{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1839\u0026page=748","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1839\u0026page=747","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1839\u0026page=749","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1839\u0026page=778"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":748,"next_page":749,"prev_page":747,"total_pages":778,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":7470,"total_count":7774,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_467_c59","type":"Box","attributes":{"title":"Watters, W. - Zuck, J.","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_467_c59#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_467_c59","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_467_c59"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_467_c59","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_467","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_467","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_467","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_467","parent_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_467"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_467"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Morgan County Court Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Morgan County Court Records"],"text":["Morgan County Court Records","Watters, W. - Zuck, J.","Box 59"],"title_filing_ssi":"Watters, W. - Zuck, J.","title_ssm":["Watters, W. - Zuck, J."],"title_tesim":["Watters, W. - Zuck, J."],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1820-1880"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1820/1880"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Watters, W. - Zuck, J."],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Morgan County Court Records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Box"],"level_ssim":["Box"],"sort_isi":59,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["No special access restriction applies."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. 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Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Morgan County Courts","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 2469","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/467"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Morgan County Court Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Morgan County Court Records"],"collection_ssim":["Morgan County Court Records"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creator_ssm":["Morgan County Courts"],"creator_ssim":["Morgan County Courts"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Morgan County Courts"],"creators_ssim":["Morgan County Courts"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. 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(58 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 document case, 2 1/2 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Morgan County Court Records, A\u0026amp;M 2469, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Morgan County Court Records, A\u0026M 2469, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOriginal court case papers, land surveys, deeds, and jury lists. 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Contain a corresponding index, arranged alphabetically by persons named in the suits."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_21f8996bc8d25859800681469a29f7f3\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. 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10"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#2/components#15","timestamp":"2026-06-09T07:08:45.006Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1396.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/151360","title_filing_ssi":"Watts family papers","title_ssm":["Watts family papers-addition"],"title_tesim":["Watts family papers-addition"],"unitdate_ssm":["1786-1950"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1786-1950"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 12170","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource 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Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1396","Watts family papers-addition","United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Slavery--United States -- Virginia","lawyers -- Virginia","The collection is open for research use.","The Watts family papers are arranged into 9 series. Series 1. Family Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, History and letters of James and Dolley Madison, Series 3. Documents related to enslavement, Series 4. Legal and Financial papers, Subseries A. Indentures, Subseries B. Marriage agreements, petitions, statements, and wills, Subseries C. Letters about collecting debts, Subseries D. Receipts for goods and services of the Watts family, Series 5. Newspaper clippings and miscellaneous family papers and oversize photographs, Series 6. Family Bibles, Series 7. Roanoke Gun Club Inc. land, Series 8. Showalter transcriptions on digital materials and a flash drive. Box 1 contains folders with some transcription of the letters in the collection and a folder with biographical information. Box 12 contains folders with an index and a folder of miscellaneous information about the collection. ","Added existing collection MSS 12170 (3 folders) of Breckinridge, Gamble and Watts families into this addition of Watts family papers MSS 12170. ","The Watts family has been part of the Roanoke Valley (also called \"Big Lick\") in Virginia for six generations. General Edward Watts was born on 7 April 1779, in Prince Edward, Virginia. He was the son of William Watts (1742-1797), and Mary Scott (1758-1836). He married Elizabeth Breckinridge, the daughter of James Breckinridge on 6 May 1811 and they had 10 children, including William Watts (1817-1877), Mary Scott Gamble (1814-1840), Ann Selden Watts Holcombe (1820-1888), Alice Watts Robertson (1832-1914), Emma Gilmer Watts Carr (1834-1872) and Letitia Watts Sorrell (1829-1900). Edward Watts purchased 400 acres of land from his father-in-law, James Breckinridge (called The Barrens) where he built his home \"Oaklands\" in 1817. General Edward Watts died in 1859 at age 59. The Watts and Breckinridge families were well-known families in southwest Virginia who enslaved people during the American Revolution and the American Civil War. They were admired by their peers as influential attorneys, politicians, and land owners who often opened their house to the community.","General Edward Watts was educated at Liberty Hall Academy (Washington \u0026 Lee), and Princeton. He was an officer in the War of 1812 and was the Commonwealth attorney for Roanoke County from 1839 to 1845. His son, William Watts (1817-1877) was a Colonel in the 28th Infantry of the Confederate Army (Roanoke Greys). He was educated in medicine and law at the University of Virginia. ","After the war, he followed in his father's path as the Commonwealth attorney from 1845 to 1854. He was in the State Constitutional Convention (1850-1851), and was president of the Exchange Bank of Virginia. He also ran for governor in 1834 and 1842. He served in the legislature for one term in 1875. He married Mary Allen in 1850 and they had one living son, John Allen Watts (1855-1904). Mary Allen died following his birth in 1855. Colonel William Watts was also a farmer who enslaved over 100 people. He was said to have one enslaved person as his \"body servant\" through the war and gave him a home for life. Research of the collection has not yet provided his name.","John Allen Watts (1855-1904) nicknamed \"Squat\" was also a student at the University of Virginia and became an attorney. He married Gertrude Lee and they had a son named William. John Allen Watts sold Oaklands to a develpment company and it burned down in 1897. Descendants Jean Staples Showalter, English Showalter, and Katherine Watts donated this collection of their family's papers. ","Sources:\n\"Roanoke and Western Virginia: Glimpses of the Pst: Oaklands\" http://showalter.blogspot.com/2010/12/oaklands.html","Barnes, Raymond. \"Confederates of Roanoke-V: General Edward Watts and Colonel William Watts Founded Clan\" Roanoke World News. 5 April 1961. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/94647C8F-8806-4D18-8A04-445143233613#gallery","\nBarnes, Raymond. 'Oaklands' Was Hospitable Seat of Watts Family for Generations: Needed Big Staff\" Roanoke World News. 21 May 1958. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/53DC8EB0-DBE3-4B95-B4AF-027946626463#gallery","\nWatts, Katherine. \"The Roanoke Valley and the Watts Family\" June 1984.","There is a website at the O. Winston Link Museum (History Museum of West Virginia) that has many of the Watts family letters online ","https://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/byperson?page=3\u0026keyword=Watts%2C%20William\u0026searchType=person\u0026showsearch=True","Related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 8914, and MSS 653.","MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.","The Watts family papers of Roanoke County, Virginia at \"Oaklands\" in Flat Creek, Campbell County) consist of correspondence and documents related to the American Revolution, the War of 1812, the United States Civil War, war with Osceola and Seminole tribes in Florida, Virginia politics, economic and social history (including enslavement),land ownership, farming, court cases and debt from 1786 to 1950 in southwest Virginia. The Watts are related to many other Virginia families including James and Dolley Madison. This collection represents a great view into historical and social events of the eighteenth and nineteenth century in Virginia.","The papers of this family of landowners, farmers, politicians, and attorneys portray the rich southern antebellum life on the Oaklands plantation. Despite the told and true characteristics of the kindness of the Watts family, they were nineteenth century southern plantation owners who owned hundreds of enslaved persons. The letters and receipts in the collection include many first names and some last names. One enslaved person, Henry Langhorne, a lifetime attendant of Colonel William Watts was bequeathed $1,000 and a home for life. ","Some letters mention the Watt's efforts to keep enslaved families from being separated by intervening in the sales of enslaved persons. There are many references to enslaved people among their households and farm, including descriptions of providing their clothing, housing, and nurturing them when they were sick, like family members. It is important to note that the collection also contains receipts for their purchase and loan. ","The issue of enslavement is discussed in local meetings that Watts attended. There are also letters from former enslaved persons such as [Malinda] Langhorne and William Langhorne to Watts family members and photographs of enslaved persons, Aunt Sally and Aunt Phoebe standing together, and a photograph of Uncle Lou with the Watts children. ","There is also correspondence about financial and legal matters as Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his father, General Edward Watts (1779-1859), were attorneys. Much of their correspondence relates to collecting debts, indentures, land surveys, receipts, and politics (Whig party, Commonwealth Attorney, Constitutional Convention, Virginia Delegates, and candidacy for Governor), and religion. The papers contain discussions about the popular faith of Presbyterians and Episcopalians). The University of Virginia, Washington \u0026 Lee, and William \u0026 Mary College are also mentioned.","The collection spans six generations of the Watts family including General Edward Watts and his wife Elizabeth Breckinridge (1794-1862), their son Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his wife Mary Jane Allen (1825-1855). Also included is their son, John Allen Watts and his wife Gertrude Lee. ","Other related families include Madison, Breckenridge, Allen, Jackson, Watson, Morris, Gamble, Payne, Washington, Meigs, and Saunders. (MSS 653) Other related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples..(see related materials note)","The papers of Mary Scott Watts Gamble have been combined into this collection. These letters contain her accounts of attacks by Osceola and Seminole people in Florida. She mentions that Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) ","Box 1 contains a folder of transcriptions for some of the collection letters and a folder of biographical information.","Letter dated 1819 mentions \"Joshua\" who rode Edward Watts' horse for him.","There are newspaper clippings about the Watts family. Included is a newspaper article, \"Number of Colored Residents Have Been Here for 50 Years,\" 28 January, 1934 about families in Roanoke that were enslaved 50 years earlier. Nettie Simms Calloway claims that her father, L. M. Simm, was owned by Colonel William Watts and that her great-grandmother was enslaved by General Edward Watts at Oaklands. Other family names of enslaved persons are named in the article. ","An obituary for Colonel William Watts mentions that a large group enslaved people were around him at his death including Henry Langhorne who had attended him during the war and throughout his life. Colonel Watts left him $1,000 in his will and a permanent home. ","There is an address by John Allen Watts and  newspaper clippings about the Watts family.","A. Indentures, deeds, plats, receipts, tax statements,petitions, and wills. B. Letters about debt collection. C.Stocks D. Receipt for goods and services for Watts family","[Leather Bound] Reverend Washington Erben and Reverend Clement Butler, Reverend Alfred Nevin, Gustave Dore\nErben, Washington; Butler, Clement, Nevin, Alfred; Dore, Gustave [Illustrator]\nPublished by John E. Potter and Company, 1880","Autographed Elizabeth Watts, with date January 1817. Written note \"December 29, [1846] I commenced.\" Paste down on inside front cover, obituary of General Edward Watts, August 9, 1859.","This series consists of the correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families, ca.1794-1850, but chiefly that of Mary Scott Watts Gamble (1814-1840)daughter of General Edward Watts. The name has been changed to Watts family papers as of March 2023. There are many related collections of the Watts family papers. MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; and MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.","Mary Gamble wrote to her aunt, Emma W. Breckinridge, Grove Hill, Fincastle, Botetourt County, Virginia; her mother, Elizabeth Breckinridge Watts and her father, General Edward Watts, Oakland, near Big Lick, Botetourt County, Virginia; her brothers, William and James B. Watts; and her sisters, Ann S. Watts and Letitia G. Watts. ","Most of the letters to her immediate family were written after her marriage and move to Welaunee, Florida, located near Tallahassee, except for several to her brother William Watts while he was away at the New London Academy, Campbell County, Virginia. Many of Mary Watts Gamble's letters are to her aunt, Mrs. Cary Breckinridge (Emma W. Gilmer), 1831-1838, and most of them were written prior to her marriage in 1834. All of her undated letters to her aunt appear to have been written before her marriage and are filed at the beginning of the year 1834 as [ante 1834]. ","Mary Watts Gamble at Flat Creek writes about the purchase of 34 enslaved persons by Uncle Gamble to prepare the ground for cotton. Her letters also describe her experiences of the conflicts with the Osceola and Seminole warriors in Florida (causing her to learn how to load and shoot a gun). She mentions the Second Seminole War in Florida. Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) ","There are details of her accounts of the interactions of the Seminoles  on women, children, and enslaved persons including one on the property of Judge Randall, including the burning of buildings in Magnolia and Hickstown and upon the home, family, and enslaved persons of Mrs. Purifoy, wife of a Methodist minister and daughter of Captain Byrd, just four miles away from Welaunee (April 13, 1838). She mentions the removal of the Apalachicola tribe to the West; the actions of Territorial Governor Richard Keith Call (1792-1862), and the Gambles forced evacuation from Welaunee to Tallahassee for safety. (May 9, 1836) They planned to sail on the Brig Orion from St. Marks to New Orleans, taking a steamboat to Louisville, and then proceeding by mail [coach?] to White Sulphur Springs, [West] Virginia (May 21, 1836). ","She also mentions her disapproval of the plans of General [Winfield?] Scott for delaying the pursuit of the Seminole War to a later time. She writes about the recent Texas disasters at [the Alamo?] and the loss of [James Walker] Fannin's detachment at the Massacre at La Bahia (Goliad), including concern about the fate of her acquaintances Burr and John Duval. A website on the history of Texas records that Burr and Duval were captured and executed (April 24, 1836). ","Her letters also include the health and news of famly members; her marriage to her cousin James Gamble; her attendance at three days of preaching at the Academy (May 19, 1832); the unpopularity of the Reverend [Gyng?] in Tallahasseethe family's concern for William and Robert over an outbreak of scarlet fever near New London Academy(January 12, 1833); and the illness and death of her grandfather, General James Breckinridge.   (May 15, 1833).","\nAdditional subjects include  attempts to persuade her her attempts to convince her brother James to begin his law practice in Tallahassee and comments about the presidential election.She describes the romantic affairs of her brother James; her illness and plans to recover in Virginia (May 15, 1837); her stay in St. Joseph [Bay?] for the summer because of her health, reading the works of Hannah More (1745-1833) while staying in St. Joseph, especially The History of Hester Wilmot and description of the area (July 30, 1838); her return to Tallahassee, and her husband's new store (October 22, 1838); and her stay in a boarding house near the store (December 15, 1838). ","Correspondents in the folder of general correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families include: Robert Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters (March 20 and July 23, 1794; n.d.); John Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters, his lawsuit with Isaac Robinson, and a reference to the Whisky Rebellion at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania (August 19, 1794); William Breckinridge to James Breckinridge (September 1794); James Breckinridge to Ann Breckinridge discussing the sickness of Lewis and news about others of their acquaintance (January 24, 1819); James Breckinridge to Edward Watts mentions the James River bill and the death of Judge Fleming which left a vacancy on the court (February 22, 1824). ","Mary Page Randolph discusses her unexpected trip to Montpelier, Orange County, and Edgehill, Albemarle County, Virginia, with Thomas Jefferson Randolph, and sympathy for Mary S. Watts' \"late bereavement\" (July 22, 1833); Robert Gamble to Colonel Edward Watts discusses the visit of Mary Scott Watts and the death of his niece Laura (January 13, 1834); Edward Watts to his daughter, Elizabeth B. Watts, announcing the death of Mary Watts Gamble on May 22, 1840 (1840); Emma W. Breckinridge to her niece Letty [Letitia G. Watts?] (December 21, 1850); and John Wickham to James Breckinridge, notifying them of a death which has greatly distressed Betsy (August 14, n.y.). ","There are several letters from Nannie Gamble to her cousin, Letitia G. Watts, in which she describes her return visit from New York to Savannah, Georgia by ship (November 13, 1843) furnishes news of the family while in the mountains, near Abingdon, Virginia (January 20, 1845); expresses her sorrow at the news of the death of their friend, Lizzie Peyton, and describes the difficult journey home from Abingdon to Tallahassee which took five weeks (March 4, 1845); mentions the death of Lucy Gilmer (May 31, 1845); and a final letter from Nannie Gamble with a note written by Letitia on the bottom, \"The last letter ever received from my darling cousin N.S.G. who is now numbered with the dead\" (September 9, 1845). ","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 12170","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1396"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Watts family papers-addition"],"collection_title_tesim":["Watts family papers-addition"],"collection_ssim":["Watts family papers-addition"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"geogname_ssim":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"places_ssim":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was a gift from Katherine Watts to the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia Library on 9 April 2022."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Slavery--United States -- Virginia","lawyers -- Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Slavery--United States -- Virginia","lawyers -- Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["9 Cubic Feet 12 legal size document boxes, 1 half-size legal document box, 2 cubics of bibles, and 2 oversize boxes",".107 Gigabytes","0.25 Cubic Feet"],"extent_tesim":["9 Cubic Feet 12 legal size document boxes, 1 half-size legal document box, 2 cubics of bibles, and 2 oversize boxes",".107 Gigabytes","0.25 Cubic Feet"],"physfacet_tesim":["2,588 files, 2, 371 MS Word files, 176 Open office documents, 23 jpegs, 13 Apple/Double files, 3 tiffs, 1 pdf.","Oversize box: Photographs and certificates of Watts family members (deframed)"],"date_range_isim":[1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Watts family papers are arranged into 9 series. Series 1. Family Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, History and letters of James and Dolley Madison, Series 3. Documents related to enslavement, Series 4. Legal and Financial papers, Subseries A. Indentures, Subseries B. Marriage agreements, petitions, statements, and wills, Subseries C. Letters about collecting debts, Subseries D. Receipts for goods and services of the Watts family, Series 5. Newspaper clippings and miscellaneous family papers and oversize photographs, Series 6. Family Bibles, Series 7. Roanoke Gun Club Inc. land, Series 8. Showalter transcriptions on digital materials and a flash drive. Box 1 contains folders with some transcription of the letters in the collection and a folder with biographical information. Box 12 contains folders with an index and a folder of miscellaneous information about the collection. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdded existing collection MSS 12170 (3 folders) of Breckinridge, Gamble and Watts families into this addition of Watts family papers MSS 12170. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Watts family papers are arranged into 9 series. Series 1. Family Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, History and letters of James and Dolley Madison, Series 3. Documents related to enslavement, Series 4. Legal and Financial papers, Subseries A. Indentures, Subseries B. Marriage agreements, petitions, statements, and wills, Subseries C. Letters about collecting debts, Subseries D. Receipts for goods and services of the Watts family, Series 5. Newspaper clippings and miscellaneous family papers and oversize photographs, Series 6. Family Bibles, Series 7. Roanoke Gun Club Inc. land, Series 8. Showalter transcriptions on digital materials and a flash drive. Box 1 contains folders with some transcription of the letters in the collection and a folder with biographical information. Box 12 contains folders with an index and a folder of miscellaneous information about the collection. ","Added existing collection MSS 12170 (3 folders) of Breckinridge, Gamble and Watts families into this addition of Watts family papers MSS 12170. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Watts family has been part of the Roanoke Valley (also called \"Big Lick\") in Virginia for six generations. General Edward Watts was born on 7 April 1779, in Prince Edward, Virginia. He was the son of William Watts (1742-1797), and Mary Scott (1758-1836). He married Elizabeth Breckinridge, the daughter of James Breckinridge on 6 May 1811 and they had 10 children, including William Watts (1817-1877), Mary Scott Gamble (1814-1840), Ann Selden Watts Holcombe (1820-1888), Alice Watts Robertson (1832-1914), Emma Gilmer Watts Carr (1834-1872) and Letitia Watts Sorrell (1829-1900). Edward Watts purchased 400 acres of land from his father-in-law, James Breckinridge (called The Barrens) where he built his home \"Oaklands\" in 1817. General Edward Watts died in 1859 at age 59. The Watts and Breckinridge families were well-known families in southwest Virginia who enslaved people during the American Revolution and the American Civil War. They were admired by their peers as influential attorneys, politicians, and land owners who often opened their house to the community.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeneral Edward Watts was educated at Liberty Hall Academy (Washington \u0026amp; Lee), and Princeton. He was an officer in the War of 1812 and was the Commonwealth attorney for Roanoke County from 1839 to 1845. His son, William Watts (1817-1877) was a Colonel in the 28th Infantry of the Confederate Army (Roanoke Greys). He was educated in medicine and law at the University of Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter the war, he followed in his father's path as the Commonwealth attorney from 1845 to 1854. He was in the State Constitutional Convention (1850-1851), and was president of the Exchange Bank of Virginia. He also ran for governor in 1834 and 1842. He served in the legislature for one term in 1875. He married Mary Allen in 1850 and they had one living son, John Allen Watts (1855-1904). Mary Allen died following his birth in 1855. Colonel William Watts was also a farmer who enslaved over 100 people. He was said to have one enslaved person as his \"body servant\" through the war and gave him a home for life. Research of the collection has not yet provided his name.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohn Allen Watts (1855-1904) nicknamed \"Squat\" was also a student at the University of Virginia and became an attorney. He married Gertrude Lee and they had a son named William. John Allen Watts sold Oaklands to a develpment company and it burned down in 1897. Descendants Jean Staples Showalter, English Showalter, and Katherine Watts donated this collection of their family's papers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources:\n\"Roanoke and Western Virginia: Glimpses of the Pst: Oaklands\" http://showalter.blogspot.com/2010/12/oaklands.html\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBarnes, Raymond. \"Confederates of Roanoke-V: General Edward Watts and Colonel William Watts Founded Clan\" Roanoke World News. 5 April 1961. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/94647C8F-8806-4D18-8A04-445143233613#gallery\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nBarnes, Raymond. 'Oaklands' Was Hospitable Seat of Watts Family for Generations: Needed Big Staff\" Roanoke World News. 21 May 1958. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/53DC8EB0-DBE3-4B95-B4AF-027946626463#gallery\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nWatts, Katherine. \"The Roanoke Valley and the Watts Family\" June 1984.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Watts family has been part of the Roanoke Valley (also called \"Big Lick\") in Virginia for six generations. General Edward Watts was born on 7 April 1779, in Prince Edward, Virginia. He was the son of William Watts (1742-1797), and Mary Scott (1758-1836). He married Elizabeth Breckinridge, the daughter of James Breckinridge on 6 May 1811 and they had 10 children, including William Watts (1817-1877), Mary Scott Gamble (1814-1840), Ann Selden Watts Holcombe (1820-1888), Alice Watts Robertson (1832-1914), Emma Gilmer Watts Carr (1834-1872) and Letitia Watts Sorrell (1829-1900). Edward Watts purchased 400 acres of land from his father-in-law, James Breckinridge (called The Barrens) where he built his home \"Oaklands\" in 1817. General Edward Watts died in 1859 at age 59. The Watts and Breckinridge families were well-known families in southwest Virginia who enslaved people during the American Revolution and the American Civil War. They were admired by their peers as influential attorneys, politicians, and land owners who often opened their house to the community.","General Edward Watts was educated at Liberty Hall Academy (Washington \u0026 Lee), and Princeton. He was an officer in the War of 1812 and was the Commonwealth attorney for Roanoke County from 1839 to 1845. His son, William Watts (1817-1877) was a Colonel in the 28th Infantry of the Confederate Army (Roanoke Greys). He was educated in medicine and law at the University of Virginia. ","After the war, he followed in his father's path as the Commonwealth attorney from 1845 to 1854. He was in the State Constitutional Convention (1850-1851), and was president of the Exchange Bank of Virginia. He also ran for governor in 1834 and 1842. He served in the legislature for one term in 1875. He married Mary Allen in 1850 and they had one living son, John Allen Watts (1855-1904). Mary Allen died following his birth in 1855. Colonel William Watts was also a farmer who enslaved over 100 people. He was said to have one enslaved person as his \"body servant\" through the war and gave him a home for life. Research of the collection has not yet provided his name.","John Allen Watts (1855-1904) nicknamed \"Squat\" was also a student at the University of Virginia and became an attorney. He married Gertrude Lee and they had a son named William. John Allen Watts sold Oaklands to a develpment company and it burned down in 1897. Descendants Jean Staples Showalter, English Showalter, and Katherine Watts donated this collection of their family's papers. ","Sources:\n\"Roanoke and Western Virginia: Glimpses of the Pst: Oaklands\" http://showalter.blogspot.com/2010/12/oaklands.html","Barnes, Raymond. \"Confederates of Roanoke-V: General Edward Watts and Colonel William Watts Founded Clan\" Roanoke World News. 5 April 1961. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/94647C8F-8806-4D18-8A04-445143233613#gallery","\nBarnes, Raymond. 'Oaklands' Was Hospitable Seat of Watts Family for Generations: Needed Big Staff\" Roanoke World News. 21 May 1958. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/53DC8EB0-DBE3-4B95-B4AF-027946626463#gallery","\nWatts, Katherine. \"The Roanoke Valley and the Watts Family\" June 1984."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 12170, Watts family papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 12170, Watts family papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere is a website at the O. Winston Link Museum (History Museum of West Virginia) that has many of the Watts family letters online \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ehttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/byperson?page=3\u0026amp;keyword=Watts%2C%20William\u0026amp;searchType=person\u0026amp;showsearch=True\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRelated collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 8914, and MSS 653.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials","Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["There is a website at the O. Winston Link Museum (History Museum of West Virginia) that has many of the Watts family letters online ","https://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/byperson?page=3\u0026keyword=Watts%2C%20William\u0026searchType=person\u0026showsearch=True","Related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 8914, and MSS 653.","MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Watts family papers of Roanoke County, Virginia at \"Oaklands\" in Flat Creek, Campbell County) consist of correspondence and documents related to the American Revolution, the War of 1812, the United States Civil War, war with Osceola and Seminole tribes in Florida, Virginia politics, economic and social history (including enslavement),land ownership, farming, court cases and debt from 1786 to 1950 in southwest Virginia. The Watts are related to many other Virginia families including James and Dolley Madison. This collection represents a great view into historical and social events of the eighteenth and nineteenth century in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe papers of this family of landowners, farmers, politicians, and attorneys portray the rich southern antebellum life on the Oaklands plantation. Despite the told and true characteristics of the kindness of the Watts family, they were nineteenth century southern plantation owners who owned hundreds of enslaved persons. The letters and receipts in the collection include many first names and some last names. One enslaved person, Henry Langhorne, a lifetime attendant of Colonel William Watts was bequeathed $1,000 and a home for life. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSome letters mention the Watt's efforts to keep enslaved families from being separated by intervening in the sales of enslaved persons. There are many references to enslaved people among their households and farm, including descriptions of providing their clothing, housing, and nurturing them when they were sick, like family members. It is important to note that the collection also contains receipts for their purchase and loan. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe issue of enslavement is discussed in local meetings that Watts attended. There are also letters from former enslaved persons such as [Malinda] Langhorne and William Langhorne to Watts family members and photographs of enslaved persons, Aunt Sally and Aunt Phoebe standing together, and a photograph of Uncle Lou with the Watts children. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is also correspondence about financial and legal matters as Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his father, General Edward Watts (1779-1859), were attorneys. Much of their correspondence relates to collecting debts, indentures, land surveys, receipts, and politics (Whig party, Commonwealth Attorney, Constitutional Convention, Virginia Delegates, and candidacy for Governor), and religion. The papers contain discussions about the popular faith of Presbyterians and Episcopalians). The University of Virginia, Washington \u0026amp; Lee, and William \u0026amp; Mary College are also mentioned.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection spans six generations of the Watts family including General Edward Watts and his wife Elizabeth Breckinridge (1794-1862), their son Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his wife Mary Jane Allen (1825-1855). Also included is their son, John Allen Watts and his wife Gertrude Lee. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther related families include Madison, Breckenridge, Allen, Jackson, Watson, Morris, Gamble, Payne, Washington, Meigs, and Saunders. (MSS 653) Other related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples..(see related materials note)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Mary Scott Watts Gamble have been combined into this collection. These letters contain her accounts of attacks by Osceola and Seminole people in Florida. She mentions that Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 1 contains a folder of transcriptions for some of the collection letters and a folder of biographical information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter dated 1819 mentions \"Joshua\" who rode Edward Watts' horse for him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are newspaper clippings about the Watts family. Included is a newspaper article, \"Number of Colored Residents Have Been Here for 50 Years,\" 28 January, 1934 about families in Roanoke that were enslaved 50 years earlier. Nettie Simms Calloway claims that her father, L. M. Simm, was owned by Colonel William Watts and that her great-grandmother was enslaved by General Edward Watts at Oaklands. Other family names of enslaved persons are named in the article. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAn obituary for Colonel William Watts mentions that a large group enslaved people were around him at his death including Henry Langhorne who had attended him during the war and throughout his life. Colonel Watts left him $1,000 in his will and a permanent home. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere is an address by John Allen Watts and  newspaper clippings about the Watts family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA. Indentures, deeds, plats, receipts, tax statements,petitions, and wills. B. Letters about debt collection. C.Stocks D. Receipt for goods and services for Watts family\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Leather Bound] Reverend Washington Erben and Reverend Clement Butler, Reverend Alfred Nevin, Gustave Dore\nErben, Washington; Butler, Clement, Nevin, Alfred; Dore, Gustave [Illustrator]\nPublished by John E. Potter and Company, 1880\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAutographed Elizabeth Watts, with date January 1817. Written note \"December 29, [1846] I commenced.\" Paste down on inside front cover, obituary of General Edward Watts, August 9, 1859.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of the correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families, ca.1794-1850, but chiefly that of Mary Scott Watts Gamble (1814-1840)daughter of General Edward Watts. The name has been changed to Watts family papers as of March 2023. There are many related collections of the Watts family papers. MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; and MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMary Gamble wrote to her aunt, Emma W. Breckinridge, Grove Hill, Fincastle, Botetourt County, Virginia; her mother, Elizabeth Breckinridge Watts and her father, General Edward Watts, Oakland, near Big Lick, Botetourt County, Virginia; her brothers, William and James B. Watts; and her sisters, Ann S. Watts and Letitia G. Watts. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMost of the letters to her immediate family were written after her marriage and move to Welaunee, Florida, located near Tallahassee, except for several to her brother William Watts while he was away at the New London Academy, Campbell County, Virginia. Many of Mary Watts Gamble's letters are to her aunt, Mrs. Cary Breckinridge (Emma W. Gilmer), 1831-1838, and most of them were written prior to her marriage in 1834. All of her undated letters to her aunt appear to have been written before her marriage and are filed at the beginning of the year 1834 as [ante 1834]. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMary Watts Gamble at Flat Creek writes about the purchase of 34 enslaved persons by Uncle Gamble to prepare the ground for cotton. Her letters also describe her experiences of the conflicts with the Osceola and Seminole warriors in Florida (causing her to learn how to load and shoot a gun). She mentions the Second Seminole War in Florida. Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are details of her accounts of the interactions of the Seminoles  on women, children, and enslaved persons including one on the property of Judge Randall, including the burning of buildings in Magnolia and Hickstown and upon the home, family, and enslaved persons of Mrs. Purifoy, wife of a Methodist minister and daughter of Captain Byrd, just four miles away from Welaunee (April 13, 1838). She mentions the removal of the Apalachicola tribe to the West; the actions of Territorial Governor Richard Keith Call (1792-1862), and the Gambles forced evacuation from Welaunee to Tallahassee for safety. (May 9, 1836) They planned to sail on the Brig Orion from St. Marks to New Orleans, taking a steamboat to Louisville, and then proceeding by mail [coach?] to White Sulphur Springs, [West] Virginia (May 21, 1836). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eShe also mentions her disapproval of the plans of General [Winfield?] Scott for delaying the pursuit of the Seminole War to a later time. She writes about the recent Texas disasters at [the Alamo?] and the loss of [James Walker] Fannin's detachment at the Massacre at La Bahia (Goliad), including concern about the fate of her acquaintances Burr and John Duval. A website on the history of Texas records that Burr and Duval were captured and executed (April 24, 1836). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHer letters also include the health and news of famly members; her marriage to her cousin James Gamble; her attendance at three days of preaching at the Academy (May 19, 1832); the unpopularity of the Reverend [Gyng?] in Tallahasseethe family's concern for William and Robert over an outbreak of scarlet fever near New London Academy(January 12, 1833); and the illness and death of her grandfather, General James Breckinridge.   (May 15, 1833).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAdditional subjects include  attempts to persuade her her attempts to convince her brother James to begin his law practice in Tallahassee and comments about the presidential election.She describes the romantic affairs of her brother James; her illness and plans to recover in Virginia (May 15, 1837); her stay in St. Joseph [Bay?] for the summer because of her health, reading the works of Hannah More (1745-1833) while staying in St. Joseph, especially The History of Hester Wilmot and description of the area (July 30, 1838); her return to Tallahassee, and her husband's new store (October 22, 1838); and her stay in a boarding house near the store (December 15, 1838). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents in the folder of general correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families include: Robert Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters (March 20 and July 23, 1794; n.d.); John Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters, his lawsuit with Isaac Robinson, and a reference to the Whisky Rebellion at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania (August 19, 1794); William Breckinridge to James Breckinridge (September 1794); James Breckinridge to Ann Breckinridge discussing the sickness of Lewis and news about others of their acquaintance (January 24, 1819); James Breckinridge to Edward Watts mentions the James River bill and the death of Judge Fleming which left a vacancy on the court (February 22, 1824). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMary Page Randolph discusses her unexpected trip to Montpelier, Orange County, and Edgehill, Albemarle County, Virginia, with Thomas Jefferson Randolph, and sympathy for Mary S. Watts' \"late bereavement\" (July 22, 1833); Robert Gamble to Colonel Edward Watts discusses the visit of Mary Scott Watts and the death of his niece Laura (January 13, 1834); Edward Watts to his daughter, Elizabeth B. Watts, announcing the death of Mary Watts Gamble on May 22, 1840 (1840); Emma W. Breckinridge to her niece Letty [Letitia G. Watts?] (December 21, 1850); and John Wickham to James Breckinridge, notifying them of a death which has greatly distressed Betsy (August 14, n.y.). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are several letters from Nannie Gamble to her cousin, Letitia G. Watts, in which she describes her return visit from New York to Savannah, Georgia by ship (November 13, 1843) furnishes news of the family while in the mountains, near Abingdon, Virginia (January 20, 1845); expresses her sorrow at the news of the death of their friend, Lizzie Peyton, and describes the difficult journey home from Abingdon to Tallahassee which took five weeks (March 4, 1845); mentions the death of Lucy Gilmer (May 31, 1845); and a final letter from Nannie Gamble with a note written by Letitia on the bottom, \"The last letter ever received from my darling cousin N.S.G. who is now numbered with the dead\" (September 9, 1845). \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Watts family papers of Roanoke County, Virginia at \"Oaklands\" in Flat Creek, Campbell County) consist of correspondence and documents related to the American Revolution, the War of 1812, the United States Civil War, war with Osceola and Seminole tribes in Florida, Virginia politics, economic and social history (including enslavement),land ownership, farming, court cases and debt from 1786 to 1950 in southwest Virginia. The Watts are related to many other Virginia families including James and Dolley Madison. This collection represents a great view into historical and social events of the eighteenth and nineteenth century in Virginia.","The papers of this family of landowners, farmers, politicians, and attorneys portray the rich southern antebellum life on the Oaklands plantation. Despite the told and true characteristics of the kindness of the Watts family, they were nineteenth century southern plantation owners who owned hundreds of enslaved persons. The letters and receipts in the collection include many first names and some last names. One enslaved person, Henry Langhorne, a lifetime attendant of Colonel William Watts was bequeathed $1,000 and a home for life. ","Some letters mention the Watt's efforts to keep enslaved families from being separated by intervening in the sales of enslaved persons. There are many references to enslaved people among their households and farm, including descriptions of providing their clothing, housing, and nurturing them when they were sick, like family members. It is important to note that the collection also contains receipts for their purchase and loan. ","The issue of enslavement is discussed in local meetings that Watts attended. There are also letters from former enslaved persons such as [Malinda] Langhorne and William Langhorne to Watts family members and photographs of enslaved persons, Aunt Sally and Aunt Phoebe standing together, and a photograph of Uncle Lou with the Watts children. ","There is also correspondence about financial and legal matters as Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his father, General Edward Watts (1779-1859), were attorneys. Much of their correspondence relates to collecting debts, indentures, land surveys, receipts, and politics (Whig party, Commonwealth Attorney, Constitutional Convention, Virginia Delegates, and candidacy for Governor), and religion. The papers contain discussions about the popular faith of Presbyterians and Episcopalians). The University of Virginia, Washington \u0026 Lee, and William \u0026 Mary College are also mentioned.","The collection spans six generations of the Watts family including General Edward Watts and his wife Elizabeth Breckinridge (1794-1862), their son Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his wife Mary Jane Allen (1825-1855). Also included is their son, John Allen Watts and his wife Gertrude Lee. ","Other related families include Madison, Breckenridge, Allen, Jackson, Watson, Morris, Gamble, Payne, Washington, Meigs, and Saunders. (MSS 653) Other related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples..(see related materials note)","The papers of Mary Scott Watts Gamble have been combined into this collection. These letters contain her accounts of attacks by Osceola and Seminole people in Florida. She mentions that Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) ","Box 1 contains a folder of transcriptions for some of the collection letters and a folder of biographical information.","Letter dated 1819 mentions \"Joshua\" who rode Edward Watts' horse for him.","There are newspaper clippings about the Watts family. Included is a newspaper article, \"Number of Colored Residents Have Been Here for 50 Years,\" 28 January, 1934 about families in Roanoke that were enslaved 50 years earlier. Nettie Simms Calloway claims that her father, L. M. Simm, was owned by Colonel William Watts and that her great-grandmother was enslaved by General Edward Watts at Oaklands. Other family names of enslaved persons are named in the article. ","An obituary for Colonel William Watts mentions that a large group enslaved people were around him at his death including Henry Langhorne who had attended him during the war and throughout his life. Colonel Watts left him $1,000 in his will and a permanent home. ","There is an address by John Allen Watts and  newspaper clippings about the Watts family.","A. Indentures, deeds, plats, receipts, tax statements,petitions, and wills. B. Letters about debt collection. C.Stocks D. Receipt for goods and services for Watts family","[Leather Bound] Reverend Washington Erben and Reverend Clement Butler, Reverend Alfred Nevin, Gustave Dore\nErben, Washington; Butler, Clement, Nevin, Alfred; Dore, Gustave [Illustrator]\nPublished by John E. Potter and Company, 1880","Autographed Elizabeth Watts, with date January 1817. Written note \"December 29, [1846] I commenced.\" Paste down on inside front cover, obituary of General Edward Watts, August 9, 1859.","This series consists of the correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families, ca.1794-1850, but chiefly that of Mary Scott Watts Gamble (1814-1840)daughter of General Edward Watts. The name has been changed to Watts family papers as of March 2023. There are many related collections of the Watts family papers. MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; and MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.","Mary Gamble wrote to her aunt, Emma W. Breckinridge, Grove Hill, Fincastle, Botetourt County, Virginia; her mother, Elizabeth Breckinridge Watts and her father, General Edward Watts, Oakland, near Big Lick, Botetourt County, Virginia; her brothers, William and James B. Watts; and her sisters, Ann S. Watts and Letitia G. Watts. ","Most of the letters to her immediate family were written after her marriage and move to Welaunee, Florida, located near Tallahassee, except for several to her brother William Watts while he was away at the New London Academy, Campbell County, Virginia. Many of Mary Watts Gamble's letters are to her aunt, Mrs. Cary Breckinridge (Emma W. Gilmer), 1831-1838, and most of them were written prior to her marriage in 1834. All of her undated letters to her aunt appear to have been written before her marriage and are filed at the beginning of the year 1834 as [ante 1834]. ","Mary Watts Gamble at Flat Creek writes about the purchase of 34 enslaved persons by Uncle Gamble to prepare the ground for cotton. Her letters also describe her experiences of the conflicts with the Osceola and Seminole warriors in Florida (causing her to learn how to load and shoot a gun). She mentions the Second Seminole War in Florida. Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) ","There are details of her accounts of the interactions of the Seminoles  on women, children, and enslaved persons including one on the property of Judge Randall, including the burning of buildings in Magnolia and Hickstown and upon the home, family, and enslaved persons of Mrs. Purifoy, wife of a Methodist minister and daughter of Captain Byrd, just four miles away from Welaunee (April 13, 1838). She mentions the removal of the Apalachicola tribe to the West; the actions of Territorial Governor Richard Keith Call (1792-1862), and the Gambles forced evacuation from Welaunee to Tallahassee for safety. (May 9, 1836) They planned to sail on the Brig Orion from St. Marks to New Orleans, taking a steamboat to Louisville, and then proceeding by mail [coach?] to White Sulphur Springs, [West] Virginia (May 21, 1836). ","She also mentions her disapproval of the plans of General [Winfield?] Scott for delaying the pursuit of the Seminole War to a later time. She writes about the recent Texas disasters at [the Alamo?] and the loss of [James Walker] Fannin's detachment at the Massacre at La Bahia (Goliad), including concern about the fate of her acquaintances Burr and John Duval. A website on the history of Texas records that Burr and Duval were captured and executed (April 24, 1836). ","Her letters also include the health and news of famly members; her marriage to her cousin James Gamble; her attendance at three days of preaching at the Academy (May 19, 1832); the unpopularity of the Reverend [Gyng?] in Tallahasseethe family's concern for William and Robert over an outbreak of scarlet fever near New London Academy(January 12, 1833); and the illness and death of her grandfather, General James Breckinridge.   (May 15, 1833).","\nAdditional subjects include  attempts to persuade her her attempts to convince her brother James to begin his law practice in Tallahassee and comments about the presidential election.She describes the romantic affairs of her brother James; her illness and plans to recover in Virginia (May 15, 1837); her stay in St. Joseph [Bay?] for the summer because of her health, reading the works of Hannah More (1745-1833) while staying in St. Joseph, especially The History of Hester Wilmot and description of the area (July 30, 1838); her return to Tallahassee, and her husband's new store (October 22, 1838); and her stay in a boarding house near the store (December 15, 1838). ","Correspondents in the folder of general correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families include: Robert Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters (March 20 and July 23, 1794; n.d.); John Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters, his lawsuit with Isaac Robinson, and a reference to the Whisky Rebellion at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania (August 19, 1794); William Breckinridge to James Breckinridge (September 1794); James Breckinridge to Ann Breckinridge discussing the sickness of Lewis and news about others of their acquaintance (January 24, 1819); James Breckinridge to Edward Watts mentions the James River bill and the death of Judge Fleming which left a vacancy on the court (February 22, 1824). ","Mary Page Randolph discusses her unexpected trip to Montpelier, Orange County, and Edgehill, Albemarle County, Virginia, with Thomas Jefferson Randolph, and sympathy for Mary S. Watts' \"late bereavement\" (July 22, 1833); Robert Gamble to Colonel Edward Watts discusses the visit of Mary Scott Watts and the death of his niece Laura (January 13, 1834); Edward Watts to his daughter, Elizabeth B. Watts, announcing the death of Mary Watts Gamble on May 22, 1840 (1840); Emma W. Breckinridge to her niece Letty [Letitia G. Watts?] (December 21, 1850); and John Wickham to James Breckinridge, notifying them of a death which has greatly distressed Betsy (August 14, n.y.). ","There are several letters from Nannie Gamble to her cousin, Letitia G. Watts, in which she describes her return visit from New York to Savannah, Georgia by ship (November 13, 1843) furnishes news of the family while in the mountains, near Abingdon, Virginia (January 20, 1845); expresses her sorrow at the news of the death of their friend, Lizzie Peyton, and describes the difficult journey home from Abingdon to Tallahassee which took five weeks (March 4, 1845); mentions the death of Lucy Gilmer (May 31, 1845); and a final letter from Nannie Gamble with a note written by Letitia on the bottom, \"The last letter ever received from my darling cousin N.S.G. who is now numbered with the dead\" (September 9, 1845). "],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":281,"online_item_count_is":1,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-09T07:08:45.006Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c03_c16"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c03_c04","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Watts family correspondence that mentions enslaved people, Little Jimy, Davy, Dicey","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c03_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c03_c04","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c03_c04"],"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c03_c04","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c03","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c03","parent_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c03"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c03"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Watts family papers-addition","Series 3. Documents related to Enslavement"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Watts family papers-addition","Series 3. Documents related to Enslavement"],"text":["Watts family papers-addition","Series 3. Documents related to Enslavement","Watts family correspondence that mentions enslaved people, Little Jimy, Davy, Dicey","box 5","folder 4"],"title_filing_ssi":"Watts family correspondence that mentions enslaved people, Little Jimy, Davy, Dicey","title_ssm":["Watts family correspondence that mentions enslaved people, Little Jimy, Davy, Dicey"],"title_tesim":["Watts family correspondence that mentions enslaved people, Little Jimy, Davy, Dicey"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1834-1849"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1834/1849"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Watts family correspondence that mentions enslaved people, Little Jimy, Davy, Dicey"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Watts family papers-addition"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":71,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research use."],"date_range_isim":[1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849],"containers_ssim":["box 5","folder 4"],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#3","timestamp":"2026-06-09T07:08:45.006Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1396.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/151360","title_filing_ssi":"Watts family papers","title_ssm":["Watts family papers-addition"],"title_tesim":["Watts family papers-addition"],"unitdate_ssm":["1786-1950"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1786-1950"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 12170","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource 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Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1396","Watts family papers-addition","United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Slavery--United States -- Virginia","lawyers -- Virginia","The collection is open for research use.","The Watts family papers are arranged into 9 series. Series 1. Family Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, History and letters of James and Dolley Madison, Series 3. Documents related to enslavement, Series 4. Legal and Financial papers, Subseries A. Indentures, Subseries B. Marriage agreements, petitions, statements, and wills, Subseries C. Letters about collecting debts, Subseries D. Receipts for goods and services of the Watts family, Series 5. Newspaper clippings and miscellaneous family papers and oversize photographs, Series 6. Family Bibles, Series 7. Roanoke Gun Club Inc. land, Series 8. Showalter transcriptions on digital materials and a flash drive. Box 1 contains folders with some transcription of the letters in the collection and a folder with biographical information. Box 12 contains folders with an index and a folder of miscellaneous information about the collection. ","Added existing collection MSS 12170 (3 folders) of Breckinridge, Gamble and Watts families into this addition of Watts family papers MSS 12170. ","The Watts family has been part of the Roanoke Valley (also called \"Big Lick\") in Virginia for six generations. General Edward Watts was born on 7 April 1779, in Prince Edward, Virginia. He was the son of William Watts (1742-1797), and Mary Scott (1758-1836). He married Elizabeth Breckinridge, the daughter of James Breckinridge on 6 May 1811 and they had 10 children, including William Watts (1817-1877), Mary Scott Gamble (1814-1840), Ann Selden Watts Holcombe (1820-1888), Alice Watts Robertson (1832-1914), Emma Gilmer Watts Carr (1834-1872) and Letitia Watts Sorrell (1829-1900). Edward Watts purchased 400 acres of land from his father-in-law, James Breckinridge (called The Barrens) where he built his home \"Oaklands\" in 1817. General Edward Watts died in 1859 at age 59. The Watts and Breckinridge families were well-known families in southwest Virginia who enslaved people during the American Revolution and the American Civil War. They were admired by their peers as influential attorneys, politicians, and land owners who often opened their house to the community.","General Edward Watts was educated at Liberty Hall Academy (Washington \u0026 Lee), and Princeton. He was an officer in the War of 1812 and was the Commonwealth attorney for Roanoke County from 1839 to 1845. His son, William Watts (1817-1877) was a Colonel in the 28th Infantry of the Confederate Army (Roanoke Greys). He was educated in medicine and law at the University of Virginia. ","After the war, he followed in his father's path as the Commonwealth attorney from 1845 to 1854. He was in the State Constitutional Convention (1850-1851), and was president of the Exchange Bank of Virginia. He also ran for governor in 1834 and 1842. He served in the legislature for one term in 1875. He married Mary Allen in 1850 and they had one living son, John Allen Watts (1855-1904). Mary Allen died following his birth in 1855. Colonel William Watts was also a farmer who enslaved over 100 people. He was said to have one enslaved person as his \"body servant\" through the war and gave him a home for life. Research of the collection has not yet provided his name.","John Allen Watts (1855-1904) nicknamed \"Squat\" was also a student at the University of Virginia and became an attorney. He married Gertrude Lee and they had a son named William. John Allen Watts sold Oaklands to a develpment company and it burned down in 1897. Descendants Jean Staples Showalter, English Showalter, and Katherine Watts donated this collection of their family's papers. ","Sources:\n\"Roanoke and Western Virginia: Glimpses of the Pst: Oaklands\" http://showalter.blogspot.com/2010/12/oaklands.html","Barnes, Raymond. \"Confederates of Roanoke-V: General Edward Watts and Colonel William Watts Founded Clan\" Roanoke World News. 5 April 1961. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/94647C8F-8806-4D18-8A04-445143233613#gallery","\nBarnes, Raymond. 'Oaklands' Was Hospitable Seat of Watts Family for Generations: Needed Big Staff\" Roanoke World News. 21 May 1958. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/53DC8EB0-DBE3-4B95-B4AF-027946626463#gallery","\nWatts, Katherine. \"The Roanoke Valley and the Watts Family\" June 1984.","There is a website at the O. Winston Link Museum (History Museum of West Virginia) that has many of the Watts family letters online ","https://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/byperson?page=3\u0026keyword=Watts%2C%20William\u0026searchType=person\u0026showsearch=True","Related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 8914, and MSS 653.","MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.","The Watts family papers of Roanoke County, Virginia at \"Oaklands\" in Flat Creek, Campbell County) consist of correspondence and documents related to the American Revolution, the War of 1812, the United States Civil War, war with Osceola and Seminole tribes in Florida, Virginia politics, economic and social history (including enslavement),land ownership, farming, court cases and debt from 1786 to 1950 in southwest Virginia. The Watts are related to many other Virginia families including James and Dolley Madison. This collection represents a great view into historical and social events of the eighteenth and nineteenth century in Virginia.","The papers of this family of landowners, farmers, politicians, and attorneys portray the rich southern antebellum life on the Oaklands plantation. Despite the told and true characteristics of the kindness of the Watts family, they were nineteenth century southern plantation owners who owned hundreds of enslaved persons. The letters and receipts in the collection include many first names and some last names. One enslaved person, Henry Langhorne, a lifetime attendant of Colonel William Watts was bequeathed $1,000 and a home for life. ","Some letters mention the Watt's efforts to keep enslaved families from being separated by intervening in the sales of enslaved persons. There are many references to enslaved people among their households and farm, including descriptions of providing their clothing, housing, and nurturing them when they were sick, like family members. It is important to note that the collection also contains receipts for their purchase and loan. ","The issue of enslavement is discussed in local meetings that Watts attended. There are also letters from former enslaved persons such as [Malinda] Langhorne and William Langhorne to Watts family members and photographs of enslaved persons, Aunt Sally and Aunt Phoebe standing together, and a photograph of Uncle Lou with the Watts children. ","There is also correspondence about financial and legal matters as Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his father, General Edward Watts (1779-1859), were attorneys. Much of their correspondence relates to collecting debts, indentures, land surveys, receipts, and politics (Whig party, Commonwealth Attorney, Constitutional Convention, Virginia Delegates, and candidacy for Governor), and religion. The papers contain discussions about the popular faith of Presbyterians and Episcopalians). The University of Virginia, Washington \u0026 Lee, and William \u0026 Mary College are also mentioned.","The collection spans six generations of the Watts family including General Edward Watts and his wife Elizabeth Breckinridge (1794-1862), their son Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his wife Mary Jane Allen (1825-1855). Also included is their son, John Allen Watts and his wife Gertrude Lee. ","Other related families include Madison, Breckenridge, Allen, Jackson, Watson, Morris, Gamble, Payne, Washington, Meigs, and Saunders. (MSS 653) Other related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples..(see related materials note)","The papers of Mary Scott Watts Gamble have been combined into this collection. These letters contain her accounts of attacks by Osceola and Seminole people in Florida. She mentions that Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) ","Box 1 contains a folder of transcriptions for some of the collection letters and a folder of biographical information.","Letter dated 1819 mentions \"Joshua\" who rode Edward Watts' horse for him.","There are newspaper clippings about the Watts family. Included is a newspaper article, \"Number of Colored Residents Have Been Here for 50 Years,\" 28 January, 1934 about families in Roanoke that were enslaved 50 years earlier. Nettie Simms Calloway claims that her father, L. M. Simm, was owned by Colonel William Watts and that her great-grandmother was enslaved by General Edward Watts at Oaklands. Other family names of enslaved persons are named in the article. ","An obituary for Colonel William Watts mentions that a large group enslaved people were around him at his death including Henry Langhorne who had attended him during the war and throughout his life. Colonel Watts left him $1,000 in his will and a permanent home. ","There is an address by John Allen Watts and  newspaper clippings about the Watts family.","A. Indentures, deeds, plats, receipts, tax statements,petitions, and wills. B. Letters about debt collection. C.Stocks D. Receipt for goods and services for Watts family","[Leather Bound] Reverend Washington Erben and Reverend Clement Butler, Reverend Alfred Nevin, Gustave Dore\nErben, Washington; Butler, Clement, Nevin, Alfred; Dore, Gustave [Illustrator]\nPublished by John E. Potter and Company, 1880","Autographed Elizabeth Watts, with date January 1817. Written note \"December 29, [1846] I commenced.\" Paste down on inside front cover, obituary of General Edward Watts, August 9, 1859.","This series consists of the correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families, ca.1794-1850, but chiefly that of Mary Scott Watts Gamble (1814-1840)daughter of General Edward Watts. The name has been changed to Watts family papers as of March 2023. There are many related collections of the Watts family papers. MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; and MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.","Mary Gamble wrote to her aunt, Emma W. Breckinridge, Grove Hill, Fincastle, Botetourt County, Virginia; her mother, Elizabeth Breckinridge Watts and her father, General Edward Watts, Oakland, near Big Lick, Botetourt County, Virginia; her brothers, William and James B. Watts; and her sisters, Ann S. Watts and Letitia G. Watts. ","Most of the letters to her immediate family were written after her marriage and move to Welaunee, Florida, located near Tallahassee, except for several to her brother William Watts while he was away at the New London Academy, Campbell County, Virginia. Many of Mary Watts Gamble's letters are to her aunt, Mrs. Cary Breckinridge (Emma W. Gilmer), 1831-1838, and most of them were written prior to her marriage in 1834. All of her undated letters to her aunt appear to have been written before her marriage and are filed at the beginning of the year 1834 as [ante 1834]. ","Mary Watts Gamble at Flat Creek writes about the purchase of 34 enslaved persons by Uncle Gamble to prepare the ground for cotton. Her letters also describe her experiences of the conflicts with the Osceola and Seminole warriors in Florida (causing her to learn how to load and shoot a gun). She mentions the Second Seminole War in Florida. Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) ","There are details of her accounts of the interactions of the Seminoles  on women, children, and enslaved persons including one on the property of Judge Randall, including the burning of buildings in Magnolia and Hickstown and upon the home, family, and enslaved persons of Mrs. Purifoy, wife of a Methodist minister and daughter of Captain Byrd, just four miles away from Welaunee (April 13, 1838). She mentions the removal of the Apalachicola tribe to the West; the actions of Territorial Governor Richard Keith Call (1792-1862), and the Gambles forced evacuation from Welaunee to Tallahassee for safety. (May 9, 1836) They planned to sail on the Brig Orion from St. Marks to New Orleans, taking a steamboat to Louisville, and then proceeding by mail [coach?] to White Sulphur Springs, [West] Virginia (May 21, 1836). ","She also mentions her disapproval of the plans of General [Winfield?] Scott for delaying the pursuit of the Seminole War to a later time. She writes about the recent Texas disasters at [the Alamo?] and the loss of [James Walker] Fannin's detachment at the Massacre at La Bahia (Goliad), including concern about the fate of her acquaintances Burr and John Duval. A website on the history of Texas records that Burr and Duval were captured and executed (April 24, 1836). ","Her letters also include the health and news of famly members; her marriage to her cousin James Gamble; her attendance at three days of preaching at the Academy (May 19, 1832); the unpopularity of the Reverend [Gyng?] in Tallahasseethe family's concern for William and Robert over an outbreak of scarlet fever near New London Academy(January 12, 1833); and the illness and death of her grandfather, General James Breckinridge.   (May 15, 1833).","\nAdditional subjects include  attempts to persuade her her attempts to convince her brother James to begin his law practice in Tallahassee and comments about the presidential election.She describes the romantic affairs of her brother James; her illness and plans to recover in Virginia (May 15, 1837); her stay in St. Joseph [Bay?] for the summer because of her health, reading the works of Hannah More (1745-1833) while staying in St. Joseph, especially The History of Hester Wilmot and description of the area (July 30, 1838); her return to Tallahassee, and her husband's new store (October 22, 1838); and her stay in a boarding house near the store (December 15, 1838). ","Correspondents in the folder of general correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families include: Robert Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters (March 20 and July 23, 1794; n.d.); John Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters, his lawsuit with Isaac Robinson, and a reference to the Whisky Rebellion at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania (August 19, 1794); William Breckinridge to James Breckinridge (September 1794); James Breckinridge to Ann Breckinridge discussing the sickness of Lewis and news about others of their acquaintance (January 24, 1819); James Breckinridge to Edward Watts mentions the James River bill and the death of Judge Fleming which left a vacancy on the court (February 22, 1824). ","Mary Page Randolph discusses her unexpected trip to Montpelier, Orange County, and Edgehill, Albemarle County, Virginia, with Thomas Jefferson Randolph, and sympathy for Mary S. Watts' \"late bereavement\" (July 22, 1833); Robert Gamble to Colonel Edward Watts discusses the visit of Mary Scott Watts and the death of his niece Laura (January 13, 1834); Edward Watts to his daughter, Elizabeth B. Watts, announcing the death of Mary Watts Gamble on May 22, 1840 (1840); Emma W. Breckinridge to her niece Letty [Letitia G. Watts?] (December 21, 1850); and John Wickham to James Breckinridge, notifying them of a death which has greatly distressed Betsy (August 14, n.y.). ","There are several letters from Nannie Gamble to her cousin, Letitia G. Watts, in which she describes her return visit from New York to Savannah, Georgia by ship (November 13, 1843) furnishes news of the family while in the mountains, near Abingdon, Virginia (January 20, 1845); expresses her sorrow at the news of the death of their friend, Lizzie Peyton, and describes the difficult journey home from Abingdon to Tallahassee which took five weeks (March 4, 1845); mentions the death of Lucy Gilmer (May 31, 1845); and a final letter from Nannie Gamble with a note written by Letitia on the bottom, \"The last letter ever received from my darling cousin N.S.G. who is now numbered with the dead\" (September 9, 1845). ","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 12170","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1396"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Watts family papers-addition"],"collection_title_tesim":["Watts family papers-addition"],"collection_ssim":["Watts family papers-addition"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"geogname_ssim":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"places_ssim":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was a gift from Katherine Watts to the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia Library on 9 April 2022."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Slavery--United States -- Virginia","lawyers -- Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Slavery--United States -- Virginia","lawyers -- Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["9 Cubic Feet 12 legal size document boxes, 1 half-size legal document box, 2 cubics of bibles, and 2 oversize boxes",".107 Gigabytes","0.25 Cubic Feet"],"extent_tesim":["9 Cubic Feet 12 legal size document boxes, 1 half-size legal document box, 2 cubics of bibles, and 2 oversize boxes",".107 Gigabytes","0.25 Cubic Feet"],"physfacet_tesim":["2,588 files, 2, 371 MS Word files, 176 Open office documents, 23 jpegs, 13 Apple/Double files, 3 tiffs, 1 pdf.","Oversize box: Photographs and certificates of Watts family members (deframed)"],"date_range_isim":[1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Watts family papers are arranged into 9 series. Series 1. Family Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, History and letters of James and Dolley Madison, Series 3. Documents related to enslavement, Series 4. Legal and Financial papers, Subseries A. Indentures, Subseries B. Marriage agreements, petitions, statements, and wills, Subseries C. Letters about collecting debts, Subseries D. Receipts for goods and services of the Watts family, Series 5. Newspaper clippings and miscellaneous family papers and oversize photographs, Series 6. Family Bibles, Series 7. Roanoke Gun Club Inc. land, Series 8. Showalter transcriptions on digital materials and a flash drive. Box 1 contains folders with some transcription of the letters in the collection and a folder with biographical information. Box 12 contains folders with an index and a folder of miscellaneous information about the collection. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdded existing collection MSS 12170 (3 folders) of Breckinridge, Gamble and Watts families into this addition of Watts family papers MSS 12170. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Watts family papers are arranged into 9 series. Series 1. Family Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, History and letters of James and Dolley Madison, Series 3. Documents related to enslavement, Series 4. Legal and Financial papers, Subseries A. Indentures, Subseries B. Marriage agreements, petitions, statements, and wills, Subseries C. Letters about collecting debts, Subseries D. Receipts for goods and services of the Watts family, Series 5. Newspaper clippings and miscellaneous family papers and oversize photographs, Series 6. Family Bibles, Series 7. Roanoke Gun Club Inc. land, Series 8. Showalter transcriptions on digital materials and a flash drive. Box 1 contains folders with some transcription of the letters in the collection and a folder with biographical information. Box 12 contains folders with an index and a folder of miscellaneous information about the collection. ","Added existing collection MSS 12170 (3 folders) of Breckinridge, Gamble and Watts families into this addition of Watts family papers MSS 12170. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Watts family has been part of the Roanoke Valley (also called \"Big Lick\") in Virginia for six generations. General Edward Watts was born on 7 April 1779, in Prince Edward, Virginia. He was the son of William Watts (1742-1797), and Mary Scott (1758-1836). He married Elizabeth Breckinridge, the daughter of James Breckinridge on 6 May 1811 and they had 10 children, including William Watts (1817-1877), Mary Scott Gamble (1814-1840), Ann Selden Watts Holcombe (1820-1888), Alice Watts Robertson (1832-1914), Emma Gilmer Watts Carr (1834-1872) and Letitia Watts Sorrell (1829-1900). Edward Watts purchased 400 acres of land from his father-in-law, James Breckinridge (called The Barrens) where he built his home \"Oaklands\" in 1817. General Edward Watts died in 1859 at age 59. The Watts and Breckinridge families were well-known families in southwest Virginia who enslaved people during the American Revolution and the American Civil War. They were admired by their peers as influential attorneys, politicians, and land owners who often opened their house to the community.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeneral Edward Watts was educated at Liberty Hall Academy (Washington \u0026amp; Lee), and Princeton. He was an officer in the War of 1812 and was the Commonwealth attorney for Roanoke County from 1839 to 1845. His son, William Watts (1817-1877) was a Colonel in the 28th Infantry of the Confederate Army (Roanoke Greys). He was educated in medicine and law at the University of Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter the war, he followed in his father's path as the Commonwealth attorney from 1845 to 1854. He was in the State Constitutional Convention (1850-1851), and was president of the Exchange Bank of Virginia. He also ran for governor in 1834 and 1842. He served in the legislature for one term in 1875. He married Mary Allen in 1850 and they had one living son, John Allen Watts (1855-1904). Mary Allen died following his birth in 1855. Colonel William Watts was also a farmer who enslaved over 100 people. He was said to have one enslaved person as his \"body servant\" through the war and gave him a home for life. Research of the collection has not yet provided his name.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohn Allen Watts (1855-1904) nicknamed \"Squat\" was also a student at the University of Virginia and became an attorney. He married Gertrude Lee and they had a son named William. John Allen Watts sold Oaklands to a develpment company and it burned down in 1897. Descendants Jean Staples Showalter, English Showalter, and Katherine Watts donated this collection of their family's papers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources:\n\"Roanoke and Western Virginia: Glimpses of the Pst: Oaklands\" http://showalter.blogspot.com/2010/12/oaklands.html\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBarnes, Raymond. \"Confederates of Roanoke-V: General Edward Watts and Colonel William Watts Founded Clan\" Roanoke World News. 5 April 1961. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/94647C8F-8806-4D18-8A04-445143233613#gallery\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nBarnes, Raymond. 'Oaklands' Was Hospitable Seat of Watts Family for Generations: Needed Big Staff\" Roanoke World News. 21 May 1958. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/53DC8EB0-DBE3-4B95-B4AF-027946626463#gallery\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nWatts, Katherine. \"The Roanoke Valley and the Watts Family\" June 1984.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Watts family has been part of the Roanoke Valley (also called \"Big Lick\") in Virginia for six generations. General Edward Watts was born on 7 April 1779, in Prince Edward, Virginia. He was the son of William Watts (1742-1797), and Mary Scott (1758-1836). He married Elizabeth Breckinridge, the daughter of James Breckinridge on 6 May 1811 and they had 10 children, including William Watts (1817-1877), Mary Scott Gamble (1814-1840), Ann Selden Watts Holcombe (1820-1888), Alice Watts Robertson (1832-1914), Emma Gilmer Watts Carr (1834-1872) and Letitia Watts Sorrell (1829-1900). Edward Watts purchased 400 acres of land from his father-in-law, James Breckinridge (called The Barrens) where he built his home \"Oaklands\" in 1817. General Edward Watts died in 1859 at age 59. The Watts and Breckinridge families were well-known families in southwest Virginia who enslaved people during the American Revolution and the American Civil War. They were admired by their peers as influential attorneys, politicians, and land owners who often opened their house to the community.","General Edward Watts was educated at Liberty Hall Academy (Washington \u0026 Lee), and Princeton. He was an officer in the War of 1812 and was the Commonwealth attorney for Roanoke County from 1839 to 1845. His son, William Watts (1817-1877) was a Colonel in the 28th Infantry of the Confederate Army (Roanoke Greys). He was educated in medicine and law at the University of Virginia. ","After the war, he followed in his father's path as the Commonwealth attorney from 1845 to 1854. He was in the State Constitutional Convention (1850-1851), and was president of the Exchange Bank of Virginia. He also ran for governor in 1834 and 1842. He served in the legislature for one term in 1875. He married Mary Allen in 1850 and they had one living son, John Allen Watts (1855-1904). Mary Allen died following his birth in 1855. Colonel William Watts was also a farmer who enslaved over 100 people. He was said to have one enslaved person as his \"body servant\" through the war and gave him a home for life. Research of the collection has not yet provided his name.","John Allen Watts (1855-1904) nicknamed \"Squat\" was also a student at the University of Virginia and became an attorney. He married Gertrude Lee and they had a son named William. John Allen Watts sold Oaklands to a develpment company and it burned down in 1897. Descendants Jean Staples Showalter, English Showalter, and Katherine Watts donated this collection of their family's papers. ","Sources:\n\"Roanoke and Western Virginia: Glimpses of the Pst: Oaklands\" http://showalter.blogspot.com/2010/12/oaklands.html","Barnes, Raymond. \"Confederates of Roanoke-V: General Edward Watts and Colonel William Watts Founded Clan\" Roanoke World News. 5 April 1961. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/94647C8F-8806-4D18-8A04-445143233613#gallery","\nBarnes, Raymond. 'Oaklands' Was Hospitable Seat of Watts Family for Generations: Needed Big Staff\" Roanoke World News. 21 May 1958. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/53DC8EB0-DBE3-4B95-B4AF-027946626463#gallery","\nWatts, Katherine. \"The Roanoke Valley and the Watts Family\" June 1984."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 12170, Watts family papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 12170, Watts family papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere is a website at the O. Winston Link Museum (History Museum of West Virginia) that has many of the Watts family letters online \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ehttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/byperson?page=3\u0026amp;keyword=Watts%2C%20William\u0026amp;searchType=person\u0026amp;showsearch=True\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRelated collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 8914, and MSS 653.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials","Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["There is a website at the O. Winston Link Museum (History Museum of West Virginia) that has many of the Watts family letters online ","https://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/byperson?page=3\u0026keyword=Watts%2C%20William\u0026searchType=person\u0026showsearch=True","Related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 8914, and MSS 653.","MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Watts family papers of Roanoke County, Virginia at \"Oaklands\" in Flat Creek, Campbell County) consist of correspondence and documents related to the American Revolution, the War of 1812, the United States Civil War, war with Osceola and Seminole tribes in Florida, Virginia politics, economic and social history (including enslavement),land ownership, farming, court cases and debt from 1786 to 1950 in southwest Virginia. The Watts are related to many other Virginia families including James and Dolley Madison. This collection represents a great view into historical and social events of the eighteenth and nineteenth century in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe papers of this family of landowners, farmers, politicians, and attorneys portray the rich southern antebellum life on the Oaklands plantation. Despite the told and true characteristics of the kindness of the Watts family, they were nineteenth century southern plantation owners who owned hundreds of enslaved persons. The letters and receipts in the collection include many first names and some last names. One enslaved person, Henry Langhorne, a lifetime attendant of Colonel William Watts was bequeathed $1,000 and a home for life. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSome letters mention the Watt's efforts to keep enslaved families from being separated by intervening in the sales of enslaved persons. There are many references to enslaved people among their households and farm, including descriptions of providing their clothing, housing, and nurturing them when they were sick, like family members. It is important to note that the collection also contains receipts for their purchase and loan. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe issue of enslavement is discussed in local meetings that Watts attended. There are also letters from former enslaved persons such as [Malinda] Langhorne and William Langhorne to Watts family members and photographs of enslaved persons, Aunt Sally and Aunt Phoebe standing together, and a photograph of Uncle Lou with the Watts children. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is also correspondence about financial and legal matters as Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his father, General Edward Watts (1779-1859), were attorneys. Much of their correspondence relates to collecting debts, indentures, land surveys, receipts, and politics (Whig party, Commonwealth Attorney, Constitutional Convention, Virginia Delegates, and candidacy for Governor), and religion. The papers contain discussions about the popular faith of Presbyterians and Episcopalians). The University of Virginia, Washington \u0026amp; Lee, and William \u0026amp; Mary College are also mentioned.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection spans six generations of the Watts family including General Edward Watts and his wife Elizabeth Breckinridge (1794-1862), their son Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his wife Mary Jane Allen (1825-1855). Also included is their son, John Allen Watts and his wife Gertrude Lee. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther related families include Madison, Breckenridge, Allen, Jackson, Watson, Morris, Gamble, Payne, Washington, Meigs, and Saunders. (MSS 653) Other related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples..(see related materials note)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Mary Scott Watts Gamble have been combined into this collection. These letters contain her accounts of attacks by Osceola and Seminole people in Florida. She mentions that Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 1 contains a folder of transcriptions for some of the collection letters and a folder of biographical information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter dated 1819 mentions \"Joshua\" who rode Edward Watts' horse for him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are newspaper clippings about the Watts family. Included is a newspaper article, \"Number of Colored Residents Have Been Here for 50 Years,\" 28 January, 1934 about families in Roanoke that were enslaved 50 years earlier. Nettie Simms Calloway claims that her father, L. M. Simm, was owned by Colonel William Watts and that her great-grandmother was enslaved by General Edward Watts at Oaklands. Other family names of enslaved persons are named in the article. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAn obituary for Colonel William Watts mentions that a large group enslaved people were around him at his death including Henry Langhorne who had attended him during the war and throughout his life. Colonel Watts left him $1,000 in his will and a permanent home. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere is an address by John Allen Watts and  newspaper clippings about the Watts family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA. Indentures, deeds, plats, receipts, tax statements,petitions, and wills. B. Letters about debt collection. C.Stocks D. Receipt for goods and services for Watts family\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Leather Bound] Reverend Washington Erben and Reverend Clement Butler, Reverend Alfred Nevin, Gustave Dore\nErben, Washington; Butler, Clement, Nevin, Alfred; Dore, Gustave [Illustrator]\nPublished by John E. Potter and Company, 1880\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAutographed Elizabeth Watts, with date January 1817. Written note \"December 29, [1846] I commenced.\" Paste down on inside front cover, obituary of General Edward Watts, August 9, 1859.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of the correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families, ca.1794-1850, but chiefly that of Mary Scott Watts Gamble (1814-1840)daughter of General Edward Watts. The name has been changed to Watts family papers as of March 2023. There are many related collections of the Watts family papers. MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; and MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMary Gamble wrote to her aunt, Emma W. Breckinridge, Grove Hill, Fincastle, Botetourt County, Virginia; her mother, Elizabeth Breckinridge Watts and her father, General Edward Watts, Oakland, near Big Lick, Botetourt County, Virginia; her brothers, William and James B. Watts; and her sisters, Ann S. Watts and Letitia G. Watts. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMost of the letters to her immediate family were written after her marriage and move to Welaunee, Florida, located near Tallahassee, except for several to her brother William Watts while he was away at the New London Academy, Campbell County, Virginia. Many of Mary Watts Gamble's letters are to her aunt, Mrs. Cary Breckinridge (Emma W. Gilmer), 1831-1838, and most of them were written prior to her marriage in 1834. All of her undated letters to her aunt appear to have been written before her marriage and are filed at the beginning of the year 1834 as [ante 1834]. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMary Watts Gamble at Flat Creek writes about the purchase of 34 enslaved persons by Uncle Gamble to prepare the ground for cotton. Her letters also describe her experiences of the conflicts with the Osceola and Seminole warriors in Florida (causing her to learn how to load and shoot a gun). She mentions the Second Seminole War in Florida. Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are details of her accounts of the interactions of the Seminoles  on women, children, and enslaved persons including one on the property of Judge Randall, including the burning of buildings in Magnolia and Hickstown and upon the home, family, and enslaved persons of Mrs. Purifoy, wife of a Methodist minister and daughter of Captain Byrd, just four miles away from Welaunee (April 13, 1838). She mentions the removal of the Apalachicola tribe to the West; the actions of Territorial Governor Richard Keith Call (1792-1862), and the Gambles forced evacuation from Welaunee to Tallahassee for safety. (May 9, 1836) They planned to sail on the Brig Orion from St. Marks to New Orleans, taking a steamboat to Louisville, and then proceeding by mail [coach?] to White Sulphur Springs, [West] Virginia (May 21, 1836). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eShe also mentions her disapproval of the plans of General [Winfield?] Scott for delaying the pursuit of the Seminole War to a later time. She writes about the recent Texas disasters at [the Alamo?] and the loss of [James Walker] Fannin's detachment at the Massacre at La Bahia (Goliad), including concern about the fate of her acquaintances Burr and John Duval. A website on the history of Texas records that Burr and Duval were captured and executed (April 24, 1836). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHer letters also include the health and news of famly members; her marriage to her cousin James Gamble; her attendance at three days of preaching at the Academy (May 19, 1832); the unpopularity of the Reverend [Gyng?] in Tallahasseethe family's concern for William and Robert over an outbreak of scarlet fever near New London Academy(January 12, 1833); and the illness and death of her grandfather, General James Breckinridge.   (May 15, 1833).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAdditional subjects include  attempts to persuade her her attempts to convince her brother James to begin his law practice in Tallahassee and comments about the presidential election.She describes the romantic affairs of her brother James; her illness and plans to recover in Virginia (May 15, 1837); her stay in St. Joseph [Bay?] for the summer because of her health, reading the works of Hannah More (1745-1833) while staying in St. Joseph, especially The History of Hester Wilmot and description of the area (July 30, 1838); her return to Tallahassee, and her husband's new store (October 22, 1838); and her stay in a boarding house near the store (December 15, 1838). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents in the folder of general correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families include: Robert Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters (March 20 and July 23, 1794; n.d.); John Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters, his lawsuit with Isaac Robinson, and a reference to the Whisky Rebellion at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania (August 19, 1794); William Breckinridge to James Breckinridge (September 1794); James Breckinridge to Ann Breckinridge discussing the sickness of Lewis and news about others of their acquaintance (January 24, 1819); James Breckinridge to Edward Watts mentions the James River bill and the death of Judge Fleming which left a vacancy on the court (February 22, 1824). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMary Page Randolph discusses her unexpected trip to Montpelier, Orange County, and Edgehill, Albemarle County, Virginia, with Thomas Jefferson Randolph, and sympathy for Mary S. Watts' \"late bereavement\" (July 22, 1833); Robert Gamble to Colonel Edward Watts discusses the visit of Mary Scott Watts and the death of his niece Laura (January 13, 1834); Edward Watts to his daughter, Elizabeth B. Watts, announcing the death of Mary Watts Gamble on May 22, 1840 (1840); Emma W. Breckinridge to her niece Letty [Letitia G. Watts?] (December 21, 1850); and John Wickham to James Breckinridge, notifying them of a death which has greatly distressed Betsy (August 14, n.y.). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are several letters from Nannie Gamble to her cousin, Letitia G. Watts, in which she describes her return visit from New York to Savannah, Georgia by ship (November 13, 1843) furnishes news of the family while in the mountains, near Abingdon, Virginia (January 20, 1845); expresses her sorrow at the news of the death of their friend, Lizzie Peyton, and describes the difficult journey home from Abingdon to Tallahassee which took five weeks (March 4, 1845); mentions the death of Lucy Gilmer (May 31, 1845); and a final letter from Nannie Gamble with a note written by Letitia on the bottom, \"The last letter ever received from my darling cousin N.S.G. who is now numbered with the dead\" (September 9, 1845). \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Watts family papers of Roanoke County, Virginia at \"Oaklands\" in Flat Creek, Campbell County) consist of correspondence and documents related to the American Revolution, the War of 1812, the United States Civil War, war with Osceola and Seminole tribes in Florida, Virginia politics, economic and social history (including enslavement),land ownership, farming, court cases and debt from 1786 to 1950 in southwest Virginia. The Watts are related to many other Virginia families including James and Dolley Madison. This collection represents a great view into historical and social events of the eighteenth and nineteenth century in Virginia.","The papers of this family of landowners, farmers, politicians, and attorneys portray the rich southern antebellum life on the Oaklands plantation. Despite the told and true characteristics of the kindness of the Watts family, they were nineteenth century southern plantation owners who owned hundreds of enslaved persons. The letters and receipts in the collection include many first names and some last names. One enslaved person, Henry Langhorne, a lifetime attendant of Colonel William Watts was bequeathed $1,000 and a home for life. ","Some letters mention the Watt's efforts to keep enslaved families from being separated by intervening in the sales of enslaved persons. There are many references to enslaved people among their households and farm, including descriptions of providing their clothing, housing, and nurturing them when they were sick, like family members. It is important to note that the collection also contains receipts for their purchase and loan. ","The issue of enslavement is discussed in local meetings that Watts attended. There are also letters from former enslaved persons such as [Malinda] Langhorne and William Langhorne to Watts family members and photographs of enslaved persons, Aunt Sally and Aunt Phoebe standing together, and a photograph of Uncle Lou with the Watts children. ","There is also correspondence about financial and legal matters as Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his father, General Edward Watts (1779-1859), were attorneys. Much of their correspondence relates to collecting debts, indentures, land surveys, receipts, and politics (Whig party, Commonwealth Attorney, Constitutional Convention, Virginia Delegates, and candidacy for Governor), and religion. The papers contain discussions about the popular faith of Presbyterians and Episcopalians). The University of Virginia, Washington \u0026 Lee, and William \u0026 Mary College are also mentioned.","The collection spans six generations of the Watts family including General Edward Watts and his wife Elizabeth Breckinridge (1794-1862), their son Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his wife Mary Jane Allen (1825-1855). Also included is their son, John Allen Watts and his wife Gertrude Lee. ","Other related families include Madison, Breckenridge, Allen, Jackson, Watson, Morris, Gamble, Payne, Washington, Meigs, and Saunders. (MSS 653) Other related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples..(see related materials note)","The papers of Mary Scott Watts Gamble have been combined into this collection. These letters contain her accounts of attacks by Osceola and Seminole people in Florida. She mentions that Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) ","Box 1 contains a folder of transcriptions for some of the collection letters and a folder of biographical information.","Letter dated 1819 mentions \"Joshua\" who rode Edward Watts' horse for him.","There are newspaper clippings about the Watts family. Included is a newspaper article, \"Number of Colored Residents Have Been Here for 50 Years,\" 28 January, 1934 about families in Roanoke that were enslaved 50 years earlier. Nettie Simms Calloway claims that her father, L. M. Simm, was owned by Colonel William Watts and that her great-grandmother was enslaved by General Edward Watts at Oaklands. Other family names of enslaved persons are named in the article. ","An obituary for Colonel William Watts mentions that a large group enslaved people were around him at his death including Henry Langhorne who had attended him during the war and throughout his life. Colonel Watts left him $1,000 in his will and a permanent home. ","There is an address by John Allen Watts and  newspaper clippings about the Watts family.","A. Indentures, deeds, plats, receipts, tax statements,petitions, and wills. B. Letters about debt collection. C.Stocks D. Receipt for goods and services for Watts family","[Leather Bound] Reverend Washington Erben and Reverend Clement Butler, Reverend Alfred Nevin, Gustave Dore\nErben, Washington; Butler, Clement, Nevin, Alfred; Dore, Gustave [Illustrator]\nPublished by John E. Potter and Company, 1880","Autographed Elizabeth Watts, with date January 1817. Written note \"December 29, [1846] I commenced.\" Paste down on inside front cover, obituary of General Edward Watts, August 9, 1859.","This series consists of the correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families, ca.1794-1850, but chiefly that of Mary Scott Watts Gamble (1814-1840)daughter of General Edward Watts. The name has been changed to Watts family papers as of March 2023. There are many related collections of the Watts family papers. MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; and MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.","Mary Gamble wrote to her aunt, Emma W. Breckinridge, Grove Hill, Fincastle, Botetourt County, Virginia; her mother, Elizabeth Breckinridge Watts and her father, General Edward Watts, Oakland, near Big Lick, Botetourt County, Virginia; her brothers, William and James B. Watts; and her sisters, Ann S. Watts and Letitia G. Watts. ","Most of the letters to her immediate family were written after her marriage and move to Welaunee, Florida, located near Tallahassee, except for several to her brother William Watts while he was away at the New London Academy, Campbell County, Virginia. Many of Mary Watts Gamble's letters are to her aunt, Mrs. Cary Breckinridge (Emma W. Gilmer), 1831-1838, and most of them were written prior to her marriage in 1834. All of her undated letters to her aunt appear to have been written before her marriage and are filed at the beginning of the year 1834 as [ante 1834]. ","Mary Watts Gamble at Flat Creek writes about the purchase of 34 enslaved persons by Uncle Gamble to prepare the ground for cotton. Her letters also describe her experiences of the conflicts with the Osceola and Seminole warriors in Florida (causing her to learn how to load and shoot a gun). She mentions the Second Seminole War in Florida. Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) ","There are details of her accounts of the interactions of the Seminoles  on women, children, and enslaved persons including one on the property of Judge Randall, including the burning of buildings in Magnolia and Hickstown and upon the home, family, and enslaved persons of Mrs. Purifoy, wife of a Methodist minister and daughter of Captain Byrd, just four miles away from Welaunee (April 13, 1838). She mentions the removal of the Apalachicola tribe to the West; the actions of Territorial Governor Richard Keith Call (1792-1862), and the Gambles forced evacuation from Welaunee to Tallahassee for safety. (May 9, 1836) They planned to sail on the Brig Orion from St. Marks to New Orleans, taking a steamboat to Louisville, and then proceeding by mail [coach?] to White Sulphur Springs, [West] Virginia (May 21, 1836). ","She also mentions her disapproval of the plans of General [Winfield?] Scott for delaying the pursuit of the Seminole War to a later time. She writes about the recent Texas disasters at [the Alamo?] and the loss of [James Walker] Fannin's detachment at the Massacre at La Bahia (Goliad), including concern about the fate of her acquaintances Burr and John Duval. A website on the history of Texas records that Burr and Duval were captured and executed (April 24, 1836). ","Her letters also include the health and news of famly members; her marriage to her cousin James Gamble; her attendance at three days of preaching at the Academy (May 19, 1832); the unpopularity of the Reverend [Gyng?] in Tallahasseethe family's concern for William and Robert over an outbreak of scarlet fever near New London Academy(January 12, 1833); and the illness and death of her grandfather, General James Breckinridge.   (May 15, 1833).","\nAdditional subjects include  attempts to persuade her her attempts to convince her brother James to begin his law practice in Tallahassee and comments about the presidential election.She describes the romantic affairs of her brother James; her illness and plans to recover in Virginia (May 15, 1837); her stay in St. Joseph [Bay?] for the summer because of her health, reading the works of Hannah More (1745-1833) while staying in St. Joseph, especially The History of Hester Wilmot and description of the area (July 30, 1838); her return to Tallahassee, and her husband's new store (October 22, 1838); and her stay in a boarding house near the store (December 15, 1838). ","Correspondents in the folder of general correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families include: Robert Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters (March 20 and July 23, 1794; n.d.); John Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters, his lawsuit with Isaac Robinson, and a reference to the Whisky Rebellion at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania (August 19, 1794); William Breckinridge to James Breckinridge (September 1794); James Breckinridge to Ann Breckinridge discussing the sickness of Lewis and news about others of their acquaintance (January 24, 1819); James Breckinridge to Edward Watts mentions the James River bill and the death of Judge Fleming which left a vacancy on the court (February 22, 1824). ","Mary Page Randolph discusses her unexpected trip to Montpelier, Orange County, and Edgehill, Albemarle County, Virginia, with Thomas Jefferson Randolph, and sympathy for Mary S. Watts' \"late bereavement\" (July 22, 1833); Robert Gamble to Colonel Edward Watts discusses the visit of Mary Scott Watts and the death of his niece Laura (January 13, 1834); Edward Watts to his daughter, Elizabeth B. Watts, announcing the death of Mary Watts Gamble on May 22, 1840 (1840); Emma W. Breckinridge to her niece Letty [Letitia G. Watts?] (December 21, 1850); and John Wickham to James Breckinridge, notifying them of a death which has greatly distressed Betsy (August 14, n.y.). ","There are several letters from Nannie Gamble to her cousin, Letitia G. Watts, in which she describes her return visit from New York to Savannah, Georgia by ship (November 13, 1843) furnishes news of the family while in the mountains, near Abingdon, Virginia (January 20, 1845); expresses her sorrow at the news of the death of their friend, Lizzie Peyton, and describes the difficult journey home from Abingdon to Tallahassee which took five weeks (March 4, 1845); mentions the death of Lucy Gilmer (May 31, 1845); and a final letter from Nannie Gamble with a note written by Letitia on the bottom, \"The last letter ever received from my darling cousin N.S.G. who is now numbered with the dead\" (September 9, 1845). "],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":281,"online_item_count_is":1,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-09T07:08:45.006Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c03_c04"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Watts family papers-addition","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1396#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Watts family papers of Roanoke County, Virginia at \"Oaklands\" in Flat Creek, Campbell County) consist of correspondence and documents related to the American Revolution, the War of 1812, the United States Civil War, war with Osceola and Seminole tribes in Florida, Virginia politics, economic and social history (including enslavement),land ownership, farming, court cases and debt from 1786 to 1950 in southwest Virginia. The Watts are related to many other Virginia families including James and Dolley Madison. This collection represents a great view into historical and social events of the eighteenth and nineteenth century in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1396#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1396.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/151360","title_filing_ssi":"Watts family papers","title_ssm":["Watts family papers-addition"],"title_tesim":["Watts family papers-addition"],"unitdate_ssm":["1786-1950"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1786-1950"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 12170","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1396"],"text":["MSS 12170","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1396","Watts family papers-addition","United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Slavery--United States -- Virginia","lawyers -- Virginia","The collection is open for research use.","The Watts family papers are arranged into 9 series. Series 1. Family Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, History and letters of James and Dolley Madison, Series 3. Documents related to enslavement, Series 4. Legal and Financial papers, Subseries A. Indentures, Subseries B. Marriage agreements, petitions, statements, and wills, Subseries C. Letters about collecting debts, Subseries D. Receipts for goods and services of the Watts family, Series 5. Newspaper clippings and miscellaneous family papers and oversize photographs, Series 6. Family Bibles, Series 7. Roanoke Gun Club Inc. land, Series 8. Showalter transcriptions on digital materials and a flash drive. Box 1 contains folders with some transcription of the letters in the collection and a folder with biographical information. Box 12 contains folders with an index and a folder of miscellaneous information about the collection. ","Added existing collection MSS 12170 (3 folders) of Breckinridge, Gamble and Watts families into this addition of Watts family papers MSS 12170. ","The Watts family has been part of the Roanoke Valley (also called \"Big Lick\") in Virginia for six generations. General Edward Watts was born on 7 April 1779, in Prince Edward, Virginia. He was the son of William Watts (1742-1797), and Mary Scott (1758-1836). He married Elizabeth Breckinridge, the daughter of James Breckinridge on 6 May 1811 and they had 10 children, including William Watts (1817-1877), Mary Scott Gamble (1814-1840), Ann Selden Watts Holcombe (1820-1888), Alice Watts Robertson (1832-1914), Emma Gilmer Watts Carr (1834-1872) and Letitia Watts Sorrell (1829-1900). Edward Watts purchased 400 acres of land from his father-in-law, James Breckinridge (called The Barrens) where he built his home \"Oaklands\" in 1817. General Edward Watts died in 1859 at age 59. The Watts and Breckinridge families were well-known families in southwest Virginia who enslaved people during the American Revolution and the American Civil War. They were admired by their peers as influential attorneys, politicians, and land owners who often opened their house to the community.","General Edward Watts was educated at Liberty Hall Academy (Washington \u0026 Lee), and Princeton. He was an officer in the War of 1812 and was the Commonwealth attorney for Roanoke County from 1839 to 1845. His son, William Watts (1817-1877) was a Colonel in the 28th Infantry of the Confederate Army (Roanoke Greys). He was educated in medicine and law at the University of Virginia. ","After the war, he followed in his father's path as the Commonwealth attorney from 1845 to 1854. He was in the State Constitutional Convention (1850-1851), and was president of the Exchange Bank of Virginia. He also ran for governor in 1834 and 1842. He served in the legislature for one term in 1875. He married Mary Allen in 1850 and they had one living son, John Allen Watts (1855-1904). Mary Allen died following his birth in 1855. Colonel William Watts was also a farmer who enslaved over 100 people. He was said to have one enslaved person as his \"body servant\" through the war and gave him a home for life. Research of the collection has not yet provided his name.","John Allen Watts (1855-1904) nicknamed \"Squat\" was also a student at the University of Virginia and became an attorney. He married Gertrude Lee and they had a son named William. John Allen Watts sold Oaklands to a develpment company and it burned down in 1897. Descendants Jean Staples Showalter, English Showalter, and Katherine Watts donated this collection of their family's papers. ","Sources:\n\"Roanoke and Western Virginia: Glimpses of the Pst: Oaklands\" http://showalter.blogspot.com/2010/12/oaklands.html","Barnes, Raymond. \"Confederates of Roanoke-V: General Edward Watts and Colonel William Watts Founded Clan\" Roanoke World News. 5 April 1961. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/94647C8F-8806-4D18-8A04-445143233613#gallery","\nBarnes, Raymond. 'Oaklands' Was Hospitable Seat of Watts Family for Generations: Needed Big Staff\" Roanoke World News. 21 May 1958. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/53DC8EB0-DBE3-4B95-B4AF-027946626463#gallery","\nWatts, Katherine. \"The Roanoke Valley and the Watts Family\" June 1984.","There is a website at the O. Winston Link Museum (History Museum of West Virginia) that has many of the Watts family letters online ","https://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/byperson?page=3\u0026keyword=Watts%2C%20William\u0026searchType=person\u0026showsearch=True","Related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 8914, and MSS 653.","MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.","The Watts family papers of Roanoke County, Virginia at \"Oaklands\" in Flat Creek, Campbell County) consist of correspondence and documents related to the American Revolution, the War of 1812, the United States Civil War, war with Osceola and Seminole tribes in Florida, Virginia politics, economic and social history (including enslavement),land ownership, farming, court cases and debt from 1786 to 1950 in southwest Virginia. The Watts are related to many other Virginia families including James and Dolley Madison. This collection represents a great view into historical and social events of the eighteenth and nineteenth century in Virginia.","The papers of this family of landowners, farmers, politicians, and attorneys portray the rich southern antebellum life on the Oaklands plantation. Despite the told and true characteristics of the kindness of the Watts family, they were nineteenth century southern plantation owners who owned hundreds of enslaved persons. The letters and receipts in the collection include many first names and some last names. One enslaved person, Henry Langhorne, a lifetime attendant of Colonel William Watts was bequeathed $1,000 and a home for life. ","Some letters mention the Watt's efforts to keep enslaved families from being separated by intervening in the sales of enslaved persons. There are many references to enslaved people among their households and farm, including descriptions of providing their clothing, housing, and nurturing them when they were sick, like family members. It is important to note that the collection also contains receipts for their purchase and loan. ","The issue of enslavement is discussed in local meetings that Watts attended. There are also letters from former enslaved persons such as [Malinda] Langhorne and William Langhorne to Watts family members and photographs of enslaved persons, Aunt Sally and Aunt Phoebe standing together, and a photograph of Uncle Lou with the Watts children. ","There is also correspondence about financial and legal matters as Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his father, General Edward Watts (1779-1859), were attorneys. Much of their correspondence relates to collecting debts, indentures, land surveys, receipts, and politics (Whig party, Commonwealth Attorney, Constitutional Convention, Virginia Delegates, and candidacy for Governor), and religion. The papers contain discussions about the popular faith of Presbyterians and Episcopalians). The University of Virginia, Washington \u0026 Lee, and William \u0026 Mary College are also mentioned.","The collection spans six generations of the Watts family including General Edward Watts and his wife Elizabeth Breckinridge (1794-1862), their son Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his wife Mary Jane Allen (1825-1855). Also included is their son, John Allen Watts and his wife Gertrude Lee. ","Other related families include Madison, Breckenridge, Allen, Jackson, Watson, Morris, Gamble, Payne, Washington, Meigs, and Saunders. (MSS 653) Other related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples..(see related materials note)","The papers of Mary Scott Watts Gamble have been combined into this collection. These letters contain her accounts of attacks by Osceola and Seminole people in Florida. She mentions that Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) ","Box 1 contains a folder of transcriptions for some of the collection letters and a folder of biographical information.","Letter dated 1819 mentions \"Joshua\" who rode Edward Watts' horse for him.","There are newspaper clippings about the Watts family. Included is a newspaper article, \"Number of Colored Residents Have Been Here for 50 Years,\" 28 January, 1934 about families in Roanoke that were enslaved 50 years earlier. Nettie Simms Calloway claims that her father, L. M. Simm, was owned by Colonel William Watts and that her great-grandmother was enslaved by General Edward Watts at Oaklands. Other family names of enslaved persons are named in the article. ","An obituary for Colonel William Watts mentions that a large group enslaved people were around him at his death including Henry Langhorne who had attended him during the war and throughout his life. Colonel Watts left him $1,000 in his will and a permanent home. ","There is an address by John Allen Watts and  newspaper clippings about the Watts family.","A. Indentures, deeds, plats, receipts, tax statements,petitions, and wills. B. Letters about debt collection. C.Stocks D. Receipt for goods and services for Watts family","[Leather Bound] Reverend Washington Erben and Reverend Clement Butler, Reverend Alfred Nevin, Gustave Dore\nErben, Washington; Butler, Clement, Nevin, Alfred; Dore, Gustave [Illustrator]\nPublished by John E. Potter and Company, 1880","Autographed Elizabeth Watts, with date January 1817. Written note \"December 29, [1846] I commenced.\" Paste down on inside front cover, obituary of General Edward Watts, August 9, 1859.","This series consists of the correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families, ca.1794-1850, but chiefly that of Mary Scott Watts Gamble (1814-1840)daughter of General Edward Watts. The name has been changed to Watts family papers as of March 2023. There are many related collections of the Watts family papers. MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; and MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.","Mary Gamble wrote to her aunt, Emma W. Breckinridge, Grove Hill, Fincastle, Botetourt County, Virginia; her mother, Elizabeth Breckinridge Watts and her father, General Edward Watts, Oakland, near Big Lick, Botetourt County, Virginia; her brothers, William and James B. Watts; and her sisters, Ann S. Watts and Letitia G. Watts. ","Most of the letters to her immediate family were written after her marriage and move to Welaunee, Florida, located near Tallahassee, except for several to her brother William Watts while he was away at the New London Academy, Campbell County, Virginia. Many of Mary Watts Gamble's letters are to her aunt, Mrs. Cary Breckinridge (Emma W. Gilmer), 1831-1838, and most of them were written prior to her marriage in 1834. All of her undated letters to her aunt appear to have been written before her marriage and are filed at the beginning of the year 1834 as [ante 1834]. ","Mary Watts Gamble at Flat Creek writes about the purchase of 34 enslaved persons by Uncle Gamble to prepare the ground for cotton. Her letters also describe her experiences of the conflicts with the Osceola and Seminole warriors in Florida (causing her to learn how to load and shoot a gun). She mentions the Second Seminole War in Florida. Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) ","There are details of her accounts of the interactions of the Seminoles  on women, children, and enslaved persons including one on the property of Judge Randall, including the burning of buildings in Magnolia and Hickstown and upon the home, family, and enslaved persons of Mrs. Purifoy, wife of a Methodist minister and daughter of Captain Byrd, just four miles away from Welaunee (April 13, 1838). She mentions the removal of the Apalachicola tribe to the West; the actions of Territorial Governor Richard Keith Call (1792-1862), and the Gambles forced evacuation from Welaunee to Tallahassee for safety. (May 9, 1836) They planned to sail on the Brig Orion from St. Marks to New Orleans, taking a steamboat to Louisville, and then proceeding by mail [coach?] to White Sulphur Springs, [West] Virginia (May 21, 1836). ","She also mentions her disapproval of the plans of General [Winfield?] Scott for delaying the pursuit of the Seminole War to a later time. She writes about the recent Texas disasters at [the Alamo?] and the loss of [James Walker] Fannin's detachment at the Massacre at La Bahia (Goliad), including concern about the fate of her acquaintances Burr and John Duval. A website on the history of Texas records that Burr and Duval were captured and executed (April 24, 1836). ","Her letters also include the health and news of famly members; her marriage to her cousin James Gamble; her attendance at three days of preaching at the Academy (May 19, 1832); the unpopularity of the Reverend [Gyng?] in Tallahasseethe family's concern for William and Robert over an outbreak of scarlet fever near New London Academy(January 12, 1833); and the illness and death of her grandfather, General James Breckinridge.   (May 15, 1833).","\nAdditional subjects include  attempts to persuade her her attempts to convince her brother James to begin his law practice in Tallahassee and comments about the presidential election.She describes the romantic affairs of her brother James; her illness and plans to recover in Virginia (May 15, 1837); her stay in St. Joseph [Bay?] for the summer because of her health, reading the works of Hannah More (1745-1833) while staying in St. Joseph, especially The History of Hester Wilmot and description of the area (July 30, 1838); her return to Tallahassee, and her husband's new store (October 22, 1838); and her stay in a boarding house near the store (December 15, 1838). ","Correspondents in the folder of general correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families include: Robert Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters (March 20 and July 23, 1794; n.d.); John Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters, his lawsuit with Isaac Robinson, and a reference to the Whisky Rebellion at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania (August 19, 1794); William Breckinridge to James Breckinridge (September 1794); James Breckinridge to Ann Breckinridge discussing the sickness of Lewis and news about others of their acquaintance (January 24, 1819); James Breckinridge to Edward Watts mentions the James River bill and the death of Judge Fleming which left a vacancy on the court (February 22, 1824). ","Mary Page Randolph discusses her unexpected trip to Montpelier, Orange County, and Edgehill, Albemarle County, Virginia, with Thomas Jefferson Randolph, and sympathy for Mary S. Watts' \"late bereavement\" (July 22, 1833); Robert Gamble to Colonel Edward Watts discusses the visit of Mary Scott Watts and the death of his niece Laura (January 13, 1834); Edward Watts to his daughter, Elizabeth B. Watts, announcing the death of Mary Watts Gamble on May 22, 1840 (1840); Emma W. Breckinridge to her niece Letty [Letitia G. Watts?] (December 21, 1850); and John Wickham to James Breckinridge, notifying them of a death which has greatly distressed Betsy (August 14, n.y.). ","There are several letters from Nannie Gamble to her cousin, Letitia G. Watts, in which she describes her return visit from New York to Savannah, Georgia by ship (November 13, 1843) furnishes news of the family while in the mountains, near Abingdon, Virginia (January 20, 1845); expresses her sorrow at the news of the death of their friend, Lizzie Peyton, and describes the difficult journey home from Abingdon to Tallahassee which took five weeks (March 4, 1845); mentions the death of Lucy Gilmer (May 31, 1845); and a final letter from Nannie Gamble with a note written by Letitia on the bottom, \"The last letter ever received from my darling cousin N.S.G. who is now numbered with the dead\" (September 9, 1845). ","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 12170","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1396"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Watts family papers-addition"],"collection_title_tesim":["Watts family papers-addition"],"collection_ssim":["Watts family papers-addition"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"geogname_ssim":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"places_ssim":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was a gift from Katherine Watts to the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia Library on 9 April 2022."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Slavery--United States -- Virginia","lawyers -- Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Slavery--United States -- Virginia","lawyers -- Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["9 Cubic Feet 12 legal size document boxes, 1 half-size legal document box, 2 cubics of bibles, and 2 oversize boxes",".107 Gigabytes","0.25 Cubic Feet"],"extent_tesim":["9 Cubic Feet 12 legal size document boxes, 1 half-size legal document box, 2 cubics of bibles, and 2 oversize boxes",".107 Gigabytes","0.25 Cubic Feet"],"physfacet_tesim":["2,588 files, 2, 371 MS Word files, 176 Open office documents, 23 jpegs, 13 Apple/Double files, 3 tiffs, 1 pdf.","Oversize box: Photographs and certificates of Watts family members (deframed)"],"date_range_isim":[1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Watts family papers are arranged into 9 series. Series 1. Family Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, History and letters of James and Dolley Madison, Series 3. Documents related to enslavement, Series 4. Legal and Financial papers, Subseries A. Indentures, Subseries B. Marriage agreements, petitions, statements, and wills, Subseries C. Letters about collecting debts, Subseries D. Receipts for goods and services of the Watts family, Series 5. Newspaper clippings and miscellaneous family papers and oversize photographs, Series 6. Family Bibles, Series 7. Roanoke Gun Club Inc. land, Series 8. Showalter transcriptions on digital materials and a flash drive. Box 1 contains folders with some transcription of the letters in the collection and a folder with biographical information. Box 12 contains folders with an index and a folder of miscellaneous information about the collection. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdded existing collection MSS 12170 (3 folders) of Breckinridge, Gamble and Watts families into this addition of Watts family papers MSS 12170. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Watts family papers are arranged into 9 series. Series 1. Family Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, History and letters of James and Dolley Madison, Series 3. Documents related to enslavement, Series 4. Legal and Financial papers, Subseries A. Indentures, Subseries B. Marriage agreements, petitions, statements, and wills, Subseries C. Letters about collecting debts, Subseries D. Receipts for goods and services of the Watts family, Series 5. Newspaper clippings and miscellaneous family papers and oversize photographs, Series 6. Family Bibles, Series 7. Roanoke Gun Club Inc. land, Series 8. Showalter transcriptions on digital materials and a flash drive. Box 1 contains folders with some transcription of the letters in the collection and a folder with biographical information. Box 12 contains folders with an index and a folder of miscellaneous information about the collection. ","Added existing collection MSS 12170 (3 folders) of Breckinridge, Gamble and Watts families into this addition of Watts family papers MSS 12170. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Watts family has been part of the Roanoke Valley (also called \"Big Lick\") in Virginia for six generations. General Edward Watts was born on 7 April 1779, in Prince Edward, Virginia. He was the son of William Watts (1742-1797), and Mary Scott (1758-1836). He married Elizabeth Breckinridge, the daughter of James Breckinridge on 6 May 1811 and they had 10 children, including William Watts (1817-1877), Mary Scott Gamble (1814-1840), Ann Selden Watts Holcombe (1820-1888), Alice Watts Robertson (1832-1914), Emma Gilmer Watts Carr (1834-1872) and Letitia Watts Sorrell (1829-1900). Edward Watts purchased 400 acres of land from his father-in-law, James Breckinridge (called The Barrens) where he built his home \"Oaklands\" in 1817. General Edward Watts died in 1859 at age 59. The Watts and Breckinridge families were well-known families in southwest Virginia who enslaved people during the American Revolution and the American Civil War. They were admired by their peers as influential attorneys, politicians, and land owners who often opened their house to the community.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeneral Edward Watts was educated at Liberty Hall Academy (Washington \u0026amp; Lee), and Princeton. He was an officer in the War of 1812 and was the Commonwealth attorney for Roanoke County from 1839 to 1845. His son, William Watts (1817-1877) was a Colonel in the 28th Infantry of the Confederate Army (Roanoke Greys). He was educated in medicine and law at the University of Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter the war, he followed in his father's path as the Commonwealth attorney from 1845 to 1854. He was in the State Constitutional Convention (1850-1851), and was president of the Exchange Bank of Virginia. He also ran for governor in 1834 and 1842. He served in the legislature for one term in 1875. He married Mary Allen in 1850 and they had one living son, John Allen Watts (1855-1904). Mary Allen died following his birth in 1855. Colonel William Watts was also a farmer who enslaved over 100 people. He was said to have one enslaved person as his \"body servant\" through the war and gave him a home for life. Research of the collection has not yet provided his name.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohn Allen Watts (1855-1904) nicknamed \"Squat\" was also a student at the University of Virginia and became an attorney. He married Gertrude Lee and they had a son named William. John Allen Watts sold Oaklands to a develpment company and it burned down in 1897. Descendants Jean Staples Showalter, English Showalter, and Katherine Watts donated this collection of their family's papers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources:\n\"Roanoke and Western Virginia: Glimpses of the Pst: Oaklands\" http://showalter.blogspot.com/2010/12/oaklands.html\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBarnes, Raymond. \"Confederates of Roanoke-V: General Edward Watts and Colonel William Watts Founded Clan\" Roanoke World News. 5 April 1961. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/94647C8F-8806-4D18-8A04-445143233613#gallery\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nBarnes, Raymond. 'Oaklands' Was Hospitable Seat of Watts Family for Generations: Needed Big Staff\" Roanoke World News. 21 May 1958. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/53DC8EB0-DBE3-4B95-B4AF-027946626463#gallery\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nWatts, Katherine. \"The Roanoke Valley and the Watts Family\" June 1984.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Watts family has been part of the Roanoke Valley (also called \"Big Lick\") in Virginia for six generations. General Edward Watts was born on 7 April 1779, in Prince Edward, Virginia. He was the son of William Watts (1742-1797), and Mary Scott (1758-1836). He married Elizabeth Breckinridge, the daughter of James Breckinridge on 6 May 1811 and they had 10 children, including William Watts (1817-1877), Mary Scott Gamble (1814-1840), Ann Selden Watts Holcombe (1820-1888), Alice Watts Robertson (1832-1914), Emma Gilmer Watts Carr (1834-1872) and Letitia Watts Sorrell (1829-1900). Edward Watts purchased 400 acres of land from his father-in-law, James Breckinridge (called The Barrens) where he built his home \"Oaklands\" in 1817. General Edward Watts died in 1859 at age 59. The Watts and Breckinridge families were well-known families in southwest Virginia who enslaved people during the American Revolution and the American Civil War. They were admired by their peers as influential attorneys, politicians, and land owners who often opened their house to the community.","General Edward Watts was educated at Liberty Hall Academy (Washington \u0026 Lee), and Princeton. He was an officer in the War of 1812 and was the Commonwealth attorney for Roanoke County from 1839 to 1845. His son, William Watts (1817-1877) was a Colonel in the 28th Infantry of the Confederate Army (Roanoke Greys). He was educated in medicine and law at the University of Virginia. ","After the war, he followed in his father's path as the Commonwealth attorney from 1845 to 1854. He was in the State Constitutional Convention (1850-1851), and was president of the Exchange Bank of Virginia. He also ran for governor in 1834 and 1842. He served in the legislature for one term in 1875. He married Mary Allen in 1850 and they had one living son, John Allen Watts (1855-1904). Mary Allen died following his birth in 1855. Colonel William Watts was also a farmer who enslaved over 100 people. He was said to have one enslaved person as his \"body servant\" through the war and gave him a home for life. Research of the collection has not yet provided his name.","John Allen Watts (1855-1904) nicknamed \"Squat\" was also a student at the University of Virginia and became an attorney. He married Gertrude Lee and they had a son named William. John Allen Watts sold Oaklands to a develpment company and it burned down in 1897. Descendants Jean Staples Showalter, English Showalter, and Katherine Watts donated this collection of their family's papers. ","Sources:\n\"Roanoke and Western Virginia: Glimpses of the Pst: Oaklands\" http://showalter.blogspot.com/2010/12/oaklands.html","Barnes, Raymond. \"Confederates of Roanoke-V: General Edward Watts and Colonel William Watts Founded Clan\" Roanoke World News. 5 April 1961. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/94647C8F-8806-4D18-8A04-445143233613#gallery","\nBarnes, Raymond. 'Oaklands' Was Hospitable Seat of Watts Family for Generations: Needed Big Staff\" Roanoke World News. 21 May 1958. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/53DC8EB0-DBE3-4B95-B4AF-027946626463#gallery","\nWatts, Katherine. \"The Roanoke Valley and the Watts Family\" June 1984."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 12170, Watts family papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 12170, Watts family papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere is a website at the O. Winston Link Museum (History Museum of West Virginia) that has many of the Watts family letters online \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ehttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/byperson?page=3\u0026amp;keyword=Watts%2C%20William\u0026amp;searchType=person\u0026amp;showsearch=True\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRelated collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 8914, and MSS 653.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials","Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["There is a website at the O. Winston Link Museum (History Museum of West Virginia) that has many of the Watts family letters online ","https://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/byperson?page=3\u0026keyword=Watts%2C%20William\u0026searchType=person\u0026showsearch=True","Related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 8914, and MSS 653.","MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Watts family papers of Roanoke County, Virginia at \"Oaklands\" in Flat Creek, Campbell County) consist of correspondence and documents related to the American Revolution, the War of 1812, the United States Civil War, war with Osceola and Seminole tribes in Florida, Virginia politics, economic and social history (including enslavement),land ownership, farming, court cases and debt from 1786 to 1950 in southwest Virginia. The Watts are related to many other Virginia families including James and Dolley Madison. This collection represents a great view into historical and social events of the eighteenth and nineteenth century in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe papers of this family of landowners, farmers, politicians, and attorneys portray the rich southern antebellum life on the Oaklands plantation. Despite the told and true characteristics of the kindness of the Watts family, they were nineteenth century southern plantation owners who owned hundreds of enslaved persons. The letters and receipts in the collection include many first names and some last names. One enslaved person, Henry Langhorne, a lifetime attendant of Colonel William Watts was bequeathed $1,000 and a home for life. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSome letters mention the Watt's efforts to keep enslaved families from being separated by intervening in the sales of enslaved persons. There are many references to enslaved people among their households and farm, including descriptions of providing their clothing, housing, and nurturing them when they were sick, like family members. It is important to note that the collection also contains receipts for their purchase and loan. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe issue of enslavement is discussed in local meetings that Watts attended. There are also letters from former enslaved persons such as [Malinda] Langhorne and William Langhorne to Watts family members and photographs of enslaved persons, Aunt Sally and Aunt Phoebe standing together, and a photograph of Uncle Lou with the Watts children. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is also correspondence about financial and legal matters as Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his father, General Edward Watts (1779-1859), were attorneys. Much of their correspondence relates to collecting debts, indentures, land surveys, receipts, and politics (Whig party, Commonwealth Attorney, Constitutional Convention, Virginia Delegates, and candidacy for Governor), and religion. The papers contain discussions about the popular faith of Presbyterians and Episcopalians). The University of Virginia, Washington \u0026amp; Lee, and William \u0026amp; Mary College are also mentioned.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection spans six generations of the Watts family including General Edward Watts and his wife Elizabeth Breckinridge (1794-1862), their son Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his wife Mary Jane Allen (1825-1855). Also included is their son, John Allen Watts and his wife Gertrude Lee. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther related families include Madison, Breckenridge, Allen, Jackson, Watson, Morris, Gamble, Payne, Washington, Meigs, and Saunders. (MSS 653) Other related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples..(see related materials note)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Mary Scott Watts Gamble have been combined into this collection. These letters contain her accounts of attacks by Osceola and Seminole people in Florida. She mentions that Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 1 contains a folder of transcriptions for some of the collection letters and a folder of biographical information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter dated 1819 mentions \"Joshua\" who rode Edward Watts' horse for him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are newspaper clippings about the Watts family. Included is a newspaper article, \"Number of Colored Residents Have Been Here for 50 Years,\" 28 January, 1934 about families in Roanoke that were enslaved 50 years earlier. Nettie Simms Calloway claims that her father, L. M. Simm, was owned by Colonel William Watts and that her great-grandmother was enslaved by General Edward Watts at Oaklands. Other family names of enslaved persons are named in the article. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAn obituary for Colonel William Watts mentions that a large group enslaved people were around him at his death including Henry Langhorne who had attended him during the war and throughout his life. Colonel Watts left him $1,000 in his will and a permanent home. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere is an address by John Allen Watts and  newspaper clippings about the Watts family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA. Indentures, deeds, plats, receipts, tax statements,petitions, and wills. B. Letters about debt collection. C.Stocks D. Receipt for goods and services for Watts family\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Leather Bound] Reverend Washington Erben and Reverend Clement Butler, Reverend Alfred Nevin, Gustave Dore\nErben, Washington; Butler, Clement, Nevin, Alfred; Dore, Gustave [Illustrator]\nPublished by John E. Potter and Company, 1880\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAutographed Elizabeth Watts, with date January 1817. Written note \"December 29, [1846] I commenced.\" Paste down on inside front cover, obituary of General Edward Watts, August 9, 1859.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of the correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families, ca.1794-1850, but chiefly that of Mary Scott Watts Gamble (1814-1840)daughter of General Edward Watts. The name has been changed to Watts family papers as of March 2023. There are many related collections of the Watts family papers. MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; and MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMary Gamble wrote to her aunt, Emma W. Breckinridge, Grove Hill, Fincastle, Botetourt County, Virginia; her mother, Elizabeth Breckinridge Watts and her father, General Edward Watts, Oakland, near Big Lick, Botetourt County, Virginia; her brothers, William and James B. Watts; and her sisters, Ann S. Watts and Letitia G. Watts. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMost of the letters to her immediate family were written after her marriage and move to Welaunee, Florida, located near Tallahassee, except for several to her brother William Watts while he was away at the New London Academy, Campbell County, Virginia. Many of Mary Watts Gamble's letters are to her aunt, Mrs. Cary Breckinridge (Emma W. Gilmer), 1831-1838, and most of them were written prior to her marriage in 1834. All of her undated letters to her aunt appear to have been written before her marriage and are filed at the beginning of the year 1834 as [ante 1834]. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMary Watts Gamble at Flat Creek writes about the purchase of 34 enslaved persons by Uncle Gamble to prepare the ground for cotton. Her letters also describe her experiences of the conflicts with the Osceola and Seminole warriors in Florida (causing her to learn how to load and shoot a gun). She mentions the Second Seminole War in Florida. Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are details of her accounts of the interactions of the Seminoles  on women, children, and enslaved persons including one on the property of Judge Randall, including the burning of buildings in Magnolia and Hickstown and upon the home, family, and enslaved persons of Mrs. Purifoy, wife of a Methodist minister and daughter of Captain Byrd, just four miles away from Welaunee (April 13, 1838). She mentions the removal of the Apalachicola tribe to the West; the actions of Territorial Governor Richard Keith Call (1792-1862), and the Gambles forced evacuation from Welaunee to Tallahassee for safety. (May 9, 1836) They planned to sail on the Brig Orion from St. Marks to New Orleans, taking a steamboat to Louisville, and then proceeding by mail [coach?] to White Sulphur Springs, [West] Virginia (May 21, 1836). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eShe also mentions her disapproval of the plans of General [Winfield?] Scott for delaying the pursuit of the Seminole War to a later time. She writes about the recent Texas disasters at [the Alamo?] and the loss of [James Walker] Fannin's detachment at the Massacre at La Bahia (Goliad), including concern about the fate of her acquaintances Burr and John Duval. A website on the history of Texas records that Burr and Duval were captured and executed (April 24, 1836). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHer letters also include the health and news of famly members; her marriage to her cousin James Gamble; her attendance at three days of preaching at the Academy (May 19, 1832); the unpopularity of the Reverend [Gyng?] in Tallahasseethe family's concern for William and Robert over an outbreak of scarlet fever near New London Academy(January 12, 1833); and the illness and death of her grandfather, General James Breckinridge.   (May 15, 1833).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAdditional subjects include  attempts to persuade her her attempts to convince her brother James to begin his law practice in Tallahassee and comments about the presidential election.She describes the romantic affairs of her brother James; her illness and plans to recover in Virginia (May 15, 1837); her stay in St. Joseph [Bay?] for the summer because of her health, reading the works of Hannah More (1745-1833) while staying in St. Joseph, especially The History of Hester Wilmot and description of the area (July 30, 1838); her return to Tallahassee, and her husband's new store (October 22, 1838); and her stay in a boarding house near the store (December 15, 1838). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents in the folder of general correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families include: Robert Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters (March 20 and July 23, 1794; n.d.); John Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters, his lawsuit with Isaac Robinson, and a reference to the Whisky Rebellion at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania (August 19, 1794); William Breckinridge to James Breckinridge (September 1794); James Breckinridge to Ann Breckinridge discussing the sickness of Lewis and news about others of their acquaintance (January 24, 1819); James Breckinridge to Edward Watts mentions the James River bill and the death of Judge Fleming which left a vacancy on the court (February 22, 1824). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMary Page Randolph discusses her unexpected trip to Montpelier, Orange County, and Edgehill, Albemarle County, Virginia, with Thomas Jefferson Randolph, and sympathy for Mary S. Watts' \"late bereavement\" (July 22, 1833); Robert Gamble to Colonel Edward Watts discusses the visit of Mary Scott Watts and the death of his niece Laura (January 13, 1834); Edward Watts to his daughter, Elizabeth B. Watts, announcing the death of Mary Watts Gamble on May 22, 1840 (1840); Emma W. Breckinridge to her niece Letty [Letitia G. Watts?] (December 21, 1850); and John Wickham to James Breckinridge, notifying them of a death which has greatly distressed Betsy (August 14, n.y.). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are several letters from Nannie Gamble to her cousin, Letitia G. Watts, in which she describes her return visit from New York to Savannah, Georgia by ship (November 13, 1843) furnishes news of the family while in the mountains, near Abingdon, Virginia (January 20, 1845); expresses her sorrow at the news of the death of their friend, Lizzie Peyton, and describes the difficult journey home from Abingdon to Tallahassee which took five weeks (March 4, 1845); mentions the death of Lucy Gilmer (May 31, 1845); and a final letter from Nannie Gamble with a note written by Letitia on the bottom, \"The last letter ever received from my darling cousin N.S.G. who is now numbered with the dead\" (September 9, 1845). \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Watts family papers of Roanoke County, Virginia at \"Oaklands\" in Flat Creek, Campbell County) consist of correspondence and documents related to the American Revolution, the War of 1812, the United States Civil War, war with Osceola and Seminole tribes in Florida, Virginia politics, economic and social history (including enslavement),land ownership, farming, court cases and debt from 1786 to 1950 in southwest Virginia. The Watts are related to many other Virginia families including James and Dolley Madison. This collection represents a great view into historical and social events of the eighteenth and nineteenth century in Virginia.","The papers of this family of landowners, farmers, politicians, and attorneys portray the rich southern antebellum life on the Oaklands plantation. Despite the told and true characteristics of the kindness of the Watts family, they were nineteenth century southern plantation owners who owned hundreds of enslaved persons. The letters and receipts in the collection include many first names and some last names. One enslaved person, Henry Langhorne, a lifetime attendant of Colonel William Watts was bequeathed $1,000 and a home for life. ","Some letters mention the Watt's efforts to keep enslaved families from being separated by intervening in the sales of enslaved persons. There are many references to enslaved people among their households and farm, including descriptions of providing their clothing, housing, and nurturing them when they were sick, like family members. It is important to note that the collection also contains receipts for their purchase and loan. ","The issue of enslavement is discussed in local meetings that Watts attended. There are also letters from former enslaved persons such as [Malinda] Langhorne and William Langhorne to Watts family members and photographs of enslaved persons, Aunt Sally and Aunt Phoebe standing together, and a photograph of Uncle Lou with the Watts children. ","There is also correspondence about financial and legal matters as Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his father, General Edward Watts (1779-1859), were attorneys. Much of their correspondence relates to collecting debts, indentures, land surveys, receipts, and politics (Whig party, Commonwealth Attorney, Constitutional Convention, Virginia Delegates, and candidacy for Governor), and religion. The papers contain discussions about the popular faith of Presbyterians and Episcopalians). The University of Virginia, Washington \u0026 Lee, and William \u0026 Mary College are also mentioned.","The collection spans six generations of the Watts family including General Edward Watts and his wife Elizabeth Breckinridge (1794-1862), their son Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his wife Mary Jane Allen (1825-1855). Also included is their son, John Allen Watts and his wife Gertrude Lee. ","Other related families include Madison, Breckenridge, Allen, Jackson, Watson, Morris, Gamble, Payne, Washington, Meigs, and Saunders. (MSS 653) Other related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples..(see related materials note)","The papers of Mary Scott Watts Gamble have been combined into this collection. These letters contain her accounts of attacks by Osceola and Seminole people in Florida. She mentions that Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) ","Box 1 contains a folder of transcriptions for some of the collection letters and a folder of biographical information.","Letter dated 1819 mentions \"Joshua\" who rode Edward Watts' horse for him.","There are newspaper clippings about the Watts family. Included is a newspaper article, \"Number of Colored Residents Have Been Here for 50 Years,\" 28 January, 1934 about families in Roanoke that were enslaved 50 years earlier. Nettie Simms Calloway claims that her father, L. M. Simm, was owned by Colonel William Watts and that her great-grandmother was enslaved by General Edward Watts at Oaklands. Other family names of enslaved persons are named in the article. ","An obituary for Colonel William Watts mentions that a large group enslaved people were around him at his death including Henry Langhorne who had attended him during the war and throughout his life. Colonel Watts left him $1,000 in his will and a permanent home. ","There is an address by John Allen Watts and  newspaper clippings about the Watts family.","A. Indentures, deeds, plats, receipts, tax statements,petitions, and wills. B. Letters about debt collection. C.Stocks D. Receipt for goods and services for Watts family","[Leather Bound] Reverend Washington Erben and Reverend Clement Butler, Reverend Alfred Nevin, Gustave Dore\nErben, Washington; Butler, Clement, Nevin, Alfred; Dore, Gustave [Illustrator]\nPublished by John E. Potter and Company, 1880","Autographed Elizabeth Watts, with date January 1817. Written note \"December 29, [1846] I commenced.\" Paste down on inside front cover, obituary of General Edward Watts, August 9, 1859.","This series consists of the correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families, ca.1794-1850, but chiefly that of Mary Scott Watts Gamble (1814-1840)daughter of General Edward Watts. The name has been changed to Watts family papers as of March 2023. There are many related collections of the Watts family papers. MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; and MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.","Mary Gamble wrote to her aunt, Emma W. Breckinridge, Grove Hill, Fincastle, Botetourt County, Virginia; her mother, Elizabeth Breckinridge Watts and her father, General Edward Watts, Oakland, near Big Lick, Botetourt County, Virginia; her brothers, William and James B. Watts; and her sisters, Ann S. Watts and Letitia G. Watts. ","Most of the letters to her immediate family were written after her marriage and move to Welaunee, Florida, located near Tallahassee, except for several to her brother William Watts while he was away at the New London Academy, Campbell County, Virginia. Many of Mary Watts Gamble's letters are to her aunt, Mrs. Cary Breckinridge (Emma W. Gilmer), 1831-1838, and most of them were written prior to her marriage in 1834. All of her undated letters to her aunt appear to have been written before her marriage and are filed at the beginning of the year 1834 as [ante 1834]. ","Mary Watts Gamble at Flat Creek writes about the purchase of 34 enslaved persons by Uncle Gamble to prepare the ground for cotton. Her letters also describe her experiences of the conflicts with the Osceola and Seminole warriors in Florida (causing her to learn how to load and shoot a gun). She mentions the Second Seminole War in Florida. Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) ","There are details of her accounts of the interactions of the Seminoles  on women, children, and enslaved persons including one on the property of Judge Randall, including the burning of buildings in Magnolia and Hickstown and upon the home, family, and enslaved persons of Mrs. Purifoy, wife of a Methodist minister and daughter of Captain Byrd, just four miles away from Welaunee (April 13, 1838). She mentions the removal of the Apalachicola tribe to the West; the actions of Territorial Governor Richard Keith Call (1792-1862), and the Gambles forced evacuation from Welaunee to Tallahassee for safety. (May 9, 1836) They planned to sail on the Brig Orion from St. Marks to New Orleans, taking a steamboat to Louisville, and then proceeding by mail [coach?] to White Sulphur Springs, [West] Virginia (May 21, 1836). ","She also mentions her disapproval of the plans of General [Winfield?] Scott for delaying the pursuit of the Seminole War to a later time. She writes about the recent Texas disasters at [the Alamo?] and the loss of [James Walker] Fannin's detachment at the Massacre at La Bahia (Goliad), including concern about the fate of her acquaintances Burr and John Duval. A website on the history of Texas records that Burr and Duval were captured and executed (April 24, 1836). ","Her letters also include the health and news of famly members; her marriage to her cousin James Gamble; her attendance at three days of preaching at the Academy (May 19, 1832); the unpopularity of the Reverend [Gyng?] in Tallahasseethe family's concern for William and Robert over an outbreak of scarlet fever near New London Academy(January 12, 1833); and the illness and death of her grandfather, General James Breckinridge.   (May 15, 1833).","\nAdditional subjects include  attempts to persuade her her attempts to convince her brother James to begin his law practice in Tallahassee and comments about the presidential election.She describes the romantic affairs of her brother James; her illness and plans to recover in Virginia (May 15, 1837); her stay in St. Joseph [Bay?] for the summer because of her health, reading the works of Hannah More (1745-1833) while staying in St. Joseph, especially The History of Hester Wilmot and description of the area (July 30, 1838); her return to Tallahassee, and her husband's new store (October 22, 1838); and her stay in a boarding house near the store (December 15, 1838). ","Correspondents in the folder of general correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families include: Robert Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters (March 20 and July 23, 1794; n.d.); John Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters, his lawsuit with Isaac Robinson, and a reference to the Whisky Rebellion at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania (August 19, 1794); William Breckinridge to James Breckinridge (September 1794); James Breckinridge to Ann Breckinridge discussing the sickness of Lewis and news about others of their acquaintance (January 24, 1819); James Breckinridge to Edward Watts mentions the James River bill and the death of Judge Fleming which left a vacancy on the court (February 22, 1824). ","Mary Page Randolph discusses her unexpected trip to Montpelier, Orange County, and Edgehill, Albemarle County, Virginia, with Thomas Jefferson Randolph, and sympathy for Mary S. Watts' \"late bereavement\" (July 22, 1833); Robert Gamble to Colonel Edward Watts discusses the visit of Mary Scott Watts and the death of his niece Laura (January 13, 1834); Edward Watts to his daughter, Elizabeth B. Watts, announcing the death of Mary Watts Gamble on May 22, 1840 (1840); Emma W. Breckinridge to her niece Letty [Letitia G. Watts?] (December 21, 1850); and John Wickham to James Breckinridge, notifying them of a death which has greatly distressed Betsy (August 14, n.y.). ","There are several letters from Nannie Gamble to her cousin, Letitia G. Watts, in which she describes her return visit from New York to Savannah, Georgia by ship (November 13, 1843) furnishes news of the family while in the mountains, near Abingdon, Virginia (January 20, 1845); expresses her sorrow at the news of the death of their friend, Lizzie Peyton, and describes the difficult journey home from Abingdon to Tallahassee which took five weeks (March 4, 1845); mentions the death of Lucy Gilmer (May 31, 1845); and a final letter from Nannie Gamble with a note written by Letitia on the bottom, \"The last letter ever received from my darling cousin N.S.G. who is now numbered with the dead\" (September 9, 1845). "],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":281,"online_item_count_is":1,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-09T07:08:45.006Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1396.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/151360","title_filing_ssi":"Watts family papers","title_ssm":["Watts family papers-addition"],"title_tesim":["Watts family papers-addition"],"unitdate_ssm":["1786-1950"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1786-1950"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 12170","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous 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Key","/repositories/3/resources/1396","Watts family papers-addition","United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Slavery--United States -- Virginia","lawyers -- Virginia","The collection is open for research use.","The Watts family papers are arranged into 9 series. Series 1. Family Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, History and letters of James and Dolley Madison, Series 3. Documents related to enslavement, Series 4. Legal and Financial papers, Subseries A. Indentures, Subseries B. Marriage agreements, petitions, statements, and wills, Subseries C. Letters about collecting debts, Subseries D. Receipts for goods and services of the Watts family, Series 5. Newspaper clippings and miscellaneous family papers and oversize photographs, Series 6. Family Bibles, Series 7. Roanoke Gun Club Inc. land, Series 8. Showalter transcriptions on digital materials and a flash drive. Box 1 contains folders with some transcription of the letters in the collection and a folder with biographical information. Box 12 contains folders with an index and a folder of miscellaneous information about the collection. ","Added existing collection MSS 12170 (3 folders) of Breckinridge, Gamble and Watts families into this addition of Watts family papers MSS 12170. ","The Watts family has been part of the Roanoke Valley (also called \"Big Lick\") in Virginia for six generations. General Edward Watts was born on 7 April 1779, in Prince Edward, Virginia. He was the son of William Watts (1742-1797), and Mary Scott (1758-1836). He married Elizabeth Breckinridge, the daughter of James Breckinridge on 6 May 1811 and they had 10 children, including William Watts (1817-1877), Mary Scott Gamble (1814-1840), Ann Selden Watts Holcombe (1820-1888), Alice Watts Robertson (1832-1914), Emma Gilmer Watts Carr (1834-1872) and Letitia Watts Sorrell (1829-1900). Edward Watts purchased 400 acres of land from his father-in-law, James Breckinridge (called The Barrens) where he built his home \"Oaklands\" in 1817. General Edward Watts died in 1859 at age 59. The Watts and Breckinridge families were well-known families in southwest Virginia who enslaved people during the American Revolution and the American Civil War. They were admired by their peers as influential attorneys, politicians, and land owners who often opened their house to the community.","General Edward Watts was educated at Liberty Hall Academy (Washington \u0026 Lee), and Princeton. He was an officer in the War of 1812 and was the Commonwealth attorney for Roanoke County from 1839 to 1845. His son, William Watts (1817-1877) was a Colonel in the 28th Infantry of the Confederate Army (Roanoke Greys). He was educated in medicine and law at the University of Virginia. ","After the war, he followed in his father's path as the Commonwealth attorney from 1845 to 1854. He was in the State Constitutional Convention (1850-1851), and was president of the Exchange Bank of Virginia. He also ran for governor in 1834 and 1842. He served in the legislature for one term in 1875. He married Mary Allen in 1850 and they had one living son, John Allen Watts (1855-1904). Mary Allen died following his birth in 1855. Colonel William Watts was also a farmer who enslaved over 100 people. He was said to have one enslaved person as his \"body servant\" through the war and gave him a home for life. Research of the collection has not yet provided his name.","John Allen Watts (1855-1904) nicknamed \"Squat\" was also a student at the University of Virginia and became an attorney. He married Gertrude Lee and they had a son named William. John Allen Watts sold Oaklands to a develpment company and it burned down in 1897. Descendants Jean Staples Showalter, English Showalter, and Katherine Watts donated this collection of their family's papers. ","Sources:\n\"Roanoke and Western Virginia: Glimpses of the Pst: Oaklands\" http://showalter.blogspot.com/2010/12/oaklands.html","Barnes, Raymond. \"Confederates of Roanoke-V: General Edward Watts and Colonel William Watts Founded Clan\" Roanoke World News. 5 April 1961. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/94647C8F-8806-4D18-8A04-445143233613#gallery","\nBarnes, Raymond. 'Oaklands' Was Hospitable Seat of Watts Family for Generations: Needed Big Staff\" Roanoke World News. 21 May 1958. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/53DC8EB0-DBE3-4B95-B4AF-027946626463#gallery","\nWatts, Katherine. \"The Roanoke Valley and the Watts Family\" June 1984.","There is a website at the O. Winston Link Museum (History Museum of West Virginia) that has many of the Watts family letters online ","https://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/byperson?page=3\u0026keyword=Watts%2C%20William\u0026searchType=person\u0026showsearch=True","Related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 8914, and MSS 653.","MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.","The Watts family papers of Roanoke County, Virginia at \"Oaklands\" in Flat Creek, Campbell County) consist of correspondence and documents related to the American Revolution, the War of 1812, the United States Civil War, war with Osceola and Seminole tribes in Florida, Virginia politics, economic and social history (including enslavement),land ownership, farming, court cases and debt from 1786 to 1950 in southwest Virginia. The Watts are related to many other Virginia families including James and Dolley Madison. This collection represents a great view into historical and social events of the eighteenth and nineteenth century in Virginia.","The papers of this family of landowners, farmers, politicians, and attorneys portray the rich southern antebellum life on the Oaklands plantation. Despite the told and true characteristics of the kindness of the Watts family, they were nineteenth century southern plantation owners who owned hundreds of enslaved persons. The letters and receipts in the collection include many first names and some last names. One enslaved person, Henry Langhorne, a lifetime attendant of Colonel William Watts was bequeathed $1,000 and a home for life. ","Some letters mention the Watt's efforts to keep enslaved families from being separated by intervening in the sales of enslaved persons. There are many references to enslaved people among their households and farm, including descriptions of providing their clothing, housing, and nurturing them when they were sick, like family members. It is important to note that the collection also contains receipts for their purchase and loan. ","The issue of enslavement is discussed in local meetings that Watts attended. There are also letters from former enslaved persons such as [Malinda] Langhorne and William Langhorne to Watts family members and photographs of enslaved persons, Aunt Sally and Aunt Phoebe standing together, and a photograph of Uncle Lou with the Watts children. ","There is also correspondence about financial and legal matters as Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his father, General Edward Watts (1779-1859), were attorneys. Much of their correspondence relates to collecting debts, indentures, land surveys, receipts, and politics (Whig party, Commonwealth Attorney, Constitutional Convention, Virginia Delegates, and candidacy for Governor), and religion. The papers contain discussions about the popular faith of Presbyterians and Episcopalians). The University of Virginia, Washington \u0026 Lee, and William \u0026 Mary College are also mentioned.","The collection spans six generations of the Watts family including General Edward Watts and his wife Elizabeth Breckinridge (1794-1862), their son Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his wife Mary Jane Allen (1825-1855). Also included is their son, John Allen Watts and his wife Gertrude Lee. ","Other related families include Madison, Breckenridge, Allen, Jackson, Watson, Morris, Gamble, Payne, Washington, Meigs, and Saunders. (MSS 653) Other related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples..(see related materials note)","The papers of Mary Scott Watts Gamble have been combined into this collection. These letters contain her accounts of attacks by Osceola and Seminole people in Florida. She mentions that Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) ","Box 1 contains a folder of transcriptions for some of the collection letters and a folder of biographical information.","Letter dated 1819 mentions \"Joshua\" who rode Edward Watts' horse for him.","There are newspaper clippings about the Watts family. Included is a newspaper article, \"Number of Colored Residents Have Been Here for 50 Years,\" 28 January, 1934 about families in Roanoke that were enslaved 50 years earlier. Nettie Simms Calloway claims that her father, L. M. Simm, was owned by Colonel William Watts and that her great-grandmother was enslaved by General Edward Watts at Oaklands. Other family names of enslaved persons are named in the article. ","An obituary for Colonel William Watts mentions that a large group enslaved people were around him at his death including Henry Langhorne who had attended him during the war and throughout his life. Colonel Watts left him $1,000 in his will and a permanent home. ","There is an address by John Allen Watts and  newspaper clippings about the Watts family.","A. Indentures, deeds, plats, receipts, tax statements,petitions, and wills. B. Letters about debt collection. C.Stocks D. Receipt for goods and services for Watts family","[Leather Bound] Reverend Washington Erben and Reverend Clement Butler, Reverend Alfred Nevin, Gustave Dore\nErben, Washington; Butler, Clement, Nevin, Alfred; Dore, Gustave [Illustrator]\nPublished by John E. Potter and Company, 1880","Autographed Elizabeth Watts, with date January 1817. Written note \"December 29, [1846] I commenced.\" Paste down on inside front cover, obituary of General Edward Watts, August 9, 1859.","This series consists of the correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families, ca.1794-1850, but chiefly that of Mary Scott Watts Gamble (1814-1840)daughter of General Edward Watts. The name has been changed to Watts family papers as of March 2023. There are many related collections of the Watts family papers. MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; and MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.","Mary Gamble wrote to her aunt, Emma W. Breckinridge, Grove Hill, Fincastle, Botetourt County, Virginia; her mother, Elizabeth Breckinridge Watts and her father, General Edward Watts, Oakland, near Big Lick, Botetourt County, Virginia; her brothers, William and James B. Watts; and her sisters, Ann S. Watts and Letitia G. Watts. ","Most of the letters to her immediate family were written after her marriage and move to Welaunee, Florida, located near Tallahassee, except for several to her brother William Watts while he was away at the New London Academy, Campbell County, Virginia. Many of Mary Watts Gamble's letters are to her aunt, Mrs. Cary Breckinridge (Emma W. Gilmer), 1831-1838, and most of them were written prior to her marriage in 1834. All of her undated letters to her aunt appear to have been written before her marriage and are filed at the beginning of the year 1834 as [ante 1834]. ","Mary Watts Gamble at Flat Creek writes about the purchase of 34 enslaved persons by Uncle Gamble to prepare the ground for cotton. Her letters also describe her experiences of the conflicts with the Osceola and Seminole warriors in Florida (causing her to learn how to load and shoot a gun). She mentions the Second Seminole War in Florida. Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) ","There are details of her accounts of the interactions of the Seminoles  on women, children, and enslaved persons including one on the property of Judge Randall, including the burning of buildings in Magnolia and Hickstown and upon the home, family, and enslaved persons of Mrs. Purifoy, wife of a Methodist minister and daughter of Captain Byrd, just four miles away from Welaunee (April 13, 1838). She mentions the removal of the Apalachicola tribe to the West; the actions of Territorial Governor Richard Keith Call (1792-1862), and the Gambles forced evacuation from Welaunee to Tallahassee for safety. (May 9, 1836) They planned to sail on the Brig Orion from St. Marks to New Orleans, taking a steamboat to Louisville, and then proceeding by mail [coach?] to White Sulphur Springs, [West] Virginia (May 21, 1836). ","She also mentions her disapproval of the plans of General [Winfield?] Scott for delaying the pursuit of the Seminole War to a later time. She writes about the recent Texas disasters at [the Alamo?] and the loss of [James Walker] Fannin's detachment at the Massacre at La Bahia (Goliad), including concern about the fate of her acquaintances Burr and John Duval. A website on the history of Texas records that Burr and Duval were captured and executed (April 24, 1836). ","Her letters also include the health and news of famly members; her marriage to her cousin James Gamble; her attendance at three days of preaching at the Academy (May 19, 1832); the unpopularity of the Reverend [Gyng?] in Tallahasseethe family's concern for William and Robert over an outbreak of scarlet fever near New London Academy(January 12, 1833); and the illness and death of her grandfather, General James Breckinridge.   (May 15, 1833).","\nAdditional subjects include  attempts to persuade her her attempts to convince her brother James to begin his law practice in Tallahassee and comments about the presidential election.She describes the romantic affairs of her brother James; her illness and plans to recover in Virginia (May 15, 1837); her stay in St. Joseph [Bay?] for the summer because of her health, reading the works of Hannah More (1745-1833) while staying in St. Joseph, especially The History of Hester Wilmot and description of the area (July 30, 1838); her return to Tallahassee, and her husband's new store (October 22, 1838); and her stay in a boarding house near the store (December 15, 1838). ","Correspondents in the folder of general correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families include: Robert Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters (March 20 and July 23, 1794; n.d.); John Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters, his lawsuit with Isaac Robinson, and a reference to the Whisky Rebellion at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania (August 19, 1794); William Breckinridge to James Breckinridge (September 1794); James Breckinridge to Ann Breckinridge discussing the sickness of Lewis and news about others of their acquaintance (January 24, 1819); James Breckinridge to Edward Watts mentions the James River bill and the death of Judge Fleming which left a vacancy on the court (February 22, 1824). ","Mary Page Randolph discusses her unexpected trip to Montpelier, Orange County, and Edgehill, Albemarle County, Virginia, with Thomas Jefferson Randolph, and sympathy for Mary S. Watts' \"late bereavement\" (July 22, 1833); Robert Gamble to Colonel Edward Watts discusses the visit of Mary Scott Watts and the death of his niece Laura (January 13, 1834); Edward Watts to his daughter, Elizabeth B. Watts, announcing the death of Mary Watts Gamble on May 22, 1840 (1840); Emma W. Breckinridge to her niece Letty [Letitia G. Watts?] (December 21, 1850); and John Wickham to James Breckinridge, notifying them of a death which has greatly distressed Betsy (August 14, n.y.). ","There are several letters from Nannie Gamble to her cousin, Letitia G. Watts, in which she describes her return visit from New York to Savannah, Georgia by ship (November 13, 1843) furnishes news of the family while in the mountains, near Abingdon, Virginia (January 20, 1845); expresses her sorrow at the news of the death of their friend, Lizzie Peyton, and describes the difficult journey home from Abingdon to Tallahassee which took five weeks (March 4, 1845); mentions the death of Lucy Gilmer (May 31, 1845); and a final letter from Nannie Gamble with a note written by Letitia on the bottom, \"The last letter ever received from my darling cousin N.S.G. who is now numbered with the dead\" (September 9, 1845). ","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 12170","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1396"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Watts family papers-addition"],"collection_title_tesim":["Watts family papers-addition"],"collection_ssim":["Watts family papers-addition"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"geogname_ssim":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"places_ssim":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was a gift from Katherine Watts to the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia Library on 9 April 2022."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Slavery--United States -- Virginia","lawyers -- Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Slavery--United States -- Virginia","lawyers -- Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["9 Cubic Feet 12 legal size document boxes, 1 half-size legal document box, 2 cubics of bibles, and 2 oversize boxes",".107 Gigabytes","0.25 Cubic Feet"],"extent_tesim":["9 Cubic Feet 12 legal size document boxes, 1 half-size legal document box, 2 cubics of bibles, and 2 oversize boxes",".107 Gigabytes","0.25 Cubic Feet"],"physfacet_tesim":["2,588 files, 2, 371 MS Word files, 176 Open office documents, 23 jpegs, 13 Apple/Double files, 3 tiffs, 1 pdf.","Oversize box: Photographs and certificates of Watts family members (deframed)"],"date_range_isim":[1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Watts family papers are arranged into 9 series. Series 1. Family Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, History and letters of James and Dolley Madison, Series 3. Documents related to enslavement, Series 4. Legal and Financial papers, Subseries A. Indentures, Subseries B. Marriage agreements, petitions, statements, and wills, Subseries C. Letters about collecting debts, Subseries D. Receipts for goods and services of the Watts family, Series 5. Newspaper clippings and miscellaneous family papers and oversize photographs, Series 6. Family Bibles, Series 7. Roanoke Gun Club Inc. land, Series 8. Showalter transcriptions on digital materials and a flash drive. Box 1 contains folders with some transcription of the letters in the collection and a folder with biographical information. Box 12 contains folders with an index and a folder of miscellaneous information about the collection. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdded existing collection MSS 12170 (3 folders) of Breckinridge, Gamble and Watts families into this addition of Watts family papers MSS 12170. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Watts family papers are arranged into 9 series. Series 1. Family Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, History and letters of James and Dolley Madison, Series 3. Documents related to enslavement, Series 4. Legal and Financial papers, Subseries A. Indentures, Subseries B. Marriage agreements, petitions, statements, and wills, Subseries C. Letters about collecting debts, Subseries D. Receipts for goods and services of the Watts family, Series 5. Newspaper clippings and miscellaneous family papers and oversize photographs, Series 6. Family Bibles, Series 7. Roanoke Gun Club Inc. land, Series 8. Showalter transcriptions on digital materials and a flash drive. Box 1 contains folders with some transcription of the letters in the collection and a folder with biographical information. Box 12 contains folders with an index and a folder of miscellaneous information about the collection. ","Added existing collection MSS 12170 (3 folders) of Breckinridge, Gamble and Watts families into this addition of Watts family papers MSS 12170. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Watts family has been part of the Roanoke Valley (also called \"Big Lick\") in Virginia for six generations. General Edward Watts was born on 7 April 1779, in Prince Edward, Virginia. He was the son of William Watts (1742-1797), and Mary Scott (1758-1836). He married Elizabeth Breckinridge, the daughter of James Breckinridge on 6 May 1811 and they had 10 children, including William Watts (1817-1877), Mary Scott Gamble (1814-1840), Ann Selden Watts Holcombe (1820-1888), Alice Watts Robertson (1832-1914), Emma Gilmer Watts Carr (1834-1872) and Letitia Watts Sorrell (1829-1900). Edward Watts purchased 400 acres of land from his father-in-law, James Breckinridge (called The Barrens) where he built his home \"Oaklands\" in 1817. General Edward Watts died in 1859 at age 59. The Watts and Breckinridge families were well-known families in southwest Virginia who enslaved people during the American Revolution and the American Civil War. They were admired by their peers as influential attorneys, politicians, and land owners who often opened their house to the community.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeneral Edward Watts was educated at Liberty Hall Academy (Washington \u0026amp; Lee), and Princeton. He was an officer in the War of 1812 and was the Commonwealth attorney for Roanoke County from 1839 to 1845. His son, William Watts (1817-1877) was a Colonel in the 28th Infantry of the Confederate Army (Roanoke Greys). He was educated in medicine and law at the University of Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter the war, he followed in his father's path as the Commonwealth attorney from 1845 to 1854. He was in the State Constitutional Convention (1850-1851), and was president of the Exchange Bank of Virginia. He also ran for governor in 1834 and 1842. He served in the legislature for one term in 1875. He married Mary Allen in 1850 and they had one living son, John Allen Watts (1855-1904). Mary Allen died following his birth in 1855. Colonel William Watts was also a farmer who enslaved over 100 people. He was said to have one enslaved person as his \"body servant\" through the war and gave him a home for life. Research of the collection has not yet provided his name.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohn Allen Watts (1855-1904) nicknamed \"Squat\" was also a student at the University of Virginia and became an attorney. He married Gertrude Lee and they had a son named William. John Allen Watts sold Oaklands to a develpment company and it burned down in 1897. Descendants Jean Staples Showalter, English Showalter, and Katherine Watts donated this collection of their family's papers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources:\n\"Roanoke and Western Virginia: Glimpses of the Pst: Oaklands\" http://showalter.blogspot.com/2010/12/oaklands.html\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBarnes, Raymond. \"Confederates of Roanoke-V: General Edward Watts and Colonel William Watts Founded Clan\" Roanoke World News. 5 April 1961. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/94647C8F-8806-4D18-8A04-445143233613#gallery\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nBarnes, Raymond. 'Oaklands' Was Hospitable Seat of Watts Family for Generations: Needed Big Staff\" Roanoke World News. 21 May 1958. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/53DC8EB0-DBE3-4B95-B4AF-027946626463#gallery\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nWatts, Katherine. \"The Roanoke Valley and the Watts Family\" June 1984.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Watts family has been part of the Roanoke Valley (also called \"Big Lick\") in Virginia for six generations. General Edward Watts was born on 7 April 1779, in Prince Edward, Virginia. He was the son of William Watts (1742-1797), and Mary Scott (1758-1836). He married Elizabeth Breckinridge, the daughter of James Breckinridge on 6 May 1811 and they had 10 children, including William Watts (1817-1877), Mary Scott Gamble (1814-1840), Ann Selden Watts Holcombe (1820-1888), Alice Watts Robertson (1832-1914), Emma Gilmer Watts Carr (1834-1872) and Letitia Watts Sorrell (1829-1900). Edward Watts purchased 400 acres of land from his father-in-law, James Breckinridge (called The Barrens) where he built his home \"Oaklands\" in 1817. General Edward Watts died in 1859 at age 59. The Watts and Breckinridge families were well-known families in southwest Virginia who enslaved people during the American Revolution and the American Civil War. They were admired by their peers as influential attorneys, politicians, and land owners who often opened their house to the community.","General Edward Watts was educated at Liberty Hall Academy (Washington \u0026 Lee), and Princeton. He was an officer in the War of 1812 and was the Commonwealth attorney for Roanoke County from 1839 to 1845. His son, William Watts (1817-1877) was a Colonel in the 28th Infantry of the Confederate Army (Roanoke Greys). He was educated in medicine and law at the University of Virginia. ","After the war, he followed in his father's path as the Commonwealth attorney from 1845 to 1854. He was in the State Constitutional Convention (1850-1851), and was president of the Exchange Bank of Virginia. He also ran for governor in 1834 and 1842. He served in the legislature for one term in 1875. He married Mary Allen in 1850 and they had one living son, John Allen Watts (1855-1904). Mary Allen died following his birth in 1855. Colonel William Watts was also a farmer who enslaved over 100 people. He was said to have one enslaved person as his \"body servant\" through the war and gave him a home for life. Research of the collection has not yet provided his name.","John Allen Watts (1855-1904) nicknamed \"Squat\" was also a student at the University of Virginia and became an attorney. He married Gertrude Lee and they had a son named William. John Allen Watts sold Oaklands to a develpment company and it burned down in 1897. Descendants Jean Staples Showalter, English Showalter, and Katherine Watts donated this collection of their family's papers. ","Sources:\n\"Roanoke and Western Virginia: Glimpses of the Pst: Oaklands\" http://showalter.blogspot.com/2010/12/oaklands.html","Barnes, Raymond. \"Confederates of Roanoke-V: General Edward Watts and Colonel William Watts Founded Clan\" Roanoke World News. 5 April 1961. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/94647C8F-8806-4D18-8A04-445143233613#gallery","\nBarnes, Raymond. 'Oaklands' Was Hospitable Seat of Watts Family for Generations: Needed Big Staff\" Roanoke World News. 21 May 1958. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/53DC8EB0-DBE3-4B95-B4AF-027946626463#gallery","\nWatts, Katherine. \"The Roanoke Valley and the Watts Family\" June 1984."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 12170, Watts family papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 12170, Watts family papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere is a website at the O. Winston Link Museum (History Museum of West Virginia) that has many of the Watts family letters online \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ehttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/byperson?page=3\u0026amp;keyword=Watts%2C%20William\u0026amp;searchType=person\u0026amp;showsearch=True\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRelated collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 8914, and MSS 653.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials","Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["There is a website at the O. Winston Link Museum (History Museum of West Virginia) that has many of the Watts family letters online ","https://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/byperson?page=3\u0026keyword=Watts%2C%20William\u0026searchType=person\u0026showsearch=True","Related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 8914, and MSS 653.","MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Watts family papers of Roanoke County, Virginia at \"Oaklands\" in Flat Creek, Campbell County) consist of correspondence and documents related to the American Revolution, the War of 1812, the United States Civil War, war with Osceola and Seminole tribes in Florida, Virginia politics, economic and social history (including enslavement),land ownership, farming, court cases and debt from 1786 to 1950 in southwest Virginia. The Watts are related to many other Virginia families including James and Dolley Madison. This collection represents a great view into historical and social events of the eighteenth and nineteenth century in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe papers of this family of landowners, farmers, politicians, and attorneys portray the rich southern antebellum life on the Oaklands plantation. Despite the told and true characteristics of the kindness of the Watts family, they were nineteenth century southern plantation owners who owned hundreds of enslaved persons. The letters and receipts in the collection include many first names and some last names. One enslaved person, Henry Langhorne, a lifetime attendant of Colonel William Watts was bequeathed $1,000 and a home for life. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSome letters mention the Watt's efforts to keep enslaved families from being separated by intervening in the sales of enslaved persons. There are many references to enslaved people among their households and farm, including descriptions of providing their clothing, housing, and nurturing them when they were sick, like family members. It is important to note that the collection also contains receipts for their purchase and loan. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe issue of enslavement is discussed in local meetings that Watts attended. There are also letters from former enslaved persons such as [Malinda] Langhorne and William Langhorne to Watts family members and photographs of enslaved persons, Aunt Sally and Aunt Phoebe standing together, and a photograph of Uncle Lou with the Watts children. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is also correspondence about financial and legal matters as Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his father, General Edward Watts (1779-1859), were attorneys. Much of their correspondence relates to collecting debts, indentures, land surveys, receipts, and politics (Whig party, Commonwealth Attorney, Constitutional Convention, Virginia Delegates, and candidacy for Governor), and religion. The papers contain discussions about the popular faith of Presbyterians and Episcopalians). The University of Virginia, Washington \u0026amp; Lee, and William \u0026amp; Mary College are also mentioned.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection spans six generations of the Watts family including General Edward Watts and his wife Elizabeth Breckinridge (1794-1862), their son Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his wife Mary Jane Allen (1825-1855). Also included is their son, John Allen Watts and his wife Gertrude Lee. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther related families include Madison, Breckenridge, Allen, Jackson, Watson, Morris, Gamble, Payne, Washington, Meigs, and Saunders. (MSS 653) Other related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples..(see related materials note)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Mary Scott Watts Gamble have been combined into this collection. These letters contain her accounts of attacks by Osceola and Seminole people in Florida. She mentions that Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 1 contains a folder of transcriptions for some of the collection letters and a folder of biographical information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter dated 1819 mentions \"Joshua\" who rode Edward Watts' horse for him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are newspaper clippings about the Watts family. Included is a newspaper article, \"Number of Colored Residents Have Been Here for 50 Years,\" 28 January, 1934 about families in Roanoke that were enslaved 50 years earlier. Nettie Simms Calloway claims that her father, L. M. Simm, was owned by Colonel William Watts and that her great-grandmother was enslaved by General Edward Watts at Oaklands. Other family names of enslaved persons are named in the article. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAn obituary for Colonel William Watts mentions that a large group enslaved people were around him at his death including Henry Langhorne who had attended him during the war and throughout his life. Colonel Watts left him $1,000 in his will and a permanent home. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere is an address by John Allen Watts and  newspaper clippings about the Watts family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA. Indentures, deeds, plats, receipts, tax statements,petitions, and wills. B. Letters about debt collection. C.Stocks D. Receipt for goods and services for Watts family\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Leather Bound] Reverend Washington Erben and Reverend Clement Butler, Reverend Alfred Nevin, Gustave Dore\nErben, Washington; Butler, Clement, Nevin, Alfred; Dore, Gustave [Illustrator]\nPublished by John E. Potter and Company, 1880\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAutographed Elizabeth Watts, with date January 1817. Written note \"December 29, [1846] I commenced.\" Paste down on inside front cover, obituary of General Edward Watts, August 9, 1859.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of the correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families, ca.1794-1850, but chiefly that of Mary Scott Watts Gamble (1814-1840)daughter of General Edward Watts. The name has been changed to Watts family papers as of March 2023. There are many related collections of the Watts family papers. MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; and MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMary Gamble wrote to her aunt, Emma W. Breckinridge, Grove Hill, Fincastle, Botetourt County, Virginia; her mother, Elizabeth Breckinridge Watts and her father, General Edward Watts, Oakland, near Big Lick, Botetourt County, Virginia; her brothers, William and James B. Watts; and her sisters, Ann S. Watts and Letitia G. Watts. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMost of the letters to her immediate family were written after her marriage and move to Welaunee, Florida, located near Tallahassee, except for several to her brother William Watts while he was away at the New London Academy, Campbell County, Virginia. Many of Mary Watts Gamble's letters are to her aunt, Mrs. Cary Breckinridge (Emma W. Gilmer), 1831-1838, and most of them were written prior to her marriage in 1834. All of her undated letters to her aunt appear to have been written before her marriage and are filed at the beginning of the year 1834 as [ante 1834]. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMary Watts Gamble at Flat Creek writes about the purchase of 34 enslaved persons by Uncle Gamble to prepare the ground for cotton. Her letters also describe her experiences of the conflicts with the Osceola and Seminole warriors in Florida (causing her to learn how to load and shoot a gun). She mentions the Second Seminole War in Florida. Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are details of her accounts of the interactions of the Seminoles  on women, children, and enslaved persons including one on the property of Judge Randall, including the burning of buildings in Magnolia and Hickstown and upon the home, family, and enslaved persons of Mrs. Purifoy, wife of a Methodist minister and daughter of Captain Byrd, just four miles away from Welaunee (April 13, 1838). She mentions the removal of the Apalachicola tribe to the West; the actions of Territorial Governor Richard Keith Call (1792-1862), and the Gambles forced evacuation from Welaunee to Tallahassee for safety. (May 9, 1836) They planned to sail on the Brig Orion from St. Marks to New Orleans, taking a steamboat to Louisville, and then proceeding by mail [coach?] to White Sulphur Springs, [West] Virginia (May 21, 1836). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eShe also mentions her disapproval of the plans of General [Winfield?] Scott for delaying the pursuit of the Seminole War to a later time. She writes about the recent Texas disasters at [the Alamo?] and the loss of [James Walker] Fannin's detachment at the Massacre at La Bahia (Goliad), including concern about the fate of her acquaintances Burr and John Duval. A website on the history of Texas records that Burr and Duval were captured and executed (April 24, 1836). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHer letters also include the health and news of famly members; her marriage to her cousin James Gamble; her attendance at three days of preaching at the Academy (May 19, 1832); the unpopularity of the Reverend [Gyng?] in Tallahasseethe family's concern for William and Robert over an outbreak of scarlet fever near New London Academy(January 12, 1833); and the illness and death of her grandfather, General James Breckinridge.   (May 15, 1833).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAdditional subjects include  attempts to persuade her her attempts to convince her brother James to begin his law practice in Tallahassee and comments about the presidential election.She describes the romantic affairs of her brother James; her illness and plans to recover in Virginia (May 15, 1837); her stay in St. Joseph [Bay?] for the summer because of her health, reading the works of Hannah More (1745-1833) while staying in St. Joseph, especially The History of Hester Wilmot and description of the area (July 30, 1838); her return to Tallahassee, and her husband's new store (October 22, 1838); and her stay in a boarding house near the store (December 15, 1838). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents in the folder of general correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families include: Robert Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters (March 20 and July 23, 1794; n.d.); John Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters, his lawsuit with Isaac Robinson, and a reference to the Whisky Rebellion at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania (August 19, 1794); William Breckinridge to James Breckinridge (September 1794); James Breckinridge to Ann Breckinridge discussing the sickness of Lewis and news about others of their acquaintance (January 24, 1819); James Breckinridge to Edward Watts mentions the James River bill and the death of Judge Fleming which left a vacancy on the court (February 22, 1824). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMary Page Randolph discusses her unexpected trip to Montpelier, Orange County, and Edgehill, Albemarle County, Virginia, with Thomas Jefferson Randolph, and sympathy for Mary S. Watts' \"late bereavement\" (July 22, 1833); Robert Gamble to Colonel Edward Watts discusses the visit of Mary Scott Watts and the death of his niece Laura (January 13, 1834); Edward Watts to his daughter, Elizabeth B. Watts, announcing the death of Mary Watts Gamble on May 22, 1840 (1840); Emma W. Breckinridge to her niece Letty [Letitia G. Watts?] (December 21, 1850); and John Wickham to James Breckinridge, notifying them of a death which has greatly distressed Betsy (August 14, n.y.). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are several letters from Nannie Gamble to her cousin, Letitia G. Watts, in which she describes her return visit from New York to Savannah, Georgia by ship (November 13, 1843) furnishes news of the family while in the mountains, near Abingdon, Virginia (January 20, 1845); expresses her sorrow at the news of the death of their friend, Lizzie Peyton, and describes the difficult journey home from Abingdon to Tallahassee which took five weeks (March 4, 1845); mentions the death of Lucy Gilmer (May 31, 1845); and a final letter from Nannie Gamble with a note written by Letitia on the bottom, \"The last letter ever received from my darling cousin N.S.G. who is now numbered with the dead\" (September 9, 1845). \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Watts family papers of Roanoke County, Virginia at \"Oaklands\" in Flat Creek, Campbell County) consist of correspondence and documents related to the American Revolution, the War of 1812, the United States Civil War, war with Osceola and Seminole tribes in Florida, Virginia politics, economic and social history (including enslavement),land ownership, farming, court cases and debt from 1786 to 1950 in southwest Virginia. The Watts are related to many other Virginia families including James and Dolley Madison. This collection represents a great view into historical and social events of the eighteenth and nineteenth century in Virginia.","The papers of this family of landowners, farmers, politicians, and attorneys portray the rich southern antebellum life on the Oaklands plantation. Despite the told and true characteristics of the kindness of the Watts family, they were nineteenth century southern plantation owners who owned hundreds of enslaved persons. The letters and receipts in the collection include many first names and some last names. One enslaved person, Henry Langhorne, a lifetime attendant of Colonel William Watts was bequeathed $1,000 and a home for life. ","Some letters mention the Watt's efforts to keep enslaved families from being separated by intervening in the sales of enslaved persons. There are many references to enslaved people among their households and farm, including descriptions of providing their clothing, housing, and nurturing them when they were sick, like family members. It is important to note that the collection also contains receipts for their purchase and loan. ","The issue of enslavement is discussed in local meetings that Watts attended. There are also letters from former enslaved persons such as [Malinda] Langhorne and William Langhorne to Watts family members and photographs of enslaved persons, Aunt Sally and Aunt Phoebe standing together, and a photograph of Uncle Lou with the Watts children. ","There is also correspondence about financial and legal matters as Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his father, General Edward Watts (1779-1859), were attorneys. Much of their correspondence relates to collecting debts, indentures, land surveys, receipts, and politics (Whig party, Commonwealth Attorney, Constitutional Convention, Virginia Delegates, and candidacy for Governor), and religion. The papers contain discussions about the popular faith of Presbyterians and Episcopalians). The University of Virginia, Washington \u0026 Lee, and William \u0026 Mary College are also mentioned.","The collection spans six generations of the Watts family including General Edward Watts and his wife Elizabeth Breckinridge (1794-1862), their son Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his wife Mary Jane Allen (1825-1855). Also included is their son, John Allen Watts and his wife Gertrude Lee. ","Other related families include Madison, Breckenridge, Allen, Jackson, Watson, Morris, Gamble, Payne, Washington, Meigs, and Saunders. (MSS 653) Other related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples..(see related materials note)","The papers of Mary Scott Watts Gamble have been combined into this collection. These letters contain her accounts of attacks by Osceola and Seminole people in Florida. She mentions that Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) ","Box 1 contains a folder of transcriptions for some of the collection letters and a folder of biographical information.","Letter dated 1819 mentions \"Joshua\" who rode Edward Watts' horse for him.","There are newspaper clippings about the Watts family. Included is a newspaper article, \"Number of Colored Residents Have Been Here for 50 Years,\" 28 January, 1934 about families in Roanoke that were enslaved 50 years earlier. Nettie Simms Calloway claims that her father, L. M. Simm, was owned by Colonel William Watts and that her great-grandmother was enslaved by General Edward Watts at Oaklands. Other family names of enslaved persons are named in the article. ","An obituary for Colonel William Watts mentions that a large group enslaved people were around him at his death including Henry Langhorne who had attended him during the war and throughout his life. Colonel Watts left him $1,000 in his will and a permanent home. ","There is an address by John Allen Watts and  newspaper clippings about the Watts family.","A. Indentures, deeds, plats, receipts, tax statements,petitions, and wills. B. Letters about debt collection. C.Stocks D. Receipt for goods and services for Watts family","[Leather Bound] Reverend Washington Erben and Reverend Clement Butler, Reverend Alfred Nevin, Gustave Dore\nErben, Washington; Butler, Clement, Nevin, Alfred; Dore, Gustave [Illustrator]\nPublished by John E. Potter and Company, 1880","Autographed Elizabeth Watts, with date January 1817. Written note \"December 29, [1846] I commenced.\" Paste down on inside front cover, obituary of General Edward Watts, August 9, 1859.","This series consists of the correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families, ca.1794-1850, but chiefly that of Mary Scott Watts Gamble (1814-1840)daughter of General Edward Watts. The name has been changed to Watts family papers as of March 2023. There are many related collections of the Watts family papers. MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; and MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.","Mary Gamble wrote to her aunt, Emma W. Breckinridge, Grove Hill, Fincastle, Botetourt County, Virginia; her mother, Elizabeth Breckinridge Watts and her father, General Edward Watts, Oakland, near Big Lick, Botetourt County, Virginia; her brothers, William and James B. Watts; and her sisters, Ann S. Watts and Letitia G. Watts. ","Most of the letters to her immediate family were written after her marriage and move to Welaunee, Florida, located near Tallahassee, except for several to her brother William Watts while he was away at the New London Academy, Campbell County, Virginia. Many of Mary Watts Gamble's letters are to her aunt, Mrs. Cary Breckinridge (Emma W. Gilmer), 1831-1838, and most of them were written prior to her marriage in 1834. All of her undated letters to her aunt appear to have been written before her marriage and are filed at the beginning of the year 1834 as [ante 1834]. ","Mary Watts Gamble at Flat Creek writes about the purchase of 34 enslaved persons by Uncle Gamble to prepare the ground for cotton. Her letters also describe her experiences of the conflicts with the Osceola and Seminole warriors in Florida (causing her to learn how to load and shoot a gun). She mentions the Second Seminole War in Florida. Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) ","There are details of her accounts of the interactions of the Seminoles  on women, children, and enslaved persons including one on the property of Judge Randall, including the burning of buildings in Magnolia and Hickstown and upon the home, family, and enslaved persons of Mrs. Purifoy, wife of a Methodist minister and daughter of Captain Byrd, just four miles away from Welaunee (April 13, 1838). She mentions the removal of the Apalachicola tribe to the West; the actions of Territorial Governor Richard Keith Call (1792-1862), and the Gambles forced evacuation from Welaunee to Tallahassee for safety. (May 9, 1836) They planned to sail on the Brig Orion from St. Marks to New Orleans, taking a steamboat to Louisville, and then proceeding by mail [coach?] to White Sulphur Springs, [West] Virginia (May 21, 1836). ","She also mentions her disapproval of the plans of General [Winfield?] Scott for delaying the pursuit of the Seminole War to a later time. She writes about the recent Texas disasters at [the Alamo?] and the loss of [James Walker] Fannin's detachment at the Massacre at La Bahia (Goliad), including concern about the fate of her acquaintances Burr and John Duval. A website on the history of Texas records that Burr and Duval were captured and executed (April 24, 1836). ","Her letters also include the health and news of famly members; her marriage to her cousin James Gamble; her attendance at three days of preaching at the Academy (May 19, 1832); the unpopularity of the Reverend [Gyng?] in Tallahasseethe family's concern for William and Robert over an outbreak of scarlet fever near New London Academy(January 12, 1833); and the illness and death of her grandfather, General James Breckinridge.   (May 15, 1833).","\nAdditional subjects include  attempts to persuade her her attempts to convince her brother James to begin his law practice in Tallahassee and comments about the presidential election.She describes the romantic affairs of her brother James; her illness and plans to recover in Virginia (May 15, 1837); her stay in St. Joseph [Bay?] for the summer because of her health, reading the works of Hannah More (1745-1833) while staying in St. Joseph, especially The History of Hester Wilmot and description of the area (July 30, 1838); her return to Tallahassee, and her husband's new store (October 22, 1838); and her stay in a boarding house near the store (December 15, 1838). ","Correspondents in the folder of general correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families include: Robert Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters (March 20 and July 23, 1794; n.d.); John Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters, his lawsuit with Isaac Robinson, and a reference to the Whisky Rebellion at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania (August 19, 1794); William Breckinridge to James Breckinridge (September 1794); James Breckinridge to Ann Breckinridge discussing the sickness of Lewis and news about others of their acquaintance (January 24, 1819); James Breckinridge to Edward Watts mentions the James River bill and the death of Judge Fleming which left a vacancy on the court (February 22, 1824). ","Mary Page Randolph discusses her unexpected trip to Montpelier, Orange County, and Edgehill, Albemarle County, Virginia, with Thomas Jefferson Randolph, and sympathy for Mary S. Watts' \"late bereavement\" (July 22, 1833); Robert Gamble to Colonel Edward Watts discusses the visit of Mary Scott Watts and the death of his niece Laura (January 13, 1834); Edward Watts to his daughter, Elizabeth B. Watts, announcing the death of Mary Watts Gamble on May 22, 1840 (1840); Emma W. Breckinridge to her niece Letty [Letitia G. Watts?] (December 21, 1850); and John Wickham to James Breckinridge, notifying them of a death which has greatly distressed Betsy (August 14, n.y.). ","There are several letters from Nannie Gamble to her cousin, Letitia G. Watts, in which she describes her return visit from New York to Savannah, Georgia by ship (November 13, 1843) furnishes news of the family while in the mountains, near Abingdon, Virginia (January 20, 1845); expresses her sorrow at the news of the death of their friend, Lizzie Peyton, and describes the difficult journey home from Abingdon to Tallahassee which took five weeks (March 4, 1845); mentions the death of Lucy Gilmer (May 31, 1845); and a final letter from Nannie Gamble with a note written by Letitia on the bottom, \"The last letter ever received from my darling cousin N.S.G. who is now numbered with the dead\" (September 9, 1845). "],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":281,"online_item_count_is":1,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-09T07:08:45.006Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1396"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c01_c22","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Watts indentures, platts, and surveys","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c01_c22#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c01_c22","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c01_c22"],"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c01_c22","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c01","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c01","parent_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04","viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04","viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Watts family papers-addition","Series 4. Financial and Legal papers","Indentures"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Watts family papers-addition","Series 4. Financial and Legal papers","Indentures"],"text":["Watts family papers-addition","Series 4. Financial and Legal papers","Indentures","Watts indentures, platts, and surveys","box 6","folder 10"],"title_filing_ssi":"Watts indentures, platts, and surveys","title_ssm":["Watts indentures, platts, and surveys"],"title_tesim":["Watts indentures, platts, and surveys"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1829-1842"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1829/1842"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Watts indentures, platts, and surveys"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Watts family papers-addition"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":145,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research use."],"date_range_isim":[1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842],"containers_ssim":["box 6","folder 10"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#0/components#21","timestamp":"2026-06-09T07:08:45.006Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1396.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/151360","title_filing_ssi":"Watts family papers","title_ssm":["Watts family papers-addition"],"title_tesim":["Watts family papers-addition"],"unitdate_ssm":["1786-1950"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1786-1950"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 12170","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource 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Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1396","Watts family papers-addition","United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Slavery--United States -- Virginia","lawyers -- Virginia","The collection is open for research use.","The Watts family papers are arranged into 9 series. Series 1. Family Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, History and letters of James and Dolley Madison, Series 3. Documents related to enslavement, Series 4. Legal and Financial papers, Subseries A. Indentures, Subseries B. Marriage agreements, petitions, statements, and wills, Subseries C. Letters about collecting debts, Subseries D. Receipts for goods and services of the Watts family, Series 5. Newspaper clippings and miscellaneous family papers and oversize photographs, Series 6. Family Bibles, Series 7. Roanoke Gun Club Inc. land, Series 8. Showalter transcriptions on digital materials and a flash drive. Box 1 contains folders with some transcription of the letters in the collection and a folder with biographical information. Box 12 contains folders with an index and a folder of miscellaneous information about the collection. ","Added existing collection MSS 12170 (3 folders) of Breckinridge, Gamble and Watts families into this addition of Watts family papers MSS 12170. ","The Watts family has been part of the Roanoke Valley (also called \"Big Lick\") in Virginia for six generations. General Edward Watts was born on 7 April 1779, in Prince Edward, Virginia. He was the son of William Watts (1742-1797), and Mary Scott (1758-1836). He married Elizabeth Breckinridge, the daughter of James Breckinridge on 6 May 1811 and they had 10 children, including William Watts (1817-1877), Mary Scott Gamble (1814-1840), Ann Selden Watts Holcombe (1820-1888), Alice Watts Robertson (1832-1914), Emma Gilmer Watts Carr (1834-1872) and Letitia Watts Sorrell (1829-1900). Edward Watts purchased 400 acres of land from his father-in-law, James Breckinridge (called The Barrens) where he built his home \"Oaklands\" in 1817. General Edward Watts died in 1859 at age 59. The Watts and Breckinridge families were well-known families in southwest Virginia who enslaved people during the American Revolution and the American Civil War. They were admired by their peers as influential attorneys, politicians, and land owners who often opened their house to the community.","General Edward Watts was educated at Liberty Hall Academy (Washington \u0026 Lee), and Princeton. He was an officer in the War of 1812 and was the Commonwealth attorney for Roanoke County from 1839 to 1845. His son, William Watts (1817-1877) was a Colonel in the 28th Infantry of the Confederate Army (Roanoke Greys). He was educated in medicine and law at the University of Virginia. ","After the war, he followed in his father's path as the Commonwealth attorney from 1845 to 1854. He was in the State Constitutional Convention (1850-1851), and was president of the Exchange Bank of Virginia. He also ran for governor in 1834 and 1842. He served in the legislature for one term in 1875. He married Mary Allen in 1850 and they had one living son, John Allen Watts (1855-1904). Mary Allen died following his birth in 1855. Colonel William Watts was also a farmer who enslaved over 100 people. He was said to have one enslaved person as his \"body servant\" through the war and gave him a home for life. Research of the collection has not yet provided his name.","John Allen Watts (1855-1904) nicknamed \"Squat\" was also a student at the University of Virginia and became an attorney. He married Gertrude Lee and they had a son named William. John Allen Watts sold Oaklands to a develpment company and it burned down in 1897. Descendants Jean Staples Showalter, English Showalter, and Katherine Watts donated this collection of their family's papers. ","Sources:\n\"Roanoke and Western Virginia: Glimpses of the Pst: Oaklands\" http://showalter.blogspot.com/2010/12/oaklands.html","Barnes, Raymond. \"Confederates of Roanoke-V: General Edward Watts and Colonel William Watts Founded Clan\" Roanoke World News. 5 April 1961. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/94647C8F-8806-4D18-8A04-445143233613#gallery","\nBarnes, Raymond. 'Oaklands' Was Hospitable Seat of Watts Family for Generations: Needed Big Staff\" Roanoke World News. 21 May 1958. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/53DC8EB0-DBE3-4B95-B4AF-027946626463#gallery","\nWatts, Katherine. \"The Roanoke Valley and the Watts Family\" June 1984.","There is a website at the O. Winston Link Museum (History Museum of West Virginia) that has many of the Watts family letters online ","https://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/byperson?page=3\u0026keyword=Watts%2C%20William\u0026searchType=person\u0026showsearch=True","Related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 8914, and MSS 653.","MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.","The Watts family papers of Roanoke County, Virginia at \"Oaklands\" in Flat Creek, Campbell County) consist of correspondence and documents related to the American Revolution, the War of 1812, the United States Civil War, war with Osceola and Seminole tribes in Florida, Virginia politics, economic and social history (including enslavement),land ownership, farming, court cases and debt from 1786 to 1950 in southwest Virginia. The Watts are related to many other Virginia families including James and Dolley Madison. This collection represents a great view into historical and social events of the eighteenth and nineteenth century in Virginia.","The papers of this family of landowners, farmers, politicians, and attorneys portray the rich southern antebellum life on the Oaklands plantation. Despite the told and true characteristics of the kindness of the Watts family, they were nineteenth century southern plantation owners who owned hundreds of enslaved persons. The letters and receipts in the collection include many first names and some last names. One enslaved person, Henry Langhorne, a lifetime attendant of Colonel William Watts was bequeathed $1,000 and a home for life. ","Some letters mention the Watt's efforts to keep enslaved families from being separated by intervening in the sales of enslaved persons. There are many references to enslaved people among their households and farm, including descriptions of providing their clothing, housing, and nurturing them when they were sick, like family members. It is important to note that the collection also contains receipts for their purchase and loan. ","The issue of enslavement is discussed in local meetings that Watts attended. There are also letters from former enslaved persons such as [Malinda] Langhorne and William Langhorne to Watts family members and photographs of enslaved persons, Aunt Sally and Aunt Phoebe standing together, and a photograph of Uncle Lou with the Watts children. ","There is also correspondence about financial and legal matters as Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his father, General Edward Watts (1779-1859), were attorneys. Much of their correspondence relates to collecting debts, indentures, land surveys, receipts, and politics (Whig party, Commonwealth Attorney, Constitutional Convention, Virginia Delegates, and candidacy for Governor), and religion. The papers contain discussions about the popular faith of Presbyterians and Episcopalians). The University of Virginia, Washington \u0026 Lee, and William \u0026 Mary College are also mentioned.","The collection spans six generations of the Watts family including General Edward Watts and his wife Elizabeth Breckinridge (1794-1862), their son Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his wife Mary Jane Allen (1825-1855). Also included is their son, John Allen Watts and his wife Gertrude Lee. ","Other related families include Madison, Breckenridge, Allen, Jackson, Watson, Morris, Gamble, Payne, Washington, Meigs, and Saunders. (MSS 653) Other related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples..(see related materials note)","The papers of Mary Scott Watts Gamble have been combined into this collection. These letters contain her accounts of attacks by Osceola and Seminole people in Florida. She mentions that Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) ","Box 1 contains a folder of transcriptions for some of the collection letters and a folder of biographical information.","Letter dated 1819 mentions \"Joshua\" who rode Edward Watts' horse for him.","There are newspaper clippings about the Watts family. Included is a newspaper article, \"Number of Colored Residents Have Been Here for 50 Years,\" 28 January, 1934 about families in Roanoke that were enslaved 50 years earlier. Nettie Simms Calloway claims that her father, L. M. Simm, was owned by Colonel William Watts and that her great-grandmother was enslaved by General Edward Watts at Oaklands. Other family names of enslaved persons are named in the article. ","An obituary for Colonel William Watts mentions that a large group enslaved people were around him at his death including Henry Langhorne who had attended him during the war and throughout his life. Colonel Watts left him $1,000 in his will and a permanent home. ","There is an address by John Allen Watts and  newspaper clippings about the Watts family.","A. Indentures, deeds, plats, receipts, tax statements,petitions, and wills. B. Letters about debt collection. C.Stocks D. Receipt for goods and services for Watts family","[Leather Bound] Reverend Washington Erben and Reverend Clement Butler, Reverend Alfred Nevin, Gustave Dore\nErben, Washington; Butler, Clement, Nevin, Alfred; Dore, Gustave [Illustrator]\nPublished by John E. Potter and Company, 1880","Autographed Elizabeth Watts, with date January 1817. Written note \"December 29, [1846] I commenced.\" Paste down on inside front cover, obituary of General Edward Watts, August 9, 1859.","This series consists of the correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families, ca.1794-1850, but chiefly that of Mary Scott Watts Gamble (1814-1840)daughter of General Edward Watts. The name has been changed to Watts family papers as of March 2023. There are many related collections of the Watts family papers. MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; and MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.","Mary Gamble wrote to her aunt, Emma W. Breckinridge, Grove Hill, Fincastle, Botetourt County, Virginia; her mother, Elizabeth Breckinridge Watts and her father, General Edward Watts, Oakland, near Big Lick, Botetourt County, Virginia; her brothers, William and James B. Watts; and her sisters, Ann S. Watts and Letitia G. Watts. ","Most of the letters to her immediate family were written after her marriage and move to Welaunee, Florida, located near Tallahassee, except for several to her brother William Watts while he was away at the New London Academy, Campbell County, Virginia. Many of Mary Watts Gamble's letters are to her aunt, Mrs. Cary Breckinridge (Emma W. Gilmer), 1831-1838, and most of them were written prior to her marriage in 1834. All of her undated letters to her aunt appear to have been written before her marriage and are filed at the beginning of the year 1834 as [ante 1834]. ","Mary Watts Gamble at Flat Creek writes about the purchase of 34 enslaved persons by Uncle Gamble to prepare the ground for cotton. Her letters also describe her experiences of the conflicts with the Osceola and Seminole warriors in Florida (causing her to learn how to load and shoot a gun). She mentions the Second Seminole War in Florida. Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) ","There are details of her accounts of the interactions of the Seminoles  on women, children, and enslaved persons including one on the property of Judge Randall, including the burning of buildings in Magnolia and Hickstown and upon the home, family, and enslaved persons of Mrs. Purifoy, wife of a Methodist minister and daughter of Captain Byrd, just four miles away from Welaunee (April 13, 1838). She mentions the removal of the Apalachicola tribe to the West; the actions of Territorial Governor Richard Keith Call (1792-1862), and the Gambles forced evacuation from Welaunee to Tallahassee for safety. (May 9, 1836) They planned to sail on the Brig Orion from St. Marks to New Orleans, taking a steamboat to Louisville, and then proceeding by mail [coach?] to White Sulphur Springs, [West] Virginia (May 21, 1836). ","She also mentions her disapproval of the plans of General [Winfield?] Scott for delaying the pursuit of the Seminole War to a later time. She writes about the recent Texas disasters at [the Alamo?] and the loss of [James Walker] Fannin's detachment at the Massacre at La Bahia (Goliad), including concern about the fate of her acquaintances Burr and John Duval. A website on the history of Texas records that Burr and Duval were captured and executed (April 24, 1836). ","Her letters also include the health and news of famly members; her marriage to her cousin James Gamble; her attendance at three days of preaching at the Academy (May 19, 1832); the unpopularity of the Reverend [Gyng?] in Tallahasseethe family's concern for William and Robert over an outbreak of scarlet fever near New London Academy(January 12, 1833); and the illness and death of her grandfather, General James Breckinridge.   (May 15, 1833).","\nAdditional subjects include  attempts to persuade her her attempts to convince her brother James to begin his law practice in Tallahassee and comments about the presidential election.She describes the romantic affairs of her brother James; her illness and plans to recover in Virginia (May 15, 1837); her stay in St. Joseph [Bay?] for the summer because of her health, reading the works of Hannah More (1745-1833) while staying in St. Joseph, especially The History of Hester Wilmot and description of the area (July 30, 1838); her return to Tallahassee, and her husband's new store (October 22, 1838); and her stay in a boarding house near the store (December 15, 1838). ","Correspondents in the folder of general correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families include: Robert Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters (March 20 and July 23, 1794; n.d.); John Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters, his lawsuit with Isaac Robinson, and a reference to the Whisky Rebellion at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania (August 19, 1794); William Breckinridge to James Breckinridge (September 1794); James Breckinridge to Ann Breckinridge discussing the sickness of Lewis and news about others of their acquaintance (January 24, 1819); James Breckinridge to Edward Watts mentions the James River bill and the death of Judge Fleming which left a vacancy on the court (February 22, 1824). ","Mary Page Randolph discusses her unexpected trip to Montpelier, Orange County, and Edgehill, Albemarle County, Virginia, with Thomas Jefferson Randolph, and sympathy for Mary S. Watts' \"late bereavement\" (July 22, 1833); Robert Gamble to Colonel Edward Watts discusses the visit of Mary Scott Watts and the death of his niece Laura (January 13, 1834); Edward Watts to his daughter, Elizabeth B. Watts, announcing the death of Mary Watts Gamble on May 22, 1840 (1840); Emma W. Breckinridge to her niece Letty [Letitia G. Watts?] (December 21, 1850); and John Wickham to James Breckinridge, notifying them of a death which has greatly distressed Betsy (August 14, n.y.). ","There are several letters from Nannie Gamble to her cousin, Letitia G. Watts, in which she describes her return visit from New York to Savannah, Georgia by ship (November 13, 1843) furnishes news of the family while in the mountains, near Abingdon, Virginia (January 20, 1845); expresses her sorrow at the news of the death of their friend, Lizzie Peyton, and describes the difficult journey home from Abingdon to Tallahassee which took five weeks (March 4, 1845); mentions the death of Lucy Gilmer (May 31, 1845); and a final letter from Nannie Gamble with a note written by Letitia on the bottom, \"The last letter ever received from my darling cousin N.S.G. who is now numbered with the dead\" (September 9, 1845). ","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 12170","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1396"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Watts family papers-addition"],"collection_title_tesim":["Watts family papers-addition"],"collection_ssim":["Watts family papers-addition"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"geogname_ssim":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"places_ssim":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was a gift from Katherine Watts to the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia Library on 9 April 2022."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Slavery--United States -- Virginia","lawyers -- Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Slavery--United States -- Virginia","lawyers -- Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["9 Cubic Feet 12 legal size document boxes, 1 half-size legal document box, 2 cubics of bibles, and 2 oversize boxes",".107 Gigabytes","0.25 Cubic Feet"],"extent_tesim":["9 Cubic Feet 12 legal size document boxes, 1 half-size legal document box, 2 cubics of bibles, and 2 oversize boxes",".107 Gigabytes","0.25 Cubic Feet"],"physfacet_tesim":["2,588 files, 2, 371 MS Word files, 176 Open office documents, 23 jpegs, 13 Apple/Double files, 3 tiffs, 1 pdf.","Oversize box: Photographs and certificates of Watts family members (deframed)"],"date_range_isim":[1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Watts family papers are arranged into 9 series. Series 1. Family Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, History and letters of James and Dolley Madison, Series 3. Documents related to enslavement, Series 4. Legal and Financial papers, Subseries A. Indentures, Subseries B. Marriage agreements, petitions, statements, and wills, Subseries C. Letters about collecting debts, Subseries D. Receipts for goods and services of the Watts family, Series 5. Newspaper clippings and miscellaneous family papers and oversize photographs, Series 6. Family Bibles, Series 7. Roanoke Gun Club Inc. land, Series 8. Showalter transcriptions on digital materials and a flash drive. Box 1 contains folders with some transcription of the letters in the collection and a folder with biographical information. Box 12 contains folders with an index and a folder of miscellaneous information about the collection. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdded existing collection MSS 12170 (3 folders) of Breckinridge, Gamble and Watts families into this addition of Watts family papers MSS 12170. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Watts family papers are arranged into 9 series. Series 1. Family Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, History and letters of James and Dolley Madison, Series 3. Documents related to enslavement, Series 4. Legal and Financial papers, Subseries A. Indentures, Subseries B. Marriage agreements, petitions, statements, and wills, Subseries C. Letters about collecting debts, Subseries D. Receipts for goods and services of the Watts family, Series 5. Newspaper clippings and miscellaneous family papers and oversize photographs, Series 6. Family Bibles, Series 7. Roanoke Gun Club Inc. land, Series 8. Showalter transcriptions on digital materials and a flash drive. Box 1 contains folders with some transcription of the letters in the collection and a folder with biographical information. Box 12 contains folders with an index and a folder of miscellaneous information about the collection. ","Added existing collection MSS 12170 (3 folders) of Breckinridge, Gamble and Watts families into this addition of Watts family papers MSS 12170. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Watts family has been part of the Roanoke Valley (also called \"Big Lick\") in Virginia for six generations. General Edward Watts was born on 7 April 1779, in Prince Edward, Virginia. He was the son of William Watts (1742-1797), and Mary Scott (1758-1836). He married Elizabeth Breckinridge, the daughter of James Breckinridge on 6 May 1811 and they had 10 children, including William Watts (1817-1877), Mary Scott Gamble (1814-1840), Ann Selden Watts Holcombe (1820-1888), Alice Watts Robertson (1832-1914), Emma Gilmer Watts Carr (1834-1872) and Letitia Watts Sorrell (1829-1900). Edward Watts purchased 400 acres of land from his father-in-law, James Breckinridge (called The Barrens) where he built his home \"Oaklands\" in 1817. General Edward Watts died in 1859 at age 59. The Watts and Breckinridge families were well-known families in southwest Virginia who enslaved people during the American Revolution and the American Civil War. They were admired by their peers as influential attorneys, politicians, and land owners who often opened their house to the community.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeneral Edward Watts was educated at Liberty Hall Academy (Washington \u0026amp; Lee), and Princeton. He was an officer in the War of 1812 and was the Commonwealth attorney for Roanoke County from 1839 to 1845. His son, William Watts (1817-1877) was a Colonel in the 28th Infantry of the Confederate Army (Roanoke Greys). He was educated in medicine and law at the University of Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter the war, he followed in his father's path as the Commonwealth attorney from 1845 to 1854. He was in the State Constitutional Convention (1850-1851), and was president of the Exchange Bank of Virginia. He also ran for governor in 1834 and 1842. He served in the legislature for one term in 1875. He married Mary Allen in 1850 and they had one living son, John Allen Watts (1855-1904). Mary Allen died following his birth in 1855. Colonel William Watts was also a farmer who enslaved over 100 people. He was said to have one enslaved person as his \"body servant\" through the war and gave him a home for life. Research of the collection has not yet provided his name.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohn Allen Watts (1855-1904) nicknamed \"Squat\" was also a student at the University of Virginia and became an attorney. He married Gertrude Lee and they had a son named William. John Allen Watts sold Oaklands to a develpment company and it burned down in 1897. Descendants Jean Staples Showalter, English Showalter, and Katherine Watts donated this collection of their family's papers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources:\n\"Roanoke and Western Virginia: Glimpses of the Pst: Oaklands\" http://showalter.blogspot.com/2010/12/oaklands.html\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBarnes, Raymond. \"Confederates of Roanoke-V: General Edward Watts and Colonel William Watts Founded Clan\" Roanoke World News. 5 April 1961. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/94647C8F-8806-4D18-8A04-445143233613#gallery\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nBarnes, Raymond. 'Oaklands' Was Hospitable Seat of Watts Family for Generations: Needed Big Staff\" Roanoke World News. 21 May 1958. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/53DC8EB0-DBE3-4B95-B4AF-027946626463#gallery\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nWatts, Katherine. \"The Roanoke Valley and the Watts Family\" June 1984.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Watts family has been part of the Roanoke Valley (also called \"Big Lick\") in Virginia for six generations. General Edward Watts was born on 7 April 1779, in Prince Edward, Virginia. He was the son of William Watts (1742-1797), and Mary Scott (1758-1836). He married Elizabeth Breckinridge, the daughter of James Breckinridge on 6 May 1811 and they had 10 children, including William Watts (1817-1877), Mary Scott Gamble (1814-1840), Ann Selden Watts Holcombe (1820-1888), Alice Watts Robertson (1832-1914), Emma Gilmer Watts Carr (1834-1872) and Letitia Watts Sorrell (1829-1900). Edward Watts purchased 400 acres of land from his father-in-law, James Breckinridge (called The Barrens) where he built his home \"Oaklands\" in 1817. General Edward Watts died in 1859 at age 59. The Watts and Breckinridge families were well-known families in southwest Virginia who enslaved people during the American Revolution and the American Civil War. They were admired by their peers as influential attorneys, politicians, and land owners who often opened their house to the community.","General Edward Watts was educated at Liberty Hall Academy (Washington \u0026 Lee), and Princeton. He was an officer in the War of 1812 and was the Commonwealth attorney for Roanoke County from 1839 to 1845. His son, William Watts (1817-1877) was a Colonel in the 28th Infantry of the Confederate Army (Roanoke Greys). He was educated in medicine and law at the University of Virginia. ","After the war, he followed in his father's path as the Commonwealth attorney from 1845 to 1854. He was in the State Constitutional Convention (1850-1851), and was president of the Exchange Bank of Virginia. He also ran for governor in 1834 and 1842. He served in the legislature for one term in 1875. He married Mary Allen in 1850 and they had one living son, John Allen Watts (1855-1904). Mary Allen died following his birth in 1855. Colonel William Watts was also a farmer who enslaved over 100 people. He was said to have one enslaved person as his \"body servant\" through the war and gave him a home for life. Research of the collection has not yet provided his name.","John Allen Watts (1855-1904) nicknamed \"Squat\" was also a student at the University of Virginia and became an attorney. He married Gertrude Lee and they had a son named William. John Allen Watts sold Oaklands to a develpment company and it burned down in 1897. Descendants Jean Staples Showalter, English Showalter, and Katherine Watts donated this collection of their family's papers. ","Sources:\n\"Roanoke and Western Virginia: Glimpses of the Pst: Oaklands\" http://showalter.blogspot.com/2010/12/oaklands.html","Barnes, Raymond. \"Confederates of Roanoke-V: General Edward Watts and Colonel William Watts Founded Clan\" Roanoke World News. 5 April 1961. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/94647C8F-8806-4D18-8A04-445143233613#gallery","\nBarnes, Raymond. 'Oaklands' Was Hospitable Seat of Watts Family for Generations: Needed Big Staff\" Roanoke World News. 21 May 1958. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/53DC8EB0-DBE3-4B95-B4AF-027946626463#gallery","\nWatts, Katherine. \"The Roanoke Valley and the Watts Family\" June 1984."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 12170, Watts family papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 12170, Watts family papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere is a website at the O. Winston Link Museum (History Museum of West Virginia) that has many of the Watts family letters online \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ehttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/byperson?page=3\u0026amp;keyword=Watts%2C%20William\u0026amp;searchType=person\u0026amp;showsearch=True\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRelated collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 8914, and MSS 653.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials","Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["There is a website at the O. Winston Link Museum (History Museum of West Virginia) that has many of the Watts family letters online ","https://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/byperson?page=3\u0026keyword=Watts%2C%20William\u0026searchType=person\u0026showsearch=True","Related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 8914, and MSS 653.","MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Watts family papers of Roanoke County, Virginia at \"Oaklands\" in Flat Creek, Campbell County) consist of correspondence and documents related to the American Revolution, the War of 1812, the United States Civil War, war with Osceola and Seminole tribes in Florida, Virginia politics, economic and social history (including enslavement),land ownership, farming, court cases and debt from 1786 to 1950 in southwest Virginia. The Watts are related to many other Virginia families including James and Dolley Madison. This collection represents a great view into historical and social events of the eighteenth and nineteenth century in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe papers of this family of landowners, farmers, politicians, and attorneys portray the rich southern antebellum life on the Oaklands plantation. Despite the told and true characteristics of the kindness of the Watts family, they were nineteenth century southern plantation owners who owned hundreds of enslaved persons. The letters and receipts in the collection include many first names and some last names. One enslaved person, Henry Langhorne, a lifetime attendant of Colonel William Watts was bequeathed $1,000 and a home for life. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSome letters mention the Watt's efforts to keep enslaved families from being separated by intervening in the sales of enslaved persons. There are many references to enslaved people among their households and farm, including descriptions of providing their clothing, housing, and nurturing them when they were sick, like family members. It is important to note that the collection also contains receipts for their purchase and loan. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe issue of enslavement is discussed in local meetings that Watts attended. There are also letters from former enslaved persons such as [Malinda] Langhorne and William Langhorne to Watts family members and photographs of enslaved persons, Aunt Sally and Aunt Phoebe standing together, and a photograph of Uncle Lou with the Watts children. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is also correspondence about financial and legal matters as Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his father, General Edward Watts (1779-1859), were attorneys. Much of their correspondence relates to collecting debts, indentures, land surveys, receipts, and politics (Whig party, Commonwealth Attorney, Constitutional Convention, Virginia Delegates, and candidacy for Governor), and religion. The papers contain discussions about the popular faith of Presbyterians and Episcopalians). The University of Virginia, Washington \u0026amp; Lee, and William \u0026amp; Mary College are also mentioned.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection spans six generations of the Watts family including General Edward Watts and his wife Elizabeth Breckinridge (1794-1862), their son Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his wife Mary Jane Allen (1825-1855). Also included is their son, John Allen Watts and his wife Gertrude Lee. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther related families include Madison, Breckenridge, Allen, Jackson, Watson, Morris, Gamble, Payne, Washington, Meigs, and Saunders. (MSS 653) Other related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples..(see related materials note)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Mary Scott Watts Gamble have been combined into this collection. These letters contain her accounts of attacks by Osceola and Seminole people in Florida. She mentions that Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 1 contains a folder of transcriptions for some of the collection letters and a folder of biographical information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter dated 1819 mentions \"Joshua\" who rode Edward Watts' horse for him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are newspaper clippings about the Watts family. Included is a newspaper article, \"Number of Colored Residents Have Been Here for 50 Years,\" 28 January, 1934 about families in Roanoke that were enslaved 50 years earlier. Nettie Simms Calloway claims that her father, L. M. Simm, was owned by Colonel William Watts and that her great-grandmother was enslaved by General Edward Watts at Oaklands. Other family names of enslaved persons are named in the article. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAn obituary for Colonel William Watts mentions that a large group enslaved people were around him at his death including Henry Langhorne who had attended him during the war and throughout his life. Colonel Watts left him $1,000 in his will and a permanent home. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere is an address by John Allen Watts and  newspaper clippings about the Watts family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA. Indentures, deeds, plats, receipts, tax statements,petitions, and wills. B. Letters about debt collection. C.Stocks D. Receipt for goods and services for Watts family\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Leather Bound] Reverend Washington Erben and Reverend Clement Butler, Reverend Alfred Nevin, Gustave Dore\nErben, Washington; Butler, Clement, Nevin, Alfred; Dore, Gustave [Illustrator]\nPublished by John E. Potter and Company, 1880\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAutographed Elizabeth Watts, with date January 1817. Written note \"December 29, [1846] I commenced.\" Paste down on inside front cover, obituary of General Edward Watts, August 9, 1859.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of the correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families, ca.1794-1850, but chiefly that of Mary Scott Watts Gamble (1814-1840)daughter of General Edward Watts. The name has been changed to Watts family papers as of March 2023. There are many related collections of the Watts family papers. MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; and MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMary Gamble wrote to her aunt, Emma W. Breckinridge, Grove Hill, Fincastle, Botetourt County, Virginia; her mother, Elizabeth Breckinridge Watts and her father, General Edward Watts, Oakland, near Big Lick, Botetourt County, Virginia; her brothers, William and James B. Watts; and her sisters, Ann S. Watts and Letitia G. Watts. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMost of the letters to her immediate family were written after her marriage and move to Welaunee, Florida, located near Tallahassee, except for several to her brother William Watts while he was away at the New London Academy, Campbell County, Virginia. Many of Mary Watts Gamble's letters are to her aunt, Mrs. Cary Breckinridge (Emma W. Gilmer), 1831-1838, and most of them were written prior to her marriage in 1834. All of her undated letters to her aunt appear to have been written before her marriage and are filed at the beginning of the year 1834 as [ante 1834]. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMary Watts Gamble at Flat Creek writes about the purchase of 34 enslaved persons by Uncle Gamble to prepare the ground for cotton. Her letters also describe her experiences of the conflicts with the Osceola and Seminole warriors in Florida (causing her to learn how to load and shoot a gun). She mentions the Second Seminole War in Florida. Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are details of her accounts of the interactions of the Seminoles  on women, children, and enslaved persons including one on the property of Judge Randall, including the burning of buildings in Magnolia and Hickstown and upon the home, family, and enslaved persons of Mrs. Purifoy, wife of a Methodist minister and daughter of Captain Byrd, just four miles away from Welaunee (April 13, 1838). She mentions the removal of the Apalachicola tribe to the West; the actions of Territorial Governor Richard Keith Call (1792-1862), and the Gambles forced evacuation from Welaunee to Tallahassee for safety. (May 9, 1836) They planned to sail on the Brig Orion from St. Marks to New Orleans, taking a steamboat to Louisville, and then proceeding by mail [coach?] to White Sulphur Springs, [West] Virginia (May 21, 1836). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eShe also mentions her disapproval of the plans of General [Winfield?] Scott for delaying the pursuit of the Seminole War to a later time. She writes about the recent Texas disasters at [the Alamo?] and the loss of [James Walker] Fannin's detachment at the Massacre at La Bahia (Goliad), including concern about the fate of her acquaintances Burr and John Duval. A website on the history of Texas records that Burr and Duval were captured and executed (April 24, 1836). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHer letters also include the health and news of famly members; her marriage to her cousin James Gamble; her attendance at three days of preaching at the Academy (May 19, 1832); the unpopularity of the Reverend [Gyng?] in Tallahasseethe family's concern for William and Robert over an outbreak of scarlet fever near New London Academy(January 12, 1833); and the illness and death of her grandfather, General James Breckinridge.   (May 15, 1833).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAdditional subjects include  attempts to persuade her her attempts to convince her brother James to begin his law practice in Tallahassee and comments about the presidential election.She describes the romantic affairs of her brother James; her illness and plans to recover in Virginia (May 15, 1837); her stay in St. Joseph [Bay?] for the summer because of her health, reading the works of Hannah More (1745-1833) while staying in St. Joseph, especially The History of Hester Wilmot and description of the area (July 30, 1838); her return to Tallahassee, and her husband's new store (October 22, 1838); and her stay in a boarding house near the store (December 15, 1838). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents in the folder of general correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families include: Robert Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters (March 20 and July 23, 1794; n.d.); John Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters, his lawsuit with Isaac Robinson, and a reference to the Whisky Rebellion at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania (August 19, 1794); William Breckinridge to James Breckinridge (September 1794); James Breckinridge to Ann Breckinridge discussing the sickness of Lewis and news about others of their acquaintance (January 24, 1819); James Breckinridge to Edward Watts mentions the James River bill and the death of Judge Fleming which left a vacancy on the court (February 22, 1824). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMary Page Randolph discusses her unexpected trip to Montpelier, Orange County, and Edgehill, Albemarle County, Virginia, with Thomas Jefferson Randolph, and sympathy for Mary S. Watts' \"late bereavement\" (July 22, 1833); Robert Gamble to Colonel Edward Watts discusses the visit of Mary Scott Watts and the death of his niece Laura (January 13, 1834); Edward Watts to his daughter, Elizabeth B. Watts, announcing the death of Mary Watts Gamble on May 22, 1840 (1840); Emma W. Breckinridge to her niece Letty [Letitia G. Watts?] (December 21, 1850); and John Wickham to James Breckinridge, notifying them of a death which has greatly distressed Betsy (August 14, n.y.). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are several letters from Nannie Gamble to her cousin, Letitia G. Watts, in which she describes her return visit from New York to Savannah, Georgia by ship (November 13, 1843) furnishes news of the family while in the mountains, near Abingdon, Virginia (January 20, 1845); expresses her sorrow at the news of the death of their friend, Lizzie Peyton, and describes the difficult journey home from Abingdon to Tallahassee which took five weeks (March 4, 1845); mentions the death of Lucy Gilmer (May 31, 1845); and a final letter from Nannie Gamble with a note written by Letitia on the bottom, \"The last letter ever received from my darling cousin N.S.G. who is now numbered with the dead\" (September 9, 1845). \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Watts family papers of Roanoke County, Virginia at \"Oaklands\" in Flat Creek, Campbell County) consist of correspondence and documents related to the American Revolution, the War of 1812, the United States Civil War, war with Osceola and Seminole tribes in Florida, Virginia politics, economic and social history (including enslavement),land ownership, farming, court cases and debt from 1786 to 1950 in southwest Virginia. The Watts are related to many other Virginia families including James and Dolley Madison. This collection represents a great view into historical and social events of the eighteenth and nineteenth century in Virginia.","The papers of this family of landowners, farmers, politicians, and attorneys portray the rich southern antebellum life on the Oaklands plantation. Despite the told and true characteristics of the kindness of the Watts family, they were nineteenth century southern plantation owners who owned hundreds of enslaved persons. The letters and receipts in the collection include many first names and some last names. One enslaved person, Henry Langhorne, a lifetime attendant of Colonel William Watts was bequeathed $1,000 and a home for life. ","Some letters mention the Watt's efforts to keep enslaved families from being separated by intervening in the sales of enslaved persons. There are many references to enslaved people among their households and farm, including descriptions of providing their clothing, housing, and nurturing them when they were sick, like family members. It is important to note that the collection also contains receipts for their purchase and loan. ","The issue of enslavement is discussed in local meetings that Watts attended. There are also letters from former enslaved persons such as [Malinda] Langhorne and William Langhorne to Watts family members and photographs of enslaved persons, Aunt Sally and Aunt Phoebe standing together, and a photograph of Uncle Lou with the Watts children. ","There is also correspondence about financial and legal matters as Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his father, General Edward Watts (1779-1859), were attorneys. Much of their correspondence relates to collecting debts, indentures, land surveys, receipts, and politics (Whig party, Commonwealth Attorney, Constitutional Convention, Virginia Delegates, and candidacy for Governor), and religion. The papers contain discussions about the popular faith of Presbyterians and Episcopalians). The University of Virginia, Washington \u0026 Lee, and William \u0026 Mary College are also mentioned.","The collection spans six generations of the Watts family including General Edward Watts and his wife Elizabeth Breckinridge (1794-1862), their son Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his wife Mary Jane Allen (1825-1855). Also included is their son, John Allen Watts and his wife Gertrude Lee. ","Other related families include Madison, Breckenridge, Allen, Jackson, Watson, Morris, Gamble, Payne, Washington, Meigs, and Saunders. (MSS 653) Other related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples..(see related materials note)","The papers of Mary Scott Watts Gamble have been combined into this collection. These letters contain her accounts of attacks by Osceola and Seminole people in Florida. She mentions that Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) ","Box 1 contains a folder of transcriptions for some of the collection letters and a folder of biographical information.","Letter dated 1819 mentions \"Joshua\" who rode Edward Watts' horse for him.","There are newspaper clippings about the Watts family. Included is a newspaper article, \"Number of Colored Residents Have Been Here for 50 Years,\" 28 January, 1934 about families in Roanoke that were enslaved 50 years earlier. Nettie Simms Calloway claims that her father, L. M. Simm, was owned by Colonel William Watts and that her great-grandmother was enslaved by General Edward Watts at Oaklands. Other family names of enslaved persons are named in the article. ","An obituary for Colonel William Watts mentions that a large group enslaved people were around him at his death including Henry Langhorne who had attended him during the war and throughout his life. Colonel Watts left him $1,000 in his will and a permanent home. ","There is an address by John Allen Watts and  newspaper clippings about the Watts family.","A. Indentures, deeds, plats, receipts, tax statements,petitions, and wills. B. Letters about debt collection. C.Stocks D. Receipt for goods and services for Watts family","[Leather Bound] Reverend Washington Erben and Reverend Clement Butler, Reverend Alfred Nevin, Gustave Dore\nErben, Washington; Butler, Clement, Nevin, Alfred; Dore, Gustave [Illustrator]\nPublished by John E. Potter and Company, 1880","Autographed Elizabeth Watts, with date January 1817. Written note \"December 29, [1846] I commenced.\" Paste down on inside front cover, obituary of General Edward Watts, August 9, 1859.","This series consists of the correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families, ca.1794-1850, but chiefly that of Mary Scott Watts Gamble (1814-1840)daughter of General Edward Watts. The name has been changed to Watts family papers as of March 2023. There are many related collections of the Watts family papers. MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; and MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.","Mary Gamble wrote to her aunt, Emma W. Breckinridge, Grove Hill, Fincastle, Botetourt County, Virginia; her mother, Elizabeth Breckinridge Watts and her father, General Edward Watts, Oakland, near Big Lick, Botetourt County, Virginia; her brothers, William and James B. Watts; and her sisters, Ann S. Watts and Letitia G. Watts. ","Most of the letters to her immediate family were written after her marriage and move to Welaunee, Florida, located near Tallahassee, except for several to her brother William Watts while he was away at the New London Academy, Campbell County, Virginia. Many of Mary Watts Gamble's letters are to her aunt, Mrs. Cary Breckinridge (Emma W. Gilmer), 1831-1838, and most of them were written prior to her marriage in 1834. All of her undated letters to her aunt appear to have been written before her marriage and are filed at the beginning of the year 1834 as [ante 1834]. ","Mary Watts Gamble at Flat Creek writes about the purchase of 34 enslaved persons by Uncle Gamble to prepare the ground for cotton. Her letters also describe her experiences of the conflicts with the Osceola and Seminole warriors in Florida (causing her to learn how to load and shoot a gun). She mentions the Second Seminole War in Florida. Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) ","There are details of her accounts of the interactions of the Seminoles  on women, children, and enslaved persons including one on the property of Judge Randall, including the burning of buildings in Magnolia and Hickstown and upon the home, family, and enslaved persons of Mrs. Purifoy, wife of a Methodist minister and daughter of Captain Byrd, just four miles away from Welaunee (April 13, 1838). She mentions the removal of the Apalachicola tribe to the West; the actions of Territorial Governor Richard Keith Call (1792-1862), and the Gambles forced evacuation from Welaunee to Tallahassee for safety. (May 9, 1836) They planned to sail on the Brig Orion from St. Marks to New Orleans, taking a steamboat to Louisville, and then proceeding by mail [coach?] to White Sulphur Springs, [West] Virginia (May 21, 1836). ","She also mentions her disapproval of the plans of General [Winfield?] Scott for delaying the pursuit of the Seminole War to a later time. She writes about the recent Texas disasters at [the Alamo?] and the loss of [James Walker] Fannin's detachment at the Massacre at La Bahia (Goliad), including concern about the fate of her acquaintances Burr and John Duval. A website on the history of Texas records that Burr and Duval were captured and executed (April 24, 1836). ","Her letters also include the health and news of famly members; her marriage to her cousin James Gamble; her attendance at three days of preaching at the Academy (May 19, 1832); the unpopularity of the Reverend [Gyng?] in Tallahasseethe family's concern for William and Robert over an outbreak of scarlet fever near New London Academy(January 12, 1833); and the illness and death of her grandfather, General James Breckinridge.   (May 15, 1833).","\nAdditional subjects include  attempts to persuade her her attempts to convince her brother James to begin his law practice in Tallahassee and comments about the presidential election.She describes the romantic affairs of her brother James; her illness and plans to recover in Virginia (May 15, 1837); her stay in St. Joseph [Bay?] for the summer because of her health, reading the works of Hannah More (1745-1833) while staying in St. Joseph, especially The History of Hester Wilmot and description of the area (July 30, 1838); her return to Tallahassee, and her husband's new store (October 22, 1838); and her stay in a boarding house near the store (December 15, 1838). ","Correspondents in the folder of general correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families include: Robert Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters (March 20 and July 23, 1794; n.d.); John Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters, his lawsuit with Isaac Robinson, and a reference to the Whisky Rebellion at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania (August 19, 1794); William Breckinridge to James Breckinridge (September 1794); James Breckinridge to Ann Breckinridge discussing the sickness of Lewis and news about others of their acquaintance (January 24, 1819); James Breckinridge to Edward Watts mentions the James River bill and the death of Judge Fleming which left a vacancy on the court (February 22, 1824). ","Mary Page Randolph discusses her unexpected trip to Montpelier, Orange County, and Edgehill, Albemarle County, Virginia, with Thomas Jefferson Randolph, and sympathy for Mary S. Watts' \"late bereavement\" (July 22, 1833); Robert Gamble to Colonel Edward Watts discusses the visit of Mary Scott Watts and the death of his niece Laura (January 13, 1834); Edward Watts to his daughter, Elizabeth B. Watts, announcing the death of Mary Watts Gamble on May 22, 1840 (1840); Emma W. Breckinridge to her niece Letty [Letitia G. Watts?] (December 21, 1850); and John Wickham to James Breckinridge, notifying them of a death which has greatly distressed Betsy (August 14, n.y.). ","There are several letters from Nannie Gamble to her cousin, Letitia G. Watts, in which she describes her return visit from New York to Savannah, Georgia by ship (November 13, 1843) furnishes news of the family while in the mountains, near Abingdon, Virginia (January 20, 1845); expresses her sorrow at the news of the death of their friend, Lizzie Peyton, and describes the difficult journey home from Abingdon to Tallahassee which took five weeks (March 4, 1845); mentions the death of Lucy Gilmer (May 31, 1845); and a final letter from Nannie Gamble with a note written by Letitia on the bottom, \"The last letter ever received from my darling cousin N.S.G. who is now numbered with the dead\" (September 9, 1845). "],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":281,"online_item_count_is":1,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-09T07:08:45.006Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c01_c22"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c05_c07","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Watts receipts for goods and services","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c05_c07#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c05_c07","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c05_c07"],"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c05_c07","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c05","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c05","parent_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04","viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c05"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04","viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c05"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Watts family papers-addition","Series 4. 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Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1396","Watts family papers-addition","United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Slavery--United States -- Virginia","lawyers -- Virginia","The collection is open for research use.","The Watts family papers are arranged into 9 series. Series 1. Family Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, History and letters of James and Dolley Madison, Series 3. Documents related to enslavement, Series 4. Legal and Financial papers, Subseries A. Indentures, Subseries B. Marriage agreements, petitions, statements, and wills, Subseries C. Letters about collecting debts, Subseries D. Receipts for goods and services of the Watts family, Series 5. Newspaper clippings and miscellaneous family papers and oversize photographs, Series 6. Family Bibles, Series 7. Roanoke Gun Club Inc. land, Series 8. Showalter transcriptions on digital materials and a flash drive. Box 1 contains folders with some transcription of the letters in the collection and a folder with biographical information. Box 12 contains folders with an index and a folder of miscellaneous information about the collection. ","Added existing collection MSS 12170 (3 folders) of Breckinridge, Gamble and Watts families into this addition of Watts family papers MSS 12170. ","The Watts family has been part of the Roanoke Valley (also called \"Big Lick\") in Virginia for six generations. General Edward Watts was born on 7 April 1779, in Prince Edward, Virginia. He was the son of William Watts (1742-1797), and Mary Scott (1758-1836). He married Elizabeth Breckinridge, the daughter of James Breckinridge on 6 May 1811 and they had 10 children, including William Watts (1817-1877), Mary Scott Gamble (1814-1840), Ann Selden Watts Holcombe (1820-1888), Alice Watts Robertson (1832-1914), Emma Gilmer Watts Carr (1834-1872) and Letitia Watts Sorrell (1829-1900). Edward Watts purchased 400 acres of land from his father-in-law, James Breckinridge (called The Barrens) where he built his home \"Oaklands\" in 1817. General Edward Watts died in 1859 at age 59. The Watts and Breckinridge families were well-known families in southwest Virginia who enslaved people during the American Revolution and the American Civil War. They were admired by their peers as influential attorneys, politicians, and land owners who often opened their house to the community.","General Edward Watts was educated at Liberty Hall Academy (Washington \u0026 Lee), and Princeton. He was an officer in the War of 1812 and was the Commonwealth attorney for Roanoke County from 1839 to 1845. His son, William Watts (1817-1877) was a Colonel in the 28th Infantry of the Confederate Army (Roanoke Greys). He was educated in medicine and law at the University of Virginia. ","After the war, he followed in his father's path as the Commonwealth attorney from 1845 to 1854. He was in the State Constitutional Convention (1850-1851), and was president of the Exchange Bank of Virginia. He also ran for governor in 1834 and 1842. He served in the legislature for one term in 1875. He married Mary Allen in 1850 and they had one living son, John Allen Watts (1855-1904). Mary Allen died following his birth in 1855. Colonel William Watts was also a farmer who enslaved over 100 people. He was said to have one enslaved person as his \"body servant\" through the war and gave him a home for life. Research of the collection has not yet provided his name.","John Allen Watts (1855-1904) nicknamed \"Squat\" was also a student at the University of Virginia and became an attorney. He married Gertrude Lee and they had a son named William. John Allen Watts sold Oaklands to a develpment company and it burned down in 1897. Descendants Jean Staples Showalter, English Showalter, and Katherine Watts donated this collection of their family's papers. ","Sources:\n\"Roanoke and Western Virginia: Glimpses of the Pst: Oaklands\" http://showalter.blogspot.com/2010/12/oaklands.html","Barnes, Raymond. \"Confederates of Roanoke-V: General Edward Watts and Colonel William Watts Founded Clan\" Roanoke World News. 5 April 1961. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/94647C8F-8806-4D18-8A04-445143233613#gallery","\nBarnes, Raymond. 'Oaklands' Was Hospitable Seat of Watts Family for Generations: Needed Big Staff\" Roanoke World News. 21 May 1958. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/53DC8EB0-DBE3-4B95-B4AF-027946626463#gallery","\nWatts, Katherine. \"The Roanoke Valley and the Watts Family\" June 1984.","There is a website at the O. Winston Link Museum (History Museum of West Virginia) that has many of the Watts family letters online ","https://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/byperson?page=3\u0026keyword=Watts%2C%20William\u0026searchType=person\u0026showsearch=True","Related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 8914, and MSS 653.","MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.","The Watts family papers of Roanoke County, Virginia at \"Oaklands\" in Flat Creek, Campbell County) consist of correspondence and documents related to the American Revolution, the War of 1812, the United States Civil War, war with Osceola and Seminole tribes in Florida, Virginia politics, economic and social history (including enslavement),land ownership, farming, court cases and debt from 1786 to 1950 in southwest Virginia. The Watts are related to many other Virginia families including James and Dolley Madison. This collection represents a great view into historical and social events of the eighteenth and nineteenth century in Virginia.","The papers of this family of landowners, farmers, politicians, and attorneys portray the rich southern antebellum life on the Oaklands plantation. Despite the told and true characteristics of the kindness of the Watts family, they were nineteenth century southern plantation owners who owned hundreds of enslaved persons. The letters and receipts in the collection include many first names and some last names. One enslaved person, Henry Langhorne, a lifetime attendant of Colonel William Watts was bequeathed $1,000 and a home for life. ","Some letters mention the Watt's efforts to keep enslaved families from being separated by intervening in the sales of enslaved persons. There are many references to enslaved people among their households and farm, including descriptions of providing their clothing, housing, and nurturing them when they were sick, like family members. It is important to note that the collection also contains receipts for their purchase and loan. ","The issue of enslavement is discussed in local meetings that Watts attended. There are also letters from former enslaved persons such as [Malinda] Langhorne and William Langhorne to Watts family members and photographs of enslaved persons, Aunt Sally and Aunt Phoebe standing together, and a photograph of Uncle Lou with the Watts children. ","There is also correspondence about financial and legal matters as Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his father, General Edward Watts (1779-1859), were attorneys. Much of their correspondence relates to collecting debts, indentures, land surveys, receipts, and politics (Whig party, Commonwealth Attorney, Constitutional Convention, Virginia Delegates, and candidacy for Governor), and religion. The papers contain discussions about the popular faith of Presbyterians and Episcopalians). The University of Virginia, Washington \u0026 Lee, and William \u0026 Mary College are also mentioned.","The collection spans six generations of the Watts family including General Edward Watts and his wife Elizabeth Breckinridge (1794-1862), their son Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his wife Mary Jane Allen (1825-1855). Also included is their son, John Allen Watts and his wife Gertrude Lee. ","Other related families include Madison, Breckenridge, Allen, Jackson, Watson, Morris, Gamble, Payne, Washington, Meigs, and Saunders. (MSS 653) Other related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples..(see related materials note)","The papers of Mary Scott Watts Gamble have been combined into this collection. These letters contain her accounts of attacks by Osceola and Seminole people in Florida. She mentions that Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) ","Box 1 contains a folder of transcriptions for some of the collection letters and a folder of biographical information.","Letter dated 1819 mentions \"Joshua\" who rode Edward Watts' horse for him.","There are newspaper clippings about the Watts family. Included is a newspaper article, \"Number of Colored Residents Have Been Here for 50 Years,\" 28 January, 1934 about families in Roanoke that were enslaved 50 years earlier. Nettie Simms Calloway claims that her father, L. M. Simm, was owned by Colonel William Watts and that her great-grandmother was enslaved by General Edward Watts at Oaklands. Other family names of enslaved persons are named in the article. ","An obituary for Colonel William Watts mentions that a large group enslaved people were around him at his death including Henry Langhorne who had attended him during the war and throughout his life. Colonel Watts left him $1,000 in his will and a permanent home. ","There is an address by John Allen Watts and  newspaper clippings about the Watts family.","A. Indentures, deeds, plats, receipts, tax statements,petitions, and wills. B. Letters about debt collection. C.Stocks D. Receipt for goods and services for Watts family","[Leather Bound] Reverend Washington Erben and Reverend Clement Butler, Reverend Alfred Nevin, Gustave Dore\nErben, Washington; Butler, Clement, Nevin, Alfred; Dore, Gustave [Illustrator]\nPublished by John E. Potter and Company, 1880","Autographed Elizabeth Watts, with date January 1817. Written note \"December 29, [1846] I commenced.\" Paste down on inside front cover, obituary of General Edward Watts, August 9, 1859.","This series consists of the correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families, ca.1794-1850, but chiefly that of Mary Scott Watts Gamble (1814-1840)daughter of General Edward Watts. The name has been changed to Watts family papers as of March 2023. There are many related collections of the Watts family papers. MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; and MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.","Mary Gamble wrote to her aunt, Emma W. Breckinridge, Grove Hill, Fincastle, Botetourt County, Virginia; her mother, Elizabeth Breckinridge Watts and her father, General Edward Watts, Oakland, near Big Lick, Botetourt County, Virginia; her brothers, William and James B. Watts; and her sisters, Ann S. Watts and Letitia G. Watts. ","Most of the letters to her immediate family were written after her marriage and move to Welaunee, Florida, located near Tallahassee, except for several to her brother William Watts while he was away at the New London Academy, Campbell County, Virginia. Many of Mary Watts Gamble's letters are to her aunt, Mrs. Cary Breckinridge (Emma W. Gilmer), 1831-1838, and most of them were written prior to her marriage in 1834. All of her undated letters to her aunt appear to have been written before her marriage and are filed at the beginning of the year 1834 as [ante 1834]. ","Mary Watts Gamble at Flat Creek writes about the purchase of 34 enslaved persons by Uncle Gamble to prepare the ground for cotton. Her letters also describe her experiences of the conflicts with the Osceola and Seminole warriors in Florida (causing her to learn how to load and shoot a gun). She mentions the Second Seminole War in Florida. Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) ","There are details of her accounts of the interactions of the Seminoles  on women, children, and enslaved persons including one on the property of Judge Randall, including the burning of buildings in Magnolia and Hickstown and upon the home, family, and enslaved persons of Mrs. Purifoy, wife of a Methodist minister and daughter of Captain Byrd, just four miles away from Welaunee (April 13, 1838). She mentions the removal of the Apalachicola tribe to the West; the actions of Territorial Governor Richard Keith Call (1792-1862), and the Gambles forced evacuation from Welaunee to Tallahassee for safety. (May 9, 1836) They planned to sail on the Brig Orion from St. Marks to New Orleans, taking a steamboat to Louisville, and then proceeding by mail [coach?] to White Sulphur Springs, [West] Virginia (May 21, 1836). ","She also mentions her disapproval of the plans of General [Winfield?] Scott for delaying the pursuit of the Seminole War to a later time. She writes about the recent Texas disasters at [the Alamo?] and the loss of [James Walker] Fannin's detachment at the Massacre at La Bahia (Goliad), including concern about the fate of her acquaintances Burr and John Duval. A website on the history of Texas records that Burr and Duval were captured and executed (April 24, 1836). ","Her letters also include the health and news of famly members; her marriage to her cousin James Gamble; her attendance at three days of preaching at the Academy (May 19, 1832); the unpopularity of the Reverend [Gyng?] in Tallahasseethe family's concern for William and Robert over an outbreak of scarlet fever near New London Academy(January 12, 1833); and the illness and death of her grandfather, General James Breckinridge.   (May 15, 1833).","\nAdditional subjects include  attempts to persuade her her attempts to convince her brother James to begin his law practice in Tallahassee and comments about the presidential election.She describes the romantic affairs of her brother James; her illness and plans to recover in Virginia (May 15, 1837); her stay in St. Joseph [Bay?] for the summer because of her health, reading the works of Hannah More (1745-1833) while staying in St. Joseph, especially The History of Hester Wilmot and description of the area (July 30, 1838); her return to Tallahassee, and her husband's new store (October 22, 1838); and her stay in a boarding house near the store (December 15, 1838). ","Correspondents in the folder of general correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families include: Robert Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters (March 20 and July 23, 1794; n.d.); John Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters, his lawsuit with Isaac Robinson, and a reference to the Whisky Rebellion at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania (August 19, 1794); William Breckinridge to James Breckinridge (September 1794); James Breckinridge to Ann Breckinridge discussing the sickness of Lewis and news about others of their acquaintance (January 24, 1819); James Breckinridge to Edward Watts mentions the James River bill and the death of Judge Fleming which left a vacancy on the court (February 22, 1824). ","Mary Page Randolph discusses her unexpected trip to Montpelier, Orange County, and Edgehill, Albemarle County, Virginia, with Thomas Jefferson Randolph, and sympathy for Mary S. Watts' \"late bereavement\" (July 22, 1833); Robert Gamble to Colonel Edward Watts discusses the visit of Mary Scott Watts and the death of his niece Laura (January 13, 1834); Edward Watts to his daughter, Elizabeth B. Watts, announcing the death of Mary Watts Gamble on May 22, 1840 (1840); Emma W. Breckinridge to her niece Letty [Letitia G. Watts?] (December 21, 1850); and John Wickham to James Breckinridge, notifying them of a death which has greatly distressed Betsy (August 14, n.y.). ","There are several letters from Nannie Gamble to her cousin, Letitia G. Watts, in which she describes her return visit from New York to Savannah, Georgia by ship (November 13, 1843) furnishes news of the family while in the mountains, near Abingdon, Virginia (January 20, 1845); expresses her sorrow at the news of the death of their friend, Lizzie Peyton, and describes the difficult journey home from Abingdon to Tallahassee which took five weeks (March 4, 1845); mentions the death of Lucy Gilmer (May 31, 1845); and a final letter from Nannie Gamble with a note written by Letitia on the bottom, \"The last letter ever received from my darling cousin N.S.G. who is now numbered with the dead\" (September 9, 1845). ","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 12170","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1396"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Watts family papers-addition"],"collection_title_tesim":["Watts family papers-addition"],"collection_ssim":["Watts family papers-addition"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"geogname_ssim":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"places_ssim":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was a gift from Katherine Watts to the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia Library on 9 April 2022."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Slavery--United States -- Virginia","lawyers -- Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Slavery--United States -- Virginia","lawyers -- Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["9 Cubic Feet 12 legal size document boxes, 1 half-size legal document box, 2 cubics of bibles, and 2 oversize boxes",".107 Gigabytes","0.25 Cubic Feet"],"extent_tesim":["9 Cubic Feet 12 legal size document boxes, 1 half-size legal document box, 2 cubics of bibles, and 2 oversize boxes",".107 Gigabytes","0.25 Cubic Feet"],"physfacet_tesim":["2,588 files, 2, 371 MS Word files, 176 Open office documents, 23 jpegs, 13 Apple/Double files, 3 tiffs, 1 pdf.","Oversize box: Photographs and certificates of Watts family members (deframed)"],"date_range_isim":[1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Watts family papers are arranged into 9 series. Series 1. Family Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, History and letters of James and Dolley Madison, Series 3. Documents related to enslavement, Series 4. Legal and Financial papers, Subseries A. Indentures, Subseries B. Marriage agreements, petitions, statements, and wills, Subseries C. Letters about collecting debts, Subseries D. Receipts for goods and services of the Watts family, Series 5. Newspaper clippings and miscellaneous family papers and oversize photographs, Series 6. Family Bibles, Series 7. Roanoke Gun Club Inc. land, Series 8. Showalter transcriptions on digital materials and a flash drive. Box 1 contains folders with some transcription of the letters in the collection and a folder with biographical information. Box 12 contains folders with an index and a folder of miscellaneous information about the collection. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdded existing collection MSS 12170 (3 folders) of Breckinridge, Gamble and Watts families into this addition of Watts family papers MSS 12170. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Watts family papers are arranged into 9 series. Series 1. Family Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, History and letters of James and Dolley Madison, Series 3. Documents related to enslavement, Series 4. Legal and Financial papers, Subseries A. Indentures, Subseries B. Marriage agreements, petitions, statements, and wills, Subseries C. Letters about collecting debts, Subseries D. Receipts for goods and services of the Watts family, Series 5. Newspaper clippings and miscellaneous family papers and oversize photographs, Series 6. Family Bibles, Series 7. Roanoke Gun Club Inc. land, Series 8. Showalter transcriptions on digital materials and a flash drive. Box 1 contains folders with some transcription of the letters in the collection and a folder with biographical information. Box 12 contains folders with an index and a folder of miscellaneous information about the collection. ","Added existing collection MSS 12170 (3 folders) of Breckinridge, Gamble and Watts families into this addition of Watts family papers MSS 12170. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Watts family has been part of the Roanoke Valley (also called \"Big Lick\") in Virginia for six generations. General Edward Watts was born on 7 April 1779, in Prince Edward, Virginia. He was the son of William Watts (1742-1797), and Mary Scott (1758-1836). He married Elizabeth Breckinridge, the daughter of James Breckinridge on 6 May 1811 and they had 10 children, including William Watts (1817-1877), Mary Scott Gamble (1814-1840), Ann Selden Watts Holcombe (1820-1888), Alice Watts Robertson (1832-1914), Emma Gilmer Watts Carr (1834-1872) and Letitia Watts Sorrell (1829-1900). Edward Watts purchased 400 acres of land from his father-in-law, James Breckinridge (called The Barrens) where he built his home \"Oaklands\" in 1817. General Edward Watts died in 1859 at age 59. The Watts and Breckinridge families were well-known families in southwest Virginia who enslaved people during the American Revolution and the American Civil War. They were admired by their peers as influential attorneys, politicians, and land owners who often opened their house to the community.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeneral Edward Watts was educated at Liberty Hall Academy (Washington \u0026amp; Lee), and Princeton. He was an officer in the War of 1812 and was the Commonwealth attorney for Roanoke County from 1839 to 1845. His son, William Watts (1817-1877) was a Colonel in the 28th Infantry of the Confederate Army (Roanoke Greys). He was educated in medicine and law at the University of Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter the war, he followed in his father's path as the Commonwealth attorney from 1845 to 1854. He was in the State Constitutional Convention (1850-1851), and was president of the Exchange Bank of Virginia. He also ran for governor in 1834 and 1842. He served in the legislature for one term in 1875. He married Mary Allen in 1850 and they had one living son, John Allen Watts (1855-1904). Mary Allen died following his birth in 1855. Colonel William Watts was also a farmer who enslaved over 100 people. He was said to have one enslaved person as his \"body servant\" through the war and gave him a home for life. Research of the collection has not yet provided his name.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohn Allen Watts (1855-1904) nicknamed \"Squat\" was also a student at the University of Virginia and became an attorney. He married Gertrude Lee and they had a son named William. John Allen Watts sold Oaklands to a develpment company and it burned down in 1897. Descendants Jean Staples Showalter, English Showalter, and Katherine Watts donated this collection of their family's papers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources:\n\"Roanoke and Western Virginia: Glimpses of the Pst: Oaklands\" http://showalter.blogspot.com/2010/12/oaklands.html\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBarnes, Raymond. \"Confederates of Roanoke-V: General Edward Watts and Colonel William Watts Founded Clan\" Roanoke World News. 5 April 1961. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/94647C8F-8806-4D18-8A04-445143233613#gallery\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nBarnes, Raymond. 'Oaklands' Was Hospitable Seat of Watts Family for Generations: Needed Big Staff\" Roanoke World News. 21 May 1958. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/53DC8EB0-DBE3-4B95-B4AF-027946626463#gallery\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nWatts, Katherine. \"The Roanoke Valley and the Watts Family\" June 1984.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Watts family has been part of the Roanoke Valley (also called \"Big Lick\") in Virginia for six generations. General Edward Watts was born on 7 April 1779, in Prince Edward, Virginia. He was the son of William Watts (1742-1797), and Mary Scott (1758-1836). He married Elizabeth Breckinridge, the daughter of James Breckinridge on 6 May 1811 and they had 10 children, including William Watts (1817-1877), Mary Scott Gamble (1814-1840), Ann Selden Watts Holcombe (1820-1888), Alice Watts Robertson (1832-1914), Emma Gilmer Watts Carr (1834-1872) and Letitia Watts Sorrell (1829-1900). Edward Watts purchased 400 acres of land from his father-in-law, James Breckinridge (called The Barrens) where he built his home \"Oaklands\" in 1817. General Edward Watts died in 1859 at age 59. The Watts and Breckinridge families were well-known families in southwest Virginia who enslaved people during the American Revolution and the American Civil War. They were admired by their peers as influential attorneys, politicians, and land owners who often opened their house to the community.","General Edward Watts was educated at Liberty Hall Academy (Washington \u0026 Lee), and Princeton. He was an officer in the War of 1812 and was the Commonwealth attorney for Roanoke County from 1839 to 1845. His son, William Watts (1817-1877) was a Colonel in the 28th Infantry of the Confederate Army (Roanoke Greys). He was educated in medicine and law at the University of Virginia. ","After the war, he followed in his father's path as the Commonwealth attorney from 1845 to 1854. He was in the State Constitutional Convention (1850-1851), and was president of the Exchange Bank of Virginia. He also ran for governor in 1834 and 1842. He served in the legislature for one term in 1875. He married Mary Allen in 1850 and they had one living son, John Allen Watts (1855-1904). Mary Allen died following his birth in 1855. Colonel William Watts was also a farmer who enslaved over 100 people. He was said to have one enslaved person as his \"body servant\" through the war and gave him a home for life. Research of the collection has not yet provided his name.","John Allen Watts (1855-1904) nicknamed \"Squat\" was also a student at the University of Virginia and became an attorney. He married Gertrude Lee and they had a son named William. John Allen Watts sold Oaklands to a develpment company and it burned down in 1897. Descendants Jean Staples Showalter, English Showalter, and Katherine Watts donated this collection of their family's papers. ","Sources:\n\"Roanoke and Western Virginia: Glimpses of the Pst: Oaklands\" http://showalter.blogspot.com/2010/12/oaklands.html","Barnes, Raymond. \"Confederates of Roanoke-V: General Edward Watts and Colonel William Watts Founded Clan\" Roanoke World News. 5 April 1961. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/94647C8F-8806-4D18-8A04-445143233613#gallery","\nBarnes, Raymond. 'Oaklands' Was Hospitable Seat of Watts Family for Generations: Needed Big Staff\" Roanoke World News. 21 May 1958. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/53DC8EB0-DBE3-4B95-B4AF-027946626463#gallery","\nWatts, Katherine. \"The Roanoke Valley and the Watts Family\" June 1984."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 12170, Watts family papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 12170, Watts family papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere is a website at the O. Winston Link Museum (History Museum of West Virginia) that has many of the Watts family letters online \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ehttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/byperson?page=3\u0026amp;keyword=Watts%2C%20William\u0026amp;searchType=person\u0026amp;showsearch=True\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRelated collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 8914, and MSS 653.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials","Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["There is a website at the O. Winston Link Museum (History Museum of West Virginia) that has many of the Watts family letters online ","https://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/byperson?page=3\u0026keyword=Watts%2C%20William\u0026searchType=person\u0026showsearch=True","Related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 8914, and MSS 653.","MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Watts family papers of Roanoke County, Virginia at \"Oaklands\" in Flat Creek, Campbell County) consist of correspondence and documents related to the American Revolution, the War of 1812, the United States Civil War, war with Osceola and Seminole tribes in Florida, Virginia politics, economic and social history (including enslavement),land ownership, farming, court cases and debt from 1786 to 1950 in southwest Virginia. The Watts are related to many other Virginia families including James and Dolley Madison. This collection represents a great view into historical and social events of the eighteenth and nineteenth century in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe papers of this family of landowners, farmers, politicians, and attorneys portray the rich southern antebellum life on the Oaklands plantation. Despite the told and true characteristics of the kindness of the Watts family, they were nineteenth century southern plantation owners who owned hundreds of enslaved persons. The letters and receipts in the collection include many first names and some last names. One enslaved person, Henry Langhorne, a lifetime attendant of Colonel William Watts was bequeathed $1,000 and a home for life. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSome letters mention the Watt's efforts to keep enslaved families from being separated by intervening in the sales of enslaved persons. There are many references to enslaved people among their households and farm, including descriptions of providing their clothing, housing, and nurturing them when they were sick, like family members. It is important to note that the collection also contains receipts for their purchase and loan. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe issue of enslavement is discussed in local meetings that Watts attended. There are also letters from former enslaved persons such as [Malinda] Langhorne and William Langhorne to Watts family members and photographs of enslaved persons, Aunt Sally and Aunt Phoebe standing together, and a photograph of Uncle Lou with the Watts children. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is also correspondence about financial and legal matters as Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his father, General Edward Watts (1779-1859), were attorneys. Much of their correspondence relates to collecting debts, indentures, land surveys, receipts, and politics (Whig party, Commonwealth Attorney, Constitutional Convention, Virginia Delegates, and candidacy for Governor), and religion. The papers contain discussions about the popular faith of Presbyterians and Episcopalians). The University of Virginia, Washington \u0026amp; Lee, and William \u0026amp; Mary College are also mentioned.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection spans six generations of the Watts family including General Edward Watts and his wife Elizabeth Breckinridge (1794-1862), their son Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his wife Mary Jane Allen (1825-1855). Also included is their son, John Allen Watts and his wife Gertrude Lee. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther related families include Madison, Breckenridge, Allen, Jackson, Watson, Morris, Gamble, Payne, Washington, Meigs, and Saunders. (MSS 653) Other related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples..(see related materials note)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Mary Scott Watts Gamble have been combined into this collection. These letters contain her accounts of attacks by Osceola and Seminole people in Florida. She mentions that Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 1 contains a folder of transcriptions for some of the collection letters and a folder of biographical information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter dated 1819 mentions \"Joshua\" who rode Edward Watts' horse for him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are newspaper clippings about the Watts family. Included is a newspaper article, \"Number of Colored Residents Have Been Here for 50 Years,\" 28 January, 1934 about families in Roanoke that were enslaved 50 years earlier. Nettie Simms Calloway claims that her father, L. M. Simm, was owned by Colonel William Watts and that her great-grandmother was enslaved by General Edward Watts at Oaklands. Other family names of enslaved persons are named in the article. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAn obituary for Colonel William Watts mentions that a large group enslaved people were around him at his death including Henry Langhorne who had attended him during the war and throughout his life. Colonel Watts left him $1,000 in his will and a permanent home. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere is an address by John Allen Watts and  newspaper clippings about the Watts family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA. Indentures, deeds, plats, receipts, tax statements,petitions, and wills. B. Letters about debt collection. C.Stocks D. Receipt for goods and services for Watts family\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Leather Bound] Reverend Washington Erben and Reverend Clement Butler, Reverend Alfred Nevin, Gustave Dore\nErben, Washington; Butler, Clement, Nevin, Alfred; Dore, Gustave [Illustrator]\nPublished by John E. Potter and Company, 1880\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAutographed Elizabeth Watts, with date January 1817. Written note \"December 29, [1846] I commenced.\" Paste down on inside front cover, obituary of General Edward Watts, August 9, 1859.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of the correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families, ca.1794-1850, but chiefly that of Mary Scott Watts Gamble (1814-1840)daughter of General Edward Watts. The name has been changed to Watts family papers as of March 2023. There are many related collections of the Watts family papers. MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; and MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMary Gamble wrote to her aunt, Emma W. Breckinridge, Grove Hill, Fincastle, Botetourt County, Virginia; her mother, Elizabeth Breckinridge Watts and her father, General Edward Watts, Oakland, near Big Lick, Botetourt County, Virginia; her brothers, William and James B. Watts; and her sisters, Ann S. Watts and Letitia G. Watts. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMost of the letters to her immediate family were written after her marriage and move to Welaunee, Florida, located near Tallahassee, except for several to her brother William Watts while he was away at the New London Academy, Campbell County, Virginia. Many of Mary Watts Gamble's letters are to her aunt, Mrs. Cary Breckinridge (Emma W. Gilmer), 1831-1838, and most of them were written prior to her marriage in 1834. All of her undated letters to her aunt appear to have been written before her marriage and are filed at the beginning of the year 1834 as [ante 1834]. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMary Watts Gamble at Flat Creek writes about the purchase of 34 enslaved persons by Uncle Gamble to prepare the ground for cotton. Her letters also describe her experiences of the conflicts with the Osceola and Seminole warriors in Florida (causing her to learn how to load and shoot a gun). She mentions the Second Seminole War in Florida. Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are details of her accounts of the interactions of the Seminoles  on women, children, and enslaved persons including one on the property of Judge Randall, including the burning of buildings in Magnolia and Hickstown and upon the home, family, and enslaved persons of Mrs. Purifoy, wife of a Methodist minister and daughter of Captain Byrd, just four miles away from Welaunee (April 13, 1838). She mentions the removal of the Apalachicola tribe to the West; the actions of Territorial Governor Richard Keith Call (1792-1862), and the Gambles forced evacuation from Welaunee to Tallahassee for safety. (May 9, 1836) They planned to sail on the Brig Orion from St. Marks to New Orleans, taking a steamboat to Louisville, and then proceeding by mail [coach?] to White Sulphur Springs, [West] Virginia (May 21, 1836). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eShe also mentions her disapproval of the plans of General [Winfield?] Scott for delaying the pursuit of the Seminole War to a later time. She writes about the recent Texas disasters at [the Alamo?] and the loss of [James Walker] Fannin's detachment at the Massacre at La Bahia (Goliad), including concern about the fate of her acquaintances Burr and John Duval. A website on the history of Texas records that Burr and Duval were captured and executed (April 24, 1836). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHer letters also include the health and news of famly members; her marriage to her cousin James Gamble; her attendance at three days of preaching at the Academy (May 19, 1832); the unpopularity of the Reverend [Gyng?] in Tallahasseethe family's concern for William and Robert over an outbreak of scarlet fever near New London Academy(January 12, 1833); and the illness and death of her grandfather, General James Breckinridge.   (May 15, 1833).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAdditional subjects include  attempts to persuade her her attempts to convince her brother James to begin his law practice in Tallahassee and comments about the presidential election.She describes the romantic affairs of her brother James; her illness and plans to recover in Virginia (May 15, 1837); her stay in St. Joseph [Bay?] for the summer because of her health, reading the works of Hannah More (1745-1833) while staying in St. Joseph, especially The History of Hester Wilmot and description of the area (July 30, 1838); her return to Tallahassee, and her husband's new store (October 22, 1838); and her stay in a boarding house near the store (December 15, 1838). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents in the folder of general correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families include: Robert Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters (March 20 and July 23, 1794; n.d.); John Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters, his lawsuit with Isaac Robinson, and a reference to the Whisky Rebellion at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania (August 19, 1794); William Breckinridge to James Breckinridge (September 1794); James Breckinridge to Ann Breckinridge discussing the sickness of Lewis and news about others of their acquaintance (January 24, 1819); James Breckinridge to Edward Watts mentions the James River bill and the death of Judge Fleming which left a vacancy on the court (February 22, 1824). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMary Page Randolph discusses her unexpected trip to Montpelier, Orange County, and Edgehill, Albemarle County, Virginia, with Thomas Jefferson Randolph, and sympathy for Mary S. Watts' \"late bereavement\" (July 22, 1833); Robert Gamble to Colonel Edward Watts discusses the visit of Mary Scott Watts and the death of his niece Laura (January 13, 1834); Edward Watts to his daughter, Elizabeth B. Watts, announcing the death of Mary Watts Gamble on May 22, 1840 (1840); Emma W. Breckinridge to her niece Letty [Letitia G. Watts?] (December 21, 1850); and John Wickham to James Breckinridge, notifying them of a death which has greatly distressed Betsy (August 14, n.y.). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are several letters from Nannie Gamble to her cousin, Letitia G. Watts, in which she describes her return visit from New York to Savannah, Georgia by ship (November 13, 1843) furnishes news of the family while in the mountains, near Abingdon, Virginia (January 20, 1845); expresses her sorrow at the news of the death of their friend, Lizzie Peyton, and describes the difficult journey home from Abingdon to Tallahassee which took five weeks (March 4, 1845); mentions the death of Lucy Gilmer (May 31, 1845); and a final letter from Nannie Gamble with a note written by Letitia on the bottom, \"The last letter ever received from my darling cousin N.S.G. who is now numbered with the dead\" (September 9, 1845). \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Watts family papers of Roanoke County, Virginia at \"Oaklands\" in Flat Creek, Campbell County) consist of correspondence and documents related to the American Revolution, the War of 1812, the United States Civil War, war with Osceola and Seminole tribes in Florida, Virginia politics, economic and social history (including enslavement),land ownership, farming, court cases and debt from 1786 to 1950 in southwest Virginia. The Watts are related to many other Virginia families including James and Dolley Madison. This collection represents a great view into historical and social events of the eighteenth and nineteenth century in Virginia.","The papers of this family of landowners, farmers, politicians, and attorneys portray the rich southern antebellum life on the Oaklands plantation. Despite the told and true characteristics of the kindness of the Watts family, they were nineteenth century southern plantation owners who owned hundreds of enslaved persons. The letters and receipts in the collection include many first names and some last names. One enslaved person, Henry Langhorne, a lifetime attendant of Colonel William Watts was bequeathed $1,000 and a home for life. ","Some letters mention the Watt's efforts to keep enslaved families from being separated by intervening in the sales of enslaved persons. There are many references to enslaved people among their households and farm, including descriptions of providing their clothing, housing, and nurturing them when they were sick, like family members. It is important to note that the collection also contains receipts for their purchase and loan. ","The issue of enslavement is discussed in local meetings that Watts attended. There are also letters from former enslaved persons such as [Malinda] Langhorne and William Langhorne to Watts family members and photographs of enslaved persons, Aunt Sally and Aunt Phoebe standing together, and a photograph of Uncle Lou with the Watts children. ","There is also correspondence about financial and legal matters as Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his father, General Edward Watts (1779-1859), were attorneys. Much of their correspondence relates to collecting debts, indentures, land surveys, receipts, and politics (Whig party, Commonwealth Attorney, Constitutional Convention, Virginia Delegates, and candidacy for Governor), and religion. The papers contain discussions about the popular faith of Presbyterians and Episcopalians). The University of Virginia, Washington \u0026 Lee, and William \u0026 Mary College are also mentioned.","The collection spans six generations of the Watts family including General Edward Watts and his wife Elizabeth Breckinridge (1794-1862), their son Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his wife Mary Jane Allen (1825-1855). Also included is their son, John Allen Watts and his wife Gertrude Lee. ","Other related families include Madison, Breckenridge, Allen, Jackson, Watson, Morris, Gamble, Payne, Washington, Meigs, and Saunders. (MSS 653) Other related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples..(see related materials note)","The papers of Mary Scott Watts Gamble have been combined into this collection. These letters contain her accounts of attacks by Osceola and Seminole people in Florida. She mentions that Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) ","Box 1 contains a folder of transcriptions for some of the collection letters and a folder of biographical information.","Letter dated 1819 mentions \"Joshua\" who rode Edward Watts' horse for him.","There are newspaper clippings about the Watts family. Included is a newspaper article, \"Number of Colored Residents Have Been Here for 50 Years,\" 28 January, 1934 about families in Roanoke that were enslaved 50 years earlier. Nettie Simms Calloway claims that her father, L. M. Simm, was owned by Colonel William Watts and that her great-grandmother was enslaved by General Edward Watts at Oaklands. Other family names of enslaved persons are named in the article. ","An obituary for Colonel William Watts mentions that a large group enslaved people were around him at his death including Henry Langhorne who had attended him during the war and throughout his life. Colonel Watts left him $1,000 in his will and a permanent home. ","There is an address by John Allen Watts and  newspaper clippings about the Watts family.","A. Indentures, deeds, plats, receipts, tax statements,petitions, and wills. B. Letters about debt collection. C.Stocks D. Receipt for goods and services for Watts family","[Leather Bound] Reverend Washington Erben and Reverend Clement Butler, Reverend Alfred Nevin, Gustave Dore\nErben, Washington; Butler, Clement, Nevin, Alfred; Dore, Gustave [Illustrator]\nPublished by John E. Potter and Company, 1880","Autographed Elizabeth Watts, with date January 1817. Written note \"December 29, [1846] I commenced.\" Paste down on inside front cover, obituary of General Edward Watts, August 9, 1859.","This series consists of the correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families, ca.1794-1850, but chiefly that of Mary Scott Watts Gamble (1814-1840)daughter of General Edward Watts. The name has been changed to Watts family papers as of March 2023. There are many related collections of the Watts family papers. MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; and MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.","Mary Gamble wrote to her aunt, Emma W. Breckinridge, Grove Hill, Fincastle, Botetourt County, Virginia; her mother, Elizabeth Breckinridge Watts and her father, General Edward Watts, Oakland, near Big Lick, Botetourt County, Virginia; her brothers, William and James B. Watts; and her sisters, Ann S. Watts and Letitia G. Watts. ","Most of the letters to her immediate family were written after her marriage and move to Welaunee, Florida, located near Tallahassee, except for several to her brother William Watts while he was away at the New London Academy, Campbell County, Virginia. Many of Mary Watts Gamble's letters are to her aunt, Mrs. Cary Breckinridge (Emma W. Gilmer), 1831-1838, and most of them were written prior to her marriage in 1834. All of her undated letters to her aunt appear to have been written before her marriage and are filed at the beginning of the year 1834 as [ante 1834]. ","Mary Watts Gamble at Flat Creek writes about the purchase of 34 enslaved persons by Uncle Gamble to prepare the ground for cotton. Her letters also describe her experiences of the conflicts with the Osceola and Seminole warriors in Florida (causing her to learn how to load and shoot a gun). She mentions the Second Seminole War in Florida. Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) ","There are details of her accounts of the interactions of the Seminoles  on women, children, and enslaved persons including one on the property of Judge Randall, including the burning of buildings in Magnolia and Hickstown and upon the home, family, and enslaved persons of Mrs. Purifoy, wife of a Methodist minister and daughter of Captain Byrd, just four miles away from Welaunee (April 13, 1838). She mentions the removal of the Apalachicola tribe to the West; the actions of Territorial Governor Richard Keith Call (1792-1862), and the Gambles forced evacuation from Welaunee to Tallahassee for safety. (May 9, 1836) They planned to sail on the Brig Orion from St. Marks to New Orleans, taking a steamboat to Louisville, and then proceeding by mail [coach?] to White Sulphur Springs, [West] Virginia (May 21, 1836). ","She also mentions her disapproval of the plans of General [Winfield?] Scott for delaying the pursuit of the Seminole War to a later time. She writes about the recent Texas disasters at [the Alamo?] and the loss of [James Walker] Fannin's detachment at the Massacre at La Bahia (Goliad), including concern about the fate of her acquaintances Burr and John Duval. A website on the history of Texas records that Burr and Duval were captured and executed (April 24, 1836). ","Her letters also include the health and news of famly members; her marriage to her cousin James Gamble; her attendance at three days of preaching at the Academy (May 19, 1832); the unpopularity of the Reverend [Gyng?] in Tallahasseethe family's concern for William and Robert over an outbreak of scarlet fever near New London Academy(January 12, 1833); and the illness and death of her grandfather, General James Breckinridge.   (May 15, 1833).","\nAdditional subjects include  attempts to persuade her her attempts to convince her brother James to begin his law practice in Tallahassee and comments about the presidential election.She describes the romantic affairs of her brother James; her illness and plans to recover in Virginia (May 15, 1837); her stay in St. Joseph [Bay?] for the summer because of her health, reading the works of Hannah More (1745-1833) while staying in St. Joseph, especially The History of Hester Wilmot and description of the area (July 30, 1838); her return to Tallahassee, and her husband's new store (October 22, 1838); and her stay in a boarding house near the store (December 15, 1838). ","Correspondents in the folder of general correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families include: Robert Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters (March 20 and July 23, 1794; n.d.); John Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters, his lawsuit with Isaac Robinson, and a reference to the Whisky Rebellion at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania (August 19, 1794); William Breckinridge to James Breckinridge (September 1794); James Breckinridge to Ann Breckinridge discussing the sickness of Lewis and news about others of their acquaintance (January 24, 1819); James Breckinridge to Edward Watts mentions the James River bill and the death of Judge Fleming which left a vacancy on the court (February 22, 1824). ","Mary Page Randolph discusses her unexpected trip to Montpelier, Orange County, and Edgehill, Albemarle County, Virginia, with Thomas Jefferson Randolph, and sympathy for Mary S. Watts' \"late bereavement\" (July 22, 1833); Robert Gamble to Colonel Edward Watts discusses the visit of Mary Scott Watts and the death of his niece Laura (January 13, 1834); Edward Watts to his daughter, Elizabeth B. Watts, announcing the death of Mary Watts Gamble on May 22, 1840 (1840); Emma W. Breckinridge to her niece Letty [Letitia G. Watts?] (December 21, 1850); and John Wickham to James Breckinridge, notifying them of a death which has greatly distressed Betsy (August 14, n.y.). ","There are several letters from Nannie Gamble to her cousin, Letitia G. Watts, in which she describes her return visit from New York to Savannah, Georgia by ship (November 13, 1843) furnishes news of the family while in the mountains, near Abingdon, Virginia (January 20, 1845); expresses her sorrow at the news of the death of their friend, Lizzie Peyton, and describes the difficult journey home from Abingdon to Tallahassee which took five weeks (March 4, 1845); mentions the death of Lucy Gilmer (May 31, 1845); and a final letter from Nannie Gamble with a note written by Letitia on the bottom, \"The last letter ever received from my darling cousin N.S.G. who is now numbered with the dead\" (September 9, 1845). 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1"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#4/components#12","timestamp":"2026-06-09T07:08:45.006Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1396","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1396.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/151360","title_filing_ssi":"Watts family papers","title_ssm":["Watts family papers-addition"],"title_tesim":["Watts family papers-addition"],"unitdate_ssm":["1786-1950"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1786-1950"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 12170","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource 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Series 1. Family Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, History and letters of James and Dolley Madison, Series 3. Documents related to enslavement, Series 4. Legal and Financial papers, Subseries A. Indentures, Subseries B. Marriage agreements, petitions, statements, and wills, Subseries C. Letters about collecting debts, Subseries D. Receipts for goods and services of the Watts family, Series 5. Newspaper clippings and miscellaneous family papers and oversize photographs, Series 6. Family Bibles, Series 7. Roanoke Gun Club Inc. land, Series 8. Showalter transcriptions on digital materials and a flash drive. Box 1 contains folders with some transcription of the letters in the collection and a folder with biographical information. Box 12 contains folders with an index and a folder of miscellaneous information about the collection. ","Added existing collection MSS 12170 (3 folders) of Breckinridge, Gamble and Watts families into this addition of Watts family papers MSS 12170. ","The Watts family has been part of the Roanoke Valley (also called \"Big Lick\") in Virginia for six generations. General Edward Watts was born on 7 April 1779, in Prince Edward, Virginia. He was the son of William Watts (1742-1797), and Mary Scott (1758-1836). He married Elizabeth Breckinridge, the daughter of James Breckinridge on 6 May 1811 and they had 10 children, including William Watts (1817-1877), Mary Scott Gamble (1814-1840), Ann Selden Watts Holcombe (1820-1888), Alice Watts Robertson (1832-1914), Emma Gilmer Watts Carr (1834-1872) and Letitia Watts Sorrell (1829-1900). Edward Watts purchased 400 acres of land from his father-in-law, James Breckinridge (called The Barrens) where he built his home \"Oaklands\" in 1817. General Edward Watts died in 1859 at age 59. The Watts and Breckinridge families were well-known families in southwest Virginia who enslaved people during the American Revolution and the American Civil War. They were admired by their peers as influential attorneys, politicians, and land owners who often opened their house to the community.","General Edward Watts was educated at Liberty Hall Academy (Washington \u0026 Lee), and Princeton. He was an officer in the War of 1812 and was the Commonwealth attorney for Roanoke County from 1839 to 1845. His son, William Watts (1817-1877) was a Colonel in the 28th Infantry of the Confederate Army (Roanoke Greys). He was educated in medicine and law at the University of Virginia. ","After the war, he followed in his father's path as the Commonwealth attorney from 1845 to 1854. He was in the State Constitutional Convention (1850-1851), and was president of the Exchange Bank of Virginia. He also ran for governor in 1834 and 1842. He served in the legislature for one term in 1875. He married Mary Allen in 1850 and they had one living son, John Allen Watts (1855-1904). Mary Allen died following his birth in 1855. Colonel William Watts was also a farmer who enslaved over 100 people. He was said to have one enslaved person as his \"body servant\" through the war and gave him a home for life. Research of the collection has not yet provided his name.","John Allen Watts (1855-1904) nicknamed \"Squat\" was also a student at the University of Virginia and became an attorney. He married Gertrude Lee and they had a son named William. John Allen Watts sold Oaklands to a develpment company and it burned down in 1897. Descendants Jean Staples Showalter, English Showalter, and Katherine Watts donated this collection of their family's papers. ","Sources:\n\"Roanoke and Western Virginia: Glimpses of the Pst: Oaklands\" http://showalter.blogspot.com/2010/12/oaklands.html","Barnes, Raymond. \"Confederates of Roanoke-V: General Edward Watts and Colonel William Watts Founded Clan\" Roanoke World News. 5 April 1961. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/94647C8F-8806-4D18-8A04-445143233613#gallery","\nBarnes, Raymond. 'Oaklands' Was Hospitable Seat of Watts Family for Generations: Needed Big Staff\" Roanoke World News. 21 May 1958. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/53DC8EB0-DBE3-4B95-B4AF-027946626463#gallery","\nWatts, Katherine. \"The Roanoke Valley and the Watts Family\" June 1984.","There is a website at the O. Winston Link Museum (History Museum of West Virginia) that has many of the Watts family letters online ","https://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/byperson?page=3\u0026keyword=Watts%2C%20William\u0026searchType=person\u0026showsearch=True","Related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 8914, and MSS 653.","MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.","The Watts family papers of Roanoke County, Virginia at \"Oaklands\" in Flat Creek, Campbell County) consist of correspondence and documents related to the American Revolution, the War of 1812, the United States Civil War, war with Osceola and Seminole tribes in Florida, Virginia politics, economic and social history (including enslavement),land ownership, farming, court cases and debt from 1786 to 1950 in southwest Virginia. The Watts are related to many other Virginia families including James and Dolley Madison. This collection represents a great view into historical and social events of the eighteenth and nineteenth century in Virginia.","The papers of this family of landowners, farmers, politicians, and attorneys portray the rich southern antebellum life on the Oaklands plantation. Despite the told and true characteristics of the kindness of the Watts family, they were nineteenth century southern plantation owners who owned hundreds of enslaved persons. The letters and receipts in the collection include many first names and some last names. One enslaved person, Henry Langhorne, a lifetime attendant of Colonel William Watts was bequeathed $1,000 and a home for life. ","Some letters mention the Watt's efforts to keep enslaved families from being separated by intervening in the sales of enslaved persons. There are many references to enslaved people among their households and farm, including descriptions of providing their clothing, housing, and nurturing them when they were sick, like family members. It is important to note that the collection also contains receipts for their purchase and loan. ","The issue of enslavement is discussed in local meetings that Watts attended. There are also letters from former enslaved persons such as [Malinda] Langhorne and William Langhorne to Watts family members and photographs of enslaved persons, Aunt Sally and Aunt Phoebe standing together, and a photograph of Uncle Lou with the Watts children. ","There is also correspondence about financial and legal matters as Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his father, General Edward Watts (1779-1859), were attorneys. Much of their correspondence relates to collecting debts, indentures, land surveys, receipts, and politics (Whig party, Commonwealth Attorney, Constitutional Convention, Virginia Delegates, and candidacy for Governor), and religion. The papers contain discussions about the popular faith of Presbyterians and Episcopalians). The University of Virginia, Washington \u0026 Lee, and William \u0026 Mary College are also mentioned.","The collection spans six generations of the Watts family including General Edward Watts and his wife Elizabeth Breckinridge (1794-1862), their son Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his wife Mary Jane Allen (1825-1855). Also included is their son, John Allen Watts and his wife Gertrude Lee. ","Other related families include Madison, Breckenridge, Allen, Jackson, Watson, Morris, Gamble, Payne, Washington, Meigs, and Saunders. (MSS 653) Other related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples..(see related materials note)","The papers of Mary Scott Watts Gamble have been combined into this collection. These letters contain her accounts of attacks by Osceola and Seminole people in Florida. She mentions that Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) ","Box 1 contains a folder of transcriptions for some of the collection letters and a folder of biographical information.","Letter dated 1819 mentions \"Joshua\" who rode Edward Watts' horse for him.","There are newspaper clippings about the Watts family. Included is a newspaper article, \"Number of Colored Residents Have Been Here for 50 Years,\" 28 January, 1934 about families in Roanoke that were enslaved 50 years earlier. Nettie Simms Calloway claims that her father, L. M. Simm, was owned by Colonel William Watts and that her great-grandmother was enslaved by General Edward Watts at Oaklands. Other family names of enslaved persons are named in the article. ","An obituary for Colonel William Watts mentions that a large group enslaved people were around him at his death including Henry Langhorne who had attended him during the war and throughout his life. Colonel Watts left him $1,000 in his will and a permanent home. ","There is an address by John Allen Watts and  newspaper clippings about the Watts family.","A. Indentures, deeds, plats, receipts, tax statements,petitions, and wills. B. Letters about debt collection. C.Stocks D. Receipt for goods and services for Watts family","[Leather Bound] Reverend Washington Erben and Reverend Clement Butler, Reverend Alfred Nevin, Gustave Dore\nErben, Washington; Butler, Clement, Nevin, Alfred; Dore, Gustave [Illustrator]\nPublished by John E. Potter and Company, 1880","Autographed Elizabeth Watts, with date January 1817. Written note \"December 29, [1846] I commenced.\" Paste down on inside front cover, obituary of General Edward Watts, August 9, 1859.","This series consists of the correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families, ca.1794-1850, but chiefly that of Mary Scott Watts Gamble (1814-1840)daughter of General Edward Watts. The name has been changed to Watts family papers as of March 2023. There are many related collections of the Watts family papers. MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; and MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.","Mary Gamble wrote to her aunt, Emma W. Breckinridge, Grove Hill, Fincastle, Botetourt County, Virginia; her mother, Elizabeth Breckinridge Watts and her father, General Edward Watts, Oakland, near Big Lick, Botetourt County, Virginia; her brothers, William and James B. Watts; and her sisters, Ann S. Watts and Letitia G. Watts. ","Most of the letters to her immediate family were written after her marriage and move to Welaunee, Florida, located near Tallahassee, except for several to her brother William Watts while he was away at the New London Academy, Campbell County, Virginia. Many of Mary Watts Gamble's letters are to her aunt, Mrs. Cary Breckinridge (Emma W. Gilmer), 1831-1838, and most of them were written prior to her marriage in 1834. All of her undated letters to her aunt appear to have been written before her marriage and are filed at the beginning of the year 1834 as [ante 1834]. ","Mary Watts Gamble at Flat Creek writes about the purchase of 34 enslaved persons by Uncle Gamble to prepare the ground for cotton. Her letters also describe her experiences of the conflicts with the Osceola and Seminole warriors in Florida (causing her to learn how to load and shoot a gun). She mentions the Second Seminole War in Florida. Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) ","There are details of her accounts of the interactions of the Seminoles  on women, children, and enslaved persons including one on the property of Judge Randall, including the burning of buildings in Magnolia and Hickstown and upon the home, family, and enslaved persons of Mrs. Purifoy, wife of a Methodist minister and daughter of Captain Byrd, just four miles away from Welaunee (April 13, 1838). She mentions the removal of the Apalachicola tribe to the West; the actions of Territorial Governor Richard Keith Call (1792-1862), and the Gambles forced evacuation from Welaunee to Tallahassee for safety. (May 9, 1836) They planned to sail on the Brig Orion from St. Marks to New Orleans, taking a steamboat to Louisville, and then proceeding by mail [coach?] to White Sulphur Springs, [West] Virginia (May 21, 1836). ","She also mentions her disapproval of the plans of General [Winfield?] Scott for delaying the pursuit of the Seminole War to a later time. She writes about the recent Texas disasters at [the Alamo?] and the loss of [James Walker] Fannin's detachment at the Massacre at La Bahia (Goliad), including concern about the fate of her acquaintances Burr and John Duval. A website on the history of Texas records that Burr and Duval were captured and executed (April 24, 1836). ","Her letters also include the health and news of famly members; her marriage to her cousin James Gamble; her attendance at three days of preaching at the Academy (May 19, 1832); the unpopularity of the Reverend [Gyng?] in Tallahasseethe family's concern for William and Robert over an outbreak of scarlet fever near New London Academy(January 12, 1833); and the illness and death of her grandfather, General James Breckinridge.   (May 15, 1833).","\nAdditional subjects include  attempts to persuade her her attempts to convince her brother James to begin his law practice in Tallahassee and comments about the presidential election.She describes the romantic affairs of her brother James; her illness and plans to recover in Virginia (May 15, 1837); her stay in St. Joseph [Bay?] for the summer because of her health, reading the works of Hannah More (1745-1833) while staying in St. Joseph, especially The History of Hester Wilmot and description of the area (July 30, 1838); her return to Tallahassee, and her husband's new store (October 22, 1838); and her stay in a boarding house near the store (December 15, 1838). ","Correspondents in the folder of general correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families include: Robert Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters (March 20 and July 23, 1794; n.d.); John Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters, his lawsuit with Isaac Robinson, and a reference to the Whisky Rebellion at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania (August 19, 1794); William Breckinridge to James Breckinridge (September 1794); James Breckinridge to Ann Breckinridge discussing the sickness of Lewis and news about others of their acquaintance (January 24, 1819); James Breckinridge to Edward Watts mentions the James River bill and the death of Judge Fleming which left a vacancy on the court (February 22, 1824). ","Mary Page Randolph discusses her unexpected trip to Montpelier, Orange County, and Edgehill, Albemarle County, Virginia, with Thomas Jefferson Randolph, and sympathy for Mary S. Watts' \"late bereavement\" (July 22, 1833); Robert Gamble to Colonel Edward Watts discusses the visit of Mary Scott Watts and the death of his niece Laura (January 13, 1834); Edward Watts to his daughter, Elizabeth B. Watts, announcing the death of Mary Watts Gamble on May 22, 1840 (1840); Emma W. Breckinridge to her niece Letty [Letitia G. Watts?] (December 21, 1850); and John Wickham to James Breckinridge, notifying them of a death which has greatly distressed Betsy (August 14, n.y.). ","There are several letters from Nannie Gamble to her cousin, Letitia G. Watts, in which she describes her return visit from New York to Savannah, Georgia by ship (November 13, 1843) furnishes news of the family while in the mountains, near Abingdon, Virginia (January 20, 1845); expresses her sorrow at the news of the death of their friend, Lizzie Peyton, and describes the difficult journey home from Abingdon to Tallahassee which took five weeks (March 4, 1845); mentions the death of Lucy Gilmer (May 31, 1845); and a final letter from Nannie Gamble with a note written by Letitia on the bottom, \"The last letter ever received from my darling cousin N.S.G. who is now numbered with the dead\" (September 9, 1845). 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Series 1. Family Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, History and letters of James and Dolley Madison, Series 3. Documents related to enslavement, Series 4. Legal and Financial papers, Subseries A. Indentures, Subseries B. Marriage agreements, petitions, statements, and wills, Subseries C. Letters about collecting debts, Subseries D. Receipts for goods and services of the Watts family, Series 5. Newspaper clippings and miscellaneous family papers and oversize photographs, Series 6. Family Bibles, Series 7. Roanoke Gun Club Inc. land, Series 8. Showalter transcriptions on digital materials and a flash drive. Box 1 contains folders with some transcription of the letters in the collection and a folder with biographical information. Box 12 contains folders with an index and a folder of miscellaneous information about the collection. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdded existing collection MSS 12170 (3 folders) of Breckinridge, Gamble and Watts families into this addition of Watts family papers MSS 12170. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Watts family papers are arranged into 9 series. Series 1. Family Correspondence, Series 2. Genealogy, History and letters of James and Dolley Madison, Series 3. Documents related to enslavement, Series 4. Legal and Financial papers, Subseries A. Indentures, Subseries B. Marriage agreements, petitions, statements, and wills, Subseries C. Letters about collecting debts, Subseries D. Receipts for goods and services of the Watts family, Series 5. Newspaper clippings and miscellaneous family papers and oversize photographs, Series 6. Family Bibles, Series 7. Roanoke Gun Club Inc. land, Series 8. Showalter transcriptions on digital materials and a flash drive. Box 1 contains folders with some transcription of the letters in the collection and a folder with biographical information. Box 12 contains folders with an index and a folder of miscellaneous information about the collection. ","Added existing collection MSS 12170 (3 folders) of Breckinridge, Gamble and Watts families into this addition of Watts family papers MSS 12170. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Watts family has been part of the Roanoke Valley (also called \"Big Lick\") in Virginia for six generations. General Edward Watts was born on 7 April 1779, in Prince Edward, Virginia. He was the son of William Watts (1742-1797), and Mary Scott (1758-1836). He married Elizabeth Breckinridge, the daughter of James Breckinridge on 6 May 1811 and they had 10 children, including William Watts (1817-1877), Mary Scott Gamble (1814-1840), Ann Selden Watts Holcombe (1820-1888), Alice Watts Robertson (1832-1914), Emma Gilmer Watts Carr (1834-1872) and Letitia Watts Sorrell (1829-1900). Edward Watts purchased 400 acres of land from his father-in-law, James Breckinridge (called The Barrens) where he built his home \"Oaklands\" in 1817. General Edward Watts died in 1859 at age 59. The Watts and Breckinridge families were well-known families in southwest Virginia who enslaved people during the American Revolution and the American Civil War. They were admired by their peers as influential attorneys, politicians, and land owners who often opened their house to the community.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeneral Edward Watts was educated at Liberty Hall Academy (Washington \u0026amp; Lee), and Princeton. He was an officer in the War of 1812 and was the Commonwealth attorney for Roanoke County from 1839 to 1845. His son, William Watts (1817-1877) was a Colonel in the 28th Infantry of the Confederate Army (Roanoke Greys). He was educated in medicine and law at the University of Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter the war, he followed in his father's path as the Commonwealth attorney from 1845 to 1854. He was in the State Constitutional Convention (1850-1851), and was president of the Exchange Bank of Virginia. He also ran for governor in 1834 and 1842. He served in the legislature for one term in 1875. He married Mary Allen in 1850 and they had one living son, John Allen Watts (1855-1904). Mary Allen died following his birth in 1855. Colonel William Watts was also a farmer who enslaved over 100 people. He was said to have one enslaved person as his \"body servant\" through the war and gave him a home for life. Research of the collection has not yet provided his name.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohn Allen Watts (1855-1904) nicknamed \"Squat\" was also a student at the University of Virginia and became an attorney. He married Gertrude Lee and they had a son named William. John Allen Watts sold Oaklands to a develpment company and it burned down in 1897. Descendants Jean Staples Showalter, English Showalter, and Katherine Watts donated this collection of their family's papers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources:\n\"Roanoke and Western Virginia: Glimpses of the Pst: Oaklands\" http://showalter.blogspot.com/2010/12/oaklands.html\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBarnes, Raymond. \"Confederates of Roanoke-V: General Edward Watts and Colonel William Watts Founded Clan\" Roanoke World News. 5 April 1961. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/94647C8F-8806-4D18-8A04-445143233613#gallery\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nBarnes, Raymond. 'Oaklands' Was Hospitable Seat of Watts Family for Generations: Needed Big Staff\" Roanoke World News. 21 May 1958. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/53DC8EB0-DBE3-4B95-B4AF-027946626463#gallery\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nWatts, Katherine. \"The Roanoke Valley and the Watts Family\" June 1984.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Watts family has been part of the Roanoke Valley (also called \"Big Lick\") in Virginia for six generations. General Edward Watts was born on 7 April 1779, in Prince Edward, Virginia. He was the son of William Watts (1742-1797), and Mary Scott (1758-1836). He married Elizabeth Breckinridge, the daughter of James Breckinridge on 6 May 1811 and they had 10 children, including William Watts (1817-1877), Mary Scott Gamble (1814-1840), Ann Selden Watts Holcombe (1820-1888), Alice Watts Robertson (1832-1914), Emma Gilmer Watts Carr (1834-1872) and Letitia Watts Sorrell (1829-1900). Edward Watts purchased 400 acres of land from his father-in-law, James Breckinridge (called The Barrens) where he built his home \"Oaklands\" in 1817. General Edward Watts died in 1859 at age 59. The Watts and Breckinridge families were well-known families in southwest Virginia who enslaved people during the American Revolution and the American Civil War. They were admired by their peers as influential attorneys, politicians, and land owners who often opened their house to the community.","General Edward Watts was educated at Liberty Hall Academy (Washington \u0026 Lee), and Princeton. He was an officer in the War of 1812 and was the Commonwealth attorney for Roanoke County from 1839 to 1845. His son, William Watts (1817-1877) was a Colonel in the 28th Infantry of the Confederate Army (Roanoke Greys). He was educated in medicine and law at the University of Virginia. ","After the war, he followed in his father's path as the Commonwealth attorney from 1845 to 1854. He was in the State Constitutional Convention (1850-1851), and was president of the Exchange Bank of Virginia. He also ran for governor in 1834 and 1842. He served in the legislature for one term in 1875. He married Mary Allen in 1850 and they had one living son, John Allen Watts (1855-1904). Mary Allen died following his birth in 1855. Colonel William Watts was also a farmer who enslaved over 100 people. He was said to have one enslaved person as his \"body servant\" through the war and gave him a home for life. Research of the collection has not yet provided his name.","John Allen Watts (1855-1904) nicknamed \"Squat\" was also a student at the University of Virginia and became an attorney. He married Gertrude Lee and they had a son named William. John Allen Watts sold Oaklands to a develpment company and it burned down in 1897. Descendants Jean Staples Showalter, English Showalter, and Katherine Watts donated this collection of their family's papers. ","Sources:\n\"Roanoke and Western Virginia: Glimpses of the Pst: Oaklands\" http://showalter.blogspot.com/2010/12/oaklands.html","Barnes, Raymond. \"Confederates of Roanoke-V: General Edward Watts and Colonel William Watts Founded Clan\" Roanoke World News. 5 April 1961. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/94647C8F-8806-4D18-8A04-445143233613#gallery","\nBarnes, Raymond. 'Oaklands' Was Hospitable Seat of Watts Family for Generations: Needed Big Staff\" Roanoke World News. 21 May 1958. The Historical Society of Western Virginia. O. Winston Link Museum. History Museum of Western Virginia\nhttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/archive/53DC8EB0-DBE3-4B95-B4AF-027946626463#gallery","\nWatts, Katherine. \"The Roanoke Valley and the Watts Family\" June 1984."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 12170, Watts family papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 12170, Watts family papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere is a website at the O. Winston Link Museum (History Museum of West Virginia) that has many of the Watts family letters online \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ehttps://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/byperson?page=3\u0026amp;keyword=Watts%2C%20William\u0026amp;searchType=person\u0026amp;showsearch=True\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRelated collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 8914, and MSS 653.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials","Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["There is a website at the O. Winston Link Museum (History Museum of West Virginia) that has many of the Watts family letters online ","https://hswv.pastperfectonline.com/byperson?page=3\u0026keyword=Watts%2C%20William\u0026searchType=person\u0026showsearch=True","Related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 8914, and MSS 653.","MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Watts family papers of Roanoke County, Virginia at \"Oaklands\" in Flat Creek, Campbell County) consist of correspondence and documents related to the American Revolution, the War of 1812, the United States Civil War, war with Osceola and Seminole tribes in Florida, Virginia politics, economic and social history (including enslavement),land ownership, farming, court cases and debt from 1786 to 1950 in southwest Virginia. The Watts are related to many other Virginia families including James and Dolley Madison. This collection represents a great view into historical and social events of the eighteenth and nineteenth century in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe papers of this family of landowners, farmers, politicians, and attorneys portray the rich southern antebellum life on the Oaklands plantation. Despite the told and true characteristics of the kindness of the Watts family, they were nineteenth century southern plantation owners who owned hundreds of enslaved persons. The letters and receipts in the collection include many first names and some last names. One enslaved person, Henry Langhorne, a lifetime attendant of Colonel William Watts was bequeathed $1,000 and a home for life. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSome letters mention the Watt's efforts to keep enslaved families from being separated by intervening in the sales of enslaved persons. There are many references to enslaved people among their households and farm, including descriptions of providing their clothing, housing, and nurturing them when they were sick, like family members. It is important to note that the collection also contains receipts for their purchase and loan. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe issue of enslavement is discussed in local meetings that Watts attended. There are also letters from former enslaved persons such as [Malinda] Langhorne and William Langhorne to Watts family members and photographs of enslaved persons, Aunt Sally and Aunt Phoebe standing together, and a photograph of Uncle Lou with the Watts children. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is also correspondence about financial and legal matters as Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his father, General Edward Watts (1779-1859), were attorneys. Much of their correspondence relates to collecting debts, indentures, land surveys, receipts, and politics (Whig party, Commonwealth Attorney, Constitutional Convention, Virginia Delegates, and candidacy for Governor), and religion. The papers contain discussions about the popular faith of Presbyterians and Episcopalians). The University of Virginia, Washington \u0026amp; Lee, and William \u0026amp; Mary College are also mentioned.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection spans six generations of the Watts family including General Edward Watts and his wife Elizabeth Breckinridge (1794-1862), their son Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his wife Mary Jane Allen (1825-1855). Also included is their son, John Allen Watts and his wife Gertrude Lee. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther related families include Madison, Breckenridge, Allen, Jackson, Watson, Morris, Gamble, Payne, Washington, Meigs, and Saunders. (MSS 653) Other related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples..(see related materials note)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Mary Scott Watts Gamble have been combined into this collection. These letters contain her accounts of attacks by Osceola and Seminole people in Florida. She mentions that Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 1 contains a folder of transcriptions for some of the collection letters and a folder of biographical information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter dated 1819 mentions \"Joshua\" who rode Edward Watts' horse for him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are newspaper clippings about the Watts family. Included is a newspaper article, \"Number of Colored Residents Have Been Here for 50 Years,\" 28 January, 1934 about families in Roanoke that were enslaved 50 years earlier. Nettie Simms Calloway claims that her father, L. M. Simm, was owned by Colonel William Watts and that her great-grandmother was enslaved by General Edward Watts at Oaklands. Other family names of enslaved persons are named in the article. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAn obituary for Colonel William Watts mentions that a large group enslaved people were around him at his death including Henry Langhorne who had attended him during the war and throughout his life. Colonel Watts left him $1,000 in his will and a permanent home. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere is an address by John Allen Watts and  newspaper clippings about the Watts family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA. Indentures, deeds, plats, receipts, tax statements,petitions, and wills. B. Letters about debt collection. C.Stocks D. Receipt for goods and services for Watts family\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Leather Bound] Reverend Washington Erben and Reverend Clement Butler, Reverend Alfred Nevin, Gustave Dore\nErben, Washington; Butler, Clement, Nevin, Alfred; Dore, Gustave [Illustrator]\nPublished by John E. Potter and Company, 1880\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAutographed Elizabeth Watts, with date January 1817. Written note \"December 29, [1846] I commenced.\" Paste down on inside front cover, obituary of General Edward Watts, August 9, 1859.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of the correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families, ca.1794-1850, but chiefly that of Mary Scott Watts Gamble (1814-1840)daughter of General Edward Watts. The name has been changed to Watts family papers as of March 2023. There are many related collections of the Watts family papers. MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; and MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMary Gamble wrote to her aunt, Emma W. Breckinridge, Grove Hill, Fincastle, Botetourt County, Virginia; her mother, Elizabeth Breckinridge Watts and her father, General Edward Watts, Oakland, near Big Lick, Botetourt County, Virginia; her brothers, William and James B. Watts; and her sisters, Ann S. Watts and Letitia G. Watts. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMost of the letters to her immediate family were written after her marriage and move to Welaunee, Florida, located near Tallahassee, except for several to her brother William Watts while he was away at the New London Academy, Campbell County, Virginia. Many of Mary Watts Gamble's letters are to her aunt, Mrs. Cary Breckinridge (Emma W. Gilmer), 1831-1838, and most of them were written prior to her marriage in 1834. All of her undated letters to her aunt appear to have been written before her marriage and are filed at the beginning of the year 1834 as [ante 1834]. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMary Watts Gamble at Flat Creek writes about the purchase of 34 enslaved persons by Uncle Gamble to prepare the ground for cotton. Her letters also describe her experiences of the conflicts with the Osceola and Seminole warriors in Florida (causing her to learn how to load and shoot a gun). She mentions the Second Seminole War in Florida. Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are details of her accounts of the interactions of the Seminoles  on women, children, and enslaved persons including one on the property of Judge Randall, including the burning of buildings in Magnolia and Hickstown and upon the home, family, and enslaved persons of Mrs. Purifoy, wife of a Methodist minister and daughter of Captain Byrd, just four miles away from Welaunee (April 13, 1838). She mentions the removal of the Apalachicola tribe to the West; the actions of Territorial Governor Richard Keith Call (1792-1862), and the Gambles forced evacuation from Welaunee to Tallahassee for safety. (May 9, 1836) They planned to sail on the Brig Orion from St. Marks to New Orleans, taking a steamboat to Louisville, and then proceeding by mail [coach?] to White Sulphur Springs, [West] Virginia (May 21, 1836). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eShe also mentions her disapproval of the plans of General [Winfield?] Scott for delaying the pursuit of the Seminole War to a later time. She writes about the recent Texas disasters at [the Alamo?] and the loss of [James Walker] Fannin's detachment at the Massacre at La Bahia (Goliad), including concern about the fate of her acquaintances Burr and John Duval. A website on the history of Texas records that Burr and Duval were captured and executed (April 24, 1836). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHer letters also include the health and news of famly members; her marriage to her cousin James Gamble; her attendance at three days of preaching at the Academy (May 19, 1832); the unpopularity of the Reverend [Gyng?] in Tallahasseethe family's concern for William and Robert over an outbreak of scarlet fever near New London Academy(January 12, 1833); and the illness and death of her grandfather, General James Breckinridge.   (May 15, 1833).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAdditional subjects include  attempts to persuade her her attempts to convince her brother James to begin his law practice in Tallahassee and comments about the presidential election.She describes the romantic affairs of her brother James; her illness and plans to recover in Virginia (May 15, 1837); her stay in St. Joseph [Bay?] for the summer because of her health, reading the works of Hannah More (1745-1833) while staying in St. Joseph, especially The History of Hester Wilmot and description of the area (July 30, 1838); her return to Tallahassee, and her husband's new store (October 22, 1838); and her stay in a boarding house near the store (December 15, 1838). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents in the folder of general correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families include: Robert Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters (March 20 and July 23, 1794; n.d.); John Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters, his lawsuit with Isaac Robinson, and a reference to the Whisky Rebellion at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania (August 19, 1794); William Breckinridge to James Breckinridge (September 1794); James Breckinridge to Ann Breckinridge discussing the sickness of Lewis and news about others of their acquaintance (January 24, 1819); James Breckinridge to Edward Watts mentions the James River bill and the death of Judge Fleming which left a vacancy on the court (February 22, 1824). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMary Page Randolph discusses her unexpected trip to Montpelier, Orange County, and Edgehill, Albemarle County, Virginia, with Thomas Jefferson Randolph, and sympathy for Mary S. Watts' \"late bereavement\" (July 22, 1833); Robert Gamble to Colonel Edward Watts discusses the visit of Mary Scott Watts and the death of his niece Laura (January 13, 1834); Edward Watts to his daughter, Elizabeth B. Watts, announcing the death of Mary Watts Gamble on May 22, 1840 (1840); Emma W. Breckinridge to her niece Letty [Letitia G. Watts?] (December 21, 1850); and John Wickham to James Breckinridge, notifying them of a death which has greatly distressed Betsy (August 14, n.y.). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are several letters from Nannie Gamble to her cousin, Letitia G. Watts, in which she describes her return visit from New York to Savannah, Georgia by ship (November 13, 1843) furnishes news of the family while in the mountains, near Abingdon, Virginia (January 20, 1845); expresses her sorrow at the news of the death of their friend, Lizzie Peyton, and describes the difficult journey home from Abingdon to Tallahassee which took five weeks (March 4, 1845); mentions the death of Lucy Gilmer (May 31, 1845); and a final letter from Nannie Gamble with a note written by Letitia on the bottom, \"The last letter ever received from my darling cousin N.S.G. who is now numbered with the dead\" (September 9, 1845). \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Watts family papers of Roanoke County, Virginia at \"Oaklands\" in Flat Creek, Campbell County) consist of correspondence and documents related to the American Revolution, the War of 1812, the United States Civil War, war with Osceola and Seminole tribes in Florida, Virginia politics, economic and social history (including enslavement),land ownership, farming, court cases and debt from 1786 to 1950 in southwest Virginia. The Watts are related to many other Virginia families including James and Dolley Madison. This collection represents a great view into historical and social events of the eighteenth and nineteenth century in Virginia.","The papers of this family of landowners, farmers, politicians, and attorneys portray the rich southern antebellum life on the Oaklands plantation. Despite the told and true characteristics of the kindness of the Watts family, they were nineteenth century southern plantation owners who owned hundreds of enslaved persons. The letters and receipts in the collection include many first names and some last names. One enslaved person, Henry Langhorne, a lifetime attendant of Colonel William Watts was bequeathed $1,000 and a home for life. ","Some letters mention the Watt's efforts to keep enslaved families from being separated by intervening in the sales of enslaved persons. There are many references to enslaved people among their households and farm, including descriptions of providing their clothing, housing, and nurturing them when they were sick, like family members. It is important to note that the collection also contains receipts for their purchase and loan. ","The issue of enslavement is discussed in local meetings that Watts attended. There are also letters from former enslaved persons such as [Malinda] Langhorne and William Langhorne to Watts family members and photographs of enslaved persons, Aunt Sally and Aunt Phoebe standing together, and a photograph of Uncle Lou with the Watts children. ","There is also correspondence about financial and legal matters as Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his father, General Edward Watts (1779-1859), were attorneys. Much of their correspondence relates to collecting debts, indentures, land surveys, receipts, and politics (Whig party, Commonwealth Attorney, Constitutional Convention, Virginia Delegates, and candidacy for Governor), and religion. The papers contain discussions about the popular faith of Presbyterians and Episcopalians). The University of Virginia, Washington \u0026 Lee, and William \u0026 Mary College are also mentioned.","The collection spans six generations of the Watts family including General Edward Watts and his wife Elizabeth Breckinridge (1794-1862), their son Colonel William Watts (1817-1877) and his wife Mary Jane Allen (1825-1855). Also included is their son, John Allen Watts and his wife Gertrude Lee. ","Other related families include Madison, Breckenridge, Allen, Jackson, Watson, Morris, Gamble, Payne, Washington, Meigs, and Saunders. (MSS 653) Other related collections include MSS 4111-a,-b,-c,-d,-e,-f; MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples..(see related materials note)","The papers of Mary Scott Watts Gamble have been combined into this collection. These letters contain her accounts of attacks by Osceola and Seminole people in Florida. She mentions that Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) ","Box 1 contains a folder of transcriptions for some of the collection letters and a folder of biographical information.","Letter dated 1819 mentions \"Joshua\" who rode Edward Watts' horse for him.","There are newspaper clippings about the Watts family. Included is a newspaper article, \"Number of Colored Residents Have Been Here for 50 Years,\" 28 January, 1934 about families in Roanoke that were enslaved 50 years earlier. Nettie Simms Calloway claims that her father, L. M. Simm, was owned by Colonel William Watts and that her great-grandmother was enslaved by General Edward Watts at Oaklands. Other family names of enslaved persons are named in the article. ","An obituary for Colonel William Watts mentions that a large group enslaved people were around him at his death including Henry Langhorne who had attended him during the war and throughout his life. Colonel Watts left him $1,000 in his will and a permanent home. ","There is an address by John Allen Watts and  newspaper clippings about the Watts family.","A. Indentures, deeds, plats, receipts, tax statements,petitions, and wills. B. Letters about debt collection. C.Stocks D. Receipt for goods and services for Watts family","[Leather Bound] Reverend Washington Erben and Reverend Clement Butler, Reverend Alfred Nevin, Gustave Dore\nErben, Washington; Butler, Clement, Nevin, Alfred; Dore, Gustave [Illustrator]\nPublished by John E. Potter and Company, 1880","Autographed Elizabeth Watts, with date January 1817. Written note \"December 29, [1846] I commenced.\" Paste down on inside front cover, obituary of General Edward Watts, August 9, 1859.","This series consists of the correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families, ca.1794-1850, but chiefly that of Mary Scott Watts Gamble (1814-1840)daughter of General Edward Watts. The name has been changed to Watts family papers as of March 2023. There are many related collections of the Watts family papers. MSS 38-33 Irvine, Saunders, Davis, and Watts families (William Watts daybooks 1768-1786); MSS 259; MSS 653; and MSS 9715 Abram Penn Staples.","Mary Gamble wrote to her aunt, Emma W. Breckinridge, Grove Hill, Fincastle, Botetourt County, Virginia; her mother, Elizabeth Breckinridge Watts and her father, General Edward Watts, Oakland, near Big Lick, Botetourt County, Virginia; her brothers, William and James B. Watts; and her sisters, Ann S. Watts and Letitia G. Watts. ","Most of the letters to her immediate family were written after her marriage and move to Welaunee, Florida, located near Tallahassee, except for several to her brother William Watts while he was away at the New London Academy, Campbell County, Virginia. Many of Mary Watts Gamble's letters are to her aunt, Mrs. Cary Breckinridge (Emma W. Gilmer), 1831-1838, and most of them were written prior to her marriage in 1834. All of her undated letters to her aunt appear to have been written before her marriage and are filed at the beginning of the year 1834 as [ante 1834]. ","Mary Watts Gamble at Flat Creek writes about the purchase of 34 enslaved persons by Uncle Gamble to prepare the ground for cotton. Her letters also describe her experiences of the conflicts with the Osceola and Seminole warriors in Florida (causing her to learn how to load and shoot a gun). She mentions the Second Seminole War in Florida. Robert [Watts?] and Robert Gamble joined the local militia to remove the Seminoles from the swamps and send them out West. (1835) ","There are details of her accounts of the interactions of the Seminoles  on women, children, and enslaved persons including one on the property of Judge Randall, including the burning of buildings in Magnolia and Hickstown and upon the home, family, and enslaved persons of Mrs. Purifoy, wife of a Methodist minister and daughter of Captain Byrd, just four miles away from Welaunee (April 13, 1838). She mentions the removal of the Apalachicola tribe to the West; the actions of Territorial Governor Richard Keith Call (1792-1862), and the Gambles forced evacuation from Welaunee to Tallahassee for safety. (May 9, 1836) They planned to sail on the Brig Orion from St. Marks to New Orleans, taking a steamboat to Louisville, and then proceeding by mail [coach?] to White Sulphur Springs, [West] Virginia (May 21, 1836). ","She also mentions her disapproval of the plans of General [Winfield?] Scott for delaying the pursuit of the Seminole War to a later time. She writes about the recent Texas disasters at [the Alamo?] and the loss of [James Walker] Fannin's detachment at the Massacre at La Bahia (Goliad), including concern about the fate of her acquaintances Burr and John Duval. A website on the history of Texas records that Burr and Duval were captured and executed (April 24, 1836). ","Her letters also include the health and news of famly members; her marriage to her cousin James Gamble; her attendance at three days of preaching at the Academy (May 19, 1832); the unpopularity of the Reverend [Gyng?] in Tallahasseethe family's concern for William and Robert over an outbreak of scarlet fever near New London Academy(January 12, 1833); and the illness and death of her grandfather, General James Breckinridge.   (May 15, 1833).","\nAdditional subjects include  attempts to persuade her her attempts to convince her brother James to begin his law practice in Tallahassee and comments about the presidential election.She describes the romantic affairs of her brother James; her illness and plans to recover in Virginia (May 15, 1837); her stay in St. Joseph [Bay?] for the summer because of her health, reading the works of Hannah More (1745-1833) while staying in St. Joseph, especially The History of Hester Wilmot and description of the area (July 30, 1838); her return to Tallahassee, and her husband's new store (October 22, 1838); and her stay in a boarding house near the store (December 15, 1838). ","Correspondents in the folder of general correspondence of the Breckinridge, Gamble, and Watts families include: Robert Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters (March 20 and July 23, 1794; n.d.); John Breckinridge to James Breckinridge concerning business matters, his lawsuit with Isaac Robinson, and a reference to the Whisky Rebellion at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania (August 19, 1794); William Breckinridge to James Breckinridge (September 1794); James Breckinridge to Ann Breckinridge discussing the sickness of Lewis and news about others of their acquaintance (January 24, 1819); James Breckinridge to Edward Watts mentions the James River bill and the death of Judge Fleming which left a vacancy on the court (February 22, 1824). ","Mary Page Randolph discusses her unexpected trip to Montpelier, Orange County, and Edgehill, Albemarle County, Virginia, with Thomas Jefferson Randolph, and sympathy for Mary S. Watts' \"late bereavement\" (July 22, 1833); Robert Gamble to Colonel Edward Watts discusses the visit of Mary Scott Watts and the death of his niece Laura (January 13, 1834); Edward Watts to his daughter, Elizabeth B. Watts, announcing the death of Mary Watts Gamble on May 22, 1840 (1840); Emma W. Breckinridge to her niece Letty [Letitia G. Watts?] (December 21, 1850); and John Wickham to James Breckinridge, notifying them of a death which has greatly distressed Betsy (August 14, n.y.). ","There are several letters from Nannie Gamble to her cousin, Letitia G. Watts, in which she describes her return visit from New York to Savannah, Georgia by ship (November 13, 1843) furnishes news of the family while in the mountains, near Abingdon, Virginia (January 20, 1845); expresses her sorrow at the news of the death of their friend, Lizzie Peyton, and describes the difficult journey home from Abingdon to Tallahassee which took five weeks (March 4, 1845); mentions the death of Lucy Gilmer (May 31, 1845); and a final letter from Nannie Gamble with a note written by Letitia on the bottom, \"The last letter ever received from my darling cousin N.S.G. who is now numbered with the dead\" (September 9, 1845). "],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":281,"online_item_count_is":1,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-09T07:08:45.006Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1396_c04_c05_c13"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2631","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Wayne Perkins Collection,","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2631#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Collection of records, memorabilia, and photographs relating to a number of North American railroads but concentrating mostly the Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway. Also includes papers of various Southwest Virginia families and a small set of personal papers.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2631#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2631","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2631","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2631","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2631","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2631.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Perkins, Wayne Collection","title_ssm":["Wayne Perkins Collection,"],"title_tesim":["Wayne Perkins Collection,"],"unitdate_ssm":["1835-1996"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1835-1996"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2010.078"],"text":["Ms.2010.078","Wayne Perkins Collection,","Railroad","2.6 cu. ft. 8 boxes, 1 oversize folder","Collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged in four series:","Series I. Railroads and Associated Companies, 1835-1986. This series contains materials acquired by Perkins through his general interest in railroad history. The materials have no clear focus, though Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway materials comprise a large portion of the series. Included are a wide array of materials, including train passes, timetables, printed materials, business forms, legislative acts, train orders, company histories, ephemera and memorabilia. Of particular interest, perhaps, are an 1835 invitation to the opening of the Norwich and Worcester Railroad and an 1840 letter from the Bank Stock Railroad asking an unidentified minister to promote the railroad in his sermons. Also included in this series is a collection of dinner menus from several railroads, printed materials relating to the rail industry, and a set of souvenir buttons bearing railroad logos. This series is arranged alphabetically by business name, then by document type.","Series II. Individuals, Families and Businesses, 1881-1953. This series contains the papers of various people and companies apparently not directly connected to railroads but accumulated by Perkins in the course of pursuing his hobby. Included among the many disparate materials in the series are expense account records of F. W. Hawks, a cartographer working in Ohio. Also within the series are several pieces of correspondence between Robert L. Humphrey of Galax, Virginia and his sisters Mamie and Belle, together with some other Humphrey family-related papers. Also prevalent within the series are a number of bills of lading issued to G. W. Plumer, a Massachusetts merchant, and a set of telegrams between members of the Snidow-Dixon family in West Virginia and Southwest Virginia. A few freight bills issued to General G. C. Wharton may also be found in this series. Arranged alphabetically by surname.","Series III. Personal Papers, 1957-1996. Included in this small series are materials that relate to Perkins' personal life, though most of them are also connected to his hobbies. The series contains a folder relating to various railroad enthusiast organizations of which Perkins was a member and a folder relating to model railroading, including instructions, advertising matter, and other printed material. A very small selection of personal materials completes the collection and includes letters and ephemera, with some items relating to a George Wythe High School class of 1966 reunion. Arranged by subject matter. ","Series IV. Photographs and Postcards, 1887-1987. This series contains images collected and created by Perkins and is devoted almost entirely to railroad-related subjects, including locomotives and other rolling stock; structures; and scenery. The series is divided into two subseries: ","Subseries A. Photographs, 1887-1976. While a few of the images in this subseries seem to have been created by Perkins, and the creator of others is unknown, most of the photos are attributed to others. Included among these are significant collections from photographers C. W. Jernstrom and Harold K. Vollrath. As with the materials in Series I, the photos span subjects throughout North America, though there is a focus on the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway. Included at the end of the photographs is a set of promotional photos for the Bendix-Feragen automobile frame-straightening system and a machine-pen autographed photo of Charles A. Lindbergh with his mother and the \"Spirit of St. Louis.\" The railroad images are arranged by name of photographer, then by subject. Non-railroad images are grouped at the end of the subseries. ","Subseries B. Postcards, [1906?]-1987. This subseries contains postcards collected by Perkins. While some have never been used, several of the older postcards include names and messages. Included at the end of the subseries are postcards depicting World War II-era combat aircraft and scenes from the southwestern United States. Railroad images are arranged alphabetically by company name, with non-railroad items grouped at the end of the subseries.","Merrill Wayne Perkins, the son of Eli W. and Ethel Fielder Perkins, was born in Wythe County, Virginia in 1947. He married Elizabeth Williams and graduated with a degree in pharmacy from Virginia Commmonwealth University in 1971. He returned to Wythe County, working as a pharmacist in Wytheville. Among his personal activities, Perkins maintained memberships in the Wythe County Historical Society and the Train Collectors Association. Wayne Perkins died in Winston-Salem, North Carolina in 2004.","[3 items]","[8 items]","[see Oversize Materials]","[see Oversize Materials]","[see Oversize Materials]","[see Oversize Materials]","[2 folders]","[2 copies]","[3 items]","[2 copies]","[10 items]","[2 items]","[16 items]","[2 copies]","[2 copies]","[2 copies]","[2 items]","[6 items]","[2 folders]","[3 items]","[2 items]","[see Oversize Materials]","[2 items]","[photocopy]","[2 folders]","[2 copies]","[5 items]","[2 items]","[2 items]","[2 copies]","[reproduction]","[23 items]","[2 folders]","[2 items]","[2 items]","[2 items]","[2 items]","[2 items]","[2 items]","[3 items]","[2 items]","[2 items]","[2 items]","[3 items]","[2 items]","[2 items]","[2 copies]","[2 items]","[3 items]","[2 copies]","[2 copies]","[2 items]","[2 items]","[3 items]","[2 items]","[2 items]","[2 copies]","[3 items]","[2 items]","[2 copies]","[2 copies]","[2 items]","[3 items]","[3 items]","[7 items]","[2 items]","[3 items]","[2 items]","[8 items]","[3 items]","[18 items]","[2 items]","[2 items]","[3 items]","[6 items]","[15 items]","[2 items]","[3 folders]","[5 items]","[2 items]","[12 items]","[3 items]","[14 items; negatives only]","[24 items]","[includes auto-pen reproduced signature]","[2 copies]","[2 copies]","[2 copies]","[2 copies]","[3 items, including 1 large format]","[2 items]","[2 copies]","[2 copies]","[2 copies]","[9 items]","[photostatic copy]","[16 items]","[photograph by Bryant of Cliffview, Virginia]","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Wayne Perkins Collection commenced in October 2010 and was completed in December 2010. ","The materials in this collection were part of a larger collection, which had been purchased in two accruals. The first accrual, purchased in 2008, was ultimately divided among several collections. Materials that were determined to relate specifically to the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway, its predecessors and affiliates were processed as the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway and Associated Companies Collection (Ms2009-037). The personal and working papers of Chapman J. French, a civil engineer employed by the company, were easily distinguishable and were processed as the Chapman J. French Papers (Ms2009-034). Materials that did not relate in any way to the N\u0026W were separated into the following individual collections:","Mine Hill \u0026 Schuylkill Haven Railroad Stock Certificates (Ms2009-035) New River Mineral Company Stock Certificate (Ms2009-036) Philadelphia \u0026 Reading Railroad Receipts (Ms2009-038) Raleigh Coal \u0026 Coke Company Rail Spur Drawing (Ms2009-039) Reed Island Iron Company Receipts (Ms2009-040) Rock Island Lines Insurance Booklet (Ms2009-041) Sullivan Railroad Company Stock Certificate (Ms2009-042) Tennessee, Alabama \u0026 Georgia Railroad Annual Report (Ms2009-043) Tennessee, Alabama \u0026 Georgia Railway Annual Report (Ms2009-044) Thomas Wood and Company Freight Records (Ms2009-045) Virginia Iron, Coal and Coke Company Receipts (Ms2009-046)","Much of the 2009 accrual was likewise divided between the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway and Associated Companies Collection and the Chapman J. French Papers. In examining the second accrual, however, it became clear that the materials had been accumulated by a single collector, and so materials that were unrelated to the N\u0026W (together with materials that related to the N\u0026W but were not company records) were processed as the Wayne Perkins Collection.","This collection contains materials--mostly railroad-related--compiled by Wayne Perkins, a Wytheville, Virginia pharmacist and railroad enthusiast. The collection contains a wide array of materials--including business records, memorabilia and photographs--relating to a number of North American railroads. Significant among the materials are several items relating to early 19th-century railroads.  The collection concentrates largely on the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway, including ephemera produced by the company and materials produced by others about the company. The collection also includes assorted papers relating to various individuals and families (most from southwestern Virginia), apparently accumulated by Perkins in the course of collecting railroad materials. Also included are files relating to Perkins' involvement with various railroad enthusiast organizations, his model train hobby, and assorted personal papers.","The following books were removed from the collection to be cataloged for the Rare Book Collection:","Burns, Robert E. and Stuart T. Saunders.  The Inseparable Partnership: Education and Industry.  New York: Newcomen Society, 1966.","Pettengill, Samuel Barrett.  What Henry Ford Taught America.  New York: America's Future, 1947.","The following map was removed from the collection and added to the Historical Maps Collection:","\"Map of Roanoke County, Virginia, Compiled from Actual Surveys, Land Maps, and Data furnished by the Appalachian Electric Power Co., Virginia State Highway Dept., Norfolk \u0026 Western R.R., Virginian Railway\"   [C. B. Malcolm?], 1942. ","Permission to publish material from Wayne Perkins Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.  Photographs in Series IV which are attributed to a specific photographer may not be published without permission of the holder of rights to the image.","Collection of records, memorabilia, and photographs relating to a number of North American railroads but concentrating mostly the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway. Also includes papers of various Southwest Virginia families and a small set of personal papers.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2010.078"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wayne Perkins Collection,"],"collection_title_tesim":["Wayne Perkins Collection,"],"collection_ssim":["Wayne Perkins Collection,"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish material from Wayne Perkins Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.  Photographs in Series IV which are attributed to a specific photographer may not be published without permission of the holder of rights to the image."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Wayne Perkins Collection was purchased by Special Collections in 2009."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Railroad"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Railroad"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["2.6 cu. ft. 8 boxes, 1 oversize folder"],"extent_ssm":["2.6 Cubic Feet 8 boxes; 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["2.6 Cubic Feet 8 boxes; 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in four series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Railroads and Associated Companies, 1835-1986. This series contains materials acquired by Perkins through his general interest in railroad history. The materials have no clear focus, though Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway materials comprise a large portion of the series. Included are a wide array of materials, including train passes, timetables, printed materials, business forms, legislative acts, train orders, company histories, ephemera and memorabilia. Of particular interest, perhaps, are an 1835 invitation to the opening of the Norwich and Worcester Railroad and an 1840 letter from the Bank Stock Railroad asking an unidentified minister to promote the railroad in his sermons. Also included in this series is a collection of dinner menus from several railroads, printed materials relating to the rail industry, and a set of souvenir buttons bearing railroad logos. This series is arranged alphabetically by business name, then by document type.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Individuals, Families and Businesses, 1881-1953. This series contains the papers of various people and companies apparently not directly connected to railroads but accumulated by Perkins in the course of pursuing his hobby. Included among the many disparate materials in the series are expense account records of F. W. Hawks, a cartographer working in Ohio. Also within the series are several pieces of correspondence between Robert L. Humphrey of Galax, Virginia and his sisters Mamie and Belle, together with some other Humphrey family-related papers. Also prevalent within the series are a number of bills of lading issued to G. W. Plumer, a Massachusetts merchant, and a set of telegrams between members of the Snidow-Dixon family in West Virginia and Southwest Virginia. A few freight bills issued to General G. C. Wharton may also be found in this series. Arranged alphabetically by surname.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Personal Papers, 1957-1996. Included in this small series are materials that relate to Perkins' personal life, though most of them are also connected to his hobbies. The series contains a folder relating to various railroad enthusiast organizations of which Perkins was a member and a folder relating to model railroading, including instructions, advertising matter, and other printed material. A very small selection of personal materials completes the collection and includes letters and ephemera, with some items relating to a George Wythe High School class of 1966 reunion. Arranged by subject matter. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Photographs and Postcards, 1887-1987. This series contains images collected and created by Perkins and is devoted almost entirely to railroad-related subjects, including locomotives and other rolling stock; structures; and scenery. The series is divided into two subseries: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A. Photographs, 1887-1976. While a few of the images in this subseries seem to have been created by Perkins, and the creator of others is unknown, most of the photos are attributed to others. Included among these are significant collections from photographers C. W. Jernstrom and Harold K. Vollrath. As with the materials in Series I, the photos span subjects throughout North America, though there is a focus on the Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway. Included at the end of the photographs is a set of promotional photos for the Bendix-Feragen automobile frame-straightening system and a machine-pen autographed photo of Charles A. Lindbergh with his mother and the \"Spirit of St. Louis.\" The railroad images are arranged by name of photographer, then by subject. Non-railroad images are grouped at the end of the subseries. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B. Postcards, [1906?]-1987. This subseries contains postcards collected by Perkins. While some have never been used, several of the older postcards include names and messages. Included at the end of the subseries are postcards depicting World War II-era combat aircraft and scenes from the southwestern United States. Railroad images are arranged alphabetically by company name, with non-railroad items grouped at the end of the subseries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in four series:","Series I. Railroads and Associated Companies, 1835-1986. This series contains materials acquired by Perkins through his general interest in railroad history. The materials have no clear focus, though Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway materials comprise a large portion of the series. Included are a wide array of materials, including train passes, timetables, printed materials, business forms, legislative acts, train orders, company histories, ephemera and memorabilia. Of particular interest, perhaps, are an 1835 invitation to the opening of the Norwich and Worcester Railroad and an 1840 letter from the Bank Stock Railroad asking an unidentified minister to promote the railroad in his sermons. Also included in this series is a collection of dinner menus from several railroads, printed materials relating to the rail industry, and a set of souvenir buttons bearing railroad logos. This series is arranged alphabetically by business name, then by document type.","Series II. Individuals, Families and Businesses, 1881-1953. This series contains the papers of various people and companies apparently not directly connected to railroads but accumulated by Perkins in the course of pursuing his hobby. Included among the many disparate materials in the series are expense account records of F. W. Hawks, a cartographer working in Ohio. Also within the series are several pieces of correspondence between Robert L. Humphrey of Galax, Virginia and his sisters Mamie and Belle, together with some other Humphrey family-related papers. Also prevalent within the series are a number of bills of lading issued to G. W. Plumer, a Massachusetts merchant, and a set of telegrams between members of the Snidow-Dixon family in West Virginia and Southwest Virginia. A few freight bills issued to General G. C. Wharton may also be found in this series. Arranged alphabetically by surname.","Series III. Personal Papers, 1957-1996. Included in this small series are materials that relate to Perkins' personal life, though most of them are also connected to his hobbies. The series contains a folder relating to various railroad enthusiast organizations of which Perkins was a member and a folder relating to model railroading, including instructions, advertising matter, and other printed material. A very small selection of personal materials completes the collection and includes letters and ephemera, with some items relating to a George Wythe High School class of 1966 reunion. Arranged by subject matter. ","Series IV. Photographs and Postcards, 1887-1987. This series contains images collected and created by Perkins and is devoted almost entirely to railroad-related subjects, including locomotives and other rolling stock; structures; and scenery. The series is divided into two subseries: ","Subseries A. Photographs, 1887-1976. While a few of the images in this subseries seem to have been created by Perkins, and the creator of others is unknown, most of the photos are attributed to others. Included among these are significant collections from photographers C. W. Jernstrom and Harold K. Vollrath. As with the materials in Series I, the photos span subjects throughout North America, though there is a focus on the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway. Included at the end of the photographs is a set of promotional photos for the Bendix-Feragen automobile frame-straightening system and a machine-pen autographed photo of Charles A. Lindbergh with his mother and the \"Spirit of St. Louis.\" The railroad images are arranged by name of photographer, then by subject. Non-railroad images are grouped at the end of the subseries. ","Subseries B. Postcards, [1906?]-1987. This subseries contains postcards collected by Perkins. While some have never been used, several of the older postcards include names and messages. Included at the end of the subseries are postcards depicting World War II-era combat aircraft and scenes from the southwestern United States. Railroad images are arranged alphabetically by company name, with non-railroad items grouped at the end of the subseries."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMerrill Wayne Perkins, the son of Eli W. and Ethel Fielder Perkins, was born in Wythe County, Virginia in 1947. He married Elizabeth Williams and graduated with a degree in pharmacy from Virginia Commmonwealth University in 1971. He returned to Wythe County, working as a pharmacist in Wytheville. Among his personal activities, Perkins maintained memberships in the Wythe County Historical Society and the Train Collectors Association. Wayne Perkins died in Winston-Salem, North Carolina in 2004.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Merrill Wayne Perkins, the son of Eli W. and Ethel Fielder Perkins, was born in Wythe County, Virginia in 1947. He married Elizabeth Williams and graduated with a degree in pharmacy from Virginia Commmonwealth University in 1971. He returned to Wythe County, working as a pharmacist in Wytheville. Among his personal activities, Perkins maintained memberships in the Wythe County Historical Society and the Train Collectors Association. 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Cliffview, Virginia]"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Wayne Perkins Collection, Ms2010-078, Special Collections, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Wayne Perkins Collection, Ms2010-078, Special Collections, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Wayne Perkins Collection commenced in October 2010 and was completed in December 2010. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe materials in this collection were part of a larger collection, which had been purchased in two accruals. The first accrual, purchased in 2008, was ultimately divided among several collections. Materials that were determined to relate specifically to the Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway, its predecessors and affiliates were processed as the Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway and Associated Companies Collection (Ms2009-037). The personal and working papers of Chapman J. French, a civil engineer employed by the company, were easily distinguishable and were processed as the Chapman J. French Papers (Ms2009-034). Materials that did not relate in any way to the N\u0026amp;W were separated into the following individual collections:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMine Hill \u0026amp; Schuylkill Haven Railroad Stock Certificates (Ms2009-035)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eNew River Mineral Company Stock Certificate (Ms2009-036)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePhiladelphia \u0026amp; Reading Railroad Receipts (Ms2009-038)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eRaleigh Coal \u0026amp; Coke Company Rail Spur Drawing (Ms2009-039)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eReed Island Iron Company Receipts (Ms2009-040)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eRock Island Lines Insurance Booklet (Ms2009-041)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSullivan Railroad Company Stock Certificate (Ms2009-042)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eTennessee, Alabama \u0026amp; Georgia Railroad Annual Report (Ms2009-043)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eTennessee, Alabama \u0026amp; Georgia Railway Annual Report (Ms2009-044)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eThomas Wood and Company Freight Records (Ms2009-045)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eVirginia Iron, Coal and Coke Company Receipts (Ms2009-046)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMuch of the 2009 accrual was likewise divided between the Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway and Associated Companies Collection and the Chapman J. French Papers. In examining the second accrual, however, it became clear that the materials had been accumulated by a single collector, and so materials that were unrelated to the N\u0026amp;W (together with materials that related to the N\u0026amp;W but were not company records) were processed as the Wayne Perkins Collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Wayne Perkins Collection commenced in October 2010 and was completed in December 2010. ","The materials in this collection were part of a larger collection, which had been purchased in two accruals. The first accrual, purchased in 2008, was ultimately divided among several collections. Materials that were determined to relate specifically to the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway, its predecessors and affiliates were processed as the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway and Associated Companies Collection (Ms2009-037). The personal and working papers of Chapman J. French, a civil engineer employed by the company, were easily distinguishable and were processed as the Chapman J. French Papers (Ms2009-034). Materials that did not relate in any way to the N\u0026W were separated into the following individual collections:","Mine Hill \u0026 Schuylkill Haven Railroad Stock Certificates (Ms2009-035) New River Mineral Company Stock Certificate (Ms2009-036) Philadelphia \u0026 Reading Railroad Receipts (Ms2009-038) Raleigh Coal \u0026 Coke Company Rail Spur Drawing (Ms2009-039) Reed Island Iron Company Receipts (Ms2009-040) Rock Island Lines Insurance Booklet (Ms2009-041) Sullivan Railroad Company Stock Certificate (Ms2009-042) Tennessee, Alabama \u0026 Georgia Railroad Annual Report (Ms2009-043) Tennessee, Alabama \u0026 Georgia Railway Annual Report (Ms2009-044) Thomas Wood and Company Freight Records (Ms2009-045) Virginia Iron, Coal and Coke Company Receipts (Ms2009-046)","Much of the 2009 accrual was likewise divided between the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway and Associated Companies Collection and the Chapman J. French Papers. In examining the second accrual, however, it became clear that the materials had been accumulated by a single collector, and so materials that were unrelated to the N\u0026W (together with materials that related to the N\u0026W but were not company records) were processed as the Wayne Perkins Collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains materials--mostly railroad-related--compiled by Wayne Perkins, a Wytheville, Virginia pharmacist and railroad enthusiast. The collection contains a wide array of materials--including business records, memorabilia and photographs--relating to a number of North American railroads. Significant among the materials are several items relating to early 19th-century railroads.  The collection concentrates largely on the Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway, including ephemera produced by the company and materials produced by others about the company. The collection also includes assorted papers relating to various individuals and families (most from southwestern Virginia), apparently accumulated by Perkins in the course of collecting railroad materials. Also included are files relating to Perkins' involvement with various railroad enthusiast organizations, his model train hobby, and assorted personal papers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains materials--mostly railroad-related--compiled by Wayne Perkins, a Wytheville, Virginia pharmacist and railroad enthusiast. The collection contains a wide array of materials--including business records, memorabilia and photographs--relating to a number of North American railroads. Significant among the materials are several items relating to early 19th-century railroads.  The collection concentrates largely on the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway, including ephemera produced by the company and materials produced by others about the company. The collection also includes assorted papers relating to various individuals and families (most from southwestern Virginia), apparently accumulated by Perkins in the course of collecting railroad materials. Also included are files relating to Perkins' involvement with various railroad enthusiast organizations, his model train hobby, and assorted personal papers."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following books were removed from the collection to be cataloged for the Rare Book Collection:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBurns, Robert E. and Stuart T. Saunders. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Inseparable Partnership: Education and Industry.\u003c/title\u003e New York: Newcomen Society, 1966.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePettengill, Samuel Barrett. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eWhat Henry Ford Taught America.\u003c/title\u003e New York: America's Future, 1947.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe following map was removed from the collection and added to the Historical Maps Collection:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Map of Roanoke County, Virginia, Compiled from Actual Surveys, Land Maps, and Data furnished by the Appalachian Electric Power Co., Virginia State Highway Dept., Norfolk \u0026amp; Western R.R., Virginian Railway\"   [C. B. Malcolm?], 1942. \u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following books were removed from the collection to be cataloged for the Rare Book Collection:","Burns, Robert E. and Stuart T. Saunders.  The Inseparable Partnership: Education and Industry.  New York: Newcomen Society, 1966.","Pettengill, Samuel Barrett.  What Henry Ford Taught America.  New York: America's Future, 1947.","The following map was removed from the collection and added to the Historical Maps Collection:","\"Map of Roanoke County, Virginia, Compiled from Actual Surveys, Land Maps, and Data furnished by the Appalachian Electric Power Co., Virginia State Highway Dept., Norfolk \u0026 Western R.R., Virginian Railway\"   [C. B. Malcolm?], 1942. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish material from Wayne Perkins Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePhotographs in Series IV which are attributed to a specific photographer may not be published without permission of the holder of rights to the image.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish material from Wayne Perkins Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.  Photographs in Series IV which are attributed to a specific photographer may not be published without permission of the holder of rights to the image."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_04d1b283efadadc5af7999a6b400aae6\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eCollection of records, memorabilia, and photographs relating to a number of North American railroads but concentrating mostly the Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway. Also includes papers of various Southwest Virginia families and a small set of personal papers.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Collection of records, memorabilia, and photographs relating to a number of North American railroads but concentrating mostly the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway. Also includes papers of various Southwest Virginia families and a small set of personal papers."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":843,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:29:15.127Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2631","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2631","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2631","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2631","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2631.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Perkins, Wayne Collection","title_ssm":["Wayne Perkins Collection,"],"title_tesim":["Wayne Perkins Collection,"],"unitdate_ssm":["1835-1996"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1835-1996"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2010.078"],"text":["Ms.2010.078","Wayne Perkins Collection,","Railroad","2.6 cu. ft. 8 boxes, 1 oversize folder","Collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged in four series:","Series I. Railroads and Associated Companies, 1835-1986. This series contains materials acquired by Perkins through his general interest in railroad history. The materials have no clear focus, though Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway materials comprise a large portion of the series. Included are a wide array of materials, including train passes, timetables, printed materials, business forms, legislative acts, train orders, company histories, ephemera and memorabilia. Of particular interest, perhaps, are an 1835 invitation to the opening of the Norwich and Worcester Railroad and an 1840 letter from the Bank Stock Railroad asking an unidentified minister to promote the railroad in his sermons. Also included in this series is a collection of dinner menus from several railroads, printed materials relating to the rail industry, and a set of souvenir buttons bearing railroad logos. This series is arranged alphabetically by business name, then by document type.","Series II. Individuals, Families and Businesses, 1881-1953. This series contains the papers of various people and companies apparently not directly connected to railroads but accumulated by Perkins in the course of pursuing his hobby. Included among the many disparate materials in the series are expense account records of F. W. Hawks, a cartographer working in Ohio. Also within the series are several pieces of correspondence between Robert L. Humphrey of Galax, Virginia and his sisters Mamie and Belle, together with some other Humphrey family-related papers. Also prevalent within the series are a number of bills of lading issued to G. W. Plumer, a Massachusetts merchant, and a set of telegrams between members of the Snidow-Dixon family in West Virginia and Southwest Virginia. A few freight bills issued to General G. C. Wharton may also be found in this series. Arranged alphabetically by surname.","Series III. Personal Papers, 1957-1996. Included in this small series are materials that relate to Perkins' personal life, though most of them are also connected to his hobbies. The series contains a folder relating to various railroad enthusiast organizations of which Perkins was a member and a folder relating to model railroading, including instructions, advertising matter, and other printed material. A very small selection of personal materials completes the collection and includes letters and ephemera, with some items relating to a George Wythe High School class of 1966 reunion. Arranged by subject matter. ","Series IV. Photographs and Postcards, 1887-1987. This series contains images collected and created by Perkins and is devoted almost entirely to railroad-related subjects, including locomotives and other rolling stock; structures; and scenery. The series is divided into two subseries: ","Subseries A. Photographs, 1887-1976. While a few of the images in this subseries seem to have been created by Perkins, and the creator of others is unknown, most of the photos are attributed to others. Included among these are significant collections from photographers C. W. Jernstrom and Harold K. Vollrath. As with the materials in Series I, the photos span subjects throughout North America, though there is a focus on the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway. Included at the end of the photographs is a set of promotional photos for the Bendix-Feragen automobile frame-straightening system and a machine-pen autographed photo of Charles A. Lindbergh with his mother and the \"Spirit of St. Louis.\" The railroad images are arranged by name of photographer, then by subject. Non-railroad images are grouped at the end of the subseries. ","Subseries B. Postcards, [1906?]-1987. This subseries contains postcards collected by Perkins. While some have never been used, several of the older postcards include names and messages. Included at the end of the subseries are postcards depicting World War II-era combat aircraft and scenes from the southwestern United States. Railroad images are arranged alphabetically by company name, with non-railroad items grouped at the end of the subseries.","Merrill Wayne Perkins, the son of Eli W. and Ethel Fielder Perkins, was born in Wythe County, Virginia in 1947. He married Elizabeth Williams and graduated with a degree in pharmacy from Virginia Commmonwealth University in 1971. He returned to Wythe County, working as a pharmacist in Wytheville. Among his personal activities, Perkins maintained memberships in the Wythe County Historical Society and the Train Collectors Association. Wayne Perkins died in Winston-Salem, North Carolina in 2004.","[3 items]","[8 items]","[see Oversize Materials]","[see Oversize Materials]","[see Oversize Materials]","[see Oversize Materials]","[2 folders]","[2 copies]","[3 items]","[2 copies]","[10 items]","[2 items]","[16 items]","[2 copies]","[2 copies]","[2 copies]","[2 items]","[6 items]","[2 folders]","[3 items]","[2 items]","[see Oversize Materials]","[2 items]","[photocopy]","[2 folders]","[2 copies]","[5 items]","[2 items]","[2 items]","[2 copies]","[reproduction]","[23 items]","[2 folders]","[2 items]","[2 items]","[2 items]","[2 items]","[2 items]","[2 items]","[3 items]","[2 items]","[2 items]","[2 items]","[3 items]","[2 items]","[2 items]","[2 copies]","[2 items]","[3 items]","[2 copies]","[2 copies]","[2 items]","[2 items]","[3 items]","[2 items]","[2 items]","[2 copies]","[3 items]","[2 items]","[2 copies]","[2 copies]","[2 items]","[3 items]","[3 items]","[7 items]","[2 items]","[3 items]","[2 items]","[8 items]","[3 items]","[18 items]","[2 items]","[2 items]","[3 items]","[6 items]","[15 items]","[2 items]","[3 folders]","[5 items]","[2 items]","[12 items]","[3 items]","[14 items; negatives only]","[24 items]","[includes auto-pen reproduced signature]","[2 copies]","[2 copies]","[2 copies]","[2 copies]","[3 items, including 1 large format]","[2 items]","[2 copies]","[2 copies]","[2 copies]","[9 items]","[photostatic copy]","[16 items]","[photograph by Bryant of Cliffview, Virginia]","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Wayne Perkins Collection commenced in October 2010 and was completed in December 2010. ","The materials in this collection were part of a larger collection, which had been purchased in two accruals. The first accrual, purchased in 2008, was ultimately divided among several collections. Materials that were determined to relate specifically to the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway, its predecessors and affiliates were processed as the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway and Associated Companies Collection (Ms2009-037). The personal and working papers of Chapman J. French, a civil engineer employed by the company, were easily distinguishable and were processed as the Chapman J. French Papers (Ms2009-034). Materials that did not relate in any way to the N\u0026W were separated into the following individual collections:","Mine Hill \u0026 Schuylkill Haven Railroad Stock Certificates (Ms2009-035) New River Mineral Company Stock Certificate (Ms2009-036) Philadelphia \u0026 Reading Railroad Receipts (Ms2009-038) Raleigh Coal \u0026 Coke Company Rail Spur Drawing (Ms2009-039) Reed Island Iron Company Receipts (Ms2009-040) Rock Island Lines Insurance Booklet (Ms2009-041) Sullivan Railroad Company Stock Certificate (Ms2009-042) Tennessee, Alabama \u0026 Georgia Railroad Annual Report (Ms2009-043) Tennessee, Alabama \u0026 Georgia Railway Annual Report (Ms2009-044) Thomas Wood and Company Freight Records (Ms2009-045) Virginia Iron, Coal and Coke Company Receipts (Ms2009-046)","Much of the 2009 accrual was likewise divided between the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway and Associated Companies Collection and the Chapman J. French Papers. In examining the second accrual, however, it became clear that the materials had been accumulated by a single collector, and so materials that were unrelated to the N\u0026W (together with materials that related to the N\u0026W but were not company records) were processed as the Wayne Perkins Collection.","This collection contains materials--mostly railroad-related--compiled by Wayne Perkins, a Wytheville, Virginia pharmacist and railroad enthusiast. The collection contains a wide array of materials--including business records, memorabilia and photographs--relating to a number of North American railroads. Significant among the materials are several items relating to early 19th-century railroads.  The collection concentrates largely on the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway, including ephemera produced by the company and materials produced by others about the company. The collection also includes assorted papers relating to various individuals and families (most from southwestern Virginia), apparently accumulated by Perkins in the course of collecting railroad materials. Also included are files relating to Perkins' involvement with various railroad enthusiast organizations, his model train hobby, and assorted personal papers.","The following books were removed from the collection to be cataloged for the Rare Book Collection:","Burns, Robert E. and Stuart T. Saunders.  The Inseparable Partnership: Education and Industry.  New York: Newcomen Society, 1966.","Pettengill, Samuel Barrett.  What Henry Ford Taught America.  New York: America's Future, 1947.","The following map was removed from the collection and added to the Historical Maps Collection:","\"Map of Roanoke County, Virginia, Compiled from Actual Surveys, Land Maps, and Data furnished by the Appalachian Electric Power Co., Virginia State Highway Dept., Norfolk \u0026 Western R.R., Virginian Railway\"   [C. B. Malcolm?], 1942. ","Permission to publish material from Wayne Perkins Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.  Photographs in Series IV which are attributed to a specific photographer may not be published without permission of the holder of rights to the image.","Collection of records, memorabilia, and photographs relating to a number of North American railroads but concentrating mostly the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway. Also includes papers of various Southwest Virginia families and a small set of personal papers.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2010.078"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wayne Perkins Collection,"],"collection_title_tesim":["Wayne Perkins Collection,"],"collection_ssim":["Wayne Perkins Collection,"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish material from Wayne Perkins Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.  Photographs in Series IV which are attributed to a specific photographer may not be published without permission of the holder of rights to the image."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Wayne Perkins Collection was purchased by Special Collections in 2009."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Railroad"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Railroad"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["2.6 cu. ft. 8 boxes, 1 oversize folder"],"extent_ssm":["2.6 Cubic Feet 8 boxes; 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["2.6 Cubic Feet 8 boxes; 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in four series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Railroads and Associated Companies, 1835-1986. This series contains materials acquired by Perkins through his general interest in railroad history. The materials have no clear focus, though Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway materials comprise a large portion of the series. Included are a wide array of materials, including train passes, timetables, printed materials, business forms, legislative acts, train orders, company histories, ephemera and memorabilia. Of particular interest, perhaps, are an 1835 invitation to the opening of the Norwich and Worcester Railroad and an 1840 letter from the Bank Stock Railroad asking an unidentified minister to promote the railroad in his sermons. Also included in this series is a collection of dinner menus from several railroads, printed materials relating to the rail industry, and a set of souvenir buttons bearing railroad logos. This series is arranged alphabetically by business name, then by document type.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Individuals, Families and Businesses, 1881-1953. This series contains the papers of various people and companies apparently not directly connected to railroads but accumulated by Perkins in the course of pursuing his hobby. Included among the many disparate materials in the series are expense account records of F. W. Hawks, a cartographer working in Ohio. Also within the series are several pieces of correspondence between Robert L. Humphrey of Galax, Virginia and his sisters Mamie and Belle, together with some other Humphrey family-related papers. Also prevalent within the series are a number of bills of lading issued to G. W. Plumer, a Massachusetts merchant, and a set of telegrams between members of the Snidow-Dixon family in West Virginia and Southwest Virginia. A few freight bills issued to General G. C. Wharton may also be found in this series. Arranged alphabetically by surname.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Personal Papers, 1957-1996. Included in this small series are materials that relate to Perkins' personal life, though most of them are also connected to his hobbies. The series contains a folder relating to various railroad enthusiast organizations of which Perkins was a member and a folder relating to model railroading, including instructions, advertising matter, and other printed material. A very small selection of personal materials completes the collection and includes letters and ephemera, with some items relating to a George Wythe High School class of 1966 reunion. Arranged by subject matter. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Photographs and Postcards, 1887-1987. This series contains images collected and created by Perkins and is devoted almost entirely to railroad-related subjects, including locomotives and other rolling stock; structures; and scenery. The series is divided into two subseries: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A. Photographs, 1887-1976. While a few of the images in this subseries seem to have been created by Perkins, and the creator of others is unknown, most of the photos are attributed to others. Included among these are significant collections from photographers C. W. Jernstrom and Harold K. Vollrath. As with the materials in Series I, the photos span subjects throughout North America, though there is a focus on the Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway. Included at the end of the photographs is a set of promotional photos for the Bendix-Feragen automobile frame-straightening system and a machine-pen autographed photo of Charles A. Lindbergh with his mother and the \"Spirit of St. Louis.\" The railroad images are arranged by name of photographer, then by subject. Non-railroad images are grouped at the end of the subseries. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B. Postcards, [1906?]-1987. This subseries contains postcards collected by Perkins. While some have never been used, several of the older postcards include names and messages. Included at the end of the subseries are postcards depicting World War II-era combat aircraft and scenes from the southwestern United States. Railroad images are arranged alphabetically by company name, with non-railroad items grouped at the end of the subseries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in four series:","Series I. Railroads and Associated Companies, 1835-1986. This series contains materials acquired by Perkins through his general interest in railroad history. The materials have no clear focus, though Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway materials comprise a large portion of the series. Included are a wide array of materials, including train passes, timetables, printed materials, business forms, legislative acts, train orders, company histories, ephemera and memorabilia. Of particular interest, perhaps, are an 1835 invitation to the opening of the Norwich and Worcester Railroad and an 1840 letter from the Bank Stock Railroad asking an unidentified minister to promote the railroad in his sermons. Also included in this series is a collection of dinner menus from several railroads, printed materials relating to the rail industry, and a set of souvenir buttons bearing railroad logos. This series is arranged alphabetically by business name, then by document type.","Series II. Individuals, Families and Businesses, 1881-1953. This series contains the papers of various people and companies apparently not directly connected to railroads but accumulated by Perkins in the course of pursuing his hobby. Included among the many disparate materials in the series are expense account records of F. W. Hawks, a cartographer working in Ohio. Also within the series are several pieces of correspondence between Robert L. Humphrey of Galax, Virginia and his sisters Mamie and Belle, together with some other Humphrey family-related papers. Also prevalent within the series are a number of bills of lading issued to G. W. Plumer, a Massachusetts merchant, and a set of telegrams between members of the Snidow-Dixon family in West Virginia and Southwest Virginia. A few freight bills issued to General G. C. Wharton may also be found in this series. Arranged alphabetically by surname.","Series III. Personal Papers, 1957-1996. Included in this small series are materials that relate to Perkins' personal life, though most of them are also connected to his hobbies. The series contains a folder relating to various railroad enthusiast organizations of which Perkins was a member and a folder relating to model railroading, including instructions, advertising matter, and other printed material. A very small selection of personal materials completes the collection and includes letters and ephemera, with some items relating to a George Wythe High School class of 1966 reunion. Arranged by subject matter. ","Series IV. Photographs and Postcards, 1887-1987. This series contains images collected and created by Perkins and is devoted almost entirely to railroad-related subjects, including locomotives and other rolling stock; structures; and scenery. The series is divided into two subseries: ","Subseries A. Photographs, 1887-1976. While a few of the images in this subseries seem to have been created by Perkins, and the creator of others is unknown, most of the photos are attributed to others. Included among these are significant collections from photographers C. W. Jernstrom and Harold K. Vollrath. As with the materials in Series I, the photos span subjects throughout North America, though there is a focus on the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway. Included at the end of the photographs is a set of promotional photos for the Bendix-Feragen automobile frame-straightening system and a machine-pen autographed photo of Charles A. Lindbergh with his mother and the \"Spirit of St. Louis.\" The railroad images are arranged by name of photographer, then by subject. Non-railroad images are grouped at the end of the subseries. ","Subseries B. Postcards, [1906?]-1987. This subseries contains postcards collected by Perkins. While some have never been used, several of the older postcards include names and messages. Included at the end of the subseries are postcards depicting World War II-era combat aircraft and scenes from the southwestern United States. Railroad images are arranged alphabetically by company name, with non-railroad items grouped at the end of the subseries."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMerrill Wayne Perkins, the son of Eli W. and Ethel Fielder Perkins, was born in Wythe County, Virginia in 1947. He married Elizabeth Williams and graduated with a degree in pharmacy from Virginia Commmonwealth University in 1971. He returned to Wythe County, working as a pharmacist in Wytheville. Among his personal activities, Perkins maintained memberships in the Wythe County Historical Society and the Train Collectors Association. Wayne Perkins died in Winston-Salem, North Carolina in 2004.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Merrill Wayne Perkins, the son of Eli W. and Ethel Fielder Perkins, was born in Wythe County, Virginia in 1947. He married Elizabeth Williams and graduated with a degree in pharmacy from Virginia Commmonwealth University in 1971. He returned to Wythe County, working as a pharmacist in Wytheville. Among his personal activities, Perkins maintained memberships in the Wythe County Historical Society and the Train Collectors Association. 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Cliffview, Virginia]"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Wayne Perkins Collection, Ms2010-078, Special Collections, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Wayne Perkins Collection, Ms2010-078, Special Collections, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Wayne Perkins Collection commenced in October 2010 and was completed in December 2010. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe materials in this collection were part of a larger collection, which had been purchased in two accruals. The first accrual, purchased in 2008, was ultimately divided among several collections. Materials that were determined to relate specifically to the Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway, its predecessors and affiliates were processed as the Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway and Associated Companies Collection (Ms2009-037). The personal and working papers of Chapman J. French, a civil engineer employed by the company, were easily distinguishable and were processed as the Chapman J. French Papers (Ms2009-034). Materials that did not relate in any way to the N\u0026amp;W were separated into the following individual collections:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMine Hill \u0026amp; Schuylkill Haven Railroad Stock Certificates (Ms2009-035)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eNew River Mineral Company Stock Certificate (Ms2009-036)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePhiladelphia \u0026amp; Reading Railroad Receipts (Ms2009-038)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eRaleigh Coal \u0026amp; Coke Company Rail Spur Drawing (Ms2009-039)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eReed Island Iron Company Receipts (Ms2009-040)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eRock Island Lines Insurance Booklet (Ms2009-041)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSullivan Railroad Company Stock Certificate (Ms2009-042)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eTennessee, Alabama \u0026amp; Georgia Railroad Annual Report (Ms2009-043)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eTennessee, Alabama \u0026amp; Georgia Railway Annual Report (Ms2009-044)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eThomas Wood and Company Freight Records (Ms2009-045)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eVirginia Iron, Coal and Coke Company Receipts (Ms2009-046)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMuch of the 2009 accrual was likewise divided between the Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway and Associated Companies Collection and the Chapman J. French Papers. In examining the second accrual, however, it became clear that the materials had been accumulated by a single collector, and so materials that were unrelated to the N\u0026amp;W (together with materials that related to the N\u0026amp;W but were not company records) were processed as the Wayne Perkins Collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Wayne Perkins Collection commenced in October 2010 and was completed in December 2010. ","The materials in this collection were part of a larger collection, which had been purchased in two accruals. The first accrual, purchased in 2008, was ultimately divided among several collections. Materials that were determined to relate specifically to the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway, its predecessors and affiliates were processed as the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway and Associated Companies Collection (Ms2009-037). The personal and working papers of Chapman J. French, a civil engineer employed by the company, were easily distinguishable and were processed as the Chapman J. French Papers (Ms2009-034). Materials that did not relate in any way to the N\u0026W were separated into the following individual collections:","Mine Hill \u0026 Schuylkill Haven Railroad Stock Certificates (Ms2009-035) New River Mineral Company Stock Certificate (Ms2009-036) Philadelphia \u0026 Reading Railroad Receipts (Ms2009-038) Raleigh Coal \u0026 Coke Company Rail Spur Drawing (Ms2009-039) Reed Island Iron Company Receipts (Ms2009-040) Rock Island Lines Insurance Booklet (Ms2009-041) Sullivan Railroad Company Stock Certificate (Ms2009-042) Tennessee, Alabama \u0026 Georgia Railroad Annual Report (Ms2009-043) Tennessee, Alabama \u0026 Georgia Railway Annual Report (Ms2009-044) Thomas Wood and Company Freight Records (Ms2009-045) Virginia Iron, Coal and Coke Company Receipts (Ms2009-046)","Much of the 2009 accrual was likewise divided between the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway and Associated Companies Collection and the Chapman J. French Papers. In examining the second accrual, however, it became clear that the materials had been accumulated by a single collector, and so materials that were unrelated to the N\u0026W (together with materials that related to the N\u0026W but were not company records) were processed as the Wayne Perkins Collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains materials--mostly railroad-related--compiled by Wayne Perkins, a Wytheville, Virginia pharmacist and railroad enthusiast. The collection contains a wide array of materials--including business records, memorabilia and photographs--relating to a number of North American railroads. Significant among the materials are several items relating to early 19th-century railroads.  The collection concentrates largely on the Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway, including ephemera produced by the company and materials produced by others about the company. The collection also includes assorted papers relating to various individuals and families (most from southwestern Virginia), apparently accumulated by Perkins in the course of collecting railroad materials. Also included are files relating to Perkins' involvement with various railroad enthusiast organizations, his model train hobby, and assorted personal papers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains materials--mostly railroad-related--compiled by Wayne Perkins, a Wytheville, Virginia pharmacist and railroad enthusiast. The collection contains a wide array of materials--including business records, memorabilia and photographs--relating to a number of North American railroads. Significant among the materials are several items relating to early 19th-century railroads.  The collection concentrates largely on the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway, including ephemera produced by the company and materials produced by others about the company. The collection also includes assorted papers relating to various individuals and families (most from southwestern Virginia), apparently accumulated by Perkins in the course of collecting railroad materials. Also included are files relating to Perkins' involvement with various railroad enthusiast organizations, his model train hobby, and assorted personal papers."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following books were removed from the collection to be cataloged for the Rare Book Collection:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBurns, Robert E. and Stuart T. Saunders. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Inseparable Partnership: Education and Industry.\u003c/title\u003e New York: Newcomen Society, 1966.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePettengill, Samuel Barrett. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eWhat Henry Ford Taught America.\u003c/title\u003e New York: America's Future, 1947.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe following map was removed from the collection and added to the Historical Maps Collection:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Map of Roanoke County, Virginia, Compiled from Actual Surveys, Land Maps, and Data furnished by the Appalachian Electric Power Co., Virginia State Highway Dept., Norfolk \u0026amp; Western R.R., Virginian Railway\"   [C. B. Malcolm?], 1942. \u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following books were removed from the collection to be cataloged for the Rare Book Collection:","Burns, Robert E. and Stuart T. Saunders.  The Inseparable Partnership: Education and Industry.  New York: Newcomen Society, 1966.","Pettengill, Samuel Barrett.  What Henry Ford Taught America.  New York: America's Future, 1947.","The following map was removed from the collection and added to the Historical Maps Collection:","\"Map of Roanoke County, Virginia, Compiled from Actual Surveys, Land Maps, and Data furnished by the Appalachian Electric Power Co., Virginia State Highway Dept., Norfolk \u0026 Western R.R., Virginian Railway\"   [C. B. Malcolm?], 1942. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish material from Wayne Perkins Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePhotographs in Series IV which are attributed to a specific photographer may not be published without permission of the holder of rights to the image.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish material from Wayne Perkins Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.  Photographs in Series IV which are attributed to a specific photographer may not be published without permission of the holder of rights to the image."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_04d1b283efadadc5af7999a6b400aae6\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eCollection of records, memorabilia, and photographs relating to a number of North American railroads but concentrating mostly the Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway. Also includes papers of various Southwest Virginia families and a small set of personal papers.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Collection of records, memorabilia, and photographs relating to a number of North American railroads but concentrating mostly the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway. Also includes papers of various Southwest Virginia families and a small set of personal papers."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":843,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:29:15.127Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2631"}},{"id":"viu_viu00103_c01_c9062","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"W.B. Chittenden to John Hartwell\n                  Cocke.","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu00103_c01_c9062#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_viu00103_c01_c9062","ref_ssm":["viu_viu00103_c01_c9062"],"id":"viu_viu00103_c01_c9062","ead_ssi":"viu_viu00103","_root_":"viu_viu00103","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu00103_c01","parent_ssi":"viu_viu00103_c01","parent_ssim":["viu_viu00103","viu_viu00103_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_viu00103","viu_viu00103_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Cocke Family Papers, \n         1725-1939","Correspondence"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Cocke Family Papers, \n         1725-1939","Correspondence"],"text":["Cocke Family Papers, \n         1725-1939","Correspondence","W.B. Chittenden to John Hartwell\n                  Cocke.","box Box 94"],"title_filing_ssi":"W.B. Chittenden to John Hartwell\n                  Cocke.","title_ssm":["W.B. Chittenden to John Hartwell\n                  Cocke."],"title_tesim":["W.B. Chittenden to John Hartwell\n                  Cocke."],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1839 January 25"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1839"],"normalized_title_ssm":["W.B. Chittenden to John Hartwell\n                  Cocke."],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Cocke Family Papers, \n         1725-1939"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":9063,"date_range_isim":[1839],"containers_ssim":["box Box 94"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#9061","timestamp":"2026-05-21T13:06:39.919Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_viu00103","ead_ssi":"viu_viu00103","_root_":"viu_viu00103","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu00103","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-sc/viu00103.xml","title_ssm":["Cocke Family Papers, \n         1725-1939"],"title_tesim":["Cocke Family Papers, \n         1725-1939"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["640, etc."],"text":["640, etc.","Cocke Family Papers, \n         1725-1939","This collection\n         consists of ca. 25,000 items.","There are no restrictions.","The various Cocke collections that are owned by the University (gifts and purchases) have been interfiled\n            chronologically in one series and designated as #640, etc. Correspondence, legal and financial papers, speeches, and\n            other types of material are grouped together with material of the same date range in the same boxes. Most of the\n            correspondence is single-foldered, with the correspondents identified in the folder listing and in the Cocke sliplist\n            located in Special Collections.\n The collection includes: Correspondence and other material in order by date(s): Boxes 1-178; Undated\n            Correspondence: Boxes 179-181; 3) Undated Miscellaneous Papers re agriculture, architecture, inventions, public\n            improvements, medicine and illness, military papers, slavery and abolition, temperance, and the University of\n            Virginia: Boxes 182-187; 4) Bound Volumes: Boxes 188-191; 5) Diaries of Louisa Maxwell Holmes Cocke: Boxes 192-194\n            (on microfilm M-1676-1678); 6) Oversize Material: 3 boxes.\n Excluded from this series are the following Cocke collections, which remain on deposit: PHILIP ST. GEORGE\n            COCKE PAPERS: #2433-a (reaccessioned as part of #2433-m), #2433-f, #2433-g, #2433-h, #2433-k (withdrawn; no copies\n            retained), #2433-m (withdrawn; copies retained), #2433-p (withdrawn; copies retained). JOHN HARTWELL COCKE PAPERS:\n            #5685, #5685-a.","The various Cocke collections that are owned by the University (gifts and purchases) have been interfiled\n            chronologically in one series and designated as #640, etc. Correspondence, legal and financial papers, speeches, and\n            other types of material are grouped together with material of the same date range in the same boxes. Most of the\n            correspondence is single-foldered, with the correspondents identified in the folder listing and in the Cocke sliplist\n            located in Special Collections.\n","The collection includes: Correspondence and other material in order by date(s): Boxes 1-178; Undated\n            Correspondence: Boxes 179-181; 3) Undated Miscellaneous Papers re agriculture, architecture, inventions, public\n            improvements, medicine and illness, military papers, slavery and abolition, temperance, and the University of\n            Virginia: Boxes 182-187; 4) Bound Volumes: Boxes 188-191; 5) Diaries of Louisa Maxwell Holmes Cocke: Boxes 192-194\n            (on microfilm M-1676-1678); 6) Oversize Material: 3 boxes.\n","Excluded from this series are the following Cocke collections, which remain on deposit: PHILIP ST. GEORGE\n            COCKE PAPERS: #2433-a (reaccessioned as part of #2433-m), #2433-f, #2433-g, #2433-h, #2433-k (withdrawn; no copies\n            retained), #2433-m (withdrawn; copies retained), #2433-p (withdrawn; copies retained). JOHN HARTWELL COCKE PAPERS:\n            #5685, #5685-a.","John Hartwell Cocke was born in 1780 in the Tidewater county of Surry, the son of John Hartwell and Elizabeth\n         (Kennon) Cocke. By the age of twenty-one, Cocke was the master of over 5,500 acres of land in Surry and Fluvanna counties. A\n         few years after Cocke married Anne Blaws Barraud (\"Nancy\") of Norfolk, Virginia in 1802, he sold his Surry County holdings\n         and moved to a frame dwelling at Bremo Recess, Fluvanna County, and began work on a finer home, \"Bremo.\" He owned\n         three large plantations along the James River, Bremo Recess, Upper Bremo, and Lower Bremo, each containing over a thousand\n         acres of land. During the War of 1812, Cocke served in the Virginia militia, rising from captain to brigadier general in\n         eighteen months. His first wife, Anne Blaws Barraud Cocke (1785-1816) did not live to see the completion of \"Bremo\" in\n         1820, but Cocke and his second wife, Louisa Maxwell Holmes (m. 1821), lived there until their deaths.\n","Other milestones in the life of John Hartwell Cocke include his elections as Vice-President of the Virginia Temperance\n         Society in 1830 and as President in 1834; his election as President of the United States Temperance Union in 1836; his\n         membership on the University of Virginia Board of Visitors from its inception as Central College in 1819 until 1852;\n         membership on the Virginia Board of Public Works, 1823-1829; his primary role in the founding of the Agricultural Society\n         of Albemarle in 1817; and service on the James River and Kanawha Canal Company Board of Directors. John Hartwell Cocke\n         was greatly troubled by the issue of slavery, and he concentrated his time and money in promoting the American\n         Colonization Society, and preparing his slaves for gradual emancipation through vocational training and teaching them to\n         read and write.","The papers of the Cocke family of Fluvanna County, Virginia, and related Barraud family, Faulcon family, and\n         other families, consist of ca. 25,000 items, (194 Hollinger boxes, ca. 64.5 linear shelf feet), 1725- 1939, and contains\n         correspondence, legal and financial papers, diaries of John Hartwell Cocke, Louisa Maxwell Holmes Cocke, and Lucy Cocke,\n         minutes of the Board of Visitors of the University ofVirginia, diagrams and sketches concerning the University,\n         bound volumes, sketches and drawings, college and school notes, poetry, orations and speeches, essays, genealogy, and\n         lists pertaining to agriculture, music and other subjects.","Major topics covered by the collection include: the development of agriculture in Virginia, merino sheep, horse\n         breeding and purchases, slavery, the American Colonization Society, temperance movement, other religious and reform\n         groups, book dealers, religion, the War of 1812, the Civil War, public education (including the Bremo Seminary), the\n         founding and development of the University of Virginia and public improvements. The bulk of the papers were generated by\n         General John Hartwell Cocke (1780-1866) and his immediate descendants.","Contains \"List of Negroes Born\" 1791-1806, which includes an entry for the birth of Robert Kennon.","\"For Keeping Beck \u0026 children\" [Robert Kennon]","Mentions British landing, War of 1812.","Concerning Robert Kennon's inheritance.","Surveys the family structures, occupations, places of residence, and religious beliefs of Cocke's over 200 slaves. Only the 108 \"working slaves\" were questioned regarding whether they professed Christianity. Cocke began manumitting deserving Christian slaves in 1832, an additional incentive for belief among his bondsmen and a possible motivation for the survey.\n\t\t","Entry for 1853 January 26 includes Cocke's comments on Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings","Entry for 1859 April 27 includes Cocke's comments on Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings.","Removed and cataloged as UF860.M5 1831","See the \n             \n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["640, etc."],"normalized_title_ssm":["Cocke Family Papers, \n         1725-1939"],"collection_title_tesim":["Cocke Family Papers, \n         1725-1939"],"collection_ssim":["Cocke Family Papers, \n         1725-1939"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection of Cocke family papers grouped under the number #640, etc. is comprised of several different\n            collections of papers that were formerly on loan to the University of Virginia Library, including: #640, #1335,\n            #1431, #1480, #2890, #3604, # 5213, #5680, #6418, and #2433 (except -a, -f, -g, -h, -k, -m, and -p). On April 5 and\n            November 10, 1979, accessions #640, #1335, #1480, #2433, #2890, #5680, and #6418 were purchased by the University of\n            Virginia Library from John Page Elliott of Charlottesville, Virginia, and Joseph F. Johnston, Trustee of The Bremo\n            Trust, of Birmingham, Alabama. Accession #1431 was purchased by the University of Virginia Library from Mrs.\n            Raymond Orf, \"Bremo Recess,\" Bremo Bluff, Fluvanna County, Virginia, on July 25, 1972. Accession #3604 was given to\n            the Library on November 14, 1950, by Mr. William Cabell Moore, Washington, D.C. and #5213 was given to the Library\n            on April 4, 1956, by Richard C. Marshall, Washington, D.C."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["This collection\n         consists of ca. 25,000 items."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003carrangement\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eThe various Cocke collections that are owned by the University (gifts and purchases) have been interfiled\n            chronologically in one series and designated as #640, etc. Correspondence, legal and financial papers, speeches, and\n            other types of material are grouped together with material of the same date range in the same boxes. Most of the\n            correspondence is single-foldered, with the correspondents identified in the folder listing and in the Cocke sliplist\n            located in Special Collections.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eThe collection includes: Correspondence and other material in order by date(s): Boxes 1-178; Undated\n            Correspondence: Boxes 179-181; 3) Undated Miscellaneous Papers re agriculture, architecture, inventions, public\n            improvements, medicine and illness, military papers, slavery and abolition, temperance, and the University of\n            Virginia: Boxes 182-187; 4) Bound Volumes: Boxes 188-191; 5) Diaries of Louisa Maxwell Holmes Cocke: Boxes 192-194\n            (on microfilm M-1676-1678); 6) Oversize Material: 3 boxes.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eExcluded from this series are the following Cocke collections, which remain on deposit: PHILIP ST. GEORGE\n            COCKE PAPERS: #2433-a (reaccessioned as part of #2433-m), #2433-f, #2433-g, #2433-h, #2433-k (withdrawn; no copies\n            retained), #2433-m (withdrawn; copies retained), #2433-p (withdrawn; copies retained). JOHN HARTWELL COCKE PAPERS:\n            #5685, #5685-a.\u003c/p\u003e\n      \u003c/arrangement\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe various Cocke collections that are owned by the University (gifts and purchases) have been interfiled\n            chronologically in one series and designated as #640, etc. Correspondence, legal and financial papers, speeches, and\n            other types of material are grouped together with material of the same date range in the same boxes. Most of the\n            correspondence is single-foldered, with the correspondents identified in the folder listing and in the Cocke sliplist\n            located in Special Collections.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes: Correspondence and other material in order by date(s): Boxes 1-178; Undated\n            Correspondence: Boxes 179-181; 3) Undated Miscellaneous Papers re agriculture, architecture, inventions, public\n            improvements, medicine and illness, military papers, slavery and abolition, temperance, and the University of\n            Virginia: Boxes 182-187; 4) Bound Volumes: Boxes 188-191; 5) Diaries of Louisa Maxwell Holmes Cocke: Boxes 192-194\n            (on microfilm M-1676-1678); 6) Oversize Material: 3 boxes.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExcluded from this series are the following Cocke collections, which remain on deposit: PHILIP ST. GEORGE\n            COCKE PAPERS: #2433-a (reaccessioned as part of #2433-m), #2433-f, #2433-g, #2433-h, #2433-k (withdrawn; no copies\n            retained), #2433-m (withdrawn; copies retained), #2433-p (withdrawn; copies retained). JOHN HARTWELL COCKE PAPERS:\n            #5685, #5685-a.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The various Cocke collections that are owned by the University (gifts and purchases) have been interfiled\n            chronologically in one series and designated as #640, etc. Correspondence, legal and financial papers, speeches, and\n            other types of material are grouped together with material of the same date range in the same boxes. Most of the\n            correspondence is single-foldered, with the correspondents identified in the folder listing and in the Cocke sliplist\n            located in Special Collections.\n The collection includes: Correspondence and other material in order by date(s): Boxes 1-178; Undated\n            Correspondence: Boxes 179-181; 3) Undated Miscellaneous Papers re agriculture, architecture, inventions, public\n            improvements, medicine and illness, military papers, slavery and abolition, temperance, and the University of\n            Virginia: Boxes 182-187; 4) Bound Volumes: Boxes 188-191; 5) Diaries of Louisa Maxwell Holmes Cocke: Boxes 192-194\n            (on microfilm M-1676-1678); 6) Oversize Material: 3 boxes.\n Excluded from this series are the following Cocke collections, which remain on deposit: PHILIP ST. GEORGE\n            COCKE PAPERS: #2433-a (reaccessioned as part of #2433-m), #2433-f, #2433-g, #2433-h, #2433-k (withdrawn; no copies\n            retained), #2433-m (withdrawn; copies retained), #2433-p (withdrawn; copies retained). JOHN HARTWELL COCKE PAPERS:\n            #5685, #5685-a.","The various Cocke collections that are owned by the University (gifts and purchases) have been interfiled\n            chronologically in one series and designated as #640, etc. Correspondence, legal and financial papers, speeches, and\n            other types of material are grouped together with material of the same date range in the same boxes. Most of the\n            correspondence is single-foldered, with the correspondents identified in the folder listing and in the Cocke sliplist\n            located in Special Collections.\n","The collection includes: Correspondence and other material in order by date(s): Boxes 1-178; Undated\n            Correspondence: Boxes 179-181; 3) Undated Miscellaneous Papers re agriculture, architecture, inventions, public\n            improvements, medicine and illness, military papers, slavery and abolition, temperance, and the University of\n            Virginia: Boxes 182-187; 4) Bound Volumes: Boxes 188-191; 5) Diaries of Louisa Maxwell Holmes Cocke: Boxes 192-194\n            (on microfilm M-1676-1678); 6) Oversize Material: 3 boxes.\n","Excluded from this series are the following Cocke collections, which remain on deposit: PHILIP ST. GEORGE\n            COCKE PAPERS: #2433-a (reaccessioned as part of #2433-m), #2433-f, #2433-g, #2433-h, #2433-k (withdrawn; no copies\n            retained), #2433-m (withdrawn; copies retained), #2433-p (withdrawn; copies retained). JOHN HARTWELL COCKE PAPERS:\n            #5685, #5685-a."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn Hartwell Cocke was born in 1780 in the Tidewater county of Surry, the son of John Hartwell and Elizabeth\n         (Kennon) Cocke. By the age of twenty-one, Cocke was the master of over 5,500 acres of land in Surry and Fluvanna counties. A\n         few years after Cocke married Anne Blaws Barraud (\"Nancy\") of Norfolk, Virginia in 1802, he sold his Surry County holdings\n         and moved to a frame dwelling at Bremo Recess, Fluvanna County, and began work on a finer home, \"Bremo.\" He owned\n         three large plantations along the James River, Bremo Recess, Upper Bremo, and Lower Bremo, each containing over a thousand\n         acres of land. During the War of 1812, Cocke served in the Virginia militia, rising from captain to brigadier general in\n         eighteen months. His first wife, Anne Blaws Barraud Cocke (1785-1816) did not live to see the completion of \"Bremo\" in\n         1820, but Cocke and his second wife, Louisa Maxwell Holmes (m. 1821), lived there until their deaths.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOther milestones in the life of John Hartwell Cocke include his elections as Vice-President of the Virginia Temperance\n         Society in 1830 and as President in 1834; his election as President of the United States Temperance Union in 1836; his\n         membership on the University of Virginia Board of Visitors from its inception as Central College in 1819 until 1852;\n         membership on the Virginia Board of Public Works, 1823-1829; his primary role in the founding of the Agricultural Society\n         of Albemarle in 1817; and service on the James River and Kanawha Canal Company Board of Directors. John Hartwell Cocke\n         was greatly troubled by the issue of slavery, and he concentrated his time and money in promoting the American\n         Colonization Society, and preparing his slaves for gradual emancipation through vocational training and teaching them to\n         read and write.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["John Hartwell Cocke was born in 1780 in the Tidewater county of Surry, the son of John Hartwell and Elizabeth\n         (Kennon) Cocke. By the age of twenty-one, Cocke was the master of over 5,500 acres of land in Surry and Fluvanna counties. A\n         few years after Cocke married Anne Blaws Barraud (\"Nancy\") of Norfolk, Virginia in 1802, he sold his Surry County holdings\n         and moved to a frame dwelling at Bremo Recess, Fluvanna County, and began work on a finer home, \"Bremo.\" He owned\n         three large plantations along the James River, Bremo Recess, Upper Bremo, and Lower Bremo, each containing over a thousand\n         acres of land. During the War of 1812, Cocke served in the Virginia militia, rising from captain to brigadier general in\n         eighteen months. His first wife, Anne Blaws Barraud Cocke (1785-1816) did not live to see the completion of \"Bremo\" in\n         1820, but Cocke and his second wife, Louisa Maxwell Holmes (m. 1821), lived there until their deaths.\n","Other milestones in the life of John Hartwell Cocke include his elections as Vice-President of the Virginia Temperance\n         Society in 1830 and as President in 1834; his election as President of the United States Temperance Union in 1836; his\n         membership on the University of Virginia Board of Visitors from its inception as Central College in 1819 until 1852;\n         membership on the Virginia Board of Public Works, 1823-1829; his primary role in the founding of the Agricultural Society\n         of Albemarle in 1817; and service on the James River and Kanawha Canal Company Board of Directors. John Hartwell Cocke\n         was greatly troubled by the issue of slavery, and he concentrated his time and money in promoting the American\n         Colonization Society, and preparing his slaves for gradual emancipation through vocational training and teaching them to\n         read and write."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCocke Family Papers, Accession #640, etc., Special\n            Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n            Charlottesville, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Cocke Family Papers, Accession #640, etc., Special\n            Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n            Charlottesville, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of the Cocke family of Fluvanna County, Virginia, and related Barraud family, Faulcon family, and\n         other families, consist of ca. 25,000 items, (194 Hollinger boxes, ca. 64.5 linear shelf feet), 1725- 1939, and contains\n         correspondence, legal and financial papers, diaries of John Hartwell Cocke, Louisa Maxwell Holmes Cocke, and Lucy Cocke,\n         minutes of the Board of Visitors of the University ofVirginia, diagrams and sketches concerning the University,\n         bound volumes, sketches and drawings, college and school notes, poetry, orations and speeches, essays, genealogy, and\n         lists pertaining to agriculture, music and other subjects.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMajor topics covered by the collection include: the development of agriculture in Virginia, merino sheep, horse\n         breeding and purchases, slavery, the American Colonization Society, temperance movement, other religious and reform\n         groups, book dealers, religion, the War of 1812, the Civil War, public education (including the Bremo Seminary), the\n         founding and development of the University of Virginia and public improvements. The bulk of the papers were generated by\n         General John Hartwell Cocke (1780-1866) and his immediate descendants.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains \"List of Negroes Born\" 1791-1806, which includes an entry for the birth of Robert Kennon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"For Keeping Beck \u0026amp; children\" [Robert Kennon]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMentions British landing, War of 1812.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConcerning Robert Kennon's inheritance.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSurveys the family structures, occupations, places of residence, and religious beliefs of Cocke's over 200 slaves. Only the 108 \"working slaves\" were questioned regarding whether they professed Christianity. Cocke began manumitting deserving Christian slaves in 1832, an additional incentive for belief among his bondsmen and a possible motivation for the survey.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEntry for 1853 January 26 includes Cocke's comments on Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEntry for 1859 April 27 includes Cocke's comments on Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRemoved and cataloged as UF860.M5 1831\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of the Cocke family of Fluvanna County, Virginia, and related Barraud family, Faulcon family, and\n         other families, consist of ca. 25,000 items, (194 Hollinger boxes, ca. 64.5 linear shelf feet), 1725- 1939, and contains\n         correspondence, legal and financial papers, diaries of John Hartwell Cocke, Louisa Maxwell Holmes Cocke, and Lucy Cocke,\n         minutes of the Board of Visitors of the University ofVirginia, diagrams and sketches concerning the University,\n         bound volumes, sketches and drawings, college and school notes, poetry, orations and speeches, essays, genealogy, and\n         lists pertaining to agriculture, music and other subjects.","Major topics covered by the collection include: the development of agriculture in Virginia, merino sheep, horse\n         breeding and purchases, slavery, the American Colonization Society, temperance movement, other religious and reform\n         groups, book dealers, religion, the War of 1812, the Civil War, public education (including the Bremo Seminary), the\n         founding and development of the University of Virginia and public improvements. The bulk of the papers were generated by\n         General John Hartwell Cocke (1780-1866) and his immediate descendants.","Contains \"List of Negroes Born\" 1791-1806, which includes an entry for the birth of Robert Kennon.","\"For Keeping Beck \u0026 children\" [Robert Kennon]","Mentions British landing, War of 1812.","Concerning Robert Kennon's inheritance.","Surveys the family structures, occupations, places of residence, and religious beliefs of Cocke's over 200 slaves. Only the 108 \"working slaves\" were questioned regarding whether they professed Christianity. Cocke began manumitting deserving Christian slaves in 1832, an additional incentive for belief among his bondsmen and a possible motivation for the survey.\n\t\t","Entry for 1853 January 26 includes Cocke's comments on Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings","Entry for 1859 April 27 includes Cocke's comments on Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings.","Removed and cataloged as UF860.M5 1831"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the \n            \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.library.virginia.edu/policies/use-of-materials\"\u003e\n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy.\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["See the \n             \n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":18422,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T13:06:39.919Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu00103_c01_c9062"}},{"id":"viu_viu00103_c01_c9070","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"W.B. Chittenden to John Hartwell\n                  Cocke.","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu00103_c01_c9070#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_viu00103_c01_c9070","ref_ssm":["viu_viu00103_c01_c9070"],"id":"viu_viu00103_c01_c9070","ead_ssi":"viu_viu00103","_root_":"viu_viu00103","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu00103_c01","parent_ssi":"viu_viu00103_c01","parent_ssim":["viu_viu00103","viu_viu00103_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_viu00103","viu_viu00103_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Cocke Family Papers, \n         1725-1939","Correspondence"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Cocke Family Papers, \n         1725-1939","Correspondence"],"text":["Cocke Family Papers, \n         1725-1939","Correspondence","W.B. Chittenden to John Hartwell\n                  Cocke.","box Box 94"],"title_filing_ssi":"W.B. Chittenden to John Hartwell\n                  Cocke.","title_ssm":["W.B. Chittenden to John Hartwell\n                  Cocke."],"title_tesim":["W.B. Chittenden to John Hartwell\n                  Cocke."],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1839 January 30"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1839"],"normalized_title_ssm":["W.B. Chittenden to John Hartwell\n                  Cocke."],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Cocke Family Papers, \n         1725-1939"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":9071,"date_range_isim":[1839],"containers_ssim":["box Box 94"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#9069","timestamp":"2026-05-21T13:06:39.919Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_viu00103","ead_ssi":"viu_viu00103","_root_":"viu_viu00103","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu00103","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-sc/viu00103.xml","title_ssm":["Cocke Family Papers, \n         1725-1939"],"title_tesim":["Cocke Family Papers, \n         1725-1939"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["640, etc."],"text":["640, etc.","Cocke Family Papers, \n         1725-1939","This collection\n         consists of ca. 25,000 items.","There are no restrictions.","The various Cocke collections that are owned by the University (gifts and purchases) have been interfiled\n            chronologically in one series and designated as #640, etc. Correspondence, legal and financial papers, speeches, and\n            other types of material are grouped together with material of the same date range in the same boxes. Most of the\n            correspondence is single-foldered, with the correspondents identified in the folder listing and in the Cocke sliplist\n            located in Special Collections.\n The collection includes: Correspondence and other material in order by date(s): Boxes 1-178; Undated\n            Correspondence: Boxes 179-181; 3) Undated Miscellaneous Papers re agriculture, architecture, inventions, public\n            improvements, medicine and illness, military papers, slavery and abolition, temperance, and the University of\n            Virginia: Boxes 182-187; 4) Bound Volumes: Boxes 188-191; 5) Diaries of Louisa Maxwell Holmes Cocke: Boxes 192-194\n            (on microfilm M-1676-1678); 6) Oversize Material: 3 boxes.\n Excluded from this series are the following Cocke collections, which remain on deposit: PHILIP ST. GEORGE\n            COCKE PAPERS: #2433-a (reaccessioned as part of #2433-m), #2433-f, #2433-g, #2433-h, #2433-k (withdrawn; no copies\n            retained), #2433-m (withdrawn; copies retained), #2433-p (withdrawn; copies retained). JOHN HARTWELL COCKE PAPERS:\n            #5685, #5685-a.","The various Cocke collections that are owned by the University (gifts and purchases) have been interfiled\n            chronologically in one series and designated as #640, etc. Correspondence, legal and financial papers, speeches, and\n            other types of material are grouped together with material of the same date range in the same boxes. Most of the\n            correspondence is single-foldered, with the correspondents identified in the folder listing and in the Cocke sliplist\n            located in Special Collections.\n","The collection includes: Correspondence and other material in order by date(s): Boxes 1-178; Undated\n            Correspondence: Boxes 179-181; 3) Undated Miscellaneous Papers re agriculture, architecture, inventions, public\n            improvements, medicine and illness, military papers, slavery and abolition, temperance, and the University of\n            Virginia: Boxes 182-187; 4) Bound Volumes: Boxes 188-191; 5) Diaries of Louisa Maxwell Holmes Cocke: Boxes 192-194\n            (on microfilm M-1676-1678); 6) Oversize Material: 3 boxes.\n","Excluded from this series are the following Cocke collections, which remain on deposit: PHILIP ST. GEORGE\n            COCKE PAPERS: #2433-a (reaccessioned as part of #2433-m), #2433-f, #2433-g, #2433-h, #2433-k (withdrawn; no copies\n            retained), #2433-m (withdrawn; copies retained), #2433-p (withdrawn; copies retained). JOHN HARTWELL COCKE PAPERS:\n            #5685, #5685-a.","John Hartwell Cocke was born in 1780 in the Tidewater county of Surry, the son of John Hartwell and Elizabeth\n         (Kennon) Cocke. By the age of twenty-one, Cocke was the master of over 5,500 acres of land in Surry and Fluvanna counties. A\n         few years after Cocke married Anne Blaws Barraud (\"Nancy\") of Norfolk, Virginia in 1802, he sold his Surry County holdings\n         and moved to a frame dwelling at Bremo Recess, Fluvanna County, and began work on a finer home, \"Bremo.\" He owned\n         three large plantations along the James River, Bremo Recess, Upper Bremo, and Lower Bremo, each containing over a thousand\n         acres of land. During the War of 1812, Cocke served in the Virginia militia, rising from captain to brigadier general in\n         eighteen months. His first wife, Anne Blaws Barraud Cocke (1785-1816) did not live to see the completion of \"Bremo\" in\n         1820, but Cocke and his second wife, Louisa Maxwell Holmes (m. 1821), lived there until their deaths.\n","Other milestones in the life of John Hartwell Cocke include his elections as Vice-President of the Virginia Temperance\n         Society in 1830 and as President in 1834; his election as President of the United States Temperance Union in 1836; his\n         membership on the University of Virginia Board of Visitors from its inception as Central College in 1819 until 1852;\n         membership on the Virginia Board of Public Works, 1823-1829; his primary role in the founding of the Agricultural Society\n         of Albemarle in 1817; and service on the James River and Kanawha Canal Company Board of Directors. John Hartwell Cocke\n         was greatly troubled by the issue of slavery, and he concentrated his time and money in promoting the American\n         Colonization Society, and preparing his slaves for gradual emancipation through vocational training and teaching them to\n         read and write.","The papers of the Cocke family of Fluvanna County, Virginia, and related Barraud family, Faulcon family, and\n         other families, consist of ca. 25,000 items, (194 Hollinger boxes, ca. 64.5 linear shelf feet), 1725- 1939, and contains\n         correspondence, legal and financial papers, diaries of John Hartwell Cocke, Louisa Maxwell Holmes Cocke, and Lucy Cocke,\n         minutes of the Board of Visitors of the University ofVirginia, diagrams and sketches concerning the University,\n         bound volumes, sketches and drawings, college and school notes, poetry, orations and speeches, essays, genealogy, and\n         lists pertaining to agriculture, music and other subjects.","Major topics covered by the collection include: the development of agriculture in Virginia, merino sheep, horse\n         breeding and purchases, slavery, the American Colonization Society, temperance movement, other religious and reform\n         groups, book dealers, religion, the War of 1812, the Civil War, public education (including the Bremo Seminary), the\n         founding and development of the University of Virginia and public improvements. The bulk of the papers were generated by\n         General John Hartwell Cocke (1780-1866) and his immediate descendants.","Contains \"List of Negroes Born\" 1791-1806, which includes an entry for the birth of Robert Kennon.","\"For Keeping Beck \u0026 children\" [Robert Kennon]","Mentions British landing, War of 1812.","Concerning Robert Kennon's inheritance.","Surveys the family structures, occupations, places of residence, and religious beliefs of Cocke's over 200 slaves. Only the 108 \"working slaves\" were questioned regarding whether they professed Christianity. Cocke began manumitting deserving Christian slaves in 1832, an additional incentive for belief among his bondsmen and a possible motivation for the survey.\n\t\t","Entry for 1853 January 26 includes Cocke's comments on Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings","Entry for 1859 April 27 includes Cocke's comments on Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings.","Removed and cataloged as UF860.M5 1831","See the \n             \n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["640, etc."],"normalized_title_ssm":["Cocke Family Papers, \n         1725-1939"],"collection_title_tesim":["Cocke Family Papers, \n         1725-1939"],"collection_ssim":["Cocke Family Papers, \n         1725-1939"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection of Cocke family papers grouped under the number #640, etc. is comprised of several different\n            collections of papers that were formerly on loan to the University of Virginia Library, including: #640, #1335,\n            #1431, #1480, #2890, #3604, # 5213, #5680, #6418, and #2433 (except -a, -f, -g, -h, -k, -m, and -p). On April 5 and\n            November 10, 1979, accessions #640, #1335, #1480, #2433, #2890, #5680, and #6418 were purchased by the University of\n            Virginia Library from John Page Elliott of Charlottesville, Virginia, and Joseph F. Johnston, Trustee of The Bremo\n            Trust, of Birmingham, Alabama. Accession #1431 was purchased by the University of Virginia Library from Mrs.\n            Raymond Orf, \"Bremo Recess,\" Bremo Bluff, Fluvanna County, Virginia, on July 25, 1972. Accession #3604 was given to\n            the Library on November 14, 1950, by Mr. William Cabell Moore, Washington, D.C. and #5213 was given to the Library\n            on April 4, 1956, by Richard C. Marshall, Washington, D.C."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["This collection\n         consists of ca. 25,000 items."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003carrangement\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eThe various Cocke collections that are owned by the University (gifts and purchases) have been interfiled\n            chronologically in one series and designated as #640, etc. Correspondence, legal and financial papers, speeches, and\n            other types of material are grouped together with material of the same date range in the same boxes. Most of the\n            correspondence is single-foldered, with the correspondents identified in the folder listing and in the Cocke sliplist\n            located in Special Collections.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eThe collection includes: Correspondence and other material in order by date(s): Boxes 1-178; Undated\n            Correspondence: Boxes 179-181; 3) Undated Miscellaneous Papers re agriculture, architecture, inventions, public\n            improvements, medicine and illness, military papers, slavery and abolition, temperance, and the University of\n            Virginia: Boxes 182-187; 4) Bound Volumes: Boxes 188-191; 5) Diaries of Louisa Maxwell Holmes Cocke: Boxes 192-194\n            (on microfilm M-1676-1678); 6) Oversize Material: 3 boxes.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eExcluded from this series are the following Cocke collections, which remain on deposit: PHILIP ST. GEORGE\n            COCKE PAPERS: #2433-a (reaccessioned as part of #2433-m), #2433-f, #2433-g, #2433-h, #2433-k (withdrawn; no copies\n            retained), #2433-m (withdrawn; copies retained), #2433-p (withdrawn; copies retained). JOHN HARTWELL COCKE PAPERS:\n            #5685, #5685-a.\u003c/p\u003e\n      \u003c/arrangement\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe various Cocke collections that are owned by the University (gifts and purchases) have been interfiled\n            chronologically in one series and designated as #640, etc. Correspondence, legal and financial papers, speeches, and\n            other types of material are grouped together with material of the same date range in the same boxes. Most of the\n            correspondence is single-foldered, with the correspondents identified in the folder listing and in the Cocke sliplist\n            located in Special Collections.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes: Correspondence and other material in order by date(s): Boxes 1-178; Undated\n            Correspondence: Boxes 179-181; 3) Undated Miscellaneous Papers re agriculture, architecture, inventions, public\n            improvements, medicine and illness, military papers, slavery and abolition, temperance, and the University of\n            Virginia: Boxes 182-187; 4) Bound Volumes: Boxes 188-191; 5) Diaries of Louisa Maxwell Holmes Cocke: Boxes 192-194\n            (on microfilm M-1676-1678); 6) Oversize Material: 3 boxes.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExcluded from this series are the following Cocke collections, which remain on deposit: PHILIP ST. GEORGE\n            COCKE PAPERS: #2433-a (reaccessioned as part of #2433-m), #2433-f, #2433-g, #2433-h, #2433-k (withdrawn; no copies\n            retained), #2433-m (withdrawn; copies retained), #2433-p (withdrawn; copies retained). JOHN HARTWELL COCKE PAPERS:\n            #5685, #5685-a.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The various Cocke collections that are owned by the University (gifts and purchases) have been interfiled\n            chronologically in one series and designated as #640, etc. Correspondence, legal and financial papers, speeches, and\n            other types of material are grouped together with material of the same date range in the same boxes. Most of the\n            correspondence is single-foldered, with the correspondents identified in the folder listing and in the Cocke sliplist\n            located in Special Collections.\n The collection includes: Correspondence and other material in order by date(s): Boxes 1-178; Undated\n            Correspondence: Boxes 179-181; 3) Undated Miscellaneous Papers re agriculture, architecture, inventions, public\n            improvements, medicine and illness, military papers, slavery and abolition, temperance, and the University of\n            Virginia: Boxes 182-187; 4) Bound Volumes: Boxes 188-191; 5) Diaries of Louisa Maxwell Holmes Cocke: Boxes 192-194\n            (on microfilm M-1676-1678); 6) Oversize Material: 3 boxes.\n Excluded from this series are the following Cocke collections, which remain on deposit: PHILIP ST. GEORGE\n            COCKE PAPERS: #2433-a (reaccessioned as part of #2433-m), #2433-f, #2433-g, #2433-h, #2433-k (withdrawn; no copies\n            retained), #2433-m (withdrawn; copies retained), #2433-p (withdrawn; copies retained). JOHN HARTWELL COCKE PAPERS:\n            #5685, #5685-a.","The various Cocke collections that are owned by the University (gifts and purchases) have been interfiled\n            chronologically in one series and designated as #640, etc. Correspondence, legal and financial papers, speeches, and\n            other types of material are grouped together with material of the same date range in the same boxes. Most of the\n            correspondence is single-foldered, with the correspondents identified in the folder listing and in the Cocke sliplist\n            located in Special Collections.\n","The collection includes: Correspondence and other material in order by date(s): Boxes 1-178; Undated\n            Correspondence: Boxes 179-181; 3) Undated Miscellaneous Papers re agriculture, architecture, inventions, public\n            improvements, medicine and illness, military papers, slavery and abolition, temperance, and the University of\n            Virginia: Boxes 182-187; 4) Bound Volumes: Boxes 188-191; 5) Diaries of Louisa Maxwell Holmes Cocke: Boxes 192-194\n            (on microfilm M-1676-1678); 6) Oversize Material: 3 boxes.\n","Excluded from this series are the following Cocke collections, which remain on deposit: PHILIP ST. GEORGE\n            COCKE PAPERS: #2433-a (reaccessioned as part of #2433-m), #2433-f, #2433-g, #2433-h, #2433-k (withdrawn; no copies\n            retained), #2433-m (withdrawn; copies retained), #2433-p (withdrawn; copies retained). JOHN HARTWELL COCKE PAPERS:\n            #5685, #5685-a."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn Hartwell Cocke was born in 1780 in the Tidewater county of Surry, the son of John Hartwell and Elizabeth\n         (Kennon) Cocke. By the age of twenty-one, Cocke was the master of over 5,500 acres of land in Surry and Fluvanna counties. A\n         few years after Cocke married Anne Blaws Barraud (\"Nancy\") of Norfolk, Virginia in 1802, he sold his Surry County holdings\n         and moved to a frame dwelling at Bremo Recess, Fluvanna County, and began work on a finer home, \"Bremo.\" He owned\n         three large plantations along the James River, Bremo Recess, Upper Bremo, and Lower Bremo, each containing over a thousand\n         acres of land. During the War of 1812, Cocke served in the Virginia militia, rising from captain to brigadier general in\n         eighteen months. His first wife, Anne Blaws Barraud Cocke (1785-1816) did not live to see the completion of \"Bremo\" in\n         1820, but Cocke and his second wife, Louisa Maxwell Holmes (m. 1821), lived there until their deaths.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOther milestones in the life of John Hartwell Cocke include his elections as Vice-President of the Virginia Temperance\n         Society in 1830 and as President in 1834; his election as President of the United States Temperance Union in 1836; his\n         membership on the University of Virginia Board of Visitors from its inception as Central College in 1819 until 1852;\n         membership on the Virginia Board of Public Works, 1823-1829; his primary role in the founding of the Agricultural Society\n         of Albemarle in 1817; and service on the James River and Kanawha Canal Company Board of Directors. John Hartwell Cocke\n         was greatly troubled by the issue of slavery, and he concentrated his time and money in promoting the American\n         Colonization Society, and preparing his slaves for gradual emancipation through vocational training and teaching them to\n         read and write.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["John Hartwell Cocke was born in 1780 in the Tidewater county of Surry, the son of John Hartwell and Elizabeth\n         (Kennon) Cocke. By the age of twenty-one, Cocke was the master of over 5,500 acres of land in Surry and Fluvanna counties. A\n         few years after Cocke married Anne Blaws Barraud (\"Nancy\") of Norfolk, Virginia in 1802, he sold his Surry County holdings\n         and moved to a frame dwelling at Bremo Recess, Fluvanna County, and began work on a finer home, \"Bremo.\" He owned\n         three large plantations along the James River, Bremo Recess, Upper Bremo, and Lower Bremo, each containing over a thousand\n         acres of land. During the War of 1812, Cocke served in the Virginia militia, rising from captain to brigadier general in\n         eighteen months. His first wife, Anne Blaws Barraud Cocke (1785-1816) did not live to see the completion of \"Bremo\" in\n         1820, but Cocke and his second wife, Louisa Maxwell Holmes (m. 1821), lived there until their deaths.\n","Other milestones in the life of John Hartwell Cocke include his elections as Vice-President of the Virginia Temperance\n         Society in 1830 and as President in 1834; his election as President of the United States Temperance Union in 1836; his\n         membership on the University of Virginia Board of Visitors from its inception as Central College in 1819 until 1852;\n         membership on the Virginia Board of Public Works, 1823-1829; his primary role in the founding of the Agricultural Society\n         of Albemarle in 1817; and service on the James River and Kanawha Canal Company Board of Directors. John Hartwell Cocke\n         was greatly troubled by the issue of slavery, and he concentrated his time and money in promoting the American\n         Colonization Society, and preparing his slaves for gradual emancipation through vocational training and teaching them to\n         read and write."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCocke Family Papers, Accession #640, etc., Special\n            Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n            Charlottesville, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Cocke Family Papers, Accession #640, etc., Special\n            Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n            Charlottesville, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of the Cocke family of Fluvanna County, Virginia, and related Barraud family, Faulcon family, and\n         other families, consist of ca. 25,000 items, (194 Hollinger boxes, ca. 64.5 linear shelf feet), 1725- 1939, and contains\n         correspondence, legal and financial papers, diaries of John Hartwell Cocke, Louisa Maxwell Holmes Cocke, and Lucy Cocke,\n         minutes of the Board of Visitors of the University ofVirginia, diagrams and sketches concerning the University,\n         bound volumes, sketches and drawings, college and school notes, poetry, orations and speeches, essays, genealogy, and\n         lists pertaining to agriculture, music and other subjects.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMajor topics covered by the collection include: the development of agriculture in Virginia, merino sheep, horse\n         breeding and purchases, slavery, the American Colonization Society, temperance movement, other religious and reform\n         groups, book dealers, religion, the War of 1812, the Civil War, public education (including the Bremo Seminary), the\n         founding and development of the University of Virginia and public improvements. The bulk of the papers were generated by\n         General John Hartwell Cocke (1780-1866) and his immediate descendants.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains \"List of Negroes Born\" 1791-1806, which includes an entry for the birth of Robert Kennon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"For Keeping Beck \u0026amp; children\" [Robert Kennon]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMentions British landing, War of 1812.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConcerning Robert Kennon's inheritance.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSurveys the family structures, occupations, places of residence, and religious beliefs of Cocke's over 200 slaves. Only the 108 \"working slaves\" were questioned regarding whether they professed Christianity. Cocke began manumitting deserving Christian slaves in 1832, an additional incentive for belief among his bondsmen and a possible motivation for the survey.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEntry for 1853 January 26 includes Cocke's comments on Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEntry for 1859 April 27 includes Cocke's comments on Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRemoved and cataloged as UF860.M5 1831\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of the Cocke family of Fluvanna County, Virginia, and related Barraud family, Faulcon family, and\n         other families, consist of ca. 25,000 items, (194 Hollinger boxes, ca. 64.5 linear shelf feet), 1725- 1939, and contains\n         correspondence, legal and financial papers, diaries of John Hartwell Cocke, Louisa Maxwell Holmes Cocke, and Lucy Cocke,\n         minutes of the Board of Visitors of the University ofVirginia, diagrams and sketches concerning the University,\n         bound volumes, sketches and drawings, college and school notes, poetry, orations and speeches, essays, genealogy, and\n         lists pertaining to agriculture, music and other subjects.","Major topics covered by the collection include: the development of agriculture in Virginia, merino sheep, horse\n         breeding and purchases, slavery, the American Colonization Society, temperance movement, other religious and reform\n         groups, book dealers, religion, the War of 1812, the Civil War, public education (including the Bremo Seminary), the\n         founding and development of the University of Virginia and public improvements. The bulk of the papers were generated by\n         General John Hartwell Cocke (1780-1866) and his immediate descendants.","Contains \"List of Negroes Born\" 1791-1806, which includes an entry for the birth of Robert Kennon.","\"For Keeping Beck \u0026 children\" [Robert Kennon]","Mentions British landing, War of 1812.","Concerning Robert Kennon's inheritance.","Surveys the family structures, occupations, places of residence, and religious beliefs of Cocke's over 200 slaves. Only the 108 \"working slaves\" were questioned regarding whether they professed Christianity. Cocke began manumitting deserving Christian slaves in 1832, an additional incentive for belief among his bondsmen and a possible motivation for the survey.\n\t\t","Entry for 1853 January 26 includes Cocke's comments on Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings","Entry for 1859 April 27 includes Cocke's comments on Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings.","Removed and cataloged as UF860.M5 1831"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the \n            \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.library.virginia.edu/policies/use-of-materials\"\u003e\n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy.\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["See the \n             \n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":18422,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T13:06:39.919Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu00103_c01_c9070"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Alexandria Library","value":"Alexandria Library","hits":143},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1839\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Alexandria+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"College of William and Mary","value":"College of William and Mary","hits":2825},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1839\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=College+of+William+and+Mary"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Colonial Williamsburg","value":"Colonial Williamsburg","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1839\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Colonial+Williamsburg"}},{"attributes":{"label":"George Mason University","value":"George Mason University","hits":77},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1839\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Hampden-Sydney College","value":"Hampden-Sydney College","hits":59},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1839\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Hampden-Sydney+College"}},{"attributes":{"label":"James Madison University","value":"James Madison University","hits":213},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1839\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=James+Madison+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Library of Virginia","value":"Library of Virginia","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1839\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Longwood University","value":"Longwood University","hits":10},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1839\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Longwood+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Old Dominion University","value":"Old Dominion University","hits":157},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1839\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Randolph-Macon College","value":"Randolph-Macon College","hits":6},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1839\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Randolph-Macon+College"}},{"attributes":{"label":"The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","value":"The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","hits":302},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1839\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=The+George+Washington+Presidential+Library+at+Mount+Vernon"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1839"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"144th Regiment Militia (Va.) 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