{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1860\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Buchanan%2C+James%2C+1791-1868","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1860\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Buchanan%2C+James%2C+1791-1868\u0026page=1"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":6,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_38","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"David Flavel Jamison papers, 1860/1864","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_38#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Keitt, Lawrence M. (Lawrence Massillon), 1824-1864","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_38#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes correspondence while Jamison was Secretary of War of South Carolina, 1861; scattered letters and papers pertaining to the South Carolina Secession Convention of which he was president, and papers related to his tenure as presiding judge of the military court of Gen. Beauregard's Corps, 1862-1864. Robert Woodward Barnwell and Lawrence Massillon Keitt are among the correspondents.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_38#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_38","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_38","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_38","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_38","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WLU/repositories_5_resources_38.xml","title_ssm":["David Flavel Jamison papers"],"title_tesim":["David Flavel Jamison papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["Inclusive 1860-1864"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Inclusive 1860-1864"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1860/1864"],"normalized_title_ssm":["David Flavel Jamison papers, 1860/1864"],"text":["David Flavel Jamison papers, 1860/1864","WLU.Coll.0056","/repositories/5/resources/38","South Carolina","South Carolina -- Charleston -- Fort Sumter","United States -- Confederate States of America","Political science","Correspondence","Secession","Military courts","The collection is open for research use.","This collection includes correspondence while Jamison was Secretary of War of South Carolina, 1861; scattered letters and papers pertaining to the South Carolina Secession Convention of which he was president, and papers related to his tenure as presiding judge of the military court of Gen. Beauregard's Corps, 1862-1864.  Robert Woodward Barnwell and Lawrence Massillon Keitt are among the correspondents.","The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.","Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Confederate States of America","Citadel. the Military College of South Carolina","South Carolina--Charleston County","South Carolina--Charleston--Fort Sumter","South Carolina--Charleston--Castle Pinckney","South Carolina--Morris Island","South Carolina--Fort Johnson","South Carolina--Summerville","United States. Army. South Carolina Regiment","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 2nd","Confederate States of America. South Carolina Artillery Regiment, 1st.. Lafayette Artillery Company","Fort Palmetto","South Carolina--Orangeburg County","South Carolina--Columbia","South Carolina--Fort Moultrie","Arsenal Academy (Columbia, S.C.)","Louisiana--New Orleans","South Carolina--Charleston Harbor","South Carolina--Charleston","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 1st. Irish Volunteers","Planter's Hotel","Georgia Military Institute (Marietta, Ga.)","State Rights and Free Trade Party (S.C.)","Mississippi--Jackson","National Hotel (Washington, D.C.)","Morris Island Lighthouse (S.C.)","Vigilant Rifle Company (1860-1861)","Charleston (South Carolina) German Artillery","Washington Light Infantry (Charleston, S.C.)","Atlantic Ocean--Stono Inlet","Georgia--Macon","Nullification (States' rights)","South Carolina--James Island","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 4th","White Point Garden","South Carolina--Folly Island (Island)","South Carolina--Cummings Point","South Carolina Militia. Regiment, Thirty-third","South Carolina--Sullivans Island","Washington (South Carolina) Artillery","Alabama--Tuscaloosa","West Point Foundry Association","Washington (D.C.)","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Regiment of Rifles, 1st. Company G","Schooner Petrel","Lightship Rattlesnake Shoal","Floating batteries","Siege of Sevastopol' (Sevastopol', Ukraine : 1854-1855)","South Carolina. Militia","South Carolina. General Assembley","Confederate States of America. War Department","Alabama--Montgomery","American Civil War (United States : 1861-1865)","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 10th","South Carolina--Georgetown","South Carolina--Santee River","South Carolina--Murrells Inlet Region","Waccamaw Light Artillery","South Carolina--Little River","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 7th","South Carolina--Mars Bluff","South Carolina--Florence","South Carolina--Richmond","North Carolina--Wilmington","Confederate States of America. Ordnance Bureau","Parrott gun","Washington Fire Company","German Rifle Company","Virginia--Richmond","Tredegar Iron Works (Richmond, Va)","J. M. Eason \u0026 Brother","Atlantic Ocean--Winyah Bay","Palmetto Armory","South Carolina--Beaufort","Lufburrow and Timmons co.","R\u0026J Lacklison","A. N. Miller","Linville \u0026 Smedley","Watervilet Arsenal","U. S. Arsenal","South Carolina--State Arsenal","South Carolina Coast Police","Virginia--Petersburg","Coles Island","Florida--Pensacola","Hazard Powder Company","Charleston Arsenal","Schooner Stowell Cobb","Schooner Helene","Schooner William Aiken","General Clinch (Ship)","Steam Tug Aid","Catawba (ship)","United States. Army. South Carolina Volunteers, 1st (1862-1864)","Illinois--Springfield","\"House Divided\" speech","Indiana--Indianapolis","Lincoln's Indiannapolis speech","United States--New York Harbor","Florida--Fort Pickens","Pawnee (Ship)","Philadelphia Naval Shipyard (Philadelphia, Pa.)","First inauguration of Abraham Lincoln","North Carolina--Fort Anderson","Virginia--Alexandria","North Island Redoubt","South Carolina--North Island","Brooks Guard","South Carolina--Winnsboro","Charleston Floating Battery","South Carolina. Constitutional Convention","South Carolina Seccession Convention","South Carolina--Breach Inlet","South Carolina--Coles Island","Battery Island","South Carolina--Mount Pleasant","South Carolina. Militia. Regiment, Fifth","Confederate States of America. Army. Corps of Engineers","Maryland--Baltimore","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 9th","Palmetto Riflemen","South Carolina--Secessionville","South Carolina--Myrtle Beach","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Regiment of Rifles, 1st","R \u0026 A.P. Caldwell","J. Campsen \u0026 Co.","Ordnance of Secession","South Carolina--Colleton County","Mexican War (1846-1848)","Battle of Churubusco (Mexico City, Mexico: 1847)","Pennsylvania--Philadelphia","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 17th","South Carolina. General Assembly","Bank of the State of South Carolina","South Carolina--Burwood Plantation","South Carolina--Edgefield","South Carolina--Chelsea","South Carolina","South Carolina--Camp Williams","Georgia--Savannah","CSA Military Court (district of South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida)","South Carolina--Barnwell County","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Cavalry Regiment, 5th","Morgan's Squadron","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Cavalry Regiment, 5th. Company I . Tiler's/Tyler's  Company","South Carolina--McClellanville","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 21st","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 27th","Battle of Crécy (Crécy-en-Ponthieu, France : 1346)","Confederate States of America. Army. Cavalry","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 25th","Confederate States of America. Army. Georgia Light Artillery Battalion, 12th","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 23rd","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry, 22nd","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Battalion, 7th","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Cavalry Regiment, 4th","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Artillery Battalion, 15th (Lucas' Battalion)","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 26th","Gist Guard Light Artillery","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Palmetto Light Artillery.","Santee Light Artillery","Confederate States of America. Congress.","Confederate Articles of War","Confederate States of America. Army. Georgia Infantry Regiment, 47th","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Cavalry, 1st","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry. Reserve Battalion, Ward's","Confederate States of America. South Carolina Artillery Regiment, 2nd.","Vanderhorst Street, Charleston, SC","Confederate States of America. Provisional Congress","Gist Rifles","Confederate States of America. Army. Hampton Legion","Confederate States of America. Army. Gary's Brigade","Washington Family","Keitt, Lawrence M. (Lawrence Massillon), 1824-1864","Barnwell, Robert Woodward","Beauregard, G. T. (Gustave Toutant), 1818-1893","Thomas, John P., 1833-1912","Smith, Robert P.","Huguenin, Thomas Abram, 1839-1897","Pickens, F. W. (Francis Wilkinson)","Limehouse, Edward Just, 1835-1910","Pope, Joseph James, Jr.","Stevens, Peter F. (Peter Fayssoux Stevens), 1830-1910","Gist, William Henry, 1807 - 1874","Anderson, Robert, Major, 1805 - 1871","Manigault, Edward, 1817-1874","Schnierle, John, 1808 - 1861","Myers, Abraham C. (Abraham Charles Myers), 1811 - 1889","Barnwell, Robert Woodward, 1801-1882","DeSaussure, Wilmot G. (Wilmot Gibbes), 1822-1886","Gwynn, Walter, 1802-1882","Pettigrew, James Johnston, 1828-1863","Easterly, John M.","Rivers, Constant Henry, Lieutenant Colonel, 1828-1900","Hayne, Paul Hamilton, 1830-1886","Hernandez, James. J.","Magrath, A. G. (Andrew Gordon), 1813-1893","Memminger, C. G. (Christopher Gustavus), 1803-1888","Dunovant, R. G. M. (Richard Gill Mills), 1821-1898","Burnett Rhett, Andrew, 1833-1879","Burnett, Burgh S.","Manget, Victor H., 1837-1919","Branch, John Luther, 1825-1894","Pickens, F.W. (Francis Wilkinson), 1805-1869","Camden, John","Spratt, L.W. (Leonidas William), 1818-1903","D. B. Vincent","Simonton, Charles H. (Charles Henry), 1829-1904","Mills, S. S.","Branham, W. H.","Simons, James, 1813-1879","Ripley, R. S. (Roswell Sabine), 1823-1887","Dozier, William Gaillard, 1833-1908","Cunningham, John, 1805-1869","Carter, W. D.","Aldrich, N., Reverend","King, Henry Campbell, 1819-1862","Pope, Joseph James, Jr., 1825-1870","Gist, States Rights, 1831-1864","Meyerhoff, B., Lieutenant","White, E. B. (Edward Brickell), 1806-1882","McLaws, Lafayette, 1821-1897","Trapier, James H., 1815-1865","Jamison, Sander Glover, 1830-1900","Ferguson, Thomas B., 1841-1922","Rose, James","Foster, John G. (John Gray), 1823-1874","Walter, George H.","Orr, James Lawrence, 1822-1873","Parrott, R. P. (Robert Parker), 1804-1877","Gibbon, John, 1827-1896","Clay, C. C. (Clement Claiborne), 1816-1882","Lynah, Arthur M.","Lesesne, Henry Deas, 1810-1886","Heyward, Nathaniel Barnwell, 1816-1891","Short, Emanuel","Guard, A.C.","Bryan, Edward B.","Vanderhorst, Louis M., 1832-1864","Martin, William E.","Screven, John H., 1823-1903","Capers, Francis W., 1819-1896","Hamilton, James","Farley, H. S.","Yates, Joseph A.","Gourdin, Robert N., 1812-1894","Macbeth, Charles, 1805-1881","Rice, Henry M. (Henry Mower), 1816-1894","Chesnut, James, 1815-1885","Baker, Edward Dickinson, 1811-1861","Quinn, Thomas, 1828-1903","Quinn, Patrick, 1822-1886","Brady, Edward W., Jr.","Davega, Columbus, 1830-1882","de Treville, Richard, Sr., 1801-1874","Cooper, Samuel, 1798-1876","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","Hardee, William Joseph, 1815-1873","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868","Henning, Norman Phillip","Daggett, Thomas West, Captain, 1828-1893","Litchfield, John L., Captain","Austin, Charles","Harllee, W. W. (William Wallace), 1812-1897","Manigault, Gabriel E. (Gabriel Edward), 1833-1899","Lynch, Arthur M.","Crawford, Samuel Wylie, 1827-1892","Lafar, John J., 1797-1873","Martin, Robert","Hagood, Johnson, 1829-1898","Lee, Francis D., 1826-1885","Glaze, William, 1815-1883","Henerey, William S.","Cameron, Archibald, 1813-1881","Lynch, Thomas M.","Hall, Norman J., 1842-1867","Gregg, Maxcy, 1814-1862","Rooney, M. E.","Washington, L. Quinton","Wigfall, Louis T. (Louis Trezevant), 1816-1874","Barbot, Anthony, 1834-1882","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865","Seward, William H. (William Henry), 1801-1872","Sherman, John, 1823-1900","Alston, Thomas Pinckney, 1795-1861","Kaminski, Heiman, 1839-1923","Norman, J. H. (James Henry), 1829-1877","Rion, James H. (James Henry), 1828-1886","Macbeth, E. W.","Capers, Ellison, 1837-1908","Thomas, Captain","Arthur, B. F. (Benjamin Franklin), Sr., 1826-1870","Perryman, W. W. (William W.), 1831-1891","Brooks, John Hampden, Captain, 1833-1911","Pundt, J. M.","Dupont, John","Melchers, Alexander, 1831-1885","Small, Jacob, Captain","Heinrich, Harms, 1833-1869","Rutledge, Benjamin Huger, 1828-1893","Evans, Nathan George, 1824-1868","Pressley, John G. (John Gotea), 1833-1895","Doubleday, Abner, 1819-1893","Walker, Joseph, 1835-1902","Simms, William Gilmore, 1806-1870","Porter, Wm. D. (William Dennison), 1810-1883","Valentine, Jacob","Blanding, William D., 1818-1888","Bennett, J.","Motte Alston Pringle, Jacob, 1827-1886","Robertson, Louis F.","North, Edward","Moses, H.","Colcock, William Ferguson, 1804-1889","Cunningham, John","Martin, William Edward, 1815-1869","Wardlaw, David Lewis, 1799-1873","Dunkin, Benjamin Faneuil, 1792-1874","Rhett, Robert Barnwell, 1800-1876","Ingles, J. A.","Grisham, William Steele, 1824-1878","Hayne, Isaac W. (Isaac William), 1809-1880","Shingler, William Pinkney, Colonel, 1827-1869","Mercer, Hugh W. (Hugh Weedon), 1808-1877","Ferrill, John O.","Damas, C.A.D.","Jordan, Thomas, 1819-1895","Lamar, L. Q. C. (Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus), 1825-1893","Kearny, E., A.A.A.G. (Acting Assistant Adjutant General)","Fender, William M., 1833-1870","Steedly, Moses, 1824-deceased","Steedly, E.","Stokes, Jefferson, 1829-1902","Hunter, J. W.","Smith, Clifton H. (Clifton Hewitt), 1841-1902","Jeffords, Robert J. (Robert Josiah), 1834-1864","Carlisle, W. H. (William Henry), b. 1819","Waters, Philama B., b. ca.1812","Talley, W. H. (William H.), b. ca. 1836","Abner, Wilson","Villani, Giovanni, ca.1275-1348","Edward, III, King of England, 1312-1377","Mercer, George, Private","Brown, Joseph M.","Gilchrist, B. C., AA General","Vaus, Richard","Vaus, William","South Carolina Cavalry Kirk's Squadron","Leffmann, William, b. 1836","Arthur, Benjamin Franklin, 1826-1870","Bonham, Milledge L. (Milledge Luke), 1813-1890","Bartow, Francis S. (Francis Stebbins), 1816-1861","Barksdale, William, 1821-1863","Kenan, Augustus Holmes, 1805-1870","Davis, Jefferson, 1808-1889","Benjamin, J. P. (Judah Philip), 1811-1884","Jenkins, Albert Gallatin, 1830-1864","Glover, Thomas Jefferson, 1816-1874","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["David Flavel Jamison papers, 1860/1864"],"collection_ssim":["David Flavel Jamison papers, 1860/1864"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["WLU.Coll.0056","/repositories/5/resources/38"],"unitid_tesim":["WLU.Coll.0056","/repositories/5/resources/38"],"repository_ssm":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"geogname_ssm":["South Carolina","South Carolina -- Charleston -- Fort Sumter","United States -- Confederate States of America"],"geogname_ssim":["South Carolina","South Carolina -- Charleston -- Fort Sumter","United States -- Confederate States of America"],"places_ssim":["South Carolina","South Carolina -- Charleston -- Fort Sumter","United States -- Confederate States of America"],"creator_ssm":["Keitt, Lawrence M. (Lawrence Massillon), 1824-1864","Barnwell, Robert Woodward"],"creator_ssim":["Keitt, Lawrence M. (Lawrence Massillon), 1824-1864","Barnwell, Robert Woodward"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Keitt, Lawrence M. (Lawrence Massillon), 1824-1864","Barnwell, Robert Woodward","Beauregard, G. T. (Gustave Toutant), 1818-1893","Thomas, John P., 1833-1912","Smith, Robert P.","Huguenin, Thomas Abram, 1839-1897","Pickens, F. W. (Francis Wilkinson)","Limehouse, Edward Just, 1835-1910","Pope, Joseph James, Jr.","Stevens, Peter F. (Peter Fayssoux Stevens), 1830-1910","Gist, William Henry, 1807 - 1874","Anderson, Robert, Major, 1805 - 1871","Manigault, Edward, 1817-1874","Schnierle, John, 1808 - 1861","Myers, Abraham C. (Abraham Charles Myers), 1811 - 1889","Barnwell, Robert Woodward, 1801-1882","DeSaussure, Wilmot G. (Wilmot Gibbes), 1822-1886","Gwynn, Walter, 1802-1882","Pettigrew, James Johnston, 1828-1863","Easterly, John M.","Rivers, Constant Henry, Lieutenant Colonel, 1828-1900","Hayne, Paul Hamilton, 1830-1886","Hernandez, James. J.","Magrath, A. G. (Andrew Gordon), 1813-1893","Memminger, C. G. (Christopher Gustavus), 1803-1888","Dunovant, R. G. M. (Richard Gill Mills), 1821-1898","Burnett Rhett, Andrew, 1833-1879","Burnett, Burgh S.","Manget, Victor H., 1837-1919","Branch, John Luther, 1825-1894","Pickens, F.W. (Francis Wilkinson), 1805-1869","Camden, John","Spratt, L.W. (Leonidas William), 1818-1903","D. B. Vincent","Simonton, Charles H. (Charles Henry), 1829-1904","Mills, S. S.","Branham, W. H.","Simons, James, 1813-1879","Ripley, R. S. (Roswell Sabine), 1823-1887","Dozier, William Gaillard, 1833-1908","Cunningham, John, 1805-1869","Carter, W. D.","Aldrich, N., Reverend","King, Henry Campbell, 1819-1862","Pope, Joseph James, Jr., 1825-1870","Gist, States Rights, 1831-1864","Meyerhoff, B., Lieutenant","White, E. B. (Edward Brickell), 1806-1882","McLaws, Lafayette, 1821-1897","Trapier, James H., 1815-1865","Jamison, Sander Glover, 1830-1900","Ferguson, Thomas B., 1841-1922","Rose, James","Foster, John G. (John Gray), 1823-1874","Walter, George H.","Orr, James Lawrence, 1822-1873","Parrott, R. P. (Robert Parker), 1804-1877","Gibbon, John, 1827-1896","Clay, C. C. (Clement Claiborne), 1816-1882","Lynah, Arthur M.","Lesesne, Henry Deas, 1810-1886","Heyward, Nathaniel Barnwell, 1816-1891","Short, Emanuel","Guard, A.C.","Bryan, Edward B.","Vanderhorst, Louis M., 1832-1864","Martin, William E.","Screven, John H., 1823-1903","Capers, Francis W., 1819-1896","Hamilton, James","Farley, H. S.","Yates, Joseph A.","Gourdin, Robert N., 1812-1894","Macbeth, Charles, 1805-1881","Rice, Henry M. (Henry Mower), 1816-1894","Chesnut, James, 1815-1885","Baker, Edward Dickinson, 1811-1861","Quinn, Thomas, 1828-1903","Quinn, Patrick, 1822-1886","Brady, Edward W., Jr.","Davega, Columbus, 1830-1882","de Treville, Richard, Sr., 1801-1874","Cooper, Samuel, 1798-1876","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","Hardee, William Joseph, 1815-1873","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868","Henning, Norman Phillip","Daggett, Thomas West, Captain, 1828-1893","Litchfield, John L., Captain","Austin, Charles","Harllee, W. W. (William Wallace), 1812-1897","Manigault, Gabriel E. (Gabriel Edward), 1833-1899","Lynch, Arthur M.","Crawford, Samuel Wylie, 1827-1892","Lafar, John J., 1797-1873","Martin, Robert","Hagood, Johnson, 1829-1898","Lee, Francis D., 1826-1885","Glaze, William, 1815-1883","Henerey, William S.","Cameron, Archibald, 1813-1881","Lynch, Thomas M.","Hall, Norman J., 1842-1867","Gregg, Maxcy, 1814-1862","Rooney, M. E.","Washington, L. Quinton","Wigfall, Louis T. (Louis Trezevant), 1816-1874","Barbot, Anthony, 1834-1882","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865","Seward, William H. (William Henry), 1801-1872","Sherman, John, 1823-1900","Alston, Thomas Pinckney, 1795-1861","Kaminski, Heiman, 1839-1923","Norman, J. H. (James Henry), 1829-1877","Rion, James H. (James Henry), 1828-1886","Macbeth, E. W.","Capers, Ellison, 1837-1908","Thomas, Captain","Arthur, B. F. (Benjamin Franklin), Sr., 1826-1870","Perryman, W. W. (William W.), 1831-1891","Brooks, John Hampden, Captain, 1833-1911","Pundt, J. M.","Dupont, John","Melchers, Alexander, 1831-1885","Small, Jacob, Captain","Heinrich, Harms, 1833-1869","Rutledge, Benjamin Huger, 1828-1893","Evans, Nathan George, 1824-1868","Pressley, John G. (John Gotea), 1833-1895","Doubleday, Abner, 1819-1893","Walker, Joseph, 1835-1902","South Carolina Seccession Convention","Simms, William Gilmore, 1806-1870","Porter, Wm. D. (William Dennison), 1810-1883","Valentine, Jacob","Blanding, William D., 1818-1888","Bennett, J.","Motte Alston Pringle, Jacob, 1827-1886","Robertson, Louis F.","North, Edward","Moses, H.","Colcock, William Ferguson, 1804-1889","Cunningham, John","Martin, William Edward, 1815-1869","Wardlaw, David Lewis, 1799-1873","Dunkin, Benjamin Faneuil, 1792-1874","Rhett, Robert Barnwell, 1800-1876","Ingles, J. A.","Grisham, William Steele, 1824-1878","Hayne, Isaac W. (Isaac William), 1809-1880","Shingler, William Pinkney, Colonel, 1827-1869","Mercer, Hugh W. (Hugh Weedon), 1808-1877","Ferrill, John O.","Damas, C.A.D.","Jordan, Thomas, 1819-1895","Lamar, L. Q. C. (Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus), 1825-1893","Kearny, E., A.A.A.G. (Acting Assistant Adjutant General)","Fender, William M., 1833-1870","Steedly, Moses, 1824-deceased","Steedly, E.","Stokes, Jefferson, 1829-1902","Hunter, J. W.","Smith, Clifton H. (Clifton Hewitt), 1841-1902","Jeffords, Robert J. (Robert Josiah), 1834-1864","Carlisle, W. H. (William Henry), b. 1819","Waters, Philama B., b. ca.1812","Talley, W. H. (William H.), b. ca. 1836","Abner, Wilson","Villani, Giovanni, ca.1275-1348","Edward, III, King of England, 1312-1377","Mercer, George, Private","Brown, Joseph M.","Gilchrist, B. C., AA General","Vaus, Richard","Vaus, William","South Carolina Cavalry Kirk's Squadron","Leffmann, William, b. 1836","Arthur, Benjamin Franklin, 1826-1870","Bonham, Milledge L. (Milledge Luke), 1813-1890","Bartow, Francis S. (Francis Stebbins), 1816-1861","Barksdale, William, 1821-1863","Kenan, Augustus Holmes, 1805-1870","Davis, Jefferson, 1808-1889","Benjamin, J. P. (Judah Philip), 1811-1884","Jenkins, Albert Gallatin, 1830-1864","Glover, Thomas Jefferson, 1816-1874"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Confederate States of America","Citadel. the Military College of South Carolina","South Carolina--Charleston County","South Carolina--Charleston--Fort Sumter","South Carolina--Charleston--Castle Pinckney","South Carolina--Morris Island","South Carolina--Fort Johnson","South Carolina--Summerville","United States. Army. South Carolina Regiment","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 2nd","Confederate States of America. South Carolina Artillery Regiment, 1st.. Lafayette Artillery Company","Fort Palmetto","South Carolina--Orangeburg County","South Carolina--Columbia","South Carolina--Fort Moultrie","Arsenal Academy (Columbia, S.C.)","Louisiana--New Orleans","South Carolina--Charleston Harbor","South Carolina--Charleston","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 1st. Irish Volunteers","Planter's Hotel","Georgia Military Institute (Marietta, Ga.)","State Rights and Free Trade Party (S.C.)","Mississippi--Jackson","National Hotel (Washington, D.C.)","Morris Island Lighthouse (S.C.)","Vigilant Rifle Company (1860-1861)","Charleston (South Carolina) German Artillery","Washington Light Infantry (Charleston, S.C.)","Atlantic Ocean--Stono Inlet","Georgia--Macon","Nullification (States' rights)","South Carolina--James Island","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 4th","White Point Garden","South Carolina--Folly Island (Island)","South Carolina--Cummings Point","South Carolina Militia. Regiment, Thirty-third","South Carolina--Sullivans Island","Washington (South Carolina) Artillery","Alabama--Tuscaloosa","West Point Foundry Association","Washington (D.C.)","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Regiment of Rifles, 1st. Company G","Schooner Petrel","Lightship Rattlesnake Shoal","Floating batteries","Siege of Sevastopol' (Sevastopol', Ukraine : 1854-1855)","South Carolina. Militia","South Carolina. General Assembley","Confederate States of America. War Department","Alabama--Montgomery","American Civil War (United States : 1861-1865)","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 10th","South Carolina--Georgetown","South Carolina--Santee River","South Carolina--Murrells Inlet Region","Waccamaw Light Artillery","South Carolina--Little River","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 7th","South Carolina--Mars Bluff","South Carolina--Florence","South Carolina--Richmond","North Carolina--Wilmington","Confederate States of America. Ordnance Bureau","Parrott gun","Washington Fire Company","German Rifle Company","Virginia--Richmond","Tredegar Iron Works (Richmond, Va)","J. M. Eason \u0026 Brother","Atlantic Ocean--Winyah Bay","Palmetto Armory","South Carolina--Beaufort","Lufburrow and Timmons co.","R\u0026J Lacklison","A. N. Miller","Linville \u0026 Smedley","Watervilet Arsenal","U. S. Arsenal","South Carolina--State Arsenal","South Carolina Coast Police","Virginia--Petersburg","Coles Island","Florida--Pensacola","Hazard Powder Company","Charleston Arsenal","Schooner Stowell Cobb","Schooner Helene","Schooner William Aiken","General Clinch (Ship)","Steam Tug Aid","Catawba (ship)","United States. Army. South Carolina Volunteers, 1st (1862-1864)","Illinois--Springfield","\"House Divided\" speech","Indiana--Indianapolis","Lincoln's Indiannapolis speech","United States--New York Harbor","Florida--Fort Pickens","Pawnee (Ship)","Philadelphia Naval Shipyard (Philadelphia, Pa.)","First inauguration of Abraham Lincoln","North Carolina--Fort Anderson","Virginia--Alexandria","North Island Redoubt","South Carolina--North Island","Brooks Guard","South Carolina--Winnsboro","Charleston Floating Battery","South Carolina. Constitutional Convention","South Carolina Seccession Convention","South Carolina--Breach Inlet","South Carolina--Coles Island","Battery Island","South Carolina--Mount Pleasant","South Carolina. Militia. Regiment, Fifth","Confederate States of America. Army. Corps of Engineers","Maryland--Baltimore","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 9th","Palmetto Riflemen","South Carolina--Secessionville","South Carolina--Myrtle Beach","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Regiment of Rifles, 1st","R \u0026 A.P. Caldwell","J. Campsen \u0026 Co.","Ordnance of Secession","South Carolina--Colleton County","Mexican War (1846-1848)","Battle of Churubusco (Mexico City, Mexico: 1847)","Pennsylvania--Philadelphia","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 17th","South Carolina. General Assembly","Bank of the State of South Carolina","South Carolina--Burwood Plantation","South Carolina--Edgefield","South Carolina--Chelsea","South Carolina","South Carolina--Camp Williams","Georgia--Savannah","CSA Military Court (district of South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida)","South Carolina--Barnwell County","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Cavalry Regiment, 5th","Morgan's Squadron","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Cavalry Regiment, 5th. Company I . Tiler's/Tyler's  Company","South Carolina--McClellanville","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 21st","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 27th","Battle of Crécy (Crécy-en-Ponthieu, France : 1346)","Confederate States of America. Army. Cavalry","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 25th","Confederate States of America. Army. Georgia Light Artillery Battalion, 12th","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 23rd","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry, 22nd","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Battalion, 7th","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Cavalry Regiment, 4th","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Artillery Battalion, 15th (Lucas' Battalion)","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 26th","Gist Guard Light Artillery","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Palmetto Light Artillery.","Santee Light Artillery","Confederate States of America. Congress.","Confederate Articles of War","Confederate States of America. Army. Georgia Infantry Regiment, 47th","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Cavalry, 1st","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry. Reserve Battalion, Ward's","Confederate States of America. South Carolina Artillery Regiment, 2nd.","Vanderhorst Street, Charleston, SC","Confederate States of America. Provisional Congress","Gist Rifles","Confederate States of America. Army. Hampton Legion","Confederate States of America. Army. Gary's Brigade"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Washington Family"],"creators_ssim":["Keitt, Lawrence M. (Lawrence Massillon), 1824-1864","Barnwell, Robert Woodward","Beauregard, G. T. (Gustave Toutant), 1818-1893","Thomas, John P., 1833-1912","Smith, Robert P.","Huguenin, Thomas Abram, 1839-1897","Pickens, F. W. (Francis Wilkinson)","Limehouse, Edward Just, 1835-1910","Pope, Joseph James, Jr.","Stevens, Peter F. (Peter Fayssoux Stevens), 1830-1910","Gist, William Henry, 1807 - 1874","Anderson, Robert, Major, 1805 - 1871","Manigault, Edward, 1817-1874","Schnierle, John, 1808 - 1861","Myers, Abraham C. (Abraham Charles Myers), 1811 - 1889","Barnwell, Robert Woodward, 1801-1882","DeSaussure, Wilmot G. (Wilmot Gibbes), 1822-1886","Gwynn, Walter, 1802-1882","Pettigrew, James Johnston, 1828-1863","Easterly, John M.","Rivers, Constant Henry, Lieutenant Colonel, 1828-1900","Hayne, Paul Hamilton, 1830-1886","Hernandez, James. J.","Magrath, A. G. (Andrew Gordon), 1813-1893","Memminger, C. G. (Christopher Gustavus), 1803-1888","Dunovant, R. G. M. (Richard Gill Mills), 1821-1898","Burnett Rhett, Andrew, 1833-1879","Burnett, Burgh S.","Manget, Victor H., 1837-1919","Branch, John Luther, 1825-1894","Pickens, F.W. (Francis Wilkinson), 1805-1869","Camden, John","Spratt, L.W. (Leonidas William), 1818-1903","D. B. Vincent","Simonton, Charles H. (Charles Henry), 1829-1904","Mills, S. S.","Branham, W. H.","Simons, James, 1813-1879","Ripley, R. S. (Roswell Sabine), 1823-1887","Dozier, William Gaillard, 1833-1908","Cunningham, John, 1805-1869","Carter, W. D.","Aldrich, N., Reverend","King, Henry Campbell, 1819-1862","Pope, Joseph James, Jr., 1825-1870","Gist, States Rights, 1831-1864","Meyerhoff, B., Lieutenant","White, E. B. (Edward Brickell), 1806-1882","McLaws, Lafayette, 1821-1897","Trapier, James H., 1815-1865","Jamison, Sander Glover, 1830-1900","Ferguson, Thomas B., 1841-1922","Rose, James","Foster, John G. (John Gray), 1823-1874","Walter, George H.","Orr, James Lawrence, 1822-1873","Parrott, R. P. (Robert Parker), 1804-1877","Gibbon, John, 1827-1896","Clay, C. C. (Clement Claiborne), 1816-1882","Lynah, Arthur M.","Lesesne, Henry Deas, 1810-1886","Heyward, Nathaniel Barnwell, 1816-1891","Short, Emanuel","Guard, A.C.","Bryan, Edward B.","Vanderhorst, Louis M., 1832-1864","Martin, William E.","Screven, John H., 1823-1903","Capers, Francis W., 1819-1896","Hamilton, James","Farley, H. S.","Yates, Joseph A.","Gourdin, Robert N., 1812-1894","Macbeth, Charles, 1805-1881","Rice, Henry M. (Henry Mower), 1816-1894","Chesnut, James, 1815-1885","Baker, Edward Dickinson, 1811-1861","Quinn, Thomas, 1828-1903","Quinn, Patrick, 1822-1886","Brady, Edward W., Jr.","Davega, Columbus, 1830-1882","de Treville, Richard, Sr., 1801-1874","Cooper, Samuel, 1798-1876","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","Hardee, William Joseph, 1815-1873","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868","Henning, Norman Phillip","Daggett, Thomas West, Captain, 1828-1893","Litchfield, John L., Captain","Austin, Charles","Harllee, W. W. (William Wallace), 1812-1897","Manigault, Gabriel E. (Gabriel Edward), 1833-1899","Lynch, Arthur M.","Crawford, Samuel Wylie, 1827-1892","Lafar, John J., 1797-1873","Martin, Robert","Hagood, Johnson, 1829-1898","Lee, Francis D., 1826-1885","Glaze, William, 1815-1883","Henerey, William S.","Cameron, Archibald, 1813-1881","Lynch, Thomas M.","Hall, Norman J., 1842-1867","Gregg, Maxcy, 1814-1862","Rooney, M. E.","Washington, L. Quinton","Wigfall, Louis T. (Louis Trezevant), 1816-1874","Barbot, Anthony, 1834-1882","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865","Seward, William H. (William Henry), 1801-1872","Sherman, John, 1823-1900","Alston, Thomas Pinckney, 1795-1861","Kaminski, Heiman, 1839-1923","Norman, J. H. (James Henry), 1829-1877","Rion, James H. (James Henry), 1828-1886","Macbeth, E. W.","Capers, Ellison, 1837-1908","Thomas, Captain","Arthur, B. F. (Benjamin Franklin), Sr., 1826-1870","Perryman, W. W. (William W.), 1831-1891","Brooks, John Hampden, Captain, 1833-1911","Pundt, J. M.","Dupont, John","Melchers, Alexander, 1831-1885","Small, Jacob, Captain","Heinrich, Harms, 1833-1869","Rutledge, Benjamin Huger, 1828-1893","Evans, Nathan George, 1824-1868","Pressley, John G. (John Gotea), 1833-1895","Doubleday, Abner, 1819-1893","Walker, Joseph, 1835-1902","South Carolina Seccession Convention","Simms, William Gilmore, 1806-1870","Porter, Wm. D. (William Dennison), 1810-1883","Valentine, Jacob","Blanding, William D., 1818-1888","Bennett, J.","Motte Alston Pringle, Jacob, 1827-1886","Robertson, Louis F.","North, Edward","Moses, H.","Colcock, William Ferguson, 1804-1889","Cunningham, John","Martin, William Edward, 1815-1869","Wardlaw, David Lewis, 1799-1873","Dunkin, Benjamin Faneuil, 1792-1874","Rhett, Robert Barnwell, 1800-1876","Ingles, J. A.","Grisham, William Steele, 1824-1878","Hayne, Isaac W. (Isaac William), 1809-1880","Shingler, William Pinkney, Colonel, 1827-1869","Mercer, Hugh W. (Hugh Weedon), 1808-1877","Ferrill, John O.","Damas, C.A.D.","Jordan, Thomas, 1819-1895","Lamar, L. Q. C. (Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus), 1825-1893","Kearny, E., A.A.A.G. (Acting Assistant Adjutant General)","Fender, William M., 1833-1870","Steedly, Moses, 1824-deceased","Steedly, E.","Stokes, Jefferson, 1829-1902","Hunter, J. W.","Smith, Clifton H. (Clifton Hewitt), 1841-1902","Jeffords, Robert J. (Robert Josiah), 1834-1864","Carlisle, W. H. (William Henry), b. 1819","Waters, Philama B., b. ca.1812","Talley, W. H. (William H.), b. ca. 1836","Abner, Wilson","Villani, Giovanni, ca.1275-1348","Edward, III, King of England, 1312-1377","Mercer, George, Private","Brown, Joseph M.","Gilchrist, B. C., AA General","Vaus, Richard","Vaus, William","South Carolina Cavalry Kirk's Squadron","Leffmann, William, b. 1836","Arthur, Benjamin Franklin, 1826-1870","Bonham, Milledge L. (Milledge Luke), 1813-1890","Bartow, Francis S. (Francis Stebbins), 1816-1861","Barksdale, William, 1821-1863","Kenan, Augustus Holmes, 1805-1870","Davis, Jefferson, 1808-1889","Benjamin, J. P. (Judah Philip), 1811-1884","Jenkins, Albert Gallatin, 1830-1864","Glover, Thomas Jefferson, 1816-1874","Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Confederate States of America","Citadel. the Military College of South Carolina","South Carolina--Charleston County","South Carolina--Charleston--Fort Sumter","South Carolina--Charleston--Castle Pinckney","South Carolina--Morris Island","South Carolina--Fort Johnson","South Carolina--Summerville","United States. Army. South Carolina Regiment","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 2nd","Confederate States of America. South Carolina Artillery Regiment, 1st.. Lafayette Artillery Company","Fort Palmetto","South Carolina--Orangeburg County","South Carolina--Columbia","South Carolina--Fort Moultrie","Arsenal Academy (Columbia, S.C.)","Louisiana--New Orleans","South Carolina--Charleston Harbor","South Carolina--Charleston","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 1st. Irish Volunteers","Planter's Hotel","Georgia Military Institute (Marietta, Ga.)","State Rights and Free Trade Party (S.C.)","Mississippi--Jackson","National Hotel (Washington, D.C.)","Morris Island Lighthouse (S.C.)","Vigilant Rifle Company (1860-1861)","Charleston (South Carolina) German Artillery","Washington Light Infantry (Charleston, S.C.)","Atlantic Ocean--Stono Inlet","Georgia--Macon","Nullification (States' rights)","South Carolina--James Island","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 4th","White Point Garden","South Carolina--Folly Island (Island)","South Carolina--Cummings Point","South Carolina Militia. Regiment, Thirty-third","South Carolina--Sullivans Island","Washington (South Carolina) Artillery","Alabama--Tuscaloosa","West Point Foundry Association","Washington (D.C.)","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Regiment of Rifles, 1st. Company G","Schooner Petrel","Lightship Rattlesnake Shoal","Floating batteries","Siege of Sevastopol' (Sevastopol', Ukraine : 1854-1855)","South Carolina. Militia","South Carolina. General Assembley","Confederate States of America. War Department","Alabama--Montgomery","American Civil War (United States : 1861-1865)","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 10th","South Carolina--Georgetown","South Carolina--Santee River","South Carolina--Murrells Inlet Region","Waccamaw Light Artillery","South Carolina--Little River","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 7th","South Carolina--Mars Bluff","South Carolina--Florence","South Carolina--Richmond","North Carolina--Wilmington","Confederate States of America. Ordnance Bureau","Parrott gun","Washington Fire Company","German Rifle Company","Virginia--Richmond","Tredegar Iron Works (Richmond, Va)","J. M. Eason \u0026 Brother","Atlantic Ocean--Winyah Bay","Palmetto Armory","South Carolina--Beaufort","Lufburrow and Timmons co.","R\u0026J Lacklison","A. N. Miller","Linville \u0026 Smedley","Watervilet Arsenal","U. S. Arsenal","South Carolina--State Arsenal","South Carolina Coast Police","Virginia--Petersburg","Coles Island","Florida--Pensacola","Hazard Powder Company","Charleston Arsenal","Schooner Stowell Cobb","Schooner Helene","Schooner William Aiken","General Clinch (Ship)","Steam Tug Aid","Catawba (ship)","United States. Army. South Carolina Volunteers, 1st (1862-1864)","Illinois--Springfield","\"House Divided\" speech","Indiana--Indianapolis","Lincoln's Indiannapolis speech","United States--New York Harbor","Florida--Fort Pickens","Pawnee (Ship)","Philadelphia Naval Shipyard (Philadelphia, Pa.)","First inauguration of Abraham Lincoln","North Carolina--Fort Anderson","Virginia--Alexandria","North Island Redoubt","South Carolina--North Island","Brooks Guard","South Carolina--Winnsboro","Charleston Floating Battery","South Carolina. Constitutional Convention","South Carolina Seccession Convention","South Carolina--Breach Inlet","South Carolina--Coles Island","Battery Island","South Carolina--Mount Pleasant","South Carolina. Militia. Regiment, Fifth","Confederate States of America. Army. Corps of Engineers","Maryland--Baltimore","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 9th","Palmetto Riflemen","South Carolina--Secessionville","South Carolina--Myrtle Beach","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Regiment of Rifles, 1st","R \u0026 A.P. Caldwell","J. Campsen \u0026 Co.","Ordnance of Secession","South Carolina--Colleton County","Mexican War (1846-1848)","Battle of Churubusco (Mexico City, Mexico: 1847)","Pennsylvania--Philadelphia","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 17th","South Carolina. General Assembly","Bank of the State of South Carolina","South Carolina--Burwood Plantation","South Carolina--Edgefield","South Carolina--Chelsea","South Carolina","South Carolina--Camp Williams","Georgia--Savannah","CSA Military Court (district of South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida)","South Carolina--Barnwell County","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Cavalry Regiment, 5th","Morgan's Squadron","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Cavalry Regiment, 5th. Company I . Tiler's/Tyler's  Company","South Carolina--McClellanville","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 21st","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 27th","Battle of Crécy (Crécy-en-Ponthieu, France : 1346)","Confederate States of America. Army. Cavalry","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 25th","Confederate States of America. Army. Georgia Light Artillery Battalion, 12th","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 23rd","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry, 22nd","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Battalion, 7th","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Cavalry Regiment, 4th","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Artillery Battalion, 15th (Lucas' Battalion)","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 26th","Gist Guard Light Artillery","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Palmetto Light Artillery.","Santee Light Artillery","Confederate States of America. Congress.","Confederate Articles of War","Confederate States of America. Army. Georgia Infantry Regiment, 47th","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Cavalry, 1st","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry. Reserve Battalion, Ward's","Confederate States of America. South Carolina Artillery Regiment, 2nd.","Vanderhorst Street, Charleston, SC","Confederate States of America. Provisional Congress","Gist Rifles","Confederate States of America. Army. Hampton Legion","Confederate States of America. Army. Gary's Brigade","Washington Family"],"access_terms_ssm":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased from Vanse W. Marshall in 1928."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Political science","Correspondence","Secession","Military courts"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Political science","Correspondence","Secession","Military courts"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["125 Item 1 Box, 10 folders"],"extent_tesim":["125 Item 1 Box, 10 folders"],"date_range_isim":[1860,1861,1862,1863,1864],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], David Flavel Jamison Papers, WLU Coll. 0056, Special Collections, Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA.\u003cp\u003eIn some cases the citation format may vary. Please contact Special Collections staff to verify the appropriate format.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], David Flavel Jamison Papers, WLU Coll. 0056, Special Collections, Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA.In some cases the citation format may vary. Please contact Special Collections staff to verify the appropriate format."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes correspondence while Jamison was Secretary of War of South Carolina, 1861; scattered letters and papers pertaining to the South Carolina Secession Convention of which he was president, and papers related to his tenure as presiding judge of the military court of Gen. Beauregard's Corps, 1862-1864.  Robert Woodward Barnwell and Lawrence Massillon Keitt are among the correspondents.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection includes correspondence while Jamison was Secretary of War of South Carolina, 1861; scattered letters and papers pertaining to the South Carolina Secession Convention of which he was president, and papers related to his tenure as presiding judge of the military court of Gen. Beauregard's Corps, 1862-1864.  Robert Woodward Barnwell and Lawrence Massillon Keitt are among the correspondents."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Confederate States of America","Citadel. the Military College of South Carolina","South Carolina--Charleston County","South Carolina--Charleston--Fort Sumter","South Carolina--Charleston--Castle Pinckney","South Carolina--Morris Island","South Carolina--Fort Johnson","South Carolina--Summerville","United States. Army. South Carolina Regiment","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 2nd","Confederate States of America. South Carolina Artillery Regiment, 1st.. Lafayette Artillery Company","Fort Palmetto","South Carolina--Orangeburg County","South Carolina--Columbia","South Carolina--Fort Moultrie","Arsenal Academy (Columbia, S.C.)","Louisiana--New Orleans","South Carolina--Charleston Harbor","South Carolina--Charleston","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 1st. Irish Volunteers","Planter's Hotel","Georgia Military Institute (Marietta, Ga.)","State Rights and Free Trade Party (S.C.)","Mississippi--Jackson","National Hotel (Washington, D.C.)","Morris Island Lighthouse (S.C.)","Vigilant Rifle Company (1860-1861)","Charleston (South Carolina) German Artillery","Washington Light Infantry (Charleston, S.C.)","Atlantic Ocean--Stono Inlet","Georgia--Macon","Nullification (States' rights)","South Carolina--James Island","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 4th","White Point Garden","South Carolina--Folly Island (Island)","South Carolina--Cummings Point","South Carolina Militia. Regiment, Thirty-third","South Carolina--Sullivans Island","Washington (South Carolina) Artillery","Alabama--Tuscaloosa","West Point Foundry Association","Washington (D.C.)","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Regiment of Rifles, 1st. Company G","Schooner Petrel","Lightship Rattlesnake Shoal","Floating batteries","Siege of Sevastopol' (Sevastopol', Ukraine : 1854-1855)","South Carolina. Militia","South Carolina. General Assembley","Confederate States of America. War Department","Alabama--Montgomery","American Civil War (United States : 1861-1865)","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 10th","South Carolina--Georgetown","South Carolina--Santee River","South Carolina--Murrells Inlet Region","Waccamaw Light Artillery","South Carolina--Little River","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 7th","South Carolina--Mars Bluff","South Carolina--Florence","South Carolina--Richmond","North Carolina--Wilmington","Confederate States of America. Ordnance Bureau","Parrott gun","Washington Fire Company","German Rifle Company","Virginia--Richmond","Tredegar Iron Works (Richmond, Va)","J. M. Eason \u0026 Brother","Atlantic Ocean--Winyah Bay","Palmetto Armory","South Carolina--Beaufort","Lufburrow and Timmons co.","R\u0026J Lacklison","A. N. Miller","Linville \u0026 Smedley","Watervilet Arsenal","U. S. Arsenal","South Carolina--State Arsenal","South Carolina Coast Police","Virginia--Petersburg","Coles Island","Florida--Pensacola","Hazard Powder Company","Charleston Arsenal","Schooner Stowell Cobb","Schooner Helene","Schooner William Aiken","General Clinch (Ship)","Steam Tug Aid","Catawba (ship)","United States. Army. South Carolina Volunteers, 1st (1862-1864)","Illinois--Springfield","\"House Divided\" speech","Indiana--Indianapolis","Lincoln's Indiannapolis speech","United States--New York Harbor","Florida--Fort Pickens","Pawnee (Ship)","Philadelphia Naval Shipyard (Philadelphia, Pa.)","First inauguration of Abraham Lincoln","North Carolina--Fort Anderson","Virginia--Alexandria","North Island Redoubt","South Carolina--North Island","Brooks Guard","South Carolina--Winnsboro","Charleston Floating Battery","South Carolina. Constitutional Convention","South Carolina Seccession Convention","South Carolina--Breach Inlet","South Carolina--Coles Island","Battery Island","South Carolina--Mount Pleasant","South Carolina. Militia. Regiment, Fifth","Confederate States of America. Army. Corps of Engineers","Maryland--Baltimore","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 9th","Palmetto Riflemen","South Carolina--Secessionville","South Carolina--Myrtle Beach","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Regiment of Rifles, 1st","R \u0026 A.P. Caldwell","J. Campsen \u0026 Co.","Ordnance of Secession","South Carolina--Colleton County","Mexican War (1846-1848)","Battle of Churubusco (Mexico City, Mexico: 1847)","Pennsylvania--Philadelphia","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 17th","South Carolina. General Assembly","Bank of the State of South Carolina","South Carolina--Burwood Plantation","South Carolina--Edgefield","South Carolina--Chelsea","South Carolina","South Carolina--Camp Williams","Georgia--Savannah","CSA Military Court (district of South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida)","South Carolina--Barnwell County","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Cavalry Regiment, 5th","Morgan's Squadron","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Cavalry Regiment, 5th. Company I . Tiler's/Tyler's  Company","South Carolina--McClellanville","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 21st","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 27th","Battle of Crécy (Crécy-en-Ponthieu, France : 1346)","Confederate States of America. Army. Cavalry","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 25th","Confederate States of America. Army. Georgia Light Artillery Battalion, 12th","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 23rd","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry, 22nd","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Battalion, 7th","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Cavalry Regiment, 4th","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Artillery Battalion, 15th (Lucas' Battalion)","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 26th","Gist Guard Light Artillery","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Palmetto Light Artillery.","Santee Light Artillery","Confederate States of America. Congress.","Confederate Articles of War","Confederate States of America. Army. Georgia Infantry Regiment, 47th","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Cavalry, 1st","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry. Reserve Battalion, Ward's","Confederate States of America. South Carolina Artillery Regiment, 2nd.","Vanderhorst Street, Charleston, SC","Confederate States of America. Provisional Congress","Gist Rifles","Confederate States of America. Army. Hampton Legion","Confederate States of America. Army. Gary's Brigade"],"names_coll_ssim":["Confederate States of America","Beauregard, G. T. (Gustave Toutant), 1818-1893"],"famname_ssim":["Washington Family"],"persname_ssim":["Keitt, Lawrence M. 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(Richard Gill Mills), 1821-1898","Burnett Rhett, Andrew, 1833-1879","Burnett, Burgh S.","Manget, Victor H., 1837-1919","Branch, John Luther, 1825-1894","Pickens, F.W. (Francis Wilkinson), 1805-1869","Camden, John","Spratt, L.W. (Leonidas William), 1818-1903","D. B. Vincent","Simonton, Charles H. (Charles Henry), 1829-1904","Mills, S. S.","Branham, W. H.","Simons, James, 1813-1879","Ripley, R. S. (Roswell Sabine), 1823-1887","Dozier, William Gaillard, 1833-1908","Cunningham, John, 1805-1869","Carter, W. D.","Aldrich, N., Reverend","King, Henry Campbell, 1819-1862","Pope, Joseph James, Jr., 1825-1870","Gist, States Rights, 1831-1864","Meyerhoff, B., Lieutenant","White, E. B. (Edward Brickell), 1806-1882","McLaws, Lafayette, 1821-1897","Trapier, James H., 1815-1865","Jamison, Sander Glover, 1830-1900","Ferguson, Thomas B., 1841-1922","Rose, James","Foster, John G. (John Gray), 1823-1874","Walter, George H.","Orr, James Lawrence, 1822-1873","Parrott, R. P. (Robert Parker), 1804-1877","Gibbon, John, 1827-1896","Clay, C. C. (Clement Claiborne), 1816-1882","Lynah, Arthur M.","Lesesne, Henry Deas, 1810-1886","Heyward, Nathaniel Barnwell, 1816-1891","Short, Emanuel","Guard, A.C.","Bryan, Edward B.","Vanderhorst, Louis M., 1832-1864","Martin, William E.","Screven, John H., 1823-1903","Capers, Francis W., 1819-1896","Hamilton, James","Farley, H. S.","Yates, Joseph A.","Gourdin, Robert N., 1812-1894","Macbeth, Charles, 1805-1881","Rice, Henry M. (Henry Mower), 1816-1894","Chesnut, James, 1815-1885","Baker, Edward Dickinson, 1811-1861","Quinn, Thomas, 1828-1903","Quinn, Patrick, 1822-1886","Brady, Edward W., Jr.","Davega, Columbus, 1830-1882","de Treville, Richard, Sr., 1801-1874","Cooper, Samuel, 1798-1876","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","Hardee, William Joseph, 1815-1873","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868","Henning, Norman Phillip","Daggett, Thomas West, Captain, 1828-1893","Litchfield, John L., Captain","Austin, Charles","Harllee, W. W. (William Wallace), 1812-1897","Manigault, Gabriel E. (Gabriel Edward), 1833-1899","Lynch, Arthur M.","Crawford, Samuel Wylie, 1827-1892","Lafar, John J., 1797-1873","Martin, Robert","Hagood, Johnson, 1829-1898","Lee, Francis D., 1826-1885","Glaze, William, 1815-1883","Henerey, William S.","Cameron, Archibald, 1813-1881","Lynch, Thomas M.","Hall, Norman J., 1842-1867","Gregg, Maxcy, 1814-1862","Rooney, M. E.","Washington, L. Quinton","Wigfall, Louis T. (Louis Trezevant), 1816-1874","Barbot, Anthony, 1834-1882","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865","Seward, William H. (William Henry), 1801-1872","Sherman, John, 1823-1900","Alston, Thomas Pinckney, 1795-1861","Kaminski, Heiman, 1839-1923","Norman, J. H. (James Henry), 1829-1877","Rion, James H. (James Henry), 1828-1886","Macbeth, E. W.","Capers, Ellison, 1837-1908","Thomas, Captain","Arthur, B. F. (Benjamin Franklin), Sr., 1826-1870","Perryman, W. W. (William W.), 1831-1891","Brooks, John Hampden, Captain, 1833-1911","Pundt, J. M.","Dupont, John","Melchers, Alexander, 1831-1885","Small, Jacob, Captain","Heinrich, Harms, 1833-1869","Rutledge, Benjamin Huger, 1828-1893","Evans, Nathan George, 1824-1868","Pressley, John G. (John Gotea), 1833-1895","Doubleday, Abner, 1819-1893","Walker, Joseph, 1835-1902","South Carolina Seccession Convention","Simms, William Gilmore, 1806-1870","Porter, Wm. D. (William Dennison), 1810-1883","Valentine, Jacob","Blanding, William D., 1818-1888","Bennett, J.","Motte Alston Pringle, Jacob, 1827-1886","Robertson, Louis F.","North, Edward","Moses, H.","Colcock, William Ferguson, 1804-1889","Cunningham, John","Martin, William Edward, 1815-1869","Wardlaw, David Lewis, 1799-1873","Dunkin, Benjamin Faneuil, 1792-1874","Rhett, Robert Barnwell, 1800-1876","Ingles, J. A.","Grisham, William Steele, 1824-1878","Hayne, Isaac W. (Isaac William), 1809-1880","Shingler, William Pinkney, Colonel, 1827-1869","Mercer, Hugh W. (Hugh Weedon), 1808-1877","Ferrill, John O.","Damas, C.A.D.","Jordan, Thomas, 1819-1895","Lamar, L. Q. C. (Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus), 1825-1893","Kearny, E., A.A.A.G. (Acting Assistant Adjutant General)","Fender, William M., 1833-1870","Steedly, Moses, 1824-deceased","Steedly, E.","Stokes, Jefferson, 1829-1902","Hunter, J. W.","Smith, Clifton H. (Clifton Hewitt), 1841-1902","Jeffords, Robert J. (Robert Josiah), 1834-1864","Carlisle, W. H. (William Henry), b. 1819","Waters, Philama B., b. ca.1812","Talley, W. H. (William H.), b. ca. 1836","Abner, Wilson","Villani, Giovanni, ca.1275-1348","Edward, III, King of England, 1312-1377","Mercer, George, Private","Brown, Joseph M.","Gilchrist, B. C., AA General","Vaus, Richard","Vaus, William","South Carolina Cavalry Kirk's Squadron","Leffmann, William, b. 1836","Arthur, Benjamin Franklin, 1826-1870","Bonham, Milledge L. (Milledge Luke), 1813-1890","Bartow, Francis S. (Francis Stebbins), 1816-1861","Barksdale, William, 1821-1863","Kenan, Augustus Holmes, 1805-1870","Davis, Jefferson, 1808-1889","Benjamin, J. P. (Judah Philip), 1811-1884","Jenkins, Albert Gallatin, 1830-1864","Glover, Thomas Jefferson, 1816-1874"],"names_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Confederate States of America","Citadel. the Military College of South Carolina","South Carolina--Charleston County","South Carolina--Charleston--Fort Sumter","South Carolina--Charleston--Castle Pinckney","South Carolina--Morris Island","South Carolina--Fort Johnson","South Carolina--Summerville","United States. Army. South Carolina Regiment","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 2nd","Confederate States of America. South Carolina Artillery Regiment, 1st.. 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South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 7th","South Carolina--Mars Bluff","South Carolina--Florence","South Carolina--Richmond","North Carolina--Wilmington","Confederate States of America. Ordnance Bureau","Parrott gun","Washington Fire Company","German Rifle Company","Virginia--Richmond","Tredegar Iron Works (Richmond, Va)","J. M. Eason \u0026 Brother","Atlantic Ocean--Winyah Bay","Palmetto Armory","South Carolina--Beaufort","Lufburrow and Timmons co.","R\u0026J Lacklison","A. N. Miller","Linville \u0026 Smedley","Watervilet Arsenal","U. S. Arsenal","South Carolina--State Arsenal","South Carolina Coast Police","Virginia--Petersburg","Coles Island","Florida--Pensacola","Hazard Powder Company","Charleston Arsenal","Schooner Stowell Cobb","Schooner Helene","Schooner William Aiken","General Clinch (Ship)","Steam Tug Aid","Catawba (ship)","United States. Army. 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South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 9th","Palmetto Riflemen","South Carolina--Secessionville","South Carolina--Myrtle Beach","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Regiment of Rifles, 1st","R \u0026 A.P. Caldwell","J. Campsen \u0026 Co.","Ordnance of Secession","South Carolina--Colleton County","Mexican War (1846-1848)","Battle of Churubusco (Mexico City, Mexico: 1847)","Pennsylvania--Philadelphia","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 17th","South Carolina. General Assembly","Bank of the State of South Carolina","South Carolina--Burwood Plantation","South Carolina--Edgefield","South Carolina--Chelsea","South Carolina","South Carolina--Camp Williams","Georgia--Savannah","CSA Military Court (district of South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida)","South Carolina--Barnwell County","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Cavalry Regiment, 5th","Morgan's Squadron","Confederate States of America. Army. 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South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 26th","Gist Guard Light Artillery","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Palmetto Light Artillery.","Santee Light Artillery","Confederate States of America. Congress.","Confederate Articles of War","Confederate States of America. Army. Georgia Infantry Regiment, 47th","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Cavalry, 1st","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry. Reserve Battalion, Ward's","Confederate States of America. South Carolina Artillery Regiment, 2nd.","Vanderhorst Street, Charleston, SC","Confederate States of America. Provisional Congress","Gist Rifles","Confederate States of America. Army. Hampton Legion","Confederate States of America. Army. Gary's Brigade","Washington Family","Keitt, Lawrence M. (Lawrence Massillon), 1824-1864","Barnwell, Robert Woodward","Beauregard, G. T. 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(Richard Gill Mills), 1821-1898","Burnett Rhett, Andrew, 1833-1879","Burnett, Burgh S.","Manget, Victor H., 1837-1919","Branch, John Luther, 1825-1894","Pickens, F.W. (Francis Wilkinson), 1805-1869","Camden, John","Spratt, L.W. (Leonidas William), 1818-1903","D. B. Vincent","Simonton, Charles H. (Charles Henry), 1829-1904","Mills, S. S.","Branham, W. H.","Simons, James, 1813-1879","Ripley, R. S. (Roswell Sabine), 1823-1887","Dozier, William Gaillard, 1833-1908","Cunningham, John, 1805-1869","Carter, W. D.","Aldrich, N., Reverend","King, Henry Campbell, 1819-1862","Pope, Joseph James, Jr., 1825-1870","Gist, States Rights, 1831-1864","Meyerhoff, B., Lieutenant","White, E. B. (Edward Brickell), 1806-1882","McLaws, Lafayette, 1821-1897","Trapier, James H., 1815-1865","Jamison, Sander Glover, 1830-1900","Ferguson, Thomas B., 1841-1922","Rose, James","Foster, John G. (John Gray), 1823-1874","Walter, George H.","Orr, James Lawrence, 1822-1873","Parrott, R. P. (Robert Parker), 1804-1877","Gibbon, John, 1827-1896","Clay, C. C. (Clement Claiborne), 1816-1882","Lynah, Arthur M.","Lesesne, Henry Deas, 1810-1886","Heyward, Nathaniel Barnwell, 1816-1891","Short, Emanuel","Guard, A.C.","Bryan, Edward B.","Vanderhorst, Louis M., 1832-1864","Martin, William E.","Screven, John H., 1823-1903","Capers, Francis W., 1819-1896","Hamilton, James","Farley, H. S.","Yates, Joseph A.","Gourdin, Robert N., 1812-1894","Macbeth, Charles, 1805-1881","Rice, Henry M. (Henry Mower), 1816-1894","Chesnut, James, 1815-1885","Baker, Edward Dickinson, 1811-1861","Quinn, Thomas, 1828-1903","Quinn, Patrick, 1822-1886","Brady, Edward W., Jr.","Davega, Columbus, 1830-1882","de Treville, Richard, Sr., 1801-1874","Cooper, Samuel, 1798-1876","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","Hardee, William Joseph, 1815-1873","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868","Henning, Norman Phillip","Daggett, Thomas West, Captain, 1828-1893","Litchfield, John L., Captain","Austin, Charles","Harllee, W. W. (William Wallace), 1812-1897","Manigault, Gabriel E. (Gabriel Edward), 1833-1899","Lynch, Arthur M.","Crawford, Samuel Wylie, 1827-1892","Lafar, John J., 1797-1873","Martin, Robert","Hagood, Johnson, 1829-1898","Lee, Francis D., 1826-1885","Glaze, William, 1815-1883","Henerey, William S.","Cameron, Archibald, 1813-1881","Lynch, Thomas M.","Hall, Norman J., 1842-1867","Gregg, Maxcy, 1814-1862","Rooney, M. E.","Washington, L. Quinton","Wigfall, Louis T. (Louis Trezevant), 1816-1874","Barbot, Anthony, 1834-1882","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865","Seward, William H. (William Henry), 1801-1872","Sherman, John, 1823-1900","Alston, Thomas Pinckney, 1795-1861","Kaminski, Heiman, 1839-1923","Norman, J. H. (James Henry), 1829-1877","Rion, James H. (James Henry), 1828-1886","Macbeth, E. W.","Capers, Ellison, 1837-1908","Thomas, Captain","Arthur, B. F. (Benjamin Franklin), Sr., 1826-1870","Perryman, W. W. (William W.), 1831-1891","Brooks, John Hampden, Captain, 1833-1911","Pundt, J. M.","Dupont, John","Melchers, Alexander, 1831-1885","Small, Jacob, Captain","Heinrich, Harms, 1833-1869","Rutledge, Benjamin Huger, 1828-1893","Evans, Nathan George, 1824-1868","Pressley, John G. (John Gotea), 1833-1895","Doubleday, Abner, 1819-1893","Walker, Joseph, 1835-1902","Simms, William Gilmore, 1806-1870","Porter, Wm. D. (William Dennison), 1810-1883","Valentine, Jacob","Blanding, William D., 1818-1888","Bennett, J.","Motte Alston Pringle, Jacob, 1827-1886","Robertson, Louis F.","North, Edward","Moses, H.","Colcock, William Ferguson, 1804-1889","Cunningham, John","Martin, William Edward, 1815-1869","Wardlaw, David Lewis, 1799-1873","Dunkin, Benjamin Faneuil, 1792-1874","Rhett, Robert Barnwell, 1800-1876","Ingles, J. A.","Grisham, William Steele, 1824-1878","Hayne, Isaac W. (Isaac William), 1809-1880","Shingler, William Pinkney, Colonel, 1827-1869","Mercer, Hugh W. (Hugh Weedon), 1808-1877","Ferrill, John O.","Damas, C.A.D.","Jordan, Thomas, 1819-1895","Lamar, L. Q. C. (Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus), 1825-1893","Kearny, E., A.A.A.G. (Acting Assistant Adjutant General)","Fender, William M., 1833-1870","Steedly, Moses, 1824-deceased","Steedly, E.","Stokes, Jefferson, 1829-1902","Hunter, J. W.","Smith, Clifton H. (Clifton Hewitt), 1841-1902","Jeffords, Robert J. (Robert Josiah), 1834-1864","Carlisle, W. H. (William Henry), b. 1819","Waters, Philama B., b. ca.1812","Talley, W. H. (William H.), b. ca. 1836","Abner, Wilson","Villani, Giovanni, ca.1275-1348","Edward, III, King of England, 1312-1377","Mercer, George, Private","Brown, Joseph M.","Gilchrist, B. C., AA General","Vaus, Richard","Vaus, William","South Carolina Cavalry Kirk's Squadron","Leffmann, William, b. 1836","Arthur, Benjamin Franklin, 1826-1870","Bonham, Milledge L. (Milledge Luke), 1813-1890","Bartow, Francis S. (Francis Stebbins), 1816-1861","Barksdale, William, 1821-1863","Kenan, Augustus Holmes, 1805-1870","Davis, Jefferson, 1808-1889","Benjamin, J. P. (Judah Philip), 1811-1884","Jenkins, Albert Gallatin, 1830-1864","Glover, Thomas Jefferson, 1816-1874"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":10,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:24:25.803Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_38","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_38","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_38","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_38","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WLU/repositories_5_resources_38.xml","title_ssm":["David Flavel Jamison papers"],"title_tesim":["David Flavel Jamison papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["Inclusive 1860-1864"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Inclusive 1860-1864"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1860/1864"],"normalized_title_ssm":["David Flavel Jamison papers, 1860/1864"],"text":["David Flavel Jamison papers, 1860/1864","WLU.Coll.0056","/repositories/5/resources/38","South Carolina","South Carolina -- Charleston -- Fort Sumter","United States -- Confederate States of America","Political science","Correspondence","Secession","Military courts","The collection is open for research use.","This collection includes correspondence while Jamison was Secretary of War of South Carolina, 1861; scattered letters and papers pertaining to the South Carolina Secession Convention of which he was president, and papers related to his tenure as presiding judge of the military court of Gen. Beauregard's Corps, 1862-1864.  Robert Woodward Barnwell and Lawrence Massillon Keitt are among the correspondents.","The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.","Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Confederate States of America","Citadel. the Military College of South Carolina","South Carolina--Charleston County","South Carolina--Charleston--Fort Sumter","South Carolina--Charleston--Castle Pinckney","South Carolina--Morris Island","South Carolina--Fort Johnson","South Carolina--Summerville","United States. Army. South Carolina Regiment","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 2nd","Confederate States of America. South Carolina Artillery Regiment, 1st.. Lafayette Artillery Company","Fort Palmetto","South Carolina--Orangeburg County","South Carolina--Columbia","South Carolina--Fort Moultrie","Arsenal Academy (Columbia, S.C.)","Louisiana--New Orleans","South Carolina--Charleston Harbor","South Carolina--Charleston","Confederate States of America. 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M.","Dupont, John","Melchers, Alexander, 1831-1885","Small, Jacob, Captain","Heinrich, Harms, 1833-1869","Rutledge, Benjamin Huger, 1828-1893","Evans, Nathan George, 1824-1868","Pressley, John G. (John Gotea), 1833-1895","Doubleday, Abner, 1819-1893","Walker, Joseph, 1835-1902","Simms, William Gilmore, 1806-1870","Porter, Wm. D. (William Dennison), 1810-1883","Valentine, Jacob","Blanding, William D., 1818-1888","Bennett, J.","Motte Alston Pringle, Jacob, 1827-1886","Robertson, Louis F.","North, Edward","Moses, H.","Colcock, William Ferguson, 1804-1889","Cunningham, John","Martin, William Edward, 1815-1869","Wardlaw, David Lewis, 1799-1873","Dunkin, Benjamin Faneuil, 1792-1874","Rhett, Robert Barnwell, 1800-1876","Ingles, J. A.","Grisham, William Steele, 1824-1878","Hayne, Isaac W. (Isaac William), 1809-1880","Shingler, William Pinkney, Colonel, 1827-1869","Mercer, Hugh W. (Hugh Weedon), 1808-1877","Ferrill, John O.","Damas, C.A.D.","Jordan, Thomas, 1819-1895","Lamar, L. Q. C. 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South Carolina Cavalry Regiment, 5th. Company I . Tiler's/Tyler's  Company","South Carolina--McClellanville","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 21st","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 27th","Battle of Crécy (Crécy-en-Ponthieu, France : 1346)","Confederate States of America. Army. Cavalry","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 25th","Confederate States of America. Army. Georgia Light Artillery Battalion, 12th","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 23rd","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry, 22nd","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Battalion, 7th","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Cavalry Regiment, 4th","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Artillery Battalion, 15th (Lucas' Battalion)","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 26th","Gist Guard Light Artillery","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Palmetto Light Artillery.","Santee Light Artillery","Confederate States of America. Congress.","Confederate Articles of War","Confederate States of America. Army. Georgia Infantry Regiment, 47th","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Cavalry, 1st","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry. Reserve Battalion, Ward's","Confederate States of America. South Carolina Artillery Regiment, 2nd.","Vanderhorst Street, Charleston, SC","Confederate States of America. Provisional Congress","Gist Rifles","Confederate States of America. Army. Hampton Legion","Confederate States of America. Army. Gary's Brigade"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Washington Family"],"creators_ssim":["Keitt, Lawrence M. (Lawrence Massillon), 1824-1864","Barnwell, Robert Woodward","Beauregard, G. T. (Gustave Toutant), 1818-1893","Thomas, John P., 1833-1912","Smith, Robert P.","Huguenin, Thomas Abram, 1839-1897","Pickens, F. W. (Francis Wilkinson)","Limehouse, Edward Just, 1835-1910","Pope, Joseph James, Jr.","Stevens, Peter F. (Peter Fayssoux Stevens), 1830-1910","Gist, William Henry, 1807 - 1874","Anderson, Robert, Major, 1805 - 1871","Manigault, Edward, 1817-1874","Schnierle, John, 1808 - 1861","Myers, Abraham C. (Abraham Charles Myers), 1811 - 1889","Barnwell, Robert Woodward, 1801-1882","DeSaussure, Wilmot G. (Wilmot Gibbes), 1822-1886","Gwynn, Walter, 1802-1882","Pettigrew, James Johnston, 1828-1863","Easterly, John M.","Rivers, Constant Henry, Lieutenant Colonel, 1828-1900","Hayne, Paul Hamilton, 1830-1886","Hernandez, James. J.","Magrath, A. G. (Andrew Gordon), 1813-1893","Memminger, C. G. (Christopher Gustavus), 1803-1888","Dunovant, R. G. M. (Richard Gill Mills), 1821-1898","Burnett Rhett, Andrew, 1833-1879","Burnett, Burgh S.","Manget, Victor H., 1837-1919","Branch, John Luther, 1825-1894","Pickens, F.W. (Francis Wilkinson), 1805-1869","Camden, John","Spratt, L.W. (Leonidas William), 1818-1903","D. B. Vincent","Simonton, Charles H. (Charles Henry), 1829-1904","Mills, S. S.","Branham, W. H.","Simons, James, 1813-1879","Ripley, R. S. (Roswell Sabine), 1823-1887","Dozier, William Gaillard, 1833-1908","Cunningham, John, 1805-1869","Carter, W. D.","Aldrich, N., Reverend","King, Henry Campbell, 1819-1862","Pope, Joseph James, Jr., 1825-1870","Gist, States Rights, 1831-1864","Meyerhoff, B., Lieutenant","White, E. B. (Edward Brickell), 1806-1882","McLaws, Lafayette, 1821-1897","Trapier, James H., 1815-1865","Jamison, Sander Glover, 1830-1900","Ferguson, Thomas B., 1841-1922","Rose, James","Foster, John G. (John Gray), 1823-1874","Walter, George H.","Orr, James Lawrence, 1822-1873","Parrott, R. P. (Robert Parker), 1804-1877","Gibbon, John, 1827-1896","Clay, C. C. (Clement Claiborne), 1816-1882","Lynah, Arthur M.","Lesesne, Henry Deas, 1810-1886","Heyward, Nathaniel Barnwell, 1816-1891","Short, Emanuel","Guard, A.C.","Bryan, Edward B.","Vanderhorst, Louis M., 1832-1864","Martin, William E.","Screven, John H., 1823-1903","Capers, Francis W., 1819-1896","Hamilton, James","Farley, H. S.","Yates, Joseph A.","Gourdin, Robert N., 1812-1894","Macbeth, Charles, 1805-1881","Rice, Henry M. (Henry Mower), 1816-1894","Chesnut, James, 1815-1885","Baker, Edward Dickinson, 1811-1861","Quinn, Thomas, 1828-1903","Quinn, Patrick, 1822-1886","Brady, Edward W., Jr.","Davega, Columbus, 1830-1882","de Treville, Richard, Sr., 1801-1874","Cooper, Samuel, 1798-1876","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","Hardee, William Joseph, 1815-1873","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868","Henning, Norman Phillip","Daggett, Thomas West, Captain, 1828-1893","Litchfield, John L., Captain","Austin, Charles","Harllee, W. W. (William Wallace), 1812-1897","Manigault, Gabriel E. (Gabriel Edward), 1833-1899","Lynch, Arthur M.","Crawford, Samuel Wylie, 1827-1892","Lafar, John J., 1797-1873","Martin, Robert","Hagood, Johnson, 1829-1898","Lee, Francis D., 1826-1885","Glaze, William, 1815-1883","Henerey, William S.","Cameron, Archibald, 1813-1881","Lynch, Thomas M.","Hall, Norman J., 1842-1867","Gregg, Maxcy, 1814-1862","Rooney, M. E.","Washington, L. Quinton","Wigfall, Louis T. (Louis Trezevant), 1816-1874","Barbot, Anthony, 1834-1882","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865","Seward, William H. (William Henry), 1801-1872","Sherman, John, 1823-1900","Alston, Thomas Pinckney, 1795-1861","Kaminski, Heiman, 1839-1923","Norman, J. H. (James Henry), 1829-1877","Rion, James H. (James Henry), 1828-1886","Macbeth, E. W.","Capers, Ellison, 1837-1908","Thomas, Captain","Arthur, B. F. (Benjamin Franklin), Sr., 1826-1870","Perryman, W. W. (William W.), 1831-1891","Brooks, John Hampden, Captain, 1833-1911","Pundt, J. M.","Dupont, John","Melchers, Alexander, 1831-1885","Small, Jacob, Captain","Heinrich, Harms, 1833-1869","Rutledge, Benjamin Huger, 1828-1893","Evans, Nathan George, 1824-1868","Pressley, John G. (John Gotea), 1833-1895","Doubleday, Abner, 1819-1893","Walker, Joseph, 1835-1902","South Carolina Seccession Convention","Simms, William Gilmore, 1806-1870","Porter, Wm. D. (William Dennison), 1810-1883","Valentine, Jacob","Blanding, William D., 1818-1888","Bennett, J.","Motte Alston Pringle, Jacob, 1827-1886","Robertson, Louis F.","North, Edward","Moses, H.","Colcock, William Ferguson, 1804-1889","Cunningham, John","Martin, William Edward, 1815-1869","Wardlaw, David Lewis, 1799-1873","Dunkin, Benjamin Faneuil, 1792-1874","Rhett, Robert Barnwell, 1800-1876","Ingles, J. A.","Grisham, William Steele, 1824-1878","Hayne, Isaac W. (Isaac William), 1809-1880","Shingler, William Pinkney, Colonel, 1827-1869","Mercer, Hugh W. (Hugh Weedon), 1808-1877","Ferrill, John O.","Damas, C.A.D.","Jordan, Thomas, 1819-1895","Lamar, L. Q. C. (Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus), 1825-1893","Kearny, E., A.A.A.G. (Acting Assistant Adjutant General)","Fender, William M., 1833-1870","Steedly, Moses, 1824-deceased","Steedly, E.","Stokes, Jefferson, 1829-1902","Hunter, J. W.","Smith, Clifton H. (Clifton Hewitt), 1841-1902","Jeffords, Robert J. (Robert Josiah), 1834-1864","Carlisle, W. H. (William Henry), b. 1819","Waters, Philama B., b. ca.1812","Talley, W. H. (William H.), b. ca. 1836","Abner, Wilson","Villani, Giovanni, ca.1275-1348","Edward, III, King of England, 1312-1377","Mercer, George, Private","Brown, Joseph M.","Gilchrist, B. C., AA General","Vaus, Richard","Vaus, William","South Carolina Cavalry Kirk's Squadron","Leffmann, William, b. 1836","Arthur, Benjamin Franklin, 1826-1870","Bonham, Milledge L. (Milledge Luke), 1813-1890","Bartow, Francis S. (Francis Stebbins), 1816-1861","Barksdale, William, 1821-1863","Kenan, Augustus Holmes, 1805-1870","Davis, Jefferson, 1808-1889","Benjamin, J. P. (Judah Philip), 1811-1884","Jenkins, Albert Gallatin, 1830-1864","Glover, Thomas Jefferson, 1816-1874","Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Confederate States of America","Citadel. the Military College of South Carolina","South Carolina--Charleston County","South Carolina--Charleston--Fort Sumter","South Carolina--Charleston--Castle Pinckney","South Carolina--Morris Island","South Carolina--Fort Johnson","South Carolina--Summerville","United States. Army. South Carolina Regiment","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 2nd","Confederate States of America. South Carolina Artillery Regiment, 1st.. Lafayette Artillery Company","Fort Palmetto","South Carolina--Orangeburg County","South Carolina--Columbia","South Carolina--Fort Moultrie","Arsenal Academy (Columbia, S.C.)","Louisiana--New Orleans","South Carolina--Charleston Harbor","South Carolina--Charleston","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 1st. Irish Volunteers","Planter's Hotel","Georgia Military Institute (Marietta, Ga.)","State Rights and Free Trade Party (S.C.)","Mississippi--Jackson","National Hotel (Washington, D.C.)","Morris Island Lighthouse (S.C.)","Vigilant Rifle Company (1860-1861)","Charleston (South Carolina) German Artillery","Washington Light Infantry (Charleston, S.C.)","Atlantic Ocean--Stono Inlet","Georgia--Macon","Nullification (States' rights)","South Carolina--James Island","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 4th","White Point Garden","South Carolina--Folly Island (Island)","South Carolina--Cummings Point","South Carolina Militia. Regiment, Thirty-third","South Carolina--Sullivans Island","Washington (South Carolina) Artillery","Alabama--Tuscaloosa","West Point Foundry Association","Washington (D.C.)","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Regiment of Rifles, 1st. Company G","Schooner Petrel","Lightship Rattlesnake Shoal","Floating batteries","Siege of Sevastopol' (Sevastopol', Ukraine : 1854-1855)","South Carolina. Militia","South Carolina. General Assembley","Confederate States of America. War Department","Alabama--Montgomery","American Civil War (United States : 1861-1865)","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 10th","South Carolina--Georgetown","South Carolina--Santee River","South Carolina--Murrells Inlet Region","Waccamaw Light Artillery","South Carolina--Little River","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 7th","South Carolina--Mars Bluff","South Carolina--Florence","South Carolina--Richmond","North Carolina--Wilmington","Confederate States of America. Ordnance Bureau","Parrott gun","Washington Fire Company","German Rifle Company","Virginia--Richmond","Tredegar Iron Works (Richmond, Va)","J. M. Eason \u0026 Brother","Atlantic Ocean--Winyah Bay","Palmetto Armory","South Carolina--Beaufort","Lufburrow and Timmons co.","R\u0026J Lacklison","A. N. Miller","Linville \u0026 Smedley","Watervilet Arsenal","U. S. Arsenal","South Carolina--State Arsenal","South Carolina Coast Police","Virginia--Petersburg","Coles Island","Florida--Pensacola","Hazard Powder Company","Charleston Arsenal","Schooner Stowell Cobb","Schooner Helene","Schooner William Aiken","General Clinch (Ship)","Steam Tug Aid","Catawba (ship)","United States. Army. South Carolina Volunteers, 1st (1862-1864)","Illinois--Springfield","\"House Divided\" speech","Indiana--Indianapolis","Lincoln's Indiannapolis speech","United States--New York Harbor","Florida--Fort Pickens","Pawnee (Ship)","Philadelphia Naval Shipyard (Philadelphia, Pa.)","First inauguration of Abraham Lincoln","North Carolina--Fort Anderson","Virginia--Alexandria","North Island Redoubt","South Carolina--North Island","Brooks Guard","South Carolina--Winnsboro","Charleston Floating Battery","South Carolina. Constitutional Convention","South Carolina Seccession Convention","South Carolina--Breach Inlet","South Carolina--Coles Island","Battery Island","South Carolina--Mount Pleasant","South Carolina. Militia. Regiment, Fifth","Confederate States of America. Army. Corps of Engineers","Maryland--Baltimore","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 9th","Palmetto Riflemen","South Carolina--Secessionville","South Carolina--Myrtle Beach","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Regiment of Rifles, 1st","R \u0026 A.P. Caldwell","J. Campsen \u0026 Co.","Ordnance of Secession","South Carolina--Colleton County","Mexican War (1846-1848)","Battle of Churubusco (Mexico City, Mexico: 1847)","Pennsylvania--Philadelphia","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 17th","South Carolina. General Assembly","Bank of the State of South Carolina","South Carolina--Burwood Plantation","South Carolina--Edgefield","South Carolina--Chelsea","South Carolina","South Carolina--Camp Williams","Georgia--Savannah","CSA Military Court (district of South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida)","South Carolina--Barnwell County","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Cavalry Regiment, 5th","Morgan's Squadron","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Cavalry Regiment, 5th. Company I . Tiler's/Tyler's  Company","South Carolina--McClellanville","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 21st","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 27th","Battle of Crécy (Crécy-en-Ponthieu, France : 1346)","Confederate States of America. Army. Cavalry","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 25th","Confederate States of America. Army. Georgia Light Artillery Battalion, 12th","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 23rd","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry, 22nd","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Battalion, 7th","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Cavalry Regiment, 4th","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Artillery Battalion, 15th (Lucas' Battalion)","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 26th","Gist Guard Light Artillery","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Palmetto Light Artillery.","Santee Light Artillery","Confederate States of America. Congress.","Confederate Articles of War","Confederate States of America. Army. Georgia Infantry Regiment, 47th","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Cavalry, 1st","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry. Reserve Battalion, Ward's","Confederate States of America. South Carolina Artillery Regiment, 2nd.","Vanderhorst Street, Charleston, SC","Confederate States of America. Provisional Congress","Gist Rifles","Confederate States of America. Army. Hampton Legion","Confederate States of America. Army. Gary's Brigade","Washington Family"],"access_terms_ssm":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased from Vanse W. Marshall in 1928."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Political science","Correspondence","Secession","Military courts"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Political science","Correspondence","Secession","Military courts"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["125 Item 1 Box, 10 folders"],"extent_tesim":["125 Item 1 Box, 10 folders"],"date_range_isim":[1860,1861,1862,1863,1864],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], David Flavel Jamison Papers, WLU Coll. 0056, Special Collections, Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA.\u003cp\u003eIn some cases the citation format may vary. Please contact Special Collections staff to verify the appropriate format.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], David Flavel Jamison Papers, WLU Coll. 0056, Special Collections, Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA.In some cases the citation format may vary. Please contact Special Collections staff to verify the appropriate format."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes correspondence while Jamison was Secretary of War of South Carolina, 1861; scattered letters and papers pertaining to the South Carolina Secession Convention of which he was president, and papers related to his tenure as presiding judge of the military court of Gen. Beauregard's Corps, 1862-1864.  Robert Woodward Barnwell and Lawrence Massillon Keitt are among the correspondents.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection includes correspondence while Jamison was Secretary of War of South Carolina, 1861; scattered letters and papers pertaining to the South Carolina Secession Convention of which he was president, and papers related to his tenure as presiding judge of the military court of Gen. Beauregard's Corps, 1862-1864.  Robert Woodward Barnwell and Lawrence Massillon Keitt are among the correspondents."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Confederate States of America","Citadel. the Military College of South Carolina","South Carolina--Charleston County","South Carolina--Charleston--Fort Sumter","South Carolina--Charleston--Castle Pinckney","South Carolina--Morris Island","South Carolina--Fort Johnson","South Carolina--Summerville","United States. Army. South Carolina Regiment","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 2nd","Confederate States of America. South Carolina Artillery Regiment, 1st.. Lafayette Artillery Company","Fort Palmetto","South Carolina--Orangeburg County","South Carolina--Columbia","South Carolina--Fort Moultrie","Arsenal Academy (Columbia, S.C.)","Louisiana--New Orleans","South Carolina--Charleston Harbor","South Carolina--Charleston","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 1st. Irish Volunteers","Planter's Hotel","Georgia Military Institute (Marietta, Ga.)","State Rights and Free Trade Party (S.C.)","Mississippi--Jackson","National Hotel (Washington, D.C.)","Morris Island Lighthouse (S.C.)","Vigilant Rifle Company (1860-1861)","Charleston (South Carolina) German Artillery","Washington Light Infantry (Charleston, S.C.)","Atlantic Ocean--Stono Inlet","Georgia--Macon","Nullification (States' rights)","South Carolina--James Island","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 4th","White Point Garden","South Carolina--Folly Island (Island)","South Carolina--Cummings Point","South Carolina Militia. Regiment, Thirty-third","South Carolina--Sullivans Island","Washington (South Carolina) Artillery","Alabama--Tuscaloosa","West Point Foundry Association","Washington (D.C.)","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Regiment of Rifles, 1st. Company G","Schooner Petrel","Lightship Rattlesnake Shoal","Floating batteries","Siege of Sevastopol' (Sevastopol', Ukraine : 1854-1855)","South Carolina. Militia","South Carolina. General Assembley","Confederate States of America. War Department","Alabama--Montgomery","American Civil War (United States : 1861-1865)","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 10th","South Carolina--Georgetown","South Carolina--Santee River","South Carolina--Murrells Inlet Region","Waccamaw Light Artillery","South Carolina--Little River","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 7th","South Carolina--Mars Bluff","South Carolina--Florence","South Carolina--Richmond","North Carolina--Wilmington","Confederate States of America. Ordnance Bureau","Parrott gun","Washington Fire Company","German Rifle Company","Virginia--Richmond","Tredegar Iron Works (Richmond, Va)","J. M. Eason \u0026 Brother","Atlantic Ocean--Winyah Bay","Palmetto Armory","South Carolina--Beaufort","Lufburrow and Timmons co.","R\u0026J Lacklison","A. N. Miller","Linville \u0026 Smedley","Watervilet Arsenal","U. S. Arsenal","South Carolina--State Arsenal","South Carolina Coast Police","Virginia--Petersburg","Coles Island","Florida--Pensacola","Hazard Powder Company","Charleston Arsenal","Schooner Stowell Cobb","Schooner Helene","Schooner William Aiken","General Clinch (Ship)","Steam Tug Aid","Catawba (ship)","United States. Army. South Carolina Volunteers, 1st (1862-1864)","Illinois--Springfield","\"House Divided\" speech","Indiana--Indianapolis","Lincoln's Indiannapolis speech","United States--New York Harbor","Florida--Fort Pickens","Pawnee (Ship)","Philadelphia Naval Shipyard (Philadelphia, Pa.)","First inauguration of Abraham Lincoln","North Carolina--Fort Anderson","Virginia--Alexandria","North Island Redoubt","South Carolina--North Island","Brooks Guard","South Carolina--Winnsboro","Charleston Floating Battery","South Carolina. Constitutional Convention","South Carolina Seccession Convention","South Carolina--Breach Inlet","South Carolina--Coles Island","Battery Island","South Carolina--Mount Pleasant","South Carolina. Militia. Regiment, Fifth","Confederate States of America. Army. Corps of Engineers","Maryland--Baltimore","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 9th","Palmetto Riflemen","South Carolina--Secessionville","South Carolina--Myrtle Beach","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Regiment of Rifles, 1st","R \u0026 A.P. Caldwell","J. Campsen \u0026 Co.","Ordnance of Secession","South Carolina--Colleton County","Mexican War (1846-1848)","Battle of Churubusco (Mexico City, Mexico: 1847)","Pennsylvania--Philadelphia","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 17th","South Carolina. General Assembly","Bank of the State of South Carolina","South Carolina--Burwood Plantation","South Carolina--Edgefield","South Carolina--Chelsea","South Carolina","South Carolina--Camp Williams","Georgia--Savannah","CSA Military Court (district of South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida)","South Carolina--Barnwell County","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Cavalry Regiment, 5th","Morgan's Squadron","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Cavalry Regiment, 5th. Company I . Tiler's/Tyler's  Company","South Carolina--McClellanville","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 21st","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 27th","Battle of Crécy (Crécy-en-Ponthieu, France : 1346)","Confederate States of America. Army. Cavalry","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 25th","Confederate States of America. Army. Georgia Light Artillery Battalion, 12th","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 23rd","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry, 22nd","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Battalion, 7th","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Cavalry Regiment, 4th","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Artillery Battalion, 15th (Lucas' Battalion)","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 26th","Gist Guard Light Artillery","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Palmetto Light Artillery.","Santee Light Artillery","Confederate States of America. Congress.","Confederate Articles of War","Confederate States of America. Army. Georgia Infantry Regiment, 47th","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Cavalry, 1st","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry. Reserve Battalion, Ward's","Confederate States of America. South Carolina Artillery Regiment, 2nd.","Vanderhorst Street, Charleston, SC","Confederate States of America. Provisional Congress","Gist Rifles","Confederate States of America. Army. Hampton Legion","Confederate States of America. Army. Gary's Brigade"],"names_coll_ssim":["Confederate States of America","Beauregard, G. T. (Gustave Toutant), 1818-1893"],"famname_ssim":["Washington Family"],"persname_ssim":["Keitt, Lawrence M. (Lawrence Massillon), 1824-1864","Barnwell, Robert Woodward","Beauregard, G. T. (Gustave Toutant), 1818-1893","Thomas, John P., 1833-1912","Smith, Robert P.","Huguenin, Thomas Abram, 1839-1897","Pickens, F. W. (Francis Wilkinson)","Limehouse, Edward Just, 1835-1910","Pope, Joseph James, Jr.","Stevens, Peter F. (Peter Fayssoux Stevens), 1830-1910","Gist, William Henry, 1807 - 1874","Anderson, Robert, Major, 1805 - 1871","Manigault, Edward, 1817-1874","Schnierle, John, 1808 - 1861","Myers, Abraham C. (Abraham Charles Myers), 1811 - 1889","Barnwell, Robert Woodward, 1801-1882","DeSaussure, Wilmot G. (Wilmot Gibbes), 1822-1886","Gwynn, Walter, 1802-1882","Pettigrew, James Johnston, 1828-1863","Easterly, John M.","Rivers, Constant Henry, Lieutenant Colonel, 1828-1900","Hayne, Paul Hamilton, 1830-1886","Hernandez, James. J.","Magrath, A. G. (Andrew Gordon), 1813-1893","Memminger, C. G. (Christopher Gustavus), 1803-1888","Dunovant, R. G. M. (Richard Gill Mills), 1821-1898","Burnett Rhett, Andrew, 1833-1879","Burnett, Burgh S.","Manget, Victor H., 1837-1919","Branch, John Luther, 1825-1894","Pickens, F.W. (Francis Wilkinson), 1805-1869","Camden, John","Spratt, L.W. (Leonidas William), 1818-1903","D. B. Vincent","Simonton, Charles H. (Charles Henry), 1829-1904","Mills, S. S.","Branham, W. H.","Simons, James, 1813-1879","Ripley, R. S. (Roswell Sabine), 1823-1887","Dozier, William Gaillard, 1833-1908","Cunningham, John, 1805-1869","Carter, W. D.","Aldrich, N., Reverend","King, Henry Campbell, 1819-1862","Pope, Joseph James, Jr., 1825-1870","Gist, States Rights, 1831-1864","Meyerhoff, B., Lieutenant","White, E. B. (Edward Brickell), 1806-1882","McLaws, Lafayette, 1821-1897","Trapier, James H., 1815-1865","Jamison, Sander Glover, 1830-1900","Ferguson, Thomas B., 1841-1922","Rose, James","Foster, John G. (John Gray), 1823-1874","Walter, George H.","Orr, James Lawrence, 1822-1873","Parrott, R. P. (Robert Parker), 1804-1877","Gibbon, John, 1827-1896","Clay, C. C. (Clement Claiborne), 1816-1882","Lynah, Arthur M.","Lesesne, Henry Deas, 1810-1886","Heyward, Nathaniel Barnwell, 1816-1891","Short, Emanuel","Guard, A.C.","Bryan, Edward B.","Vanderhorst, Louis M., 1832-1864","Martin, William E.","Screven, John H., 1823-1903","Capers, Francis W., 1819-1896","Hamilton, James","Farley, H. S.","Yates, Joseph A.","Gourdin, Robert N., 1812-1894","Macbeth, Charles, 1805-1881","Rice, Henry M. (Henry Mower), 1816-1894","Chesnut, James, 1815-1885","Baker, Edward Dickinson, 1811-1861","Quinn, Thomas, 1828-1903","Quinn, Patrick, 1822-1886","Brady, Edward W., Jr.","Davega, Columbus, 1830-1882","de Treville, Richard, Sr., 1801-1874","Cooper, Samuel, 1798-1876","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","Hardee, William Joseph, 1815-1873","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868","Henning, Norman Phillip","Daggett, Thomas West, Captain, 1828-1893","Litchfield, John L., Captain","Austin, Charles","Harllee, W. W. (William Wallace), 1812-1897","Manigault, Gabriel E. (Gabriel Edward), 1833-1899","Lynch, Arthur M.","Crawford, Samuel Wylie, 1827-1892","Lafar, John J., 1797-1873","Martin, Robert","Hagood, Johnson, 1829-1898","Lee, Francis D., 1826-1885","Glaze, William, 1815-1883","Henerey, William S.","Cameron, Archibald, 1813-1881","Lynch, Thomas M.","Hall, Norman J., 1842-1867","Gregg, Maxcy, 1814-1862","Rooney, M. E.","Washington, L. Quinton","Wigfall, Louis T. (Louis Trezevant), 1816-1874","Barbot, Anthony, 1834-1882","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865","Seward, William H. (William Henry), 1801-1872","Sherman, John, 1823-1900","Alston, Thomas Pinckney, 1795-1861","Kaminski, Heiman, 1839-1923","Norman, J. H. (James Henry), 1829-1877","Rion, James H. (James Henry), 1828-1886","Macbeth, E. W.","Capers, Ellison, 1837-1908","Thomas, Captain","Arthur, B. F. (Benjamin Franklin), Sr., 1826-1870","Perryman, W. W. (William W.), 1831-1891","Brooks, John Hampden, Captain, 1833-1911","Pundt, J. M.","Dupont, John","Melchers, Alexander, 1831-1885","Small, Jacob, Captain","Heinrich, Harms, 1833-1869","Rutledge, Benjamin Huger, 1828-1893","Evans, Nathan George, 1824-1868","Pressley, John G. (John Gotea), 1833-1895","Doubleday, Abner, 1819-1893","Walker, Joseph, 1835-1902","South Carolina Seccession Convention","Simms, William Gilmore, 1806-1870","Porter, Wm. D. (William Dennison), 1810-1883","Valentine, Jacob","Blanding, William D., 1818-1888","Bennett, J.","Motte Alston Pringle, Jacob, 1827-1886","Robertson, Louis F.","North, Edward","Moses, H.","Colcock, William Ferguson, 1804-1889","Cunningham, John","Martin, William Edward, 1815-1869","Wardlaw, David Lewis, 1799-1873","Dunkin, Benjamin Faneuil, 1792-1874","Rhett, Robert Barnwell, 1800-1876","Ingles, J. A.","Grisham, William Steele, 1824-1878","Hayne, Isaac W. (Isaac William), 1809-1880","Shingler, William Pinkney, Colonel, 1827-1869","Mercer, Hugh W. (Hugh Weedon), 1808-1877","Ferrill, John O.","Damas, C.A.D.","Jordan, Thomas, 1819-1895","Lamar, L. Q. C. (Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus), 1825-1893","Kearny, E., A.A.A.G. (Acting Assistant Adjutant General)","Fender, William M., 1833-1870","Steedly, Moses, 1824-deceased","Steedly, E.","Stokes, Jefferson, 1829-1902","Hunter, J. W.","Smith, Clifton H. (Clifton Hewitt), 1841-1902","Jeffords, Robert J. (Robert Josiah), 1834-1864","Carlisle, W. H. (William Henry), b. 1819","Waters, Philama B., b. ca.1812","Talley, W. H. (William H.), b. ca. 1836","Abner, Wilson","Villani, Giovanni, ca.1275-1348","Edward, III, King of England, 1312-1377","Mercer, George, Private","Brown, Joseph M.","Gilchrist, B. C., AA General","Vaus, Richard","Vaus, William","South Carolina Cavalry Kirk's Squadron","Leffmann, William, b. 1836","Arthur, Benjamin Franklin, 1826-1870","Bonham, Milledge L. (Milledge Luke), 1813-1890","Bartow, Francis S. (Francis Stebbins), 1816-1861","Barksdale, William, 1821-1863","Kenan, Augustus Holmes, 1805-1870","Davis, Jefferson, 1808-1889","Benjamin, J. P. (Judah Philip), 1811-1884","Jenkins, Albert Gallatin, 1830-1864","Glover, Thomas Jefferson, 1816-1874"],"names_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Confederate States of America","Citadel. the Military College of South Carolina","South Carolina--Charleston County","South Carolina--Charleston--Fort Sumter","South Carolina--Charleston--Castle Pinckney","South Carolina--Morris Island","South Carolina--Fort Johnson","South Carolina--Summerville","United States. Army. South Carolina Regiment","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 2nd","Confederate States of America. South Carolina Artillery Regiment, 1st.. Lafayette Artillery Company","Fort Palmetto","South Carolina--Orangeburg County","South Carolina--Columbia","South Carolina--Fort Moultrie","Arsenal Academy (Columbia, S.C.)","Louisiana--New Orleans","South Carolina--Charleston Harbor","South Carolina--Charleston","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 1st. Irish Volunteers","Planter's Hotel","Georgia Military Institute (Marietta, Ga.)","State Rights and Free Trade Party (S.C.)","Mississippi--Jackson","National Hotel (Washington, D.C.)","Morris Island Lighthouse (S.C.)","Vigilant Rifle Company (1860-1861)","Charleston (South Carolina) German Artillery","Washington Light Infantry (Charleston, S.C.)","Atlantic Ocean--Stono Inlet","Georgia--Macon","Nullification (States' rights)","South Carolina--James Island","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 4th","White Point Garden","South Carolina--Folly Island (Island)","South Carolina--Cummings Point","South Carolina Militia. Regiment, Thirty-third","South Carolina--Sullivans Island","Washington (South Carolina) Artillery","Alabama--Tuscaloosa","West Point Foundry Association","Washington (D.C.)","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Regiment of Rifles, 1st. Company G","Schooner Petrel","Lightship Rattlesnake Shoal","Floating batteries","Siege of Sevastopol' (Sevastopol', Ukraine : 1854-1855)","South Carolina. Militia","South Carolina. General Assembley","Confederate States of America. War Department","Alabama--Montgomery","American Civil War (United States : 1861-1865)","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 10th","South Carolina--Georgetown","South Carolina--Santee River","South Carolina--Murrells Inlet Region","Waccamaw Light Artillery","South Carolina--Little River","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 7th","South Carolina--Mars Bluff","South Carolina--Florence","South Carolina--Richmond","North Carolina--Wilmington","Confederate States of America. Ordnance Bureau","Parrott gun","Washington Fire Company","German Rifle Company","Virginia--Richmond","Tredegar Iron Works (Richmond, Va)","J. M. Eason \u0026 Brother","Atlantic Ocean--Winyah Bay","Palmetto Armory","South Carolina--Beaufort","Lufburrow and Timmons co.","R\u0026J Lacklison","A. N. Miller","Linville \u0026 Smedley","Watervilet Arsenal","U. S. Arsenal","South Carolina--State Arsenal","South Carolina Coast Police","Virginia--Petersburg","Coles Island","Florida--Pensacola","Hazard Powder Company","Charleston Arsenal","Schooner Stowell Cobb","Schooner Helene","Schooner William Aiken","General Clinch (Ship)","Steam Tug Aid","Catawba (ship)","United States. Army. South Carolina Volunteers, 1st (1862-1864)","Illinois--Springfield","\"House Divided\" speech","Indiana--Indianapolis","Lincoln's Indiannapolis speech","United States--New York Harbor","Florida--Fort Pickens","Pawnee (Ship)","Philadelphia Naval Shipyard (Philadelphia, Pa.)","First inauguration of Abraham Lincoln","North Carolina--Fort Anderson","Virginia--Alexandria","North Island Redoubt","South Carolina--North Island","Brooks Guard","South Carolina--Winnsboro","Charleston Floating Battery","South Carolina. Constitutional Convention","South Carolina Seccession Convention","South Carolina--Breach Inlet","South Carolina--Coles Island","Battery Island","South Carolina--Mount Pleasant","South Carolina. Militia. Regiment, Fifth","Confederate States of America. Army. Corps of Engineers","Maryland--Baltimore","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 9th","Palmetto Riflemen","South Carolina--Secessionville","South Carolina--Myrtle Beach","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Regiment of Rifles, 1st","R \u0026 A.P. Caldwell","J. Campsen \u0026 Co.","Ordnance of Secession","South Carolina--Colleton County","Mexican War (1846-1848)","Battle of Churubusco (Mexico City, Mexico: 1847)","Pennsylvania--Philadelphia","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 17th","South Carolina. General Assembly","Bank of the State of South Carolina","South Carolina--Burwood Plantation","South Carolina--Edgefield","South Carolina--Chelsea","South Carolina","South Carolina--Camp Williams","Georgia--Savannah","CSA Military Court (district of South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida)","South Carolina--Barnwell County","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Cavalry Regiment, 5th","Morgan's Squadron","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Cavalry Regiment, 5th. Company I . Tiler's/Tyler's  Company","South Carolina--McClellanville","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 21st","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 27th","Battle of Crécy (Crécy-en-Ponthieu, France : 1346)","Confederate States of America. Army. Cavalry","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 25th","Confederate States of America. Army. Georgia Light Artillery Battalion, 12th","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 23rd","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry, 22nd","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Battalion, 7th","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Cavalry Regiment, 4th","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Artillery Battalion, 15th (Lucas' Battalion)","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry Regiment, 26th","Gist Guard Light Artillery","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Palmetto Light Artillery.","Santee Light Artillery","Confederate States of America. Congress.","Confederate Articles of War","Confederate States of America. Army. Georgia Infantry Regiment, 47th","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Cavalry, 1st","Confederate States of America. Army. South Carolina Infantry. Reserve Battalion, Ward's","Confederate States of America. South Carolina Artillery Regiment, 2nd.","Vanderhorst Street, Charleston, SC","Confederate States of America. Provisional Congress","Gist Rifles","Confederate States of America. Army. Hampton Legion","Confederate States of America. Army. Gary's Brigade","Washington Family","Keitt, Lawrence M. (Lawrence Massillon), 1824-1864","Barnwell, Robert Woodward","Beauregard, G. T. (Gustave Toutant), 1818-1893","Thomas, John P., 1833-1912","Smith, Robert P.","Huguenin, Thomas Abram, 1839-1897","Pickens, F. W. (Francis Wilkinson)","Limehouse, Edward Just, 1835-1910","Pope, Joseph James, Jr.","Stevens, Peter F. (Peter Fayssoux Stevens), 1830-1910","Gist, William Henry, 1807 - 1874","Anderson, Robert, Major, 1805 - 1871","Manigault, Edward, 1817-1874","Schnierle, John, 1808 - 1861","Myers, Abraham C. (Abraham Charles Myers), 1811 - 1889","Barnwell, Robert Woodward, 1801-1882","DeSaussure, Wilmot G. (Wilmot Gibbes), 1822-1886","Gwynn, Walter, 1802-1882","Pettigrew, James Johnston, 1828-1863","Easterly, John M.","Rivers, Constant Henry, Lieutenant Colonel, 1828-1900","Hayne, Paul Hamilton, 1830-1886","Hernandez, James. J.","Magrath, A. G. (Andrew Gordon), 1813-1893","Memminger, C. G. (Christopher Gustavus), 1803-1888","Dunovant, R. G. M. (Richard Gill Mills), 1821-1898","Burnett Rhett, Andrew, 1833-1879","Burnett, Burgh S.","Manget, Victor H., 1837-1919","Branch, John Luther, 1825-1894","Pickens, F.W. (Francis Wilkinson), 1805-1869","Camden, John","Spratt, L.W. (Leonidas William), 1818-1903","D. B. Vincent","Simonton, Charles H. (Charles Henry), 1829-1904","Mills, S. S.","Branham, W. H.","Simons, James, 1813-1879","Ripley, R. S. (Roswell Sabine), 1823-1887","Dozier, William Gaillard, 1833-1908","Cunningham, John, 1805-1869","Carter, W. D.","Aldrich, N., Reverend","King, Henry Campbell, 1819-1862","Pope, Joseph James, Jr., 1825-1870","Gist, States Rights, 1831-1864","Meyerhoff, B., Lieutenant","White, E. B. (Edward Brickell), 1806-1882","McLaws, Lafayette, 1821-1897","Trapier, James H., 1815-1865","Jamison, Sander Glover, 1830-1900","Ferguson, Thomas B., 1841-1922","Rose, James","Foster, John G. (John Gray), 1823-1874","Walter, George H.","Orr, James Lawrence, 1822-1873","Parrott, R. P. (Robert Parker), 1804-1877","Gibbon, John, 1827-1896","Clay, C. C. (Clement Claiborne), 1816-1882","Lynah, Arthur M.","Lesesne, Henry Deas, 1810-1886","Heyward, Nathaniel Barnwell, 1816-1891","Short, Emanuel","Guard, A.C.","Bryan, Edward B.","Vanderhorst, Louis M., 1832-1864","Martin, William E.","Screven, John H., 1823-1903","Capers, Francis W., 1819-1896","Hamilton, James","Farley, H. S.","Yates, Joseph A.","Gourdin, Robert N., 1812-1894","Macbeth, Charles, 1805-1881","Rice, Henry M. (Henry Mower), 1816-1894","Chesnut, James, 1815-1885","Baker, Edward Dickinson, 1811-1861","Quinn, Thomas, 1828-1903","Quinn, Patrick, 1822-1886","Brady, Edward W., Jr.","Davega, Columbus, 1830-1882","de Treville, Richard, Sr., 1801-1874","Cooper, Samuel, 1798-1876","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","Hardee, William Joseph, 1815-1873","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868","Henning, Norman Phillip","Daggett, Thomas West, Captain, 1828-1893","Litchfield, John L., Captain","Austin, Charles","Harllee, W. W. (William Wallace), 1812-1897","Manigault, Gabriel E. (Gabriel Edward), 1833-1899","Lynch, Arthur M.","Crawford, Samuel Wylie, 1827-1892","Lafar, John J., 1797-1873","Martin, Robert","Hagood, Johnson, 1829-1898","Lee, Francis D., 1826-1885","Glaze, William, 1815-1883","Henerey, William S.","Cameron, Archibald, 1813-1881","Lynch, Thomas M.","Hall, Norman J., 1842-1867","Gregg, Maxcy, 1814-1862","Rooney, M. E.","Washington, L. Quinton","Wigfall, Louis T. (Louis Trezevant), 1816-1874","Barbot, Anthony, 1834-1882","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865","Seward, William H. (William Henry), 1801-1872","Sherman, John, 1823-1900","Alston, Thomas Pinckney, 1795-1861","Kaminski, Heiman, 1839-1923","Norman, J. H. (James Henry), 1829-1877","Rion, James H. (James Henry), 1828-1886","Macbeth, E. W.","Capers, Ellison, 1837-1908","Thomas, Captain","Arthur, B. F. (Benjamin Franklin), Sr., 1826-1870","Perryman, W. W. (William W.), 1831-1891","Brooks, John Hampden, Captain, 1833-1911","Pundt, J. M.","Dupont, John","Melchers, Alexander, 1831-1885","Small, Jacob, Captain","Heinrich, Harms, 1833-1869","Rutledge, Benjamin Huger, 1828-1893","Evans, Nathan George, 1824-1868","Pressley, John G. (John Gotea), 1833-1895","Doubleday, Abner, 1819-1893","Walker, Joseph, 1835-1902","Simms, William Gilmore, 1806-1870","Porter, Wm. D. (William Dennison), 1810-1883","Valentine, Jacob","Blanding, William D., 1818-1888","Bennett, J.","Motte Alston Pringle, Jacob, 1827-1886","Robertson, Louis F.","North, Edward","Moses, H.","Colcock, William Ferguson, 1804-1889","Cunningham, John","Martin, William Edward, 1815-1869","Wardlaw, David Lewis, 1799-1873","Dunkin, Benjamin Faneuil, 1792-1874","Rhett, Robert Barnwell, 1800-1876","Ingles, J. A.","Grisham, William Steele, 1824-1878","Hayne, Isaac W. (Isaac William), 1809-1880","Shingler, William Pinkney, Colonel, 1827-1869","Mercer, Hugh W. (Hugh Weedon), 1808-1877","Ferrill, John O.","Damas, C.A.D.","Jordan, Thomas, 1819-1895","Lamar, L. Q. C. (Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus), 1825-1893","Kearny, E., A.A.A.G. (Acting Assistant Adjutant General)","Fender, William M., 1833-1870","Steedly, Moses, 1824-deceased","Steedly, E.","Stokes, Jefferson, 1829-1902","Hunter, J. W.","Smith, Clifton H. (Clifton Hewitt), 1841-1902","Jeffords, Robert J. (Robert Josiah), 1834-1864","Carlisle, W. H. (William Henry), b. 1819","Waters, Philama B., b. ca.1812","Talley, W. H. (William H.), b. ca. 1836","Abner, Wilson","Villani, Giovanni, ca.1275-1348","Edward, III, King of England, 1312-1377","Mercer, George, Private","Brown, Joseph M.","Gilchrist, B. C., AA General","Vaus, Richard","Vaus, William","South Carolina Cavalry Kirk's Squadron","Leffmann, William, b. 1836","Arthur, Benjamin Franklin, 1826-1870","Bonham, Milledge L. (Milledge Luke), 1813-1890","Bartow, Francis S. (Francis Stebbins), 1816-1861","Barksdale, William, 1821-1863","Kenan, Augustus Holmes, 1805-1870","Davis, Jefferson, 1808-1889","Benjamin, J. P. (Judah Philip), 1811-1884","Jenkins, Albert Gallatin, 1830-1864","Glover, Thomas Jefferson, 1816-1874"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":10,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:24:25.803Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_38"}},{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_34","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Historic manuscript collection, 1601/1933","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_34#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection of historic manuscripts dates from 1607-1933, with the bulk of materials dating from 1738-1868. The correspondence, journals and diaries, legal and financial records, estate documents, and printed ephemera in the collection primarily relate to the Washington and Custis families, the Revolutionary War, and society life in antebellum Washington D.C. and Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_34#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_34","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_34","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_34","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_34","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_3_resources_34.xml","title_ssm":["Historic manuscript collection"],"title_tesim":["Historic manuscript collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1601-1933"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1601-1933"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1601/1933"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Historic manuscript collection, 1601/1933"],"text":["Historic manuscript collection, 1601/1933","SC.HMC","/repositories/3/resources/34","This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.","This collection is arranged into three series: Series 1. Documents and Manuscripts; Series 2. Ledgers and Bound Manuscripts; Series 3. Oversized Documents and Manuscripts.  Each series is arranged in chronological order by date.","Items in this collection were acquired by gift and purchase from various sources. Materials are added to the collection as they are acquired.","This collection of historic manuscripts dates from 1607-1933, with the bulk of materials dating from 1738-1868. The correspondence, journals and diaries, legal and financial records, estate documents, and printed ephemera in the collection primarily relate to the Washington and Custis families, the Revolutionary War, and society life in antebellum Washington D.C. and Virginia.","Portions of this collection have been digitized, as noted in the item-level descriptions.","Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Hall \u0026 Sellers (Philadelphia)","United States. Continental Congress","Potomac Company","Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union","La Fayette Family","Custis Family","Fairfax family","Washington, Lawrence, 1565-1616","Washington, John, -1677","Spencer, Nicholas, 1633-1677","Brent, George","Byrd, William, 1674-1744","Parke, Daniel, 1664 or 1665-1710","Custis, John, 1678-1749","Custis, Daniel Parke, 1711-1757","Fairfax, Catherine Culpeper, Baroness, -1719","Darrell, Sampson, -1777","Washington, Augustine, approximately 1694-1743","Fairfax, William, 1691?-1757","Lee, Henry, 1691-1747","Berry, Joseph","Vernon, Edward, 1684-1757","Washington, Lawrence, 1718-1752","Washington, Augustine, 1718?-1762","Braddock, Edward, 1695?-1755","Washington, Martha, 1731-1802","Fairfax, George William, 1724-1787","Washington, Mary Ball, 1708-1789","Washington, John Augustine, 1736-1787","Rutherford, Thomas Abdy, 1755-1798","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Bassett, Burwell, -1793","Carlyle, John, 1720-1780","Lewis, Fielding, 1725-1781 or 1782","Washington, Lund, 1737-1796","Mifflin, Thomas, 1744-1800","Mason, George, 1725-1792","Arnold, Benedict, 1741-1801","Hancock, John, 1737-1793","Lewis, Betty Washington, 1733-1797","Custis, John Parke, 1754-1781","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Washington, Hannah Bushrod, approximately 1738-1804","Pine, Robert Edge, 1730?-1788","Greenleaf, Moses, 1755-1812","Fitzgerald, John, -1799","Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1757-1834","Jay, John, 1745-1829","Washington, William Augustine, 1757-1810","Jenifer, Daniel of St. Thomas, 1723-1790","Ledyard, William, 1738-1781","Destouches, Charles-René-Dominique Sochet, 1727-1794","Barras, Jacques-Melchior, Comte de, 1719-1793","Stuart, Eleanor Calvert Custis, approximately 1758-1811","Rochambeau, Jean-Baptiste-Donatien de Vimeur, comte de, 1725-1807","Chastellux, François Jean, marquis de, 1734-1788","Washington, Charles, 1738-1799","Humphreys, David, 1752-1818","Powel, Elizabeth Willing, 1743-1830","Lear, Frances \"Fanny\" Bassett Washington, 1767-1796","Washington, George Augustine, approximately 1759-1793","French, Penelope Manley, approximately 1739-","Lewis, John, 1747-1825","Schuyler, Philip John, 1733-1804","Whiting, Matthew, 1730-1810","Ball, Burgess, 1749-1800","Lee, Richard Henry, 1794-1865","Franklin, Benjamin, 1706-1790","Houdon, Jean-Antoine, 1741-1828","Bassett, Burwell, 1764-1841","Washington, Corbin, 1764-1799","Washington, Hannah Fairfax, 1742-1804","Biddle, Clement, 1740-1814","Tilghman, Tench, 1744-1786","Lear, Tobias, 1762-1816","Washington, Julia Ann Blackburn, 1768-1829","Craufurd, Sarah Blackburn, 1772-1862","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Washington, Bushrod, 1785-1830","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","Powel, Samuel, 1738-1793","Lee, William, approximately 1752-","Lewis, Robert, 1769-1829","Marshall, John, 1755-1835","Craik, James, 1730-1814","Leggett, Aaron, 1792-1860","White, Alexander, 1738-1804","Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826","Pickering, Timothy, 1745-1829","Knox, Henry, 1750-1806","Peter, Martha Parke Custis, 1777-1854","Washington, William, 1752-1810","Knox, Lucy Flucker, 1760-1824","Whitting, Anthony, -1793","Blackburn, Christian Scott, 1745-1815","Fraunces, Samuel, approximately 1722-1795","Dandridge, Bartholomew, approximately 1774-1802","Buchan, David Stewart Erskine, Earl of, 1742-1829","Scott, Gustavus, 1753-1800","Butler, James (Overseer)","Sinclair, John, Sir, 1754-1835","Washington, Anna Maria Thomasina Blackburn, 1790-1833","Monroe, James, 1758-1831","Lewis, Lawrence, 1767-1839","Pearce, William (Farm manager)","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Armstrong, John, 1758-1843","Gates, Horatio, 1728-1806","McHenry, James, 1753-1816","Cornwallis, Charles Cornwallis, Marquis, 1738-1805","Law, Thomas, 1756-1834","Lee, Henry, 1756-1818","Latrobe, Benjamin Henry, 1764-1820","Anderson, James, 1745-1807","Washington, Lawrence Augustine, 1774-1824","Cabot, George, 1752-1823","Hamilton, 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1733-1797","Custis, John Parke, 1754-1781","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Washington, Hannah Bushrod, approximately 1738-1804","Pine, Robert Edge, 1730?-1788","Greenleaf, Moses, 1755-1812","Fitzgerald, John, -1799","Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1757-1834","Jay, John, 1745-1829","Washington, William Augustine, 1757-1810","Jenifer, Daniel of St. Thomas, 1723-1790","Ledyard, William, 1738-1781","Destouches, Charles-René-Dominique Sochet, 1727-1794","Barras, Jacques-Melchior, Comte de, 1719-1793","Stuart, Eleanor Calvert Custis, approximately 1758-1811","Rochambeau, Jean-Baptiste-Donatien de Vimeur, comte de, 1725-1807","Chastellux, François Jean, marquis de, 1734-1788","Washington, Charles, 1738-1799","Humphreys, David, 1752-1818","Powel, Elizabeth Willing, 1743-1830","Lear, Frances \"Fanny\" Bassett Washington, 1767-1796","Washington, George Augustine, approximately 1759-1793","French, Penelope Manley, approximately 1739-","Lewis, John, 1747-1825","Schuyler, Philip John, 1733-1804","Whiting, Matthew, 1730-1810","Ball, Burgess, 1749-1800","Lee, Richard Henry, 1794-1865","Franklin, Benjamin, 1706-1790","Houdon, Jean-Antoine, 1741-1828","Bassett, Burwell, 1764-1841","Washington, Corbin, 1764-1799","Washington, Hannah Fairfax, 1742-1804","Biddle, Clement, 1740-1814","Tilghman, Tench, 1744-1786","Lear, Tobias, 1762-1816","Washington, Julia Ann Blackburn, 1768-1829","Craufurd, Sarah Blackburn, 1772-1862","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Washington, Bushrod, 1785-1830","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","Powel, Samuel, 1738-1793","Lee, William, approximately 1752-","Lewis, Robert, 1769-1829","Marshall, John, 1755-1835","Craik, James, 1730-1814","Leggett, Aaron, 1792-1860","White, Alexander, 1738-1804","Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826","Pickering, Timothy, 1745-1829","Knox, Henry, 1750-1806","Peter, Martha Parke Custis, 1777-1854","Washington, William, 1752-1810","Knox, Lucy Flucker, 1760-1824","Whitting, 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1738-1820","Adams, John, 1735-1826","Washington, George Steptoe, 1771-1809","Simms, Charles","King, Rufus, 1755-1827","Stuart, David, 1753-1814","Peters, Richard, 1744-1828","Pinckney, Mary Stead, approximately 1751-1812","Craik, William, 1761-1807","Burd, Edward Shippen, 1779-1848","Madison, James, 1751-1836","Law, John, 1784?-1822","Law, Elizabeth Parke Custis, 1776-1831","Washington, George Fayette, 1790-1867","Beverley, Robert, 1769-1843","Rogers, Nicholas, 1753-1822","Washington, John Augustine, II, 1789-1832","Washington, George Corbin, 1789-1854","Rush, Benjamin, 1746-1813","White, William, 1748-1836","Morris, Robert, 1734-1806","Thornton, Anna Maria Washington, 1788-1816","Carter, Betty Lewis, 1765-1830","Conrad, Mary Eliza Angela Lewis, 1813-1839","Lewis, Lorenzo, 1803-1847","Tucker, St. George, 1752-1827","Butler, Frances Parke, 1799-1875","Washington, Bushrod Corbin, 1790-1851","Turner, Henry S.","Hooe, John, Jr.","Lafayette, Georges Washington Louis Gilbert Du Motier, 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1752-1818","Powel, Elizabeth Willing, 1743-1830","Lear, Frances \"Fanny\" Bassett Washington, 1767-1796","Washington, George Augustine, approximately 1759-1793","French, Penelope Manley, approximately 1739-","Lewis, John, 1747-1825","Schuyler, Philip John, 1733-1804","Whiting, Matthew, 1730-1810","Ball, Burgess, 1749-1800","Lee, Richard Henry, 1794-1865","Franklin, Benjamin, 1706-1790","Houdon, Jean-Antoine, 1741-1828","Bassett, Burwell, 1764-1841","Washington, Corbin, 1764-1799","Washington, Hannah Fairfax, 1742-1804","Biddle, Clement, 1740-1814","Tilghman, Tench, 1744-1786","Lear, Tobias, 1762-1816","Washington, Julia Ann Blackburn, 1768-1829","Craufurd, Sarah Blackburn, 1772-1862","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Washington, Bushrod, 1785-1830","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","Powel, Samuel, 1738-1793","Lee, William, approximately 1752-","Lewis, Robert, 1769-1829","Marshall, John, 1755-1835","Craik, James, 1730-1814","Leggett, Aaron, 1792-1860","White, Alexander, 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1803-1847","Tucker, St. George, 1752-1827","Butler, Frances Parke, 1799-1875","Washington, Bushrod Corbin, 1790-1851","Turner, Henry S.","Hooe, John, Jr.","Lafayette, Georges Washington Louis Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1779-1849 -- Travel","Peter, Thomas, 1769-1834","Thompson, Smith, 1768-1843","Trumbull, John, 1756-1843","Smith, Treadwell","Butler, Edward George Washington, 1800-1888 -- Death and burial","Sparks, Jared, 1789-1866","Washington, Lewis William, 1812-1871","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Clay, Henry, 1777-1852","Rogers, Elizabeth Parke Custis Law, 1797-1822","Jackson, Andrew, 1767-1845","Clay, Clement Comer, 1789-1866","Lewis, Esther Maria Coxe, 1804-1885","Lee, Edmund Jennings, 1772-1843","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852 -- Family","Monroe, Hortensia","Lafayette, Georges Washington Louis Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1779-1849","Wentworth, Tappan, 1802-1875","Webster, Daniel, 1782-1852","Conrad, Charles Magill, 1804-1878","Costin, William, 1780?-1842","Goldsborough, Charles, 1765-1834","Bayard, Samuel, 1767-1840","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868","Mitchell, Jim, 1795-1870","Johnson, Gabriel, 1820-","Harrison, Henry Tazewell, 1796-1881","Anderson, Sambo, -1845","Alexander, Hannah Lee Washington, 1811-1881","Tabb, John Prosser","Taliaferro, John, 1768-1852","Butler, Edward George Washington, 1800-1888","Alexander, Anna Maria Washington, 1817-1850","Peter, George Washington, 1801-1877","Washington, Thomas Blackburn, 1812-1854","McFarland, Joseph","Herbert, Bushrod Washington, -1888","Madison, Dolley, 1768-1849","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Johnston, Dennis, 1788-1852","Herbert, Noblet, Jr., 1826-1856","Bruin, Joseph","Hill, Henry P., active 1843-1845","Lindsly, Harvey, 1804-1889","Lewis, Samuel","Bassett, George Washington, 1800-1878","Murphy, Henry Cruse, 1810-1882","Taylor, Zachary, 1784-1850","Alexander, Judith Ball Blackburn, 1796-1866","Hooff, P. H.","Washington, H. A. (Henry Augustine), 1820-1858","Peter, George, 1779-1861","Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863","Brown, James M.","Corcoran, W.W. (William Wilson), 1798-1888","Lossing, Benson John, 1813-1891","Irving, Washington, 1783-1859","Mills, Clark, 1810-1883","Rogers, Edmund Law","Wright, John S.  (John Stephen), 1815-1874","Wise, Henry A. (Henry Alexander), 1806-1876","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Crutchett, James, 1816-","Eyre, Louisa Lincoln Lear, 1831-1912","Lear, Frances Dandridge Henley, 1779-1856","Peale, Rembrandt, 1778-1860","Peale, Charles Willson, 1741-1827","Thomas, James","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","Lee, Mary Custis, 1835-1918","Shackleford, Benjamin Howard","Turner, Edward C. (Edward Carter), 1816-1891","Rossiter, Thomas Prichard, 1818-1871","Meigs, Montgomery C. (Montgomery Cunningham), 1816-1892","Hughes, George R. H., 1832-1914","Oberly, Aaron S., 1837-1918","Lee, Robert E.  (Robert Edward), 1807-1870","Hollingsworth, John McHenry, 1823-1889","Gardoqui y Arriquibar, Diego, 1735-1798","Finch, Fannie Louisa Augusta Washington, 1828-1900","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Washington, Bushrod C. (Bushrod Corbin), 1839-1919","Townsend, Justine Van Rensselaer, 1828-1912","Smith, Samuel Francis, 1808-1895","Davis, Varina, 1826-1906","Howard, Eleanor Washington, 1856-1937","Pierce, Franklin, 1804-1869","Trumbull, Jonathan, 1740-1809","Carroll, Charles, 1737-1832","Comegys, Margaret Douglass, 1816-1888","Riggs, Jane Agnes, 1854-1930","Hamilton, Elizabeth Schuyler, 1757-1854","Toner, Joseph M.  (Joseph Meredith), 1825-1896","Zouche of Harringworth, Edward La Zouche, Baron, 1556?-1625","Carlin, William, 1732-1820","Fairfax, William George, Sir, 1739-1813","Walker, Benjamin, 1753-1818","Poor, Enoch, 1736-1780","Frobel, Anne S., 1816-1907","Custis, Martha Parke, 1755-1773","Vaughan, Samuel, active 18th century","Brooke, Robert, -1744","Fairfax, Thomas Fairfax, Lord, 1693-1781","Sprout, Ebenezer, -1805","Paine, Thomas, 1737-1809","Hustler, John, 1715-1790","Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Hall \u0026 Sellers (Philadelphia)","United States. Continental Congress","Potomac Company","Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union","La Fayette Family","Custis Family","Fairfax family"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["approx. 60 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["approx. 60 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1601,1602,1603,1604,1605,1606,1607,1608,1609,1610,1611,1612,1613,1614,1615,1616,1617,1618,1619,1620,1621,1622,1623,1624,1625,1626,1627,1628,1629,1630,1631,1632,1633,1634,1635,1636,1637,1638,1639,1640,1641,1642,1643,1644,1645,1646,1647,1648,1649,1650,1651,1652,1653,1654,1655,1656,1657,1658,1659,1660,1661,1662,1663,1664,1665,1666,1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into three series: Series 1. Documents and Manuscripts; Series 2. Ledgers and Bound Manuscripts; Series 3. Oversized Documents and Manuscripts.  Each series is arranged in chronological order by date.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into three series: Series 1. Documents and Manuscripts; Series 2. Ledgers and Bound Manuscripts; Series 3. Oversized Documents and Manuscripts.  Each series is arranged in chronological order by date."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eItems in this collection were acquired by gift and purchase from various sources. Materials are added to the collection as they are acquired.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Items in this collection were acquired by gift and purchase from various sources. Materials are added to the collection as they are acquired."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], Historic Manuscript Collection, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Name and date of item], Historic Manuscript Collection, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection of historic manuscripts dates from 1607-1933, with the bulk of materials dating from 1738-1868. The correspondence, journals and diaries, legal and financial records, estate documents, and printed ephemera in the collection primarily relate to the Washington and Custis families, the Revolutionary War, and society life in antebellum Washington D.C. and Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePortions of this collection have been digitized, as noted in the item-level descriptions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection of historic manuscripts dates from 1607-1933, with the bulk of materials dating from 1738-1868. The correspondence, journals and diaries, legal and financial records, estate documents, and printed ephemera in the collection primarily relate to the Washington and Custis families, the Revolutionary War, and society life in antebellum Washington D.C. and Virginia.","Portions of this collection have been digitized, as noted in the item-level descriptions."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Hall \u0026 Sellers (Philadelphia)","United States. Continental Congress","Potomac Company","Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union"],"famname_ssim":["La Fayette Family","Custis Family","Fairfax family"],"persname_ssim":["Washington, Lawrence, 1565-1616","Washington, John, -1677","Spencer, Nicholas, 1633-1677","Brent, George","Byrd, William, 1674-1744","Parke, Daniel, 1664 or 1665-1710","Custis, John, 1678-1749","Custis, Daniel Parke, 1711-1757","Fairfax, Catherine Culpeper, Baroness, -1719","Darrell, Sampson, -1777","Washington, Augustine, approximately 1694-1743","Fairfax, William, 1691?-1757","Lee, Henry, 1691-1747","Berry, Joseph","Vernon, Edward, 1684-1757","Washington, Lawrence, 1718-1752","Washington, Augustine, 1718?-1762","Braddock, Edward, 1695?-1755","Washington, Martha, 1731-1802","Fairfax, George William, 1724-1787","Washington, Mary Ball, 1708-1789","Washington, John Augustine, 1736-1787","Rutherford, Thomas Abdy, 1755-1798","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Bassett, Burwell, -1793","Carlyle, John, 1720-1780","Lewis, Fielding, 1725-1781 or 1782","Washington, Lund, 1737-1796","Mifflin, Thomas, 1744-1800","Mason, George, 1725-1792","Arnold, Benedict, 1741-1801","Hancock, John, 1737-1793","Lewis, Betty Washington, 1733-1797","Custis, John Parke, 1754-1781","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Washington, Hannah Bushrod, approximately 1738-1804","Pine, Robert Edge, 1730?-1788","Greenleaf, Moses, 1755-1812","Fitzgerald, John, -1799","Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1757-1834","Jay, John, 1745-1829","Washington, William Augustine, 1757-1810","Jenifer, Daniel of St. Thomas, 1723-1790","Ledyard, William, 1738-1781","Destouches, Charles-René-Dominique Sochet, 1727-1794","Barras, Jacques-Melchior, Comte de, 1719-1793","Stuart, Eleanor Calvert Custis, approximately 1758-1811","Rochambeau, Jean-Baptiste-Donatien de Vimeur, comte de, 1725-1807","Chastellux, François Jean, marquis de, 1734-1788","Washington, Charles, 1738-1799","Humphreys, David, 1752-1818","Powel, Elizabeth Willing, 1743-1830","Lear, Frances \"Fanny\" Bassett Washington, 1767-1796","Washington, George Augustine, approximately 1759-1793","French, Penelope Manley, approximately 1739-","Lewis, John, 1747-1825","Schuyler, Philip John, 1733-1804","Whiting, Matthew, 1730-1810","Ball, Burgess, 1749-1800","Lee, Richard Henry, 1794-1865","Franklin, Benjamin, 1706-1790","Houdon, Jean-Antoine, 1741-1828","Bassett, Burwell, 1764-1841","Washington, Corbin, 1764-1799","Washington, Hannah Fairfax, 1742-1804","Biddle, Clement, 1740-1814","Tilghman, Tench, 1744-1786","Lear, Tobias, 1762-1816","Washington, Julia Ann Blackburn, 1768-1829","Craufurd, Sarah Blackburn, 1772-1862","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Washington, Bushrod, 1785-1830","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","Powel, Samuel, 1738-1793","Lee, William, approximately 1752-","Lewis, Robert, 1769-1829","Marshall, John, 1755-1835","Craik, James, 1730-1814","Leggett, Aaron, 1792-1860","White, Alexander, 1738-1804","Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826","Pickering, Timothy, 1745-1829","Knox, Henry, 1750-1806","Peter, Martha Parke Custis, 1777-1854","Washington, William, 1752-1810","Knox, Lucy Flucker, 1760-1824","Whitting, Anthony, -1793","Blackburn, Christian Scott, 1745-1815","Fraunces, Samuel, approximately 1722-1795","Dandridge, Bartholomew, approximately 1774-1802","Buchan, David Stewart Erskine, Earl of, 1742-1829","Scott, Gustavus, 1753-1800","Butler, James (Overseer)","Sinclair, John, Sir, 1754-1835","Washington, Anna Maria Thomasina Blackburn, 1790-1833","Monroe, James, 1758-1831","Lewis, Lawrence, 1767-1839","Pearce, William (Farm manager)","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Armstrong, John, 1758-1843","Gates, Horatio, 1728-1806","McHenry, James, 1753-1816","Cornwallis, Charles Cornwallis, Marquis, 1738-1805","Law, Thomas, 1756-1834","Lee, Henry, 1756-1818","Latrobe, Benjamin Henry, 1764-1820","Anderson, James, 1745-1807","Washington, Lawrence Augustine, 1774-1824","Cabot, George, 1752-1823","Hamilton, Alexander, 1757-1804","Fairfax, Bryan Fairfax, Baron, 1736-1802","Webb, James","Lear, Mary Stilson, 1739-1829","Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth, 1746-1825","Bowie, William","West, Benjamin, 1738-1820","Adams, John, 1735-1826","Washington, George Steptoe, 1771-1809","Simms, Charles","King, Rufus, 1755-1827","Stuart, David, 1753-1814","Peters, Richard, 1744-1828","Pinckney, Mary Stead, approximately 1751-1812","Craik, William, 1761-1807","Burd, Edward Shippen, 1779-1848","Madison, James, 1751-1836","Law, John, 1784?-1822","Law, Elizabeth Parke Custis, 1776-1831","Washington, George Fayette, 1790-1867","Beverley, Robert, 1769-1843","Rogers, Nicholas, 1753-1822","Washington, John Augustine, II, 1789-1832","Washington, George Corbin, 1789-1854","Rush, Benjamin, 1746-1813","White, William, 1748-1836","Morris, Robert, 1734-1806","Thornton, Anna Maria Washington, 1788-1816","Carter, Betty Lewis, 1765-1830","Conrad, Mary Eliza Angela Lewis, 1813-1839","Lewis, Lorenzo, 1803-1847","Tucker, St. George, 1752-1827","Butler, Frances Parke, 1799-1875","Washington, Bushrod Corbin, 1790-1851","Turner, Henry S.","Hooe, John, Jr.","Lafayette, Georges Washington Louis Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1779-1849 -- Travel","Peter, Thomas, 1769-1834","Thompson, Smith, 1768-1843","Trumbull, John, 1756-1843","Smith, Treadwell","Butler, Edward George Washington, 1800-1888 -- Death and burial","Sparks, Jared, 1789-1866","Washington, Lewis William, 1812-1871","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Clay, Henry, 1777-1852","Rogers, Elizabeth Parke Custis Law, 1797-1822","Jackson, Andrew, 1767-1845","Clay, Clement Comer, 1789-1866","Lewis, Esther Maria Coxe, 1804-1885","Lee, Edmund Jennings, 1772-1843","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852 -- Family","Monroe, Hortensia","Lafayette, Georges Washington Louis Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1779-1849","Wentworth, Tappan, 1802-1875","Webster, Daniel, 1782-1852","Conrad, Charles Magill, 1804-1878","Costin, William, 1780?-1842","Goldsborough, Charles, 1765-1834","Bayard, Samuel, 1767-1840","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868","Mitchell, Jim, 1795-1870","Johnson, Gabriel, 1820-","Harrison, Henry Tazewell, 1796-1881","Anderson, Sambo, -1845","Alexander, Hannah Lee Washington, 1811-1881","Tabb, John Prosser","Taliaferro, John, 1768-1852","Butler, Edward George Washington, 1800-1888","Alexander, Anna Maria Washington, 1817-1850","Peter, George Washington, 1801-1877","Washington, Thomas Blackburn, 1812-1854","McFarland, Joseph","Herbert, Bushrod Washington, -1888","Madison, Dolley, 1768-1849","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Johnston, Dennis, 1788-1852","Herbert, Noblet, Jr., 1826-1856","Bruin, Joseph","Hill, Henry P., active 1843-1845","Lindsly, Harvey, 1804-1889","Lewis, Samuel","Bassett, George Washington, 1800-1878","Murphy, Henry Cruse, 1810-1882","Taylor, Zachary, 1784-1850","Alexander, Judith Ball Blackburn, 1796-1866","Hooff, P. H.","Washington, H. A. (Henry Augustine), 1820-1858","Peter, George, 1779-1861","Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863","Brown, James M.","Corcoran, W.W. (William Wilson), 1798-1888","Lossing, Benson John, 1813-1891","Irving, Washington, 1783-1859","Mills, Clark, 1810-1883","Rogers, Edmund Law","Wright, John S.  (John Stephen), 1815-1874","Wise, Henry A. (Henry Alexander), 1806-1876","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Crutchett, James, 1816-","Eyre, Louisa Lincoln Lear, 1831-1912","Lear, Frances Dandridge Henley, 1779-1856","Peale, Rembrandt, 1778-1860","Peale, Charles Willson, 1741-1827","Thomas, James","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","Lee, Mary Custis, 1835-1918","Shackleford, Benjamin Howard","Turner, Edward C. (Edward Carter), 1816-1891","Rossiter, Thomas Prichard, 1818-1871","Meigs, Montgomery C. (Montgomery Cunningham), 1816-1892","Hughes, George R. H., 1832-1914","Oberly, Aaron S., 1837-1918","Lee, Robert E.  (Robert Edward), 1807-1870","Hollingsworth, John McHenry, 1823-1889","Gardoqui y Arriquibar, Diego, 1735-1798","Finch, Fannie Louisa Augusta Washington, 1828-1900","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Washington, Bushrod C. (Bushrod Corbin), 1839-1919","Townsend, Justine Van Rensselaer, 1828-1912","Smith, Samuel Francis, 1808-1895","Davis, Varina, 1826-1906","Howard, Eleanor Washington, 1856-1937","Pierce, Franklin, 1804-1869","Trumbull, Jonathan, 1740-1809","Carroll, Charles, 1737-1832","Comegys, Margaret Douglass, 1816-1888","Riggs, Jane Agnes, 1854-1930","Hamilton, Elizabeth Schuyler, 1757-1854","Toner, Joseph M.  (Joseph Meredith), 1825-1896","Zouche of Harringworth, Edward La Zouche, Baron, 1556?-1625","Carlin, William, 1732-1820","Fairfax, William George, Sir, 1739-1813","Walker, Benjamin, 1753-1818","Poor, Enoch, 1736-1780","Frobel, Anne S., 1816-1907","Custis, Martha Parke, 1755-1773","Vaughan, Samuel, active 18th century","Brooke, Robert, -1744","Fairfax, Thomas Fairfax, Lord, 1693-1781","Sprout, Ebenezer, -1805","Paine, Thomas, 1737-1809","Hustler, John, 1715-1790"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Hall \u0026 Sellers (Philadelphia)","United States. Continental Congress","Potomac Company","Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union","La Fayette Family","Custis Family","Fairfax family","Washington, Lawrence, 1565-1616","Washington, John, -1677","Spencer, Nicholas, 1633-1677","Brent, George","Byrd, William, 1674-1744","Parke, Daniel, 1664 or 1665-1710","Custis, John, 1678-1749","Custis, Daniel Parke, 1711-1757","Fairfax, Catherine Culpeper, Baroness, -1719","Darrell, Sampson, -1777","Washington, Augustine, approximately 1694-1743","Fairfax, William, 1691?-1757","Lee, Henry, 1691-1747","Berry, Joseph","Vernon, Edward, 1684-1757","Washington, Lawrence, 1718-1752","Washington, Augustine, 1718?-1762","Braddock, Edward, 1695?-1755","Washington, Martha, 1731-1802","Fairfax, George William, 1724-1787","Washington, Mary Ball, 1708-1789","Washington, John Augustine, 1736-1787","Rutherford, Thomas Abdy, 1755-1798","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Bassett, Burwell, -1793","Carlyle, John, 1720-1780","Lewis, Fielding, 1725-1781 or 1782","Washington, Lund, 1737-1796","Mifflin, Thomas, 1744-1800","Mason, George, 1725-1792","Arnold, Benedict, 1741-1801","Hancock, John, 1737-1793","Lewis, Betty Washington, 1733-1797","Custis, John Parke, 1754-1781","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Washington, Hannah Bushrod, approximately 1738-1804","Pine, Robert Edge, 1730?-1788","Greenleaf, Moses, 1755-1812","Fitzgerald, John, -1799","Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1757-1834","Jay, John, 1745-1829","Washington, William Augustine, 1757-1810","Jenifer, Daniel of St. Thomas, 1723-1790","Ledyard, William, 1738-1781","Destouches, Charles-René-Dominique Sochet, 1727-1794","Barras, Jacques-Melchior, Comte de, 1719-1793","Stuart, Eleanor Calvert Custis, approximately 1758-1811","Rochambeau, Jean-Baptiste-Donatien de Vimeur, comte de, 1725-1807","Chastellux, François Jean, marquis de, 1734-1788","Washington, Charles, 1738-1799","Humphreys, David, 1752-1818","Powel, Elizabeth Willing, 1743-1830","Lear, Frances \"Fanny\" Bassett Washington, 1767-1796","Washington, George Augustine, approximately 1759-1793","French, Penelope Manley, approximately 1739-","Lewis, John, 1747-1825","Schuyler, Philip John, 1733-1804","Whiting, Matthew, 1730-1810","Ball, Burgess, 1749-1800","Lee, Richard Henry, 1794-1865","Franklin, Benjamin, 1706-1790","Houdon, Jean-Antoine, 1741-1828","Bassett, Burwell, 1764-1841","Washington, Corbin, 1764-1799","Washington, Hannah Fairfax, 1742-1804","Biddle, Clement, 1740-1814","Tilghman, Tench, 1744-1786","Lear, Tobias, 1762-1816","Washington, Julia Ann Blackburn, 1768-1829","Craufurd, Sarah Blackburn, 1772-1862","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Washington, Bushrod, 1785-1830","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","Powel, Samuel, 1738-1793","Lee, William, approximately 1752-","Lewis, Robert, 1769-1829","Marshall, John, 1755-1835","Craik, James, 1730-1814","Leggett, Aaron, 1792-1860","White, Alexander, 1738-1804","Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826","Pickering, Timothy, 1745-1829","Knox, Henry, 1750-1806","Peter, Martha Parke Custis, 1777-1854","Washington, William, 1752-1810","Knox, Lucy Flucker, 1760-1824","Whitting, Anthony, -1793","Blackburn, Christian Scott, 1745-1815","Fraunces, Samuel, approximately 1722-1795","Dandridge, Bartholomew, approximately 1774-1802","Buchan, David Stewart Erskine, Earl of, 1742-1829","Scott, Gustavus, 1753-1800","Butler, James (Overseer)","Sinclair, John, Sir, 1754-1835","Washington, Anna Maria Thomasina Blackburn, 1790-1833","Monroe, James, 1758-1831","Lewis, Lawrence, 1767-1839","Pearce, William (Farm manager)","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Armstrong, John, 1758-1843","Gates, Horatio, 1728-1806","McHenry, James, 1753-1816","Cornwallis, Charles Cornwallis, Marquis, 1738-1805","Law, Thomas, 1756-1834","Lee, Henry, 1756-1818","Latrobe, Benjamin Henry, 1764-1820","Anderson, James, 1745-1807","Washington, Lawrence Augustine, 1774-1824","Cabot, George, 1752-1823","Hamilton, Alexander, 1757-1804","Fairfax, Bryan Fairfax, Baron, 1736-1802","Webb, James","Lear, Mary Stilson, 1739-1829","Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth, 1746-1825","Bowie, William","West, Benjamin, 1738-1820","Adams, John, 1735-1826","Washington, George Steptoe, 1771-1809","Simms, Charles","King, Rufus, 1755-1827","Stuart, David, 1753-1814","Peters, Richard, 1744-1828","Pinckney, Mary Stead, approximately 1751-1812","Craik, William, 1761-1807","Burd, Edward Shippen, 1779-1848","Madison, James, 1751-1836","Law, John, 1784?-1822","Law, Elizabeth Parke Custis, 1776-1831","Washington, George Fayette, 1790-1867","Beverley, Robert, 1769-1843","Rogers, Nicholas, 1753-1822","Washington, John Augustine, II, 1789-1832","Washington, George Corbin, 1789-1854","Rush, Benjamin, 1746-1813","White, William, 1748-1836","Morris, Robert, 1734-1806","Thornton, Anna Maria Washington, 1788-1816","Carter, Betty Lewis, 1765-1830","Conrad, Mary Eliza Angela Lewis, 1813-1839","Lewis, Lorenzo, 1803-1847","Tucker, St. George, 1752-1827","Butler, Frances Parke, 1799-1875","Washington, Bushrod Corbin, 1790-1851","Turner, Henry S.","Hooe, John, Jr.","Lafayette, Georges Washington Louis Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1779-1849 -- Travel","Peter, Thomas, 1769-1834","Thompson, Smith, 1768-1843","Trumbull, John, 1756-1843","Smith, Treadwell","Butler, Edward George Washington, 1800-1888 -- Death and burial","Sparks, Jared, 1789-1866","Washington, Lewis William, 1812-1871","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Clay, Henry, 1777-1852","Rogers, Elizabeth Parke Custis Law, 1797-1822","Jackson, Andrew, 1767-1845","Clay, Clement Comer, 1789-1866","Lewis, Esther Maria Coxe, 1804-1885","Lee, Edmund Jennings, 1772-1843","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852 -- Family","Monroe, Hortensia","Lafayette, Georges Washington Louis Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1779-1849","Wentworth, Tappan, 1802-1875","Webster, Daniel, 1782-1852","Conrad, Charles Magill, 1804-1878","Costin, William, 1780?-1842","Goldsborough, Charles, 1765-1834","Bayard, Samuel, 1767-1840","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868","Mitchell, Jim, 1795-1870","Johnson, Gabriel, 1820-","Harrison, Henry Tazewell, 1796-1881","Anderson, Sambo, -1845","Alexander, Hannah Lee Washington, 1811-1881","Tabb, John Prosser","Taliaferro, John, 1768-1852","Butler, Edward George Washington, 1800-1888","Alexander, Anna Maria Washington, 1817-1850","Peter, George Washington, 1801-1877","Washington, Thomas Blackburn, 1812-1854","McFarland, Joseph","Herbert, Bushrod Washington, -1888","Madison, Dolley, 1768-1849","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Johnston, Dennis, 1788-1852","Herbert, Noblet, Jr., 1826-1856","Bruin, Joseph","Hill, Henry P., active 1843-1845","Lindsly, Harvey, 1804-1889","Lewis, Samuel","Bassett, George Washington, 1800-1878","Murphy, Henry Cruse, 1810-1882","Taylor, Zachary, 1784-1850","Alexander, Judith Ball Blackburn, 1796-1866","Hooff, P. H.","Washington, H. A. (Henry Augustine), 1820-1858","Peter, George, 1779-1861","Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863","Brown, James M.","Corcoran, W.W. (William Wilson), 1798-1888","Lossing, Benson John, 1813-1891","Irving, Washington, 1783-1859","Mills, Clark, 1810-1883","Rogers, Edmund Law","Wright, John S.  (John Stephen), 1815-1874","Wise, Henry A. (Henry Alexander), 1806-1876","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Crutchett, James, 1816-","Eyre, Louisa Lincoln Lear, 1831-1912","Lear, Frances Dandridge Henley, 1779-1856","Peale, Rembrandt, 1778-1860","Peale, Charles Willson, 1741-1827","Thomas, James","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","Lee, Mary Custis, 1835-1918","Shackleford, Benjamin Howard","Turner, Edward C. (Edward Carter), 1816-1891","Rossiter, Thomas Prichard, 1818-1871","Meigs, Montgomery C. (Montgomery Cunningham), 1816-1892","Hughes, George R. H., 1832-1914","Oberly, Aaron S., 1837-1918","Lee, Robert E.  (Robert Edward), 1807-1870","Hollingsworth, John McHenry, 1823-1889","Gardoqui y Arriquibar, Diego, 1735-1798","Finch, Fannie Louisa Augusta Washington, 1828-1900","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Washington, Bushrod C. (Bushrod Corbin), 1839-1919","Townsend, Justine Van Rensselaer, 1828-1912","Smith, Samuel Francis, 1808-1895","Davis, Varina, 1826-1906","Howard, Eleanor Washington, 1856-1937","Pierce, Franklin, 1804-1869","Trumbull, Jonathan, 1740-1809","Carroll, Charles, 1737-1832","Comegys, Margaret Douglass, 1816-1888","Riggs, Jane Agnes, 1854-1930","Hamilton, Elizabeth Schuyler, 1757-1854","Toner, Joseph M.  (Joseph Meredith), 1825-1896","Zouche of Harringworth, Edward La Zouche, Baron, 1556?-1625","Carlin, William, 1732-1820","Fairfax, William George, Sir, 1739-1813","Walker, Benjamin, 1753-1818","Poor, Enoch, 1736-1780","Frobel, Anne S., 1816-1907","Custis, Martha Parke, 1755-1773","Vaughan, Samuel, active 18th century","Brooke, Robert, -1744","Fairfax, Thomas Fairfax, Lord, 1693-1781","Sprout, Ebenezer, -1805","Paine, Thomas, 1737-1809","Hustler, John, 1715-1790"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1912,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:25:13.167Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_34","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_34","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_34","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_34","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_3_resources_34.xml","title_ssm":["Historic manuscript collection"],"title_tesim":["Historic manuscript collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1601-1933"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1601-1933"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1601/1933"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Historic manuscript collection, 1601/1933"],"text":["Historic manuscript collection, 1601/1933","SC.HMC","/repositories/3/resources/34","This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.","This collection is arranged into three series: Series 1. Documents and Manuscripts; Series 2. Ledgers and Bound Manuscripts; Series 3. Oversized Documents and Manuscripts.  Each series is arranged in chronological order by date.","Items in this collection were acquired by gift and purchase from various sources. Materials are added to the collection as they are acquired.","This collection of historic manuscripts dates from 1607-1933, with the bulk of materials dating from 1738-1868. The correspondence, journals and diaries, legal and financial records, estate documents, and printed ephemera in the collection primarily relate to the Washington and Custis families, the Revolutionary War, and society life in antebellum Washington D.C. and Virginia.","Portions of this collection have been digitized, as noted in the item-level descriptions.","Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Hall \u0026 Sellers (Philadelphia)","United States. Continental Congress","Potomac Company","Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union","La Fayette Family","Custis Family","Fairfax family","Washington, Lawrence, 1565-1616","Washington, John, -1677","Spencer, Nicholas, 1633-1677","Brent, George","Byrd, William, 1674-1744","Parke, Daniel, 1664 or 1665-1710","Custis, John, 1678-1749","Custis, Daniel Parke, 1711-1757","Fairfax, Catherine Culpeper, Baroness, -1719","Darrell, Sampson, -1777","Washington, Augustine, approximately 1694-1743","Fairfax, William, 1691?-1757","Lee, Henry, 1691-1747","Berry, Joseph","Vernon, Edward, 1684-1757","Washington, Lawrence, 1718-1752","Washington, Augustine, 1718?-1762","Braddock, Edward, 1695?-1755","Washington, Martha, 1731-1802","Fairfax, George William, 1724-1787","Washington, Mary Ball, 1708-1789","Washington, John Augustine, 1736-1787","Rutherford, Thomas Abdy, 1755-1798","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Bassett, Burwell, -1793","Carlyle, John, 1720-1780","Lewis, Fielding, 1725-1781 or 1782","Washington, Lund, 1737-1796","Mifflin, Thomas, 1744-1800","Mason, George, 1725-1792","Arnold, Benedict, 1741-1801","Hancock, John, 1737-1793","Lewis, Betty Washington, 1733-1797","Custis, John Parke, 1754-1781","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Washington, Hannah Bushrod, approximately 1738-1804","Pine, Robert Edge, 1730?-1788","Greenleaf, Moses, 1755-1812","Fitzgerald, John, -1799","Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1757-1834","Jay, John, 1745-1829","Washington, William Augustine, 1757-1810","Jenifer, Daniel of St. Thomas, 1723-1790","Ledyard, William, 1738-1781","Destouches, Charles-René-Dominique Sochet, 1727-1794","Barras, Jacques-Melchior, Comte de, 1719-1793","Stuart, Eleanor Calvert Custis, approximately 1758-1811","Rochambeau, Jean-Baptiste-Donatien de Vimeur, comte de, 1725-1807","Chastellux, François Jean, marquis de, 1734-1788","Washington, Charles, 1738-1799","Humphreys, David, 1752-1818","Powel, Elizabeth Willing, 1743-1830","Lear, Frances \"Fanny\" Bassett Washington, 1767-1796","Washington, George Augustine, approximately 1759-1793","French, Penelope Manley, approximately 1739-","Lewis, John, 1747-1825","Schuyler, Philip John, 1733-1804","Whiting, Matthew, 1730-1810","Ball, Burgess, 1749-1800","Lee, Richard Henry, 1794-1865","Franklin, Benjamin, 1706-1790","Houdon, Jean-Antoine, 1741-1828","Bassett, Burwell, 1764-1841","Washington, Corbin, 1764-1799","Washington, Hannah Fairfax, 1742-1804","Biddle, Clement, 1740-1814","Tilghman, Tench, 1744-1786","Lear, Tobias, 1762-1816","Washington, Julia Ann Blackburn, 1768-1829","Craufurd, Sarah Blackburn, 1772-1862","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Washington, Bushrod, 1785-1830","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","Powel, Samuel, 1738-1793","Lee, William, approximately 1752-","Lewis, Robert, 1769-1829","Marshall, John, 1755-1835","Craik, James, 1730-1814","Leggett, Aaron, 1792-1860","White, Alexander, 1738-1804","Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826","Pickering, Timothy, 1745-1829","Knox, Henry, 1750-1806","Peter, Martha Parke Custis, 1777-1854","Washington, William, 1752-1810","Knox, Lucy Flucker, 1760-1824","Whitting, Anthony, -1793","Blackburn, Christian Scott, 1745-1815","Fraunces, Samuel, approximately 1722-1795","Dandridge, Bartholomew, approximately 1774-1802","Buchan, David Stewart Erskine, Earl of, 1742-1829","Scott, Gustavus, 1753-1800","Butler, James (Overseer)","Sinclair, John, Sir, 1754-1835","Washington, Anna Maria Thomasina Blackburn, 1790-1833","Monroe, James, 1758-1831","Lewis, Lawrence, 1767-1839","Pearce, William (Farm manager)","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Armstrong, John, 1758-1843","Gates, Horatio, 1728-1806","McHenry, James, 1753-1816","Cornwallis, Charles Cornwallis, Marquis, 1738-1805","Law, Thomas, 1756-1834","Lee, Henry, 1756-1818","Latrobe, Benjamin Henry, 1764-1820","Anderson, James, 1745-1807","Washington, Lawrence Augustine, 1774-1824","Cabot, George, 1752-1823","Hamilton, Alexander, 1757-1804","Fairfax, Bryan Fairfax, Baron, 1736-1802","Webb, James","Lear, Mary Stilson, 1739-1829","Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth, 1746-1825","Bowie, William","West, Benjamin, 1738-1820","Adams, John, 1735-1826","Washington, George Steptoe, 1771-1809","Simms, Charles","King, Rufus, 1755-1827","Stuart, David, 1753-1814","Peters, Richard, 1744-1828","Pinckney, Mary Stead, approximately 1751-1812","Craik, William, 1761-1807","Burd, Edward Shippen, 1779-1848","Madison, James, 1751-1836","Law, John, 1784?-1822","Law, Elizabeth Parke Custis, 1776-1831","Washington, George Fayette, 1790-1867","Beverley, Robert, 1769-1843","Rogers, Nicholas, 1753-1822","Washington, John Augustine, II, 1789-1832","Washington, George Corbin, 1789-1854","Rush, Benjamin, 1746-1813","White, William, 1748-1836","Morris, Robert, 1734-1806","Thornton, Anna Maria Washington, 1788-1816","Carter, Betty Lewis, 1765-1830","Conrad, Mary Eliza Angela Lewis, 1813-1839","Lewis, Lorenzo, 1803-1847","Tucker, St. George, 1752-1827","Butler, Frances Parke, 1799-1875","Washington, Bushrod Corbin, 1790-1851","Turner, Henry S.","Hooe, John, Jr.","Lafayette, Georges Washington Louis Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1779-1849 -- Travel","Peter, Thomas, 1769-1834","Thompson, Smith, 1768-1843","Trumbull, John, 1756-1843","Smith, Treadwell","Butler, Edward George Washington, 1800-1888 -- Death and burial","Sparks, Jared, 1789-1866","Washington, Lewis William, 1812-1871","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Clay, Henry, 1777-1852","Rogers, Elizabeth Parke Custis Law, 1797-1822","Jackson, Andrew, 1767-1845","Clay, Clement Comer, 1789-1866","Lewis, Esther Maria Coxe, 1804-1885","Lee, Edmund Jennings, 1772-1843","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852 -- Family","Monroe, Hortensia","Lafayette, Georges Washington Louis Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1779-1849","Wentworth, Tappan, 1802-1875","Webster, Daniel, 1782-1852","Conrad, Charles Magill, 1804-1878","Costin, William, 1780?-1842","Goldsborough, Charles, 1765-1834","Bayard, Samuel, 1767-1840","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868","Mitchell, Jim, 1795-1870","Johnson, Gabriel, 1820-","Harrison, Henry Tazewell, 1796-1881","Anderson, Sambo, -1845","Alexander, Hannah Lee Washington, 1811-1881","Tabb, John Prosser","Taliaferro, John, 1768-1852","Butler, Edward George Washington, 1800-1888","Alexander, Anna Maria Washington, 1817-1850","Peter, George Washington, 1801-1877","Washington, Thomas Blackburn, 1812-1854","McFarland, Joseph","Herbert, Bushrod Washington, -1888","Madison, Dolley, 1768-1849","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Johnston, Dennis, 1788-1852","Herbert, Noblet, Jr., 1826-1856","Bruin, Joseph","Hill, Henry P., active 1843-1845","Lindsly, Harvey, 1804-1889","Lewis, Samuel","Bassett, George Washington, 1800-1878","Murphy, Henry Cruse, 1810-1882","Taylor, Zachary, 1784-1850","Alexander, Judith Ball Blackburn, 1796-1866","Hooff, P. H.","Washington, H. A. (Henry Augustine), 1820-1858","Peter, George, 1779-1861","Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863","Brown, James M.","Corcoran, W.W. (William Wilson), 1798-1888","Lossing, Benson John, 1813-1891","Irving, Washington, 1783-1859","Mills, Clark, 1810-1883","Rogers, Edmund Law","Wright, John S.  (John Stephen), 1815-1874","Wise, Henry A. (Henry Alexander), 1806-1876","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Crutchett, James, 1816-","Eyre, Louisa Lincoln Lear, 1831-1912","Lear, Frances Dandridge Henley, 1779-1856","Peale, Rembrandt, 1778-1860","Peale, Charles Willson, 1741-1827","Thomas, James","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","Lee, Mary Custis, 1835-1918","Shackleford, Benjamin Howard","Turner, Edward C. (Edward Carter), 1816-1891","Rossiter, Thomas Prichard, 1818-1871","Meigs, Montgomery C. (Montgomery Cunningham), 1816-1892","Hughes, George R. H., 1832-1914","Oberly, Aaron S., 1837-1918","Lee, Robert E.  (Robert Edward), 1807-1870","Hollingsworth, John McHenry, 1823-1889","Gardoqui y Arriquibar, Diego, 1735-1798","Finch, Fannie Louisa Augusta Washington, 1828-1900","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Washington, Bushrod C. (Bushrod Corbin), 1839-1919","Townsend, Justine Van Rensselaer, 1828-1912","Smith, Samuel Francis, 1808-1895","Davis, Varina, 1826-1906","Howard, Eleanor Washington, 1856-1937","Pierce, Franklin, 1804-1869","Trumbull, Jonathan, 1740-1809","Carroll, Charles, 1737-1832","Comegys, Margaret Douglass, 1816-1888","Riggs, Jane Agnes, 1854-1930","Hamilton, Elizabeth Schuyler, 1757-1854","Toner, Joseph M.  (Joseph Meredith), 1825-1896","Zouche of Harringworth, Edward La Zouche, Baron, 1556?-1625","Carlin, William, 1732-1820","Fairfax, William George, Sir, 1739-1813","Walker, Benjamin, 1753-1818","Poor, Enoch, 1736-1780","Frobel, Anne S., 1816-1907","Custis, Martha Parke, 1755-1773","Vaughan, Samuel, active 18th century","Brooke, Robert, -1744","Fairfax, Thomas Fairfax, Lord, 1693-1781","Sprout, Ebenezer, -1805","Paine, Thomas, 1737-1809","Hustler, John, 1715-1790","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Historic manuscript collection, 1601/1933"],"collection_ssim":["Historic manuscript collection, 1601/1933"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC.HMC","/repositories/3/resources/34"],"unitid_tesim":["SC.HMC","/repositories/3/resources/34"],"repository_ssm":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Washington, Lawrence, 1565-1616","Washington, John, -1677","Spencer, Nicholas, 1633-1677","Brent, George","Byrd, William, 1674-1744","Parke, Daniel, 1664 or 1665-1710","Custis, John, 1678-1749","Custis, Daniel Parke, 1711-1757","Fairfax, Catherine Culpeper, Baroness, -1719","Darrell, Sampson, -1777","Washington, Augustine, approximately 1694-1743","Fairfax, William, 1691?-1757","Lee, Henry, 1691-1747","Berry, Joseph","Vernon, Edward, 1684-1757","Washington, Lawrence, 1718-1752","Washington, Augustine, 1718?-1762","Braddock, Edward, 1695?-1755","Washington, Martha, 1731-1802","Fairfax, George William, 1724-1787","Washington, Mary Ball, 1708-1789","Washington, John Augustine, 1736-1787","Rutherford, Thomas Abdy, 1755-1798","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Bassett, Burwell, -1793","Carlyle, John, 1720-1780","Lewis, Fielding, 1725-1781 or 1782","Washington, Lund, 1737-1796","Mifflin, Thomas, 1744-1800","Mason, George, 1725-1792","Arnold, Benedict, 1741-1801","Hancock, John, 1737-1793","Lewis, Betty Washington, 1733-1797","Custis, John Parke, 1754-1781","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Washington, Hannah Bushrod, approximately 1738-1804","Pine, Robert Edge, 1730?-1788","Greenleaf, Moses, 1755-1812","Fitzgerald, John, -1799","Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1757-1834","Jay, John, 1745-1829","Washington, William Augustine, 1757-1810","Jenifer, Daniel of St. Thomas, 1723-1790","Ledyard, William, 1738-1781","Destouches, Charles-René-Dominique Sochet, 1727-1794","Barras, Jacques-Melchior, Comte de, 1719-1793","Stuart, Eleanor Calvert Custis, approximately 1758-1811","Rochambeau, Jean-Baptiste-Donatien de Vimeur, comte de, 1725-1807","Chastellux, François Jean, marquis de, 1734-1788","Washington, Charles, 1738-1799","Humphreys, David, 1752-1818","Powel, Elizabeth Willing, 1743-1830","Lear, Frances \"Fanny\" Bassett Washington, 1767-1796","Washington, George Augustine, approximately 1759-1793","French, Penelope Manley, approximately 1739-","Lewis, John, 1747-1825","Schuyler, Philip John, 1733-1804","Whiting, Matthew, 1730-1810","Ball, Burgess, 1749-1800","Lee, Richard Henry, 1794-1865","Franklin, Benjamin, 1706-1790","Houdon, Jean-Antoine, 1741-1828","Bassett, Burwell, 1764-1841","Washington, Corbin, 1764-1799","Washington, Hannah Fairfax, 1742-1804","Biddle, Clement, 1740-1814","Tilghman, Tench, 1744-1786","Lear, Tobias, 1762-1816","Washington, Julia Ann Blackburn, 1768-1829","Craufurd, Sarah Blackburn, 1772-1862","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Washington, Bushrod, 1785-1830","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","Powel, Samuel, 1738-1793","Lee, William, approximately 1752-","Lewis, Robert, 1769-1829","Marshall, John, 1755-1835","Craik, James, 1730-1814","Leggett, Aaron, 1792-1860","White, Alexander, 1738-1804","Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826","Pickering, Timothy, 1745-1829","Knox, Henry, 1750-1806","Peter, Martha Parke Custis, 1777-1854","Washington, William, 1752-1810","Knox, Lucy Flucker, 1760-1824","Whitting, Anthony, -1793","Blackburn, Christian Scott, 1745-1815","Fraunces, Samuel, approximately 1722-1795","Dandridge, Bartholomew, approximately 1774-1802","Buchan, David Stewart Erskine, Earl of, 1742-1829","Scott, Gustavus, 1753-1800","Butler, James (Overseer)","Sinclair, John, Sir, 1754-1835","Washington, Anna Maria Thomasina Blackburn, 1790-1833","Monroe, James, 1758-1831","Lewis, Lawrence, 1767-1839","Pearce, William (Farm manager)","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Armstrong, John, 1758-1843","Gates, Horatio, 1728-1806","McHenry, James, 1753-1816","Cornwallis, Charles Cornwallis, Marquis, 1738-1805","Law, Thomas, 1756-1834","Lee, Henry, 1756-1818","Latrobe, Benjamin Henry, 1764-1820","Anderson, James, 1745-1807","Washington, Lawrence Augustine, 1774-1824","Cabot, George, 1752-1823","Hamilton, Alexander, 1757-1804","Fairfax, Bryan Fairfax, Baron, 1736-1802","Webb, James","Lear, Mary Stilson, 1739-1829","Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth, 1746-1825","Bowie, William","West, Benjamin, 1738-1820","Adams, John, 1735-1826","Washington, George Steptoe, 1771-1809","Simms, Charles","King, Rufus, 1755-1827","Stuart, David, 1753-1814","Peters, Richard, 1744-1828","Pinckney, Mary Stead, approximately 1751-1812","Craik, William, 1761-1807","Burd, Edward Shippen, 1779-1848","Madison, James, 1751-1836","Law, John, 1784?-1822","Law, Elizabeth Parke Custis, 1776-1831","Washington, George Fayette, 1790-1867","Beverley, Robert, 1769-1843","Rogers, Nicholas, 1753-1822","Washington, John Augustine, II, 1789-1832","Washington, George Corbin, 1789-1854","Rush, Benjamin, 1746-1813","White, William, 1748-1836","Morris, Robert, 1734-1806","Thornton, Anna Maria Washington, 1788-1816","Carter, Betty Lewis, 1765-1830","Conrad, Mary Eliza Angela Lewis, 1813-1839","Lewis, Lorenzo, 1803-1847","Tucker, St. George, 1752-1827","Butler, Frances Parke, 1799-1875","Washington, Bushrod Corbin, 1790-1851","Turner, Henry S.","Hooe, John, Jr.","Lafayette, Georges Washington Louis Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1779-1849 -- Travel","Peter, Thomas, 1769-1834","Thompson, Smith, 1768-1843","Trumbull, John, 1756-1843","Smith, Treadwell","Butler, Edward George Washington, 1800-1888 -- Death and burial","Sparks, Jared, 1789-1866","Washington, Lewis William, 1812-1871","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Clay, Henry, 1777-1852","Rogers, Elizabeth Parke Custis Law, 1797-1822","Jackson, Andrew, 1767-1845","Clay, Clement Comer, 1789-1866","Lewis, Esther Maria Coxe, 1804-1885","Lee, Edmund Jennings, 1772-1843","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852 -- Family","Monroe, Hortensia","Lafayette, Georges Washington Louis Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1779-1849","Wentworth, Tappan, 1802-1875","Webster, Daniel, 1782-1852","Conrad, Charles Magill, 1804-1878","Costin, William, 1780?-1842","Goldsborough, Charles, 1765-1834","Bayard, Samuel, 1767-1840","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868","Mitchell, Jim, 1795-1870","Johnson, Gabriel, 1820-","Harrison, Henry Tazewell, 1796-1881","Anderson, Sambo, -1845","Alexander, Hannah Lee Washington, 1811-1881","Tabb, John Prosser","Taliaferro, John, 1768-1852","Butler, Edward George Washington, 1800-1888","Alexander, Anna Maria Washington, 1817-1850","Peter, George Washington, 1801-1877","Washington, Thomas Blackburn, 1812-1854","McFarland, Joseph","Herbert, Bushrod Washington, -1888","Madison, Dolley, 1768-1849","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Johnston, Dennis, 1788-1852","Herbert, Noblet, Jr., 1826-1856","Bruin, Joseph","Hill, Henry P., active 1843-1845","Lindsly, Harvey, 1804-1889","Lewis, Samuel","Bassett, George Washington, 1800-1878","Murphy, Henry Cruse, 1810-1882","Taylor, Zachary, 1784-1850","Alexander, Judith Ball Blackburn, 1796-1866","Hooff, P. H.","Washington, H. A. (Henry Augustine), 1820-1858","Peter, George, 1779-1861","Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863","Brown, James M.","Corcoran, W.W. (William Wilson), 1798-1888","Lossing, Benson John, 1813-1891","Irving, Washington, 1783-1859","Mills, Clark, 1810-1883","Rogers, Edmund Law","Wright, John S.  (John Stephen), 1815-1874","Wise, Henry A. (Henry Alexander), 1806-1876","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Crutchett, James, 1816-","Eyre, Louisa Lincoln Lear, 1831-1912","Lear, Frances Dandridge Henley, 1779-1856","Peale, Rembrandt, 1778-1860","Peale, Charles Willson, 1741-1827","Thomas, James","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","Lee, Mary Custis, 1835-1918","Shackleford, Benjamin Howard","Turner, Edward C. (Edward Carter), 1816-1891","Rossiter, Thomas Prichard, 1818-1871","Meigs, Montgomery C. (Montgomery Cunningham), 1816-1892","Hughes, George R. H., 1832-1914","Oberly, Aaron S., 1837-1918","Lee, Robert E.  (Robert Edward), 1807-1870","Hollingsworth, John McHenry, 1823-1889","Gardoqui y Arriquibar, Diego, 1735-1798","Finch, Fannie Louisa Augusta Washington, 1828-1900","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Washington, Bushrod C. (Bushrod Corbin), 1839-1919","Townsend, Justine Van Rensselaer, 1828-1912","Smith, Samuel Francis, 1808-1895","Davis, Varina, 1826-1906","Howard, Eleanor Washington, 1856-1937","Pierce, Franklin, 1804-1869","Trumbull, Jonathan, 1740-1809","Carroll, Charles, 1737-1832","Comegys, Margaret Douglass, 1816-1888","Riggs, Jane Agnes, 1854-1930","Hamilton, Elizabeth Schuyler, 1757-1854","Toner, Joseph M.  (Joseph Meredith), 1825-1896","Zouche of Harringworth, Edward La Zouche, Baron, 1556?-1625","Carlin, William, 1732-1820","Fairfax, William George, Sir, 1739-1813","Walker, Benjamin, 1753-1818","Poor, Enoch, 1736-1780","Frobel, Anne S., 1816-1907","Custis, Martha Parke, 1755-1773","Vaughan, Samuel, active 18th century","Brooke, Robert, -1744","Fairfax, Thomas Fairfax, Lord, 1693-1781","Sprout, Ebenezer, -1805","Paine, Thomas, 1737-1809","Hustler, John, 1715-1790"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Hall \u0026 Sellers (Philadelphia)","United States. Continental Congress","Potomac Company","Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union"],"creator_famname_ssim":["La Fayette Family","Custis Family","Fairfax family"],"creators_ssim":["Washington, Lawrence, 1565-1616","Washington, John, -1677","Spencer, Nicholas, 1633-1677","Brent, George","Byrd, William, 1674-1744","Parke, Daniel, 1664 or 1665-1710","Custis, John, 1678-1749","Custis, Daniel Parke, 1711-1757","Fairfax, Catherine Culpeper, Baroness, -1719","Darrell, Sampson, -1777","Washington, Augustine, approximately 1694-1743","Fairfax, William, 1691?-1757","Lee, Henry, 1691-1747","Berry, Joseph","Vernon, Edward, 1684-1757","Washington, Lawrence, 1718-1752","Washington, Augustine, 1718?-1762","Braddock, Edward, 1695?-1755","Washington, Martha, 1731-1802","Fairfax, George William, 1724-1787","Washington, Mary Ball, 1708-1789","Washington, John Augustine, 1736-1787","Rutherford, Thomas Abdy, 1755-1798","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Bassett, Burwell, -1793","Carlyle, John, 1720-1780","Lewis, Fielding, 1725-1781 or 1782","Washington, Lund, 1737-1796","Mifflin, Thomas, 1744-1800","Mason, George, 1725-1792","Arnold, Benedict, 1741-1801","Hancock, John, 1737-1793","Lewis, Betty Washington, 1733-1797","Custis, John Parke, 1754-1781","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Washington, Hannah Bushrod, approximately 1738-1804","Pine, Robert Edge, 1730?-1788","Greenleaf, Moses, 1755-1812","Fitzgerald, John, -1799","Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1757-1834","Jay, John, 1745-1829","Washington, William Augustine, 1757-1810","Jenifer, Daniel of St. Thomas, 1723-1790","Ledyard, William, 1738-1781","Destouches, Charles-René-Dominique Sochet, 1727-1794","Barras, Jacques-Melchior, Comte de, 1719-1793","Stuart, Eleanor Calvert Custis, approximately 1758-1811","Rochambeau, Jean-Baptiste-Donatien de Vimeur, comte de, 1725-1807","Chastellux, François Jean, marquis de, 1734-1788","Washington, Charles, 1738-1799","Humphreys, David, 1752-1818","Powel, Elizabeth Willing, 1743-1830","Lear, Frances \"Fanny\" Bassett Washington, 1767-1796","Washington, George Augustine, approximately 1759-1793","French, Penelope Manley, approximately 1739-","Lewis, John, 1747-1825","Schuyler, Philip John, 1733-1804","Whiting, Matthew, 1730-1810","Ball, Burgess, 1749-1800","Lee, Richard Henry, 1794-1865","Franklin, Benjamin, 1706-1790","Houdon, Jean-Antoine, 1741-1828","Bassett, Burwell, 1764-1841","Washington, Corbin, 1764-1799","Washington, Hannah Fairfax, 1742-1804","Biddle, Clement, 1740-1814","Tilghman, Tench, 1744-1786","Lear, Tobias, 1762-1816","Washington, Julia Ann Blackburn, 1768-1829","Craufurd, Sarah Blackburn, 1772-1862","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Washington, Bushrod, 1785-1830","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","Powel, Samuel, 1738-1793","Lee, William, approximately 1752-","Lewis, Robert, 1769-1829","Marshall, John, 1755-1835","Craik, James, 1730-1814","Leggett, Aaron, 1792-1860","White, Alexander, 1738-1804","Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826","Pickering, Timothy, 1745-1829","Knox, Henry, 1750-1806","Peter, Martha Parke Custis, 1777-1854","Washington, William, 1752-1810","Knox, Lucy Flucker, 1760-1824","Whitting, Anthony, -1793","Blackburn, Christian Scott, 1745-1815","Fraunces, Samuel, approximately 1722-1795","Dandridge, Bartholomew, approximately 1774-1802","Buchan, David Stewart Erskine, Earl of, 1742-1829","Scott, Gustavus, 1753-1800","Butler, James (Overseer)","Sinclair, John, Sir, 1754-1835","Washington, Anna Maria Thomasina Blackburn, 1790-1833","Monroe, James, 1758-1831","Lewis, Lawrence, 1767-1839","Pearce, William (Farm manager)","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Armstrong, John, 1758-1843","Gates, Horatio, 1728-1806","McHenry, James, 1753-1816","Cornwallis, Charles Cornwallis, Marquis, 1738-1805","Law, Thomas, 1756-1834","Lee, Henry, 1756-1818","Latrobe, Benjamin Henry, 1764-1820","Anderson, James, 1745-1807","Washington, Lawrence Augustine, 1774-1824","Cabot, George, 1752-1823","Hamilton, Alexander, 1757-1804","Fairfax, Bryan Fairfax, Baron, 1736-1802","Webb, James","Lear, Mary Stilson, 1739-1829","Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth, 1746-1825","Bowie, William","West, Benjamin, 1738-1820","Adams, John, 1735-1826","Washington, George Steptoe, 1771-1809","Simms, Charles","King, Rufus, 1755-1827","Stuart, David, 1753-1814","Peters, Richard, 1744-1828","Pinckney, Mary Stead, approximately 1751-1812","Craik, William, 1761-1807","Burd, Edward Shippen, 1779-1848","Madison, James, 1751-1836","Law, John, 1784?-1822","Law, Elizabeth Parke Custis, 1776-1831","Washington, George Fayette, 1790-1867","Beverley, Robert, 1769-1843","Rogers, Nicholas, 1753-1822","Washington, John Augustine, II, 1789-1832","Washington, George Corbin, 1789-1854","Rush, Benjamin, 1746-1813","White, William, 1748-1836","Morris, Robert, 1734-1806","Thornton, Anna Maria Washington, 1788-1816","Carter, Betty Lewis, 1765-1830","Conrad, Mary Eliza Angela Lewis, 1813-1839","Lewis, Lorenzo, 1803-1847","Tucker, St. George, 1752-1827","Butler, Frances Parke, 1799-1875","Washington, Bushrod Corbin, 1790-1851","Turner, Henry S.","Hooe, John, Jr.","Lafayette, Georges Washington Louis Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1779-1849 -- Travel","Peter, Thomas, 1769-1834","Thompson, Smith, 1768-1843","Trumbull, John, 1756-1843","Smith, Treadwell","Butler, Edward George Washington, 1800-1888 -- Death and burial","Sparks, Jared, 1789-1866","Washington, Lewis William, 1812-1871","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Clay, Henry, 1777-1852","Rogers, Elizabeth Parke Custis Law, 1797-1822","Jackson, Andrew, 1767-1845","Clay, Clement Comer, 1789-1866","Lewis, Esther Maria Coxe, 1804-1885","Lee, Edmund Jennings, 1772-1843","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852 -- Family","Monroe, Hortensia","Lafayette, Georges Washington Louis Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1779-1849","Wentworth, Tappan, 1802-1875","Webster, Daniel, 1782-1852","Conrad, Charles Magill, 1804-1878","Costin, William, 1780?-1842","Goldsborough, Charles, 1765-1834","Bayard, Samuel, 1767-1840","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868","Mitchell, Jim, 1795-1870","Johnson, Gabriel, 1820-","Harrison, Henry Tazewell, 1796-1881","Anderson, Sambo, -1845","Alexander, Hannah Lee Washington, 1811-1881","Tabb, John Prosser","Taliaferro, John, 1768-1852","Butler, Edward George Washington, 1800-1888","Alexander, Anna Maria Washington, 1817-1850","Peter, George Washington, 1801-1877","Washington, Thomas Blackburn, 1812-1854","McFarland, Joseph","Herbert, Bushrod Washington, -1888","Madison, Dolley, 1768-1849","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Johnston, Dennis, 1788-1852","Herbert, Noblet, Jr., 1826-1856","Bruin, Joseph","Hill, Henry P., active 1843-1845","Lindsly, Harvey, 1804-1889","Lewis, Samuel","Bassett, George Washington, 1800-1878","Murphy, Henry Cruse, 1810-1882","Taylor, Zachary, 1784-1850","Alexander, Judith Ball Blackburn, 1796-1866","Hooff, P. H.","Washington, H. A. (Henry Augustine), 1820-1858","Peter, George, 1779-1861","Gibson, Elizabeth Bordley, 1777-1863","Brown, James M.","Corcoran, W.W. (William Wilson), 1798-1888","Lossing, Benson John, 1813-1891","Irving, Washington, 1783-1859","Mills, Clark, 1810-1883","Rogers, Edmund Law","Wright, John S.  (John Stephen), 1815-1874","Wise, Henry A. (Henry Alexander), 1806-1876","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Crutchett, James, 1816-","Eyre, Louisa Lincoln Lear, 1831-1912","Lear, Frances Dandridge Henley, 1779-1856","Peale, Rembrandt, 1778-1860","Peale, Charles Willson, 1741-1827","Thomas, James","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","Lee, Mary Custis, 1835-1918","Shackleford, Benjamin Howard","Turner, Edward C. (Edward Carter), 1816-1891","Rossiter, Thomas Prichard, 1818-1871","Meigs, Montgomery C. (Montgomery Cunningham), 1816-1892","Hughes, George R. H., 1832-1914","Oberly, Aaron S., 1837-1918","Lee, Robert E.  (Robert Edward), 1807-1870","Hollingsworth, John McHenry, 1823-1889","Gardoqui y Arriquibar, Diego, 1735-1798","Finch, Fannie Louisa Augusta Washington, 1828-1900","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Washington, Bushrod C. (Bushrod Corbin), 1839-1919","Townsend, Justine Van Rensselaer, 1828-1912","Smith, Samuel Francis, 1808-1895","Davis, Varina, 1826-1906","Howard, Eleanor Washington, 1856-1937","Pierce, Franklin, 1804-1869","Trumbull, Jonathan, 1740-1809","Carroll, Charles, 1737-1832","Comegys, Margaret Douglass, 1816-1888","Riggs, Jane Agnes, 1854-1930","Hamilton, Elizabeth Schuyler, 1757-1854","Toner, Joseph M.  (Joseph Meredith), 1825-1896","Zouche of Harringworth, Edward La Zouche, Baron, 1556?-1625","Carlin, William, 1732-1820","Fairfax, William George, Sir, 1739-1813","Walker, Benjamin, 1753-1818","Poor, Enoch, 1736-1780","Frobel, Anne S., 1816-1907","Custis, Martha Parke, 1755-1773","Vaughan, Samuel, active 18th century","Brooke, Robert, -1744","Fairfax, Thomas Fairfax, Lord, 1693-1781","Sprout, Ebenezer, -1805","Paine, Thomas, 1737-1809","Hustler, John, 1715-1790","Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Hall \u0026 Sellers (Philadelphia)","United States. Continental Congress","Potomac Company","Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union","La Fayette Family","Custis Family","Fairfax family"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["approx. 60 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["approx. 60 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1601,1602,1603,1604,1605,1606,1607,1608,1609,1610,1611,1612,1613,1614,1615,1616,1617,1618,1619,1620,1621,1622,1623,1624,1625,1626,1627,1628,1629,1630,1631,1632,1633,1634,1635,1636,1637,1638,1639,1640,1641,1642,1643,1644,1645,1646,1647,1648,1649,1650,1651,1652,1653,1654,1655,1656,1657,1658,1659,1660,1661,1662,1663,1664,1665,1666,1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into three series: Series 1. Documents and Manuscripts; Series 2. Ledgers and Bound Manuscripts; Series 3. Oversized Documents and Manuscripts.  Each series is arranged in chronological order by date.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into three series: Series 1. Documents and Manuscripts; Series 2. Ledgers and Bound Manuscripts; Series 3. Oversized Documents and Manuscripts.  Each series is arranged in chronological order by date."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eItems in this collection were acquired by gift and purchase from various sources. Materials are added to the collection as they are acquired.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Items in this collection were acquired by gift and purchase from various sources. Materials are added to the collection as they are acquired."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], Historic Manuscript Collection, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Name and date of item], Historic Manuscript Collection, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection of historic manuscripts dates from 1607-1933, with the bulk of materials dating from 1738-1868. The correspondence, journals and diaries, legal and financial records, estate documents, and printed ephemera in the collection primarily relate to the Washington and Custis families, the Revolutionary War, and society life in antebellum Washington D.C. and Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePortions of this collection have been digitized, as noted in the item-level descriptions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection of historic manuscripts dates from 1607-1933, with the bulk of materials dating from 1738-1868. The correspondence, journals and diaries, legal and financial records, estate documents, and printed ephemera in the collection primarily relate to the Washington and Custis families, the Revolutionary War, and society life in antebellum Washington D.C. and Virginia.","Portions of this collection have been digitized, as noted in the item-level descriptions."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Hall \u0026 Sellers (Philadelphia)","United States. Continental Congress","Potomac Company","Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union"],"famname_ssim":["La Fayette Family","Custis Family","Fairfax family"],"persname_ssim":["Washington, Lawrence, 1565-1616","Washington, John, -1677","Spencer, Nicholas, 1633-1677","Brent, George","Byrd, William, 1674-1744","Parke, Daniel, 1664 or 1665-1710","Custis, John, 1678-1749","Custis, Daniel Parke, 1711-1757","Fairfax, Catherine Culpeper, Baroness, -1719","Darrell, Sampson, -1777","Washington, Augustine, approximately 1694-1743","Fairfax, William, 1691?-1757","Lee, Henry, 1691-1747","Berry, Joseph","Vernon, Edward, 1684-1757","Washington, Lawrence, 1718-1752","Washington, Augustine, 1718?-1762","Braddock, Edward, 1695?-1755","Washington, Martha, 1731-1802","Fairfax, George William, 1724-1787","Washington, Mary Ball, 1708-1789","Washington, John Augustine, 1736-1787","Rutherford, Thomas Abdy, 1755-1798","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Bassett, Burwell, -1793","Carlyle, John, 1720-1780","Lewis, Fielding, 1725-1781 or 1782","Washington, Lund, 1737-1796","Mifflin, Thomas, 1744-1800","Mason, George, 1725-1792","Arnold, Benedict, 1741-1801","Hancock, John, 1737-1793","Lewis, Betty Washington, 1733-1797","Custis, John Parke, 1754-1781","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Washington, Hannah Bushrod, approximately 1738-1804","Pine, Robert Edge, 1730?-1788","Greenleaf, Moses, 1755-1812","Fitzgerald, John, -1799","Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1757-1834","Jay, John, 1745-1829","Washington, William Augustine, 1757-1810","Jenifer, Daniel of St. Thomas, 1723-1790","Ledyard, William, 1738-1781","Destouches, Charles-René-Dominique Sochet, 1727-1794","Barras, Jacques-Melchior, Comte de, 1719-1793","Stuart, Eleanor Calvert Custis, approximately 1758-1811","Rochambeau, Jean-Baptiste-Donatien de Vimeur, comte de, 1725-1807","Chastellux, François Jean, marquis de, 1734-1788","Washington, Charles, 1738-1799","Humphreys, David, 1752-1818","Powel, Elizabeth 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Floyd, governor of Virginia, United States Secretary of War and Confederate general. The papers, chiefly 1850-1862, concern the three positions he held. Correspondents include James Buchanan, Jefferson Davis, Samuel Houston, Benjamin Huger, Alexander von Humboldt, R. M. T. Hunter, Charles James Faulkner, Jenny Lind, James Murray Mason, William Ballard Preston, Winfield Scott, John Tyler, Daniel Webster and the Duke of Wellington.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_958#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_958","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_958","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_958","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_958","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_958.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Floyd, John Buchanan, Papers","title_ssm":["John Buchanan Floyd Papers"],"title_tesim":["John Buchanan Floyd Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1831-1862"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1831-1862"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1831/1862"],"normalized_title_ssm":["John Buchanan Floyd Papers, 1831/1862"],"text":["John Buchanan Floyd Papers, 1831/1862","Mss. 65 F59","/repositories/2/resources/958","Virginia--Governors","Virginia--Politics and Government--19th century","Washington (D.C.)--Social life and customs","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","John Buchanan Floyd (1806-1863), was a Virginia politician (legislator and governor), U.S. Secretary of War, and the Confederate general in the American Civil War who lost the crucial Battle of Fort Donelson.","Papers, 1831-1863, of John B. Floyd, governor of Virginia, United States Secretary of War and Confederate general. The papers, chiefly 1850-1862, concern the three positions he held. Correspondents include James Buchanan, Jefferson Davis, Samuel Houston, Benjamin Huger, Alexander von Humboldt, R. M. T. Hunter, Charles James Faulkner, Jenny Lind, James Murray Mason, William Ballard Preston, Winfield Scott, John Tyler, Daniel Webster and the Duke of Wellington.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Floyd, John Buchanan, 1806-1863","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868","Davis, Jefferson, 1808-1889","Faulkner, Charles James, 1806-1884","Houston, Sam, 1793-1863","Huger, Benjamin, 1805-1877","Humboldt, Alexander von, 1769-1859","Hunter, R. M. T. (Robert Mercer Taliaferro), 1809-1887","Lind, Jenny, 1820-1887","Mason, J. M. 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(James Murray), 1798-1871","Preston, William Ballard, 1805-1862","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","Tyler, John, 1790-1862","Webster, Daniel, 1782-1852","Wellington, Arthur Wellesley, Duke of, 1769-1852","Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift; 1 item, October. 1924, by R. M. Hughes. Gift, 71 items, May 1940, by Estate of Robert M. 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M. T. (Robert Mercer Taliaferro), 1809-1887","Lind, Jenny, 1820-1887","Mason, J. M. (James Murray), 1798-1871","Preston, William Ballard, 1805-1862","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","Tyler, John, 1790-1862","Webster, Daniel, 1782-1852","Wellington, Arthur Wellesley, Duke of, 1769-1852"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Floyd, John Buchanan, 1806-1863","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868","Davis, Jefferson, 1808-1889","Faulkner, Charles James, 1806-1884","Houston, Sam, 1793-1863","Huger, Benjamin, 1805-1877","Humboldt, Alexander von, 1769-1859","Hunter, R. M. T. (Robert Mercer Taliaferro), 1809-1887","Lind, Jenny, 1820-1887","Mason, J. M. 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Prominent correspondents include James Buchanan, Washington Irving, Dennis Hart Mahan, Winfield Scott and Abel Parker Upshur. Also included is the correspondence of his father, John Robinson (including letters from William C. C. Claiborne), his brothers, Cary, Edwin, Conway and Eustace Robinson and his brother-in-law John C. R. Taylor whose letters concern plantation management. Also included are notebooks of Wirt Robinson.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8747#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8747","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8747","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8747","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8747","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_8747.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Robinson, Moncure Papers","title_ssm":["Moncure Robinson Papers"],"title_tesim":["Moncure Robinson Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1787-1889"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1787-1889"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1787/1889"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Moncure Robinson Papers, 1787/1889"],"text":["Moncure Robinson Papers, 1787/1889","01/Mss. 65 R56, 77-14","/repositories/2/resources/8747","Agriculture--Southern States--History--19th century","Civil engineering--United States--History--19th century","Richmond, Fredericksburg, and Potomac Railroad","Correspondence","Financial records","Notebooks","3302 items","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Moncure Robinson (1802-1891) was born in Richmond, Va. He was educated at the College of William and Mary and at the Sorbonne where he studied to be a civil engineer. He was a railroad planner and builder and a railroad and steamboat owner. His most noted project was the Philadelphia \u0026 Reading Railroad. He retired from engineering work in 1847. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: .","Moncure Robinson is referred to as \"one of the most distinguished civil engineers in the United States\" and the \"genius of America's earliest railways.\" He was instrumental in the early development and growth of the country's great railroad system.","Unlike many of the engineers of the early nineteenth century, Robinson did not receive his engineering education at West Point. He acquired his engineering education through self-directed study and the observation of engineering projects throughout the United States and Europe. Within nine years of the introduction of the first steam locomotive in the United States, he surveyed, supervised the construction, or was the consulting engineer for 721 miles of track, or one-third the entire railroad track built to that time. At the time of his death in 1891, over 163,000 miles of track spanned the country.","The Robinson family presence in Virginia dates to 1688 at New Charles Parish. Moncure Robinson was born in Richmond, Virginia on February 2, 1802. He was the eldest son of John Robinson III and Agnes Conway Moncure.","Moncure entered The College of William and Mary in 1816 and was a student there until his expulsion in 1818. The College asked Moncure and 21 other students to leave after a dispute involving the charges for a lecture class. He was later exonerated, but never returned to the school and fulfill his father's expectation to follow his example and become an attorney.","In 1818, fascinated by the canal building that was taking place in Virginia, Robinson applied for a position with the Board of Public Works to survey a route from Richmond to the Ohio River. Denied a job because of his youth, the Board recognized his enthusiasm and allowed Robinson to accompany the surveyors as a volunteer. Three years later, the Board hired him to assist in locating an extension for the James River Canal. He traveled to New York to view the construction of the Erie Canal. That visit convinced him of the advantages of railroads over canals as a means of transportation and an aid to commerce. He submitted a report to the Virginia Board of Public Works disputing the benefits of the further development of canals, and praising the value of the railroad in its place. The Board did not view the report enthusiastically. He resigned his position and, at that moment, became devoted to the development of railroads.","George Stephenson, the inventor of the first steam locomotive for railways that he called, a \"steam propelled traveling engine,\" influenced Robinson greatly. In 1825, Robinson traveled to Europe to meet Stephenson, and attended lectures in mathematics and science at the Sorbonne in France. For three years, he would study the canal and bridges of England and Wales, the great port installations built by Napoleon in France and the dikes of Holland.","Upon his return to the America in 1828, the state of Pennsylvania commissioned Robinson to survey a railroad link over the Alleghany Mountains at Blair's Gap Summit to connect a section of canal at Hollidaysburg on the east with one at Johnstown, 37 miles to the west. Robinson's innovative survey and ingenious design consisted of five level and five inclined planes on either side of the mountain. Stationary steam engines pulled railroad cars up a series of incline planes on one side of the mountain and lowered them down along the inclined plane system on the other side. His design provided specifications for the first railroad tunnel in the United States-the 901 foot Staple Bend Tunnel. The Alleghany Portage, completed in 1834, was an important section of a 400-mile system of canal and rail connecting Philadelphia with Pittsburgh to compete with the Erie Canal.","During the next three years, Robinson engaged in building railroads in Virginia. He was responsible for building four of the first five railroads in the state. His lines connected Richmond with Roanoke, Petersburg, Fredericksburg, and points on the Potomac River. He is responsible for designing a bridge over the James River to accommodate the route from Richmond to Petersburg. The bridge, considered engineering marvel at the time, was 2,844 feet long and rose sixty feet above the river. The latticed superstructure consisted of 19 spans of lengths varying form 140 to 153 feet.","The American Philosophical Society recognized Robinson's engineering proficiency and elected him to membership in 1834.","In 1835, Robinson married Charlotte Randolph Taylor, the granddaughter of Edmund Randolph, the first Attorney General of the United States and Thomas Jefferson's successor as Secretary of State. The newly married Robinson settled in Philadelphia. The Robinsons had 11 children, 5 sons, and 6 daughters, 8 surviving infancy. The surviving children were John Moncure of Baltimore, Edmund Randolph of New York, Agnes Conway, who married Charles Chauncey, Beverley who married Anna Foster, Charles Randolph, Moncure of Philadelphia, Frances Brown who married Algernon Sydney Biddle and Nathalie who married Henry C. Boyer.","In the first year of his marriage, Robinson began work on his greatest engineering achievement-the Philadelphia \u0026 Reading Railroad. The railroad was intended to carry anthracite coal mined in northeastern Pennsylvania to market at Philadelphia. The 1,932 foot Black Rock Tunnel at Phoenixville, and a stone bridge of four, 72-foot long spans spanning the Schuylkill River are major engineering features the line. As Chief Consulting Engineer, Robinson formulated three fundamental rules for determining road grades and track curvatures, invented the iron freight car and was first to use stone for track ballast. In 1836, he traveled to England to obtain investments in the Philadelphia \u0026 Reading and returned with over two million dollars from investors. Robinson designed and named one of most powerful steam locomotives of the time, the \"Gowan \u0026 Marx\", for its two prominent English investors. The \"Gowan \u0026 Marx\" could pull forty times its own weight.","In 1839, he surveyed the route for a railroad from Brunswick, Georgia, on the Atlantic coast, to the Gulf of Mexico.","In 1840, Nicholas I, the Czar of Russia attempted to employ Robinson to oversee the building of a railroad system in Russia. Robinson declined the offer but consulted with Russian engineers on how to proceed.","By appointment of the Secretary of the Navy in 1842, Robinson, along with Commodores William Shubrick and David Conner served on commissions that eventually recommended Wallabout Bay as the site for a dry dock and naval station in New York harbor.","Robinson retired from active civil engineering in 1847 and moved to Philadelphia to devote his time to his personal investments. He left his profession as the leading railroad engineer in the United States, attained an international reputation for engineering excellence and marvelous executive talents, and was frequently consulted during his retirement on various railroad projects. He influenced Frederick List, called the \"Father of German Railroads\" and Michel Chevalier, the Minister of Public Works under Louis Philippe and the most eminent engineer in France.","In 1853, the American Society of Civil Engineers bestowed one of its highest honors on Robinson by electing him an honorary member.","Robinson purchased a large farm at Penllyn, north of Philadelphia and operated it as a Southern plantation. He was an open advocate of abolition and freed his slaves at the outset of the Civil War; however, he had sympathies with the South partly because of his investments in southern railroads. His son John Moncure, a Colonel in the Confederate army, went to England by order of Jefferson Davis to procure loans and purchase supplies for the South. Many of the John's contacts were the very same investors that his father had courted during the construction of the Philadelphia \u0026 Reading. While in Europe, John corresponded with his father and transferred large sums of money southern banks.","Moncure Robinson died on November 16, 1891. He is buried at Laurel Hill Cemetery in Philadelphia. At the time of his death, there were over 163,000 miles of railroad track in the United States.","Box and folder inventory completed by Emily Eklund, SCRC staff, in January 2011.","See also; Robinson Family Papers (Mss. 39.1 R56), Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.","Personal and professional papers of Moncure Robinson dealing mostly with management of Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad in which he held controlling interest. Prominent correspondents include James Buchanan, Washington Irving, Dennis Hart Mahan, Winfield Scott and Abel Parker Upshur. Also included is the correspondence of his father, John Robinson (including letters from William C. C. Claiborne), his brothers, Cary, Edwin, Conway and Eustace Robinson and his brother-in-law John C. R. Taylor whose letters concern plantation management. Also included are notebooks of Wirt Robinson.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Reserach Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Robinson family","Robinson, Moncure, 1802-1891","Robinson Family","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","Upshur, A. P. (Abel Parker), 1790-1844","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Moncure Robinson Papers, 1787/1889"],"collection_ssim":["Moncure Robinson Papers, 1787/1889"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["01/Mss. 65 R56, 77-14","/repositories/2/resources/8747"],"unitid_tesim":["01/Mss. 65 R56, 77-14","/repositories/2/resources/8747"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_ssm":["Robinson, Moncure, 1802-1891","Robinson Family"],"creator_ssim":["Robinson, Moncure, 1802-1891","Robinson Family"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Robinson, Moncure, 1802-1891","Robinson Family","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","Upshur, A. P. (Abel Parker), 1790-1844"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Robinson family"],"creators_ssim":["Robinson, Moncure, 1802-1891","Robinson Family","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","Upshur, A. P. (Abel Parker), 1790-1844","Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Robinson family"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Reserach Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The materials in this collection were donated to William \u0026 Mary Special Collections Research Center numerous batches between the period of 1928 and 1977 by Miss Agnes Conway Robinson, Moncure Biddle (as a gift of the Moncure Robinson descendants), Wirt R. Robinson, and from University of Virginia Special Collections."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Agriculture--Southern States--History--19th century","Civil engineering--United States--History--19th century","Richmond, Fredericksburg, and Potomac Railroad","Correspondence","Financial records","Notebooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Agriculture--Southern States--History--19th century","Civil engineering--United States--History--19th century","Richmond, Fredericksburg, and Potomac Railroad","Correspondence","Financial records","Notebooks"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["3302 items"],"extent_ssm":["4.00 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["4.00 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Financial records","Notebooks"],"date_range_isim":[1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMoncure Robinson (1802-1891) was born in Richmond, Va. He was educated at the College of William and Mary and at the Sorbonne where he studied to be a civil engineer. He was a railroad planner and builder and a railroad and steamboat owner. His most noted project was the Philadelphia \u0026amp; Reading Railroad. He retired from engineering work in 1847. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: \u003cextref href=\"http://scdbwiki.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Moncure_Robinson\" title=\"Moncure Robinson\"\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Moncure Robinson is referred to as \"one of the most distinguished civil engineers in the United States\" and the \"genius of America's earliest railways.\" He was instrumental in the early development and growth of the country's great railroad system.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Unlike many of the engineers of the early nineteenth century, Robinson did not receive his engineering education at West Point. He acquired his engineering education through self-directed study and the observation of engineering projects throughout the United States and Europe. Within nine years of the introduction of the first steam locomotive in the United States, he surveyed, supervised the construction, or was the consulting engineer for 721 miles of track, or one-third the entire railroad track built to that time. At the time of his death in 1891, over 163,000 miles of track spanned the country.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e The Robinson family presence in Virginia dates to 1688 at New Charles Parish. Moncure Robinson was born in Richmond, Virginia on February 2, 1802. He was the eldest son of John Robinson III and Agnes Conway Moncure.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Moncure entered The College of William and Mary in 1816 and was a student there until his expulsion in 1818. The College asked Moncure and 21 other students to leave after a dispute involving the charges for a lecture class. He was later exonerated, but never returned to the school and fulfill his father's expectation to follow his example and become an attorney.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e In 1818, fascinated by the canal building that was taking place in Virginia, Robinson applied for a position with the Board of Public Works to survey a route from Richmond to the Ohio River. Denied a job because of his youth, the Board recognized his enthusiasm and allowed Robinson to accompany the surveyors as a volunteer. Three years later, the Board hired him to assist in locating an extension for the James River Canal. He traveled to New York to view the construction of the Erie Canal. That visit convinced him of the advantages of railroads over canals as a means of transportation and an aid to commerce. He submitted a report to the Virginia Board of Public Works disputing the benefits of the further development of canals, and praising the value of the railroad in its place. The Board did not view the report enthusiastically. He resigned his position and, at that moment, became devoted to the development of railroads.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e George Stephenson, the inventor of the first steam locomotive for railways that he called, a \"steam propelled traveling engine,\" influenced Robinson greatly. In 1825, Robinson traveled to Europe to meet Stephenson, and attended lectures in mathematics and science at the Sorbonne in France. For three years, he would study the canal and bridges of England and Wales, the great port installations built by Napoleon in France and the dikes of Holland.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Upon his return to the America in 1828, the state of Pennsylvania commissioned Robinson to survey a railroad link over the Alleghany Mountains at Blair's Gap Summit to connect a section of canal at Hollidaysburg on the east with one at Johnstown, 37 miles to the west. Robinson's innovative survey and ingenious design consisted of five level and five inclined planes on either side of the mountain. Stationary steam engines pulled railroad cars up a series of incline planes on one side of the mountain and lowered them down along the inclined plane system on the other side. His design provided specifications for the first railroad tunnel in the United States-the 901 foot Staple Bend Tunnel. The Alleghany Portage, completed in 1834, was an important section of a 400-mile system of canal and rail connecting Philadelphia with Pittsburgh to compete with the Erie Canal.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e During the next three years, Robinson engaged in building railroads in Virginia. He was responsible for building four of the first five railroads in the state. His lines connected Richmond with Roanoke, Petersburg, Fredericksburg, and points on the Potomac River. He is responsible for designing a bridge over the James River to accommodate the route from Richmond to Petersburg. The bridge, considered engineering marvel at the time, was 2,844 feet long and rose sixty feet above the river. The latticed superstructure consisted of 19 spans of lengths varying form 140 to 153 feet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e The American Philosophical Society recognized Robinson's engineering proficiency and elected him to membership in 1834.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e In 1835, Robinson married Charlotte Randolph Taylor, the granddaughter of Edmund Randolph, the first Attorney General of the United States and Thomas Jefferson's successor as Secretary of State. The newly married Robinson settled in Philadelphia. The Robinsons had 11 children, 5 sons, and 6 daughters, 8 surviving infancy. The surviving children were John Moncure of Baltimore, Edmund Randolph of New York, Agnes Conway, who married Charles Chauncey, Beverley who married Anna Foster, Charles Randolph, Moncure of Philadelphia, Frances Brown who married Algernon Sydney Biddle and Nathalie who married Henry C. Boyer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e In the first year of his marriage, Robinson began work on his greatest engineering achievement-the Philadelphia \u0026amp; Reading Railroad. The railroad was intended to carry anthracite coal mined in northeastern Pennsylvania to market at Philadelphia. The 1,932 foot Black Rock Tunnel at Phoenixville, and a stone bridge of four, 72-foot long spans spanning the Schuylkill River are major engineering features the line. As Chief Consulting Engineer, Robinson formulated three fundamental rules for determining road grades and track curvatures, invented the iron freight car and was first to use stone for track ballast. In 1836, he traveled to England to obtain investments in the Philadelphia \u0026amp; Reading and returned with over two million dollars from investors. Robinson designed and named one of most powerful steam locomotives of the time, the \"Gowan \u0026amp; Marx\", for its two prominent English investors. The \"Gowan \u0026amp; Marx\" could pull forty times its own weight.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e In 1839, he surveyed the route for a railroad from Brunswick, Georgia, on the Atlantic coast, to the Gulf of Mexico.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e In 1840, Nicholas I, the Czar of Russia attempted to employ Robinson to oversee the building of a railroad system in Russia. Robinson declined the offer but consulted with Russian engineers on how to proceed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e By appointment of the Secretary of the Navy in 1842, Robinson, along with Commodores William Shubrick and David Conner served on commissions that eventually recommended Wallabout Bay as the site for a dry dock and naval station in New York harbor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Robinson retired from active civil engineering in 1847 and moved to Philadelphia to devote his time to his personal investments. He left his profession as the leading railroad engineer in the United States, attained an international reputation for engineering excellence and marvelous executive talents, and was frequently consulted during his retirement on various railroad projects. He influenced Frederick List, called the \"Father of German Railroads\" and Michel Chevalier, the Minister of Public Works under Louis Philippe and the most eminent engineer in France.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e In 1853, the American Society of Civil Engineers bestowed one of its highest honors on Robinson by electing him an honorary member.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Robinson purchased a large farm at Penllyn, north of Philadelphia and operated it as a Southern plantation. He was an open advocate of abolition and freed his slaves at the outset of the Civil War; however, he had sympathies with the South partly because of his investments in southern railroads. His son John Moncure, a Colonel in the Confederate army, went to England by order of Jefferson Davis to procure loans and purchase supplies for the South. Many of the John's contacts were the very same investors that his father had courted during the construction of the Philadelphia \u0026amp; Reading. While in Europe, John corresponded with his father and transferred large sums of money southern banks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Moncure Robinson died on November 16, 1891. He is buried at Laurel Hill Cemetery in Philadelphia. At the time of his death, there were over 163,000 miles of railroad track in the United States.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["Moncure Robinson (1802-1891) was born in Richmond, Va. He was educated at the College of William and Mary and at the Sorbonne where he studied to be a civil engineer. He was a railroad planner and builder and a railroad and steamboat owner. His most noted project was the Philadelphia \u0026 Reading Railroad. He retired from engineering work in 1847. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: .","Moncure Robinson is referred to as \"one of the most distinguished civil engineers in the United States\" and the \"genius of America's earliest railways.\" He was instrumental in the early development and growth of the country's great railroad system.","Unlike many of the engineers of the early nineteenth century, Robinson did not receive his engineering education at West Point. He acquired his engineering education through self-directed study and the observation of engineering projects throughout the United States and Europe. Within nine years of the introduction of the first steam locomotive in the United States, he surveyed, supervised the construction, or was the consulting engineer for 721 miles of track, or one-third the entire railroad track built to that time. At the time of his death in 1891, over 163,000 miles of track spanned the country.","The Robinson family presence in Virginia dates to 1688 at New Charles Parish. Moncure Robinson was born in Richmond, Virginia on February 2, 1802. He was the eldest son of John Robinson III and Agnes Conway Moncure.","Moncure entered The College of William and Mary in 1816 and was a student there until his expulsion in 1818. The College asked Moncure and 21 other students to leave after a dispute involving the charges for a lecture class. He was later exonerated, but never returned to the school and fulfill his father's expectation to follow his example and become an attorney.","In 1818, fascinated by the canal building that was taking place in Virginia, Robinson applied for a position with the Board of Public Works to survey a route from Richmond to the Ohio River. Denied a job because of his youth, the Board recognized his enthusiasm and allowed Robinson to accompany the surveyors as a volunteer. Three years later, the Board hired him to assist in locating an extension for the James River Canal. He traveled to New York to view the construction of the Erie Canal. That visit convinced him of the advantages of railroads over canals as a means of transportation and an aid to commerce. He submitted a report to the Virginia Board of Public Works disputing the benefits of the further development of canals, and praising the value of the railroad in its place. The Board did not view the report enthusiastically. He resigned his position and, at that moment, became devoted to the development of railroads.","George Stephenson, the inventor of the first steam locomotive for railways that he called, a \"steam propelled traveling engine,\" influenced Robinson greatly. In 1825, Robinson traveled to Europe to meet Stephenson, and attended lectures in mathematics and science at the Sorbonne in France. For three years, he would study the canal and bridges of England and Wales, the great port installations built by Napoleon in France and the dikes of Holland.","Upon his return to the America in 1828, the state of Pennsylvania commissioned Robinson to survey a railroad link over the Alleghany Mountains at Blair's Gap Summit to connect a section of canal at Hollidaysburg on the east with one at Johnstown, 37 miles to the west. Robinson's innovative survey and ingenious design consisted of five level and five inclined planes on either side of the mountain. Stationary steam engines pulled railroad cars up a series of incline planes on one side of the mountain and lowered them down along the inclined plane system on the other side. His design provided specifications for the first railroad tunnel in the United States-the 901 foot Staple Bend Tunnel. The Alleghany Portage, completed in 1834, was an important section of a 400-mile system of canal and rail connecting Philadelphia with Pittsburgh to compete with the Erie Canal.","During the next three years, Robinson engaged in building railroads in Virginia. He was responsible for building four of the first five railroads in the state. His lines connected Richmond with Roanoke, Petersburg, Fredericksburg, and points on the Potomac River. He is responsible for designing a bridge over the James River to accommodate the route from Richmond to Petersburg. The bridge, considered engineering marvel at the time, was 2,844 feet long and rose sixty feet above the river. The latticed superstructure consisted of 19 spans of lengths varying form 140 to 153 feet.","The American Philosophical Society recognized Robinson's engineering proficiency and elected him to membership in 1834.","In 1835, Robinson married Charlotte Randolph Taylor, the granddaughter of Edmund Randolph, the first Attorney General of the United States and Thomas Jefferson's successor as Secretary of State. The newly married Robinson settled in Philadelphia. The Robinsons had 11 children, 5 sons, and 6 daughters, 8 surviving infancy. The surviving children were John Moncure of Baltimore, Edmund Randolph of New York, Agnes Conway, who married Charles Chauncey, Beverley who married Anna Foster, Charles Randolph, Moncure of Philadelphia, Frances Brown who married Algernon Sydney Biddle and Nathalie who married Henry C. Boyer.","In the first year of his marriage, Robinson began work on his greatest engineering achievement-the Philadelphia \u0026 Reading Railroad. The railroad was intended to carry anthracite coal mined in northeastern Pennsylvania to market at Philadelphia. The 1,932 foot Black Rock Tunnel at Phoenixville, and a stone bridge of four, 72-foot long spans spanning the Schuylkill River are major engineering features the line. As Chief Consulting Engineer, Robinson formulated three fundamental rules for determining road grades and track curvatures, invented the iron freight car and was first to use stone for track ballast. In 1836, he traveled to England to obtain investments in the Philadelphia \u0026 Reading and returned with over two million dollars from investors. Robinson designed and named one of most powerful steam locomotives of the time, the \"Gowan \u0026 Marx\", for its two prominent English investors. The \"Gowan \u0026 Marx\" could pull forty times its own weight.","In 1839, he surveyed the route for a railroad from Brunswick, Georgia, on the Atlantic coast, to the Gulf of Mexico.","In 1840, Nicholas I, the Czar of Russia attempted to employ Robinson to oversee the building of a railroad system in Russia. Robinson declined the offer but consulted with Russian engineers on how to proceed.","By appointment of the Secretary of the Navy in 1842, Robinson, along with Commodores William Shubrick and David Conner served on commissions that eventually recommended Wallabout Bay as the site for a dry dock and naval station in New York harbor.","Robinson retired from active civil engineering in 1847 and moved to Philadelphia to devote his time to his personal investments. He left his profession as the leading railroad engineer in the United States, attained an international reputation for engineering excellence and marvelous executive talents, and was frequently consulted during his retirement on various railroad projects. He influenced Frederick List, called the \"Father of German Railroads\" and Michel Chevalier, the Minister of Public Works under Louis Philippe and the most eminent engineer in France.","In 1853, the American Society of Civil Engineers bestowed one of its highest honors on Robinson by electing him an honorary member.","Robinson purchased a large farm at Penllyn, north of Philadelphia and operated it as a Southern plantation. He was an open advocate of abolition and freed his slaves at the outset of the Civil War; however, he had sympathies with the South partly because of his investments in southern railroads. His son John Moncure, a Colonel in the Confederate army, went to England by order of Jefferson Davis to procure loans and purchase supplies for the South. Many of the John's contacts were the very same investors that his father had courted during the construction of the Philadelphia \u0026 Reading. While in Europe, John corresponded with his father and transferred large sums of money southern banks.","Moncure Robinson died on November 16, 1891. He is buried at Laurel Hill Cemetery in Philadelphia. At the time of his death, there were over 163,000 miles of railroad track in the United States."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMoncure Robinson Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Moncure Robinson Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox and folder inventory completed by Emily Eklund, SCRC staff, in January 2011.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["Box and folder inventory completed by Emily Eklund, SCRC staff, in January 2011."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also; Robinson Family Papers (Mss. 39.1 R56), Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials:"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also; Robinson Family Papers (Mss. 39.1 R56), Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePersonal and professional papers of Moncure Robinson dealing mostly with management of Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad in which he held controlling interest. Prominent correspondents include James Buchanan, Washington Irving, Dennis Hart Mahan, Winfield Scott and Abel Parker Upshur. Also included is the correspondence of his father, John Robinson (including letters from William C. C. Claiborne), his brothers, Cary, Edwin, Conway and Eustace Robinson and his brother-in-law John C. R. Taylor whose letters concern plantation management. Also included are notebooks of Wirt Robinson.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Personal and professional papers of Moncure Robinson dealing mostly with management of Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad in which he held controlling interest. Prominent correspondents include James Buchanan, Washington Irving, Dennis Hart Mahan, Winfield Scott and Abel Parker Upshur. Also included is the correspondence of his father, John Robinson (including letters from William C. C. Claiborne), his brothers, Cary, Edwin, Conway and Eustace Robinson and his brother-in-law John C. R. Taylor whose letters concern plantation management. Also included are notebooks of Wirt Robinson."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Reserach Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Reserach Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae"],"names_coll_ssim":["College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Robinson family","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","Upshur, A. P. (Abel Parker), 1790-1844"],"famname_ssim":["Robinson family"],"persname_ssim":["Robinson, Moncure, 1802-1891","Robinson Family","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","Upshur, A. P. (Abel Parker), 1790-1844"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Robinson family","Robinson, Moncure, 1802-1891","Robinson Family","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","Upshur, A. P. (Abel Parker), 1790-1844"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":699,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:51:53.460Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8747","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8747","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8747","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8747","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_8747.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Robinson, Moncure Papers","title_ssm":["Moncure Robinson Papers"],"title_tesim":["Moncure Robinson Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1787-1889"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1787-1889"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1787/1889"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Moncure Robinson Papers, 1787/1889"],"text":["Moncure Robinson Papers, 1787/1889","01/Mss. 65 R56, 77-14","/repositories/2/resources/8747","Agriculture--Southern States--History--19th century","Civil engineering--United States--History--19th century","Richmond, Fredericksburg, and Potomac Railroad","Correspondence","Financial records","Notebooks","3302 items","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Moncure Robinson (1802-1891) was born in Richmond, Va. He was educated at the College of William and Mary and at the Sorbonne where he studied to be a civil engineer. He was a railroad planner and builder and a railroad and steamboat owner. His most noted project was the Philadelphia \u0026 Reading Railroad. He retired from engineering work in 1847. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: .","Moncure Robinson is referred to as \"one of the most distinguished civil engineers in the United States\" and the \"genius of America's earliest railways.\" He was instrumental in the early development and growth of the country's great railroad system.","Unlike many of the engineers of the early nineteenth century, Robinson did not receive his engineering education at West Point. He acquired his engineering education through self-directed study and the observation of engineering projects throughout the United States and Europe. Within nine years of the introduction of the first steam locomotive in the United States, he surveyed, supervised the construction, or was the consulting engineer for 721 miles of track, or one-third the entire railroad track built to that time. At the time of his death in 1891, over 163,000 miles of track spanned the country.","The Robinson family presence in Virginia dates to 1688 at New Charles Parish. Moncure Robinson was born in Richmond, Virginia on February 2, 1802. He was the eldest son of John Robinson III and Agnes Conway Moncure.","Moncure entered The College of William and Mary in 1816 and was a student there until his expulsion in 1818. The College asked Moncure and 21 other students to leave after a dispute involving the charges for a lecture class. He was later exonerated, but never returned to the school and fulfill his father's expectation to follow his example and become an attorney.","In 1818, fascinated by the canal building that was taking place in Virginia, Robinson applied for a position with the Board of Public Works to survey a route from Richmond to the Ohio River. Denied a job because of his youth, the Board recognized his enthusiasm and allowed Robinson to accompany the surveyors as a volunteer. Three years later, the Board hired him to assist in locating an extension for the James River Canal. He traveled to New York to view the construction of the Erie Canal. That visit convinced him of the advantages of railroads over canals as a means of transportation and an aid to commerce. He submitted a report to the Virginia Board of Public Works disputing the benefits of the further development of canals, and praising the value of the railroad in its place. The Board did not view the report enthusiastically. He resigned his position and, at that moment, became devoted to the development of railroads.","George Stephenson, the inventor of the first steam locomotive for railways that he called, a \"steam propelled traveling engine,\" influenced Robinson greatly. In 1825, Robinson traveled to Europe to meet Stephenson, and attended lectures in mathematics and science at the Sorbonne in France. For three years, he would study the canal and bridges of England and Wales, the great port installations built by Napoleon in France and the dikes of Holland.","Upon his return to the America in 1828, the state of Pennsylvania commissioned Robinson to survey a railroad link over the Alleghany Mountains at Blair's Gap Summit to connect a section of canal at Hollidaysburg on the east with one at Johnstown, 37 miles to the west. Robinson's innovative survey and ingenious design consisted of five level and five inclined planes on either side of the mountain. Stationary steam engines pulled railroad cars up a series of incline planes on one side of the mountain and lowered them down along the inclined plane system on the other side. His design provided specifications for the first railroad tunnel in the United States-the 901 foot Staple Bend Tunnel. The Alleghany Portage, completed in 1834, was an important section of a 400-mile system of canal and rail connecting Philadelphia with Pittsburgh to compete with the Erie Canal.","During the next three years, Robinson engaged in building railroads in Virginia. He was responsible for building four of the first five railroads in the state. His lines connected Richmond with Roanoke, Petersburg, Fredericksburg, and points on the Potomac River. He is responsible for designing a bridge over the James River to accommodate the route from Richmond to Petersburg. The bridge, considered engineering marvel at the time, was 2,844 feet long and rose sixty feet above the river. The latticed superstructure consisted of 19 spans of lengths varying form 140 to 153 feet.","The American Philosophical Society recognized Robinson's engineering proficiency and elected him to membership in 1834.","In 1835, Robinson married Charlotte Randolph Taylor, the granddaughter of Edmund Randolph, the first Attorney General of the United States and Thomas Jefferson's successor as Secretary of State. The newly married Robinson settled in Philadelphia. The Robinsons had 11 children, 5 sons, and 6 daughters, 8 surviving infancy. The surviving children were John Moncure of Baltimore, Edmund Randolph of New York, Agnes Conway, who married Charles Chauncey, Beverley who married Anna Foster, Charles Randolph, Moncure of Philadelphia, Frances Brown who married Algernon Sydney Biddle and Nathalie who married Henry C. Boyer.","In the first year of his marriage, Robinson began work on his greatest engineering achievement-the Philadelphia \u0026 Reading Railroad. The railroad was intended to carry anthracite coal mined in northeastern Pennsylvania to market at Philadelphia. The 1,932 foot Black Rock Tunnel at Phoenixville, and a stone bridge of four, 72-foot long spans spanning the Schuylkill River are major engineering features the line. As Chief Consulting Engineer, Robinson formulated three fundamental rules for determining road grades and track curvatures, invented the iron freight car and was first to use stone for track ballast. In 1836, he traveled to England to obtain investments in the Philadelphia \u0026 Reading and returned with over two million dollars from investors. Robinson designed and named one of most powerful steam locomotives of the time, the \"Gowan \u0026 Marx\", for its two prominent English investors. The \"Gowan \u0026 Marx\" could pull forty times its own weight.","In 1839, he surveyed the route for a railroad from Brunswick, Georgia, on the Atlantic coast, to the Gulf of Mexico.","In 1840, Nicholas I, the Czar of Russia attempted to employ Robinson to oversee the building of a railroad system in Russia. Robinson declined the offer but consulted with Russian engineers on how to proceed.","By appointment of the Secretary of the Navy in 1842, Robinson, along with Commodores William Shubrick and David Conner served on commissions that eventually recommended Wallabout Bay as the site for a dry dock and naval station in New York harbor.","Robinson retired from active civil engineering in 1847 and moved to Philadelphia to devote his time to his personal investments. He left his profession as the leading railroad engineer in the United States, attained an international reputation for engineering excellence and marvelous executive talents, and was frequently consulted during his retirement on various railroad projects. He influenced Frederick List, called the \"Father of German Railroads\" and Michel Chevalier, the Minister of Public Works under Louis Philippe and the most eminent engineer in France.","In 1853, the American Society of Civil Engineers bestowed one of its highest honors on Robinson by electing him an honorary member.","Robinson purchased a large farm at Penllyn, north of Philadelphia and operated it as a Southern plantation. He was an open advocate of abolition and freed his slaves at the outset of the Civil War; however, he had sympathies with the South partly because of his investments in southern railroads. His son John Moncure, a Colonel in the Confederate army, went to England by order of Jefferson Davis to procure loans and purchase supplies for the South. Many of the John's contacts were the very same investors that his father had courted during the construction of the Philadelphia \u0026 Reading. While in Europe, John corresponded with his father and transferred large sums of money southern banks.","Moncure Robinson died on November 16, 1891. He is buried at Laurel Hill Cemetery in Philadelphia. At the time of his death, there were over 163,000 miles of railroad track in the United States.","Box and folder inventory completed by Emily Eklund, SCRC staff, in January 2011.","See also; Robinson Family Papers (Mss. 39.1 R56), Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.","Personal and professional papers of Moncure Robinson dealing mostly with management of Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad in which he held controlling interest. Prominent correspondents include James Buchanan, Washington Irving, Dennis Hart Mahan, Winfield Scott and Abel Parker Upshur. Also included is the correspondence of his father, John Robinson (including letters from William C. C. Claiborne), his brothers, Cary, Edwin, Conway and Eustace Robinson and his brother-in-law John C. R. Taylor whose letters concern plantation management. Also included are notebooks of Wirt Robinson.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Reserach Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Robinson family","Robinson, Moncure, 1802-1891","Robinson Family","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","Upshur, A. P. (Abel Parker), 1790-1844","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Moncure Robinson Papers, 1787/1889"],"collection_ssim":["Moncure Robinson Papers, 1787/1889"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["01/Mss. 65 R56, 77-14","/repositories/2/resources/8747"],"unitid_tesim":["01/Mss. 65 R56, 77-14","/repositories/2/resources/8747"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_ssm":["Robinson, Moncure, 1802-1891","Robinson Family"],"creator_ssim":["Robinson, Moncure, 1802-1891","Robinson Family"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Robinson, Moncure, 1802-1891","Robinson Family","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","Upshur, A. P. (Abel Parker), 1790-1844"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Robinson family"],"creators_ssim":["Robinson, Moncure, 1802-1891","Robinson Family","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","Upshur, A. P. (Abel Parker), 1790-1844","Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Robinson family"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Reserach Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The materials in this collection were donated to William \u0026 Mary Special Collections Research Center numerous batches between the period of 1928 and 1977 by Miss Agnes Conway Robinson, Moncure Biddle (as a gift of the Moncure Robinson descendants), Wirt R. Robinson, and from University of Virginia Special Collections."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Agriculture--Southern States--History--19th century","Civil engineering--United States--History--19th century","Richmond, Fredericksburg, and Potomac Railroad","Correspondence","Financial records","Notebooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Agriculture--Southern States--History--19th century","Civil engineering--United States--History--19th century","Richmond, Fredericksburg, and Potomac Railroad","Correspondence","Financial records","Notebooks"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["3302 items"],"extent_ssm":["4.00 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["4.00 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Financial records","Notebooks"],"date_range_isim":[1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMoncure Robinson (1802-1891) was born in Richmond, Va. He was educated at the College of William and Mary and at the Sorbonne where he studied to be a civil engineer. He was a railroad planner and builder and a railroad and steamboat owner. His most noted project was the Philadelphia \u0026amp; Reading Railroad. He retired from engineering work in 1847. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: \u003cextref href=\"http://scdbwiki.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Moncure_Robinson\" title=\"Moncure Robinson\"\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Moncure Robinson is referred to as \"one of the most distinguished civil engineers in the United States\" and the \"genius of America's earliest railways.\" He was instrumental in the early development and growth of the country's great railroad system.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Unlike many of the engineers of the early nineteenth century, Robinson did not receive his engineering education at West Point. He acquired his engineering education through self-directed study and the observation of engineering projects throughout the United States and Europe. Within nine years of the introduction of the first steam locomotive in the United States, he surveyed, supervised the construction, or was the consulting engineer for 721 miles of track, or one-third the entire railroad track built to that time. At the time of his death in 1891, over 163,000 miles of track spanned the country.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e The Robinson family presence in Virginia dates to 1688 at New Charles Parish. Moncure Robinson was born in Richmond, Virginia on February 2, 1802. He was the eldest son of John Robinson III and Agnes Conway Moncure.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Moncure entered The College of William and Mary in 1816 and was a student there until his expulsion in 1818. The College asked Moncure and 21 other students to leave after a dispute involving the charges for a lecture class. He was later exonerated, but never returned to the school and fulfill his father's expectation to follow his example and become an attorney.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e In 1818, fascinated by the canal building that was taking place in Virginia, Robinson applied for a position with the Board of Public Works to survey a route from Richmond to the Ohio River. Denied a job because of his youth, the Board recognized his enthusiasm and allowed Robinson to accompany the surveyors as a volunteer. Three years later, the Board hired him to assist in locating an extension for the James River Canal. He traveled to New York to view the construction of the Erie Canal. That visit convinced him of the advantages of railroads over canals as a means of transportation and an aid to commerce. He submitted a report to the Virginia Board of Public Works disputing the benefits of the further development of canals, and praising the value of the railroad in its place. The Board did not view the report enthusiastically. He resigned his position and, at that moment, became devoted to the development of railroads.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e George Stephenson, the inventor of the first steam locomotive for railways that he called, a \"steam propelled traveling engine,\" influenced Robinson greatly. In 1825, Robinson traveled to Europe to meet Stephenson, and attended lectures in mathematics and science at the Sorbonne in France. For three years, he would study the canal and bridges of England and Wales, the great port installations built by Napoleon in France and the dikes of Holland.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Upon his return to the America in 1828, the state of Pennsylvania commissioned Robinson to survey a railroad link over the Alleghany Mountains at Blair's Gap Summit to connect a section of canal at Hollidaysburg on the east with one at Johnstown, 37 miles to the west. Robinson's innovative survey and ingenious design consisted of five level and five inclined planes on either side of the mountain. Stationary steam engines pulled railroad cars up a series of incline planes on one side of the mountain and lowered them down along the inclined plane system on the other side. His design provided specifications for the first railroad tunnel in the United States-the 901 foot Staple Bend Tunnel. The Alleghany Portage, completed in 1834, was an important section of a 400-mile system of canal and rail connecting Philadelphia with Pittsburgh to compete with the Erie Canal.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e During the next three years, Robinson engaged in building railroads in Virginia. He was responsible for building four of the first five railroads in the state. His lines connected Richmond with Roanoke, Petersburg, Fredericksburg, and points on the Potomac River. He is responsible for designing a bridge over the James River to accommodate the route from Richmond to Petersburg. The bridge, considered engineering marvel at the time, was 2,844 feet long and rose sixty feet above the river. The latticed superstructure consisted of 19 spans of lengths varying form 140 to 153 feet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e The American Philosophical Society recognized Robinson's engineering proficiency and elected him to membership in 1834.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e In 1835, Robinson married Charlotte Randolph Taylor, the granddaughter of Edmund Randolph, the first Attorney General of the United States and Thomas Jefferson's successor as Secretary of State. The newly married Robinson settled in Philadelphia. The Robinsons had 11 children, 5 sons, and 6 daughters, 8 surviving infancy. The surviving children were John Moncure of Baltimore, Edmund Randolph of New York, Agnes Conway, who married Charles Chauncey, Beverley who married Anna Foster, Charles Randolph, Moncure of Philadelphia, Frances Brown who married Algernon Sydney Biddle and Nathalie who married Henry C. Boyer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e In the first year of his marriage, Robinson began work on his greatest engineering achievement-the Philadelphia \u0026amp; Reading Railroad. The railroad was intended to carry anthracite coal mined in northeastern Pennsylvania to market at Philadelphia. The 1,932 foot Black Rock Tunnel at Phoenixville, and a stone bridge of four, 72-foot long spans spanning the Schuylkill River are major engineering features the line. As Chief Consulting Engineer, Robinson formulated three fundamental rules for determining road grades and track curvatures, invented the iron freight car and was first to use stone for track ballast. In 1836, he traveled to England to obtain investments in the Philadelphia \u0026amp; Reading and returned with over two million dollars from investors. Robinson designed and named one of most powerful steam locomotives of the time, the \"Gowan \u0026amp; Marx\", for its two prominent English investors. The \"Gowan \u0026amp; Marx\" could pull forty times its own weight.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e In 1839, he surveyed the route for a railroad from Brunswick, Georgia, on the Atlantic coast, to the Gulf of Mexico.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e In 1840, Nicholas I, the Czar of Russia attempted to employ Robinson to oversee the building of a railroad system in Russia. Robinson declined the offer but consulted with Russian engineers on how to proceed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e By appointment of the Secretary of the Navy in 1842, Robinson, along with Commodores William Shubrick and David Conner served on commissions that eventually recommended Wallabout Bay as the site for a dry dock and naval station in New York harbor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Robinson retired from active civil engineering in 1847 and moved to Philadelphia to devote his time to his personal investments. He left his profession as the leading railroad engineer in the United States, attained an international reputation for engineering excellence and marvelous executive talents, and was frequently consulted during his retirement on various railroad projects. He influenced Frederick List, called the \"Father of German Railroads\" and Michel Chevalier, the Minister of Public Works under Louis Philippe and the most eminent engineer in France.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e In 1853, the American Society of Civil Engineers bestowed one of its highest honors on Robinson by electing him an honorary member.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Robinson purchased a large farm at Penllyn, north of Philadelphia and operated it as a Southern plantation. He was an open advocate of abolition and freed his slaves at the outset of the Civil War; however, he had sympathies with the South partly because of his investments in southern railroads. His son John Moncure, a Colonel in the Confederate army, went to England by order of Jefferson Davis to procure loans and purchase supplies for the South. Many of the John's contacts were the very same investors that his father had courted during the construction of the Philadelphia \u0026amp; Reading. While in Europe, John corresponded with his father and transferred large sums of money southern banks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Moncure Robinson died on November 16, 1891. He is buried at Laurel Hill Cemetery in Philadelphia. At the time of his death, there were over 163,000 miles of railroad track in the United States.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["Moncure Robinson (1802-1891) was born in Richmond, Va. He was educated at the College of William and Mary and at the Sorbonne where he studied to be a civil engineer. He was a railroad planner and builder and a railroad and steamboat owner. His most noted project was the Philadelphia \u0026 Reading Railroad. He retired from engineering work in 1847. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: .","Moncure Robinson is referred to as \"one of the most distinguished civil engineers in the United States\" and the \"genius of America's earliest railways.\" He was instrumental in the early development and growth of the country's great railroad system.","Unlike many of the engineers of the early nineteenth century, Robinson did not receive his engineering education at West Point. He acquired his engineering education through self-directed study and the observation of engineering projects throughout the United States and Europe. Within nine years of the introduction of the first steam locomotive in the United States, he surveyed, supervised the construction, or was the consulting engineer for 721 miles of track, or one-third the entire railroad track built to that time. At the time of his death in 1891, over 163,000 miles of track spanned the country.","The Robinson family presence in Virginia dates to 1688 at New Charles Parish. Moncure Robinson was born in Richmond, Virginia on February 2, 1802. He was the eldest son of John Robinson III and Agnes Conway Moncure.","Moncure entered The College of William and Mary in 1816 and was a student there until his expulsion in 1818. The College asked Moncure and 21 other students to leave after a dispute involving the charges for a lecture class. He was later exonerated, but never returned to the school and fulfill his father's expectation to follow his example and become an attorney.","In 1818, fascinated by the canal building that was taking place in Virginia, Robinson applied for a position with the Board of Public Works to survey a route from Richmond to the Ohio River. Denied a job because of his youth, the Board recognized his enthusiasm and allowed Robinson to accompany the surveyors as a volunteer. Three years later, the Board hired him to assist in locating an extension for the James River Canal. He traveled to New York to view the construction of the Erie Canal. That visit convinced him of the advantages of railroads over canals as a means of transportation and an aid to commerce. He submitted a report to the Virginia Board of Public Works disputing the benefits of the further development of canals, and praising the value of the railroad in its place. The Board did not view the report enthusiastically. He resigned his position and, at that moment, became devoted to the development of railroads.","George Stephenson, the inventor of the first steam locomotive for railways that he called, a \"steam propelled traveling engine,\" influenced Robinson greatly. In 1825, Robinson traveled to Europe to meet Stephenson, and attended lectures in mathematics and science at the Sorbonne in France. For three years, he would study the canal and bridges of England and Wales, the great port installations built by Napoleon in France and the dikes of Holland.","Upon his return to the America in 1828, the state of Pennsylvania commissioned Robinson to survey a railroad link over the Alleghany Mountains at Blair's Gap Summit to connect a section of canal at Hollidaysburg on the east with one at Johnstown, 37 miles to the west. Robinson's innovative survey and ingenious design consisted of five level and five inclined planes on either side of the mountain. Stationary steam engines pulled railroad cars up a series of incline planes on one side of the mountain and lowered them down along the inclined plane system on the other side. His design provided specifications for the first railroad tunnel in the United States-the 901 foot Staple Bend Tunnel. The Alleghany Portage, completed in 1834, was an important section of a 400-mile system of canal and rail connecting Philadelphia with Pittsburgh to compete with the Erie Canal.","During the next three years, Robinson engaged in building railroads in Virginia. He was responsible for building four of the first five railroads in the state. His lines connected Richmond with Roanoke, Petersburg, Fredericksburg, and points on the Potomac River. He is responsible for designing a bridge over the James River to accommodate the route from Richmond to Petersburg. The bridge, considered engineering marvel at the time, was 2,844 feet long and rose sixty feet above the river. The latticed superstructure consisted of 19 spans of lengths varying form 140 to 153 feet.","The American Philosophical Society recognized Robinson's engineering proficiency and elected him to membership in 1834.","In 1835, Robinson married Charlotte Randolph Taylor, the granddaughter of Edmund Randolph, the first Attorney General of the United States and Thomas Jefferson's successor as Secretary of State. The newly married Robinson settled in Philadelphia. The Robinsons had 11 children, 5 sons, and 6 daughters, 8 surviving infancy. The surviving children were John Moncure of Baltimore, Edmund Randolph of New York, Agnes Conway, who married Charles Chauncey, Beverley who married Anna Foster, Charles Randolph, Moncure of Philadelphia, Frances Brown who married Algernon Sydney Biddle and Nathalie who married Henry C. Boyer.","In the first year of his marriage, Robinson began work on his greatest engineering achievement-the Philadelphia \u0026 Reading Railroad. The railroad was intended to carry anthracite coal mined in northeastern Pennsylvania to market at Philadelphia. The 1,932 foot Black Rock Tunnel at Phoenixville, and a stone bridge of four, 72-foot long spans spanning the Schuylkill River are major engineering features the line. As Chief Consulting Engineer, Robinson formulated three fundamental rules for determining road grades and track curvatures, invented the iron freight car and was first to use stone for track ballast. In 1836, he traveled to England to obtain investments in the Philadelphia \u0026 Reading and returned with over two million dollars from investors. Robinson designed and named one of most powerful steam locomotives of the time, the \"Gowan \u0026 Marx\", for its two prominent English investors. The \"Gowan \u0026 Marx\" could pull forty times its own weight.","In 1839, he surveyed the route for a railroad from Brunswick, Georgia, on the Atlantic coast, to the Gulf of Mexico.","In 1840, Nicholas I, the Czar of Russia attempted to employ Robinson to oversee the building of a railroad system in Russia. Robinson declined the offer but consulted with Russian engineers on how to proceed.","By appointment of the Secretary of the Navy in 1842, Robinson, along with Commodores William Shubrick and David Conner served on commissions that eventually recommended Wallabout Bay as the site for a dry dock and naval station in New York harbor.","Robinson retired from active civil engineering in 1847 and moved to Philadelphia to devote his time to his personal investments. He left his profession as the leading railroad engineer in the United States, attained an international reputation for engineering excellence and marvelous executive talents, and was frequently consulted during his retirement on various railroad projects. He influenced Frederick List, called the \"Father of German Railroads\" and Michel Chevalier, the Minister of Public Works under Louis Philippe and the most eminent engineer in France.","In 1853, the American Society of Civil Engineers bestowed one of its highest honors on Robinson by electing him an honorary member.","Robinson purchased a large farm at Penllyn, north of Philadelphia and operated it as a Southern plantation. He was an open advocate of abolition and freed his slaves at the outset of the Civil War; however, he had sympathies with the South partly because of his investments in southern railroads. His son John Moncure, a Colonel in the Confederate army, went to England by order of Jefferson Davis to procure loans and purchase supplies for the South. Many of the John's contacts were the very same investors that his father had courted during the construction of the Philadelphia \u0026 Reading. While in Europe, John corresponded with his father and transferred large sums of money southern banks.","Moncure Robinson died on November 16, 1891. He is buried at Laurel Hill Cemetery in Philadelphia. At the time of his death, there were over 163,000 miles of railroad track in the United States."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMoncure Robinson Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Moncure Robinson Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox and folder inventory completed by Emily Eklund, SCRC staff, in January 2011.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["Box and folder inventory completed by Emily Eklund, SCRC staff, in January 2011."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also; Robinson Family Papers (Mss. 39.1 R56), Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials:"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also; Robinson Family Papers (Mss. 39.1 R56), Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePersonal and professional papers of Moncure Robinson dealing mostly with management of Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad in which he held controlling interest. Prominent correspondents include James Buchanan, Washington Irving, Dennis Hart Mahan, Winfield Scott and Abel Parker Upshur. Also included is the correspondence of his father, John Robinson (including letters from William C. C. Claiborne), his brothers, Cary, Edwin, Conway and Eustace Robinson and his brother-in-law John C. R. Taylor whose letters concern plantation management. Also included are notebooks of Wirt Robinson.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Personal and professional papers of Moncure Robinson dealing mostly with management of Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad in which he held controlling interest. Prominent correspondents include James Buchanan, Washington Irving, Dennis Hart Mahan, Winfield Scott and Abel Parker Upshur. Also included is the correspondence of his father, John Robinson (including letters from William C. C. Claiborne), his brothers, Cary, Edwin, Conway and Eustace Robinson and his brother-in-law John C. R. Taylor whose letters concern plantation management. Also included are notebooks of Wirt Robinson."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Reserach Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Reserach Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae"],"names_coll_ssim":["College of William and Mary--Alumni and alumnae","Robinson family","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868","Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866","Upshur, A. P. 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Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Slaves","Legal documents","Ambassadors","Receipts (Acknowledgments)","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Slaves","Legal documents","Ambassadors","Receipts (Acknowledgments)","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9 Item"],"extent_tesim":["9 Item"],"date_range_isim":[1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Pickens Family Papers, WLU Coll. 0046, Special Collections and Archives, James G. 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The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives"],"famname_ssim":["Pickens family"],"persname_ssim":["Pickens, F. W. (Francis Wilkinson)","Pickens, Ezekiel","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868"],"names_coll_ssim":["Buchanan, James, 1791-1868"],"names_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Pickens family","Pickens, F. W. 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Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Slaves","Legal documents","Ambassadors","Receipts (Acknowledgments)","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Slaves","Legal documents","Ambassadors","Receipts (Acknowledgments)","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9 Item"],"extent_tesim":["9 Item"],"date_range_isim":[1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Pickens Family Papers, WLU Coll. 0046, Special Collections and Archives, James G. 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The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives"],"famname_ssim":["Pickens family"],"persname_ssim":["Pickens, F. W. (Francis Wilkinson)","Pickens, Ezekiel","Buchanan, James, 1791-1868"],"names_coll_ssim":["Buchanan, James, 1791-1868"],"names_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Pickens family","Pickens, F. W. 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S.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4403#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Diaries, accounts, and statistical records of a schoolteacher from Montgomery and Campbell counties, Virginia, and Monroe County, West Virginia. These records list the schools in which Rudd taught, the homes where he boarded, and his friends and acquaintances. The records also cover his employment with the Virginia and Tennessee Railroad at Central Depot, Virginia, and with the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad at Allegheny Station. The third volume is a guest register of the White Sulphur Springs Hotel (The Greenbrier), 1860-1861, 1867-1868, and contains entries for James Buchanan, Winfield Scott, Robert E. Lee, and other nineteenth century notables.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4403#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4403","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4403","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4403","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4403","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_4403.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/198014","title_ssm":["R.S. Rudd (b.1846) Records"],"title_tesim":["R.S. Rudd (b.1846) Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1839-1912"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1839-1912"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1839/1912"],"normalized_title_ssm":["R.S. Rudd (b.1846) Records, 1839/1912"],"text":["R.S. 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