{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1886\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University\u0026page=17","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1886\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University\u0026page=16","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1886\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University\u0026page=18","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1886\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University\u0026page=23"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":17,"next_page":18,"prev_page":16,"total_pages":23,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":160,"total_count":223,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c05","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Series V: Legal Practices, 1877/1924","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c05#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eIncludes a certification to practice law in Virginia, correspondence and other papers related to Hughes' legal practice from 1877 to 1924.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c05#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c05","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c05"],"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c05","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","parent_ssim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_67"],"title_filing_ssi":"Series V: Legal Practices","title_ssm":["Series V: Legal Practices"],"title_tesim":["Series V: Legal Practices"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Series V: Legal Practices, 1877/1924"],"text":["Series V: Legal Practices, 1877/1924","Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950","Includes a certification to practice law in Virginia, correspondence and other papers related to Hughes' legal practice from 1877 to 1924."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1877/1924"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1877-1924"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":112,"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":2,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIncludes a certification to practice law in Virginia, correspondence and other papers related to Hughes' legal practice from 1877 to 1924.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Includes a certification to practice law in Virginia, correspondence and other papers related to Hughes' legal practice from 1877 to 1924."],"_nest_path_":"/components#4","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:36.932Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_67.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/67","title_filing_ssi":"Hughes, Robert Morton","title_ssm":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers"],"title_tesim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1754-1950, undated","Date acquired: 05/19/1976"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1754-1950, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 05/19/1976"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1754/1950"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"text":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950","MG 7","/repositories/5/resources/67","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Lawyers--Virginia--Norfolk","Confederate States of America. Army","Open to researchers without restrictions.","Additional accessions made in 1980 and 1983.","The Hughes collection is divided into 14 series: Series I: Personal Correspondence; Series II: Financial Records; Series III: Speeches; Series IV: Writings; Series V: Legal Practice; Series VI: Politics; Series VII: Education; Series VIII: Memorabilia; Series IX: Photographs; Series X: Family Papers; Series XI: Historical Studies; Series XII: Index Cards; Series XIII: Miscellaneous; and Series XIV: Oversized Materials.","Robert Morton Hughes was born on September 10, 1855, in the house of his mother's adoptive parents, Gov. John B. Floyd and Sally Preston Floyd at Abingdon in southwestern Virginia. Through his parents, Robert W. Hughes and Eliza Johnston Hughes, he was related to many of Western Virginia's prominent families, including the Prestons, Johnstons, Mortons, and Floyds. Hughes lived in Washington, D.C. and Richmond while still a child but spent most of his early life in Abingdon. He was educated there, largely by private tutors.\nHughes entered the College of William and Mary in 1870 at the age of 15 and graduated with an A. B. degree in 1873. His association with William and Mary would continue throughout his adult life. Hughes served on the college's Board of Visitors from 1893 to 1918 and was rector from 1905 to 1918. He was also an active fundraiser for the college and was instrumental in the establishment of its Marshall-Wythe School of Government and Citizenship. In 1920 his grateful alma mater awarded him an honorary doctor of laws degree while in 1959 the library of the Norfolk branch of William and Mary (now Old Dominion University) was named in his memory.\nHughes also attended the University of Virginia where he studied law and earned a M.A. degree in 1877. After being admitted to the bar this same year, Hughes set up practice in Norfolk, Virginia, where he would continue to work until his retirement in 1920. His specialty was admiralty law. Hughes was elected president of the Virginia Bar Association in 1895 and of the Norfolk and Portsmouth Bar Association in 1907. In 1926 he was appointed by the Governor to a special commission created to suggest revisions to the Virginia constitution.\nHughes was a lifelong Republican, following the lead of his father who had been one of the first prominent Virginians to turn Republican during the Reconstruction period. This affiliation would not prove very rewarding for him. An unsuccessful Republican candidate for congress in 1902 and 1904, Hughes also failed in several attempts to be appointed to federal judgeships, beginning in 1897 when he sought to succeed his father as a judge in the district court at Norfolk, Hughes was a staunch conservative and the last years of his life found him ardently opposing the New Deal in general and Roosevelt's attacks on the Supreme Court in particular.\nWhile Hughes never held elective office he served his community in many other ways. Besides his long tenure on the Board of Visitors of William and Mary, he sat on the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library from 1912 to 1938--he was president after 1921--and was a member of the State Board of Education from 1930 until 1935 when he resigned because of failing health. Hughes was also an active member of Christ Church (Episcopal) in Norfolk where he served as a vestryman from 1884 to 1928.\nHughes' major avocation, especially in later life, was that of amateur historian. His main interest was Virginia history and, within this field, the roles played by members of his own family. He felt particularly duty bound to defend the reputations of two close relatives: Gov. John B. Floyd (1806-1863), his adoptive maternal grandfather, and Gen. Joseph E. Johnston (1807-1891), U.S.A., C.S.A., his maternal great uncle. Johnston had in fact asked Hughes to write his official biography, a work which was published by Appleton in 1893. As a result of his commitment Hughes expended much time and energy writing articles and letters refuting \"incorrect\" statements by various authors which had directly or indirectly denigrated the careers or questioned the integrity of either man.\nRobert Morton Hughes died on January 15, 1940. He was survived by his wife - Mattie L. Smith Hughes, a son - Robert M. Hughes, Jr., and two grandchildren -Robert M. Hughes III and Carolyn Wright Hughes. A second son, Sydney Smith Hughes, had died in 1923.","Note written by Janice Halecki","Other papers related to Robert Morton Hughes can also be found in the Earl Gregg Swem Library at William \u0026 Mary (Mss. 65 H88 and UA 5.013).","The Hughes Papers are divided into three major sections. The first section contains Hughes' personal and political correspondence, speeches, literary efforts, small amounts of material related to his legal practice and to his involvement in Virginia political affairs (included is his participation in the Constitutional Commission of 1926-1927), and considerable material about his activities in support of education. Of particular note in this last area are his longtime association with the College of William and Mary (1870-1940) and his service on the State Board of Education (1930-1935).\nThe second section consists of correspondence and other papers originally belonging to certain of Hughes' relatives. Some of the correspondence goes back to the late 18th century. The major figures are Hughes' father Judge R. W. Hughes (d. 1901). his mother Eliza Johnston Hughes (d. 1908), his adoptive maternal grandfather John B. Floyd, (1806-1863) and his maternal great uncle Joseph E. Johnston, (1807-1891). Judge Hughes was one of the first prominent Virginian's to turn Republican in the post-Civil War Period; Floyd was Governor of Virginia (1849-1852), Secretary of War under Buchanan (1857-1860), and a general in the Confederate army (1861-1863); Johnston was a general in both the U.S. and Confederate armies (1860-1865). Among Hughes' papers are a number of incomplete drafts of Johnston's published war memoirs.\nThe third section consists of correspondence and other material related to Hughes' extensive activity as an amateur historian. The central topics are the careers of Gen. Johnston and Governor Floyd and after that Virginia and southern history in general.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Contains personal and political correspondence regarding his legal practice, involvement in Virginia politics and his activities in support of education. Had longtime association with the College of William and Mary, served on the State Board of Education and the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library. Significant aspect of this collection is the papers of his family, Governor John B. Floyd, General Joseph E. Johnston, and Judge Robert W. Hughes, important public figures before, during, and after the Civil War.","ODU Community Collections","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Virginia. State Board of Education","Hughes family","Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston) (1807-1891)","Floyd, John B. (John Buchanan) (1806-1863)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"collection_ssim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 7","/repositories/5/resources/67"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 7","/repositories/5/resources/67"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865"],"geogname_ssim":["United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865"],"places_ssim":["United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865"],"creator_ssm":["Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)"],"creator_ssim":["Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston) (1807-1891)","Floyd, John B. (John Buchanan) (1806-1863)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Virginia. State Board of Education"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Hughes family"],"creators_ssim":["Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston) (1807-1891)","Floyd, John B. (John Buchanan) (1806-1863)","ODU Community Collections","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Virginia. State Board of Education","Hughes family"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Hughes Family","Gift. Accession #A76-18"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Lawyers--Virginia--Norfolk","Confederate States of America. Army"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Lawyers--Virginia--Norfolk","Confederate States of America. Army"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["20.40 Linear Feet","29 Hollinger document cases, 4 oversize boxes, 1 oversize folder boxes"],"extent_tesim":["20.40 Linear Feet","29 Hollinger document cases, 4 oversize boxes, 1 oversize folder boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1976],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional accessions made in 1980 and 1983.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals and Additions"],"accruals_tesim":["Additional accessions made in 1980 and 1983."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Hughes collection is divided into 14 series: Series I: Personal Correspondence; Series II: Financial Records; Series III: Speeches; Series IV: Writings; Series V: Legal Practice; Series VI: Politics; Series VII: Education; Series VIII: Memorabilia; Series IX: Photographs; Series X: Family Papers; Series XI: Historical Studies; Series XII: Index Cards; Series XIII: Miscellaneous; and Series XIV: Oversized Materials.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Hughes collection is divided into 14 series: Series I: Personal Correspondence; Series II: Financial Records; Series III: Speeches; Series IV: Writings; Series V: Legal Practice; Series VI: Politics; Series VII: Education; Series VIII: Memorabilia; Series IX: Photographs; Series X: Family Papers; Series XI: Historical Studies; Series XII: Index Cards; Series XIII: Miscellaneous; and Series XIV: Oversized Materials."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobert Morton Hughes was born on September 10, 1855, in the house of his mother's adoptive parents, Gov. John B. Floyd and Sally Preston Floyd at Abingdon in southwestern Virginia. Through his parents, Robert W. Hughes and Eliza Johnston Hughes, he was related to many of Western Virginia's prominent families, including the Prestons, Johnstons, Mortons, and Floyds. Hughes lived in Washington, D.C. and Richmond while still a child but spent most of his early life in Abingdon. He was educated there, largely by private tutors.\nHughes entered the College of William and Mary in 1870 at the age of 15 and graduated with an A. B. degree in 1873. His association with William and Mary would continue throughout his adult life. Hughes served on the college's Board of Visitors from 1893 to 1918 and was rector from 1905 to 1918. He was also an active fundraiser for the college and was instrumental in the establishment of its Marshall-Wythe School of Government and Citizenship. In 1920 his grateful alma mater awarded him an honorary doctor of laws degree while in 1959 the library of the Norfolk branch of William and Mary (now Old Dominion University) was named in his memory.\nHughes also attended the University of Virginia where he studied law and earned a M.A. degree in 1877. After being admitted to the bar this same year, Hughes set up practice in Norfolk, Virginia, where he would continue to work until his retirement in 1920. His specialty was admiralty law. Hughes was elected president of the Virginia Bar Association in 1895 and of the Norfolk and Portsmouth Bar Association in 1907. In 1926 he was appointed by the Governor to a special commission created to suggest revisions to the Virginia constitution.\nHughes was a lifelong Republican, following the lead of his father who had been one of the first prominent Virginians to turn Republican during the Reconstruction period. This affiliation would not prove very rewarding for him. An unsuccessful Republican candidate for congress in 1902 and 1904, Hughes also failed in several attempts to be appointed to federal judgeships, beginning in 1897 when he sought to succeed his father as a judge in the district court at Norfolk, Hughes was a staunch conservative and the last years of his life found him ardently opposing the New Deal in general and Roosevelt's attacks on the Supreme Court in particular.\nWhile Hughes never held elective office he served his community in many other ways. Besides his long tenure on the Board of Visitors of William and Mary, he sat on the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library from 1912 to 1938--he was president after 1921--and was a member of the State Board of Education from 1930 until 1935 when he resigned because of failing health. Hughes was also an active member of Christ Church (Episcopal) in Norfolk where he served as a vestryman from 1884 to 1928.\nHughes' major avocation, especially in later life, was that of amateur historian. His main interest was Virginia history and, within this field, the roles played by members of his own family. He felt particularly duty bound to defend the reputations of two close relatives: Gov. John B. Floyd (1806-1863), his adoptive maternal grandfather, and Gen. Joseph E. Johnston (1807-1891), U.S.A., C.S.A., his maternal great uncle. Johnston had in fact asked Hughes to write his official biography, a work which was published by Appleton in 1893. As a result of his commitment Hughes expended much time and energy writing articles and letters refuting \"incorrect\" statements by various authors which had directly or indirectly denigrated the careers or questioned the integrity of either man.\nRobert Morton Hughes died on January 15, 1940. He was survived by his wife - Mattie L. Smith Hughes, a son - Robert M. Hughes, Jr., and two grandchildren -Robert M. Hughes III and Carolyn Wright Hughes. A second son, Sydney Smith Hughes, had died in 1923.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Janice Halecki\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert Morton Hughes was born on September 10, 1855, in the house of his mother's adoptive parents, Gov. John B. Floyd and Sally Preston Floyd at Abingdon in southwestern Virginia. Through his parents, Robert W. Hughes and Eliza Johnston Hughes, he was related to many of Western Virginia's prominent families, including the Prestons, Johnstons, Mortons, and Floyds. Hughes lived in Washington, D.C. and Richmond while still a child but spent most of his early life in Abingdon. He was educated there, largely by private tutors.\nHughes entered the College of William and Mary in 1870 at the age of 15 and graduated with an A. B. degree in 1873. His association with William and Mary would continue throughout his adult life. Hughes served on the college's Board of Visitors from 1893 to 1918 and was rector from 1905 to 1918. He was also an active fundraiser for the college and was instrumental in the establishment of its Marshall-Wythe School of Government and Citizenship. In 1920 his grateful alma mater awarded him an honorary doctor of laws degree while in 1959 the library of the Norfolk branch of William and Mary (now Old Dominion University) was named in his memory.\nHughes also attended the University of Virginia where he studied law and earned a M.A. degree in 1877. After being admitted to the bar this same year, Hughes set up practice in Norfolk, Virginia, where he would continue to work until his retirement in 1920. His specialty was admiralty law. Hughes was elected president of the Virginia Bar Association in 1895 and of the Norfolk and Portsmouth Bar Association in 1907. In 1926 he was appointed by the Governor to a special commission created to suggest revisions to the Virginia constitution.\nHughes was a lifelong Republican, following the lead of his father who had been one of the first prominent Virginians to turn Republican during the Reconstruction period. This affiliation would not prove very rewarding for him. An unsuccessful Republican candidate for congress in 1902 and 1904, Hughes also failed in several attempts to be appointed to federal judgeships, beginning in 1897 when he sought to succeed his father as a judge in the district court at Norfolk, Hughes was a staunch conservative and the last years of his life found him ardently opposing the New Deal in general and Roosevelt's attacks on the Supreme Court in particular.\nWhile Hughes never held elective office he served his community in many other ways. Besides his long tenure on the Board of Visitors of William and Mary, he sat on the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library from 1912 to 1938--he was president after 1921--and was a member of the State Board of Education from 1930 until 1935 when he resigned because of failing health. Hughes was also an active member of Christ Church (Episcopal) in Norfolk where he served as a vestryman from 1884 to 1928.\nHughes' major avocation, especially in later life, was that of amateur historian. His main interest was Virginia history and, within this field, the roles played by members of his own family. He felt particularly duty bound to defend the reputations of two close relatives: Gov. John B. Floyd (1806-1863), his adoptive maternal grandfather, and Gen. Joseph E. Johnston (1807-1891), U.S.A., C.S.A., his maternal great uncle. Johnston had in fact asked Hughes to write his official biography, a work which was published by Appleton in 1893. As a result of his commitment Hughes expended much time and energy writing articles and letters refuting \"incorrect\" statements by various authors which had directly or indirectly denigrated the careers or questioned the integrity of either man.\nRobert Morton Hughes died on January 15, 1940. He was survived by his wife - Mattie L. Smith Hughes, a son - Robert M. Hughes, Jr., and two grandchildren -Robert M. Hughes III and Carolyn Wright Hughes. A second son, Sydney Smith Hughes, had died in 1923.","Note written by Janice Halecki"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Robert Morton Hughes Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Robert Morton Hughes Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOther papers related to Robert Morton Hughes can also be found in the Earl Gregg Swem Library at William \u0026amp; Mary (Mss. 65 H88 and UA 5.013).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Other papers related to Robert Morton Hughes can also be found in the Earl Gregg Swem Library at William \u0026 Mary (Mss. 65 H88 and UA 5.013)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Hughes Papers are divided into three major sections. The first section contains Hughes' personal and political correspondence, speeches, literary efforts, small amounts of material related to his legal practice and to his involvement in Virginia political affairs (included is his participation in the Constitutional Commission of 1926-1927), and considerable material about his activities in support of education. Of particular note in this last area are his longtime association with the College of William and Mary (1870-1940) and his service on the State Board of Education (1930-1935).\nThe second section consists of correspondence and other papers originally belonging to certain of Hughes' relatives. Some of the correspondence goes back to the late 18th century. The major figures are Hughes' father Judge R. W. Hughes (d. 1901). his mother Eliza Johnston Hughes (d. 1908), his adoptive maternal grandfather John B. Floyd, (1806-1863) and his maternal great uncle Joseph E. Johnston, (1807-1891). Judge Hughes was one of the first prominent Virginian's to turn Republican in the post-Civil War Period; Floyd was Governor of Virginia (1849-1852), Secretary of War under Buchanan (1857-1860), and a general in the Confederate army (1861-1863); Johnston was a general in both the U.S. and Confederate armies (1860-1865). Among Hughes' papers are a number of incomplete drafts of Johnston's published war memoirs.\nThe third section consists of correspondence and other material related to Hughes' extensive activity as an amateur historian. The central topics are the careers of Gen. Johnston and Governor Floyd and after that Virginia and southern history in general.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Hughes Papers are divided into three major sections. The first section contains Hughes' personal and political correspondence, speeches, literary efforts, small amounts of material related to his legal practice and to his involvement in Virginia political affairs (included is his participation in the Constitutional Commission of 1926-1927), and considerable material about his activities in support of education. Of particular note in this last area are his longtime association with the College of William and Mary (1870-1940) and his service on the State Board of Education (1930-1935).\nThe second section consists of correspondence and other papers originally belonging to certain of Hughes' relatives. Some of the correspondence goes back to the late 18th century. The major figures are Hughes' father Judge R. W. Hughes (d. 1901). his mother Eliza Johnston Hughes (d. 1908), his adoptive maternal grandfather John B. Floyd, (1806-1863) and his maternal great uncle Joseph E. Johnston, (1807-1891). Judge Hughes was one of the first prominent Virginian's to turn Republican in the post-Civil War Period; Floyd was Governor of Virginia (1849-1852), Secretary of War under Buchanan (1857-1860), and a general in the Confederate army (1861-1863); Johnston was a general in both the U.S. and Confederate armies (1860-1865). Among Hughes' papers are a number of incomplete drafts of Johnston's published war memoirs.\nThe third section consists of correspondence and other material related to Hughes' extensive activity as an amateur historian. The central topics are the careers of Gen. Johnston and Governor Floyd and after that Virginia and southern history in general."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_9a777b5c2ba309cf2d25740d88fcbe63\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eContains personal and political correspondence regarding his legal practice, involvement in Virginia politics and his activities in support of education. Had longtime association with the College of William and Mary, served on the State Board of Education and the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library. Significant aspect of this collection is the papers of his family, Governor John B. Floyd, General Joseph E. Johnston, and Judge Robert W. Hughes, important public figures before, during, and after the Civil War.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Contains personal and political correspondence regarding his legal practice, involvement in Virginia politics and his activities in support of education. Had longtime association with the College of William and Mary, served on the State Board of Education and the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library. Significant aspect of this collection is the papers of his family, Governor John B. Floyd, General Joseph E. Johnston, and Judge Robert W. Hughes, important public figures before, during, and after the Civil War."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Virginia. State Board of Education"],"names_coll_ssim":["College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Virginia. State Board of Education","Hughes family","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston) (1807-1891)","Floyd, John B. (John Buchanan) (1806-1863)","Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)"],"famname_ssim":["Hughes family"],"persname_ssim":["Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston) (1807-1891)","Floyd, John B. (John Buchanan) (1806-1863)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Virginia. State Board of Education","Hughes family","Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston) (1807-1891)","Floyd, John B. (John Buchanan) (1806-1863)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":639,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:36.932Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c05"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c10","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Series X: Family Papers, 1767/1950","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c10#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eIncludes family information and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c10#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c10","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c10"],"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c10","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","parent_ssim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_67"],"title_filing_ssi":"Series X: Family Papers","title_ssm":["Series X: Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Series X: Family Papers"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Series X: Family Papers, 1767/1950"],"text":["Series X: Family Papers, 1767/1950","Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950","Includes family information and correspondence."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1767/1950"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1767-1950, undated"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":282,"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":13,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIncludes family information and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Includes family information and correspondence."],"_nest_path_":"/components#9","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:36.932Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_67.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/67","title_filing_ssi":"Hughes, Robert Morton","title_ssm":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers"],"title_tesim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1754-1950, undated","Date acquired: 05/19/1976"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1754-1950, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 05/19/1976"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1754/1950"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"text":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950","MG 7","/repositories/5/resources/67","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Lawyers--Virginia--Norfolk","Confederate States of America. Army","Open to researchers without restrictions.","Additional accessions made in 1980 and 1983.","The Hughes collection is divided into 14 series: Series I: Personal Correspondence; Series II: Financial Records; Series III: Speeches; Series IV: Writings; Series V: Legal Practice; Series VI: Politics; Series VII: Education; Series VIII: Memorabilia; Series IX: Photographs; Series X: Family Papers; Series XI: Historical Studies; Series XII: Index Cards; Series XIII: Miscellaneous; and Series XIV: Oversized Materials.","Robert Morton Hughes was born on September 10, 1855, in the house of his mother's adoptive parents, Gov. John B. Floyd and Sally Preston Floyd at Abingdon in southwestern Virginia. Through his parents, Robert W. Hughes and Eliza Johnston Hughes, he was related to many of Western Virginia's prominent families, including the Prestons, Johnstons, Mortons, and Floyds. Hughes lived in Washington, D.C. and Richmond while still a child but spent most of his early life in Abingdon. He was educated there, largely by private tutors.\nHughes entered the College of William and Mary in 1870 at the age of 15 and graduated with an A. B. degree in 1873. His association with William and Mary would continue throughout his adult life. Hughes served on the college's Board of Visitors from 1893 to 1918 and was rector from 1905 to 1918. He was also an active fundraiser for the college and was instrumental in the establishment of its Marshall-Wythe School of Government and Citizenship. In 1920 his grateful alma mater awarded him an honorary doctor of laws degree while in 1959 the library of the Norfolk branch of William and Mary (now Old Dominion University) was named in his memory.\nHughes also attended the University of Virginia where he studied law and earned a M.A. degree in 1877. After being admitted to the bar this same year, Hughes set up practice in Norfolk, Virginia, where he would continue to work until his retirement in 1920. His specialty was admiralty law. Hughes was elected president of the Virginia Bar Association in 1895 and of the Norfolk and Portsmouth Bar Association in 1907. In 1926 he was appointed by the Governor to a special commission created to suggest revisions to the Virginia constitution.\nHughes was a lifelong Republican, following the lead of his father who had been one of the first prominent Virginians to turn Republican during the Reconstruction period. This affiliation would not prove very rewarding for him. An unsuccessful Republican candidate for congress in 1902 and 1904, Hughes also failed in several attempts to be appointed to federal judgeships, beginning in 1897 when he sought to succeed his father as a judge in the district court at Norfolk, Hughes was a staunch conservative and the last years of his life found him ardently opposing the New Deal in general and Roosevelt's attacks on the Supreme Court in particular.\nWhile Hughes never held elective office he served his community in many other ways. Besides his long tenure on the Board of Visitors of William and Mary, he sat on the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library from 1912 to 1938--he was president after 1921--and was a member of the State Board of Education from 1930 until 1935 when he resigned because of failing health. Hughes was also an active member of Christ Church (Episcopal) in Norfolk where he served as a vestryman from 1884 to 1928.\nHughes' major avocation, especially in later life, was that of amateur historian. His main interest was Virginia history and, within this field, the roles played by members of his own family. He felt particularly duty bound to defend the reputations of two close relatives: Gov. John B. Floyd (1806-1863), his adoptive maternal grandfather, and Gen. Joseph E. Johnston (1807-1891), U.S.A., C.S.A., his maternal great uncle. Johnston had in fact asked Hughes to write his official biography, a work which was published by Appleton in 1893. As a result of his commitment Hughes expended much time and energy writing articles and letters refuting \"incorrect\" statements by various authors which had directly or indirectly denigrated the careers or questioned the integrity of either man.\nRobert Morton Hughes died on January 15, 1940. He was survived by his wife - Mattie L. Smith Hughes, a son - Robert M. Hughes, Jr., and two grandchildren -Robert M. Hughes III and Carolyn Wright Hughes. A second son, Sydney Smith Hughes, had died in 1923.","Note written by Janice Halecki","Other papers related to Robert Morton Hughes can also be found in the Earl Gregg Swem Library at William \u0026 Mary (Mss. 65 H88 and UA 5.013).","The Hughes Papers are divided into three major sections. The first section contains Hughes' personal and political correspondence, speeches, literary efforts, small amounts of material related to his legal practice and to his involvement in Virginia political affairs (included is his participation in the Constitutional Commission of 1926-1927), and considerable material about his activities in support of education. Of particular note in this last area are his longtime association with the College of William and Mary (1870-1940) and his service on the State Board of Education (1930-1935).\nThe second section consists of correspondence and other papers originally belonging to certain of Hughes' relatives. Some of the correspondence goes back to the late 18th century. The major figures are Hughes' father Judge R. W. Hughes (d. 1901). his mother Eliza Johnston Hughes (d. 1908), his adoptive maternal grandfather John B. Floyd, (1806-1863) and his maternal great uncle Joseph E. Johnston, (1807-1891). Judge Hughes was one of the first prominent Virginian's to turn Republican in the post-Civil War Period; Floyd was Governor of Virginia (1849-1852), Secretary of War under Buchanan (1857-1860), and a general in the Confederate army (1861-1863); Johnston was a general in both the U.S. and Confederate armies (1860-1865). Among Hughes' papers are a number of incomplete drafts of Johnston's published war memoirs.\nThe third section consists of correspondence and other material related to Hughes' extensive activity as an amateur historian. The central topics are the careers of Gen. Johnston and Governor Floyd and after that Virginia and southern history in general.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Contains personal and political correspondence regarding his legal practice, involvement in Virginia politics and his activities in support of education. Had longtime association with the College of William and Mary, served on the State Board of Education and the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library. Significant aspect of this collection is the papers of his family, Governor John B. Floyd, General Joseph E. Johnston, and Judge Robert W. Hughes, important public figures before, during, and after the Civil War.","ODU Community Collections","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Virginia. State Board of Education","Hughes family","Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston) (1807-1891)","Floyd, John B. (John Buchanan) (1806-1863)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"collection_ssim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 7","/repositories/5/resources/67"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 7","/repositories/5/resources/67"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865"],"geogname_ssim":["United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865"],"places_ssim":["United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865"],"creator_ssm":["Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)"],"creator_ssim":["Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston) (1807-1891)","Floyd, John B. (John Buchanan) (1806-1863)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Virginia. State Board of Education"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Hughes family"],"creators_ssim":["Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston) (1807-1891)","Floyd, John B. (John Buchanan) (1806-1863)","ODU Community Collections","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Virginia. State Board of Education","Hughes family"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Hughes Family","Gift. Accession #A76-18"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Lawyers--Virginia--Norfolk","Confederate States of America. Army"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Lawyers--Virginia--Norfolk","Confederate States of America. Army"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["20.40 Linear Feet","29 Hollinger document cases, 4 oversize boxes, 1 oversize folder boxes"],"extent_tesim":["20.40 Linear Feet","29 Hollinger document cases, 4 oversize boxes, 1 oversize folder boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1976],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional accessions made in 1980 and 1983.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals and Additions"],"accruals_tesim":["Additional accessions made in 1980 and 1983."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Hughes collection is divided into 14 series: Series I: Personal Correspondence; Series II: Financial Records; Series III: Speeches; Series IV: Writings; Series V: Legal Practice; Series VI: Politics; Series VII: Education; Series VIII: Memorabilia; Series IX: Photographs; Series X: Family Papers; Series XI: Historical Studies; Series XII: Index Cards; Series XIII: Miscellaneous; and Series XIV: Oversized Materials.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Hughes collection is divided into 14 series: Series I: Personal Correspondence; Series II: Financial Records; Series III: Speeches; Series IV: Writings; Series V: Legal Practice; Series VI: Politics; Series VII: Education; Series VIII: Memorabilia; Series IX: Photographs; Series X: Family Papers; Series XI: Historical Studies; Series XII: Index Cards; Series XIII: Miscellaneous; and Series XIV: Oversized Materials."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobert Morton Hughes was born on September 10, 1855, in the house of his mother's adoptive parents, Gov. John B. Floyd and Sally Preston Floyd at Abingdon in southwestern Virginia. Through his parents, Robert W. Hughes and Eliza Johnston Hughes, he was related to many of Western Virginia's prominent families, including the Prestons, Johnstons, Mortons, and Floyds. Hughes lived in Washington, D.C. and Richmond while still a child but spent most of his early life in Abingdon. He was educated there, largely by private tutors.\nHughes entered the College of William and Mary in 1870 at the age of 15 and graduated with an A. B. degree in 1873. His association with William and Mary would continue throughout his adult life. Hughes served on the college's Board of Visitors from 1893 to 1918 and was rector from 1905 to 1918. He was also an active fundraiser for the college and was instrumental in the establishment of its Marshall-Wythe School of Government and Citizenship. In 1920 his grateful alma mater awarded him an honorary doctor of laws degree while in 1959 the library of the Norfolk branch of William and Mary (now Old Dominion University) was named in his memory.\nHughes also attended the University of Virginia where he studied law and earned a M.A. degree in 1877. After being admitted to the bar this same year, Hughes set up practice in Norfolk, Virginia, where he would continue to work until his retirement in 1920. His specialty was admiralty law. Hughes was elected president of the Virginia Bar Association in 1895 and of the Norfolk and Portsmouth Bar Association in 1907. In 1926 he was appointed by the Governor to a special commission created to suggest revisions to the Virginia constitution.\nHughes was a lifelong Republican, following the lead of his father who had been one of the first prominent Virginians to turn Republican during the Reconstruction period. This affiliation would not prove very rewarding for him. An unsuccessful Republican candidate for congress in 1902 and 1904, Hughes also failed in several attempts to be appointed to federal judgeships, beginning in 1897 when he sought to succeed his father as a judge in the district court at Norfolk, Hughes was a staunch conservative and the last years of his life found him ardently opposing the New Deal in general and Roosevelt's attacks on the Supreme Court in particular.\nWhile Hughes never held elective office he served his community in many other ways. Besides his long tenure on the Board of Visitors of William and Mary, he sat on the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library from 1912 to 1938--he was president after 1921--and was a member of the State Board of Education from 1930 until 1935 when he resigned because of failing health. Hughes was also an active member of Christ Church (Episcopal) in Norfolk where he served as a vestryman from 1884 to 1928.\nHughes' major avocation, especially in later life, was that of amateur historian. His main interest was Virginia history and, within this field, the roles played by members of his own family. He felt particularly duty bound to defend the reputations of two close relatives: Gov. John B. Floyd (1806-1863), his adoptive maternal grandfather, and Gen. Joseph E. Johnston (1807-1891), U.S.A., C.S.A., his maternal great uncle. Johnston had in fact asked Hughes to write his official biography, a work which was published by Appleton in 1893. As a result of his commitment Hughes expended much time and energy writing articles and letters refuting \"incorrect\" statements by various authors which had directly or indirectly denigrated the careers or questioned the integrity of either man.\nRobert Morton Hughes died on January 15, 1940. He was survived by his wife - Mattie L. Smith Hughes, a son - Robert M. Hughes, Jr., and two grandchildren -Robert M. Hughes III and Carolyn Wright Hughes. A second son, Sydney Smith Hughes, had died in 1923.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Janice Halecki\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert Morton Hughes was born on September 10, 1855, in the house of his mother's adoptive parents, Gov. John B. Floyd and Sally Preston Floyd at Abingdon in southwestern Virginia. Through his parents, Robert W. Hughes and Eliza Johnston Hughes, he was related to many of Western Virginia's prominent families, including the Prestons, Johnstons, Mortons, and Floyds. Hughes lived in Washington, D.C. and Richmond while still a child but spent most of his early life in Abingdon. He was educated there, largely by private tutors.\nHughes entered the College of William and Mary in 1870 at the age of 15 and graduated with an A. B. degree in 1873. His association with William and Mary would continue throughout his adult life. Hughes served on the college's Board of Visitors from 1893 to 1918 and was rector from 1905 to 1918. He was also an active fundraiser for the college and was instrumental in the establishment of its Marshall-Wythe School of Government and Citizenship. In 1920 his grateful alma mater awarded him an honorary doctor of laws degree while in 1959 the library of the Norfolk branch of William and Mary (now Old Dominion University) was named in his memory.\nHughes also attended the University of Virginia where he studied law and earned a M.A. degree in 1877. After being admitted to the bar this same year, Hughes set up practice in Norfolk, Virginia, where he would continue to work until his retirement in 1920. His specialty was admiralty law. Hughes was elected president of the Virginia Bar Association in 1895 and of the Norfolk and Portsmouth Bar Association in 1907. In 1926 he was appointed by the Governor to a special commission created to suggest revisions to the Virginia constitution.\nHughes was a lifelong Republican, following the lead of his father who had been one of the first prominent Virginians to turn Republican during the Reconstruction period. This affiliation would not prove very rewarding for him. An unsuccessful Republican candidate for congress in 1902 and 1904, Hughes also failed in several attempts to be appointed to federal judgeships, beginning in 1897 when he sought to succeed his father as a judge in the district court at Norfolk, Hughes was a staunch conservative and the last years of his life found him ardently opposing the New Deal in general and Roosevelt's attacks on the Supreme Court in particular.\nWhile Hughes never held elective office he served his community in many other ways. Besides his long tenure on the Board of Visitors of William and Mary, he sat on the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library from 1912 to 1938--he was president after 1921--and was a member of the State Board of Education from 1930 until 1935 when he resigned because of failing health. Hughes was also an active member of Christ Church (Episcopal) in Norfolk where he served as a vestryman from 1884 to 1928.\nHughes' major avocation, especially in later life, was that of amateur historian. His main interest was Virginia history and, within this field, the roles played by members of his own family. He felt particularly duty bound to defend the reputations of two close relatives: Gov. John B. Floyd (1806-1863), his adoptive maternal grandfather, and Gen. Joseph E. Johnston (1807-1891), U.S.A., C.S.A., his maternal great uncle. Johnston had in fact asked Hughes to write his official biography, a work which was published by Appleton in 1893. As a result of his commitment Hughes expended much time and energy writing articles and letters refuting \"incorrect\" statements by various authors which had directly or indirectly denigrated the careers or questioned the integrity of either man.\nRobert Morton Hughes died on January 15, 1940. He was survived by his wife - Mattie L. Smith Hughes, a son - Robert M. Hughes, Jr., and two grandchildren -Robert M. Hughes III and Carolyn Wright Hughes. A second son, Sydney Smith Hughes, had died in 1923.","Note written by Janice Halecki"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Robert Morton Hughes Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Robert Morton Hughes Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOther papers related to Robert Morton Hughes can also be found in the Earl Gregg Swem Library at William \u0026amp; Mary (Mss. 65 H88 and UA 5.013).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Other papers related to Robert Morton Hughes can also be found in the Earl Gregg Swem Library at William \u0026 Mary (Mss. 65 H88 and UA 5.013)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Hughes Papers are divided into three major sections. The first section contains Hughes' personal and political correspondence, speeches, literary efforts, small amounts of material related to his legal practice and to his involvement in Virginia political affairs (included is his participation in the Constitutional Commission of 1926-1927), and considerable material about his activities in support of education. Of particular note in this last area are his longtime association with the College of William and Mary (1870-1940) and his service on the State Board of Education (1930-1935).\nThe second section consists of correspondence and other papers originally belonging to certain of Hughes' relatives. Some of the correspondence goes back to the late 18th century. The major figures are Hughes' father Judge R. W. Hughes (d. 1901). his mother Eliza Johnston Hughes (d. 1908), his adoptive maternal grandfather John B. Floyd, (1806-1863) and his maternal great uncle Joseph E. Johnston, (1807-1891). Judge Hughes was one of the first prominent Virginian's to turn Republican in the post-Civil War Period; Floyd was Governor of Virginia (1849-1852), Secretary of War under Buchanan (1857-1860), and a general in the Confederate army (1861-1863); Johnston was a general in both the U.S. and Confederate armies (1860-1865). Among Hughes' papers are a number of incomplete drafts of Johnston's published war memoirs.\nThe third section consists of correspondence and other material related to Hughes' extensive activity as an amateur historian. The central topics are the careers of Gen. Johnston and Governor Floyd and after that Virginia and southern history in general.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Hughes Papers are divided into three major sections. The first section contains Hughes' personal and political correspondence, speeches, literary efforts, small amounts of material related to his legal practice and to his involvement in Virginia political affairs (included is his participation in the Constitutional Commission of 1926-1927), and considerable material about his activities in support of education. Of particular note in this last area are his longtime association with the College of William and Mary (1870-1940) and his service on the State Board of Education (1930-1935).\nThe second section consists of correspondence and other papers originally belonging to certain of Hughes' relatives. Some of the correspondence goes back to the late 18th century. The major figures are Hughes' father Judge R. W. Hughes (d. 1901). his mother Eliza Johnston Hughes (d. 1908), his adoptive maternal grandfather John B. Floyd, (1806-1863) and his maternal great uncle Joseph E. Johnston, (1807-1891). Judge Hughes was one of the first prominent Virginian's to turn Republican in the post-Civil War Period; Floyd was Governor of Virginia (1849-1852), Secretary of War under Buchanan (1857-1860), and a general in the Confederate army (1861-1863); Johnston was a general in both the U.S. and Confederate armies (1860-1865). Among Hughes' papers are a number of incomplete drafts of Johnston's published war memoirs.\nThe third section consists of correspondence and other material related to Hughes' extensive activity as an amateur historian. The central topics are the careers of Gen. Johnston and Governor Floyd and after that Virginia and southern history in general."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_9a777b5c2ba309cf2d25740d88fcbe63\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eContains personal and political correspondence regarding his legal practice, involvement in Virginia politics and his activities in support of education. Had longtime association with the College of William and Mary, served on the State Board of Education and the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library. Significant aspect of this collection is the papers of his family, Governor John B. Floyd, General Joseph E. Johnston, and Judge Robert W. Hughes, important public figures before, during, and after the Civil War.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Contains personal and political correspondence regarding his legal practice, involvement in Virginia politics and his activities in support of education. Had longtime association with the College of William and Mary, served on the State Board of Education and the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library. Significant aspect of this collection is the papers of his family, Governor John B. Floyd, General Joseph E. Johnston, and Judge Robert W. Hughes, important public figures before, during, and after the Civil War."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Virginia. State Board of Education"],"names_coll_ssim":["College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Virginia. State Board of Education","Hughes family","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston) (1807-1891)","Floyd, John B. (John Buchanan) (1806-1863)","Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)"],"famname_ssim":["Hughes family"],"persname_ssim":["Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston) (1807-1891)","Floyd, John B. (John Buchanan) (1806-1863)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Virginia. State Board of Education","Hughes family","Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston) (1807-1891)","Floyd, John B. (John Buchanan) (1806-1863)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":639,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:36.932Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c10"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c11","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Series XI: Historical Studies, 1780/1937","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c11#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eHistoral Studies. Includes Robert Morton Hughes' studies of the Civil War period and the place of some of his relatives in Virginia history.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c11#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c11","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c11"],"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c11","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","parent_ssim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_67"],"title_filing_ssi":"Series XI: Historical Studies","title_ssm":["Series XI: Historical Studies"],"title_tesim":["Series XI: Historical Studies"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Series XI: Historical Studies, 1780/1937"],"text":["Series XI: Historical Studies, 1780/1937","Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950","Historal Studies. Includes Robert Morton Hughes' studies of the Civil War period and the place of some of his relatives in Virginia history."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1780/1937"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1780-1937, undated"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":448,"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":5,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHistoral Studies. Includes Robert Morton Hughes' studies of the Civil War period and the place of some of his relatives in Virginia history.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Historal Studies. Includes Robert Morton Hughes' studies of the Civil War period and the place of some of his relatives in Virginia history."],"_nest_path_":"/components#10","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:36.932Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_67.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/67","title_filing_ssi":"Hughes, Robert Morton","title_ssm":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers"],"title_tesim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1754-1950, undated","Date acquired: 05/19/1976"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1754-1950, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 05/19/1976"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1754/1950"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"text":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950","MG 7","/repositories/5/resources/67","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Lawyers--Virginia--Norfolk","Confederate States of America. Army","Open to researchers without restrictions.","Additional accessions made in 1980 and 1983.","The Hughes collection is divided into 14 series: Series I: Personal Correspondence; Series II: Financial Records; Series III: Speeches; Series IV: Writings; Series V: Legal Practice; Series VI: Politics; Series VII: Education; Series VIII: Memorabilia; Series IX: Photographs; Series X: Family Papers; Series XI: Historical Studies; Series XII: Index Cards; Series XIII: Miscellaneous; and Series XIV: Oversized Materials.","Robert Morton Hughes was born on September 10, 1855, in the house of his mother's adoptive parents, Gov. John B. Floyd and Sally Preston Floyd at Abingdon in southwestern Virginia. Through his parents, Robert W. Hughes and Eliza Johnston Hughes, he was related to many of Western Virginia's prominent families, including the Prestons, Johnstons, Mortons, and Floyds. Hughes lived in Washington, D.C. and Richmond while still a child but spent most of his early life in Abingdon. He was educated there, largely by private tutors.\nHughes entered the College of William and Mary in 1870 at the age of 15 and graduated with an A. B. degree in 1873. His association with William and Mary would continue throughout his adult life. Hughes served on the college's Board of Visitors from 1893 to 1918 and was rector from 1905 to 1918. He was also an active fundraiser for the college and was instrumental in the establishment of its Marshall-Wythe School of Government and Citizenship. In 1920 his grateful alma mater awarded him an honorary doctor of laws degree while in 1959 the library of the Norfolk branch of William and Mary (now Old Dominion University) was named in his memory.\nHughes also attended the University of Virginia where he studied law and earned a M.A. degree in 1877. After being admitted to the bar this same year, Hughes set up practice in Norfolk, Virginia, where he would continue to work until his retirement in 1920. His specialty was admiralty law. Hughes was elected president of the Virginia Bar Association in 1895 and of the Norfolk and Portsmouth Bar Association in 1907. In 1926 he was appointed by the Governor to a special commission created to suggest revisions to the Virginia constitution.\nHughes was a lifelong Republican, following the lead of his father who had been one of the first prominent Virginians to turn Republican during the Reconstruction period. This affiliation would not prove very rewarding for him. An unsuccessful Republican candidate for congress in 1902 and 1904, Hughes also failed in several attempts to be appointed to federal judgeships, beginning in 1897 when he sought to succeed his father as a judge in the district court at Norfolk, Hughes was a staunch conservative and the last years of his life found him ardently opposing the New Deal in general and Roosevelt's attacks on the Supreme Court in particular.\nWhile Hughes never held elective office he served his community in many other ways. Besides his long tenure on the Board of Visitors of William and Mary, he sat on the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library from 1912 to 1938--he was president after 1921--and was a member of the State Board of Education from 1930 until 1935 when he resigned because of failing health. Hughes was also an active member of Christ Church (Episcopal) in Norfolk where he served as a vestryman from 1884 to 1928.\nHughes' major avocation, especially in later life, was that of amateur historian. His main interest was Virginia history and, within this field, the roles played by members of his own family. He felt particularly duty bound to defend the reputations of two close relatives: Gov. John B. Floyd (1806-1863), his adoptive maternal grandfather, and Gen. Joseph E. Johnston (1807-1891), U.S.A., C.S.A., his maternal great uncle. Johnston had in fact asked Hughes to write his official biography, a work which was published by Appleton in 1893. As a result of his commitment Hughes expended much time and energy writing articles and letters refuting \"incorrect\" statements by various authors which had directly or indirectly denigrated the careers or questioned the integrity of either man.\nRobert Morton Hughes died on January 15, 1940. He was survived by his wife - Mattie L. Smith Hughes, a son - Robert M. Hughes, Jr., and two grandchildren -Robert M. Hughes III and Carolyn Wright Hughes. A second son, Sydney Smith Hughes, had died in 1923.","Note written by Janice Halecki","Other papers related to Robert Morton Hughes can also be found in the Earl Gregg Swem Library at William \u0026 Mary (Mss. 65 H88 and UA 5.013).","The Hughes Papers are divided into three major sections. The first section contains Hughes' personal and political correspondence, speeches, literary efforts, small amounts of material related to his legal practice and to his involvement in Virginia political affairs (included is his participation in the Constitutional Commission of 1926-1927), and considerable material about his activities in support of education. Of particular note in this last area are his longtime association with the College of William and Mary (1870-1940) and his service on the State Board of Education (1930-1935).\nThe second section consists of correspondence and other papers originally belonging to certain of Hughes' relatives. Some of the correspondence goes back to the late 18th century. The major figures are Hughes' father Judge R. W. Hughes (d. 1901). his mother Eliza Johnston Hughes (d. 1908), his adoptive maternal grandfather John B. Floyd, (1806-1863) and his maternal great uncle Joseph E. Johnston, (1807-1891). Judge Hughes was one of the first prominent Virginian's to turn Republican in the post-Civil War Period; Floyd was Governor of Virginia (1849-1852), Secretary of War under Buchanan (1857-1860), and a general in the Confederate army (1861-1863); Johnston was a general in both the U.S. and Confederate armies (1860-1865). Among Hughes' papers are a number of incomplete drafts of Johnston's published war memoirs.\nThe third section consists of correspondence and other material related to Hughes' extensive activity as an amateur historian. The central topics are the careers of Gen. Johnston and Governor Floyd and after that Virginia and southern history in general.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Contains personal and political correspondence regarding his legal practice, involvement in Virginia politics and his activities in support of education. Had longtime association with the College of William and Mary, served on the State Board of Education and the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library. Significant aspect of this collection is the papers of his family, Governor John B. Floyd, General Joseph E. Johnston, and Judge Robert W. Hughes, important public figures before, during, and after the Civil War.","ODU Community Collections","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Virginia. State Board of Education","Hughes family","Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston) (1807-1891)","Floyd, John B. (John Buchanan) (1806-1863)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"collection_ssim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 7","/repositories/5/resources/67"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 7","/repositories/5/resources/67"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865"],"geogname_ssim":["United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865"],"places_ssim":["United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865"],"creator_ssm":["Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)"],"creator_ssim":["Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston) (1807-1891)","Floyd, John B. (John Buchanan) (1806-1863)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Virginia. State Board of Education"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Hughes family"],"creators_ssim":["Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston) (1807-1891)","Floyd, John B. (John Buchanan) (1806-1863)","ODU Community Collections","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Virginia. State Board of Education","Hughes family"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Hughes Family","Gift. Accession #A76-18"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Lawyers--Virginia--Norfolk","Confederate States of America. Army"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Lawyers--Virginia--Norfolk","Confederate States of America. Army"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["20.40 Linear Feet","29 Hollinger document cases, 4 oversize boxes, 1 oversize folder boxes"],"extent_tesim":["20.40 Linear Feet","29 Hollinger document cases, 4 oversize boxes, 1 oversize folder boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1976],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional accessions made in 1980 and 1983.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals and Additions"],"accruals_tesim":["Additional accessions made in 1980 and 1983."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Hughes collection is divided into 14 series: Series I: Personal Correspondence; Series II: Financial Records; Series III: Speeches; Series IV: Writings; Series V: Legal Practice; Series VI: Politics; Series VII: Education; Series VIII: Memorabilia; Series IX: Photographs; Series X: Family Papers; Series XI: Historical Studies; Series XII: Index Cards; Series XIII: Miscellaneous; and Series XIV: Oversized Materials.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Hughes collection is divided into 14 series: Series I: Personal Correspondence; Series II: Financial Records; Series III: Speeches; Series IV: Writings; Series V: Legal Practice; Series VI: Politics; Series VII: Education; Series VIII: Memorabilia; Series IX: Photographs; Series X: Family Papers; Series XI: Historical Studies; Series XII: Index Cards; Series XIII: Miscellaneous; and Series XIV: Oversized Materials."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobert Morton Hughes was born on September 10, 1855, in the house of his mother's adoptive parents, Gov. John B. Floyd and Sally Preston Floyd at Abingdon in southwestern Virginia. Through his parents, Robert W. Hughes and Eliza Johnston Hughes, he was related to many of Western Virginia's prominent families, including the Prestons, Johnstons, Mortons, and Floyds. Hughes lived in Washington, D.C. and Richmond while still a child but spent most of his early life in Abingdon. He was educated there, largely by private tutors.\nHughes entered the College of William and Mary in 1870 at the age of 15 and graduated with an A. B. degree in 1873. His association with William and Mary would continue throughout his adult life. Hughes served on the college's Board of Visitors from 1893 to 1918 and was rector from 1905 to 1918. He was also an active fundraiser for the college and was instrumental in the establishment of its Marshall-Wythe School of Government and Citizenship. In 1920 his grateful alma mater awarded him an honorary doctor of laws degree while in 1959 the library of the Norfolk branch of William and Mary (now Old Dominion University) was named in his memory.\nHughes also attended the University of Virginia where he studied law and earned a M.A. degree in 1877. After being admitted to the bar this same year, Hughes set up practice in Norfolk, Virginia, where he would continue to work until his retirement in 1920. His specialty was admiralty law. Hughes was elected president of the Virginia Bar Association in 1895 and of the Norfolk and Portsmouth Bar Association in 1907. In 1926 he was appointed by the Governor to a special commission created to suggest revisions to the Virginia constitution.\nHughes was a lifelong Republican, following the lead of his father who had been one of the first prominent Virginians to turn Republican during the Reconstruction period. This affiliation would not prove very rewarding for him. An unsuccessful Republican candidate for congress in 1902 and 1904, Hughes also failed in several attempts to be appointed to federal judgeships, beginning in 1897 when he sought to succeed his father as a judge in the district court at Norfolk, Hughes was a staunch conservative and the last years of his life found him ardently opposing the New Deal in general and Roosevelt's attacks on the Supreme Court in particular.\nWhile Hughes never held elective office he served his community in many other ways. Besides his long tenure on the Board of Visitors of William and Mary, he sat on the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library from 1912 to 1938--he was president after 1921--and was a member of the State Board of Education from 1930 until 1935 when he resigned because of failing health. Hughes was also an active member of Christ Church (Episcopal) in Norfolk where he served as a vestryman from 1884 to 1928.\nHughes' major avocation, especially in later life, was that of amateur historian. His main interest was Virginia history and, within this field, the roles played by members of his own family. He felt particularly duty bound to defend the reputations of two close relatives: Gov. John B. Floyd (1806-1863), his adoptive maternal grandfather, and Gen. Joseph E. Johnston (1807-1891), U.S.A., C.S.A., his maternal great uncle. Johnston had in fact asked Hughes to write his official biography, a work which was published by Appleton in 1893. As a result of his commitment Hughes expended much time and energy writing articles and letters refuting \"incorrect\" statements by various authors which had directly or indirectly denigrated the careers or questioned the integrity of either man.\nRobert Morton Hughes died on January 15, 1940. He was survived by his wife - Mattie L. Smith Hughes, a son - Robert M. Hughes, Jr., and two grandchildren -Robert M. Hughes III and Carolyn Wright Hughes. A second son, Sydney Smith Hughes, had died in 1923.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Janice Halecki\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert Morton Hughes was born on September 10, 1855, in the house of his mother's adoptive parents, Gov. John B. Floyd and Sally Preston Floyd at Abingdon in southwestern Virginia. Through his parents, Robert W. Hughes and Eliza Johnston Hughes, he was related to many of Western Virginia's prominent families, including the Prestons, Johnstons, Mortons, and Floyds. Hughes lived in Washington, D.C. and Richmond while still a child but spent most of his early life in Abingdon. He was educated there, largely by private tutors.\nHughes entered the College of William and Mary in 1870 at the age of 15 and graduated with an A. B. degree in 1873. His association with William and Mary would continue throughout his adult life. Hughes served on the college's Board of Visitors from 1893 to 1918 and was rector from 1905 to 1918. He was also an active fundraiser for the college and was instrumental in the establishment of its Marshall-Wythe School of Government and Citizenship. In 1920 his grateful alma mater awarded him an honorary doctor of laws degree while in 1959 the library of the Norfolk branch of William and Mary (now Old Dominion University) was named in his memory.\nHughes also attended the University of Virginia where he studied law and earned a M.A. degree in 1877. After being admitted to the bar this same year, Hughes set up practice in Norfolk, Virginia, where he would continue to work until his retirement in 1920. His specialty was admiralty law. Hughes was elected president of the Virginia Bar Association in 1895 and of the Norfolk and Portsmouth Bar Association in 1907. In 1926 he was appointed by the Governor to a special commission created to suggest revisions to the Virginia constitution.\nHughes was a lifelong Republican, following the lead of his father who had been one of the first prominent Virginians to turn Republican during the Reconstruction period. This affiliation would not prove very rewarding for him. An unsuccessful Republican candidate for congress in 1902 and 1904, Hughes also failed in several attempts to be appointed to federal judgeships, beginning in 1897 when he sought to succeed his father as a judge in the district court at Norfolk, Hughes was a staunch conservative and the last years of his life found him ardently opposing the New Deal in general and Roosevelt's attacks on the Supreme Court in particular.\nWhile Hughes never held elective office he served his community in many other ways. Besides his long tenure on the Board of Visitors of William and Mary, he sat on the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library from 1912 to 1938--he was president after 1921--and was a member of the State Board of Education from 1930 until 1935 when he resigned because of failing health. Hughes was also an active member of Christ Church (Episcopal) in Norfolk where he served as a vestryman from 1884 to 1928.\nHughes' major avocation, especially in later life, was that of amateur historian. His main interest was Virginia history and, within this field, the roles played by members of his own family. He felt particularly duty bound to defend the reputations of two close relatives: Gov. John B. Floyd (1806-1863), his adoptive maternal grandfather, and Gen. Joseph E. Johnston (1807-1891), U.S.A., C.S.A., his maternal great uncle. Johnston had in fact asked Hughes to write his official biography, a work which was published by Appleton in 1893. As a result of his commitment Hughes expended much time and energy writing articles and letters refuting \"incorrect\" statements by various authors which had directly or indirectly denigrated the careers or questioned the integrity of either man.\nRobert Morton Hughes died on January 15, 1940. He was survived by his wife - Mattie L. Smith Hughes, a son - Robert M. Hughes, Jr., and two grandchildren -Robert M. Hughes III and Carolyn Wright Hughes. A second son, Sydney Smith Hughes, had died in 1923.","Note written by Janice Halecki"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Robert Morton Hughes Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Robert Morton Hughes Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOther papers related to Robert Morton Hughes can also be found in the Earl Gregg Swem Library at William \u0026amp; Mary (Mss. 65 H88 and UA 5.013).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Other papers related to Robert Morton Hughes can also be found in the Earl Gregg Swem Library at William \u0026 Mary (Mss. 65 H88 and UA 5.013)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Hughes Papers are divided into three major sections. The first section contains Hughes' personal and political correspondence, speeches, literary efforts, small amounts of material related to his legal practice and to his involvement in Virginia political affairs (included is his participation in the Constitutional Commission of 1926-1927), and considerable material about his activities in support of education. Of particular note in this last area are his longtime association with the College of William and Mary (1870-1940) and his service on the State Board of Education (1930-1935).\nThe second section consists of correspondence and other papers originally belonging to certain of Hughes' relatives. Some of the correspondence goes back to the late 18th century. The major figures are Hughes' father Judge R. W. Hughes (d. 1901). his mother Eliza Johnston Hughes (d. 1908), his adoptive maternal grandfather John B. Floyd, (1806-1863) and his maternal great uncle Joseph E. Johnston, (1807-1891). Judge Hughes was one of the first prominent Virginian's to turn Republican in the post-Civil War Period; Floyd was Governor of Virginia (1849-1852), Secretary of War under Buchanan (1857-1860), and a general in the Confederate army (1861-1863); Johnston was a general in both the U.S. and Confederate armies (1860-1865). Among Hughes' papers are a number of incomplete drafts of Johnston's published war memoirs.\nThe third section consists of correspondence and other material related to Hughes' extensive activity as an amateur historian. The central topics are the careers of Gen. Johnston and Governor Floyd and after that Virginia and southern history in general.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Hughes Papers are divided into three major sections. The first section contains Hughes' personal and political correspondence, speeches, literary efforts, small amounts of material related to his legal practice and to his involvement in Virginia political affairs (included is his participation in the Constitutional Commission of 1926-1927), and considerable material about his activities in support of education. Of particular note in this last area are his longtime association with the College of William and Mary (1870-1940) and his service on the State Board of Education (1930-1935).\nThe second section consists of correspondence and other papers originally belonging to certain of Hughes' relatives. Some of the correspondence goes back to the late 18th century. The major figures are Hughes' father Judge R. W. Hughes (d. 1901). his mother Eliza Johnston Hughes (d. 1908), his adoptive maternal grandfather John B. Floyd, (1806-1863) and his maternal great uncle Joseph E. Johnston, (1807-1891). Judge Hughes was one of the first prominent Virginian's to turn Republican in the post-Civil War Period; Floyd was Governor of Virginia (1849-1852), Secretary of War under Buchanan (1857-1860), and a general in the Confederate army (1861-1863); Johnston was a general in both the U.S. and Confederate armies (1860-1865). Among Hughes' papers are a number of incomplete drafts of Johnston's published war memoirs.\nThe third section consists of correspondence and other material related to Hughes' extensive activity as an amateur historian. The central topics are the careers of Gen. Johnston and Governor Floyd and after that Virginia and southern history in general."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_9a777b5c2ba309cf2d25740d88fcbe63\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eContains personal and political correspondence regarding his legal practice, involvement in Virginia politics and his activities in support of education. Had longtime association with the College of William and Mary, served on the State Board of Education and the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library. Significant aspect of this collection is the papers of his family, Governor John B. Floyd, General Joseph E. Johnston, and Judge Robert W. Hughes, important public figures before, during, and after the Civil War.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Contains personal and political correspondence regarding his legal practice, involvement in Virginia politics and his activities in support of education. Had longtime association with the College of William and Mary, served on the State Board of Education and the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library. Significant aspect of this collection is the papers of his family, Governor John B. Floyd, General Joseph E. Johnston, and Judge Robert W. Hughes, important public figures before, during, and after the Civil War."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Virginia. State Board of Education"],"names_coll_ssim":["College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Virginia. State Board of Education","Hughes family","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston) (1807-1891)","Floyd, John B. (John Buchanan) (1806-1863)","Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)"],"famname_ssim":["Hughes family"],"persname_ssim":["Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston) (1807-1891)","Floyd, John B. (John Buchanan) (1806-1863)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Virginia. State Board of Education","Hughes family","Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston) (1807-1891)","Floyd, John B. (John Buchanan) (1806-1863)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":639,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:36.932Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c11"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c13","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Series XIII: Miscellaneous, 1872/1938","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c13#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eIncludes proceedings of the Research Club, correspondence, writings, and scrapbooks.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c13#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c13","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c13"],"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c13","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","parent_ssim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_67"],"title_filing_ssi":"Series XIII: Miscellaneous","title_ssm":["Series XIII: Miscellaneous"],"title_tesim":["Series XIII: Miscellaneous"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Series XIII: Miscellaneous, 1872/1938"],"text":["Series XIII: Miscellaneous, 1872/1938","Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950","Includes proceedings of the Research Club, correspondence, writings, and scrapbooks."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1872/1938"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1872-1938, undated"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":572,"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":2,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIncludes proceedings of the Research Club, correspondence, writings, and scrapbooks.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Includes proceedings of the Research Club, correspondence, writings, and scrapbooks."],"_nest_path_":"/components#12","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:36.932Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_67.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/67","title_filing_ssi":"Hughes, Robert Morton","title_ssm":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers"],"title_tesim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1754-1950, undated","Date acquired: 05/19/1976"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1754-1950, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 05/19/1976"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1754/1950"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"text":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950","MG 7","/repositories/5/resources/67","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Lawyers--Virginia--Norfolk","Confederate States of America. Army","Open to researchers without restrictions.","Additional accessions made in 1980 and 1983.","The Hughes collection is divided into 14 series: Series I: Personal Correspondence; Series II: Financial Records; Series III: Speeches; Series IV: Writings; Series V: Legal Practice; Series VI: Politics; Series VII: Education; Series VIII: Memorabilia; Series IX: Photographs; Series X: Family Papers; Series XI: Historical Studies; Series XII: Index Cards; Series XIII: Miscellaneous; and Series XIV: Oversized Materials.","Robert Morton Hughes was born on September 10, 1855, in the house of his mother's adoptive parents, Gov. John B. Floyd and Sally Preston Floyd at Abingdon in southwestern Virginia. Through his parents, Robert W. Hughes and Eliza Johnston Hughes, he was related to many of Western Virginia's prominent families, including the Prestons, Johnstons, Mortons, and Floyds. Hughes lived in Washington, D.C. and Richmond while still a child but spent most of his early life in Abingdon. He was educated there, largely by private tutors.\nHughes entered the College of William and Mary in 1870 at the age of 15 and graduated with an A. B. degree in 1873. His association with William and Mary would continue throughout his adult life. Hughes served on the college's Board of Visitors from 1893 to 1918 and was rector from 1905 to 1918. He was also an active fundraiser for the college and was instrumental in the establishment of its Marshall-Wythe School of Government and Citizenship. In 1920 his grateful alma mater awarded him an honorary doctor of laws degree while in 1959 the library of the Norfolk branch of William and Mary (now Old Dominion University) was named in his memory.\nHughes also attended the University of Virginia where he studied law and earned a M.A. degree in 1877. After being admitted to the bar this same year, Hughes set up practice in Norfolk, Virginia, where he would continue to work until his retirement in 1920. His specialty was admiralty law. Hughes was elected president of the Virginia Bar Association in 1895 and of the Norfolk and Portsmouth Bar Association in 1907. In 1926 he was appointed by the Governor to a special commission created to suggest revisions to the Virginia constitution.\nHughes was a lifelong Republican, following the lead of his father who had been one of the first prominent Virginians to turn Republican during the Reconstruction period. This affiliation would not prove very rewarding for him. An unsuccessful Republican candidate for congress in 1902 and 1904, Hughes also failed in several attempts to be appointed to federal judgeships, beginning in 1897 when he sought to succeed his father as a judge in the district court at Norfolk, Hughes was a staunch conservative and the last years of his life found him ardently opposing the New Deal in general and Roosevelt's attacks on the Supreme Court in particular.\nWhile Hughes never held elective office he served his community in many other ways. Besides his long tenure on the Board of Visitors of William and Mary, he sat on the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library from 1912 to 1938--he was president after 1921--and was a member of the State Board of Education from 1930 until 1935 when he resigned because of failing health. Hughes was also an active member of Christ Church (Episcopal) in Norfolk where he served as a vestryman from 1884 to 1928.\nHughes' major avocation, especially in later life, was that of amateur historian. His main interest was Virginia history and, within this field, the roles played by members of his own family. He felt particularly duty bound to defend the reputations of two close relatives: Gov. John B. Floyd (1806-1863), his adoptive maternal grandfather, and Gen. Joseph E. Johnston (1807-1891), U.S.A., C.S.A., his maternal great uncle. Johnston had in fact asked Hughes to write his official biography, a work which was published by Appleton in 1893. As a result of his commitment Hughes expended much time and energy writing articles and letters refuting \"incorrect\" statements by various authors which had directly or indirectly denigrated the careers or questioned the integrity of either man.\nRobert Morton Hughes died on January 15, 1940. He was survived by his wife - Mattie L. Smith Hughes, a son - Robert M. Hughes, Jr., and two grandchildren -Robert M. Hughes III and Carolyn Wright Hughes. A second son, Sydney Smith Hughes, had died in 1923.","Note written by Janice Halecki","Other papers related to Robert Morton Hughes can also be found in the Earl Gregg Swem Library at William \u0026 Mary (Mss. 65 H88 and UA 5.013).","The Hughes Papers are divided into three major sections. The first section contains Hughes' personal and political correspondence, speeches, literary efforts, small amounts of material related to his legal practice and to his involvement in Virginia political affairs (included is his participation in the Constitutional Commission of 1926-1927), and considerable material about his activities in support of education. Of particular note in this last area are his longtime association with the College of William and Mary (1870-1940) and his service on the State Board of Education (1930-1935).\nThe second section consists of correspondence and other papers originally belonging to certain of Hughes' relatives. Some of the correspondence goes back to the late 18th century. The major figures are Hughes' father Judge R. W. Hughes (d. 1901). his mother Eliza Johnston Hughes (d. 1908), his adoptive maternal grandfather John B. Floyd, (1806-1863) and his maternal great uncle Joseph E. Johnston, (1807-1891). Judge Hughes was one of the first prominent Virginian's to turn Republican in the post-Civil War Period; Floyd was Governor of Virginia (1849-1852), Secretary of War under Buchanan (1857-1860), and a general in the Confederate army (1861-1863); Johnston was a general in both the U.S. and Confederate armies (1860-1865). Among Hughes' papers are a number of incomplete drafts of Johnston's published war memoirs.\nThe third section consists of correspondence and other material related to Hughes' extensive activity as an amateur historian. The central topics are the careers of Gen. Johnston and Governor Floyd and after that Virginia and southern history in general.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Contains personal and political correspondence regarding his legal practice, involvement in Virginia politics and his activities in support of education. Had longtime association with the College of William and Mary, served on the State Board of Education and the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library. Significant aspect of this collection is the papers of his family, Governor John B. Floyd, General Joseph E. Johnston, and Judge Robert W. Hughes, important public figures before, during, and after the Civil War.","ODU Community Collections","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Virginia. State Board of Education","Hughes family","Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston) (1807-1891)","Floyd, John B. 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Norfolk Division","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Virginia. State Board of Education"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Hughes family"],"creators_ssim":["Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston) (1807-1891)","Floyd, John B. (John Buchanan) (1806-1863)","ODU Community Collections","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Virginia. State Board of Education","Hughes family"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Hughes Family","Gift. Accession #A76-18"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Lawyers--Virginia--Norfolk","Confederate States of America. Army"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Lawyers--Virginia--Norfolk","Confederate States of America. 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John B. Floyd and Sally Preston Floyd at Abingdon in southwestern Virginia. Through his parents, Robert W. Hughes and Eliza Johnston Hughes, he was related to many of Western Virginia's prominent families, including the Prestons, Johnstons, Mortons, and Floyds. Hughes lived in Washington, D.C. and Richmond while still a child but spent most of his early life in Abingdon. He was educated there, largely by private tutors.\nHughes entered the College of William and Mary in 1870 at the age of 15 and graduated with an A. B. degree in 1873. His association with William and Mary would continue throughout his adult life. Hughes served on the college's Board of Visitors from 1893 to 1918 and was rector from 1905 to 1918. He was also an active fundraiser for the college and was instrumental in the establishment of its Marshall-Wythe School of Government and Citizenship. In 1920 his grateful alma mater awarded him an honorary doctor of laws degree while in 1959 the library of the Norfolk branch of William and Mary (now Old Dominion University) was named in his memory.\nHughes also attended the University of Virginia where he studied law and earned a M.A. degree in 1877. After being admitted to the bar this same year, Hughes set up practice in Norfolk, Virginia, where he would continue to work until his retirement in 1920. His specialty was admiralty law. Hughes was elected president of the Virginia Bar Association in 1895 and of the Norfolk and Portsmouth Bar Association in 1907. In 1926 he was appointed by the Governor to a special commission created to suggest revisions to the Virginia constitution.\nHughes was a lifelong Republican, following the lead of his father who had been one of the first prominent Virginians to turn Republican during the Reconstruction period. This affiliation would not prove very rewarding for him. An unsuccessful Republican candidate for congress in 1902 and 1904, Hughes also failed in several attempts to be appointed to federal judgeships, beginning in 1897 when he sought to succeed his father as a judge in the district court at Norfolk, Hughes was a staunch conservative and the last years of his life found him ardently opposing the New Deal in general and Roosevelt's attacks on the Supreme Court in particular.\nWhile Hughes never held elective office he served his community in many other ways. Besides his long tenure on the Board of Visitors of William and Mary, he sat on the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library from 1912 to 1938--he was president after 1921--and was a member of the State Board of Education from 1930 until 1935 when he resigned because of failing health. Hughes was also an active member of Christ Church (Episcopal) in Norfolk where he served as a vestryman from 1884 to 1928.\nHughes' major avocation, especially in later life, was that of amateur historian. His main interest was Virginia history and, within this field, the roles played by members of his own family. He felt particularly duty bound to defend the reputations of two close relatives: Gov. John B. Floyd (1806-1863), his adoptive maternal grandfather, and Gen. Joseph E. Johnston (1807-1891), U.S.A., C.S.A., his maternal great uncle. Johnston had in fact asked Hughes to write his official biography, a work which was published by Appleton in 1893. As a result of his commitment Hughes expended much time and energy writing articles and letters refuting \"incorrect\" statements by various authors which had directly or indirectly denigrated the careers or questioned the integrity of either man.\nRobert Morton Hughes died on January 15, 1940. He was survived by his wife - Mattie L. Smith Hughes, a son - Robert M. Hughes, Jr., and two grandchildren -Robert M. Hughes III and Carolyn Wright Hughes. A second son, Sydney Smith Hughes, had died in 1923.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Janice Halecki\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert Morton Hughes was born on September 10, 1855, in the house of his mother's adoptive parents, Gov. John B. Floyd and Sally Preston Floyd at Abingdon in southwestern Virginia. Through his parents, Robert W. Hughes and Eliza Johnston Hughes, he was related to many of Western Virginia's prominent families, including the Prestons, Johnstons, Mortons, and Floyds. Hughes lived in Washington, D.C. and Richmond while still a child but spent most of his early life in Abingdon. He was educated there, largely by private tutors.\nHughes entered the College of William and Mary in 1870 at the age of 15 and graduated with an A. B. degree in 1873. His association with William and Mary would continue throughout his adult life. Hughes served on the college's Board of Visitors from 1893 to 1918 and was rector from 1905 to 1918. He was also an active fundraiser for the college and was instrumental in the establishment of its Marshall-Wythe School of Government and Citizenship. In 1920 his grateful alma mater awarded him an honorary doctor of laws degree while in 1959 the library of the Norfolk branch of William and Mary (now Old Dominion University) was named in his memory.\nHughes also attended the University of Virginia where he studied law and earned a M.A. degree in 1877. After being admitted to the bar this same year, Hughes set up practice in Norfolk, Virginia, where he would continue to work until his retirement in 1920. His specialty was admiralty law. Hughes was elected president of the Virginia Bar Association in 1895 and of the Norfolk and Portsmouth Bar Association in 1907. In 1926 he was appointed by the Governor to a special commission created to suggest revisions to the Virginia constitution.\nHughes was a lifelong Republican, following the lead of his father who had been one of the first prominent Virginians to turn Republican during the Reconstruction period. This affiliation would not prove very rewarding for him. An unsuccessful Republican candidate for congress in 1902 and 1904, Hughes also failed in several attempts to be appointed to federal judgeships, beginning in 1897 when he sought to succeed his father as a judge in the district court at Norfolk, Hughes was a staunch conservative and the last years of his life found him ardently opposing the New Deal in general and Roosevelt's attacks on the Supreme Court in particular.\nWhile Hughes never held elective office he served his community in many other ways. Besides his long tenure on the Board of Visitors of William and Mary, he sat on the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library from 1912 to 1938--he was president after 1921--and was a member of the State Board of Education from 1930 until 1935 when he resigned because of failing health. Hughes was also an active member of Christ Church (Episcopal) in Norfolk where he served as a vestryman from 1884 to 1928.\nHughes' major avocation, especially in later life, was that of amateur historian. His main interest was Virginia history and, within this field, the roles played by members of his own family. He felt particularly duty bound to defend the reputations of two close relatives: Gov. John B. Floyd (1806-1863), his adoptive maternal grandfather, and Gen. Joseph E. Johnston (1807-1891), U.S.A., C.S.A., his maternal great uncle. Johnston had in fact asked Hughes to write his official biography, a work which was published by Appleton in 1893. As a result of his commitment Hughes expended much time and energy writing articles and letters refuting \"incorrect\" statements by various authors which had directly or indirectly denigrated the careers or questioned the integrity of either man.\nRobert Morton Hughes died on January 15, 1940. He was survived by his wife - Mattie L. Smith Hughes, a son - Robert M. Hughes, Jr., and two grandchildren -Robert M. Hughes III and Carolyn Wright Hughes. A second son, Sydney Smith Hughes, had died in 1923.","Note written by Janice Halecki"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Robert Morton Hughes Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Robert Morton Hughes Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOther papers related to Robert Morton Hughes can also be found in the Earl Gregg Swem Library at William \u0026amp; Mary (Mss. 65 H88 and UA 5.013).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Other papers related to Robert Morton Hughes can also be found in the Earl Gregg Swem Library at William \u0026 Mary (Mss. 65 H88 and UA 5.013)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Hughes Papers are divided into three major sections. The first section contains Hughes' personal and political correspondence, speeches, literary efforts, small amounts of material related to his legal practice and to his involvement in Virginia political affairs (included is his participation in the Constitutional Commission of 1926-1927), and considerable material about his activities in support of education. Of particular note in this last area are his longtime association with the College of William and Mary (1870-1940) and his service on the State Board of Education (1930-1935).\nThe second section consists of correspondence and other papers originally belonging to certain of Hughes' relatives. Some of the correspondence goes back to the late 18th century. The major figures are Hughes' father Judge R. W. Hughes (d. 1901). his mother Eliza Johnston Hughes (d. 1908), his adoptive maternal grandfather John B. Floyd, (1806-1863) and his maternal great uncle Joseph E. Johnston, (1807-1891). Judge Hughes was one of the first prominent Virginian's to turn Republican in the post-Civil War Period; Floyd was Governor of Virginia (1849-1852), Secretary of War under Buchanan (1857-1860), and a general in the Confederate army (1861-1863); Johnston was a general in both the U.S. and Confederate armies (1860-1865). Among Hughes' papers are a number of incomplete drafts of Johnston's published war memoirs.\nThe third section consists of correspondence and other material related to Hughes' extensive activity as an amateur historian. The central topics are the careers of Gen. Johnston and Governor Floyd and after that Virginia and southern history in general.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Hughes Papers are divided into three major sections. The first section contains Hughes' personal and political correspondence, speeches, literary efforts, small amounts of material related to his legal practice and to his involvement in Virginia political affairs (included is his participation in the Constitutional Commission of 1926-1927), and considerable material about his activities in support of education. Of particular note in this last area are his longtime association with the College of William and Mary (1870-1940) and his service on the State Board of Education (1930-1935).\nThe second section consists of correspondence and other papers originally belonging to certain of Hughes' relatives. Some of the correspondence goes back to the late 18th century. The major figures are Hughes' father Judge R. W. Hughes (d. 1901). his mother Eliza Johnston Hughes (d. 1908), his adoptive maternal grandfather John B. Floyd, (1806-1863) and his maternal great uncle Joseph E. Johnston, (1807-1891). Judge Hughes was one of the first prominent Virginian's to turn Republican in the post-Civil War Period; Floyd was Governor of Virginia (1849-1852), Secretary of War under Buchanan (1857-1860), and a general in the Confederate army (1861-1863); Johnston was a general in both the U.S. and Confederate armies (1860-1865). Among Hughes' papers are a number of incomplete drafts of Johnston's published war memoirs.\nThe third section consists of correspondence and other material related to Hughes' extensive activity as an amateur historian. The central topics are the careers of Gen. Johnston and Governor Floyd and after that Virginia and southern history in general."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_9a777b5c2ba309cf2d25740d88fcbe63\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eContains personal and political correspondence regarding his legal practice, involvement in Virginia politics and his activities in support of education. Had longtime association with the College of William and Mary, served on the State Board of Education and the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library. Significant aspect of this collection is the papers of his family, Governor John B. Floyd, General Joseph E. Johnston, and Judge Robert W. Hughes, important public figures before, during, and after the Civil War.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Contains personal and political correspondence regarding his legal practice, involvement in Virginia politics and his activities in support of education. Had longtime association with the College of William and Mary, served on the State Board of Education and the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library. Significant aspect of this collection is the papers of his family, Governor John B. Floyd, General Joseph E. Johnston, and Judge Robert W. Hughes, important public figures before, during, and after the Civil War."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Virginia. State Board of Education"],"names_coll_ssim":["College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Virginia. State Board of Education","Hughes family","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston) (1807-1891)","Floyd, John B. (John Buchanan) (1806-1863)","Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)"],"famname_ssim":["Hughes family"],"persname_ssim":["Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston) (1807-1891)","Floyd, John B. (John Buchanan) (1806-1863)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Virginia. State Board of Education","Hughes family","Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston) (1807-1891)","Floyd, John B. (John Buchanan) (1806-1863)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":639,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:36.932Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c13"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_36_c12","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Series XII: Oversize Newspapers, 1817/1932","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_36_c12#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis series includes copies of old newspapers. These have been arranged by state and then alphabetically by place of publication. Newspapers of particular interest include three issues of the Daily Quincy Herald (1878, 1882 and 1919) and three issues of the Quincy Daily Whig (1882).\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_36_c12#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_36_c12","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_5_resources_36_c12"],"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_36_c12","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_36","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_36","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_36","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_36","parent_ssim":["James Washington Singleton Papers, 1770/1975, bulk 1850/1920"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_36"],"title_filing_ssi":"Series XII: Oversize Newspapers","title_ssm":["Series XII: Oversize Newspapers"],"title_tesim":["Series XII: Oversize Newspapers"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Series XII: Oversize Newspapers, 1817/1932"],"text":["Series XII: Oversize Newspapers, 1817/1932","James Washington Singleton Papers, 1770/1975, bulk 1850/1920","This series includes copies of old newspapers. These have been arranged by state and then alphabetically by place of publication. Newspapers of particular interest include three issues of the Daily Quincy Herald (1878, 1882 and 1919) and three issues of the Quincy Daily Whig (1882)."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["James Washington Singleton Papers, 1770/1975, bulk 1850/1920"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["James Washington Singleton Papers, 1770/1975, bulk 1850/1920"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1817/1932"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1817-1932, undated"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":716,"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["James Washington Singleton Papers, 1770/1975, bulk 1850/1920"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":10,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open to researchers without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis series includes copies of old newspapers. These have been arranged by state and then alphabetically by place of publication. Newspapers of particular interest include three issues of the Daily Quincy Herald (1878, 1882 and 1919) and three issues of the Quincy Daily Whig (1882).\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This series includes copies of old newspapers. These have been arranged by state and then alphabetically by place of publication. Newspapers of particular interest include three issues of the Daily Quincy Herald (1878, 1882 and 1919) and three issues of the Quincy Daily Whig (1882)."],"_nest_path_":"/components#11","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:36.932Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_36","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_36","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_36","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_36","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_36.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/36","title_filing_ssi":"Singleton, James Washington","title_ssm":["James Washington Singleton Papers"],"title_tesim":["James Washington Singleton Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1770-1975, undated","1850-1920","Date acquired: 01/14/1977"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1770-1975, undated"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1850-1920"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 01/14/1977"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1770/1975, bulk 1850/1920"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James Washington Singleton Papers, 1770/1975, bulk 1850/1920"],"text":["James Washington Singleton Papers, 1770/1975, bulk 1850/1920","MG 10","/repositories/5/resources/36","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Copperhead movement","Politicians--Illinois","The collection is open to researchers without restrictions.","The collection is organized into eleven series: Series I: Correspondence; Series II: Legal and Government Documents; Series III: Financial and Bookkeeping RecordsSeries IV: Business Papers; Series V: Miscellaneous Material; Series VI: Speeches; Series VII: Miscellany; Series VIII: Memorabilia; Series IX: Newspaper clippings; Series X: Publications; and Series XI: Photographs.","James Washington Singleton was born on November 23, 1811 at \"Paxton\" in Frederick County, Virginia, the estate of his father, General James Singleton. After attending the academy in Winchester, Virginia, Singleton moved to Kentucky in 1828. He married Mathilde Caves who died in 1832. Singleton pursued the study and practice of medicine in Kentucky. Later he married Ann Craig of Lexington, Kentucky. About 1834 he settled at Mount Sterling, Illinois. He commenced the study of law in Mount Sterling and was admitted to the Illinois bar in 1841. During these years the Singletons had a son, James Washington, Jr. but he died in infancy. Ann Craig Singleton also died about 1840.","James Washington Singleton began to distinguish himself in public service during the 1840's. In the \"war\" against the Mormons he was in command of a military company and he was later commissioned a brigadier-general of militia by Governor Ford of Illinois for his services in the Mormon War. He married Parthenia McDonald on April 9, 1844. He had two children by his third wife: Louise(Lily) born in 1857 and James J. Singleton born in 1860. In 1847 he was elected to represent his county in a constitutional convention. He served in the Illinois legislature representing Schuyler(Brown) County from 1850 to 1854.\nThe Singletons moved to Quincy where James Washington practiced law and became active in politics. He served in the state legislature from 1860 to 1862. He also represented Quincy in the state Constitutional convention of 1861.","During the Civil War Singleton may be most accurately characterized as a Peace Democrat who maintained close ties with President Lincoln. He had met Lincoln while he was in legal practice in Illinois in the 1840's. Their friendship lasted until Lincoln's death although they held different positions on the principal political issues of the time. Singleton apparently held informal \"negotiations\" with several people in Richmond including President Jefferson Davis and General Robert E. Lee. Lincoln did not give official sanction to these talks but was ready to recognize them if satisfactory Confederate proposals should emerge from the negotiations. Singleton died at home on April 4, 1892.","The collection consists of family papers spanning the lifetime of five generations of Singleton descendants. The collection includes papers of James Singleton, the father of James W. Singleton; James W. Singleton; Lily Singleton Thomas Osburn, the daughter of James W. Singleton; the Thomas children, the grandchildren of James W. Singleton; and Judith Ball Wysong Cofer, the great-granddaughter of James W. Singleton. The bulk of the collection concerns the lives of James Singleton, James W. Singleton and Lily Singleton Thomas Osburn.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Prominent Peace Democrat from Illinois during the Civil War. Served in the United States House of Representatives (1879-1883). Contains family papers spanning five generations, dating from 1770 to 1975. Includes correspondence, business papers, military papers, newspaper clippings, and photographs.","ODU Community Collections","United States. Congress. House","Singleton family","Singleton, James Washington (1811-1892)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["James Washington Singleton Papers, 1770/1975, bulk 1850/1920"],"collection_ssim":["James Washington Singleton Papers, 1770/1975, bulk 1850/1920"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 10","/repositories/5/resources/36"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 10","/repositories/5/resources/36"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865"],"geogname_ssim":["United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865"],"places_ssim":["United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865"],"creator_ssm":["Singleton, James Washington (1811-1892)"],"creator_ssim":["Singleton, James Washington (1811-1892)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Singleton, James Washington (1811-1892)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","United States. Congress. House"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Singleton family"],"creators_ssim":["Singleton, James Washington (1811-1892)","ODU Community Collections","United States. Congress. House","Singleton family"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Mrs. Judith Ball Wysong Cofer","Gift. Accession #A77-5"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Copperhead movement","Politicians--Illinois"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Copperhead movement","Politicians--Illinois"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["20.80 Linear Feet","35 Hollinger document cases; 1 clamshell box, 2 oversized boxes boxes"],"extent_tesim":["20.80 Linear Feet","35 Hollinger document cases; 1 clamshell box, 2 oversized boxes boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1977],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to researchers without restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into eleven series: Series I: Correspondence; Series II: Legal and Government Documents; Series III: Financial and Bookkeeping RecordsSeries IV: Business Papers; Series V: Miscellaneous Material; Series VI: Speeches; Series VII: Miscellany; Series VIII: Memorabilia; Series IX: Newspaper clippings; Series X: Publications; and Series XI: Photographs.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into eleven series: Series I: Correspondence; Series II: Legal and Government Documents; Series III: Financial and Bookkeeping RecordsSeries IV: Business Papers; Series V: Miscellaneous Material; Series VI: Speeches; Series VII: Miscellany; Series VIII: Memorabilia; Series IX: Newspaper clippings; Series X: Publications; and Series XI: Photographs."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames Washington Singleton was born on November 23, 1811 at \"Paxton\" in Frederick County, Virginia, the estate of his father, General James Singleton. After attending the academy in Winchester, Virginia, Singleton moved to Kentucky in 1828. He married Mathilde Caves who died in 1832. Singleton pursued the study and practice of medicine in Kentucky. Later he married Ann Craig of Lexington, Kentucky. About 1834 he settled at Mount Sterling, Illinois. He commenced the study of law in Mount Sterling and was admitted to the Illinois bar in 1841. During these years the Singletons had a son, James Washington, Jr. but he died in infancy. Ann Craig Singleton also died about 1840.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJames Washington Singleton began to distinguish himself in public service during the 1840's. In the \"war\" against the Mormons he was in command of a military company and he was later commissioned a brigadier-general of militia by Governor Ford of Illinois for his services in the Mormon War. He married Parthenia McDonald on April 9, 1844. He had two children by his third wife: Louise(Lily) born in 1857 and James J. Singleton born in 1860. In 1847 he was elected to represent his county in a constitutional convention. He served in the Illinois legislature representing Schuyler(Brown) County from 1850 to 1854.\nThe Singletons moved to Quincy where James Washington practiced law and became active in politics. He served in the state legislature from 1860 to 1862. He also represented Quincy in the state Constitutional convention of 1861. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the Civil War Singleton may be most accurately characterized as a Peace Democrat who maintained close ties with President Lincoln. He had met Lincoln while he was in legal practice in Illinois in the 1840's. Their friendship lasted until Lincoln's death although they held different positions on the principal political issues of the time. Singleton apparently held informal \"negotiations\" with several people in Richmond including President Jefferson Davis and General Robert E. Lee. Lincoln did not give official sanction to these talks but was ready to recognize them if satisfactory Confederate proposals should emerge from the negotiations. Singleton died at home on April 4, 1892.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["James Washington Singleton was born on November 23, 1811 at \"Paxton\" in Frederick County, Virginia, the estate of his father, General James Singleton. After attending the academy in Winchester, Virginia, Singleton moved to Kentucky in 1828. He married Mathilde Caves who died in 1832. Singleton pursued the study and practice of medicine in Kentucky. Later he married Ann Craig of Lexington, Kentucky. About 1834 he settled at Mount Sterling, Illinois. He commenced the study of law in Mount Sterling and was admitted to the Illinois bar in 1841. During these years the Singletons had a son, James Washington, Jr. but he died in infancy. Ann Craig Singleton also died about 1840.","James Washington Singleton began to distinguish himself in public service during the 1840's. In the \"war\" against the Mormons he was in command of a military company and he was later commissioned a brigadier-general of militia by Governor Ford of Illinois for his services in the Mormon War. He married Parthenia McDonald on April 9, 1844. He had two children by his third wife: Louise(Lily) born in 1857 and James J. Singleton born in 1860. In 1847 he was elected to represent his county in a constitutional convention. He served in the Illinois legislature representing Schuyler(Brown) County from 1850 to 1854.\nThe Singletons moved to Quincy where James Washington practiced law and became active in politics. He served in the state legislature from 1860 to 1862. He also represented Quincy in the state Constitutional convention of 1861.","During the Civil War Singleton may be most accurately characterized as a Peace Democrat who maintained close ties with President Lincoln. He had met Lincoln while he was in legal practice in Illinois in the 1840's. Their friendship lasted until Lincoln's death although they held different positions on the principal political issues of the time. Singleton apparently held informal \"negotiations\" with several people in Richmond including President Jefferson Davis and General Robert E. Lee. Lincoln did not give official sanction to these talks but was ready to recognize them if satisfactory Confederate proposals should emerge from the negotiations. Singleton died at home on April 4, 1892."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], James Washington Singleton Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], James Washington Singleton Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of family papers spanning the lifetime of five generations of Singleton descendants. The collection includes papers of James Singleton, the father of James W. Singleton; James W. Singleton; Lily Singleton Thomas Osburn, the daughter of James W. Singleton; the Thomas children, the grandchildren of James W. Singleton; and Judith Ball Wysong Cofer, the great-granddaughter of James W. Singleton. The bulk of the collection concerns the lives of James Singleton, James W. Singleton and Lily Singleton Thomas Osburn.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of family papers spanning the lifetime of five generations of Singleton descendants. The collection includes papers of James Singleton, the father of James W. Singleton; James W. Singleton; Lily Singleton Thomas Osburn, the daughter of James W. Singleton; the Thomas children, the grandchildren of James W. Singleton; and Judith Ball Wysong Cofer, the great-granddaughter of James W. Singleton. The bulk of the collection concerns the lives of James Singleton, James W. Singleton and Lily Singleton Thomas Osburn."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_534992c8bb5d8b40d5715817c20d8f07\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eProminent Peace Democrat from Illinois during the Civil War. Served in the United States House of Representatives (1879-1883). Contains family papers spanning five generations, dating from 1770 to 1975. Includes correspondence, business papers, military papers, newspaper clippings, and photographs.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Prominent Peace Democrat from Illinois during the Civil War. Served in the United States House of Representatives (1879-1883). Contains family papers spanning five generations, dating from 1770 to 1975. Includes correspondence, business papers, military papers, newspaper clippings, and photographs."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","United States. Congress. House"],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Congress. House","Singleton family","Singleton, James Washington (1811-1892)"],"famname_ssim":["Singleton family"],"persname_ssim":["Singleton, James Washington (1811-1892)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","United States. Congress. House","Singleton family","Singleton, James Washington (1811-1892)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":764,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:36.932Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_36_c12"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c14","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Series XIV: Oversized Materials, 1843/1937","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c14#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eIncludes certificates, diplomas, and scrapbooks focused on the Civil War and Spanish-American War.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c14#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c14","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c14"],"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c14","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","parent_ssim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_67"],"title_filing_ssi":"Series XIV: Oversized Materials","title_ssm":["Series XIV: Oversized Materials"],"title_tesim":["Series XIV: Oversized Materials"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Series XIV: Oversized Materials, 1843/1937"],"text":["Series XIV: Oversized Materials, 1843/1937","Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950","Includes certificates, diplomas, and scrapbooks focused on the Civil War and Spanish-American War."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1843/1937"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1843-1937, undated"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":597,"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":5,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIncludes certificates, diplomas, and scrapbooks focused on the Civil War and Spanish-American War.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Includes certificates, diplomas, and scrapbooks focused on the Civil War and Spanish-American War."],"_nest_path_":"/components#13","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:36.932Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_67","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_67.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/67","title_filing_ssi":"Hughes, Robert Morton","title_ssm":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers"],"title_tesim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1754-1950, undated","Date acquired: 05/19/1976"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1754-1950, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 05/19/1976"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1754/1950"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"text":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950","MG 7","/repositories/5/resources/67","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Lawyers--Virginia--Norfolk","Confederate States of America. Army","Open to researchers without restrictions.","Additional accessions made in 1980 and 1983.","The Hughes collection is divided into 14 series: Series I: Personal Correspondence; Series II: Financial Records; Series III: Speeches; Series IV: Writings; Series V: Legal Practice; Series VI: Politics; Series VII: Education; Series VIII: Memorabilia; Series IX: Photographs; Series X: Family Papers; Series XI: Historical Studies; Series XII: Index Cards; Series XIII: Miscellaneous; and Series XIV: Oversized Materials.","Robert Morton Hughes was born on September 10, 1855, in the house of his mother's adoptive parents, Gov. John B. Floyd and Sally Preston Floyd at Abingdon in southwestern Virginia. Through his parents, Robert W. Hughes and Eliza Johnston Hughes, he was related to many of Western Virginia's prominent families, including the Prestons, Johnstons, Mortons, and Floyds. Hughes lived in Washington, D.C. and Richmond while still a child but spent most of his early life in Abingdon. He was educated there, largely by private tutors.\nHughes entered the College of William and Mary in 1870 at the age of 15 and graduated with an A. B. degree in 1873. His association with William and Mary would continue throughout his adult life. Hughes served on the college's Board of Visitors from 1893 to 1918 and was rector from 1905 to 1918. He was also an active fundraiser for the college and was instrumental in the establishment of its Marshall-Wythe School of Government and Citizenship. In 1920 his grateful alma mater awarded him an honorary doctor of laws degree while in 1959 the library of the Norfolk branch of William and Mary (now Old Dominion University) was named in his memory.\nHughes also attended the University of Virginia where he studied law and earned a M.A. degree in 1877. After being admitted to the bar this same year, Hughes set up practice in Norfolk, Virginia, where he would continue to work until his retirement in 1920. His specialty was admiralty law. Hughes was elected president of the Virginia Bar Association in 1895 and of the Norfolk and Portsmouth Bar Association in 1907. In 1926 he was appointed by the Governor to a special commission created to suggest revisions to the Virginia constitution.\nHughes was a lifelong Republican, following the lead of his father who had been one of the first prominent Virginians to turn Republican during the Reconstruction period. This affiliation would not prove very rewarding for him. An unsuccessful Republican candidate for congress in 1902 and 1904, Hughes also failed in several attempts to be appointed to federal judgeships, beginning in 1897 when he sought to succeed his father as a judge in the district court at Norfolk, Hughes was a staunch conservative and the last years of his life found him ardently opposing the New Deal in general and Roosevelt's attacks on the Supreme Court in particular.\nWhile Hughes never held elective office he served his community in many other ways. Besides his long tenure on the Board of Visitors of William and Mary, he sat on the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library from 1912 to 1938--he was president after 1921--and was a member of the State Board of Education from 1930 until 1935 when he resigned because of failing health. Hughes was also an active member of Christ Church (Episcopal) in Norfolk where he served as a vestryman from 1884 to 1928.\nHughes' major avocation, especially in later life, was that of amateur historian. His main interest was Virginia history and, within this field, the roles played by members of his own family. He felt particularly duty bound to defend the reputations of two close relatives: Gov. John B. Floyd (1806-1863), his adoptive maternal grandfather, and Gen. Joseph E. Johnston (1807-1891), U.S.A., C.S.A., his maternal great uncle. Johnston had in fact asked Hughes to write his official biography, a work which was published by Appleton in 1893. As a result of his commitment Hughes expended much time and energy writing articles and letters refuting \"incorrect\" statements by various authors which had directly or indirectly denigrated the careers or questioned the integrity of either man.\nRobert Morton Hughes died on January 15, 1940. He was survived by his wife - Mattie L. Smith Hughes, a son - Robert M. Hughes, Jr., and two grandchildren -Robert M. Hughes III and Carolyn Wright Hughes. A second son, Sydney Smith Hughes, had died in 1923.","Note written by Janice Halecki","Other papers related to Robert Morton Hughes can also be found in the Earl Gregg Swem Library at William \u0026 Mary (Mss. 65 H88 and UA 5.013).","The Hughes Papers are divided into three major sections. The first section contains Hughes' personal and political correspondence, speeches, literary efforts, small amounts of material related to his legal practice and to his involvement in Virginia political affairs (included is his participation in the Constitutional Commission of 1926-1927), and considerable material about his activities in support of education. Of particular note in this last area are his longtime association with the College of William and Mary (1870-1940) and his service on the State Board of Education (1930-1935).\nThe second section consists of correspondence and other papers originally belonging to certain of Hughes' relatives. Some of the correspondence goes back to the late 18th century. The major figures are Hughes' father Judge R. W. Hughes (d. 1901). his mother Eliza Johnston Hughes (d. 1908), his adoptive maternal grandfather John B. Floyd, (1806-1863) and his maternal great uncle Joseph E. Johnston, (1807-1891). Judge Hughes was one of the first prominent Virginian's to turn Republican in the post-Civil War Period; Floyd was Governor of Virginia (1849-1852), Secretary of War under Buchanan (1857-1860), and a general in the Confederate army (1861-1863); Johnston was a general in both the U.S. and Confederate armies (1860-1865). Among Hughes' papers are a number of incomplete drafts of Johnston's published war memoirs.\nThe third section consists of correspondence and other material related to Hughes' extensive activity as an amateur historian. The central topics are the careers of Gen. Johnston and Governor Floyd and after that Virginia and southern history in general.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Contains personal and political correspondence regarding his legal practice, involvement in Virginia politics and his activities in support of education. Had longtime association with the College of William and Mary, served on the State Board of Education and the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library. Significant aspect of this collection is the papers of his family, Governor John B. Floyd, General Joseph E. Johnston, and Judge Robert W. Hughes, important public figures before, during, and after the Civil War.","ODU Community Collections","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Virginia. State Board of Education","Hughes family","Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston) (1807-1891)","Floyd, John B. (John Buchanan) (1806-1863)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"collection_ssim":["Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1754/1950"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 7","/repositories/5/resources/67"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 7","/repositories/5/resources/67"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865"],"geogname_ssim":["United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865"],"places_ssim":["United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865"],"creator_ssm":["Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)"],"creator_ssim":["Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston) (1807-1891)","Floyd, John B. (John Buchanan) (1806-1863)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Virginia. State Board of Education"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Hughes family"],"creators_ssim":["Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston) (1807-1891)","Floyd, John B. (John Buchanan) (1806-1863)","ODU Community Collections","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Virginia. State Board of Education","Hughes family"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Hughes Family","Gift. Accession #A76-18"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Lawyers--Virginia--Norfolk","Confederate States of America. Army"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Lawyers--Virginia--Norfolk","Confederate States of America. Army"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["20.40 Linear Feet","29 Hollinger document cases, 4 oversize boxes, 1 oversize folder boxes"],"extent_tesim":["20.40 Linear Feet","29 Hollinger document cases, 4 oversize boxes, 1 oversize folder boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1976],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional accessions made in 1980 and 1983.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals and Additions"],"accruals_tesim":["Additional accessions made in 1980 and 1983."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Hughes collection is divided into 14 series: Series I: Personal Correspondence; Series II: Financial Records; Series III: Speeches; Series IV: Writings; Series V: Legal Practice; Series VI: Politics; Series VII: Education; Series VIII: Memorabilia; Series IX: Photographs; Series X: Family Papers; Series XI: Historical Studies; Series XII: Index Cards; Series XIII: Miscellaneous; and Series XIV: Oversized Materials.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Hughes collection is divided into 14 series: Series I: Personal Correspondence; Series II: Financial Records; Series III: Speeches; Series IV: Writings; Series V: Legal Practice; Series VI: Politics; Series VII: Education; Series VIII: Memorabilia; Series IX: Photographs; Series X: Family Papers; Series XI: Historical Studies; Series XII: Index Cards; Series XIII: Miscellaneous; and Series XIV: Oversized Materials."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobert Morton Hughes was born on September 10, 1855, in the house of his mother's adoptive parents, Gov. John B. Floyd and Sally Preston Floyd at Abingdon in southwestern Virginia. Through his parents, Robert W. Hughes and Eliza Johnston Hughes, he was related to many of Western Virginia's prominent families, including the Prestons, Johnstons, Mortons, and Floyds. Hughes lived in Washington, D.C. and Richmond while still a child but spent most of his early life in Abingdon. He was educated there, largely by private tutors.\nHughes entered the College of William and Mary in 1870 at the age of 15 and graduated with an A. B. degree in 1873. His association with William and Mary would continue throughout his adult life. Hughes served on the college's Board of Visitors from 1893 to 1918 and was rector from 1905 to 1918. He was also an active fundraiser for the college and was instrumental in the establishment of its Marshall-Wythe School of Government and Citizenship. In 1920 his grateful alma mater awarded him an honorary doctor of laws degree while in 1959 the library of the Norfolk branch of William and Mary (now Old Dominion University) was named in his memory.\nHughes also attended the University of Virginia where he studied law and earned a M.A. degree in 1877. After being admitted to the bar this same year, Hughes set up practice in Norfolk, Virginia, where he would continue to work until his retirement in 1920. His specialty was admiralty law. Hughes was elected president of the Virginia Bar Association in 1895 and of the Norfolk and Portsmouth Bar Association in 1907. In 1926 he was appointed by the Governor to a special commission created to suggest revisions to the Virginia constitution.\nHughes was a lifelong Republican, following the lead of his father who had been one of the first prominent Virginians to turn Republican during the Reconstruction period. This affiliation would not prove very rewarding for him. An unsuccessful Republican candidate for congress in 1902 and 1904, Hughes also failed in several attempts to be appointed to federal judgeships, beginning in 1897 when he sought to succeed his father as a judge in the district court at Norfolk, Hughes was a staunch conservative and the last years of his life found him ardently opposing the New Deal in general and Roosevelt's attacks on the Supreme Court in particular.\nWhile Hughes never held elective office he served his community in many other ways. Besides his long tenure on the Board of Visitors of William and Mary, he sat on the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library from 1912 to 1938--he was president after 1921--and was a member of the State Board of Education from 1930 until 1935 when he resigned because of failing health. Hughes was also an active member of Christ Church (Episcopal) in Norfolk where he served as a vestryman from 1884 to 1928.\nHughes' major avocation, especially in later life, was that of amateur historian. His main interest was Virginia history and, within this field, the roles played by members of his own family. He felt particularly duty bound to defend the reputations of two close relatives: Gov. John B. Floyd (1806-1863), his adoptive maternal grandfather, and Gen. Joseph E. Johnston (1807-1891), U.S.A., C.S.A., his maternal great uncle. Johnston had in fact asked Hughes to write his official biography, a work which was published by Appleton in 1893. As a result of his commitment Hughes expended much time and energy writing articles and letters refuting \"incorrect\" statements by various authors which had directly or indirectly denigrated the careers or questioned the integrity of either man.\nRobert Morton Hughes died on January 15, 1940. He was survived by his wife - Mattie L. Smith Hughes, a son - Robert M. Hughes, Jr., and two grandchildren -Robert M. Hughes III and Carolyn Wright Hughes. A second son, Sydney Smith Hughes, had died in 1923.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Janice Halecki\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert Morton Hughes was born on September 10, 1855, in the house of his mother's adoptive parents, Gov. John B. Floyd and Sally Preston Floyd at Abingdon in southwestern Virginia. Through his parents, Robert W. Hughes and Eliza Johnston Hughes, he was related to many of Western Virginia's prominent families, including the Prestons, Johnstons, Mortons, and Floyds. Hughes lived in Washington, D.C. and Richmond while still a child but spent most of his early life in Abingdon. He was educated there, largely by private tutors.\nHughes entered the College of William and Mary in 1870 at the age of 15 and graduated with an A. B. degree in 1873. His association with William and Mary would continue throughout his adult life. Hughes served on the college's Board of Visitors from 1893 to 1918 and was rector from 1905 to 1918. He was also an active fundraiser for the college and was instrumental in the establishment of its Marshall-Wythe School of Government and Citizenship. In 1920 his grateful alma mater awarded him an honorary doctor of laws degree while in 1959 the library of the Norfolk branch of William and Mary (now Old Dominion University) was named in his memory.\nHughes also attended the University of Virginia where he studied law and earned a M.A. degree in 1877. After being admitted to the bar this same year, Hughes set up practice in Norfolk, Virginia, where he would continue to work until his retirement in 1920. His specialty was admiralty law. Hughes was elected president of the Virginia Bar Association in 1895 and of the Norfolk and Portsmouth Bar Association in 1907. In 1926 he was appointed by the Governor to a special commission created to suggest revisions to the Virginia constitution.\nHughes was a lifelong Republican, following the lead of his father who had been one of the first prominent Virginians to turn Republican during the Reconstruction period. This affiliation would not prove very rewarding for him. An unsuccessful Republican candidate for congress in 1902 and 1904, Hughes also failed in several attempts to be appointed to federal judgeships, beginning in 1897 when he sought to succeed his father as a judge in the district court at Norfolk, Hughes was a staunch conservative and the last years of his life found him ardently opposing the New Deal in general and Roosevelt's attacks on the Supreme Court in particular.\nWhile Hughes never held elective office he served his community in many other ways. Besides his long tenure on the Board of Visitors of William and Mary, he sat on the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library from 1912 to 1938--he was president after 1921--and was a member of the State Board of Education from 1930 until 1935 when he resigned because of failing health. Hughes was also an active member of Christ Church (Episcopal) in Norfolk where he served as a vestryman from 1884 to 1928.\nHughes' major avocation, especially in later life, was that of amateur historian. His main interest was Virginia history and, within this field, the roles played by members of his own family. He felt particularly duty bound to defend the reputations of two close relatives: Gov. John B. Floyd (1806-1863), his adoptive maternal grandfather, and Gen. Joseph E. Johnston (1807-1891), U.S.A., C.S.A., his maternal great uncle. Johnston had in fact asked Hughes to write his official biography, a work which was published by Appleton in 1893. As a result of his commitment Hughes expended much time and energy writing articles and letters refuting \"incorrect\" statements by various authors which had directly or indirectly denigrated the careers or questioned the integrity of either man.\nRobert Morton Hughes died on January 15, 1940. He was survived by his wife - Mattie L. Smith Hughes, a son - Robert M. Hughes, Jr., and two grandchildren -Robert M. Hughes III and Carolyn Wright Hughes. A second son, Sydney Smith Hughes, had died in 1923.","Note written by Janice Halecki"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Robert Morton Hughes Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Robert Morton Hughes Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOther papers related to Robert Morton Hughes can also be found in the Earl Gregg Swem Library at William \u0026amp; Mary (Mss. 65 H88 and UA 5.013).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Other papers related to Robert Morton Hughes can also be found in the Earl Gregg Swem Library at William \u0026 Mary (Mss. 65 H88 and UA 5.013)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Hughes Papers are divided into three major sections. The first section contains Hughes' personal and political correspondence, speeches, literary efforts, small amounts of material related to his legal practice and to his involvement in Virginia political affairs (included is his participation in the Constitutional Commission of 1926-1927), and considerable material about his activities in support of education. Of particular note in this last area are his longtime association with the College of William and Mary (1870-1940) and his service on the State Board of Education (1930-1935).\nThe second section consists of correspondence and other papers originally belonging to certain of Hughes' relatives. Some of the correspondence goes back to the late 18th century. The major figures are Hughes' father Judge R. W. Hughes (d. 1901). his mother Eliza Johnston Hughes (d. 1908), his adoptive maternal grandfather John B. Floyd, (1806-1863) and his maternal great uncle Joseph E. Johnston, (1807-1891). Judge Hughes was one of the first prominent Virginian's to turn Republican in the post-Civil War Period; Floyd was Governor of Virginia (1849-1852), Secretary of War under Buchanan (1857-1860), and a general in the Confederate army (1861-1863); Johnston was a general in both the U.S. and Confederate armies (1860-1865). Among Hughes' papers are a number of incomplete drafts of Johnston's published war memoirs.\nThe third section consists of correspondence and other material related to Hughes' extensive activity as an amateur historian. The central topics are the careers of Gen. Johnston and Governor Floyd and after that Virginia and southern history in general.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Hughes Papers are divided into three major sections. The first section contains Hughes' personal and political correspondence, speeches, literary efforts, small amounts of material related to his legal practice and to his involvement in Virginia political affairs (included is his participation in the Constitutional Commission of 1926-1927), and considerable material about his activities in support of education. Of particular note in this last area are his longtime association with the College of William and Mary (1870-1940) and his service on the State Board of Education (1930-1935).\nThe second section consists of correspondence and other papers originally belonging to certain of Hughes' relatives. Some of the correspondence goes back to the late 18th century. The major figures are Hughes' father Judge R. W. Hughes (d. 1901). his mother Eliza Johnston Hughes (d. 1908), his adoptive maternal grandfather John B. Floyd, (1806-1863) and his maternal great uncle Joseph E. Johnston, (1807-1891). Judge Hughes was one of the first prominent Virginian's to turn Republican in the post-Civil War Period; Floyd was Governor of Virginia (1849-1852), Secretary of War under Buchanan (1857-1860), and a general in the Confederate army (1861-1863); Johnston was a general in both the U.S. and Confederate armies (1860-1865). Among Hughes' papers are a number of incomplete drafts of Johnston's published war memoirs.\nThe third section consists of correspondence and other material related to Hughes' extensive activity as an amateur historian. The central topics are the careers of Gen. Johnston and Governor Floyd and after that Virginia and southern history in general."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_9a777b5c2ba309cf2d25740d88fcbe63\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eContains personal and political correspondence regarding his legal practice, involvement in Virginia politics and his activities in support of education. Had longtime association with the College of William and Mary, served on the State Board of Education and the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library. Significant aspect of this collection is the papers of his family, Governor John B. Floyd, General Joseph E. Johnston, and Judge Robert W. Hughes, important public figures before, during, and after the Civil War.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Contains personal and political correspondence regarding his legal practice, involvement in Virginia politics and his activities in support of education. Had longtime association with the College of William and Mary, served on the State Board of Education and the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Public Library. Significant aspect of this collection is the papers of his family, Governor John B. Floyd, General Joseph E. Johnston, and Judge Robert W. Hughes, important public figures before, during, and after the Civil War."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Virginia. State Board of Education"],"names_coll_ssim":["College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Virginia. State Board of Education","Hughes family","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston) (1807-1891)","Floyd, John B. (John Buchanan) (1806-1863)","Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)"],"famname_ssim":["Hughes family"],"persname_ssim":["Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston) (1807-1891)","Floyd, John B. (John Buchanan) (1806-1863)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","Virginia. State Board of Education","Hughes family","Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton) (1855-1940)","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston) (1807-1891)","Floyd, John B. (John Buchanan) (1806-1863)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":639,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:36.932Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_67_c14"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_36_c10","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Series X: Publications, 1802/1945","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_36_c10#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis series contains books, pamphlets, and other publications collected by the Singleton family. Most of the titles are related to history, languages, and writing but there are also issues of Harper's Monthly in 1856 and 1883. Within each sub-series the titles are arranged alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_36_c10#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_36_c10","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_5_resources_36_c10"],"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_36_c10","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_36","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_36","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_36","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_36","parent_ssim":["James Washington Singleton Papers, 1770/1975, bulk 1850/1920"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_36"],"title_filing_ssi":"Series X: Publications","title_ssm":["Series X: Publications"],"title_tesim":["Series X: Publications"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Series X: Publications, 1802/1945"],"text":["Series X: Publications, 1802/1945","James Washington Singleton Papers, 1770/1975, bulk 1850/1920","This series contains books, pamphlets, and other publications collected by the Singleton family. Most of the titles are related to history, languages, and writing but there are also issues of Harper's Monthly in 1856 and 1883. Within each sub-series the titles are arranged alphabetically."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["James Washington Singleton Papers, 1770/1975, bulk 1850/1920"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["James Washington Singleton Papers, 1770/1975, bulk 1850/1920"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1802/1945"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1802-1945, undated"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":616,"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["James Washington Singleton Papers, 1770/1975, bulk 1850/1920"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":2,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open to researchers without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis series contains books, pamphlets, and other publications collected by the Singleton family. Most of the titles are related to history, languages, and writing but there are also issues of Harper's Monthly in 1856 and 1883. Within each sub-series the titles are arranged alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This series contains books, pamphlets, and other publications collected by the Singleton family. Most of the titles are related to history, languages, and writing but there are also issues of Harper's Monthly in 1856 and 1883. Within each sub-series the titles are arranged alphabetically."],"_nest_path_":"/components#9","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:36.932Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_36","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_36","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_36","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_36","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_36.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/36","title_filing_ssi":"Singleton, James Washington","title_ssm":["James Washington Singleton Papers"],"title_tesim":["James Washington Singleton Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1770-1975, undated","1850-1920","Date acquired: 01/14/1977"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1770-1975, undated"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1850-1920"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 01/14/1977"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1770/1975, bulk 1850/1920"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James Washington Singleton Papers, 1770/1975, bulk 1850/1920"],"text":["James Washington Singleton Papers, 1770/1975, bulk 1850/1920","MG 10","/repositories/5/resources/36","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Copperhead movement","Politicians--Illinois","The collection is open to researchers without restrictions.","The collection is organized into eleven series: Series I: Correspondence; Series II: Legal and Government Documents; Series III: Financial and Bookkeeping RecordsSeries IV: Business Papers; Series V: Miscellaneous Material; Series VI: Speeches; Series VII: Miscellany; Series VIII: Memorabilia; Series IX: Newspaper clippings; Series X: Publications; and Series XI: Photographs.","James Washington Singleton was born on November 23, 1811 at \"Paxton\" in Frederick County, Virginia, the estate of his father, General James Singleton. After attending the academy in Winchester, Virginia, Singleton moved to Kentucky in 1828. He married Mathilde Caves who died in 1832. Singleton pursued the study and practice of medicine in Kentucky. Later he married Ann Craig of Lexington, Kentucky. About 1834 he settled at Mount Sterling, Illinois. He commenced the study of law in Mount Sterling and was admitted to the Illinois bar in 1841. During these years the Singletons had a son, James Washington, Jr. but he died in infancy. Ann Craig Singleton also died about 1840.","James Washington Singleton began to distinguish himself in public service during the 1840's. In the \"war\" against the Mormons he was in command of a military company and he was later commissioned a brigadier-general of militia by Governor Ford of Illinois for his services in the Mormon War. He married Parthenia McDonald on April 9, 1844. He had two children by his third wife: Louise(Lily) born in 1857 and James J. Singleton born in 1860. In 1847 he was elected to represent his county in a constitutional convention. He served in the Illinois legislature representing Schuyler(Brown) County from 1850 to 1854.\nThe Singletons moved to Quincy where James Washington practiced law and became active in politics. He served in the state legislature from 1860 to 1862. He also represented Quincy in the state Constitutional convention of 1861.","During the Civil War Singleton may be most accurately characterized as a Peace Democrat who maintained close ties with President Lincoln. He had met Lincoln while he was in legal practice in Illinois in the 1840's. Their friendship lasted until Lincoln's death although they held different positions on the principal political issues of the time. Singleton apparently held informal \"negotiations\" with several people in Richmond including President Jefferson Davis and General Robert E. Lee. Lincoln did not give official sanction to these talks but was ready to recognize them if satisfactory Confederate proposals should emerge from the negotiations. Singleton died at home on April 4, 1892.","The collection consists of family papers spanning the lifetime of five generations of Singleton descendants. The collection includes papers of James Singleton, the father of James W. Singleton; James W. Singleton; Lily Singleton Thomas Osburn, the daughter of James W. Singleton; the Thomas children, the grandchildren of James W. Singleton; and Judith Ball Wysong Cofer, the great-granddaughter of James W. Singleton. The bulk of the collection concerns the lives of James Singleton, James W. Singleton and Lily Singleton Thomas Osburn.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Prominent Peace Democrat from Illinois during the Civil War. Served in the United States House of Representatives (1879-1883). Contains family papers spanning five generations, dating from 1770 to 1975. Includes correspondence, business papers, military papers, newspaper clippings, and photographs.","ODU Community Collections","United States. Congress. House","Singleton family","Singleton, James Washington (1811-1892)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["James Washington Singleton Papers, 1770/1975, bulk 1850/1920"],"collection_ssim":["James Washington Singleton Papers, 1770/1975, bulk 1850/1920"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 10","/repositories/5/resources/36"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 10","/repositories/5/resources/36"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865"],"geogname_ssim":["United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865"],"places_ssim":["United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865"],"creator_ssm":["Singleton, James Washington (1811-1892)"],"creator_ssim":["Singleton, James Washington (1811-1892)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Singleton, James Washington (1811-1892)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","United States. Congress. House"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Singleton family"],"creators_ssim":["Singleton, James Washington (1811-1892)","ODU Community Collections","United States. Congress. House","Singleton family"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Mrs. Judith Ball Wysong Cofer","Gift. Accession #A77-5"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Copperhead movement","Politicians--Illinois"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Copperhead movement","Politicians--Illinois"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["20.80 Linear Feet","35 Hollinger document cases; 1 clamshell box, 2 oversized boxes boxes"],"extent_tesim":["20.80 Linear Feet","35 Hollinger document cases; 1 clamshell box, 2 oversized boxes boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1977],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to researchers without restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into eleven series: Series I: Correspondence; Series II: Legal and Government Documents; Series III: Financial and Bookkeeping RecordsSeries IV: Business Papers; Series V: Miscellaneous Material; Series VI: Speeches; Series VII: Miscellany; Series VIII: Memorabilia; Series IX: Newspaper clippings; Series X: Publications; and Series XI: Photographs.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into eleven series: Series I: Correspondence; Series II: Legal and Government Documents; Series III: Financial and Bookkeeping RecordsSeries IV: Business Papers; Series V: Miscellaneous Material; Series VI: Speeches; Series VII: Miscellany; Series VIII: Memorabilia; Series IX: Newspaper clippings; Series X: Publications; and Series XI: Photographs."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames Washington Singleton was born on November 23, 1811 at \"Paxton\" in Frederick County, Virginia, the estate of his father, General James Singleton. After attending the academy in Winchester, Virginia, Singleton moved to Kentucky in 1828. He married Mathilde Caves who died in 1832. Singleton pursued the study and practice of medicine in Kentucky. Later he married Ann Craig of Lexington, Kentucky. About 1834 he settled at Mount Sterling, Illinois. He commenced the study of law in Mount Sterling and was admitted to the Illinois bar in 1841. During these years the Singletons had a son, James Washington, Jr. but he died in infancy. Ann Craig Singleton also died about 1840.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJames Washington Singleton began to distinguish himself in public service during the 1840's. In the \"war\" against the Mormons he was in command of a military company and he was later commissioned a brigadier-general of militia by Governor Ford of Illinois for his services in the Mormon War. He married Parthenia McDonald on April 9, 1844. He had two children by his third wife: Louise(Lily) born in 1857 and James J. Singleton born in 1860. In 1847 he was elected to represent his county in a constitutional convention. He served in the Illinois legislature representing Schuyler(Brown) County from 1850 to 1854.\nThe Singletons moved to Quincy where James Washington practiced law and became active in politics. He served in the state legislature from 1860 to 1862. He also represented Quincy in the state Constitutional convention of 1861. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the Civil War Singleton may be most accurately characterized as a Peace Democrat who maintained close ties with President Lincoln. He had met Lincoln while he was in legal practice in Illinois in the 1840's. Their friendship lasted until Lincoln's death although they held different positions on the principal political issues of the time. Singleton apparently held informal \"negotiations\" with several people in Richmond including President Jefferson Davis and General Robert E. Lee. Lincoln did not give official sanction to these talks but was ready to recognize them if satisfactory Confederate proposals should emerge from the negotiations. Singleton died at home on April 4, 1892.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["James Washington Singleton was born on November 23, 1811 at \"Paxton\" in Frederick County, Virginia, the estate of his father, General James Singleton. After attending the academy in Winchester, Virginia, Singleton moved to Kentucky in 1828. He married Mathilde Caves who died in 1832. Singleton pursued the study and practice of medicine in Kentucky. Later he married Ann Craig of Lexington, Kentucky. About 1834 he settled at Mount Sterling, Illinois. He commenced the study of law in Mount Sterling and was admitted to the Illinois bar in 1841. During these years the Singletons had a son, James Washington, Jr. but he died in infancy. Ann Craig Singleton also died about 1840.","James Washington Singleton began to distinguish himself in public service during the 1840's. In the \"war\" against the Mormons he was in command of a military company and he was later commissioned a brigadier-general of militia by Governor Ford of Illinois for his services in the Mormon War. He married Parthenia McDonald on April 9, 1844. He had two children by his third wife: Louise(Lily) born in 1857 and James J. Singleton born in 1860. In 1847 he was elected to represent his county in a constitutional convention. He served in the Illinois legislature representing Schuyler(Brown) County from 1850 to 1854.\nThe Singletons moved to Quincy where James Washington practiced law and became active in politics. He served in the state legislature from 1860 to 1862. He also represented Quincy in the state Constitutional convention of 1861.","During the Civil War Singleton may be most accurately characterized as a Peace Democrat who maintained close ties with President Lincoln. He had met Lincoln while he was in legal practice in Illinois in the 1840's. Their friendship lasted until Lincoln's death although they held different positions on the principal political issues of the time. Singleton apparently held informal \"negotiations\" with several people in Richmond including President Jefferson Davis and General Robert E. Lee. Lincoln did not give official sanction to these talks but was ready to recognize them if satisfactory Confederate proposals should emerge from the negotiations. Singleton died at home on April 4, 1892."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], James Washington Singleton Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], James Washington Singleton Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of family papers spanning the lifetime of five generations of Singleton descendants. The collection includes papers of James Singleton, the father of James W. Singleton; James W. Singleton; Lily Singleton Thomas Osburn, the daughter of James W. Singleton; the Thomas children, the grandchildren of James W. Singleton; and Judith Ball Wysong Cofer, the great-granddaughter of James W. Singleton. The bulk of the collection concerns the lives of James Singleton, James W. Singleton and Lily Singleton Thomas Osburn.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of family papers spanning the lifetime of five generations of Singleton descendants. The collection includes papers of James Singleton, the father of James W. Singleton; James W. Singleton; Lily Singleton Thomas Osburn, the daughter of James W. Singleton; the Thomas children, the grandchildren of James W. Singleton; and Judith Ball Wysong Cofer, the great-granddaughter of James W. Singleton. The bulk of the collection concerns the lives of James Singleton, James W. Singleton and Lily Singleton Thomas Osburn."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_534992c8bb5d8b40d5715817c20d8f07\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eProminent Peace Democrat from Illinois during the Civil War. Served in the United States House of Representatives (1879-1883). Contains family papers spanning five generations, dating from 1770 to 1975. Includes correspondence, business papers, military papers, newspaper clippings, and photographs.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Prominent Peace Democrat from Illinois during the Civil War. Served in the United States House of Representatives (1879-1883). Contains family papers spanning five generations, dating from 1770 to 1975. Includes correspondence, business papers, military papers, newspaper clippings, and photographs."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","United States. Congress. House"],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Congress. House","Singleton family","Singleton, James Washington (1811-1892)"],"famname_ssim":["Singleton family"],"persname_ssim":["Singleton, James Washington (1811-1892)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","United States. Congress. House","Singleton family","Singleton, James Washington (1811-1892)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":764,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:36.932Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_36_c10"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_216","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Strauss Family Papers, 1839/1935","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_216#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Strauss family","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_216#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Collected by Arnold F. Strauss\u003cstrong\u003e.\u003c/strong\u003e Includes personal correspondence, diaries and journals, documents and business papers belonging to the German-Jewish Strauss family. Among the papers are many belonging to Arthur F. Strauss, a respected and successful doctor in Barmen, Germany. He was also a well known poet, art collector, and painter, closely aligned with German Expressionism. German language materials predominate.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_216#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_216","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_216","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_216","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_216","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_216.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/216","title_filing_ssi":"Strauss Family","title_ssm":["Strauss Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Strauss Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1839-1935, undated","Date acquired: 09/24/1976"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1839-1935, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 09/24/1976"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1839/1935"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Strauss Family Papers, 1839/1935"],"text":["Strauss Family Papers, 1839/1935","MG 9","/repositories/5/resources/216","Families--Germany--History--19th Century","Families--Germany--History--20th Century","Jews--Germany--Correspondence","Jews--Germany--History--1933-1945","The collection is open to researchers without restrictions.","The collection is arranged into four series: Series I: Personal Correspondence; Series II: Publications; Series III: Certificates and Legal Documents; and Series IV: Miscellaneous.","Arthur Strauss, the main focus of the collection, was a physician, poet, art collector, and painter. He was born in 1864 in Halle, Westphalia, Germany. His father, Abraham Strauss, was a physician. Arthur studied medicine and received his medical diploma in 1888. He specialized in Dermatology and published a textbook on skin diseases in 1895. He settled in Barmen, Germany where he had a successful medical practice. In 1900 Arthur married Lucy Hertz. Arthur and Lucy traveled extensively throughout Europe and also to the east coast of the United States. Many of the letters in the collection were written during these travels.","Arthur and Lucy had one son, Arnold, in 1902 who also became a physician. Arnold worked as a pathologist at a hospital in Berlin. In 1933 Adolf Hitler came into power in Germany and began to implement his policies against Jews. Because the Strausses were of Jewish ancestry they were subject to these discriminative policies and found it hard to continue to work. In 1933 Arnold and his parents immigrated to the Netherlands. In 1935 Arnold secured a position at St. Vincent's Hospital in Norfolk, Virginia and immigrated to the United States. Arthur who was a very patriotic man and loved Germany greatly, was reluctant to leave Europe. It wasn't until 1938 that he finally gave up hope of returning to Germany and agreed to immigrate to the United States. Thus when Arnold began trying to obtain immigrant visas for them to join him in the United States it was probably too late due to the large numbers of people also trying to leave Europe at the time. He also unsuccessfully tried to obtain an immigration visa for his fiancee, Irmgard Keun, a German author. When the German army invaded the Netherlands in May 1940 the Strauss' became trapped there. Arthur and Lucy Strauss endured four months of the Nazi occupation of the Netherlands. Then after apparently losing hope of being able to join Arnold in the United States, they took their own lives in September 1940. Arnold's long-distance relationship with Keun eventually came to an end as well. In 1941 Arnold married an American, Marjory Ware Spindle. Arnold died in 1965.","Note written by Special Collections Staff","Keun, Irmgard. Ich lebe in einem wilden Wirbel: Briefe an Arnold Strauss 1933 bis 1947. Selected and edited by Gabriele Dries and Marjory S. Strauss. Dusseldorf: Claassen, 1988. In German","The collection contains personal correspondence, publications, diaries and journals, business papers, and other material belonging to the Strauss family, a Jewish family from Germany. The bulk of the collection consists of correspondence between Arthur and Lucy Strauss between the years of 1900 and 1933. Most of the collection is in German.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Collected by Arnold F. Strauss. 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He was born in 1864 in Halle, Westphalia, Germany. His father, Abraham Strauss, was a physician. Arthur studied medicine and received his medical diploma in 1888. He specialized in Dermatology and published a textbook on skin diseases in 1895. He settled in Barmen, Germany where he had a successful medical practice. In 1900 Arthur married Lucy Hertz. Arthur and Lucy traveled extensively throughout Europe and also to the east coast of the United States. Many of the letters in the collection were written during these travels.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArthur and Lucy had one son, Arnold, in 1902 who also became a physician. Arnold worked as a pathologist at a hospital in Berlin. In 1933 Adolf Hitler came into power in Germany and began to implement his policies against Jews. Because the Strausses were of Jewish ancestry they were subject to these discriminative policies and found it hard to continue to work. In 1933 Arnold and his parents immigrated to the Netherlands. In 1935 Arnold secured a position at St. Vincent's Hospital in Norfolk, Virginia and immigrated to the United States. Arthur who was a very patriotic man and loved Germany greatly, was reluctant to leave Europe. It wasn't until 1938 that he finally gave up hope of returning to Germany and agreed to immigrate to the United States. Thus when Arnold began trying to obtain immigrant visas for them to join him in the United States it was probably too late due to the large numbers of people also trying to leave Europe at the time. He also unsuccessfully tried to obtain an immigration visa for his fiancee, Irmgard Keun, a German author. When the German army invaded the Netherlands in May 1940 the Strauss' became trapped there. Arthur and Lucy Strauss endured four months of the Nazi occupation of the Netherlands. Then after apparently losing hope of being able to join Arnold in the United States, they took their own lives in September 1940. Arnold's long-distance relationship with Keun eventually came to an end as well. In 1941 Arnold married an American, Marjory Ware Spindle. Arnold died in 1965.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Special Collections Staff\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Arthur Strauss, the main focus of the collection, was a physician, poet, art collector, and painter. He was born in 1864 in Halle, Westphalia, Germany. His father, Abraham Strauss, was a physician. Arthur studied medicine and received his medical diploma in 1888. He specialized in Dermatology and published a textbook on skin diseases in 1895. He settled in Barmen, Germany where he had a successful medical practice. In 1900 Arthur married Lucy Hertz. Arthur and Lucy traveled extensively throughout Europe and also to the east coast of the United States. Many of the letters in the collection were written during these travels.","Arthur and Lucy had one son, Arnold, in 1902 who also became a physician. Arnold worked as a pathologist at a hospital in Berlin. In 1933 Adolf Hitler came into power in Germany and began to implement his policies against Jews. Because the Strausses were of Jewish ancestry they were subject to these discriminative policies and found it hard to continue to work. In 1933 Arnold and his parents immigrated to the Netherlands. In 1935 Arnold secured a position at St. Vincent's Hospital in Norfolk, Virginia and immigrated to the United States. Arthur who was a very patriotic man and loved Germany greatly, was reluctant to leave Europe. It wasn't until 1938 that he finally gave up hope of returning to Germany and agreed to immigrate to the United States. Thus when Arnold began trying to obtain immigrant visas for them to join him in the United States it was probably too late due to the large numbers of people also trying to leave Europe at the time. He also unsuccessfully tried to obtain an immigration visa for his fiancee, Irmgard Keun, a German author. When the German army invaded the Netherlands in May 1940 the Strauss' became trapped there. Arthur and Lucy Strauss endured four months of the Nazi occupation of the Netherlands. Then after apparently losing hope of being able to join Arnold in the United States, they took their own lives in September 1940. Arnold's long-distance relationship with Keun eventually came to an end as well. In 1941 Arnold married an American, Marjory Ware Spindle. Arnold died in 1965.","Note written by Special Collections Staff"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Strauss Family Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Strauss Family Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eKeun, Irmgard. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eIch lebe in einem wilden Wirbel: Briefe an Arnold Strauss 1933 bis 1947.\u003c/emph\u003e Selected and edited by Gabriele Dries and Marjory S. Strauss. Dusseldorf: Claassen, 1988. In German\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Publications"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Keun, Irmgard. Ich lebe in einem wilden Wirbel: Briefe an Arnold Strauss 1933 bis 1947. Selected and edited by Gabriele Dries and Marjory S. Strauss. Dusseldorf: Claassen, 1988. In German"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains personal correspondence, publications, diaries and journals, business papers, and other material belonging to the Strauss family, a Jewish family from Germany. The bulk of the collection consists of correspondence between Arthur and Lucy Strauss between the years of 1900 and 1933. Most of the collection is in German.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains personal correspondence, publications, diaries and journals, business papers, and other material belonging to the Strauss family, a Jewish family from Germany. The bulk of the collection consists of correspondence between Arthur and Lucy Strauss between the years of 1900 and 1933. Most of the collection is in German."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a2de796abd261723218d5e7f7dbe46cf\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eCollected by Arnold F. Strauss\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003e.\u003c/emph\u003e Includes personal correspondence, diaries and journals, documents and business papers belonging to the German-Jewish Strauss family. Among the papers are many belonging to Arthur F. Strauss, a respected and successful doctor in Barmen, Germany. He was also a well known poet, art collector, and painter, closely aligned with German Expressionism. German language materials predominate.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Collected by Arnold F. Strauss. Includes personal correspondence, diaries and journals, documents and business papers belonging to the German-Jewish Strauss family. Among the papers are many belonging to Arthur F. Strauss, a respected and successful doctor in Barmen, Germany. He was also a well known poet, art collector, and painter, closely aligned with German Expressionism. German language materials predominate."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections"],"famname_ssim":["Strauss family"],"names_coll_ssim":["Strauss family","Strauss, Arthur (1864-1940)","Strauss, Arnold (1902-1965)","Keun, Irmgard (1905-1982)"],"persname_ssim":["Strauss, Arthur (1864-1940)","Strauss, Arnold (1902-1965)","Keun, Irmgard (1905-1982)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Strauss family","Strauss, Arthur (1864-1940)","Strauss, Arnold (1902-1965)","Keun, Irmgard (1905-1982)"],"language_ssim":["German\n      English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":86,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:29.346Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_216","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_216","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_216","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_216","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_216.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/216","title_filing_ssi":"Strauss Family","title_ssm":["Strauss Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Strauss Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1839-1935, undated","Date acquired: 09/24/1976"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1839-1935, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 09/24/1976"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1839/1935"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Strauss Family Papers, 1839/1935"],"text":["Strauss Family Papers, 1839/1935","MG 9","/repositories/5/resources/216","Families--Germany--History--19th Century","Families--Germany--History--20th Century","Jews--Germany--Correspondence","Jews--Germany--History--1933-1945","The collection is open to researchers without restrictions.","The collection is arranged into four series: Series I: Personal Correspondence; Series II: Publications; Series III: Certificates and Legal Documents; and Series IV: Miscellaneous.","Arthur Strauss, the main focus of the collection, was a physician, poet, art collector, and painter. He was born in 1864 in Halle, Westphalia, Germany. His father, Abraham Strauss, was a physician. Arthur studied medicine and received his medical diploma in 1888. He specialized in Dermatology and published a textbook on skin diseases in 1895. He settled in Barmen, Germany where he had a successful medical practice. In 1900 Arthur married Lucy Hertz. Arthur and Lucy traveled extensively throughout Europe and also to the east coast of the United States. Many of the letters in the collection were written during these travels.","Arthur and Lucy had one son, Arnold, in 1902 who also became a physician. Arnold worked as a pathologist at a hospital in Berlin. In 1933 Adolf Hitler came into power in Germany and began to implement his policies against Jews. Because the Strausses were of Jewish ancestry they were subject to these discriminative policies and found it hard to continue to work. In 1933 Arnold and his parents immigrated to the Netherlands. In 1935 Arnold secured a position at St. Vincent's Hospital in Norfolk, Virginia and immigrated to the United States. Arthur who was a very patriotic man and loved Germany greatly, was reluctant to leave Europe. It wasn't until 1938 that he finally gave up hope of returning to Germany and agreed to immigrate to the United States. Thus when Arnold began trying to obtain immigrant visas for them to join him in the United States it was probably too late due to the large numbers of people also trying to leave Europe at the time. He also unsuccessfully tried to obtain an immigration visa for his fiancee, Irmgard Keun, a German author. When the German army invaded the Netherlands in May 1940 the Strauss' became trapped there. Arthur and Lucy Strauss endured four months of the Nazi occupation of the Netherlands. Then after apparently losing hope of being able to join Arnold in the United States, they took their own lives in September 1940. Arnold's long-distance relationship with Keun eventually came to an end as well. In 1941 Arnold married an American, Marjory Ware Spindle. Arnold died in 1965.","Note written by Special Collections Staff","Keun, Irmgard. Ich lebe in einem wilden Wirbel: Briefe an Arnold Strauss 1933 bis 1947. Selected and edited by Gabriele Dries and Marjory S. Strauss. Dusseldorf: Claassen, 1988. In German","The collection contains personal correspondence, publications, diaries and journals, business papers, and other material belonging to the Strauss family, a Jewish family from Germany. The bulk of the collection consists of correspondence between Arthur and Lucy Strauss between the years of 1900 and 1933. Most of the collection is in German.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Collected by Arnold F. Strauss. 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Many of the letters in the collection were written during these travels.","Arthur and Lucy had one son, Arnold, in 1902 who also became a physician. Arnold worked as a pathologist at a hospital in Berlin. In 1933 Adolf Hitler came into power in Germany and began to implement his policies against Jews. Because the Strausses were of Jewish ancestry they were subject to these discriminative policies and found it hard to continue to work. In 1933 Arnold and his parents immigrated to the Netherlands. In 1935 Arnold secured a position at St. Vincent's Hospital in Norfolk, Virginia and immigrated to the United States. Arthur who was a very patriotic man and loved Germany greatly, was reluctant to leave Europe. It wasn't until 1938 that he finally gave up hope of returning to Germany and agreed to immigrate to the United States. Thus when Arnold began trying to obtain immigrant visas for them to join him in the United States it was probably too late due to the large numbers of people also trying to leave Europe at the time. He also unsuccessfully tried to obtain an immigration visa for his fiancee, Irmgard Keun, a German author. When the German army invaded the Netherlands in May 1940 the Strauss' became trapped there. Arthur and Lucy Strauss endured four months of the Nazi occupation of the Netherlands. Then after apparently losing hope of being able to join Arnold in the United States, they took their own lives in September 1940. Arnold's long-distance relationship with Keun eventually came to an end as well. In 1941 Arnold married an American, Marjory Ware Spindle. Arnold died in 1965.","Note written by Special Collections Staff"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Strauss Family Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Strauss Family Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eKeun, Irmgard. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eIch lebe in einem wilden Wirbel: Briefe an Arnold Strauss 1933 bis 1947.\u003c/emph\u003e Selected and edited by Gabriele Dries and Marjory S. Strauss. Dusseldorf: Claassen, 1988. In German\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Publications"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Keun, Irmgard. Ich lebe in einem wilden Wirbel: Briefe an Arnold Strauss 1933 bis 1947. 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Most of the collection is in German."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a2de796abd261723218d5e7f7dbe46cf\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eCollected by Arnold F. Strauss\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003e.\u003c/emph\u003e Includes personal correspondence, diaries and journals, documents and business papers belonging to the German-Jewish Strauss family. Among the papers are many belonging to Arthur F. Strauss, a respected and successful doctor in Barmen, Germany. He was also a well known poet, art collector, and painter, closely aligned with German Expressionism. German language materials predominate.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Collected by Arnold F. Strauss. Includes personal correspondence, diaries and journals, documents and business papers belonging to the German-Jewish Strauss family. Among the papers are many belonging to Arthur F. Strauss, a respected and successful doctor in Barmen, Germany. He was also a well known poet, art collector, and painter, closely aligned with German Expressionism. German language materials predominate."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections"],"famname_ssim":["Strauss family"],"names_coll_ssim":["Strauss family","Strauss, Arthur (1864-1940)","Strauss, Arnold (1902-1965)","Keun, Irmgard (1905-1982)"],"persname_ssim":["Strauss, Arthur (1864-1940)","Strauss, Arnold (1902-1965)","Keun, Irmgard (1905-1982)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Strauss family","Strauss, Arthur (1864-1940)","Strauss, Arnold (1902-1965)","Keun, Irmgard (1905-1982)"],"language_ssim":["German\n      English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":86,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:29.346Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_216"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_369_c01_c01","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Sub-Series 1: Slave Crime, 1763/1993","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_3_resources_369_c01_c01#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains Richard A. Rutyna's research of slave crime, legal history, colonial Virginia, American history, and Southern history. The sub-series contains several books, journals, newspaper clippings, and quarterlies including the Journal of American History, the William and Mary Quarterly, and Law and History Review. It also contains Rutyna's primary source materials, written drafts, notes and annotations, and other research materials.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_3_resources_369_c01_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_369_c01_c01","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_3_resources_369_c01_c01"],"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_369_c01_c01","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_369","_root_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_369","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_369_c01","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_369_c01","parent_ssim":["Richard A. Rutyna Papers, 1763/2011","Series 1: Research, 1763/2007"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_3_resources_369","vino_repositories_3_resources_369_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Sub-Series 1: Slave Crime","title_ssm":["Sub-Series 1: Slave Crime"],"title_tesim":["Sub-Series 1: Slave Crime"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Sub-Series 1: Slave Crime, 1763/1993"],"text":["Sub-Series 1: Slave Crime, 1763/1993","Richard A. Rutyna Papers, 1763/2011","Series 1: Research, 1763/2007","This sub-series contains Richard A. Rutyna's research of slave crime, legal history, colonial Virginia, American history, and Southern history. The sub-series contains several books, journals, newspaper clippings, and quarterlies including the Journal of American History, the William and Mary Quarterly, and Law and History Review. It also contains Rutyna's primary source materials, written drafts, notes and annotations, and other research materials."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Richard A. 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Rutyna's research of slave crime, legal history, colonial Virginia, American history, and Southern history. The sub-series contains several books, journals, newspaper clippings, and quarterlies including the Journal of American History, the William and Mary Quarterly, and Law and History Review. It also contains Rutyna's primary source materials, written drafts, notes and annotations, and other research materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This sub-series contains Richard A. Rutyna's research of slave crime, legal history, colonial Virginia, American history, and Southern history. The sub-series contains several books, journals, newspaper clippings, and quarterlies including the Journal of American History, the William and Mary Quarterly, and Law and History Review. It also contains Rutyna's primary source materials, written drafts, notes and annotations, and other research materials."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:17.098Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_369","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_369","_root_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_369","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_369","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_3_resources_369.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Rutyna, Richard A.","title_ssm":["Richard A. Rutyna Papers"],"title_tesim":["Richard A. Rutyna Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1763-2011, undated"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1763-2011, undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1763/2011"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Richard A. Rutyna Papers, 1763/2011"],"text":["Richard A. Rutyna Papers, 1763/2011","RG 17-5B8","/repositories/3/resources/369","Slavery--Virginia","Virginia--Politics and government","Freemasonry","Church and state--Virginia","Open to researchers without restrictions.","Dr. Richard A. \"Dick\" Rutyna was born on April 10, 1937 in San Diego, California. From 1954 to 1962, he served in the United States Marine Corps, during which time he received his bachelor's and master's degrees in history from the College of William \u0026 Mary. After graduating, he taught at Granby High School from 1961 to 1963 before coming to Old Dominion University (ODU). By 1966, Rutyna was an assistant professor at ODU, and was promoted to associate professor in 1978. Rutyna played an active role in the ODU history department by securing grants from university and the Virginia Virginia Foundation for the Humanities and Public Policy to establish courses and programs while also being responsible for designing 300-level history courses. Rutyna taught colonial and revolutionary history, served as director of several theses, and invited guest speakers to campus to give lectures, and held roles on many departmental and university councils and committees.","During his career, Rutyna co-edited \"Virginia in the American Revolution: A Collection of Essays\" (1977) and \"Old Dominion University: Heritage and Horizons\" (1987). He also authored multiple articles published by Metro Magazine, the Thomas Jefferson Institute for the Study of Religious Freedom, and the Essex Institute. He also delivered several speeches during the bicentennial of the Statute for Religious Freedom.","Rutyna's interest in the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom and Freemasonry in Virginia, led him to write and deliver lectures on the topics. His research also included crimes against the enslaved in Colonial Virginia, as well as the separation of church and state, among other topics. He held several local political roles, including serving as second congressional district chairman of the democratic party from 1968 to 1975. From 1994 to 1995, Rutyna began working for Blake and Blake Genealogists, a probate research company that works to find heirs and beneficiaries to estates. He passed away on March 17, 2018.","Reference: Richard Rutyna Obituary","A preliminary inventory of the collection was completed by Jack Dibari, Special Collections and University Archives Student Assistant, in Fall 2023. Further arrangement and description was completed by Heidi Simmons, Special Collections and University Archives Intern, in Summer 2025. The collection was rehoused and the inventory was updated by Aleecia Utley, Special Collections and University Archives Intern, in Summer 2026.","The collection consists of correspondence, newspapers, miscellaneous items, research notes, and other materials collected by Richard A. Rutyna, professor emeritus in history at Old Dominion University. Some of the topics found in the collection include local, state, and federal politics, Freemasonry, the founding and operation of the Airlie Group, as well as research on enslavement in Colonial Virginia, early Virginia and US legal history, and church-state separation.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","ODU University Archives","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Richard A. Rutyna Papers, 1763/2011"],"collection_ssim":["Richard A. 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From 1954 to 1962, he served in the United States Marine Corps, during which time he received his bachelor's and master's degrees in history from the College of William \u0026amp; Mary. After graduating, he taught at Granby High School from 1961 to 1963 before coming to Old Dominion University (ODU). By 1966, Rutyna was an assistant professor at ODU, and was promoted to associate professor in 1978. Rutyna played an active role in the ODU history department by securing grants from university and the Virginia Virginia Foundation for the Humanities and Public Policy to establish courses and programs while also being responsible for designing 300-level history courses. Rutyna taught colonial and revolutionary history, served as director of several theses, and invited guest speakers to campus to give lectures, and held roles on many departmental and university councils and committees. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring his career, Rutyna co-edited \"Virginia in the American Revolution: A Collection of Essays\" (1977) and \"Old Dominion University: Heritage and Horizons\" (1987). He also authored multiple articles published by Metro Magazine, the Thomas Jefferson Institute for the Study of Religious Freedom, and the Essex Institute. He also delivered several speeches during the bicentennial of the Statute for Religious Freedom.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eRutyna's interest in the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom and Freemasonry in Virginia, led him to write and deliver lectures on the topics. His research also included crimes against the enslaved in Colonial Virginia, as well as the separation of church and state, among other topics. He held several local political roles, including serving as second congressional district chairman of the democratic party from 1968 to 1975. From 1994 to 1995, Rutyna began working for Blake and Blake Genealogists, a probate research company that works to find heirs and beneficiaries to estates. He passed away on March 17, 2018.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003e\nReference: \u003ca href=\"https://www.odu.edu/article/associate-professor-emeritus-of-history-richard-dick-rutyna-dies\"\u003eRichard Rutyna Obituary\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. Richard A. \"Dick\" Rutyna was born on April 10, 1937 in San Diego, California. From 1954 to 1962, he served in the United States Marine Corps, during which time he received his bachelor's and master's degrees in history from the College of William \u0026 Mary. After graduating, he taught at Granby High School from 1961 to 1963 before coming to Old Dominion University (ODU). By 1966, Rutyna was an assistant professor at ODU, and was promoted to associate professor in 1978. Rutyna played an active role in the ODU history department by securing grants from university and the Virginia Virginia Foundation for the Humanities and Public Policy to establish courses and programs while also being responsible for designing 300-level history courses. Rutyna taught colonial and revolutionary history, served as director of several theses, and invited guest speakers to campus to give lectures, and held roles on many departmental and university councils and committees.","During his career, Rutyna co-edited \"Virginia in the American Revolution: A Collection of Essays\" (1977) and \"Old Dominion University: Heritage and Horizons\" (1987). He also authored multiple articles published by Metro Magazine, the Thomas Jefferson Institute for the Study of Religious Freedom, and the Essex Institute. He also delivered several speeches during the bicentennial of the Statute for Religious Freedom.","Rutyna's interest in the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom and Freemasonry in Virginia, led him to write and deliver lectures on the topics. His research also included crimes against the enslaved in Colonial Virginia, as well as the separation of church and state, among other topics. He held several local political roles, including serving as second congressional district chairman of the democratic party from 1968 to 1975. From 1994 to 1995, Rutyna began working for Blake and Blake Genealogists, a probate research company that works to find heirs and beneficiaries to estates. He passed away on March 17, 2018.","Reference: Richard Rutyna Obituary"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Richard A. Rutyna Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Richard A. Rutyna Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA preliminary inventory of the collection was completed by Jack Dibari, Special Collections and University Archives Student Assistant, in Fall 2023. Further arrangement and description was completed by Heidi Simmons, Special Collections and University Archives Intern, in Summer 2025. The collection was rehoused and the inventory was updated by Aleecia Utley, Special Collections and University Archives Intern, in Summer 2026.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["A preliminary inventory of the collection was completed by Jack Dibari, Special Collections and University Archives Student Assistant, in Fall 2023. Further arrangement and description was completed by Heidi Simmons, Special Collections and University Archives Intern, in Summer 2025. The collection was rehoused and the inventory was updated by Aleecia Utley, Special Collections and University Archives Intern, in Summer 2026."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of correspondence, newspapers, miscellaneous items, research notes, and other materials collected by Richard A. Rutyna, professor emeritus in history at Old Dominion University. Some of the topics found in the collection include local, state, and federal politics, Freemasonry, the founding and operation of the Airlie Group, as well as research on enslavement in Colonial Virginia, early Virginia and US legal history, and church-state separation.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of correspondence, newspapers, miscellaneous items, research notes, and other materials collected by Richard A. Rutyna, professor emeritus in history at Old Dominion University. Some of the topics found in the collection include local, state, and federal politics, Freemasonry, the founding and operation of the Airlie Group, as well as research on enslavement in Colonial Virginia, early Virginia and US legal history, and church-state separation."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU University Archives"],"names_ssim":["ODU University Archives"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":171,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:17.098Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_3_resources_369_c01_c01"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_369_c01_c02","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Sub-Series 2: Political, 1776/2007","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_3_resources_369_c01_c02#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains materials and information related to local, state, and federal political matters, politicians, and political groups including Armistead L. Boothe, the Stant-Whitehurst election of 1968, Pat Robertson, and the Airlie Group. It includes newspaper clippings from local papers such as The Virginian-Pilot, The Virginian Gazette, and the Norfolk Virginian along with Rutyna's research on the Airlie Group and correspondence with people who were associated with the group. The sub-series also includes newspaper clippings on conservative religious leader Pat Robertson as well as the assassinations of John F. Kennedy and Robert F. 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Boothe, the Stant-Whitehurst election of 1968, Pat Robertson, and the Airlie Group. It includes newspaper clippings from local papers such as The Virginian-Pilot, The Virginian Gazette, and the Norfolk Virginian along with Rutyna's research on the Airlie Group and correspondence with people who were associated with the group. The sub-series also includes newspaper clippings on conservative religious leader Pat Robertson as well as the assassinations of John F. Kennedy and Robert F. Kennedy.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This sub-series contains materials and information related to local, state, and federal political matters, politicians, and political groups including Armistead L. Boothe, the Stant-Whitehurst election of 1968, Pat Robertson, and the Airlie Group. It includes newspaper clippings from local papers such as The Virginian-Pilot, The Virginian Gazette, and the Norfolk Virginian along with Rutyna's research on the Airlie Group and correspondence with people who were associated with the group. The sub-series also includes newspaper clippings on conservative religious leader Pat Robertson as well as the assassinations of John F. Kennedy and Robert F. Kennedy."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#1","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:17.098Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_369","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_369","_root_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_369","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_369","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_3_resources_369.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Rutyna, Richard A.","title_ssm":["Richard A. Rutyna Papers"],"title_tesim":["Richard A. Rutyna Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1763-2011, undated"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1763-2011, undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1763/2011"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Richard A. Rutyna Papers, 1763/2011"],"text":["Richard A. Rutyna Papers, 1763/2011","RG 17-5B8","/repositories/3/resources/369","Slavery--Virginia","Virginia--Politics and government","Freemasonry","Church and state--Virginia","Open to researchers without restrictions.","Dr. Richard A. \"Dick\" Rutyna was born on April 10, 1937 in San Diego, California. From 1954 to 1962, he served in the United States Marine Corps, during which time he received his bachelor's and master's degrees in history from the College of William \u0026 Mary. After graduating, he taught at Granby High School from 1961 to 1963 before coming to Old Dominion University (ODU). By 1966, Rutyna was an assistant professor at ODU, and was promoted to associate professor in 1978. Rutyna played an active role in the ODU history department by securing grants from university and the Virginia Virginia Foundation for the Humanities and Public Policy to establish courses and programs while also being responsible for designing 300-level history courses. Rutyna taught colonial and revolutionary history, served as director of several theses, and invited guest speakers to campus to give lectures, and held roles on many departmental and university councils and committees.","During his career, Rutyna co-edited \"Virginia in the American Revolution: A Collection of Essays\" (1977) and \"Old Dominion University: Heritage and Horizons\" (1987). He also authored multiple articles published by Metro Magazine, the Thomas Jefferson Institute for the Study of Religious Freedom, and the Essex Institute. He also delivered several speeches during the bicentennial of the Statute for Religious Freedom.","Rutyna's interest in the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom and Freemasonry in Virginia, led him to write and deliver lectures on the topics. His research also included crimes against the enslaved in Colonial Virginia, as well as the separation of church and state, among other topics. He held several local political roles, including serving as second congressional district chairman of the democratic party from 1968 to 1975. From 1994 to 1995, Rutyna began working for Blake and Blake Genealogists, a probate research company that works to find heirs and beneficiaries to estates. He passed away on March 17, 2018.","Reference: Richard Rutyna Obituary","A preliminary inventory of the collection was completed by Jack Dibari, Special Collections and University Archives Student Assistant, in Fall 2023. Further arrangement and description was completed by Heidi Simmons, Special Collections and University Archives Intern, in Summer 2025. The collection was rehoused and the inventory was updated by Aleecia Utley, Special Collections and University Archives Intern, in Summer 2026.","The collection consists of correspondence, newspapers, miscellaneous items, research notes, and other materials collected by Richard A. Rutyna, professor emeritus in history at Old Dominion University. Some of the topics found in the collection include local, state, and federal politics, Freemasonry, the founding and operation of the Airlie Group, as well as research on enslavement in Colonial Virginia, early Virginia and US legal history, and church-state separation.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","ODU University Archives","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Richard A. Rutyna Papers, 1763/2011"],"collection_ssim":["Richard A. 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Rutyna"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Slavery--Virginia","Virginia--Politics and government","Freemasonry","Church and state--Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Slavery--Virginia","Virginia--Politics and government","Freemasonry","Church and state--Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["7.5 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["7.5 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. Richard A. \"Dick\" Rutyna was born on April 10, 1937 in San Diego, California. From 1954 to 1962, he served in the United States Marine Corps, during which time he received his bachelor's and master's degrees in history from the College of William \u0026amp; Mary. After graduating, he taught at Granby High School from 1961 to 1963 before coming to Old Dominion University (ODU). By 1966, Rutyna was an assistant professor at ODU, and was promoted to associate professor in 1978. Rutyna played an active role in the ODU history department by securing grants from university and the Virginia Virginia Foundation for the Humanities and Public Policy to establish courses and programs while also being responsible for designing 300-level history courses. Rutyna taught colonial and revolutionary history, served as director of several theses, and invited guest speakers to campus to give lectures, and held roles on many departmental and university councils and committees. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring his career, Rutyna co-edited \"Virginia in the American Revolution: A Collection of Essays\" (1977) and \"Old Dominion University: Heritage and Horizons\" (1987). He also authored multiple articles published by Metro Magazine, the Thomas Jefferson Institute for the Study of Religious Freedom, and the Essex Institute. He also delivered several speeches during the bicentennial of the Statute for Religious Freedom.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eRutyna's interest in the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom and Freemasonry in Virginia, led him to write and deliver lectures on the topics. His research also included crimes against the enslaved in Colonial Virginia, as well as the separation of church and state, among other topics. He held several local political roles, including serving as second congressional district chairman of the democratic party from 1968 to 1975. From 1994 to 1995, Rutyna began working for Blake and Blake Genealogists, a probate research company that works to find heirs and beneficiaries to estates. He passed away on March 17, 2018.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003e\nReference: \u003ca href=\"https://www.odu.edu/article/associate-professor-emeritus-of-history-richard-dick-rutyna-dies\"\u003eRichard Rutyna Obituary\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. Richard A. \"Dick\" Rutyna was born on April 10, 1937 in San Diego, California. From 1954 to 1962, he served in the United States Marine Corps, during which time he received his bachelor's and master's degrees in history from the College of William \u0026 Mary. After graduating, he taught at Granby High School from 1961 to 1963 before coming to Old Dominion University (ODU). By 1966, Rutyna was an assistant professor at ODU, and was promoted to associate professor in 1978. Rutyna played an active role in the ODU history department by securing grants from university and the Virginia Virginia Foundation for the Humanities and Public Policy to establish courses and programs while also being responsible for designing 300-level history courses. Rutyna taught colonial and revolutionary history, served as director of several theses, and invited guest speakers to campus to give lectures, and held roles on many departmental and university councils and committees.","During his career, Rutyna co-edited \"Virginia in the American Revolution: A Collection of Essays\" (1977) and \"Old Dominion University: Heritage and Horizons\" (1987). He also authored multiple articles published by Metro Magazine, the Thomas Jefferson Institute for the Study of Religious Freedom, and the Essex Institute. He also delivered several speeches during the bicentennial of the Statute for Religious Freedom.","Rutyna's interest in the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom and Freemasonry in Virginia, led him to write and deliver lectures on the topics. His research also included crimes against the enslaved in Colonial Virginia, as well as the separation of church and state, among other topics. He held several local political roles, including serving as second congressional district chairman of the democratic party from 1968 to 1975. From 1994 to 1995, Rutyna began working for Blake and Blake Genealogists, a probate research company that works to find heirs and beneficiaries to estates. He passed away on March 17, 2018.","Reference: Richard Rutyna Obituary"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Richard A. Rutyna Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Richard A. 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The collection was rehoused and the inventory was updated by Aleecia Utley, Special Collections and University Archives Intern, in Summer 2026."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of correspondence, newspapers, miscellaneous items, research notes, and other materials collected by Richard A. Rutyna, professor emeritus in history at Old Dominion University. Some of the topics found in the collection include local, state, and federal politics, Freemasonry, the founding and operation of the Airlie Group, as well as research on enslavement in Colonial Virginia, early Virginia and US legal history, and church-state separation.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of correspondence, newspapers, miscellaneous items, research notes, and other materials collected by Richard A. Rutyna, professor emeritus in history at Old Dominion University. 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