{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1851\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=American+Colonization+Society\u0026view=list","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1851\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=American+Colonization+Society\u0026page=1\u0026view=list"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":5,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1598","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Charles H. Lloyd to Samuel Breese Letter, 1851","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1598#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection features a single letter written by Charles H. Lloyd, addressed to his uncle, Samuel Breese of Oneida, New York. Lloyd writes from Harrisonburg, Virginia, asking his uncle for funds to return to New York as he cannot find other employment. He writes, \" I am situated so that I cannot move at all. I have tried to get a situation here in place... but unsuccessfully and all because I am not a good writer \u0026amp; bookkeeper. I feel very anxious indeed to get back to New York but Mr. Bailey has no money to pay my expenses back and can not let me have it for 6 or 8 weeks.\" Rufus W. Bailey, a Virginia American Colonization Society Agent, employed Lloyd. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1598#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1598","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1598","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1598","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1598","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1598.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/192535","title_filing_ssi":"Lloyd, Charles H. to Samuel Breese Letter","title_ssm":["Charles H. Lloyd to Samuel Breese Letter"],"title_tesim":["Charles H. Lloyd to Samuel Breese Letter"],"unitdate_ssm":["August 15, 1851"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["August 15, 1851"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1851"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Charles H. Lloyd to Samuel Breese Letter, 1851"],"text":["Charles H. Lloyd to Samuel Breese Letter, 1851","MSS 16813","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1598","African Americans -- Colonization -- Africa","The collection is open for research use.","The letter mentions the Reverend Rufus W. Bailey, the employer of Charles Lloyd and an agent of the American Colonization Society from 1847 to 1853 in the western part of Virginia. Bailey and the actions of the ACS were part of a plan to remove Black people from American society and send them to Liberia.","During the six years that Bailey served as an agent, starting in 1847, about 920 colonists, primarily free Blacks from Bailey's home region in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia, left the state for Liberia, compared to a total of approximately 1,807 in the twenty years following the society's founding in 1817. The annual average from Virginia increased from approximately 95 to 153 persons. Bailey used coercive techniques and pressure to manipulate free and enslaved Black people to emigrate to Liberia. His goal was to create a completely white society and he did more for the American Colonization Society to reach this objective than any other single individual in Virginia.","The letter from Charles Lloyd mentions that Bailey was assembling 150 passengers to sail on the Morgan Dix to Liberia on November 1, 1851. Approximately 37 of those who had joined the Liberia Wagon and shipped out on the Morgan Dix were soon dead from one of the worst voyages in the history of the ACS. Others died from conditions once they were in Liberia. Emigrant mortality doomed Bailey's plans for future voyages. Bailey could not pay his bills or earn a living and retired from the agency in 1853. This is further proven by Lloyd mentioning that Bailey could not pay him back the money that Lloyd desperately needed to return to New York.","\"Bailey's objective to eventually remove all free Blacks from Virginia received full ACS support. The national office was kept fully informed of his effort to dislodge potential free Black emigrants by applying the arm of the law.\" It is not known what Lloyd's attitudes were towards Bailey or the ACS, but he was not happy in Virginia and needed to return to New York to find better work. He claimed he was not good at writing or bookkeeping. After Bailey retired, the number of emigrants to Liberia substantially decreased. This letter and the mention of Mr. Bailey provokes a deeper dive into his work at the ACS and more importantly, to learn more about the lives of the Black people that Bailey and others persuaded and coerced to immigrate to Liberia.","More information including names and life details of Black emigrants to Liberia can be found in Eslinger's article \"The Brief Career of Rufus W. Bailey, American Colonization Society Agent in Virginia.\"","Source:\nEslinger, Ellen. \"The Brief Career of Rufus W. Bailey, American Colonization Society Agent in Virginia.\" The Journal of Southern History , Feb., 2005, Vol. 71, No. 1 (Feb., 2005), pp. 39-\n74 Published by: Southern Historical Association. JSTOR website. accessed 10/19/23\nStable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/27648651\nhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/27648651.pdf?refreqid=fastly-default%3A61b32134896141b6912857d1c70ddf63\u0026ab_segments=\u0026origin=\u0026initiator=\u0026acceptTC=1","This collection features a single letter written by Charles H. Lloyd, addressed to his uncle, Samuel Breese of Oneida, New York. Lloyd writes from Harrisonburg, Virginia, asking his uncle for funds to return to New York as he cannot find other employment. He writes, \" I am situated so that I cannot move at all. I have tried to get a situation here in place... but unsuccessfully and all because I am not a good writer \u0026 bookkeeper. I feel very anxious indeed to get back to New York but Mr. Bailey has no money to pay my expenses back and can not let me have it for 6 or 8 weeks.\" Rufus W. Bailey, a Virginia American Colonization Society Agent, employed Lloyd.","The American Colonization Society, also known as the Society for the Colonization of Free People of Color of America until 1837, was an American organization founded in 1816 by Robert Finley to encourage and support the migration of freeborn Black people and emancipated enslaved people to the continent of Africa, specifically Liberia.","In the letter, Lloyd writes that Bailey can not cover his cost to return because  \"He [Bailey] is about to send a Ship of Emigrants to Liberia and is getting them down the Vally [sic] as fast as possible, but they will not be ready to sail before October 1. He then expects to have $1,000 at last and more if he sends over 100 emigrants. He is obliged to pay all their expenses until they go and told me yesterday he could not possibly let me have a dollar until his ship has sailed.\"","During the Liberian emigrant voyage discussed in this letter, which sailed November 1, 1851, on the Morgan Dix, approximately thirty-seven of the 149 passengers died on board the ship or during the acclimation period in Africa, which basically ended Bailey's career and objective of emigrating Black people to Liberia. He believed his strategies  could cleanse Virginia of its entire free Black population.","More information including names of Black people who were sent to Liberia, can be found in Eslinger's article, \"The Brief Career of Rufus W. Bailey\" which is cited below.","Source:\nEslinger, Ellen. \"The Brief Career of Rufus W. Bailey, American Colonization Society Agent in Virginia.\" The Journal of Southern History , Feb., 2005, Vol. 71, No. 1 (Feb., 2005), pp. 39-\n74 Published by: Southern Historical Association. JSTOR website. accessed 10/19/23\nStable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/27648651\nhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/27648651.pdf?refreqid=fastly-default%3A61b32134896141b6912857d1c70ddf63\u0026ab_segments=\u0026origin=\u0026initiator=\u0026acceptTC=1","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","American Colonization Society","Bailey, Rufus William, 1793-1863","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Charles H. Lloyd to Samuel Breese Letter, 1851"],"collection_ssim":["Charles H. Lloyd to Samuel Breese Letter, 1851"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16813","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1598"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 16813","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1598"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bailey, Rufus William, 1793-1863"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","American Colonization Society"],"creators_ssim":["Bailey, Rufus William, 1793-1863","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","American Colonization Society"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased from Michael Brown Rare Books by the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia Library on 20 January 2023."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- Colonization -- Africa"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- Colonization -- Africa"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.04 Cubic Feet One legal-sized file folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.04 Cubic Feet One legal-sized file folder"],"date_range_isim":[1851],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe letter mentions the Reverend Rufus W. Bailey, the employer of Charles Lloyd and an agent of the American Colonization Society from 1847 to 1853 in the western part of Virginia. Bailey and the actions of the ACS were part of a plan to remove Black people from American society and send them to Liberia. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the six years that Bailey served as an agent, starting in 1847, about 920 colonists, primarily free Blacks from Bailey's home region in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia, left the state for Liberia, compared to a total of approximately 1,807 in the twenty years following the society's founding in 1817. The annual average from Virginia increased from approximately 95 to 153 persons. Bailey used coercive techniques and pressure to manipulate free and enslaved Black people to emigrate to Liberia. His goal was to create a completely white society and he did more for the American Colonization Society to reach this objective than any other single individual in Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe letter from Charles Lloyd mentions that Bailey was assembling 150 passengers to sail on the Morgan Dix to Liberia on November 1, 1851. Approximately 37 of those who had joined the Liberia Wagon and shipped out on the Morgan Dix were soon dead from one of the worst voyages in the history of the ACS. Others died from conditions once they were in Liberia. Emigrant mortality doomed Bailey's plans for future voyages. Bailey could not pay his bills or earn a living and retired from the agency in 1853. This is further proven by Lloyd mentioning that Bailey could not pay him back the money that Lloyd desperately needed to return to New York. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Bailey's objective to eventually remove all free Blacks from Virginia received full ACS support. The national office was kept fully informed of his effort to dislodge potential free Black emigrants by applying the arm of the law.\" It is not known what Lloyd's attitudes were towards Bailey or the ACS, but he was not happy in Virginia and needed to return to New York to find better work. He claimed he was not good at writing or bookkeeping. After Bailey retired, the number of emigrants to Liberia substantially decreased. This letter and the mention of Mr. Bailey provokes a deeper dive into his work at the ACS and more importantly, to learn more about the lives of the Black people that Bailey and others persuaded and coerced to immigrate to Liberia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMore information including names and life details of Black emigrants to Liberia can be found in Eslinger's article \"The Brief Career of Rufus W. Bailey, American Colonization Society Agent in Virginia.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSource:\nEslinger, Ellen. \"The Brief Career of Rufus W. Bailey, American Colonization Society Agent in Virginia.\" The Journal of Southern History , Feb., 2005, Vol. 71, No. 1 (Feb., 2005), pp. 39-\n74 Published by: Southern Historical Association. JSTOR website. accessed 10/19/23\nStable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/27648651\nhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/27648651.pdf?refreqid=fastly-default%3A61b32134896141b6912857d1c70ddf63\u0026amp;ab_segments=\u0026amp;origin=\u0026amp;initiator=\u0026amp;acceptTC=1\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The letter mentions the Reverend Rufus W. Bailey, the employer of Charles Lloyd and an agent of the American Colonization Society from 1847 to 1853 in the western part of Virginia. Bailey and the actions of the ACS were part of a plan to remove Black people from American society and send them to Liberia.","During the six years that Bailey served as an agent, starting in 1847, about 920 colonists, primarily free Blacks from Bailey's home region in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia, left the state for Liberia, compared to a total of approximately 1,807 in the twenty years following the society's founding in 1817. The annual average from Virginia increased from approximately 95 to 153 persons. Bailey used coercive techniques and pressure to manipulate free and enslaved Black people to emigrate to Liberia. His goal was to create a completely white society and he did more for the American Colonization Society to reach this objective than any other single individual in Virginia.","The letter from Charles Lloyd mentions that Bailey was assembling 150 passengers to sail on the Morgan Dix to Liberia on November 1, 1851. Approximately 37 of those who had joined the Liberia Wagon and shipped out on the Morgan Dix were soon dead from one of the worst voyages in the history of the ACS. Others died from conditions once they were in Liberia. Emigrant mortality doomed Bailey's plans for future voyages. Bailey could not pay his bills or earn a living and retired from the agency in 1853. This is further proven by Lloyd mentioning that Bailey could not pay him back the money that Lloyd desperately needed to return to New York.","\"Bailey's objective to eventually remove all free Blacks from Virginia received full ACS support. The national office was kept fully informed of his effort to dislodge potential free Black emigrants by applying the arm of the law.\" It is not known what Lloyd's attitudes were towards Bailey or the ACS, but he was not happy in Virginia and needed to return to New York to find better work. He claimed he was not good at writing or bookkeeping. After Bailey retired, the number of emigrants to Liberia substantially decreased. This letter and the mention of Mr. Bailey provokes a deeper dive into his work at the ACS and more importantly, to learn more about the lives of the Black people that Bailey and others persuaded and coerced to immigrate to Liberia.","More information including names and life details of Black emigrants to Liberia can be found in Eslinger's article \"The Brief Career of Rufus W. Bailey, American Colonization Society Agent in Virginia.\"","Source:\nEslinger, Ellen. \"The Brief Career of Rufus W. Bailey, American Colonization Society Agent in Virginia.\" The Journal of Southern History , Feb., 2005, Vol. 71, No. 1 (Feb., 2005), pp. 39-\n74 Published by: Southern Historical Association. JSTOR website. accessed 10/19/23\nStable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/27648651\nhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/27648651.pdf?refreqid=fastly-default%3A61b32134896141b6912857d1c70ddf63\u0026ab_segments=\u0026origin=\u0026initiator=\u0026acceptTC=1"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16813, Charles H. Lloyd to Samuel Breese Letter, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16813, Charles H. Lloyd to Samuel Breese Letter, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection features a single letter written by Charles H. Lloyd, addressed to his uncle, Samuel Breese of Oneida, New York. Lloyd writes from Harrisonburg, Virginia, asking his uncle for funds to return to New York as he cannot find other employment. He writes, \" I am situated so that I cannot move at all. I have tried to get a situation here in place... but unsuccessfully and all because I am not a good writer \u0026amp; bookkeeper. I feel very anxious indeed to get back to New York but Mr. Bailey has no money to pay my expenses back and can not let me have it for 6 or 8 weeks.\" Rufus W. Bailey, a Virginia American Colonization Society Agent, employed Lloyd. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe American Colonization Society, also known as the Society for the Colonization of Free People of Color of America until 1837, was an American organization founded in 1816 by Robert Finley to encourage and support the migration of freeborn Black people and emancipated enslaved people to the continent of Africa, specifically Liberia. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the letter, Lloyd writes that Bailey can not cover his cost to return because  \"He [Bailey] is about to send a Ship of Emigrants to Liberia and is getting them down the Vally [sic] as fast as possible, but they will not be ready to sail before October 1. He then expects to have $1,000 at last and more if he sends over 100 emigrants. He is obliged to pay all their expenses until they go and told me yesterday he could not possibly let me have a dollar until his ship has sailed.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the Liberian emigrant voyage discussed in this letter, which sailed November 1, 1851, on the Morgan Dix, approximately thirty-seven of the 149 passengers died on board the ship or during the acclimation period in Africa, which basically ended Bailey's career and objective of emigrating Black people to Liberia. He believed his strategies  could cleanse Virginia of its entire free Black population. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMore information including names of Black people who were sent to Liberia, can be found in Eslinger's article, \"The Brief Career of Rufus W. Bailey\" which is cited below.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSource:\nEslinger, Ellen. \"The Brief Career of Rufus W. Bailey, American Colonization Society Agent in Virginia.\" The Journal of Southern History , Feb., 2005, Vol. 71, No. 1 (Feb., 2005), pp. 39-\n74 Published by: Southern Historical Association. JSTOR website. accessed 10/19/23\nStable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/27648651\nhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/27648651.pdf?refreqid=fastly-default%3A61b32134896141b6912857d1c70ddf63\u0026amp;ab_segments=\u0026amp;origin=\u0026amp;initiator=\u0026amp;acceptTC=1\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection features a single letter written by Charles H. Lloyd, addressed to his uncle, Samuel Breese of Oneida, New York. Lloyd writes from Harrisonburg, Virginia, asking his uncle for funds to return to New York as he cannot find other employment. He writes, \" I am situated so that I cannot move at all. I have tried to get a situation here in place... but unsuccessfully and all because I am not a good writer \u0026 bookkeeper. I feel very anxious indeed to get back to New York but Mr. Bailey has no money to pay my expenses back and can not let me have it for 6 or 8 weeks.\" Rufus W. Bailey, a Virginia American Colonization Society Agent, employed Lloyd.","The American Colonization Society, also known as the Society for the Colonization of Free People of Color of America until 1837, was an American organization founded in 1816 by Robert Finley to encourage and support the migration of freeborn Black people and emancipated enslaved people to the continent of Africa, specifically Liberia.","In the letter, Lloyd writes that Bailey can not cover his cost to return because  \"He [Bailey] is about to send a Ship of Emigrants to Liberia and is getting them down the Vally [sic] as fast as possible, but they will not be ready to sail before October 1. He then expects to have $1,000 at last and more if he sends over 100 emigrants. He is obliged to pay all their expenses until they go and told me yesterday he could not possibly let me have a dollar until his ship has sailed.\"","During the Liberian emigrant voyage discussed in this letter, which sailed November 1, 1851, on the Morgan Dix, approximately thirty-seven of the 149 passengers died on board the ship or during the acclimation period in Africa, which basically ended Bailey's career and objective of emigrating Black people to Liberia. He believed his strategies  could cleanse Virginia of its entire free Black population.","More information including names of Black people who were sent to Liberia, can be found in Eslinger's article, \"The Brief Career of Rufus W. Bailey\" which is cited below.","Source:\nEslinger, Ellen. \"The Brief Career of Rufus W. Bailey, American Colonization Society Agent in Virginia.\" The Journal of Southern History , Feb., 2005, Vol. 71, No. 1 (Feb., 2005), pp. 39-\n74 Published by: Southern Historical Association. JSTOR website. accessed 10/19/23\nStable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/27648651\nhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/27648651.pdf?refreqid=fastly-default%3A61b32134896141b6912857d1c70ddf63\u0026ab_segments=\u0026origin=\u0026initiator=\u0026acceptTC=1"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","American Colonization Society"],"names_coll_ssim":["American Colonization Society","Bailey, Rufus William, 1793-1863"],"persname_ssim":["Bailey, Rufus William, 1793-1863"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","American Colonization Society","Bailey, Rufus William, 1793-1863"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:40:42.029Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1598","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1598","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1598","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1598","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1598.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/192535","title_filing_ssi":"Lloyd, Charles H. to Samuel Breese Letter","title_ssm":["Charles H. Lloyd to Samuel Breese Letter"],"title_tesim":["Charles H. Lloyd to Samuel Breese Letter"],"unitdate_ssm":["August 15, 1851"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["August 15, 1851"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1851"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Charles H. Lloyd to Samuel Breese Letter, 1851"],"text":["Charles H. Lloyd to Samuel Breese Letter, 1851","MSS 16813","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1598","African Americans -- Colonization -- Africa","The collection is open for research use.","The letter mentions the Reverend Rufus W. Bailey, the employer of Charles Lloyd and an agent of the American Colonization Society from 1847 to 1853 in the western part of Virginia. Bailey and the actions of the ACS were part of a plan to remove Black people from American society and send them to Liberia.","During the six years that Bailey served as an agent, starting in 1847, about 920 colonists, primarily free Blacks from Bailey's home region in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia, left the state for Liberia, compared to a total of approximately 1,807 in the twenty years following the society's founding in 1817. The annual average from Virginia increased from approximately 95 to 153 persons. Bailey used coercive techniques and pressure to manipulate free and enslaved Black people to emigrate to Liberia. His goal was to create a completely white society and he did more for the American Colonization Society to reach this objective than any other single individual in Virginia.","The letter from Charles Lloyd mentions that Bailey was assembling 150 passengers to sail on the Morgan Dix to Liberia on November 1, 1851. Approximately 37 of those who had joined the Liberia Wagon and shipped out on the Morgan Dix were soon dead from one of the worst voyages in the history of the ACS. Others died from conditions once they were in Liberia. Emigrant mortality doomed Bailey's plans for future voyages. Bailey could not pay his bills or earn a living and retired from the agency in 1853. This is further proven by Lloyd mentioning that Bailey could not pay him back the money that Lloyd desperately needed to return to New York.","\"Bailey's objective to eventually remove all free Blacks from Virginia received full ACS support. The national office was kept fully informed of his effort to dislodge potential free Black emigrants by applying the arm of the law.\" It is not known what Lloyd's attitudes were towards Bailey or the ACS, but he was not happy in Virginia and needed to return to New York to find better work. He claimed he was not good at writing or bookkeeping. After Bailey retired, the number of emigrants to Liberia substantially decreased. This letter and the mention of Mr. Bailey provokes a deeper dive into his work at the ACS and more importantly, to learn more about the lives of the Black people that Bailey and others persuaded and coerced to immigrate to Liberia.","More information including names and life details of Black emigrants to Liberia can be found in Eslinger's article \"The Brief Career of Rufus W. Bailey, American Colonization Society Agent in Virginia.\"","Source:\nEslinger, Ellen. \"The Brief Career of Rufus W. Bailey, American Colonization Society Agent in Virginia.\" The Journal of Southern History , Feb., 2005, Vol. 71, No. 1 (Feb., 2005), pp. 39-\n74 Published by: Southern Historical Association. JSTOR website. accessed 10/19/23\nStable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/27648651\nhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/27648651.pdf?refreqid=fastly-default%3A61b32134896141b6912857d1c70ddf63\u0026ab_segments=\u0026origin=\u0026initiator=\u0026acceptTC=1","This collection features a single letter written by Charles H. Lloyd, addressed to his uncle, Samuel Breese of Oneida, New York. Lloyd writes from Harrisonburg, Virginia, asking his uncle for funds to return to New York as he cannot find other employment. He writes, \" I am situated so that I cannot move at all. I have tried to get a situation here in place... but unsuccessfully and all because I am not a good writer \u0026 bookkeeper. I feel very anxious indeed to get back to New York but Mr. Bailey has no money to pay my expenses back and can not let me have it for 6 or 8 weeks.\" Rufus W. Bailey, a Virginia American Colonization Society Agent, employed Lloyd.","The American Colonization Society, also known as the Society for the Colonization of Free People of Color of America until 1837, was an American organization founded in 1816 by Robert Finley to encourage and support the migration of freeborn Black people and emancipated enslaved people to the continent of Africa, specifically Liberia.","In the letter, Lloyd writes that Bailey can not cover his cost to return because  \"He [Bailey] is about to send a Ship of Emigrants to Liberia and is getting them down the Vally [sic] as fast as possible, but they will not be ready to sail before October 1. He then expects to have $1,000 at last and more if he sends over 100 emigrants. He is obliged to pay all their expenses until they go and told me yesterday he could not possibly let me have a dollar until his ship has sailed.\"","During the Liberian emigrant voyage discussed in this letter, which sailed November 1, 1851, on the Morgan Dix, approximately thirty-seven of the 149 passengers died on board the ship or during the acclimation period in Africa, which basically ended Bailey's career and objective of emigrating Black people to Liberia. He believed his strategies  could cleanse Virginia of its entire free Black population.","More information including names of Black people who were sent to Liberia, can be found in Eslinger's article, \"The Brief Career of Rufus W. Bailey\" which is cited below.","Source:\nEslinger, Ellen. \"The Brief Career of Rufus W. Bailey, American Colonization Society Agent in Virginia.\" The Journal of Southern History , Feb., 2005, Vol. 71, No. 1 (Feb., 2005), pp. 39-\n74 Published by: Southern Historical Association. JSTOR website. accessed 10/19/23\nStable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/27648651\nhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/27648651.pdf?refreqid=fastly-default%3A61b32134896141b6912857d1c70ddf63\u0026ab_segments=\u0026origin=\u0026initiator=\u0026acceptTC=1","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","American Colonization Society","Bailey, Rufus William, 1793-1863","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Charles H. Lloyd to Samuel Breese Letter, 1851"],"collection_ssim":["Charles H. Lloyd to Samuel Breese Letter, 1851"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16813","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1598"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 16813","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1598"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bailey, Rufus William, 1793-1863"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","American Colonization Society"],"creators_ssim":["Bailey, Rufus William, 1793-1863","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","American Colonization Society"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased from Michael Brown Rare Books by the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia Library on 20 January 2023."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- Colonization -- Africa"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- Colonization -- Africa"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.04 Cubic Feet One legal-sized file folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.04 Cubic Feet One legal-sized file folder"],"date_range_isim":[1851],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe letter mentions the Reverend Rufus W. Bailey, the employer of Charles Lloyd and an agent of the American Colonization Society from 1847 to 1853 in the western part of Virginia. Bailey and the actions of the ACS were part of a plan to remove Black people from American society and send them to Liberia. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the six years that Bailey served as an agent, starting in 1847, about 920 colonists, primarily free Blacks from Bailey's home region in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia, left the state for Liberia, compared to a total of approximately 1,807 in the twenty years following the society's founding in 1817. The annual average from Virginia increased from approximately 95 to 153 persons. Bailey used coercive techniques and pressure to manipulate free and enslaved Black people to emigrate to Liberia. His goal was to create a completely white society and he did more for the American Colonization Society to reach this objective than any other single individual in Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe letter from Charles Lloyd mentions that Bailey was assembling 150 passengers to sail on the Morgan Dix to Liberia on November 1, 1851. Approximately 37 of those who had joined the Liberia Wagon and shipped out on the Morgan Dix were soon dead from one of the worst voyages in the history of the ACS. Others died from conditions once they were in Liberia. Emigrant mortality doomed Bailey's plans for future voyages. Bailey could not pay his bills or earn a living and retired from the agency in 1853. This is further proven by Lloyd mentioning that Bailey could not pay him back the money that Lloyd desperately needed to return to New York. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Bailey's objective to eventually remove all free Blacks from Virginia received full ACS support. The national office was kept fully informed of his effort to dislodge potential free Black emigrants by applying the arm of the law.\" It is not known what Lloyd's attitudes were towards Bailey or the ACS, but he was not happy in Virginia and needed to return to New York to find better work. He claimed he was not good at writing or bookkeeping. After Bailey retired, the number of emigrants to Liberia substantially decreased. This letter and the mention of Mr. Bailey provokes a deeper dive into his work at the ACS and more importantly, to learn more about the lives of the Black people that Bailey and others persuaded and coerced to immigrate to Liberia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMore information including names and life details of Black emigrants to Liberia can be found in Eslinger's article \"The Brief Career of Rufus W. Bailey, American Colonization Society Agent in Virginia.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSource:\nEslinger, Ellen. \"The Brief Career of Rufus W. Bailey, American Colonization Society Agent in Virginia.\" The Journal of Southern History , Feb., 2005, Vol. 71, No. 1 (Feb., 2005), pp. 39-\n74 Published by: Southern Historical Association. JSTOR website. accessed 10/19/23\nStable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/27648651\nhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/27648651.pdf?refreqid=fastly-default%3A61b32134896141b6912857d1c70ddf63\u0026amp;ab_segments=\u0026amp;origin=\u0026amp;initiator=\u0026amp;acceptTC=1\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The letter mentions the Reverend Rufus W. Bailey, the employer of Charles Lloyd and an agent of the American Colonization Society from 1847 to 1853 in the western part of Virginia. Bailey and the actions of the ACS were part of a plan to remove Black people from American society and send them to Liberia.","During the six years that Bailey served as an agent, starting in 1847, about 920 colonists, primarily free Blacks from Bailey's home region in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia, left the state for Liberia, compared to a total of approximately 1,807 in the twenty years following the society's founding in 1817. The annual average from Virginia increased from approximately 95 to 153 persons. Bailey used coercive techniques and pressure to manipulate free and enslaved Black people to emigrate to Liberia. His goal was to create a completely white society and he did more for the American Colonization Society to reach this objective than any other single individual in Virginia.","The letter from Charles Lloyd mentions that Bailey was assembling 150 passengers to sail on the Morgan Dix to Liberia on November 1, 1851. Approximately 37 of those who had joined the Liberia Wagon and shipped out on the Morgan Dix were soon dead from one of the worst voyages in the history of the ACS. Others died from conditions once they were in Liberia. Emigrant mortality doomed Bailey's plans for future voyages. Bailey could not pay his bills or earn a living and retired from the agency in 1853. This is further proven by Lloyd mentioning that Bailey could not pay him back the money that Lloyd desperately needed to return to New York.","\"Bailey's objective to eventually remove all free Blacks from Virginia received full ACS support. The national office was kept fully informed of his effort to dislodge potential free Black emigrants by applying the arm of the law.\" It is not known what Lloyd's attitudes were towards Bailey or the ACS, but he was not happy in Virginia and needed to return to New York to find better work. He claimed he was not good at writing or bookkeeping. After Bailey retired, the number of emigrants to Liberia substantially decreased. This letter and the mention of Mr. Bailey provokes a deeper dive into his work at the ACS and more importantly, to learn more about the lives of the Black people that Bailey and others persuaded and coerced to immigrate to Liberia.","More information including names and life details of Black emigrants to Liberia can be found in Eslinger's article \"The Brief Career of Rufus W. Bailey, American Colonization Society Agent in Virginia.\"","Source:\nEslinger, Ellen. \"The Brief Career of Rufus W. Bailey, American Colonization Society Agent in Virginia.\" The Journal of Southern History , Feb., 2005, Vol. 71, No. 1 (Feb., 2005), pp. 39-\n74 Published by: Southern Historical Association. JSTOR website. accessed 10/19/23\nStable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/27648651\nhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/27648651.pdf?refreqid=fastly-default%3A61b32134896141b6912857d1c70ddf63\u0026ab_segments=\u0026origin=\u0026initiator=\u0026acceptTC=1"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16813, Charles H. Lloyd to Samuel Breese Letter, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16813, Charles H. Lloyd to Samuel Breese Letter, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection features a single letter written by Charles H. Lloyd, addressed to his uncle, Samuel Breese of Oneida, New York. Lloyd writes from Harrisonburg, Virginia, asking his uncle for funds to return to New York as he cannot find other employment. He writes, \" I am situated so that I cannot move at all. I have tried to get a situation here in place... but unsuccessfully and all because I am not a good writer \u0026amp; bookkeeper. I feel very anxious indeed to get back to New York but Mr. Bailey has no money to pay my expenses back and can not let me have it for 6 or 8 weeks.\" Rufus W. Bailey, a Virginia American Colonization Society Agent, employed Lloyd. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe American Colonization Society, also known as the Society for the Colonization of Free People of Color of America until 1837, was an American organization founded in 1816 by Robert Finley to encourage and support the migration of freeborn Black people and emancipated enslaved people to the continent of Africa, specifically Liberia. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the letter, Lloyd writes that Bailey can not cover his cost to return because  \"He [Bailey] is about to send a Ship of Emigrants to Liberia and is getting them down the Vally [sic] as fast as possible, but they will not be ready to sail before October 1. He then expects to have $1,000 at last and more if he sends over 100 emigrants. He is obliged to pay all their expenses until they go and told me yesterday he could not possibly let me have a dollar until his ship has sailed.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the Liberian emigrant voyage discussed in this letter, which sailed November 1, 1851, on the Morgan Dix, approximately thirty-seven of the 149 passengers died on board the ship or during the acclimation period in Africa, which basically ended Bailey's career and objective of emigrating Black people to Liberia. He believed his strategies  could cleanse Virginia of its entire free Black population. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMore information including names of Black people who were sent to Liberia, can be found in Eslinger's article, \"The Brief Career of Rufus W. Bailey\" which is cited below.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSource:\nEslinger, Ellen. \"The Brief Career of Rufus W. Bailey, American Colonization Society Agent in Virginia.\" The Journal of Southern History , Feb., 2005, Vol. 71, No. 1 (Feb., 2005), pp. 39-\n74 Published by: Southern Historical Association. JSTOR website. accessed 10/19/23\nStable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/27648651\nhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/27648651.pdf?refreqid=fastly-default%3A61b32134896141b6912857d1c70ddf63\u0026amp;ab_segments=\u0026amp;origin=\u0026amp;initiator=\u0026amp;acceptTC=1\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection features a single letter written by Charles H. Lloyd, addressed to his uncle, Samuel Breese of Oneida, New York. Lloyd writes from Harrisonburg, Virginia, asking his uncle for funds to return to New York as he cannot find other employment. He writes, \" I am situated so that I cannot move at all. I have tried to get a situation here in place... but unsuccessfully and all because I am not a good writer \u0026 bookkeeper. I feel very anxious indeed to get back to New York but Mr. Bailey has no money to pay my expenses back and can not let me have it for 6 or 8 weeks.\" Rufus W. Bailey, a Virginia American Colonization Society Agent, employed Lloyd.","The American Colonization Society, also known as the Society for the Colonization of Free People of Color of America until 1837, was an American organization founded in 1816 by Robert Finley to encourage and support the migration of freeborn Black people and emancipated enslaved people to the continent of Africa, specifically Liberia.","In the letter, Lloyd writes that Bailey can not cover his cost to return because  \"He [Bailey] is about to send a Ship of Emigrants to Liberia and is getting them down the Vally [sic] as fast as possible, but they will not be ready to sail before October 1. He then expects to have $1,000 at last and more if he sends over 100 emigrants. He is obliged to pay all their expenses until they go and told me yesterday he could not possibly let me have a dollar until his ship has sailed.\"","During the Liberian emigrant voyage discussed in this letter, which sailed November 1, 1851, on the Morgan Dix, approximately thirty-seven of the 149 passengers died on board the ship or during the acclimation period in Africa, which basically ended Bailey's career and objective of emigrating Black people to Liberia. He believed his strategies  could cleanse Virginia of its entire free Black population.","More information including names of Black people who were sent to Liberia, can be found in Eslinger's article, \"The Brief Career of Rufus W. Bailey\" which is cited below.","Source:\nEslinger, Ellen. \"The Brief Career of Rufus W. Bailey, American Colonization Society Agent in Virginia.\" The Journal of Southern History , Feb., 2005, Vol. 71, No. 1 (Feb., 2005), pp. 39-\n74 Published by: Southern Historical Association. JSTOR website. accessed 10/19/23\nStable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/27648651\nhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/27648651.pdf?refreqid=fastly-default%3A61b32134896141b6912857d1c70ddf63\u0026ab_segments=\u0026origin=\u0026initiator=\u0026acceptTC=1"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","American Colonization Society"],"names_coll_ssim":["American Colonization Society","Bailey, Rufus William, 1793-1863"],"persname_ssim":["Bailey, Rufus William, 1793-1863"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","American Colonization Society","Bailey, Rufus William, 1793-1863"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:40:42.029Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1598"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5661","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Henry Ruffner (1790-1861) and William Henry (1824-1908) Papers, 1829/1913","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5661#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Pamphlets include Henry Ruffner's antislavery pamphlet, 1847, and his Union speech, 1856. Subjects of the manuscripts and correspondence include family history; travel; Kanawha Salt Works; schools in Virginia and Kanawha County; Lane Seminary Library; Presbyterian Church; slavery, coal, gas, iron, and timber; Johns Hopkins, Washington and Lee, Harvard, Hobart, Cornell, and Hampden-Sydney colleges; Greenbrier County; Alabama; election of 1904; University of Virginia; Kanawha Valley floods; Venezuela; American Colonization Society; and the Philippine Islands. Persons mentioned or commented on include Philip Doddridge, John Letcher, Hugh Mercer, and Nelson A. Miles. Correspondents include Charles H. Ambler, John Eaton, John P. Hale, H.R. Helper, W.S. Laidley, David L. Ruffner, John W. Wayland, and William L. Wilson.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5661#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5661","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5661","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5661","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5661","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_5661.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/198798","title_ssm":["Henry Ruffner (1790-1861) and William Henry (1824-1908) Papers"],"title_tesim":["Henry Ruffner (1790-1861) and William Henry (1824-1908) Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1829-1913"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1829-1913"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1829/1913"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Henry Ruffner (1790-1861) and William Henry (1824-1908) Papers, 1829/1913"],"text":["Henry Ruffner (1790-1861) and William Henry (1824-1908) Papers, 1829/1913","A\u0026M 1942","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5661","Venezuela","Philippines","Kanawha Valley.","Kanawha County (W. Va.)","Alabama","Greenbrier County (W. Va.)","African-Americans. SEE ALSO Coal miners - African Americans.","Coal mining.","Ministers - letters and papers.","Education. SEE ALSO Schools.","Women's history -- 1800-1849","Genealogy","Elections","Iron furnaces and iron industry.","Rivers and river valleys.","Kanawha Salt Works.","Lumber trade","Gas industry","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Travel accounts.","Churches  -- Presbyterian","Abolition of slavery","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Floods","Authors -- Letters and papers","Education","Election of 1904.","Missionaries","Slaves and slavery.","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Universities and colleges","No special access restriction applies.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Pamphlets include Henry Ruffner's antislavery pamphlet, 1847, and his Union speech, 1856. Subjects of the manuscripts and correspondence include family history; travel; Kanawha Salt Works; schools in Virginia and Kanawha County; Lane Seminary Library; Presbyterian Church; slavery, coal, gas, iron, and timber; Johns Hopkins, Washington and Lee, Harvard, Hobart, Cornell, and Hampden-Sydney colleges; Greenbrier County; Alabama; election of 1904; University of Virginia; Kanawha Valley floods; Venezuela; American Colonization Society; and the Philippine Islands. Persons mentioned or commented on include Philip Doddridge, John Letcher, Hugh Mercer, and Nelson A. Miles. Correspondents include Charles H. Ambler, John Eaton, John P. Hale, H.R. Helper, W.S. Laidley, David L. Ruffner, John W. Wayland, and William L. Wilson.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Colonization Society","Johns Hopkins University","Washington and Lee University","Harvard University","Cornell University","University of Virginia.","Hobart College","Hampden-Sydney College","Lane Seminary Library","McClung family - Genealogy","Ruffner family","Laidley, W.S.","Wayland, John W.","Ruffner, David L.","Letcher, John, 1813-1884","Hale, John P.","Mercer, Hugh","Ruffner, Henry, 1790-1861","Wilson, William Lyne, 1843-1900","Helper, Hinton Rowan, 1829-1909","Doddridge, Philip, 1773-1832","Ruffner, William Henry, 1824-1908","Eaton, John.","Miles, Nelson Appleton, 1839-1925","Ambler, Charles Henry,  1876-1957","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Henry Ruffner (1790-1861) and William Henry (1824-1908) Papers, 1829/1913"],"collection_ssim":["Henry Ruffner (1790-1861) and William Henry (1824-1908) Papers, 1829/1913"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 1942","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5661"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 1942","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5661"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Venezuela","Philippines","Kanawha Valley.","Kanawha County (W. Va.)","Alabama","Greenbrier County (W. Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Venezuela","Philippines","Kanawha Valley.","Kanawha County (W. Va.)","Alabama","Greenbrier County (W. Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Venezuela","Philippines","Kanawha Valley.","Kanawha County (W. Va.)","Alabama","Greenbrier County (W. Va.)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Laidley, W.S.","Wayland, John W.","Ruffner, David L.","Letcher, John, 1813-1884","Hale, John P.","Mercer, Hugh","Ruffner, Henry, 1790-1861","Wilson, William Lyne, 1843-1900","Helper, Hinton Rowan, 1829-1909","Doddridge, Philip, 1773-1832","Ruffner, William Henry, 1824-1908","Eaton, John.","Miles, Nelson Appleton, 1839-1925","Ambler, Charles Henry,  1876-1957"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Colonization Society","Johns Hopkins University","Washington and Lee University","Harvard University","Cornell University","University of Virginia.","Hobart College","Hampden-Sydney College","Lane Seminary Library"],"creator_famname_ssim":["McClung family - Genealogy","Ruffner family"],"creators_ssim":["Laidley, W.S.","Wayland, John W.","Ruffner, David L.","Letcher, John, 1813-1884","Hale, John P.","Mercer, Hugh","Ruffner, Henry, 1790-1861","Wilson, William Lyne, 1843-1900","Helper, Hinton Rowan, 1829-1909","Doddridge, Philip, 1773-1832","Ruffner, William Henry, 1824-1908","Eaton, John.","Miles, Nelson Appleton, 1839-1925","Ambler, Charles Henry,  1876-1957","West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Colonization Society","Johns Hopkins University","Washington and Lee University","Harvard University","Cornell University","University of Virginia.","Hobart College","Hampden-Sydney College","Lane Seminary Library","McClung family - Genealogy","Ruffner family"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African-Americans. SEE ALSO Coal miners - African Americans.","Coal mining.","Ministers - letters and papers.","Education. SEE ALSO Schools.","Women's history -- 1800-1849","Genealogy","Elections","Iron furnaces and iron industry.","Rivers and river valleys.","Kanawha Salt Works.","Lumber trade","Gas industry","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Travel accounts.","Churches  -- Presbyterian","Abolition of slavery","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Floods","Authors -- Letters and papers","Education","Election of 1904.","Missionaries","Slaves and slavery.","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Universities and colleges"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African-Americans. SEE ALSO Coal miners - African Americans.","Coal mining.","Ministers - letters and papers.","Education. SEE ALSO Schools.","Women's history -- 1800-1849","Genealogy","Elections","Iron furnaces and iron industry.","Rivers and river valleys.","Kanawha Salt Works.","Lumber trade","Gas industry","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Travel accounts.","Churches  -- Presbyterian","Abolition of slavery","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Floods","Authors -- Letters and papers","Education","Election of 1904.","Missionaries","Slaves and slavery.","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Universities and colleges"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.15 Linear Feet Summary: 1 3/4 in. (1 reel of microfilm (310 items), 1.75 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["0.15 Linear Feet Summary: 1 3/4 in. (1 reel of microfilm (310 items), 1.75 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Henry Ruffner (1790-1861) and William Henry (1824-1908) Papers, A\u0026amp;M 1942, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Henry Ruffner (1790-1861) and William Henry (1824-1908) Papers, A\u0026M 1942, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ac6a06e0c3d5e40a3044cd5420101d45\"\u003ePamphlets include Henry Ruffner's antislavery pamphlet, 1847, and his Union speech, 1856. Subjects of the manuscripts and correspondence include family history; travel; Kanawha Salt Works; schools in Virginia and Kanawha County; Lane Seminary Library; Presbyterian Church; slavery, coal, gas, iron, and timber; Johns Hopkins, Washington and Lee, Harvard, Hobart, Cornell, and Hampden-Sydney colleges; Greenbrier County; Alabama; election of 1904; University of Virginia; Kanawha Valley floods; Venezuela; American Colonization Society; and the Philippine Islands. Persons mentioned or commented on include Philip Doddridge, John Letcher, Hugh Mercer, and Nelson A. Miles. Correspondents include Charles H. Ambler, John Eaton, John P. Hale, H.R. Helper, W.S. Laidley, David L. Ruffner, John W. Wayland, and William L. Wilson.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Pamphlets include Henry Ruffner's antislavery pamphlet, 1847, and his Union speech, 1856. Subjects of the manuscripts and correspondence include family history; travel; Kanawha Salt Works; schools in Virginia and Kanawha County; Lane Seminary Library; Presbyterian Church; slavery, coal, gas, iron, and timber; Johns Hopkins, Washington and Lee, Harvard, Hobart, Cornell, and Hampden-Sydney colleges; Greenbrier County; Alabama; election of 1904; University of Virginia; Kanawha Valley floods; Venezuela; American Colonization Society; and the Philippine Islands. Persons mentioned or commented on include Philip Doddridge, John Letcher, Hugh Mercer, and Nelson A. Miles. Correspondents include Charles H. Ambler, John Eaton, John P. Hale, H.R. Helper, W.S. Laidley, David L. Ruffner, John W. Wayland, and William L. Wilson."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_f05aa69e7b024d1ea7f7ce98814946b7\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. 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Va.)","Alabama","Greenbrier County (W. Va.)","African-Americans. SEE ALSO Coal miners - African Americans.","Coal mining.","Ministers - letters and papers.","Education. SEE ALSO Schools.","Women's history -- 1800-1849","Genealogy","Elections","Iron furnaces and iron industry.","Rivers and river valleys.","Kanawha Salt Works.","Lumber trade","Gas industry","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Travel accounts.","Churches  -- Presbyterian","Abolition of slavery","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Floods","Authors -- Letters and papers","Education","Election of 1904.","Missionaries","Slaves and slavery.","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Universities and colleges","No special access restriction applies.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Pamphlets include Henry Ruffner's antislavery pamphlet, 1847, and his Union speech, 1856. Subjects of the manuscripts and correspondence include family history; travel; Kanawha Salt Works; schools in Virginia and Kanawha County; Lane Seminary Library; Presbyterian Church; slavery, coal, gas, iron, and timber; Johns Hopkins, Washington and Lee, Harvard, Hobart, Cornell, and Hampden-Sydney colleges; Greenbrier County; Alabama; election of 1904; University of Virginia; Kanawha Valley floods; Venezuela; American Colonization Society; and the Philippine Islands. Persons mentioned or commented on include Philip Doddridge, John Letcher, Hugh Mercer, and Nelson A. Miles. Correspondents include Charles H. Ambler, John Eaton, John P. Hale, H.R. Helper, W.S. Laidley, David L. Ruffner, John W. Wayland, and William L. Wilson.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Colonization Society","Johns Hopkins University","Washington and Lee University","Harvard University","Cornell University","University of Virginia.","Hobart College","Hampden-Sydney College","Lane Seminary Library","McClung family - Genealogy","Ruffner family","Laidley, W.S.","Wayland, John W.","Ruffner, David L.","Letcher, John, 1813-1884","Hale, John P.","Mercer, Hugh","Ruffner, Henry, 1790-1861","Wilson, William Lyne, 1843-1900","Helper, Hinton Rowan, 1829-1909","Doddridge, Philip, 1773-1832","Ruffner, William Henry, 1824-1908","Eaton, John.","Miles, Nelson Appleton, 1839-1925","Ambler, Charles Henry,  1876-1957","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Henry Ruffner (1790-1861) and William Henry (1824-1908) Papers, 1829/1913"],"collection_ssim":["Henry Ruffner (1790-1861) and William Henry (1824-1908) Papers, 1829/1913"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 1942","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5661"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 1942","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5661"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Venezuela","Philippines","Kanawha Valley.","Kanawha County (W. 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For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ac6a06e0c3d5e40a3044cd5420101d45\"\u003ePamphlets include Henry Ruffner's antislavery pamphlet, 1847, and his Union speech, 1856. Subjects of the manuscripts and correspondence include family history; travel; Kanawha Salt Works; schools in Virginia and Kanawha County; Lane Seminary Library; Presbyterian Church; slavery, coal, gas, iron, and timber; Johns Hopkins, Washington and Lee, Harvard, Hobart, Cornell, and Hampden-Sydney colleges; Greenbrier County; Alabama; election of 1904; University of Virginia; Kanawha Valley floods; Venezuela; American Colonization Society; and the Philippine Islands. Persons mentioned or commented on include Philip Doddridge, John Letcher, Hugh Mercer, and Nelson A. Miles. Correspondents include Charles H. Ambler, John Eaton, John P. Hale, H.R. Helper, W.S. Laidley, David L. Ruffner, John W. Wayland, and William L. Wilson.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Pamphlets include Henry Ruffner's antislavery pamphlet, 1847, and his Union speech, 1856. Subjects of the manuscripts and correspondence include family history; travel; Kanawha Salt Works; schools in Virginia and Kanawha County; Lane Seminary Library; Presbyterian Church; slavery, coal, gas, iron, and timber; Johns Hopkins, Washington and Lee, Harvard, Hobart, Cornell, and Hampden-Sydney colleges; Greenbrier County; Alabama; election of 1904; University of Virginia; Kanawha Valley floods; Venezuela; American Colonization Society; and the Philippine Islands. Persons mentioned or commented on include Philip Doddridge, John Letcher, Hugh Mercer, and Nelson A. Miles. Correspondents include Charles H. Ambler, John Eaton, John P. Hale, H.R. Helper, W.S. Laidley, David L. Ruffner, John W. Wayland, and William L. Wilson."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_f05aa69e7b024d1ea7f7ce98814946b7\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Colonization Society","Johns Hopkins University","Washington and Lee University","Harvard University","Cornell University","University of Virginia.","Hobart College","Hampden-Sydney College","Lane Seminary Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["American Colonization Society","Johns Hopkins University","Washington and Lee University","Harvard University","Cornell University","University of Virginia.","Hobart College","Hampden-Sydney College","Lane Seminary Library","McClung family - Genealogy","Ruffner family","Laidley, W.S.","Wayland, John W.","Ruffner, David L.","Letcher, John, 1813-1884","Hale, John P.","Mercer, Hugh","Ruffner, Henry, 1790-1861","Wilson, William Lyne, 1843-1900","Helper, Hinton Rowan, 1829-1909","Doddridge, Philip, 1773-1832","Ruffner, William Henry, 1824-1908","Eaton, John.","Miles, Nelson Appleton, 1839-1925","Ambler, Charles Henry,  1876-1957"],"famname_ssim":["McClung family - Genealogy","Ruffner family"],"persname_ssim":["Laidley, W.S.","Wayland, John W.","Ruffner, David L.","Letcher, John, 1813-1884","Hale, John P.","Mercer, Hugh","Ruffner, Henry, 1790-1861","Wilson, William Lyne, 1843-1900","Helper, Hinton Rowan, 1829-1909","Doddridge, Philip, 1773-1832","Ruffner, William Henry, 1824-1908","Eaton, John.","Miles, Nelson Appleton, 1839-1925","Ambler, Charles Henry,  1876-1957"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Colonization Society","Johns Hopkins University","Washington and Lee University","Harvard University","Cornell University","University of Virginia.","Hobart College","Hampden-Sydney College","Lane Seminary Library","McClung family - Genealogy","Ruffner family","Laidley, W.S.","Wayland, John W.","Ruffner, David L.","Letcher, John, 1813-1884","Hale, John P.","Mercer, Hugh","Ruffner, Henry, 1790-1861","Wilson, William Lyne, 1843-1900","Helper, Hinton Rowan, 1829-1909","Doddridge, Philip, 1773-1832","Ruffner, William Henry, 1824-1908","Eaton, John.","Miles, Nelson Appleton, 1839-1925","Ambler, Charles Henry,  1876-1957"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:58:09.942Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5661"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2456","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Peter Godwin Van Winkle (1808-1872) Papers, 1827/1902","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2456#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Van Winkle, P. G. (Peter Godwin), 1808-1872","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2456#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Personal papers and scrapbooks of Peter G. Van Winkle (1808-1872), a Parkersburg attorney, delegate to the Constitutional Convention of 1850-1851, member of the Second Wheeling Convention of 1861, delegate to the Constitutional Convention of 1861-1862, legislator from Wood County in 1863, U.S. Senator from 1863-1869, and participant in West Virginia railroad and business enterprises. Includes manuscripts speeches, essays, correspondence, and three scrapbooks of newspaper clippings. Highlights include a manuscript speech on the American Colonization Society, which helped found the colony of Liberia (undated); a letter to the president of the Baltimore \u0026amp; Ohio Railroad Company (March 18, 1836); a draft of \"Address of the Delegates composing the New State Constitutional Convention to their Constituents\" (1863). Other subjects of Van Winkle's writings include the U.S. Constitution, philosophical and religious writings (including the rights and nature of mankind), and Virginia and West Virginia politics. The scrapbooks are mostly full of clippings, with subjects including the Northwestern Turnpike, politics, and the development of Parkersburg (1827-1902, undated). One of the scrapbooks also includes journal entries (1834-1844).","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2456#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2456","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2456","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2456","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2456","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_2456.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/196522","title_ssm":["Peter Godwin Van Winkle (1808-1872) Papers"],"title_tesim":["Peter Godwin Van Winkle (1808-1872) Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1827-1902, undated"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1827-1902, undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1827/1902"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Peter Godwin Van Winkle (1808-1872) Papers, 1827/1902"],"text":["Peter Godwin Van Winkle (1808-1872) Papers, 1827/1902","A\u0026M 0136","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2456","Northwestern Turnpike.","Parkersburg (W. Va.)","West Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","West Virginia -- Politics and government","United States -- Politics and government","Politics and government.","Railroads","Politicians -- United States","Scrapbooks","Diaries","No special access restriction applies.","18, 136, 142","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Personal papers and scrapbooks of Peter G. Van Winkle (1808-1872), a Parkersburg attorney, delegate to the Constitutional Convention of 1850-1851, member of the Second Wheeling Convention of 1861, delegate to the Constitutional Convention of 1861-1862, legislator from Wood County in 1863, U.S. Senator from 1863-1869, and participant in West Virginia railroad and business enterprises. Includes manuscripts speeches, essays, correspondence, and three scrapbooks of newspaper clippings. Highlights include a manuscript speech on the American Colonization Society, which helped found the colony of Liberia (undated); a letter to the president of the Baltimore \u0026 Ohio Railroad Company (March 18, 1836); a draft of \"Address of the Delegates composing the New State Constitutional Convention to their Constituents\" (1863). Other subjects of Van Winkle's writings include the U.S. Constitution, philosophical and religious writings (including the rights and nature of mankind), and Virginia and West Virginia politics. The scrapbooks are mostly full of clippings, with subjects including the Northwestern Turnpike, politics, and the development of Parkersburg (1827-1902, undated). One of the scrapbooks also includes journal entries (1834-1844).","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Colonization Society","Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company","United States. Constitution","West Virginia. Constitutional Convention (1872)","United States. Congress. Senate","Van Winkle, P. G. (Peter Godwin), 1808-1872","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Peter Godwin Van Winkle (1808-1872) Papers, 1827/1902"],"collection_ssim":["Peter Godwin Van Winkle (1808-1872) Papers, 1827/1902"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 0136","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2456"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 0136","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2456"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Northwestern Turnpike.","Parkersburg (W. 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(2 document cases, 5 in. each)"],"genreform_ssim":["Diaries"],"date_range_isim":[1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Peter Godwin Van Winkle (1808-1872) Papers, A\u0026amp;M 0136, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Peter Godwin Van Winkle (1808-1872) Papers, A\u0026M 0136, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e18, 136, 142\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["18, 136, 142"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_872fd2a406c6f8370535df927e7ba723\"\u003ePersonal papers and scrapbooks of Peter G. Van Winkle (1808-1872), a Parkersburg attorney, delegate to the Constitutional Convention of 1850-1851, member of the Second Wheeling Convention of 1861, delegate to the Constitutional Convention of 1861-1862, legislator from Wood County in 1863, U.S. Senator from 1863-1869, and participant in West Virginia railroad and business enterprises. Includes manuscripts speeches, essays, correspondence, and three scrapbooks of newspaper clippings. Highlights include a manuscript speech on the American Colonization Society, which helped found the colony of Liberia (undated); a letter to the president of the Baltimore \u0026amp; Ohio Railroad Company (March 18, 1836); a draft of \"Address of the Delegates composing the New State Constitutional Convention to their Constituents\" (1863). Other subjects of Van Winkle's writings include the U.S. Constitution, philosophical and religious writings (including the rights and nature of mankind), and Virginia and West Virginia politics. 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Highlights include a manuscript speech on the American Colonization Society, which helped found the colony of Liberia (undated); a letter to the president of the Baltimore \u0026 Ohio Railroad Company (March 18, 1836); a draft of \"Address of the Delegates composing the New State Constitutional Convention to their Constituents\" (1863). Other subjects of Van Winkle's writings include the U.S. Constitution, philosophical and religious writings (including the rights and nature of mankind), and Virginia and West Virginia politics. The scrapbooks are mostly full of clippings, with subjects including the Northwestern Turnpike, politics, and the development of Parkersburg (1827-1902, undated). One of the scrapbooks also includes journal entries (1834-1844)."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_8269e9e840b2c351b1e5d98f970dcd8f\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Colonization Society","Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company","United States. Constitution","West Virginia. Constitutional Convention (1872)","United States. Congress. Senate"],"names_coll_ssim":["American Colonization Society","Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company","United States. Constitution","West Virginia. Constitutional Convention (1872)","United States. Congress. Senate","Van Winkle, P. G. (Peter Godwin), 1808-1872"],"persname_ssim":["Van Winkle, P. G. 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Va.)","West Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","West Virginia -- Politics and government","United States -- Politics and government","Politics and government.","Railroads","Politicians -- United States","Scrapbooks","Diaries","No special access restriction applies.","18, 136, 142","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Personal papers and scrapbooks of Peter G. Van Winkle (1808-1872), a Parkersburg attorney, delegate to the Constitutional Convention of 1850-1851, member of the Second Wheeling Convention of 1861, delegate to the Constitutional Convention of 1861-1862, legislator from Wood County in 1863, U.S. Senator from 1863-1869, and participant in West Virginia railroad and business enterprises. Includes manuscripts speeches, essays, correspondence, and three scrapbooks of newspaper clippings. 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(Peter Godwin), 1808-1872","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Peter Godwin Van Winkle (1808-1872) Papers, 1827/1902"],"collection_ssim":["Peter Godwin Van Winkle (1808-1872) Papers, 1827/1902"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 0136","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2456"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 0136","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2456"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Northwestern Turnpike.","Parkersburg (W. 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For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_872fd2a406c6f8370535df927e7ba723\"\u003ePersonal papers and scrapbooks of Peter G. 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Highlights include a manuscript speech on the American Colonization Society, which helped found the colony of Liberia (undated); a letter to the president of the Baltimore \u0026 Ohio Railroad Company (March 18, 1836); a draft of \"Address of the Delegates composing the New State Constitutional Convention to their Constituents\" (1863). Other subjects of Van Winkle's writings include the U.S. Constitution, philosophical and religious writings (including the rights and nature of mankind), and Virginia and West Virginia politics. The scrapbooks are mostly full of clippings, with subjects including the Northwestern Turnpike, politics, and the development of Parkersburg (1827-1902, undated). One of the scrapbooks also includes journal entries (1834-1844)."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_8269e9e840b2c351b1e5d98f970dcd8f\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. 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Davidson of Lexington, Va., Henry \"Lighthorse Harry\" Lee's life, Lee family genealogy, Anne Lee Marshall's death, the Markoe family of Baltimore, Md.,Edgar Allan Poe, and Washington College (Va.) history including a letter from Cyrus Hall McCormick. The material was found in upstate New York in the mid 20th century and given to Washington and Lee University Archives in 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_939#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_939","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_939","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_939","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_939","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WLU/repositories_5_resources_939.xml","title_ssm":["Schoenbrun Collection of Virginia Historical Manuscripts"],"title_tesim":["Schoenbrun Collection of Virginia Historical Manuscripts"],"unitdate_ssm":["1813-1895"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1813-1895"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1813/1895"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Schoenbrun Collection of Virginia Historical Manuscripts, 1813/1895"],"text":["Schoenbrun Collection of Virginia Historical Manuscripts, 1813/1895","WLU.Coll.0394","/repositories/5/resources/939","Correspondence","Legal documents","John Brown's Raid (Harpers Ferry, West Virginia : 1859)","College Students","Slavery","This collection is available for research use.","View materials from this collection online via W\u0026L's Digital Archive","This collection includes individual or small collections of letters to the Custis, Lee, Davidson, McDowell, Reid, and Hale families. Subjects include the Custis family involvement in the American Colonization Society, John Brown's Raid as recounted by V.M.I. cadet Charles A. Davidson of Lexington, Va., Henry \"Lighthorse Harry\" Lee's life, Lee family genealogy, Anne Lee Marshall's death, the Markoe family of Baltimore, Md.,Edgar Allan Poe, and Washington College (Va.) history including a letter from Cyrus Hall McCormick. The material was found in upstate New York in the mid 20th century and given to Washington and Lee University Archives in 2013.","The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.","Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Washington College (Lexington, Va.)","American Colonization Society","Arlington Mutual Life Insurance Company of Virginia","Universal Life Insurance Company","Washington and Lee University","James River and Kanawha Company (Richmond, Va.)","Davidson family","Poe, Edgar Allan, 1809-1849","Davidson, Mary","Clarke, James A.","Custis, Mary Lee Fitzhugh, 1788-1853","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","Gurley, Ralph Randolph, 1797-1872","Davidson, Charles A. (Charles Andrew)","Davidson, Hannah McClanahan Greenlee, 1812-1889","Wyvill, Edward H., Jr.","Smith, Charles H., M.D.","Lee, Robert E. (Robert Edward), 1807-1870","Davidson, James D. (James Dorman)","Lee, Arthur, 1740-1792","McKim, Randolph H. 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(James Dorman)","Lee, Arthur, 1740-1792","McKim, Randolph H. (Randolph Harrison), 1842-1920","Peabody, George, 1795-1869"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Washington College (Lexington, Va.)","American Colonization Society","Arlington Mutual Life Insurance Company of Virginia","Universal Life Insurance Company","Washington and Lee University","James River and Kanawha Company (Richmond, Va.)"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Davidson family"],"creators_ssim":["Poe, Edgar Allan, 1809-1849","Davidson, Mary","Clarke, James A.","Custis, Mary Lee Fitzhugh, 1788-1853","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","Gurley, Ralph Randolph, 1797-1872","Davidson, Charles A. (Charles Andrew)","Davidson, Hannah McClanahan Greenlee, 1812-1889","Wyvill, Edward H., Jr.","Smith, Charles H., M.D.","Lee, Robert E. (Robert Edward), 1807-1870","Davidson, James D. (James Dorman)","Lee, Arthur, 1740-1792","McKim, Randolph H. (Randolph Harrison), 1842-1920","Peabody, George, 1795-1869","Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Washington College (Lexington, Va.)","American Colonization Society","Arlington Mutual Life Insurance Company of Virginia","Universal Life Insurance Company","Washington and Lee University","James River and Kanawha Company (Richmond, Va.)","Davidson family"],"access_terms_ssm":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Correspondence","Legal documents","John Brown's Raid (Harpers Ferry, West Virginia : 1859)","College Students","Slavery"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Correspondence","Legal documents","John Brown's Raid (Harpers Ferry, West Virginia : 1859)","College Students","Slavery"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["1 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is available for research use.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is available for research use."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://repository.wlu.edu/handle/11021/30934\"\u003eView materials from this collection online via W\u0026amp;L's Digital Archive\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Online Access"],"altformavail_tesim":["View materials from this collection online via W\u0026L's Digital Archive"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Schoenbrun Collection, WLU Coll. 0394, Special Collections and Archives, James G. Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VAIn some cases the citation format may vary. Please contact Special Collections' staff to verify the appropriate format.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Schoenbrun Collection, WLU Coll. 0394, Special Collections and Archives, James G. Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VAIn some cases the citation format may vary. Please contact Special Collections' staff to verify the appropriate format."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes individual or small collections of letters to the Custis, Lee, Davidson, McDowell, Reid, and Hale families. Subjects include the Custis family involvement in the American Colonization Society, John Brown's Raid as recounted by V.M.I. cadet Charles A. Davidson of Lexington, Va., Henry \"Lighthorse Harry\" Lee's life, Lee family genealogy, Anne Lee Marshall's death, the Markoe family of Baltimore, Md.,Edgar Allan Poe, and Washington College (Va.) history including a letter from Cyrus Hall McCormick. The material was found in upstate New York in the mid 20th century and given to Washington and Lee University Archives in 2013.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection includes individual or small collections of letters to the Custis, Lee, Davidson, McDowell, Reid, and Hale families. Subjects include the Custis family involvement in the American Colonization Society, John Brown's Raid as recounted by V.M.I. cadet Charles A. Davidson of Lexington, Va., Henry \"Lighthorse Harry\" Lee's life, Lee family genealogy, Anne Lee Marshall's death, the Markoe family of Baltimore, Md.,Edgar Allan Poe, and Washington College (Va.) history including a letter from Cyrus Hall McCormick. The material was found in upstate New York in the mid 20th century and given to Washington and Lee University Archives in 2013."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Washington College (Lexington, Va.)","American Colonization Society","Arlington Mutual Life Insurance Company of Virginia","Universal Life Insurance Company","Washington and Lee University","James River and Kanawha Company (Richmond, Va.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Washington College (Lexington, Va.)"],"famname_ssim":["Davidson family"],"persname_ssim":["Poe, Edgar Allan, 1809-1849","Davidson, Mary","Clarke, James A.","Custis, Mary Lee Fitzhugh, 1788-1853","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","Gurley, Ralph Randolph, 1797-1872","Davidson, Charles A. (Charles Andrew)","Davidson, Hannah McClanahan Greenlee, 1812-1889","Wyvill, Edward H., Jr.","Smith, Charles H., M.D.","Lee, Robert E. (Robert Edward), 1807-1870","Davidson, James D. (James Dorman)","Lee, Arthur, 1740-1792","McKim, Randolph H. (Randolph Harrison), 1842-1920","Peabody, George, 1795-1869"],"names_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Washington College (Lexington, Va.)","American Colonization Society","Arlington Mutual Life Insurance Company of Virginia","Universal Life Insurance Company","Washington and Lee University","James River and Kanawha Company (Richmond, Va.)","Davidson family","Poe, Edgar Allan, 1809-1849","Davidson, Mary","Clarke, James A.","Custis, Mary Lee Fitzhugh, 1788-1853","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","Gurley, Ralph Randolph, 1797-1872","Davidson, Charles A. (Charles Andrew)","Davidson, Hannah McClanahan Greenlee, 1812-1889","Wyvill, Edward H., Jr.","Smith, Charles H., M.D.","Lee, Robert E. (Robert Edward), 1807-1870","Davidson, James D. (James Dorman)","Lee, Arthur, 1740-1792","McKim, Randolph H. (Randolph Harrison), 1842-1920","Peabody, George, 1795-1869"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":42,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:25:01.007Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_939","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_939","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_939","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_939","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WLU/repositories_5_resources_939.xml","title_ssm":["Schoenbrun Collection of Virginia Historical Manuscripts"],"title_tesim":["Schoenbrun Collection of Virginia Historical Manuscripts"],"unitdate_ssm":["1813-1895"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1813-1895"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1813/1895"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Schoenbrun Collection of Virginia Historical Manuscripts, 1813/1895"],"text":["Schoenbrun Collection of Virginia Historical Manuscripts, 1813/1895","WLU.Coll.0394","/repositories/5/resources/939","Correspondence","Legal documents","John Brown's Raid (Harpers Ferry, West Virginia : 1859)","College Students","Slavery","This collection is available for research use.","View materials from this collection online via W\u0026L's Digital Archive","This collection includes individual or small collections of letters to the Custis, Lee, Davidson, McDowell, Reid, and Hale families. Subjects include the Custis family involvement in the American Colonization Society, John Brown's Raid as recounted by V.M.I. cadet Charles A. Davidson of Lexington, Va., Henry \"Lighthorse Harry\" Lee's life, Lee family genealogy, Anne Lee Marshall's death, the Markoe family of Baltimore, Md.,Edgar Allan Poe, and Washington College (Va.) history including a letter from Cyrus Hall McCormick. The material was found in upstate New York in the mid 20th century and given to Washington and Lee University Archives in 2013.","The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.","Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Washington College (Lexington, Va.)","American Colonization Society","Arlington Mutual Life Insurance Company of Virginia","Universal Life Insurance Company","Washington and Lee University","James River and Kanawha Company (Richmond, Va.)","Davidson family","Poe, Edgar Allan, 1809-1849","Davidson, Mary","Clarke, James A.","Custis, Mary Lee Fitzhugh, 1788-1853","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","Gurley, Ralph Randolph, 1797-1872","Davidson, Charles A. (Charles Andrew)","Davidson, Hannah McClanahan Greenlee, 1812-1889","Wyvill, Edward H., Jr.","Smith, Charles H., M.D.","Lee, Robert E. (Robert Edward), 1807-1870","Davidson, James D. (James Dorman)","Lee, Arthur, 1740-1792","McKim, Randolph H. 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(James Dorman)","Lee, Arthur, 1740-1792","McKim, Randolph H. (Randolph Harrison), 1842-1920","Peabody, George, 1795-1869"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Washington College (Lexington, Va.)","American Colonization Society","Arlington Mutual Life Insurance Company of Virginia","Universal Life Insurance Company","Washington and Lee University","James River and Kanawha Company (Richmond, Va.)"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Davidson family"],"creators_ssim":["Poe, Edgar Allan, 1809-1849","Davidson, Mary","Clarke, James A.","Custis, Mary Lee Fitzhugh, 1788-1853","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","Gurley, Ralph Randolph, 1797-1872","Davidson, Charles A. (Charles Andrew)","Davidson, Hannah McClanahan Greenlee, 1812-1889","Wyvill, Edward H., Jr.","Smith, Charles H., M.D.","Lee, Robert E. (Robert Edward), 1807-1870","Davidson, James D. (James Dorman)","Lee, Arthur, 1740-1792","McKim, Randolph H. 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Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Correspondence","Legal documents","John Brown's Raid (Harpers Ferry, West Virginia : 1859)","College Students","Slavery"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Correspondence","Legal documents","John Brown's Raid (Harpers Ferry, West Virginia : 1859)","College Students","Slavery"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["1 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is available for research use.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is available for research use."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://repository.wlu.edu/handle/11021/30934\"\u003eView materials from this collection online via W\u0026amp;L's Digital Archive\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Online Access"],"altformavail_tesim":["View materials from this collection online via W\u0026L's Digital Archive"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Schoenbrun Collection, WLU Coll. 0394, Special Collections and Archives, James G. Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VAIn some cases the citation format may vary. Please contact Special Collections' staff to verify the appropriate format.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Schoenbrun Collection, WLU Coll. 0394, Special Collections and Archives, James G. Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VAIn some cases the citation format may vary. Please contact Special Collections' staff to verify the appropriate format."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes individual or small collections of letters to the Custis, Lee, Davidson, McDowell, Reid, and Hale families. Subjects include the Custis family involvement in the American Colonization Society, John Brown's Raid as recounted by V.M.I. cadet Charles A. Davidson of Lexington, Va., Henry \"Lighthorse Harry\" Lee's life, Lee family genealogy, Anne Lee Marshall's death, the Markoe family of Baltimore, Md.,Edgar Allan Poe, and Washington College (Va.) history including a letter from Cyrus Hall McCormick. The material was found in upstate New York in the mid 20th century and given to Washington and Lee University Archives in 2013.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection includes individual or small collections of letters to the Custis, Lee, Davidson, McDowell, Reid, and Hale families. Subjects include the Custis family involvement in the American Colonization Society, John Brown's Raid as recounted by V.M.I. cadet Charles A. Davidson of Lexington, Va., Henry \"Lighthorse Harry\" Lee's life, Lee family genealogy, Anne Lee Marshall's death, the Markoe family of Baltimore, Md.,Edgar Allan Poe, and Washington College (Va.) history including a letter from Cyrus Hall McCormick. The material was found in upstate New York in the mid 20th century and given to Washington and Lee University Archives in 2013."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Washington College (Lexington, Va.)","American Colonization Society","Arlington Mutual Life Insurance Company of Virginia","Universal Life Insurance Company","Washington and Lee University","James River and Kanawha Company (Richmond, Va.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Washington College (Lexington, Va.)"],"famname_ssim":["Davidson family"],"persname_ssim":["Poe, Edgar Allan, 1809-1849","Davidson, Mary","Clarke, James A.","Custis, Mary Lee Fitzhugh, 1788-1853","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","Gurley, Ralph Randolph, 1797-1872","Davidson, Charles A. (Charles Andrew)","Davidson, Hannah McClanahan Greenlee, 1812-1889","Wyvill, Edward H., Jr.","Smith, Charles H., M.D.","Lee, Robert E. (Robert Edward), 1807-1870","Davidson, James D. (James Dorman)","Lee, Arthur, 1740-1792","McKim, Randolph H. (Randolph Harrison), 1842-1920","Peabody, George, 1795-1869"],"names_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Washington College (Lexington, Va.)","American Colonization Society","Arlington Mutual Life Insurance Company of Virginia","Universal Life Insurance Company","Washington and Lee University","James River and Kanawha Company (Richmond, Va.)","Davidson family","Poe, Edgar Allan, 1809-1849","Davidson, Mary","Clarke, James A.","Custis, Mary Lee Fitzhugh, 1788-1853","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","Gurley, Ralph Randolph, 1797-1872","Davidson, Charles A. (Charles Andrew)","Davidson, Hannah McClanahan Greenlee, 1812-1889","Wyvill, Edward H., Jr.","Smith, Charles H., M.D.","Lee, Robert E. (Robert Edward), 1807-1870","Davidson, James D. (James Dorman)","Lee, Arthur, 1740-1792","McKim, Randolph H. (Randolph Harrison), 1842-1920","Peabody, George, 1795-1869"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":42,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:25:01.007Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_939"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4728","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Woodbridge Mercantile Company Records, 1743/1882","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4728#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Woodbridge Mercantile Company","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4728#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Letter and account books, clipping scrapbooks, and miscellaneous family papers of a pioneer, Ohio Valley, general merchandise firm founded by Dudley Woodbridge, Sr., at Marietta, Ohio, and operating under various names for a period of more than sixty years. The collection also includes the account books of Daniel, Richard, and John Greene, 1808-1844; account books of F.B. Loomis, 1842-1844; a medicinal formulary book; the estate records of John Brody; records of a pension and bounty land claims agency operated by George M. Woodbridge, 1861-1864; and justice of the peace accounts, 1832-1863. Subjects include the development of river markets, transportation, and the livestock industry in the early Ohio Valley; fur trade and commerce with England and Europe; the Marietta and Susquehanna Trading Company; Kanawha and Sciota salt works; Ohio Company lands; Woodbridge-Harman Blennerhassett partnership; ginseng trade; Wheeling Cotton Manufacturing Company; ropewalk and shipbuilding in Marietta; military land warrants; estate of George Morgan; career of William Woodbridge, United States senator and governor of Michigan; pioneer education; Meadville Seminary; Ohio University; Miami University; Marietta Collegiate Institute; Belpre, Ohio; American Catholic missions; early history of Marietta; the American Colonization Society; Washington County Colonization Society; churches; Washington County Tract Society; recruiting in Marietta during the Civil War; impact of the War of 1812 on westward migration and labor; and Woodbridge family affairs. Letters are addressed to merchants in London, France, New York, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Charleston (West Virginia), Lexington and Louisville (Kentucky), Cincinnati, St. Louis, New Orleans, Washington, Detroit, and Baltimore. Correspondents include Lewis Cass, Philip Doddridge, and Benjamin Reeder.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4728#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4728","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4728","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4728","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4728","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_4728.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/198319","title_ssm":["Woodbridge Mercantile Company Records"],"title_tesim":["Woodbridge Mercantile Company Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1743-1882"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1743-1882"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1743/1882"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Woodbridge Mercantile Company Records, 1743/1882"],"text":["Woodbridge Mercantile Company Records, 1743/1882","A\u0026M 1455","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4728","Baltimore (Md.)","Charleston.","Cincinnati (Ohio)","Detroit (Mich.)","England","Europe","France","Kanawha.","Lexington (Ky.)","London (England)","Louisville (Ky.)","Marietta (Ohio)","Michigan","New Orleans (La.)","New York (State)","Ohio River Valley","Philadelphia (Pa.)","Pittsburgh (Pa.)","Saint Louis (Mo.)","Scioto River (Ohio)","Washington (D.C.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- War of 1812","American ginseng","Account books","Livestock","Churches  -- Roman Catholic, American missions","Churches  -- Roman Catholic","Church buildings","Drugs and druggists.","Education","Education. SEE ALSO Schools.","Fur trade","General stores","Justices of the peace","Labor organization. SEE ALSO Coal mining - labor","Medicine. SEE ALSO Folk medicine.","Missionaries","Frontier and pioneer life","Politics and government.","Rivers and river valleys.","Salt industry and trade","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Slaves and slavery.","Transportation","Unions.","Universities and colleges","No special access restriction applies.","These are the records of the Woodbridge Mercantile Company and related businesses operated in Marietta, Ohio from the years 1743 to 1882. Woodbridge began the business, which included trade up and down the Ohio River from Pittsburgh and Philadelphia to Kentucky and points in between. George M. Woodbridge's business dealt in real estate, and so indicates the growth of the area west of Marietta. The growth of river trade and the types of goods traded are described extensively in the collection. Other topics include aspects of life in the early nineteenth century Ohio River Valley, real estate, and other business concerns. Prominent names in the collection include D. Woodbridge, George M. Woodbridge, and Harmon Blennerhasset.","Subjects found in collection:","Ships and shipbuilding – Volumes 1, 6, 8, 14, 31, 37, 53, 132","Transportation of goods, overland and by river (Ohio and Muskingum) – Volumes 1, 2, 4, 5, 9, 123, 124","Harmon Blennerhasset and Blennerhasset Island – Volumes 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 19, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25","Land values and transaction of land – Volumes 56, 79, 81, 89, 131","Bank of Marietta – Volumes 2, 6, 9, 98","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Letter and account books, clipping scrapbooks, and miscellaneous family papers of a pioneer, Ohio Valley, general merchandise firm founded by Dudley Woodbridge, Sr., at Marietta, Ohio, and operating under various names for a period of more than sixty years. The collection also includes the account books of Daniel, Richard, and John Greene, 1808-1844; account books of F.B. Loomis, 1842-1844; a medicinal formulary book; the estate records of John Brody; records of a pension and bounty land claims agency operated by George M. Woodbridge, 1861-1864; and justice of the peace accounts, 1832-1863. Subjects include the development of river markets, transportation, and the livestock industry in the early Ohio Valley; fur trade and commerce with England and Europe; the Marietta and Susquehanna Trading Company; Kanawha and Sciota salt works; Ohio Company lands; Woodbridge-Harman Blennerhassett partnership; ginseng trade; Wheeling Cotton Manufacturing Company; ropewalk and shipbuilding in Marietta; military land warrants; estate of George Morgan; career of William Woodbridge, United States senator and governor of Michigan; pioneer education; Meadville Seminary; Ohio University; Miami University; Marietta Collegiate Institute; Belpre, Ohio; American Catholic missions; early history of Marietta; the American Colonization Society; Washington County Colonization Society; churches; Washington County Tract Society; recruiting in Marietta during the Civil War; impact of the War of 1812 on westward migration and labor; and Woodbridge family affairs. Letters are addressed to merchants in London, France, New York, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Charleston (West Virginia), Lexington and Louisville (Kentucky), Cincinnati, St. Louis, New Orleans, Washington, Detroit, and Baltimore. Correspondents include Lewis Cass, Philip Doddridge, and Benjamin Reeder.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Woodbridge Mercantile Company","American Colonization Society","Marietta and Susquehanna Trading Company","Marietta Collegiate Institute and Western Teachers' Seminary","Meadville Seminary","Miami University (Oxford, Ohio)","Ohio Company.","Ohio University","United States. Congress. Senate","Washington County Colonization Society","Washington County Tract Society","Wheeling Cotton Manufacturing Company","Woodbridge-Blennerhassett.","Brody, John.","Cass, Lewis.","Doddridge, Philip, 1773-1832","Greene, Daniel.","Greene, John.","Greene, Richard.","Loomis, F.B.","Morgan, George","Reeder, Benjamin.","Woodbridge, Dudley, Sr.","Woodbridge, George M.","Woodbridge, William.","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Woodbridge Mercantile Company Records, 1743/1882"],"collection_ssim":["Woodbridge Mercantile Company Records, 1743/1882"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 1455","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4728"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 1455","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4728"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Baltimore (Md.)","Charleston.","Cincinnati (Ohio)","Detroit (Mich.)","England","Europe","France","Kanawha.","Lexington (Ky.)","London (England)","Louisville (Ky.)","Marietta (Ohio)","Michigan","New Orleans (La.)","New York (State)","Ohio River Valley","Philadelphia (Pa.)","Pittsburgh (Pa.)","Saint Louis (Mo.)","Scioto River (Ohio)","Washington (D.C.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- War of 1812"],"geogname_ssim":["Baltimore (Md.)","Charleston.","Cincinnati (Ohio)","Detroit (Mich.)","England","Europe","France","Kanawha.","Lexington (Ky.)","London (England)","Louisville (Ky.)","Marietta (Ohio)","Michigan","New Orleans (La.)","New York (State)","Ohio River Valley","Philadelphia (Pa.)","Pittsburgh (Pa.)","Saint Louis (Mo.)","Scioto River (Ohio)","Washington (D.C.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- War of 1812"],"places_ssim":["Baltimore (Md.)","Charleston.","Cincinnati (Ohio)","Detroit (Mich.)","England","Europe","France","Kanawha.","Lexington (Ky.)","London (England)","Louisville (Ky.)","Marietta (Ohio)","Michigan","New Orleans (La.)","New York (State)","Ohio River Valley","Philadelphia (Pa.)","Pittsburgh (Pa.)","Saint Louis (Mo.)","Scioto River (Ohio)","Washington (D.C.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- War of 1812"],"creator_ssm":["Woodbridge Mercantile Company"],"creator_ssim":["Woodbridge Mercantile Company"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Brody, John.","Cass, Lewis.","Doddridge, Philip, 1773-1832","Greene, Daniel.","Greene, John.","Greene, Richard.","Loomis, F.B.","Morgan, George","Reeder, Benjamin.","Woodbridge, Dudley, Sr.","Woodbridge, George M.","Woodbridge, William."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Woodbridge Mercantile Company","American Colonization Society","Marietta and Susquehanna Trading Company","Marietta Collegiate Institute and Western Teachers' Seminary","Meadville Seminary","Miami University (Oxford, Ohio)","Ohio Company.","Ohio University","United States. Congress. Senate","Washington County Colonization Society","Washington County Tract Society","Wheeling Cotton Manufacturing Company","Woodbridge-Blennerhassett."],"creators_ssim":["Brody, John.","Cass, Lewis.","Doddridge, Philip, 1773-1832","Greene, Daniel.","Greene, John.","Greene, Richard.","Loomis, F.B.","Morgan, George","Reeder, Benjamin.","Woodbridge, Dudley, Sr.","Woodbridge, George M.","Woodbridge, William.","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Woodbridge Mercantile Company","American Colonization Society","Marietta and Susquehanna Trading Company","Marietta Collegiate Institute and Western Teachers' Seminary","Meadville Seminary","Miami University (Oxford, Ohio)","Ohio Company.","Ohio University","United States. Congress. Senate","Washington County Colonization Society","Washington County Tract Society","Wheeling Cotton Manufacturing Company","Woodbridge-Blennerhassett."],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["American ginseng","Account books","Livestock","Churches  -- Roman Catholic, American missions","Churches  -- Roman Catholic","Church buildings","Drugs and druggists.","Education","Education. SEE ALSO Schools.","Fur trade","General stores","Justices of the peace","Labor organization. SEE ALSO Coal mining - labor","Medicine. SEE ALSO Folk medicine.","Missionaries","Frontier and pioneer life","Politics and government.","Rivers and river valleys.","Salt industry and trade","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Slaves and slavery.","Transportation","Unions.","Universities and colleges"],"access_subjects_ssm":["American ginseng","Account books","Livestock","Churches  -- Roman Catholic, American missions","Churches  -- Roman Catholic","Church buildings","Drugs and druggists.","Education","Education. SEE ALSO Schools.","Fur trade","General stores","Justices of the peace","Labor organization. SEE ALSO Coal mining - labor","Medicine. SEE ALSO Folk medicine.","Missionaries","Frontier and pioneer life","Politics and government.","Rivers and river valleys.","Salt industry and trade","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Slaves and slavery.","Transportation","Unions.","Universities and colleges"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["11.10 Linear Feet Summary: 11 ft. 1 1/4 in. (21 document cases, 5 in. each); (3 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (4 small flat storage boxes, 3 1/2 in. each); (1 small flat storage box, 5 in.); (1 reel of microfilm, 1.75 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["11.10 Linear Feet Summary: 11 ft. 1 1/4 in. (21 document cases, 5 in. each); (3 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (4 small flat storage boxes, 3 1/2 in. each); (1 small flat storage box, 5 in.); (1 reel of microfilm, 1.75 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Woodbridge Mercantile Company Records, A\u0026amp;M 1455, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Woodbridge Mercantile Company Records, A\u0026M 1455, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThese are the records of the Woodbridge Mercantile Company and related businesses operated in Marietta, Ohio from the years 1743 to 1882. Woodbridge began the business, which included trade up and down the Ohio River from Pittsburgh and Philadelphia to Kentucky and points in between. George M. Woodbridge's business dealt in real estate, and so indicates the growth of the area west of Marietta. The growth of river trade and the types of goods traded are described extensively in the collection. Other topics include aspects of life in the early nineteenth century Ohio River Valley, real estate, and other business concerns. Prominent names in the collection include D. Woodbridge, George M. Woodbridge, and Harmon Blennerhasset.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects found in collection:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShips and shipbuilding – Volumes 1, 6, 8, 14, 31, 37, 53, 132\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTransportation of goods, overland and by river (Ohio and Muskingum) – Volumes 1, 2, 4, 5, 9, 123, 124\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarmon Blennerhasset and Blennerhasset Island – Volumes 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 19, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLand values and transaction of land – Volumes 56, 79, 81, 89, 131\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBank of Marietta – Volumes 2, 6, 9, 98\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["These are the records of the Woodbridge Mercantile Company and related businesses operated in Marietta, Ohio from the years 1743 to 1882. Woodbridge began the business, which included trade up and down the Ohio River from Pittsburgh and Philadelphia to Kentucky and points in between. George M. Woodbridge's business dealt in real estate, and so indicates the growth of the area west of Marietta. The growth of river trade and the types of goods traded are described extensively in the collection. Other topics include aspects of life in the early nineteenth century Ohio River Valley, real estate, and other business concerns. Prominent names in the collection include D. Woodbridge, George M. Woodbridge, and Harmon Blennerhasset.","Subjects found in collection:","Ships and shipbuilding – Volumes 1, 6, 8, 14, 31, 37, 53, 132","Transportation of goods, overland and by river (Ohio and Muskingum) – Volumes 1, 2, 4, 5, 9, 123, 124","Harmon Blennerhasset and Blennerhasset Island – Volumes 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 19, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25","Land values and transaction of land – Volumes 56, 79, 81, 89, 131","Bank of Marietta – Volumes 2, 6, 9, 98"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_dbebcc5ffb758c18356de41c3aa65840\"\u003eLetter and account books, clipping scrapbooks, and miscellaneous family papers of a pioneer, Ohio Valley, general merchandise firm founded by Dudley Woodbridge, Sr., at Marietta, Ohio, and operating under various names for a period of more than sixty years. The collection also includes the account books of Daniel, Richard, and John Greene, 1808-1844; account books of F.B. Loomis, 1842-1844; a medicinal formulary book; the estate records of John Brody; records of a pension and bounty land claims agency operated by George M. Woodbridge, 1861-1864; and justice of the peace accounts, 1832-1863. Subjects include the development of river markets, transportation, and the livestock industry in the early Ohio Valley; fur trade and commerce with England and Europe; the Marietta and Susquehanna Trading Company; Kanawha and Sciota salt works; Ohio Company lands; Woodbridge-Harman Blennerhassett partnership; ginseng trade; Wheeling Cotton Manufacturing Company; ropewalk and shipbuilding in Marietta; military land warrants; estate of George Morgan; career of William Woodbridge, United States senator and governor of Michigan; pioneer education; Meadville Seminary; Ohio University; Miami University; Marietta Collegiate Institute; Belpre, Ohio; American Catholic missions; early history of Marietta; the American Colonization Society; Washington County Colonization Society; churches; Washington County Tract Society; recruiting in Marietta during the Civil War; impact of the War of 1812 on westward migration and labor; and Woodbridge family affairs. Letters are addressed to merchants in London, France, New York, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Charleston (West Virginia), Lexington and Louisville (Kentucky), Cincinnati, St. Louis, New Orleans, Washington, Detroit, and Baltimore. Correspondents include Lewis Cass, Philip Doddridge, and Benjamin Reeder.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Letter and account books, clipping scrapbooks, and miscellaneous family papers of a pioneer, Ohio Valley, general merchandise firm founded by Dudley Woodbridge, Sr., at Marietta, Ohio, and operating under various names for a period of more than sixty years. The collection also includes the account books of Daniel, Richard, and John Greene, 1808-1844; account books of F.B. Loomis, 1842-1844; a medicinal formulary book; the estate records of John Brody; records of a pension and bounty land claims agency operated by George M. Woodbridge, 1861-1864; and justice of the peace accounts, 1832-1863. Subjects include the development of river markets, transportation, and the livestock industry in the early Ohio Valley; fur trade and commerce with England and Europe; the Marietta and Susquehanna Trading Company; Kanawha and Sciota salt works; Ohio Company lands; Woodbridge-Harman Blennerhassett partnership; ginseng trade; Wheeling Cotton Manufacturing Company; ropewalk and shipbuilding in Marietta; military land warrants; estate of George Morgan; career of William Woodbridge, United States senator and governor of Michigan; pioneer education; Meadville Seminary; Ohio University; Miami University; Marietta Collegiate Institute; Belpre, Ohio; American Catholic missions; early history of Marietta; the American Colonization Society; Washington County Colonization Society; churches; Washington County Tract Society; recruiting in Marietta during the Civil War; impact of the War of 1812 on westward migration and labor; and Woodbridge family affairs. Letters are addressed to merchants in London, France, New York, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Charleston (West Virginia), Lexington and Louisville (Kentucky), Cincinnati, St. Louis, New Orleans, Washington, Detroit, and Baltimore. Correspondents include Lewis Cass, Philip Doddridge, and Benjamin Reeder."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_97a19b48b0865b933e413ce17c6b47ab\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Woodbridge Mercantile Company","American Colonization Society","Marietta and Susquehanna Trading Company","Marietta Collegiate Institute and Western Teachers' Seminary","Meadville Seminary","Miami University (Oxford, Ohio)","Ohio Company.","Ohio University","United States. Congress. Senate","Washington County Colonization Society","Washington County Tract Society","Wheeling Cotton Manufacturing Company","Woodbridge-Blennerhassett."],"names_coll_ssim":["American Colonization Society","Marietta and Susquehanna Trading Company","Marietta Collegiate Institute and Western Teachers' Seminary","Meadville Seminary","Miami University (Oxford, Ohio)","Ohio Company.","Ohio University","United States. Congress. Senate","Washington County Colonization Society","Washington County Tract Society","Wheeling Cotton Manufacturing Company","Woodbridge Mercantile Company","Woodbridge-Blennerhassett.","Brody, John.","Cass, Lewis.","Doddridge, Philip, 1773-1832","Greene, Daniel.","Greene, John.","Greene, Richard.","Loomis, F.B.","Morgan, George","Reeder, Benjamin.","Woodbridge, Dudley, Sr.","Woodbridge, George M.","Woodbridge, William."],"persname_ssim":["Brody, John.","Cass, Lewis.","Doddridge, Philip, 1773-1832","Greene, Daniel.","Greene, John.","Greene, Richard.","Loomis, F.B.","Morgan, George","Reeder, Benjamin.","Woodbridge, Dudley, Sr.","Woodbridge, George M.","Woodbridge, William."],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Woodbridge Mercantile Company","American Colonization Society","Marietta and Susquehanna Trading Company","Marietta Collegiate Institute and Western Teachers' Seminary","Meadville Seminary","Miami University (Oxford, Ohio)","Ohio Company.","Ohio University","United States. Congress. Senate","Washington County Colonization Society","Washington County Tract Society","Wheeling Cotton Manufacturing Company","Woodbridge-Blennerhassett.","Brody, John.","Cass, Lewis.","Doddridge, Philip, 1773-1832","Greene, Daniel.","Greene, John.","Greene, Richard.","Loomis, F.B.","Morgan, George","Reeder, Benjamin.","Woodbridge, Dudley, Sr.","Woodbridge, George M.","Woodbridge, William."],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":150,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:57:54.405Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4728","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4728","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4728","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4728","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_4728.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/198319","title_ssm":["Woodbridge Mercantile Company Records"],"title_tesim":["Woodbridge Mercantile Company Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1743-1882"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1743-1882"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1743/1882"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Woodbridge Mercantile Company Records, 1743/1882"],"text":["Woodbridge Mercantile Company Records, 1743/1882","A\u0026M 1455","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4728","Baltimore (Md.)","Charleston.","Cincinnati (Ohio)","Detroit (Mich.)","England","Europe","France","Kanawha.","Lexington (Ky.)","London (England)","Louisville (Ky.)","Marietta (Ohio)","Michigan","New Orleans (La.)","New York (State)","Ohio River Valley","Philadelphia (Pa.)","Pittsburgh (Pa.)","Saint Louis (Mo.)","Scioto River (Ohio)","Washington (D.C.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- War of 1812","American ginseng","Account books","Livestock","Churches  -- Roman Catholic, American missions","Churches  -- Roman Catholic","Church buildings","Drugs and druggists.","Education","Education. SEE ALSO Schools.","Fur trade","General stores","Justices of the peace","Labor organization. SEE ALSO Coal mining - labor","Medicine. SEE ALSO Folk medicine.","Missionaries","Frontier and pioneer life","Politics and government.","Rivers and river valleys.","Salt industry and trade","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Slaves and slavery.","Transportation","Unions.","Universities and colleges","No special access restriction applies.","These are the records of the Woodbridge Mercantile Company and related businesses operated in Marietta, Ohio from the years 1743 to 1882. Woodbridge began the business, which included trade up and down the Ohio River from Pittsburgh and Philadelphia to Kentucky and points in between. George M. Woodbridge's business dealt in real estate, and so indicates the growth of the area west of Marietta. The growth of river trade and the types of goods traded are described extensively in the collection. Other topics include aspects of life in the early nineteenth century Ohio River Valley, real estate, and other business concerns. Prominent names in the collection include D. Woodbridge, George M. Woodbridge, and Harmon Blennerhasset.","Subjects found in collection:","Ships and shipbuilding – Volumes 1, 6, 8, 14, 31, 37, 53, 132","Transportation of goods, overland and by river (Ohio and Muskingum) – Volumes 1, 2, 4, 5, 9, 123, 124","Harmon Blennerhasset and Blennerhasset Island – Volumes 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 19, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25","Land values and transaction of land – Volumes 56, 79, 81, 89, 131","Bank of Marietta – Volumes 2, 6, 9, 98","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Letter and account books, clipping scrapbooks, and miscellaneous family papers of a pioneer, Ohio Valley, general merchandise firm founded by Dudley Woodbridge, Sr., at Marietta, Ohio, and operating under various names for a period of more than sixty years. The collection also includes the account books of Daniel, Richard, and John Greene, 1808-1844; account books of F.B. Loomis, 1842-1844; a medicinal formulary book; the estate records of John Brody; records of a pension and bounty land claims agency operated by George M. Woodbridge, 1861-1864; and justice of the peace accounts, 1832-1863. Subjects include the development of river markets, transportation, and the livestock industry in the early Ohio Valley; fur trade and commerce with England and Europe; the Marietta and Susquehanna Trading Company; Kanawha and Sciota salt works; Ohio Company lands; Woodbridge-Harman Blennerhassett partnership; ginseng trade; Wheeling Cotton Manufacturing Company; ropewalk and shipbuilding in Marietta; military land warrants; estate of George Morgan; career of William Woodbridge, United States senator and governor of Michigan; pioneer education; Meadville Seminary; Ohio University; Miami University; Marietta Collegiate Institute; Belpre, Ohio; American Catholic missions; early history of Marietta; the American Colonization Society; Washington County Colonization Society; churches; Washington County Tract Society; recruiting in Marietta during the Civil War; impact of the War of 1812 on westward migration and labor; and Woodbridge family affairs. Letters are addressed to merchants in London, France, New York, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Charleston (West Virginia), Lexington and Louisville (Kentucky), Cincinnati, St. Louis, New Orleans, Washington, Detroit, and Baltimore. Correspondents include Lewis Cass, Philip Doddridge, and Benjamin Reeder.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Woodbridge Mercantile Company","American Colonization Society","Marietta and Susquehanna Trading Company","Marietta Collegiate Institute and Western Teachers' Seminary","Meadville Seminary","Miami University (Oxford, Ohio)","Ohio Company.","Ohio University","United States. Congress. Senate","Washington County Colonization Society","Washington County Tract Society","Wheeling Cotton Manufacturing Company","Woodbridge-Blennerhassett.","Brody, John.","Cass, Lewis.","Doddridge, Philip, 1773-1832","Greene, Daniel.","Greene, John.","Greene, Richard.","Loomis, F.B.","Morgan, George","Reeder, Benjamin.","Woodbridge, Dudley, Sr.","Woodbridge, George M.","Woodbridge, William.","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Woodbridge Mercantile Company Records, 1743/1882"],"collection_ssim":["Woodbridge Mercantile Company Records, 1743/1882"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 1455","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4728"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 1455","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4728"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Baltimore (Md.)","Charleston.","Cincinnati (Ohio)","Detroit (Mich.)","England","Europe","France","Kanawha.","Lexington (Ky.)","London (England)","Louisville (Ky.)","Marietta (Ohio)","Michigan","New Orleans (La.)","New York (State)","Ohio River Valley","Philadelphia (Pa.)","Pittsburgh (Pa.)","Saint Louis (Mo.)","Scioto River (Ohio)","Washington (D.C.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- War of 1812"],"geogname_ssim":["Baltimore (Md.)","Charleston.","Cincinnati (Ohio)","Detroit (Mich.)","England","Europe","France","Kanawha.","Lexington (Ky.)","London (England)","Louisville (Ky.)","Marietta (Ohio)","Michigan","New Orleans (La.)","New York (State)","Ohio River Valley","Philadelphia (Pa.)","Pittsburgh (Pa.)","Saint Louis (Mo.)","Scioto River (Ohio)","Washington (D.C.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- War of 1812"],"places_ssim":["Baltimore (Md.)","Charleston.","Cincinnati (Ohio)","Detroit (Mich.)","England","Europe","France","Kanawha.","Lexington (Ky.)","London (England)","Louisville (Ky.)","Marietta (Ohio)","Michigan","New Orleans (La.)","New York (State)","Ohio River Valley","Philadelphia (Pa.)","Pittsburgh (Pa.)","Saint Louis (Mo.)","Scioto River (Ohio)","Washington (D.C.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- War of 1812"],"creator_ssm":["Woodbridge Mercantile Company"],"creator_ssim":["Woodbridge Mercantile Company"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Brody, John.","Cass, Lewis.","Doddridge, Philip, 1773-1832","Greene, Daniel.","Greene, John.","Greene, Richard.","Loomis, F.B.","Morgan, George","Reeder, Benjamin.","Woodbridge, Dudley, Sr.","Woodbridge, George M.","Woodbridge, William."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Woodbridge Mercantile Company","American Colonization Society","Marietta and Susquehanna Trading Company","Marietta Collegiate Institute and Western Teachers' Seminary","Meadville Seminary","Miami University (Oxford, Ohio)","Ohio Company.","Ohio University","United States. Congress. Senate","Washington County Colonization Society","Washington County Tract Society","Wheeling Cotton Manufacturing Company","Woodbridge-Blennerhassett."],"creators_ssim":["Brody, John.","Cass, Lewis.","Doddridge, Philip, 1773-1832","Greene, Daniel.","Greene, John.","Greene, Richard.","Loomis, F.B.","Morgan, George","Reeder, Benjamin.","Woodbridge, Dudley, Sr.","Woodbridge, George M.","Woodbridge, William.","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Woodbridge Mercantile Company","American Colonization Society","Marietta and Susquehanna Trading Company","Marietta Collegiate Institute and Western Teachers' Seminary","Meadville Seminary","Miami University (Oxford, Ohio)","Ohio Company.","Ohio University","United States. Congress. Senate","Washington County Colonization Society","Washington County Tract Society","Wheeling Cotton Manufacturing Company","Woodbridge-Blennerhassett."],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["American ginseng","Account books","Livestock","Churches  -- Roman Catholic, American missions","Churches  -- Roman Catholic","Church buildings","Drugs and druggists.","Education","Education. SEE ALSO Schools.","Fur trade","General stores","Justices of the peace","Labor organization. SEE ALSO Coal mining - labor","Medicine. SEE ALSO Folk medicine.","Missionaries","Frontier and pioneer life","Politics and government.","Rivers and river valleys.","Salt industry and trade","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Slaves and slavery.","Transportation","Unions.","Universities and colleges"],"access_subjects_ssm":["American ginseng","Account books","Livestock","Churches  -- Roman Catholic, American missions","Churches  -- Roman Catholic","Church buildings","Drugs and druggists.","Education","Education. SEE ALSO Schools.","Fur trade","General stores","Justices of the peace","Labor organization. SEE ALSO Coal mining - labor","Medicine. SEE ALSO Folk medicine.","Missionaries","Frontier and pioneer life","Politics and government.","Rivers and river valleys.","Salt industry and trade","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Slaves and slavery.","Transportation","Unions.","Universities and colleges"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["11.10 Linear Feet Summary: 11 ft. 1 1/4 in. (21 document cases, 5 in. each); (3 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (4 small flat storage boxes, 3 1/2 in. each); (1 small flat storage box, 5 in.); (1 reel of microfilm, 1.75 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["11.10 Linear Feet Summary: 11 ft. 1 1/4 in. 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Woodbridge began the business, which included trade up and down the Ohio River from Pittsburgh and Philadelphia to Kentucky and points in between. George M. Woodbridge's business dealt in real estate, and so indicates the growth of the area west of Marietta. The growth of river trade and the types of goods traded are described extensively in the collection. Other topics include aspects of life in the early nineteenth century Ohio River Valley, real estate, and other business concerns. Prominent names in the collection include D. Woodbridge, George M. Woodbridge, and Harmon Blennerhasset.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects found in collection:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShips and shipbuilding – Volumes 1, 6, 8, 14, 31, 37, 53, 132\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTransportation of goods, overland and by river (Ohio and Muskingum) – Volumes 1, 2, 4, 5, 9, 123, 124\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarmon Blennerhasset and Blennerhasset Island – Volumes 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 19, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLand values and transaction of land – Volumes 56, 79, 81, 89, 131\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBank of Marietta – Volumes 2, 6, 9, 98\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["These are the records of the Woodbridge Mercantile Company and related businesses operated in Marietta, Ohio from the years 1743 to 1882. Woodbridge began the business, which included trade up and down the Ohio River from Pittsburgh and Philadelphia to Kentucky and points in between. George M. Woodbridge's business dealt in real estate, and so indicates the growth of the area west of Marietta. The growth of river trade and the types of goods traded are described extensively in the collection. Other topics include aspects of life in the early nineteenth century Ohio River Valley, real estate, and other business concerns. Prominent names in the collection include D. Woodbridge, George M. Woodbridge, and Harmon Blennerhasset.","Subjects found in collection:","Ships and shipbuilding – Volumes 1, 6, 8, 14, 31, 37, 53, 132","Transportation of goods, overland and by river (Ohio and Muskingum) – Volumes 1, 2, 4, 5, 9, 123, 124","Harmon Blennerhasset and Blennerhasset Island – Volumes 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 19, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25","Land values and transaction of land – Volumes 56, 79, 81, 89, 131","Bank of Marietta – Volumes 2, 6, 9, 98"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_dbebcc5ffb758c18356de41c3aa65840\"\u003eLetter and account books, clipping scrapbooks, and miscellaneous family papers of a pioneer, Ohio Valley, general merchandise firm founded by Dudley Woodbridge, Sr., at Marietta, Ohio, and operating under various names for a period of more than sixty years. The collection also includes the account books of Daniel, Richard, and John Greene, 1808-1844; account books of F.B. Loomis, 1842-1844; a medicinal formulary book; the estate records of John Brody; records of a pension and bounty land claims agency operated by George M. Woodbridge, 1861-1864; and justice of the peace accounts, 1832-1863. Subjects include the development of river markets, transportation, and the livestock industry in the early Ohio Valley; fur trade and commerce with England and Europe; the Marietta and Susquehanna Trading Company; Kanawha and Sciota salt works; Ohio Company lands; Woodbridge-Harman Blennerhassett partnership; ginseng trade; Wheeling Cotton Manufacturing Company; ropewalk and shipbuilding in Marietta; military land warrants; estate of George Morgan; career of William Woodbridge, United States senator and governor of Michigan; pioneer education; Meadville Seminary; Ohio University; Miami University; Marietta Collegiate Institute; Belpre, Ohio; American Catholic missions; early history of Marietta; the American Colonization Society; Washington County Colonization Society; churches; Washington County Tract Society; recruiting in Marietta during the Civil War; impact of the War of 1812 on westward migration and labor; and Woodbridge family affairs. Letters are addressed to merchants in London, France, New York, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Charleston (West Virginia), Lexington and Louisville (Kentucky), Cincinnati, St. Louis, New Orleans, Washington, Detroit, and Baltimore. Correspondents include Lewis Cass, Philip Doddridge, and Benjamin Reeder.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Letter and account books, clipping scrapbooks, and miscellaneous family papers of a pioneer, Ohio Valley, general merchandise firm founded by Dudley Woodbridge, Sr., at Marietta, Ohio, and operating under various names for a period of more than sixty years. The collection also includes the account books of Daniel, Richard, and John Greene, 1808-1844; account books of F.B. Loomis, 1842-1844; a medicinal formulary book; the estate records of John Brody; records of a pension and bounty land claims agency operated by George M. Woodbridge, 1861-1864; and justice of the peace accounts, 1832-1863. Subjects include the development of river markets, transportation, and the livestock industry in the early Ohio Valley; fur trade and commerce with England and Europe; the Marietta and Susquehanna Trading Company; Kanawha and Sciota salt works; Ohio Company lands; Woodbridge-Harman Blennerhassett partnership; ginseng trade; Wheeling Cotton Manufacturing Company; ropewalk and shipbuilding in Marietta; military land warrants; estate of George Morgan; career of William Woodbridge, United States senator and governor of Michigan; pioneer education; Meadville Seminary; Ohio University; Miami University; Marietta Collegiate Institute; Belpre, Ohio; American Catholic missions; early history of Marietta; the American Colonization Society; Washington County Colonization Society; churches; Washington County Tract Society; recruiting in Marietta during the Civil War; impact of the War of 1812 on westward migration and labor; and Woodbridge family affairs. Letters are addressed to merchants in London, France, New York, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Charleston (West Virginia), Lexington and Louisville (Kentucky), Cincinnati, St. Louis, New Orleans, Washington, Detroit, and Baltimore. Correspondents include Lewis Cass, Philip Doddridge, and Benjamin Reeder."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_97a19b48b0865b933e413ce17c6b47ab\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. 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