{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1868\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=James+Madison+University\u0026page=44","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1868\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=James+Madison+University\u0026page=43","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1868\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=James+Madison+University\u0026page=45","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1868\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=James+Madison+University\u0026page=49"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":44,"next_page":45,"prev_page":43,"total_pages":49,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":430,"total_count":489,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_335","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Snyder Family papers","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_335#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_335#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Snyder Family Papers, ca. 1850-1901, comprise two account books and photographs documenting the John Snyder family of Augusta County, Virginia.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_335#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_335","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_335","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_335","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_335","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_335.xml","title_ssm":["Snyder Family papers"],"title_tesim":["Snyder Family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1850-1901"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1850-1901"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0204","/repositories/4/resources/335"],"text":["SC 0204","/repositories/4/resources/335","Snyder Family papers","Virginia -- History, Local","Blacksmiths -- Virginia -- Records and correspondence","Account books -- Sources","Business records -- Sources","Account books","Photographs","Family papers","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The ledgers are housed in a custom box and arranged chronologically. During initial processing in 2011, the photographs were each assigned a unique identification number based on their original collection number P0004 and according to their original order in the now discarded photo album. They are arranged accordingly. Three photographs are housed in a separate folder due to their larger size.","1860 United States Census, Augusta County, Virginia. http://www.shambaugh.org/1860VA.htm (Accessed 14 Nov. 2011).  Directory of the Representative Business and Professional Men of Augusta County and Staunton. Rohrer \u0026 Diamond, 1899. http://files.usgwarchives.net/va/augusta/misc/1899biz-m-z.txt (Accessed 14 Nov. 2011).  \"Sheets Family of Pennsylvania, Virginia, and Iowa.\" http://annasheets.brinkster.net/sheets.htmljohn (Accessed 14 Nov. 2011).","The ledgers provide very little concrete information about John Snyder except for that he was a blacksmith most likely living in the Augusta County area during the 1850s and 1860s. The 1860 census lists a J. Snyder living in Augusta County who is married to S. Snyder, with two children: W. H. and J. A. Snyder. The 1860 census, along with the 1899 Augusta County Business Directory, also lists J. Snyder as a blacksmith. Additionally, a genealogy site documenting the Sheets family of Pennsylvania, Virginia, and Iowa references a John Snyder who was born in 1824 and died after 1900 in Augusta County. This John Snyder was married to his cousin, Sarah Sheetz, in March 1849, and together they had four children: William H. Snyder (b. 1849), Joseph A. Snyder (b. 1851), Martin Snyder (b. 1861), and Lewis J. Snyder (b. 1863). The genealogy site also mentions that John worked as a blacksmith as well as a farmer. All of this information is consistent with the business directory, census records, and dates of the ledgers. ","The Snyder family photo album originally included a sheet of paper that records the date of death of a John Snyder on February 7, 1901, a date that correlates with the information above. This document is retained in the collection. A few of the photographs inside of the album contain captions such as \"Uncle John,\" \"Lewis Snyder,\" and \"Cousin Martin Snyder,\" indicating that the album may have been owned by a sibling or cousin of John or Sarah Snyder.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2019.  The Snyder Ledger Collection was previously cataloged as SC 5026. The Snyder Family Photograph Collection was previously cataloged as P 0004","As part of renumbering, the two Snyder collections were combined in an attempt to reestablish original order. Both collections were acquired from the same estate sale and have shared provenance, but during initial processing in 2011 the materials were inexplicably separated by format (photographs and ledgers) and arranged into two collections. The photographs were originally housed in a photo album, but were removed and placed in individual paper envelopes. The photographs were assigned unique identifiers and filed according to their original order in the photo album. Three newspaper clippings containing Snyder family obituaries were affixed to the inside covers of the photo album. The clippings were photocopied and originals discarded. The biographical note was not significantly updated during reprocessing.","The Snyder Family Papers, ca. 1805-1901, comprise two account books and photographs documenting the John Snyder (variously spelled Snider) family of Augusta County. Snyder was a blacksmith operating out of Parnassus in Augusta County, Virginia. Surnames recorded in the ledgers include Showalter, Moyer, Miller, Shumate, and Huffman.","The 46 photographs in the collection include albumen prints, collodion prints, gelatin developing-out paper, and tintypes. All of the photos are black and white or sepia in color, and most are accompanied by a matte frame or a decorative paper sleeve. The photographs are housed individually and are arranged in the original order they were found in upon removal from the photo album. There are presumably images of John Snyder and two of his children in this collection. Notations by said photograph refer to him as \"Uncle John.\" There is also an obituary for John A. Marshall, whose children are included in the images and are referred to as cousins. From the little amount of information available, it is possible that the album was owned by a sister of John Snyder who married into the Marshall family, or perhaps a child of said sister.","Black and white, full-body front view portrait of a man and a woman; the man sits in a chair with the woman standing just behind his right shoulder. Most likely a collodion print attached to white cardboard with a gilded edge. Photographer: Lively, East Main Street, McMinnville, Tennessee.","An albumen print of a full-body front view portrait of a man and a woman posing in front of a rustic backdrop. The man sits with the woman standing by his right shoulder. Photo album caption identifies man to be \"Luis Snyder.\" Print is attached to cream colored cardboard with a gilded edge.\tPhotographer: J. M. Hill, Bridgewater, Virginia.","Black and white, full body front view of two young, finely dressed children playing in a dirt road; a young boy pulls a toddler in a small wagon. Most likely a collodion print attached to cream colored cardboard.","Black and white, almost full body front view portrait of a young man sitting in a chair and resting his arm on a table. Photo album caption identifies man to be \"Uncle John.\" Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with an ornate red border.","Sepia, waist-up front view of a man that is looking directly into the camera. Photo album caption identifies him to be \"Uncle Frank.\" Most likely an albumen print attached to thin cream-colored cardboard.","Black and white, front view portrait of a young boy who is looking into the camera. A red bowtie seems to be colored/drawn in to the photo. \"Luis Snyder\" written in pencil on the back of the encasing, and a photo album caption also reads \"Mother's half brothers.\" Tintype housed in a tan paper sleeve with an ornate red border, and a piece of lined notebook paper glued to the back.","Black and white, front view portrait of a man who is looking into the camera. Photo album caption underneath read \"Mother's half brothers.\" Tintype housed in an embellished white paper sleeve.","Black and white, front view portrait of a man and a woman, who is holding an open book. This image was also housed above the photo album caption \"Mother's half brothers.\" Most likely an albumen print attached to thin cream-colored cardboard. Photographer: T. L. Darnell, Cumberland, Maryland.","Black and white, shoulders-up front view portrait of two young women. \"Rena\" written in pencil on the back. Most likely a collodion print attached to thick black cardboard.","Black and white, front view of a man sitting in between two women in front of a stone brick building. Caption on the back reads \"my bachelor son and two of his cousins at Lincoln farm sitting on a part of the memorial building.\" Possibly printed on gelatin developing-out paper.","Black and white, shoulders-up front view of a young woman looking to the right of the camera and wearing a very ornate hat. Most likely a collodion print attached to small piece of cardboard that is cut with a gilded edge.","Black and white, shoulders-up front view of a young boy who is looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"John.\" Tintype housed in an embellished cream-colored paper sleeve.","Black and white, shoulders-up front view of an elderly man who is looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"Father.\" Tintype housed in an embellished cream-colored paper sleeve.","Black and white, front view portrait of a very young girl who is shyly looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies her as \"Irena.\" Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with a red border that is badly stained.","Black and white, front view portrait of a young boy sitting who is looking into the camera and sitting in a chair. \"John\" written in pencil on the front of the paper sleeve. Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with a red border that is badly stained.","Black and white, front view portrait of a young man who is looking into the camera. \"John\" is written in pencil on the front of the paper sleeve. Tintype housed in an orange paper sleeve with an ornate red border.","Black and white, front view portrait of a young girl. The flowers of the bow on the front of her dress seemed to be colored in red or pink. \"Irena\" is written in pencil on the front of the paper sleeve. Tintype housed in a cream-colored paper sleeve with a red border.","Small card with an illustration of a bird, flowers, and small house with the inscription \"With God all things are possible. Matth. 19-26.\" \"From Pattie Marshall\" is written in pencil on the back.","Sepia, front view of a cow standing in a fenced-in area and looking into the camera. Possibly an albumen print attached to embellished gray cardboard.","Sepia, front view portrait of a baby that is looking to the right of the camera. \"Myrtle Genevieve Ekleberry 5 mo old\" is written in pencil on the back. Most likely an albumen print attached to white cardboard with a gilded edge.","Sepia, full-body front view portrait of a man and a woman that are dressed for a special occasion such as a wedding. Albumen print attached to embellished white cardboard. Photographer: Shellabarger, Horton, Kansas.","Black and white, full-body front view of a young female toddler who is looking to the left of the camera. Collodion print attached to black cardboard. Photographer: Shellabarger, Horton, Kansas.","Sepia, full-body front view portrait of a man sitting in a chair, with a woman standing to his left and resting her arm on his shoulder. Both are looking into the camera. Albumen print attached to pink cardboard with a gold border on the front. Photographer: B. A. Blakemore's Photo Art Gallery, Augusta Street, Staunton, Virginia.","Sepia, front portrait view of a man with a full beard and mustache who is looking slightly to the right of the camera. Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with an ornate red border.","Sepia, full-body front view of a man sitting in a chair in front of a scenic backdrop. Tintype housed in a paper sleeve with cut corners and an ornate red border.","Black and white, front view portrait of a man who is looking slightly to the right of the camera. \"Cousin Joe Snyder\" written in pencil on the back of the sleeve. Tintype housed in an embellished yellow and purple paper sleeve. Photographer: B. A. Blakemore's Photograph Gallery, No. 4 North Augusta Street, Staunton, Virginia.","Sepia, silhouette portrait of a young woman with her hair ornately braided. Possibly an albumen print that is a copy of an older photograph, glued to a thin piece of tan cardboard. Photographer: Johnston's Star Gallery, Richland Center, Wisconsin.","Sepia, full-body portrait of an elderly man sitting in a chair and an elderly woman, who is standing next to the man with her hand resting on his shoulder. Albumen print glued to a thin piece of tan cardboard.","Black and white, front view portrait of a young man who is looking slightly to the right of the camera. Most likely an albumen print glued to a thin piece of tan cardboard with a red border. Photographer: Johnston's Star Gallery, Richland Center, Wisconsin.","Black and white, front view portrait of a middle-aged man who is looking slightly to the right of the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"Father.\" Tintype housed in a a paper sleeve that is orange with an ornate red border on the front, and purple on the back. Photographer: B. A. Blakemore's Photographic Gallery, Augusta Street, Staunton, Virginia.","Black and white, front view of a woman sitting in front of an elaborate backdrop. Photo album caption identifies her as \"Mother.\" Tintype.","Sepia, front view of a man who is smiling and looking into the camera. Albumen print attached to peach-colored cardboard. Photographer: Locke, Richland Center, Wisconsin.","Black and white, front view of a young woman who is sitting and looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies her as \"Sister,\" and the date is written in pencil on the back. Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with an ornate gold border.","Black and white, front view of a boy who is looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"John.\" Tintype housed in a tan-grey colored paper sleeve with a pink back, and an ornate gold border.","Black and white, front view of a young man looking slightly to the left of the camera. Tintype housed in an embellished light pink paper sleeve.","Black and white, front view of a woman who is looking to the right of the camera. Most likely a collodion print attached to green, cream, and gold cardboard. Photographer: W. J. Hillman, Richland Center, Wisconsin.","Black and white, front view portrait of a man who is looking to the right of the camera. Tintype housed in an orange paper sleeve with an ornate red border.","Black and white, full-body front view portrait of a man and a woman who are looking into the camera; the man sits in a chair while the woman stands to his life, with her hand on his shoulder. They both stand in front of an elaborate backdrop. \"Miss E. I. Snyder\" written in blue ink on the back.Most likely a collodion print attached to green and gold cardboard. Photographer: W. J. Hillman, Richland Center, Wisconsin.","Black and white, front view portrait of a young man who is sitting and looking to the right of the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"Lewis Snyder.\" Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with an ornate red border. Photographer: B. A. Blakemore's Photograph Gallery, Staunton, Virginia.","Black and white, front view portrait of a young man who is sitting and looking to the right of the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"Lewis Snyder.\" Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with an ornate red border. Photographer: B. A. Blakemore's Photograph Gallery, Staunton, Virginia.","Black and white, full-body front view portrait of a man sitting in a chair in front of a scenic backdrop and looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"Cousin Martin Snyder.\" Tintype.","Black and white, full-body portrait of a woman standing next to and resting her left hand on a chair. Most likely a collodion print attached to a piece of stained cardboard with a gold border.","Black and white, full-body portrait of a woman sitting on a bench with a young girl standing to her right and a young boy standing to her left. All three are posed in front of a scenic backdrop. \"Belongs to Abr. \u0026 T. Paschal\" written in pencil on the back. Most likely a collodion print attached to stained white cardboard with gold trim at the bottom.","Black and white, front view portrait of a man who is looking to the left of the camera. Most likely a collodion print attached to green cardboard with a gold border. Photographer: W. J. Hillman, Richland Center, Wisconsin.","Black and white, full-body front view of a baby girl who is looking to the left of the camera. \"Miss Ellen Vogel, aged 8 months Aug 3 1898\" is written in pencil on the back. Collodion print attached to cream-colored cardboard. Photographer: Mrs. W. D. Hughes, McMinnville, Tennessee.","Black and white, front view portrait of a man who is looking slightly to the left of the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"Cousin Burnet Marshall Lill's brother.\" Collodion print attached to dark grey cardboard.","Black and white, front view portrait of a man and a woman that are sitting and looking to the right of the camera, while a very young girl stands in between them with her hands on each of their shoulders and looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies the woman as \"Lill Marshall Wilson.\" Collodion print attached to dark grey cardboard.","A piece of paper housed behind P0004.01.001 in the photo album. \"J O, G A E\" written in pencil.","A piece of notepad paper that was placed behind the front cover of the photo album. Contains information about the deaths of various Snyder family members.","Two photocopied obituaries. One documents the life and death of John A. Marshall (1828-1897) and the second announces the death of John F. Snider.","Photocopied marriage announcements. One documents the wedding of F. J. Marshall and Lizzie Mauzy and the second announces the wedding of Thomas Hildebrand to Maggie Newman.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk. (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Snyder Family Papers, ca. 1850-1901, comprise two account books and photographs documenting the John Snyder family of Augusta County, Virginia.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Snyder family","Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021","Snyder, John","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0204","/repositories/4/resources/335"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Snyder Family papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Snyder Family papers"],"collection_ssim":["Snyder Family papers"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia -- History, Local"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia -- History, Local"],"creator_ssm":["Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021","Snyder family"],"creator_ssim":["Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021","Snyder family"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Snyder family"],"creators_ssim":["Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021","Snyder family"],"places_ssim":["Virginia -- History, Local"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk. (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The ledgers and photo album were purchased September 17, 2011 at the Mt. Solon, Virginia estate sale of Charles Weekley. Weekley's real estate and personal property were sold by auctioneer Charley Whetzel."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Blacksmiths -- Virginia -- Records and correspondence","Account books -- Sources","Business records -- Sources","Account books","Photographs","Family papers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Blacksmiths -- Virginia -- Records and correspondence","Account books -- Sources","Business records -- Sources","Account books","Photographs","Family papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.3 cubic feet 3 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.3 cubic feet 3 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Account books","Photographs","Family papers"],"date_range_isim":[1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe ledgers are housed in a custom box and arranged chronologically. During initial processing in 2011, the photographs were each assigned a unique identification number based on their original collection number P0004 and according to their original order in the now discarded photo album. They are arranged accordingly. Three photographs are housed in a separate folder due to their larger size.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The ledgers are housed in a custom box and arranged chronologically. During initial processing in 2011, the photographs were each assigned a unique identification number based on their original collection number P0004 and according to their original order in the now discarded photo album. They are arranged accordingly. Three photographs are housed in a separate folder due to their larger size."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003e1860 United States Census, Augusta County, Virginia. http://www.shambaugh.org/1860VA.htm (Accessed 14 Nov. 2011).\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e Directory of the Representative Business and Professional Men of Augusta County and Staunton. Rohrer \u0026amp; Diamond, 1899. http://files.usgwarchives.net/va/augusta/misc/1899biz-m-z.txt (Accessed 14 Nov. 2011).\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e \"Sheets Family of Pennsylvania, Virginia, and Iowa.\" http://annasheets.brinkster.net/sheets.htmljohn (Accessed 14 Nov. 2011).\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["1860 United States Census, Augusta County, Virginia. http://www.shambaugh.org/1860VA.htm (Accessed 14 Nov. 2011).  Directory of the Representative Business and Professional Men of Augusta County and Staunton. Rohrer \u0026 Diamond, 1899. http://files.usgwarchives.net/va/augusta/misc/1899biz-m-z.txt (Accessed 14 Nov. 2011).  \"Sheets Family of Pennsylvania, Virginia, and Iowa.\" http://annasheets.brinkster.net/sheets.htmljohn (Accessed 14 Nov. 2011)."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe ledgers provide very little concrete information about John Snyder except for that he was a blacksmith most likely living in the Augusta County area during the 1850s and 1860s. The 1860 census lists a J. Snyder living in Augusta County who is married to S. Snyder, with two children: W. H. and J. A. Snyder. The 1860 census, along with the 1899 Augusta County Business Directory, also lists J. Snyder as a blacksmith. Additionally, a genealogy site documenting the Sheets family of Pennsylvania, Virginia, and Iowa references a John Snyder who was born in 1824 and died after 1900 in Augusta County. This John Snyder was married to his cousin, Sarah Sheetz, in March 1849, and together they had four children: William H. Snyder (b. 1849), Joseph A. Snyder (b. 1851), Martin Snyder (b. 1861), and Lewis J. Snyder (b. 1863). The genealogy site also mentions that John worked as a blacksmith as well as a farmer. All of this information is consistent with the business directory, census records, and dates of the ledgers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Snyder family photo album originally included a sheet of paper that records the date of death of a John Snyder on February 7, 1901, a date that correlates with the information above. This document is retained in the collection. A few of the photographs inside of the album contain captions such as \"Uncle John,\" \"Lewis Snyder,\" and \"Cousin Martin Snyder,\" indicating that the album may have been owned by a sibling or cousin of John or Sarah Snyder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The ledgers provide very little concrete information about John Snyder except for that he was a blacksmith most likely living in the Augusta County area during the 1850s and 1860s. The 1860 census lists a J. Snyder living in Augusta County who is married to S. Snyder, with two children: W. H. and J. A. Snyder. The 1860 census, along with the 1899 Augusta County Business Directory, also lists J. Snyder as a blacksmith. Additionally, a genealogy site documenting the Sheets family of Pennsylvania, Virginia, and Iowa references a John Snyder who was born in 1824 and died after 1900 in Augusta County. This John Snyder was married to his cousin, Sarah Sheetz, in March 1849, and together they had four children: William H. Snyder (b. 1849), Joseph A. Snyder (b. 1851), Martin Snyder (b. 1861), and Lewis J. Snyder (b. 1863). The genealogy site also mentions that John worked as a blacksmith as well as a farmer. All of this information is consistent with the business directory, census records, and dates of the ledgers. ","The Snyder family photo album originally included a sheet of paper that records the date of death of a John Snyder on February 7, 1901, a date that correlates with the information above. This document is retained in the collection. A few of the photographs inside of the album contain captions such as \"Uncle John,\" \"Lewis Snyder,\" and \"Cousin Martin Snyder,\" indicating that the album may have been owned by a sibling or cousin of John or Sarah Snyder."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Snyder Family Papers, ca. 1850-1901, SC 0204, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Snyder Family Papers, ca. 1850-1901, SC 0204, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2019. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThe Snyder Ledger Collection was previously cataloged as SC 5026. The Snyder Family Photograph Collection was previously cataloged as P 0004\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs part of renumbering, the two Snyder collections were combined in an attempt to reestablish original order. Both collections were acquired from the same estate sale and have shared provenance, but during initial processing in 2011 the materials were inexplicably separated by format (photographs and ledgers) and arranged into two collections. The photographs were originally housed in a photo album, but were removed and placed in individual paper envelopes. The photographs were assigned unique identifiers and filed according to their original order in the photo album. Three newspaper clippings containing Snyder family obituaries were affixed to the inside covers of the photo album. The clippings were photocopied and originals discarded. The biographical note was not significantly updated during reprocessing.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2019.  The Snyder Ledger Collection was previously cataloged as SC 5026. The Snyder Family Photograph Collection was previously cataloged as P 0004","As part of renumbering, the two Snyder collections were combined in an attempt to reestablish original order. Both collections were acquired from the same estate sale and have shared provenance, but during initial processing in 2011 the materials were inexplicably separated by format (photographs and ledgers) and arranged into two collections. The photographs were originally housed in a photo album, but were removed and placed in individual paper envelopes. The photographs were assigned unique identifiers and filed according to their original order in the photo album. Three newspaper clippings containing Snyder family obituaries were affixed to the inside covers of the photo album. The clippings were photocopied and originals discarded. The biographical note was not significantly updated during reprocessing."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Snyder Family Papers, ca. 1805-1901, comprise two account books and photographs documenting the John Snyder (variously spelled Snider) family of Augusta County. Snyder was a blacksmith operating out of Parnassus in Augusta County, Virginia. Surnames recorded in the ledgers include Showalter, Moyer, Miller, Shumate, and Huffman.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe 46 photographs in the collection include albumen prints, collodion prints, gelatin developing-out paper, and tintypes. All of the photos are black and white or sepia in color, and most are accompanied by a matte frame or a decorative paper sleeve. The photographs are housed individually and are arranged in the original order they were found in upon removal from the photo album. There are presumably images of John Snyder and two of his children in this collection. Notations by said photograph refer to him as \"Uncle John.\" There is also an obituary for John A. Marshall, whose children are included in the images and are referred to as cousins. From the little amount of information available, it is possible that the album was owned by a sister of John Snyder who married into the Marshall family, or perhaps a child of said sister.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, full-body front view portrait of a man and a woman; the man sits in a chair with the woman standing just behind his right shoulder. Most likely a collodion print attached to white cardboard with a gilded edge. Photographer: Lively, East Main Street, McMinnville, Tennessee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn albumen print of a full-body front view portrait of a man and a woman posing in front of a rustic backdrop. The man sits with the woman standing by his right shoulder. Photo album caption identifies man to be \"Luis Snyder.\" Print is attached to cream colored cardboard with a gilded edge.\tPhotographer: J. M. Hill, Bridgewater, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, full body front view of two young, finely dressed children playing in a dirt road; a young boy pulls a toddler in a small wagon. Most likely a collodion print attached to cream colored cardboard.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, almost full body front view portrait of a young man sitting in a chair and resting his arm on a table. Photo album caption identifies man to be \"Uncle John.\" Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with an ornate red border.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSepia, waist-up front view of a man that is looking directly into the camera. Photo album caption identifies him to be \"Uncle Frank.\" Most likely an albumen print attached to thin cream-colored cardboard.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view portrait of a young boy who is looking into the camera. A red bowtie seems to be colored/drawn in to the photo. \"Luis Snyder\" written in pencil on the back of the encasing, and a photo album caption also reads \"Mother's half brothers.\" Tintype housed in a tan paper sleeve with an ornate red border, and a piece of lined notebook paper glued to the back.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view portrait of a man who is looking into the camera. Photo album caption underneath read \"Mother's half brothers.\" Tintype housed in an embellished white paper sleeve.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view portrait of a man and a woman, who is holding an open book. This image was also housed above the photo album caption \"Mother's half brothers.\" Most likely an albumen print attached to thin cream-colored cardboard. Photographer: T. L. Darnell, Cumberland, Maryland.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, shoulders-up front view portrait of two young women. \"Rena\" written in pencil on the back. Most likely a collodion print attached to thick black cardboard.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view of a man sitting in between two women in front of a stone brick building. Caption on the back reads \"my bachelor son and two of his cousins at Lincoln farm sitting on a part of the memorial building.\" Possibly printed on gelatin developing-out paper.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, shoulders-up front view of a young woman looking to the right of the camera and wearing a very ornate hat. Most likely a collodion print attached to small piece of cardboard that is cut with a gilded edge.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, shoulders-up front view of a young boy who is looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"John.\" Tintype housed in an embellished cream-colored paper sleeve.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, shoulders-up front view of an elderly man who is looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"Father.\" Tintype housed in an embellished cream-colored paper sleeve.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view portrait of a very young girl who is shyly looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies her as \"Irena.\" Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with a red border that is badly stained.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view portrait of a young boy sitting who is looking into the camera and sitting in a chair. \"John\" written in pencil on the front of the paper sleeve. Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with a red border that is badly stained.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view portrait of a young man who is looking into the camera. \"John\" is written in pencil on the front of the paper sleeve. Tintype housed in an orange paper sleeve with an ornate red border.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view portrait of a young girl. The flowers of the bow on the front of her dress seemed to be colored in red or pink. \"Irena\" is written in pencil on the front of the paper sleeve. Tintype housed in a cream-colored paper sleeve with a red border.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSmall card with an illustration of a bird, flowers, and small house with the inscription \"With God all things are possible. Matth. 19-26.\" \"From Pattie Marshall\" is written in pencil on the back.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSepia, front view of a cow standing in a fenced-in area and looking into the camera. Possibly an albumen print attached to embellished gray cardboard.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSepia, front view portrait of a baby that is looking to the right of the camera. \"Myrtle Genevieve Ekleberry 5 mo old\" is written in pencil on the back. Most likely an albumen print attached to white cardboard with a gilded edge.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSepia, full-body front view portrait of a man and a woman that are dressed for a special occasion such as a wedding. Albumen print attached to embellished white cardboard. Photographer: Shellabarger, Horton, Kansas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, full-body front view of a young female toddler who is looking to the left of the camera. Collodion print attached to black cardboard. Photographer: Shellabarger, Horton, Kansas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSepia, full-body front view portrait of a man sitting in a chair, with a woman standing to his left and resting her arm on his shoulder. Both are looking into the camera. Albumen print attached to pink cardboard with a gold border on the front. Photographer: B. A. Blakemore's Photo Art Gallery, Augusta Street, Staunton, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSepia, front portrait view of a man with a full beard and mustache who is looking slightly to the right of the camera. Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with an ornate red border.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSepia, full-body front view of a man sitting in a chair in front of a scenic backdrop. Tintype housed in a paper sleeve with cut corners and an ornate red border.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view portrait of a man who is looking slightly to the right of the camera. \"Cousin Joe Snyder\" written in pencil on the back of the sleeve. Tintype housed in an embellished yellow and purple paper sleeve. Photographer: B. A. Blakemore's Photograph Gallery, No. 4 North Augusta Street, Staunton, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSepia, silhouette portrait of a young woman with her hair ornately braided. Possibly an albumen print that is a copy of an older photograph, glued to a thin piece of tan cardboard. Photographer: Johnston's Star Gallery, Richland Center, Wisconsin.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSepia, full-body portrait of an elderly man sitting in a chair and an elderly woman, who is standing next to the man with her hand resting on his shoulder. Albumen print glued to a thin piece of tan cardboard.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view portrait of a young man who is looking slightly to the right of the camera. Most likely an albumen print glued to a thin piece of tan cardboard with a red border. Photographer: Johnston's Star Gallery, Richland Center, Wisconsin.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view portrait of a middle-aged man who is looking slightly to the right of the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"Father.\" Tintype housed in a a paper sleeve that is orange with an ornate red border on the front, and purple on the back. Photographer: B. A. Blakemore's Photographic Gallery, Augusta Street, Staunton, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view of a woman sitting in front of an elaborate backdrop. Photo album caption identifies her as \"Mother.\" Tintype.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSepia, front view of a man who is smiling and looking into the camera. Albumen print attached to peach-colored cardboard. Photographer: Locke, Richland Center, Wisconsin.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view of a young woman who is sitting and looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies her as \"Sister,\" and the date is written in pencil on the back. Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with an ornate gold border.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view of a boy who is looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"John.\" Tintype housed in a tan-grey colored paper sleeve with a pink back, and an ornate gold border.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view of a young man looking slightly to the left of the camera. Tintype housed in an embellished light pink paper sleeve.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view of a woman who is looking to the right of the camera. Most likely a collodion print attached to green, cream, and gold cardboard. Photographer: W. J. Hillman, Richland Center, Wisconsin.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view portrait of a man who is looking to the right of the camera. Tintype housed in an orange paper sleeve with an ornate red border.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, full-body front view portrait of a man and a woman who are looking into the camera; the man sits in a chair while the woman stands to his life, with her hand on his shoulder. They both stand in front of an elaborate backdrop. \"Miss E. I. Snyder\" written in blue ink on the back.Most likely a collodion print attached to green and gold cardboard. Photographer: W. J. Hillman, Richland Center, Wisconsin.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view portrait of a young man who is sitting and looking to the right of the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"Lewis Snyder.\" Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with an ornate red border. Photographer: B. A. Blakemore's Photograph Gallery, Staunton, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view portrait of a young man who is sitting and looking to the right of the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"Lewis Snyder.\" Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with an ornate red border. Photographer: B. A. Blakemore's Photograph Gallery, Staunton, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, full-body front view portrait of a man sitting in a chair in front of a scenic backdrop and looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"Cousin Martin Snyder.\" Tintype.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, full-body portrait of a woman standing next to and resting her left hand on a chair. Most likely a collodion print attached to a piece of stained cardboard with a gold border.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, full-body portrait of a woman sitting on a bench with a young girl standing to her right and a young boy standing to her left. All three are posed in front of a scenic backdrop. \"Belongs to Abr. \u0026amp; T. Paschal\" written in pencil on the back. Most likely a collodion print attached to stained white cardboard with gold trim at the bottom.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view portrait of a man who is looking to the left of the camera. Most likely a collodion print attached to green cardboard with a gold border. Photographer: W. J. Hillman, Richland Center, Wisconsin.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, full-body front view of a baby girl who is looking to the left of the camera. \"Miss Ellen Vogel, aged 8 months Aug 3 1898\" is written in pencil on the back. Collodion print attached to cream-colored cardboard. Photographer: Mrs. W. D. Hughes, McMinnville, Tennessee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view portrait of a man who is looking slightly to the left of the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"Cousin Burnet Marshall Lill's brother.\" Collodion print attached to dark grey cardboard.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view portrait of a man and a woman that are sitting and looking to the right of the camera, while a very young girl stands in between them with her hands on each of their shoulders and looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies the woman as \"Lill Marshall Wilson.\" Collodion print attached to dark grey cardboard.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA piece of paper housed behind P0004.01.001 in the photo album. \"J O, G A E\" written in pencil.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA piece of notepad paper that was placed behind the front cover of the photo album. Contains information about the deaths of various Snyder family members.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo photocopied obituaries. One documents the life and death of John A. Marshall (1828-1897) and the second announces the death of John F. Snider.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopied marriage announcements. One documents the wedding of F. J. Marshall and Lizzie Mauzy and the second announces the wedding of Thomas Hildebrand to Maggie Newman.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Snyder Family Papers, ca. 1805-1901, comprise two account books and photographs documenting the John Snyder (variously spelled Snider) family of Augusta County. Snyder was a blacksmith operating out of Parnassus in Augusta County, Virginia. Surnames recorded in the ledgers include Showalter, Moyer, Miller, Shumate, and Huffman.","The 46 photographs in the collection include albumen prints, collodion prints, gelatin developing-out paper, and tintypes. All of the photos are black and white or sepia in color, and most are accompanied by a matte frame or a decorative paper sleeve. The photographs are housed individually and are arranged in the original order they were found in upon removal from the photo album. There are presumably images of John Snyder and two of his children in this collection. Notations by said photograph refer to him as \"Uncle John.\" There is also an obituary for John A. Marshall, whose children are included in the images and are referred to as cousins. From the little amount of information available, it is possible that the album was owned by a sister of John Snyder who married into the Marshall family, or perhaps a child of said sister.","Black and white, full-body front view portrait of a man and a woman; the man sits in a chair with the woman standing just behind his right shoulder. Most likely a collodion print attached to white cardboard with a gilded edge. Photographer: Lively, East Main Street, McMinnville, Tennessee.","An albumen print of a full-body front view portrait of a man and a woman posing in front of a rustic backdrop. The man sits with the woman standing by his right shoulder. Photo album caption identifies man to be \"Luis Snyder.\" Print is attached to cream colored cardboard with a gilded edge.\tPhotographer: J. M. Hill, Bridgewater, Virginia.","Black and white, full body front view of two young, finely dressed children playing in a dirt road; a young boy pulls a toddler in a small wagon. Most likely a collodion print attached to cream colored cardboard.","Black and white, almost full body front view portrait of a young man sitting in a chair and resting his arm on a table. Photo album caption identifies man to be \"Uncle John.\" Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with an ornate red border.","Sepia, waist-up front view of a man that is looking directly into the camera. Photo album caption identifies him to be \"Uncle Frank.\" Most likely an albumen print attached to thin cream-colored cardboard.","Black and white, front view portrait of a young boy who is looking into the camera. A red bowtie seems to be colored/drawn in to the photo. \"Luis Snyder\" written in pencil on the back of the encasing, and a photo album caption also reads \"Mother's half brothers.\" Tintype housed in a tan paper sleeve with an ornate red border, and a piece of lined notebook paper glued to the back.","Black and white, front view portrait of a man who is looking into the camera. Photo album caption underneath read \"Mother's half brothers.\" Tintype housed in an embellished white paper sleeve.","Black and white, front view portrait of a man and a woman, who is holding an open book. This image was also housed above the photo album caption \"Mother's half brothers.\" Most likely an albumen print attached to thin cream-colored cardboard. Photographer: T. L. Darnell, Cumberland, Maryland.","Black and white, shoulders-up front view portrait of two young women. \"Rena\" written in pencil on the back. Most likely a collodion print attached to thick black cardboard.","Black and white, front view of a man sitting in between two women in front of a stone brick building. Caption on the back reads \"my bachelor son and two of his cousins at Lincoln farm sitting on a part of the memorial building.\" Possibly printed on gelatin developing-out paper.","Black and white, shoulders-up front view of a young woman looking to the right of the camera and wearing a very ornate hat. Most likely a collodion print attached to small piece of cardboard that is cut with a gilded edge.","Black and white, shoulders-up front view of a young boy who is looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"John.\" Tintype housed in an embellished cream-colored paper sleeve.","Black and white, shoulders-up front view of an elderly man who is looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"Father.\" Tintype housed in an embellished cream-colored paper sleeve.","Black and white, front view portrait of a very young girl who is shyly looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies her as \"Irena.\" Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with a red border that is badly stained.","Black and white, front view portrait of a young boy sitting who is looking into the camera and sitting in a chair. \"John\" written in pencil on the front of the paper sleeve. Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with a red border that is badly stained.","Black and white, front view portrait of a young man who is looking into the camera. \"John\" is written in pencil on the front of the paper sleeve. Tintype housed in an orange paper sleeve with an ornate red border.","Black and white, front view portrait of a young girl. The flowers of the bow on the front of her dress seemed to be colored in red or pink. \"Irena\" is written in pencil on the front of the paper sleeve. Tintype housed in a cream-colored paper sleeve with a red border.","Small card with an illustration of a bird, flowers, and small house with the inscription \"With God all things are possible. Matth. 19-26.\" \"From Pattie Marshall\" is written in pencil on the back.","Sepia, front view of a cow standing in a fenced-in area and looking into the camera. Possibly an albumen print attached to embellished gray cardboard.","Sepia, front view portrait of a baby that is looking to the right of the camera. \"Myrtle Genevieve Ekleberry 5 mo old\" is written in pencil on the back. Most likely an albumen print attached to white cardboard with a gilded edge.","Sepia, full-body front view portrait of a man and a woman that are dressed for a special occasion such as a wedding. Albumen print attached to embellished white cardboard. Photographer: Shellabarger, Horton, Kansas.","Black and white, full-body front view of a young female toddler who is looking to the left of the camera. Collodion print attached to black cardboard. Photographer: Shellabarger, Horton, Kansas.","Sepia, full-body front view portrait of a man sitting in a chair, with a woman standing to his left and resting her arm on his shoulder. Both are looking into the camera. Albumen print attached to pink cardboard with a gold border on the front. Photographer: B. A. Blakemore's Photo Art Gallery, Augusta Street, Staunton, Virginia.","Sepia, front portrait view of a man with a full beard and mustache who is looking slightly to the right of the camera. Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with an ornate red border.","Sepia, full-body front view of a man sitting in a chair in front of a scenic backdrop. Tintype housed in a paper sleeve with cut corners and an ornate red border.","Black and white, front view portrait of a man who is looking slightly to the right of the camera. \"Cousin Joe Snyder\" written in pencil on the back of the sleeve. Tintype housed in an embellished yellow and purple paper sleeve. Photographer: B. A. Blakemore's Photograph Gallery, No. 4 North Augusta Street, Staunton, Virginia.","Sepia, silhouette portrait of a young woman with her hair ornately braided. Possibly an albumen print that is a copy of an older photograph, glued to a thin piece of tan cardboard. Photographer: Johnston's Star Gallery, Richland Center, Wisconsin.","Sepia, full-body portrait of an elderly man sitting in a chair and an elderly woman, who is standing next to the man with her hand resting on his shoulder. Albumen print glued to a thin piece of tan cardboard.","Black and white, front view portrait of a young man who is looking slightly to the right of the camera. Most likely an albumen print glued to a thin piece of tan cardboard with a red border. Photographer: Johnston's Star Gallery, Richland Center, Wisconsin.","Black and white, front view portrait of a middle-aged man who is looking slightly to the right of the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"Father.\" Tintype housed in a a paper sleeve that is orange with an ornate red border on the front, and purple on the back. Photographer: B. A. Blakemore's Photographic Gallery, Augusta Street, Staunton, Virginia.","Black and white, front view of a woman sitting in front of an elaborate backdrop. Photo album caption identifies her as \"Mother.\" Tintype.","Sepia, front view of a man who is smiling and looking into the camera. Albumen print attached to peach-colored cardboard. Photographer: Locke, Richland Center, Wisconsin.","Black and white, front view of a young woman who is sitting and looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies her as \"Sister,\" and the date is written in pencil on the back. Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with an ornate gold border.","Black and white, front view of a boy who is looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"John.\" Tintype housed in a tan-grey colored paper sleeve with a pink back, and an ornate gold border.","Black and white, front view of a young man looking slightly to the left of the camera. Tintype housed in an embellished light pink paper sleeve.","Black and white, front view of a woman who is looking to the right of the camera. Most likely a collodion print attached to green, cream, and gold cardboard. Photographer: W. J. Hillman, Richland Center, Wisconsin.","Black and white, front view portrait of a man who is looking to the right of the camera. Tintype housed in an orange paper sleeve with an ornate red border.","Black and white, full-body front view portrait of a man and a woman who are looking into the camera; the man sits in a chair while the woman stands to his life, with her hand on his shoulder. They both stand in front of an elaborate backdrop. \"Miss E. I. Snyder\" written in blue ink on the back.Most likely a collodion print attached to green and gold cardboard. Photographer: W. J. Hillman, Richland Center, Wisconsin.","Black and white, front view portrait of a young man who is sitting and looking to the right of the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"Lewis Snyder.\" Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with an ornate red border. Photographer: B. A. Blakemore's Photograph Gallery, Staunton, Virginia.","Black and white, front view portrait of a young man who is sitting and looking to the right of the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"Lewis Snyder.\" Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with an ornate red border. Photographer: B. A. Blakemore's Photograph Gallery, Staunton, Virginia.","Black and white, full-body front view portrait of a man sitting in a chair in front of a scenic backdrop and looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"Cousin Martin Snyder.\" Tintype.","Black and white, full-body portrait of a woman standing next to and resting her left hand on a chair. Most likely a collodion print attached to a piece of stained cardboard with a gold border.","Black and white, full-body portrait of a woman sitting on a bench with a young girl standing to her right and a young boy standing to her left. All three are posed in front of a scenic backdrop. \"Belongs to Abr. \u0026 T. Paschal\" written in pencil on the back. Most likely a collodion print attached to stained white cardboard with gold trim at the bottom.","Black and white, front view portrait of a man who is looking to the left of the camera. Most likely a collodion print attached to green cardboard with a gold border. Photographer: W. J. Hillman, Richland Center, Wisconsin.","Black and white, full-body front view of a baby girl who is looking to the left of the camera. \"Miss Ellen Vogel, aged 8 months Aug 3 1898\" is written in pencil on the back. Collodion print attached to cream-colored cardboard. Photographer: Mrs. W. D. Hughes, McMinnville, Tennessee.","Black and white, front view portrait of a man who is looking slightly to the left of the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"Cousin Burnet Marshall Lill's brother.\" Collodion print attached to dark grey cardboard.","Black and white, front view portrait of a man and a woman that are sitting and looking to the right of the camera, while a very young girl stands in between them with her hands on each of their shoulders and looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies the woman as \"Lill Marshall Wilson.\" Collodion print attached to dark grey cardboard.","A piece of paper housed behind P0004.01.001 in the photo album. \"J O, G A E\" written in pencil.","A piece of notepad paper that was placed behind the front cover of the photo album. Contains information about the deaths of various Snyder family members.","Two photocopied obituaries. One documents the life and death of John A. Marshall (1828-1897) and the second announces the death of John F. Snider.","Photocopied marriage announcements. One documents the wedding of F. J. Marshall and Lizzie Mauzy and the second announces the wedding of Thomas Hildebrand to Maggie Newman."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk. (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk. (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_11401202a8bad3b82334009542b502c1\"\u003eThe Snyder Family Papers, ca. 1850-1901, comprise two account books and photographs documenting the John Snyder family of Augusta County, Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Snyder Family Papers, ca. 1850-1901, comprise two account books and photographs documenting the John Snyder family of Augusta County, Virginia."],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Snyder family","Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021","Snyder, John"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections"],"names_coll_ssim":["Snyder family","Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021","Snyder, John"],"famname_ssim":["Snyder family"],"persname_ssim":["Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021","Snyder, John"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":56,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:21:32.588Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_335","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_335","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_335","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_335","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_335.xml","title_ssm":["Snyder Family papers"],"title_tesim":["Snyder Family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1850-1901"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1850-1901"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0204","/repositories/4/resources/335"],"text":["SC 0204","/repositories/4/resources/335","Snyder Family papers","Virginia -- History, Local","Blacksmiths -- Virginia -- Records and correspondence","Account books -- Sources","Business records -- Sources","Account books","Photographs","Family papers","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The ledgers are housed in a custom box and arranged chronologically. During initial processing in 2011, the photographs were each assigned a unique identification number based on their original collection number P0004 and according to their original order in the now discarded photo album. They are arranged accordingly. Three photographs are housed in a separate folder due to their larger size.","1860 United States Census, Augusta County, Virginia. http://www.shambaugh.org/1860VA.htm (Accessed 14 Nov. 2011).  Directory of the Representative Business and Professional Men of Augusta County and Staunton. Rohrer \u0026 Diamond, 1899. http://files.usgwarchives.net/va/augusta/misc/1899biz-m-z.txt (Accessed 14 Nov. 2011).  \"Sheets Family of Pennsylvania, Virginia, and Iowa.\" http://annasheets.brinkster.net/sheets.htmljohn (Accessed 14 Nov. 2011).","The ledgers provide very little concrete information about John Snyder except for that he was a blacksmith most likely living in the Augusta County area during the 1850s and 1860s. The 1860 census lists a J. Snyder living in Augusta County who is married to S. Snyder, with two children: W. H. and J. A. Snyder. The 1860 census, along with the 1899 Augusta County Business Directory, also lists J. Snyder as a blacksmith. Additionally, a genealogy site documenting the Sheets family of Pennsylvania, Virginia, and Iowa references a John Snyder who was born in 1824 and died after 1900 in Augusta County. This John Snyder was married to his cousin, Sarah Sheetz, in March 1849, and together they had four children: William H. Snyder (b. 1849), Joseph A. Snyder (b. 1851), Martin Snyder (b. 1861), and Lewis J. Snyder (b. 1863). The genealogy site also mentions that John worked as a blacksmith as well as a farmer. All of this information is consistent with the business directory, census records, and dates of the ledgers. ","The Snyder family photo album originally included a sheet of paper that records the date of death of a John Snyder on February 7, 1901, a date that correlates with the information above. This document is retained in the collection. A few of the photographs inside of the album contain captions such as \"Uncle John,\" \"Lewis Snyder,\" and \"Cousin Martin Snyder,\" indicating that the album may have been owned by a sibling or cousin of John or Sarah Snyder.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2019.  The Snyder Ledger Collection was previously cataloged as SC 5026. The Snyder Family Photograph Collection was previously cataloged as P 0004","As part of renumbering, the two Snyder collections were combined in an attempt to reestablish original order. Both collections were acquired from the same estate sale and have shared provenance, but during initial processing in 2011 the materials were inexplicably separated by format (photographs and ledgers) and arranged into two collections. The photographs were originally housed in a photo album, but were removed and placed in individual paper envelopes. The photographs were assigned unique identifiers and filed according to their original order in the photo album. Three newspaper clippings containing Snyder family obituaries were affixed to the inside covers of the photo album. The clippings were photocopied and originals discarded. The biographical note was not significantly updated during reprocessing.","The Snyder Family Papers, ca. 1805-1901, comprise two account books and photographs documenting the John Snyder (variously spelled Snider) family of Augusta County. Snyder was a blacksmith operating out of Parnassus in Augusta County, Virginia. Surnames recorded in the ledgers include Showalter, Moyer, Miller, Shumate, and Huffman.","The 46 photographs in the collection include albumen prints, collodion prints, gelatin developing-out paper, and tintypes. All of the photos are black and white or sepia in color, and most are accompanied by a matte frame or a decorative paper sleeve. The photographs are housed individually and are arranged in the original order they were found in upon removal from the photo album. There are presumably images of John Snyder and two of his children in this collection. Notations by said photograph refer to him as \"Uncle John.\" There is also an obituary for John A. Marshall, whose children are included in the images and are referred to as cousins. From the little amount of information available, it is possible that the album was owned by a sister of John Snyder who married into the Marshall family, or perhaps a child of said sister.","Black and white, full-body front view portrait of a man and a woman; the man sits in a chair with the woman standing just behind his right shoulder. Most likely a collodion print attached to white cardboard with a gilded edge. Photographer: Lively, East Main Street, McMinnville, Tennessee.","An albumen print of a full-body front view portrait of a man and a woman posing in front of a rustic backdrop. The man sits with the woman standing by his right shoulder. Photo album caption identifies man to be \"Luis Snyder.\" Print is attached to cream colored cardboard with a gilded edge.\tPhotographer: J. M. Hill, Bridgewater, Virginia.","Black and white, full body front view of two young, finely dressed children playing in a dirt road; a young boy pulls a toddler in a small wagon. Most likely a collodion print attached to cream colored cardboard.","Black and white, almost full body front view portrait of a young man sitting in a chair and resting his arm on a table. Photo album caption identifies man to be \"Uncle John.\" Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with an ornate red border.","Sepia, waist-up front view of a man that is looking directly into the camera. Photo album caption identifies him to be \"Uncle Frank.\" Most likely an albumen print attached to thin cream-colored cardboard.","Black and white, front view portrait of a young boy who is looking into the camera. A red bowtie seems to be colored/drawn in to the photo. \"Luis Snyder\" written in pencil on the back of the encasing, and a photo album caption also reads \"Mother's half brothers.\" Tintype housed in a tan paper sleeve with an ornate red border, and a piece of lined notebook paper glued to the back.","Black and white, front view portrait of a man who is looking into the camera. Photo album caption underneath read \"Mother's half brothers.\" Tintype housed in an embellished white paper sleeve.","Black and white, front view portrait of a man and a woman, who is holding an open book. This image was also housed above the photo album caption \"Mother's half brothers.\" Most likely an albumen print attached to thin cream-colored cardboard. Photographer: T. L. Darnell, Cumberland, Maryland.","Black and white, shoulders-up front view portrait of two young women. \"Rena\" written in pencil on the back. Most likely a collodion print attached to thick black cardboard.","Black and white, front view of a man sitting in between two women in front of a stone brick building. Caption on the back reads \"my bachelor son and two of his cousins at Lincoln farm sitting on a part of the memorial building.\" Possibly printed on gelatin developing-out paper.","Black and white, shoulders-up front view of a young woman looking to the right of the camera and wearing a very ornate hat. Most likely a collodion print attached to small piece of cardboard that is cut with a gilded edge.","Black and white, shoulders-up front view of a young boy who is looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"John.\" Tintype housed in an embellished cream-colored paper sleeve.","Black and white, shoulders-up front view of an elderly man who is looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"Father.\" Tintype housed in an embellished cream-colored paper sleeve.","Black and white, front view portrait of a very young girl who is shyly looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies her as \"Irena.\" Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with a red border that is badly stained.","Black and white, front view portrait of a young boy sitting who is looking into the camera and sitting in a chair. \"John\" written in pencil on the front of the paper sleeve. Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with a red border that is badly stained.","Black and white, front view portrait of a young man who is looking into the camera. \"John\" is written in pencil on the front of the paper sleeve. Tintype housed in an orange paper sleeve with an ornate red border.","Black and white, front view portrait of a young girl. The flowers of the bow on the front of her dress seemed to be colored in red or pink. \"Irena\" is written in pencil on the front of the paper sleeve. Tintype housed in a cream-colored paper sleeve with a red border.","Small card with an illustration of a bird, flowers, and small house with the inscription \"With God all things are possible. Matth. 19-26.\" \"From Pattie Marshall\" is written in pencil on the back.","Sepia, front view of a cow standing in a fenced-in area and looking into the camera. Possibly an albumen print attached to embellished gray cardboard.","Sepia, front view portrait of a baby that is looking to the right of the camera. \"Myrtle Genevieve Ekleberry 5 mo old\" is written in pencil on the back. Most likely an albumen print attached to white cardboard with a gilded edge.","Sepia, full-body front view portrait of a man and a woman that are dressed for a special occasion such as a wedding. Albumen print attached to embellished white cardboard. Photographer: Shellabarger, Horton, Kansas.","Black and white, full-body front view of a young female toddler who is looking to the left of the camera. Collodion print attached to black cardboard. Photographer: Shellabarger, Horton, Kansas.","Sepia, full-body front view portrait of a man sitting in a chair, with a woman standing to his left and resting her arm on his shoulder. Both are looking into the camera. Albumen print attached to pink cardboard with a gold border on the front. Photographer: B. A. Blakemore's Photo Art Gallery, Augusta Street, Staunton, Virginia.","Sepia, front portrait view of a man with a full beard and mustache who is looking slightly to the right of the camera. Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with an ornate red border.","Sepia, full-body front view of a man sitting in a chair in front of a scenic backdrop. Tintype housed in a paper sleeve with cut corners and an ornate red border.","Black and white, front view portrait of a man who is looking slightly to the right of the camera. \"Cousin Joe Snyder\" written in pencil on the back of the sleeve. Tintype housed in an embellished yellow and purple paper sleeve. Photographer: B. A. Blakemore's Photograph Gallery, No. 4 North Augusta Street, Staunton, Virginia.","Sepia, silhouette portrait of a young woman with her hair ornately braided. Possibly an albumen print that is a copy of an older photograph, glued to a thin piece of tan cardboard. Photographer: Johnston's Star Gallery, Richland Center, Wisconsin.","Sepia, full-body portrait of an elderly man sitting in a chair and an elderly woman, who is standing next to the man with her hand resting on his shoulder. Albumen print glued to a thin piece of tan cardboard.","Black and white, front view portrait of a young man who is looking slightly to the right of the camera. Most likely an albumen print glued to a thin piece of tan cardboard with a red border. Photographer: Johnston's Star Gallery, Richland Center, Wisconsin.","Black and white, front view portrait of a middle-aged man who is looking slightly to the right of the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"Father.\" Tintype housed in a a paper sleeve that is orange with an ornate red border on the front, and purple on the back. Photographer: B. A. Blakemore's Photographic Gallery, Augusta Street, Staunton, Virginia.","Black and white, front view of a woman sitting in front of an elaborate backdrop. Photo album caption identifies her as \"Mother.\" Tintype.","Sepia, front view of a man who is smiling and looking into the camera. Albumen print attached to peach-colored cardboard. Photographer: Locke, Richland Center, Wisconsin.","Black and white, front view of a young woman who is sitting and looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies her as \"Sister,\" and the date is written in pencil on the back. Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with an ornate gold border.","Black and white, front view of a boy who is looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"John.\" Tintype housed in a tan-grey colored paper sleeve with a pink back, and an ornate gold border.","Black and white, front view of a young man looking slightly to the left of the camera. Tintype housed in an embellished light pink paper sleeve.","Black and white, front view of a woman who is looking to the right of the camera. Most likely a collodion print attached to green, cream, and gold cardboard. Photographer: W. J. Hillman, Richland Center, Wisconsin.","Black and white, front view portrait of a man who is looking to the right of the camera. Tintype housed in an orange paper sleeve with an ornate red border.","Black and white, full-body front view portrait of a man and a woman who are looking into the camera; the man sits in a chair while the woman stands to his life, with her hand on his shoulder. They both stand in front of an elaborate backdrop. \"Miss E. I. Snyder\" written in blue ink on the back.Most likely a collodion print attached to green and gold cardboard. Photographer: W. J. Hillman, Richland Center, Wisconsin.","Black and white, front view portrait of a young man who is sitting and looking to the right of the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"Lewis Snyder.\" Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with an ornate red border. Photographer: B. A. Blakemore's Photograph Gallery, Staunton, Virginia.","Black and white, front view portrait of a young man who is sitting and looking to the right of the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"Lewis Snyder.\" Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with an ornate red border. Photographer: B. A. Blakemore's Photograph Gallery, Staunton, Virginia.","Black and white, full-body front view portrait of a man sitting in a chair in front of a scenic backdrop and looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"Cousin Martin Snyder.\" Tintype.","Black and white, full-body portrait of a woman standing next to and resting her left hand on a chair. Most likely a collodion print attached to a piece of stained cardboard with a gold border.","Black and white, full-body portrait of a woman sitting on a bench with a young girl standing to her right and a young boy standing to her left. All three are posed in front of a scenic backdrop. \"Belongs to Abr. \u0026 T. Paschal\" written in pencil on the back. Most likely a collodion print attached to stained white cardboard with gold trim at the bottom.","Black and white, front view portrait of a man who is looking to the left of the camera. Most likely a collodion print attached to green cardboard with a gold border. Photographer: W. J. Hillman, Richland Center, Wisconsin.","Black and white, full-body front view of a baby girl who is looking to the left of the camera. \"Miss Ellen Vogel, aged 8 months Aug 3 1898\" is written in pencil on the back. Collodion print attached to cream-colored cardboard. Photographer: Mrs. W. D. Hughes, McMinnville, Tennessee.","Black and white, front view portrait of a man who is looking slightly to the left of the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"Cousin Burnet Marshall Lill's brother.\" Collodion print attached to dark grey cardboard.","Black and white, front view portrait of a man and a woman that are sitting and looking to the right of the camera, while a very young girl stands in between them with her hands on each of their shoulders and looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies the woman as \"Lill Marshall Wilson.\" Collodion print attached to dark grey cardboard.","A piece of paper housed behind P0004.01.001 in the photo album. \"J O, G A E\" written in pencil.","A piece of notepad paper that was placed behind the front cover of the photo album. Contains information about the deaths of various Snyder family members.","Two photocopied obituaries. One documents the life and death of John A. Marshall (1828-1897) and the second announces the death of John F. Snider.","Photocopied marriage announcements. One documents the wedding of F. J. Marshall and Lizzie Mauzy and the second announces the wedding of Thomas Hildebrand to Maggie Newman.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk. (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Snyder Family Papers, ca. 1850-1901, comprise two account books and photographs documenting the John Snyder family of Augusta County, Virginia.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Snyder family","Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021","Snyder, John","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0204","/repositories/4/resources/335"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Snyder Family papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Snyder Family papers"],"collection_ssim":["Snyder Family papers"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia -- History, Local"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia -- History, Local"],"creator_ssm":["Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021","Snyder family"],"creator_ssim":["Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021","Snyder family"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Snyder family"],"creators_ssim":["Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021","Snyder family"],"places_ssim":["Virginia -- History, Local"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk. (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The ledgers and photo album were purchased September 17, 2011 at the Mt. Solon, Virginia estate sale of Charles Weekley. Weekley's real estate and personal property were sold by auctioneer Charley Whetzel."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Blacksmiths -- Virginia -- Records and correspondence","Account books -- Sources","Business records -- Sources","Account books","Photographs","Family papers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Blacksmiths -- Virginia -- Records and correspondence","Account books -- Sources","Business records -- Sources","Account books","Photographs","Family papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.3 cubic feet 3 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.3 cubic feet 3 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Account books","Photographs","Family papers"],"date_range_isim":[1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe ledgers are housed in a custom box and arranged chronologically. During initial processing in 2011, the photographs were each assigned a unique identification number based on their original collection number P0004 and according to their original order in the now discarded photo album. They are arranged accordingly. Three photographs are housed in a separate folder due to their larger size.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The ledgers are housed in a custom box and arranged chronologically. During initial processing in 2011, the photographs were each assigned a unique identification number based on their original collection number P0004 and according to their original order in the now discarded photo album. They are arranged accordingly. Three photographs are housed in a separate folder due to their larger size."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003e1860 United States Census, Augusta County, Virginia. http://www.shambaugh.org/1860VA.htm (Accessed 14 Nov. 2011).\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e Directory of the Representative Business and Professional Men of Augusta County and Staunton. Rohrer \u0026amp; Diamond, 1899. http://files.usgwarchives.net/va/augusta/misc/1899biz-m-z.txt (Accessed 14 Nov. 2011).\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e \"Sheets Family of Pennsylvania, Virginia, and Iowa.\" http://annasheets.brinkster.net/sheets.htmljohn (Accessed 14 Nov. 2011).\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["1860 United States Census, Augusta County, Virginia. http://www.shambaugh.org/1860VA.htm (Accessed 14 Nov. 2011).  Directory of the Representative Business and Professional Men of Augusta County and Staunton. Rohrer \u0026 Diamond, 1899. http://files.usgwarchives.net/va/augusta/misc/1899biz-m-z.txt (Accessed 14 Nov. 2011).  \"Sheets Family of Pennsylvania, Virginia, and Iowa.\" http://annasheets.brinkster.net/sheets.htmljohn (Accessed 14 Nov. 2011)."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe ledgers provide very little concrete information about John Snyder except for that he was a blacksmith most likely living in the Augusta County area during the 1850s and 1860s. The 1860 census lists a J. Snyder living in Augusta County who is married to S. Snyder, with two children: W. H. and J. A. Snyder. The 1860 census, along with the 1899 Augusta County Business Directory, also lists J. Snyder as a blacksmith. Additionally, a genealogy site documenting the Sheets family of Pennsylvania, Virginia, and Iowa references a John Snyder who was born in 1824 and died after 1900 in Augusta County. This John Snyder was married to his cousin, Sarah Sheetz, in March 1849, and together they had four children: William H. Snyder (b. 1849), Joseph A. Snyder (b. 1851), Martin Snyder (b. 1861), and Lewis J. Snyder (b. 1863). The genealogy site also mentions that John worked as a blacksmith as well as a farmer. All of this information is consistent with the business directory, census records, and dates of the ledgers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Snyder family photo album originally included a sheet of paper that records the date of death of a John Snyder on February 7, 1901, a date that correlates with the information above. This document is retained in the collection. A few of the photographs inside of the album contain captions such as \"Uncle John,\" \"Lewis Snyder,\" and \"Cousin Martin Snyder,\" indicating that the album may have been owned by a sibling or cousin of John or Sarah Snyder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The ledgers provide very little concrete information about John Snyder except for that he was a blacksmith most likely living in the Augusta County area during the 1850s and 1860s. The 1860 census lists a J. Snyder living in Augusta County who is married to S. Snyder, with two children: W. H. and J. A. Snyder. The 1860 census, along with the 1899 Augusta County Business Directory, also lists J. Snyder as a blacksmith. Additionally, a genealogy site documenting the Sheets family of Pennsylvania, Virginia, and Iowa references a John Snyder who was born in 1824 and died after 1900 in Augusta County. This John Snyder was married to his cousin, Sarah Sheetz, in March 1849, and together they had four children: William H. Snyder (b. 1849), Joseph A. Snyder (b. 1851), Martin Snyder (b. 1861), and Lewis J. Snyder (b. 1863). The genealogy site also mentions that John worked as a blacksmith as well as a farmer. All of this information is consistent with the business directory, census records, and dates of the ledgers. ","The Snyder family photo album originally included a sheet of paper that records the date of death of a John Snyder on February 7, 1901, a date that correlates with the information above. This document is retained in the collection. A few of the photographs inside of the album contain captions such as \"Uncle John,\" \"Lewis Snyder,\" and \"Cousin Martin Snyder,\" indicating that the album may have been owned by a sibling or cousin of John or Sarah Snyder."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Snyder Family Papers, ca. 1850-1901, SC 0204, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Snyder Family Papers, ca. 1850-1901, SC 0204, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2019. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThe Snyder Ledger Collection was previously cataloged as SC 5026. The Snyder Family Photograph Collection was previously cataloged as P 0004\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs part of renumbering, the two Snyder collections were combined in an attempt to reestablish original order. Both collections were acquired from the same estate sale and have shared provenance, but during initial processing in 2011 the materials were inexplicably separated by format (photographs and ledgers) and arranged into two collections. The photographs were originally housed in a photo album, but were removed and placed in individual paper envelopes. The photographs were assigned unique identifiers and filed according to their original order in the photo album. Three newspaper clippings containing Snyder family obituaries were affixed to the inside covers of the photo album. The clippings were photocopied and originals discarded. The biographical note was not significantly updated during reprocessing.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2019.  The Snyder Ledger Collection was previously cataloged as SC 5026. The Snyder Family Photograph Collection was previously cataloged as P 0004","As part of renumbering, the two Snyder collections were combined in an attempt to reestablish original order. Both collections were acquired from the same estate sale and have shared provenance, but during initial processing in 2011 the materials were inexplicably separated by format (photographs and ledgers) and arranged into two collections. The photographs were originally housed in a photo album, but were removed and placed in individual paper envelopes. The photographs were assigned unique identifiers and filed according to their original order in the photo album. Three newspaper clippings containing Snyder family obituaries were affixed to the inside covers of the photo album. The clippings were photocopied and originals discarded. The biographical note was not significantly updated during reprocessing."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Snyder Family Papers, ca. 1805-1901, comprise two account books and photographs documenting the John Snyder (variously spelled Snider) family of Augusta County. Snyder was a blacksmith operating out of Parnassus in Augusta County, Virginia. Surnames recorded in the ledgers include Showalter, Moyer, Miller, Shumate, and Huffman.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe 46 photographs in the collection include albumen prints, collodion prints, gelatin developing-out paper, and tintypes. All of the photos are black and white or sepia in color, and most are accompanied by a matte frame or a decorative paper sleeve. The photographs are housed individually and are arranged in the original order they were found in upon removal from the photo album. There are presumably images of John Snyder and two of his children in this collection. Notations by said photograph refer to him as \"Uncle John.\" There is also an obituary for John A. Marshall, whose children are included in the images and are referred to as cousins. From the little amount of information available, it is possible that the album was owned by a sister of John Snyder who married into the Marshall family, or perhaps a child of said sister.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, full-body front view portrait of a man and a woman; the man sits in a chair with the woman standing just behind his right shoulder. Most likely a collodion print attached to white cardboard with a gilded edge. Photographer: Lively, East Main Street, McMinnville, Tennessee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn albumen print of a full-body front view portrait of a man and a woman posing in front of a rustic backdrop. The man sits with the woman standing by his right shoulder. Photo album caption identifies man to be \"Luis Snyder.\" Print is attached to cream colored cardboard with a gilded edge.\tPhotographer: J. M. Hill, Bridgewater, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, full body front view of two young, finely dressed children playing in a dirt road; a young boy pulls a toddler in a small wagon. Most likely a collodion print attached to cream colored cardboard.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, almost full body front view portrait of a young man sitting in a chair and resting his arm on a table. Photo album caption identifies man to be \"Uncle John.\" Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with an ornate red border.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSepia, waist-up front view of a man that is looking directly into the camera. Photo album caption identifies him to be \"Uncle Frank.\" Most likely an albumen print attached to thin cream-colored cardboard.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view portrait of a young boy who is looking into the camera. A red bowtie seems to be colored/drawn in to the photo. \"Luis Snyder\" written in pencil on the back of the encasing, and a photo album caption also reads \"Mother's half brothers.\" Tintype housed in a tan paper sleeve with an ornate red border, and a piece of lined notebook paper glued to the back.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view portrait of a man who is looking into the camera. Photo album caption underneath read \"Mother's half brothers.\" Tintype housed in an embellished white paper sleeve.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view portrait of a man and a woman, who is holding an open book. This image was also housed above the photo album caption \"Mother's half brothers.\" Most likely an albumen print attached to thin cream-colored cardboard. Photographer: T. L. Darnell, Cumberland, Maryland.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, shoulders-up front view portrait of two young women. \"Rena\" written in pencil on the back. Most likely a collodion print attached to thick black cardboard.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view of a man sitting in between two women in front of a stone brick building. Caption on the back reads \"my bachelor son and two of his cousins at Lincoln farm sitting on a part of the memorial building.\" Possibly printed on gelatin developing-out paper.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, shoulders-up front view of a young woman looking to the right of the camera and wearing a very ornate hat. Most likely a collodion print attached to small piece of cardboard that is cut with a gilded edge.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, shoulders-up front view of a young boy who is looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"John.\" Tintype housed in an embellished cream-colored paper sleeve.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, shoulders-up front view of an elderly man who is looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"Father.\" Tintype housed in an embellished cream-colored paper sleeve.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view portrait of a very young girl who is shyly looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies her as \"Irena.\" Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with a red border that is badly stained.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view portrait of a young boy sitting who is looking into the camera and sitting in a chair. \"John\" written in pencil on the front of the paper sleeve. Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with a red border that is badly stained.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view portrait of a young man who is looking into the camera. \"John\" is written in pencil on the front of the paper sleeve. Tintype housed in an orange paper sleeve with an ornate red border.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view portrait of a young girl. The flowers of the bow on the front of her dress seemed to be colored in red or pink. \"Irena\" is written in pencil on the front of the paper sleeve. Tintype housed in a cream-colored paper sleeve with a red border.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSmall card with an illustration of a bird, flowers, and small house with the inscription \"With God all things are possible. Matth. 19-26.\" \"From Pattie Marshall\" is written in pencil on the back.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSepia, front view of a cow standing in a fenced-in area and looking into the camera. Possibly an albumen print attached to embellished gray cardboard.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSepia, front view portrait of a baby that is looking to the right of the camera. \"Myrtle Genevieve Ekleberry 5 mo old\" is written in pencil on the back. Most likely an albumen print attached to white cardboard with a gilded edge.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSepia, full-body front view portrait of a man and a woman that are dressed for a special occasion such as a wedding. Albumen print attached to embellished white cardboard. Photographer: Shellabarger, Horton, Kansas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, full-body front view of a young female toddler who is looking to the left of the camera. Collodion print attached to black cardboard. Photographer: Shellabarger, Horton, Kansas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSepia, full-body front view portrait of a man sitting in a chair, with a woman standing to his left and resting her arm on his shoulder. Both are looking into the camera. Albumen print attached to pink cardboard with a gold border on the front. Photographer: B. A. Blakemore's Photo Art Gallery, Augusta Street, Staunton, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSepia, front portrait view of a man with a full beard and mustache who is looking slightly to the right of the camera. Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with an ornate red border.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSepia, full-body front view of a man sitting in a chair in front of a scenic backdrop. Tintype housed in a paper sleeve with cut corners and an ornate red border.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view portrait of a man who is looking slightly to the right of the camera. \"Cousin Joe Snyder\" written in pencil on the back of the sleeve. Tintype housed in an embellished yellow and purple paper sleeve. Photographer: B. A. Blakemore's Photograph Gallery, No. 4 North Augusta Street, Staunton, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSepia, silhouette portrait of a young woman with her hair ornately braided. Possibly an albumen print that is a copy of an older photograph, glued to a thin piece of tan cardboard. Photographer: Johnston's Star Gallery, Richland Center, Wisconsin.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSepia, full-body portrait of an elderly man sitting in a chair and an elderly woman, who is standing next to the man with her hand resting on his shoulder. Albumen print glued to a thin piece of tan cardboard.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view portrait of a young man who is looking slightly to the right of the camera. Most likely an albumen print glued to a thin piece of tan cardboard with a red border. Photographer: Johnston's Star Gallery, Richland Center, Wisconsin.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view portrait of a middle-aged man who is looking slightly to the right of the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"Father.\" Tintype housed in a a paper sleeve that is orange with an ornate red border on the front, and purple on the back. Photographer: B. A. Blakemore's Photographic Gallery, Augusta Street, Staunton, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view of a woman sitting in front of an elaborate backdrop. Photo album caption identifies her as \"Mother.\" Tintype.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSepia, front view of a man who is smiling and looking into the camera. Albumen print attached to peach-colored cardboard. Photographer: Locke, Richland Center, Wisconsin.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view of a young woman who is sitting and looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies her as \"Sister,\" and the date is written in pencil on the back. Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with an ornate gold border.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view of a boy who is looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"John.\" Tintype housed in a tan-grey colored paper sleeve with a pink back, and an ornate gold border.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view of a young man looking slightly to the left of the camera. Tintype housed in an embellished light pink paper sleeve.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view of a woman who is looking to the right of the camera. Most likely a collodion print attached to green, cream, and gold cardboard. Photographer: W. J. Hillman, Richland Center, Wisconsin.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view portrait of a man who is looking to the right of the camera. Tintype housed in an orange paper sleeve with an ornate red border.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, full-body front view portrait of a man and a woman who are looking into the camera; the man sits in a chair while the woman stands to his life, with her hand on his shoulder. They both stand in front of an elaborate backdrop. \"Miss E. I. Snyder\" written in blue ink on the back.Most likely a collodion print attached to green and gold cardboard. Photographer: W. J. Hillman, Richland Center, Wisconsin.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view portrait of a young man who is sitting and looking to the right of the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"Lewis Snyder.\" Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with an ornate red border. Photographer: B. A. Blakemore's Photograph Gallery, Staunton, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view portrait of a young man who is sitting and looking to the right of the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"Lewis Snyder.\" Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with an ornate red border. Photographer: B. A. Blakemore's Photograph Gallery, Staunton, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, full-body front view portrait of a man sitting in a chair in front of a scenic backdrop and looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"Cousin Martin Snyder.\" Tintype.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, full-body portrait of a woman standing next to and resting her left hand on a chair. Most likely a collodion print attached to a piece of stained cardboard with a gold border.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, full-body portrait of a woman sitting on a bench with a young girl standing to her right and a young boy standing to her left. All three are posed in front of a scenic backdrop. \"Belongs to Abr. \u0026amp; T. Paschal\" written in pencil on the back. Most likely a collodion print attached to stained white cardboard with gold trim at the bottom.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view portrait of a man who is looking to the left of the camera. Most likely a collodion print attached to green cardboard with a gold border. Photographer: W. J. Hillman, Richland Center, Wisconsin.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, full-body front view of a baby girl who is looking to the left of the camera. \"Miss Ellen Vogel, aged 8 months Aug 3 1898\" is written in pencil on the back. Collodion print attached to cream-colored cardboard. Photographer: Mrs. W. D. Hughes, McMinnville, Tennessee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view portrait of a man who is looking slightly to the left of the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"Cousin Burnet Marshall Lill's brother.\" Collodion print attached to dark grey cardboard.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white, front view portrait of a man and a woman that are sitting and looking to the right of the camera, while a very young girl stands in between them with her hands on each of their shoulders and looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies the woman as \"Lill Marshall Wilson.\" Collodion print attached to dark grey cardboard.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA piece of paper housed behind P0004.01.001 in the photo album. \"J O, G A E\" written in pencil.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA piece of notepad paper that was placed behind the front cover of the photo album. Contains information about the deaths of various Snyder family members.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo photocopied obituaries. One documents the life and death of John A. Marshall (1828-1897) and the second announces the death of John F. Snider.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopied marriage announcements. One documents the wedding of F. J. Marshall and Lizzie Mauzy and the second announces the wedding of Thomas Hildebrand to Maggie Newman.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Snyder Family Papers, ca. 1805-1901, comprise two account books and photographs documenting the John Snyder (variously spelled Snider) family of Augusta County. Snyder was a blacksmith operating out of Parnassus in Augusta County, Virginia. Surnames recorded in the ledgers include Showalter, Moyer, Miller, Shumate, and Huffman.","The 46 photographs in the collection include albumen prints, collodion prints, gelatin developing-out paper, and tintypes. All of the photos are black and white or sepia in color, and most are accompanied by a matte frame or a decorative paper sleeve. The photographs are housed individually and are arranged in the original order they were found in upon removal from the photo album. There are presumably images of John Snyder and two of his children in this collection. Notations by said photograph refer to him as \"Uncle John.\" There is also an obituary for John A. Marshall, whose children are included in the images and are referred to as cousins. From the little amount of information available, it is possible that the album was owned by a sister of John Snyder who married into the Marshall family, or perhaps a child of said sister.","Black and white, full-body front view portrait of a man and a woman; the man sits in a chair with the woman standing just behind his right shoulder. Most likely a collodion print attached to white cardboard with a gilded edge. Photographer: Lively, East Main Street, McMinnville, Tennessee.","An albumen print of a full-body front view portrait of a man and a woman posing in front of a rustic backdrop. The man sits with the woman standing by his right shoulder. Photo album caption identifies man to be \"Luis Snyder.\" Print is attached to cream colored cardboard with a gilded edge.\tPhotographer: J. M. Hill, Bridgewater, Virginia.","Black and white, full body front view of two young, finely dressed children playing in a dirt road; a young boy pulls a toddler in a small wagon. Most likely a collodion print attached to cream colored cardboard.","Black and white, almost full body front view portrait of a young man sitting in a chair and resting his arm on a table. Photo album caption identifies man to be \"Uncle John.\" Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with an ornate red border.","Sepia, waist-up front view of a man that is looking directly into the camera. Photo album caption identifies him to be \"Uncle Frank.\" Most likely an albumen print attached to thin cream-colored cardboard.","Black and white, front view portrait of a young boy who is looking into the camera. A red bowtie seems to be colored/drawn in to the photo. \"Luis Snyder\" written in pencil on the back of the encasing, and a photo album caption also reads \"Mother's half brothers.\" Tintype housed in a tan paper sleeve with an ornate red border, and a piece of lined notebook paper glued to the back.","Black and white, front view portrait of a man who is looking into the camera. Photo album caption underneath read \"Mother's half brothers.\" Tintype housed in an embellished white paper sleeve.","Black and white, front view portrait of a man and a woman, who is holding an open book. This image was also housed above the photo album caption \"Mother's half brothers.\" Most likely an albumen print attached to thin cream-colored cardboard. Photographer: T. L. Darnell, Cumberland, Maryland.","Black and white, shoulders-up front view portrait of two young women. \"Rena\" written in pencil on the back. Most likely a collodion print attached to thick black cardboard.","Black and white, front view of a man sitting in between two women in front of a stone brick building. Caption on the back reads \"my bachelor son and two of his cousins at Lincoln farm sitting on a part of the memorial building.\" Possibly printed on gelatin developing-out paper.","Black and white, shoulders-up front view of a young woman looking to the right of the camera and wearing a very ornate hat. Most likely a collodion print attached to small piece of cardboard that is cut with a gilded edge.","Black and white, shoulders-up front view of a young boy who is looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"John.\" Tintype housed in an embellished cream-colored paper sleeve.","Black and white, shoulders-up front view of an elderly man who is looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"Father.\" Tintype housed in an embellished cream-colored paper sleeve.","Black and white, front view portrait of a very young girl who is shyly looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies her as \"Irena.\" Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with a red border that is badly stained.","Black and white, front view portrait of a young boy sitting who is looking into the camera and sitting in a chair. \"John\" written in pencil on the front of the paper sleeve. Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with a red border that is badly stained.","Black and white, front view portrait of a young man who is looking into the camera. \"John\" is written in pencil on the front of the paper sleeve. Tintype housed in an orange paper sleeve with an ornate red border.","Black and white, front view portrait of a young girl. The flowers of the bow on the front of her dress seemed to be colored in red or pink. \"Irena\" is written in pencil on the front of the paper sleeve. Tintype housed in a cream-colored paper sleeve with a red border.","Small card with an illustration of a bird, flowers, and small house with the inscription \"With God all things are possible. Matth. 19-26.\" \"From Pattie Marshall\" is written in pencil on the back.","Sepia, front view of a cow standing in a fenced-in area and looking into the camera. Possibly an albumen print attached to embellished gray cardboard.","Sepia, front view portrait of a baby that is looking to the right of the camera. \"Myrtle Genevieve Ekleberry 5 mo old\" is written in pencil on the back. Most likely an albumen print attached to white cardboard with a gilded edge.","Sepia, full-body front view portrait of a man and a woman that are dressed for a special occasion such as a wedding. Albumen print attached to embellished white cardboard. Photographer: Shellabarger, Horton, Kansas.","Black and white, full-body front view of a young female toddler who is looking to the left of the camera. Collodion print attached to black cardboard. Photographer: Shellabarger, Horton, Kansas.","Sepia, full-body front view portrait of a man sitting in a chair, with a woman standing to his left and resting her arm on his shoulder. Both are looking into the camera. Albumen print attached to pink cardboard with a gold border on the front. Photographer: B. A. Blakemore's Photo Art Gallery, Augusta Street, Staunton, Virginia.","Sepia, front portrait view of a man with a full beard and mustache who is looking slightly to the right of the camera. Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with an ornate red border.","Sepia, full-body front view of a man sitting in a chair in front of a scenic backdrop. Tintype housed in a paper sleeve with cut corners and an ornate red border.","Black and white, front view portrait of a man who is looking slightly to the right of the camera. \"Cousin Joe Snyder\" written in pencil on the back of the sleeve. Tintype housed in an embellished yellow and purple paper sleeve. Photographer: B. A. Blakemore's Photograph Gallery, No. 4 North Augusta Street, Staunton, Virginia.","Sepia, silhouette portrait of a young woman with her hair ornately braided. Possibly an albumen print that is a copy of an older photograph, glued to a thin piece of tan cardboard. Photographer: Johnston's Star Gallery, Richland Center, Wisconsin.","Sepia, full-body portrait of an elderly man sitting in a chair and an elderly woman, who is standing next to the man with her hand resting on his shoulder. Albumen print glued to a thin piece of tan cardboard.","Black and white, front view portrait of a young man who is looking slightly to the right of the camera. Most likely an albumen print glued to a thin piece of tan cardboard with a red border. Photographer: Johnston's Star Gallery, Richland Center, Wisconsin.","Black and white, front view portrait of a middle-aged man who is looking slightly to the right of the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"Father.\" Tintype housed in a a paper sleeve that is orange with an ornate red border on the front, and purple on the back. Photographer: B. A. Blakemore's Photographic Gallery, Augusta Street, Staunton, Virginia.","Black and white, front view of a woman sitting in front of an elaborate backdrop. Photo album caption identifies her as \"Mother.\" Tintype.","Sepia, front view of a man who is smiling and looking into the camera. Albumen print attached to peach-colored cardboard. Photographer: Locke, Richland Center, Wisconsin.","Black and white, front view of a young woman who is sitting and looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies her as \"Sister,\" and the date is written in pencil on the back. Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with an ornate gold border.","Black and white, front view of a boy who is looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"John.\" Tintype housed in a tan-grey colored paper sleeve with a pink back, and an ornate gold border.","Black and white, front view of a young man looking slightly to the left of the camera. Tintype housed in an embellished light pink paper sleeve.","Black and white, front view of a woman who is looking to the right of the camera. Most likely a collodion print attached to green, cream, and gold cardboard. Photographer: W. J. Hillman, Richland Center, Wisconsin.","Black and white, front view portrait of a man who is looking to the right of the camera. Tintype housed in an orange paper sleeve with an ornate red border.","Black and white, full-body front view portrait of a man and a woman who are looking into the camera; the man sits in a chair while the woman stands to his life, with her hand on his shoulder. They both stand in front of an elaborate backdrop. \"Miss E. I. Snyder\" written in blue ink on the back.Most likely a collodion print attached to green and gold cardboard. Photographer: W. J. Hillman, Richland Center, Wisconsin.","Black and white, front view portrait of a young man who is sitting and looking to the right of the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"Lewis Snyder.\" Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with an ornate red border. Photographer: B. A. Blakemore's Photograph Gallery, Staunton, Virginia.","Black and white, front view portrait of a young man who is sitting and looking to the right of the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"Lewis Snyder.\" Tintype housed in a white paper sleeve with an ornate red border. Photographer: B. A. Blakemore's Photograph Gallery, Staunton, Virginia.","Black and white, full-body front view portrait of a man sitting in a chair in front of a scenic backdrop and looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"Cousin Martin Snyder.\" Tintype.","Black and white, full-body portrait of a woman standing next to and resting her left hand on a chair. Most likely a collodion print attached to a piece of stained cardboard with a gold border.","Black and white, full-body portrait of a woman sitting on a bench with a young girl standing to her right and a young boy standing to her left. All three are posed in front of a scenic backdrop. \"Belongs to Abr. \u0026 T. Paschal\" written in pencil on the back. Most likely a collodion print attached to stained white cardboard with gold trim at the bottom.","Black and white, front view portrait of a man who is looking to the left of the camera. Most likely a collodion print attached to green cardboard with a gold border. Photographer: W. J. Hillman, Richland Center, Wisconsin.","Black and white, full-body front view of a baby girl who is looking to the left of the camera. \"Miss Ellen Vogel, aged 8 months Aug 3 1898\" is written in pencil on the back. Collodion print attached to cream-colored cardboard. Photographer: Mrs. W. D. Hughes, McMinnville, Tennessee.","Black and white, front view portrait of a man who is looking slightly to the left of the camera. Photo album caption identifies him as \"Cousin Burnet Marshall Lill's brother.\" Collodion print attached to dark grey cardboard.","Black and white, front view portrait of a man and a woman that are sitting and looking to the right of the camera, while a very young girl stands in between them with her hands on each of their shoulders and looking into the camera. Photo album caption identifies the woman as \"Lill Marshall Wilson.\" Collodion print attached to dark grey cardboard.","A piece of paper housed behind P0004.01.001 in the photo album. \"J O, G A E\" written in pencil.","A piece of notepad paper that was placed behind the front cover of the photo album. Contains information about the deaths of various Snyder family members.","Two photocopied obituaries. One documents the life and death of John A. Marshall (1828-1897) and the second announces the death of John F. Snider.","Photocopied marriage announcements. One documents the wedding of F. J. Marshall and Lizzie Mauzy and the second announces the wedding of Thomas Hildebrand to Maggie Newman."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk. (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk. (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_11401202a8bad3b82334009542b502c1\"\u003eThe Snyder Family Papers, ca. 1850-1901, comprise two account books and photographs documenting the John Snyder family of Augusta County, Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Snyder Family Papers, ca. 1850-1901, comprise two account books and photographs documenting the John Snyder family of Augusta County, Virginia."],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Snyder family","Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021","Snyder, John"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections"],"names_coll_ssim":["Snyder family","Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021","Snyder, John"],"famname_ssim":["Snyder family"],"persname_ssim":["Whetzel, Charlie, 1940-2021","Snyder, John"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":56,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:21:32.588Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_335"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_429_c03_c05","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Solomon D. Henkel financial papers","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_429_c03_c05#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_429_c03_c05","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_429_c03_c05"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_429_c03_c05","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_429","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_429","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_429_c03","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_429_c03","parent_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_429","vihart_repositories_4_resources_429_c03"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_429","vihart_repositories_4_resources_429_c03"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Henkel Family Papers","Financial Files"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Henkel Family Papers","Financial Files"],"text":["Henkel Family Papers","Financial Files","Solomon D. Henkel financial papers","box 2","folder 14"],"title_filing_ssi":"Solomon D. Henkel financial papers","title_ssm":["Solomon D. Henkel financial papers"],"title_tesim":["Solomon D. Henkel financial papers"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1847-1869"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1847/1869"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Solomon D. Henkel financial papers"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Henkel Family Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":65,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"date_range_isim":[1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869],"containers_ssim":["box 2","folder 14"],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#4","timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:19:36.409Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_429","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_429","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_429","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_429","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_429.xml","title_ssm":["Henkel Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Henkel Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1801-2008"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1801-2008"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0253","/repositories/4/resources/429"],"text":["SC 0253","/repositories/4/resources/429","Henkel Family Papers","New Market (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah County (Va.) -- History","Shenandoah County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Shenandoah County (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Genealogy","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","Virginia -- History","Virginia -- History, Local"," United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Slavery -- Virginia -- 19th century","Sawmills -- Virginia","Letters (correspondence)","Songbooks","Copybooks (instructional materials)","Personal papers","Financial Records","Promissory notes","Receipts (financial records)","Daybooks","Account books","Genealogies (histories)","Research notes","Photographs","Postcards","Family papers","School records","Report Cards","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","A representative sample of course materials, comprising parctice invoices, checks, ledgers, day books, cash books, etc., created by Lillian Henkel and Harry S. Henkel were retained. Excessive duplicates, brittle and highly acidic documents, and materials with negligible research value were weeded from the 2023-0329 accession.","The collection is arranged in five series:","Correspondence, 1827-1913 Personal Papers, 1801-1881 Financial Files, 1832-1894 Genealogy and Research Files, 1890-2008 2023-0329 Accession, 1864-1923","United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service.  Plains Mill, VDHR File No. 082-5403, National Register of Historic Places Registration Form . 2014.","Wittig, Mildred Renalds.  Henkel – Renalds Connection: with Ancestral Scripts and Collections . Harrisonburg, Va.: Custom Printing, 2014.","Several complete and thorough genealogies have been written about the Henkel family and their contributions as doctors, printers, entrepreneurs, millers, and religious leaders. As such, this biographical note does not serve as an exhaustive rehashing of previous scholarship. Researchers are encouraged to review published secondary sources for additional information on the Henkel family.","The Henkel Family of Virginia's Shenandoah Valley descends from Rev. Paul Henkel (1754-1825) and Elizabeth Henkel (d. 1843). Siram Peter Henkel, who along with his immediate family is primarily documented in this collection, was the fifth child of Dr. Solomon Henkel (1777-1847) and Rebecca Miller Henkel (1780-1854) and grandson of Rev. Paul Henkel.","Siram was born March 16, 1809 in New Market, Virginia. In an attempt to follow in his father's footsteps, Siram attended, but did not complete, medical school at the University of Pennsylvania. He married Margaret Koiner (variously spelled Coiner) Henkel (1820-1899) of Augusta County, Virginia on June 30, 1835. The couple settled at \"The Plains\" – located between New Market and Timberville – in September 1835 and their thirteen children, many of whom are also documented in this collection, were born and raised there. Siram farmed various crops and also operated a store and mill at The Plains. The Plains Mill was erected between 1847 and 1849 under the direction of Siram and his father Solomon, prior to his death in August 1847.","During the American Civil War, two of Siram and Margeret's sons served for the Confederacy. Lewis Philip (1837-1904) served in the Ordance Department of the Confederate Army. Around 1863, Lewis became a member of Co. H (Valley Rangers) of the 10th Virginia Cavalry. Luther Melanchton (1841-1919) was also a member of the Confederate Army and wrote home to his father from various camps. Lewis and Luther's brother Samuel Augustus (1840-1885) was exempt from military duty due to medical reasons. He became epileptic after sustaining injuries from run-away horses in 1855.","In 1878, one year prior to Siram's death, he sketched the plans for a new house at Plains Mill. The house was built in 1882 and served as the residence for Siram's widow, Margaret, until her death in 1899. The aforementioned sketch and photographs of the completed house are found in this collection.","Heleah Margaret Henkel, daughter of Siram and Margaret Henkel, married William M. Renalds in 1893. Their family is heavily documented in the 2023 accession materials.","Material was property of a Henkel family descendant, presumably Mildred Renalds Wittig, great-granddaughter of Siram and Margaret Koiner Henkel.","Materials in the 2023-0329 accession, purchased from ZH Books, share provenance with the rest of the collection in that they descended through the Henkel family to Mildred Renalds Wittig before being sold at Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates' March 2, 2022 Winter Americana sale.","The materials in this series share provenance with the rest of the collection in that they descended through the Henkel family to Mildred Renalds Wittig before being sold at Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates' March 2, 2022 Winter Americana sale.","Much of the collection was received in three-ring binders with the manuscripts in plastic sleeves. The correspondence was generally arranged in chronological order. The documents were removed from the binders and plastic sleeves and placed in Mylar when necessary.","Henkel Family Papers, 1783-1916, SC 0099, Special Collections, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.","Henkel Family Papers, David M. Rubenstein Rare Book \u0026 Manuscript Library, Duke University.","Henkel family records, 1838-1903. Business records collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond.","Henkel-Miller Family Papers, 1793-1910, #14434, Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Va.","Henkel Plain Mills Store Daybook, 1835-1849, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.","Multiple collections under the accession number 8653, Special Collections Department, University of Virginia Library.","Many of the documents in this collection are copied and transcribed in Mildred Renalds Wittig's  Henkel – Renalds Connection  (2014).","The Henkel Family Papers, 1801-2008, document the influential Henkel family of Shenandoah and Rockingham counties in Virginia's Shenandoah Valley. The collection, chiefly documenting the Siram and Margaret Koiner Henkel line of the family, is comprised primarily of correspondence written to Siram P. Henkel and includes letters from his sons Lewis and Luther during their service in the American Civil War. The collection also includes personal and financial papers of various Henkel family members including Siram's children and genealogical research materials, much of which was used to inform Mildred Renalds Wittig's  Henkel – Renalds Connection: with Ancestral Scripts and Collections  (2014).","Series 1: Correspondence, 1827-1913, chiefly contains letters written to Siram P. Henkel with correspondents including members of the Koiner/Coiner family of Augusta County, the Miller family of Winchester, and the Rupert family of Augusta County. The correspondents report on family and community news, marriages, health and illnesses, deaths, weather, harvest and planting updates, crop yields, and include fellow merchants requesting advice on the market of certain goods and numerous requests for Dr. Henkel's pills. Of particular interest are the letters written to Siram by his sons Lewis and Luther while serving in the American Civil War. The sons, and Luther in particular, write about camp life and general updates related to the war. In a December 21, 1861 letter to his father, Lewis P. Henkel writes from Winchester and mentions General Stonewall Jackson. He also refers to General Gilbert S. Meem as \"Genl. Drunk.\"","This series also contains correspondence to/from other Henkel family members including Dr. Solomon Henkel, Samuel G. Henkel, Solomon D. Henkel, Maggie Henkel Renalds, Lillian Henkel, and Margaret Koiner Henkel.","The documentary record confirms that Margaret Koiner Henkel's family were enslavers and given the date of much of the correspondence, a portion relates to slavery and enslaved persons. Delia Koiner Overholt wrote to her sister Margaret Henkel on May 28, 1847 relaying the news of their grandfather's death. She goes on to write that \"eleven or twelve blacks are to be sold and a great deal of property.\" In a January 24, 1857 letter to Siram Henkel, Delia Koiner Overholt writes again to describe in detail describes the sale of enslaved persons from her grandfather's estate. A similarly noteworthy letter, dated August 13, 1835, was penned by Siram Henkel to his wife Margaret in which he describes a large \"drove\" of enslaved persons that passed through the Valley. He describes the scene as follows: \"There were eighty-four chained together to one long chain; there were also a great many women and children that were also in company; the whole number of men, women \u0026 children was two hundred and forty.\" There are two original copies of this letter in the collection.","All correspondence addressed to Dr. Solomon Henkel and/or Solomon Henkel P.M. is filed with Solomon Henkel (1777-1847), who was a practicing physician and served as Shenandoah County's first postmaster. A concerted effort was made on behalf of the archivist to not confuse his papers with those of his son Solomon David Henkel (1815-1872).","Much of the correspondence includes envelopes or address leaves. The correspondence is arranged primarily by recipient, but in cases where the recipient is unknown (e.g. non-specific salutations and greetings or lack of return address), the correspondence is filed with miscellaneous correspondence. Some of the letters have non-original annotations on the address leaves relating to content or the correspondents.","Series 2: Personal Papers, 1801-1881, includes miscellaneous papers from the immediate family of Siram Henkel. School papers and writing assignements from Siram and Margaret Henkel's children, Lewis, Samuel, Julia, Martin, and Maggie are included. The documents include a January 17, 1881 essay on politeness written by Maggie Henkel.","The series also includes a manuscript music book penned by Siram's mother, Rebecca Miller Henkel, a grammar copybook belonging to Siram's brother Slyvanus Henkel, and Siram's 1878 plans for his family's new home place at Plains Mill.","Series 3: Financial Files, 1832-1894, contains receipts, ledger pages, and promissory notes. Included in Siram Henkel's financial papers is a form of the estimate and assessment of agricultural products to be taxed by the government of the Confederate States. Of particular interest is Paul P. Henkel's 1844-1872 daybook entitled \"Sawmill Book No. 3\" documenting the sawmill owned by Solomon Henkel. The daybook records prices for sawing and details sawing activities. Elizabeth Garber Renalds' account book and journal documents egg business and other farming and day-to-day activities while the family was living at the Lincoln Homestead on Linville Creek south of Broadway.","Series 4: Genealogy and Research Files, 1890-2008, is comprised of research material, much of which was used to inform Mildred Renalds Wittig's  Henkel – Renalds Connection: with Ancestral Scripts and Collections  (2014). Documents include family trees, facsimiles of correspondence and manuscript material not otherwise found in this collection, photographs of Henkel family members and properties including Plains Mill and the Plains School, newspaper clippings, Henkel family reunion materials, and blank postcards. An oversize reproduction of a blank family register printed by Ambrose Henkel \u0026 Comp. is included.","Series 5: 2023-0329 Accession, 1864-1923, includes Henkel family correspondence, Renalds family correspondence, and letters written to Ray Renalds while he was admitted to Rockingham Memorial Hospital in 1923 for an undisclosed illness.","School materials were created by Lillian Henkel while a student at the Shenandoah Institute in Dayton and Harry S. Henkel while a student at Dunsmore Business College in Staunton. Coursework created by Ray Renalds while a student at Shenandoah Luthern Institute is included.","Front covers of bound volumes are inscribed \"Lillian M. Henkel, Shenandoah Institute, Sept. 20, 1900\"","Tuition for Ray and Richard Renalds.","Several issues of serials including the  Lutheran Church Visitor  and the  Southern Churchman  have been removed from the collection and cataloged as part of Special Collections' rare book collection. Additionally, the facsimile publication of the  Day Book for Solomon Henkel at the Plains Mills, Rockingham County, Virginia  (2013) and Mildred Renalds Wittig's  Henkel – Renalds Connection: with Ancestral Scripts and Collections  (2nd ed., 2014) were removed from the collection and cataloged separately. Additional books and a broadside from the 2019 accession were cataloged separately. Two issues of  Shenandoah Valley  (1900), a New Market newspaper, were separated from the 2023-0329 accession and added to existing holdings in Special Collections.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Henkel Family Papers, 1801-2008, document the influential Henkel family of Rockingham and Shenandoah counties in Virginia's Shenandoah Valley. The collection, primarily documenting the Siram and Margaret Koiner Henkel line of the family, is comprised of correspondence, personal and financial papers, and genealogical research materials. The Renalds family is heavily documented in the 2023 accession materials.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates","ZH Books","Dunsmore Business College (Staunton, Va.)","Henkel family","Henkel family -- Correspondence","Henkel, Siram Peter, 1809-1879","English, German"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0253","/repositories/4/resources/429"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Henkel Family Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Henkel Family Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Henkel Family Papers"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["New Market (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah County (Va.) -- History","Shenandoah County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Shenandoah County (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Genealogy","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","Virginia -- History","Virginia -- History, Local"," United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"geogname_ssim":["New Market (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah County (Va.) -- History","Shenandoah County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Shenandoah County (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Genealogy","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","Virginia -- History","Virginia -- History, Local"," United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"creator_ssm":["Henkel family","Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates","ZH Books"],"creator_ssim":["Henkel family","Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates","ZH Books"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates","ZH Books"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Henkel family"],"creators_ssim":["Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates","ZH Books","Henkel family"],"places_ssim":["New Market (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah County (Va.) -- History","Shenandoah County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Shenandoah County (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Genealogy","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","Virginia -- History","Virginia -- History, Local"," United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Acquired from Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates' November 10, 2017 Americana \u0026 Fine Antiques Auction, Featuring Virginia and the South auction. A second accrual to this collection was acquired directly from Mildred Renalds Wittig in May 2019. This accession comprised mostly books from the family's collection and were cataloged separately. A second copy of the August 1835 letter from Siram Henkel to Margaret Henkel regarding a large group of enslaved persons being marched through the Shenandoah Valley was included and interfiled. An arithmetic book belonging to Samuel A. Henkel, 1854, was also interfiled. Materials that comprise the 2023-0329 accession were purchased from ZH Books in March 2023."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Slavery -- Virginia -- 19th century","Sawmills -- Virginia","Letters (correspondence)","Songbooks","Copybooks (instructional materials)","Personal papers","Financial Records","Promissory notes","Receipts (financial records)","Daybooks","Account books","Genealogies (histories)","Research notes","Photographs","Postcards","Family papers","School records","Report Cards"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Slavery -- Virginia -- 19th century","Sawmills -- Virginia","Letters (correspondence)","Songbooks","Copybooks (instructional materials)","Personal papers","Financial Records","Promissory notes","Receipts (financial records)","Daybooks","Account books","Genealogies (histories)","Research notes","Photographs","Postcards","Family papers","School records","Report Cards"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.08 cubic feet 6 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.08 cubic feet 6 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)","Songbooks","Copybooks (instructional materials)","Personal papers","Financial Records","Promissory notes","Receipts (financial records)","Daybooks","Account books","Genealogies (histories)","Research notes","Photographs","Postcards","Family papers","School records","Report Cards"],"date_range_isim":[1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA representative sample of course materials, comprising parctice invoices, checks, ledgers, day books, cash books, etc., created by Lillian Henkel and Harry S. Henkel were retained. Excessive duplicates, brittle and highly acidic documents, and materials with negligible research value were weeded from the 2023-0329 accession.\u003c/p\u003e"],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal"],"appraisal_tesim":["A representative sample of course materials, comprising parctice invoices, checks, ledgers, day books, cash books, etc., created by Lillian Henkel and Harry S. Henkel were retained. Excessive duplicates, brittle and highly acidic documents, and materials with negligible research value were weeded from the 2023-0329 accession."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in five series:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eCorrespondence, 1827-1913\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePersonal Papers, 1801-1881\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eFinancial Files, 1832-1894\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eGenealogy and Research Files, 1890-2008\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e2023-0329 Accession, 1864-1923\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in five series:","Correspondence, 1827-1913 Personal Papers, 1801-1881 Financial Files, 1832-1894 Genealogy and Research Files, 1890-2008 2023-0329 Accession, 1864-1923"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eUnited States Department of the Interior, National Park Service. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003ePlains Mill, VDHR File No. 082-5403, National Register of Historic Places Registration Form\u003c/emph\u003e. 2014.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eWittig, Mildred Renalds. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHenkel – Renalds Connection: with Ancestral Scripts and Collections\u003c/emph\u003e. Harrisonburg, Va.: Custom Printing, 2014.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service.  Plains Mill, VDHR File No. 082-5403, National Register of Historic Places Registration Form . 2014.","Wittig, Mildred Renalds.  Henkel – Renalds Connection: with Ancestral Scripts and Collections . Harrisonburg, Va.: Custom Printing, 2014."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeveral complete and thorough genealogies have been written about the Henkel family and their contributions as doctors, printers, entrepreneurs, millers, and religious leaders. As such, this biographical note does not serve as an exhaustive rehashing of previous scholarship. Researchers are encouraged to review published secondary sources for additional information on the Henkel family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Henkel Family of Virginia's Shenandoah Valley descends from Rev. Paul Henkel (1754-1825) and Elizabeth Henkel (d. 1843). Siram Peter Henkel, who along with his immediate family is primarily documented in this collection, was the fifth child of Dr. Solomon Henkel (1777-1847) and Rebecca Miller Henkel (1780-1854) and grandson of Rev. Paul Henkel.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSiram was born March 16, 1809 in New Market, Virginia. In an attempt to follow in his father's footsteps, Siram attended, but did not complete, medical school at the University of Pennsylvania. He married Margaret Koiner (variously spelled Coiner) Henkel (1820-1899) of Augusta County, Virginia on June 30, 1835. The couple settled at \"The Plains\" – located between New Market and Timberville – in September 1835 and their thirteen children, many of whom are also documented in this collection, were born and raised there. Siram farmed various crops and also operated a store and mill at The Plains. The Plains Mill was erected between 1847 and 1849 under the direction of Siram and his father Solomon, prior to his death in August 1847.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring the American Civil War, two of Siram and Margeret's sons served for the Confederacy. Lewis Philip (1837-1904) served in the Ordance Department of the Confederate Army. Around 1863, Lewis became a member of Co. H (Valley Rangers) of the 10th Virginia Cavalry. Luther Melanchton (1841-1919) was also a member of the Confederate Army and wrote home to his father from various camps. Lewis and Luther's brother Samuel Augustus (1840-1885) was exempt from military duty due to medical reasons. He became epileptic after sustaining injuries from run-away horses in 1855.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1878, one year prior to Siram's death, he sketched the plans for a new house at Plains Mill. The house was built in 1882 and served as the residence for Siram's widow, Margaret, until her death in 1899. The aforementioned sketch and photographs of the completed house are found in this collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHeleah Margaret Henkel, daughter of Siram and Margaret Henkel, married William M. Renalds in 1893. Their family is heavily documented in the 2023 accession materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Several complete and thorough genealogies have been written about the Henkel family and their contributions as doctors, printers, entrepreneurs, millers, and religious leaders. As such, this biographical note does not serve as an exhaustive rehashing of previous scholarship. Researchers are encouraged to review published secondary sources for additional information on the Henkel family.","The Henkel Family of Virginia's Shenandoah Valley descends from Rev. Paul Henkel (1754-1825) and Elizabeth Henkel (d. 1843). Siram Peter Henkel, who along with his immediate family is primarily documented in this collection, was the fifth child of Dr. Solomon Henkel (1777-1847) and Rebecca Miller Henkel (1780-1854) and grandson of Rev. Paul Henkel.","Siram was born March 16, 1809 in New Market, Virginia. In an attempt to follow in his father's footsteps, Siram attended, but did not complete, medical school at the University of Pennsylvania. He married Margaret Koiner (variously spelled Coiner) Henkel (1820-1899) of Augusta County, Virginia on June 30, 1835. The couple settled at \"The Plains\" – located between New Market and Timberville – in September 1835 and their thirteen children, many of whom are also documented in this collection, were born and raised there. Siram farmed various crops and also operated a store and mill at The Plains. The Plains Mill was erected between 1847 and 1849 under the direction of Siram and his father Solomon, prior to his death in August 1847.","During the American Civil War, two of Siram and Margeret's sons served for the Confederacy. Lewis Philip (1837-1904) served in the Ordance Department of the Confederate Army. Around 1863, Lewis became a member of Co. H (Valley Rangers) of the 10th Virginia Cavalry. Luther Melanchton (1841-1919) was also a member of the Confederate Army and wrote home to his father from various camps. Lewis and Luther's brother Samuel Augustus (1840-1885) was exempt from military duty due to medical reasons. He became epileptic after sustaining injuries from run-away horses in 1855.","In 1878, one year prior to Siram's death, he sketched the plans for a new house at Plains Mill. The house was built in 1882 and served as the residence for Siram's widow, Margaret, until her death in 1899. The aforementioned sketch and photographs of the completed house are found in this collection.","Heleah Margaret Henkel, daughter of Siram and Margaret Henkel, married William M. Renalds in 1893. Their family is heavily documented in the 2023 accession materials."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterial was property of a Henkel family descendant, presumably Mildred Renalds Wittig, great-granddaughter of Siram and Margaret Koiner Henkel.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaterials in the 2023-0329 accession, purchased from ZH Books, share provenance with the rest of the collection in that they descended through the Henkel family to Mildred Renalds Wittig before being sold at Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026amp; Associates' March 2, 2022 Winter Americana sale.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe materials in this series share provenance with the rest of the collection in that they descended through the Henkel family to Mildred Renalds Wittig before being sold at Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026amp; Associates' March 2, 2022 Winter Americana sale.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance","Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["Material was property of a Henkel family descendant, presumably Mildred Renalds Wittig, great-granddaughter of Siram and Margaret Koiner Henkel.","Materials in the 2023-0329 accession, purchased from ZH Books, share provenance with the rest of the collection in that they descended through the Henkel family to Mildred Renalds Wittig before being sold at Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates' March 2, 2022 Winter Americana sale.","The materials in this series share provenance with the rest of the collection in that they descended through the Henkel family to Mildred Renalds Wittig before being sold at Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates' March 2, 2022 Winter Americana sale."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Henkel Family Papers, 1801-2008, SC 0253, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Henkel Family Papers, 1801-2008, SC 0253, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMuch of the collection was received in three-ring binders with the manuscripts in plastic sleeves. The correspondence was generally arranged in chronological order. The documents were removed from the binders and plastic sleeves and placed in Mylar when necessary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Much of the collection was received in three-ring binders with the manuscripts in plastic sleeves. The correspondence was generally arranged in chronological order. The documents were removed from the binders and plastic sleeves and placed in Mylar when necessary."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenkel Family Papers, 1783-1916, SC 0099, Special Collections, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHenkel Family Papers, David M. Rubenstein Rare Book \u0026amp; Manuscript Library, Duke University.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHenkel family records, 1838-1903. Business records collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHenkel-Miller Family Papers, 1793-1910, #14434, Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Va.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHenkel Plain Mills Store Daybook, 1835-1849, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMultiple collections under the accession number 8653, Special Collections Department, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMany of the documents in this collection are copied and transcribed in Mildred Renalds Wittig's \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHenkel – Renalds Connection\u003c/emph\u003e (2014).\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Henkel Family Papers, 1783-1916, SC 0099, Special Collections, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.","Henkel Family Papers, David M. Rubenstein Rare Book \u0026 Manuscript Library, Duke University.","Henkel family records, 1838-1903. Business records collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond.","Henkel-Miller Family Papers, 1793-1910, #14434, Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Va.","Henkel Plain Mills Store Daybook, 1835-1849, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.","Multiple collections under the accession number 8653, Special Collections Department, University of Virginia Library.","Many of the documents in this collection are copied and transcribed in Mildred Renalds Wittig's  Henkel – Renalds Connection  (2014)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Henkel Family Papers, 1801-2008, document the influential Henkel family of Shenandoah and Rockingham counties in Virginia's Shenandoah Valley. The collection, chiefly documenting the Siram and Margaret Koiner Henkel line of the family, is comprised primarily of correspondence written to Siram P. Henkel and includes letters from his sons Lewis and Luther during their service in the American Civil War. The collection also includes personal and financial papers of various Henkel family members including Siram's children and genealogical research materials, much of which was used to inform Mildred Renalds Wittig's \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHenkel – Renalds Connection: with Ancestral Scripts and Collections\u003c/emph\u003e (2014).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence, 1827-1913, chiefly contains letters written to Siram P. Henkel with correspondents including members of the Koiner/Coiner family of Augusta County, the Miller family of Winchester, and the Rupert family of Augusta County. The correspondents report on family and community news, marriages, health and illnesses, deaths, weather, harvest and planting updates, crop yields, and include fellow merchants requesting advice on the market of certain goods and numerous requests for Dr. Henkel's pills. Of particular interest are the letters written to Siram by his sons Lewis and Luther while serving in the American Civil War. The sons, and Luther in particular, write about camp life and general updates related to the war. In a December 21, 1861 letter to his father, Lewis P. Henkel writes from Winchester and mentions General Stonewall Jackson. He also refers to General Gilbert S. Meem as \"Genl. Drunk.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis series also contains correspondence to/from other Henkel family members including Dr. Solomon Henkel, Samuel G. Henkel, Solomon D. Henkel, Maggie Henkel Renalds, Lillian Henkel, and Margaret Koiner Henkel.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe documentary record confirms that Margaret Koiner Henkel's family were enslavers and given the date of much of the correspondence, a portion relates to slavery and enslaved persons. Delia Koiner Overholt wrote to her sister Margaret Henkel on May 28, 1847 relaying the news of their grandfather's death. She goes on to write that \"eleven or twelve blacks are to be sold and a great deal of property.\" In a January 24, 1857 letter to Siram Henkel, Delia Koiner Overholt writes again to describe in detail describes the sale of enslaved persons from her grandfather's estate. A similarly noteworthy letter, dated August 13, 1835, was penned by Siram Henkel to his wife Margaret in which he describes a large \"drove\" of enslaved persons that passed through the Valley. He describes the scene as follows: \"There were eighty-four chained together to one long chain; there were also a great many women and children that were also in company; the whole number of men, women \u0026amp; children was two hundred and forty.\" There are two original copies of this letter in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAll correspondence addressed to Dr. Solomon Henkel and/or Solomon Henkel P.M. is filed with Solomon Henkel (1777-1847), who was a practicing physician and served as Shenandoah County's first postmaster. A concerted effort was made on behalf of the archivist to not confuse his papers with those of his son Solomon David Henkel (1815-1872).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMuch of the correspondence includes envelopes or address leaves. The correspondence is arranged primarily by recipient, but in cases where the recipient is unknown (e.g. non-specific salutations and greetings or lack of return address), the correspondence is filed with miscellaneous correspondence. Some of the letters have non-original annotations on the address leaves relating to content or the correspondents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Personal Papers, 1801-1881, includes miscellaneous papers from the immediate family of Siram Henkel. School papers and writing assignements from Siram and Margaret Henkel's children, Lewis, Samuel, Julia, Martin, and Maggie are included. The documents include a January 17, 1881 essay on politeness written by Maggie Henkel.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe series also includes a manuscript music book penned by Siram's mother, Rebecca Miller Henkel, a grammar copybook belonging to Siram's brother Slyvanus Henkel, and Siram's 1878 plans for his family's new home place at Plains Mill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Financial Files, 1832-1894, contains receipts, ledger pages, and promissory notes. Included in Siram Henkel's financial papers is a form of the estimate and assessment of agricultural products to be taxed by the government of the Confederate States. Of particular interest is Paul P. Henkel's 1844-1872 daybook entitled \"Sawmill Book No. 3\" documenting the sawmill owned by Solomon Henkel. The daybook records prices for sawing and details sawing activities. Elizabeth Garber Renalds' account book and journal documents egg business and other farming and day-to-day activities while the family was living at the Lincoln Homestead on Linville Creek south of Broadway.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Genealogy and Research Files, 1890-2008, is comprised of research material, much of which was used to inform Mildred Renalds Wittig's \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHenkel – Renalds Connection: with Ancestral Scripts and Collections\u003c/emph\u003e (2014). Documents include family trees, facsimiles of correspondence and manuscript material not otherwise found in this collection, photographs of Henkel family members and properties including Plains Mill and the Plains School, newspaper clippings, Henkel family reunion materials, and blank postcards. An oversize reproduction of a blank family register printed by Ambrose Henkel \u0026amp; Comp. is included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: 2023-0329 Accession, 1864-1923, includes Henkel family correspondence, Renalds family correspondence, and letters written to Ray Renalds while he was admitted to Rockingham Memorial Hospital in 1923 for an undisclosed illness.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSchool materials were created by Lillian Henkel while a student at the Shenandoah Institute in Dayton and Harry S. Henkel while a student at Dunsmore Business College in Staunton. Coursework created by Ray Renalds while a student at Shenandoah Luthern Institute is included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFront covers of bound volumes are inscribed \"Lillian M. Henkel, Shenandoah Institute, Sept. 20, 1900\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTuition for Ray and Richard Renalds.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Henkel Family Papers, 1801-2008, document the influential Henkel family of Shenandoah and Rockingham counties in Virginia's Shenandoah Valley. The collection, chiefly documenting the Siram and Margaret Koiner Henkel line of the family, is comprised primarily of correspondence written to Siram P. Henkel and includes letters from his sons Lewis and Luther during their service in the American Civil War. The collection also includes personal and financial papers of various Henkel family members including Siram's children and genealogical research materials, much of which was used to inform Mildred Renalds Wittig's  Henkel – Renalds Connection: with Ancestral Scripts and Collections  (2014).","Series 1: Correspondence, 1827-1913, chiefly contains letters written to Siram P. Henkel with correspondents including members of the Koiner/Coiner family of Augusta County, the Miller family of Winchester, and the Rupert family of Augusta County. The correspondents report on family and community news, marriages, health and illnesses, deaths, weather, harvest and planting updates, crop yields, and include fellow merchants requesting advice on the market of certain goods and numerous requests for Dr. Henkel's pills. Of particular interest are the letters written to Siram by his sons Lewis and Luther while serving in the American Civil War. The sons, and Luther in particular, write about camp life and general updates related to the war. In a December 21, 1861 letter to his father, Lewis P. Henkel writes from Winchester and mentions General Stonewall Jackson. He also refers to General Gilbert S. Meem as \"Genl. Drunk.\"","This series also contains correspondence to/from other Henkel family members including Dr. Solomon Henkel, Samuel G. Henkel, Solomon D. Henkel, Maggie Henkel Renalds, Lillian Henkel, and Margaret Koiner Henkel.","The documentary record confirms that Margaret Koiner Henkel's family were enslavers and given the date of much of the correspondence, a portion relates to slavery and enslaved persons. Delia Koiner Overholt wrote to her sister Margaret Henkel on May 28, 1847 relaying the news of their grandfather's death. She goes on to write that \"eleven or twelve blacks are to be sold and a great deal of property.\" In a January 24, 1857 letter to Siram Henkel, Delia Koiner Overholt writes again to describe in detail describes the sale of enslaved persons from her grandfather's estate. A similarly noteworthy letter, dated August 13, 1835, was penned by Siram Henkel to his wife Margaret in which he describes a large \"drove\" of enslaved persons that passed through the Valley. He describes the scene as follows: \"There were eighty-four chained together to one long chain; there were also a great many women and children that were also in company; the whole number of men, women \u0026 children was two hundred and forty.\" There are two original copies of this letter in the collection.","All correspondence addressed to Dr. Solomon Henkel and/or Solomon Henkel P.M. is filed with Solomon Henkel (1777-1847), who was a practicing physician and served as Shenandoah County's first postmaster. A concerted effort was made on behalf of the archivist to not confuse his papers with those of his son Solomon David Henkel (1815-1872).","Much of the correspondence includes envelopes or address leaves. The correspondence is arranged primarily by recipient, but in cases where the recipient is unknown (e.g. non-specific salutations and greetings or lack of return address), the correspondence is filed with miscellaneous correspondence. Some of the letters have non-original annotations on the address leaves relating to content or the correspondents.","Series 2: Personal Papers, 1801-1881, includes miscellaneous papers from the immediate family of Siram Henkel. School papers and writing assignements from Siram and Margaret Henkel's children, Lewis, Samuel, Julia, Martin, and Maggie are included. The documents include a January 17, 1881 essay on politeness written by Maggie Henkel.","The series also includes a manuscript music book penned by Siram's mother, Rebecca Miller Henkel, a grammar copybook belonging to Siram's brother Slyvanus Henkel, and Siram's 1878 plans for his family's new home place at Plains Mill.","Series 3: Financial Files, 1832-1894, contains receipts, ledger pages, and promissory notes. Included in Siram Henkel's financial papers is a form of the estimate and assessment of agricultural products to be taxed by the government of the Confederate States. Of particular interest is Paul P. Henkel's 1844-1872 daybook entitled \"Sawmill Book No. 3\" documenting the sawmill owned by Solomon Henkel. The daybook records prices for sawing and details sawing activities. Elizabeth Garber Renalds' account book and journal documents egg business and other farming and day-to-day activities while the family was living at the Lincoln Homestead on Linville Creek south of Broadway.","Series 4: Genealogy and Research Files, 1890-2008, is comprised of research material, much of which was used to inform Mildred Renalds Wittig's  Henkel – Renalds Connection: with Ancestral Scripts and Collections  (2014). Documents include family trees, facsimiles of correspondence and manuscript material not otherwise found in this collection, photographs of Henkel family members and properties including Plains Mill and the Plains School, newspaper clippings, Henkel family reunion materials, and blank postcards. An oversize reproduction of a blank family register printed by Ambrose Henkel \u0026 Comp. is included.","Series 5: 2023-0329 Accession, 1864-1923, includes Henkel family correspondence, Renalds family correspondence, and letters written to Ray Renalds while he was admitted to Rockingham Memorial Hospital in 1923 for an undisclosed illness.","School materials were created by Lillian Henkel while a student at the Shenandoah Institute in Dayton and Harry S. Henkel while a student at Dunsmore Business College in Staunton. Coursework created by Ray Renalds while a student at Shenandoah Luthern Institute is included.","Front covers of bound volumes are inscribed \"Lillian M. Henkel, Shenandoah Institute, Sept. 20, 1900\"","Tuition for Ray and Richard Renalds."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeveral issues of serials including the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eLutheran Church Visitor\u003c/emph\u003e and the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSouthern Churchman\u003c/emph\u003e have been removed from the collection and cataloged as part of Special Collections' rare book collection. Additionally, the facsimile publication of the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDay Book for Solomon Henkel at the Plains Mills, Rockingham County, Virginia\u003c/emph\u003e (2013) and Mildred Renalds Wittig's \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHenkel – Renalds Connection: with Ancestral Scripts and Collections\u003c/emph\u003e (2nd ed., 2014) were removed from the collection and cataloged separately. Additional books and a broadside from the 2019 accession were cataloged separately. Two issues of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eShenandoah Valley\u003c/emph\u003e (1900), a New Market newspaper, were separated from the 2023-0329 accession and added to existing holdings in Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Material"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Several issues of serials including the  Lutheran Church Visitor  and the  Southern Churchman  have been removed from the collection and cataloged as part of Special Collections' rare book collection. Additionally, the facsimile publication of the  Day Book for Solomon Henkel at the Plains Mills, Rockingham County, Virginia  (2013) and Mildred Renalds Wittig's  Henkel – Renalds Connection: with Ancestral Scripts and Collections  (2nd ed., 2014) were removed from the collection and cataloged separately. Additional books and a broadside from the 2019 accession were cataloged separately. Two issues of  Shenandoah Valley  (1900), a New Market newspaper, were separated from the 2023-0329 accession and added to existing holdings in Special Collections."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_fe701131976635fcfbf3af795f2aa11a\"\u003eThe Henkel Family Papers, 1801-2008, document the influential Henkel family of Rockingham and Shenandoah counties in Virginia's Shenandoah Valley. The collection, primarily documenting the Siram and Margaret Koiner Henkel line of the family, is comprised of correspondence, personal and financial papers, and genealogical research materials. The Renalds family is heavily documented in the 2023 accession materials.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Henkel Family Papers, 1801-2008, document the influential Henkel family of Rockingham and Shenandoah counties in Virginia's Shenandoah Valley. The collection, primarily documenting the Siram and Margaret Koiner Henkel line of the family, is comprised of correspondence, personal and financial papers, and genealogical research materials. The Renalds family is heavily documented in the 2023 accession materials."],"names_coll_ssim":["Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates","ZH Books","Henkel family -- Correspondence","Henkel, Siram Peter, 1809-1879"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates","ZH Books","Dunsmore Business College (Staunton, Va.)","Henkel family","Henkel family -- Correspondence","Henkel, Siram Peter, 1809-1879"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates","ZH Books","Dunsmore Business College (Staunton, Va.)"],"famname_ssim":["Henkel family","Henkel family -- Correspondence"],"persname_ssim":["Henkel, Siram Peter, 1809-1879"],"language_ssim":["English, German"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":108,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:19:36.409Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_429_c03_c05"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_412_c03_c01_c27","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Spader, John, and relatives. Deeds, loan bonds","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_412_c03_c01_c27#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_412_c03_c01_c27","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_412_c03_c01_c27"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_412_c03_c01_c27","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_412","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_412","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_412_c03_c01","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_412_c03_c01","parent_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_412","vihart_repositories_4_resources_412_c03","vihart_repositories_4_resources_412_c03_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_412","vihart_repositories_4_resources_412_c03","vihart_repositories_4_resources_412_c03_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society Collection","Individual/Family Documents","Individual Families"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society Collection","Individual/Family Documents","Individual Families"],"text":["Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society Collection","Individual/Family Documents","Individual Families","Spader, John, and relatives. Deeds, loan bonds","box 4","folder 12"],"title_filing_ssi":"Spader, John, and relatives. Deeds, loan bonds","title_ssm":["Spader, John, and relatives. Deeds, loan bonds"],"title_tesim":["Spader, John, and relatives. Deeds, loan bonds"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1866-1917"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1866/1917"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Spader, John, and relatives. Deeds, loan bonds"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society Collection"],"extent_ssm":["12 items"],"extent_tesim":["12 items"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":95,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"date_range_isim":[1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917],"containers_ssim":["box 4","folder 12"],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#0/components#26","timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:20:27.499Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_412","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_412","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_412","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_412","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_412.xml","title_ssm":["Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society Collection"],"title_tesim":["Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1740-1950"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1740-1950"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0117","/repositories/4/resources/412"],"text":["SC 0117","/repositories/4/resources/412","Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society Collection","Virginia -- History, Local","Virginia -- History","Virginia -- Genealogy","Virginia -- History -- Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775","Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia -- Politics and government -- 1775-1865","Virginia -- Politics and government -- 1861-1865","Virginia -- Politics and government -- 1865-1950","Virginia -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Religious life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Genealogy","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Shenandoah County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Shenandoah County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Page County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Augusta County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Page County (Va.) -- History","Augusta County (Va.) -- History","Letters (correspondence)","Legal documents","Financial Records","Family papers","Receipts (financial records)","Summonses","Application forms","Voters' lists","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Most of the papers were received in no order. A few packets were labeled with family names. Documents are arranged chronologically within folders, except in the Miscellaneous folders of the Individual/Family series, where they are filed alphabetically. The collection is arranged in four series: 1. Legal/Governmental Documents; 2. Business/Institutional Documents; 3. Individual/Family Documents; 3.1. Individual Families; 4. Maps.","Legal/Governmental Documents Business/Institutional Documents Individual/Family Documents Maps","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017.  This collection was previously cataloged as SC 2095 .","This collection consists of approximately 1,700 items, in six boxes and one flat folder, and covers the dates 1740-1950. The collection is comprised of a very wide variety of legal, governmental, business, school, and church records, as well as personal papers, all primarily from the Central Shenandoah Valley (Rockingham, Shenandoah, Augusta, and Page Counties). Most are originals, but some photocopies are included.","The Legal/Governmental Documents Series includes summonses, road documents, juror lists, delivery bonds, papers from the Sheriff's Office and the Circuit Courts of Rockingham and Shenandoah Counties, CSA Telegraph Reports, postal accounts, and miscellaneous other official reports, claims, applications, etc.","The Business/Institutional Documents Series includes church histories and other church documents, school catalogs, slave purchase documents, records of Cootes' Store, and other miscellaneous business papers which are not related to families, such as the merger of the News Register Co. and Rockingham Publishing Co. Significantly the collection includes a complete issue of the Rockingham Weekly Register from April 26, 1828, that is not extant elsewhere.","The Individual/Family Documents Series contains deeds and indentures; letters; receipts; promissory notes and other financial papers, including those related to family businesses; certificates; and miscellaneous other documents. Of particular interest are the Harrison and Lincoln family folders, which include several noteworthy deeds; and the Winfield family folder, which includes several items relating to the Civil War.","Separate folders under each family or individual for which 5 or more relevant items are held.","Combined folders in one alphabetical sequence for four or less documents per name. See Cross Index for names.","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","This collection consists of approximately 1,700 items, in six boxes and one flat folder, and covers the dates 1740-1950. The collection is comprised of a very wide variety of legal, governmental, business, school, and church records, as well as personal papers, all primarily from the Central Shenandoah Valley (Rockingham, Shenandoah, Augusta, and Page counties). Most are originals, but some facsimiles are included.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0117","/repositories/4/resources/412"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society Collection"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia -- History, Local","Virginia -- History","Virginia -- Genealogy","Virginia -- History -- Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775","Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia -- Politics and government -- 1775-1865","Virginia -- Politics and government -- 1861-1865","Virginia -- Politics and government -- 1865-1950","Virginia -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Religious life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Genealogy","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Shenandoah County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Shenandoah County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Page County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Augusta County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Page County (Va.) -- History","Augusta County (Va.) -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia -- History, Local","Virginia -- History","Virginia -- Genealogy","Virginia -- History -- Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775","Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia -- Politics and government -- 1775-1865","Virginia -- Politics and government -- 1861-1865","Virginia -- Politics and government -- 1865-1950","Virginia -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Religious life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Genealogy","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Shenandoah County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Shenandoah County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Page County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Augusta County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Page County (Va.) -- History","Augusta County (Va.) -- History"],"creator_ssm":["Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society"],"creator_ssim":["Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society"],"creators_ssim":["Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society"],"places_ssim":["Virginia -- History, Local","Virginia -- History","Virginia -- Genealogy","Virginia -- History -- Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775","Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia -- Politics and government -- 1775-1865","Virginia -- Politics and government -- 1861-1865","Virginia -- Politics and government -- 1865-1950","Virginia -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Religious life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Genealogy","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Shenandoah County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Shenandoah County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Page County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Augusta County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Page County (Va.) -- History","Augusta County (Va.) -- History"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was compiled from many boxes of miscellaneous papers placed on deposit at the library by the Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)","Legal documents","Financial Records","Family papers","Receipts (financial records)","Summonses","Application forms","Voters' lists"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Letters (correspondence)","Legal documents","Financial Records","Family papers","Receipts (financial records)","Summonses","Application forms","Voters' lists"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3.0 cubic feet 6 boxes, 1 flat folder"],"extent_tesim":["3.0 cubic feet 6 boxes, 1 flat folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)","Legal documents","Financial Records","Family papers","Receipts (financial records)","Summonses","Application forms","Voters' lists"],"date_range_isim":[1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMost of the papers were received in no order. A few packets were labeled with family names. Documents are arranged chronologically within folders, except in the Miscellaneous folders of the Individual/Family series, where they are filed alphabetically. The collection is arranged in four series: 1. Legal/Governmental Documents; 2. Business/Institutional Documents; 3. Individual/Family Documents; 3.1. Individual Families; 4. Maps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eLegal/Governmental Documents\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eBusiness/Institutional Documents\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eIndividual/Family Documents\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eMaps\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Most of the papers were received in no order. A few packets were labeled with family names. Documents are arranged chronologically within folders, except in the Miscellaneous folders of the Individual/Family series, where they are filed alphabetically. The collection is arranged in four series: 1. Legal/Governmental Documents; 2. Business/Institutional Documents; 3. Individual/Family Documents; 3.1. Individual Families; 4. Maps.","Legal/Governmental Documents Business/Institutional Documents Individual/Family Documents Maps"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], [box #, folder #], Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society Collection, 1740-1950, SC 0117, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], [box #, folder #], Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society Collection, 1740-1950, SC 0117, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThis collection was previously cataloged as SC 2095\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017.  This collection was previously cataloged as SC 2095 ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of approximately 1,700 items, in six boxes and one flat folder, and covers the dates 1740-1950. The collection is comprised of a very wide variety of legal, governmental, business, school, and church records, as well as personal papers, all primarily from the Central Shenandoah Valley (Rockingham, Shenandoah, Augusta, and Page Counties). Most are originals, but some photocopies are included.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Legal/Governmental Documents Series includes summonses, road documents, juror lists, delivery bonds, papers from the Sheriff's Office and the Circuit Courts of Rockingham and Shenandoah Counties, CSA Telegraph Reports, postal accounts, and miscellaneous other official reports, claims, applications, etc.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Business/Institutional Documents Series includes church histories and other church documents, school catalogs, slave purchase documents, records of Cootes' Store, and other miscellaneous business papers which are not related to families, such as the merger of the News Register Co. and Rockingham Publishing Co. Significantly the collection includes a complete issue of the Rockingham Weekly Register from April 26, 1828, that is not extant elsewhere.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Individual/Family Documents Series contains deeds and indentures; letters; receipts; promissory notes and other financial papers, including those related to family businesses; certificates; and miscellaneous other documents. Of particular interest are the Harrison and Lincoln family folders, which include several noteworthy deeds; and the Winfield family folder, which includes several items relating to the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeparate folders under each family or individual for which 5 or more relevant items are held.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCombined folders in one alphabetical sequence for four or less documents per name. See Cross Index for names.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of approximately 1,700 items, in six boxes and one flat folder, and covers the dates 1740-1950. The collection is comprised of a very wide variety of legal, governmental, business, school, and church records, as well as personal papers, all primarily from the Central Shenandoah Valley (Rockingham, Shenandoah, Augusta, and Page Counties). Most are originals, but some photocopies are included.","The Legal/Governmental Documents Series includes summonses, road documents, juror lists, delivery bonds, papers from the Sheriff's Office and the Circuit Courts of Rockingham and Shenandoah Counties, CSA Telegraph Reports, postal accounts, and miscellaneous other official reports, claims, applications, etc.","The Business/Institutional Documents Series includes church histories and other church documents, school catalogs, slave purchase documents, records of Cootes' Store, and other miscellaneous business papers which are not related to families, such as the merger of the News Register Co. and Rockingham Publishing Co. Significantly the collection includes a complete issue of the Rockingham Weekly Register from April 26, 1828, that is not extant elsewhere.","The Individual/Family Documents Series contains deeds and indentures; letters; receipts; promissory notes and other financial papers, including those related to family businesses; certificates; and miscellaneous other documents. Of particular interest are the Harrison and Lincoln family folders, which include several noteworthy deeds; and the Winfield family folder, which includes several items relating to the Civil War.","Separate folders under each family or individual for which 5 or more relevant items are held.","Combined folders in one alphabetical sequence for four or less documents per name. See Cross Index for names."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8b0c0cf7d8d4e5e3173df401b85e0033\"\u003eThis collection consists of approximately 1,700 items, in six boxes and one flat folder, and covers the dates 1740-1950. The collection is comprised of a very wide variety of legal, governmental, business, school, and church records, as well as personal papers, all primarily from the Central Shenandoah Valley (Rockingham, Shenandoah, Augusta, and Page counties). Most are originals, but some facsimiles are included.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of approximately 1,700 items, in six boxes and one flat folder, and covers the dates 1740-1950. The collection is comprised of a very wide variety of legal, governmental, business, school, and church records, as well as personal papers, all primarily from the Central Shenandoah Valley (Rockingham, Shenandoah, Augusta, and Page counties). Most are originals, but some facsimiles are included."],"names_coll_ssim":["Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":112,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:20:27.499Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_412_c03_c01_c27"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_398_c03_c02","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Speeches","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_398_c03_c02#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eFour texts, one addressed to \"Fellow Citizens of Shenandoah.\" Subjects are political \u0026amp; social concerns, include intemperance\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_398_c03_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_398_c03_c02","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_398_c03_c02"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_398_c03_c02","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_398","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_398","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_398_c03","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_398_c03","parent_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_398","vihart_repositories_4_resources_398_c03"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_398","vihart_repositories_4_resources_398_c03"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Henkel Family Papers","Secular Documents"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Henkel Family Papers","Secular Documents"],"text":["Henkel Family Papers","Secular Documents","Speeches","box 1","folder 13","Four texts, one addressed to \"Fellow Citizens of Shenandoah.\" Subjects are political \u0026 social concerns, include intemperance"],"title_filing_ssi":"Speeches","title_ssm":["Speeches"],"title_tesim":["Speeches"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1790/1910"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Speeches"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Henkel Family Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":18,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"date_range_isim":[1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 13"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFour texts, one addressed to \"Fellow Citizens of Shenandoah.\" Subjects are political \u0026amp; social concerns, include intemperance\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Four texts, one addressed to \"Fellow Citizens of Shenandoah.\" Subjects are political \u0026 social concerns, include intemperance"],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#1","timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:25:29.210Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_398","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_398","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_398","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_398","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_398.xml","title_ssm":["Henkel Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Henkel Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1783-1916"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1783-1916"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0099","/repositories/4/resources/398"],"text":["SC 0099","/repositories/4/resources/398","Henkel Family Papers","Virginia -- History","New Market (Va.) -- History","New Market (Va.) -- Genealogy","New Market (Va.) -- Imprints","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History, Local","Virginia -- Church history -- 19th century","Clergy -- Virginia","Printers -- Virginia","Printers -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Printing -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","German imprints -- Virginia -- New Market","Religious literature -- Publication and distribution -- Virginia","Religious literature, German -- Publication and distribution -- Virginia","Lutheran Church -- Virginia","Family papers","Genealogies (histories)","Advertisements","Newspapers","Publications (documents)","Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Excerpts of this collection have been digitized and are made available upon request.","Poem about slavery, written by a slave - Unknown Author, undated (English) Report of the Transactions of the Second Evangelical Lutheran Conference held in Zion's Church, Sulivan County Tennessee, October 22, 1821 (English) Henkel manuscript: Woodstock Virginia, January 26, 1829 (English) Henkel Press Song Book, undated (German) Minutes of the Proceedings of the Evangelical Lutheran Synod of the State of Virginia, 1833 (English) Short Excerpt of the Transactions of the Synod of the Lutheran Ministry, held in the state of North Carolina in the year of our Lord, 1817 (German)","Partial organization by a previous researcher was maintained. The collection is arranged in five series:","Correspondence, 1806-1892 Religious Documents, 1783-1897 Secular Documents, 1790-1910 Family History Henkel Press Publications, 1806-1891","Edmonds, Albert Sydney. \"The Henkels, Early Printers in New Market, Virginia,\" William and Mary Quarterly, 2nd series, v. 18, 1938.","Scheer, George F. \"First Printing Press in the Valley of Virginia,\" Publishers' Weekly. Vol. 150, November 23, 1946.","Finck, Rev. William J.  A Chronological Life of Paul Henkel . New Market, 1937. Photocopy of original typescript made by Richard R. Renalds, Timberville, VA., 1986.","The Henkel Press began as a crude printing press in the living room of Paul Henkel's house in New Market, Virginia, in 1806. Eventually, it published more Lutheran material than any other press in the country, and earned fame for its excellent children's books. Although the press began printing in German for the large Shenandoah Valley German community, it also published in English at an early date.","A schoolbook on mathematics was withdrawn by the Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society on May 16, 2000. In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017.  This collection was previously cataloged as SC 2065.","The Henkel Collection consists of two Hollinger boxes and one flat box, and spans a period from 1783 to 1916. The bulk of the collection consists of letters, religious documents, and newspapers and advertisements published by the Henkel Press. Also included are some Henkel family history materials and business documents, and miscellaneous secular materials. ","Many of the older letters in the Letters Series are in German while later ones are primarily in English. They demonstrate the dedication of the Henkel family to their faith as well as their activities within the Synod. ","Also in the collection (Secular Documents Series) are several handwritten school books, some with fraktur.","The Henkel Press Publications Series (including the Oversize Series) contains a large part of the collection, and includes handwritten drafts for advertisements to be printed, pamphlets, issues of Virginische Volksberichterand Westliche Correspondenz, and a formula for the ink used in printing.","Mostly to Paul, Ambrose, and Socrates Henkel in German. Includes 1816 German diary with reference to Pt. Pleasant.","German \u0026 English. Numerous letters from North Carolina","Notes by J. Salyards; 1846 brochure on The New-Market Academy; unsigned poem; 2 copies 1875 Henkel pub. of review of \"Idothea;\" several items relating to Salyards Memorial Association","April 12, 1806 (partial copy); February 6, 1808; September 19, 1812; June 28, August 2, 1822","Prayers, organization of service, responsive readings","Most are titled and dated. Several in German. Includes Henkel list of subscribers for preaching, 1841-1852.","Fragments of religious songbooks, some with notations","Includes Henkel Press Song Book, undated (German).","Words to songs; includes ballad about St. Clair's defeat by Indians. Some probably not printed by Henkel Press","Writings from Bible; writings on religious ideas; treatise to Solomon from David Henkle, Lincolnton, NC, 1826","Rockingham County licenses, some with notes that Ambrose or other Henkels performed ceremony","Includes book of misc. accounts with members of Whitehaven congregation, 1813; mss. on worship services by 4 Valley Lutheran churches, called by Rev. Nischmucker in Woodstock Jan. 1828; minutes of church meeting, 1855; printed proceedings of extra session, Luth. Tennessee Synod, 1864","Four texts, one addressed to \"Fellow Citizens of Shenandoah.\" Subjects are political \u0026 social concerns, include intemperance","Promises to pay, subscription orders, receipts, post office oath, a ledger book","Handwritten horse advertisements, announcements of tannery shops; German and English","St. Martin Luther's kleiner Katechismus. . . 1829 (58 cop.). Verhandlungen, Bericht der Verrichtungen, Auszug, or Report. . . evangelical Luthern Conference (North Carolina). . . 1812; 1814; 1816; 1817 (2 cop.). Verrichtung der Special-Conferenze der Evang. Luth. . . in Virginia. . . 1806; 1807; 1808; 1809; 1815; 1831. Kurze Nachricht, Report, Bericht, or Minutes. . . Evang. Luth. Tennessee Synod. . . 1820, 1821, 1828, 1830, 1833, 1891","Handwritten drafts and printed advertisements","Includes sales and school notices, incl. one for S. Henkel's New Market Female Seminary; broadside advertising a \"living quanacos;\" price-setting resolution of Shenandoah Cty. carpenters, 1816; church raffle tickets","Contains Rooster and Lion Henkel sheets, as well the following non-Henkel publications: 16 July 1782 issue of Philadelphische Correspondenz; unidentified sheet from 16 July 1808 German newspaper; 17 Jan. 1815 issue of Der Volksfreund (Lancaster PA); an 1824 election broadside in German; \u0026 1889 pamphlet Die Vekehrung (Allentown, PA)","December 23, 30, 1807; January 6, 20, 27; February 3, 17; March 2, 9, 16, 30, 1808","April 6, 13, 27 (partial copy); May 4, 11, 18, 25; June 8, 15, 22, 29; July 6, 13, 20, 27; August 10 (partial copy), 17, 31, 1808","September 7; October 5 (1 1/2 copies), 12 (1 1/2 copies), 19 (partial copy), 26; November 2, 16 (2 copies), 23, 30; December 7, 14, 1808","January 4, 11, 18 (partial); February 1, 8 (partial), 15, 22 (2 copies); March 1, 15, 22; April 12, 19, 26; May 10, 24, 31; June 14, 1809","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Henkel Family Papers consists of two Hollinger boxes and one oversize box, and spans a period from 1783 to 1916. The bulk of the collection consists of letters, religious documents, and newspapers and advertisements published by the Henkel Press of New Market, Virginia. Also included are some Henkel family history materials and business documents, and miscellaneous secular materials.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society","Henkel family","Henkel family -- Correspondence","Henkel, Ambrose, 1786-1870 -- Correspondence","Henkel, Paul, 1754-1825 -- Correspondence","Henkel, Socrates, Rev., 1823-1901 -- Correspondence","Salyards, Joseph, 1808-1885 -- Correspondence","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0099","/repositories/4/resources/398"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Henkel Family Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Henkel Family Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Henkel Family Papers"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia -- History","New Market (Va.) -- History","New Market (Va.) -- Genealogy","New Market (Va.) -- Imprints","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History, Local","Virginia -- Church history -- 19th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia -- History","New Market (Va.) -- History","New Market (Va.) -- Genealogy","New Market (Va.) -- Imprints","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History, Local","Virginia -- Church history -- 19th century"],"creator_ssm":["Henkel family","Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society"],"creator_ssim":["Henkel family","Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Henkel family"],"creators_ssim":["Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society","Henkel family"],"places_ssim":["Virginia -- History","New Market (Va.) -- History","New Market (Va.) -- Genealogy","New Market (Va.) -- Imprints","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History, Local","Virginia -- Church history -- 19th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Placed on deposit at Carrier Library through the November 1985 contract with the Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Clergy -- Virginia","Printers -- Virginia","Printers -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Printing -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","German imprints -- Virginia -- New Market","Religious literature -- Publication and distribution -- Virginia","Religious literature, German -- Publication and distribution -- Virginia","Lutheran Church -- Virginia","Family papers","Genealogies (histories)","Advertisements","Newspapers","Publications (documents)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Clergy -- Virginia","Printers -- Virginia","Printers -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Printing -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","German imprints -- Virginia -- New Market","Religious literature -- Publication and distribution -- Virginia","Religious literature, German -- Publication and distribution -- Virginia","Lutheran Church -- Virginia","Family papers","Genealogies (histories)","Advertisements","Newspapers","Publications (documents)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.44  cubic feet 3 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.44  cubic feet 3 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Family papers","Genealogies (histories)","Advertisements","Newspapers","Publications (documents)"],"date_range_isim":[1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eExcerpts of this collection have been digitized and are made available upon request.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"upperalpha\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePoem about slavery, written by a slave - Unknown Author, undated (English)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eReport of the Transactions of the Second Evangelical Lutheran Conference held in Zion's Church, Sulivan County Tennessee, October 22, 1821 (English)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eHenkel manuscript: Woodstock Virginia, January 26, 1829 (English)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eHenkel Press Song Book, undated (German)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eMinutes of the Proceedings of the Evangelical Lutheran Synod of the State of Virginia, 1833 (English)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eShort Excerpt of the Transactions of the Synod of the Lutheran Ministry, held in the state of North Carolina in the year of our Lord, 1817 (German)\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternate Formats"],"altformavail_tesim":["Excerpts of this collection have been digitized and are made available upon request.","Poem about slavery, written by a slave - Unknown Author, undated (English) Report of the Transactions of the Second Evangelical Lutheran Conference held in Zion's Church, Sulivan County Tennessee, October 22, 1821 (English) Henkel manuscript: Woodstock Virginia, January 26, 1829 (English) Henkel Press Song Book, undated (German) Minutes of the Proceedings of the Evangelical Lutheran Synod of the State of Virginia, 1833 (English) Short Excerpt of the Transactions of the Synod of the Lutheran Ministry, held in the state of North Carolina in the year of our Lord, 1817 (German)"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePartial organization by a previous researcher was maintained. The collection is arranged in five series:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eCorrespondence, 1806-1892\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eReligious Documents, 1783-1897\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSecular Documents, 1790-1910\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eFamily History\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eHenkel Press Publications, 1806-1891\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Partial organization by a previous researcher was maintained. The collection is arranged in five series:","Correspondence, 1806-1892 Religious Documents, 1783-1897 Secular Documents, 1790-1910 Family History Henkel Press Publications, 1806-1891"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eEdmonds, Albert Sydney. \"The Henkels, Early Printers in New Market, Virginia,\" William and Mary Quarterly, 2nd series, v. 18, 1938.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eScheer, George F. \"First Printing Press in the Valley of Virginia,\" Publishers' Weekly. Vol. 150, November 23, 1946.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eFinck, Rev. William J. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eA Chronological Life of Paul Henkel\u003c/emph\u003e. New Market, 1937. Photocopy of original typescript made by Richard R. Renalds, Timberville, VA., 1986.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Edmonds, Albert Sydney. \"The Henkels, Early Printers in New Market, Virginia,\" William and Mary Quarterly, 2nd series, v. 18, 1938.","Scheer, George F. \"First Printing Press in the Valley of Virginia,\" Publishers' Weekly. Vol. 150, November 23, 1946.","Finck, Rev. William J.  A Chronological Life of Paul Henkel . New Market, 1937. Photocopy of original typescript made by Richard R. Renalds, Timberville, VA., 1986."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Henkel Press began as a crude printing press in the living room of Paul Henkel's house in New Market, Virginia, in 1806. Eventually, it published more Lutheran material than any other press in the country, and earned fame for its excellent children's books. Although the press began printing in German for the large Shenandoah Valley German community, it also published in English at an early date.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Henkel Press began as a crude printing press in the living room of Paul Henkel's house in New Market, Virginia, in 1806. Eventually, it published more Lutheran material than any other press in the country, and earned fame for its excellent children's books. Although the press began printing in German for the large Shenandoah Valley German community, it also published in English at an early date."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Henkel Family Papers, SC 0099, Special Collections, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Henkel Family Papers, SC 0099, Special Collections, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA schoolbook on mathematics was withdrawn by the Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society on May 16, 2000. In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThis collection was previously cataloged as SC 2065.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["A schoolbook on mathematics was withdrawn by the Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society on May 16, 2000. In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017.  This collection was previously cataloged as SC 2065."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Henkel Collection consists of two Hollinger boxes and one flat box, and spans a period from 1783 to 1916. The bulk of the collection consists of letters, religious documents, and newspapers and advertisements published by the Henkel Press. Also included are some Henkel family history materials and business documents, and miscellaneous secular materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMany of the older letters in the Letters Series are in German while later ones are primarily in English. They demonstrate the dedication of the Henkel family to their faith as well as their activities within the Synod. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlso in the collection (Secular Documents Series) are several handwritten school books, some with fraktur.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Henkel Press Publications Series (including the Oversize Series) contains a large part of the collection, and includes handwritten drafts for advertisements to be printed, pamphlets, issues of Virginische Volksberichterand Westliche Correspondenz, and a formula for the ink used in printing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMostly to Paul, Ambrose, and Socrates Henkel in German. Includes 1816 German diary with reference to Pt. Pleasant.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGerman \u0026amp; English. Numerous letters from North Carolina\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes by J. Salyards; 1846 brochure on The New-Market Academy; unsigned poem; 2 copies 1875 Henkel pub. of review of \"Idothea;\" several items relating to Salyards Memorial Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApril 12, 1806 (partial copy); February 6, 1808; September 19, 1812; June 28, August 2, 1822\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrayers, organization of service, responsive readings\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMost are titled and dated. Several in German. Includes Henkel list of subscribers for preaching, 1841-1852.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFragments of religious songbooks, some with notations\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes Henkel Press Song Book, undated (German).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWords to songs; includes ballad about St. Clair's defeat by Indians. Some probably not printed by Henkel Press\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritings from Bible; writings on religious ideas; treatise to Solomon from David Henkle, Lincolnton, NC, 1826\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRockingham County licenses, some with notes that Ambrose or other Henkels performed ceremony\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes book of misc. accounts with members of Whitehaven congregation, 1813; mss. on worship services by 4 Valley Lutheran churches, called by Rev. Nischmucker in Woodstock Jan. 1828; minutes of church meeting, 1855; printed proceedings of extra session, Luth. Tennessee Synod, 1864\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFour texts, one addressed to \"Fellow Citizens of Shenandoah.\" Subjects are political \u0026amp; social concerns, include intemperance\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePromises to pay, subscription orders, receipts, post office oath, a ledger book\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten horse advertisements, announcements of tannery shops; German and English\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSt. Martin Luther's kleiner Katechismus. . . 1829 (58 cop.). Verhandlungen, Bericht der Verrichtungen, Auszug, or Report. . . evangelical Luthern Conference (North Carolina). . . 1812; 1814; 1816; 1817 (2 cop.). Verrichtung der Special-Conferenze der Evang. Luth. . . in Virginia. . . 1806; 1807; 1808; 1809; 1815; 1831. Kurze Nachricht, Report, Bericht, or Minutes. . . Evang. Luth. Tennessee Synod. . . 1820, 1821, 1828, 1830, 1833, 1891\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten drafts and printed advertisements\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes sales and school notices, incl. one for S. Henkel's New Market Female Seminary; broadside advertising a \"living quanacos;\" price-setting resolution of Shenandoah Cty. carpenters, 1816; church raffle tickets\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains Rooster and Lion Henkel sheets, as well the following non-Henkel publications: 16 July 1782 issue of Philadelphische Correspondenz; unidentified sheet from 16 July 1808 German newspaper; 17 Jan. 1815 issue of Der Volksfreund (Lancaster PA); an 1824 election broadside in German; \u0026amp; 1889 pamphlet Die Vekehrung (Allentown, PA)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDecember 23, 30, 1807; January 6, 20, 27; February 3, 17; March 2, 9, 16, 30, 1808\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApril 6, 13, 27 (partial copy); May 4, 11, 18, 25; June 8, 15, 22, 29; July 6, 13, 20, 27; August 10 (partial copy), 17, 31, 1808\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeptember 7; October 5 (1 1/2 copies), 12 (1 1/2 copies), 19 (partial copy), 26; November 2, 16 (2 copies), 23, 30; December 7, 14, 1808\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJanuary 4, 11, 18 (partial); February 1, 8 (partial), 15, 22 (2 copies); March 1, 15, 22; April 12, 19, 26; May 10, 24, 31; June 14, 1809\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Henkel Collection consists of two Hollinger boxes and one flat box, and spans a period from 1783 to 1916. The bulk of the collection consists of letters, religious documents, and newspapers and advertisements published by the Henkel Press. Also included are some Henkel family history materials and business documents, and miscellaneous secular materials. ","Many of the older letters in the Letters Series are in German while later ones are primarily in English. They demonstrate the dedication of the Henkel family to their faith as well as their activities within the Synod. ","Also in the collection (Secular Documents Series) are several handwritten school books, some with fraktur.","The Henkel Press Publications Series (including the Oversize Series) contains a large part of the collection, and includes handwritten drafts for advertisements to be printed, pamphlets, issues of Virginische Volksberichterand Westliche Correspondenz, and a formula for the ink used in printing.","Mostly to Paul, Ambrose, and Socrates Henkel in German. Includes 1816 German diary with reference to Pt. Pleasant.","German \u0026 English. Numerous letters from North Carolina","Notes by J. Salyards; 1846 brochure on The New-Market Academy; unsigned poem; 2 copies 1875 Henkel pub. of review of \"Idothea;\" several items relating to Salyards Memorial Association","April 12, 1806 (partial copy); February 6, 1808; September 19, 1812; June 28, August 2, 1822","Prayers, organization of service, responsive readings","Most are titled and dated. Several in German. Includes Henkel list of subscribers for preaching, 1841-1852.","Fragments of religious songbooks, some with notations","Includes Henkel Press Song Book, undated (German).","Words to songs; includes ballad about St. Clair's defeat by Indians. Some probably not printed by Henkel Press","Writings from Bible; writings on religious ideas; treatise to Solomon from David Henkle, Lincolnton, NC, 1826","Rockingham County licenses, some with notes that Ambrose or other Henkels performed ceremony","Includes book of misc. accounts with members of Whitehaven congregation, 1813; mss. on worship services by 4 Valley Lutheran churches, called by Rev. Nischmucker in Woodstock Jan. 1828; minutes of church meeting, 1855; printed proceedings of extra session, Luth. Tennessee Synod, 1864","Four texts, one addressed to \"Fellow Citizens of Shenandoah.\" Subjects are political \u0026 social concerns, include intemperance","Promises to pay, subscription orders, receipts, post office oath, a ledger book","Handwritten horse advertisements, announcements of tannery shops; German and English","St. Martin Luther's kleiner Katechismus. . . 1829 (58 cop.). Verhandlungen, Bericht der Verrichtungen, Auszug, or Report. . . evangelical Luthern Conference (North Carolina). . . 1812; 1814; 1816; 1817 (2 cop.). Verrichtung der Special-Conferenze der Evang. Luth. . . in Virginia. . . 1806; 1807; 1808; 1809; 1815; 1831. Kurze Nachricht, Report, Bericht, or Minutes. . . Evang. Luth. Tennessee Synod. . . 1820, 1821, 1828, 1830, 1833, 1891","Handwritten drafts and printed advertisements","Includes sales and school notices, incl. one for S. Henkel's New Market Female Seminary; broadside advertising a \"living quanacos;\" price-setting resolution of Shenandoah Cty. carpenters, 1816; church raffle tickets","Contains Rooster and Lion Henkel sheets, as well the following non-Henkel publications: 16 July 1782 issue of Philadelphische Correspondenz; unidentified sheet from 16 July 1808 German newspaper; 17 Jan. 1815 issue of Der Volksfreund (Lancaster PA); an 1824 election broadside in German; \u0026 1889 pamphlet Die Vekehrung (Allentown, PA)","December 23, 30, 1807; January 6, 20, 27; February 3, 17; March 2, 9, 16, 30, 1808","April 6, 13, 27 (partial copy); May 4, 11, 18, 25; June 8, 15, 22, 29; July 6, 13, 20, 27; August 10 (partial copy), 17, 31, 1808","September 7; October 5 (1 1/2 copies), 12 (1 1/2 copies), 19 (partial copy), 26; November 2, 16 (2 copies), 23, 30; December 7, 14, 1808","January 4, 11, 18 (partial); February 1, 8 (partial), 15, 22 (2 copies); March 1, 15, 22; April 12, 19, 26; May 10, 24, 31; June 14, 1809"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_6f189c4d73215aa7b681cb65400f2d90\"\u003eThe Henkel Family Papers consists of two Hollinger boxes and one oversize box, and spans a period from 1783 to 1916. The bulk of the collection consists of letters, religious documents, and newspapers and advertisements published by the Henkel Press of New Market, Virginia. Also included are some Henkel family history materials and business documents, and miscellaneous secular materials.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Henkel Family Papers consists of two Hollinger boxes and one oversize box, and spans a period from 1783 to 1916. The bulk of the collection consists of letters, religious documents, and newspapers and advertisements published by the Henkel Press of New Market, Virginia. Also included are some Henkel family history materials and business documents, and miscellaneous secular materials."],"names_coll_ssim":["Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society","Henkel family -- Correspondence","Henkel, Ambrose, 1786-1870 -- Correspondence","Henkel, Paul, 1754-1825 -- Correspondence","Henkel, Socrates, Rev., 1823-1901 -- Correspondence","Salyards, Joseph, 1808-1885 -- Correspondence"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society","Henkel family","Henkel family -- Correspondence","Henkel, Ambrose, 1786-1870 -- Correspondence","Henkel, Paul, 1754-1825 -- Correspondence","Henkel, Socrates, Rev., 1823-1901 -- Correspondence","Salyards, Joseph, 1808-1885 -- Correspondence"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society"],"famname_ssim":["Henkel family","Henkel family -- Correspondence"],"persname_ssim":["Henkel, Ambrose, 1786-1870 -- Correspondence","Henkel, Paul, 1754-1825 -- Correspondence","Henkel, Socrates, Rev., 1823-1901 -- Correspondence","Salyards, Joseph, 1808-1885 -- Correspondence"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":38,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:25:29.210Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_398_c03_c02"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_679_c01_c30","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Spitzer family correspondence","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_679_c01_c30#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_679_c01_c30","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_679_c01_c30"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_679_c01_c30","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_679","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_679","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_679_c01","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_679_c01","parent_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_679","vihart_repositories_4_resources_679_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_679","vihart_repositories_4_resources_679_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Rupp Family papers","Personal papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Rupp Family papers","Personal papers"],"text":["Rupp Family papers","Personal papers","Spitzer family correspondence","box 3","folder 5"],"title_filing_ssi":"Spitzer family correspondence","title_ssm":["Spitzer family correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Spitzer family correspondence"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1865-1888"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1865/1888"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Spitzer family correspondence"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Rupp Family papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":31,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"date_range_isim":[1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888],"containers_ssim":["box 3","folder 5"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#29","timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:22:36.405Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_679","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_679","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_679","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_679","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_679.xml","title_ssm":["Rupp Family papers"],"title_tesim":["Rupp Family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1831-1973"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1831-1973"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0342","/repositories/4/resources/679"],"text":["SC 0342","/repositories/4/resources/679","Rupp Family papers","New Market (Va.) -- History","Luray (Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Mural painting and decoration","Pencil drawing","Legal documents","Financial Records","Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Account books","Pencil drawings","Autograph albums","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","A small wooden box of pencils and sketching implements was not retained. Two leather wallets were not retained.","The collection is arranged in two series:","Personal papers, 1831-1940 Photographs, 1840-1973","William F. Rupp (1834-1908) was a German-born frescoer, plain and ornamental painter, and paperhanger from New Market, Virginia. While a youth in Germany, Rupp attended design school. He immigrated from Heilbronn, Germany and arrived in New York on July 17, 1854. Rupp resided in Luray for approximately one year and moved to New Market permanently in July 1855. He married Mary Catherine Spitzer (1837-1900) in 1862. Her father, Charles Spitzer, was a New Market gunsmith. In 1866, Rupp purchased what is now known as the Spitzer-Rupp House (located at 9295 Congress Street, New Market) from members of the Spitzer family. William and Mary Rupp had three sons, Charles E. (1863-1930), William \"Willie\" H. (1866-1925), and Joseph H. (1869-1923), all of whom are documented in the collection. While William F. Rupp worked primarily in the Shenandoah Valley, documentary evidence confirms that he also frescoed and painted in North Carolina and Pennsylvania. His fresco painting included churches, public buildings, and private residences, some of which are still extant.","Many members of the immediate and extended Rupp family are buried in New Market's St. Matthew's Cemetery.","Researchers should reference the \"Rupp family obituaries\" file for additional and more complete biographical information.","The materials descended through the Fritz and Loretta Orebaugh family of New Market, Virginia. Fritz's mother, Mary Rupp Orebaugh, was the granddaughter of William F. Rupp.","Papers were removed from non-archival document sleeves. Several leather document cases were discarded due to lack of research value and overall condition.","Charles E. Rupp. Papers, 1869-1942. Accession 36719, Personal papers collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.","The collection documents the Rupp family of New Market, Virginia and includes correspondence, photographs, financial documents, account books, legal documents, and pencil drawings.","Most notably, the collection documents the work of William F. Rupp, a German-born frescoer, plain and ornamental painter, and paperhanger from New Market, Virginia. Rupp's account books list the name and place of buildings he painted, frescoed, and wallpapered including frescoing Rader's Lutheran Church in Timberville and the Shenandoah County Courthouse courtroom in Woodstock. Bound accounts also document his work painting signs and gilding. One book is devoted to Rupp's sketches, including a birds-eye view of Luray, Virginia, but his pencil drawings are also scattered throughout the bound account books.","The collection also comprises photographs, financial documents, tax receipts, correspondence, and photographs related to William Rupp's immediate family including his wife Mary; sons Charles E., William \"Willie\" H., and Joseph H. Rupp, wife Rose, and their daughter Mary E., as well as others.","Series 1: Personal Papers, 1831-1940, includes correspondence, financial and legal documents, account books, and pencil drawings and sketches. The materials primarily document William F. Rupp and his immediate family. Documents also relate to the Spitzer family.","Of note are the materials documenting William F. Rupp's profession as a fresco painter and paperhanger. These materials include business letterhead, account books, sketches, his apprentice certificate, and invoices and financial records. Rupp's sketchbook includes a bird's-eye view of Luray, Virginia that is featured in the Shenandoah Valley Folklore Society's publication  Folk and Decorative Art of the Shenandoah Valley , pg. 16, fig. 220. Rupp's account book dated 1867-1930 records the work he did for private individuals as well as work in public buildings. These include Rader's Lutheran Church in Timberville, the Shenandoah County Court House court room, the Methodist Church in Edinburg, the United Brethren Church in Hawkinstown, the New Market Bank of Virginia, and many others. An 1856 document outlines Rupp's plan for providing drawing lessons to the pupils at the New Market Female Seminary and associated charges.","Additional William F. Rupp materials include his 1858 citizenship certificate, two 1866 deeds documenting the purchase of his New Market house (now known as the Spitzer-Rupp House) from the Spitzer family, and his July 1865 oath of allegiance to the United States. Correspondence from R.C. Rupp, William's brother in New York, is written in German.","In addition to bound accounts, the financial documents primarily comprise annual tax receipts.","Charles E. Rupp's diary documents a trip from New Market to the Pacific coast and back with his three companions.","Includes bird's-eye view of Luray, Virginia, other scenes, people, and many fresco designs. The sketch of Luray is featured in the Shenandoah Valley Folklore Society's  Folk and Decorative Art of the Shenandoah Valley , pg. 16, fig. 220.","Series 2: Photographs, 1840-1973, comprises photographs, cabinet cards, and a framed daguerreotype and ambrotype of the immediate William F. Rupp family. The photographs are largely identified with a subset of unidentified photographs grouped together. Images of Joseph H. and Rose Neff Rupp comprise the bulk of the photographs with several images featuring people posing with an obelisk-style Confederate memorial. More modern photographs document fresco works attributed to William F. Rupp and include a painted ceiling in the Charles Price home near Stanley, Virginia.","Two printed volumes were separated and cataloged individually.","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The collection documents the Rupp family of New Market, Virginia and includes correspondence, photographs, financial documents, account books, legal documents, and pencil drawings.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates","Rupp family","Rupp, William F., 1834-1908","English German"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0342","/repositories/4/resources/679"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Rupp Family papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Rupp Family papers"],"collection_ssim":["Rupp Family papers"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["New Market (Va.) -- History","Luray (Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["New Market (Va.) -- History","Luray (Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History"],"creator_ssm":["Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates","Rupp, William F., 1834-1908","Rupp family"],"creator_ssim":["Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates","Rupp, William F., 1834-1908","Rupp family"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Rupp, William F., 1834-1908"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Rupp family"],"creators_ssim":["Rupp, William F., 1834-1908","Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates","Rupp family"],"places_ssim":["New Market (Va.) -- History","Luray (Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Acquired at Jeffrey S. Evans's 37th Semi-Annual Americana/Fine Antiques auction on November 16, 2019."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Mural painting and decoration","Pencil drawing","Legal documents","Financial Records","Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Account books","Pencil drawings","Autograph albums"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Mural painting and decoration","Pencil drawing","Legal documents","Financial Records","Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Account books","Pencil drawings","Autograph albums"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.39 cubic feet 4 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["1.39 cubic feet 4 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Legal documents","Financial Records","Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Account books","Pencil drawings","Autograph albums"],"date_range_isim":[1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA small wooden box of pencils and sketching implements was not retained. Two leather wallets were not retained.\u003c/p\u003e"],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal"],"appraisal_tesim":["A small wooden box of pencils and sketching implements was not retained. Two leather wallets were not retained."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in two series:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePersonal papers, 1831-1940\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePhotographs, 1840-1973\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in two series:","Personal papers, 1831-1940 Photographs, 1840-1973"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam F. Rupp (1834-1908) was a German-born frescoer, plain and ornamental painter, and paperhanger from New Market, Virginia. While a youth in Germany, Rupp attended design school. He immigrated from Heilbronn, Germany and arrived in New York on July 17, 1854. Rupp resided in Luray for approximately one year and moved to New Market permanently in July 1855. He married Mary Catherine Spitzer (1837-1900) in 1862. Her father, Charles Spitzer, was a New Market gunsmith. In 1866, Rupp purchased what is now known as the Spitzer-Rupp House (located at 9295 Congress Street, New Market) from members of the Spitzer family. William and Mary Rupp had three sons, Charles E. (1863-1930), William \"Willie\" H. (1866-1925), and Joseph H. (1869-1923), all of whom are documented in the collection. While William F. Rupp worked primarily in the Shenandoah Valley, documentary evidence confirms that he also frescoed and painted in North Carolina and Pennsylvania. His fresco painting included churches, public buildings, and private residences, some of which are still extant.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMany members of the immediate and extended Rupp family are buried in New Market's St. Matthew's Cemetery.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResearchers should reference the \"Rupp family obituaries\" file for additional and more complete biographical information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["William F. Rupp (1834-1908) was a German-born frescoer, plain and ornamental painter, and paperhanger from New Market, Virginia. While a youth in Germany, Rupp attended design school. He immigrated from Heilbronn, Germany and arrived in New York on July 17, 1854. Rupp resided in Luray for approximately one year and moved to New Market permanently in July 1855. He married Mary Catherine Spitzer (1837-1900) in 1862. Her father, Charles Spitzer, was a New Market gunsmith. In 1866, Rupp purchased what is now known as the Spitzer-Rupp House (located at 9295 Congress Street, New Market) from members of the Spitzer family. William and Mary Rupp had three sons, Charles E. (1863-1930), William \"Willie\" H. (1866-1925), and Joseph H. (1869-1923), all of whom are documented in the collection. While William F. Rupp worked primarily in the Shenandoah Valley, documentary evidence confirms that he also frescoed and painted in North Carolina and Pennsylvania. His fresco painting included churches, public buildings, and private residences, some of which are still extant.","Many members of the immediate and extended Rupp family are buried in New Market's St. Matthew's Cemetery.","Researchers should reference the \"Rupp family obituaries\" file for additional and more complete biographical information."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials descended through the Fritz and Loretta Orebaugh family of New Market, Virginia. Fritz's mother, Mary Rupp Orebaugh, was the granddaughter of William F. Rupp.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["The materials descended through the Fritz and Loretta Orebaugh family of New Market, Virginia. Fritz's mother, Mary Rupp Orebaugh, was the granddaughter of William F. Rupp."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Rupp Family Papers, 1831-1973, SC 0342, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Rupp Family Papers, 1831-1973, SC 0342, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers were removed from non-archival document sleeves. Several leather document cases were discarded due to lack of research value and overall condition.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Papers were removed from non-archival document sleeves. Several leather document cases were discarded due to lack of research value and overall condition."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCharles E. Rupp. Papers, 1869-1942. Accession 36719, Personal papers collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Charles E. Rupp. Papers, 1869-1942. Accession 36719, Personal papers collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection documents the Rupp family of New Market, Virginia and includes correspondence, photographs, financial documents, account books, legal documents, and pencil drawings.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMost notably, the collection documents the work of William F. Rupp, a German-born frescoer, plain and ornamental painter, and paperhanger from New Market, Virginia. Rupp's account books list the name and place of buildings he painted, frescoed, and wallpapered including frescoing Rader's Lutheran Church in Timberville and the Shenandoah County Courthouse courtroom in Woodstock. Bound accounts also document his work painting signs and gilding. One book is devoted to Rupp's sketches, including a birds-eye view of Luray, Virginia, but his pencil drawings are also scattered throughout the bound account books.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also comprises photographs, financial documents, tax receipts, correspondence, and photographs related to William Rupp's immediate family including his wife Mary; sons Charles E., William \"Willie\" H., and Joseph H. Rupp, wife Rose, and their daughter Mary E., as well as others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Personal Papers, 1831-1940, includes correspondence, financial and legal documents, account books, and pencil drawings and sketches. The materials primarily document William F. Rupp and his immediate family. Documents also relate to the Spitzer family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOf note are the materials documenting William F. Rupp's profession as a fresco painter and paperhanger. These materials include business letterhead, account books, sketches, his apprentice certificate, and invoices and financial records. Rupp's sketchbook includes a bird's-eye view of Luray, Virginia that is featured in the Shenandoah Valley Folklore Society's publication \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eFolk and Decorative Art of the Shenandoah Valley\u003c/emph\u003e, pg. 16, fig. 220. Rupp's account book dated 1867-1930 records the work he did for private individuals as well as work in public buildings. These include Rader's Lutheran Church in Timberville, the Shenandoah County Court House court room, the Methodist Church in Edinburg, the United Brethren Church in Hawkinstown, the New Market Bank of Virginia, and many others. An 1856 document outlines Rupp's plan for providing drawing lessons to the pupils at the New Market Female Seminary and associated charges.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdditional William F. Rupp materials include his 1858 citizenship certificate, two 1866 deeds documenting the purchase of his New Market house (now known as the Spitzer-Rupp House) from the Spitzer family, and his July 1865 oath of allegiance to the United States. Correspondence from R.C. Rupp, William's brother in New York, is written in German.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to bound accounts, the financial documents primarily comprise annual tax receipts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCharles E. Rupp's diary documents a trip from New Market to the Pacific coast and back with his three companions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes bird's-eye view of Luray, Virginia, other scenes, people, and many fresco designs. The sketch of Luray is featured in the Shenandoah Valley Folklore Society's \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eFolk and Decorative Art of the Shenandoah Valley\u003c/emph\u003e, pg. 16, fig. 220.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Photographs, 1840-1973, comprises photographs, cabinet cards, and a framed daguerreotype and ambrotype of the immediate William F. Rupp family. The photographs are largely identified with a subset of unidentified photographs grouped together. Images of Joseph H. and Rose Neff Rupp comprise the bulk of the photographs with several images featuring people posing with an obelisk-style Confederate memorial. More modern photographs document fresco works attributed to William F. Rupp and include a painted ceiling in the Charles Price home near Stanley, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection documents the Rupp family of New Market, Virginia and includes correspondence, photographs, financial documents, account books, legal documents, and pencil drawings.","Most notably, the collection documents the work of William F. Rupp, a German-born frescoer, plain and ornamental painter, and paperhanger from New Market, Virginia. Rupp's account books list the name and place of buildings he painted, frescoed, and wallpapered including frescoing Rader's Lutheran Church in Timberville and the Shenandoah County Courthouse courtroom in Woodstock. Bound accounts also document his work painting signs and gilding. One book is devoted to Rupp's sketches, including a birds-eye view of Luray, Virginia, but his pencil drawings are also scattered throughout the bound account books.","The collection also comprises photographs, financial documents, tax receipts, correspondence, and photographs related to William Rupp's immediate family including his wife Mary; sons Charles E., William \"Willie\" H., and Joseph H. Rupp, wife Rose, and their daughter Mary E., as well as others.","Series 1: Personal Papers, 1831-1940, includes correspondence, financial and legal documents, account books, and pencil drawings and sketches. The materials primarily document William F. Rupp and his immediate family. Documents also relate to the Spitzer family.","Of note are the materials documenting William F. Rupp's profession as a fresco painter and paperhanger. These materials include business letterhead, account books, sketches, his apprentice certificate, and invoices and financial records. Rupp's sketchbook includes a bird's-eye view of Luray, Virginia that is featured in the Shenandoah Valley Folklore Society's publication  Folk and Decorative Art of the Shenandoah Valley , pg. 16, fig. 220. Rupp's account book dated 1867-1930 records the work he did for private individuals as well as work in public buildings. These include Rader's Lutheran Church in Timberville, the Shenandoah County Court House court room, the Methodist Church in Edinburg, the United Brethren Church in Hawkinstown, the New Market Bank of Virginia, and many others. An 1856 document outlines Rupp's plan for providing drawing lessons to the pupils at the New Market Female Seminary and associated charges.","Additional William F. Rupp materials include his 1858 citizenship certificate, two 1866 deeds documenting the purchase of his New Market house (now known as the Spitzer-Rupp House) from the Spitzer family, and his July 1865 oath of allegiance to the United States. Correspondence from R.C. Rupp, William's brother in New York, is written in German.","In addition to bound accounts, the financial documents primarily comprise annual tax receipts.","Charles E. Rupp's diary documents a trip from New Market to the Pacific coast and back with his three companions.","Includes bird's-eye view of Luray, Virginia, other scenes, people, and many fresco designs. The sketch of Luray is featured in the Shenandoah Valley Folklore Society's  Folk and Decorative Art of the Shenandoah Valley , pg. 16, fig. 220.","Series 2: Photographs, 1840-1973, comprises photographs, cabinet cards, and a framed daguerreotype and ambrotype of the immediate William F. Rupp family. The photographs are largely identified with a subset of unidentified photographs grouped together. Images of Joseph H. and Rose Neff Rupp comprise the bulk of the photographs with several images featuring people posing with an obelisk-style Confederate memorial. More modern photographs document fresco works attributed to William F. Rupp and include a painted ceiling in the Charles Price home near Stanley, Virginia."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTwo printed volumes were separated and cataloged individually.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Two printed volumes were separated and cataloged individually."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_055eb20ddf8f91318397f15cdb672218\"\u003eThe collection documents the Rupp family of New Market, Virginia and includes correspondence, photographs, financial documents, account books, legal documents, and pencil drawings.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection documents the Rupp family of New Market, Virginia and includes correspondence, photographs, financial documents, account books, legal documents, and pencil drawings."],"names_coll_ssim":["Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates","Rupp family","Rupp, William F., 1834-1908"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates"],"famname_ssim":["Rupp family"],"persname_ssim":["Rupp, William F., 1834-1908"],"language_ssim":["English German"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":42,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:22:36.405Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_679_c01_c30"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_423","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Stephens and Yount Family Papers","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_423#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Stephens, Richard A., 1831-1890","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_423#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Stephens and Yount Family Papers, 1812-1995, primarily document the Richard Stephens family of Rockingham County, Virginia and his descendants. Materials include correspondence, receipts, financial documents, indentures, deeds, photographs, and ephemera.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_423#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_423","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_423","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_423","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_423","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_423.xml","title_ssm":["Stephens and Yount Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Stephens and Yount Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1812-1995"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1812-1995"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0251","/repositories/4/resources/423"],"text":["SC 0251","/repositories/4/resources/423","Stephens and Yount Family Papers","Confederate States of America -- History","Confederate States of America -- History, Military","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Genealogy","Slavery -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Taxation -- Confederate States of America","Tax collection -- Confederate States of America","Greeting cards","Valentines","Sexism","Racism in cartoons","Race discrimination","Letters (correspondence)","Personal papers","Love letters","Estate inventories","Financial Records","Caricatures","Printed Ephemera","Genealogies (histories)","Photographs","Postcards","Newspaper clippings","Family papers","Vinegar valentines","Photograph albums","Diaries","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Out of scope materials and materials with negligible research value including assorted newspaper clippings and obituaries, Christmas cards, large quantities of empty envelopes without correspondence, real estate listings, and assorted printed ephemera were heavily weeded from the 2018-0430 accrual.","The collections is arranged in five series:","Personal Papers, 1813-1938 Correspondence, 1857-1931, 1991 Ephemera, 1916-1957 Genealogical Materials, 1812 2018 accessions, 1867-1995","Find a Grave . Myrtie Alice Stephens Yount, Memorial # 40849297. (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/40849297) Accessed October 18, 2017.","Find a Grave . Richard A. Stephens, Memorial # 76255269. (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/76255269) Accessed October 18, 2017.","\"United States Census, 1870,\" database with images,  FamilySearch  (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MFGC-MP2 : 12 April 2016), Richard Stephens, Virginia, United States; citing p. 69, family 485, NARA microfilm publication M593 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.); FHL microfilm 553,175.","Yount, J. B. III. \"Fifty-seven quilts from four generations,\"  Augusta County Historical Bulletin  50 (2014): 155-165.","\"Yount-Stephens.\"  The Rockingham Register , September 25, 1891.","Richard Anderson Stephens, variously spelled Stevens, Steven, and Stephen, was born January 6, 1831 to John Stephens (1804-1848) and Martha Burnsides Stephens Cowan (1806-1895) of Melrose, Rockingham County, Virginia. He is the grandson of Ludwig/Lewis Stephens (1747-1817) and Elizabeth Wolf Stephens (1775-1836). Documentary evidence contained within this collection confirms that John Stephens owned enslaved persons and Richard Stephens was involved in financial transactions concerning said enslaved persons after the death of his father and prior to the end of the Civil War.","Stephens married Mary Dovel Stephens and together they had nine children, six of whom lived into adulthood – Martha Josephine \"Josie\" (1856-1899), Laura Belle (1862-1934), Myrtie Alice (1867-1946), Sallie Georgiana (1870-1938), Bettie Lee, and John W. All of the aforementioned children are documented in this collection, with some to a lesser degree than others.","Documentary evidence suggests Stephens likely did not serve during the Civil War. As early as June 19, 1861, he was deemed medically unfit from serving during the Civil War. His exemption was due to a chronic \"disease of stomach and bowels of long standing.\"","According to the U. S. Census, Stephen's occupation was that of a farmer though he also held other positions in the community. He acted as the administrator of the estate of Reuben Holt Humbert of Augusta County and also served as the guardian for his younger siblings William L. Stephens and Fannie Stephens. In November 1861, Stephens was appointed Collector of the Confederate States War Tax for the 3rd District of Rockingham County. As early as 1887 he was appointed director of the Valley Turnpike Company. Richard Stephens died November 5, 1890 and is buried in Woodbine Cemetery in Harrisonburg alongside much of his family.","A large portion of this collection also documents Myrtie Stephens (1867-1946), daughter of Richard and Mary Dovel Stephens. Myrtie married Joseph Byron \"J. B.\" Yount (1848-1934) of Augusta County on September 23, 1891. The wedding was held at the home of Mary Stephens, near Melrose. The courtship between Myrtie and J. B. is chronicled in this collection with dozens of letters written between the two. It is likely that Myrtie and J. B. were semi-distant cousins as J. B. often refers to his future wife as \"Cousin\" in his letters to her. Additionally, Myrtie's maternal grandmother was named Barbara Yount Dovel (1797-1863), and it is through this family line that the couple was likely related. Myrtie was a school teacher for at least part of her life. This collection documents her career with lesson books, teaching contracts, and correspondence. The children of Myrtie and J.B. Yount are documented in the 2018 accession materials.","The materials that comprise this collection descended through the Stephens and Yount families of Rockingham and Augusta counties. After the October 2, 2016 death of Joseph Byron \"J. B.\" Yount III, much of the Yount estate was sold by Green Valley Auctions in Mt. Crawford, Virginia on June 9, 2017.","The materials in this series share provenance with the rest of the collection in that they were part of the June 9, 2017 Green Valley Auctions sale of the J.B. Yount estate.","Given the age and condition of the collection, select items underwent preservation treatment for stabilization, including flattening. Particularly fragile documents are housed in Mylar sleeves. The materials in this collection were largely received piecemeal, in addition to one large acquisition. There was no particular arrangement to the materials and as a result, the archivist imposed an arrangement based on material type, creator, and date. Photographs related to presumed genealogical research trips were removed from their paper backing and foldered in their original order. All corresponding captions were written on the backs of the photographs.","The Stephens and Yount Family Papers, 1812-1995, primarily document the Richard Stephens family of Rockingham County, Virginia and his descendants. Materials include correspondence, receipts, financial documents, indentures, deeds, and ephemera. Documents of particular interest relate to the sale, purchase, and hire of enslaved persons, and Richard Stephens' medical exemption from military service during the Civil War.","Series 1: Personal Papers, 1813-1938, is generally comprised of tax receipts, financial documents, agreements, promissory notes, deeds, indentures, insurance policies, wills, and other miscellaneous papers documenting Richard Stephens primarily, and also other immediate Stephens family members.","Of particular interest are the papers documenting the buying, selling, and hiring of enslaved persons between the Stephens family and other community members. Many of the enslaved persons were purchased or inherited from the estate of John Stephens, Richard Stephens' father. The enslaved persons are only referred to by name in three documents and are otherwise described as \"negro\" or \"slave.\" They are identified as Ellen, Hester, Hannah, and five children named Henry, Isaiah, Margaret, John, and George.","A folder of papers documenting Richard Stephens' medical exemption from military service during the Civil War is also included. The papers include surgeons' and doctors' description of Stephens' maladies, certifying that he is incapable of military duty. Additional documents mention his substitute, Benjamin Barr. Stephens' amnesty oath, dated June 20, 1865, is also included and is foldered chronologically with his papers.","A sizable portion of this series documents Richard Stephens acting in the capacity of estate administrator, particularly for Reuben Holt Humbert, and guardian to his younger siblings, Phebe Francis \"Fannie\" Stephens and William L. Stephens. These documents are primarily receipts with additional materials documenting the estates of the aforementioned persons, particularly Reuben Humbert. Humbert's personal property inventories are included as is a Confederate States of America registered bond.","The wills of Richard Stephens and his daughter Sallie Stephens are included. Sallie's will is notable in that she directs her executor to move \"all of my dead relatives that are buried in the family lot [Dovel-Stephens Family Cemetery]\" to her \"lot in Woodbine Cemetery, and there placed along with sister Laura and I, at the expense of my estate.\" Sallie died in 1938 and all of her deceased family members were removed to Woodbine Cemetery in 1940.","Materials related to Myrtie Stephens Yount's career as a teacher include two teaching contracts, printed examinations, and handwritten school material. Though many of these are not identified, it is presumed that they were used by Myrtie in her teaching.","Three military furloughs dated 1862 and 1863 and signed by Lieutenant Colonel Joseph Rodman Drake DeKay (1836-1886) are also included, but have no apparent connection to the Stephens family.","Oversize materials include an 1813 land indenture between Valentine and Nancy Wolf and Jacob Wolf. Valentine Wolf was Lewis Stephens' father-in-law. Lewis Stephens was Richard Stephens' grandfather and is also mentioned in several documents pertaining to Stephens' father, John Stephens. Also housed in oversize is a January 8, 1891 broadside advertising the public sale of Richard Stephens' personal property. The broadside describes 26 head of stock cattle, 100 tons of prime timothy hay, 300 bushels of wheat, and various farm implements.","Series 2: Correspondence, 1857-1931, 1991, contains letters to and from several members of the Stephens and Yount families. Corresponding envelopes are included as are envelopes with no corresponding letter.","A significant portion of the collection comprises the correspondence of Myrtie Stephens Yount, daughter of Richard and Mary E. Stephens. The correspondence is largely comprised of letters addressed to Myrtie with many of the letters from her future husband and cousin Joseph Byron Yount. Generally, the subject matter of the correspondence is newsy, providing updates on family and community members. While most of the correspondence between the couple dates prior to their marriage, a few letters date to after their September 1891 marriage. Of interest is a hastily written letter dated July 10, 1899 from Myrtie to Yount in which she delivers the news that her sister Josie has passed away. In the letter, Myrtie requests her husband bring her mourning clothes to her as soon as is possible. Another notable letter is dated June 14, 1899 to Myrtie Yount in which the correspondent recounts going to Harrisonburg for the unveiling of the Turner Ashby monument. Much of Myrtie's correspondence also discusses her and her colleague's teaching careers. One particular letter dated November 6, 1890 is written to Myrtie by a fellow teacher. He writes about his experiences teaching children in Brocks Gap.","A limited selection of correspondence addressed to or written by Richard Stephens, Mary E. Stephens, Josie Stephens, Sallie Stephens, and Laura Stephens is also included. Of note is a letter from Henry T. Garnett, Chief Collector of the Confederate States War Tax for Virginia, to Richard Stephens, dated November 6, 1861, appointing Stephens Collector of the Confederate States War Tax for the 3rd District of Rockingham County. A handwritten note by Garnett on the back of the letter reads: \"The owners of slaves are to give me the value and pay the tax upon all their negroes, whether said negroes are hired out or in their service.\" Stephens' November 1887 letter and certificate of reappointment as director of the Valley Turnpike Company is also included.","Series 3: Ephemera, 1916-1957, includes newspaper clippings, photographs, postcards, and a few miscellaneous items including a half stick of chewing gum dating to 1916. Noteworthy items include a folder of seven vinegar valentines featuring color illustrations and corresponding poems. These lithographs likely date to the late nineteenth or early twentieth century and feature racist sentiments or are otherwise insulting in tone. Two of the lithographs evoke Jim Crow era values and depict African Americans with stereotypical physical characteristics.","Series 4: Genealogical Materials, 1812, were presumably collected by Joseph Byron Yount III, the last private owner of the Stephens and Yount Family Papers, as part of his genealogical research into his family. The subject files include undated photographs and facsimiles of primary source material relating to the Yount family in Pennsylvania. Of interest is a handwritten genealogical note relating to Ludwig/Lewis Stephens, the grandfather of Richard Stephens.","Series 5: 2018 Accessions, 1867-1995, comprises materials acquired in two separate accessions in 2018. Personal papers, research and genealogical materials, and photographs relate directly to immediate and extended Yount family members, specifically the children of Myrtie Stephens Yount and J.B. Yount.","Spotswood Hall, Turner Ashby Monument, New Hope Garage, Goshen, New Hope High School, South River, Matthew Fontaine Maury Memorial at Goshen Pass, Marine's Camp at Ft. Defiance, Harriston, Washington Monument, Lincoln Memorial, U.S. Capitol, assorted Washington DC sights and buildings, Hightown, Monterey, Towers School, pet fawn, Natural Chimneys/Cyclopean Towers and jousting tournament, Langley Field, Naval Base, Jamestown, Yorktown, Richmond, Virginia Beach, Mt. Solon Dam, Stonewall Cottage (Melrose), North River Dam, Blacksburg, Castle Hill, University of Virginia, Kanawha River, Chicago World's Fair, Handley High School, Apple Blossom Festival, Skyline Drive, etc.","(Accession 2018-0315)","Inscribed: \"Presented to C.E. Koiner by J. Yount. May 1867\"","Includes a young J.B. Yount III while a cadet at Fishburne Military School.","The May 16, 1844 issue of  The Sentinel of the Shenandoah Valley  and a copy of  A Choice Selection of Hymns: From Various Authors, Recommended for the Worship of God…  have been removed from the collection and cataloged as part of Special Collections rare book collection. The right edge of the newspaper has been trimmed and, as a result, the issue is incomplete.","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Stephens and Yount Family Papers, 1812-1995, primarily document the Richard Stephens family of Rockingham County, Virginia and his descendants. Materials include correspondence, receipts, financial documents, indentures, deeds, photographs, and ephemera.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","eBay (Firm)","Tim Abbott Americana","Rolling Hills Antique Mall","Stephens family","Yount family","Stephens, Richard A., 1831-1890","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0251","/repositories/4/resources/423"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Stephens and Yount Family Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Stephens and Yount Family Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Stephens and Yount Family Papers"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Confederate States of America -- History","Confederate States of America -- History, Military","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Genealogy"],"geogname_ssim":["Confederate States of America -- History","Confederate States of America -- History, Military","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Genealogy"],"creator_ssm":["Stephens, Richard A., 1831-1890","Stephens family","Yount family","eBay (Firm)","Tim Abbott Americana","Rolling Hills Antique Mall"],"creator_ssim":["Stephens, Richard A., 1831-1890","Stephens family","Yount family","eBay (Firm)","Tim Abbott Americana","Rolling Hills Antique Mall"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Stephens, Richard A., 1831-1890"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["eBay (Firm)","Tim Abbott Americana","Rolling Hills Antique Mall"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Stephens family","Yount family"],"creators_ssim":["Stephens, Richard A., 1831-1890","eBay (Firm)","Tim Abbott Americana","Rolling Hills Antique Mall","Stephens family","Yount family"],"places_ssim":["Confederate States of America -- History","Confederate States of America -- History, Military","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Genealogy"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Acquired in many parts from eBay auctions and directly from the seller, Tim Abbott. Two additions were acquired in 2018 from Black Swan Books and Rolling Hills Antique Mall."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Slavery -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Taxation -- Confederate States of America","Tax collection -- Confederate States of America","Greeting cards","Valentines","Sexism","Racism in cartoons","Race discrimination","Letters (correspondence)","Personal papers","Love letters","Estate inventories","Financial Records","Caricatures","Printed Ephemera","Genealogies (histories)","Photographs","Postcards","Newspaper clippings","Family papers","Vinegar valentines","Photograph albums","Diaries"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Slavery -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Taxation -- Confederate States of America","Tax collection -- Confederate States of America","Greeting cards","Valentines","Sexism","Racism in cartoons","Race discrimination","Letters (correspondence)","Personal papers","Love letters","Estate inventories","Financial Records","Caricatures","Printed Ephemera","Genealogies (histories)","Photographs","Postcards","Newspaper clippings","Family papers","Vinegar valentines","Photograph albums","Diaries"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.4 cubic feet 7 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.4 cubic feet 7 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)","Personal papers","Love letters","Estate inventories","Financial Records","Caricatures","Printed Ephemera","Genealogies (histories)","Photographs","Postcards","Newspaper clippings","Family papers","Vinegar valentines","Photograph albums","Diaries"],"date_range_isim":[1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOut of scope materials and materials with negligible research value including assorted newspaper clippings and obituaries, Christmas cards, large quantities of empty envelopes without correspondence, real estate listings, and assorted printed ephemera were heavily weeded from the 2018-0430 accrual.\u003c/p\u003e"],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal"],"appraisal_tesim":["Out of scope materials and materials with negligible research value including assorted newspaper clippings and obituaries, Christmas cards, large quantities of empty envelopes without correspondence, real estate listings, and assorted printed ephemera were heavily weeded from the 2018-0430 accrual."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collections is arranged in five series:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePersonal Papers, 1813-1938\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eCorrespondence, 1857-1931, 1991\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eEphemera, 1916-1957\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eGenealogical Materials, 1812\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e2018 accessions, 1867-1995\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collections is arranged in five series:","Personal Papers, 1813-1938 Correspondence, 1857-1931, 1991 Ephemera, 1916-1957 Genealogical Materials, 1812 2018 accessions, 1867-1995"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eFind a Grave\u003c/emph\u003e. Myrtie Alice Stephens Yount, Memorial # 40849297. (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/40849297) Accessed October 18, 2017.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eFind a Grave\u003c/emph\u003e. Richard A. Stephens, Memorial # 76255269. (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/76255269) Accessed October 18, 2017.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e\"United States Census, 1870,\" database with images, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eFamilySearch\u003c/emph\u003e (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MFGC-MP2 : 12 April 2016), Richard Stephens, Virginia, United States; citing p. 69, family 485, NARA microfilm publication M593 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.); FHL microfilm 553,175.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eYount, J. B. III. \"Fifty-seven quilts from four generations,\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAugusta County Historical Bulletin\u003c/emph\u003e 50 (2014): 155-165.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e\"Yount-Stephens.\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Rockingham Register\u003c/emph\u003e, September 25, 1891.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Find a Grave . Myrtie Alice Stephens Yount, Memorial # 40849297. (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/40849297) Accessed October 18, 2017.","Find a Grave . Richard A. Stephens, Memorial # 76255269. (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/76255269) Accessed October 18, 2017.","\"United States Census, 1870,\" database with images,  FamilySearch  (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MFGC-MP2 : 12 April 2016), Richard Stephens, Virginia, United States; citing p. 69, family 485, NARA microfilm publication M593 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.); FHL microfilm 553,175.","Yount, J. B. III. \"Fifty-seven quilts from four generations,\"  Augusta County Historical Bulletin  50 (2014): 155-165.","\"Yount-Stephens.\"  The Rockingham Register , September 25, 1891."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRichard Anderson Stephens, variously spelled Stevens, Steven, and Stephen, was born January 6, 1831 to John Stephens (1804-1848) and Martha Burnsides Stephens Cowan (1806-1895) of Melrose, Rockingham County, Virginia. He is the grandson of Ludwig/Lewis Stephens (1747-1817) and Elizabeth Wolf Stephens (1775-1836). Documentary evidence contained within this collection confirms that John Stephens owned enslaved persons and Richard Stephens was involved in financial transactions concerning said enslaved persons after the death of his father and prior to the end of the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eStephens married Mary Dovel Stephens and together they had nine children, six of whom lived into adulthood – Martha Josephine \"Josie\" (1856-1899), Laura Belle (1862-1934), Myrtie Alice (1867-1946), Sallie Georgiana (1870-1938), Bettie Lee, and John W. All of the aforementioned children are documented in this collection, with some to a lesser degree than others.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDocumentary evidence suggests Stephens likely did not serve during the Civil War. As early as June 19, 1861, he was deemed medically unfit from serving during the Civil War. His exemption was due to a chronic \"disease of stomach and bowels of long standing.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAccording to the U. S. Census, Stephen's occupation was that of a farmer though he also held other positions in the community. He acted as the administrator of the estate of Reuben Holt Humbert of Augusta County and also served as the guardian for his younger siblings William L. Stephens and Fannie Stephens. In November 1861, Stephens was appointed Collector of the Confederate States War Tax for the 3rd District of Rockingham County. As early as 1887 he was appointed director of the Valley Turnpike Company. Richard Stephens died November 5, 1890 and is buried in Woodbine Cemetery in Harrisonburg alongside much of his family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA large portion of this collection also documents Myrtie Stephens (1867-1946), daughter of Richard and Mary Dovel Stephens. Myrtie married Joseph Byron \"J. B.\" Yount (1848-1934) of Augusta County on September 23, 1891. The wedding was held at the home of Mary Stephens, near Melrose. The courtship between Myrtie and J. B. is chronicled in this collection with dozens of letters written between the two. It is likely that Myrtie and J. B. were semi-distant cousins as J. B. often refers to his future wife as \"Cousin\" in his letters to her. Additionally, Myrtie's maternal grandmother was named Barbara Yount Dovel (1797-1863), and it is through this family line that the couple was likely related. Myrtie was a school teacher for at least part of her life. This collection documents her career with lesson books, teaching contracts, and correspondence. The children of Myrtie and J.B. Yount are documented in the 2018 accession materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Richard Anderson Stephens, variously spelled Stevens, Steven, and Stephen, was born January 6, 1831 to John Stephens (1804-1848) and Martha Burnsides Stephens Cowan (1806-1895) of Melrose, Rockingham County, Virginia. He is the grandson of Ludwig/Lewis Stephens (1747-1817) and Elizabeth Wolf Stephens (1775-1836). Documentary evidence contained within this collection confirms that John Stephens owned enslaved persons and Richard Stephens was involved in financial transactions concerning said enslaved persons after the death of his father and prior to the end of the Civil War.","Stephens married Mary Dovel Stephens and together they had nine children, six of whom lived into adulthood – Martha Josephine \"Josie\" (1856-1899), Laura Belle (1862-1934), Myrtie Alice (1867-1946), Sallie Georgiana (1870-1938), Bettie Lee, and John W. All of the aforementioned children are documented in this collection, with some to a lesser degree than others.","Documentary evidence suggests Stephens likely did not serve during the Civil War. As early as June 19, 1861, he was deemed medically unfit from serving during the Civil War. His exemption was due to a chronic \"disease of stomach and bowels of long standing.\"","According to the U. S. Census, Stephen's occupation was that of a farmer though he also held other positions in the community. He acted as the administrator of the estate of Reuben Holt Humbert of Augusta County and also served as the guardian for his younger siblings William L. Stephens and Fannie Stephens. In November 1861, Stephens was appointed Collector of the Confederate States War Tax for the 3rd District of Rockingham County. As early as 1887 he was appointed director of the Valley Turnpike Company. Richard Stephens died November 5, 1890 and is buried in Woodbine Cemetery in Harrisonburg alongside much of his family.","A large portion of this collection also documents Myrtie Stephens (1867-1946), daughter of Richard and Mary Dovel Stephens. Myrtie married Joseph Byron \"J. B.\" Yount (1848-1934) of Augusta County on September 23, 1891. The wedding was held at the home of Mary Stephens, near Melrose. The courtship between Myrtie and J. B. is chronicled in this collection with dozens of letters written between the two. It is likely that Myrtie and J. B. were semi-distant cousins as J. B. often refers to his future wife as \"Cousin\" in his letters to her. Additionally, Myrtie's maternal grandmother was named Barbara Yount Dovel (1797-1863), and it is through this family line that the couple was likely related. Myrtie was a school teacher for at least part of her life. This collection documents her career with lesson books, teaching contracts, and correspondence. The children of Myrtie and J.B. Yount are documented in the 2018 accession materials."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials that comprise this collection descended through the Stephens and Yount families of Rockingham and Augusta counties. After the October 2, 2016 death of Joseph Byron \"J. B.\" Yount III, much of the Yount estate was sold by Green Valley Auctions in Mt. Crawford, Virginia on June 9, 2017.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe materials in this series share provenance with the rest of the collection in that they were part of the June 9, 2017 Green Valley Auctions sale of the J.B. Yount estate.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance","Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["The materials that comprise this collection descended through the Stephens and Yount families of Rockingham and Augusta counties. After the October 2, 2016 death of Joseph Byron \"J. B.\" Yount III, much of the Yount estate was sold by Green Valley Auctions in Mt. Crawford, Virginia on June 9, 2017.","The materials in this series share provenance with the rest of the collection in that they were part of the June 9, 2017 Green Valley Auctions sale of the J.B. Yount estate."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Stephens and Yount Family Papers, 1812-1995, SC 0251, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Stephens and Yount Family Papers, 1812-1995, SC 0251, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGiven the age and condition of the collection, select items underwent preservation treatment for stabilization, including flattening. Particularly fragile documents are housed in Mylar sleeves. The materials in this collection were largely received piecemeal, in addition to one large acquisition. There was no particular arrangement to the materials and as a result, the archivist imposed an arrangement based on material type, creator, and date. Photographs related to presumed genealogical research trips were removed from their paper backing and foldered in their original order. All corresponding captions were written on the backs of the photographs.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Given the age and condition of the collection, select items underwent preservation treatment for stabilization, including flattening. Particularly fragile documents are housed in Mylar sleeves. The materials in this collection were largely received piecemeal, in addition to one large acquisition. There was no particular arrangement to the materials and as a result, the archivist imposed an arrangement based on material type, creator, and date. Photographs related to presumed genealogical research trips were removed from their paper backing and foldered in their original order. All corresponding captions were written on the backs of the photographs."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Stephens and Yount Family Papers, 1812-1995, primarily document the Richard Stephens family of Rockingham County, Virginia and his descendants. Materials include correspondence, receipts, financial documents, indentures, deeds, and ephemera. Documents of particular interest relate to the sale, purchase, and hire of enslaved persons, and Richard Stephens' medical exemption from military service during the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Personal Papers, 1813-1938, is generally comprised of tax receipts, financial documents, agreements, promissory notes, deeds, indentures, insurance policies, wills, and other miscellaneous papers documenting Richard Stephens primarily, and also other immediate Stephens family members.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOf particular interest are the papers documenting the buying, selling, and hiring of enslaved persons between the Stephens family and other community members. Many of the enslaved persons were purchased or inherited from the estate of John Stephens, Richard Stephens' father. The enslaved persons are only referred to by name in three documents and are otherwise described as \"negro\" or \"slave.\" They are identified as Ellen, Hester, Hannah, and five children named Henry, Isaiah, Margaret, John, and George.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA folder of papers documenting Richard Stephens' medical exemption from military service during the Civil War is also included. The papers include surgeons' and doctors' description of Stephens' maladies, certifying that he is incapable of military duty. Additional documents mention his substitute, Benjamin Barr. Stephens' amnesty oath, dated June 20, 1865, is also included and is foldered chronologically with his papers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA sizable portion of this series documents Richard Stephens acting in the capacity of estate administrator, particularly for Reuben Holt Humbert, and guardian to his younger siblings, Phebe Francis \"Fannie\" Stephens and William L. Stephens. These documents are primarily receipts with additional materials documenting the estates of the aforementioned persons, particularly Reuben Humbert. Humbert's personal property inventories are included as is a Confederate States of America registered bond.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe wills of Richard Stephens and his daughter Sallie Stephens are included. Sallie's will is notable in that she directs her executor to move \"all of my dead relatives that are buried in the family lot [Dovel-Stephens Family Cemetery]\" to her \"lot in Woodbine Cemetery, and there placed along with sister Laura and I, at the expense of my estate.\" Sallie died in 1938 and all of her deceased family members were removed to Woodbine Cemetery in 1940.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaterials related to Myrtie Stephens Yount's career as a teacher include two teaching contracts, printed examinations, and handwritten school material. Though many of these are not identified, it is presumed that they were used by Myrtie in her teaching.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThree military furloughs dated 1862 and 1863 and signed by Lieutenant Colonel Joseph Rodman Drake DeKay (1836-1886) are also included, but have no apparent connection to the Stephens family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOversize materials include an 1813 land indenture between Valentine and Nancy Wolf and Jacob Wolf. Valentine Wolf was Lewis Stephens' father-in-law. Lewis Stephens was Richard Stephens' grandfather and is also mentioned in several documents pertaining to Stephens' father, John Stephens. Also housed in oversize is a January 8, 1891 broadside advertising the public sale of Richard Stephens' personal property. The broadside describes 26 head of stock cattle, 100 tons of prime timothy hay, 300 bushels of wheat, and various farm implements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Correspondence, 1857-1931, 1991, contains letters to and from several members of the Stephens and Yount families. Corresponding envelopes are included as are envelopes with no corresponding letter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA significant portion of the collection comprises the correspondence of Myrtie Stephens Yount, daughter of Richard and Mary E. Stephens. The correspondence is largely comprised of letters addressed to Myrtie with many of the letters from her future husband and cousin Joseph Byron Yount. Generally, the subject matter of the correspondence is newsy, providing updates on family and community members. While most of the correspondence between the couple dates prior to their marriage, a few letters date to after their September 1891 marriage. Of interest is a hastily written letter dated July 10, 1899 from Myrtie to Yount in which she delivers the news that her sister Josie has passed away. In the letter, Myrtie requests her husband bring her mourning clothes to her as soon as is possible. Another notable letter is dated June 14, 1899 to Myrtie Yount in which the correspondent recounts going to Harrisonburg for the unveiling of the Turner Ashby monument. Much of Myrtie's correspondence also discusses her and her colleague's teaching careers. One particular letter dated November 6, 1890 is written to Myrtie by a fellow teacher. He writes about his experiences teaching children in Brocks Gap.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA limited selection of correspondence addressed to or written by Richard Stephens, Mary E. Stephens, Josie Stephens, Sallie Stephens, and Laura Stephens is also included. Of note is a letter from Henry T. Garnett, Chief Collector of the Confederate States War Tax for Virginia, to Richard Stephens, dated November 6, 1861, appointing Stephens Collector of the Confederate States War Tax for the 3rd District of Rockingham County. A handwritten note by Garnett on the back of the letter reads: \"The owners of slaves are to give me the value and pay the tax upon all their negroes, whether said negroes are hired out or in their service.\" Stephens' November 1887 letter and certificate of reappointment as director of the Valley Turnpike Company is also included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Ephemera, 1916-1957, includes newspaper clippings, photographs, postcards, and a few miscellaneous items including a half stick of chewing gum dating to 1916. Noteworthy items include a folder of seven vinegar valentines featuring color illustrations and corresponding poems. These lithographs likely date to the late nineteenth or early twentieth century and feature racist sentiments or are otherwise insulting in tone. Two of the lithographs evoke Jim Crow era values and depict African Americans with stereotypical physical characteristics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Genealogical Materials, 1812, were presumably collected by Joseph Byron Yount III, the last private owner of the Stephens and Yount Family Papers, as part of his genealogical research into his family. The subject files include undated photographs and facsimiles of primary source material relating to the Yount family in Pennsylvania. Of interest is a handwritten genealogical note relating to Ludwig/Lewis Stephens, the grandfather of Richard Stephens.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: 2018 Accessions, 1867-1995, comprises materials acquired in two separate accessions in 2018. Personal papers, research and genealogical materials, and photographs relate directly to immediate and extended Yount family members, specifically the children of Myrtie Stephens Yount and J.B. Yount.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpotswood Hall, Turner Ashby Monument, New Hope Garage, Goshen, New Hope High School, South River, Matthew Fontaine Maury Memorial at Goshen Pass, Marine's Camp at Ft. Defiance, Harriston, Washington Monument, Lincoln Memorial, U.S. Capitol, assorted Washington DC sights and buildings, Hightown, Monterey, Towers School, pet fawn, Natural Chimneys/Cyclopean Towers and jousting tournament, Langley Field, Naval Base, Jamestown, Yorktown, Richmond, Virginia Beach, Mt. Solon Dam, Stonewall Cottage (Melrose), North River Dam, Blacksburg, Castle Hill, University of Virginia, Kanawha River, Chicago World's Fair, Handley High School, Apple Blossom Festival, Skyline Drive, etc.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e(Accession 2018-0315)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInscribed: \"Presented to C.E. Koiner by J. Yount. May 1867\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes a young J.B. Yount III while a cadet at Fishburne Military School.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Stephens and Yount Family Papers, 1812-1995, primarily document the Richard Stephens family of Rockingham County, Virginia and his descendants. Materials include correspondence, receipts, financial documents, indentures, deeds, and ephemera. Documents of particular interest relate to the sale, purchase, and hire of enslaved persons, and Richard Stephens' medical exemption from military service during the Civil War.","Series 1: Personal Papers, 1813-1938, is generally comprised of tax receipts, financial documents, agreements, promissory notes, deeds, indentures, insurance policies, wills, and other miscellaneous papers documenting Richard Stephens primarily, and also other immediate Stephens family members.","Of particular interest are the papers documenting the buying, selling, and hiring of enslaved persons between the Stephens family and other community members. Many of the enslaved persons were purchased or inherited from the estate of John Stephens, Richard Stephens' father. The enslaved persons are only referred to by name in three documents and are otherwise described as \"negro\" or \"slave.\" They are identified as Ellen, Hester, Hannah, and five children named Henry, Isaiah, Margaret, John, and George.","A folder of papers documenting Richard Stephens' medical exemption from military service during the Civil War is also included. The papers include surgeons' and doctors' description of Stephens' maladies, certifying that he is incapable of military duty. Additional documents mention his substitute, Benjamin Barr. Stephens' amnesty oath, dated June 20, 1865, is also included and is foldered chronologically with his papers.","A sizable portion of this series documents Richard Stephens acting in the capacity of estate administrator, particularly for Reuben Holt Humbert, and guardian to his younger siblings, Phebe Francis \"Fannie\" Stephens and William L. Stephens. These documents are primarily receipts with additional materials documenting the estates of the aforementioned persons, particularly Reuben Humbert. Humbert's personal property inventories are included as is a Confederate States of America registered bond.","The wills of Richard Stephens and his daughter Sallie Stephens are included. Sallie's will is notable in that she directs her executor to move \"all of my dead relatives that are buried in the family lot [Dovel-Stephens Family Cemetery]\" to her \"lot in Woodbine Cemetery, and there placed along with sister Laura and I, at the expense of my estate.\" Sallie died in 1938 and all of her deceased family members were removed to Woodbine Cemetery in 1940.","Materials related to Myrtie Stephens Yount's career as a teacher include two teaching contracts, printed examinations, and handwritten school material. Though many of these are not identified, it is presumed that they were used by Myrtie in her teaching.","Three military furloughs dated 1862 and 1863 and signed by Lieutenant Colonel Joseph Rodman Drake DeKay (1836-1886) are also included, but have no apparent connection to the Stephens family.","Oversize materials include an 1813 land indenture between Valentine and Nancy Wolf and Jacob Wolf. Valentine Wolf was Lewis Stephens' father-in-law. Lewis Stephens was Richard Stephens' grandfather and is also mentioned in several documents pertaining to Stephens' father, John Stephens. Also housed in oversize is a January 8, 1891 broadside advertising the public sale of Richard Stephens' personal property. The broadside describes 26 head of stock cattle, 100 tons of prime timothy hay, 300 bushels of wheat, and various farm implements.","Series 2: Correspondence, 1857-1931, 1991, contains letters to and from several members of the Stephens and Yount families. Corresponding envelopes are included as are envelopes with no corresponding letter.","A significant portion of the collection comprises the correspondence of Myrtie Stephens Yount, daughter of Richard and Mary E. Stephens. The correspondence is largely comprised of letters addressed to Myrtie with many of the letters from her future husband and cousin Joseph Byron Yount. Generally, the subject matter of the correspondence is newsy, providing updates on family and community members. While most of the correspondence between the couple dates prior to their marriage, a few letters date to after their September 1891 marriage. Of interest is a hastily written letter dated July 10, 1899 from Myrtie to Yount in which she delivers the news that her sister Josie has passed away. In the letter, Myrtie requests her husband bring her mourning clothes to her as soon as is possible. Another notable letter is dated June 14, 1899 to Myrtie Yount in which the correspondent recounts going to Harrisonburg for the unveiling of the Turner Ashby monument. Much of Myrtie's correspondence also discusses her and her colleague's teaching careers. One particular letter dated November 6, 1890 is written to Myrtie by a fellow teacher. He writes about his experiences teaching children in Brocks Gap.","A limited selection of correspondence addressed to or written by Richard Stephens, Mary E. Stephens, Josie Stephens, Sallie Stephens, and Laura Stephens is also included. Of note is a letter from Henry T. Garnett, Chief Collector of the Confederate States War Tax for Virginia, to Richard Stephens, dated November 6, 1861, appointing Stephens Collector of the Confederate States War Tax for the 3rd District of Rockingham County. A handwritten note by Garnett on the back of the letter reads: \"The owners of slaves are to give me the value and pay the tax upon all their negroes, whether said negroes are hired out or in their service.\" Stephens' November 1887 letter and certificate of reappointment as director of the Valley Turnpike Company is also included.","Series 3: Ephemera, 1916-1957, includes newspaper clippings, photographs, postcards, and a few miscellaneous items including a half stick of chewing gum dating to 1916. Noteworthy items include a folder of seven vinegar valentines featuring color illustrations and corresponding poems. These lithographs likely date to the late nineteenth or early twentieth century and feature racist sentiments or are otherwise insulting in tone. Two of the lithographs evoke Jim Crow era values and depict African Americans with stereotypical physical characteristics.","Series 4: Genealogical Materials, 1812, were presumably collected by Joseph Byron Yount III, the last private owner of the Stephens and Yount Family Papers, as part of his genealogical research into his family. The subject files include undated photographs and facsimiles of primary source material relating to the Yount family in Pennsylvania. Of interest is a handwritten genealogical note relating to Ludwig/Lewis Stephens, the grandfather of Richard Stephens.","Series 5: 2018 Accessions, 1867-1995, comprises materials acquired in two separate accessions in 2018. Personal papers, research and genealogical materials, and photographs relate directly to immediate and extended Yount family members, specifically the children of Myrtie Stephens Yount and J.B. Yount.","Spotswood Hall, Turner Ashby Monument, New Hope Garage, Goshen, New Hope High School, South River, Matthew Fontaine Maury Memorial at Goshen Pass, Marine's Camp at Ft. Defiance, Harriston, Washington Monument, Lincoln Memorial, U.S. Capitol, assorted Washington DC sights and buildings, Hightown, Monterey, Towers School, pet fawn, Natural Chimneys/Cyclopean Towers and jousting tournament, Langley Field, Naval Base, Jamestown, Yorktown, Richmond, Virginia Beach, Mt. Solon Dam, Stonewall Cottage (Melrose), North River Dam, Blacksburg, Castle Hill, University of Virginia, Kanawha River, Chicago World's Fair, Handley High School, Apple Blossom Festival, Skyline Drive, etc.","(Accession 2018-0315)","Inscribed: \"Presented to C.E. Koiner by J. Yount. May 1867\"","Includes a young J.B. Yount III while a cadet at Fishburne Military School."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe May 16, 1844 issue of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Sentinel of the Shenandoah Valley\u003c/emph\u003e and a copy of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eA Choice Selection of Hymns: From Various Authors, Recommended for the Worship of God…\u003c/emph\u003e have been removed from the collection and cataloged as part of Special Collections rare book collection. The right edge of the newspaper has been trimmed and, as a result, the issue is incomplete.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Material"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The May 16, 1844 issue of  The Sentinel of the Shenandoah Valley  and a copy of  A Choice Selection of Hymns: From Various Authors, Recommended for the Worship of God…  have been removed from the collection and cataloged as part of Special Collections rare book collection. The right edge of the newspaper has been trimmed and, as a result, the issue is incomplete."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ba57889d7ff83f0fcf341190658eb73b\"\u003eThe Stephens and Yount Family Papers, 1812-1995, primarily document the Richard Stephens family of Rockingham County, Virginia and his descendants. Materials include correspondence, receipts, financial documents, indentures, deeds, photographs, and ephemera.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Stephens and Yount Family Papers, 1812-1995, primarily document the Richard Stephens family of Rockingham County, Virginia and his descendants. Materials include correspondence, receipts, financial documents, indentures, deeds, photographs, and ephemera."],"names_coll_ssim":["eBay (Firm)","Tim Abbott Americana","Rolling Hills Antique Mall"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","eBay (Firm)","Tim Abbott Americana","Rolling Hills Antique Mall","Stephens family","Yount family","Stephens, Richard A., 1831-1890"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","eBay (Firm)","Tim Abbott Americana","Rolling Hills Antique Mall"],"famname_ssim":["Stephens family","Yount family"],"persname_ssim":["Stephens, Richard A., 1831-1890"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":87,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:19:11.086Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_423","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_423","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_423","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_423","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_423.xml","title_ssm":["Stephens and Yount Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Stephens and Yount Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1812-1995"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1812-1995"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0251","/repositories/4/resources/423"],"text":["SC 0251","/repositories/4/resources/423","Stephens and Yount Family Papers","Confederate States of America -- History","Confederate States of America -- History, Military","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Genealogy","Slavery -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Taxation -- Confederate States of America","Tax collection -- Confederate States of America","Greeting cards","Valentines","Sexism","Racism in cartoons","Race discrimination","Letters (correspondence)","Personal papers","Love letters","Estate inventories","Financial Records","Caricatures","Printed Ephemera","Genealogies (histories)","Photographs","Postcards","Newspaper clippings","Family papers","Vinegar valentines","Photograph albums","Diaries","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Out of scope materials and materials with negligible research value including assorted newspaper clippings and obituaries, Christmas cards, large quantities of empty envelopes without correspondence, real estate listings, and assorted printed ephemera were heavily weeded from the 2018-0430 accrual.","The collections is arranged in five series:","Personal Papers, 1813-1938 Correspondence, 1857-1931, 1991 Ephemera, 1916-1957 Genealogical Materials, 1812 2018 accessions, 1867-1995","Find a Grave . Myrtie Alice Stephens Yount, Memorial # 40849297. (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/40849297) Accessed October 18, 2017.","Find a Grave . Richard A. Stephens, Memorial # 76255269. (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/76255269) Accessed October 18, 2017.","\"United States Census, 1870,\" database with images,  FamilySearch  (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MFGC-MP2 : 12 April 2016), Richard Stephens, Virginia, United States; citing p. 69, family 485, NARA microfilm publication M593 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.); FHL microfilm 553,175.","Yount, J. B. III. \"Fifty-seven quilts from four generations,\"  Augusta County Historical Bulletin  50 (2014): 155-165.","\"Yount-Stephens.\"  The Rockingham Register , September 25, 1891.","Richard Anderson Stephens, variously spelled Stevens, Steven, and Stephen, was born January 6, 1831 to John Stephens (1804-1848) and Martha Burnsides Stephens Cowan (1806-1895) of Melrose, Rockingham County, Virginia. He is the grandson of Ludwig/Lewis Stephens (1747-1817) and Elizabeth Wolf Stephens (1775-1836). Documentary evidence contained within this collection confirms that John Stephens owned enslaved persons and Richard Stephens was involved in financial transactions concerning said enslaved persons after the death of his father and prior to the end of the Civil War.","Stephens married Mary Dovel Stephens and together they had nine children, six of whom lived into adulthood – Martha Josephine \"Josie\" (1856-1899), Laura Belle (1862-1934), Myrtie Alice (1867-1946), Sallie Georgiana (1870-1938), Bettie Lee, and John W. All of the aforementioned children are documented in this collection, with some to a lesser degree than others.","Documentary evidence suggests Stephens likely did not serve during the Civil War. As early as June 19, 1861, he was deemed medically unfit from serving during the Civil War. His exemption was due to a chronic \"disease of stomach and bowels of long standing.\"","According to the U. S. Census, Stephen's occupation was that of a farmer though he also held other positions in the community. He acted as the administrator of the estate of Reuben Holt Humbert of Augusta County and also served as the guardian for his younger siblings William L. Stephens and Fannie Stephens. In November 1861, Stephens was appointed Collector of the Confederate States War Tax for the 3rd District of Rockingham County. As early as 1887 he was appointed director of the Valley Turnpike Company. Richard Stephens died November 5, 1890 and is buried in Woodbine Cemetery in Harrisonburg alongside much of his family.","A large portion of this collection also documents Myrtie Stephens (1867-1946), daughter of Richard and Mary Dovel Stephens. Myrtie married Joseph Byron \"J. B.\" Yount (1848-1934) of Augusta County on September 23, 1891. The wedding was held at the home of Mary Stephens, near Melrose. The courtship between Myrtie and J. B. is chronicled in this collection with dozens of letters written between the two. It is likely that Myrtie and J. B. were semi-distant cousins as J. B. often refers to his future wife as \"Cousin\" in his letters to her. Additionally, Myrtie's maternal grandmother was named Barbara Yount Dovel (1797-1863), and it is through this family line that the couple was likely related. Myrtie was a school teacher for at least part of her life. This collection documents her career with lesson books, teaching contracts, and correspondence. The children of Myrtie and J.B. Yount are documented in the 2018 accession materials.","The materials that comprise this collection descended through the Stephens and Yount families of Rockingham and Augusta counties. After the October 2, 2016 death of Joseph Byron \"J. B.\" Yount III, much of the Yount estate was sold by Green Valley Auctions in Mt. Crawford, Virginia on June 9, 2017.","The materials in this series share provenance with the rest of the collection in that they were part of the June 9, 2017 Green Valley Auctions sale of the J.B. Yount estate.","Given the age and condition of the collection, select items underwent preservation treatment for stabilization, including flattening. Particularly fragile documents are housed in Mylar sleeves. The materials in this collection were largely received piecemeal, in addition to one large acquisition. There was no particular arrangement to the materials and as a result, the archivist imposed an arrangement based on material type, creator, and date. Photographs related to presumed genealogical research trips were removed from their paper backing and foldered in their original order. All corresponding captions were written on the backs of the photographs.","The Stephens and Yount Family Papers, 1812-1995, primarily document the Richard Stephens family of Rockingham County, Virginia and his descendants. Materials include correspondence, receipts, financial documents, indentures, deeds, and ephemera. Documents of particular interest relate to the sale, purchase, and hire of enslaved persons, and Richard Stephens' medical exemption from military service during the Civil War.","Series 1: Personal Papers, 1813-1938, is generally comprised of tax receipts, financial documents, agreements, promissory notes, deeds, indentures, insurance policies, wills, and other miscellaneous papers documenting Richard Stephens primarily, and also other immediate Stephens family members.","Of particular interest are the papers documenting the buying, selling, and hiring of enslaved persons between the Stephens family and other community members. Many of the enslaved persons were purchased or inherited from the estate of John Stephens, Richard Stephens' father. The enslaved persons are only referred to by name in three documents and are otherwise described as \"negro\" or \"slave.\" They are identified as Ellen, Hester, Hannah, and five children named Henry, Isaiah, Margaret, John, and George.","A folder of papers documenting Richard Stephens' medical exemption from military service during the Civil War is also included. The papers include surgeons' and doctors' description of Stephens' maladies, certifying that he is incapable of military duty. Additional documents mention his substitute, Benjamin Barr. Stephens' amnesty oath, dated June 20, 1865, is also included and is foldered chronologically with his papers.","A sizable portion of this series documents Richard Stephens acting in the capacity of estate administrator, particularly for Reuben Holt Humbert, and guardian to his younger siblings, Phebe Francis \"Fannie\" Stephens and William L. Stephens. These documents are primarily receipts with additional materials documenting the estates of the aforementioned persons, particularly Reuben Humbert. Humbert's personal property inventories are included as is a Confederate States of America registered bond.","The wills of Richard Stephens and his daughter Sallie Stephens are included. Sallie's will is notable in that she directs her executor to move \"all of my dead relatives that are buried in the family lot [Dovel-Stephens Family Cemetery]\" to her \"lot in Woodbine Cemetery, and there placed along with sister Laura and I, at the expense of my estate.\" Sallie died in 1938 and all of her deceased family members were removed to Woodbine Cemetery in 1940.","Materials related to Myrtie Stephens Yount's career as a teacher include two teaching contracts, printed examinations, and handwritten school material. Though many of these are not identified, it is presumed that they were used by Myrtie in her teaching.","Three military furloughs dated 1862 and 1863 and signed by Lieutenant Colonel Joseph Rodman Drake DeKay (1836-1886) are also included, but have no apparent connection to the Stephens family.","Oversize materials include an 1813 land indenture between Valentine and Nancy Wolf and Jacob Wolf. Valentine Wolf was Lewis Stephens' father-in-law. Lewis Stephens was Richard Stephens' grandfather and is also mentioned in several documents pertaining to Stephens' father, John Stephens. Also housed in oversize is a January 8, 1891 broadside advertising the public sale of Richard Stephens' personal property. The broadside describes 26 head of stock cattle, 100 tons of prime timothy hay, 300 bushels of wheat, and various farm implements.","Series 2: Correspondence, 1857-1931, 1991, contains letters to and from several members of the Stephens and Yount families. Corresponding envelopes are included as are envelopes with no corresponding letter.","A significant portion of the collection comprises the correspondence of Myrtie Stephens Yount, daughter of Richard and Mary E. Stephens. The correspondence is largely comprised of letters addressed to Myrtie with many of the letters from her future husband and cousin Joseph Byron Yount. Generally, the subject matter of the correspondence is newsy, providing updates on family and community members. While most of the correspondence between the couple dates prior to their marriage, a few letters date to after their September 1891 marriage. Of interest is a hastily written letter dated July 10, 1899 from Myrtie to Yount in which she delivers the news that her sister Josie has passed away. In the letter, Myrtie requests her husband bring her mourning clothes to her as soon as is possible. Another notable letter is dated June 14, 1899 to Myrtie Yount in which the correspondent recounts going to Harrisonburg for the unveiling of the Turner Ashby monument. Much of Myrtie's correspondence also discusses her and her colleague's teaching careers. One particular letter dated November 6, 1890 is written to Myrtie by a fellow teacher. He writes about his experiences teaching children in Brocks Gap.","A limited selection of correspondence addressed to or written by Richard Stephens, Mary E. Stephens, Josie Stephens, Sallie Stephens, and Laura Stephens is also included. Of note is a letter from Henry T. Garnett, Chief Collector of the Confederate States War Tax for Virginia, to Richard Stephens, dated November 6, 1861, appointing Stephens Collector of the Confederate States War Tax for the 3rd District of Rockingham County. A handwritten note by Garnett on the back of the letter reads: \"The owners of slaves are to give me the value and pay the tax upon all their negroes, whether said negroes are hired out or in their service.\" Stephens' November 1887 letter and certificate of reappointment as director of the Valley Turnpike Company is also included.","Series 3: Ephemera, 1916-1957, includes newspaper clippings, photographs, postcards, and a few miscellaneous items including a half stick of chewing gum dating to 1916. Noteworthy items include a folder of seven vinegar valentines featuring color illustrations and corresponding poems. These lithographs likely date to the late nineteenth or early twentieth century and feature racist sentiments or are otherwise insulting in tone. Two of the lithographs evoke Jim Crow era values and depict African Americans with stereotypical physical characteristics.","Series 4: Genealogical Materials, 1812, were presumably collected by Joseph Byron Yount III, the last private owner of the Stephens and Yount Family Papers, as part of his genealogical research into his family. The subject files include undated photographs and facsimiles of primary source material relating to the Yount family in Pennsylvania. Of interest is a handwritten genealogical note relating to Ludwig/Lewis Stephens, the grandfather of Richard Stephens.","Series 5: 2018 Accessions, 1867-1995, comprises materials acquired in two separate accessions in 2018. Personal papers, research and genealogical materials, and photographs relate directly to immediate and extended Yount family members, specifically the children of Myrtie Stephens Yount and J.B. Yount.","Spotswood Hall, Turner Ashby Monument, New Hope Garage, Goshen, New Hope High School, South River, Matthew Fontaine Maury Memorial at Goshen Pass, Marine's Camp at Ft. Defiance, Harriston, Washington Monument, Lincoln Memorial, U.S. Capitol, assorted Washington DC sights and buildings, Hightown, Monterey, Towers School, pet fawn, Natural Chimneys/Cyclopean Towers and jousting tournament, Langley Field, Naval Base, Jamestown, Yorktown, Richmond, Virginia Beach, Mt. Solon Dam, Stonewall Cottage (Melrose), North River Dam, Blacksburg, Castle Hill, University of Virginia, Kanawha River, Chicago World's Fair, Handley High School, Apple Blossom Festival, Skyline Drive, etc.","(Accession 2018-0315)","Inscribed: \"Presented to C.E. Koiner by J. Yount. May 1867\"","Includes a young J.B. Yount III while a cadet at Fishburne Military School.","The May 16, 1844 issue of  The Sentinel of the Shenandoah Valley  and a copy of  A Choice Selection of Hymns: From Various Authors, Recommended for the Worship of God…  have been removed from the collection and cataloged as part of Special Collections rare book collection. The right edge of the newspaper has been trimmed and, as a result, the issue is incomplete.","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Stephens and Yount Family Papers, 1812-1995, primarily document the Richard Stephens family of Rockingham County, Virginia and his descendants. Materials include correspondence, receipts, financial documents, indentures, deeds, photographs, and ephemera.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","eBay (Firm)","Tim Abbott Americana","Rolling Hills Antique Mall","Stephens family","Yount family","Stephens, Richard A., 1831-1890","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0251","/repositories/4/resources/423"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Stephens and Yount Family Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Stephens and Yount Family Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Stephens and Yount Family Papers"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Confederate States of America -- History","Confederate States of America -- History, Military","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Genealogy"],"geogname_ssim":["Confederate States of America -- History","Confederate States of America -- History, Military","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Genealogy"],"creator_ssm":["Stephens, Richard A., 1831-1890","Stephens family","Yount family","eBay (Firm)","Tim Abbott Americana","Rolling Hills Antique Mall"],"creator_ssim":["Stephens, Richard A., 1831-1890","Stephens family","Yount family","eBay (Firm)","Tim Abbott Americana","Rolling Hills Antique Mall"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Stephens, Richard A., 1831-1890"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["eBay (Firm)","Tim Abbott Americana","Rolling Hills Antique Mall"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Stephens family","Yount family"],"creators_ssim":["Stephens, Richard A., 1831-1890","eBay (Firm)","Tim Abbott Americana","Rolling Hills Antique Mall","Stephens family","Yount family"],"places_ssim":["Confederate States of America -- History","Confederate States of America -- History, Military","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Genealogy"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Acquired in many parts from eBay auctions and directly from the seller, Tim Abbott. Two additions were acquired in 2018 from Black Swan Books and Rolling Hills Antique Mall."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Slavery -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Taxation -- Confederate States of America","Tax collection -- Confederate States of America","Greeting cards","Valentines","Sexism","Racism in cartoons","Race discrimination","Letters (correspondence)","Personal papers","Love letters","Estate inventories","Financial Records","Caricatures","Printed Ephemera","Genealogies (histories)","Photographs","Postcards","Newspaper clippings","Family papers","Vinegar valentines","Photograph albums","Diaries"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Slavery -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Taxation -- Confederate States of America","Tax collection -- Confederate States of America","Greeting cards","Valentines","Sexism","Racism in cartoons","Race discrimination","Letters (correspondence)","Personal papers","Love letters","Estate inventories","Financial Records","Caricatures","Printed Ephemera","Genealogies (histories)","Photographs","Postcards","Newspaper clippings","Family papers","Vinegar valentines","Photograph albums","Diaries"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.4 cubic feet 7 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.4 cubic feet 7 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)","Personal papers","Love letters","Estate inventories","Financial Records","Caricatures","Printed Ephemera","Genealogies (histories)","Photographs","Postcards","Newspaper clippings","Family papers","Vinegar valentines","Photograph albums","Diaries"],"date_range_isim":[1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOut of scope materials and materials with negligible research value including assorted newspaper clippings and obituaries, Christmas cards, large quantities of empty envelopes without correspondence, real estate listings, and assorted printed ephemera were heavily weeded from the 2018-0430 accrual.\u003c/p\u003e"],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal"],"appraisal_tesim":["Out of scope materials and materials with negligible research value including assorted newspaper clippings and obituaries, Christmas cards, large quantities of empty envelopes without correspondence, real estate listings, and assorted printed ephemera were heavily weeded from the 2018-0430 accrual."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collections is arranged in five series:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePersonal Papers, 1813-1938\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eCorrespondence, 1857-1931, 1991\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eEphemera, 1916-1957\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eGenealogical Materials, 1812\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e2018 accessions, 1867-1995\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collections is arranged in five series:","Personal Papers, 1813-1938 Correspondence, 1857-1931, 1991 Ephemera, 1916-1957 Genealogical Materials, 1812 2018 accessions, 1867-1995"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eFind a Grave\u003c/emph\u003e. Myrtie Alice Stephens Yount, Memorial # 40849297. (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/40849297) Accessed October 18, 2017.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eFind a Grave\u003c/emph\u003e. Richard A. Stephens, Memorial # 76255269. (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/76255269) Accessed October 18, 2017.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e\"United States Census, 1870,\" database with images, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eFamilySearch\u003c/emph\u003e (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MFGC-MP2 : 12 April 2016), Richard Stephens, Virginia, United States; citing p. 69, family 485, NARA microfilm publication M593 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.); FHL microfilm 553,175.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eYount, J. B. III. \"Fifty-seven quilts from four generations,\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAugusta County Historical Bulletin\u003c/emph\u003e 50 (2014): 155-165.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003e\"Yount-Stephens.\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Rockingham Register\u003c/emph\u003e, September 25, 1891.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Find a Grave . Myrtie Alice Stephens Yount, Memorial # 40849297. (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/40849297) Accessed October 18, 2017.","Find a Grave . Richard A. Stephens, Memorial # 76255269. (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/76255269) Accessed October 18, 2017.","\"United States Census, 1870,\" database with images,  FamilySearch  (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MFGC-MP2 : 12 April 2016), Richard Stephens, Virginia, United States; citing p. 69, family 485, NARA microfilm publication M593 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.); FHL microfilm 553,175.","Yount, J. B. III. \"Fifty-seven quilts from four generations,\"  Augusta County Historical Bulletin  50 (2014): 155-165.","\"Yount-Stephens.\"  The Rockingham Register , September 25, 1891."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRichard Anderson Stephens, variously spelled Stevens, Steven, and Stephen, was born January 6, 1831 to John Stephens (1804-1848) and Martha Burnsides Stephens Cowan (1806-1895) of Melrose, Rockingham County, Virginia. He is the grandson of Ludwig/Lewis Stephens (1747-1817) and Elizabeth Wolf Stephens (1775-1836). Documentary evidence contained within this collection confirms that John Stephens owned enslaved persons and Richard Stephens was involved in financial transactions concerning said enslaved persons after the death of his father and prior to the end of the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eStephens married Mary Dovel Stephens and together they had nine children, six of whom lived into adulthood – Martha Josephine \"Josie\" (1856-1899), Laura Belle (1862-1934), Myrtie Alice (1867-1946), Sallie Georgiana (1870-1938), Bettie Lee, and John W. All of the aforementioned children are documented in this collection, with some to a lesser degree than others.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDocumentary evidence suggests Stephens likely did not serve during the Civil War. As early as June 19, 1861, he was deemed medically unfit from serving during the Civil War. His exemption was due to a chronic \"disease of stomach and bowels of long standing.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAccording to the U. S. Census, Stephen's occupation was that of a farmer though he also held other positions in the community. He acted as the administrator of the estate of Reuben Holt Humbert of Augusta County and also served as the guardian for his younger siblings William L. Stephens and Fannie Stephens. In November 1861, Stephens was appointed Collector of the Confederate States War Tax for the 3rd District of Rockingham County. As early as 1887 he was appointed director of the Valley Turnpike Company. Richard Stephens died November 5, 1890 and is buried in Woodbine Cemetery in Harrisonburg alongside much of his family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA large portion of this collection also documents Myrtie Stephens (1867-1946), daughter of Richard and Mary Dovel Stephens. Myrtie married Joseph Byron \"J. B.\" Yount (1848-1934) of Augusta County on September 23, 1891. The wedding was held at the home of Mary Stephens, near Melrose. The courtship between Myrtie and J. B. is chronicled in this collection with dozens of letters written between the two. It is likely that Myrtie and J. B. were semi-distant cousins as J. B. often refers to his future wife as \"Cousin\" in his letters to her. Additionally, Myrtie's maternal grandmother was named Barbara Yount Dovel (1797-1863), and it is through this family line that the couple was likely related. Myrtie was a school teacher for at least part of her life. This collection documents her career with lesson books, teaching contracts, and correspondence. The children of Myrtie and J.B. Yount are documented in the 2018 accession materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Richard Anderson Stephens, variously spelled Stevens, Steven, and Stephen, was born January 6, 1831 to John Stephens (1804-1848) and Martha Burnsides Stephens Cowan (1806-1895) of Melrose, Rockingham County, Virginia. He is the grandson of Ludwig/Lewis Stephens (1747-1817) and Elizabeth Wolf Stephens (1775-1836). Documentary evidence contained within this collection confirms that John Stephens owned enslaved persons and Richard Stephens was involved in financial transactions concerning said enslaved persons after the death of his father and prior to the end of the Civil War.","Stephens married Mary Dovel Stephens and together they had nine children, six of whom lived into adulthood – Martha Josephine \"Josie\" (1856-1899), Laura Belle (1862-1934), Myrtie Alice (1867-1946), Sallie Georgiana (1870-1938), Bettie Lee, and John W. All of the aforementioned children are documented in this collection, with some to a lesser degree than others.","Documentary evidence suggests Stephens likely did not serve during the Civil War. As early as June 19, 1861, he was deemed medically unfit from serving during the Civil War. His exemption was due to a chronic \"disease of stomach and bowels of long standing.\"","According to the U. S. Census, Stephen's occupation was that of a farmer though he also held other positions in the community. He acted as the administrator of the estate of Reuben Holt Humbert of Augusta County and also served as the guardian for his younger siblings William L. Stephens and Fannie Stephens. In November 1861, Stephens was appointed Collector of the Confederate States War Tax for the 3rd District of Rockingham County. As early as 1887 he was appointed director of the Valley Turnpike Company. Richard Stephens died November 5, 1890 and is buried in Woodbine Cemetery in Harrisonburg alongside much of his family.","A large portion of this collection also documents Myrtie Stephens (1867-1946), daughter of Richard and Mary Dovel Stephens. Myrtie married Joseph Byron \"J. B.\" Yount (1848-1934) of Augusta County on September 23, 1891. The wedding was held at the home of Mary Stephens, near Melrose. The courtship between Myrtie and J. B. is chronicled in this collection with dozens of letters written between the two. It is likely that Myrtie and J. B. were semi-distant cousins as J. B. often refers to his future wife as \"Cousin\" in his letters to her. Additionally, Myrtie's maternal grandmother was named Barbara Yount Dovel (1797-1863), and it is through this family line that the couple was likely related. Myrtie was a school teacher for at least part of her life. This collection documents her career with lesson books, teaching contracts, and correspondence. The children of Myrtie and J.B. Yount are documented in the 2018 accession materials."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials that comprise this collection descended through the Stephens and Yount families of Rockingham and Augusta counties. After the October 2, 2016 death of Joseph Byron \"J. B.\" Yount III, much of the Yount estate was sold by Green Valley Auctions in Mt. Crawford, Virginia on June 9, 2017.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe materials in this series share provenance with the rest of the collection in that they were part of the June 9, 2017 Green Valley Auctions sale of the J.B. Yount estate.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance","Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["The materials that comprise this collection descended through the Stephens and Yount families of Rockingham and Augusta counties. After the October 2, 2016 death of Joseph Byron \"J. B.\" Yount III, much of the Yount estate was sold by Green Valley Auctions in Mt. Crawford, Virginia on June 9, 2017.","The materials in this series share provenance with the rest of the collection in that they were part of the June 9, 2017 Green Valley Auctions sale of the J.B. Yount estate."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Stephens and Yount Family Papers, 1812-1995, SC 0251, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Stephens and Yount Family Papers, 1812-1995, SC 0251, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGiven the age and condition of the collection, select items underwent preservation treatment for stabilization, including flattening. Particularly fragile documents are housed in Mylar sleeves. The materials in this collection were largely received piecemeal, in addition to one large acquisition. There was no particular arrangement to the materials and as a result, the archivist imposed an arrangement based on material type, creator, and date. Photographs related to presumed genealogical research trips were removed from their paper backing and foldered in their original order. All corresponding captions were written on the backs of the photographs.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Given the age and condition of the collection, select items underwent preservation treatment for stabilization, including flattening. Particularly fragile documents are housed in Mylar sleeves. The materials in this collection were largely received piecemeal, in addition to one large acquisition. There was no particular arrangement to the materials and as a result, the archivist imposed an arrangement based on material type, creator, and date. Photographs related to presumed genealogical research trips were removed from their paper backing and foldered in their original order. All corresponding captions were written on the backs of the photographs."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Stephens and Yount Family Papers, 1812-1995, primarily document the Richard Stephens family of Rockingham County, Virginia and his descendants. Materials include correspondence, receipts, financial documents, indentures, deeds, and ephemera. Documents of particular interest relate to the sale, purchase, and hire of enslaved persons, and Richard Stephens' medical exemption from military service during the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Personal Papers, 1813-1938, is generally comprised of tax receipts, financial documents, agreements, promissory notes, deeds, indentures, insurance policies, wills, and other miscellaneous papers documenting Richard Stephens primarily, and also other immediate Stephens family members.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOf particular interest are the papers documenting the buying, selling, and hiring of enslaved persons between the Stephens family and other community members. Many of the enslaved persons were purchased or inherited from the estate of John Stephens, Richard Stephens' father. The enslaved persons are only referred to by name in three documents and are otherwise described as \"negro\" or \"slave.\" They are identified as Ellen, Hester, Hannah, and five children named Henry, Isaiah, Margaret, John, and George.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA folder of papers documenting Richard Stephens' medical exemption from military service during the Civil War is also included. The papers include surgeons' and doctors' description of Stephens' maladies, certifying that he is incapable of military duty. Additional documents mention his substitute, Benjamin Barr. Stephens' amnesty oath, dated June 20, 1865, is also included and is foldered chronologically with his papers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA sizable portion of this series documents Richard Stephens acting in the capacity of estate administrator, particularly for Reuben Holt Humbert, and guardian to his younger siblings, Phebe Francis \"Fannie\" Stephens and William L. Stephens. These documents are primarily receipts with additional materials documenting the estates of the aforementioned persons, particularly Reuben Humbert. Humbert's personal property inventories are included as is a Confederate States of America registered bond.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe wills of Richard Stephens and his daughter Sallie Stephens are included. Sallie's will is notable in that she directs her executor to move \"all of my dead relatives that are buried in the family lot [Dovel-Stephens Family Cemetery]\" to her \"lot in Woodbine Cemetery, and there placed along with sister Laura and I, at the expense of my estate.\" Sallie died in 1938 and all of her deceased family members were removed to Woodbine Cemetery in 1940.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaterials related to Myrtie Stephens Yount's career as a teacher include two teaching contracts, printed examinations, and handwritten school material. Though many of these are not identified, it is presumed that they were used by Myrtie in her teaching.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThree military furloughs dated 1862 and 1863 and signed by Lieutenant Colonel Joseph Rodman Drake DeKay (1836-1886) are also included, but have no apparent connection to the Stephens family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOversize materials include an 1813 land indenture between Valentine and Nancy Wolf and Jacob Wolf. Valentine Wolf was Lewis Stephens' father-in-law. Lewis Stephens was Richard Stephens' grandfather and is also mentioned in several documents pertaining to Stephens' father, John Stephens. Also housed in oversize is a January 8, 1891 broadside advertising the public sale of Richard Stephens' personal property. The broadside describes 26 head of stock cattle, 100 tons of prime timothy hay, 300 bushels of wheat, and various farm implements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Correspondence, 1857-1931, 1991, contains letters to and from several members of the Stephens and Yount families. Corresponding envelopes are included as are envelopes with no corresponding letter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA significant portion of the collection comprises the correspondence of Myrtie Stephens Yount, daughter of Richard and Mary E. Stephens. The correspondence is largely comprised of letters addressed to Myrtie with many of the letters from her future husband and cousin Joseph Byron Yount. Generally, the subject matter of the correspondence is newsy, providing updates on family and community members. While most of the correspondence between the couple dates prior to their marriage, a few letters date to after their September 1891 marriage. Of interest is a hastily written letter dated July 10, 1899 from Myrtie to Yount in which she delivers the news that her sister Josie has passed away. In the letter, Myrtie requests her husband bring her mourning clothes to her as soon as is possible. Another notable letter is dated June 14, 1899 to Myrtie Yount in which the correspondent recounts going to Harrisonburg for the unveiling of the Turner Ashby monument. Much of Myrtie's correspondence also discusses her and her colleague's teaching careers. One particular letter dated November 6, 1890 is written to Myrtie by a fellow teacher. He writes about his experiences teaching children in Brocks Gap.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA limited selection of correspondence addressed to or written by Richard Stephens, Mary E. Stephens, Josie Stephens, Sallie Stephens, and Laura Stephens is also included. Of note is a letter from Henry T. Garnett, Chief Collector of the Confederate States War Tax for Virginia, to Richard Stephens, dated November 6, 1861, appointing Stephens Collector of the Confederate States War Tax for the 3rd District of Rockingham County. A handwritten note by Garnett on the back of the letter reads: \"The owners of slaves are to give me the value and pay the tax upon all their negroes, whether said negroes are hired out or in their service.\" Stephens' November 1887 letter and certificate of reappointment as director of the Valley Turnpike Company is also included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Ephemera, 1916-1957, includes newspaper clippings, photographs, postcards, and a few miscellaneous items including a half stick of chewing gum dating to 1916. Noteworthy items include a folder of seven vinegar valentines featuring color illustrations and corresponding poems. These lithographs likely date to the late nineteenth or early twentieth century and feature racist sentiments or are otherwise insulting in tone. Two of the lithographs evoke Jim Crow era values and depict African Americans with stereotypical physical characteristics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Genealogical Materials, 1812, were presumably collected by Joseph Byron Yount III, the last private owner of the Stephens and Yount Family Papers, as part of his genealogical research into his family. The subject files include undated photographs and facsimiles of primary source material relating to the Yount family in Pennsylvania. Of interest is a handwritten genealogical note relating to Ludwig/Lewis Stephens, the grandfather of Richard Stephens.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: 2018 Accessions, 1867-1995, comprises materials acquired in two separate accessions in 2018. Personal papers, research and genealogical materials, and photographs relate directly to immediate and extended Yount family members, specifically the children of Myrtie Stephens Yount and J.B. Yount.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpotswood Hall, Turner Ashby Monument, New Hope Garage, Goshen, New Hope High School, South River, Matthew Fontaine Maury Memorial at Goshen Pass, Marine's Camp at Ft. Defiance, Harriston, Washington Monument, Lincoln Memorial, U.S. Capitol, assorted Washington DC sights and buildings, Hightown, Monterey, Towers School, pet fawn, Natural Chimneys/Cyclopean Towers and jousting tournament, Langley Field, Naval Base, Jamestown, Yorktown, Richmond, Virginia Beach, Mt. Solon Dam, Stonewall Cottage (Melrose), North River Dam, Blacksburg, Castle Hill, University of Virginia, Kanawha River, Chicago World's Fair, Handley High School, Apple Blossom Festival, Skyline Drive, etc.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e(Accession 2018-0315)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInscribed: \"Presented to C.E. Koiner by J. Yount. May 1867\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes a young J.B. Yount III while a cadet at Fishburne Military School.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Stephens and Yount Family Papers, 1812-1995, primarily document the Richard Stephens family of Rockingham County, Virginia and his descendants. Materials include correspondence, receipts, financial documents, indentures, deeds, and ephemera. Documents of particular interest relate to the sale, purchase, and hire of enslaved persons, and Richard Stephens' medical exemption from military service during the Civil War.","Series 1: Personal Papers, 1813-1938, is generally comprised of tax receipts, financial documents, agreements, promissory notes, deeds, indentures, insurance policies, wills, and other miscellaneous papers documenting Richard Stephens primarily, and also other immediate Stephens family members.","Of particular interest are the papers documenting the buying, selling, and hiring of enslaved persons between the Stephens family and other community members. Many of the enslaved persons were purchased or inherited from the estate of John Stephens, Richard Stephens' father. The enslaved persons are only referred to by name in three documents and are otherwise described as \"negro\" or \"slave.\" They are identified as Ellen, Hester, Hannah, and five children named Henry, Isaiah, Margaret, John, and George.","A folder of papers documenting Richard Stephens' medical exemption from military service during the Civil War is also included. The papers include surgeons' and doctors' description of Stephens' maladies, certifying that he is incapable of military duty. Additional documents mention his substitute, Benjamin Barr. Stephens' amnesty oath, dated June 20, 1865, is also included and is foldered chronologically with his papers.","A sizable portion of this series documents Richard Stephens acting in the capacity of estate administrator, particularly for Reuben Holt Humbert, and guardian to his younger siblings, Phebe Francis \"Fannie\" Stephens and William L. Stephens. These documents are primarily receipts with additional materials documenting the estates of the aforementioned persons, particularly Reuben Humbert. Humbert's personal property inventories are included as is a Confederate States of America registered bond.","The wills of Richard Stephens and his daughter Sallie Stephens are included. Sallie's will is notable in that she directs her executor to move \"all of my dead relatives that are buried in the family lot [Dovel-Stephens Family Cemetery]\" to her \"lot in Woodbine Cemetery, and there placed along with sister Laura and I, at the expense of my estate.\" Sallie died in 1938 and all of her deceased family members were removed to Woodbine Cemetery in 1940.","Materials related to Myrtie Stephens Yount's career as a teacher include two teaching contracts, printed examinations, and handwritten school material. Though many of these are not identified, it is presumed that they were used by Myrtie in her teaching.","Three military furloughs dated 1862 and 1863 and signed by Lieutenant Colonel Joseph Rodman Drake DeKay (1836-1886) are also included, but have no apparent connection to the Stephens family.","Oversize materials include an 1813 land indenture between Valentine and Nancy Wolf and Jacob Wolf. Valentine Wolf was Lewis Stephens' father-in-law. Lewis Stephens was Richard Stephens' grandfather and is also mentioned in several documents pertaining to Stephens' father, John Stephens. Also housed in oversize is a January 8, 1891 broadside advertising the public sale of Richard Stephens' personal property. The broadside describes 26 head of stock cattle, 100 tons of prime timothy hay, 300 bushels of wheat, and various farm implements.","Series 2: Correspondence, 1857-1931, 1991, contains letters to and from several members of the Stephens and Yount families. Corresponding envelopes are included as are envelopes with no corresponding letter.","A significant portion of the collection comprises the correspondence of Myrtie Stephens Yount, daughter of Richard and Mary E. Stephens. The correspondence is largely comprised of letters addressed to Myrtie with many of the letters from her future husband and cousin Joseph Byron Yount. Generally, the subject matter of the correspondence is newsy, providing updates on family and community members. While most of the correspondence between the couple dates prior to their marriage, a few letters date to after their September 1891 marriage. Of interest is a hastily written letter dated July 10, 1899 from Myrtie to Yount in which she delivers the news that her sister Josie has passed away. In the letter, Myrtie requests her husband bring her mourning clothes to her as soon as is possible. Another notable letter is dated June 14, 1899 to Myrtie Yount in which the correspondent recounts going to Harrisonburg for the unveiling of the Turner Ashby monument. Much of Myrtie's correspondence also discusses her and her colleague's teaching careers. One particular letter dated November 6, 1890 is written to Myrtie by a fellow teacher. He writes about his experiences teaching children in Brocks Gap.","A limited selection of correspondence addressed to or written by Richard Stephens, Mary E. Stephens, Josie Stephens, Sallie Stephens, and Laura Stephens is also included. Of note is a letter from Henry T. Garnett, Chief Collector of the Confederate States War Tax for Virginia, to Richard Stephens, dated November 6, 1861, appointing Stephens Collector of the Confederate States War Tax for the 3rd District of Rockingham County. A handwritten note by Garnett on the back of the letter reads: \"The owners of slaves are to give me the value and pay the tax upon all their negroes, whether said negroes are hired out or in their service.\" Stephens' November 1887 letter and certificate of reappointment as director of the Valley Turnpike Company is also included.","Series 3: Ephemera, 1916-1957, includes newspaper clippings, photographs, postcards, and a few miscellaneous items including a half stick of chewing gum dating to 1916. Noteworthy items include a folder of seven vinegar valentines featuring color illustrations and corresponding poems. These lithographs likely date to the late nineteenth or early twentieth century and feature racist sentiments or are otherwise insulting in tone. Two of the lithographs evoke Jim Crow era values and depict African Americans with stereotypical physical characteristics.","Series 4: Genealogical Materials, 1812, were presumably collected by Joseph Byron Yount III, the last private owner of the Stephens and Yount Family Papers, as part of his genealogical research into his family. The subject files include undated photographs and facsimiles of primary source material relating to the Yount family in Pennsylvania. Of interest is a handwritten genealogical note relating to Ludwig/Lewis Stephens, the grandfather of Richard Stephens.","Series 5: 2018 Accessions, 1867-1995, comprises materials acquired in two separate accessions in 2018. Personal papers, research and genealogical materials, and photographs relate directly to immediate and extended Yount family members, specifically the children of Myrtie Stephens Yount and J.B. Yount.","Spotswood Hall, Turner Ashby Monument, New Hope Garage, Goshen, New Hope High School, South River, Matthew Fontaine Maury Memorial at Goshen Pass, Marine's Camp at Ft. Defiance, Harriston, Washington Monument, Lincoln Memorial, U.S. Capitol, assorted Washington DC sights and buildings, Hightown, Monterey, Towers School, pet fawn, Natural Chimneys/Cyclopean Towers and jousting tournament, Langley Field, Naval Base, Jamestown, Yorktown, Richmond, Virginia Beach, Mt. Solon Dam, Stonewall Cottage (Melrose), North River Dam, Blacksburg, Castle Hill, University of Virginia, Kanawha River, Chicago World's Fair, Handley High School, Apple Blossom Festival, Skyline Drive, etc.","(Accession 2018-0315)","Inscribed: \"Presented to C.E. Koiner by J. Yount. May 1867\"","Includes a young J.B. Yount III while a cadet at Fishburne Military School."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe May 16, 1844 issue of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Sentinel of the Shenandoah Valley\u003c/emph\u003e and a copy of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eA Choice Selection of Hymns: From Various Authors, Recommended for the Worship of God…\u003c/emph\u003e have been removed from the collection and cataloged as part of Special Collections rare book collection. The right edge of the newspaper has been trimmed and, as a result, the issue is incomplete.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Material"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The May 16, 1844 issue of  The Sentinel of the Shenandoah Valley  and a copy of  A Choice Selection of Hymns: From Various Authors, Recommended for the Worship of God…  have been removed from the collection and cataloged as part of Special Collections rare book collection. The right edge of the newspaper has been trimmed and, as a result, the issue is incomplete."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ba57889d7ff83f0fcf341190658eb73b\"\u003eThe Stephens and Yount Family Papers, 1812-1995, primarily document the Richard Stephens family of Rockingham County, Virginia and his descendants. Materials include correspondence, receipts, financial documents, indentures, deeds, photographs, and ephemera.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Stephens and Yount Family Papers, 1812-1995, primarily document the Richard Stephens family of Rockingham County, Virginia and his descendants. Materials include correspondence, receipts, financial documents, indentures, deeds, photographs, and ephemera."],"names_coll_ssim":["eBay (Firm)","Tim Abbott Americana","Rolling Hills Antique Mall"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","eBay (Firm)","Tim Abbott Americana","Rolling Hills Antique Mall","Stephens family","Yount family","Stephens, Richard A., 1831-1890"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","eBay (Firm)","Tim Abbott Americana","Rolling Hills Antique Mall"],"famname_ssim":["Stephens family","Yount family"],"persname_ssim":["Stephens, Richard A., 1831-1890"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":87,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:19:11.086Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_423"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_725_c05","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Stony Man account book","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_725_c05#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_725_c05","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_725_c05"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_725_c05","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_725","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_725","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_725","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_725","parent_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_725"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_725"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Page County ledgers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Page County ledgers"],"text":["Page County ledgers","Stony Man account book","box 2"],"title_filing_ssi":"Stony Man account book","title_ssm":["Stony Man account book"],"title_tesim":["Stony Man account book"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1867-1872"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1867/1872"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Stony Man account book"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Page County ledgers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":5,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"date_range_isim":[1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872],"containers_ssim":["box 2"],"_nest_path_":"/components#4","timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:22:06.237Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_725","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_725","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_725","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_725","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_725.xml","title_ssm":["Page County ledgers"],"title_tesim":["Page County ledgers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1831-1881"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1831-1881"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0353","/repositories/4/resources/725"],"text":["SC 0353","/repositories/4/resources/725","Page County ledgers","Page County (Va.) -- History","Page County (Va.) -- Economic conditions","Industries -- Virginia -- Page County","Ledgers (account books)","Daybooks","Account books","Copybooks (instructional materials)","Account books -- Virginia -- Page County","Business records -- Virginia -- Page County","General stores -- Virginia -- Page County","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The proprietors identified in the collection include Emanual Grove (1812-1890), his son John William Grove (1844-1924), Emanuel's brother Joseph Grove (1805-1885), John Brumback, and John R. O'Neale (1812-1890) \u0026 Co. It's likely that Brumback was related to the Groves given that Emanuel Grove married Frances Brumback (1814-1880) and John W. Grove's second wife was Laura Ann Brumback (1851-1926).","John W. Grove and his brother Charles purchased the building at 27 E. Main Street in Luray and operated a general merchandise store in that location.","Grove and Brother Clothing Store Ledgers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.","Grove Family Papers, 1884-1932, SC 0292, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.","Bound accounts chiefly documenting business and financial transactions in Page County, Virginia. Several ledgers have Grove family members as proprietors and other unidentified ledgers are assumed to be connected to the Grove family.","With the exception of the Sanskrit copybook, the ledgers, account books, and daybooks all document business and financial transactions for goods and services involving Page County residents. Frequent surnames include Campbell, Mauck, Grove, Foltz, Koontz, Kite, Long, Phillips, Printz, Sours, Ruffner, Varner, Yager, and many others.","The Grammatik der Sanscrita Sprache copybook has a previous owner's signature, H[enry].W. Martens, on the handwritten title page as well as page 84 that's accompanied by \"University of Virginia, November 11th 1843.\" The connection between Martens, his copybook, and the rest of the Page County ledgers is unclear.","(Marksville, Page County)","Inscribed with owner's name H.W. Martens.","A 1784 edition of  Herodian's Lebensbeschreibung der römischen Kaiser... , which also included H.W. Martens signature,  as well as a September 18, 1830 issue of  Niles' Weekly Register  were separated from the collection and cataloged separately.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Bound accounts chiefly documenting business and financial transactions in Page County, Virginia. Several ledgers have Grove family members as proprietors and other unidentified ledgers are assumed to be connected to the Grove family.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Grove family","Davison, Elizabeth A., 1956-","Waters, Cletus Gaylon","English \n,        Sanskrit \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0353","/repositories/4/resources/725"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Page County ledgers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Page County ledgers"],"collection_ssim":["Page County ledgers"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Page County (Va.) -- History","Page County (Va.) -- Economic conditions"],"geogname_ssim":["Page County (Va.) -- History","Page County (Va.) -- Economic conditions"],"creator_ssm":["Davison, Elizabeth A., 1956-","Waters, Cletus Gaylon","Grove family"],"creator_ssim":["Davison, Elizabeth A., 1956-","Waters, Cletus Gaylon","Grove family"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Davison, Elizabeth A., 1956-","Waters, Cletus Gaylon"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Grove family"],"creators_ssim":["Davison, Elizabeth A., 1956-","Waters, Cletus Gaylon","Grove family"],"places_ssim":["Page County (Va.) -- History","Page County (Va.) -- Economic conditions"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The ledgers were donated by Cletus Gaylon Waters in July 2023. Physical custody was transferred by Betsy Davison who had been using the materials for her own research."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Industries -- Virginia -- Page County","Ledgers (account books)","Daybooks","Account books","Copybooks (instructional materials)","Account books -- Virginia -- Page County","Business records -- Virginia -- Page County","General stores -- Virginia -- Page County"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Industries -- Virginia -- Page County","Ledgers (account books)","Daybooks","Account books","Copybooks (instructional materials)","Account books -- Virginia -- Page County","Business records -- Virginia -- Page County","General stores -- Virginia -- Page County"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.08 cubic feet 5 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.08 cubic feet 5 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)","Daybooks","Account books","Copybooks (instructional materials)","Account books -- Virginia -- Page County","Business records -- Virginia -- Page County","General stores -- Virginia -- Page County"],"date_range_isim":[1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe proprietors identified in the collection include Emanual Grove (1812-1890), his son John William Grove (1844-1924), Emanuel's brother Joseph Grove (1805-1885), John Brumback, and John R. O'Neale (1812-1890) \u0026amp; Co. It's likely that Brumback was related to the Groves given that Emanuel Grove married Frances Brumback (1814-1880) and John W. Grove's second wife was Laura Ann Brumback (1851-1926).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohn W. Grove and his brother Charles purchased the building at 27 E. Main Street in Luray and operated a general merchandise store in that location.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The proprietors identified in the collection include Emanual Grove (1812-1890), his son John William Grove (1844-1924), Emanuel's brother Joseph Grove (1805-1885), John Brumback, and John R. O'Neale (1812-1890) \u0026 Co. It's likely that Brumback was related to the Groves given that Emanuel Grove married Frances Brumback (1814-1880) and John W. Grove's second wife was Laura Ann Brumback (1851-1926).","John W. Grove and his brother Charles purchased the building at 27 E. Main Street in Luray and operated a general merchandise store in that location."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Page County Ledgers, 1831-1881, SC 0353, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Page County Ledgers, 1831-1881, SC 0353, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGrove and Brother Clothing Store Ledgers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGrove Family Papers, 1884-1932, SC 0292, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Grove and Brother Clothing Store Ledgers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.","Grove Family Papers, 1884-1932, SC 0292, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBound accounts chiefly documenting business and financial transactions in Page County, Virginia. Several ledgers have Grove family members as proprietors and other unidentified ledgers are assumed to be connected to the Grove family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWith the exception of the Sanskrit copybook, the ledgers, account books, and daybooks all document business and financial transactions for goods and services involving Page County residents. Frequent surnames include Campbell, Mauck, Grove, Foltz, Koontz, Kite, Long, Phillips, Printz, Sours, Ruffner, Varner, Yager, and many others.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Grammatik der Sanscrita Sprache copybook has a previous owner's signature, H[enry].W. Martens, on the handwritten title page as well as page 84 that's accompanied by \"University of Virginia, November 11th 1843.\" The connection between Martens, his copybook, and the rest of the Page County ledgers is unclear.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Marksville, Page County)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInscribed with owner's name H.W. Martens.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Bound accounts chiefly documenting business and financial transactions in Page County, Virginia. Several ledgers have Grove family members as proprietors and other unidentified ledgers are assumed to be connected to the Grove family.","With the exception of the Sanskrit copybook, the ledgers, account books, and daybooks all document business and financial transactions for goods and services involving Page County residents. Frequent surnames include Campbell, Mauck, Grove, Foltz, Koontz, Kite, Long, Phillips, Printz, Sours, Ruffner, Varner, Yager, and many others.","The Grammatik der Sanscrita Sprache copybook has a previous owner's signature, H[enry].W. Martens, on the handwritten title page as well as page 84 that's accompanied by \"University of Virginia, November 11th 1843.\" The connection between Martens, his copybook, and the rest of the Page County ledgers is unclear.","(Marksville, Page County)","Inscribed with owner's name H.W. Martens."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA 1784 edition of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHerodian's Lebensbeschreibung der römischen Kaiser...\u003c/emph\u003e, which also included H.W. Martens signature,  as well as a September 18, 1830 issue of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eNiles' Weekly Register\u003c/emph\u003e were separated from the collection and cataloged separately.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["A 1784 edition of  Herodian's Lebensbeschreibung der römischen Kaiser... , which also included H.W. Martens signature,  as well as a September 18, 1830 issue of  Niles' Weekly Register  were separated from the collection and cataloged separately."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_3ff819af50fbdbbbcdae905f7fc297b1\"\u003eBound accounts chiefly documenting business and financial transactions in Page County, Virginia. Several ledgers have Grove family members as proprietors and other unidentified ledgers are assumed to be connected to the Grove family.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Bound accounts chiefly documenting business and financial transactions in Page County, Virginia. Several ledgers have Grove family members as proprietors and other unidentified ledgers are assumed to be connected to the Grove family."],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Grove family","Davison, Elizabeth A., 1956-","Waters, Cletus Gaylon"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections"],"names_coll_ssim":["Grove family","Davison, Elizabeth A., 1956-","Waters, Cletus Gaylon"],"famname_ssim":["Grove family"],"persname_ssim":["Davison, Elizabeth A., 1956-","Waters, Cletus Gaylon"],"language_ssim":["English \n,        Sanskrit \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":13,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:22:06.237Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_725_c05"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_407_c03_c103","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"\"Story of Appomattox\" Newspaper Clipping","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_407_c03_c103#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_407_c03_c103","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_407_c03_c103"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_407_c03_c103","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_407","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_407","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_407_c03","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_407_c03","parent_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_407","vihart_repositories_4_resources_407_c03"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_407","vihart_repositories_4_resources_407_c03"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Blackley Family papers","Ephemera"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Blackley Family papers","Ephemera"],"text":["Blackley Family papers","Ephemera","\"Story of Appomattox\" Newspaper Clipping","box 20","folder 7"],"title_filing_ssi":"\"Story of Appomattox\" Newspaper Clipping ","title_ssm":["\"Story of Appomattox\" Newspaper Clipping"],"title_tesim":["\"Story of Appomattox\" Newspaper Clipping"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1856/2004"],"normalized_title_ssm":["\"Story of Appomattox\" Newspaper Clipping"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Blackley Family papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":423,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Please contact the Special Collections Reference Desk before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"date_range_isim":[1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004],"containers_ssim":["box 20","folder 7"],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#102","timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:22:06.237Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_407","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_407","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_407","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_407","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_407.xml","title_ssm":["Blackley Family papers"],"title_tesim":["Blackley Family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1830-2020"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1830-2020"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0232","/repositories/4/resources/407"],"text":["SC 0232","/repositories/4/resources/407","Blackley Family papers","Staunton (Va.)  -- History -- 19th century","Staunton (Va.)  -- History -- 20th century","Staunton (Va.)  -- History -- 21st century","Virginia -- Genealogy","Texas -- Genealogy","Texas -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Campaigns","Augusta County (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 19th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 20th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 21st century","Augusta County (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- History -- 21st century","Military training camps -- United States","World War, 1939-1945","Radio stations -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Radio stations -- Virginia -- Staunton","Photography","Travel -- 20th century","Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Diaries","Scrapbooks","Printed Ephemera","Drafts (documents)","Pamphlets","Brochures","Scripts (documents)","Newspaper clippings","Maps (documents)","Color patches (military patches)","Certificates","Diplomas","Postcards","Family papers","Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Collection is open for research with the exception of one file contained within the correspondence series that is restricted until January 1, 2035 at the request of the donor.","Access to original media, photographic negatives, and slides contained within this collection is restricted; reformatted access copies of these materials may exist, or researchers may request digital access copies be made.","Please contact the Special Collections Reference Desk before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection (library-special@jmu.edu).","File is restricted from research use until January 1, 2035 at the request of the donor.","Access to original photographic negatives contained within this collection is restricted; reformatted access copies of these materials may exist, or researchers may contact library-special@jmu.edu to request reformatted access copies.","Digital images of nineteenth-century correspondence and papers are available upon request.","Duplicates and out of scope materials were returned to the donor.","Duplicates and out of scope materials were returned to the donor.","The collection is arranged in seven series:","Correspondence, 1830-2011 Personal Papers, 1857-2016 Ephemera, 1856-2004 Photographs, circa 1861-1989 Scrapbooks, 1862-1931 2020-0121 Accession, 1930s-2019 2020-0702 Accession, 1882-2020","Murr, Erika, L., ed.,  A Rebel Wife in Texas: The Diary and Letters of Elizabeth Scott Neblett, 1852-1864 . Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2001.","The Blackley Family Papers document the related Scott, Bassett, Blackley, Hoge, and Nix families of mostly Texas and Staunton, Virginia between 1830 and 2016. James Scott (1799-1856) was a Tennessee native and former Mississippi Supreme Court chief justice who married Sarah Lane (1803-1880) and settled in Anderson, Texas. James was a prominent Texas judge who was friends with Davie Crockett. While in Mississippi and Texas, James and Sarah had six children. The eldest, Elizabeth \"Lizzie\" (1833-1917), was born in Mississippi in 1833, Sarah \"Sallie\" (1843-1914), born April 9, 1843 in Texas, and one of their brothers, Garrett (1838-1862), born in 1838, contribute the most to this collection of letters.","Lizzie married William H. Neblett (1826-1871), a farmer and attorney, in 1852. He eventually left her to go fight for the Confederacy. Her domestic struggle on the home front during the Civil War is the subject of Erika L. Murr's book, A Rebel Wife in Texas: The Diary and Letters of Elizabeth Scott Neblett, 1852-1864 (2001).","In 1862, Sallie married Robert Houston \"R.H.\" Bassett (1836-1870). R.H. went on to enlist and serve in the famed Hood's Texas Brigade from 1861 to his wounding in 1864. He worked briefly as the adjutant general to Major General John Bell. While leading the regiment, he was wounded at the Battle of Chickamauga by an artillery shell fragment that lodged in his shoulder. This would effectively end his role in the war. Following the conclusion of the conflict and his recovery from the wound, R.H. tried his hand at politics in a bid to represent Grimes County, Texas in Congress. Their first child, Robert, died tragically in 1864 at only eight months old. R.H. died in 1870 because of health complications that appear related to edema.","R.H.'s brother, Noah (1839-1886), also served in the Texas Brigade. The correspondence between R.H., Sallie, and Noah provides a lucid account of the Army of Northern Virginia's major campaigns and operations, including developments related to the Battles of Antietam, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, and Chickamauga.","Garrett Scott, Sallie Scott's brother, died in action at the Battle of Antietam September 17, 1862 while serving in the Texas Brigade. His letters from the early years of the war offer yet another perspective of campaign and camp life.","R.H. and Sallie's daughter, Barbara \"Belle\" Bassett (1865-1958), married William Mason Blackley (1863-1898) in 1884 and lived in Staunton, Virginia before moving to Washington, D.C. Research suggests they only had one child, Belle Blackley (1890-1967), whom never married and lived out her life in Washington, D.C. However, an 1888 letter contained in this collection written by Ida Carter, the Blackley's \"Black Mamy,\" is addressed to a Col. Bassett Blackley, in care of W. M. Blackley. Carter begins the letter \"Dear Little Bassett.\" This letter seems to suggest that the Blackleys did in fact have another child, Bassett Blackley, prior to Belle. If that is the case, Bassett Blackley may have died in childhood.","The bulk of the twentieth-century material was created by or concerns William Mason Blackley's nephew, Charles \"Chas\" Phillips Blackley Sr. (1909-1999), his wife Catherine Matthews Blackley (1914-2010), and their son and daughter-in-law Charles \"Chuck\" Phillips Blackley (b. 1951) and Patricia Fry Blackley (b. 1952).","Charles \"Chas\" Phillips Blackley Sr. was born in Staunton, Virginia in 1909. His parents died from the Spanish Flu when he was 10. Their deaths required Chas and his sister Mary Gilkeson Blackley to move in with their aunt, Fannie Blackley Cushing in Staunton. These materials cover his travels throughout the Pacific and Asia aboard a \"tramp steamer\" with boyhood friend, George Earman in 1930, his 1927-1929 military training in the little discussed Citizens Military Training Camps (CMTC), time at the Virginia Military Institute (VMI), his 1934 travels in Europe, World War II military service, and ownership and operation of WSVA, the first radio station in Harrisonburg, Virginia. Chas sold his share in WSVA and moved to Staunton, Virginia where he started the WTON radio station. Beyond his official jobs, Chas spent much of the early 1930s as an amateur playwright and author. Chas and Catherine Matthews were married in 1938.","While traveling Europe via train in 1934, Chas met David Kahn, a young Presbyterian judge of Indian descent. They would become lifelong friends. Mr. Kahn went on to become a governor of an Indian province under British rule and later head the Department of Sanitation for Calcutta. He and his wife visited their children, who had moved to the United States, and Mr. and Mrs. Blackley often until his health would not allow it. Evidence of their lifelong friendship can be found most clearly in this collection's correspondence and photographs.","Chas' WWII experience saw him drafted at age 35 and shipped to Camp Crowder, Missouri for training. He would eventually be transferred to Washington, D.C. where he worked as a private in the basement of the Pentagon. According this son, his superiors frequently called him upstairs to request autographed photos of American Broadcasting Company (ABC) celebrities. He was able to oblige them because of WSVA's status as an ABC affiliate.","Catherine Matthews Blackley was originally from Cambridge, Maryland and came to the Shenandoah Valley to attend the State Teacher's College at Harrisonburg (now James Madison University). She graduated in 1935 with a degree in home economics. For a short time she taught in Norfolk, Virginia before marrying Chas Blackley in 1938 and buying a home on Port Republic Road in Harrisonburg. After Chas was drafted and shipped to Camp Crowder, Mrs. Blackley traveled to Neosho, Missouri to be with her husband. While in Missouri, she volunteered with the Red Cross to help care for wounded soldiers. She continued this service after Mr. Blackley was transferred to Washington, D.C. After the war, they returned to the Valley and Catherine became a member of the Staunton School Board and was very active in volunteer work.","Charles \"Chuck\" Phillips Blackley Jr. was a professional engineer and graduate of Virginia Tech. He provided services in Virginia, West Virginia, and Maryland. Chuck married Patricia Fry in 1971. At the time he sold his office it was the largest engineering company in the region outside of Richmond, Roanoke, and Northern Virginia.","Patricia Fry Blackley graduated from James Madison University in 1987 and became a licensed real estate appraiser. After Chuck stepped away from his engineering office he teamed up with his wife and the couple became full-time photographers and writers. Their work can be found in hundreds of magazines, books, and calendars.","The collection as a whole required only limited preservation treatment. Some of the correspondence and papers did require Mylar sleeves. The 3D objects are housed together in one box with special housings created to protect them long-term. Most of the nineteenth-century letters required flattening to make them more accessible and to allow for proper digitization as per the donor agreement. Also, many of the diplomas and older photographs were removed from their frames for proper storage. Original order of materials was maintained wherever possible, taking into account provenance, storage needs, and accessibility for researchers.","Photographs and cabinet cards were removed from a leather photo album with \"Fannie S. Blackley Session 1881-'82\" embossed on the front cover. Some of the cabinet cards were identified with a Post-It note. Those identifications were written in pencil on the back of the cabinet cards. The photo album was not retained due to significant condition issues.","Charles C. Phillips Civil War Papers. MS 0327. Virginia Military Institute Archives.","Murr, Erika, L., ed.,  A Rebel Wife in Texas: The Diary and Letters of Elizabeth Scott Neblett, 1852-1864 . Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2001.","Lizzie Scott Neblett Papers, 1848-1935, Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, The University of Texas at Austin.","Yourself and family are invited to attend the feast of Mondamin corn festival . n.p.: Staunton, Va.: J. Harry Drechsler, pr., [1890], 1890. JAMES MADISON UNIV's Catalog, EBSCOhost (accessed May 2, 2017).","The Blackley Family Papers, 1830-2020, consists of hundreds of letters that span from 1830 to 2011; diaries; official United States, Confederate, and Texas documents; literary works; newspaper clippings; postcards; ephemera; and photographs. These papers document the related Scott, Bassett, Blackley, Hoge, Matthews, and Nix families of Texas and Staunton, Virginia.","Series 1: Correspondence, 1830-2011, is comprised of more than 300 individual letters. The majority of the earlier ones involve Sarah \"Sallie\" Scott Bassett and/or her husband R.H. Bassett. Together their combined correspondence comprises eight folders and spans the years 1850-1913.","These letters cover the years of the American Civil War and shed light on how the conflict affected their lives. In addition to letters from Captain R.H. Bassett, there are dozens of notes written home to Sallie from her brother Garrett Scott, brother-in-law Noah Bassett, and her cousin John Nix. All of these men spent time serving in the 4th Texas Regiment of the famed Texas Brigade. While their letters contain minimal military focused discussions, they do highlight camp life, personal struggles of being separated from each other, personal and public incidents, and family news. The military discussion is really limited to mention of the dead and wounded from battles and engagements. However, R.H. does write a letter to Sallie as he arrives on the battlefield at Gettysburg. He expresses excitement to build off the Confederates successes that afternoon. Battles and engagements discussed include Antietam (September 17, 1862), Chancellorsville (April 30 to May 6, 1863), Gettysburg (July 1-3, 1863), and Chickamauga (September 18–20, 1863).","Lizzie Scott Neblett was the older sister of Sallie Bassett and many letters between the sisters not previously examined, both before and after the American Civil War, can be found within this collection. Their letters shed light on relationship struggles, farm life, local news, and family connections.","While few in number, the surviving letters of Lizzie and Sallie's father, James Scott, provide significant insight into Texas prior to its in 1846. In the first, James writes his wife, Sarah, from the convention in Austin, Texas, where the debates about joining the United States were taking place. He offers few specifics as \"Nothing in which you would take any interest has occurred here and therefore I will not say anything about the proceedings…\" In second of these letters, James is writing to a Colonel B. Rush Wallace and gets far more political in discussion and tone. He talks at length about concern over the merits of becoming Whig or Democrat once they are thrust into the existing political climate of their new nation.","Of particular interest is an 1888 letter written by Ida Carter, presumably William M. and Belle Bassett Blackley's \"Black Mamy,\" is addressed to a Col. Bassett Blackley, in care of W. M. Blackley. Carter begins the letter \"Dear Little Bassett.\" This letter seems to suggest that the Blackleys did in fact have another child, Bassett Blackley, prior to Belle. If that is the case, Bassett Blackley may have died in childhood.","Of the twentieth-century correspondence, most of it was sent or received by Chas Blackley. While his letters span most of the century, the bulk are centered between the years 1930-1944. The letters that Chas Blackley wrote while visiting Europe in 1934 are of particular interest due to the changing political climate with the rise of the Nazis in Germany. Through his correspondence, diaries, and photographs there is an opportunity to see an American view of this transformative time. In one letter to his sister, Mary, dated August 21, Chas Blackley writes of the hanging of Nazis in Vienna, Austria for a failed coup that took place mere weeks before his arrival and that it \"has retarded history making considerably.\" He also spoke of the  Heimwehr , the home guard, patrolling the streets with their rifles and \"keeping a sharp to windward.\"","Series 2: Personal Papers, 1857-2015, is comprised of personal papers, diaries, and other documents that highlight the careers and interests of the family members. R.H. Bassett's papers include Confederate government and military documents pertaining to promotions, recruitment, and resignation.","Another unique piece of this collection from the early period is the Belle Bassett Diary, 1873-1879, which offers a glimpse of the post-war years for a child growing up in the South.","Chas Blackley, in addition to his letters from the trip to Europe, also kept a diary of his experiences. This diary covers the personal and public incidents of his travels.","More information about individual members of family is available here in the form of detailed histories of specific family lines (Blackley, Bassett, Hoge, etc.), through family trees, and biographical information.","Other items of note from Chas Blackley are the many manuscripts of novels and plays that he wrote in the early-to-mid 1930s.","Series 3: Ephemera, 1856-2004, houses many unique items such as hundreds of stamps (U.S., Confederate, and international), brochures, certificates, awards, diplomas, and pamphlets from events such as the 1932 Los Angeles Olympics and the 1933 World's Fair in Chicago, and dance cards. The aforementioned diplomas and certificates document the Blackley family's achievements and graduations from various schools and universities, including the University of Virginia, the State Teacher's College at Harrisonburg, and Virginia Tech. Many of the manuals and booklets used in Chas' various military training can be found in this series.","There are also newspaper clippings that share stories directly related to family members or address significant events of the time. These include awards won by the family, news about new jobs or graduations, historic events like D-Day, and John F. Kennedy's assassination.","One of the more locally relevant pieces is a pamphlet entitled \"Dedication of the Shenandoah National Park\" (1936). It lists the planned dedication speech from President Franklin D. Roosevelt given at Big Meadows as the key event.","This series also includes one oversize box of 3D ephemeral objects. Objects of interest include a Kodak No. 2 Folding Autographic Brownie camera (1917-1926) owned by Chas Blackley and inscribed with the names of Blackley and the SS  Gertrude Kellogg , Dr. Charles Coatesworth Phillips' small leather medicine case with glass bottles that he took on house calls, several pairs of glasses, a glass plate photograph of Susie E. Phillips, and assorted World's Fair ephemera.","Stored separately are multiple flags that are likely from Chas' 1930 voyage in the Pacific. There is a large and small Japanese flag, a small Chinese [pre-communist revolution] flag, and a small Philippine national flag. An additional flag dates to WWI and features the United States flag surrounded by smaller flags of all our allies from that conflict.","Series 4, Photographs, circa 1861-1989, includes photographic prints, negatives, and slides that document the Scott, Bassett, Blackley, Hoge, Matthews, and Nix families of Texas and Staunton, Virginia. Files are arranged chronologically and undated groupings of images are listed alphabetically at the end of the series. Files are labeled to reflect the subject of the photos; original arrangement and description of people and places as received from the donor was maintained whenever possible. Some photographs contain identifying text written on the back of the image, though many photos are unidentified. ","Photographs within this series document Chas Blackley's trips to Asia and the Pacific in 1930 as well as his journey through Europe in 1934. Other photographs document the Civilian Military Training Camp (CMTC) experience at Ft. Eustis, Virginia, from 1928.","Photographs created by or picturing Catherine Matthews Blackley contain images of campus and student life at the State Teacher's College at Harrisonburg (now JMU) dating from the early 1930s.","Series 5: Scrapbooks, 1862-1931, is comprised of one scrapbook created by R.H. Bassett, and three scrapbooks created by Chas Blackley. The scrapbook created by R.H. Bassett dates from 1862-1869 and contains mostly newspaper clippings related to Bassett's work in local and state politics in Grimes County, Texas, after a wound at the Battle of Chickamauga in 1864 ended his role in the American Civil War. \nThe three remaining scrapbooks were created by Chas Blackley, and document aspects of his life in the years between 1928-1931. The CTMC and VMI scrapbook documents Chas Blackley's military training at the Citizen's Military Training Camp (CTMC) from 1927-1929 as well as his time enrolled at the Virginia Military Institute (VMI). Two scrapbooks document Chas Blackley's 1930 travels with childhood friend  George Earman throughout the Pacific and multiple Asian nations aboard the steamer SS  Gertrude Kellogg .","The series largely documents Chas Blackley's involvement with radio stations WSVA and WTON and comprises photographs, correspondence, and printed ephemera. A file concerning Susan Blackley, Chas Blackley's daughter, is included and relate to her work as the horticulturalist for the city of Staunton. Photographs document Susan's time as a bartender at H.A. Winston's in Wilmington, Delaware.","Includes newspaper clippings covering Susan's work as a horticulturist for Staunton as well as photographs of Susan as a bartender at H.A. Winston's in Wilmington, Delaware.","Includes negatives.","Includes negatives.","Comprises papers and photographs related to the immediate and extended Blackley family. Materials also concern the Fry and Matthews families.","Materials related to Eugene Fry, father of Patricia Fry Blackley.","All published monographs have been cataloged individually and placed in Special Collections' rare book collection. Catherine Matthews Blackley's  Schooma'am  yearbooks were removed and housed with the yearbook collection. They are retained due to heavy annotations.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Blackley Family Papers, 1830-2020, consists of hundreds of letters that span from 1830 to 2011; diaries; official United States, Confederate, and Texas documents; literary works; newspaper clippings; postcards; ephemera; and photographs. These papers document the related Scott, Bassett, Blackley, Hoge, Matthews, and Nix families of Texas and Staunton, Virginia.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","United States. War Department. Citizens' Military Training Camps","Virginia Military Institute -- Students","Confederate States of America. Army. Texas Brigade","Virginia Polytechnic Institute -- Students","WTON (Radio station : Staunton, Va.)","WSVA (Radio station : Harrisonburg, Va.)","Blackley family","Blackley, Chuck","Blackley, Charles Phillips, Sr., 1909-1999","Blackley, Pat","Harvey, Paul, 1918-2009","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0232","/repositories/4/resources/407"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Blackley Family papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Blackley Family papers"],"collection_ssim":["Blackley Family papers"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Staunton (Va.)  -- History -- 19th century","Staunton (Va.)  -- History -- 20th century","Staunton (Va.)  -- History -- 21st century","Virginia -- Genealogy","Texas -- Genealogy","Texas -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Campaigns","Augusta County (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 19th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 20th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 21st century","Augusta County (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- History -- 21st century"],"geogname_ssim":["Staunton (Va.)  -- History -- 19th century","Staunton (Va.)  -- History -- 20th century","Staunton (Va.)  -- History -- 21st century","Virginia -- Genealogy","Texas -- Genealogy","Texas -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Campaigns","Augusta County (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 19th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 20th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 21st century","Augusta County (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- History -- 21st century"],"creator_ssm":["Blackley family","Blackley, Chuck","Blackley, Charles Phillips, Sr., 1909-1999"],"creator_ssim":["Blackley family","Blackley, Chuck","Blackley, Charles Phillips, Sr., 1909-1999"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Blackley, Chuck","Blackley, Charles Phillips, Sr., 1909-1999"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Blackley family"],"creators_ssim":["Blackley, Chuck","Blackley, Charles Phillips, Sr., 1909-1999","Blackley family"],"places_ssim":["Staunton (Va.)  -- History -- 19th century","Staunton (Va.)  -- History -- 20th century","Staunton (Va.)  -- History -- 21st century","Virginia -- Genealogy","Texas -- Genealogy","Texas -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Campaigns","Augusta County (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 19th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 20th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 21st century","Augusta County (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","Augusta County (Va.) -- History -- 21st century"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Charles P. Blackley Jr. of Staunton, Virginia donated this material in various accretions between 2015-2020."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Military training camps -- United States","World War, 1939-1945","Radio stations -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Radio stations -- Virginia -- Staunton","Photography","Travel -- 20th century","Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Diaries","Scrapbooks","Printed Ephemera","Drafts (documents)","Pamphlets","Brochures","Scripts (documents)","Newspaper clippings","Maps (documents)","Color patches (military patches)","Certificates","Diplomas","Postcards","Family papers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Military training camps -- United States","World War, 1939-1945","Radio stations -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Radio stations -- Virginia -- Staunton","Photography","Travel -- 20th century","Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Diaries","Scrapbooks","Printed Ephemera","Drafts (documents)","Pamphlets","Brochures","Scripts (documents)","Newspaper clippings","Maps (documents)","Color patches (military patches)","Certificates","Diplomas","Postcards","Family papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["14.37 cubic feet 30 boxes, 2 flat folders"],"extent_tesim":["14.37 cubic feet 30 boxes, 2 flat folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Diaries","Scrapbooks","Printed Ephemera","Drafts (documents)","Pamphlets","Brochures","Scripts (documents)","Newspaper clippings","Maps (documents)","Color patches (military patches)","Certificates","Diplomas","Postcards","Family papers"],"date_range_isim":[1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Collection is open for research with the exception of one file contained within the correspondence series that is restricted until January 1, 2035 at the request of the donor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to original media, photographic negatives, and slides contained within this collection is restricted; reformatted access copies of these materials may exist, or researchers may request digital access copies be made.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlease contact the Special Collections Reference Desk before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from research use until January 1, 2035 at the request of the donor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to original photographic negatives contained within this collection is restricted; reformatted access copies of these materials may exist, or researchers may contact library-special@jmu.edu to request reformatted access copies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access","","","Conditions Governing Access","Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Collection is open for research with the exception of one file contained within the correspondence series that is restricted until January 1, 2035 at the request of the donor.","Access to original media, photographic negatives, and slides contained within this collection is restricted; reformatted access copies of these materials may exist, or researchers may request digital access copies be made.","Please contact the Special Collections Reference Desk before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection (library-special@jmu.edu).","File is restricted from research use until January 1, 2035 at the request of the donor.","Access to original photographic negatives contained within this collection is restricted; reformatted access copies of these materials may exist, or researchers may contact library-special@jmu.edu to request reformatted access copies."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDigital images of nineteenth-century correspondence and papers are available upon request.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Other Formats Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Digital images of nineteenth-century correspondence and papers are available upon request."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDuplicates and out of scope materials were returned to the donor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuplicates and out of scope materials were returned to the donor.\u003c/p\u003e"],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal","Appraisal"],"appraisal_tesim":["Duplicates and out of scope materials were returned to the donor.","Duplicates and out of scope materials were returned to the donor."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in seven series:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eCorrespondence, 1830-2011\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePersonal Papers, 1857-2016\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eEphemera, 1856-2004\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePhotographs, circa 1861-1989\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eScrapbooks, 1862-1931\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e2020-0121 Accession, 1930s-2019\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e2020-0702 Accession, 1882-2020\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in seven series:","Correspondence, 1830-2011 Personal Papers, 1857-2016 Ephemera, 1856-2004 Photographs, circa 1861-1989 Scrapbooks, 1862-1931 2020-0121 Accession, 1930s-2019 2020-0702 Accession, 1882-2020"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eMurr, Erika, L., ed., \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eA Rebel Wife in Texas: The Diary and Letters of Elizabeth Scott Neblett, 1852-1864\u003c/emph\u003e. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2001.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Murr, Erika, L., ed.,  A Rebel Wife in Texas: The Diary and Letters of Elizabeth Scott Neblett, 1852-1864 . Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2001."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Blackley Family Papers document the related Scott, Bassett, Blackley, Hoge, and Nix families of mostly Texas and Staunton, Virginia between 1830 and 2016. James Scott (1799-1856) was a Tennessee native and former Mississippi Supreme Court chief justice who married Sarah Lane (1803-1880) and settled in Anderson, Texas. James was a prominent Texas judge who was friends with Davie Crockett. While in Mississippi and Texas, James and Sarah had six children. The eldest, Elizabeth \"Lizzie\" (1833-1917), was born in Mississippi in 1833, Sarah \"Sallie\" (1843-1914), born April 9, 1843 in Texas, and one of their brothers, Garrett (1838-1862), born in 1838, contribute the most to this collection of letters.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLizzie married William H. Neblett (1826-1871), a farmer and attorney, in 1852. He eventually left her to go fight for the Confederacy. Her domestic struggle on the home front during the Civil War is the subject of Erika L. Murr's book, A Rebel Wife in Texas: The Diary and Letters of Elizabeth Scott Neblett, 1852-1864 (2001).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1862, Sallie married Robert Houston \"R.H.\" Bassett (1836-1870). R.H. went on to enlist and serve in the famed Hood's Texas Brigade from 1861 to his wounding in 1864. He worked briefly as the adjutant general to Major General John Bell. While leading the regiment, he was wounded at the Battle of Chickamauga by an artillery shell fragment that lodged in his shoulder. This would effectively end his role in the war. Following the conclusion of the conflict and his recovery from the wound, R.H. tried his hand at politics in a bid to represent Grimes County, Texas in Congress. Their first child, Robert, died tragically in 1864 at only eight months old. R.H. died in 1870 because of health complications that appear related to edema.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eR.H.'s brother, Noah (1839-1886), also served in the Texas Brigade. The correspondence between R.H., Sallie, and Noah provides a lucid account of the Army of Northern Virginia's major campaigns and operations, including developments related to the Battles of Antietam, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, and Chickamauga.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGarrett Scott, Sallie Scott's brother, died in action at the Battle of Antietam September 17, 1862 while serving in the Texas Brigade. His letters from the early years of the war offer yet another perspective of campaign and camp life.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eR.H. and Sallie's daughter, Barbara \"Belle\" Bassett (1865-1958), married William Mason Blackley (1863-1898) in 1884 and lived in Staunton, Virginia before moving to Washington, D.C. Research suggests they only had one child, Belle Blackley (1890-1967), whom never married and lived out her life in Washington, D.C. However, an 1888 letter contained in this collection written by Ida Carter, the Blackley's \"Black Mamy,\" is addressed to a Col. Bassett Blackley, in care of W. M. Blackley. Carter begins the letter \"Dear Little Bassett.\" This letter seems to suggest that the Blackleys did in fact have another child, Bassett Blackley, prior to Belle. If that is the case, Bassett Blackley may have died in childhood.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the twentieth-century material was created by or concerns William Mason Blackley's nephew, Charles \"Chas\" Phillips Blackley Sr. (1909-1999), his wife Catherine Matthews Blackley (1914-2010), and their son and daughter-in-law Charles \"Chuck\" Phillips Blackley (b. 1951) and Patricia Fry Blackley (b. 1952).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCharles \"Chas\" Phillips Blackley Sr. was born in Staunton, Virginia in 1909. His parents died from the Spanish Flu when he was 10. Their deaths required Chas and his sister Mary Gilkeson Blackley to move in with their aunt, Fannie Blackley Cushing in Staunton. These materials cover his travels throughout the Pacific and Asia aboard a \"tramp steamer\" with boyhood friend, George Earman in 1930, his 1927-1929 military training in the little discussed Citizens Military Training Camps (CMTC), time at the Virginia Military Institute (VMI), his 1934 travels in Europe, World War II military service, and ownership and operation of WSVA, the first radio station in Harrisonburg, Virginia. Chas sold his share in WSVA and moved to Staunton, Virginia where he started the WTON radio station. Beyond his official jobs, Chas spent much of the early 1930s as an amateur playwright and author. Chas and Catherine Matthews were married in 1938.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile traveling Europe via train in 1934, Chas met David Kahn, a young Presbyterian judge of Indian descent. They would become lifelong friends. Mr. Kahn went on to become a governor of an Indian province under British rule and later head the Department of Sanitation for Calcutta. He and his wife visited their children, who had moved to the United States, and Mr. and Mrs. Blackley often until his health would not allow it. Evidence of their lifelong friendship can be found most clearly in this collection's correspondence and photographs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eChas' WWII experience saw him drafted at age 35 and shipped to Camp Crowder, Missouri for training. He would eventually be transferred to Washington, D.C. where he worked as a private in the basement of the Pentagon. According this son, his superiors frequently called him upstairs to request autographed photos of American Broadcasting Company (ABC) celebrities. He was able to oblige them because of WSVA's status as an ABC affiliate.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCatherine Matthews Blackley was originally from Cambridge, Maryland and came to the Shenandoah Valley to attend the State Teacher's College at Harrisonburg (now James Madison University). She graduated in 1935 with a degree in home economics. For a short time she taught in Norfolk, Virginia before marrying Chas Blackley in 1938 and buying a home on Port Republic Road in Harrisonburg. After Chas was drafted and shipped to Camp Crowder, Mrs. Blackley traveled to Neosho, Missouri to be with her husband. While in Missouri, she volunteered with the Red Cross to help care for wounded soldiers. She continued this service after Mr. Blackley was transferred to Washington, D.C. After the war, they returned to the Valley and Catherine became a member of the Staunton School Board and was very active in volunteer work.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCharles \"Chuck\" Phillips Blackley Jr. was a professional engineer and graduate of Virginia Tech. He provided services in Virginia, West Virginia, and Maryland. Chuck married Patricia Fry in 1971. At the time he sold his office it was the largest engineering company in the region outside of Richmond, Roanoke, and Northern Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePatricia Fry Blackley graduated from James Madison University in 1987 and became a licensed real estate appraiser. After Chuck stepped away from his engineering office he teamed up with his wife and the couple became full-time photographers and writers. Their work can be found in hundreds of magazines, books, and calendars.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Blackley Family Papers document the related Scott, Bassett, Blackley, Hoge, and Nix families of mostly Texas and Staunton, Virginia between 1830 and 2016. James Scott (1799-1856) was a Tennessee native and former Mississippi Supreme Court chief justice who married Sarah Lane (1803-1880) and settled in Anderson, Texas. James was a prominent Texas judge who was friends with Davie Crockett. While in Mississippi and Texas, James and Sarah had six children. The eldest, Elizabeth \"Lizzie\" (1833-1917), was born in Mississippi in 1833, Sarah \"Sallie\" (1843-1914), born April 9, 1843 in Texas, and one of their brothers, Garrett (1838-1862), born in 1838, contribute the most to this collection of letters.","Lizzie married William H. Neblett (1826-1871), a farmer and attorney, in 1852. He eventually left her to go fight for the Confederacy. Her domestic struggle on the home front during the Civil War is the subject of Erika L. Murr's book, A Rebel Wife in Texas: The Diary and Letters of Elizabeth Scott Neblett, 1852-1864 (2001).","In 1862, Sallie married Robert Houston \"R.H.\" Bassett (1836-1870). R.H. went on to enlist and serve in the famed Hood's Texas Brigade from 1861 to his wounding in 1864. He worked briefly as the adjutant general to Major General John Bell. While leading the regiment, he was wounded at the Battle of Chickamauga by an artillery shell fragment that lodged in his shoulder. This would effectively end his role in the war. Following the conclusion of the conflict and his recovery from the wound, R.H. tried his hand at politics in a bid to represent Grimes County, Texas in Congress. Their first child, Robert, died tragically in 1864 at only eight months old. R.H. died in 1870 because of health complications that appear related to edema.","R.H.'s brother, Noah (1839-1886), also served in the Texas Brigade. The correspondence between R.H., Sallie, and Noah provides a lucid account of the Army of Northern Virginia's major campaigns and operations, including developments related to the Battles of Antietam, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, and Chickamauga.","Garrett Scott, Sallie Scott's brother, died in action at the Battle of Antietam September 17, 1862 while serving in the Texas Brigade. His letters from the early years of the war offer yet another perspective of campaign and camp life.","R.H. and Sallie's daughter, Barbara \"Belle\" Bassett (1865-1958), married William Mason Blackley (1863-1898) in 1884 and lived in Staunton, Virginia before moving to Washington, D.C. Research suggests they only had one child, Belle Blackley (1890-1967), whom never married and lived out her life in Washington, D.C. However, an 1888 letter contained in this collection written by Ida Carter, the Blackley's \"Black Mamy,\" is addressed to a Col. Bassett Blackley, in care of W. M. Blackley. Carter begins the letter \"Dear Little Bassett.\" This letter seems to suggest that the Blackleys did in fact have another child, Bassett Blackley, prior to Belle. If that is the case, Bassett Blackley may have died in childhood.","The bulk of the twentieth-century material was created by or concerns William Mason Blackley's nephew, Charles \"Chas\" Phillips Blackley Sr. (1909-1999), his wife Catherine Matthews Blackley (1914-2010), and their son and daughter-in-law Charles \"Chuck\" Phillips Blackley (b. 1951) and Patricia Fry Blackley (b. 1952).","Charles \"Chas\" Phillips Blackley Sr. was born in Staunton, Virginia in 1909. His parents died from the Spanish Flu when he was 10. Their deaths required Chas and his sister Mary Gilkeson Blackley to move in with their aunt, Fannie Blackley Cushing in Staunton. These materials cover his travels throughout the Pacific and Asia aboard a \"tramp steamer\" with boyhood friend, George Earman in 1930, his 1927-1929 military training in the little discussed Citizens Military Training Camps (CMTC), time at the Virginia Military Institute (VMI), his 1934 travels in Europe, World War II military service, and ownership and operation of WSVA, the first radio station in Harrisonburg, Virginia. Chas sold his share in WSVA and moved to Staunton, Virginia where he started the WTON radio station. Beyond his official jobs, Chas spent much of the early 1930s as an amateur playwright and author. Chas and Catherine Matthews were married in 1938.","While traveling Europe via train in 1934, Chas met David Kahn, a young Presbyterian judge of Indian descent. They would become lifelong friends. Mr. Kahn went on to become a governor of an Indian province under British rule and later head the Department of Sanitation for Calcutta. He and his wife visited their children, who had moved to the United States, and Mr. and Mrs. Blackley often until his health would not allow it. Evidence of their lifelong friendship can be found most clearly in this collection's correspondence and photographs.","Chas' WWII experience saw him drafted at age 35 and shipped to Camp Crowder, Missouri for training. He would eventually be transferred to Washington, D.C. where he worked as a private in the basement of the Pentagon. According this son, his superiors frequently called him upstairs to request autographed photos of American Broadcasting Company (ABC) celebrities. He was able to oblige them because of WSVA's status as an ABC affiliate.","Catherine Matthews Blackley was originally from Cambridge, Maryland and came to the Shenandoah Valley to attend the State Teacher's College at Harrisonburg (now James Madison University). She graduated in 1935 with a degree in home economics. For a short time she taught in Norfolk, Virginia before marrying Chas Blackley in 1938 and buying a home on Port Republic Road in Harrisonburg. After Chas was drafted and shipped to Camp Crowder, Mrs. Blackley traveled to Neosho, Missouri to be with her husband. While in Missouri, she volunteered with the Red Cross to help care for wounded soldiers. She continued this service after Mr. Blackley was transferred to Washington, D.C. After the war, they returned to the Valley and Catherine became a member of the Staunton School Board and was very active in volunteer work.","Charles \"Chuck\" Phillips Blackley Jr. was a professional engineer and graduate of Virginia Tech. He provided services in Virginia, West Virginia, and Maryland. Chuck married Patricia Fry in 1971. At the time he sold his office it was the largest engineering company in the region outside of Richmond, Roanoke, and Northern Virginia.","Patricia Fry Blackley graduated from James Madison University in 1987 and became a licensed real estate appraiser. After Chuck stepped away from his engineering office he teamed up with his wife and the couple became full-time photographers and writers. Their work can be found in hundreds of magazines, books, and calendars."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Blackley Family Papers, 1830-2020, SC 0232, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Blackley Family Papers, 1830-2020, SC 0232, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection as a whole required only limited preservation treatment. Some of the correspondence and papers did require Mylar sleeves. The 3D objects are housed together in one box with special housings created to protect them long-term. Most of the nineteenth-century letters required flattening to make them more accessible and to allow for proper digitization as per the donor agreement. Also, many of the diplomas and older photographs were removed from their frames for proper storage. Original order of materials was maintained wherever possible, taking into account provenance, storage needs, and accessibility for researchers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs and cabinet cards were removed from a leather photo album with \"Fannie S. Blackley Session 1881-'82\" embossed on the front cover. Some of the cabinet cards were identified with a Post-It note. Those identifications were written in pencil on the back of the cabinet cards. The photo album was not retained due to significant condition issues.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information","Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection as a whole required only limited preservation treatment. Some of the correspondence and papers did require Mylar sleeves. The 3D objects are housed together in one box with special housings created to protect them long-term. Most of the nineteenth-century letters required flattening to make them more accessible and to allow for proper digitization as per the donor agreement. Also, many of the diplomas and older photographs were removed from their frames for proper storage. Original order of materials was maintained wherever possible, taking into account provenance, storage needs, and accessibility for researchers.","Photographs and cabinet cards were removed from a leather photo album with \"Fannie S. Blackley Session 1881-'82\" embossed on the front cover. Some of the cabinet cards were identified with a Post-It note. Those identifications were written in pencil on the back of the cabinet cards. The photo album was not retained due to significant condition issues."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref type=\"simple\" actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://archivesspace.vmi.edu/repositories/3/resources/780\"\u003eCharles C. Phillips Civil War Papers. MS 0327. Virginia Military Institute Archives.\u003c/extref\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMurr, Erika, L., ed., \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eA Rebel Wife in Texas: The Diary and Letters of Elizabeth Scott Neblett, 1852-1864\u003c/emph\u003e. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2001.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref type=\"simple\" actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://www.lib.utexas.edu/taro/utcah/00426/cah-00426.html\"\u003eLizzie Scott Neblett Papers, 1848-1935, Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, The University of Texas at Austin.\u003c/extref\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eYourself and family are invited to attend the feast of Mondamin corn festival\u003c/emph\u003e. n.p.: Staunton, Va.: J. Harry Drechsler, pr., [1890], 1890. JAMES MADISON UNIV's Catalog, EBSCOhost (accessed May 2, 2017).\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Charles C. Phillips Civil War Papers. MS 0327. Virginia Military Institute Archives.","Murr, Erika, L., ed.,  A Rebel Wife in Texas: The Diary and Letters of Elizabeth Scott Neblett, 1852-1864 . Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2001.","Lizzie Scott Neblett Papers, 1848-1935, Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, The University of Texas at Austin.","Yourself and family are invited to attend the feast of Mondamin corn festival . n.p.: Staunton, Va.: J. Harry Drechsler, pr., [1890], 1890. JAMES MADISON UNIV's Catalog, EBSCOhost (accessed May 2, 2017)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Blackley Family Papers, 1830-2020, consists of hundreds of letters that span from 1830 to 2011; diaries; official United States, Confederate, and Texas documents; literary works; newspaper clippings; postcards; ephemera; and photographs. These papers document the related Scott, Bassett, Blackley, Hoge, Matthews, and Nix families of Texas and Staunton, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence, 1830-2011, is comprised of more than 300 individual letters. The majority of the earlier ones involve Sarah \"Sallie\" Scott Bassett and/or her husband R.H. Bassett. Together their combined correspondence comprises eight folders and spans the years 1850-1913.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThese letters cover the years of the American Civil War and shed light on how the conflict affected their lives. In addition to letters from Captain R.H. Bassett, there are dozens of notes written home to Sallie from her brother Garrett Scott, brother-in-law Noah Bassett, and her cousin John Nix. All of these men spent time serving in the 4th Texas Regiment of the famed Texas Brigade. While their letters contain minimal military focused discussions, they do highlight camp life, personal struggles of being separated from each other, personal and public incidents, and family news. The military discussion is really limited to mention of the dead and wounded from battles and engagements. However, R.H. does write a letter to Sallie as he arrives on the battlefield at Gettysburg. He expresses excitement to build off the Confederates successes that afternoon. Battles and engagements discussed include Antietam (September 17, 1862), Chancellorsville (April 30 to May 6, 1863), Gettysburg (July 1-3, 1863), and Chickamauga (September 18–20, 1863).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLizzie Scott Neblett was the older sister of Sallie Bassett and many letters between the sisters not previously examined, both before and after the American Civil War, can be found within this collection. Their letters shed light on relationship struggles, farm life, local news, and family connections.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile few in number, the surviving letters of Lizzie and Sallie's father, James Scott, provide significant insight into Texas prior to its in 1846. In the first, James writes his wife, Sarah, from the convention in Austin, Texas, where the debates about joining the United States were taking place. He offers few specifics as \"Nothing in which you would take any interest has occurred here and therefore I will not say anything about the proceedings…\" In second of these letters, James is writing to a Colonel B. Rush Wallace and gets far more political in discussion and tone. He talks at length about concern over the merits of becoming Whig or Democrat once they are thrust into the existing political climate of their new nation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOf particular interest is an 1888 letter written by Ida Carter, presumably William M. and Belle Bassett Blackley's \"Black Mamy,\" is addressed to a Col. Bassett Blackley, in care of W. M. Blackley. Carter begins the letter \"Dear Little Bassett.\" This letter seems to suggest that the Blackleys did in fact have another child, Bassett Blackley, prior to Belle. If that is the case, Bassett Blackley may have died in childhood.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOf the twentieth-century correspondence, most of it was sent or received by Chas Blackley. While his letters span most of the century, the bulk are centered between the years 1930-1944. The letters that Chas Blackley wrote while visiting Europe in 1934 are of particular interest due to the changing political climate with the rise of the Nazis in Germany. Through his correspondence, diaries, and photographs there is an opportunity to see an American view of this transformative time. In one letter to his sister, Mary, dated August 21, Chas Blackley writes of the hanging of Nazis in Vienna, Austria for a failed coup that took place mere weeks before his arrival and that it \"has retarded history making considerably.\" He also spoke of the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHeimwehr\u003c/emph\u003e, the home guard, patrolling the streets with their rifles and \"keeping a sharp to windward.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Personal Papers, 1857-2015, is comprised of personal papers, diaries, and other documents that highlight the careers and interests of the family members. R.H. Bassett's papers include Confederate government and military documents pertaining to promotions, recruitment, and resignation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnother unique piece of this collection from the early period is the Belle Bassett Diary, 1873-1879, which offers a glimpse of the post-war years for a child growing up in the South.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eChas Blackley, in addition to his letters from the trip to Europe, also kept a diary of his experiences. This diary covers the personal and public incidents of his travels.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMore information about individual members of family is available here in the form of detailed histories of specific family lines (Blackley, Bassett, Hoge, etc.), through family trees, and biographical information.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther items of note from Chas Blackley are the many manuscripts of novels and plays that he wrote in the early-to-mid 1930s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Ephemera, 1856-2004, houses many unique items such as hundreds of stamps (U.S., Confederate, and international), brochures, certificates, awards, diplomas, and pamphlets from events such as the 1932 Los Angeles Olympics and the 1933 World's Fair in Chicago, and dance cards. The aforementioned diplomas and certificates document the Blackley family's achievements and graduations from various schools and universities, including the University of Virginia, the State Teacher's College at Harrisonburg, and Virginia Tech. Many of the manuals and booklets used in Chas' various military training can be found in this series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are also newspaper clippings that share stories directly related to family members or address significant events of the time. These include awards won by the family, news about new jobs or graduations, historic events like D-Day, and John F. Kennedy's assassination.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOne of the more locally relevant pieces is a pamphlet entitled \"Dedication of the Shenandoah National Park\" (1936). It lists the planned dedication speech from President Franklin D. Roosevelt given at Big Meadows as the key event.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis series also includes one oversize box of 3D ephemeral objects. Objects of interest include a Kodak No. 2 Folding Autographic Brownie camera (1917-1926) owned by Chas Blackley and inscribed with the names of Blackley and the SS \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eGertrude Kellogg\u003c/emph\u003e, Dr. Charles Coatesworth Phillips' small leather medicine case with glass bottles that he took on house calls, several pairs of glasses, a glass plate photograph of Susie E. Phillips, and assorted World's Fair ephemera.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eStored separately are multiple flags that are likely from Chas' 1930 voyage in the Pacific. There is a large and small Japanese flag, a small Chinese [pre-communist revolution] flag, and a small Philippine national flag. An additional flag dates to WWI and features the United States flag surrounded by smaller flags of all our allies from that conflict.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4, Photographs, circa 1861-1989, includes photographic prints, negatives, and slides that document the Scott, Bassett, Blackley, Hoge, Matthews, and Nix families of Texas and Staunton, Virginia. Files are arranged chronologically and undated groupings of images are listed alphabetically at the end of the series. Files are labeled to reflect the subject of the photos; original arrangement and description of people and places as received from the donor was maintained whenever possible. Some photographs contain identifying text written on the back of the image, though many photos are unidentified. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs within this series document Chas Blackley's trips to Asia and the Pacific in 1930 as well as his journey through Europe in 1934. Other photographs document the Civilian Military Training Camp (CMTC) experience at Ft. Eustis, Virginia, from 1928.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs created by or picturing Catherine Matthews Blackley contain images of campus and student life at the State Teacher's College at Harrisonburg (now JMU) dating from the early 1930s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: Scrapbooks, 1862-1931, is comprised of one scrapbook created by R.H. Bassett, and three scrapbooks created by Chas Blackley. The scrapbook created by R.H. Bassett dates from 1862-1869 and contains mostly newspaper clippings related to Bassett's work in local and state politics in Grimes County, Texas, after a wound at the Battle of Chickamauga in 1864 ended his role in the American Civil War. \nThe three remaining scrapbooks were created by Chas Blackley, and document aspects of his life in the years between 1928-1931. The CTMC and VMI scrapbook documents Chas Blackley's military training at the Citizen's Military Training Camp (CTMC) from 1927-1929 as well as his time enrolled at the Virginia Military Institute (VMI). Two scrapbooks document Chas Blackley's 1930 travels with childhood friend  George Earman throughout the Pacific and multiple Asian nations aboard the steamer SS \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eGertrude Kellogg\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series largely documents Chas Blackley's involvement with radio stations WSVA and WTON and comprises photographs, correspondence, and printed ephemera. A file concerning Susan Blackley, Chas Blackley's daughter, is included and relate to her work as the horticulturalist for the city of Staunton. Photographs document Susan's time as a bartender at H.A. Winston's in Wilmington, Delaware.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes newspaper clippings covering Susan's work as a horticulturist for Staunton as well as photographs of Susan as a bartender at H.A. Winston's in Wilmington, Delaware.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes negatives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes negatives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComprises papers and photographs related to the immediate and extended Blackley family. Materials also concern the Fry and Matthews families.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials related to Eugene Fry, father of Patricia Fry Blackley.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Contents","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Blackley Family Papers, 1830-2020, consists of hundreds of letters that span from 1830 to 2011; diaries; official United States, Confederate, and Texas documents; literary works; newspaper clippings; postcards; ephemera; and photographs. These papers document the related Scott, Bassett, Blackley, Hoge, Matthews, and Nix families of Texas and Staunton, Virginia.","Series 1: Correspondence, 1830-2011, is comprised of more than 300 individual letters. The majority of the earlier ones involve Sarah \"Sallie\" Scott Bassett and/or her husband R.H. Bassett. Together their combined correspondence comprises eight folders and spans the years 1850-1913.","These letters cover the years of the American Civil War and shed light on how the conflict affected their lives. In addition to letters from Captain R.H. Bassett, there are dozens of notes written home to Sallie from her brother Garrett Scott, brother-in-law Noah Bassett, and her cousin John Nix. All of these men spent time serving in the 4th Texas Regiment of the famed Texas Brigade. While their letters contain minimal military focused discussions, they do highlight camp life, personal struggles of being separated from each other, personal and public incidents, and family news. The military discussion is really limited to mention of the dead and wounded from battles and engagements. However, R.H. does write a letter to Sallie as he arrives on the battlefield at Gettysburg. He expresses excitement to build off the Confederates successes that afternoon. Battles and engagements discussed include Antietam (September 17, 1862), Chancellorsville (April 30 to May 6, 1863), Gettysburg (July 1-3, 1863), and Chickamauga (September 18–20, 1863).","Lizzie Scott Neblett was the older sister of Sallie Bassett and many letters between the sisters not previously examined, both before and after the American Civil War, can be found within this collection. Their letters shed light on relationship struggles, farm life, local news, and family connections.","While few in number, the surviving letters of Lizzie and Sallie's father, James Scott, provide significant insight into Texas prior to its in 1846. In the first, James writes his wife, Sarah, from the convention in Austin, Texas, where the debates about joining the United States were taking place. He offers few specifics as \"Nothing in which you would take any interest has occurred here and therefore I will not say anything about the proceedings…\" In second of these letters, James is writing to a Colonel B. Rush Wallace and gets far more political in discussion and tone. He talks at length about concern over the merits of becoming Whig or Democrat once they are thrust into the existing political climate of their new nation.","Of particular interest is an 1888 letter written by Ida Carter, presumably William M. and Belle Bassett Blackley's \"Black Mamy,\" is addressed to a Col. Bassett Blackley, in care of W. M. Blackley. Carter begins the letter \"Dear Little Bassett.\" This letter seems to suggest that the Blackleys did in fact have another child, Bassett Blackley, prior to Belle. If that is the case, Bassett Blackley may have died in childhood.","Of the twentieth-century correspondence, most of it was sent or received by Chas Blackley. While his letters span most of the century, the bulk are centered between the years 1930-1944. The letters that Chas Blackley wrote while visiting Europe in 1934 are of particular interest due to the changing political climate with the rise of the Nazis in Germany. Through his correspondence, diaries, and photographs there is an opportunity to see an American view of this transformative time. In one letter to his sister, Mary, dated August 21, Chas Blackley writes of the hanging of Nazis in Vienna, Austria for a failed coup that took place mere weeks before his arrival and that it \"has retarded history making considerably.\" He also spoke of the  Heimwehr , the home guard, patrolling the streets with their rifles and \"keeping a sharp to windward.\"","Series 2: Personal Papers, 1857-2015, is comprised of personal papers, diaries, and other documents that highlight the careers and interests of the family members. R.H. Bassett's papers include Confederate government and military documents pertaining to promotions, recruitment, and resignation.","Another unique piece of this collection from the early period is the Belle Bassett Diary, 1873-1879, which offers a glimpse of the post-war years for a child growing up in the South.","Chas Blackley, in addition to his letters from the trip to Europe, also kept a diary of his experiences. This diary covers the personal and public incidents of his travels.","More information about individual members of family is available here in the form of detailed histories of specific family lines (Blackley, Bassett, Hoge, etc.), through family trees, and biographical information.","Other items of note from Chas Blackley are the many manuscripts of novels and plays that he wrote in the early-to-mid 1930s.","Series 3: Ephemera, 1856-2004, houses many unique items such as hundreds of stamps (U.S., Confederate, and international), brochures, certificates, awards, diplomas, and pamphlets from events such as the 1932 Los Angeles Olympics and the 1933 World's Fair in Chicago, and dance cards. The aforementioned diplomas and certificates document the Blackley family's achievements and graduations from various schools and universities, including the University of Virginia, the State Teacher's College at Harrisonburg, and Virginia Tech. Many of the manuals and booklets used in Chas' various military training can be found in this series.","There are also newspaper clippings that share stories directly related to family members or address significant events of the time. These include awards won by the family, news about new jobs or graduations, historic events like D-Day, and John F. Kennedy's assassination.","One of the more locally relevant pieces is a pamphlet entitled \"Dedication of the Shenandoah National Park\" (1936). It lists the planned dedication speech from President Franklin D. Roosevelt given at Big Meadows as the key event.","This series also includes one oversize box of 3D ephemeral objects. Objects of interest include a Kodak No. 2 Folding Autographic Brownie camera (1917-1926) owned by Chas Blackley and inscribed with the names of Blackley and the SS  Gertrude Kellogg , Dr. Charles Coatesworth Phillips' small leather medicine case with glass bottles that he took on house calls, several pairs of glasses, a glass plate photograph of Susie E. Phillips, and assorted World's Fair ephemera.","Stored separately are multiple flags that are likely from Chas' 1930 voyage in the Pacific. There is a large and small Japanese flag, a small Chinese [pre-communist revolution] flag, and a small Philippine national flag. An additional flag dates to WWI and features the United States flag surrounded by smaller flags of all our allies from that conflict.","Series 4, Photographs, circa 1861-1989, includes photographic prints, negatives, and slides that document the Scott, Bassett, Blackley, Hoge, Matthews, and Nix families of Texas and Staunton, Virginia. Files are arranged chronologically and undated groupings of images are listed alphabetically at the end of the series. Files are labeled to reflect the subject of the photos; original arrangement and description of people and places as received from the donor was maintained whenever possible. Some photographs contain identifying text written on the back of the image, though many photos are unidentified. ","Photographs within this series document Chas Blackley's trips to Asia and the Pacific in 1930 as well as his journey through Europe in 1934. Other photographs document the Civilian Military Training Camp (CMTC) experience at Ft. Eustis, Virginia, from 1928.","Photographs created by or picturing Catherine Matthews Blackley contain images of campus and student life at the State Teacher's College at Harrisonburg (now JMU) dating from the early 1930s.","Series 5: Scrapbooks, 1862-1931, is comprised of one scrapbook created by R.H. Bassett, and three scrapbooks created by Chas Blackley. The scrapbook created by R.H. Bassett dates from 1862-1869 and contains mostly newspaper clippings related to Bassett's work in local and state politics in Grimes County, Texas, after a wound at the Battle of Chickamauga in 1864 ended his role in the American Civil War. \nThe three remaining scrapbooks were created by Chas Blackley, and document aspects of his life in the years between 1928-1931. The CTMC and VMI scrapbook documents Chas Blackley's military training at the Citizen's Military Training Camp (CTMC) from 1927-1929 as well as his time enrolled at the Virginia Military Institute (VMI). Two scrapbooks document Chas Blackley's 1930 travels with childhood friend  George Earman throughout the Pacific and multiple Asian nations aboard the steamer SS  Gertrude Kellogg .","The series largely documents Chas Blackley's involvement with radio stations WSVA and WTON and comprises photographs, correspondence, and printed ephemera. A file concerning Susan Blackley, Chas Blackley's daughter, is included and relate to her work as the horticulturalist for the city of Staunton. Photographs document Susan's time as a bartender at H.A. Winston's in Wilmington, Delaware.","Includes newspaper clippings covering Susan's work as a horticulturist for Staunton as well as photographs of Susan as a bartender at H.A. Winston's in Wilmington, Delaware.","Includes negatives.","Includes negatives.","Comprises papers and photographs related to the immediate and extended Blackley family. Materials also concern the Fry and Matthews families.","Materials related to Eugene Fry, father of Patricia Fry Blackley."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll published monographs have been cataloged individually and placed in Special Collections' rare book collection. Catherine Matthews Blackley's \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSchooma'am\u003c/emph\u003e yearbooks were removed and housed with the yearbook collection. They are retained due to heavy annotations.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Material"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["All published monographs have been cataloged individually and placed in Special Collections' rare book collection. Catherine Matthews Blackley's  Schooma'am  yearbooks were removed and housed with the yearbook collection. They are retained due to heavy annotations."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_e73d9f92cf4c9d321a4666b26feddd80\"\u003eThe Blackley Family Papers, 1830-2020, consists of hundreds of letters that span from 1830 to 2011; diaries; official United States, Confederate, and Texas documents; literary works; newspaper clippings; postcards; ephemera; and photographs. These papers document the related Scott, Bassett, Blackley, Hoge, Matthews, and Nix families of Texas and Staunton, Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Blackley Family Papers, 1830-2020, consists of hundreds of letters that span from 1830 to 2011; diaries; official United States, Confederate, and Texas documents; literary works; newspaper clippings; postcards; ephemera; and photographs. These papers document the related Scott, Bassett, Blackley, Hoge, Matthews, and Nix families of Texas and Staunton, Virginia."],"names_coll_ssim":["State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","United States. War Department. Citizens' Military Training Camps","Virginia Military Institute -- Students","Confederate States of America. Army. Texas Brigade","Virginia Polytechnic Institute -- Students","Blackley, Chuck","Blackley, Pat","Blackley, Chuck"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","United States. War Department. Citizens' Military Training Camps","Virginia Military Institute -- Students","Confederate States of America. Army. Texas Brigade","Virginia Polytechnic Institute -- Students","WTON (Radio station : Staunton, Va.)","WSVA (Radio station : Harrisonburg, Va.)","Blackley family","Blackley, Chuck","Blackley, Charles Phillips, Sr., 1909-1999","Blackley, Pat","Harvey, Paul, 1918-2009"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","United States. War Department. Citizens' Military Training Camps","Virginia Military Institute -- Students","Confederate States of America. Army. Texas Brigade","Virginia Polytechnic Institute -- Students","WTON (Radio station : Staunton, Va.)","WSVA (Radio station : Harrisonburg, Va.)"],"famname_ssim":["Blackley family"],"persname_ssim":["Blackley, Chuck","Blackley, Charles Phillips, Sr., 1909-1999","Blackley, Pat","Harvey, Paul, 1918-2009"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":579,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:22:06.237Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_407_c03_c103"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_412_c01_c36","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Summonses and subpoenas","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_412_c01_c36#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_412_c01_c36","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_412_c01_c36"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_412_c01_c36","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_412","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_412","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_412_c01","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_412_c01","parent_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_412","vihart_repositories_4_resources_412_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_412","vihart_repositories_4_resources_412_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society Collection","Legal/Governmental Documents"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society Collection","Legal/Governmental Documents"],"text":["Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society Collection","Legal/Governmental Documents","Summonses and subpoenas","box 2","folder 8"],"title_filing_ssi":"Summonses and subpoenas","title_ssm":["Summonses and subpoenas"],"title_tesim":["Summonses and subpoenas"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1801-1930"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1801/1930"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Summonses and subpoenas"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society Collection"],"extent_ssm":["36 items"],"extent_tesim":["36 items"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":37,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"date_range_isim":[1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930],"containers_ssim":["box 2","folder 8"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#35","timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:20:27.499Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_412","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_412","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_412","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_412","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_412.xml","title_ssm":["Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society Collection"],"title_tesim":["Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1740-1950"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1740-1950"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0117","/repositories/4/resources/412"],"text":["SC 0117","/repositories/4/resources/412","Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society Collection","Virginia -- History, Local","Virginia -- History","Virginia -- Genealogy","Virginia -- History -- Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775","Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia -- Politics and government -- 1775-1865","Virginia -- Politics and government -- 1861-1865","Virginia -- Politics and government -- 1865-1950","Virginia -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Religious life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Genealogy","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Shenandoah County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Shenandoah County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Page County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Augusta County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Page County (Va.) -- History","Augusta County (Va.) -- History","Letters (correspondence)","Legal documents","Financial Records","Family papers","Receipts (financial records)","Summonses","Application forms","Voters' lists","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Most of the papers were received in no order. A few packets were labeled with family names. Documents are arranged chronologically within folders, except in the Miscellaneous folders of the Individual/Family series, where they are filed alphabetically. The collection is arranged in four series: 1. Legal/Governmental Documents; 2. Business/Institutional Documents; 3. Individual/Family Documents; 3.1. Individual Families; 4. Maps.","Legal/Governmental Documents Business/Institutional Documents Individual/Family Documents Maps","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017.  This collection was previously cataloged as SC 2095 .","This collection consists of approximately 1,700 items, in six boxes and one flat folder, and covers the dates 1740-1950. The collection is comprised of a very wide variety of legal, governmental, business, school, and church records, as well as personal papers, all primarily from the Central Shenandoah Valley (Rockingham, Shenandoah, Augusta, and Page Counties). Most are originals, but some photocopies are included.","The Legal/Governmental Documents Series includes summonses, road documents, juror lists, delivery bonds, papers from the Sheriff's Office and the Circuit Courts of Rockingham and Shenandoah Counties, CSA Telegraph Reports, postal accounts, and miscellaneous other official reports, claims, applications, etc.","The Business/Institutional Documents Series includes church histories and other church documents, school catalogs, slave purchase documents, records of Cootes' Store, and other miscellaneous business papers which are not related to families, such as the merger of the News Register Co. and Rockingham Publishing Co. Significantly the collection includes a complete issue of the Rockingham Weekly Register from April 26, 1828, that is not extant elsewhere.","The Individual/Family Documents Series contains deeds and indentures; letters; receipts; promissory notes and other financial papers, including those related to family businesses; certificates; and miscellaneous other documents. Of particular interest are the Harrison and Lincoln family folders, which include several noteworthy deeds; and the Winfield family folder, which includes several items relating to the Civil War.","Separate folders under each family or individual for which 5 or more relevant items are held.","Combined folders in one alphabetical sequence for four or less documents per name. See Cross Index for names.","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","This collection consists of approximately 1,700 items, in six boxes and one flat folder, and covers the dates 1740-1950. The collection is comprised of a very wide variety of legal, governmental, business, school, and church records, as well as personal papers, all primarily from the Central Shenandoah Valley (Rockingham, Shenandoah, Augusta, and Page counties). Most are originals, but some facsimiles are included.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0117","/repositories/4/resources/412"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society Collection"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia -- History, Local","Virginia -- History","Virginia -- Genealogy","Virginia -- History -- Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775","Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia -- Politics and government -- 1775-1865","Virginia -- Politics and government -- 1861-1865","Virginia -- Politics and government -- 1865-1950","Virginia -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. 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Va.) -- Genealogy","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Shenandoah County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Shenandoah County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Page County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Augusta County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Page County (Va.) -- History","Augusta County (Va.) -- History"],"creator_ssm":["Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society"],"creator_ssim":["Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society"],"creators_ssim":["Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society"],"places_ssim":["Virginia -- History, Local","Virginia -- History","Virginia -- Genealogy","Virginia -- History -- Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775","Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia -- Politics and government -- 1775-1865","Virginia -- Politics and government -- 1861-1865","Virginia -- Politics and government -- 1865-1950","Virginia -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Religious life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Genealogy","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Shenandoah County (Va.) -- History","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Shenandoah County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Page County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Augusta County (Va.) -- Genealogy","Page County (Va.) -- History","Augusta County (Va.) -- History"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was compiled from many boxes of miscellaneous papers placed on deposit at the library by the Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)","Legal documents","Financial Records","Family papers","Receipts (financial records)","Summonses","Application forms","Voters' lists"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Letters (correspondence)","Legal documents","Financial Records","Family papers","Receipts (financial records)","Summonses","Application forms","Voters' lists"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3.0 cubic feet 6 boxes, 1 flat folder"],"extent_tesim":["3.0 cubic feet 6 boxes, 1 flat folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)","Legal documents","Financial Records","Family papers","Receipts (financial records)","Summonses","Application forms","Voters' lists"],"date_range_isim":[1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMost of the papers were received in no order. A few packets were labeled with family names. Documents are arranged chronologically within folders, except in the Miscellaneous folders of the Individual/Family series, where they are filed alphabetically. The collection is arranged in four series: 1. Legal/Governmental Documents; 2. Business/Institutional Documents; 3. Individual/Family Documents; 3.1. Individual Families; 4. Maps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eLegal/Governmental Documents\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eBusiness/Institutional Documents\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eIndividual/Family Documents\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eMaps\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Most of the papers were received in no order. A few packets were labeled with family names. Documents are arranged chronologically within folders, except in the Miscellaneous folders of the Individual/Family series, where they are filed alphabetically. The collection is arranged in four series: 1. Legal/Governmental Documents; 2. Business/Institutional Documents; 3. Individual/Family Documents; 3.1. Individual Families; 4. Maps.","Legal/Governmental Documents Business/Institutional Documents Individual/Family Documents Maps"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], [box #, folder #], Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society Collection, 1740-1950, SC 0117, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], [box #, folder #], Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society Collection, 1740-1950, SC 0117, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThis collection was previously cataloged as SC 2095\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017.  This collection was previously cataloged as SC 2095 ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of approximately 1,700 items, in six boxes and one flat folder, and covers the dates 1740-1950. The collection is comprised of a very wide variety of legal, governmental, business, school, and church records, as well as personal papers, all primarily from the Central Shenandoah Valley (Rockingham, Shenandoah, Augusta, and Page Counties). Most are originals, but some photocopies are included.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Legal/Governmental Documents Series includes summonses, road documents, juror lists, delivery bonds, papers from the Sheriff's Office and the Circuit Courts of Rockingham and Shenandoah Counties, CSA Telegraph Reports, postal accounts, and miscellaneous other official reports, claims, applications, etc.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Business/Institutional Documents Series includes church histories and other church documents, school catalogs, slave purchase documents, records of Cootes' Store, and other miscellaneous business papers which are not related to families, such as the merger of the News Register Co. and Rockingham Publishing Co. Significantly the collection includes a complete issue of the Rockingham Weekly Register from April 26, 1828, that is not extant elsewhere.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Individual/Family Documents Series contains deeds and indentures; letters; receipts; promissory notes and other financial papers, including those related to family businesses; certificates; and miscellaneous other documents. Of particular interest are the Harrison and Lincoln family folders, which include several noteworthy deeds; and the Winfield family folder, which includes several items relating to the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeparate folders under each family or individual for which 5 or more relevant items are held.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCombined folders in one alphabetical sequence for four or less documents per name. See Cross Index for names.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of approximately 1,700 items, in six boxes and one flat folder, and covers the dates 1740-1950. The collection is comprised of a very wide variety of legal, governmental, business, school, and church records, as well as personal papers, all primarily from the Central Shenandoah Valley (Rockingham, Shenandoah, Augusta, and Page Counties). Most are originals, but some photocopies are included.","The Legal/Governmental Documents Series includes summonses, road documents, juror lists, delivery bonds, papers from the Sheriff's Office and the Circuit Courts of Rockingham and Shenandoah Counties, CSA Telegraph Reports, postal accounts, and miscellaneous other official reports, claims, applications, etc.","The Business/Institutional Documents Series includes church histories and other church documents, school catalogs, slave purchase documents, records of Cootes' Store, and other miscellaneous business papers which are not related to families, such as the merger of the News Register Co. and Rockingham Publishing Co. Significantly the collection includes a complete issue of the Rockingham Weekly Register from April 26, 1828, that is not extant elsewhere.","The Individual/Family Documents Series contains deeds and indentures; letters; receipts; promissory notes and other financial papers, including those related to family businesses; certificates; and miscellaneous other documents. Of particular interest are the Harrison and Lincoln family folders, which include several noteworthy deeds; and the Winfield family folder, which includes several items relating to the Civil War.","Separate folders under each family or individual for which 5 or more relevant items are held.","Combined folders in one alphabetical sequence for four or less documents per name. See Cross Index for names."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8b0c0cf7d8d4e5e3173df401b85e0033\"\u003eThis collection consists of approximately 1,700 items, in six boxes and one flat folder, and covers the dates 1740-1950. The collection is comprised of a very wide variety of legal, governmental, business, school, and church records, as well as personal papers, all primarily from the Central Shenandoah Valley (Rockingham, Shenandoah, Augusta, and Page counties). Most are originals, but some facsimiles are included.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of approximately 1,700 items, in six boxes and one flat folder, and covers the dates 1740-1950. The collection is comprised of a very wide variety of legal, governmental, business, school, and church records, as well as personal papers, all primarily from the Central Shenandoah Valley (Rockingham, Shenandoah, Augusta, and Page counties). Most are originals, but some facsimiles are included."],"names_coll_ssim":["Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":112,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:20:27.499Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_412_c01_c36"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_726_c110","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Survey for a tract of land conveyed to Samuel C. Williams C.C.","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_726_c110#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_726_c110","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_726_c110"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_726_c110","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_726","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_726","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_726","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_726","parent_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_726"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_726"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Tisinger Family collection of Shenandoah County land surveys"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Tisinger Family collection of Shenandoah County land surveys"],"text":["Tisinger Family collection of Shenandoah County land surveys","Survey for a tract of land conveyed to Samuel C. Williams C.C.","box 2","folder 15"],"title_filing_ssi":"Survey for a tract of land conveyed to Samuel C. Williams C.C.","title_ssm":["Survey for a tract of land conveyed to Samuel C. Williams C.C."],"title_tesim":["Survey for a tract of land conveyed to Samuel C. Williams C.C."],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1868-1879"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1868/1879"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Survey for a tract of land conveyed to Samuel C. Williams C.C."],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Tisinger Family collection of Shenandoah County land surveys"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":110,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"date_range_isim":[1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879],"containers_ssim":["box 2","folder 15"],"_nest_path_":"/components#109","timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:19:36.409Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_726","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_726","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_726","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_726","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_726.xml","title_ssm":["Tisinger Family collection of Shenandoah County land surveys"],"title_tesim":["Tisinger Family collection of Shenandoah County land surveys"],"unitdate_ssm":["1749-1932"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1749-1932"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0354"],"text":["SC 0354","Tisinger Family collection of Shenandoah County land surveys","Shenandoah County (Va.) -- Surveys","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Surveys","Augusta County (Va.) -- Surveys","Hardy County (W. Va.) -- Surveys","Surveying -- Virginia -- Shenandoah County","Deeds -- Virginia -- Shenandoah County","Legal documents","Indentures","Deeds","Land surveys","Plats (maps)","Land titles -- Virginia -- Shenandoah County","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Documents were foldered according to their original order and groupings.","William Tisinger (1816-1887), whose family the collection of land surveys descended through, is listed as a teacher in the 1850 census. In subsequent censuses (1860-1880) and death register, Tisinger's occupation is listed as surveyor or county surveyor. Jacob Rinker, Reuben Walton, James Murphy, Richard Rigg, and others were also employed as surveyors for Shenandoah County and are referenced in the collection as such along with Tisinger.","Per the seller's catalog, the collection descended in the Tisinger family, Mt. Jackson, Virginia.","The documents were received in three 3-ring binders with individual documents or small groupings of like documents sleeved in plastic enclosures. The documents were identified and described before acquisition by Special Collections, presumably by either a member of the Tisinger family prior to being consigned for auction or by the auction house itself. Documents were foldered according to their original order and groupings. The provided descriptions were repurposed as folder titles.","The collection comprises hundreds of land surveys and related documents primarily for Shenandoah County, Virginia. Specific document types include land indentures, deeds, plats, surveys and re-surveys including period copies of 18th century surveys, articles of agreement, field notes and calculations, last wills and testaments, and personal property inventories.","Locations referenced in the documents include Holman's Creek, Mill Creek, Mt. Jackson, Mulberry Run, Red Banks, New Market, Edinburg, Passage Creek, Stony Creek, North Fork of the Shenandoah River, Manassas Gap Railroad, Liberty Run, Hamburg, Little North Mountain, Orkney Springs, Conicville, Cedar Creek, and many more. Places beyond Shenandoah County include Rockingham County, Augusta County, and Hardy County.","Surveyors referenced in the documents include William Tisinger, Jacob Rinker, Reuben Walton, James Murphy, Richard Rigg, and others.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The collection comprises hundreds of land surveys and related documents primarily for Shenandoah County, Virginia.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates","Bush \u0026 Lobdell (Wilmington, Del.)","Tisinger family","Tisinger, William, 1816-1887","Fairfax, Thomas Fairfax, Lord, 1693-1781","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0354"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Tisinger Family collection of Shenandoah County land surveys"],"collection_title_tesim":["Tisinger Family collection of Shenandoah County land surveys"],"collection_ssim":["Tisinger Family collection of Shenandoah County land surveys"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Shenandoah County (Va.) -- Surveys","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Surveys","Augusta County (Va.) -- Surveys","Hardy County (W. 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For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Acquired at Jeffrey S. 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Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDocuments were foldered according to their original order and groupings.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Documents were foldered according to their original order and groupings."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Tisinger (1816-1887), whose family the collection of land surveys descended through, is listed as a teacher in the 1850 census. In subsequent censuses (1860-1880) and death register, Tisinger's occupation is listed as surveyor or county surveyor. Jacob Rinker, Reuben Walton, James Murphy, Richard Rigg, and others were also employed as surveyors for Shenandoah County and are referenced in the collection as such along with Tisinger.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["William Tisinger (1816-1887), whose family the collection of land surveys descended through, is listed as a teacher in the 1850 census. In subsequent censuses (1860-1880) and death register, Tisinger's occupation is listed as surveyor or county surveyor. Jacob Rinker, Reuben Walton, James Murphy, Richard Rigg, and others were also employed as surveyors for Shenandoah County and are referenced in the collection as such along with Tisinger."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePer the seller's catalog, the collection descended in the Tisinger family, Mt. Jackson, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["Per the seller's catalog, the collection descended in the Tisinger family, Mt. Jackson, Virginia."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Tisinger Family Collection of Shenandoah County Land Surveys, 1749-1932, SC 0354, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Tisinger Family Collection of Shenandoah County Land Surveys, 1749-1932, SC 0354, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe documents were received in three 3-ring binders with individual documents or small groupings of like documents sleeved in plastic enclosures. The documents were identified and described before acquisition by Special Collections, presumably by either a member of the Tisinger family prior to being consigned for auction or by the auction house itself. Documents were foldered according to their original order and groupings. The provided descriptions were repurposed as folder titles.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The documents were received in three 3-ring binders with individual documents or small groupings of like documents sleeved in plastic enclosures. The documents were identified and described before acquisition by Special Collections, presumably by either a member of the Tisinger family prior to being consigned for auction or by the auction house itself. Documents were foldered according to their original order and groupings. The provided descriptions were repurposed as folder titles."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection comprises hundreds of land surveys and related documents primarily for Shenandoah County, Virginia. Specific document types include land indentures, deeds, plats, surveys and re-surveys including period copies of 18th century surveys, articles of agreement, field notes and calculations, last wills and testaments, and personal property inventories.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLocations referenced in the documents include Holman's Creek, Mill Creek, Mt. Jackson, Mulberry Run, Red Banks, New Market, Edinburg, Passage Creek, Stony Creek, North Fork of the Shenandoah River, Manassas Gap Railroad, Liberty Run, Hamburg, Little North Mountain, Orkney Springs, Conicville, Cedar Creek, and many more. Places beyond Shenandoah County include Rockingham County, Augusta County, and Hardy County.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSurveyors referenced in the documents include William Tisinger, Jacob Rinker, Reuben Walton, James Murphy, Richard Rigg, and others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeriod copy of original.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeriod copy of original.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeriod copy of original.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeriod copy of original.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeriod copy of original.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeriod copy of original.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeriod copy of original.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeriod copy of original.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeriod copy of original.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeriod copy of original.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeriod copy of original.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeriod copy of original.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeriod copy of original.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection comprises hundreds of land surveys and related documents primarily for Shenandoah County, Virginia. Specific document types include land indentures, deeds, plats, surveys and re-surveys including period copies of 18th century surveys, articles of agreement, field notes and calculations, last wills and testaments, and personal property inventories.","Locations referenced in the documents include Holman's Creek, Mill Creek, Mt. Jackson, Mulberry Run, Red Banks, New Market, Edinburg, Passage Creek, Stony Creek, North Fork of the Shenandoah River, Manassas Gap Railroad, Liberty Run, Hamburg, Little North Mountain, Orkney Springs, Conicville, Cedar Creek, and many more. Places beyond Shenandoah County include Rockingham County, Augusta County, and Hardy County.","Surveyors referenced in the documents include William Tisinger, Jacob Rinker, Reuben Walton, James Murphy, Richard Rigg, and others.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_c366407779df2cc79ead214728df751e\"\u003eThe collection comprises hundreds of land surveys and related documents primarily for Shenandoah County, Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection comprises hundreds of land surveys and related documents primarily for Shenandoah County, Virginia."],"names_coll_ssim":["Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates","Bush \u0026 Lobdell (Wilmington, Del.)","Tisinger family","Tisinger, William, 1816-1887","Fairfax, Thomas Fairfax, Lord, 1693-1781"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates","Bush \u0026 Lobdell (Wilmington, Del.)"],"famname_ssim":["Tisinger family"],"persname_ssim":["Tisinger, William, 1816-1887","Fairfax, Thomas Fairfax, Lord, 1693-1781"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    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