{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1857\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026page=98","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1857\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026page=97","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1857\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026page=99","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1857\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026page=102"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":98,"next_page":99,"prev_page":97,"total_pages":102,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":970,"total_count":1011,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_616_c02","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Stock raising papers, 1854/1884","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_616_c02#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis series includes correspondence, advertisements, and pedigree information relating primarily to George W. Rosenberger's shorthorn cattle.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_616_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_616_c02","ref_ssm":["vilxv_repositories_3_resources_616_c02"],"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_616_c02","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_616","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_616","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_616","parent_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_616","parent_ssim":["George W. Rosenberger papers, 1854/1884"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vilxv_repositories_3_resources_616"],"title_filing_ssi":"Stock raising papers","title_ssm":["Stock raising papers"],"title_tesim":["Stock raising papers"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Stock raising papers, 1854/1884"],"text":["Stock raising papers, 1854/1884","George W. Rosenberger papers, 1854/1884","English.","This series includes correspondence, advertisements, and pedigree information relating primarily to George W. Rosenberger's shorthorn cattle."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["George W. Rosenberger papers, 1854/1884"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["George W. Rosenberger papers, 1854/1884"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1854/1884"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1854-1884"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":2,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"collection_ssim":["George W. Rosenberger papers, 1854/1884"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"language_ssim":["English."],"date_range_isim":[1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis series includes correspondence, advertisements, and pedigree information relating primarily to George W. Rosenberger's shorthorn cattle.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This series includes correspondence, advertisements, and pedigree information relating primarily to George W. Rosenberger's shorthorn cattle."],"_nest_path_":"/components#1","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:37:30.860Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_616","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_616","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_616","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_616","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_616.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vmi/vilxv00031.xml","title_ssm":["George W. Rosenberger papers"],"title_tesim":["George W. Rosenberger papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1854-1884"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1854-1884"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1854/1884"],"normalized_title_ssm":["George W. Rosenberger papers, 1854/1884"],"text":["George W. Rosenberger papers, 1854/1884","MS.0387","/repositories/3/resources/616","New Market (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Shenandoah County (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Cattle -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Agriculture -- Virginia -- Shenandoah Valley","Confederate States of America. Army—Supplies and stores","Bonds—Confederate States of America","Photographs","There are no restrictions.","George W. Rosenberger was born on February 23, 1823 at \"Rosendale,\" his family's farm in Rockingham County, Virginia. He was one of the pioneers in the breeding of fine stock in Rockingham County, and as early as 1842, began raising improved breeds of cattle, sheep, hogs, and poultry. From 1866 to 1876 he sold full-bred Cotswold sheep and shorthorn cattle.","Rosenberger married Barbara Ann Kagey (1830-1887) on October 16, 1845. The couple had 8 children, including William, Jacob, Frances, Florence, Martha, Arthur, Georgia, and Charles. Rosenberger died on November 9, 1902 in Rockingham County.","This collection consists of documents and photographs relating to George W. Rosenberger, his family, and the operation of his cattle breeding operation at the family farm,\"Rosendale,\" located in Rockingham County, Virginia. The collection includes:\n\nPapers documenting the breeding and sale of cattle (1854-1870s)\nConfederate government \"tax in kind\" assessment documents (1864)\nCivil War documents, largely pertaining to Rosenberger's hiring of Abner Canada to serve as his substitute in Confederate Army\nOne Confederate bond, 500 dollar denomination (1863)\nPhotographs and albums that feature images of family members and family property","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Rosenberger Family","Rosenberger, George W., 1823-1902","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["George W. Rosenberger papers, 1854/1884"],"collection_ssim":["George W. Rosenberger papers, 1854/1884"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.0387","/repositories/3/resources/616"],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0387","/repositories/3/resources/616"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["New Market (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Shenandoah County (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. 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Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Cattle -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Agriculture -- Virginia -- Shenandoah Valley","Confederate States of America. Army—Supplies and stores","Bonds—Confederate States of America","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Cattle -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Agriculture -- Virginia -- Shenandoah Valley","Confederate States of America. Army—Supplies and stores","Bonds—Confederate States of America","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.25 cubic feet"],"extent_tesim":["0.25 cubic feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge W. Rosenberger was born on February 23, 1823 at \"Rosendale,\" his family's farm in Rockingham County, Virginia. He was one of the pioneers in the breeding of fine stock in Rockingham County, and as early as 1842, began raising improved breeds of cattle, sheep, hogs, and poultry. From 1866 to 1876 he sold full-bred Cotswold sheep and shorthorn cattle.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRosenberger married Barbara Ann Kagey (1830-1887) on October 16, 1845. The couple had 8 children, including William, Jacob, Frances, Florence, Martha, Arthur, Georgia, and Charles. Rosenberger died on November 9, 1902 in Rockingham County.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["George W. Rosenberger was born on February 23, 1823 at \"Rosendale,\" his family's farm in Rockingham County, Virginia. He was one of the pioneers in the breeding of fine stock in Rockingham County, and as early as 1842, began raising improved breeds of cattle, sheep, hogs, and poultry. From 1866 to 1876 he sold full-bred Cotswold sheep and shorthorn cattle.","Rosenberger married Barbara Ann Kagey (1830-1887) on October 16, 1845. The couple had 8 children, including William, Jacob, Frances, Florence, Martha, Arthur, Georgia, and Charles. Rosenberger died on November 9, 1902 in Rockingham County."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge W. Rosenberger papers, 1854-1884. MS 0387. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["George W. Rosenberger papers, 1854-1884. MS 0387. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of documents and photographs relating to George W. Rosenberger, his family, and the operation of his cattle breeding operation at the family farm,\"Rosendale,\" located in Rockingham County, Virginia. The collection includes:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePapers documenting the breeding and sale of cattle (1854-1870s)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConfederate government \"tax in kind\" assessment documents (1864)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCivil War documents, largely pertaining to Rosenberger's hiring of Abner Canada to serve as his substitute in Confederate Army\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOne Confederate bond, 500 dollar denomination (1863)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePhotographs and albums that feature images of family members and family property\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of documents and photographs relating to George W. Rosenberger, his family, and the operation of his cattle breeding operation at the family farm,\"Rosendale,\" located in Rockingham County, Virginia. The collection includes:\n\nPapers documenting the breeding and sale of cattle (1854-1870s)\nConfederate government \"tax in kind\" assessment documents (1864)\nCivil War documents, largely pertaining to Rosenberger's hiring of Abner Canada to serve as his substitute in Confederate Army\nOne Confederate bond, 500 dollar denomination (1863)\nPhotographs and albums that feature images of family members and family property"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_de7eb1eba80d8c69100fbaa64c249b90\"\u003eManuscripts stacks\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"famname_ssim":["Rosenberger Family"],"names_coll_ssim":["Rosenberger Family"],"persname_ssim":["Rosenberger, George W., 1823-1902"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Rosenberger Family","Rosenberger, George W., 1823-1902"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"total_component_count_is":3,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:37:30.860Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_616_c02"}},{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_591_c02","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Stonewall Jackson correspondence, incoming, 1854/1863","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_591_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_591_c02","ref_ssm":["vilxv_repositories_3_resources_591_c02"],"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_591_c02","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_591","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_591","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_591","parent_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_591","parent_ssim":["Stonewall Jackson papers, 1844/1915"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vilxv_repositories_3_resources_591"],"title_filing_ssi":"Stonewall Jackson correspondence, incoming","title_ssm":["Stonewall Jackson correspondence, incoming"],"title_tesim":["Stonewall Jackson correspondence, incoming"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Stonewall Jackson correspondence, incoming, 1854/1863"],"text":["Stonewall Jackson correspondence, incoming, 1854/1863","Stonewall Jackson papers, 1844/1915","box 2","Folder 69-81","English"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Stonewall Jackson papers, 1844/1915"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Stonewall Jackson papers, 1844/1915"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1854/1863"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1854-1863"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":176,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Stonewall Jackson papers, 1844/1915"],"extent_ssm":["13 items"],"extent_tesim":["13 items"],"containers_ssim":["box 2","Folder 69-81"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open to research, but there are special conditions governing use."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Researchers are required to use photocopies or online versions of the Stonewall Jackson documents.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"language_ssim":["English"],"date_range_isim":[1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863],"_nest_path_":"/components#1","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:37:30.860Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_591","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_591","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_591","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_591","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_591.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vmi/vilxv00008.xml","title_ssm":["Stonewall Jackson papers"],"title_tesim":["Stonewall Jackson papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1844-1915"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1844-1915"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1844/1915"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Stonewall Jackson papers, 1844/1915"],"text":["Stonewall Jackson papers, 1844/1915","MS.0102","/repositories/3/resources/591","Mexican War, 1846-1848","Generals—Confederate States of America","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Chancellorsville (Va.), Battle of, 1863","Virginia Military Institute—History—19th century","Virginia Military Institute—Faculty—19th century","Virginia Military Institute—Academics—History—19th century","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives—Confederate","Mexican War, 1846-1848—Personal narratives","Correspondence","Reports","Orders (military records)","Dispatches","The collection is open to research, but there are special conditions governing use.","Thomas Jonathan Jackson was born on January 21, 1824 in western Virginia (now West Virginia) to Julia Neale Jackson and Jonathan Jackson. Jackson was orphaned at a\nyoung age and he was raised by extended members of his\nfather's family, mainly his uncle, Cummins Jackson.","Jackson graduated from the United States Military Academy at West Point in June 1846 and subsequently served in the United States Army, during which time he fought in the Mexican War. Jackson resigned his commission in 1851, after he was appointed Professor of Natural and Experimental Philosophy at VMI. He moved to Lexington, Virginia and settled into life as a civilian.","In April 1861, Jackson rode off to war. Following the first Battle of Manassas (Virginia), he became widely known by the nickname \"Stonewall\" and earned lasting fame for his leadership of Confederate forces, especially during the Valley Campaign of 1862.","Jackson died on May 10, 1863 as a result of complications from wounds received at Chancellorsville, Virginia along with pneumonia. His body was brought back to Lexington for burial in a cemetery on the south edge of town.","The Stonewall Jackson papers consist primarily of the personal papers of Civil War General Thomas Jonathan \"Stonewall\" Jackson (1824-1863). The bulk of the letters date from the pre-Civil War period and concern professional, personal, and domestic matters, including many in which Jackson writes about his religious faith, his concerns about health and diet, and his family.","The papers provide insight into Jackson's personality and philosophy, and present a portrait of the man as he was in the years before he gained national fame as a wartime military leader. A small percentage of the documents date from the Civil War period and are directly related to Jackson's Confederate Army service.","The papers include approximately 160 items of Jackson's outgoing correspondence (dated 1844 to 1863) spanning his cadetship at West Point, his service in the United States Army (1846 to 1851), including his participation in the Mexican War, his years as a faculty member at the VMI (1851 to 1861), and his career in the Confederate States Army. The bulk of the correspondence is addressed to his sister, Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson). Other correspondents include Margaret Junkin Preston, and Confederate Generals Joseph E. Johnston and Daniel Harvey Hill.","Other series include incoming correspondence, Civil War reports, orders, dispatches, and documents associated with Jackson.","In addition to Jackson's personal papers, this collection\ncontains the allied papers of Jackson's second wife, Mary Anna Jackson (Morrison) (approximately 143 items), his daughter Julia Jackson Christian (approximately 10 items), and his sister Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson)(approximately  115 items).","Researchers are required to use photocopies or online versions of the Stonewall Jackson documents.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks and Oversized Case 2","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Jackson, Mary Anna, 1831-1915","Hill, Daniel Harvey, 1821-1899","Preston, Margaret Junkin, 1820-1897","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston), 1807-1891","Christian, Julia Jackson","Arnold, Laura Ann Jackson, 1826-1911","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Jackson, Eleanor Junkin, 1825-1854","Letcher, John, 1813-1884","Preston, John T. L. (John Thomas Lewis), 1811-1890","Kinsolving, Roberta Cary Corbin, 1826-1919","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Stonewall Jackson papers, 1844/1915"],"collection_ssim":["Stonewall Jackson papers, 1844/1915"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.0102","/repositories/3/resources/591"],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0102","/repositories/3/resources/591"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Jackson, Mary Anna, 1831-1915","Hill, Daniel Harvey, 1821-1899","Preston, Margaret Junkin, 1820-1897","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston), 1807-1891"],"creator_ssim":["Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Jackson, Mary Anna, 1831-1915","Hill, Daniel Harvey, 1821-1899","Preston, Margaret Junkin, 1820-1897","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston), 1807-1891"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Jackson, Mary Anna, 1831-1915","Hill, Daniel Harvey, 1821-1899","Preston, Margaret Junkin, 1820-1897","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston), 1807-1891","Christian, Julia Jackson","Arnold, Laura Ann Jackson, 1826-1911","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Jackson, Eleanor Junkin, 1825-1854","Letcher, John, 1813-1884","Preston, John T. L. (John Thomas Lewis), 1811-1890","Kinsolving, Roberta Cary Corbin, 1826-1919"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creators_ssim":["Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Jackson, Mary Anna, 1831-1915","Hill, Daniel Harvey, 1821-1899","Preston, Margaret Junkin, 1820-1897","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston), 1807-1891","Christian, Julia Jackson","Arnold, Laura Ann Jackson, 1826-1911","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Jackson, Eleanor Junkin, 1825-1854","Letcher, John, 1813-1884","Preston, John T. L. (John Thomas Lewis), 1811-1890","Kinsolving, Roberta Cary Corbin, 1826-1919","Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Researchers are required to use photocopies or online versions of the Stonewall Jackson documents.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Mexican War, 1846-1848","Generals—Confederate States of America","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Chancellorsville (Va.), Battle of, 1863","Virginia Military Institute—History—19th century","Virginia Military Institute—Faculty—19th century","Virginia Military Institute—Academics—History—19th century","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives—Confederate","Mexican War, 1846-1848—Personal narratives","Correspondence","Reports","Orders (military records)","Dispatches"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Mexican War, 1846-1848","Generals—Confederate States of America","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Chancellorsville (Va.), Battle of, 1863","Virginia Military Institute—History—19th century","Virginia Military Institute—Faculty—19th century","Virginia Military Institute—Academics—History—19th century","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives—Confederate","Mexican War, 1846-1848—Personal narratives","Correspondence","Reports","Orders (military records)","Dispatches"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["3 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Reports","Orders (military records)","Dispatches"],"date_range_isim":[1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research, but there are special conditions governing use.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research, but there are special conditions governing use."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThomas Jonathan Jackson was born on January 21, 1824 in western Virginia (now West Virginia) to Julia Neale Jackson and Jonathan Jackson. Jackson was orphaned at a\nyoung age and he was raised by extended members of his\nfather's family, mainly his uncle, Cummins Jackson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJackson graduated from the United States Military Academy at West Point in June 1846 and subsequently served in the United States Army, during which time he fought in the Mexican War. Jackson resigned his commission in 1851, after he was appointed Professor of Natural and Experimental Philosophy at VMI. He moved to Lexington, Virginia and settled into life as a civilian.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn April 1861, Jackson rode off to war. Following the first Battle of Manassas (Virginia), he became widely known by the nickname \"Stonewall\" and earned lasting fame for his leadership of Confederate forces, especially during the Valley Campaign of 1862.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJackson died on May 10, 1863 as a result of complications from wounds received at Chancellorsville, Virginia along with pneumonia. 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Other correspondents include Margaret Junkin Preston, and Confederate Generals Joseph E. Johnston and Daniel Harvey Hill.","Other series include incoming correspondence, Civil War reports, orders, dispatches, and documents associated with Jackson.","In addition to Jackson's personal papers, this collection\ncontains the allied papers of Jackson's second wife, Mary Anna Jackson (Morrison) (approximately 143 items), his daughter Julia Jackson Christian (approximately 10 items), and his sister Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson)(approximately  115 items)."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers are required to use photocopies or online versions of the Stonewall Jackson documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Researchers are required to use photocopies or online versions of the Stonewall Jackson documents.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_a29f9f8b59d941d7ba0273232d427810\"\u003eManuscripts stacks and Oversized Case 2\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks and Oversized Case 2"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Jackson, Mary Anna, 1831-1915","Hill, Daniel Harvey, 1821-1899","Preston, Margaret Junkin, 1820-1897","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston), 1807-1891","Christian, Julia Jackson","Arnold, Laura Ann Jackson, 1826-1911","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Jackson, Eleanor Junkin, 1825-1854","Letcher, John, 1813-1884","Preston, John T. L. (John Thomas Lewis), 1811-1890","Kinsolving, Roberta Cary Corbin, 1826-1919"],"names_coll_ssim":["Christian, Julia Jackson","Arnold, Laura Ann Jackson, 1826-1911"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Jackson, Mary Anna, 1831-1915","Hill, Daniel Harvey, 1821-1899","Preston, Margaret Junkin, 1820-1897","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston), 1807-1891","Christian, Julia Jackson","Arnold, Laura Ann Jackson, 1826-1911","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Jackson, Eleanor Junkin, 1825-1854","Letcher, John, 1813-1884","Preston, John T. L. 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(Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Jackson, Eleanor Junkin, 1825-1854","Letcher, John, 1813-1884","Hill, Daniel Harvey, 1821-1899","Preston, Margaret Junkin, 1820-1897","Preston, John T. L. 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Jackson was orphaned at a\nyoung age and he was raised by extended members of his\nfather's family, mainly his uncle, Cummins Jackson.","Jackson graduated from the United States Military Academy at West Point in June 1846 and subsequently served in the United States Army, during which time he fought in the Mexican War. Jackson resigned his commission in 1851, after he was appointed Professor of Natural and Experimental Philosophy at VMI. He moved to Lexington, Virginia and settled into life as a civilian.","In April 1861, Jackson rode off to war. Following the first Battle of Manassas (Virginia), he became widely known by the nickname \"Stonewall\" and earned lasting fame for his leadership of Confederate forces, especially during the Valley Campaign of 1862.","Jackson died on May 10, 1863 as a result of complications from wounds received at Chancellorsville, Virginia along with pneumonia. His body was brought back to Lexington for burial in a cemetery on the south edge of town.","The Stonewall Jackson papers consist primarily of the personal papers of Civil War General Thomas Jonathan \"Stonewall\" Jackson (1824-1863). The bulk of the letters date from the pre-Civil War period and concern professional, personal, and domestic matters, including many in which Jackson writes about his religious faith, his concerns about health and diet, and his family.","The papers provide insight into Jackson's personality and philosophy, and present a portrait of the man as he was in the years before he gained national fame as a wartime military leader. A small percentage of the documents date from the Civil War period and are directly related to Jackson's Confederate Army service.","The papers include approximately 160 items of Jackson's outgoing correspondence (dated 1844 to 1863) spanning his cadetship at West Point, his service in the United States Army (1846 to 1851), including his participation in the Mexican War, his years as a faculty member at the VMI (1851 to 1861), and his career in the Confederate States Army. The bulk of the correspondence is addressed to his sister, Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson). Other correspondents include Margaret Junkin Preston, and Confederate Generals Joseph E. Johnston and Daniel Harvey Hill.","Other series include incoming correspondence, Civil War reports, orders, dispatches, and documents associated with Jackson.","In addition to Jackson's personal papers, this collection\ncontains the allied papers of Jackson's second wife, Mary Anna Jackson (Morrison) (approximately 143 items), his daughter Julia Jackson Christian (approximately 10 items), and his sister Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson)(approximately  115 items).","Researchers are required to use photocopies or online versions of the Stonewall Jackson documents.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. 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Following the first Battle of Manassas (Virginia), he became widely known by the nickname \"Stonewall\" and earned lasting fame for his leadership of Confederate forces, especially during the Valley Campaign of 1862.","Jackson died on May 10, 1863 as a result of complications from wounds received at Chancellorsville, Virginia along with pneumonia. His body was brought back to Lexington for burial in a cemetery on the south edge of town."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eStonewall Jackson papers, 1844-1915. MS 0102. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Stonewall Jackson papers, 1844-1915. MS 0102. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Stonewall Jackson papers consist primarily of the personal papers of Civil War General Thomas Jonathan \"Stonewall\" Jackson (1824-1863). 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The bulk of the correspondence is addressed to his sister, Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson). Other correspondents include Margaret Junkin Preston, and Confederate Generals Joseph E. Johnston and Daniel Harvey Hill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOther series include incoming correspondence, Civil War reports, orders, dispatches, and documents associated with Jackson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to Jackson's personal papers, this collection\ncontains the allied papers of Jackson's second wife, Mary Anna Jackson (Morrison) (approximately 143 items), his daughter Julia Jackson Christian (approximately 10 items), and his sister Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson)(approximately  115 items).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Stonewall Jackson papers consist primarily of the personal papers of Civil War General Thomas Jonathan \"Stonewall\" Jackson (1824-1863). 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Other correspondents include Margaret Junkin Preston, and Confederate Generals Joseph E. Johnston and Daniel Harvey Hill.","Other series include incoming correspondence, Civil War reports, orders, dispatches, and documents associated with Jackson.","In addition to Jackson's personal papers, this collection\ncontains the allied papers of Jackson's second wife, Mary Anna Jackson (Morrison) (approximately 143 items), his daughter Julia Jackson Christian (approximately 10 items), and his sister Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson)(approximately  115 items)."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers are required to use photocopies or online versions of the Stonewall Jackson documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Researchers are required to use photocopies or online versions of the Stonewall Jackson documents.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_a29f9f8b59d941d7ba0273232d427810\"\u003eManuscripts stacks and Oversized Case 2\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks and Oversized Case 2"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Jackson, Mary Anna, 1831-1915","Hill, Daniel Harvey, 1821-1899","Preston, Margaret Junkin, 1820-1897","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston), 1807-1891","Christian, Julia Jackson","Arnold, Laura Ann Jackson, 1826-1911","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Jackson, Eleanor Junkin, 1825-1854","Letcher, John, 1813-1884","Preston, John T. L. (John Thomas Lewis), 1811-1890","Kinsolving, Roberta Cary Corbin, 1826-1919"],"names_coll_ssim":["Christian, Julia Jackson","Arnold, Laura Ann Jackson, 1826-1911"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Jackson, Mary Anna, 1831-1915","Hill, Daniel Harvey, 1821-1899","Preston, Margaret Junkin, 1820-1897","Johnston, Joseph E. (Joseph Eggleston), 1807-1891","Christian, Julia Jackson","Arnold, Laura Ann Jackson, 1826-1911","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Jackson, Eleanor Junkin, 1825-1854","Letcher, John, 1813-1884","Preston, John T. L. 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It also contains a bankshare certificate (1858) and an estate document (dated June 5, 1863).\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_591_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_591_c04","ref_ssm":["vilxv_repositories_3_resources_591_c04"],"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_591_c04","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_591","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_591","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_591","parent_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_591","parent_ssim":["Stonewall Jackson papers, 1844/1915"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vilxv_repositories_3_resources_591"],"title_filing_ssi":"Stonewall Jackson financial documents","title_ssm":["Stonewall Jackson financial documents"],"title_tesim":["Stonewall Jackson financial documents"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Stonewall Jackson financial documents, 1853/1863"],"text":["Stonewall Jackson financial documents, 1853/1863","Stonewall Jackson papers, 1844/1915","box 3","Folder 16-25","Financial records","Certificates","English","This series consists primarily of VMI paychecks endorsed on reverse by Stonewall Jackson. It also contains a bankshare certificate (1858) and an estate document (dated June 5, 1863)."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Stonewall Jackson papers, 1844/1915"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Stonewall Jackson papers, 1844/1915"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1853/1863"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1853-1863"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":179,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Stonewall Jackson papers, 1844/1915"],"containers_ssim":["box 3","Folder 16-25"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open to research, but there are special conditions governing use."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Researchers are required to use photocopies or online versions of the Stonewall Jackson documents.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Financial records","Certificates"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Financial records","Certificates"],"language_ssim":["English"],"date_range_isim":[1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis series consists primarily of VMI paychecks endorsed on reverse by Stonewall Jackson. It also contains a bankshare certificate (1858) and an estate document (dated June 5, 1863).\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This series consists primarily of VMI paychecks endorsed on reverse by Stonewall Jackson. 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Jackson was orphaned at a\nyoung age and he was raised by extended members of his\nfather's family, mainly his uncle, Cummins Jackson.","Jackson graduated from the United States Military Academy at West Point in June 1846 and subsequently served in the United States Army, during which time he fought in the Mexican War. Jackson resigned his commission in 1851, after he was appointed Professor of Natural and Experimental Philosophy at VMI. He moved to Lexington, Virginia and settled into life as a civilian.","In April 1861, Jackson rode off to war. Following the first Battle of Manassas (Virginia), he became widely known by the nickname \"Stonewall\" and earned lasting fame for his leadership of Confederate forces, especially during the Valley Campaign of 1862.","Jackson died on May 10, 1863 as a result of complications from wounds received at Chancellorsville, Virginia along with pneumonia. His body was brought back to Lexington for burial in a cemetery on the south edge of town.","The Stonewall Jackson papers consist primarily of the personal papers of Civil War General Thomas Jonathan \"Stonewall\" Jackson (1824-1863). The bulk of the letters date from the pre-Civil War period and concern professional, personal, and domestic matters, including many in which Jackson writes about his religious faith, his concerns about health and diet, and his family.","The papers provide insight into Jackson's personality and philosophy, and present a portrait of the man as he was in the years before he gained national fame as a wartime military leader. A small percentage of the documents date from the Civil War period and are directly related to Jackson's Confederate Army service.","The papers include approximately 160 items of Jackson's outgoing correspondence (dated 1844 to 1863) spanning his cadetship at West Point, his service in the United States Army (1846 to 1851), including his participation in the Mexican War, his years as a faculty member at the VMI (1851 to 1861), and his career in the Confederate States Army. The bulk of the correspondence is addressed to his sister, Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson). Other correspondents include Margaret Junkin Preston, and Confederate Generals Joseph E. 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The bulk of the correspondence is addressed to his sister, Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson). Other correspondents include Margaret Junkin Preston, and Confederate Generals Joseph E. Johnston and Daniel Harvey Hill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOther series include incoming correspondence, Civil War reports, orders, dispatches, and documents associated with Jackson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to Jackson's personal papers, this collection\ncontains the allied papers of Jackson's second wife, Mary Anna Jackson (Morrison) (approximately 143 items), his daughter Julia Jackson Christian (approximately 10 items), and his sister Laura Ann Arnold (Jackson)(approximately  115 items).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Stonewall Jackson papers consist primarily of the personal papers of Civil War General Thomas Jonathan \"Stonewall\" Jackson (1824-1863). 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(George Dodd), 1813-1899","Bowcock, John, Rev.","Taliaferro, John B.","Williamson, Thomas H. (Thomas Hoomes), 1813-1888","Preston, John T. L. (John Thomas Lewis), 1811-1890","Volck, Frederick.","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Walker, James A. (James Alexander)"],"names_ssim":["Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Gilham, William, 1818-1872","Armstrong, George D. (George Dodd), 1813-1899","Bowcock, John, Rev.","Taliaferro, John B.","Williamson, Thomas H. (Thomas Hoomes), 1813-1888","Preston, John T. L. (John Thomas Lewis), 1811-1890","Volck, Frederick.","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Walker, James A. (James Alexander)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"date_range_isim":[1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSubject Files maintained by the office of VMI's first Superintendent, Francis H. Smith\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Subject Files maintained by the office of VMI's first Superintendent, Francis H. Smith"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:37:30.860Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_38","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_38","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_38","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_38","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_38.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vmi/vilxv00084.xml","title_ssm":["Records of Superintendent Francis H. Smith, 1839-1889"],"title_tesim":["Records of Superintendent Francis H. Smith, 1839-1889"],"unitdate_ssm":["1839-1889"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1839-1889"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1839/1889"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Records of Superintendent Francis H. Smith, 1839-1889, 1839/1889"],"text":["Records of Superintendent Francis H. Smith, 1839-1889, 1839/1889","RG.02.01-SmithFH","/repositories/3/resources/38","Virginia Military Institute—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia Military Institute—History—19th century","Military education -- Virginia -- History -- 19th century","Correspondence","There are no restrictions","Some items from the Smith papers are available online.","Some annual reports from the Smith administration are available online","Francis H. Smith served for fifty years (1839-1889) as VMI's first Superintendent. Smith was born in 1812, graduated from West Point in 1833, and came to Lexington, Virginia in 1839 to lead the newly established Virginia Military Institute. He died in March 1890, a few months after his retirement as Superintendent. He was known as the builder and --after the Civil War-- rebuilder of VMI. His official correspondence spans the period 1839-1889, with few gaps. The Civil War era and earlier letters survived Gen. David Hunter's destruction of many Institute buildings in June 1864. 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Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Archives stacks, Record Group 02, Superintendent","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Virginia Military Institute. Office of the Superintendent","Virginia Military Institute. Museum","Virginia Military Institute. Alumni Association","Virginia Military Institute. Library","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Beale, William S. (William Steenbergen), 1823-1850","Gilham, William, 1818-1872","Armstrong, George D. (George Dodd), 1813-1899","Bowcock, John, Rev.","Taliaferro, John B.","Williamson, Thomas H. (Thomas Hoomes), 1813-1888","Preston, John T. L. (John Thomas Lewis), 1811-1890","Volck, Frederick.","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Walker, James A. (James Alexander)","Jackson, Andrew, 1767-1845","Dooley, Edwin L., Jr., 1942-","Smith, Francis H., Jr. (Francis Henney), 1849-1917","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Records of Superintendent Francis H. Smith, 1839-1889, 1839/1889"],"collection_ssim":["Records of Superintendent Francis H. Smith, 1839-1889, 1839/1889"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Sub-Group","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG.02.01-SmithFH","/repositories/3/resources/38"],"unitid_tesim":["RG.02.01-SmithFH","/repositories/3/resources/38"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Virginia Military Institute. Office of the Superintendent"],"creator_ssim":["Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Virginia Military Institute. Office of the Superintendent"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Beale, William S. (William Steenbergen), 1823-1850","Gilham, William, 1818-1872","Armstrong, George D. (George Dodd), 1813-1899","Bowcock, John, Rev.","Taliaferro, John B.","Williamson, Thomas H. (Thomas Hoomes), 1813-1888","Preston, John T. L. (John Thomas Lewis), 1811-1890","Volck, Frederick.","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Walker, James A. (James Alexander)","Jackson, Andrew, 1767-1845","Dooley, Edwin L., Jr., 1942-","Smith, Francis H., Jr. (Francis Henney), 1849-1917"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Virginia Military Institute. Office of the Superintendent","Virginia Military Institute. Museum","Virginia Military Institute. Alumni Association","Virginia Military Institute. Library"],"creators_ssim":["Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Beale, William S. (William Steenbergen), 1823-1850","Gilham, William, 1818-1872","Armstrong, George D. (George Dodd), 1813-1899","Bowcock, John, Rev.","Taliaferro, John B.","Williamson, Thomas H. (Thomas Hoomes), 1813-1888","Preston, John T. L. (John Thomas Lewis), 1811-1890","Volck, Frederick.","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Walker, James A. (James Alexander)","Jackson, Andrew, 1767-1845","Dooley, Edwin L., Jr., 1942-","Smith, Francis H., Jr. (Francis Henney), 1849-1917","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Virginia Military Institute. Office of the Superintendent","Virginia Military Institute. Museum","Virginia Military Institute. Alumni Association","Virginia Military Institute. Library"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions; fragile and oversized items may have copying or scanning limitations.","Collections in the VMI Archives are made available for noncommercial educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia Military Institute—History—19th century","Military education -- Virginia -- History -- 19th century","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia Military Institute—History—19th century","Military education -- Virginia -- History -- 19th century","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["30 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["30 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions"],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://digitalcollections.vmi.edu/cdm/landingpage/collection/p15821coll14\"\u003eSome items from the Smith papers are available online.\u003c/a\u003e \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://digitalcollections.vmi.edu/cdm/ref/collection/p15821coll21/id/1680\"\u003eSome annual reports from the Smith administration are available online\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Online Access"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some items from the Smith papers are available online.","Some annual reports from the Smith administration are available online"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrancis H. Smith served for fifty years (1839-1889) as VMI's first Superintendent. Smith was born in 1812, graduated from West Point in 1833, and came to Lexington, Virginia in 1839 to lead the newly established Virginia Military Institute. He died in March 1890, a few months after his retirement as Superintendent. He was known as the builder and --after the Civil War-- rebuilder of VMI. His official correspondence spans the period 1839-1889, with few gaps. The Civil War era and earlier letters survived Gen. David Hunter's destruction of many Institute buildings in June 1864. Smith corresponded with the notable military, educational, and political leaders of his time, making the correspondence a rich resource for scholars.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Francis H. Smith served for fifty years (1839-1889) as VMI's first Superintendent. Smith was born in 1812, graduated from West Point in 1833, and came to Lexington, Virginia in 1839 to lead the newly established Virginia Military Institute. He died in March 1890, a few months after his retirement as Superintendent. He was known as the builder and --after the Civil War-- rebuilder of VMI. His official correspondence spans the period 1839-1889, with few gaps. The Civil War era and earlier letters survived Gen. David Hunter's destruction of many Institute buildings in June 1864. Smith corresponded with the notable military, educational, and political leaders of his time, making the correspondence a rich resource for scholars."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords of the Superintendent.  Francis H. Smith Administration. [specific series/item/date]\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Records of the Superintendent.  Francis H. Smith Administration. [specific series/item/date]"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://archivesspace.vmi.edu/repositories/3/resources/795\"\u003eAnnual and Special Reports of the Superintendent\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Annual and Special Reports of the Superintendent"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThese files constitute the major record series generated by the office of Francis H. Smith, VMI's first Superintendent. He served from 1839-1889. The records, (ca. 30 linear feet) consist of incoming and outgoing correspondence, order books, speeches and publications, annual reports, personal file, and subject files.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["These files constitute the major record series generated by the office of Francis H. Smith, VMI's first Superintendent. He served from 1839-1889. The records, (ca. 30 linear feet) consist of incoming and outgoing correspondence, order books, speeches and publications, annual reports, personal file, and subject files."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions; fragile and oversized items may have copying or scanning limitations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCollections in the VMI Archives are made available for noncommercial educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions; fragile and oversized items may have copying or scanning limitations.","Collections in the VMI Archives are made available for noncommercial educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_38737c95f56a20b673a6f5327e0c023e\"\u003eArchives stacks, Record Group 02, Superintendent\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Archives stacks, Record Group 02, Superintendent"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Virginia Military Institute. Office of the Superintendent","Virginia Military Institute. Museum","Virginia Military Institute. Alumni Association","Virginia Military Institute. Library"],"persname_ssim":["Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Beale, William S. (William Steenbergen), 1823-1850","Gilham, William, 1818-1872","Armstrong, George D. (George Dodd), 1813-1899","Bowcock, John, Rev.","Taliaferro, John B.","Williamson, Thomas H. (Thomas Hoomes), 1813-1888","Preston, John T. L. (John Thomas Lewis), 1811-1890","Volck, Frederick.","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Walker, James A. (James Alexander)","Jackson, Andrew, 1767-1845","Dooley, Edwin L., Jr., 1942-","Smith, Francis H., Jr. (Francis Henney), 1849-1917"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Virginia Military Institute. Office of the Superintendent","Virginia Military Institute. Museum","Virginia Military Institute. Alumni Association","Virginia Military Institute. Library","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Beale, William S. (William Steenbergen), 1823-1850","Gilham, William, 1818-1872","Armstrong, George D. (George Dodd), 1813-1899","Bowcock, John, Rev.","Taliaferro, John B.","Williamson, Thomas H. (Thomas Hoomes), 1813-1888","Preston, John T. L. (John Thomas Lewis), 1811-1890","Volck, Frederick.","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Walker, James A. (James Alexander)","Jackson, Andrew, 1767-1845","Dooley, Edwin L., Jr., 1942-","Smith, Francis H., Jr. (Francis Henney), 1849-1917"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":40,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:37:30.860Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_38_c04"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2250_c03","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Subject Files, 1848/1947","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2250_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2250_c03","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2250_c03"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2250_c03","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2250","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2250","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2250","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2250","parent_ssim":["Thomas W. Colley Collection, 1845/1986, bulk 1845/1947"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2250"],"title_filing_ssi":"Subject Files,","title_ssm":["Subject Files"],"title_tesim":["Subject Files"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Subject Files, 1848/1947"],"text":["Subject Files, 1848/1947","Thomas W. Colley Collection, 1845/1986, bulk 1845/1947"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Thomas W. Colley Collection, 1845/1986, bulk 1845/1947"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Thomas W. Colley Collection, 1845/1986, bulk 1845/1947"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1848/1947"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1848-1947, n.d."],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":15,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Thomas W. Colley Collection, 1845/1986, bulk 1845/1947"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":19,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947],"_nest_path_":"/components#2","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:31.807Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2250","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2250","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2250","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2250","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2250.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Colley, Thomas W. Collection","title_ssm":["Thomas W. Colley Collection"],"title_tesim":["Thomas W. Colley Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1845-1947, 1986","1845-1947"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1845-1947, 1986"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1845-1947"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1845/1986, bulk 1845/1947"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Thomas W. Colley Collection, 1845/1986, bulk 1845/1947"],"text":["Thomas W. Colley Collection, 1845/1986, bulk 1845/1947","Ms.2003.017","abingdon (Va.)","Washington County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Civil War","Collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged into three series:  Series 1: Correspondence; Series 2: Financial Documents; and Series 3: Subject Files.  The folders within each series are organized in chronological order.","Thomas W. Colley (1837-1919) served in the Confederate army during the American Civil War. He enlisted in May 1861 as a private in the 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company D (2nd), referred to also as the Washington Mounted Rifles, as this company hailed from Washington County, VA. Colley was wounded multiple times during the course of the war. Most seriously, at Kelly's Ford in 1863, he was shot near the stomach on the left side; the ball passed clean through his body and emerged near his spine. He recovered and returned to his division.  He finished the war with the rank of 2nd Corporal. Thomas Colley's brother, William Lewis Colley, who appears in correspondence within the collection, also served in the same cavalry division. Following the war, Colley returned to Abingdon, VA and held the following positions for Washington County, VA:  Deputy Sheriff, Commissioner of Revenue, and Overseer for the Poor. He died in 1919.","Sources Consulted:","Driver, Robert J., Jr. 1st Virginia Cavalry. Lynchburg, VA: H. E. Howard, Inc., 1991.","The guide to the Thomas W. Colley Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Thomas W. Colley Collection was completed in October 2013.","Other materials relating to Thomas W. Colley can be found within the L. C. Angle, Jr. Collection, Ms 2001-043. Finding aid available online.","The collection contains both material related to Thomas W. Colley's daily life in Abingdon, VA, and to Colley's service as a Confederate soldier in the Civil War. Materials  include correspondence, financial documents, such as ledgers, receipts, and deeds, temperance society sermons, electoral cards, a Veteran's Meeting minute book, Civil War reminiscences, and a roll for the First Virginia Company D Volunteer Cavalry's wounded and dead for 1861. The majority of the collection dates from 1860 to 1920.","Much of the correspondence occurs between Thomas Colley and his extended family, except for Colley's business correspondence.  The letters dating to the Civil War are typed transcriptions rather than the original.  Later letters, however, that make reference to and reminisce about the Civil War are original.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Thomas W. Colley Collection contains correspondence, financial documents, such as ledgers, receipts, and deeds, temperance society sermons, electoral cards, a Veteran's Meeting minute book, Civil War reminiscences, and a roll for the First Virginia Company D Volunteer Cavalry's wounded and dead for 1861.  The majority of the collection dates from 1860 to 1920.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Colley, Thomas W., 1837-1919","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Thomas W. Colley Collection, 1845/1986, bulk 1845/1947"],"collection_ssim":["Thomas W. Colley Collection, 1845/1986, bulk 1845/1947"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2003.017"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2003.017"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["abingdon (Va.)","Washington County (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["abingdon (Va.)","Washington County (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["abingdon (Va.)","Washington County (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Colley, Thomas W., 1837-1919"],"creator_ssim":["Colley, Thomas W., 1837-1919"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Colley, Thomas W., 1837-1919"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Colley, Thomas W., 1837-1919","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to Special Collections before 2003."],"access_subjects_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Civil War"],"access_subjects_ssm":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Civil War"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.3 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["1.3 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into three series:  Series 1: Correspondence; Series 2: Financial Documents; and Series 3: Subject Files.  The folders within each series are organized in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into three series:  Series 1: Correspondence; Series 2: Financial Documents; and Series 3: Subject Files.  The folders within each series are organized in chronological order."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThomas W. Colley (1837-1919) served in the Confederate army during the American Civil War. He enlisted in May 1861 as a private in the 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company D (2nd), referred to also as the Washington Mounted Rifles, as this company hailed from Washington County, VA. Colley was wounded multiple times during the course of the war. Most seriously, at Kelly's Ford in 1863, he was shot near the stomach on the left side; the ball passed clean through his body and emerged near his spine. He recovered and returned to his division.  He finished the war with the rank of 2nd Corporal. Thomas Colley's brother, William Lewis Colley, who appears in correspondence within the collection, also served in the same cavalry division. Following the war, Colley returned to Abingdon, VA and held the following positions for Washington County, VA:  Deputy Sheriff, Commissioner of Revenue, and Overseer for the Poor. He died in 1919.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSources Consulted:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDriver, Robert J., Jr. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003e1st Virginia Cavalry\u003c/title\u003e. Lynchburg, VA: H. E. Howard, Inc., 1991.     \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Thomas W. Colley (1837-1919) served in the Confederate army during the American Civil War. He enlisted in May 1861 as a private in the 1st Virginia Cavalry, Company D (2nd), referred to also as the Washington Mounted Rifles, as this company hailed from Washington County, VA. Colley was wounded multiple times during the course of the war. Most seriously, at Kelly's Ford in 1863, he was shot near the stomach on the left side; the ball passed clean through his body and emerged near his spine. He recovered and returned to his division.  He finished the war with the rank of 2nd Corporal. Thomas Colley's brother, William Lewis Colley, who appears in correspondence within the collection, also served in the same cavalry division. Following the war, Colley returned to Abingdon, VA and held the following positions for Washington County, VA:  Deputy Sheriff, Commissioner of Revenue, and Overseer for the Poor. He died in 1919.","Sources Consulted:","Driver, Robert J., Jr. 1st Virginia Cavalry. Lynchburg, VA: H. E. Howard, Inc., 1991."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Thomas W. Colley Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Thomas W. Colley Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Thomas W. Colley Collection, Ms2003-017, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Thomas W. Colley Collection, Ms2003-017, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Thomas W. Colley Collection was completed in October 2013.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Thomas W. Colley Collection was completed in October 2013."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOther materials relating to Thomas W. Colley can be found within the L. C. Angle, Jr. Collection, Ms 2001-043. \u003ca href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv00097.xml\" show=\"new\" actuate=\"onRequest\"\u003eFinding aid\u003c/a\u003e available online.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Other materials relating to Thomas W. Colley can be found within the L. C. Angle, Jr. Collection, Ms 2001-043. Finding aid available online."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains both material related to Thomas W. Colley's daily life in Abingdon, VA, and to Colley's service as a Confederate soldier in the Civil War. Materials  include correspondence, financial documents, such as ledgers, receipts, and deeds, temperance society sermons, electoral cards, a Veteran's Meeting minute book, Civil War reminiscences, and a roll for the First Virginia Company D Volunteer Cavalry's wounded and dead for 1861. The majority of the collection dates from 1860 to 1920.    \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMuch of the correspondence occurs between Thomas Colley and his extended family, except for Colley's business correspondence.  The letters dating to the Civil War are typed transcriptions rather than the original.  Later letters, however, that make reference to and reminisce about the Civil War are original.  \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains both material related to Thomas W. Colley's daily life in Abingdon, VA, and to Colley's service as a Confederate soldier in the Civil War. Materials  include correspondence, financial documents, such as ledgers, receipts, and deeds, temperance society sermons, electoral cards, a Veteran's Meeting minute book, Civil War reminiscences, and a roll for the First Virginia Company D Volunteer Cavalry's wounded and dead for 1861. The majority of the collection dates from 1860 to 1920.","Much of the correspondence occurs between Thomas Colley and his extended family, except for Colley's business correspondence.  The letters dating to the Civil War are typed transcriptions rather than the original.  Later letters, however, that make reference to and reminisce about the Civil War are original."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a5f67bd0f7328856d49f809aec576b28\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Thomas W. Colley Collection contains correspondence, financial documents, such as ledgers, receipts, and deeds, temperance society sermons, electoral cards, a Veteran's Meeting minute book, Civil War reminiscences, and a roll for the First Virginia Company D Volunteer Cavalry's wounded and dead for 1861.  The majority of the collection dates from 1860 to 1920.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Thomas W. Colley Collection contains correspondence, financial documents, such as ledgers, receipts, and deeds, temperance society sermons, electoral cards, a Veteran's Meeting minute book, Civil War reminiscences, and a roll for the First Virginia Company D Volunteer Cavalry's wounded and dead for 1861.  The majority of the collection dates from 1860 to 1920."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Colley, Thomas W., 1837-1919"],"names_coll_ssim":["Colley, Thomas W., 1837-1919"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Colley, Thomas W., 1837-1919"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":34,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:30:31.807Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2250_c03"}},{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_40_c02_c05","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Subseries 2.1 Miscellaneous, 1785/1862","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_40_c02_c05#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_40_c02_c05","ref_ssm":["vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_40_c02_c05"],"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_40_c02_c05","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_40","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_40","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_40_c02","parent_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_40_c02","parent_ssim":["Peter family papers, 1722/1932","Series 2. Papers of Tobias Lear, 1790"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_40","vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_40_c02"],"title_filing_ssi":"Subseries 2.1 Miscellaneous","title_ssm":["Subseries 2.1 Miscellaneous"],"title_tesim":["Subseries 2.1 Miscellaneous"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Subseries 2.1 Miscellaneous, 1785/1862"],"text":["Subseries 2.1 Miscellaneous, 1785/1862","Peter family papers, 1722/1932","Series 2. Papers of Tobias Lear, 1790","Shelf I:1","Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1757-1834","Madison, James, 1751-1836","English."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Peter family papers, 1722/1932","Series 2. Papers of Tobias Lear, 1790"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Peter family papers, 1722/1932","Series 2. Papers of Tobias Lear, 1790"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1785/1862"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1785-1862"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":18,"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"collection_ssim":["Peter family papers, 1722/1932"],"containers_ssim":["Shelf I:1"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":2,"persname_ssim":["Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1757-1834","Madison, James, 1751-1836"],"names_ssim":["Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1757-1834","Madison, James, 1751-1836"],"language_ssim":["English."],"date_range_isim":[1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#4","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:38:57.095Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_40","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_40","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_40","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_40","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_3_resources_40.xml","title_ssm":["Peter family papers"],"title_tesim":["Peter family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1772-1932"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1772-1932"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1722/1932"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Peter family papers, 1722/1932"],"text":["Peter family papers, 1722/1932","RM.1186","/repositories/3/resources/40","This collection is arranged in the following series and subseries. Within each series, materials are generally separated by format and listed chronologically, with undated materials listed last.","Series 1. Papers of George Washington\nSeries 2. Papers of Tobias Lear\nSeries 3. Miscellaneous\nSeries 4. Papers of Martha Washington\nSeries 5. Papers of Eliza Parke Custis Law\nSeries 6. Papers of Thomas Law: Subseries 6.1. Legal Documents, Subseries 6.2. Correspondence\nSeries 7. Papers of William Costin\nSeries 8. Papers of John Law\nSeries 9. Papers of Lloyd Nicholas Rogers\nSeries 10. Papers of Edmund Law Rogers\nSeries 11. Papers of Robert Peter: Subseries 11.1. Accounts, Subseries 11.2. Financial Documents, Subseries 11.3. Legal Documents, Subseries 11.4. Land Documents, Subseries 11.5. Estate Documents\nSeries 12. Papers of Thomas Peter: Subseries 12.1. Financial Documents, Subseries 12.2. Land Documents, Subseries 12.3. Estate Documents, Subseries 12.4. Correspondence\nSeries 13. Papers of Britannia W. Peter Kennon, 1824-1909: Subseries 13.1. Financial Documents, Subseries 13.2. Legal Documents, Subseries 13.3. Correspondence","The Peters were a prominent family in Washington, D.C. during the eighteenth and nineteen centuries. Martha Parke Custis, Martha Washington's granddaughter, married into the Peter family in 1795.","George Washington (1732-1799): George Washington was born on February 22, 1732 at a modest farm in Westmoreland County, Virginia to parents Augustine and Mary Ball Washington. In 1749, George Washington was appointed surveyor for Culpepper County. In 1752, he started his military career in the Virginia militia. During the Revolutionary War he was the Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army and later was elected as the first President of the United States of America. He lived with his wife, Martha Washington, at Mount Vernon, where he passed away December 14, 1799.","Martha Washington (1731-1802): Martha Dandridge Custis Washington was born on June 2, 1731 to parents John and Frances Jones Dandridge. She married her first husband, Daniel Parke Custis, on May 15, 1750. Together they had four children, two of whom died in childhood. On July 8, 1757, her husband unexpectedly died, leaving her a widow with their two remaining children, John Parke Custis and Martha Parke Custis. On January 6, 1759, Martha Dandridge Custis married George Washington. Martha Parke Custis or Patsy, died at the age of 17. On February 3, 1774, John Parke Custis married Eleanor Calvert, and together they had four children who survived to adulthood. However, on November 5, 1781, John Parke Custis passed away, and the younger two of his children went to live at Mount Vernon with their grandmother. Martha Dandridge Custis Washington died on May 22, 1802.","Tobias Lear (1762-1816): Tobias Lear was born in 1762. He was employed by George Washington in 1786 to manage expense reports to Congress and also as the personal tutor to Martha Washington's grandchildren. In 1790 Tobias Lear married Mary \"Polly\" Long; however she died in 1793. Lear then married Martha Washington's niece, Frances Bassett Washington, but she died shortly they were married. Lear married for a third time to Frances Dandridge Henley, another niece of Martha Washington. He died in 1816.","Elizabeth (Betsy, Beth, Eliza) Parke Custis Law (1776-1831): Wife to Thomas Law, Eliza Parke Custis Law was born on August 21, 1776. She was the daughter of John (Jacky) Parke Custis and Eleanor (Nelly) Calvert. Upon the death of her father in 1781, Eliza's two younger siblings, George Washington (Washy) Parke Custis and Eleanor (Nelly) Parke Custis went to live with their grandmother, Martha Washington, and her second husband, George Washington. Eliza and her other sister Martha stayed at home with their mother. Shortly after, their mother remarried Dr. David Stuart and had thirteen more children. On March 21, 1796, Eliza Parke Custis Law married Thomas Law and together they had one child, Eliza Law. In 1804, the couple separated and their daughter went to live with her father. They officially divorced in 1811. Eliza Parke Custis Law lived with one of her uncles for a time after the separation, and soon purchased a house in Alexandria called \"Mount Washington.\" Eliza Law Rogers died in 1822, leaving behind a husband (Lloyd Nicholas Rogers) and two children. Eliza Parke Custis Law died on December 31, 1831.","Thomas Law (1756-1834): Thomas Law was born on October 23, 1756 in Cambridge, England. He started his career working for the East India Trading Company and began building his reputation, as well as his income. In 1794, he left England to start a new life in America where he began to invest in lands, particularly in the nation's capital. Over time, Law became extremely passionate about the arts, particularly poetry, which he wrote and published. He even founded the first dance society, theater, and the Columbian Institute for the Promotion of Arts and Sciences. Thomas Law married Eliza Parke Custis on March 21, 1796. Together they had one child, Eliza Law, who married Lloyd Nicholls Rogers in 1817. Thomas Law died in 1834.","William Costin (1780-1842): William Costin was a prominent free black man in early 19th-century Washington DC. He was a messenger for the Bank of Washington and ran a hack business in the city. In 1800, he married his cousin Philadelphia (\"Delphy\"), a dower slave of Martha Washington. Upon Martha Washington's death in 1802, Delphy became the property of Eliza Parke Custis Law, wife to Thomas Law. Delphy and their children were granted freedom shortly after, and the couple decided to stay in Washington, D.C. Together the Costins had seven children. He died in 1842.","John Law (1784-1822): John Law was born in India about 1784 to Thomas Law and an unidentified Indian woman. In 1794 Thomas Law came to America after living about two decades in India; presumably John and his brothers came with him. Thomas Law married Eliza Parke Custis in 1796 and raised the boys until their separation around 1804. John Law graduated from Harvard University in 1804; he was a member of the Columbian Dragoons in 1811; and was the commissioner to adjust the Yazoo claims in 1814. He died on October 4, 1822.","Lloyd Nicholas Rogers (1787 or 1788-1860): Lloyd Nicholas Rogers was born on September 20, 1788 to parents Nicholas and Eleanor Buchanan Rogers. Lloyd Nicholas Rogers married Eliza Law Rogers in 1817. Together they had two children, Edmund Law Rogers and Eleanor Agnes Rogers. They lived on Druid Hill which had been passed down by Lloyd's Scottish father. Very shortly after the death of Lloyd's father in 1822, Eliza also died. In 1829, Rogers was married to Hortensia Monroe Hay who was the granddaughter of James Monroe. Together, they had an additional three daughters, Harriet, Hortensia, and Mary Custis. Lloyd was a proprietor of his estate and practiced law out of his home on Druid Hill. Hortensia died in the 1850s, leaving Lloyd all alone. All of his children except for Eleanor had already married and moved out. Eleanor would not marry until 1862, following her father's death. Lloyd Nicholas Rogers died on November 12, 1860.","Edmund Law Rogers (1818-1896): Edmund Law Rogers was born in 1818 to Lloyd Nicholas Rogers and Eliza Law Rogers. He grew up and lived in Baltimore all of his life, and was a founding member of the Maryland and Harvard Club, as well as a member of various other organizations, such as, the Sons of the Revolution and the Baltimore Historical Society. He spoke several different languages and was a lover of the arts. He married Charlotte Matilda Plater and together they had two children, Edmund Law Rogers, Jr., and Charlotte Plater Rogers. He died of paralysis on January 24, 1896.","Robert Peter (1726-1806): Robert Peter was born in 1726 in Scotland to Thomas Peter and Jean Dunlop, who were prosperous merchants. He immigrated to the United States around 1745, but there is no definite reason why he chose to leave. He first settled in the town, Bladensburg, along the Anacostia River. In 1751, Georgetown was established, and Robert purchased a lot in the town the following year, and slowly began to build up his land holdings. His land holdings grew to be quite extensive, including owning the entire square from M, K, and 31st Streets, and Wisconsin Ave. From 1789 to 1798, Robert Peter was the first mayor of Georgetown. On December 27, 1767, he married Elizabeth Scott, and together they had 10 children, one of whom died as an infant. Their names were: Thomas, Alexander, Elizabeth, Walter, Robert, Jean, Margaret, David, George, and James. He died in 1806.","Thomas Peter (1769-1834): Thomas Peter was born January 4, 1769 to Robert and Elizabeth Scott Peter. Thomas Peter married Martha Parke Custis, granddaughter to Martha Washington, in 1795. Together, they had eight children. Martha Eliza Eleanor, Columbia Washington, John Parke Custis, Robert Thomas, George Washington, America Pinckney, Martha Custis Castania (who died young), and Britannia Wellington. In 1805, Thomas and Martha purchased eight-and-a-half acres in \"Georgetown Heights.\" [For more information on Tudor Place, see Tudor Place: Historic House and Gardens.] They later hired architect Dr. William Thornton to design and build Tudor Place located in Georgetown. It was completed in 1816 and still stands today. Thomas Peter was a prominent lawyer of the time and was one of the executors of Martha Washington's will. He died April 16, 1834.","Martha (Patty) Parke Custis Peter (1777-1854): was born to John Parke Custis and Eleanor (Nelly) Calvert Custis on December 31, 1777. She was one of four children in their family to survive to adulthood: Eliza Parke, Martha Parke, Eleanor Parke (Nelly), and George Washington (Washy) Parke. Following the death of their father in 1781, Patty and her older sister, Eliza, lived with their mother and stepfather, Dr. David Stuart, and their large family, while their younger siblings, Nelly and Washy, lived with their grandparents at Mount Vernon. There were frequent visits to Mount Vernon in both childhood and following her marriage to Thomas Peter in 1795. She died July 13 or 15, 1854.","Britannia Wellington Peter Kennon (1815-1911): Britannia Wellington Peter was born January 28, 1815, as the youngest child of Martha Parke (Patty) Custis Peter and Thomas Peter. In 1842, she married Commodore Beverley Kennon, and together they had one child, Martha Custis Kennon, on October 18, 1843. Commodore Kennon died from a gun explosion on the frigate Princeton on February 28, 1844. Martha Custis Kennon married Dr. Armistead Peter in 1867. When Britannia Wellington Peter Kennon's mother passed in 1854, she inherited Tudor Place, where she lived until her death in 1911.","Major George Peter (1779-1861): Major George W. Peter was born on September 28, 1779 to Robert and Elizabeth Scott Peter. He was married three times during his life. First, to Ann Plater in 1809. Together they had two children, George and Thomas. His wife and two children all died in 1814. Secondly, in 1815 he married Agnes Buchanon Freeland. They had five children, Robert, Ann, James, Agnes, and David. Agnes, his wife, died in 1825. Only a month later, he again married, this time to Sarah Norfleet Freeland, the sister of his second wife. Together, they had nine children: Sarah Agnes, George, Alexander Scott, Margaret Dick, Elizabeth, Armistead, Walter Gibson, William, and Katherine Norfleet. Major George Peter was an officer in the army, a representative in Congress, and a farmer. During his career in the army, he was first appointed first lieutenant 2nd, Artillery and Engineers on February 16, 1801. He was promoted to Captain on November 3, 1807, and finally was transferred to the Light Artillery in May of 1808. He resigned in June 11, 1809. In 1815, he was elected to Congress to cover the sixth district in Maryland. He would continue this appointment until after 1828. He died June 22, 1861.","Dr. Armistead Peter (1840-1902): Dr. Armistead Peter was one of George Peter's sons from his third marriage to Sarah Norfleet Freeland Peter. He was born on February 23, 1840. Dr. Armistead Peter was a cousin to his wife Martha Custis Kennon Peter, whom he married in 1867. Together, Martha and Armistead had five children: Walter Gibson, Armistead, Beverley Kennon, George Freeland, and Agnes. He and Martha Custis Kennon Peter both moved into Tudor Place and Dr. Armistead Peter converted a portion of the house for his medical practice. He created a very successful business as one of the best doctors in the city of Washington. During the Civil War he was employed by the U.S. Army as ward surgeon, as well as serving in a smallpox hospital. Martha Custis Kennon Peter died suddenly in 1886. Armistead died in 1902, his mother-in-law, Britannia W. Peter Kennon outliving both of them. The land in Bethesda was divided between their four children. After Britannia W. Peter Kennon died, the house was left to her grandson, Armistead Peter II. Dr. Armistead Peter died on January 28, 1902.","Agnes Peter (1880-1957): Agnes Peter, born on February 3, 1880, was the daughter of Dr. Armistead Peter and Martha Custis Kennon Peter. She lived in France for a period of time during WWI conducting work for the YMCA. Agnes Peter was the director of a Foyer du Soldat and helped to receive soldiers and refugees. She was also in charge of the Graves Registration Section in Rheims. She was the first woman in France to be awarded the silver Medal of Honor for her distinguished services to the country during the war. In 1946, when she was 73, she married Nobel Prize winner, Dr. John R. Mott, who is most acclaimed for his work creating international Christian programs with a goal to establish peace. She died in 1957.","Peter family owned books are cataloged in the Library Catalog. The 23 titles (36 volumes) are searchable in the\nthe Catalog's Peter Family Collection.","This collection consists of papers collected by various members of the Peter families. It includes letters from George Washington, letters of condolence to Martha Washington after George Washington's death, estate documents, Major George Peter's military papers, land plats and surveys, photo albums, letterbooks, and notebooks that tell of the life of this prominent family in Virginia and the City of Washington.","Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Lear, Tobias, 1762-1816","Washington, Martha, 1731-1802","Law, Elizabeth Parke Custis, 1776-1831","Law, Thomas, 1756-1834","Costin, William, 1780?-1842","Law, John, 1784?-1822","Rogers, Lloyd Nicholas, approximately 1788-1860","Rogers, Edmund Law","Peter, Robert, 1726-1806","Peter, Thomas, 1769-1834","Peter, Martha Parke Custis, 1777-1854","Kennon, Britannia Wellington Peter, 1815-1911","Peter, George, 1779-1861","Peter, Armistead, 1840-1902","Peter, Agnes, 1840-1902","Mercereau, John, 1732-1820","Dandridge, Bartholomew, approximately 1774-1802","Stuart, Eleanor Calvert Custis, approximately 1758-1811","Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1757-1834","Madison, James, 1751-1836","Adams, Abigail, 1744-1818","Pinckney, Mary Stead, approximately 1751-1812","Trumbull, Jonathan, 1740-1809","Boudinot, Elias, 1740-1821","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Hamilton, Alexander, 1757-1804","Miller, Samuel, 1769-1850","Knox, Henry, 1750-1806","Varick, Richard, 1753-1831","Sedgwick, Theodore, 1746-1813","Rogers, William, 1751-1824","Stuart, Gilbert, 1755-1828","Atherton, Charles H.  (Charles Humphrey), 1773-1853","Lafayette, Georges Washington Louis Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1779-1849","Kemp, James, 1764-1827","Wadsworth, Peleg, 1748-1829","Blair, John D.  (John Durbarrow), 1759-1823","Griffith, William, 1766-1826","Le Mayeur, Jean Pierre","Sinclair, John, Sir, 1754-1835","Rogers, Elizabeth Parke Custis Law, 1797-1822","Bernard, Simon, 1779-1839","Ringgold, Tench","Lovering, William (Architect)","Scott, Gustavus, 1753-1800","Thornton, William, 1759-1828","White, Alexander, 1738-1804","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","Lewis, Lawrence, 1767-1839","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Law, Edmund, 1790-1829","Decatur, Susan Wheeler","Hay, George, 1765-1830","Lee, Henry, 1756-1818","De Kalb, Johann, 1721-1780","Elgar, Joseph","Anderson, James, 1745-1807","Craik, James, 1730-1814","Anderson, John","Stuart, David, 1753-1814","Dearborn, Henry, 1751-1829","Smith, George (Blacksmith)","Lear, Benjamin L. (Benjamin Lincoln), 1792-1832","Peter, George Washington, 1801-1877","Maltitz, Apollonius August von, 1795-1870","Quincy, Josiah, 1772-1864","Stabler, Edward, 1769-1831","Lewis, Lorenzo, 1803-1847","Kennon, Beverley, 1793-1844","Peter, Martha Custis Kennon, 1843-1886","Peter, Walter G.  (Walter Gibson), 1868-1945","Peter, Armistead, 1870-1960","Peter, George Freeland, 1875–1953","Tyler, John, 1790-1862","Peter, Walter Gibson, 1842-1863","Townsend, Justine Van Rensselaer, 1828-1912","Taney, Roger Brooke, 1777-1864","Delaplaine, Joseph, 1777-1824","Bunting, Charles","Key, Philip Barton, 1757-1815","Hanson, Alexander Contee, 1786-1819","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Peter family papers, 1722/1932"],"collection_ssim":["Peter family papers, 1722/1932"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RM.1186","/repositories/3/resources/40"],"unitid_tesim":["RM.1186","/repositories/3/resources/40"],"repository_ssm":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"creator_ssm":["Washington, George, 1732-1799","Lear, Tobias, 1762-1816","Washington, Martha, 1731-1802","Law, Elizabeth Parke Custis, 1776-1831","Law, Thomas, 1756-1834","Costin, William, 1780?-1842","Law, John, 1784?-1822","Rogers, Lloyd Nicholas, approximately 1788-1860","Rogers, Edmund Law","Peter, Robert, 1726-1806","Peter, Thomas, 1769-1834","Peter, Martha Parke Custis, 1777-1854","Kennon, Britannia Wellington Peter, 1815-1911","Peter, George, 1779-1861","Peter, Armistead, 1840-1902","Peter, Agnes, 1840-1902"],"creator_ssim":["Washington, George, 1732-1799","Lear, Tobias, 1762-1816","Washington, Martha, 1731-1802","Law, Elizabeth Parke Custis, 1776-1831","Law, Thomas, 1756-1834","Costin, William, 1780?-1842","Law, John, 1784?-1822","Rogers, Lloyd Nicholas, approximately 1788-1860","Rogers, Edmund Law","Peter, Robert, 1726-1806","Peter, Thomas, 1769-1834","Peter, Martha Parke Custis, 1777-1854","Kennon, Britannia Wellington Peter, 1815-1911","Peter, George, 1779-1861","Peter, Armistead, 1840-1902","Peter, Agnes, 1840-1902"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Washington, George, 1732-1799","Lear, Tobias, 1762-1816","Washington, Martha, 1731-1802","Law, Elizabeth Parke Custis, 1776-1831","Law, Thomas, 1756-1834","Costin, William, 1780?-1842","Law, John, 1784?-1822","Rogers, Lloyd Nicholas, approximately 1788-1860","Rogers, Edmund Law","Peter, Robert, 1726-1806","Peter, Thomas, 1769-1834","Peter, Martha Parke Custis, 1777-1854","Kennon, Britannia Wellington Peter, 1815-1911","Peter, George, 1779-1861","Peter, Armistead, 1840-1902","Peter, Agnes, 1840-1902","Mercereau, John, 1732-1820","Dandridge, Bartholomew, approximately 1774-1802","Stuart, Eleanor Calvert Custis, approximately 1758-1811","Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1757-1834","Madison, James, 1751-1836","Adams, Abigail, 1744-1818","Pinckney, Mary Stead, approximately 1751-1812","Trumbull, Jonathan, 1740-1809","Boudinot, Elias, 1740-1821","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Hamilton, Alexander, 1757-1804","Miller, Samuel, 1769-1850","Knox, Henry, 1750-1806","Varick, Richard, 1753-1831","Sedgwick, Theodore, 1746-1813","Rogers, William, 1751-1824","Stuart, Gilbert, 1755-1828","Atherton, Charles H.  (Charles Humphrey), 1773-1853","Lafayette, Georges Washington Louis Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1779-1849","Kemp, James, 1764-1827","Wadsworth, Peleg, 1748-1829","Blair, John D.  (John Durbarrow), 1759-1823","Griffith, William, 1766-1826","Le Mayeur, Jean Pierre","Sinclair, John, Sir, 1754-1835","Rogers, Elizabeth Parke Custis Law, 1797-1822","Bernard, Simon, 1779-1839","Ringgold, Tench","Lovering, William (Architect)","Scott, Gustavus, 1753-1800","Thornton, William, 1759-1828","White, Alexander, 1738-1804","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","Lewis, Lawrence, 1767-1839","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Law, Edmund, 1790-1829","Decatur, Susan Wheeler","Hay, George, 1765-1830","Lee, Henry, 1756-1818","De Kalb, Johann, 1721-1780","Elgar, Joseph","Anderson, James, 1745-1807","Craik, James, 1730-1814","Anderson, John","Stuart, David, 1753-1814","Dearborn, Henry, 1751-1829","Smith, George (Blacksmith)","Lear, Benjamin L. (Benjamin Lincoln), 1792-1832","Peter, George Washington, 1801-1877","Maltitz, Apollonius August von, 1795-1870","Quincy, Josiah, 1772-1864","Stabler, Edward, 1769-1831","Lewis, Lorenzo, 1803-1847","Kennon, Beverley, 1793-1844","Peter, Martha Custis Kennon, 1843-1886","Peter, Walter G.  (Walter Gibson), 1868-1945","Peter, Armistead, 1870-1960","Peter, George Freeland, 1875–1953","Tyler, John, 1790-1862","Peter, Walter Gibson, 1842-1863","Townsend, Justine Van Rensselaer, 1828-1912","Taney, Roger Brooke, 1777-1864","Delaplaine, Joseph, 1777-1824","Bunting, Charles","Key, Philip Barton, 1757-1815","Hanson, Alexander Contee, 1786-1819"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"creators_ssim":["Washington, George, 1732-1799","Lear, Tobias, 1762-1816","Washington, Martha, 1731-1802","Law, Elizabeth Parke Custis, 1776-1831","Law, Thomas, 1756-1834","Costin, William, 1780?-1842","Law, John, 1784?-1822","Rogers, Lloyd Nicholas, approximately 1788-1860","Rogers, Edmund Law","Peter, Robert, 1726-1806","Peter, Thomas, 1769-1834","Peter, Martha Parke Custis, 1777-1854","Kennon, Britannia Wellington Peter, 1815-1911","Peter, George, 1779-1861","Peter, Armistead, 1840-1902","Peter, Agnes, 1840-1902","Mercereau, John, 1732-1820","Dandridge, Bartholomew, approximately 1774-1802","Stuart, Eleanor Calvert Custis, approximately 1758-1811","Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1757-1834","Madison, James, 1751-1836","Adams, Abigail, 1744-1818","Pinckney, Mary Stead, approximately 1751-1812","Trumbull, Jonathan, 1740-1809","Boudinot, Elias, 1740-1821","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Hamilton, Alexander, 1757-1804","Miller, Samuel, 1769-1850","Knox, Henry, 1750-1806","Varick, Richard, 1753-1831","Sedgwick, Theodore, 1746-1813","Rogers, William, 1751-1824","Stuart, Gilbert, 1755-1828","Atherton, Charles H.  (Charles Humphrey), 1773-1853","Lafayette, Georges Washington Louis Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1779-1849","Kemp, James, 1764-1827","Wadsworth, Peleg, 1748-1829","Blair, John D.  (John Durbarrow), 1759-1823","Griffith, William, 1766-1826","Le Mayeur, Jean Pierre","Sinclair, John, Sir, 1754-1835","Rogers, Elizabeth Parke Custis Law, 1797-1822","Bernard, Simon, 1779-1839","Ringgold, Tench","Lovering, William (Architect)","Scott, Gustavus, 1753-1800","Thornton, William, 1759-1828","White, Alexander, 1738-1804","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","Lewis, Lawrence, 1767-1839","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Law, Edmund, 1790-1829","Decatur, Susan Wheeler","Hay, George, 1765-1830","Lee, Henry, 1756-1818","De Kalb, Johann, 1721-1780","Elgar, Joseph","Anderson, James, 1745-1807","Craik, James, 1730-1814","Anderson, John","Stuart, David, 1753-1814","Dearborn, Henry, 1751-1829","Smith, George (Blacksmith)","Lear, Benjamin L. (Benjamin Lincoln), 1792-1832","Peter, George Washington, 1801-1877","Maltitz, Apollonius August von, 1795-1870","Quincy, Josiah, 1772-1864","Stabler, Edward, 1769-1831","Lewis, Lorenzo, 1803-1847","Kennon, Beverley, 1793-1844","Peter, Martha Custis Kennon, 1843-1886","Peter, Walter G.  (Walter Gibson), 1868-1945","Peter, Armistead, 1870-1960","Peter, George Freeland, 1875–1953","Tyler, John, 1790-1862","Peter, Walter Gibson, 1842-1863","Townsend, Justine Van Rensselaer, 1828-1912","Taney, Roger Brooke, 1777-1864","Delaplaine, Joseph, 1777-1824","Bunting, Charles","Key, Philip Barton, 1757-1815","Hanson, Alexander Contee, 1786-1819","Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["12 Linear Feet 46 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["12 Linear Feet 46 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged in the following series and subseries. Within each series, materials are generally separated by format and listed chronologically, with undated materials listed last.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eSeries 1. Papers of George Washington\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eSeries 2. Papers of Tobias Lear\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eSeries 3. Miscellaneous\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eSeries 4. Papers of Martha Washington\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eSeries 5. Papers of Eliza Parke Custis Law\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eSeries 6. Papers of Thomas Law\u003c/emph\u003e: Subseries 6.1. Legal Documents, Subseries 6.2. Correspondence\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eSeries 7. Papers of William Costin\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eSeries 8. Papers of John Law\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eSeries 9. Papers of Lloyd Nicholas Rogers\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eSeries 10. Papers of Edmund Law Rogers\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eSeries 11. Papers of Robert Peter\u003c/emph\u003e: Subseries 11.1. Accounts, Subseries 11.2. Financial Documents, Subseries 11.3. Legal Documents, Subseries 11.4. Land Documents, Subseries 11.5. Estate Documents\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eSeries 12. Papers of Thomas Peter\u003c/emph\u003e: Subseries 12.1. Financial Documents, Subseries 12.2. Land Documents, Subseries 12.3. Estate Documents, Subseries 12.4. Correspondence\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eSeries 13. Papers of Britannia W. Peter Kennon, 1824-1909\u003c/emph\u003e: Subseries 13.1. Financial Documents, Subseries 13.2. Legal Documents, Subseries 13.3. Correspondence\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged in the following series and subseries. Within each series, materials are generally separated by format and listed chronologically, with undated materials listed last.","Series 1. Papers of George Washington\nSeries 2. Papers of Tobias Lear\nSeries 3. Miscellaneous\nSeries 4. Papers of Martha Washington\nSeries 5. Papers of Eliza Parke Custis Law\nSeries 6. Papers of Thomas Law: Subseries 6.1. Legal Documents, Subseries 6.2. Correspondence\nSeries 7. Papers of William Costin\nSeries 8. Papers of John Law\nSeries 9. Papers of Lloyd Nicholas Rogers\nSeries 10. Papers of Edmund Law Rogers\nSeries 11. Papers of Robert Peter: Subseries 11.1. Accounts, Subseries 11.2. Financial Documents, Subseries 11.3. Legal Documents, Subseries 11.4. Land Documents, Subseries 11.5. Estate Documents\nSeries 12. Papers of Thomas Peter: Subseries 12.1. Financial Documents, Subseries 12.2. Land Documents, Subseries 12.3. Estate Documents, Subseries 12.4. Correspondence\nSeries 13. Papers of Britannia W. Peter Kennon, 1824-1909: Subseries 13.1. Financial Documents, Subseries 13.2. Legal Documents, Subseries 13.3. Correspondence"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Peters were a prominent family in Washington, D.C. during the eighteenth and nineteen centuries. Martha Parke Custis, Martha Washington's granddaughter, married into the Peter family in 1795.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eGeorge Washington (1732-1799)\u003c/emph\u003e: George Washington was born on February 22, 1732 at a modest farm in Westmoreland County, Virginia to parents Augustine and Mary Ball Washington. In 1749, George Washington was appointed surveyor for Culpepper County. In 1752, he started his military career in the Virginia militia. During the Revolutionary War he was the Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army and later was elected as the first President of the United States of America. He lived with his wife, Martha Washington, at Mount Vernon, where he passed away December 14, 1799.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eMartha Washington (1731-1802)\u003c/emph\u003e: Martha Dandridge Custis Washington was born on June 2, 1731 to parents John and Frances Jones Dandridge. She married her first husband, Daniel Parke Custis, on May 15, 1750. Together they had four children, two of whom died in childhood. On July 8, 1757, her husband unexpectedly died, leaving her a widow with their two remaining children, John Parke Custis and Martha Parke Custis. On January 6, 1759, Martha Dandridge Custis married George Washington. Martha Parke Custis or Patsy, died at the age of 17. On February 3, 1774, John Parke Custis married Eleanor Calvert, and together they had four children who survived to adulthood. However, on November 5, 1781, John Parke Custis passed away, and the younger two of his children went to live at Mount Vernon with their grandmother. Martha Dandridge Custis Washington died on May 22, 1802.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eTobias Lear (1762-1816)\u003c/emph\u003e: Tobias Lear was born in 1762. He was employed by George Washington in 1786 to manage expense reports to Congress and also as the personal tutor to Martha Washington's grandchildren. In 1790 Tobias Lear married Mary \"Polly\" Long; however she died in 1793. Lear then married Martha Washington's niece, Frances Bassett Washington, but she died shortly they were married. Lear married for a third time to Frances Dandridge Henley, another niece of Martha Washington. He died in 1816.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eElizabeth (Betsy, Beth, Eliza) Parke Custis Law (1776-1831)\u003c/emph\u003e: Wife to Thomas Law, Eliza Parke Custis Law was born on August 21, 1776. She was the daughter of John (Jacky) Parke Custis and Eleanor (Nelly) Calvert. Upon the death of her father in 1781, Eliza's two younger siblings, George Washington (Washy) Parke Custis and Eleanor (Nelly) Parke Custis went to live with their grandmother, Martha Washington, and her second husband, George Washington. Eliza and her other sister Martha stayed at home with their mother. Shortly after, their mother remarried Dr. David Stuart and had thirteen more children. On March 21, 1796, Eliza Parke Custis Law married Thomas Law and together they had one child, Eliza Law. In 1804, the couple separated and their daughter went to live with her father. They officially divorced in 1811. Eliza Parke Custis Law lived with one of her uncles for a time after the separation, and soon purchased a house in Alexandria called \"Mount Washington.\" Eliza Law Rogers died in 1822, leaving behind a husband (Lloyd Nicholas Rogers) and two children. Eliza Parke Custis Law died on December 31, 1831.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThomas Law (1756-1834)\u003c/emph\u003e: Thomas Law was born on October 23, 1756 in Cambridge, England. He started his career working for the East India Trading Company and began building his reputation, as well as his income. In 1794, he left England to start a new life in America where he began to invest in lands, particularly in the nation's capital. Over time, Law became extremely passionate about the arts, particularly poetry, which he wrote and published. He even founded the first dance society, theater, and the Columbian Institute for the Promotion of Arts and Sciences. Thomas Law married Eliza Parke Custis on March 21, 1796. Together they had one child, Eliza Law, who married Lloyd Nicholls Rogers in 1817. Thomas Law died in 1834.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eWilliam Costin (1780-1842)\u003c/emph\u003e: William Costin was a prominent free black man in early 19th-century Washington DC. He was a messenger for the Bank of Washington and ran a hack business in the city. In 1800, he married his cousin Philadelphia (\"Delphy\"), a dower slave of Martha Washington. Upon Martha Washington's death in 1802, Delphy became the property of Eliza Parke Custis Law, wife to Thomas Law. Delphy and their children were granted freedom shortly after, and the couple decided to stay in Washington, D.C. Together the Costins had seven children. He died in 1842.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eJohn Law (1784-1822)\u003c/emph\u003e: John Law was born in India about 1784 to Thomas Law and an unidentified Indian woman. In 1794 Thomas Law came to America after living about two decades in India; presumably John and his brothers came with him. Thomas Law married Eliza Parke Custis in 1796 and raised the boys until their separation around 1804. John Law graduated from Harvard University in 1804; he was a member of the Columbian Dragoons in 1811; and was the commissioner to adjust the Yazoo claims in 1814. He died on October 4, 1822.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eLloyd Nicholas Rogers (1787 or 1788-1860)\u003c/emph\u003e: Lloyd Nicholas Rogers was born on September 20, 1788 to parents Nicholas and Eleanor Buchanan Rogers. Lloyd Nicholas Rogers married Eliza Law Rogers in 1817. Together they had two children, Edmund Law Rogers and Eleanor Agnes Rogers. They lived on Druid Hill which had been passed down by Lloyd's Scottish father. Very shortly after the death of Lloyd's father in 1822, Eliza also died. In 1829, Rogers was married to Hortensia Monroe Hay who was the granddaughter of James Monroe. Together, they had an additional three daughters, Harriet, Hortensia, and Mary Custis. Lloyd was a proprietor of his estate and practiced law out of his home on Druid Hill. Hortensia died in the 1850s, leaving Lloyd all alone. All of his children except for Eleanor had already married and moved out. Eleanor would not marry until 1862, following her father's death. Lloyd Nicholas Rogers died on November 12, 1860.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eEdmund Law Rogers (1818-1896)\u003c/emph\u003e: Edmund Law Rogers was born in 1818 to Lloyd Nicholas Rogers and Eliza Law Rogers. He grew up and lived in Baltimore all of his life, and was a founding member of the Maryland and Harvard Club, as well as a member of various other organizations, such as, the Sons of the Revolution and the Baltimore Historical Society. He spoke several different languages and was a lover of the arts. He married Charlotte Matilda Plater and together they had two children, Edmund Law Rogers, Jr., and Charlotte Plater Rogers. He died of paralysis on January 24, 1896.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eRobert Peter (1726-1806)\u003c/emph\u003e: Robert Peter was born in 1726 in Scotland to Thomas Peter and Jean Dunlop, who were prosperous merchants. He immigrated to the United States around 1745, but there is no definite reason why he chose to leave. He first settled in the town, Bladensburg, along the Anacostia River. In 1751, Georgetown was established, and Robert purchased a lot in the town the following year, and slowly began to build up his land holdings. His land holdings grew to be quite extensive, including owning the entire square from M, K, and 31st Streets, and Wisconsin Ave. From 1789 to 1798, Robert Peter was the first mayor of Georgetown. On December 27, 1767, he married Elizabeth Scott, and together they had 10 children, one of whom died as an infant. Their names were: Thomas, Alexander, Elizabeth, Walter, Robert, Jean, Margaret, David, George, and James. He died in 1806.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThomas Peter (1769-1834)\u003c/emph\u003e: Thomas Peter was born January 4, 1769 to Robert and Elizabeth Scott Peter. Thomas Peter married Martha Parke Custis, granddaughter to Martha Washington, in 1795. Together, they had eight children. Martha Eliza Eleanor, Columbia Washington, John Parke Custis, Robert Thomas, George Washington, America Pinckney, Martha Custis Castania (who died young), and Britannia Wellington. In 1805, Thomas and Martha purchased eight-and-a-half acres in \"Georgetown Heights.\" [For more information on Tudor Place, see Tudor Place: Historic House and Gardens.] They later hired architect Dr. William Thornton to design and build Tudor Place located in Georgetown. It was completed in 1816 and still stands today. Thomas Peter was a prominent lawyer of the time and was one of the executors of Martha Washington's will. He died April 16, 1834.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eMartha (Patty) Parke Custis Peter (1777-1854)\u003c/emph\u003e: was born to John Parke Custis and Eleanor (Nelly) Calvert Custis on December 31, 1777. She was one of four children in their family to survive to adulthood: Eliza Parke, Martha Parke, Eleanor Parke (Nelly), and George Washington (Washy) Parke. Following the death of their father in 1781, Patty and her older sister, Eliza, lived with their mother and stepfather, Dr. David Stuart, and their large family, while their younger siblings, Nelly and Washy, lived with their grandparents at Mount Vernon. There were frequent visits to Mount Vernon in both childhood and following her marriage to Thomas Peter in 1795. She died July 13 or 15, 1854.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eBritannia Wellington Peter Kennon (1815-1911)\u003c/emph\u003e: Britannia Wellington Peter was born January 28, 1815, as the youngest child of Martha Parke (Patty) Custis Peter and Thomas Peter. In 1842, she married Commodore Beverley Kennon, and together they had one child, Martha Custis Kennon, on October 18, 1843. Commodore Kennon died from a gun explosion on the frigate Princeton on February 28, 1844. Martha Custis Kennon married Dr. Armistead Peter in 1867. When Britannia Wellington Peter Kennon's mother passed in 1854, she inherited Tudor Place, where she lived until her death in 1911.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eMajor George Peter (1779-1861)\u003c/emph\u003e: Major George W. Peter was born on September 28, 1779 to Robert and Elizabeth Scott Peter. He was married three times during his life. First, to Ann Plater in 1809. Together they had two children, George and Thomas. His wife and two children all died in 1814. Secondly, in 1815 he married Agnes Buchanon Freeland. They had five children, Robert, Ann, James, Agnes, and David. Agnes, his wife, died in 1825. Only a month later, he again married, this time to Sarah Norfleet Freeland, the sister of his second wife. Together, they had nine children: Sarah Agnes, George, Alexander Scott, Margaret Dick, Elizabeth, Armistead, Walter Gibson, William, and Katherine Norfleet. Major George Peter was an officer in the army, a representative in Congress, and a farmer. During his career in the army, he was first appointed first lieutenant 2nd, Artillery and Engineers on February 16, 1801. He was promoted to Captain on November 3, 1807, and finally was transferred to the Light Artillery in May of 1808. He resigned in June 11, 1809. In 1815, he was elected to Congress to cover the sixth district in Maryland. He would continue this appointment until after 1828. He died June 22, 1861.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eDr. Armistead Peter (1840-1902)\u003c/emph\u003e: Dr. Armistead Peter was one of George Peter's sons from his third marriage to Sarah Norfleet Freeland Peter. He was born on February 23, 1840. Dr. Armistead Peter was a cousin to his wife Martha Custis Kennon Peter, whom he married in 1867. Together, Martha and Armistead had five children: Walter Gibson, Armistead, Beverley Kennon, George Freeland, and Agnes. He and Martha Custis Kennon Peter both moved into Tudor Place and Dr. Armistead Peter converted a portion of the house for his medical practice. He created a very successful business as one of the best doctors in the city of Washington. During the Civil War he was employed by the U.S. Army as ward surgeon, as well as serving in a smallpox hospital. Martha Custis Kennon Peter died suddenly in 1886. Armistead died in 1902, his mother-in-law, Britannia W. Peter Kennon outliving both of them. The land in Bethesda was divided between their four children. After Britannia W. Peter Kennon died, the house was left to her grandson, Armistead Peter II. Dr. Armistead Peter died on January 28, 1902.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eAgnes Peter (1880-1957)\u003c/emph\u003e: Agnes Peter, born on February 3, 1880, was the daughter of Dr. Armistead Peter and Martha Custis Kennon Peter. She lived in France for a period of time during WWI conducting work for the YMCA. Agnes Peter was the director of a Foyer du Soldat and helped to receive soldiers and refugees. She was also in charge of the Graves Registration Section in Rheims. She was the first woman in France to be awarded the silver Medal of Honor for her distinguished services to the country during the war. In 1946, when she was 73, she married Nobel Prize winner, Dr. John R. Mott, who is most acclaimed for his work creating international Christian programs with a goal to establish peace. She died in 1957.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Peters were a prominent family in Washington, D.C. during the eighteenth and nineteen centuries. Martha Parke Custis, Martha Washington's granddaughter, married into the Peter family in 1795.","George Washington (1732-1799): George Washington was born on February 22, 1732 at a modest farm in Westmoreland County, Virginia to parents Augustine and Mary Ball Washington. In 1749, George Washington was appointed surveyor for Culpepper County. In 1752, he started his military career in the Virginia militia. During the Revolutionary War he was the Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army and later was elected as the first President of the United States of America. He lived with his wife, Martha Washington, at Mount Vernon, where he passed away December 14, 1799.","Martha Washington (1731-1802): Martha Dandridge Custis Washington was born on June 2, 1731 to parents John and Frances Jones Dandridge. She married her first husband, Daniel Parke Custis, on May 15, 1750. Together they had four children, two of whom died in childhood. On July 8, 1757, her husband unexpectedly died, leaving her a widow with their two remaining children, John Parke Custis and Martha Parke Custis. On January 6, 1759, Martha Dandridge Custis married George Washington. Martha Parke Custis or Patsy, died at the age of 17. On February 3, 1774, John Parke Custis married Eleanor Calvert, and together they had four children who survived to adulthood. However, on November 5, 1781, John Parke Custis passed away, and the younger two of his children went to live at Mount Vernon with their grandmother. Martha Dandridge Custis Washington died on May 22, 1802.","Tobias Lear (1762-1816): Tobias Lear was born in 1762. He was employed by George Washington in 1786 to manage expense reports to Congress and also as the personal tutor to Martha Washington's grandchildren. In 1790 Tobias Lear married Mary \"Polly\" Long; however she died in 1793. Lear then married Martha Washington's niece, Frances Bassett Washington, but she died shortly they were married. Lear married for a third time to Frances Dandridge Henley, another niece of Martha Washington. He died in 1816.","Elizabeth (Betsy, Beth, Eliza) Parke Custis Law (1776-1831): Wife to Thomas Law, Eliza Parke Custis Law was born on August 21, 1776. She was the daughter of John (Jacky) Parke Custis and Eleanor (Nelly) Calvert. Upon the death of her father in 1781, Eliza's two younger siblings, George Washington (Washy) Parke Custis and Eleanor (Nelly) Parke Custis went to live with their grandmother, Martha Washington, and her second husband, George Washington. Eliza and her other sister Martha stayed at home with their mother. Shortly after, their mother remarried Dr. David Stuart and had thirteen more children. On March 21, 1796, Eliza Parke Custis Law married Thomas Law and together they had one child, Eliza Law. In 1804, the couple separated and their daughter went to live with her father. They officially divorced in 1811. Eliza Parke Custis Law lived with one of her uncles for a time after the separation, and soon purchased a house in Alexandria called \"Mount Washington.\" Eliza Law Rogers died in 1822, leaving behind a husband (Lloyd Nicholas Rogers) and two children. Eliza Parke Custis Law died on December 31, 1831.","Thomas Law (1756-1834): Thomas Law was born on October 23, 1756 in Cambridge, England. He started his career working for the East India Trading Company and began building his reputation, as well as his income. In 1794, he left England to start a new life in America where he began to invest in lands, particularly in the nation's capital. Over time, Law became extremely passionate about the arts, particularly poetry, which he wrote and published. He even founded the first dance society, theater, and the Columbian Institute for the Promotion of Arts and Sciences. Thomas Law married Eliza Parke Custis on March 21, 1796. Together they had one child, Eliza Law, who married Lloyd Nicholls Rogers in 1817. Thomas Law died in 1834.","William Costin (1780-1842): William Costin was a prominent free black man in early 19th-century Washington DC. He was a messenger for the Bank of Washington and ran a hack business in the city. In 1800, he married his cousin Philadelphia (\"Delphy\"), a dower slave of Martha Washington. Upon Martha Washington's death in 1802, Delphy became the property of Eliza Parke Custis Law, wife to Thomas Law. Delphy and their children were granted freedom shortly after, and the couple decided to stay in Washington, D.C. Together the Costins had seven children. He died in 1842.","John Law (1784-1822): John Law was born in India about 1784 to Thomas Law and an unidentified Indian woman. In 1794 Thomas Law came to America after living about two decades in India; presumably John and his brothers came with him. Thomas Law married Eliza Parke Custis in 1796 and raised the boys until their separation around 1804. John Law graduated from Harvard University in 1804; he was a member of the Columbian Dragoons in 1811; and was the commissioner to adjust the Yazoo claims in 1814. He died on October 4, 1822.","Lloyd Nicholas Rogers (1787 or 1788-1860): Lloyd Nicholas Rogers was born on September 20, 1788 to parents Nicholas and Eleanor Buchanan Rogers. Lloyd Nicholas Rogers married Eliza Law Rogers in 1817. Together they had two children, Edmund Law Rogers and Eleanor Agnes Rogers. They lived on Druid Hill which had been passed down by Lloyd's Scottish father. Very shortly after the death of Lloyd's father in 1822, Eliza also died. In 1829, Rogers was married to Hortensia Monroe Hay who was the granddaughter of James Monroe. Together, they had an additional three daughters, Harriet, Hortensia, and Mary Custis. Lloyd was a proprietor of his estate and practiced law out of his home on Druid Hill. Hortensia died in the 1850s, leaving Lloyd all alone. All of his children except for Eleanor had already married and moved out. Eleanor would not marry until 1862, following her father's death. Lloyd Nicholas Rogers died on November 12, 1860.","Edmund Law Rogers (1818-1896): Edmund Law Rogers was born in 1818 to Lloyd Nicholas Rogers and Eliza Law Rogers. He grew up and lived in Baltimore all of his life, and was a founding member of the Maryland and Harvard Club, as well as a member of various other organizations, such as, the Sons of the Revolution and the Baltimore Historical Society. He spoke several different languages and was a lover of the arts. He married Charlotte Matilda Plater and together they had two children, Edmund Law Rogers, Jr., and Charlotte Plater Rogers. He died of paralysis on January 24, 1896.","Robert Peter (1726-1806): Robert Peter was born in 1726 in Scotland to Thomas Peter and Jean Dunlop, who were prosperous merchants. He immigrated to the United States around 1745, but there is no definite reason why he chose to leave. He first settled in the town, Bladensburg, along the Anacostia River. In 1751, Georgetown was established, and Robert purchased a lot in the town the following year, and slowly began to build up his land holdings. His land holdings grew to be quite extensive, including owning the entire square from M, K, and 31st Streets, and Wisconsin Ave. From 1789 to 1798, Robert Peter was the first mayor of Georgetown. On December 27, 1767, he married Elizabeth Scott, and together they had 10 children, one of whom died as an infant. Their names were: Thomas, Alexander, Elizabeth, Walter, Robert, Jean, Margaret, David, George, and James. He died in 1806.","Thomas Peter (1769-1834): Thomas Peter was born January 4, 1769 to Robert and Elizabeth Scott Peter. Thomas Peter married Martha Parke Custis, granddaughter to Martha Washington, in 1795. Together, they had eight children. Martha Eliza Eleanor, Columbia Washington, John Parke Custis, Robert Thomas, George Washington, America Pinckney, Martha Custis Castania (who died young), and Britannia Wellington. In 1805, Thomas and Martha purchased eight-and-a-half acres in \"Georgetown Heights.\" [For more information on Tudor Place, see Tudor Place: Historic House and Gardens.] They later hired architect Dr. William Thornton to design and build Tudor Place located in Georgetown. It was completed in 1816 and still stands today. Thomas Peter was a prominent lawyer of the time and was one of the executors of Martha Washington's will. He died April 16, 1834.","Martha (Patty) Parke Custis Peter (1777-1854): was born to John Parke Custis and Eleanor (Nelly) Calvert Custis on December 31, 1777. She was one of four children in their family to survive to adulthood: Eliza Parke, Martha Parke, Eleanor Parke (Nelly), and George Washington (Washy) Parke. Following the death of their father in 1781, Patty and her older sister, Eliza, lived with their mother and stepfather, Dr. David Stuart, and their large family, while their younger siblings, Nelly and Washy, lived with their grandparents at Mount Vernon. There were frequent visits to Mount Vernon in both childhood and following her marriage to Thomas Peter in 1795. She died July 13 or 15, 1854.","Britannia Wellington Peter Kennon (1815-1911): Britannia Wellington Peter was born January 28, 1815, as the youngest child of Martha Parke (Patty) Custis Peter and Thomas Peter. In 1842, she married Commodore Beverley Kennon, and together they had one child, Martha Custis Kennon, on October 18, 1843. Commodore Kennon died from a gun explosion on the frigate Princeton on February 28, 1844. Martha Custis Kennon married Dr. Armistead Peter in 1867. When Britannia Wellington Peter Kennon's mother passed in 1854, she inherited Tudor Place, where she lived until her death in 1911.","Major George Peter (1779-1861): Major George W. Peter was born on September 28, 1779 to Robert and Elizabeth Scott Peter. He was married three times during his life. First, to Ann Plater in 1809. Together they had two children, George and Thomas. His wife and two children all died in 1814. Secondly, in 1815 he married Agnes Buchanon Freeland. They had five children, Robert, Ann, James, Agnes, and David. Agnes, his wife, died in 1825. Only a month later, he again married, this time to Sarah Norfleet Freeland, the sister of his second wife. Together, they had nine children: Sarah Agnes, George, Alexander Scott, Margaret Dick, Elizabeth, Armistead, Walter Gibson, William, and Katherine Norfleet. Major George Peter was an officer in the army, a representative in Congress, and a farmer. During his career in the army, he was first appointed first lieutenant 2nd, Artillery and Engineers on February 16, 1801. He was promoted to Captain on November 3, 1807, and finally was transferred to the Light Artillery in May of 1808. He resigned in June 11, 1809. In 1815, he was elected to Congress to cover the sixth district in Maryland. He would continue this appointment until after 1828. He died June 22, 1861.","Dr. Armistead Peter (1840-1902): Dr. Armistead Peter was one of George Peter's sons from his third marriage to Sarah Norfleet Freeland Peter. He was born on February 23, 1840. Dr. Armistead Peter was a cousin to his wife Martha Custis Kennon Peter, whom he married in 1867. Together, Martha and Armistead had five children: Walter Gibson, Armistead, Beverley Kennon, George Freeland, and Agnes. He and Martha Custis Kennon Peter both moved into Tudor Place and Dr. Armistead Peter converted a portion of the house for his medical practice. He created a very successful business as one of the best doctors in the city of Washington. During the Civil War he was employed by the U.S. Army as ward surgeon, as well as serving in a smallpox hospital. Martha Custis Kennon Peter died suddenly in 1886. Armistead died in 1902, his mother-in-law, Britannia W. Peter Kennon outliving both of them. The land in Bethesda was divided between their four children. After Britannia W. Peter Kennon died, the house was left to her grandson, Armistead Peter II. Dr. Armistead Peter died on January 28, 1902.","Agnes Peter (1880-1957): Agnes Peter, born on February 3, 1880, was the daughter of Dr. Armistead Peter and Martha Custis Kennon Peter. She lived in France for a period of time during WWI conducting work for the YMCA. Agnes Peter was the director of a Foyer du Soldat and helped to receive soldiers and refugees. She was also in charge of the Graves Registration Section in Rheims. She was the first woman in France to be awarded the silver Medal of Honor for her distinguished services to the country during the war. In 1946, when she was 73, she married Nobel Prize winner, Dr. John R. Mott, who is most acclaimed for his work creating international Christian programs with a goal to establish peace. She died in 1957."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], Peter Family papers, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Name and date of item], Peter Family papers, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePeter family owned books are cataloged in the Library Catalog. The 23 titles (36 volumes) are searchable in the\n\u003ca href=\"https://mountvernonlibrary.on.worldcat.org/search?queryString=%2A\u0026amp;clusterResults=false\u0026amp;groupVariantRecords=false\u0026amp;subscope=wz%3A46368%3A%3Azs%3A39386\u0026amp;changedFacet=scope\"\u003ethe Catalog's Peter Family Collection\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Peter family owned books are cataloged in the Library Catalog. The 23 titles (36 volumes) are searchable in the\nthe Catalog's Peter Family Collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of papers collected by various members of the Peter families. It includes letters from George Washington, letters of condolence to Martha Washington after George Washington's death, estate documents, Major George Peter's military papers, land plats and surveys, photo albums, letterbooks, and notebooks that tell of the life of this prominent family in Virginia and the City of Washington.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of papers collected by various members of the Peter families. It includes letters from George Washington, letters of condolence to Martha Washington after George Washington's death, estate documents, Major George Peter's military papers, land plats and surveys, photo albums, letterbooks, and notebooks that tell of the life of this prominent family in Virginia and the City of Washington."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"persname_ssim":["Washington, George, 1732-1799","Lear, Tobias, 1762-1816","Washington, Martha, 1731-1802","Law, Elizabeth Parke Custis, 1776-1831","Law, Thomas, 1756-1834","Costin, William, 1780?-1842","Law, John, 1784?-1822","Rogers, Lloyd Nicholas, approximately 1788-1860","Rogers, Edmund Law","Peter, Robert, 1726-1806","Peter, Thomas, 1769-1834","Peter, Martha Parke Custis, 1777-1854","Kennon, Britannia Wellington Peter, 1815-1911","Peter, George, 1779-1861","Peter, Armistead, 1840-1902","Peter, Agnes, 1840-1902","Mercereau, John, 1732-1820","Dandridge, Bartholomew, approximately 1774-1802","Stuart, Eleanor Calvert Custis, approximately 1758-1811","Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1757-1834","Madison, James, 1751-1836","Adams, Abigail, 1744-1818","Pinckney, Mary Stead, approximately 1751-1812","Trumbull, Jonathan, 1740-1809","Boudinot, Elias, 1740-1821","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Hamilton, Alexander, 1757-1804","Miller, Samuel, 1769-1850","Knox, Henry, 1750-1806","Varick, Richard, 1753-1831","Sedgwick, Theodore, 1746-1813","Rogers, William, 1751-1824","Stuart, Gilbert, 1755-1828","Atherton, Charles H.  (Charles Humphrey), 1773-1853","Lafayette, Georges Washington Louis Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1779-1849","Kemp, James, 1764-1827","Wadsworth, Peleg, 1748-1829","Blair, John D.  (John Durbarrow), 1759-1823","Griffith, William, 1766-1826","Le Mayeur, Jean Pierre","Sinclair, John, Sir, 1754-1835","Rogers, Elizabeth Parke Custis Law, 1797-1822","Bernard, Simon, 1779-1839","Ringgold, Tench","Lovering, William (Architect)","Scott, Gustavus, 1753-1800","Thornton, William, 1759-1828","White, Alexander, 1738-1804","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","Lewis, Lawrence, 1767-1839","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Law, Edmund, 1790-1829","Decatur, Susan Wheeler","Hay, George, 1765-1830","Lee, Henry, 1756-1818","De Kalb, Johann, 1721-1780","Elgar, Joseph","Anderson, James, 1745-1807","Craik, James, 1730-1814","Anderson, John","Stuart, David, 1753-1814","Dearborn, Henry, 1751-1829","Smith, George (Blacksmith)","Lear, Benjamin L. (Benjamin Lincoln), 1792-1832","Peter, George Washington, 1801-1877","Maltitz, Apollonius August von, 1795-1870","Quincy, Josiah, 1772-1864","Stabler, Edward, 1769-1831","Lewis, Lorenzo, 1803-1847","Kennon, Beverley, 1793-1844","Peter, Martha Custis Kennon, 1843-1886","Peter, Walter G.  (Walter Gibson), 1868-1945","Peter, Armistead, 1870-1960","Peter, George Freeland, 1875–1953","Tyler, John, 1790-1862","Peter, Walter Gibson, 1842-1863","Townsend, Justine Van Rensselaer, 1828-1912","Taney, Roger Brooke, 1777-1864","Delaplaine, Joseph, 1777-1824","Bunting, Charles","Key, Philip Barton, 1757-1815","Hanson, Alexander Contee, 1786-1819"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Lear, Tobias, 1762-1816","Washington, Martha, 1731-1802","Law, Elizabeth Parke Custis, 1776-1831","Law, Thomas, 1756-1834","Costin, William, 1780?-1842","Law, John, 1784?-1822","Rogers, Lloyd Nicholas, approximately 1788-1860","Rogers, Edmund Law","Peter, Robert, 1726-1806","Peter, Thomas, 1769-1834","Peter, Martha Parke Custis, 1777-1854","Kennon, Britannia Wellington Peter, 1815-1911","Peter, George, 1779-1861","Peter, Armistead, 1840-1902","Peter, Agnes, 1840-1902","Mercereau, John, 1732-1820","Dandridge, Bartholomew, approximately 1774-1802","Stuart, Eleanor Calvert Custis, approximately 1758-1811","Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1757-1834","Madison, James, 1751-1836","Adams, Abigail, 1744-1818","Pinckney, Mary Stead, approximately 1751-1812","Trumbull, Jonathan, 1740-1809","Boudinot, Elias, 1740-1821","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Hamilton, Alexander, 1757-1804","Miller, Samuel, 1769-1850","Knox, Henry, 1750-1806","Varick, Richard, 1753-1831","Sedgwick, Theodore, 1746-1813","Rogers, William, 1751-1824","Stuart, Gilbert, 1755-1828","Atherton, Charles H.  (Charles Humphrey), 1773-1853","Lafayette, Georges Washington Louis Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1779-1849","Kemp, James, 1764-1827","Wadsworth, Peleg, 1748-1829","Blair, John D.  (John Durbarrow), 1759-1823","Griffith, William, 1766-1826","Le Mayeur, Jean Pierre","Sinclair, John, Sir, 1754-1835","Rogers, Elizabeth Parke Custis Law, 1797-1822","Bernard, Simon, 1779-1839","Ringgold, Tench","Lovering, William (Architect)","Scott, Gustavus, 1753-1800","Thornton, William, 1759-1828","White, Alexander, 1738-1804","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","Lewis, Lawrence, 1767-1839","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Law, Edmund, 1790-1829","Decatur, Susan Wheeler","Hay, George, 1765-1830","Lee, Henry, 1756-1818","De Kalb, Johann, 1721-1780","Elgar, Joseph","Anderson, James, 1745-1807","Craik, James, 1730-1814","Anderson, John","Stuart, David, 1753-1814","Dearborn, Henry, 1751-1829","Smith, George (Blacksmith)","Lear, Benjamin L. (Benjamin Lincoln), 1792-1832","Peter, George Washington, 1801-1877","Maltitz, Apollonius August von, 1795-1870","Quincy, Josiah, 1772-1864","Stabler, Edward, 1769-1831","Lewis, Lorenzo, 1803-1847","Kennon, Beverley, 1793-1844","Peter, Martha Custis Kennon, 1843-1886","Peter, Walter G.  (Walter Gibson), 1868-1945","Peter, Armistead, 1870-1960","Peter, George Freeland, 1875–1953","Tyler, John, 1790-1862","Peter, Walter Gibson, 1842-1863","Townsend, Justine Van Rensselaer, 1828-1912","Taney, Roger Brooke, 1777-1864","Delaplaine, Joseph, 1777-1824","Bunting, Charles","Key, Philip Barton, 1757-1815","Hanson, Alexander Contee, 1786-1819"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":845,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:38:57.095Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_40_c02_c05"}},{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_39_c202","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Supplement to the Daily Times, New York, NY, 1857","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_39_c202#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_39_c202","ref_ssm":["vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_39_c202"],"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_39_c202","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_39","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_39","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_39","parent_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_39","parent_ssim":["Historic newspapers collection, 1757/1957"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_39"],"title_filing_ssi":"Supplement to the Daily Times, New York, NY","title_ssm":["Supplement to the Daily Times, New York, NY"],"title_tesim":["Supplement to the Daily Times, New York, NY"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Supplement to the Daily Times, New York, NY, 1857"],"text":["Supplement to the Daily Times, New York, NY, 1857","Historic newspapers collection, 1757/1957","box 19","English."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Historic newspapers collection, 1757/1957"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Historic newspapers collection, 1757/1957"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1857"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1857"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":1207,"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"collection_ssim":["Historic newspapers collection, 1757/1957"],"containers_ssim":["box 19"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":1,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"language_ssim":["English."],"date_range_isim":[1857],"_nest_path_":"/components#201","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:38:57.095Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_39","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_39","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_39","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_39","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_3_resources_39.xml","title_ssm":["Historic newspapers collection"],"title_tesim":["Historic newspapers collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1757-1957"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1757-1957"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1757/1957"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Historic newspapers collection, 1757/1957"],"text":["Historic newspapers collection, 1757/1957","SC.NEWS","/repositories/3/resources/39","This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.","The collection is organized alphabetically by title, then in chronological date. Unidentified newsclippings are listed at the end.","The large majority of these newspapers originate from the 13 colonies; notable newspapers include:","Columbian Centinel, Boston, MA.\nBenjamin Russell commenced publication on March 24, 1804 but resigned as editor in 1828. Semi-weekly publication continued until May 23, 1840, when it merged with other Boston papers and eventually became the Boston Herald.","National Intelligencer, Washington, DC.\nSamuel Harrison Smith founded the National Intelligencer in 1800 as a weekly publication. Joseph Gales, the sole reporter for the U.S. Senate at the time, was hired in 1807 as reporter and became sole proprietor in 1810. In 1813, Gales took his brother-in-law, William Winston Seaton, as partner and reporter for the U.S. House of Representatives. Daily publication began in 1813, except for August 24-30, 1814, during the British army occupation. Gales and Seaton were selected as official reporters of Congress from 1819 to 1829 and published the \"Annals of Congress, 1798-1824,\" and \"Register of Debates, 1824-1837,\" the record of Congressional\ndebates of the time. Gales died in 1860, and Seaton retired in 1864. Final publication in Washington was on January 10, 1870; thereafter, weekly publication began in New York but ended in 1872.","Pennsylvania Packet/American Daily Advertiser, Philadelphia, PA.\nJohn Dunlap started weekly publication of the Pennsylvania Packet and the General Advertiser on October 28, 1771. Beginning September 21, 1784, the name was changed to Pennsylvania Packet and Daily Advertiser, reflecting the change to a daily publication. The name was then changed to Dunlap's American Daily Advertiser in 1791, Dunlap and Claypoole's American Daily Advertiser in 1793, and finally to Claypoole's American Daily Advertiser in 1796. However, in 1839, it was sold to Zachariah Poulson, who re-named it Poulson's American Daily Advertiser and continued publication until 1839, when he sold it to the founders of the North American, a predecessor of the Philadelphia Inquirer.","Pennsylvania Gazette, Philadelphia, PA.\nSamuel Keimer first published the Pennsylvania Gazette weekly beginning in 1728 and sold it to Benjamin Franklin and Hugh Meredith in 1729. Franklin dominated the partnership and by 1732 had purchased complete ownership. In 1743, Franklin invited David Hall of Scotland to join his as a printer and took him as a partner in 1848. In 1766, Franklin sold the firm to Hall, who formed a new firm, Hall and Sellers, with a journeyman printer, William Sellers. Hall died in 1772, and was succeeded by his sons, William and David, Jr. Publication was suspended from November, 1776 to February, 1777, when British invasion threatened, and from September, 1777 until January 1779, due to British occupation. Upon resumption of publication in 1779, the title was changed to Pennsylvania Gazette and Weekly Advertiser. Sellers died in 1804, and publication passed to William Hall, Jr., who took Samuel C. Atkinson as partner in 1816. In May, 1821, Hall died and Atkinson continued publication, in September, 1821, changing the name to Saturday Evening Post and the character of the publication to more general and domestic interest.","The collection includes 185 titles spanning 200 years; all related to George Washington, his family, and Mount Vernon.","Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Society of the Cincinnati","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Fairfax, William, 1691?-1757","Fairfax, George William, 1724-1787","Law, Thomas, 1756-1834","Law, Elizabeth Parke Custis, 1776-1831","Claypoole, David C., 1757?-1849","Thomas, Isaiah, 1749-1831","Mercein, William A., -1850","Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1757-1834","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Anderson, James, 1745-1807","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Historic newspapers collection, 1757/1957"],"collection_ssim":["Historic newspapers collection, 1757/1957"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC.NEWS","/repositories/3/resources/39"],"unitid_tesim":["SC.NEWS","/repositories/3/resources/39"],"repository_ssm":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Washington, George, 1732-1799","Fairfax, William, 1691?-1757","Fairfax, George William, 1724-1787","Law, Thomas, 1756-1834","Law, Elizabeth Parke Custis, 1776-1831","Claypoole, David C., 1757?-1849","Thomas, Isaiah, 1749-1831","Mercein, William A., -1850","Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1757-1834","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Anderson, James, 1745-1807"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Society of the Cincinnati"],"creators_ssim":["Washington, George, 1732-1799","Fairfax, William, 1691?-1757","Fairfax, George William, 1724-1787","Law, Thomas, 1756-1834","Law, Elizabeth Parke Custis, 1776-1831","Claypoole, David C., 1757?-1849","Thomas, Isaiah, 1749-1831","Mercein, William A., -1850","Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1757-1834","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Anderson, James, 1745-1807","Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Society of the Cincinnati"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3.75 Linear Feet 15 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["3.75 Linear Feet 15 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized alphabetically by title, then in chronological date. Unidentified newsclippings are listed at the end.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized alphabetically by title, then in chronological date. Unidentified newsclippings are listed at the end."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe large majority of these newspapers originate from the 13 colonies; notable newspapers include:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph\u003eColumbian Centinel, Boston, MA.\u003c/emph\u003e\nBenjamin Russell commenced publication on March 24, 1804 but resigned as editor in 1828. Semi-weekly publication continued until May 23, 1840, when it merged with other Boston papers and eventually became the \u003cemph\u003eBoston Herald\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph\u003eNational Intelligencer, Washington, DC.\u003c/emph\u003e\nSamuel Harrison Smith founded the \u003cemph\u003eNational Intelligencer\u003c/emph\u003e in 1800 as a weekly publication. Joseph Gales, the sole reporter for the U.S. Senate at the time, was hired in 1807 as reporter and became sole proprietor in 1810. In 1813, Gales took his brother-in-law, William Winston Seaton, as partner and reporter for the U.S. House of Representatives. Daily publication began in 1813, except for August 24-30, 1814, during the British army occupation. Gales and Seaton were selected as official reporters of Congress from 1819 to 1829 and published the \"Annals of Congress, 1798-1824,\" and \"Register of Debates, 1824-1837,\" the record of Congressional\ndebates of the time. Gales died in 1860, and Seaton retired in 1864. Final publication in Washington was on January 10, 1870; thereafter, weekly publication began in New York but ended in 1872.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph\u003ePennsylvania Packet/American Daily Advertiser, Philadelphia, PA.\u003c/emph\u003e\nJohn Dunlap started weekly publication of the \u003cemph\u003ePennsylvania Packet\u003c/emph\u003e and the \u003cemph\u003eGeneral Advertiser\u003c/emph\u003e on October 28, 1771. Beginning September 21, 1784, the name was changed to \u003cemph\u003ePennsylvania Packet and Daily Advertiser\u003c/emph\u003e, reflecting the change to a daily publication. The name was then changed to \u003cemph\u003eDunlap's American Daily Advertiser\u003c/emph\u003e in 1791, \u003cemph\u003eDunlap and Claypoole's American Daily Advertiser \u003c/emph\u003ein 1793, and finally to \u003cemph\u003eClaypoole's American Daily Advertiser\u003c/emph\u003e in 1796. However, in 1839, it was sold to Zachariah Poulson, who re-named it \u003cemph\u003ePoulson's American Daily Advertiser\u003c/emph\u003e and continued publication until 1839, when he sold it to the founders of the North American, a predecessor of the \u003cemph\u003ePhiladelphia Inquirer\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph\u003ePennsylvania Gazette, Philadelphia, PA.\u003c/emph\u003e\nSamuel Keimer first published the Pennsylvania Gazette weekly beginning in 1728 and sold it to Benjamin Franklin and Hugh Meredith in 1729. Franklin dominated the partnership and by 1732 had purchased complete ownership. In 1743, Franklin invited David Hall of Scotland to join his as a printer and took him as a partner in 1848. In 1766, Franklin sold the firm to Hall, who formed a new firm, Hall and Sellers, with a journeyman printer, William Sellers. Hall died in 1772, and was succeeded by his sons, William and David, Jr. Publication was suspended from November, 1776 to February, 1777, when British invasion threatened, and from September, 1777 until January 1779, due to British occupation. Upon resumption of publication in 1779, the title was changed to Pennsylvania Gazette and Weekly Advertiser. Sellers died in 1804, and publication passed to William Hall, Jr., who took Samuel C. Atkinson as partner in 1816. In May, 1821, Hall died and Atkinson continued publication, in September, 1821, changing the name to Saturday Evening Post and the character of the publication to more general and domestic interest.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The large majority of these newspapers originate from the 13 colonies; notable newspapers include:","Columbian Centinel, Boston, MA.\nBenjamin Russell commenced publication on March 24, 1804 but resigned as editor in 1828. Semi-weekly publication continued until May 23, 1840, when it merged with other Boston papers and eventually became the Boston Herald.","National Intelligencer, Washington, DC.\nSamuel Harrison Smith founded the National Intelligencer in 1800 as a weekly publication. Joseph Gales, the sole reporter for the U.S. Senate at the time, was hired in 1807 as reporter and became sole proprietor in 1810. In 1813, Gales took his brother-in-law, William Winston Seaton, as partner and reporter for the U.S. House of Representatives. Daily publication began in 1813, except for August 24-30, 1814, during the British army occupation. Gales and Seaton were selected as official reporters of Congress from 1819 to 1829 and published the \"Annals of Congress, 1798-1824,\" and \"Register of Debates, 1824-1837,\" the record of Congressional\ndebates of the time. Gales died in 1860, and Seaton retired in 1864. Final publication in Washington was on January 10, 1870; thereafter, weekly publication began in New York but ended in 1872.","Pennsylvania Packet/American Daily Advertiser, Philadelphia, PA.\nJohn Dunlap started weekly publication of the Pennsylvania Packet and the General Advertiser on October 28, 1771. Beginning September 21, 1784, the name was changed to Pennsylvania Packet and Daily Advertiser, reflecting the change to a daily publication. The name was then changed to Dunlap's American Daily Advertiser in 1791, Dunlap and Claypoole's American Daily Advertiser in 1793, and finally to Claypoole's American Daily Advertiser in 1796. However, in 1839, it was sold to Zachariah Poulson, who re-named it Poulson's American Daily Advertiser and continued publication until 1839, when he sold it to the founders of the North American, a predecessor of the Philadelphia Inquirer.","Pennsylvania Gazette, Philadelphia, PA.\nSamuel Keimer first published the Pennsylvania Gazette weekly beginning in 1728 and sold it to Benjamin Franklin and Hugh Meredith in 1729. Franklin dominated the partnership and by 1732 had purchased complete ownership. In 1743, Franklin invited David Hall of Scotland to join his as a printer and took him as a partner in 1848. In 1766, Franklin sold the firm to Hall, who formed a new firm, Hall and Sellers, with a journeyman printer, William Sellers. Hall died in 1772, and was succeeded by his sons, William and David, Jr. Publication was suspended from November, 1776 to February, 1777, when British invasion threatened, and from September, 1777 until January 1779, due to British occupation. Upon resumption of publication in 1779, the title was changed to Pennsylvania Gazette and Weekly Advertiser. Sellers died in 1804, and publication passed to William Hall, Jr., who took Samuel C. Atkinson as partner in 1816. In May, 1821, Hall died and Atkinson continued publication, in September, 1821, changing the name to Saturday Evening Post and the character of the publication to more general and domestic interest."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], Historic newspaper collection, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Name and date of item], Historic newspaper collection, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes 185 titles spanning 200 years; all related to George Washington, his family, and Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes 185 titles spanning 200 years; all related 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Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1757-1834","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Anderson, James, 1745-1807"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1313,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:38:57.095Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_39_c202"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Alexandria Library","value":"Alexandria Library","hits":45},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1857\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Alexandria+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"College of William and Mary","value":"College of William and 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