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Sons of Confederate Veterans (Organization). R.E. Lee Camp No. 1 (Richmond, Va.)","Grand Army of the Republic -- Seward Post No. 37 (Auburn, N.Y.)","The collection is open for research.","The digital collection can be accessed through the  VMFA Collections Search website .","The collection is organized into three series, and items are arranged chronologically within each series.","Series 1 Images, 1907-1958, undated Series 2 Publications, 1885-1914 Series 3 Realia, 1885","VMFA: Building History: Confederate Memorial Chapel","VMFA: Building History: Confederate Home for Ladies","VMFA: Building History: Robinson House: General","VMFA: Building History: Robinson House: Robinson Family, 1840s-1880s","VMFA: Building History: Robinson House: R.E. Lee Camp: Confederate Soldiers' Home (Fleming Hall)","VMFA: Building History: Robinson House: R.E. Lee Camp: Confederate Soldiers' Museum (Fleming Hall)","VMFA: Building History: Robinson House: \"Confederate Memorial Park,\" Post 1934 and Controversy, 1954","In the 1830s through the 1850s, Anthony Robinson Jr. purchased over 170 acres in the center of what would become the city of Richmond, including the property on which VMFA now stands. The estate, comprised of woods and open countryside, was cultivated and improved, no doubt through the labor of the enslaved African Americans listed in Robinson's tax records and will. Little is known about the earliest Robinson residence, but the imposing farmhouse still standing on the museum property was built by Anthony Robinson Jr. in the mid-1850s. In April 1865, during the final weeks of the Civil War, Union troops occupied the house and grounds at the invitation of Robinson's widow, Rebecca, in exchange for protection from looting. In 1883, the couple's son Channing sold the residence and thirty-six surrounding acres to establish a Confederate soldiers' home. ","Between 1885 and 1941 the property was the site of a large residential complex for poor and infirm Confederate veterans of the Civil War. Established by R. E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans, the camp was built with private funds, including donations from former Confederate and Union soldiers alike. At peak occupancy, residents numbered just over three hundred; altogether a total of nearly three thousand veterans from thirty-three states called the camp home. For the next half century, Robinson House, renamed Fleming Hall during the soldiers' home era, served as the compound's administration building and war museum. After the camp's closing, the Commonwealth granted use of the building to the Virginia Institute for Scientific Research in the 1950s and to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts from 1964 to the present.","The green space in the central grounds of today's VMFA property was once the commons of the Confederate soldiers' home. Around the oak-filled park stood the administration building, barracks, dining hall, hospital, recreation hall, steam plant, and assorted outbuildings. The superintendent's house, nine residential cottages, and a chapel formed an arc to the west. With the exception of Robinson House and the Confederate Memorial Chapel, the structures were demolished or moved in the early 1940s. From the camp's earliest years, the Commonwealth of Virginia helped fund the institution. In 1892, Lee Camp No. 1 agreed that the property would revert to the Commonwealth in twenty-two years. A later agreement extended that transition to the time when the original purpose of the home was no longer needed. When the last resident died in 1941, the Commonwealth gained ownership of the site. By that time, it had been designated as the Confederate Memorial Park.","Dedicated in 1887 to the Confederate war dead, the nondenominational Confederate Memorial Chapel (also referred to as the Pelham Chapel) served as a place of worship for the residents of R. E. Lee Camp, No. 1. Funded by donations from veterans and private citizens of the Commonwealth, it was designed by architect Marion J. Dimmock in the Carpenter-Gothic style. In the postwar era of reconciliation, Union veterans from Lynn, Massachusetts, donated the organ. By the time the camp closed fifty-four years later, the chapel had hosted approximately 1,700 funeral services for the former soldiers. ","The monumental limestone building to the west of the present museum grounds was built in 1932 as a residence for destitute female relatives of Confederate veterans. After relocating the final inhabitants of the Home for Needy Confederate Women to a nursing facility in 1989, the Commonwealth set aside the property for use by the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. ","Source:  History of the VMFA Grounds","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","The collection was created by the VMFA Archives in 2017 to bring together primary sources about the camp. The register and reunion ribbons were purchased by VMFA Library in November 2014 and July 2015. The postcards were donated by Elizabeth O'Leary in June 2015. The other materials were relocated from vertical files in the VMFA Library.","Copyright Dementi Studio","Registration ledger signature book for visitors to the Soldiers' Home. Commercially printed borders with advertising from Richmond area businesses. Includes a page signed by ten members of the Blackfeet Nation, including four Chiefs, with their pictograph inscriptions.","This item was removed on January 22, 2019 to be placed on exhibition in the Robinson House. The register was returned to the Archives on March 4, 2021 and a reproduction of the register is now on display in the exhibition.","This item was removed by Objects Conservator Ainslie Harrison on January 9, 2019 to be placed on exhibition in the Robinson House. The ribbon was returned to the Archives on November 22, 2019.","This item was removed by Objects Conservator Ainslie Harrison on January 9, 2019 to be placed on exhibition in the Robinson House. The ribbon was returned to the Archives on November 22, 2019.","The collection's inclusive dates are 1885-1958, with the bulk of the material dating from 1885-1937. The collection is comprised of photographs, postcards, reunion ribbons, press clippings, and a guest register.","The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Digitized content is licensed for use under a  Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License . Transmission or reproduction of other materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders. ","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","Copyright Undetermined: https://rightsstatements.org/page/UND/1.0/?language=en","Copyright Undetermined: https://rightsstatements.org/page/UND/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","The collection documents the history of R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans, a large residential complex for poor and infirm Confederate veterans of the Civil War. Altogether a total of nearly three thousand veterans from thirty-three states called the camp home, and after the camp's closing, the Commonwealth eventually granted use of the buildings and land to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. The collection is comprised of photographs and postcards that document the changing landscape of the camp over 50 years, a rare guest register that includes thousands of guest signatures and a page signed by ten members of the Blackfeet Nation, and two extremely rare artifacts – reunion ribbons – provide material testimony to the reconciliation efforts of Confederate and Union veterans only twenty years after they faced each other as enemies during the Civil War.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Dementi Studio","Baltimore sun","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Capitol News Agency","Hugh C. Leighton Company","Louis Kaufmann and Sons","Southern Bargain House","Frank Leslie's illustrated newspaper","Sons of Confederate Veterans (Organization). R.E. Lee Camp No. 1 (Richmond, Va.)","Grand Army of the Republic. Seward Post No. 37 (Auburn, N.Y.)","Leslie, Frank, 1821-1880","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["SC-21","/repositories/2/resources/2"],"normalized_title_ssm":["R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21)"],"collection_title_tesim":["R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21)"],"collection_ssim":["R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21)"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"access_terms_ssm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Digitized content is licensed for use under a  Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License . Transmission or reproduction of other materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders. "],"access_subjects_ssim":["Lee Camp Soldiers' Home (Richmond, Va.)","Soldiers' homes -- Virginia -- Richmond","Home for Needy Confederate Women (Richmond, Va.)","Confederate Memorial Chapel","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Sons of Confederate Veterans (Organization). R.E. Lee Camp No. 1 (Richmond, Va.)","Grand Army of the Republic -- Seward Post No. 37 (Auburn, N.Y.)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Lee Camp Soldiers' Home (Richmond, Va.)","Soldiers' homes -- Virginia -- Richmond","Home for Needy Confederate Women (Richmond, Va.)","Confederate Memorial Chapel","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Sons of Confederate Veterans (Organization). R.E. Lee Camp No. 1 (Richmond, Va.)","Grand Army of the Republic -- Seward Post No. 37 (Auburn, N.Y.)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Linear Feet 3 boxes; 13 items"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Linear Feet 3 boxes; 13 items"],"date_range_isim":[1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe digital collection can be accessed through the \u003ca href=\"https://www.vmfa.museum/archives/records-of-the-r-e-lee-camp-no-1-confederate-veterans-sc-21/\"\u003eVMFA Collections Search website\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research.","The digital collection can be accessed through the  VMFA Collections Search website ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into three series, and items are arranged chronologically within each series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 1\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eImages, 1907-1958, undated\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 2\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003ePublications, 1885-1914\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 3\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRealia, 1885\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into three series, and items are arranged chronologically within each series.","Series 1 Images, 1907-1958, undated Series 2 Publications, 1885-1914 Series 3 Realia, 1885"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eVMFA: Building History: Confederate Memorial Chapel\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eVMFA: Building History: Confederate Home for Ladies\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eVMFA: Building History: Robinson House: General\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eVMFA: Building History: Robinson House: Robinson Family, 1840s-1880s\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eVMFA: Building History: Robinson House: R.E. Lee Camp: Confederate Soldiers' Home (Fleming Hall)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eVMFA: Building History: Robinson House: R.E. Lee Camp: Confederate Soldiers' Museum (Fleming Hall)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eVMFA: Building History: Robinson House: \"Confederate Memorial Park,\" Post 1934 and Controversy, 1954\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Related Materials - VMFA Library: Subject Files"],"bibliography_tesim":["VMFA: Building History: Confederate Memorial Chapel","VMFA: Building History: Confederate Home for Ladies","VMFA: Building History: Robinson House: General","VMFA: Building History: Robinson House: Robinson Family, 1840s-1880s","VMFA: Building History: Robinson House: R.E. Lee Camp: Confederate Soldiers' Home (Fleming Hall)","VMFA: Building History: Robinson House: R.E. Lee Camp: Confederate Soldiers' Museum (Fleming Hall)","VMFA: Building History: Robinson House: \"Confederate Memorial Park,\" Post 1934 and Controversy, 1954"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn the 1830s through the 1850s, Anthony Robinson Jr. purchased over 170 acres in the center of what would become the city of Richmond, including the property on which VMFA now stands. The estate, comprised of woods and open countryside, was cultivated and improved, no doubt through the labor of the enslaved African Americans listed in Robinson's tax records and will. Little is known about the earliest Robinson residence, but the imposing farmhouse still standing on the museum property was built by Anthony Robinson Jr. in the mid-1850s. In April 1865, during the final weeks of the Civil War, Union troops occupied the house and grounds at the invitation of Robinson's widow, Rebecca, in exchange for protection from looting. In 1883, the couple's son Channing sold the residence and thirty-six surrounding acres to establish a Confederate soldiers' home. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBetween 1885 and 1941 the property was the site of a large residential complex for poor and infirm Confederate veterans of the Civil War. Established by R. E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans, the camp was built with private funds, including donations from former Confederate and Union soldiers alike. At peak occupancy, residents numbered just over three hundred; altogether a total of nearly three thousand veterans from thirty-three states called the camp home. For the next half century, Robinson House, renamed Fleming Hall during the soldiers' home era, served as the compound's administration building and war museum. After the camp's closing, the Commonwealth granted use of the building to the Virginia Institute for Scientific Research in the 1950s and to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts from 1964 to the present.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe green space in the central grounds of today's VMFA property was once the commons of the Confederate soldiers' home. Around the oak-filled park stood the administration building, barracks, dining hall, hospital, recreation hall, steam plant, and assorted outbuildings. The superintendent's house, nine residential cottages, and a chapel formed an arc to the west. With the exception of Robinson House and the Confederate Memorial Chapel, the structures were demolished or moved in the early 1940s. From the camp's earliest years, the Commonwealth of Virginia helped fund the institution. In 1892, Lee Camp No. 1 agreed that the property would revert to the Commonwealth in twenty-two years. A later agreement extended that transition to the time when the original purpose of the home was no longer needed. When the last resident died in 1941, the Commonwealth gained ownership of the site. By that time, it had been designated as the Confederate Memorial Park.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDedicated in 1887 to the Confederate war dead, the nondenominational Confederate Memorial Chapel (also referred to as the Pelham Chapel) served as a place of worship for the residents of R. E. Lee Camp, No. 1. Funded by donations from veterans and private citizens of the Commonwealth, it was designed by architect Marion J. Dimmock in the Carpenter-Gothic style. In the postwar era of reconciliation, Union veterans from Lynn, Massachusetts, donated the organ. By the time the camp closed fifty-four years later, the chapel had hosted approximately 1,700 funeral services for the former soldiers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe monumental limestone building to the west of the present museum grounds was built in 1932 as a residence for destitute female relatives of Confederate veterans. After relocating the final inhabitants of the Home for Needy Confederate Women to a nursing facility in 1989, the Commonwealth set aside the property for use by the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSource: \u003ca href=\"https://vmfa.museum/about/grounds-history/\"\u003eHistory of the VMFA Grounds\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican--1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican--1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican--1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican--1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican--1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican--1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican--1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican--1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican--1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican--1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican--1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican--1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican--1\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["In the 1830s through the 1850s, Anthony Robinson Jr. purchased over 170 acres in the center of what would become the city of Richmond, including the property on which VMFA now stands. The estate, comprised of woods and open countryside, was cultivated and improved, no doubt through the labor of the enslaved African Americans listed in Robinson's tax records and will. Little is known about the earliest Robinson residence, but the imposing farmhouse still standing on the museum property was built by Anthony Robinson Jr. in the mid-1850s. In April 1865, during the final weeks of the Civil War, Union troops occupied the house and grounds at the invitation of Robinson's widow, Rebecca, in exchange for protection from looting. In 1883, the couple's son Channing sold the residence and thirty-six surrounding acres to establish a Confederate soldiers' home. ","Between 1885 and 1941 the property was the site of a large residential complex for poor and infirm Confederate veterans of the Civil War. Established by R. E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans, the camp was built with private funds, including donations from former Confederate and Union soldiers alike. At peak occupancy, residents numbered just over three hundred; altogether a total of nearly three thousand veterans from thirty-three states called the camp home. For the next half century, Robinson House, renamed Fleming Hall during the soldiers' home era, served as the compound's administration building and war museum. After the camp's closing, the Commonwealth granted use of the building to the Virginia Institute for Scientific Research in the 1950s and to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts from 1964 to the present.","The green space in the central grounds of today's VMFA property was once the commons of the Confederate soldiers' home. Around the oak-filled park stood the administration building, barracks, dining hall, hospital, recreation hall, steam plant, and assorted outbuildings. The superintendent's house, nine residential cottages, and a chapel formed an arc to the west. With the exception of Robinson House and the Confederate Memorial Chapel, the structures were demolished or moved in the early 1940s. From the camp's earliest years, the Commonwealth of Virginia helped fund the institution. In 1892, Lee Camp No. 1 agreed that the property would revert to the Commonwealth in twenty-two years. A later agreement extended that transition to the time when the original purpose of the home was no longer needed. When the last resident died in 1941, the Commonwealth gained ownership of the site. By that time, it had been designated as the Confederate Memorial Park.","Dedicated in 1887 to the Confederate war dead, the nondenominational Confederate Memorial Chapel (also referred to as the Pelham Chapel) served as a place of worship for the residents of R. E. Lee Camp, No. 1. Funded by donations from veterans and private citizens of the Commonwealth, it was designed by architect Marion J. Dimmock in the Carpenter-Gothic style. In the postwar era of reconciliation, Union veterans from Lynn, Massachusetts, donated the organ. By the time the camp closed fifty-four years later, the chapel had hosted approximately 1,700 funeral services for the former soldiers. ","The monumental limestone building to the west of the present museum grounds was built in 1932 as a residence for destitute female relatives of Confederate veterans. After relocating the final inhabitants of the Home for Needy Confederate Women to a nursing facility in 1989, the Commonwealth set aside the property for use by the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. ","Source:  History of the VMFA Grounds","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was created by the VMFA Archives in 2017 to bring together primary sources about the camp. The register and reunion ribbons were purchased by VMFA Library in November 2014 and July 2015. The postcards were donated by Elizabeth O'Leary in June 2015. The other materials were relocated from vertical files in the VMFA Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["The collection was created by the VMFA Archives in 2017 to bring together primary sources about the camp. The register and reunion ribbons were purchased by VMFA Library in November 2014 and July 2015. The postcards were donated by Elizabeth O'Leary in June 2015. The other materials were relocated from vertical files in the VMFA Library."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright Dementi Studio\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRegistration ledger signature book for visitors to the Soldiers' Home. Commercially printed borders with advertising from Richmond area businesses. Includes a page signed by ten members of the Blackfeet Nation, including four Chiefs, with their pictograph inscriptions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General","General"],"odd_tesim":["Copyright Dementi Studio","Registration ledger signature book for visitors to the Soldiers' Home. Commercially printed borders with advertising from Richmond area businesses. Includes a page signed by ten members of the Blackfeet Nation, including four Chiefs, with their pictograph inscriptions."],"originalsloc_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis item was removed on January 22, 2019 to be placed on exhibition in the Robinson House. The register was returned to the Archives on March 4, 2021 and a reproduction of the register is now on display in the exhibition.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis item was removed by Objects Conservator Ainslie Harrison on January 9, 2019 to be placed on exhibition in the Robinson House. The ribbon was returned to the Archives on November 22, 2019.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis item was removed by Objects Conservator Ainslie Harrison on January 9, 2019 to be placed on exhibition in the Robinson House. The ribbon was returned to the Archives on November 22, 2019.\u003c/p\u003e"],"originalsloc_heading_ssm":["Exhibition History","Exhibition History","Exhibition History"],"originalsloc_tesim":["This item was removed on January 22, 2019 to be placed on exhibition in the Robinson House. The register was returned to the Archives on March 4, 2021 and a reproduction of the register is now on display in the exhibition.","This item was removed by Objects Conservator Ainslie Harrison on January 9, 2019 to be placed on exhibition in the Robinson House. The ribbon was returned to the Archives on November 22, 2019.","This item was removed by Objects Conservator Ainslie Harrison on January 9, 2019 to be placed on exhibition in the Robinson House. The ribbon was returned to the Archives on November 22, 2019."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection's inclusive dates are 1885-1958, with the bulk of the material dating from 1885-1937. The collection is comprised of photographs, postcards, reunion ribbons, press clippings, and a guest register.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection's inclusive dates are 1885-1958, with the bulk of the material dating from 1885-1937. The collection is comprised of photographs, postcards, reunion ribbons, press clippings, and a guest register."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is subject to all copyright laws. Digitized content is licensed for use under a \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/\"\u003eCreative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License\u003c/a\u003e. Transmission or reproduction of other materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNo Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNo Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNo Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright Undetermined: https://rightsstatements.org/page/UND/1.0/?language=en\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright Undetermined: https://rightsstatements.org/page/UND/1.0/?language=en\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNo Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNo Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNo Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNo Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Digitized content is licensed for use under a  Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License . Transmission or reproduction of other materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders. ","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","Copyright Undetermined: https://rightsstatements.org/page/UND/1.0/?language=en","Copyright Undetermined: https://rightsstatements.org/page/UND/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a6623866126b47f49ad39b36f5e720fa\"\u003eThe collection documents the history of R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans, a large residential complex for poor and infirm Confederate veterans of the Civil War. Altogether a total of nearly three thousand veterans from thirty-three states called the camp home, and after the camp's closing, the Commonwealth eventually granted use of the buildings and land to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. The collection is comprised of photographs and postcards that document the changing landscape of the camp over 50 years, a rare guest register that includes thousands of guest signatures and a page signed by ten members of the Blackfeet Nation, and two extremely rare artifacts – reunion ribbons – provide material testimony to the reconciliation efforts of Confederate and Union veterans only twenty years after they faced each other as enemies during the Civil War.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection documents the history of R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans, a large residential complex for poor and infirm Confederate veterans of the Civil War. Altogether a total of nearly three thousand veterans from thirty-three states called the camp home, and after the camp's closing, the Commonwealth eventually granted use of the buildings and land to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. The collection is comprised of photographs and postcards that document the changing landscape of the camp over 50 years, a rare guest register that includes thousands of guest signatures and a page signed by ten members of the Blackfeet Nation, and two extremely rare artifacts – reunion ribbons – provide material testimony to the reconciliation efforts of Confederate and Union veterans only twenty years after they faced each other as enemies during the Civil War."],"names_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Dementi Studio","Baltimore sun","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Capitol News Agency","Hugh C. Leighton Company","Louis Kaufmann and Sons","Southern Bargain House","Frank Leslie's illustrated newspaper","Sons of Confederate Veterans (Organization). R.E. Lee Camp No. 1 (Richmond, Va.)","Grand Army of the Republic. Seward Post No. 37 (Auburn, N.Y.)","Leslie, Frank, 1821-1880"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Dementi Studio","Baltimore sun","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Capitol News Agency","Hugh C. Leighton Company","Louis Kaufmann and Sons","Southern Bargain House","Frank Leslie's illustrated newspaper","Sons of Confederate Veterans (Organization). R.E. Lee Camp No. 1 (Richmond, Va.)","Grand Army of the Republic. Seward Post No. 37 (Auburn, N.Y.)"],"persname_ssim":["Leslie, Frank, 1821-1880"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":18,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T03:41:41.760Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_2","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_2","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_2","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_2","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMFA/repositories_2_resources_2.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.vmfa.museum/repositories/2/resources/2","title_filing_ssi":"R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans (SC-21)","title_ssm":["R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21)"],"title_tesim":["R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1885-1958"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1885-1958"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC-21","/repositories/2/resources/2"],"text":["SC-21","/repositories/2/resources/2","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21)","Lee Camp Soldiers' Home (Richmond, Va.)","Soldiers' homes -- Virginia -- Richmond","Home for Needy Confederate Women (Richmond, Va.)","Confederate Memorial Chapel","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Sons of Confederate Veterans (Organization). R.E. Lee Camp No. 1 (Richmond, Va.)","Grand Army of the Republic -- Seward Post No. 37 (Auburn, N.Y.)","The collection is open for research.","The digital collection can be accessed through the  VMFA Collections Search website .","The collection is organized into three series, and items are arranged chronologically within each series.","Series 1 Images, 1907-1958, undated Series 2 Publications, 1885-1914 Series 3 Realia, 1885","VMFA: Building History: Confederate Memorial Chapel","VMFA: Building History: Confederate Home for Ladies","VMFA: Building History: Robinson House: General","VMFA: Building History: Robinson House: Robinson Family, 1840s-1880s","VMFA: Building History: Robinson House: R.E. Lee Camp: Confederate Soldiers' Home (Fleming Hall)","VMFA: Building History: Robinson House: R.E. Lee Camp: Confederate Soldiers' Museum (Fleming Hall)","VMFA: Building History: Robinson House: \"Confederate Memorial Park,\" Post 1934 and Controversy, 1954","In the 1830s through the 1850s, Anthony Robinson Jr. purchased over 170 acres in the center of what would become the city of Richmond, including the property on which VMFA now stands. The estate, comprised of woods and open countryside, was cultivated and improved, no doubt through the labor of the enslaved African Americans listed in Robinson's tax records and will. Little is known about the earliest Robinson residence, but the imposing farmhouse still standing on the museum property was built by Anthony Robinson Jr. in the mid-1850s. In April 1865, during the final weeks of the Civil War, Union troops occupied the house and grounds at the invitation of Robinson's widow, Rebecca, in exchange for protection from looting. In 1883, the couple's son Channing sold the residence and thirty-six surrounding acres to establish a Confederate soldiers' home. ","Between 1885 and 1941 the property was the site of a large residential complex for poor and infirm Confederate veterans of the Civil War. Established by R. E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans, the camp was built with private funds, including donations from former Confederate and Union soldiers alike. At peak occupancy, residents numbered just over three hundred; altogether a total of nearly three thousand veterans from thirty-three states called the camp home. For the next half century, Robinson House, renamed Fleming Hall during the soldiers' home era, served as the compound's administration building and war museum. After the camp's closing, the Commonwealth granted use of the building to the Virginia Institute for Scientific Research in the 1950s and to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts from 1964 to the present.","The green space in the central grounds of today's VMFA property was once the commons of the Confederate soldiers' home. Around the oak-filled park stood the administration building, barracks, dining hall, hospital, recreation hall, steam plant, and assorted outbuildings. The superintendent's house, nine residential cottages, and a chapel formed an arc to the west. With the exception of Robinson House and the Confederate Memorial Chapel, the structures were demolished or moved in the early 1940s. From the camp's earliest years, the Commonwealth of Virginia helped fund the institution. In 1892, Lee Camp No. 1 agreed that the property would revert to the Commonwealth in twenty-two years. A later agreement extended that transition to the time when the original purpose of the home was no longer needed. When the last resident died in 1941, the Commonwealth gained ownership of the site. By that time, it had been designated as the Confederate Memorial Park.","Dedicated in 1887 to the Confederate war dead, the nondenominational Confederate Memorial Chapel (also referred to as the Pelham Chapel) served as a place of worship for the residents of R. E. Lee Camp, No. 1. Funded by donations from veterans and private citizens of the Commonwealth, it was designed by architect Marion J. Dimmock in the Carpenter-Gothic style. In the postwar era of reconciliation, Union veterans from Lynn, Massachusetts, donated the organ. By the time the camp closed fifty-four years later, the chapel had hosted approximately 1,700 funeral services for the former soldiers. ","The monumental limestone building to the west of the present museum grounds was built in 1932 as a residence for destitute female relatives of Confederate veterans. After relocating the final inhabitants of the Home for Needy Confederate Women to a nursing facility in 1989, the Commonwealth set aside the property for use by the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. ","Source:  History of the VMFA Grounds","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","The collection was created by the VMFA Archives in 2017 to bring together primary sources about the camp. The register and reunion ribbons were purchased by VMFA Library in November 2014 and July 2015. The postcards were donated by Elizabeth O'Leary in June 2015. The other materials were relocated from vertical files in the VMFA Library.","Copyright Dementi Studio","Registration ledger signature book for visitors to the Soldiers' Home. Commercially printed borders with advertising from Richmond area businesses. Includes a page signed by ten members of the Blackfeet Nation, including four Chiefs, with their pictograph inscriptions.","This item was removed on January 22, 2019 to be placed on exhibition in the Robinson House. The register was returned to the Archives on March 4, 2021 and a reproduction of the register is now on display in the exhibition.","This item was removed by Objects Conservator Ainslie Harrison on January 9, 2019 to be placed on exhibition in the Robinson House. The ribbon was returned to the Archives on November 22, 2019.","This item was removed by Objects Conservator Ainslie Harrison on January 9, 2019 to be placed on exhibition in the Robinson House. The ribbon was returned to the Archives on November 22, 2019.","The collection's inclusive dates are 1885-1958, with the bulk of the material dating from 1885-1937. The collection is comprised of photographs, postcards, reunion ribbons, press clippings, and a guest register.","The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Digitized content is licensed for use under a  Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License . Transmission or reproduction of other materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders. ","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","Copyright Undetermined: https://rightsstatements.org/page/UND/1.0/?language=en","Copyright Undetermined: https://rightsstatements.org/page/UND/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","The collection documents the history of R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans, a large residential complex for poor and infirm Confederate veterans of the Civil War. Altogether a total of nearly three thousand veterans from thirty-three states called the camp home, and after the camp's closing, the Commonwealth eventually granted use of the buildings and land to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. The collection is comprised of photographs and postcards that document the changing landscape of the camp over 50 years, a rare guest register that includes thousands of guest signatures and a page signed by ten members of the Blackfeet Nation, and two extremely rare artifacts – reunion ribbons – provide material testimony to the reconciliation efforts of Confederate and Union veterans only twenty years after they faced each other as enemies during the Civil War.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Dementi Studio","Baltimore sun","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Capitol News Agency","Hugh C. Leighton Company","Louis Kaufmann and Sons","Southern Bargain House","Frank Leslie's illustrated newspaper","Sons of Confederate Veterans (Organization). R.E. Lee Camp No. 1 (Richmond, Va.)","Grand Army of the Republic. Seward Post No. 37 (Auburn, N.Y.)","Leslie, Frank, 1821-1880","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["SC-21","/repositories/2/resources/2"],"normalized_title_ssm":["R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21)"],"collection_title_tesim":["R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21)"],"collection_ssim":["R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21)"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"access_terms_ssm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Digitized content is licensed for use under a  Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License . Transmission or reproduction of other materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders. "],"access_subjects_ssim":["Lee Camp Soldiers' Home (Richmond, Va.)","Soldiers' homes -- Virginia -- Richmond","Home for Needy Confederate Women (Richmond, Va.)","Confederate Memorial Chapel","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Sons of Confederate Veterans (Organization). R.E. Lee Camp No. 1 (Richmond, Va.)","Grand Army of the Republic -- Seward Post No. 37 (Auburn, N.Y.)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Lee Camp Soldiers' Home (Richmond, Va.)","Soldiers' homes -- Virginia -- Richmond","Home for Needy Confederate Women (Richmond, Va.)","Confederate Memorial Chapel","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Sons of Confederate Veterans (Organization). R.E. Lee Camp No. 1 (Richmond, Va.)","Grand Army of the Republic -- Seward Post No. 37 (Auburn, N.Y.)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Linear Feet 3 boxes; 13 items"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Linear Feet 3 boxes; 13 items"],"date_range_isim":[1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe digital collection can be accessed through the \u003ca href=\"https://www.vmfa.museum/archives/records-of-the-r-e-lee-camp-no-1-confederate-veterans-sc-21/\"\u003eVMFA Collections Search website\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research.","The digital collection can be accessed through the  VMFA Collections Search website ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into three series, and items are arranged chronologically within each series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 1\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eImages, 1907-1958, undated\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 2\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003ePublications, 1885-1914\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 3\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRealia, 1885\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into three series, and items are arranged chronologically within each series.","Series 1 Images, 1907-1958, undated Series 2 Publications, 1885-1914 Series 3 Realia, 1885"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eVMFA: Building History: Confederate Memorial Chapel\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eVMFA: Building History: Confederate Home for Ladies\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eVMFA: Building History: Robinson House: General\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eVMFA: Building History: Robinson House: Robinson Family, 1840s-1880s\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eVMFA: Building History: Robinson House: R.E. Lee Camp: Confederate Soldiers' Home (Fleming Hall)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eVMFA: Building History: Robinson House: R.E. Lee Camp: Confederate Soldiers' Museum (Fleming Hall)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eVMFA: Building History: Robinson House: \"Confederate Memorial Park,\" Post 1934 and Controversy, 1954\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Related Materials - VMFA Library: Subject Files"],"bibliography_tesim":["VMFA: Building History: Confederate Memorial Chapel","VMFA: Building History: Confederate Home for Ladies","VMFA: Building History: Robinson House: General","VMFA: Building History: Robinson House: Robinson Family, 1840s-1880s","VMFA: Building History: Robinson House: R.E. Lee Camp: Confederate Soldiers' Home (Fleming Hall)","VMFA: Building History: Robinson House: R.E. Lee Camp: Confederate Soldiers' Museum (Fleming Hall)","VMFA: Building History: Robinson House: \"Confederate Memorial Park,\" Post 1934 and Controversy, 1954"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn the 1830s through the 1850s, Anthony Robinson Jr. purchased over 170 acres in the center of what would become the city of Richmond, including the property on which VMFA now stands. The estate, comprised of woods and open countryside, was cultivated and improved, no doubt through the labor of the enslaved African Americans listed in Robinson's tax records and will. Little is known about the earliest Robinson residence, but the imposing farmhouse still standing on the museum property was built by Anthony Robinson Jr. in the mid-1850s. In April 1865, during the final weeks of the Civil War, Union troops occupied the house and grounds at the invitation of Robinson's widow, Rebecca, in exchange for protection from looting. In 1883, the couple's son Channing sold the residence and thirty-six surrounding acres to establish a Confederate soldiers' home. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBetween 1885 and 1941 the property was the site of a large residential complex for poor and infirm Confederate veterans of the Civil War. Established by R. E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans, the camp was built with private funds, including donations from former Confederate and Union soldiers alike. At peak occupancy, residents numbered just over three hundred; altogether a total of nearly three thousand veterans from thirty-three states called the camp home. For the next half century, Robinson House, renamed Fleming Hall during the soldiers' home era, served as the compound's administration building and war museum. After the camp's closing, the Commonwealth granted use of the building to the Virginia Institute for Scientific Research in the 1950s and to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts from 1964 to the present.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe green space in the central grounds of today's VMFA property was once the commons of the Confederate soldiers' home. Around the oak-filled park stood the administration building, barracks, dining hall, hospital, recreation hall, steam plant, and assorted outbuildings. The superintendent's house, nine residential cottages, and a chapel formed an arc to the west. With the exception of Robinson House and the Confederate Memorial Chapel, the structures were demolished or moved in the early 1940s. From the camp's earliest years, the Commonwealth of Virginia helped fund the institution. In 1892, Lee Camp No. 1 agreed that the property would revert to the Commonwealth in twenty-two years. A later agreement extended that transition to the time when the original purpose of the home was no longer needed. When the last resident died in 1941, the Commonwealth gained ownership of the site. By that time, it had been designated as the Confederate Memorial Park.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDedicated in 1887 to the Confederate war dead, the nondenominational Confederate Memorial Chapel (also referred to as the Pelham Chapel) served as a place of worship for the residents of R. E. Lee Camp, No. 1. Funded by donations from veterans and private citizens of the Commonwealth, it was designed by architect Marion J. Dimmock in the Carpenter-Gothic style. In the postwar era of reconciliation, Union veterans from Lynn, Massachusetts, donated the organ. By the time the camp closed fifty-four years later, the chapel had hosted approximately 1,700 funeral services for the former soldiers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe monumental limestone building to the west of the present museum grounds was built in 1932 as a residence for destitute female relatives of Confederate veterans. After relocating the final inhabitants of the Home for Needy Confederate Women to a nursing facility in 1989, the Commonwealth set aside the property for use by the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSource: \u003ca href=\"https://vmfa.museum/about/grounds-history/\"\u003eHistory of the VMFA Grounds\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican--1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican--1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican--1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican--1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican--1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican--1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican--1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican--1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican--1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican--1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican--1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican--1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican--1\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["In the 1830s through the 1850s, Anthony Robinson Jr. purchased over 170 acres in the center of what would become the city of Richmond, including the property on which VMFA now stands. The estate, comprised of woods and open countryside, was cultivated and improved, no doubt through the labor of the enslaved African Americans listed in Robinson's tax records and will. Little is known about the earliest Robinson residence, but the imposing farmhouse still standing on the museum property was built by Anthony Robinson Jr. in the mid-1850s. In April 1865, during the final weeks of the Civil War, Union troops occupied the house and grounds at the invitation of Robinson's widow, Rebecca, in exchange for protection from looting. In 1883, the couple's son Channing sold the residence and thirty-six surrounding acres to establish a Confederate soldiers' home. ","Between 1885 and 1941 the property was the site of a large residential complex for poor and infirm Confederate veterans of the Civil War. Established by R. E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans, the camp was built with private funds, including donations from former Confederate and Union soldiers alike. At peak occupancy, residents numbered just over three hundred; altogether a total of nearly three thousand veterans from thirty-three states called the camp home. For the next half century, Robinson House, renamed Fleming Hall during the soldiers' home era, served as the compound's administration building and war museum. After the camp's closing, the Commonwealth granted use of the building to the Virginia Institute for Scientific Research in the 1950s and to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts from 1964 to the present.","The green space in the central grounds of today's VMFA property was once the commons of the Confederate soldiers' home. Around the oak-filled park stood the administration building, barracks, dining hall, hospital, recreation hall, steam plant, and assorted outbuildings. The superintendent's house, nine residential cottages, and a chapel formed an arc to the west. With the exception of Robinson House and the Confederate Memorial Chapel, the structures were demolished or moved in the early 1940s. From the camp's earliest years, the Commonwealth of Virginia helped fund the institution. In 1892, Lee Camp No. 1 agreed that the property would revert to the Commonwealth in twenty-two years. A later agreement extended that transition to the time when the original purpose of the home was no longer needed. When the last resident died in 1941, the Commonwealth gained ownership of the site. By that time, it had been designated as the Confederate Memorial Park.","Dedicated in 1887 to the Confederate war dead, the nondenominational Confederate Memorial Chapel (also referred to as the Pelham Chapel) served as a place of worship for the residents of R. E. Lee Camp, No. 1. Funded by donations from veterans and private citizens of the Commonwealth, it was designed by architect Marion J. Dimmock in the Carpenter-Gothic style. In the postwar era of reconciliation, Union veterans from Lynn, Massachusetts, donated the organ. By the time the camp closed fifty-four years later, the chapel had hosted approximately 1,700 funeral services for the former soldiers. ","The monumental limestone building to the west of the present museum grounds was built in 1932 as a residence for destitute female relatives of Confederate veterans. After relocating the final inhabitants of the Home for Needy Confederate Women to a nursing facility in 1989, the Commonwealth set aside the property for use by the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. ","Source:  History of the VMFA Grounds","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was created by the VMFA Archives in 2017 to bring together primary sources about the camp. The register and reunion ribbons were purchased by VMFA Library in November 2014 and July 2015. The postcards were donated by Elizabeth O'Leary in June 2015. The other materials were relocated from vertical files in the VMFA Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["The collection was created by the VMFA Archives in 2017 to bring together primary sources about the camp. The register and reunion ribbons were purchased by VMFA Library in November 2014 and July 2015. The postcards were donated by Elizabeth O'Leary in June 2015. The other materials were relocated from vertical files in the VMFA Library."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright Dementi Studio\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRegistration ledger signature book for visitors to the Soldiers' Home. Commercially printed borders with advertising from Richmond area businesses. Includes a page signed by ten members of the Blackfeet Nation, including four Chiefs, with their pictograph inscriptions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General","General"],"odd_tesim":["Copyright Dementi Studio","Registration ledger signature book for visitors to the Soldiers' Home. Commercially printed borders with advertising from Richmond area businesses. Includes a page signed by ten members of the Blackfeet Nation, including four Chiefs, with their pictograph inscriptions."],"originalsloc_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis item was removed on January 22, 2019 to be placed on exhibition in the Robinson House. The register was returned to the Archives on March 4, 2021 and a reproduction of the register is now on display in the exhibition.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis item was removed by Objects Conservator Ainslie Harrison on January 9, 2019 to be placed on exhibition in the Robinson House. The ribbon was returned to the Archives on November 22, 2019.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis item was removed by Objects Conservator Ainslie Harrison on January 9, 2019 to be placed on exhibition in the Robinson House. The ribbon was returned to the Archives on November 22, 2019.\u003c/p\u003e"],"originalsloc_heading_ssm":["Exhibition History","Exhibition History","Exhibition History"],"originalsloc_tesim":["This item was removed on January 22, 2019 to be placed on exhibition in the Robinson House. The register was returned to the Archives on March 4, 2021 and a reproduction of the register is now on display in the exhibition.","This item was removed by Objects Conservator Ainslie Harrison on January 9, 2019 to be placed on exhibition in the Robinson House. The ribbon was returned to the Archives on November 22, 2019.","This item was removed by Objects Conservator Ainslie Harrison on January 9, 2019 to be placed on exhibition in the Robinson House. The ribbon was returned to the Archives on November 22, 2019."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection's inclusive dates are 1885-1958, with the bulk of the material dating from 1885-1937. The collection is comprised of photographs, postcards, reunion ribbons, press clippings, and a guest register.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection's inclusive dates are 1885-1958, with the bulk of the material dating from 1885-1937. The collection is comprised of photographs, postcards, reunion ribbons, press clippings, and a guest register."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is subject to all copyright laws. Digitized content is licensed for use under a \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/\"\u003eCreative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License\u003c/a\u003e. Transmission or reproduction of other materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNo Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNo Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNo Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright Undetermined: https://rightsstatements.org/page/UND/1.0/?language=en\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright Undetermined: https://rightsstatements.org/page/UND/1.0/?language=en\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNo Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNo Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNo Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNo Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Digitized content is licensed for use under a  Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License . Transmission or reproduction of other materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders. ","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","Copyright Undetermined: https://rightsstatements.org/page/UND/1.0/?language=en","Copyright Undetermined: https://rightsstatements.org/page/UND/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a6623866126b47f49ad39b36f5e720fa\"\u003eThe collection documents the history of R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans, a large residential complex for poor and infirm Confederate veterans of the Civil War. Altogether a total of nearly three thousand veterans from thirty-three states called the camp home, and after the camp's closing, the Commonwealth eventually granted use of the buildings and land to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. The collection is comprised of photographs and postcards that document the changing landscape of the camp over 50 years, a rare guest register that includes thousands of guest signatures and a page signed by ten members of the Blackfeet Nation, and two extremely rare artifacts – reunion ribbons – provide material testimony to the reconciliation efforts of Confederate and Union veterans only twenty years after they faced each other as enemies during the Civil War.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection documents the history of R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans, a large residential complex for poor and infirm Confederate veterans of the Civil War. Altogether a total of nearly three thousand veterans from thirty-three states called the camp home, and after the camp's closing, the Commonwealth eventually granted use of the buildings and land to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. The collection is comprised of photographs and postcards that document the changing landscape of the camp over 50 years, a rare guest register that includes thousands of guest signatures and a page signed by ten members of the Blackfeet Nation, and two extremely rare artifacts – reunion ribbons – provide material testimony to the reconciliation efforts of Confederate and Union veterans only twenty years after they faced each other as enemies during the Civil War."],"names_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Dementi Studio","Baltimore sun","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Capitol News Agency","Hugh C. Leighton Company","Louis Kaufmann and Sons","Southern Bargain House","Frank Leslie's illustrated newspaper","Sons of Confederate Veterans (Organization). R.E. Lee Camp No. 1 (Richmond, Va.)","Grand Army of the Republic. Seward Post No. 37 (Auburn, N.Y.)","Leslie, Frank, 1821-1880"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Dementi Studio","Baltimore sun","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Capitol News Agency","Hugh C. Leighton Company","Louis Kaufmann and Sons","Southern Bargain House","Frank Leslie's illustrated newspaper","Sons of Confederate Veterans (Organization). R.E. Lee Camp No. 1 (Richmond, Va.)","Grand Army of the Republic. Seward Post No. 37 (Auburn, N.Y.)"],"persname_ssim":["Leslie, Frank, 1821-1880"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":18,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T03:41:41.760Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_2"}},{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_17_c01","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Series 1: Early Arts Organizations' Exhibitions","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_17_c01#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis series is comprised of exhibition catalogs from various shows presented in Richmond and sponsored by different arts organizations from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, in the decades before the revival of the Richmond Academy of Arts in 1930. In 1888, the statewide \"Virginia Exposition\" was held at the fairgrounds in Richmond and mainly showcased artifacts of historical significance. Judge John Barton Payne donated his entire painting collection to the state of Virginia in 1919, which formed the core of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts' collection when it was founded. The Virginia League of Fine Arts was the successor to the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, and merged with the Academy just two years after their \"First Municipal Art Exhibition of Richmond\" in 1928.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_17_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_17_c01","ref_ssm":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_17_c01"],"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_17_c01","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_17","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_17","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_17","parent_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_17","parent_ssim":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_17"],"parent_ids_ssim":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_17"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Records of Virginia Arts Organizations (SC-03)"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Records of Virginia Arts Organizations (SC-03)"],"text":["Records of Virginia Arts Organizations (SC-03)","Series 1: Early Arts Organizations' Exhibitions","English","This series is comprised of exhibition catalogs from various shows presented in Richmond and sponsored by different arts organizations from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, in the decades before the revival of the Richmond Academy of Arts in 1930. In 1888, the statewide \"Virginia Exposition\" was held at the fairgrounds in Richmond and mainly showcased artifacts of historical significance. Judge John Barton Payne donated his entire painting collection to the state of Virginia in 1919, which formed the core of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts' collection when it was founded. The Virginia League of Fine Arts was the successor to the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, and merged with the Academy just two years after their \"First Municipal Art Exhibition of Richmond\" in 1928."],"title_filing_ssi":"Series 1: Early Arts Organizations' Exhibitions","title_ssm":["Series 1: Early Arts Organizations' Exhibitions"],"title_tesim":["Series 1: Early Arts Organizations' Exhibitions"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1888-1928"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1888/1928"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Series 1: Early Arts Organizations' Exhibitions"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"collection_ssim":["Records of Virginia Arts Organizations (SC-03)"],"extent_ssm":["5 items 1 Folder"],"extent_tesim":["5 items 1 Folder"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":5,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":1,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"date_range_isim":[1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928],"language_ssim":["English"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis series is comprised of exhibition catalogs from various shows presented in Richmond and sponsored by different arts organizations from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, in the decades before the revival of the Richmond Academy of Arts in 1930. In 1888, the statewide \"Virginia Exposition\" was held at the fairgrounds in Richmond and mainly showcased artifacts of historical significance. Judge John Barton Payne donated his entire painting collection to the state of Virginia in 1919, which formed the core of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts' collection when it was founded. The Virginia League of Fine Arts was the successor to the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, and merged with the Academy just two years after their \"First Municipal Art Exhibition of Richmond\" in 1928.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Series Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This series is comprised of exhibition catalogs from various shows presented in Richmond and sponsored by different arts organizations from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, in the decades before the revival of the Richmond Academy of Arts in 1930. In 1888, the statewide \"Virginia Exposition\" was held at the fairgrounds in Richmond and mainly showcased artifacts of historical significance. Judge John Barton Payne donated his entire painting collection to the state of Virginia in 1919, which formed the core of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts' collection when it was founded. The Virginia League of Fine Arts was the successor to the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, and merged with the Academy just two years after their \"First Municipal Art Exhibition of Richmond\" in 1928."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-05-21T03:32:35.642Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_17","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_17","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_17","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_17","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMFA/repositories_2_resources_17.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.vmfa.museum/repositories/2/resources/17","title_filing_ssi":"Virginia Arts Organizations (SC-03)","title_ssm":["Records of Virginia Arts Organizations (SC-03)"],"title_tesim":["Records of Virginia Arts Organizations (SC-03)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1888-1942"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1888-1942"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC-03","/repositories/2/resources/17"],"text":["SC-03","/repositories/2/resources/17","Records of Virginia Arts Organizations (SC-03)","Richmond (Va.)","Art, American -- Virginia -- 20th century","Artists -- Virginia","The collection is open for research.","The collection is organized into five series, and items are arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are placed at the end of a series.","Series 1 Early Arts Organizations, 1888-1928 Series 2 Richmond Academy of Arts/Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts, 1917-1942  Series 3 Correspondence, 1931-1942 Series 4 Sallie Leigh Cole, Correspondence and Notes, 1931-1932, undated Series 5 \"Southern States Art League Newsletter,\" 1941-1942","The Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the United States of America: Being an Outline of the History of the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the U.S.A. Established at Richmond, Virginia on May 8th, in the year 1786, 1931","Richmond, Virginia, in Old Prints 1737-1887, 1932","The Twenty-Seventh Annual Exhibition of the Southern States Art League, 1947 ","Exhibition File: 27th Annual Exhibition of the Southern States Art League, 1947","Subject File: Art Organizations and Foundations: Virginia: Private: Richmond Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts (2 folders)","Julia Sully Papers (Coll. No. 26567)","Statuts \u0026 reglemens de l'Academie des Sciences \u0026 Beaux Arts des Etats-Unis de l'Amerique, etablie a Richemond, capitale de la Virginie, 1786 (Coll No. 23617)","Edmund S. Campbell Papers (Coll. No. 3505)","Adele Goodman Clark Papers (Coll. No. M9)","Adele Clark Papers (Coll. No. Mss1 C5472 a FA2)","On May 8, 1786, the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the United States of America was founded in Richmond, Virginia, the first institution of its kind formed in the States. The establishment of the Academy was the result of a zealous young French soldier and scholar, the Chevalier Alexander Marie Quesnay de Beaurepaire, who landed in Portsmouth, Virginia in early March 1777. Quesnay lobbied for over ten years to see his Academy built and was finally rewarded on June 24, 1786 when the cornerstone for a gallery, museum, theater and school was laid at Academy Square by Richmond's Masonic Lodge No. 13. After the completion of the building later that year, and the opening of the Academy strictly for theatrical purposes on October 10, the Academy quickly started experiencing financial problems. Within months of the opening, Quesnay quietly slipped out of the country to return to France on a quest to secure further funding, and he spent the next two and a half years trying to enlist the support of members of Paris' learned societies. With the fall of the Bastille in July 1789 however, Quesnay was called upon to serve as a commander in the Parisian militia, surviving the revolution, but never to return to his Academy or even to America's shores. The Academy continued to serve as a center for drama until the building was destroyed by a catastrophic fire on January 23, 1798. ","After one hundred and thirty years elapsed, it was Quesnay's Academy that many noted Richmond artists sought to revive in the early 1930s, when the Academy was resurrected in Richmond. Decades earlier, members of another Richmond art organization, the Art Club of Richmond, directed their attention towards this task and created an Academy Committee within the Club to promote interest in its revival. In the spring of 1917, the Committee began a fund-raising effort by selling subscriptions for a sum invested in Liberty Bonds, to be paid towards an Academy Fund. The continuing war effort stalled the project however and the Art Club passed out of existence. In 1919, the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts was organized by Adele Clark and Nora Houston, and one of its main objectives was to restore the Academy, a movement which didn't gain real strength until 1924-1925, but finally resulted in the chartering of the Richmond Academy of Arts in 1930 \"to resume and promote the cultural activities and purposes of the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the United States of America.\" While all the while remaining true to the goals of fostering and preserving the artistic culture of Richmond, the new Academy was re-chartered in 1936 as the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts, although it was known by both names until its charter was revoked and the organization went out of business in 1948, largely due to the Academy's failure to gain enough support to build an adequate facility, and its purpose was eventually subsumed into the mission of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts.","Source:  The Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the United States of American: Being an Outline of the History of the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts","Source: \"Poet, Patriot and Pedagogue,\" by John G. Roberts,  Arts in Virginia , Winter 1966","The collection is comprised of archival materials found in the VMFA Library's holdings. The collection was accessioned into the VMFA Archives' collection in August 2004.","The collection was initially processed in August 2004. A large accretion was processed in November 2005. During processing, original newspaper clippings were photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and incorporated into the vertical files in the Library collection.","The collection's inclusive dates are 1888-1942, with the bulk of the material dating from 1931 and 1938. The collection is comprised of exhibition catalogs, correspondence, invitations, tickets, newsletters, bulletins and other ephemeral material.","This series is comprised of exhibition catalogs from various shows presented in Richmond and sponsored by different arts organizations from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, in the decades before the revival of the Richmond Academy of Arts in 1930. In 1888, the statewide \"Virginia Exposition\" was held at the fairgrounds in Richmond and mainly showcased artifacts of historical significance. Judge John Barton Payne donated his entire painting collection to the state of Virginia in 1919, which formed the core of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts' collection when it was founded. The Virginia League of Fine Arts was the successor to the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, and merged with the Academy just two years after their \"First Municipal Art Exhibition of Richmond\" in 1928.","The series is comprised mainly of exhibition catalogues from various shows sponsored by or shown at the Academy. Much of the material relates to the two Tournaments of Arts and Crafts, held in April of 1931 and 1932, and which proved to be wildly popular month-long programs of juried exhibitions and competitions in drama, music, literature, elocution and dancing. Several of the items in the series have been cut out of a scrapbook created by Sallie Leigh Cole sometime in 1931 (see Series 4 for Cole's notes). It is not known when or by whom the items were removed.","The series is comprised of correspondence, chiefly between Thomas C. Colt, Director of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts and Captain W.M.F. Bayliss, Secretary of the Board of Trustees and later President of the Academy, who discussed the possibilities for a new home for the Academy in 1938, including the consideration of housing the Academy at the museum. Eventually, Colt convinced Bayliss that the museum and the Academy needed to remain two separate entities, while still supporting the Academy's mission and purpose. In 1940, the discussion turned to the topic of a Salon des Refuses, which presented paintings that were denied entry into the Third Biennial Exhibition of Contemporary American Painting at the museum, an idea Colt strongly supported. Other correspondents include Thomas Singleton, Director of the Academy, Adele Clark, State Director of the W.P.A. Project, and Blythe Branch, Richmond resident and philanthropist.","The series consists of correspondence and notes relating to Sallie Leigh Cole, a local Richmond artist, and her relationship with the Academy in the early 1930s. In one letter she is invited to submit her artwork (media unknown) to a traveling exhibition of paintings, drawings and prints. Another letter notifies Cole that she is to serve as a hostess for the opening tea of the second Tournament of Arts and Crafts in 1932. Cole's notes outline the contents of a scrapbook that documented the early history of the Academy; her handwritten Foreword reads, \"This scrapbook was assembled by the Art Appreciation Class of Richmond Normal School in the spring of 1931. An attempt has been made to collect and compile data of the history of the Richmond Academy of Arts from its beginning in 1786 through its revival in 1931. The members of the art class working on this scrapbook were\"; the Foreword stops there. The scrapbook is no longer extant, although several of the items once glued into the book can be found in Series 1 of the collection. Cole also compiled information on French artist Charles Hoffbauer, who painted the murals \"The Four Seasons at the Confederacy\" at Battle Abbey in Richmond, which were completed in 1921. The series also includes a few items of unknown origin or relevance to Cole and the Academy, but were kept with the collection as they were discovered along with the other items.","The series is comprised of issues of the Southern States Art League Newsletter, a prominent regionalist artist organization, headquartered in New Orleans and in operation from 1922-1950, dedicated to promoting the cause and interests of Southern artists and the South through art. Holding annual conventions and exhibitions for almost every year of its 28-year existence, members of the League hailed from thirteen Southern states and the District of Columbia. Active membership was based upon the artist having been born in the South or a resident for two years, and in active practice of an artistic profession. It is unknown how many Richmond artists were members, but the Virginia Museum was a Sustaining Member, and in 1947, the League's annual exhibition of Southern artists was hung concurrently with the museum's annual exhibition of Virginia Artists, suggesting a strong link between Richmond and the League.","The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.","The collection documents the rich history of Richmond's artistic culture and community in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Drawing upon the legacy of the first Academy of Fine Arts in the United States, founded in Richmond in 1786, the Richmond Academy of Arts was revived in 1930, and records created throughout the organization's history comprise the majority of the collection. The Academy provided the most cohesive and active arts organization in Richmond before the founding of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. Even after the museum's opening in 1936, the relationship between the Academy and the museum is notable; from the correspondence between Thomas C. Colt, the museum's first Director, and two Presidents of the Academy, to the creation of Richmond's first \"Salon des Refuses,\" and to the repeated overlapping of artist and patron names within the organizations.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts","Richmond Academy of Arts","Southern States Art League","Art Club of Richmond","Tournament of Arts and Crafts","Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Woman's Club (Richmond, Va.)‏","Cole, Sallie Leigh","Colt, Thomas C., 1905-1985","Weddell, Alexander Wilbourne, 1876-1948","Singleton, Thomas","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Bayliss, W. M. F.‏ (William Murray Forbes), 1896-","Branch, Blythe","Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC-03","/repositories/2/resources/17"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Records of Virginia Arts Organizations (SC-03)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Records of Virginia Arts Organizations (SC-03)"],"collection_ssim":["Records of Virginia Arts Organizations (SC-03)"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"geogname_ssm":["Richmond (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Richmond (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts","Richmond Academy of Arts","Southern States Art League","Cole, Sallie Leigh","Colt, Thomas C., 1905-1985","Weddell, Alexander Wilbourne, 1876-1948","Singleton, Thomas","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Bayliss, W. M. F.‏ (William Murray Forbes), 1896-","Branch, Blythe"],"creator_ssim":["Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts","Richmond Academy of Arts","Southern States Art League","Cole, Sallie Leigh","Colt, Thomas C., 1905-1985","Weddell, Alexander Wilbourne, 1876-1948","Singleton, Thomas","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Bayliss, W. M. F.‏ (William Murray Forbes), 1896-","Branch, Blythe"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Cole, Sallie Leigh","Colt, Thomas C., 1905-1985","Weddell, Alexander Wilbourne, 1876-1948","Singleton, Thomas","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Bayliss, W. M. F.‏ (William Murray Forbes), 1896-","Branch, Blythe"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts","Richmond Academy of Arts","Southern States Art League"],"creators_ssim":["Cole, Sallie Leigh","Colt, Thomas C., 1905-1985","Weddell, Alexander Wilbourne, 1876-1948","Singleton, Thomas","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Bayliss, W. M. F.‏ (William Murray Forbes), 1896-","Branch, Blythe","Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts","Richmond Academy of Arts","Southern States Art League"],"places_ssim":["Richmond (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Art, American -- Virginia -- 20th century","Artists -- Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Art, American -- Virginia -- 20th century","Artists -- Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.5 Linear Feet 1 box, 12 folders; 113 items"],"extent_tesim":["0.5 Linear Feet 1 box, 12 folders; 113 items"],"date_range_isim":[1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into five series, and items are arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are placed at the end of a series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 1\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eEarly Arts Organizations, 1888-1928\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 2\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRichmond Academy of Arts/Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts, 1917-1942 \u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 3\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eCorrespondence, 1931-1942\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 4\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSallie Leigh Cole, Correspondence and Notes, 1931-1932, undated\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 5\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e\"Southern States Art League Newsletter,\" 1941-1942\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into five series, and items are arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are placed at the end of a series.","Series 1 Early Arts Organizations, 1888-1928 Series 2 Richmond Academy of Arts/Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts, 1917-1942  Series 3 Correspondence, 1931-1942 Series 4 Sallie Leigh Cole, Correspondence and Notes, 1931-1932, undated Series 5 \"Southern States Art League Newsletter,\" 1941-1942"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eThe Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the United States of America: Being an Outline of the History of the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the U.S.A. Established at Richmond, Virginia on May 8th, in the year 1786, 1931\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eRichmond, Virginia, in Old Prints 1737-1887, 1932\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eThe Twenty-Seventh Annual Exhibition of the Southern States Art League, 1947 \u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eExhibition File: 27th Annual Exhibition of the Southern States Art League, 1947\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eSubject File: Art Organizations and Foundations: Virginia: Private: Richmond Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts (2 folders)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eJulia Sully Papers (Coll. No. 26567)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eStatuts \u0026amp; reglemens de l'Academie des Sciences \u0026amp; Beaux Arts des Etats-Unis de l'Amerique, etablie a Richemond, capitale de la Virginie, 1786 (Coll No. 23617)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eEdmund S. Campbell Papers (Coll. No. 3505)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eAdele Goodman Clark Papers (Coll. No. M9)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eAdele Clark Papers (Coll. No. Mss1 C5472 a FA2)\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Related Materials: VMFA Library - Book","Related Material: VMFA Library - Catalogs","Related Materials: VMFA Library - Vertical Files","Related Materials: Library of Virginia","Related Materials: University of Virginia","Related Materials: Virginia Commonwealth University","Related Materials: Virginia Historical Society"],"bibliography_tesim":["The Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the United States of America: Being an Outline of the History of the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the U.S.A. Established at Richmond, Virginia on May 8th, in the year 1786, 1931","Richmond, Virginia, in Old Prints 1737-1887, 1932","The Twenty-Seventh Annual Exhibition of the Southern States Art League, 1947 ","Exhibition File: 27th Annual Exhibition of the Southern States Art League, 1947","Subject File: Art Organizations and Foundations: Virginia: Private: Richmond Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts (2 folders)","Julia Sully Papers (Coll. No. 26567)","Statuts \u0026 reglemens de l'Academie des Sciences \u0026 Beaux Arts des Etats-Unis de l'Amerique, etablie a Richemond, capitale de la Virginie, 1786 (Coll No. 23617)","Edmund S. Campbell Papers (Coll. No. 3505)","Adele Goodman Clark Papers (Coll. No. M9)","Adele Clark Papers (Coll. No. Mss1 C5472 a FA2)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOn May 8, 1786, the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the United States of America was founded in Richmond, Virginia, the first institution of its kind formed in the States. The establishment of the Academy was the result of a zealous young French soldier and scholar, the Chevalier Alexander Marie Quesnay de Beaurepaire, who landed in Portsmouth, Virginia in early March 1777. Quesnay lobbied for over ten years to see his Academy built and was finally rewarded on June 24, 1786 when the cornerstone for a gallery, museum, theater and school was laid at Academy Square by Richmond's Masonic Lodge No. 13. After the completion of the building later that year, and the opening of the Academy strictly for theatrical purposes on October 10, the Academy quickly started experiencing financial problems. Within months of the opening, Quesnay quietly slipped out of the country to return to France on a quest to secure further funding, and he spent the next two and a half years trying to enlist the support of members of Paris' learned societies. With the fall of the Bastille in July 1789 however, Quesnay was called upon to serve as a commander in the Parisian militia, surviving the revolution, but never to return to his Academy or even to America's shores. The Academy continued to serve as a center for drama until the building was destroyed by a catastrophic fire on January 23, 1798. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter one hundred and thirty years elapsed, it was Quesnay's Academy that many noted Richmond artists sought to revive in the early 1930s, when the Academy was resurrected in Richmond. Decades earlier, members of another Richmond art organization, the Art Club of Richmond, directed their attention towards this task and created an Academy Committee within the Club to promote interest in its revival. In the spring of 1917, the Committee began a fund-raising effort by selling subscriptions for a sum invested in Liberty Bonds, to be paid towards an Academy Fund. The continuing war effort stalled the project however and the Art Club passed out of existence. In 1919, the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts was organized by Adele Clark and Nora Houston, and one of its main objectives was to restore the Academy, a movement which didn't gain real strength until 1924-1925, but finally resulted in the chartering of the Richmond Academy of Arts in 1930 \"to resume and promote the cultural activities and purposes of the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the United States of America.\" While all the while remaining true to the goals of fostering and preserving the artistic culture of Richmond, the new Academy was re-chartered in 1936 as the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts, although it was known by both names until its charter was revoked and the organization went out of business in 1948, largely due to the Academy's failure to gain enough support to build an adequate facility, and its purpose was eventually subsumed into the mission of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSource: \u003ca href=\"http://www.pandora.vmfa.museum/uhtbin/cgisirsi.exe/x/0/0/57/5/3?searchdata1=75415%7bCKEY%7d\u0026amp;searchfield1=GENERAL%5eSUBJECT%5eGENERAL%5e%5e\u0026amp;user_id=WEBSERVER/\"\u003eThe Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the United States of American: Being an Outline of the History of the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSource: \"Poet, Patriot and Pedagogue,\" by John G. Roberts, \u003ca href=\"http://www.pandora.vmfa.museum/uhtbin/cgisirsi.exe/x/0/0/57/5/3?searchdata1=29161%7bCKEY%7d\u0026amp;searchfield1=GENERAL%5eSUBJECT%5eGENERAL%5e%5e\u0026amp;user_id=WEBSERVER/\"\u003eArts in Virginia\u003c/a\u003e, Winter 1966\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["On May 8, 1786, the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the United States of America was founded in Richmond, Virginia, the first institution of its kind formed in the States. The establishment of the Academy was the result of a zealous young French soldier and scholar, the Chevalier Alexander Marie Quesnay de Beaurepaire, who landed in Portsmouth, Virginia in early March 1777. Quesnay lobbied for over ten years to see his Academy built and was finally rewarded on June 24, 1786 when the cornerstone for a gallery, museum, theater and school was laid at Academy Square by Richmond's Masonic Lodge No. 13. After the completion of the building later that year, and the opening of the Academy strictly for theatrical purposes on October 10, the Academy quickly started experiencing financial problems. Within months of the opening, Quesnay quietly slipped out of the country to return to France on a quest to secure further funding, and he spent the next two and a half years trying to enlist the support of members of Paris' learned societies. With the fall of the Bastille in July 1789 however, Quesnay was called upon to serve as a commander in the Parisian militia, surviving the revolution, but never to return to his Academy or even to America's shores. The Academy continued to serve as a center for drama until the building was destroyed by a catastrophic fire on January 23, 1798. ","After one hundred and thirty years elapsed, it was Quesnay's Academy that many noted Richmond artists sought to revive in the early 1930s, when the Academy was resurrected in Richmond. Decades earlier, members of another Richmond art organization, the Art Club of Richmond, directed their attention towards this task and created an Academy Committee within the Club to promote interest in its revival. In the spring of 1917, the Committee began a fund-raising effort by selling subscriptions for a sum invested in Liberty Bonds, to be paid towards an Academy Fund. The continuing war effort stalled the project however and the Art Club passed out of existence. In 1919, the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts was organized by Adele Clark and Nora Houston, and one of its main objectives was to restore the Academy, a movement which didn't gain real strength until 1924-1925, but finally resulted in the chartering of the Richmond Academy of Arts in 1930 \"to resume and promote the cultural activities and purposes of the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the United States of America.\" While all the while remaining true to the goals of fostering and preserving the artistic culture of Richmond, the new Academy was re-chartered in 1936 as the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts, although it was known by both names until its charter was revoked and the organization went out of business in 1948, largely due to the Academy's failure to gain enough support to build an adequate facility, and its purpose was eventually subsumed into the mission of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts.","Source:  The Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of the United States of American: Being an Outline of the History of the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts","Source: \"Poet, Patriot and Pedagogue,\" by John G. Roberts,  Arts in Virginia , Winter 1966"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is comprised of archival materials found in the VMFA Library's holdings. The collection was accessioned into the VMFA Archives' collection in August 2004.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["The collection is comprised of archival materials found in the VMFA Library's holdings. The collection was accessioned into the VMFA Archives' collection in August 2004."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords of Virginia Arts Organizations (SC-03). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Records of Virginia Arts Organizations (SC-03). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was initially processed in August 2004. A large accretion was processed in November 2005. During processing, original newspaper clippings were photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and incorporated into the vertical files in the Library collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Note"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was initially processed in August 2004. A large accretion was processed in November 2005. During processing, original newspaper clippings were photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and incorporated into the vertical files in the Library collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection's inclusive dates are 1888-1942, with the bulk of the material dating from 1931 and 1938. The collection is comprised of exhibition catalogs, correspondence, invitations, tickets, newsletters, bulletins and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is comprised of exhibition catalogs from various shows presented in Richmond and sponsored by different arts organizations from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, in the decades before the revival of the Richmond Academy of Arts in 1930. In 1888, the statewide \"Virginia Exposition\" was held at the fairgrounds in Richmond and mainly showcased artifacts of historical significance. Judge John Barton Payne donated his entire painting collection to the state of Virginia in 1919, which formed the core of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts' collection when it was founded. The Virginia League of Fine Arts was the successor to the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, and merged with the Academy just two years after their \"First Municipal Art Exhibition of Richmond\" in 1928.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series is comprised mainly of exhibition catalogues from various shows sponsored by or shown at the Academy. Much of the material relates to the two Tournaments of Arts and Crafts, held in April of 1931 and 1932, and which proved to be wildly popular month-long programs of juried exhibitions and competitions in drama, music, literature, elocution and dancing. Several of the items in the series have been cut out of a scrapbook created by Sallie Leigh Cole sometime in 1931 (see Series 4 for Cole's notes). It is not known when or by whom the items were removed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series is comprised of correspondence, chiefly between Thomas C. Colt, Director of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts and Captain W.M.F. Bayliss, Secretary of the Board of Trustees and later President of the Academy, who discussed the possibilities for a new home for the Academy in 1938, including the consideration of housing the Academy at the museum. Eventually, Colt convinced Bayliss that the museum and the Academy needed to remain two separate entities, while still supporting the Academy's mission and purpose. In 1940, the discussion turned to the topic of a Salon des Refuses, which presented paintings that were denied entry into the Third Biennial Exhibition of Contemporary American Painting at the museum, an idea Colt strongly supported. Other correspondents include Thomas Singleton, Director of the Academy, Adele Clark, State Director of the W.P.A. Project, and Blythe Branch, Richmond resident and philanthropist.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series consists of correspondence and notes relating to Sallie Leigh Cole, a local Richmond artist, and her relationship with the Academy in the early 1930s. In one letter she is invited to submit her artwork (media unknown) to a traveling exhibition of paintings, drawings and prints. Another letter notifies Cole that she is to serve as a hostess for the opening tea of the second Tournament of Arts and Crafts in 1932. Cole's notes outline the contents of a scrapbook that documented the early history of the Academy; her handwritten Foreword reads, \"This scrapbook was assembled by the Art Appreciation Class of Richmond Normal School in the spring of 1931. An attempt has been made to collect and compile data of the history of the Richmond Academy of Arts from its beginning in 1786 through its revival in 1931. The members of the art class working on this scrapbook were\"; the Foreword stops there. The scrapbook is no longer extant, although several of the items once glued into the book can be found in Series 1 of the collection. Cole also compiled information on French artist Charles Hoffbauer, who painted the murals \"The Four Seasons at the Confederacy\" at Battle Abbey in Richmond, which were completed in 1921. The series also includes a few items of unknown origin or relevance to Cole and the Academy, but were kept with the collection as they were discovered along with the other items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series is comprised of issues of the Southern States Art League Newsletter, a prominent regionalist artist organization, headquartered in New Orleans and in operation from 1922-1950, dedicated to promoting the cause and interests of Southern artists and the South through art. Holding annual conventions and exhibitions for almost every year of its 28-year existence, members of the League hailed from thirteen Southern states and the District of Columbia. Active membership was based upon the artist having been born in the South or a resident for two years, and in active practice of an artistic profession. It is unknown how many Richmond artists were members, but the Virginia Museum was a Sustaining Member, and in 1947, the League's annual exhibition of Southern artists was hung concurrently with the museum's annual exhibition of Virginia Artists, suggesting a strong link between Richmond and the League.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Note","Series Description","Series Description","Series Description","Series Description","Series Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection's inclusive dates are 1888-1942, with the bulk of the material dating from 1931 and 1938. The collection is comprised of exhibition catalogs, correspondence, invitations, tickets, newsletters, bulletins and other ephemeral material.","This series is comprised of exhibition catalogs from various shows presented in Richmond and sponsored by different arts organizations from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, in the decades before the revival of the Richmond Academy of Arts in 1930. In 1888, the statewide \"Virginia Exposition\" was held at the fairgrounds in Richmond and mainly showcased artifacts of historical significance. Judge John Barton Payne donated his entire painting collection to the state of Virginia in 1919, which formed the core of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts' collection when it was founded. The Virginia League of Fine Arts was the successor to the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, and merged with the Academy just two years after their \"First Municipal Art Exhibition of Richmond\" in 1928.","The series is comprised mainly of exhibition catalogues from various shows sponsored by or shown at the Academy. Much of the material relates to the two Tournaments of Arts and Crafts, held in April of 1931 and 1932, and which proved to be wildly popular month-long programs of juried exhibitions and competitions in drama, music, literature, elocution and dancing. Several of the items in the series have been cut out of a scrapbook created by Sallie Leigh Cole sometime in 1931 (see Series 4 for Cole's notes). It is not known when or by whom the items were removed.","The series is comprised of correspondence, chiefly between Thomas C. Colt, Director of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts and Captain W.M.F. Bayliss, Secretary of the Board of Trustees and later President of the Academy, who discussed the possibilities for a new home for the Academy in 1938, including the consideration of housing the Academy at the museum. Eventually, Colt convinced Bayliss that the museum and the Academy needed to remain two separate entities, while still supporting the Academy's mission and purpose. In 1940, the discussion turned to the topic of a Salon des Refuses, which presented paintings that were denied entry into the Third Biennial Exhibition of Contemporary American Painting at the museum, an idea Colt strongly supported. Other correspondents include Thomas Singleton, Director of the Academy, Adele Clark, State Director of the W.P.A. Project, and Blythe Branch, Richmond resident and philanthropist.","The series consists of correspondence and notes relating to Sallie Leigh Cole, a local Richmond artist, and her relationship with the Academy in the early 1930s. In one letter she is invited to submit her artwork (media unknown) to a traveling exhibition of paintings, drawings and prints. Another letter notifies Cole that she is to serve as a hostess for the opening tea of the second Tournament of Arts and Crafts in 1932. Cole's notes outline the contents of a scrapbook that documented the early history of the Academy; her handwritten Foreword reads, \"This scrapbook was assembled by the Art Appreciation Class of Richmond Normal School in the spring of 1931. An attempt has been made to collect and compile data of the history of the Richmond Academy of Arts from its beginning in 1786 through its revival in 1931. The members of the art class working on this scrapbook were\"; the Foreword stops there. The scrapbook is no longer extant, although several of the items once glued into the book can be found in Series 1 of the collection. Cole also compiled information on French artist Charles Hoffbauer, who painted the murals \"The Four Seasons at the Confederacy\" at Battle Abbey in Richmond, which were completed in 1921. The series also includes a few items of unknown origin or relevance to Cole and the Academy, but were kept with the collection as they were discovered along with the other items.","The series is comprised of issues of the Southern States Art League Newsletter, a prominent regionalist artist organization, headquartered in New Orleans and in operation from 1922-1950, dedicated to promoting the cause and interests of Southern artists and the South through art. Holding annual conventions and exhibitions for almost every year of its 28-year existence, members of the League hailed from thirteen Southern states and the District of Columbia. Active membership was based upon the artist having been born in the South or a resident for two years, and in active practice of an artistic profession. It is unknown how many Richmond artists were members, but the Virginia Museum was a Sustaining Member, and in 1947, the League's annual exhibition of Southern artists was hung concurrently with the museum's annual exhibition of Virginia Artists, suggesting a strong link between Richmond and the League."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Publication"],"userestrict_tesim":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7f7888ae484e7c6bfb4c577f3b85ff90\"\u003eThe collection documents the rich history of Richmond's artistic culture and community in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Drawing upon the legacy of the first Academy of Fine Arts in the United States, founded in Richmond in 1786, the Richmond Academy of Arts was revived in 1930, and records created throughout the organization's history comprise the majority of the collection. The Academy provided the most cohesive and active arts organization in Richmond before the founding of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. Even after the museum's opening in 1936, the relationship between the Academy and the museum is notable; from the correspondence between Thomas C. Colt, the museum's first Director, and two Presidents of the Academy, to the creation of Richmond's first \"Salon des Refuses,\" and to the repeated overlapping of artist and patron names within the organizations.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection documents the rich history of Richmond's artistic culture and community in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Drawing upon the legacy of the first Academy of Fine Arts in the United States, founded in Richmond in 1786, the Richmond Academy of Arts was revived in 1930, and records created throughout the organization's history comprise the majority of the collection. The Academy provided the most cohesive and active arts organization in Richmond before the founding of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. Even after the museum's opening in 1936, the relationship between the Academy and the museum is notable; from the correspondence between Thomas C. Colt, the museum's first Director, and two Presidents of the Academy, to the creation of Richmond's first \"Salon des Refuses,\" and to the repeated overlapping of artist and patron names within the organizations."],"names_coll_ssim":["Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts","Art Club of Richmond","Richmond Academy of Arts","Southern States Art League","Tournament of Arts and Crafts","Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Woman's Club (Richmond, Va.)‏","Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts","Richmond Academy of Arts","Southern States Art League","Art Club of Richmond","Tournament of Arts and Crafts","Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Woman's Club (Richmond, Va.)‏","Cole, Sallie Leigh","Colt, Thomas C., 1905-1985","Weddell, Alexander Wilbourne, 1876-1948","Singleton, Thomas","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Bayliss, W. M. F.‏ (William Murray Forbes), 1896-","Branch, Blythe","Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts","Richmond Academy of Arts","Southern States Art League","Art Club of Richmond","Tournament of Arts and Crafts","Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Woman's Club (Richmond, Va.)‏"],"persname_ssim":["Cole, Sallie Leigh","Colt, Thomas C., 1905-1985","Weddell, Alexander Wilbourne, 1876-1948","Singleton, Thomas","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Bayliss, W. M. F.‏ (William Murray Forbes), 1896-","Branch, Blythe","Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":126,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T03:32:35.642Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_17_c01"}},{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984_c02","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Series 2: Henrietta Near","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984_c02#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis series documents the life and career of Henrietta Near.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984_c02","ref_ssm":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984_c02"],"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984_c02","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984","parent_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984","parent_ssim":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984"],"parent_ids_ssim":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42)"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42)"],"text":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42)","Series 2: Henrietta Near","English .","This series documents the life and career of Henrietta Near."],"title_filing_ssi":"Series 2: Henrietta Near","title_ssm":["Series 2: Henrietta Near"],"title_tesim":["Series 2: Henrietta Near"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1873-2020"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1873/2020"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Series 2: Henrietta Near"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"collection_ssim":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42)"],"extent_ssm":["3 boxes 3 boxes; 14 folders"],"extent_tesim":["3 boxes 3 boxes; 14 folders"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":4,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":10,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"date_range_isim":[1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020],"language_ssim":["English ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis series documents the life and career of Henrietta Near.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This series documents the life and career of Henrietta Near."],"_nest_path_":"/components#1","timestamp":"2026-05-21T03:07:10.049Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMFA/repositories_2_resources_15984.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.vmfa.museum/repositories/2/resources/15984","title_filing_ssi":"Near, Pinkney and Henrietta (SC-42)","title_ssm":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42)"],"title_tesim":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1873-2020"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1873-2020"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC-42","/repositories/2/resources/15984"],"text":["SC-42","/repositories/2/resources/15984","Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42)","Art museum curators.","Women artists.","Artists -- Virginia","The collection is open for research.","The collection is organized into 4 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.","Series 1 Pinkney Near, 1916-2002 Series 2 Henrietta Near, 1873-2020 Series 3 Pinkney and Henrietta Near, 1962-1966 Series 4 Artist Research Files, 1969-2011","Pinkney Longlois Near was born April 28, 1927, in Manhattan, New York. After graduating from St. Paul's School in 1944, Pinkney joined the U.S. Marine Corps., serving in the Pacific Theater during the Occupation of Japan from March 26, 1945-August 21, 1946. In 1950, Pinkney earned his Bachelor of Arts from Johns Hopkins University. On August 18, 1956, Pinkney married Henrietta. From 1954-1990, Pinkney served as a curator of VMFA, only leaving briefly to work as a curator at the Cincinnati Art Museum. Pinkney passed away August 29, 1990.","Henrietta Jane Near (née Lloyd) was born November 2, 1929, in Holyoke, Massachusetts. She first began exploring art in Hartford, Connecticut at the Hartford Art School. Henrietta graduated from Wellesley College in 1951 with a Bachelor of Fine Arts in Art History and a minor in Studio Art. She taught silkscreen painting at VMFA from 1980-1989 before moving on to teach drawing and pastel at the Hand Workshop from 1990-1992. Henrietta was an involved participant in Richmond's local art scene, exhibiting her art at the 1708 Gallery, Artspace Gallery, and the Henry Street Gallery, among others. Her artwork can be found in the collections of Randolph-Macon College, Virginia Wesleyan College, University of Virginia Hospital, and the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, in addition to numerous private collections. ","The collection was packed and donated by Henrietta's estate in August 2023.","In general, during processing, all publications are removed and added to the VMFA Library's holdings and original newspaper clippings are photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and then destroyed. Original folder titles are retained, when provided.","The collection's inclusive dates are 1873-2020, with the bulk of the material dating from 1970-2000. The collection consists of correspondence, financial records, ephemera, newspaper articles, and photographic materials depicting the lives and careers of Pinkney and Henrietta Near, as well as papers from their respective families.","This series documents the life and career of Pinkney Near.","This file contains correspondence, newspaper clippings, ephemera, and a miniature medallion pertaining to Pinkney's time at the VMFA.","This file contains correspondence, newspaper clippings, and ephemera pertaining to Pinkney's time at the Cincinnati Art Museum.","This file contains a baby book, birth certificate, bibliography, diplomas, report cards, among other materials pertaining to Pinkney's early life and education.","This file contains papers and cards documenting Pinkney's time in the Marine Corps.","This file contains ephemera, correspondence, and vital records pertaining to Pinkney's life.","This sub-series contains correspondence between Near family members, articles, and poetry written by Clifford Near, Pinkney's brother.","This series documents the life and career of Henrietta Near.","This file contains loan agreements, sale orders, correspondence, photographs, and articles pertaining to Henrietta's artwork.","This file contains correspondence, grant applications, meeting minutes, articles, and ephemera pertaining to Henrietta's work with various Richmond art organizations. Included are Art6 (2004-2015), ArtSpace (1990-2007), Hand Workshop (1991-1992), Henry Street Gallery (1987), Very Special Arts (1998-2000), and VMFA (1961).","This file contains correspondence, newspaper clippings, and articles about the topic of dance and Henrietta's dance career.","This sub-series contains correspondence, ephemera, and newspaper clippings that pertain to Henrietta's personal life and interests.","This sub-series contains correspondence and financial records that pertain to the finances of and donations made by Henrietta Near. Included in the institutions she donated to are the Bayly Art Museum and the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, among others.","This sub-series contains correspondence, a book, ephemera, and photographs that pertain to the Lloyd family.","This series contains correspondence, photographs, and ephemera pertaining to the shared lives of Pinkney and Henrietta Near.","This series contains articles and ephemera pertaining to artists of interest to Pinkney and Henrietta Near.","A framed photograph of Pinkney in his military uniform has been stored separately from the rest of the collection.","Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.","This collection documents the lives and careers of Pinkney Near, former curator of VMFA, and his wife, artist and art aficionado, Henrietta Near.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta.","English \n,        Latin \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["SC-42","/repositories/2/resources/15984"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42)"],"collection_ssim":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42)"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"creator_ssm":["Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta.","Near, Henrietta."],"creator_ssim":["Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta.","Near, Henrietta."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta.","Near, Henrietta."],"creators_ssim":["Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta.","Near, Henrietta."],"access_terms_ssm":["Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Art museum curators.","Women artists.","Artists -- Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Art museum curators.","Women artists.","Artists -- Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.5 Linear Feet 4 boxes; 27 folders"],"extent_tesim":["2.5 Linear Feet 4 boxes; 27 folders"],"date_range_isim":[1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into 4 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 1\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003ePinkney Near, 1916-2002\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 2\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eHenrietta Near, 1873-2020\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 3\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003ePinkney and Henrietta Near, 1962-1966\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 4\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eArtist Research Files, 1969-2011\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into 4 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.","Series 1 Pinkney Near, 1916-2002 Series 2 Henrietta Near, 1873-2020 Series 3 Pinkney and Henrietta Near, 1962-1966 Series 4 Artist Research Files, 1969-2011"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePinkney Longlois Near was born April 28, 1927, in Manhattan, New York. After graduating from St. Paul's School in 1944, Pinkney joined the U.S. Marine Corps., serving in the Pacific Theater during the Occupation of Japan from March 26, 1945-August 21, 1946. In 1950, Pinkney earned his Bachelor of Arts from Johns Hopkins University. On August 18, 1956, Pinkney married Henrietta. From 1954-1990, Pinkney served as a curator of VMFA, only leaving briefly to work as a curator at the Cincinnati Art Museum. Pinkney passed away August 29, 1990.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHenrietta Jane Near (née Lloyd) was born November 2, 1929, in Holyoke, Massachusetts. She first began exploring art in Hartford, Connecticut at the Hartford Art School. Henrietta graduated from Wellesley College in 1951 with a Bachelor of Fine Arts in Art History and a minor in Studio Art. She taught silkscreen painting at VMFA from 1980-1989 before moving on to teach drawing and pastel at the Hand Workshop from 1990-1992. Henrietta was an involved participant in Richmond's local art scene, exhibiting her art at the 1708 Gallery, Artspace Gallery, and the Henry Street Gallery, among others. Her artwork can be found in the collections of Randolph-Macon College, Virginia Wesleyan College, University of Virginia Hospital, and the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, in addition to numerous private collections. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Pinkney Longlois Near was born April 28, 1927, in Manhattan, New York. After graduating from St. Paul's School in 1944, Pinkney joined the U.S. Marine Corps., serving in the Pacific Theater during the Occupation of Japan from March 26, 1945-August 21, 1946. In 1950, Pinkney earned his Bachelor of Arts from Johns Hopkins University. On August 18, 1956, Pinkney married Henrietta. From 1954-1990, Pinkney served as a curator of VMFA, only leaving briefly to work as a curator at the Cincinnati Art Museum. Pinkney passed away August 29, 1990.","Henrietta Jane Near (née Lloyd) was born November 2, 1929, in Holyoke, Massachusetts. She first began exploring art in Hartford, Connecticut at the Hartford Art School. Henrietta graduated from Wellesley College in 1951 with a Bachelor of Fine Arts in Art History and a minor in Studio Art. She taught silkscreen painting at VMFA from 1980-1989 before moving on to teach drawing and pastel at the Hand Workshop from 1990-1992. Henrietta was an involved participant in Richmond's local art scene, exhibiting her art at the 1708 Gallery, Artspace Gallery, and the Henry Street Gallery, among others. Her artwork can be found in the collections of Randolph-Macon College, Virginia Wesleyan College, University of Virginia Hospital, and the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, in addition to numerous private collections. "],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was packed and donated by Henrietta's estate in August 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["The collection was packed and donated by Henrietta's estate in August 2023."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42). Gift of Henrietta J. Near. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Pinkney Near Personal Papers and Henrietta Near Artist Archives (SC-42). Gift of Henrietta J. Near. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn general, during processing, all publications are removed and added to the VMFA Library's holdings and original newspaper clippings are photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and then destroyed. Original folder titles are retained, when provided.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["In general, during processing, all publications are removed and added to the VMFA Library's holdings and original newspaper clippings are photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and then destroyed. Original folder titles are retained, when provided."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection's inclusive dates are 1873-2020, with the bulk of the material dating from 1970-2000. The collection consists of correspondence, financial records, ephemera, newspaper articles, and photographic materials depicting the lives and careers of Pinkney and Henrietta Near, as well as papers from their respective families.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series documents the life and career of Pinkney Near.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file contains correspondence, newspaper clippings, ephemera, and a miniature medallion pertaining to Pinkney's time at the VMFA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file contains correspondence, newspaper clippings, and ephemera pertaining to Pinkney's time at the Cincinnati Art Museum.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file contains a baby book, birth certificate, bibliography, diplomas, report cards, among other materials pertaining to Pinkney's early life and education.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file contains papers and cards documenting Pinkney's time in the Marine Corps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file contains ephemera, correspondence, and vital records pertaining to Pinkney's life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains correspondence between Near family members, articles, and poetry written by Clifford Near, Pinkney's brother.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series documents the life and career of Henrietta Near.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file contains loan agreements, sale orders, correspondence, photographs, and articles pertaining to Henrietta's artwork.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file contains correspondence, grant applications, meeting minutes, articles, and ephemera pertaining to Henrietta's work with various Richmond art organizations. Included are Art6 (2004-2015), ArtSpace (1990-2007), Hand Workshop (1991-1992), Henry Street Gallery (1987), Very Special Arts (1998-2000), and VMFA (1961).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file contains correspondence, newspaper clippings, and articles about the topic of dance and Henrietta's dance career.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains correspondence, ephemera, and newspaper clippings that pertain to Henrietta's personal life and interests.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains correspondence and financial records that pertain to the finances of and donations made by Henrietta Near. Included in the institutions she donated to are the Bayly Art Museum and the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, among others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains correspondence, a book, ephemera, and photographs that pertain to the Lloyd family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains correspondence, photographs, and ephemera pertaining to the shared lives of Pinkney and Henrietta Near.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains articles and ephemera pertaining to artists of interest to Pinkney and Henrietta Near.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection's inclusive dates are 1873-2020, with the bulk of the material dating from 1970-2000. The collection consists of correspondence, financial records, ephemera, newspaper articles, and photographic materials depicting the lives and careers of Pinkney and Henrietta Near, as well as papers from their respective families.","This series documents the life and career of Pinkney Near.","This file contains correspondence, newspaper clippings, ephemera, and a miniature medallion pertaining to Pinkney's time at the VMFA.","This file contains correspondence, newspaper clippings, and ephemera pertaining to Pinkney's time at the Cincinnati Art Museum.","This file contains a baby book, birth certificate, bibliography, diplomas, report cards, among other materials pertaining to Pinkney's early life and education.","This file contains papers and cards documenting Pinkney's time in the Marine Corps.","This file contains ephemera, correspondence, and vital records pertaining to Pinkney's life.","This sub-series contains correspondence between Near family members, articles, and poetry written by Clifford Near, Pinkney's brother.","This series documents the life and career of Henrietta Near.","This file contains loan agreements, sale orders, correspondence, photographs, and articles pertaining to Henrietta's artwork.","This file contains correspondence, grant applications, meeting minutes, articles, and ephemera pertaining to Henrietta's work with various Richmond art organizations. Included are Art6 (2004-2015), ArtSpace (1990-2007), Hand Workshop (1991-1992), Henry Street Gallery (1987), Very Special Arts (1998-2000), and VMFA (1961).","This file contains correspondence, newspaper clippings, and articles about the topic of dance and Henrietta's dance career.","This sub-series contains correspondence, ephemera, and newspaper clippings that pertain to Henrietta's personal life and interests.","This sub-series contains correspondence and financial records that pertain to the finances of and donations made by Henrietta Near. Included in the institutions she donated to are the Bayly Art Museum and the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, among others.","This sub-series contains correspondence, a book, ephemera, and photographs that pertain to the Lloyd family.","This series contains correspondence, photographs, and ephemera pertaining to the shared lives of Pinkney and Henrietta Near.","This series contains articles and ephemera pertaining to artists of interest to Pinkney and Henrietta Near."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA framed photograph of Pinkney in his military uniform has been stored separately from the rest of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["A framed photograph of Pinkney in his military uniform has been stored separately from the rest of the collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTransmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_1cd6e60b6a6093df572b3bc99a2beed1\"\u003eThis collection documents the lives and careers of Pinkney Near, former curator of VMFA, and his wife, artist and art aficionado, Henrietta Near.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection documents the lives and careers of Pinkney Near, former curator of VMFA, and his wife, artist and art aficionado, Henrietta Near."],"names_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta."],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta.","Near, Henrietta."],"persname_ssim":["Near, Pinkney L., 1927-1990","Near, Henrietta."],"language_ssim":["English \n,        Latin \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":19,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T03:07:10.049Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_15984_c02"}},{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_2_c02","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Series 2: Publications","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_2_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_2_c02","ref_ssm":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_2_c02"],"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_2_c02","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_2","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_2","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_2","parent_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_2","parent_ssim":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_2"],"parent_ids_ssim":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_2"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21)"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21)"],"text":["R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21)","Series 2: Publications","Frank Leslie's illustrated newspaper","Sons of Confederate Veterans (Organization). R.E. Lee Camp No. 1 (Richmond, Va.)","Leslie, Frank, 1821-1880","Lee Camp Soldiers' Home (Richmond, Va.)","Soldiers' homes -- Virginia -- Richmond","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865"],"title_filing_ssi":"Series 2: Publications","title_ssm":["Series 2: Publications"],"title_tesim":["Series 2: Publications"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1885-1914"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1885/1914"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Series 2: Publications"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"collection_ssim":["R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21)"],"extent_ssm":["2 items"],"extent_tesim":["2 items"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":2,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":13,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research.","The digital collection can be accessed through the VMFA Collections Search website."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Digitized content is licensed for use under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License. Transmission or reproduction of other materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders. "],"date_range_isim":[1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914],"names_ssim":["Frank Leslie's illustrated newspaper","Sons of Confederate Veterans (Organization). R.E. Lee Camp No. 1 (Richmond, Va.)","Leslie, Frank, 1821-1880"],"corpname_ssim":["Frank Leslie's illustrated newspaper","Sons of Confederate Veterans (Organization). R.E. Lee Camp No. 1 (Richmond, Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Leslie, Frank, 1821-1880"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Lee Camp Soldiers' Home (Richmond, Va.)","Soldiers' homes -- Virginia -- Richmond","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Lee Camp Soldiers' Home (Richmond, Va.)","Soldiers' homes -- Virginia -- Richmond","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1","timestamp":"2026-05-21T03:41:41.760Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_2","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_2","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_2","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_2","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMFA/repositories_2_resources_2.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.vmfa.museum/repositories/2/resources/2","title_filing_ssi":"R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans (SC-21)","title_ssm":["R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21)"],"title_tesim":["R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1885-1958"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1885-1958"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC-21","/repositories/2/resources/2"],"text":["SC-21","/repositories/2/resources/2","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21)","Lee Camp Soldiers' Home (Richmond, Va.)","Soldiers' homes -- Virginia -- Richmond","Home for Needy Confederate Women (Richmond, Va.)","Confederate Memorial Chapel","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Sons of Confederate Veterans (Organization). R.E. Lee Camp No. 1 (Richmond, Va.)","Grand Army of the Republic -- Seward Post No. 37 (Auburn, N.Y.)","The collection is open for research.","The digital collection can be accessed through the  VMFA Collections Search website .","The collection is organized into three series, and items are arranged chronologically within each series.","Series 1 Images, 1907-1958, undated Series 2 Publications, 1885-1914 Series 3 Realia, 1885","VMFA: Building History: Confederate Memorial Chapel","VMFA: Building History: Confederate Home for Ladies","VMFA: Building History: Robinson House: General","VMFA: Building History: Robinson House: Robinson Family, 1840s-1880s","VMFA: Building History: Robinson House: R.E. Lee Camp: Confederate Soldiers' Home (Fleming Hall)","VMFA: Building History: Robinson House: R.E. Lee Camp: Confederate Soldiers' Museum (Fleming Hall)","VMFA: Building History: Robinson House: \"Confederate Memorial Park,\" Post 1934 and Controversy, 1954","In the 1830s through the 1850s, Anthony Robinson Jr. purchased over 170 acres in the center of what would become the city of Richmond, including the property on which VMFA now stands. The estate, comprised of woods and open countryside, was cultivated and improved, no doubt through the labor of the enslaved African Americans listed in Robinson's tax records and will. Little is known about the earliest Robinson residence, but the imposing farmhouse still standing on the museum property was built by Anthony Robinson Jr. in the mid-1850s. In April 1865, during the final weeks of the Civil War, Union troops occupied the house and grounds at the invitation of Robinson's widow, Rebecca, in exchange for protection from looting. In 1883, the couple's son Channing sold the residence and thirty-six surrounding acres to establish a Confederate soldiers' home. ","Between 1885 and 1941 the property was the site of a large residential complex for poor and infirm Confederate veterans of the Civil War. Established by R. E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans, the camp was built with private funds, including donations from former Confederate and Union soldiers alike. At peak occupancy, residents numbered just over three hundred; altogether a total of nearly three thousand veterans from thirty-three states called the camp home. For the next half century, Robinson House, renamed Fleming Hall during the soldiers' home era, served as the compound's administration building and war museum. After the camp's closing, the Commonwealth granted use of the building to the Virginia Institute for Scientific Research in the 1950s and to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts from 1964 to the present.","The green space in the central grounds of today's VMFA property was once the commons of the Confederate soldiers' home. Around the oak-filled park stood the administration building, barracks, dining hall, hospital, recreation hall, steam plant, and assorted outbuildings. The superintendent's house, nine residential cottages, and a chapel formed an arc to the west. With the exception of Robinson House and the Confederate Memorial Chapel, the structures were demolished or moved in the early 1940s. From the camp's earliest years, the Commonwealth of Virginia helped fund the institution. In 1892, Lee Camp No. 1 agreed that the property would revert to the Commonwealth in twenty-two years. A later agreement extended that transition to the time when the original purpose of the home was no longer needed. When the last resident died in 1941, the Commonwealth gained ownership of the site. By that time, it had been designated as the Confederate Memorial Park.","Dedicated in 1887 to the Confederate war dead, the nondenominational Confederate Memorial Chapel (also referred to as the Pelham Chapel) served as a place of worship for the residents of R. E. Lee Camp, No. 1. Funded by donations from veterans and private citizens of the Commonwealth, it was designed by architect Marion J. Dimmock in the Carpenter-Gothic style. In the postwar era of reconciliation, Union veterans from Lynn, Massachusetts, donated the organ. By the time the camp closed fifty-four years later, the chapel had hosted approximately 1,700 funeral services for the former soldiers. ","The monumental limestone building to the west of the present museum grounds was built in 1932 as a residence for destitute female relatives of Confederate veterans. After relocating the final inhabitants of the Home for Needy Confederate Women to a nursing facility in 1989, the Commonwealth set aside the property for use by the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. ","Source:  History of the VMFA Grounds","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","The collection was created by the VMFA Archives in 2017 to bring together primary sources about the camp. The register and reunion ribbons were purchased by VMFA Library in November 2014 and July 2015. The postcards were donated by Elizabeth O'Leary in June 2015. The other materials were relocated from vertical files in the VMFA Library.","Copyright Dementi Studio","Registration ledger signature book for visitors to the Soldiers' Home. Commercially printed borders with advertising from Richmond area businesses. Includes a page signed by ten members of the Blackfeet Nation, including four Chiefs, with their pictograph inscriptions.","This item was removed on January 22, 2019 to be placed on exhibition in the Robinson House. The register was returned to the Archives on March 4, 2021 and a reproduction of the register is now on display in the exhibition.","This item was removed by Objects Conservator Ainslie Harrison on January 9, 2019 to be placed on exhibition in the Robinson House. The ribbon was returned to the Archives on November 22, 2019.","This item was removed by Objects Conservator Ainslie Harrison on January 9, 2019 to be placed on exhibition in the Robinson House. The ribbon was returned to the Archives on November 22, 2019.","The collection's inclusive dates are 1885-1958, with the bulk of the material dating from 1885-1937. The collection is comprised of photographs, postcards, reunion ribbons, press clippings, and a guest register.","The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Digitized content is licensed for use under a  Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License . Transmission or reproduction of other materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders. ","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","Copyright Undetermined: https://rightsstatements.org/page/UND/1.0/?language=en","Copyright Undetermined: https://rightsstatements.org/page/UND/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","The collection documents the history of R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans, a large residential complex for poor and infirm Confederate veterans of the Civil War. Altogether a total of nearly three thousand veterans from thirty-three states called the camp home, and after the camp's closing, the Commonwealth eventually granted use of the buildings and land to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. The collection is comprised of photographs and postcards that document the changing landscape of the camp over 50 years, a rare guest register that includes thousands of guest signatures and a page signed by ten members of the Blackfeet Nation, and two extremely rare artifacts – reunion ribbons – provide material testimony to the reconciliation efforts of Confederate and Union veterans only twenty years after they faced each other as enemies during the Civil War.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Dementi Studio","Baltimore sun","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Capitol News Agency","Hugh C. Leighton Company","Louis Kaufmann and Sons","Southern Bargain House","Frank Leslie's illustrated newspaper","Sons of Confederate Veterans (Organization). R.E. Lee Camp No. 1 (Richmond, Va.)","Grand Army of the Republic. Seward Post No. 37 (Auburn, N.Y.)","Leslie, Frank, 1821-1880","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["SC-21","/repositories/2/resources/2"],"normalized_title_ssm":["R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21)"],"collection_title_tesim":["R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21)"],"collection_ssim":["R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21)"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"access_terms_ssm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Digitized content is licensed for use under a  Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License . Transmission or reproduction of other materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders. "],"access_subjects_ssim":["Lee Camp Soldiers' Home (Richmond, Va.)","Soldiers' homes -- Virginia -- Richmond","Home for Needy Confederate Women (Richmond, Va.)","Confederate Memorial Chapel","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Sons of Confederate Veterans (Organization). R.E. Lee Camp No. 1 (Richmond, Va.)","Grand Army of the Republic -- Seward Post No. 37 (Auburn, N.Y.)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Lee Camp Soldiers' Home (Richmond, Va.)","Soldiers' homes -- Virginia -- Richmond","Home for Needy Confederate Women (Richmond, Va.)","Confederate Memorial Chapel","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Sons of Confederate Veterans (Organization). R.E. Lee Camp No. 1 (Richmond, Va.)","Grand Army of the Republic -- Seward Post No. 37 (Auburn, N.Y.)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Linear Feet 3 boxes; 13 items"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Linear Feet 3 boxes; 13 items"],"date_range_isim":[1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe digital collection can be accessed through the \u003ca href=\"https://www.vmfa.museum/archives/records-of-the-r-e-lee-camp-no-1-confederate-veterans-sc-21/\"\u003eVMFA Collections Search website\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research.","The digital collection can be accessed through the  VMFA Collections Search website ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into three series, and items are arranged chronologically within each series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 1\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eImages, 1907-1958, undated\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 2\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003ePublications, 1885-1914\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 3\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRealia, 1885\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into three series, and items are arranged chronologically within each series.","Series 1 Images, 1907-1958, undated Series 2 Publications, 1885-1914 Series 3 Realia, 1885"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eVMFA: Building History: Confederate Memorial Chapel\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eVMFA: Building History: Confederate Home for Ladies\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eVMFA: Building History: Robinson House: General\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eVMFA: Building History: Robinson House: Robinson Family, 1840s-1880s\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eVMFA: Building History: Robinson House: R.E. Lee Camp: Confederate Soldiers' Home (Fleming Hall)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eVMFA: Building History: Robinson House: R.E. Lee Camp: Confederate Soldiers' Museum (Fleming Hall)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eVMFA: Building History: Robinson House: \"Confederate Memorial Park,\" Post 1934 and Controversy, 1954\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Related Materials - VMFA Library: Subject Files"],"bibliography_tesim":["VMFA: Building History: Confederate Memorial Chapel","VMFA: Building History: Confederate Home for Ladies","VMFA: Building History: Robinson House: General","VMFA: Building History: Robinson House: Robinson Family, 1840s-1880s","VMFA: Building History: Robinson House: R.E. Lee Camp: Confederate Soldiers' Home (Fleming Hall)","VMFA: Building History: Robinson House: R.E. Lee Camp: Confederate Soldiers' Museum (Fleming Hall)","VMFA: Building History: Robinson House: \"Confederate Memorial Park,\" Post 1934 and Controversy, 1954"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn the 1830s through the 1850s, Anthony Robinson Jr. purchased over 170 acres in the center of what would become the city of Richmond, including the property on which VMFA now stands. The estate, comprised of woods and open countryside, was cultivated and improved, no doubt through the labor of the enslaved African Americans listed in Robinson's tax records and will. Little is known about the earliest Robinson residence, but the imposing farmhouse still standing on the museum property was built by Anthony Robinson Jr. in the mid-1850s. In April 1865, during the final weeks of the Civil War, Union troops occupied the house and grounds at the invitation of Robinson's widow, Rebecca, in exchange for protection from looting. In 1883, the couple's son Channing sold the residence and thirty-six surrounding acres to establish a Confederate soldiers' home. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBetween 1885 and 1941 the property was the site of a large residential complex for poor and infirm Confederate veterans of the Civil War. Established by R. E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans, the camp was built with private funds, including donations from former Confederate and Union soldiers alike. At peak occupancy, residents numbered just over three hundred; altogether a total of nearly three thousand veterans from thirty-three states called the camp home. For the next half century, Robinson House, renamed Fleming Hall during the soldiers' home era, served as the compound's administration building and war museum. After the camp's closing, the Commonwealth granted use of the building to the Virginia Institute for Scientific Research in the 1950s and to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts from 1964 to the present.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe green space in the central grounds of today's VMFA property was once the commons of the Confederate soldiers' home. Around the oak-filled park stood the administration building, barracks, dining hall, hospital, recreation hall, steam plant, and assorted outbuildings. The superintendent's house, nine residential cottages, and a chapel formed an arc to the west. With the exception of Robinson House and the Confederate Memorial Chapel, the structures were demolished or moved in the early 1940s. From the camp's earliest years, the Commonwealth of Virginia helped fund the institution. In 1892, Lee Camp No. 1 agreed that the property would revert to the Commonwealth in twenty-two years. A later agreement extended that transition to the time when the original purpose of the home was no longer needed. When the last resident died in 1941, the Commonwealth gained ownership of the site. By that time, it had been designated as the Confederate Memorial Park.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDedicated in 1887 to the Confederate war dead, the nondenominational Confederate Memorial Chapel (also referred to as the Pelham Chapel) served as a place of worship for the residents of R. E. Lee Camp, No. 1. Funded by donations from veterans and private citizens of the Commonwealth, it was designed by architect Marion J. Dimmock in the Carpenter-Gothic style. In the postwar era of reconciliation, Union veterans from Lynn, Massachusetts, donated the organ. By the time the camp closed fifty-four years later, the chapel had hosted approximately 1,700 funeral services for the former soldiers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe monumental limestone building to the west of the present museum grounds was built in 1932 as a residence for destitute female relatives of Confederate veterans. After relocating the final inhabitants of the Home for Needy Confederate Women to a nursing facility in 1989, the Commonwealth set aside the property for use by the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSource: \u003ca href=\"https://vmfa.museum/about/grounds-history/\"\u003eHistory of the VMFA Grounds\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican--1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican--1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican--1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican--1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican--1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican--1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican--1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican--1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican--1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican--1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican--1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican--1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican--1\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["In the 1830s through the 1850s, Anthony Robinson Jr. purchased over 170 acres in the center of what would become the city of Richmond, including the property on which VMFA now stands. The estate, comprised of woods and open countryside, was cultivated and improved, no doubt through the labor of the enslaved African Americans listed in Robinson's tax records and will. Little is known about the earliest Robinson residence, but the imposing farmhouse still standing on the museum property was built by Anthony Robinson Jr. in the mid-1850s. In April 1865, during the final weeks of the Civil War, Union troops occupied the house and grounds at the invitation of Robinson's widow, Rebecca, in exchange for protection from looting. In 1883, the couple's son Channing sold the residence and thirty-six surrounding acres to establish a Confederate soldiers' home. ","Between 1885 and 1941 the property was the site of a large residential complex for poor and infirm Confederate veterans of the Civil War. Established by R. E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans, the camp was built with private funds, including donations from former Confederate and Union soldiers alike. At peak occupancy, residents numbered just over three hundred; altogether a total of nearly three thousand veterans from thirty-three states called the camp home. For the next half century, Robinson House, renamed Fleming Hall during the soldiers' home era, served as the compound's administration building and war museum. After the camp's closing, the Commonwealth granted use of the building to the Virginia Institute for Scientific Research in the 1950s and to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts from 1964 to the present.","The green space in the central grounds of today's VMFA property was once the commons of the Confederate soldiers' home. Around the oak-filled park stood the administration building, barracks, dining hall, hospital, recreation hall, steam plant, and assorted outbuildings. The superintendent's house, nine residential cottages, and a chapel formed an arc to the west. With the exception of Robinson House and the Confederate Memorial Chapel, the structures were demolished or moved in the early 1940s. From the camp's earliest years, the Commonwealth of Virginia helped fund the institution. In 1892, Lee Camp No. 1 agreed that the property would revert to the Commonwealth in twenty-two years. A later agreement extended that transition to the time when the original purpose of the home was no longer needed. When the last resident died in 1941, the Commonwealth gained ownership of the site. By that time, it had been designated as the Confederate Memorial Park.","Dedicated in 1887 to the Confederate war dead, the nondenominational Confederate Memorial Chapel (also referred to as the Pelham Chapel) served as a place of worship for the residents of R. E. Lee Camp, No. 1. Funded by donations from veterans and private citizens of the Commonwealth, it was designed by architect Marion J. Dimmock in the Carpenter-Gothic style. In the postwar era of reconciliation, Union veterans from Lynn, Massachusetts, donated the organ. By the time the camp closed fifty-four years later, the chapel had hosted approximately 1,700 funeral services for the former soldiers. ","The monumental limestone building to the west of the present museum grounds was built in 1932 as a residence for destitute female relatives of Confederate veterans. After relocating the final inhabitants of the Home for Needy Confederate Women to a nursing facility in 1989, the Commonwealth set aside the property for use by the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. ","Source:  History of the VMFA Grounds","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1","American--1"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was created by the VMFA Archives in 2017 to bring together primary sources about the camp. The register and reunion ribbons were purchased by VMFA Library in November 2014 and July 2015. The postcards were donated by Elizabeth O'Leary in June 2015. The other materials were relocated from vertical files in the VMFA Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["The collection was created by the VMFA Archives in 2017 to bring together primary sources about the camp. The register and reunion ribbons were purchased by VMFA Library in November 2014 and July 2015. The postcards were donated by Elizabeth O'Leary in June 2015. The other materials were relocated from vertical files in the VMFA Library."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright Dementi Studio\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRegistration ledger signature book for visitors to the Soldiers' Home. Commercially printed borders with advertising from Richmond area businesses. Includes a page signed by ten members of the Blackfeet Nation, including four Chiefs, with their pictograph inscriptions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General","General"],"odd_tesim":["Copyright Dementi Studio","Registration ledger signature book for visitors to the Soldiers' Home. Commercially printed borders with advertising from Richmond area businesses. Includes a page signed by ten members of the Blackfeet Nation, including four Chiefs, with their pictograph inscriptions."],"originalsloc_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis item was removed on January 22, 2019 to be placed on exhibition in the Robinson House. The register was returned to the Archives on March 4, 2021 and a reproduction of the register is now on display in the exhibition.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis item was removed by Objects Conservator Ainslie Harrison on January 9, 2019 to be placed on exhibition in the Robinson House. The ribbon was returned to the Archives on November 22, 2019.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis item was removed by Objects Conservator Ainslie Harrison on January 9, 2019 to be placed on exhibition in the Robinson House. The ribbon was returned to the Archives on November 22, 2019.\u003c/p\u003e"],"originalsloc_heading_ssm":["Exhibition History","Exhibition History","Exhibition History"],"originalsloc_tesim":["This item was removed on January 22, 2019 to be placed on exhibition in the Robinson House. The register was returned to the Archives on March 4, 2021 and a reproduction of the register is now on display in the exhibition.","This item was removed by Objects Conservator Ainslie Harrison on January 9, 2019 to be placed on exhibition in the Robinson House. The ribbon was returned to the Archives on November 22, 2019.","This item was removed by Objects Conservator Ainslie Harrison on January 9, 2019 to be placed on exhibition in the Robinson House. The ribbon was returned to the Archives on November 22, 2019."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eR.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection's inclusive dates are 1885-1958, with the bulk of the material dating from 1885-1937. The collection is comprised of photographs, postcards, reunion ribbons, press clippings, and a guest register.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection's inclusive dates are 1885-1958, with the bulk of the material dating from 1885-1937. The collection is comprised of photographs, postcards, reunion ribbons, press clippings, and a guest register."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is subject to all copyright laws. Digitized content is licensed for use under a \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/\"\u003eCreative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License\u003c/a\u003e. Transmission or reproduction of other materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNo Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNo Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNo Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright Undetermined: https://rightsstatements.org/page/UND/1.0/?language=en\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright Undetermined: https://rightsstatements.org/page/UND/1.0/?language=en\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNo Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNo Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNo Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNo Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Digitized content is licensed for use under a  Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License . Transmission or reproduction of other materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders. ","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","Copyright Undetermined: https://rightsstatements.org/page/UND/1.0/?language=en","Copyright Undetermined: https://rightsstatements.org/page/UND/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a6623866126b47f49ad39b36f5e720fa\"\u003eThe collection documents the history of R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans, a large residential complex for poor and infirm Confederate veterans of the Civil War. Altogether a total of nearly three thousand veterans from thirty-three states called the camp home, and after the camp's closing, the Commonwealth eventually granted use of the buildings and land to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. The collection is comprised of photographs and postcards that document the changing landscape of the camp over 50 years, a rare guest register that includes thousands of guest signatures and a page signed by ten members of the Blackfeet Nation, and two extremely rare artifacts – reunion ribbons – provide material testimony to the reconciliation efforts of Confederate and Union veterans only twenty years after they faced each other as enemies during the Civil War.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection documents the history of R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans, a large residential complex for poor and infirm Confederate veterans of the Civil War. Altogether a total of nearly three thousand veterans from thirty-three states called the camp home, and after the camp's closing, the Commonwealth eventually granted use of the buildings and land to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. The collection is comprised of photographs and postcards that document the changing landscape of the camp over 50 years, a rare guest register that includes thousands of guest signatures and a page signed by ten members of the Blackfeet Nation, and two extremely rare artifacts – reunion ribbons – provide material testimony to the reconciliation efforts of Confederate and Union veterans only twenty years after they faced each other as enemies during the Civil War."],"names_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Dementi Studio","Baltimore sun","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Capitol News Agency","Hugh C. Leighton Company","Louis Kaufmann and Sons","Southern Bargain House","Frank Leslie's illustrated newspaper","Sons of Confederate Veterans (Organization). R.E. Lee Camp No. 1 (Richmond, Va.)","Grand Army of the Republic. Seward Post No. 37 (Auburn, N.Y.)","Leslie, Frank, 1821-1880"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Dementi Studio","Baltimore sun","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Capitol News Agency","Hugh C. Leighton Company","Louis Kaufmann and Sons","Southern Bargain House","Frank Leslie's illustrated newspaper","Sons of Confederate Veterans (Organization). R.E. Lee Camp No. 1 (Richmond, Va.)","Grand Army of the Republic. Seward Post No. 37 (Auburn, N.Y.)"],"persname_ssim":["Leslie, Frank, 1821-1880"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":18,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T03:41:41.760Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_2_c02"}},{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_198_c02","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Series 2: Published Materials","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_198_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_198_c02","ref_ssm":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_198_c02"],"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_198_c02","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_198","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_198","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_198","parent_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_198","parent_ssim":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_198"],"parent_ids_ssim":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_198"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31)"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31)"],"text":["John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31)","Series 2: Published Materials","St. Louis star","Washington post (Washington, D.C. : 1974)","Crane, Frank, 1861-1928","Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏"],"title_filing_ssi":"Series 2: Published Materials","title_ssm":["Series 2: Published Materials"],"title_tesim":["Series 2: Published Materials"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1881-1926, undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1881/1926"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Series 2: Published Materials"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"collection_ssim":["John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31)"],"extent_ssm":["11 items 3 folders"],"extent_tesim":["11 items 3 folders"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":3,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":50,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research. The digital collection can be accessed through the VMFA Collections Search website."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"date_range_isim":[1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926],"names_ssim":["St. Louis star","Washington post (Washington, D.C. : 1974)","Crane, Frank, 1861-1928","Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏"],"corpname_ssim":["St. Louis star","Washington post (Washington, D.C. : 1974)","St. Louis star","Washington post (Washington, D.C. : 1974)","St. Louis star","Washington post (Washington, D.C. : 1974)","St. Louis star","Washington post (Washington, D.C. : 1974)"],"persname_ssim":["Crane, Frank, 1861-1928","Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏","Crane, Frank, 1861-1928","Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏","Crane, Frank, 1861-1928","Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏","Crane, Frank, 1861-1928","Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏","Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏","Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏","Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1","timestamp":"2026-05-21T03:43:00.006Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_198","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_198","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_198","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_198","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMFA/repositories_2_resources_198.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.vmfa.museum/repositories/2/resources/198","title_filing_ssi":"Payne, John Barton (SC-31)","title_ssm":["John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31)"],"title_tesim":["John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1881-1938, undated"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1881-1938, undated"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC-31","/repositories/2/resources/198"],"text":["SC-31","/repositories/2/resources/198","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31)","Yellowstone National Park (Agency : U.S.)","Washburn, Mount (Wyo.)","Seattle (Wash.)","Washington (D.C.)","St. Louis (Mo.)","Chicago (Ill.)","Richmond (Va.)","New York (N.Y.)","Charlottesville (Va.)","York Harbor (Me.)","Alaskan Engineering Commission","The collection is open for research. The digital collection can be accessed through the  VMFA Collections Search website .","The collection is organized into five series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.","Series 1 Correspondence, 1904-1938, undated Series 2 Published Materials, 1881-1926, undated Series 3 Travel Documents, 1919 Series 4 Photographic Materials, 1920, undated Series 5 Financial Documents, 1934-1935","John Barton Payne : Patron of the Arts, 1994","Catalogue of the Judge John Barton Payne Sale: Rare and Valuable Household Adornments, Important Paintings, Diamond and Other Jewelry, Antique Silver, etc. at Public Auction, 1935","Memorial Number to John Barton Payne, 1935","An Address at the Unveiling of the Bust of Woodrow Wilson: Hall of the House of Delegates, State Capitol, Richmond, Virginia, 1931","The John Barton Payne Collection of Paintings, 1926","Catalogue of the Paintings in the John Barton Payne Collection: Given in Memory of his Wife and Mother to the Commonwealth of Virginia, 1921","Exhibition file : John Barton Payne Collection of Paintings and Prints, Mar. 6-Apr. 25, 1936","Donors: Payne, John Barton","History: Early History of Museum: John Barton Payne and John Garland Pollard Correspondence about Planning the Museum (2 folders)","History: Early History of Museum: John Barton Payne","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Director's Correspondence, 1936-1976 (Accession 33863)","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Exhibition Files, 1936-1992 (Accession 31633)","Virginia. Governor (1930-1934 : Pollard), Executive Papers, 1930-1934 (Accession 23344a)"," Virginia. Governor (1934-1938 : Peery), Executive Papers, 1934-1938 (Accession 23344b)","John Barton Payne Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary (01/Mss. 39.1 P29)","Records of the American National Red Cross, 1881-2008, National Archives and Records Administration (5896716)","On January 16, 1936, the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts opened its doors for the first time. The occasion marked the culmination of more than sixteen years of effort that began in December 1919 with a gift of 51 artworks from Judge John Barton Payne. In spite of the Great Depression, Virginia Governor John Garland Pollard secured the support to meet Payne's $100,000 challenge grant, and the two men established the first state-run art museum in the United States.","Payne was born in Pruntytown, Virginia, in 1855, where his father, Dr. Amos Payne, had taken his family to establish a medical practice. In 1860, the family returned to the Payne homestead – a farm in Fauquier County, Virginia – and it was here that Payne spent his formative years. Payne taught himself law by reading each volume, one by one, of Blackstone's Commentaries and began his career as a lawyer in 1876, at age 21, when he was admitted to the Bar. In 1883, having completed his mayoral tenure in Kingwood, West Virginia, he moved to Chicago and attained considerable influence as a lawyer, judge, and philanthropist. He also started collecting art. Payne was engaged with the preeminent Art Institute of Chicago on a number of different levels, and it likely framed his idea of what an art museum should be – an educational and collecting institution for the benefit of the public.","By 1914, with the outbreak of World War I, Payne was appointed to the U.S. Treasury Board of Appeals, serving as general counsel for both the Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation and the United States Railroad Administration. His principal role was as an arbitrator – a peace-keeper – during Wilson's and subsequent administrations. When World War I ended in 1918, Payne spent the next year helping to negotiate the nuances and politics of peace as the recently appointed Secretary of the Interior. He resigned his position in 1921 so that he could serve as chairman of the American Red Cross. Payne served at the helm of the Red Cross under four administrations, and until the end of his life.","In December of 1919, following the death of his second wife, Jennie Byrd Bryan Payne – who was an artist in her own right – and in honor of his mother, Elizabeth Barton Smith, Payne wrote to Virginia Governor Westmoreland Davis offering his collection of paintings to \"his mother,\" the Commonwealth of Virginia. The offer was passed by the Virginia legislature on February 20, 1920. To realize his vision, in 1932, Payne offered the Commonwealth a matching grant of $100,000 to construct an art museum. Incredibly, despite the Depression, Governor Pollard was able to match the grant. Construction took place between 1934 and 1936, and Payne and Pollard served consecutively as the institution's first and second presidents. But it was Payne's vision that established the museum's mission and set the course for the next century: a public-private partnership—the first state-run art museum in the United States; a collection based entirely of private philanthropy; and a community of people from every walk of life.","Payne died in 1935, a year before the museum opened from pneumonia contracted following an appendicitis attack and he was buried at Oak Hill Cemetery in Washington, D.C.","Text by Dr. Susan J. Rawles, Associate Curator of American Painting and Decorative Art","The collection was transferred from the Collections Department in 2018. The archives received a donation from John Payne, a descendant of John Barton Payne, on September 30, 2022. The donation was added to the collection in 2023.","The collection's inclusive dates are 1881-1938, with the bulk of the material dating from 1904-1932. The digital collection is comprised of correspondence, lyrics, newspaper clippings, photographs, and travel documents.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series includes Payne's United States Railroad Administration rail pass (\"Number 6\") from 1919.","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains financial documents pertaining to John Barton Payne's estate.","Series level description: This series contains financial documents pertaining to John Barton Payne's estate.","The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/?language=en","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","In Copyright: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","The collection documents parts of John Barton Payne's varied professional career. It contains correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson and federal agencies including the White House, Senate, House of Representatives, and Postmaster General, as well letters from Payne's former employer, invitations, letters of thanks, and requests from private entities. The collection also contains photographs from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park, but also a photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC).","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","St. Louis star","Washington post (Washington, D.C. : 1974)","United States. Federal Railroad Administration","Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏","Wilson, Woodrow, 1856-1924","Wilson, Edith Bolling Galt, 1872-1961","Daniels, Josephus, 1862-1948","McAdoo, W. G. (William Gibbs), 1863-1941","Alderman, Edwin Anderson, 1861-1931","Pollard, John Garland, 1871-1937","Baker, Newton Diehl, 1871-1937","Fall, Albert B. (Albert Bacon), 1861-1944","Crane, Frank, 1861-1928","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["SC-31","/repositories/2/resources/198"],"normalized_title_ssm":["John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31)"],"collection_title_tesim":["John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31)"],"collection_ssim":["John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31)"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"geogname_ssm":["Yellowstone National Park (Agency : U.S.)","Washburn, Mount (Wyo.)","Seattle (Wash.)","Washington (D.C.)","St. Louis (Mo.)","Chicago (Ill.)","Richmond (Va.)","New York (N.Y.)","Charlottesville (Va.)","York Harbor (Me.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Yellowstone National Park (Agency : U.S.)","Washburn, Mount (Wyo.)","Seattle (Wash.)","Washington (D.C.)","St. Louis (Mo.)","Chicago (Ill.)","Richmond (Va.)","New York (N.Y.)","Charlottesville (Va.)","York Harbor (Me.)"],"creator_ssm":["Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏","Wilson, Woodrow, 1856-1924","Wilson, Edith Bolling Galt, 1872-1961","Daniels, Josephus, 1862-1948","McAdoo, W. G. (William Gibbs), 1863-1941","Alderman, Edwin Anderson, 1861-1931"],"creator_ssim":["Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏","Wilson, Woodrow, 1856-1924","Wilson, Edith Bolling Galt, 1872-1961","Daniels, Josephus, 1862-1948","McAdoo, W. G. (William Gibbs), 1863-1941","Alderman, Edwin Anderson, 1861-1931"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏","Wilson, Woodrow, 1856-1924","Wilson, Edith Bolling Galt, 1872-1961","Daniels, Josephus, 1862-1948","McAdoo, W. G. (William Gibbs), 1863-1941","Alderman, Edwin Anderson, 1861-1931"],"creators_ssim":["Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏","Wilson, Woodrow, 1856-1924","Wilson, Edith Bolling Galt, 1872-1961","Daniels, Josephus, 1862-1948","McAdoo, W. G. (William Gibbs), 1863-1941","Alderman, Edwin Anderson, 1861-1931"],"places_ssim":["Yellowstone National Park (Agency : U.S.)","Washburn, Mount (Wyo.)","Seattle (Wash.)","Washington (D.C.)","St. Louis (Mo.)","Chicago (Ill.)","Richmond (Va.)","New York (N.Y.)","Charlottesville (Va.)","York Harbor (Me.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Alaskan Engineering Commission"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Alaskan Engineering Commission"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.4 Linear Feet 1 box; 10 folders; 73 items"],"extent_tesim":["0.4 Linear Feet 1 box; 10 folders; 73 items"],"date_range_isim":[1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research. The digital collection can be accessed through the \u003ca href=\"https://www.vmfa.museum/wp-subsite/archives/john-barton-payne-personal-papers-sc-31/\"\u003eVMFA Collections Search website\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research. The digital collection can be accessed through the  VMFA Collections Search website ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into five series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 1\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eCorrespondence, 1904-1938, undated\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 2\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003ePublished Materials, 1881-1926, undated\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 3\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eTravel Documents, 1919\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 4\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003ePhotographic Materials, 1920, undated\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 5\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eFinancial Documents, 1934-1935\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into five series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.","Series 1 Correspondence, 1904-1938, undated Series 2 Published Materials, 1881-1926, undated Series 3 Travel Documents, 1919 Series 4 Photographic Materials, 1920, undated Series 5 Financial Documents, 1934-1935"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eJohn Barton Payne : Patron of the Arts, 1994\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eCatalogue of the Judge John Barton Payne Sale: Rare and Valuable Household Adornments, Important Paintings, Diamond and Other Jewelry, Antique Silver, etc. at Public Auction, 1935\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eMemorial Number to John Barton Payne, 1935\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eAn Address at the Unveiling of the Bust of Woodrow Wilson: Hall of the House of Delegates, State Capitol, Richmond, Virginia, 1931\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eThe John Barton Payne Collection of Paintings, 1926\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eCatalogue of the Paintings in the John Barton Payne Collection: Given in Memory of his Wife and Mother to the Commonwealth of Virginia, 1921\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eExhibition file : John Barton Payne Collection of Paintings and Prints, Mar. 6-Apr. 25, 1936\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eDonors: Payne, John Barton\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eHistory: Early History of Museum: John Barton Payne and John Garland Pollard Correspondence about Planning the Museum (2 folders)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eHistory: Early History of Museum: John Barton Payne\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eVirginia Museum of Fine Arts Director's Correspondence, 1936-1976 (Accession 33863)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eVirginia Museum of Fine Arts Exhibition Files, 1936-1992 (Accession 31633)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eVirginia. Governor (1930-1934 : Pollard), Executive Papers, 1930-1934 (Accession 23344a)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e Virginia. Governor (1934-1938 : Peery), Executive Papers, 1934-1938 (Accession 23344b)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eJohn Barton Payne Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary (01/Mss. 39.1 P29)\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eRecords of the American National Red Cross, 1881-2008, National Archives and Records Administration (5896716)\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Related Materials - VMFA Library: Books","Related Materials - VMFA Library: Exhibition Files","Related Materials - VMFA Library: Subject Files","Related Materials - Library of Virginia","Related Materials - Other Institutions"],"bibliography_tesim":["John Barton Payne : Patron of the Arts, 1994","Catalogue of the Judge John Barton Payne Sale: Rare and Valuable Household Adornments, Important Paintings, Diamond and Other Jewelry, Antique Silver, etc. at Public Auction, 1935","Memorial Number to John Barton Payne, 1935","An Address at the Unveiling of the Bust of Woodrow Wilson: Hall of the House of Delegates, State Capitol, Richmond, Virginia, 1931","The John Barton Payne Collection of Paintings, 1926","Catalogue of the Paintings in the John Barton Payne Collection: Given in Memory of his Wife and Mother to the Commonwealth of Virginia, 1921","Exhibition file : John Barton Payne Collection of Paintings and Prints, Mar. 6-Apr. 25, 1936","Donors: Payne, John Barton","History: Early History of Museum: John Barton Payne and John Garland Pollard Correspondence about Planning the Museum (2 folders)","History: Early History of Museum: John Barton Payne","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Director's Correspondence, 1936-1976 (Accession 33863)","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Exhibition Files, 1936-1992 (Accession 31633)","Virginia. Governor (1930-1934 : Pollard), Executive Papers, 1930-1934 (Accession 23344a)"," Virginia. Governor (1934-1938 : Peery), Executive Papers, 1934-1938 (Accession 23344b)","John Barton Payne Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary (01/Mss. 39.1 P29)","Records of the American National Red Cross, 1881-2008, National Archives and Records Administration (5896716)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOn January 16, 1936, the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts opened its doors for the first time. The occasion marked the culmination of more than sixteen years of effort that began in December 1919 with a gift of 51 artworks from Judge John Barton Payne. In spite of the Great Depression, Virginia Governor John Garland Pollard secured the support to meet Payne's $100,000 challenge grant, and the two men established the first state-run art museum in the United States.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePayne was born in Pruntytown, Virginia, in 1855, where his father, Dr. Amos Payne, had taken his family to establish a medical practice. In 1860, the family returned to the Payne homestead – a farm in Fauquier County, Virginia – and it was here that Payne spent his formative years. Payne taught himself law by reading each volume, one by one, of Blackstone's Commentaries and began his career as a lawyer in 1876, at age 21, when he was admitted to the Bar. In 1883, having completed his mayoral tenure in Kingwood, West Virginia, he moved to Chicago and attained considerable influence as a lawyer, judge, and philanthropist. He also started collecting art. Payne was engaged with the preeminent Art Institute of Chicago on a number of different levels, and it likely framed his idea of what an art museum should be – an educational and collecting institution for the benefit of the public.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBy 1914, with the outbreak of World War I, Payne was appointed to the U.S. Treasury Board of Appeals, serving as general counsel for both the Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation and the United States Railroad Administration. His principal role was as an arbitrator – a peace-keeper – during Wilson's and subsequent administrations. When World War I ended in 1918, Payne spent the next year helping to negotiate the nuances and politics of peace as the recently appointed Secretary of the Interior. He resigned his position in 1921 so that he could serve as chairman of the American Red Cross. Payne served at the helm of the Red Cross under four administrations, and until the end of his life.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn December of 1919, following the death of his second wife, Jennie Byrd Bryan Payne – who was an artist in her own right – and in honor of his mother, Elizabeth Barton Smith, Payne wrote to Virginia Governor Westmoreland Davis offering his collection of paintings to \"his mother,\" the Commonwealth of Virginia. The offer was passed by the Virginia legislature on February 20, 1920. To realize his vision, in 1932, Payne offered the Commonwealth a matching grant of $100,000 to construct an art museum. Incredibly, despite the Depression, Governor Pollard was able to match the grant. Construction took place between 1934 and 1936, and Payne and Pollard served consecutively as the institution's first and second presidents. But it was Payne's vision that established the museum's mission and set the course for the next century: a public-private partnership—the first state-run art museum in the United States; a collection based entirely of private philanthropy; and a community of people from every walk of life.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePayne died in 1935, a year before the museum opened from pneumonia contracted following an appendicitis attack and he was buried at Oak Hill Cemetery in Washington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eText by Dr. Susan J. Rawles, Associate Curator of American Painting and Decorative Art\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["On January 16, 1936, the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts opened its doors for the first time. The occasion marked the culmination of more than sixteen years of effort that began in December 1919 with a gift of 51 artworks from Judge John Barton Payne. In spite of the Great Depression, Virginia Governor John Garland Pollard secured the support to meet Payne's $100,000 challenge grant, and the two men established the first state-run art museum in the United States.","Payne was born in Pruntytown, Virginia, in 1855, where his father, Dr. Amos Payne, had taken his family to establish a medical practice. In 1860, the family returned to the Payne homestead – a farm in Fauquier County, Virginia – and it was here that Payne spent his formative years. Payne taught himself law by reading each volume, one by one, of Blackstone's Commentaries and began his career as a lawyer in 1876, at age 21, when he was admitted to the Bar. In 1883, having completed his mayoral tenure in Kingwood, West Virginia, he moved to Chicago and attained considerable influence as a lawyer, judge, and philanthropist. He also started collecting art. Payne was engaged with the preeminent Art Institute of Chicago on a number of different levels, and it likely framed his idea of what an art museum should be – an educational and collecting institution for the benefit of the public.","By 1914, with the outbreak of World War I, Payne was appointed to the U.S. Treasury Board of Appeals, serving as general counsel for both the Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation and the United States Railroad Administration. His principal role was as an arbitrator – a peace-keeper – during Wilson's and subsequent administrations. When World War I ended in 1918, Payne spent the next year helping to negotiate the nuances and politics of peace as the recently appointed Secretary of the Interior. He resigned his position in 1921 so that he could serve as chairman of the American Red Cross. Payne served at the helm of the Red Cross under four administrations, and until the end of his life.","In December of 1919, following the death of his second wife, Jennie Byrd Bryan Payne – who was an artist in her own right – and in honor of his mother, Elizabeth Barton Smith, Payne wrote to Virginia Governor Westmoreland Davis offering his collection of paintings to \"his mother,\" the Commonwealth of Virginia. The offer was passed by the Virginia legislature on February 20, 1920. To realize his vision, in 1932, Payne offered the Commonwealth a matching grant of $100,000 to construct an art museum. Incredibly, despite the Depression, Governor Pollard was able to match the grant. Construction took place between 1934 and 1936, and Payne and Pollard served consecutively as the institution's first and second presidents. But it was Payne's vision that established the museum's mission and set the course for the next century: a public-private partnership—the first state-run art museum in the United States; a collection based entirely of private philanthropy; and a community of people from every walk of life.","Payne died in 1935, a year before the museum opened from pneumonia contracted following an appendicitis attack and he was buried at Oak Hill Cemetery in Washington, D.C.","Text by Dr. Susan J. Rawles, Associate Curator of American Painting and Decorative Art"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was transferred from the Collections Department in 2018. The archives received a donation from John Payne, a descendant of John Barton Payne, on September 30, 2022. The donation was added to the collection in 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["The collection was transferred from the Collections Department in 2018. The archives received a donation from John Payne, a descendant of John Barton Payne, on September 30, 2022. The donation was added to the collection in 2023."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). 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VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.","John Barton Payne Personal Papers (SC-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection's inclusive dates are 1881-1938, with the bulk of the material dating from 1904-1932. The digital collection is comprised of correspondence, lyrics, newspaper clippings, photographs, and travel documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series includes Payne's United States Railroad Administration rail pass (\"Number 6\") from 1919.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains financial documents pertaining to John Barton Payne's estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries level description: This series contains financial documents pertaining to John Barton Payne's estate.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection's inclusive dates are 1881-1938, with the bulk of the material dating from 1904-1932. The digital collection is comprised of correspondence, lyrics, newspaper clippings, photographs, and travel documents.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series contains Payne's professional correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson, invitations, and one Christmas Card. The majority of the correspondence is from Federal Agencies including: The White House, United States Senate, The House of Representatives, and The Post Master General. Correspondence also includes letters from Payne's former employer, as well as letters of thanks, and requests from private entities.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series consists of copies of etchings, newspaper clippings, a poem, and song lyrics.","Series level description: This series includes Payne's United States Railroad Administration rail pass (\"Number 6\") from 1919.","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains prints from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park. This series also includes Payne's photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC). Most of the photographs in the album are attributed to \"HGK.\"","Series level description: This series contains financial documents pertaining to John Barton Payne's estate.","Series level description: This series contains financial documents pertaining to John Barton Payne's estate."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is subject to all copyright laws. 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It contains correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson and federal agencies including the White House, Senate, House of Representatives, and Postmaster General, as well letters from Payne's former employer, invitations, letters of thanks, and requests from private entities. The collection also contains photographs from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park, but also a photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC).\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection documents parts of John Barton Payne's varied professional career. It contains correspondence, including letters from President Woodrow Wilson and federal agencies including the White House, Senate, House of Representatives, and Postmaster General, as well letters from Payne's former employer, invitations, letters of thanks, and requests from private entities. The collection also contains photographs from trips that Payne took during his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, most of which were taken at Mt. Washburn in Yellowstone National Park, but also a photo album from a trip to Alaska as part of the Alaskan Engineering Commission (AEC)."],"names_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","St. Louis star","Washington post (Washington, D.C. : 1974)","United States. Federal Railroad Administration","Payne, John Barton, 1855-1935‏","Wilson, Woodrow, 1856-1924","Wilson, Edith Bolling Galt, 1872-1961","Daniels, Josephus, 1862-1948","McAdoo, W. G. 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