{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1816\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=3","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1816\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=2","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1816\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=4","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1816\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=107"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":3,"next_page":4,"prev_page":2,"total_pages":107,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":20,"total_count":1062,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Alexandria Library Company","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of circulation, subscription, and financial ledgers, annual lecture series documents, catalogues, correspondence, and various organizational documents. Topics include: foundation of the Alexandria Library Company, its cycles of growth and decline reflecting the local economy; the formation of the local public library system; and the on-going activities of the Alexandria Library Company, most notably its lecture series.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ALEX/repositories_2_resources_128.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/128","title_ssm":["Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)"],"title_tesim":["Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1794-2007"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1794-2007"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS002","/repositories/2/resources/128"],"text":["MS002","/repositories/2/resources/128","Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)","Libraries -- Subscription Libraries","Lectures and Lecturing","Associations, institutions, etc","Public libraries.","Reel 00037, beginning of the reel.","Reel 00037, filmed after 1911-1930 volume but before the Executive minutes of 1938-1947.","Reel 00037 after 1794-1861 volume.","Reel 00037, following 1897-1911 volume.","Reel 00037 filmed after 1868-1879 minutes but before the 1938-1947 executive board minutes.","In 1967, Marjorie Darnell Evans completed a multi-year thesis project for Catholic University of America publishing a reorganized 1815 catalog in alphabetical order by author, and a typed copy of the original as an appendix, of which photocopies also exist.","On Archive.org \nhttps://archive.org/details/catalogueofalexa00alex/page/n5","Reel 00039","The accounting records in the subscription books shifted back and forth between two systems, one listing transactions chronologically and the other listing them under the names of individuals.","\nWith the exception of the 1826-1854 book, all entries are characterized by double-entry bookkeeping, with the left side page documenting money going out (\"to\"), and the right hand page documenting money coming in (\"by\"), this can be confusing as bills for subscriptions seem at times to have been listed in the outgoing section.","\nMost of the books begin with indexes of numbered names in no clear order. The same numbers appear in columns toward the right of the accounts pages, just before the amounts, apparently signifying people and groups with which the transactions were undertaken. These numbers should not be confused with the columns on the left indicating the calendar day. They were dropped around 1826.","\nPayments under the names of individuals appear in the first part of the 1794-1799 volume, the latter parts of the 1799-1809 and 1809-1819 volumes, and throughout the bulk of the two volumes covering 1820-1828.","Arrangement is by year of lecture under its title and orator apart from the seat plan and correspondence on administrative issues. Those are arranged chronologically. Lectures in the modern series were assigned numbers by the Library Company until 1980.","The printed 1801 and 1815 catalogs were arranged by subject and size, with the 1815 supplement seemingly arranged in accession order. ","\nThe 1856 printed catalog was arranged alphabetically by author or title. ","\nWorking catalogs are arranged by number, except that the 1830-1848 switched to a subject system sometime after 1834 and the 1876 is arranged alphabetically. ","\nCatalogs from 1898 on use a version of the Dewey Decimal System. \nThe old magazines are arranged by title. ","\nSee individual arrangement notes for details. ","Civil History, Voyages and Travels, Biography, Antiquities, Geography, and Maps etc. (p.13)  Folios (1-9)  Quartos (10-24)  Octavos (25-109)  Duodecima and Infra (110-151)  Ecclesiastical History, Theology, Didactic Pieces, Moral Philosophy, and Metaphysics (p.29)  Folios (152-154)  Quartos (155-156)  Octavos (157-188)  Duodecima and Infra (189-218)  Arts and Sciences, Natural History, Natural Philosophy, and Miscellaneous Literature (p. 35)  Folios (219-222)  Quartos (223-225)  Octavos (226-266)  Duodecima and Infra (267-293)  Law, Politics, Political Economy, Agriculture, Commerce, etc. (p.42)  Folios (294-295)  Quartos (296)  Octavos (297-326)  Duodecima and Infra (327-338)  Poetry, Plays, Belles Lettres, and Criticism etc. (p.47)  Octavos (339-353)  Duodecima and Infra (354-385)  Novels and Romances (p.52)  Octavos (386)  Duodecimas and Infra (387-427)  Appendix and Supplementary (428-452) (p.54) ","The 1,027 titles were assigned numbers according to the following classification system based on size and subject. The title counts are taken from Evans, 1967.","Miscellaneous Folios (21 titles)  Miscellaneous Quarto (33 titles)  Civil History, Voyages and Travels, Geography, Antiquities, Biography, etc.  Octavos (223 titles)  Duodecima and Infra (95 titles)  Ecclesiastical History, Theology, Essays Moral and Religious, Moral Philosophy and Metaphysics etc.  Octavos (54 titles)  Duodecima and Infra (47 titles)  Miscellaneous _______ General Science, The Arts, Domestic Economy, Natural Philosophy, Periodical Essays, Magazines and Reviews, etc.  Octavo (72 titles)  Duodecima and Infra (43 titles)  Law, Politics, Political Economy, Agriculture, Commerce, etc.  Octavo (60 titles)  Duodecima and Infra (13 titles)  Poetry, the Drama, Belles Lettres, and Criticism Octavo (39 titles)  Duodecima and Infra (13 titles)  Novels and Romances etc. (130 titles)  Appendix-Supplementary and Miscellaneous (30 titles) ","The catalog uses a numbering system in which the full number is given only every hundred and but which otherwise provides only the last two digits, hence the sequence: 98, 99, 1100, 01, 02. ","\nThe main portion of the catalog appears to be in accession order. At the end of the numbers #1,028-#1,728, a cross-listing of about 20 periodical works appears.","History #1-122 -Ecclesiastical History Biography #1-145 Voyages and Travels #1-213 Theology #1-113 Lexicography [crossed out] #1-6 Periodicals #1-31 Novels and Romances #1-350","As well as the unnumbered subjects: ","Poetry, Belles Letters and the Drama Lexicography, Statistics and Encyclopedia Chemistry, Minerology, Surgery, and Materia Medica Periodicals, Philosophy, and Miscellaneous and General Science Law, Oratory of the Bar, and Military and Political Journals","The catalog is arranged alphabetically, usually by author, but otherwise by title. Different volumes bear different numbers. A certain amount of cross-listing is also evident, most obviously through the appendix of Tours, Voyages, and Travels, containing works listed by country that also appear in the main catalog by author. Multi-volume works have the number of volumes indicated following their titles, their numbers end with hyphens to indicate an ascending number for each successive volume.","\nThere are some variations in how titles are counted. The \"Edinburg Encyclopedia\" for example is listed as #1- with 21 volumes but under \"Encyclopedia, Domestic\" it is listed as \"Edinburg\" with 18 volumes and a separate 3 volume supplement at #19-.","The catalog is arranged numerically from 1 to 5,063 following the model of the 1815 Supplement, with numbers greater than 100 being listed in full only every 100 numbers and at the top of each page, but otherwise by their last two digits (e.g. 98, 99, 3900, 1, 2).","\nEntries include the number, title, and volume of the work. The last three pages have volume numbers and titles. Their sequence is unclear and some are periodicals.","The arrangement of the catalog is alphabetical by title with a few additional sections by subject.  The alphabetical portion includes the letters A-N and Q-Y with the letters O and P missing. The subject headings are \"History\" after \"H,\" \"Letters\" after \"L,\" \"Memoirs\" after \"M,\" and \"British Prose Writers\" after \"P.\" A similar practice was used for the \"Pamphlets\" section of Drinker's catalog of the 1830-1848.  Books are numbered up to 4,314.","The main listing of titles is alphabetical by titles beginning with the letters \"R\" and \"S.\"","Arrangement is by classification number and title based on a version of the Dewey Decimal System, but differs from the fifth edition (1894) in some respects, such as listing 973 as \"Egypt\" rather than the United States. (see the 1894 at https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/007477697)","\nClass headings and numbers are followed by subclass numbers, the first two letters of the author's name, and a number in case there are multiple books by that author. Volumes and publications dates are appended to the end of the title.","\nCase numbers (shelf locations) have been written in by hand as well as additional titles written in the margins.","The classification is identical to the 1898 except for the added subheadings of Cuba, Japan, and Korea.\nThere is an alphabetical index of subjects.","The 1912 supplement to the catalog was arranged according the same version of the Dewey Decimal System used in previous publications, with classification numbers for which no books were added to the collection omitted. The two lists of magazines divided them into bound and unbound collections, each arranged by title and date.","Alphabetical by title. Note that bound and unbound magazines are grouped together, rather than separated as in the 1912 supplement list.","The original circulation book of 1794-1795 contains two different systems for tracking loans and borrowers. The columns of the initial system included, from left-to-right: patron name, the time the book was out, book number, and book size. Each book size had its own column, which from left-to-right were folio, \"4-to\" (quarto), \"8-vo\" (octavio), \"12-mo\" (duodecimo or twelvemo), and \"16-mo\" (sextodecimo or sixteenmo).","\nThis method was abandoned, and subsequently an attempt was made to record circulation by subscriber. Each subscriber was assigned a number and accorded a set of pages bearing that number instead of page numbers. An index of them appears at the back with some names crossed out. They are not in alphabetical order on the whole, and may represent the order in which they become subscribers. The left-hand pages list the books taken out and the right-hand pages represent returns. As such, similar years and dates are repeated on both sides.","\nBy the start of the 1801-1805 records, the library \nhad switched to a chronological format, which was flexible enough to accommodate increases in the number of subscribers and variations in their degree of patronage but at the cost of making an individual's activity more difficult to isolate. Columns consisted of: patron, title number and volume number, date and day of the week, date returned, and the number of days late and fine (if any).","\nThis remained standard through 1834 with minor variations, like the addition of a date at the top of the page in the 1814-1818 volume, which lasted into the 1830s, and a key for marks indicating returns and renewals in the 1822-1824 volume.","\nThe 1841-1848 volume introduced a new system which separated each set of records into daily sections, with a heading for each day. The columns from left-to-right provided: title number, patron name, returned date, and subject section; the latter being a feature of the working catalog in use at the time.","\nAbbreviated titles started to appear near the end of June 1845, with some of them being numbered and others not. By July 1845, a majority of the entries were like that. This method disappeared and reappeared over the years that followed.","\nBetween September 1846 and September 1848 the circulation records were kept in the second part of an account book (see notes for the subscription series). The subject system continued during this period under a new organization of columns, consisting of: subject, number (within subject), patron name (with volume number), and finally a column with either a note saying \"return,\" a date, or often a blank field.","\nThe 1857-1858 volume has alphabetical tabs on which patrons are recorded chronologically under the first letter of their name. The columns are also different. From left-to-right they include:  date, patron name (including institutions), title number, and return date. The year is given at the top. In place of a return note, some fields contain other notes like \"mistake\" or \"transferred to Roxbury,\" which are open to interpretation. Titles resume appearing in place of numbers in mid-1858.","\nThe volume covering 1862-1868 shows considerable variation. Initially it featured columns on the left with headings for each day followed by the patron name, while on the right the columns showed the title number and return date. Starting on September 27, 1859 (page 114), the left-hand column was divided between patron name and title, while the columns for title number and return date on the right remained in place. From March 1860 (page 127) to March 1861 (page 175) it returned to the earlier format.","\nThe 1870-1871 volume introduced the columns that would be standard for most of the remainder of the series ending in 1880. They consisted of checkout date, patron name, book title, title number, and return date. The exception was a period beginning in May 1871 and ending on 1 January 1872 of the 1871-1872 volume. During that period, the records provided sections by patron name, with columns for checkout date, title, and return date. There were no title numbers during that period. The arrangement of names was partially alphabetized, possibly reflecting the addition of new names to an originally alphabetical arrangement.","\nIt can be difficult to tell what year it is in some of the later volumes. In the 1872-1874 volume year breaks occur on pages 113 (1873) and 292 (1874). In the 1874-1880 volume they occur on pages 137 (1875), 275 (1876), 345 (1877), 375 (1878), 434 (1879), and 454 (1880).","In the 1780s, a discussion group of Alexandria gentlemen called \"The Society for the Promotion of Useful Knowledge\" was formed. In 1794, many of these same individuals gathered to form the nucleus of the Alexandria Library Company (ALC). The ALC was a subscription library modelled after the Philadelphia Library Company, which had also emerged from such a club. ","Society president Reverend John Muir became president of the ALC, a position he would hold for almost 20 years. Many of the library's founders are known to have been members of local Masonic lodges. Elisha Cullen Dick, who had succeeded George Washington as the leader of Lodge 22, was among the first directors of the ALC as well as the secretary of the earlier Society. The first Librarian was Edward Stabler, the proprietor of an apothecary shop. In 1796, Stabler was replaced by James Kennedy, who served as librarian until 1818. Overlaps and family links between the leadership of the library and other Alexandria institutions remained common over the next century and a half. ","For a time, the Alexandria Lyceum (founded in 1838) and the ALC shared a physical space as well as similar missions. The Alexandria Lyceum was founded as part of a national movement focused on educational lectures. The union between the two organizations was dissolved in 1844, but the library continued to rent space from the Lyceum. The library was later said to have been in a state of \"suspended animation\" from around 1846 to 1852. In 1852, a \"Young Men's\" group took over under the original charter, publishing a new catalog in 1856. The library continued to operate into the Civil War. It remained in the Lyceum but not without acrimony, which is evident in the Alexandria Gazette in 1860. ","In October 1867, an agreement was reached with what was variously referred to as the Alexandria Christian Association and the YMCA for assistance with running the library. The library separated from this organization during the early 1870s. By the second half of the 1870s, the library fell into a decline which the directors blamed on the lack of a published catalog. ","The first library catalog had been prepared by Kennedy in 1796 and published sometime thereafter. The earliest catalog of which there is an extant copy was published in 1801, followed by another in 1808 of which there are few traces. A more enduring catalog was created in 1815. The 1830s saw publication of a supplement to the 1815 catalog and the creation of a working catalog that would be used into the late 1840s. Normal circulation records end in April 1861 when the library was converted into a military hospital. There are stray entries in May and December before operations resumed on a limited basis in May 1862 and continued at least through that year. Over a thousand volumes were lost during the war. Due to the decline in usage in the 1870s, a new catalog was produced by librarian Emma J. Young in 1872 but never published. After two years with Young's catalog, another was commissioned from Dr. Theo West, which also went unpublished. As a stopgap, handwritten copies were used by patrons. In 1898, a new catalog was created which utilized a decimal system for the first time. The last published catalog was a supplement to the 1912 version. ","In the late 1870s, appeals were made to the men of Alexandria for support,. The directors met with another \"Young Men's Library Association\" in 1878 without success, records of operations stop after January 1880.","The Gazette reported in January 1881 that the books were now in the custody of the school board, whose membership included William F. Carne, a former library company director and the son of one its former presidents. In May 1887 it reported that Carne, as leader of the board's library committee, was inviting associations wishing to participate in re-opening the library to a meeting at the Peabody school building where the books were held, and explained that he had always intended a reading room to be opened to the public once space was freed up for that purpose.","In June 1887, the Gazette reported that the \"Reading Circle of Washington and Lee Schools\" organized by teachers two years prior and the YMCA would operate the free library during the summer, in the hope that in September \"an effort will be made, with a very fair prospect of success, to re-organize the Library Company.\" Gazette reports in 1890 and 1891 refer to continued efforts by Carne and others to \"re-open\" the library, and in 1892 being part of a \"committee on the project for a free public library,\" but they did not succeed.","In the decades after 1870s librarianship not only professionalized but underwent a rapid gender shift, and apart from the periods in which there was no librarian for financial reasons, no male librarians seem to have been employed until well into the 20th century. Women's library organizations had become common nationally, and along with the philanthropy of Andrew Carnegie played a major role in the growth of public libraries in America starting in the late 19th century.","In September 1897, the Alexandria Library Association led by Virginia Corse received custody of the books then in possession of the school board. With a modest donation from Carnegie, by 1898 the library was back in business, but as a subscription library, it would not become a free public library for almost 40 years. The new library needed a new librarian, and after one or two initial hires, the association found Alice Green (1865-1956), who would serve from 1902-1937 and in a lesser capacity into the mid-1940s. During this period, space for the library was rented from the United Daughters of the Confederacy (UDC).","The Depression brought financial hardship. As the crisis worsened in early 1931, the association had obtained $1,000 from the city council to form \"a nucleus for the establishment of a public library.\" Discussion of becoming a public library had been common since the 1920s, as the efforts of Carnegie and others had made them the norm nationally. Attempts were made to sell older books and hold fundraisers as subscription fees dried up. There was also a dispute with the UDC over a rent increase in 1933. The library was aided by the wealth of its members, including a $5,000 bequest in 1935 from its long-time treasurer, Margaret L. Smoot.","Members built political support both on the council and among the public in the mid-1930s and in 1937 it was agreed that a building would be constructed on the site of the old cemetery of the Society of Friends and that the city government would cover annual expenses of no more than $5,000 for the association to operate a free library. One member of the board would be appointed by the city. The new governing organization was rebranded the Alexandria Library Society.  Agreements were signed in January, and the library opened at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch's current location, 717 Queen Street.","Another change after 1937 was the gender composition of the leadership. Men served on the board of the new Society and played prominent roles after 1937. After 1948 they typically occupied the presidency of the organization. Most elections were unanimous, often with women casting most of the votes, but it ceased to be a women's organization. ","In 1945 a technicality in the Society's contract with the city was brought to the attention of the board. Namely that the $5,000 the city was obligated to provide each year was not the minimum but rather the maximum contribution, and that the higher appropriations it had been making were illegal. The city took this as an opportunity to demand a contract change beyond the funding formula. Although the men of the city council had representation on the board, the women of the Society were still ultimately running the library, and the Society was asked to allow a majority of the executive board to be appointed by the city, and a minority by the Society. That the city legally \"owned the building and all its contents\" so long as it paid $5,000 per year was also pointed out. The Alexandria Library Society signed the new contract, surrendering control of the library in November 1947. In its reduced role, the Society still elected members to the board and received reports from the librarian. It also retained independent funds that could be used for the benefit of the library. With the library now fully the city's responsibility, the membership was also able to more openly advocate for additional funding.","Another longstanding issue at the library was race. The president's 1928 annual report had endorsed becoming a \"free city library,\" but feared that becoming a Carnegie library \"would bring in some elements hitherto unknown and I think undesirable in our Library.\" In the 1930s the library association favored providing segregated facilities, but, after repeated meetings with the city council, failed to achieve even that modest goal. In the 13 March, 1939, minutes, the issue was revisited yet again, but without result. ","Four days later on 17 March 1939, Sergeant George Wilson was turned down for a library card because of his race and Samuel Tucker filed a civil rights lawsuit against the librarian on his behalf. Plans for a segregated facility were dusted off, and new staff was hired so that the librarian could focus on the controversy. On 21 August 1939, several black men organized by Tucker entered the library and followed Wilson's example, but after being refused, seated themselves in the library with books, beginning America's first library sit-in. It ended only after the city manager called the police, and all were arrested. The lawsuit was dismissed on technical grounds, but to prevent a new lawsuit the city approved the Robert H. Robinson branch, which opened in 1940. Tucker refused to accept a card there. ","A major issue in the early 1950s was the push to expand the overcrowded main library serving the white community. The white librarian at the time, who had been hired in a junior capacity during Tucker's campaign in 1939, suggested to the Society that the expansion could be an opportunity to integrate. In the midst of the debates over expansion and additional funding, an opportunity emerged to purchase a neighboring building on the corner of North Columbus and Queen, which was later demolished. This prompted a discussion about the Alexandria Library Society's connection to the original library company. It was decided to change the name from the \"Alexandria Library Society\" to the \"Alexandria Library Company,\" make the appropriate filings with the state government, and reinstate the 1799 charter, which would be revised by the legislature in the 1980s to help obtain tax-exempt status from the IRS.","This name change was completed at one of the company's most consequential meetings in February 1956. Every member was asked to sign their name in the minute book to signal their assent. A letter from a local civil rights activist questioning the legality of library segregation was also read, but deemed the province of the library board, which referred the matter back to the company whose reply is not preserved.","Member Mangum Weeks thereupon raised the question of the future role of the Library Company, and proposed resuming the tradition of annual lectures dating from the Lyceum period using funds from the newly instituted membership dues. This proposal was adopted, and preparing the annual lectures soon became a major focus of the Company. The Library Company continues to appoint members to the board of the Alexandria Library and hold its annual lecture series. It commissioned a new history of the library by William Seale in 2007, which can be found at the Local History and Special Collections Branch.","Chronological listings for both presidents of the board and librarians up to the modern day.","Presidents of the Library Company and Its Successors February 1794-February 1813 Rev. James Muir February 1813-February 1815 Hugh Smith February 1815-March 1824 John Roberts March 1824-February 1829 Hugh Smith February 1829-February 1835 John Richards February 1835-February 1840 John Roberts February 1840-1852 Elias Harrison 1852-February 1855 J. Louis Kinzer February 1855-September 1858 Francis Miller September 1858- February 1859 Richard L. Carne February 1859-September 1859 Caleb S. Hallowell September 1859-February 1860 William G. Cazenove February 1860-February 1870 Richard L. Carne February 1870-February 1873 K. Kemper February 1873-October 1873 Samuel H. Janney October 1873-February 1874 Sidney C. Neale February 1874-June 1879 Mercer Slaughter September 1897-October 1905 Virginia Corse July 1906-June 1925 Mrs. Samuel. L. Monroe October 1925-April 1930 Loula Smoot April 1930-November 1933 Mrs. Henry B. Soule, [Jessie E. Soule] December 1933-December 1934 Mary Lloyd December 1934-December 1936 Susan Thomson December 1936-November 1937 Mrs. Louis Scott November 1937-November 1944 Mrs. Curtis Backus November 1944-November 1946 Mrs. [Lawrence] Fawcett, [Mary Fawcett] November 1946-November 1947 Howard Worth Smith November 1947-October 1948 [Miss Anne] Lewis Jones October 1948-October 1949 Miss Horne October 1949-October 1950 Mr. Stanley King October 1950-December 1951 Mr. [Joseph] Crockett December 1951-February 1955 Mr. Robert Moncure February 1955-February 1957 Dr. [W. Bruce] Silcox February 1957-February 1959 Stanley King February 1959-February 1962 Mangum Weeks February 1962-February 1963 Richard Bales February 1963-February 1965 Donald King February 1965-February 1967 David Squires February 1967-February 1969 Howard Worth Smith Jr. February 1969-February 1971 William Francis Smith February 1971-February 1972 John T. Ticer February 1972-February 1974 David M. Abshire February 1974-February 1976 Mrs. Merill Beede February 1976-February 1978 Mrs. Douglas Lindsey February 1978-February 1980 Clarke T. Cooper Jr. February 1980-February 1982 William Seale February 1982-February 1983 Denys Peter Myers February 1983-February 1985 William B. Hurd February 1985-February 1986 George J. Stansfield February 1986-February 1987 Dr. Ernest A. Connally February 1987-February 1989 Dr. Wilton C. Corkern, Jr. February 1989-March 1991 James M. Lewis March 1991-March 1992 Mrs. Anne Smith Paul March 1992-March 1993 Richard R. G. Hobson March 1993-March 1995 Dabney Waring March 1995-March 1997 James R. Hobson March 1997-March 1998 Robert C. Reed March 1998-March 2000 Neil Horstman March 2000-March 2002 Carroll Johnson March 2002-March 2003 Thomas C. Brown Jr.","Librarians of Alexandria February 1794-February 1796 Edward Stabler February 1796-February 1818 James Kennedy February 1818-August 1826 William Cranch August 1826-October 1829 W. Samuel Mark October 1829-March 1845 George Drinker March 1845-September 1845 James M. Eaches September 1845-September 1852 C.F. Stuart September 1852-April 1853 H. W. P. Junius September 1852-April 1853 L.? Hunter November 1853 Office Abolished February 1854-October 1855 E. M.[Magruder?] Lowe October 1855-September 1858 Norval E. Foard September 1858-February 1859 S. Scott February 1859-September 1859 Edward R. Roxbury September 1859-February 1860 James A. Clarridge February 1860-April 1861 Charles R. Burgess (acting) April 1861-Unknown Edwin N. Wise March 1868 Wr. Bushby April 1870-May 1871 August Henning July 1871-March 1872 W. F. Stansbury March 1872-August 1873 Emma J. Young October 1873-March 1876 Emily English March 1876 Position Eliminated June 1879 R. Pendleton Bruin (unofficial? acting?) October 1900-October 1903 F. Olive Lyons October 1903-April 1937 (continued part-time, mentioned up to 1946) Alice Green April 1937-December 1938 Miss Beatrice Workman January 1939-January 1941 Katherine Scoggin (later Martyn) February 1941-June 1948 Bessie Watson July 1948-June 1969 (hired part-time October 1939, letter of resignation later that month) Ellen C. Burke July 1969-October 1992 (librarian from 1958) Jeanne G. Plitt","The initial combination of financial and subscription records likely reflected the company's initial dependence on subscription fees, in contrast to the later subscription library in the city that relied more on donors. This recordkeeping system appears to have been a casualty of the merger with the Lyceum, which became official in early 1840.","\nAs the physical volume in use at that time was still mostly blank, it was repeatedly repurposed, first for additional circulation records (until these too lapsed) and later for a \"list of Stockholders and the amount due from each for the year commencing the 13th February 1854,\" which likely relates to the revitalization of the company after its agreement with the Young Men's group. The agreement required the men to find 100 subscribers, and the list was likely prepared for the annual meeting originally scheduled for 20 February (a week after the date on the list), at which it was decided to void the shares of individuals who had not paid.","The 1980 lecture of Dr. William Dudley on \"Captain Gordon and the Raid on Alexandria 1814\" was recorded but was left off the lists of annual lectures printed in later years. It marks the point at which the sequential numbering of annual lectures was stopped. The reason for this is unknown.","No catalog was published under the first librarian, but four were published during the 1796-1818 tenure of his successor.","\nOn 29 December 1796 he was directed to prepare a catalog of books \"classed according to their size and arranged in the order of the alphabet, with the number and cost or value of each,\" although a March 1797 entry suggests that it was still not complete four months later. No copy of this catalog has survived, but there would have been between 200 and 400 titles at that time.","\nThe growth of the collection was driven in part by the acceptance of books in place of subscription fees and the purchase of private libraries. In May 1800 a committee was formed to examine its acquisitions for books that were \"useless, superfluous or of immoral tendency,\" which decided in September to postpone acting on them until it was time to print a new catalog. That time came on 2 November 1801 when a committee was appointed to assist the librarian in creating a new catalog.","\nOn 1 February 1808 the board decided to print a new catalog at 50 cents a copy because \"many members were without any.\" On 2 May this catalog was reported to be largely complete. Another meeting was planned shortly thereafter so that it could be printed \"without delay.\" That meeting is undocumented, if indeed it took place. No copy of this catalog or any direct record of its publication is currently known. But it must have existed since it was referenced in a later circulation book and the librarian received a bonus for his work on it in March 1809.","\nOn 2 May 1814, it was decided to create another new catalog. It would eventually have 1,027 numbers, which circulation records show the library had reached by July 1814. On 14 November 1814, the librarian reported the catalog \"ready for the press.\" He was instructed to obtain 150 copies \"with all convenient dispatch,\" a number raised to 200 the following month. In February 1815, he reported the catalog \"about half-finished\" and presented a copy to the board, which set a price of 50 cents. In March he received compensation for \"his additional trouble in preparing the new catalogue for the press,\" suggesting that the printing had been completed.","\nThe 1815 catalog was later extended by a published supplement that added additional numbers. Unlike other printed works, there is no mention of when the supplement was produced in the minutes. It is, however, clear from circulation records that all its books had circulated by 14 August 1830. According to the minutes, a meeting had been called for 10 May 1830 only to be quickly adjourned \"there appearing no business requiring the attention of the board,\" and quarterly meetings on 2 August and 2 November were adjourned, lacking a quorum. The librarian at the time had replaced his predecessor in October 1829 and been confirmed in the position the following March. It seems plausible that he pushed to update the catalog after becoming librarian but that the question was either not deemed important or could not be addressed due to the lack of quorum but that it was printed in 1830 anyway.","\nAt the same time, a working catalog was created for use in the library itself. It is the earliest preserved catalog of this type but was probably not the first. It contains a relisting of the contents of the 1815 catalog and supplement sorted by the first letter of the alphabet with pamphlets listed separately as well as books added between April 1833 and the suspension of library operations after 1848 listed by subject. Although its initial form was compiled some time earlier, it does not appear to have come into use until sometime after 1834 where there is a gap in the circulation records. The first 1,725 entries may have been added at the time of the 1815 supplement with the shift to a new method of arrangement occurring later. ","\nOn 8 March 1856 a committee of the revived library company was assigned to rearrange and renumber the books for publication. On 29 November 1856, the board voted for 300 copies of the finished catalog to be produced.","\nOn 18 June 1858 board president Andrew Jamison resigned. On 4 September Richard L. Carne, the chairmen of the committee on the catalog and president pro-tem submitted \"his amendment to the catalog\" and appointed Sylvester Scott as librarian to constitute a \"committee of revisal.\" A new working catalog is preserved from this period continuing into the Civil War, although it does not appear to have been published.","\nFrom the reestablishment of the library in the late 1860s to its failure at the close of the 1870s the lack of a published catalog to advertise the available books was identified as a major issue. The last version of the catalog prior to the Civil War had contained over 5,000 books, of which it was estimated in 1871 that 1,000-1,500 had been lost.","\nCirculations records from the early 1870s feature book numbers around 1,000 that do not correspond to any known listing, and numbers were abandoned entirely from May 1871 to January 1872. It was decided on 2 October 1872 to create a new catalog, and the task was assigned to the new librarian, Emma Young. The fact that the numbers of the circulating books changed to include some with numbers over 5,000 after 4 December 1872 indicates that this work was completed, but it was never published and there is no surviving catalog from that period.","\nThe limited use of the catalog is evident from the prevalence of high numbered works among those in circulation. The highest numbers indicated recent acquisitions, which often received announcements in the Alexandria Gazette.","\nAt the 20 February 1874 meeting, it was noted that \"the last catalogue was published some years previous to the war and had become, by reasons of subsequent losses and additions, very incomplete\" and the board decided to appoint Dr. Theo West \"to catalogue and arrange the books.\" They planned to print the catalog in time for the 1875 annual meeting, but printing was postponed indefinitely. ","\nThe new catalog went into effect on 10 July 1874 as seen in the shift in circulation records from a system with numbers up to around 5,800 to a new catalog going to 4,314, but again they were unable to publish it.  Seven months later at the 19 February 1875 meeting, it was decided to arrange a printing \"as soon as possible,\" but this did not occur either.","\nOn 10 March 1876 the board decided upon a different plan. The catalog was to be divided among the directors so that copies might be made \"for the librarian's desk.\" The published account of the 21 February 1877 annual meeting noted that \"many persons have given as a reason for not becoming subscribers the inaccessibility of the old library which was not catalogued. This plea no longer holds.\" Doctor West's catalog \"copied by members of the Board without expense, bound in good style, can now always be found on the Librarian's desk.\" Operations ceased and the books went into storage a few years later.","\nAt the 8 January 1898 meeting of the newly formed Alexandria Library Association, it was moved that the \"the catalogue be printed at once\" with the addition of blank pages between the leaves for advertisements from city merchants.","\nThis catalog was the first to use a version of the Dewey Decimal System, which had become popular since its first publication in 1888, reaching its 5th edition in 1894. This was the first modern classification system in the history of the Alexandria Library.","\nSubsequent to the publication of the 1898 catalog in January of that year, there are several mentions of publishing \"supplements\" such as on 11 April 1899 and 11 July 1899 which may refer to the practice of publishing notices with the titles of new additions in the Alexandria Gazette, such as those of 6 July and 13 July 1899.","\nOn 1 January 1902 there was a push for a \"supplementary catalogue (being a catalogue of books up to date) be printed\" and the president appointed a committee for that purpose. It was postponed pending the catalog's completion. On 9 October 1906 the board voted to accept an offer from a Mr. White to print 1000 copies in return for advertising space. According to the 8 January 1907 minutes, the library was given half the copies of the 1906 catalog for free, of which it sold 200 and gave 300 away.","\nThe 12 April 1910 minutes mention a decision to \"again postpone the publication a supplementary catalogue.\" On 23 January 1912 it was again put off until the 9 April meeting, where it was decided for a new catalog to be printed and priced at five cents a copy and \"to have the names of the old magazines put into the new catalogue but not into the card catalogue.\" On 12 June 1912 it was reported that \"the catalogue was in the hands of the printer and that Mrs. Monroe was reading the proof\" and the \"new catalog\" was deemed \"ready for distribution\" on 8 October 1912.","\nThe annual report at that same meeting noted that \"the year has also seen the completion of the labelling, classifying, and cataloguing of all the old and valuable magazines which the Board has for so long a time desired to put into shape for distribution,\" which a review of the supplement suggests meant works in good condition available for circulation.","\nOn 11 April 1933 Mrs. Newell \"volunteered to catalogue old magazines in order that their value may be ascertained.\"  On 9 May 1933 she presented a \"typewritten list\" of \"old magazines\" for appraisal as part of their depression era fundraising efforts. On 10 October she reported them to be of \"no value\" and suggested having them sent to the Salvation Army for use as old paper. On 8 January 1934 the board approved this proposal for those magazines of \"no value,\" which do not appear to have included many titles listed in this catalog.","\nNo explicit reason for the abandonment of published catalogs after 1912 was given, but the allusion to card catalogs suggests that it was a final step in the transition from numerical catalogs, which favored bound volumes by allowing new titles to be added to the end of the sequence, to the Dewey Decimal System, which required new titles to be inserted in the correct place in the existing list and was more easily managed with cards which did not require leaving space for new titles as the 1876 catalog had.","The circulation records began with the original library company in 1794 and continued until its collapse in 1880. Some of the gaps in the records reflect periods during which its activity was disrupted.","\nDuring the War of 1812, British forces arrived in Alexandria on 29 August 1814 and remained there until 2 September. The library normally closed on Sundays, and remained closed from Sunday 28 August through Tuesday 30 August. It opened from 31 August to 2 September, during which time only four books circulated.","\nThe library was also affected by the Civil War. Hostilities between the Union and Confederacy began at Fort Sumter on 12 April 1861. A vote on Virginia secession was held on 17 April and ratified by a referendum on 23 May. Alexandria was occupied by Union forces the following day. Confederate forces had briefly made use of the Lyceum building housing the library, but it later served as a hospital for the Union. Some books were moved out but others were not.","\nIt is unclear were the library operated from in 1861 and 1862, but it did operate. There was a significant reduction in circulation leading up to the war, dropping to a single entry for 22 April 1861. Solitary patrons were recorded for 18th and 30th of May, and an individual withdrew a book every day through 21-25 December, although the May and December entries are in a different hand and initially broke with the format. In early June 1862 however, the library resumed semi-regular hours, usually opening only Tuesday and Thursday but occasionally other days. Records continue into mid-October, after which two pages are missing from the book before it resumes in 1868. Returns are dated as late as December 1862, and it is unclear when the library ceased operations.","\nAttempts to preserve the library in the late 1870s were unsuccessful, and the number of pages per year charts its decline and eventual failure over the second half of the decade.","Volume ended up with the Leadbeater family in the 1860s but was donated back in 1922. Was moved at one point in Collection 98 (Library Records after 1937) but was moved back to the Library Company Records in 2018.","Filmed 5/1/1969\n\"Alexandria Library Minute Books - 6 Vols\"\nUniversity of Virginia Library Photographic Service","Filmed 5/1/1969\n\"Alexandria Library Minute Books - 6 Vols\"\nUniversity of Virginia Library Photographic Service","Filmed 5/1/1969 \n\"Alexandria Library Minute Books - 6 Vols\"\nUniversity of Virginia Library Photographic Service","Filmed 5/1/1969\n\"Alexandria Library Minute Books - 6 Vols\"\nUniversity of Virginia Library Photographic Service","Filmed 5/1/1969\n\"Alexandria Library Minute Books - 6 Vols\"\nUniversity of Virginia Library Photographic Service","Filmed 5/1/1969\n\"Alexandria Library Minute Books - 6 Vols\"\nUniversity of Virginia Library Photographic Service","A microfilm reproduction of a copy from the Library of Congress with an 1876 stamp donated as a gift of Mr. Allen Reese 3/1/49.","The binding is almost completely broken and many leaves are loose.","Ms 2-2","Ms 2-3","Ms 2-3","Ms 2-3","Ms 2-3","Box 98-2 Folder 16","Ms 2-9","Many of the books have damaged bindings or missing covers. The 1801-1805 volume has both problems, while the 1809-1811 is missing a page and the front cover. The 1814-1816 is also missing pages, as is the 1858-1868 volume for the crucial period of 1862-1863.","A reprocessing project begun in 2018 incorporated several boxes of previously unprocessed materials dating from the 1960s to the 2000s, with the bulk dating from after 1980. They included many short, overlapping sequences of correspondence, lecture, meeting, and member records which were merged into continuations of established series including primarily correspondence and lectures but also meetings and member correspondence. The \"subject files\" were added to the existing miscellaneous series. ","\nSeveral other changes were also made. A re-examination of the catalog, subscription, and circulation books was undertaken and most were renumbered, described, and relabeled based on primary source research. The 1794-1861 minute book that had been donated back in 1922 was also discovered misfiled in Ms 98 (which covers the library proper since 1937) and was returned to its original collection. Some letters found in minute books were moved to the correspondence series, and their original locations were bookmarked with acid free paper. Photocopies of catalogs were removed. ","Records concerning individual lectures, such as programs and invitations, were foldered by individual lecture unless part of a separate series. This permitted the titles of lectures and names of lecturers to be better indexed and gaps in documentation to be made more obvious than would have been the case with separate subseries for programs, transcripts, etc.","There is no mention of when the supplement was produced in the minutes, which is odd for a printed pamphlet. As a result dating was attempted starting from the circulation records, which showed the #1,728 was first checked out on 14 August 1830. According to the minutes, a meeting had been called for 10 May 1830, only to be quickly adjourned \"there appearing no business requiring the attention of the board,\" and quarterly meetings on 2 August and 2 November adjourned for lack of a quorum.  The librarian at the time, George Drinker, had replaced his predecessor in October 1829 and been confirmed in the position in March, so the working hypothesis is that he pushed to update the catalog after becoming librarian but the question was either not deemed important or could not be addressed due to the lack of a quorum and that it was printing anyway sometime in 1830. That date may need to be updated in light of additional evidence in the future (e.g. the Gazette becoming searchable for the 1830s).","\nThe location of the original is unknown despite Library of Congress Classification number noted by a previous processor resembling that of the original 1815 catalog. ","\nThe collection originally contained a photocopy which was removed. I had the image of a staple, suggesting it was a copy of a copy. It was not correctly dated. A modern processor had written \"NOT used. The # sequence would conflict with 1815 catalogue complied by Evans\" in reference to the effort to reconstruct the 1815 arrangement made by Marjorie Darnell Evans, possibly the only record that the individual had access to, and added an \"1815\" date in pen. This is all the more perplexing as another hand had also added a \"1\" before the first number to highlight the fact that the numbers were higher than the 1815 catalog, a fact that tendency to list only the last two digits otherwise obscured.","This volume was difficult to date, for while an inscription makes clear that the book itself was in possession of the library by the end of March 1830, it does not make clear that it was being applied to its intended purpose. It contains a calendar suggesting 1833-1834, but books go until at least 1841 and perhaps 1844, and publication date can differ greatly from acquisition date. Circulation records also show that while created earlier, it was not yet the primary catalog by 1834, and due to gaps in the records we can only demonstrate that the subject system was in use between 1841 and 1848. Although Drinker's name is everywhere, his long service as librarian prevents this information from being particularly useful. In light of all this, it was given a recordkeeping date of 1830-1848, indicating that the collection was documented and it could have been used by librarians during that period, new books were recorded there covering this period, even though the period of active use may have begun at a later, unknown date.","A previous processor had dated this catalog \"1799?\" but the second page of titles lists an \"Address on the Life and actions of Gen. R. E. Lee delivered on the 12th of Oct. 1871 before the Society of Confederate Soldiers and Sailors in Maryland\" which seemed unlikely to predate the Civil War by so many years, so a later date was sought. Although the initial catalog was completed in 1874, it has been given the date of 1876 when this copy was physically created by the directors.","A copy of the \"S\" section of the 1876 catalog was found in the circulation book for the early 1840s, although it dated from decades later. It was moved to the same folder as the \"R\" section, being from the same period and seemingly in the same hand. They were also given a date along with the 1876 catalog.","A photocopy of the original was removed from the collection.","The catalog was previously dated to the 19th century, but has been dated to May 1933 based on the minutes as described in the historical note. The specific reference to a typescript in connection with the term \"old magazines\" in 1933 is difficult to ignore and the scattered notes on condition fit with the goal of appraising the magazines being pursued at that time. I also found it unlikely that the list was drawn up in 1912 as part of the catalog supplement for that year given the differences in arrangement, like the supplement separating bound and unbound volumes, and the differences in contents, like the absence of the Atheneum from the supplement.","A copy of the \"S\" section of the 1876 catalog was found in this circulation book, although it obviously dated from decades later than its period of active use. It was moved to the same folder as the \"R\" section.","The Alexandria Library Records (Ms 98) document the library as a separate institution from 1937 onward.","\nIt particularly complements this collection in its early decades through its administrative correspondence, board correspondence, minutes, annual reports, and organizational records, including contracts with the Alexandria Library Society.","\nThe minutes of the library's executive board (1938-1947) are included in the microfilm version of the library minute books 1794-1947.","Transcripts of library company lectures 2-18 are available in the library.","Lecture series : [transcripts of the audiotapes made of the scholars invited to speak at these annual lectures] Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #2 080 LEC 2 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #3 080 LEC 3 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #4 080 LEC 4 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #5 080 LEC 5 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #6 080 LEC 6 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #7 080 LEC 7 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #8 080 LEC 8 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #9 080 LEC 9 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #10 080 LEC 10 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #11 080 LEC 11 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #12 080 LEC 12 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #13 080 LEC 13 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #14 080 LEC 14 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #15 080 LEC 15 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #16 080 LEC 16 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #17 080 LEC 17 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #18 080 LEC 18","The collection consists of circulation, subscription, and financial ledgers, annual lecture series documents, catalogues, correspondence, and various organizational documents. Topics include: foundation of the\nAlexandria Library Company, its cycles of growth and decline reflecting the local economy; the formation of the local public library system; and the on-going activities of the Alexandria Library Company, most notably its lecture series.","The organizational records series contains those records directly concerned with the library company and its predecessors as organizations. It covers charters, by-laws, contracts, the legal definition of the company, and its history. Charters and by-laws between 1794 and 1944 are generally documented in the minutes and or reprinted in catalogs or the Alexandria Gazette.","The general correspondence series covers a long period of the history of the Library Company and its successors, with the bulk from the modern Library Company after 1954, when more documentation was being produced and captured in a systematic way.","\nFrom the earlier period, one folder covers the old Library Company, including an account of the Civil War and two folders cover the period of the Alexandria Library Association consisting primarily of correspondence with Andrew Carnegie about his financial support. The material from the Alexandria Library Society chiefly consists of copies of minutes. \nFor library related inquiries after 1937 see the extensive public library correspondence in Ms 98.","\nThe post-1954 correspondence includes lecture arrangements, nomination and member correspondence, announcements, and all manner of memoranda and external correspondence.","The financial reports series includes monthly financial reports from the Alexandria Library Association prior the establishment of the public library and annual reports of the Library Company after 1953 along with a limited amount of additional correspondence on related issues.","\nThere is also a file of annual reports which the Library Company was required to make to the state as a corporation.","\nFor records relating to the Alexandria Library Company's efforts to become tax-exempt in the 1980s, see the Organizational Records series.","The meetings series consists chiefly of bound and unbound minutes from the Alexandria Library Company and its successors.","\nThe bound minutes cover the early Library Company from 1794 to its last meeting in 1879, the Alexandria Library Association and Library Society from 1897 through its loss of control of the library in the late 1947, and the Society and modern Library Company from 1948 to 1993.","\nAfter 1937, there are two minute books, one for the \"executive board,\" which ran the library, and the other for the Library Society and later Library Company which appointed some of its members. The 1938-1947 executive board minutes are included in the microfilm copy of the older bound volumes, but the original is located in Ms 98.","\nBylaws, agreements, financial, and membership information often appear in the records, as do records of elections. In some periods, annual reports are pasted into the minute books, which like a lot of library business, was printed in the Gazette.","\nThe unbound meeting records cover the modern period of the Library Company and contain minutes, announcements of meetings, and notes, although for the earlier periods the minutes are merely photocopies of the bound volumes as indicated by page numbers.","The members series contains records relating to the selection, participation, and retention of members of the Library Company, with a focus on the modern period from the 1950s onward. It includes records of the nominating committee, correspondence with and about current or prospective members, and lists of members and guests attending the annual lectures. One of these lists is also available on a 3½ inch disk.","The subscription series consists of bound volumes of records documenting the subscribers of the company while doubling as ledgers for many of the financial transactions of the pre-Lyceum period (1794-1839), with gaps between volumes. Apart from the minutes, the volumes contain the only information on the subscribers of the late 1790s, for which there is a gap in the circulation records.","\nThere are also additional financial records from 1826-1839 and a list of subscribers, paid and not, from 1854. These appear in the same volume (see historical note), along with the circulation records for 1846-1848 in between.","\nThe stubs of printed subscription certificates from 1874-1879 are also included in this series. Each contains an identifying number, the name of a subscriber, and a dollar amount, accompanied in some cases by dates or other notations. A few of the completed patron slips are also in this volume, including dates and the signature of the treasurer.","This series contains information on the annual lecture series, with the bulk covering the period after its revival in 1957. The files for the early years include much of the correspondence arranging for the lectures and information on the lecturers as well as in some cases printed copies of the prepared text. For later years the files consist largely of lecture announcements, programs, and attendance lists. ","\nAudio or video recordings were made of most lectures, but are not currently available. Correspondence relating to the recordings can be found in the relevant subseries. ","\nCorrespondence is also available regarding the production of the printed programs and the selection of speakers during the 1970s along with an undated seat plan. ","\nInformation on attendance and the financial aspects of the lectures can be found in other series. ","\nPrint transcriptions for certain lectures are available in the reading room.","The collection's miscellany includes annual reports of the library, a survey of the old library company books, seals, stationary, and printed matter including poems, fundraising pamphlets, and literature about the library from the League of Women Voters.","The news clippings series consists chiefly of articles about the annual lectures or which report on the annual meetings and the election of officers and members.","The catalogs provide listings of books showing what was available at the library during different time periods and identifying books for some parts of the circulation records. Catalogs also frequently included information on other topics, including the rules of the library, founding documents, library histories, and the value of the books. ","\nTitles were often abbreviated, especially in the working catalogs, and dates of publication were often lacking. This can make identifying a work from the catalog difficult even when copies of it are extant elsewhere. ","\nCatalogs can be used reliably for most of the numerical listings in the circulation records for roughly 1801-1807, 1815-1848, 1856-1862, and 1874-1879. The 1815 catalog was not only bigger than the 1801, but had been renumbered. Because of this practice, the 1801 catalog cannot be relied upon for records prior to its implementation nor after the point in 1807-1808 when its successor went into effect. Since there is no way to know if the 1815 catalog was an extension of the 1808, it likewise cannot be trusted prior to implementation. The 1815 and its supplement were used for a longer period and the 1830-1848 used it as a base, although it altered its system of arrangement leaving around 30 or so numbers undefined for part of the 1830s. The 1856 printed and 1858-1860 working catalogs cover much of the same material and are usable for records into the Civil War. The 1856 is available online in a searchable format and organized to be browsed, while the working catalog is arranged by number. The 1876 copy of the catalog implemented in July 1874 is missing the letters O-P, but is otherwise usable for the last few years of circulation records. ","\nSee specific catalog notes for details. ","The 1801 catalog corresponds to the title numbers 1-452 in the circulations records from around 1802-1808 and offers the number of volumes and value for each. It is hard to be precise since the dates on which it came into and fell out of use at the library are unknown. The fact that books were removed as well as added at the time of its adoption and its organization suggest that it may not be reliable for the 1794-1796 circulation records, and possibly not even for books circulating earlier in 1801 which were likely identified by an earlier catalog. ","\nIn addition to a listing of books, the catalog includes the revised act of incorporation dated September 1799, the laws of the company passed on 2 November 1801 and an alphabetical membership list. \nAt the back is a list of book donations from largest to smallest, including the name of the donor, the total number of volumes donated, and a list of title numbers, along with an index to the catalog and some errata. ","\nIt was printed by Cottom and Stewart in Alexandria and sold for fifty cents a copy. ","This catalog of 1,027 titles includes the title number, number of volumes, and price, as well as a note to indicate whether something was a donation. It is a reliable reference for the decades that followed, but should be used with caution for earlier periods. Comparison with the 1801 catalog shows that titles were inserted with very low numbers, and it is unclear how the 1808 catalog was organized. Given the way the catalog was divided, there is no clear method by which accretions could have been added to the working catalog other than accession order, whereas the 1815 catalog required them to be categorized. ","\nIt is therefore logical to assume that numbers added in between catalog issuances were later changed, and that the 1815 catalog is probably not valid for the preceding period. ","\nThe full title of the catalog included the phrase \"to which are prefixed, the Act of Incorporation; the Laws of the Company, and the Names of the Members,\" but our copy contains only pages 11-46 and does not contain front matter. It is unclear whether the first ten pages were removed, or John A. Stewart's edition was simply printed without them. ","This printed catalog supplement extends the 1815 catalog from #1,027 to #1,728 updating it to August 1830. It was likely published around that time by William Greer, printer, and matches the titles. It matches the numbers of a listing of books dated 1828 in one of the circulation books suggesting that no rearrangement of newer books occurred prior to publication. ","\nThe supplement has most of the same information as the 1815, offering the number, title, volume, and value of each title, but lacks its classification system by size and subject. Despite a short cross-listing of periodical works, it has neither the subject classification nor even alphabetization to make it a ready reference. ","This catalog contains a relisting of the contents of the 1815 catalog and supplement sorted by the first letter of the alphabet with pamphlets listed separately as well as books added between April 1833 and the suspension of library operations after 1848 listed by subject. Although its initial form was compiled by George Drinker some time earlier, it does not appear to gone into effect until sometime after 1834 where there is a gap in circulation records. Because the numbering up to 1,725 remained the same, earlier print catalogs can also be employed for those number for the period from 1815-1848 even though this catalog alone can be used for the numbers 1,726-1,793 during that period.","\nAdditions beyond 1,793 are only usable for the period 1841-1848, because they were relisted here under a combined subject/numbering system after being originally cataloged differently up to around 1,825. The later rearrangement left no record of how those 30 or so numbers should be understood during the period before 1834.","\nThese later additions occupy the latter sections which include materials published from the late-1830s and early 1840s. Other indications of the ongoing nature of the listings include the blank entry for #351 at the end of Novels and Romances and the blank page with the heading \"Biography\" following the rest of that section.","\nThe third, and final section, is the \"List of Books from the Reading Room.\" These are dated 1840-1841, and consist almost entirely of new additions to the periodicals with a few exceptions, chiefly among the first few entries. This suggests that the page may not have been used for its original purpose.","\nThe title/subject organization of the latter part of the catalog is helpful in understanding acquisition priorities during the late-1830s and the Lyceum period of the 1840s.","\nThe inside cover contains a calendar for 1833 going through February 1834, with the Thursdays closest to the middle of each month marked (none are the dates of official meetings). There is also a 29 March 1830 inscription by Drinker, Treasurer, authorizing James Dunlap in financial matters while he is librarian, which may predate the decision to use the book as a catalog. Drinker may have done the first 1,725 entries at that time in preparation for the publication of the 1815 supplement.","As noted in its introduction, the 300 copies of the 1856 catalog were created not as \"a model catalog but such a one as would be practically useful to the readers of the library.\" It serves as a guide to the collection as contemporary subscribers would have known it, covering the first 4,473 volume numbers for this period. For looking up numbers from the circulation records, it is easier to use the searchable catalog of surviving books or the online version. For later acquisitions, one may use the manuscript catalog that was in use internally from 1858-1860 which is arranged by number.","\nIn addition to the aforementioned note on the catalog's creation, the catalog also includes a historical note on the early history of the library and a copy of the 1799 act of incorporation.","This catalog was implemented sometime in the fall of 1858 as an \"amendment\" to the catalog of 1856 and was likely expanded on an ongoing basis up to the Civil War. Since the 1856 catalog was presumably still in use by subscribers, the two contain largely the same information apart from three key differences. Firstly, the 1858 added accretions to the book collection, extending the book numbers from 4,473 to 5,063. The second difference is that it lists the books by number, to assist the librarians in managing the books, rather than by author and title, which in the 1856 catalog assisted subscribers in finding them. Lastly, it should be noted that titles in both catalogs are abbreviated in different ways.","\nDespite the overlap and differences of organization, a person looking up a number in the circulation records between February 1857 and 17 September 1859 may still find it easier to consult a searchable online version of the catalog and reserve use of the 1858 for its last 600 numbers. Starting on 27 September 1859, titles began to appear in the circulation records alongside the numbers, making either catalog usable for numbers below 4,474, although due to unpredictable title abbreviations numerical catalogs remained more reliable.","\nThe catalog was signed by a number of librarians of the company inside the front and back covers, sometimes more than once. This includes a listing made in 1871 which is notable for the presence of names not associated with the title \"librarian\" by the minutes.","The initial form of this catalog was compiled by Doctor Theo West and put into use on 10 July 1874, although there may have been additions by the time it was copied by the directors of the library company into its current form. It was intended for publication, but was later advertised as merely being available at the librarian's desk. It was therefore organized with the aim of finding books by title, like a printed catalog, rather than by number like the manuscript catalogs from before the Civil War. It remained in use until the company shut down after 1880.","\nThe book contains a detailed history of the library company including the text of the 1799 act of incorporation written by \"John Stewart, Keeper of the Rolls.\" It is also the only extant catalog with a book plate, albeit one with the shelf location and classification numbers left blank.","\nThe listing of books is missing the letters O and P at a point where the binding is broken, either because they were removed from this edition or never added in. Title information includes the title and number of each book as well as a \"case\" number (presumably for shelving) and occasional volume and date information. Space is left in many places for additional titles to be added, although in some cases this was handled by inserted slips of paper. For details on the organization of the title list see the arrangement note.","This listing of \"R\" titles is largely the same as that copied by the directors for the 1876 catalog, but appears to be in a different hand (most noticeably the number 8). The listing for \"S\" appears to be the same hand as \"R.\" Also included are two pieces of paper with additional titles, and notes in blue asking that additional space be left for new titles to be added. That feature of the main 1876 catalog is absent here and may be the reason it was not included in a complete volume.","The 1898 catalog provides the earliest record of the library's collection after its reestablishment by the Alexandria Library Association, including numbers of volumes and publications dates for each title. The subject classification allows a simple method of gauging the balance of the collection between different areas, particularly in comparison with the publications of 1906 and 1912. Handwritten notes seem to indicate additions and shelf locations, although the date and provenance of those notes is unclear.","A complete update to the 1898 catalog, the 1906 retained the same basic classification system apart from the addition of 3 new sub-classes. It also includes a chart of subscription prices for the library at the front giving lengths of time and numbers of books and a large number of advertisements from local businesses.","\nFor the new subclasses see arrangement note.","The 1912 supplement to the catalog includes additions to the library collection since 1906 as well as a listing of old magazines, which were not mentioned in the 1906 catalog. Most classification numbers were therefore unneeded. The bulk of the entries appear to be fiction and old magazines.","This typescript contains a listing of \"old magazines\" by title and volume that were in the collection in 1933. It also includes some notes on their condition, such as whether they were bound and missing covers, pages, and volumes.","The circulation records consist of bound volumes containing lists of books checked out. They typically list the name of the subscriber, the date, and some method of identifying the work along with various other details. For much of its history, the old library company identified books only by number, although titles and combinations of numbers and titles began appearing around 1845, with titles becoming commonplace after 1858.","\nThe catalogs can be used reliably for only some of the numerical listings due to additions following the publication of rapidly outdated catalogs and changes in numbering that preceded new ones. They are relevant to some of the numbers for 1801-1807, 1815-1848, 1856-1862, and 1874-1879 (see catalog series notes and below). Because of possible renumbering, the 1801 catalog cannot be relied upon for records prior to its implementation nor after the point in 1807-1808 when its successor went into effect. Since there is no way to know if the 1815 catalog was an extension of the 1808 or if it was the first to change the numbering from the 1801, it likewise cannot be trusted prior to its implementation.","\nThe 1815 and its supplement were used for a longer period and the 1834-1848 catalog used it as a base, despite altering its system of arrangement for later materials and leaving about 30 numbers unclear due to renumbering. The 1856 printed and 1858-1860 working catalogs cover much of the same material and are usable into the Civil War. Notably, the 1856 is available online in a searchable format. It was arranged to be browsed, while the working catalog is arranged by number only. The 1876 copy of the catalog implemented in July 1874 is missing the letters O-P, but is otherwise usable for the last few years of circulation records.","\nEven when numbers cannot be identified, useful information can be inferred from changes in the numbering system and preferences for numbers from particular periods, such as for new acquisitions. One can also use the records to quantify the level of patronage as a whole in various periods. There are no circulation records at the book level from the Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937) and later, although summary reports of circulation became common during the modern period and were often noted in minutes and annual reports.","\nThere are significant gaps in the circulation records, which nominally cover the period from November 1794 to January 1880. These come in several different types. Some of them appear to indicate missing volumes, including July 1795-June 1801, May 1811-February 1814, January 1835-Feburary 1841, September 1848-October 1858, and 1868-1870, but there are also gaps of a few months between volumes in 1805, 1824, 1846, 1871, and 1874. Additionally, there is a month of pages missing from the middle of 1831, and two pages are missing after October 1862, even though returns were noted as late December, before resuming in April 1868 (on the Civil War see the historical note for this series).","\nTitle numbers began at around 200, gradually rising to over 5,000 before the Civil War. After the war, numbers ran below 1,000 for the most part, before changing to numbers over 5,000 again on 4 December 1873 (p.279) and then dropping to lower numbers on 10 July 1874 (p.69), with some titles in the 5000s being renumbered to the 3000s.","\nMany of volumes contain lists of books in their front or back matter, usually including both titles and numbers. This is one of the only sources for matching that information for some periods of the library's history and includes the only reference to the 1808 catalog outside the minutes. They include lists of missing books (the 1822-1824 volume), books sent to be bound (1824-1828 and 1828-1831) and of the Waverly Novels (1822-1824).","\nChanges in the hand recording the information signal personnel changes, and many of the volumes were inscribed with the names of librarians or members of the company, occasionally accompanied by other kinds of scribbling as in 1814-1816, 1831-1834, and especially 1858-1868. There is also some doodling, which appears inside the covers in a modest way in the 1814-1816 volume and far more extensively in the 1841-1848 and 1858-1868 ones. The 1841-1848 also contains doodles among the actual circulation records.","\nFor the columns and specific information that varied over time see the arrangement note for this series.","Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)","Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS002","/repositories/2/resources/128"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)"],"collection_ssim":["Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)"],"repository_ssm":["Alexandria Library"],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Libraries -- Subscription Libraries","Lectures and Lecturing","Associations, institutions, etc"],"geogname_ssim":["Libraries -- Subscription Libraries","Lectures and Lecturing","Associations, institutions, etc"],"creator_ssm":["Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)"],"creator_ssim":["Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)"],"creators_ssim":["Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)"],"places_ssim":["Libraries -- Subscription Libraries","Lectures and Lecturing","Associations, institutions, etc"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Public libraries."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Public libraries."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8.10 Cubic Feet 13 boxes, 2 oversize boxes, 1 record carton"],"extent_tesim":["8.10 Cubic Feet 13 boxes, 2 oversize boxes, 1 record carton"],"date_range_isim":[1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eReel 00037, beginning of the reel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReel 00037, filmed after 1911-1930 volume but before the Executive minutes of 1938-1947.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReel 00037 after 1794-1861 volume.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReel 00037, following 1897-1911 volume.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReel 00037 filmed after 1868-1879 minutes but before the 1938-1947 executive board minutes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1967, Marjorie Darnell Evans completed a multi-year thesis project for Catholic University of America publishing a reorganized 1815 catalog in alphabetical order by author, and a typed copy of the original as an appendix, of which photocopies also exist.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn Archive.org \nhttps://archive.org/details/catalogueofalexa00alex/page/n5\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReel 00039\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Microfilm Copy","Microfilm Copy","Microfilm Copy","Microfilm Copy","Microfilm Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Digitized Copy","Microfilm Copy"],"altformavail_tesim":["Reel 00037, beginning of the reel.","Reel 00037, filmed after 1911-1930 volume but before the Executive minutes of 1938-1947.","Reel 00037 after 1794-1861 volume.","Reel 00037, following 1897-1911 volume.","Reel 00037 filmed after 1868-1879 minutes but before the 1938-1947 executive board minutes.","In 1967, Marjorie Darnell Evans completed a multi-year thesis project for Catholic University of America publishing a reorganized 1815 catalog in alphabetical order by author, and a typed copy of the original as an appendix, of which photocopies also exist.","On Archive.org \nhttps://archive.org/details/catalogueofalexa00alex/page/n5","Reel 00039"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe accounting records in the subscription books shifted back and forth between two systems, one listing transactions chronologically and the other listing them under the names of individuals.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nWith the exception of the 1826-1854 book, all entries are characterized by double-entry bookkeeping, with the left side page documenting money going out (\"to\"), and the right hand page documenting money coming in (\"by\"), this can be confusing as bills for subscriptions seem at times to have been listed in the outgoing section.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nMost of the books begin with indexes of numbered names in no clear order. The same numbers appear in columns toward the right of the accounts pages, just before the amounts, apparently signifying people and groups with which the transactions were undertaken. These numbers should not be confused with the columns on the left indicating the calendar day. They were dropped around 1826.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nPayments under the names of individuals appear in the first part of the 1794-1799 volume, the latter parts of the 1799-1809 and 1809-1819 volumes, and throughout the bulk of the two volumes covering 1820-1828.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArrangement is by year of lecture under its title and orator apart from the seat plan and correspondence on administrative issues. Those are arranged chronologically. Lectures in the modern series were assigned numbers by the Library Company until 1980.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe printed 1801 and 1815 catalogs were arranged by subject and size, with the 1815 supplement seemingly arranged in accession order. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe 1856 printed catalog was arranged alphabetically by author or title. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nWorking catalogs are arranged by number, except that the 1830-1848 switched to a subject system sometime after 1834 and the 1876 is arranged alphabetically. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nCatalogs from 1898 on use a version of the Dewey Decimal System. \nThe old magazines are arranged by title. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSee individual arrangement notes for details. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCivil History, Voyages and Travels, Biography, Antiquities, Geography, and Maps etc. (p.13) \u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFolios (1-9) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eQuartos (10-24) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOctavos (25-109) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDuodecima and Infra (110-151) \u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEcclesiastical History, Theology, Didactic Pieces, Moral Philosophy, and Metaphysics (p.29) \u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFolios (152-154) \u003c/li\u003e\t\n\u003cli\u003eQuartos (155-156) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOctavos (157-188) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDuodecima and Infra (189-218) \u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eArts and Sciences, Natural History, Natural Philosophy, and Miscellaneous Literature (p. 35) \u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFolios (219-222) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eQuartos (223-225) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOctavos (226-266) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDuodecima and Infra (267-293) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLaw, Politics, Political Economy, Agriculture, Commerce, etc. (p.42) \u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFolios (294-295) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eQuartos (296) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOctavos (297-326) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDuodecima and Infra (327-338) \u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePoetry, Plays, Belles Lettres, and Criticism etc. (p.47) \u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOctavos (339-353) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDuodecima and Infra (354-385) \u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNovels and Romances (p.52) \u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOctavos (386) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDuodecimas and Infra (387-427) \u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAppendix and Supplementary (428-452) (p.54) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 1,027 titles were assigned numbers according to the following classification system based on size and subject. The title counts are taken from Evans, 1967.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMiscellaneous Folios (21 titles) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMiscellaneous Quarto (33 titles) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCivil History, Voyages and Travels, Geography, Antiquities, Biography, etc. \u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOctavos (223 titles) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDuodecima and Infra (95 titles) \u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEcclesiastical History, Theology, Essays Moral and Religious, Moral Philosophy and Metaphysics etc. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOctavos (54 titles) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDuodecima and Infra (47 titles) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMiscellaneous _______ General Science, The Arts, Domestic Economy, Natural Philosophy, Periodical Essays, Magazines and Reviews, etc. \u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOctavo (72 titles) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDuodecima and Infra (43 titles) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\t\n\u003cli\u003eLaw, Politics, Political Economy, Agriculture, Commerce, etc. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOctavo (60 titles) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDuodecima and Infra (13 titles) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePoetry, the Drama, Belles Lettres, and Criticism\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOctavo (39 titles) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDuodecima and Infra (13 titles) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNovels and Romances etc. (130 titles) \u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eAppendix-Supplementary and Miscellaneous (30 titles) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe catalog uses a numbering system in which the full number is given only every hundred and but which otherwise provides only the last two digits, hence the sequence: 98, 99, 1100, 01, 02. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe main portion of the catalog appears to be in accession order. At the end of the numbers #1,028-#1,728, a cross-listing of about 20 periodical works appears.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHistory #1-122\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e-Ecclesiastical History\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e \n\u003cli\u003eBiography #1-145\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVoyages and Travels #1-213\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTheology #1-113\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLexicography [crossed out] #1-6\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePeriodicals #1-31\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNovels and Romances #1-350\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs well as the unnumbered subjects: \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cul\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003ePoetry, Belles Letters and the Drama\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eLexicography, Statistics and Encyclopedia\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eChemistry, Minerology, Surgery, and Materia Medica\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003ePeriodicals, Philosophy, and Miscellaneous and General Science\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eLaw, Oratory of the Bar, and Military and Political Journals\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe catalog is arranged alphabetically, usually by author, but otherwise by title. Different volumes bear different numbers. A certain amount of cross-listing is also evident, most obviously through the appendix of Tours, Voyages, and Travels, containing works listed by country that also appear in the main catalog by author. Multi-volume works have the number of volumes indicated following their titles, their numbers end with hyphens to indicate an ascending number for each successive volume.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThere are some variations in how titles are counted. The \"Edinburg Encyclopedia\" for example is listed as #1- with 21 volumes but under \"Encyclopedia, Domestic\" it is listed as \"Edinburg\" with 18 volumes and a separate 3 volume supplement at #19-.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe catalog is arranged numerically from 1 to 5,063 following the model of the 1815 Supplement, with numbers greater than 100 being listed in full only every 100 numbers and at the top of each page, but otherwise by their last two digits (e.g. 98, 99, 3900, 1, 2).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nEntries include the number, title, and volume of the work. The last three pages have volume numbers and titles. Their sequence is unclear and some are periodicals.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe arrangement of the catalog is alphabetical by title with a few additional sections by subject.  The alphabetical portion includes the letters A-N and Q-Y with the letters O and P missing. The subject headings are \"History\" after \"H,\" \"Letters\" after \"L,\" \"Memoirs\" after \"M,\" and \"British Prose Writers\" after \"P.\" A similar practice was used for the \"Pamphlets\" section of Drinker's catalog of the 1830-1848.  Books are numbered up to 4,314.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe main listing of titles is alphabetical by titles beginning with the letters \"R\" and \"S.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArrangement is by classification number and title based on a version of the Dewey Decimal System, but differs from the fifth edition (1894) in some respects, such as listing 973 as \"Egypt\" rather than the United States. (see the 1894 at https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/007477697)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nClass headings and numbers are followed by subclass numbers, the first two letters of the author's name, and a number in case there are multiple books by that author. Volumes and publications dates are appended to the end of the title.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nCase numbers (shelf locations) have been written in by hand as well as additional titles written in the margins.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe classification is identical to the 1898 except for the added subheadings of Cuba, Japan, and Korea.\nThere is an alphabetical index of subjects.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 1912 supplement to the catalog was arranged according the same version of the Dewey Decimal System used in previous publications, with classification numbers for which no books were added to the collection omitted. The two lists of magazines divided them into bound and unbound collections, each arranged by title and date.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetical by title. Note that bound and unbound magazines are grouped together, rather than separated as in the 1912 supplement list.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe original circulation book of 1794-1795 contains two different systems for tracking loans and borrowers. The columns of the initial system included, from left-to-right: patron name, the time the book was out, book number, and book size. Each book size had its own column, which from left-to-right were folio, \"4-to\" (quarto), \"8-vo\" (octavio), \"12-mo\" (duodecimo or twelvemo), and \"16-mo\" (sextodecimo or sixteenmo).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThis method was abandoned, and subsequently an attempt was made to record circulation by subscriber. Each subscriber was assigned a number and accorded a set of pages bearing that number instead of page numbers. An index of them appears at the back with some names crossed out. They are not in alphabetical order on the whole, and may represent the order in which they become subscribers. The left-hand pages list the books taken out and the right-hand pages represent returns. As such, similar years and dates are repeated on both sides.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nBy the start of the 1801-1805 records, the library \nhad switched to a chronological format, which was flexible enough to accommodate increases in the number of subscribers and variations in their degree of patronage but at the cost of making an individual's activity more difficult to isolate. Columns consisted of: patron, title number and volume number, date and day of the week, date returned, and the number of days late and fine (if any).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThis remained standard through 1834 with minor variations, like the addition of a date at the top of the page in the 1814-1818 volume, which lasted into the 1830s, and a key for marks indicating returns and renewals in the 1822-1824 volume.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe 1841-1848 volume introduced a new system which separated each set of records into daily sections, with a heading for each day. The columns from left-to-right provided: title number, patron name, returned date, and subject section; the latter being a feature of the working catalog in use at the time.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAbbreviated titles started to appear near the end of June 1845, with some of them being numbered and others not. By July 1845, a majority of the entries were like that. This method disappeared and reappeared over the years that followed.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nBetween September 1846 and September 1848 the circulation records were kept in the second part of an account book (see notes for the subscription series). The subject system continued during this period under a new organization of columns, consisting of: subject, number (within subject), patron name (with volume number), and finally a column with either a note saying \"return,\" a date, or often a blank field.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe 1857-1858 volume has alphabetical tabs on which patrons are recorded chronologically under the first letter of their name. The columns are also different. From left-to-right they include:  date, patron name (including institutions), title number, and return date. The year is given at the top. In place of a return note, some fields contain other notes like \"mistake\" or \"transferred to Roxbury,\" which are open to interpretation. Titles resume appearing in place of numbers in mid-1858.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe volume covering 1862-1868 shows considerable variation. Initially it featured columns on the left with headings for each day followed by the patron name, while on the right the columns showed the title number and return date. Starting on September 27, 1859 (page 114), the left-hand column was divided between patron name and title, while the columns for title number and return date on the right remained in place. From March 1860 (page 127) to March 1861 (page 175) it returned to the earlier format.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe 1870-1871 volume introduced the columns that would be standard for most of the remainder of the series ending in 1880. They consisted of checkout date, patron name, book title, title number, and return date. The exception was a period beginning in May 1871 and ending on 1 January 1872 of the 1871-1872 volume. During that period, the records provided sections by patron name, with columns for checkout date, title, and return date. There were no title numbers during that period. The arrangement of names was partially alphabetized, possibly reflecting the addition of new names to an originally alphabetical arrangement.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nIt can be difficult to tell what year it is in some of the later volumes. In the 1872-1874 volume year breaks occur on pages 113 (1873) and 292 (1874). In the 1874-1880 volume they occur on pages 137 (1875), 275 (1876), 345 (1877), 375 (1878), 434 (1879), and 454 (1880).\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The accounting records in the subscription books shifted back and forth between two systems, one listing transactions chronologically and the other listing them under the names of individuals.","\nWith the exception of the 1826-1854 book, all entries are characterized by double-entry bookkeeping, with the left side page documenting money going out (\"to\"), and the right hand page documenting money coming in (\"by\"), this can be confusing as bills for subscriptions seem at times to have been listed in the outgoing section.","\nMost of the books begin with indexes of numbered names in no clear order. The same numbers appear in columns toward the right of the accounts pages, just before the amounts, apparently signifying people and groups with which the transactions were undertaken. These numbers should not be confused with the columns on the left indicating the calendar day. They were dropped around 1826.","\nPayments under the names of individuals appear in the first part of the 1794-1799 volume, the latter parts of the 1799-1809 and 1809-1819 volumes, and throughout the bulk of the two volumes covering 1820-1828.","Arrangement is by year of lecture under its title and orator apart from the seat plan and correspondence on administrative issues. Those are arranged chronologically. Lectures in the modern series were assigned numbers by the Library Company until 1980.","The printed 1801 and 1815 catalogs were arranged by subject and size, with the 1815 supplement seemingly arranged in accession order. ","\nThe 1856 printed catalog was arranged alphabetically by author or title. ","\nWorking catalogs are arranged by number, except that the 1830-1848 switched to a subject system sometime after 1834 and the 1876 is arranged alphabetically. ","\nCatalogs from 1898 on use a version of the Dewey Decimal System. \nThe old magazines are arranged by title. ","\nSee individual arrangement notes for details. ","Civil History, Voyages and Travels, Biography, Antiquities, Geography, and Maps etc. (p.13)  Folios (1-9)  Quartos (10-24)  Octavos (25-109)  Duodecima and Infra (110-151)  Ecclesiastical History, Theology, Didactic Pieces, Moral Philosophy, and Metaphysics (p.29)  Folios (152-154)  Quartos (155-156)  Octavos (157-188)  Duodecima and Infra (189-218)  Arts and Sciences, Natural History, Natural Philosophy, and Miscellaneous Literature (p. 35)  Folios (219-222)  Quartos (223-225)  Octavos (226-266)  Duodecima and Infra (267-293)  Law, Politics, Political Economy, Agriculture, Commerce, etc. (p.42)  Folios (294-295)  Quartos (296)  Octavos (297-326)  Duodecima and Infra (327-338)  Poetry, Plays, Belles Lettres, and Criticism etc. (p.47)  Octavos (339-353)  Duodecima and Infra (354-385)  Novels and Romances (p.52)  Octavos (386)  Duodecimas and Infra (387-427)  Appendix and Supplementary (428-452) (p.54) ","The 1,027 titles were assigned numbers according to the following classification system based on size and subject. The title counts are taken from Evans, 1967.","Miscellaneous Folios (21 titles)  Miscellaneous Quarto (33 titles)  Civil History, Voyages and Travels, Geography, Antiquities, Biography, etc.  Octavos (223 titles)  Duodecima and Infra (95 titles)  Ecclesiastical History, Theology, Essays Moral and Religious, Moral Philosophy and Metaphysics etc.  Octavos (54 titles)  Duodecima and Infra (47 titles)  Miscellaneous _______ General Science, The Arts, Domestic Economy, Natural Philosophy, Periodical Essays, Magazines and Reviews, etc.  Octavo (72 titles)  Duodecima and Infra (43 titles)  Law, Politics, Political Economy, Agriculture, Commerce, etc.  Octavo (60 titles)  Duodecima and Infra (13 titles)  Poetry, the Drama, Belles Lettres, and Criticism Octavo (39 titles)  Duodecima and Infra (13 titles)  Novels and Romances etc. (130 titles)  Appendix-Supplementary and Miscellaneous (30 titles) ","The catalog uses a numbering system in which the full number is given only every hundred and but which otherwise provides only the last two digits, hence the sequence: 98, 99, 1100, 01, 02. ","\nThe main portion of the catalog appears to be in accession order. At the end of the numbers #1,028-#1,728, a cross-listing of about 20 periodical works appears.","History #1-122 -Ecclesiastical History Biography #1-145 Voyages and Travels #1-213 Theology #1-113 Lexicography [crossed out] #1-6 Periodicals #1-31 Novels and Romances #1-350","As well as the unnumbered subjects: ","Poetry, Belles Letters and the Drama Lexicography, Statistics and Encyclopedia Chemistry, Minerology, Surgery, and Materia Medica Periodicals, Philosophy, and Miscellaneous and General Science Law, Oratory of the Bar, and Military and Political Journals","The catalog is arranged alphabetically, usually by author, but otherwise by title. Different volumes bear different numbers. A certain amount of cross-listing is also evident, most obviously through the appendix of Tours, Voyages, and Travels, containing works listed by country that also appear in the main catalog by author. Multi-volume works have the number of volumes indicated following their titles, their numbers end with hyphens to indicate an ascending number for each successive volume.","\nThere are some variations in how titles are counted. The \"Edinburg Encyclopedia\" for example is listed as #1- with 21 volumes but under \"Encyclopedia, Domestic\" it is listed as \"Edinburg\" with 18 volumes and a separate 3 volume supplement at #19-.","The catalog is arranged numerically from 1 to 5,063 following the model of the 1815 Supplement, with numbers greater than 100 being listed in full only every 100 numbers and at the top of each page, but otherwise by their last two digits (e.g. 98, 99, 3900, 1, 2).","\nEntries include the number, title, and volume of the work. The last three pages have volume numbers and titles. Their sequence is unclear and some are periodicals.","The arrangement of the catalog is alphabetical by title with a few additional sections by subject.  The alphabetical portion includes the letters A-N and Q-Y with the letters O and P missing. The subject headings are \"History\" after \"H,\" \"Letters\" after \"L,\" \"Memoirs\" after \"M,\" and \"British Prose Writers\" after \"P.\" A similar practice was used for the \"Pamphlets\" section of Drinker's catalog of the 1830-1848.  Books are numbered up to 4,314.","The main listing of titles is alphabetical by titles beginning with the letters \"R\" and \"S.\"","Arrangement is by classification number and title based on a version of the Dewey Decimal System, but differs from the fifth edition (1894) in some respects, such as listing 973 as \"Egypt\" rather than the United States. (see the 1894 at https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/007477697)","\nClass headings and numbers are followed by subclass numbers, the first two letters of the author's name, and a number in case there are multiple books by that author. Volumes and publications dates are appended to the end of the title.","\nCase numbers (shelf locations) have been written in by hand as well as additional titles written in the margins.","The classification is identical to the 1898 except for the added subheadings of Cuba, Japan, and Korea.\nThere is an alphabetical index of subjects.","The 1912 supplement to the catalog was arranged according the same version of the Dewey Decimal System used in previous publications, with classification numbers for which no books were added to the collection omitted. The two lists of magazines divided them into bound and unbound collections, each arranged by title and date.","Alphabetical by title. Note that bound and unbound magazines are grouped together, rather than separated as in the 1912 supplement list.","The original circulation book of 1794-1795 contains two different systems for tracking loans and borrowers. The columns of the initial system included, from left-to-right: patron name, the time the book was out, book number, and book size. Each book size had its own column, which from left-to-right were folio, \"4-to\" (quarto), \"8-vo\" (octavio), \"12-mo\" (duodecimo or twelvemo), and \"16-mo\" (sextodecimo or sixteenmo).","\nThis method was abandoned, and subsequently an attempt was made to record circulation by subscriber. Each subscriber was assigned a number and accorded a set of pages bearing that number instead of page numbers. An index of them appears at the back with some names crossed out. They are not in alphabetical order on the whole, and may represent the order in which they become subscribers. The left-hand pages list the books taken out and the right-hand pages represent returns. As such, similar years and dates are repeated on both sides.","\nBy the start of the 1801-1805 records, the library \nhad switched to a chronological format, which was flexible enough to accommodate increases in the number of subscribers and variations in their degree of patronage but at the cost of making an individual's activity more difficult to isolate. Columns consisted of: patron, title number and volume number, date and day of the week, date returned, and the number of days late and fine (if any).","\nThis remained standard through 1834 with minor variations, like the addition of a date at the top of the page in the 1814-1818 volume, which lasted into the 1830s, and a key for marks indicating returns and renewals in the 1822-1824 volume.","\nThe 1841-1848 volume introduced a new system which separated each set of records into daily sections, with a heading for each day. The columns from left-to-right provided: title number, patron name, returned date, and subject section; the latter being a feature of the working catalog in use at the time.","\nAbbreviated titles started to appear near the end of June 1845, with some of them being numbered and others not. By July 1845, a majority of the entries were like that. This method disappeared and reappeared over the years that followed.","\nBetween September 1846 and September 1848 the circulation records were kept in the second part of an account book (see notes for the subscription series). The subject system continued during this period under a new organization of columns, consisting of: subject, number (within subject), patron name (with volume number), and finally a column with either a note saying \"return,\" a date, or often a blank field.","\nThe 1857-1858 volume has alphabetical tabs on which patrons are recorded chronologically under the first letter of their name. The columns are also different. From left-to-right they include:  date, patron name (including institutions), title number, and return date. The year is given at the top. In place of a return note, some fields contain other notes like \"mistake\" or \"transferred to Roxbury,\" which are open to interpretation. Titles resume appearing in place of numbers in mid-1858.","\nThe volume covering 1862-1868 shows considerable variation. Initially it featured columns on the left with headings for each day followed by the patron name, while on the right the columns showed the title number and return date. Starting on September 27, 1859 (page 114), the left-hand column was divided between patron name and title, while the columns for title number and return date on the right remained in place. From March 1860 (page 127) to March 1861 (page 175) it returned to the earlier format.","\nThe 1870-1871 volume introduced the columns that would be standard for most of the remainder of the series ending in 1880. They consisted of checkout date, patron name, book title, title number, and return date. The exception was a period beginning in May 1871 and ending on 1 January 1872 of the 1871-1872 volume. During that period, the records provided sections by patron name, with columns for checkout date, title, and return date. There were no title numbers during that period. The arrangement of names was partially alphabetized, possibly reflecting the addition of new names to an originally alphabetical arrangement.","\nIt can be difficult to tell what year it is in some of the later volumes. In the 1872-1874 volume year breaks occur on pages 113 (1873) and 292 (1874). In the 1874-1880 volume they occur on pages 137 (1875), 275 (1876), 345 (1877), 375 (1878), 434 (1879), and 454 (1880)."],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical","Presidents and Librarians of the Library","Historical Note","Biographical / Historical","Historical Note","Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["In the 1780s, a discussion group of Alexandria gentlemen called \"The Society for the Promotion of Useful Knowledge\" was formed. In 1794, many of these same individuals gathered to form the nucleus of the Alexandria Library Company (ALC). The ALC was a subscription library modelled after the Philadelphia Library Company, which had also emerged from such a club. ","Society president Reverend John Muir became president of the ALC, a position he would hold for almost 20 years. Many of the library's founders are known to have been members of local Masonic lodges. Elisha Cullen Dick, who had succeeded George Washington as the leader of Lodge 22, was among the first directors of the ALC as well as the secretary of the earlier Society. The first Librarian was Edward Stabler, the proprietor of an apothecary shop. In 1796, Stabler was replaced by James Kennedy, who served as librarian until 1818. Overlaps and family links between the leadership of the library and other Alexandria institutions remained common over the next century and a half. ","For a time, the Alexandria Lyceum (founded in 1838) and the ALC shared a physical space as well as similar missions. The Alexandria Lyceum was founded as part of a national movement focused on educational lectures. The union between the two organizations was dissolved in 1844, but the library continued to rent space from the Lyceum. The library was later said to have been in a state of \"suspended animation\" from around 1846 to 1852. In 1852, a \"Young Men's\" group took over under the original charter, publishing a new catalog in 1856. The library continued to operate into the Civil War. It remained in the Lyceum but not without acrimony, which is evident in the Alexandria Gazette in 1860. ","In October 1867, an agreement was reached with what was variously referred to as the Alexandria Christian Association and the YMCA for assistance with running the library. The library separated from this organization during the early 1870s. By the second half of the 1870s, the library fell into a decline which the directors blamed on the lack of a published catalog. ","The first library catalog had been prepared by Kennedy in 1796 and published sometime thereafter. The earliest catalog of which there is an extant copy was published in 1801, followed by another in 1808 of which there are few traces. A more enduring catalog was created in 1815. The 1830s saw publication of a supplement to the 1815 catalog and the creation of a working catalog that would be used into the late 1840s. Normal circulation records end in April 1861 when the library was converted into a military hospital. There are stray entries in May and December before operations resumed on a limited basis in May 1862 and continued at least through that year. Over a thousand volumes were lost during the war. Due to the decline in usage in the 1870s, a new catalog was produced by librarian Emma J. Young in 1872 but never published. After two years with Young's catalog, another was commissioned from Dr. Theo West, which also went unpublished. As a stopgap, handwritten copies were used by patrons. In 1898, a new catalog was created which utilized a decimal system for the first time. The last published catalog was a supplement to the 1912 version. ","In the late 1870s, appeals were made to the men of Alexandria for support,. The directors met with another \"Young Men's Library Association\" in 1878 without success, records of operations stop after January 1880.","The Gazette reported in January 1881 that the books were now in the custody of the school board, whose membership included William F. Carne, a former library company director and the son of one its former presidents. In May 1887 it reported that Carne, as leader of the board's library committee, was inviting associations wishing to participate in re-opening the library to a meeting at the Peabody school building where the books were held, and explained that he had always intended a reading room to be opened to the public once space was freed up for that purpose.","In June 1887, the Gazette reported that the \"Reading Circle of Washington and Lee Schools\" organized by teachers two years prior and the YMCA would operate the free library during the summer, in the hope that in September \"an effort will be made, with a very fair prospect of success, to re-organize the Library Company.\" Gazette reports in 1890 and 1891 refer to continued efforts by Carne and others to \"re-open\" the library, and in 1892 being part of a \"committee on the project for a free public library,\" but they did not succeed.","In the decades after 1870s librarianship not only professionalized but underwent a rapid gender shift, and apart from the periods in which there was no librarian for financial reasons, no male librarians seem to have been employed until well into the 20th century. Women's library organizations had become common nationally, and along with the philanthropy of Andrew Carnegie played a major role in the growth of public libraries in America starting in the late 19th century.","In September 1897, the Alexandria Library Association led by Virginia Corse received custody of the books then in possession of the school board. With a modest donation from Carnegie, by 1898 the library was back in business, but as a subscription library, it would not become a free public library for almost 40 years. The new library needed a new librarian, and after one or two initial hires, the association found Alice Green (1865-1956), who would serve from 1902-1937 and in a lesser capacity into the mid-1940s. During this period, space for the library was rented from the United Daughters of the Confederacy (UDC).","The Depression brought financial hardship. As the crisis worsened in early 1931, the association had obtained $1,000 from the city council to form \"a nucleus for the establishment of a public library.\" Discussion of becoming a public library had been common since the 1920s, as the efforts of Carnegie and others had made them the norm nationally. Attempts were made to sell older books and hold fundraisers as subscription fees dried up. There was also a dispute with the UDC over a rent increase in 1933. The library was aided by the wealth of its members, including a $5,000 bequest in 1935 from its long-time treasurer, Margaret L. Smoot.","Members built political support both on the council and among the public in the mid-1930s and in 1937 it was agreed that a building would be constructed on the site of the old cemetery of the Society of Friends and that the city government would cover annual expenses of no more than $5,000 for the association to operate a free library. One member of the board would be appointed by the city. The new governing organization was rebranded the Alexandria Library Society.  Agreements were signed in January, and the library opened at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch's current location, 717 Queen Street.","Another change after 1937 was the gender composition of the leadership. Men served on the board of the new Society and played prominent roles after 1937. After 1948 they typically occupied the presidency of the organization. Most elections were unanimous, often with women casting most of the votes, but it ceased to be a women's organization. ","In 1945 a technicality in the Society's contract with the city was brought to the attention of the board. Namely that the $5,000 the city was obligated to provide each year was not the minimum but rather the maximum contribution, and that the higher appropriations it had been making were illegal. The city took this as an opportunity to demand a contract change beyond the funding formula. Although the men of the city council had representation on the board, the women of the Society were still ultimately running the library, and the Society was asked to allow a majority of the executive board to be appointed by the city, and a minority by the Society. That the city legally \"owned the building and all its contents\" so long as it paid $5,000 per year was also pointed out. The Alexandria Library Society signed the new contract, surrendering control of the library in November 1947. In its reduced role, the Society still elected members to the board and received reports from the librarian. It also retained independent funds that could be used for the benefit of the library. With the library now fully the city's responsibility, the membership was also able to more openly advocate for additional funding.","Another longstanding issue at the library was race. The president's 1928 annual report had endorsed becoming a \"free city library,\" but feared that becoming a Carnegie library \"would bring in some elements hitherto unknown and I think undesirable in our Library.\" In the 1930s the library association favored providing segregated facilities, but, after repeated meetings with the city council, failed to achieve even that modest goal. In the 13 March, 1939, minutes, the issue was revisited yet again, but without result. ","Four days later on 17 March 1939, Sergeant George Wilson was turned down for a library card because of his race and Samuel Tucker filed a civil rights lawsuit against the librarian on his behalf. Plans for a segregated facility were dusted off, and new staff was hired so that the librarian could focus on the controversy. On 21 August 1939, several black men organized by Tucker entered the library and followed Wilson's example, but after being refused, seated themselves in the library with books, beginning America's first library sit-in. It ended only after the city manager called the police, and all were arrested. The lawsuit was dismissed on technical grounds, but to prevent a new lawsuit the city approved the Robert H. Robinson branch, which opened in 1940. Tucker refused to accept a card there. ","A major issue in the early 1950s was the push to expand the overcrowded main library serving the white community. The white librarian at the time, who had been hired in a junior capacity during Tucker's campaign in 1939, suggested to the Society that the expansion could be an opportunity to integrate. In the midst of the debates over expansion and additional funding, an opportunity emerged to purchase a neighboring building on the corner of North Columbus and Queen, which was later demolished. This prompted a discussion about the Alexandria Library Society's connection to the original library company. It was decided to change the name from the \"Alexandria Library Society\" to the \"Alexandria Library Company,\" make the appropriate filings with the state government, and reinstate the 1799 charter, which would be revised by the legislature in the 1980s to help obtain tax-exempt status from the IRS.","This name change was completed at one of the company's most consequential meetings in February 1956. Every member was asked to sign their name in the minute book to signal their assent. A letter from a local civil rights activist questioning the legality of library segregation was also read, but deemed the province of the library board, which referred the matter back to the company whose reply is not preserved.","Member Mangum Weeks thereupon raised the question of the future role of the Library Company, and proposed resuming the tradition of annual lectures dating from the Lyceum period using funds from the newly instituted membership dues. This proposal was adopted, and preparing the annual lectures soon became a major focus of the Company. The Library Company continues to appoint members to the board of the Alexandria Library and hold its annual lecture series. It commissioned a new history of the library by William Seale in 2007, which can be found at the Local History and Special Collections Branch.","Chronological listings for both presidents of the board and librarians up to the modern day.","Presidents of the Library Company and Its Successors February 1794-February 1813 Rev. James Muir February 1813-February 1815 Hugh Smith February 1815-March 1824 John Roberts March 1824-February 1829 Hugh Smith February 1829-February 1835 John Richards February 1835-February 1840 John Roberts February 1840-1852 Elias Harrison 1852-February 1855 J. Louis Kinzer February 1855-September 1858 Francis Miller September 1858- February 1859 Richard L. Carne February 1859-September 1859 Caleb S. Hallowell September 1859-February 1860 William G. Cazenove February 1860-February 1870 Richard L. Carne February 1870-February 1873 K. Kemper February 1873-October 1873 Samuel H. Janney October 1873-February 1874 Sidney C. Neale February 1874-June 1879 Mercer Slaughter September 1897-October 1905 Virginia Corse July 1906-June 1925 Mrs. Samuel. L. Monroe October 1925-April 1930 Loula Smoot April 1930-November 1933 Mrs. Henry B. Soule, [Jessie E. Soule] December 1933-December 1934 Mary Lloyd December 1934-December 1936 Susan Thomson December 1936-November 1937 Mrs. Louis Scott November 1937-November 1944 Mrs. Curtis Backus November 1944-November 1946 Mrs. [Lawrence] Fawcett, [Mary Fawcett] November 1946-November 1947 Howard Worth Smith November 1947-October 1948 [Miss Anne] Lewis Jones October 1948-October 1949 Miss Horne October 1949-October 1950 Mr. Stanley King October 1950-December 1951 Mr. [Joseph] Crockett December 1951-February 1955 Mr. Robert Moncure February 1955-February 1957 Dr. [W. Bruce] Silcox February 1957-February 1959 Stanley King February 1959-February 1962 Mangum Weeks February 1962-February 1963 Richard Bales February 1963-February 1965 Donald King February 1965-February 1967 David Squires February 1967-February 1969 Howard Worth Smith Jr. February 1969-February 1971 William Francis Smith February 1971-February 1972 John T. Ticer February 1972-February 1974 David M. Abshire February 1974-February 1976 Mrs. Merill Beede February 1976-February 1978 Mrs. Douglas Lindsey February 1978-February 1980 Clarke T. Cooper Jr. February 1980-February 1982 William Seale February 1982-February 1983 Denys Peter Myers February 1983-February 1985 William B. Hurd February 1985-February 1986 George J. Stansfield February 1986-February 1987 Dr. Ernest A. Connally February 1987-February 1989 Dr. Wilton C. Corkern, Jr. February 1989-March 1991 James M. Lewis March 1991-March 1992 Mrs. Anne Smith Paul March 1992-March 1993 Richard R. G. Hobson March 1993-March 1995 Dabney Waring March 1995-March 1997 James R. Hobson March 1997-March 1998 Robert C. Reed March 1998-March 2000 Neil Horstman March 2000-March 2002 Carroll Johnson March 2002-March 2003 Thomas C. Brown Jr.","Librarians of Alexandria February 1794-February 1796 Edward Stabler February 1796-February 1818 James Kennedy February 1818-August 1826 William Cranch August 1826-October 1829 W. Samuel Mark October 1829-March 1845 George Drinker March 1845-September 1845 James M. Eaches September 1845-September 1852 C.F. Stuart September 1852-April 1853 H. W. P. Junius September 1852-April 1853 L.? Hunter November 1853 Office Abolished February 1854-October 1855 E. M.[Magruder?] Lowe October 1855-September 1858 Norval E. Foard September 1858-February 1859 S. Scott February 1859-September 1859 Edward R. Roxbury September 1859-February 1860 James A. Clarridge February 1860-April 1861 Charles R. Burgess (acting) April 1861-Unknown Edwin N. Wise March 1868 Wr. Bushby April 1870-May 1871 August Henning July 1871-March 1872 W. F. Stansbury March 1872-August 1873 Emma J. Young October 1873-March 1876 Emily English March 1876 Position Eliminated June 1879 R. Pendleton Bruin (unofficial? acting?) October 1900-October 1903 F. Olive Lyons October 1903-April 1937 (continued part-time, mentioned up to 1946) Alice Green April 1937-December 1938 Miss Beatrice Workman January 1939-January 1941 Katherine Scoggin (later Martyn) February 1941-June 1948 Bessie Watson July 1948-June 1969 (hired part-time October 1939, letter of resignation later that month) Ellen C. Burke July 1969-October 1992 (librarian from 1958) Jeanne G. Plitt","The initial combination of financial and subscription records likely reflected the company's initial dependence on subscription fees, in contrast to the later subscription library in the city that relied more on donors. This recordkeeping system appears to have been a casualty of the merger with the Lyceum, which became official in early 1840.","\nAs the physical volume in use at that time was still mostly blank, it was repeatedly repurposed, first for additional circulation records (until these too lapsed) and later for a \"list of Stockholders and the amount due from each for the year commencing the 13th February 1854,\" which likely relates to the revitalization of the company after its agreement with the Young Men's group. The agreement required the men to find 100 subscribers, and the list was likely prepared for the annual meeting originally scheduled for 20 February (a week after the date on the list), at which it was decided to void the shares of individuals who had not paid.","The 1980 lecture of Dr. William Dudley on \"Captain Gordon and the Raid on Alexandria 1814\" was recorded but was left off the lists of annual lectures printed in later years. It marks the point at which the sequential numbering of annual lectures was stopped. The reason for this is unknown.","No catalog was published under the first librarian, but four were published during the 1796-1818 tenure of his successor.","\nOn 29 December 1796 he was directed to prepare a catalog of books \"classed according to their size and arranged in the order of the alphabet, with the number and cost or value of each,\" although a March 1797 entry suggests that it was still not complete four months later. No copy of this catalog has survived, but there would have been between 200 and 400 titles at that time.","\nThe growth of the collection was driven in part by the acceptance of books in place of subscription fees and the purchase of private libraries. In May 1800 a committee was formed to examine its acquisitions for books that were \"useless, superfluous or of immoral tendency,\" which decided in September to postpone acting on them until it was time to print a new catalog. That time came on 2 November 1801 when a committee was appointed to assist the librarian in creating a new catalog.","\nOn 1 February 1808 the board decided to print a new catalog at 50 cents a copy because \"many members were without any.\" On 2 May this catalog was reported to be largely complete. Another meeting was planned shortly thereafter so that it could be printed \"without delay.\" That meeting is undocumented, if indeed it took place. No copy of this catalog or any direct record of its publication is currently known. But it must have existed since it was referenced in a later circulation book and the librarian received a bonus for his work on it in March 1809.","\nOn 2 May 1814, it was decided to create another new catalog. It would eventually have 1,027 numbers, which circulation records show the library had reached by July 1814. On 14 November 1814, the librarian reported the catalog \"ready for the press.\" He was instructed to obtain 150 copies \"with all convenient dispatch,\" a number raised to 200 the following month. In February 1815, he reported the catalog \"about half-finished\" and presented a copy to the board, which set a price of 50 cents. In March he received compensation for \"his additional trouble in preparing the new catalogue for the press,\" suggesting that the printing had been completed.","\nThe 1815 catalog was later extended by a published supplement that added additional numbers. Unlike other printed works, there is no mention of when the supplement was produced in the minutes. It is, however, clear from circulation records that all its books had circulated by 14 August 1830. According to the minutes, a meeting had been called for 10 May 1830 only to be quickly adjourned \"there appearing no business requiring the attention of the board,\" and quarterly meetings on 2 August and 2 November were adjourned, lacking a quorum. The librarian at the time had replaced his predecessor in October 1829 and been confirmed in the position the following March. It seems plausible that he pushed to update the catalog after becoming librarian but that the question was either not deemed important or could not be addressed due to the lack of quorum but that it was printed in 1830 anyway.","\nAt the same time, a working catalog was created for use in the library itself. It is the earliest preserved catalog of this type but was probably not the first. It contains a relisting of the contents of the 1815 catalog and supplement sorted by the first letter of the alphabet with pamphlets listed separately as well as books added between April 1833 and the suspension of library operations after 1848 listed by subject. Although its initial form was compiled some time earlier, it does not appear to have come into use until sometime after 1834 where there is a gap in the circulation records. The first 1,725 entries may have been added at the time of the 1815 supplement with the shift to a new method of arrangement occurring later. ","\nOn 8 March 1856 a committee of the revived library company was assigned to rearrange and renumber the books for publication. On 29 November 1856, the board voted for 300 copies of the finished catalog to be produced.","\nOn 18 June 1858 board president Andrew Jamison resigned. On 4 September Richard L. Carne, the chairmen of the committee on the catalog and president pro-tem submitted \"his amendment to the catalog\" and appointed Sylvester Scott as librarian to constitute a \"committee of revisal.\" A new working catalog is preserved from this period continuing into the Civil War, although it does not appear to have been published.","\nFrom the reestablishment of the library in the late 1860s to its failure at the close of the 1870s the lack of a published catalog to advertise the available books was identified as a major issue. The last version of the catalog prior to the Civil War had contained over 5,000 books, of which it was estimated in 1871 that 1,000-1,500 had been lost.","\nCirculations records from the early 1870s feature book numbers around 1,000 that do not correspond to any known listing, and numbers were abandoned entirely from May 1871 to January 1872. It was decided on 2 October 1872 to create a new catalog, and the task was assigned to the new librarian, Emma Young. The fact that the numbers of the circulating books changed to include some with numbers over 5,000 after 4 December 1872 indicates that this work was completed, but it was never published and there is no surviving catalog from that period.","\nThe limited use of the catalog is evident from the prevalence of high numbered works among those in circulation. The highest numbers indicated recent acquisitions, which often received announcements in the Alexandria Gazette.","\nAt the 20 February 1874 meeting, it was noted that \"the last catalogue was published some years previous to the war and had become, by reasons of subsequent losses and additions, very incomplete\" and the board decided to appoint Dr. Theo West \"to catalogue and arrange the books.\" They planned to print the catalog in time for the 1875 annual meeting, but printing was postponed indefinitely. ","\nThe new catalog went into effect on 10 July 1874 as seen in the shift in circulation records from a system with numbers up to around 5,800 to a new catalog going to 4,314, but again they were unable to publish it.  Seven months later at the 19 February 1875 meeting, it was decided to arrange a printing \"as soon as possible,\" but this did not occur either.","\nOn 10 March 1876 the board decided upon a different plan. The catalog was to be divided among the directors so that copies might be made \"for the librarian's desk.\" The published account of the 21 February 1877 annual meeting noted that \"many persons have given as a reason for not becoming subscribers the inaccessibility of the old library which was not catalogued. This plea no longer holds.\" Doctor West's catalog \"copied by members of the Board without expense, bound in good style, can now always be found on the Librarian's desk.\" Operations ceased and the books went into storage a few years later.","\nAt the 8 January 1898 meeting of the newly formed Alexandria Library Association, it was moved that the \"the catalogue be printed at once\" with the addition of blank pages between the leaves for advertisements from city merchants.","\nThis catalog was the first to use a version of the Dewey Decimal System, which had become popular since its first publication in 1888, reaching its 5th edition in 1894. This was the first modern classification system in the history of the Alexandria Library.","\nSubsequent to the publication of the 1898 catalog in January of that year, there are several mentions of publishing \"supplements\" such as on 11 April 1899 and 11 July 1899 which may refer to the practice of publishing notices with the titles of new additions in the Alexandria Gazette, such as those of 6 July and 13 July 1899.","\nOn 1 January 1902 there was a push for a \"supplementary catalogue (being a catalogue of books up to date) be printed\" and the president appointed a committee for that purpose. It was postponed pending the catalog's completion. On 9 October 1906 the board voted to accept an offer from a Mr. White to print 1000 copies in return for advertising space. According to the 8 January 1907 minutes, the library was given half the copies of the 1906 catalog for free, of which it sold 200 and gave 300 away.","\nThe 12 April 1910 minutes mention a decision to \"again postpone the publication a supplementary catalogue.\" On 23 January 1912 it was again put off until the 9 April meeting, where it was decided for a new catalog to be printed and priced at five cents a copy and \"to have the names of the old magazines put into the new catalogue but not into the card catalogue.\" On 12 June 1912 it was reported that \"the catalogue was in the hands of the printer and that Mrs. Monroe was reading the proof\" and the \"new catalog\" was deemed \"ready for distribution\" on 8 October 1912.","\nThe annual report at that same meeting noted that \"the year has also seen the completion of the labelling, classifying, and cataloguing of all the old and valuable magazines which the Board has for so long a time desired to put into shape for distribution,\" which a review of the supplement suggests meant works in good condition available for circulation.","\nOn 11 April 1933 Mrs. Newell \"volunteered to catalogue old magazines in order that their value may be ascertained.\"  On 9 May 1933 she presented a \"typewritten list\" of \"old magazines\" for appraisal as part of their depression era fundraising efforts. On 10 October she reported them to be of \"no value\" and suggested having them sent to the Salvation Army for use as old paper. On 8 January 1934 the board approved this proposal for those magazines of \"no value,\" which do not appear to have included many titles listed in this catalog.","\nNo explicit reason for the abandonment of published catalogs after 1912 was given, but the allusion to card catalogs suggests that it was a final step in the transition from numerical catalogs, which favored bound volumes by allowing new titles to be added to the end of the sequence, to the Dewey Decimal System, which required new titles to be inserted in the correct place in the existing list and was more easily managed with cards which did not require leaving space for new titles as the 1876 catalog had.","The circulation records began with the original library company in 1794 and continued until its collapse in 1880. Some of the gaps in the records reflect periods during which its activity was disrupted.","\nDuring the War of 1812, British forces arrived in Alexandria on 29 August 1814 and remained there until 2 September. The library normally closed on Sundays, and remained closed from Sunday 28 August through Tuesday 30 August. It opened from 31 August to 2 September, during which time only four books circulated.","\nThe library was also affected by the Civil War. Hostilities between the Union and Confederacy began at Fort Sumter on 12 April 1861. A vote on Virginia secession was held on 17 April and ratified by a referendum on 23 May. Alexandria was occupied by Union forces the following day. Confederate forces had briefly made use of the Lyceum building housing the library, but it later served as a hospital for the Union. Some books were moved out but others were not.","\nIt is unclear were the library operated from in 1861 and 1862, but it did operate. There was a significant reduction in circulation leading up to the war, dropping to a single entry for 22 April 1861. Solitary patrons were recorded for 18th and 30th of May, and an individual withdrew a book every day through 21-25 December, although the May and December entries are in a different hand and initially broke with the format. In early June 1862 however, the library resumed semi-regular hours, usually opening only Tuesday and Thursday but occasionally other days. Records continue into mid-October, after which two pages are missing from the book before it resumes in 1868. Returns are dated as late as December 1862, and it is unclear when the library ceased operations.","\nAttempts to preserve the library in the late 1870s were unsuccessful, and the number of pages per year charts its decline and eventual failure over the second half of the decade."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVolume ended up with the Leadbeater family in the 1860s but was donated back in 1922. Was moved at one point in Collection 98 (Library Records after 1937) but was moved back to the Library Company Records in 2018.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFilmed 5/1/1969\n\"Alexandria Library Minute Books - 6 Vols\"\nUniversity of Virginia Library Photographic Service\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFilmed 5/1/1969\n\"Alexandria Library Minute Books - 6 Vols\"\nUniversity of Virginia Library Photographic Service\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFilmed 5/1/1969 \n\"Alexandria Library Minute Books - 6 Vols\"\nUniversity of Virginia Library Photographic Service\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFilmed 5/1/1969\n\"Alexandria Library Minute Books - 6 Vols\"\nUniversity of Virginia Library Photographic Service\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFilmed 5/1/1969\n\"Alexandria Library Minute Books - 6 Vols\"\nUniversity of Virginia Library Photographic Service\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFilmed 5/1/1969\n\"Alexandria Library Minute Books - 6 Vols\"\nUniversity of Virginia Library Photographic Service\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA microfilm reproduction of a copy from the Library of Congress with an 1876 stamp donated as a gift of Mr. Allen Reese 3/1/49.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Filming","Filming","Filming","Filming","Filming","Filming","Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Volume ended up with the Leadbeater family in the 1860s but was donated back in 1922. Was moved at one point in Collection 98 (Library Records after 1937) but was moved back to the Library Company Records in 2018.","Filmed 5/1/1969\n\"Alexandria Library Minute Books - 6 Vols\"\nUniversity of Virginia Library Photographic Service","Filmed 5/1/1969\n\"Alexandria Library Minute Books - 6 Vols\"\nUniversity of Virginia Library Photographic Service","Filmed 5/1/1969 \n\"Alexandria Library Minute Books - 6 Vols\"\nUniversity of Virginia Library Photographic Service","Filmed 5/1/1969\n\"Alexandria Library Minute Books - 6 Vols\"\nUniversity of Virginia Library Photographic Service","Filmed 5/1/1969\n\"Alexandria Library Minute Books - 6 Vols\"\nUniversity of Virginia Library Photographic Service","Filmed 5/1/1969\n\"Alexandria Library Minute Books - 6 Vols\"\nUniversity of Virginia Library Photographic Service","A microfilm reproduction of a copy from the Library of Congress with an 1876 stamp donated as a gift of Mr. Allen Reese 3/1/49."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe binding is almost completely broken and many leaves are loose.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Preservation Issues"],"odd_tesim":["The binding is almost completely broken and many leaves are loose."],"originalsloc_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMs 2-2\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMs 2-3\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMs 2-3\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMs 2-3\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMs 2-3\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 98-2 Folder 16\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMs 2-9\u003c/p\u003e"],"originalsloc_heading_ssm":["Original","Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals"],"originalsloc_tesim":["Ms 2-2","Ms 2-3","Ms 2-3","Ms 2-3","Ms 2-3","Box 98-2 Folder 16","Ms 2-9"],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|7a4491fe-5b8d-43e9-aa46-69ecce4c0734/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|b7440eb8-cab3-49ef-a806-544c69df6052/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|45250c6e-0ae5-4c4b-8138-4c4c511858e8/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|4e39853c-b5a8-4675-a06f-7953899ae59a/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|fdb1b89e-1b2d-4dfd-9fa2-465e616067bf/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|2dfd54ff-e8ce-43ba-9000-ab683da7a8ef/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|2c80870f-ddfb-4167-8253-d65296d7cd86/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|ad158688-2c04-4ab7-afd1-df8e3379bae0/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|abf75092-01fd-4353-bede-44d7b5bbeb8f/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|6be8ecf3-e13c-4657-a7cb-262a9f1f4a59/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|6906239b-1b0f-4b89-aec4-9aa352a5df59/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|a7738ce6-d450-47bd-a4d5-1e83cbcbf467/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|497faa8c-6bf1-4057-8680-39ce21028a8d/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|43e96f9a-0de2-4fcf-bda7-fc6c6012999b/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|246a553a-bb3d-4758-b2ef-968fc9d23b9a/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|78a8358d-f035-4220-bd72-8bc1978f19f0/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|e9186ddb-de0f-43a7-8acf-363c6be1cf83/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|5a7fe0d4-0da7-4532-a9c3-9213ecd39bb3/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|995b0274-3101-4553-aaee-70bcc822225b/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|5e1c25f0-b2eb-4bbd-a254-8552d26c1615/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|453efb51-92e1-4f4c-b18d-fa7a15c12d01/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|794d5ea7-a3b9-4a44-89cb-a9affbfdcb68/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection"],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMany of the books have damaged bindings or missing covers. The 1801-1805 volume has both problems, while the 1809-1811 is missing a page and the front cover. The 1814-1816 is also missing pages, as is the 1858-1868 volume for the crucial period of 1862-1863.\u003c/p\u003e"],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Preservation Issues"],"phystech_tesim":["Many of the books have damaged bindings or missing covers. The 1801-1805 volume has both problems, while the 1809-1811 is missing a page and the front cover. The 1814-1816 is also missing pages, as is the 1858-1868 volume for the crucial period of 1862-1863."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Item], Alexandria Library Company Records, MS002, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Item], Alexandria Library Company Records, MS002, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA reprocessing project begun in 2018 incorporated several boxes of previously unprocessed materials dating from the 1960s to the 2000s, with the bulk dating from after 1980. They included many short, overlapping sequences of correspondence, lecture, meeting, and member records which were merged into continuations of established series including primarily correspondence and lectures but also meetings and member correspondence. The \"subject files\" were added to the existing miscellaneous series. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nSeveral other changes were also made. A re-examination of the catalog, subscription, and circulation books was undertaken and most were renumbered, described, and relabeled based on primary source research. The 1794-1861 minute book that had been donated back in 1922 was also discovered misfiled in Ms 98 (which covers the library proper since 1937) and was returned to its original collection. Some letters found in minute books were moved to the correspondence series, and their original locations were bookmarked with acid free paper. Photocopies of catalogs were removed. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords concerning individual lectures, such as programs and invitations, were foldered by individual lecture unless part of a separate series. This permitted the titles of lectures and names of lecturers to be better indexed and gaps in documentation to be made more obvious than would have been the case with separate subseries for programs, transcripts, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere is no mention of when the supplement was produced in the minutes, which is odd for a printed pamphlet. As a result dating was attempted starting from the circulation records, which showed the #1,728 was first checked out on 14 August 1830. According to the minutes, a meeting had been called for 10 May 1830, only to be quickly adjourned \"there appearing no business requiring the attention of the board,\" and quarterly meetings on 2 August and 2 November adjourned for lack of a quorum.  The librarian at the time, George Drinker, had replaced his predecessor in October 1829 and been confirmed in the position in March, so the working hypothesis is that he pushed to update the catalog after becoming librarian but the question was either not deemed important or could not be addressed due to the lack of a quorum and that it was printing anyway sometime in 1830. That date may need to be updated in light of additional evidence in the future (e.g. the Gazette becoming searchable for the 1830s).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe location of the original is unknown despite Library of Congress Classification number noted by a previous processor resembling that of the original 1815 catalog. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe collection originally contained a photocopy which was removed. I had the image of a staple, suggesting it was a copy of a copy. It was not correctly dated. A modern processor had written \"NOT used. The # sequence would conflict with 1815 catalogue complied by Evans\" in reference to the effort to reconstruct the 1815 arrangement made by Marjorie Darnell Evans, possibly the only record that the individual had access to, and added an \"1815\" date in pen. This is all the more perplexing as another hand had also added a \"1\" before the first number to highlight the fact that the numbers were higher than the 1815 catalog, a fact that tendency to list only the last two digits otherwise obscured.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis volume was difficult to date, for while an inscription makes clear that the book itself was in possession of the library by the end of March 1830, it does not make clear that it was being applied to its intended purpose. It contains a calendar suggesting 1833-1834, but books go until at least 1841 and perhaps 1844, and publication date can differ greatly from acquisition date. Circulation records also show that while created earlier, it was not yet the primary catalog by 1834, and due to gaps in the records we can only demonstrate that the subject system was in use between 1841 and 1848. Although Drinker's name is everywhere, his long service as librarian prevents this information from being particularly useful. In light of all this, it was given a recordkeeping date of 1830-1848, indicating that the collection was documented and it could have been used by librarians during that period, new books were recorded there covering this period, even though the period of active use may have begun at a later, unknown date.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA previous processor had dated this catalog \"1799?\" but the second page of titles lists an \"Address on the Life and actions of Gen. R. E. Lee delivered on the 12th of Oct. 1871 before the Society of Confederate Soldiers and Sailors in Maryland\" which seemed unlikely to predate the Civil War by so many years, so a later date was sought. Although the initial catalog was completed in 1874, it has been given the date of 1876 when this copy was physically created by the directors.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA copy of the \"S\" section of the 1876 catalog was found in the circulation book for the early 1840s, although it dated from decades later. It was moved to the same folder as the \"R\" section, being from the same period and seemingly in the same hand. They were also given a date along with the 1876 catalog.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA photocopy of the original was removed from the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe catalog was previously dated to the 19th century, but has been dated to May 1933 based on the minutes as described in the historical note. The specific reference to a typescript in connection with the term \"old magazines\" in 1933 is difficult to ignore and the scattered notes on condition fit with the goal of appraising the magazines being pursued at that time. I also found it unlikely that the list was drawn up in 1912 as part of the catalog supplement for that year given the differences in arrangement, like the supplement separating bound and unbound volumes, and the differences in contents, like the absence of the Atheneum from the supplement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA copy of the \"S\" section of the 1876 catalog was found in this circulation book, although it obviously dated from decades later than its period of active use. It was moved to the same folder as the \"R\" section.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information","Processing Information","Processing Information","Processing Information","Processing Information","Processing Information","Processing Information","Processing Information","Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["A reprocessing project begun in 2018 incorporated several boxes of previously unprocessed materials dating from the 1960s to the 2000s, with the bulk dating from after 1980. They included many short, overlapping sequences of correspondence, lecture, meeting, and member records which were merged into continuations of established series including primarily correspondence and lectures but also meetings and member correspondence. The \"subject files\" were added to the existing miscellaneous series. ","\nSeveral other changes were also made. A re-examination of the catalog, subscription, and circulation books was undertaken and most were renumbered, described, and relabeled based on primary source research. The 1794-1861 minute book that had been donated back in 1922 was also discovered misfiled in Ms 98 (which covers the library proper since 1937) and was returned to its original collection. Some letters found in minute books were moved to the correspondence series, and their original locations were bookmarked with acid free paper. Photocopies of catalogs were removed. ","Records concerning individual lectures, such as programs and invitations, were foldered by individual lecture unless part of a separate series. This permitted the titles of lectures and names of lecturers to be better indexed and gaps in documentation to be made more obvious than would have been the case with separate subseries for programs, transcripts, etc.","There is no mention of when the supplement was produced in the minutes, which is odd for a printed pamphlet. As a result dating was attempted starting from the circulation records, which showed the #1,728 was first checked out on 14 August 1830. According to the minutes, a meeting had been called for 10 May 1830, only to be quickly adjourned \"there appearing no business requiring the attention of the board,\" and quarterly meetings on 2 August and 2 November adjourned for lack of a quorum.  The librarian at the time, George Drinker, had replaced his predecessor in October 1829 and been confirmed in the position in March, so the working hypothesis is that he pushed to update the catalog after becoming librarian but the question was either not deemed important or could not be addressed due to the lack of a quorum and that it was printing anyway sometime in 1830. That date may need to be updated in light of additional evidence in the future (e.g. the Gazette becoming searchable for the 1830s).","\nThe location of the original is unknown despite Library of Congress Classification number noted by a previous processor resembling that of the original 1815 catalog. ","\nThe collection originally contained a photocopy which was removed. I had the image of a staple, suggesting it was a copy of a copy. It was not correctly dated. A modern processor had written \"NOT used. The # sequence would conflict with 1815 catalogue complied by Evans\" in reference to the effort to reconstruct the 1815 arrangement made by Marjorie Darnell Evans, possibly the only record that the individual had access to, and added an \"1815\" date in pen. This is all the more perplexing as another hand had also added a \"1\" before the first number to highlight the fact that the numbers were higher than the 1815 catalog, a fact that tendency to list only the last two digits otherwise obscured.","This volume was difficult to date, for while an inscription makes clear that the book itself was in possession of the library by the end of March 1830, it does not make clear that it was being applied to its intended purpose. It contains a calendar suggesting 1833-1834, but books go until at least 1841 and perhaps 1844, and publication date can differ greatly from acquisition date. Circulation records also show that while created earlier, it was not yet the primary catalog by 1834, and due to gaps in the records we can only demonstrate that the subject system was in use between 1841 and 1848. Although Drinker's name is everywhere, his long service as librarian prevents this information from being particularly useful. In light of all this, it was given a recordkeeping date of 1830-1848, indicating that the collection was documented and it could have been used by librarians during that period, new books were recorded there covering this period, even though the period of active use may have begun at a later, unknown date.","A previous processor had dated this catalog \"1799?\" but the second page of titles lists an \"Address on the Life and actions of Gen. R. E. Lee delivered on the 12th of Oct. 1871 before the Society of Confederate Soldiers and Sailors in Maryland\" which seemed unlikely to predate the Civil War by so many years, so a later date was sought. Although the initial catalog was completed in 1874, it has been given the date of 1876 when this copy was physically created by the directors.","A copy of the \"S\" section of the 1876 catalog was found in the circulation book for the early 1840s, although it dated from decades later. It was moved to the same folder as the \"R\" section, being from the same period and seemingly in the same hand. They were also given a date along with the 1876 catalog.","A photocopy of the original was removed from the collection.","The catalog was previously dated to the 19th century, but has been dated to May 1933 based on the minutes as described in the historical note. The specific reference to a typescript in connection with the term \"old magazines\" in 1933 is difficult to ignore and the scattered notes on condition fit with the goal of appraising the magazines being pursued at that time. I also found it unlikely that the list was drawn up in 1912 as part of the catalog supplement for that year given the differences in arrangement, like the supplement separating bound and unbound volumes, and the differences in contents, like the absence of the Atheneum from the supplement.","A copy of the \"S\" section of the 1876 catalog was found in this circulation book, although it obviously dated from decades later than its period of active use. It was moved to the same folder as the \"R\" section."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Alexandria Library Records (Ms 98) document the library as a separate institution from 1937 onward.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nIt particularly complements this collection in its early decades through its administrative correspondence, board correspondence, minutes, annual reports, and organizational records, including contracts with the Alexandria Library Society.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe minutes of the library's executive board (1938-1947) are included in the microfilm version of the library minute books 1794-1947.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTranscripts of library company lectures 2-18 are available in the library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eLecture series : [transcripts of the audiotapes made of the scholars invited to speak at these annual lectures]\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #2\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 2\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #3\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 3\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #4\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 4\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #5\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 5\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #6\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 6\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #7\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 7\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #8\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 8\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #9\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 9\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #10\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 10\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #11\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 11\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #12\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 12\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #13\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 13\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #14\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 14\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #15\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 15\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #16\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 16\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #17\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 17\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #18\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 18\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Alexandria Library Records (Ms 98) document the library as a separate institution from 1937 onward.","\nIt particularly complements this collection in its early decades through its administrative correspondence, board correspondence, minutes, annual reports, and organizational records, including contracts with the Alexandria Library Society.","\nThe minutes of the library's executive board (1938-1947) are included in the microfilm version of the library minute books 1794-1947.","Transcripts of library company lectures 2-18 are available in the library.","Lecture series : [transcripts of the audiotapes made of the scholars invited to speak at these annual lectures] Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #2 080 LEC 2 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #3 080 LEC 3 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #4 080 LEC 4 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #5 080 LEC 5 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #6 080 LEC 6 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #7 080 LEC 7 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #8 080 LEC 8 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #9 080 LEC 9 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #10 080 LEC 10 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #11 080 LEC 11 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #12 080 LEC 12 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #13 080 LEC 13 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #14 080 LEC 14 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #15 080 LEC 15 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #16 080 LEC 16 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #17 080 LEC 17 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #18 080 LEC 18"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of circulation, subscription, and financial ledgers, annual lecture series documents, catalogues, correspondence, and various organizational documents. Topics include: foundation of the\nAlexandria Library Company, its cycles of growth and decline reflecting the local economy; the formation of the local public library system; and the on-going activities of the Alexandria Library Company, most notably its lecture series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe organizational records series contains those records directly concerned with the library company and its predecessors as organizations. It covers charters, by-laws, contracts, the legal definition of the company, and its history. Charters and by-laws between 1794 and 1944 are generally documented in the minutes and or reprinted in catalogs or the Alexandria Gazette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe general correspondence series covers a long period of the history of the Library Company and its successors, with the bulk from the modern Library Company after 1954, when more documentation was being produced and captured in a systematic way.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nFrom the earlier period, one folder covers the old Library Company, including an account of the Civil War and two folders cover the period of the Alexandria Library Association consisting primarily of correspondence with Andrew Carnegie about his financial support. The material from the Alexandria Library Society chiefly consists of copies of minutes. \nFor library related inquiries after 1937 see the extensive public library correspondence in Ms 98.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe post-1954 correspondence includes lecture arrangements, nomination and member correspondence, announcements, and all manner of memoranda and external correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe financial reports series includes monthly financial reports from the Alexandria Library Association prior the establishment of the public library and annual reports of the Library Company after 1953 along with a limited amount of additional correspondence on related issues.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThere is also a file of annual reports which the Library Company was required to make to the state as a corporation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nFor records relating to the Alexandria Library Company's efforts to become tax-exempt in the 1980s, see the Organizational Records series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe meetings series consists chiefly of bound and unbound minutes from the Alexandria Library Company and its successors.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe bound minutes cover the early Library Company from 1794 to its last meeting in 1879, the Alexandria Library Association and Library Society from 1897 through its loss of control of the library in the late 1947, and the Society and modern Library Company from 1948 to 1993.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAfter 1937, there are two minute books, one for the \"executive board,\" which ran the library, and the other for the Library Society and later Library Company which appointed some of its members. The 1938-1947 executive board minutes are included in the microfilm copy of the older bound volumes, but the original is located in Ms 98.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nBylaws, agreements, financial, and membership information often appear in the records, as do records of elections. In some periods, annual reports are pasted into the minute books, which like a lot of library business, was printed in the Gazette.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe unbound meeting records cover the modern period of the Library Company and contain minutes, announcements of meetings, and notes, although for the earlier periods the minutes are merely photocopies of the bound volumes as indicated by page numbers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe members series contains records relating to the selection, participation, and retention of members of the Library Company, with a focus on the modern period from the 1950s onward. It includes records of the nominating committee, correspondence with and about current or prospective members, and lists of members and guests attending the annual lectures. One of these lists is also available on a 3½ inch disk.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subscription series consists of bound volumes of records documenting the subscribers of the company while doubling as ledgers for many of the financial transactions of the pre-Lyceum period (1794-1839), with gaps between volumes. Apart from the minutes, the volumes contain the only information on the subscribers of the late 1790s, for which there is a gap in the circulation records.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThere are also additional financial records from 1826-1839 and a list of subscribers, paid and not, from 1854. These appear in the same volume (see historical note), along with the circulation records for 1846-1848 in between.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe stubs of printed subscription certificates from 1874-1879 are also included in this series. Each contains an identifying number, the name of a subscriber, and a dollar amount, accompanied in some cases by dates or other notations. A few of the completed patron slips are also in this volume, including dates and the signature of the treasurer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains information on the annual lecture series, with the bulk covering the period after its revival in 1957. The files for the early years include much of the correspondence arranging for the lectures and information on the lecturers as well as in some cases printed copies of the prepared text. For later years the files consist largely of lecture announcements, programs, and attendance lists. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAudio or video recordings were made of most lectures, but are not currently available. Correspondence relating to the recordings can be found in the relevant subseries. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nCorrespondence is also available regarding the production of the printed programs and the selection of speakers during the 1970s along with an undated seat plan. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nInformation on attendance and the financial aspects of the lectures can be found in other series. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nPrint transcriptions for certain lectures are available in the reading room.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection's miscellany includes annual reports of the library, a survey of the old library company books, seals, stationary, and printed matter including poems, fundraising pamphlets, and literature about the library from the League of Women Voters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe news clippings series consists chiefly of articles about the annual lectures or which report on the annual meetings and the election of officers and members.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe catalogs provide listings of books showing what was available at the library during different time periods and identifying books for some parts of the circulation records. Catalogs also frequently included information on other topics, including the rules of the library, founding documents, library histories, and the value of the books. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nTitles were often abbreviated, especially in the working catalogs, and dates of publication were often lacking. This can make identifying a work from the catalog difficult even when copies of it are extant elsewhere. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nCatalogs can be used reliably for most of the numerical listings in the circulation records for roughly 1801-1807, 1815-1848, 1856-1862, and 1874-1879. The 1815 catalog was not only bigger than the 1801, but had been renumbered. Because of this practice, the 1801 catalog cannot be relied upon for records prior to its implementation nor after the point in 1807-1808 when its successor went into effect. Since there is no way to know if the 1815 catalog was an extension of the 1808, it likewise cannot be trusted prior to implementation. The 1815 and its supplement were used for a longer period and the 1830-1848 used it as a base, although it altered its system of arrangement leaving around 30 or so numbers undefined for part of the 1830s. The 1856 printed and 1858-1860 working catalogs cover much of the same material and are usable for records into the Civil War. The 1856 is available online in a searchable format and organized to be browsed, while the working catalog is arranged by number. The 1876 copy of the catalog implemented in July 1874 is missing the letters O-P, but is otherwise usable for the last few years of circulation records. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSee specific catalog notes for details. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 1801 catalog corresponds to the title numbers 1-452 in the circulations records from around 1802-1808 and offers the number of volumes and value for each. It is hard to be precise since the dates on which it came into and fell out of use at the library are unknown. The fact that books were removed as well as added at the time of its adoption and its organization suggest that it may not be reliable for the 1794-1796 circulation records, and possibly not even for books circulating earlier in 1801 which were likely identified by an earlier catalog. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nIn addition to a listing of books, the catalog includes the revised act of incorporation dated September 1799, the laws of the company passed on 2 November 1801 and an alphabetical membership list. \nAt the back is a list of book donations from largest to smallest, including the name of the donor, the total number of volumes donated, and a list of title numbers, along with an index to the catalog and some errata. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nIt was printed by Cottom and Stewart in Alexandria and sold for fifty cents a copy. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis catalog of 1,027 titles includes the title number, number of volumes, and price, as well as a note to indicate whether something was a donation. It is a reliable reference for the decades that followed, but should be used with caution for earlier periods. Comparison with the 1801 catalog shows that titles were inserted with very low numbers, and it is unclear how the 1808 catalog was organized. Given the way the catalog was divided, there is no clear method by which accretions could have been added to the working catalog other than accession order, whereas the 1815 catalog required them to be categorized. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nIt is therefore logical to assume that numbers added in between catalog issuances were later changed, and that the 1815 catalog is probably not valid for the preceding period. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe full title of the catalog included the phrase \"to which are prefixed, the Act of Incorporation; the Laws of the Company, and the Names of the Members,\" but our copy contains only pages 11-46 and does not contain front matter. It is unclear whether the first ten pages were removed, or John A. Stewart's edition was simply printed without them. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis printed catalog supplement extends the 1815 catalog from #1,027 to #1,728 updating it to August 1830. It was likely published around that time by William Greer, printer, and matches the titles. It matches the numbers of a listing of books dated 1828 in one of the circulation books suggesting that no rearrangement of newer books occurred prior to publication. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe supplement has most of the same information as the 1815, offering the number, title, volume, and value of each title, but lacks its classification system by size and subject. Despite a short cross-listing of periodical works, it has neither the subject classification nor even alphabetization to make it a ready reference. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis catalog contains a relisting of the contents of the 1815 catalog and supplement sorted by the first letter of the alphabet with pamphlets listed separately as well as books added between April 1833 and the suspension of library operations after 1848 listed by subject. Although its initial form was compiled by George Drinker some time earlier, it does not appear to gone into effect until sometime after 1834 where there is a gap in circulation records. Because the numbering up to 1,725 remained the same, earlier print catalogs can also be employed for those number for the period from 1815-1848 even though this catalog alone can be used for the numbers 1,726-1,793 during that period.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAdditions beyond 1,793 are only usable for the period 1841-1848, because they were relisted here under a combined subject/numbering system after being originally cataloged differently up to around 1,825. The later rearrangement left no record of how those 30 or so numbers should be understood during the period before 1834.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThese later additions occupy the latter sections which include materials published from the late-1830s and early 1840s. Other indications of the ongoing nature of the listings include the blank entry for #351 at the end of Novels and Romances and the blank page with the heading \"Biography\" following the rest of that section.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe third, and final section, is the \"List of Books from the Reading Room.\" These are dated 1840-1841, and consist almost entirely of new additions to the periodicals with a few exceptions, chiefly among the first few entries. This suggests that the page may not have been used for its original purpose.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe title/subject organization of the latter part of the catalog is helpful in understanding acquisition priorities during the late-1830s and the Lyceum period of the 1840s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe inside cover contains a calendar for 1833 going through February 1834, with the Thursdays closest to the middle of each month marked (none are the dates of official meetings). There is also a 29 March 1830 inscription by Drinker, Treasurer, authorizing James Dunlap in financial matters while he is librarian, which may predate the decision to use the book as a catalog. Drinker may have done the first 1,725 entries at that time in preparation for the publication of the 1815 supplement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs noted in its introduction, the 300 copies of the 1856 catalog were created not as \"a model catalog but such a one as would be practically useful to the readers of the library.\" It serves as a guide to the collection as contemporary subscribers would have known it, covering the first 4,473 volume numbers for this period. For looking up numbers from the circulation records, it is easier to use the searchable catalog of surviving books or the online version. For later acquisitions, one may use the manuscript catalog that was in use internally from 1858-1860 which is arranged by number.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nIn addition to the aforementioned note on the catalog's creation, the catalog also includes a historical note on the early history of the library and a copy of the 1799 act of incorporation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis catalog was implemented sometime in the fall of 1858 as an \"amendment\" to the catalog of 1856 and was likely expanded on an ongoing basis up to the Civil War. Since the 1856 catalog was presumably still in use by subscribers, the two contain largely the same information apart from three key differences. Firstly, the 1858 added accretions to the book collection, extending the book numbers from 4,473 to 5,063. The second difference is that it lists the books by number, to assist the librarians in managing the books, rather than by author and title, which in the 1856 catalog assisted subscribers in finding them. Lastly, it should be noted that titles in both catalogs are abbreviated in different ways.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nDespite the overlap and differences of organization, a person looking up a number in the circulation records between February 1857 and 17 September 1859 may still find it easier to consult a searchable online version of the catalog and reserve use of the 1858 for its last 600 numbers. Starting on 27 September 1859, titles began to appear in the circulation records alongside the numbers, making either catalog usable for numbers below 4,474, although due to unpredictable title abbreviations numerical catalogs remained more reliable.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe catalog was signed by a number of librarians of the company inside the front and back covers, sometimes more than once. This includes a listing made in 1871 which is notable for the presence of names not associated with the title \"librarian\" by the minutes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe initial form of this catalog was compiled by Doctor Theo West and put into use on 10 July 1874, although there may have been additions by the time it was copied by the directors of the library company into its current form. It was intended for publication, but was later advertised as merely being available at the librarian's desk. It was therefore organized with the aim of finding books by title, like a printed catalog, rather than by number like the manuscript catalogs from before the Civil War. It remained in use until the company shut down after 1880.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe book contains a detailed history of the library company including the text of the 1799 act of incorporation written by \"John Stewart, Keeper of the Rolls.\" It is also the only extant catalog with a book plate, albeit one with the shelf location and classification numbers left blank.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe listing of books is missing the letters O and P at a point where the binding is broken, either because they were removed from this edition or never added in. Title information includes the title and number of each book as well as a \"case\" number (presumably for shelving) and occasional volume and date information. Space is left in many places for additional titles to be added, although in some cases this was handled by inserted slips of paper. For details on the organization of the title list see the arrangement note.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis listing of \"R\" titles is largely the same as that copied by the directors for the 1876 catalog, but appears to be in a different hand (most noticeably the number 8). The listing for \"S\" appears to be the same hand as \"R.\" Also included are two pieces of paper with additional titles, and notes in blue asking that additional space be left for new titles to be added. That feature of the main 1876 catalog is absent here and may be the reason it was not included in a complete volume.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 1898 catalog provides the earliest record of the library's collection after its reestablishment by the Alexandria Library Association, including numbers of volumes and publications dates for each title. The subject classification allows a simple method of gauging the balance of the collection between different areas, particularly in comparison with the publications of 1906 and 1912. Handwritten notes seem to indicate additions and shelf locations, although the date and provenance of those notes is unclear.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA complete update to the 1898 catalog, the 1906 retained the same basic classification system apart from the addition of 3 new sub-classes. It also includes a chart of subscription prices for the library at the front giving lengths of time and numbers of books and a large number of advertisements from local businesses.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nFor the new subclasses see arrangement note.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 1912 supplement to the catalog includes additions to the library collection since 1906 as well as a listing of old magazines, which were not mentioned in the 1906 catalog. Most classification numbers were therefore unneeded. The bulk of the entries appear to be fiction and old magazines.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis typescript contains a listing of \"old magazines\" by title and volume that were in the collection in 1933. It also includes some notes on their condition, such as whether they were bound and missing covers, pages, and volumes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe circulation records consist of bound volumes containing lists of books checked out. They typically list the name of the subscriber, the date, and some method of identifying the work along with various other details. For much of its history, the old library company identified books only by number, although titles and combinations of numbers and titles began appearing around 1845, with titles becoming commonplace after 1858.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe catalogs can be used reliably for only some of the numerical listings due to additions following the publication of rapidly outdated catalogs and changes in numbering that preceded new ones. They are relevant to some of the numbers for 1801-1807, 1815-1848, 1856-1862, and 1874-1879 (see catalog series notes and below). Because of possible renumbering, the 1801 catalog cannot be relied upon for records prior to its implementation nor after the point in 1807-1808 when its successor went into effect. Since there is no way to know if the 1815 catalog was an extension of the 1808 or if it was the first to change the numbering from the 1801, it likewise cannot be trusted prior to its implementation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe 1815 and its supplement were used for a longer period and the 1834-1848 catalog used it as a base, despite altering its system of arrangement for later materials and leaving about 30 numbers unclear due to renumbering. The 1856 printed and 1858-1860 working catalogs cover much of the same material and are usable into the Civil War. Notably, the 1856 is available online in a searchable format. It was arranged to be browsed, while the working catalog is arranged by number only. The 1876 copy of the catalog implemented in July 1874 is missing the letters O-P, but is otherwise usable for the last few years of circulation records.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nEven when numbers cannot be identified, useful information can be inferred from changes in the numbering system and preferences for numbers from particular periods, such as for new acquisitions. One can also use the records to quantify the level of patronage as a whole in various periods. There are no circulation records at the book level from the Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937) and later, although summary reports of circulation became common during the modern period and were often noted in minutes and annual reports.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThere are significant gaps in the circulation records, which nominally cover the period from November 1794 to January 1880. These come in several different types. Some of them appear to indicate missing volumes, including July 1795-June 1801, May 1811-February 1814, January 1835-Feburary 1841, September 1848-October 1858, and 1868-1870, but there are also gaps of a few months between volumes in 1805, 1824, 1846, 1871, and 1874. Additionally, there is a month of pages missing from the middle of 1831, and two pages are missing after October 1862, even though returns were noted as late December, before resuming in April 1868 (on the Civil War see the historical note for this series).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nTitle numbers began at around 200, gradually rising to over 5,000 before the Civil War. After the war, numbers ran below 1,000 for the most part, before changing to numbers over 5,000 again on 4 December 1873 (p.279) and then dropping to lower numbers on 10 July 1874 (p.69), with some titles in the 5000s being renumbered to the 3000s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nMany of volumes contain lists of books in their front or back matter, usually including both titles and numbers. This is one of the only sources for matching that information for some periods of the library's history and includes the only reference to the 1808 catalog outside the minutes. They include lists of missing books (the 1822-1824 volume), books sent to be bound (1824-1828 and 1828-1831) and of the Waverly Novels (1822-1824).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nChanges in the hand recording the information signal personnel changes, and many of the volumes were inscribed with the names of librarians or members of the company, occasionally accompanied by other kinds of scribbling as in 1814-1816, 1831-1834, and especially 1858-1868. There is also some doodling, which appears inside the covers in a modest way in the 1814-1816 volume and far more extensively in the 1841-1848 and 1858-1868 ones. The 1841-1848 also contains doodles among the actual circulation records.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nFor the columns and specific information that varied over time see the arrangement note for this series.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of circulation, subscription, and financial ledgers, annual lecture series documents, catalogues, correspondence, and various organizational documents. Topics include: foundation of the\nAlexandria Library Company, its cycles of growth and decline reflecting the local economy; the formation of the local public library system; and the on-going activities of the Alexandria Library Company, most notably its lecture series.","The organizational records series contains those records directly concerned with the library company and its predecessors as organizations. It covers charters, by-laws, contracts, the legal definition of the company, and its history. Charters and by-laws between 1794 and 1944 are generally documented in the minutes and or reprinted in catalogs or the Alexandria Gazette.","The general correspondence series covers a long period of the history of the Library Company and its successors, with the bulk from the modern Library Company after 1954, when more documentation was being produced and captured in a systematic way.","\nFrom the earlier period, one folder covers the old Library Company, including an account of the Civil War and two folders cover the period of the Alexandria Library Association consisting primarily of correspondence with Andrew Carnegie about his financial support. The material from the Alexandria Library Society chiefly consists of copies of minutes. \nFor library related inquiries after 1937 see the extensive public library correspondence in Ms 98.","\nThe post-1954 correspondence includes lecture arrangements, nomination and member correspondence, announcements, and all manner of memoranda and external correspondence.","The financial reports series includes monthly financial reports from the Alexandria Library Association prior the establishment of the public library and annual reports of the Library Company after 1953 along with a limited amount of additional correspondence on related issues.","\nThere is also a file of annual reports which the Library Company was required to make to the state as a corporation.","\nFor records relating to the Alexandria Library Company's efforts to become tax-exempt in the 1980s, see the Organizational Records series.","The meetings series consists chiefly of bound and unbound minutes from the Alexandria Library Company and its successors.","\nThe bound minutes cover the early Library Company from 1794 to its last meeting in 1879, the Alexandria Library Association and Library Society from 1897 through its loss of control of the library in the late 1947, and the Society and modern Library Company from 1948 to 1993.","\nAfter 1937, there are two minute books, one for the \"executive board,\" which ran the library, and the other for the Library Society and later Library Company which appointed some of its members. The 1938-1947 executive board minutes are included in the microfilm copy of the older bound volumes, but the original is located in Ms 98.","\nBylaws, agreements, financial, and membership information often appear in the records, as do records of elections. In some periods, annual reports are pasted into the minute books, which like a lot of library business, was printed in the Gazette.","\nThe unbound meeting records cover the modern period of the Library Company and contain minutes, announcements of meetings, and notes, although for the earlier periods the minutes are merely photocopies of the bound volumes as indicated by page numbers.","The members series contains records relating to the selection, participation, and retention of members of the Library Company, with a focus on the modern period from the 1950s onward. It includes records of the nominating committee, correspondence with and about current or prospective members, and lists of members and guests attending the annual lectures. One of these lists is also available on a 3½ inch disk.","The subscription series consists of bound volumes of records documenting the subscribers of the company while doubling as ledgers for many of the financial transactions of the pre-Lyceum period (1794-1839), with gaps between volumes. Apart from the minutes, the volumes contain the only information on the subscribers of the late 1790s, for which there is a gap in the circulation records.","\nThere are also additional financial records from 1826-1839 and a list of subscribers, paid and not, from 1854. These appear in the same volume (see historical note), along with the circulation records for 1846-1848 in between.","\nThe stubs of printed subscription certificates from 1874-1879 are also included in this series. Each contains an identifying number, the name of a subscriber, and a dollar amount, accompanied in some cases by dates or other notations. A few of the completed patron slips are also in this volume, including dates and the signature of the treasurer.","This series contains information on the annual lecture series, with the bulk covering the period after its revival in 1957. The files for the early years include much of the correspondence arranging for the lectures and information on the lecturers as well as in some cases printed copies of the prepared text. For later years the files consist largely of lecture announcements, programs, and attendance lists. ","\nAudio or video recordings were made of most lectures, but are not currently available. Correspondence relating to the recordings can be found in the relevant subseries. ","\nCorrespondence is also available regarding the production of the printed programs and the selection of speakers during the 1970s along with an undated seat plan. ","\nInformation on attendance and the financial aspects of the lectures can be found in other series. ","\nPrint transcriptions for certain lectures are available in the reading room.","The collection's miscellany includes annual reports of the library, a survey of the old library company books, seals, stationary, and printed matter including poems, fundraising pamphlets, and literature about the library from the League of Women Voters.","The news clippings series consists chiefly of articles about the annual lectures or which report on the annual meetings and the election of officers and members.","The catalogs provide listings of books showing what was available at the library during different time periods and identifying books for some parts of the circulation records. Catalogs also frequently included information on other topics, including the rules of the library, founding documents, library histories, and the value of the books. ","\nTitles were often abbreviated, especially in the working catalogs, and dates of publication were often lacking. This can make identifying a work from the catalog difficult even when copies of it are extant elsewhere. ","\nCatalogs can be used reliably for most of the numerical listings in the circulation records for roughly 1801-1807, 1815-1848, 1856-1862, and 1874-1879. The 1815 catalog was not only bigger than the 1801, but had been renumbered. Because of this practice, the 1801 catalog cannot be relied upon for records prior to its implementation nor after the point in 1807-1808 when its successor went into effect. Since there is no way to know if the 1815 catalog was an extension of the 1808, it likewise cannot be trusted prior to implementation. The 1815 and its supplement were used for a longer period and the 1830-1848 used it as a base, although it altered its system of arrangement leaving around 30 or so numbers undefined for part of the 1830s. The 1856 printed and 1858-1860 working catalogs cover much of the same material and are usable for records into the Civil War. The 1856 is available online in a searchable format and organized to be browsed, while the working catalog is arranged by number. The 1876 copy of the catalog implemented in July 1874 is missing the letters O-P, but is otherwise usable for the last few years of circulation records. ","\nSee specific catalog notes for details. ","The 1801 catalog corresponds to the title numbers 1-452 in the circulations records from around 1802-1808 and offers the number of volumes and value for each. It is hard to be precise since the dates on which it came into and fell out of use at the library are unknown. The fact that books were removed as well as added at the time of its adoption and its organization suggest that it may not be reliable for the 1794-1796 circulation records, and possibly not even for books circulating earlier in 1801 which were likely identified by an earlier catalog. ","\nIn addition to a listing of books, the catalog includes the revised act of incorporation dated September 1799, the laws of the company passed on 2 November 1801 and an alphabetical membership list. \nAt the back is a list of book donations from largest to smallest, including the name of the donor, the total number of volumes donated, and a list of title numbers, along with an index to the catalog and some errata. ","\nIt was printed by Cottom and Stewart in Alexandria and sold for fifty cents a copy. ","This catalog of 1,027 titles includes the title number, number of volumes, and price, as well as a note to indicate whether something was a donation. It is a reliable reference for the decades that followed, but should be used with caution for earlier periods. Comparison with the 1801 catalog shows that titles were inserted with very low numbers, and it is unclear how the 1808 catalog was organized. Given the way the catalog was divided, there is no clear method by which accretions could have been added to the working catalog other than accession order, whereas the 1815 catalog required them to be categorized. ","\nIt is therefore logical to assume that numbers added in between catalog issuances were later changed, and that the 1815 catalog is probably not valid for the preceding period. ","\nThe full title of the catalog included the phrase \"to which are prefixed, the Act of Incorporation; the Laws of the Company, and the Names of the Members,\" but our copy contains only pages 11-46 and does not contain front matter. It is unclear whether the first ten pages were removed, or John A. Stewart's edition was simply printed without them. ","This printed catalog supplement extends the 1815 catalog from #1,027 to #1,728 updating it to August 1830. It was likely published around that time by William Greer, printer, and matches the titles. It matches the numbers of a listing of books dated 1828 in one of the circulation books suggesting that no rearrangement of newer books occurred prior to publication. ","\nThe supplement has most of the same information as the 1815, offering the number, title, volume, and value of each title, but lacks its classification system by size and subject. Despite a short cross-listing of periodical works, it has neither the subject classification nor even alphabetization to make it a ready reference. ","This catalog contains a relisting of the contents of the 1815 catalog and supplement sorted by the first letter of the alphabet with pamphlets listed separately as well as books added between April 1833 and the suspension of library operations after 1848 listed by subject. Although its initial form was compiled by George Drinker some time earlier, it does not appear to gone into effect until sometime after 1834 where there is a gap in circulation records. Because the numbering up to 1,725 remained the same, earlier print catalogs can also be employed for those number for the period from 1815-1848 even though this catalog alone can be used for the numbers 1,726-1,793 during that period.","\nAdditions beyond 1,793 are only usable for the period 1841-1848, because they were relisted here under a combined subject/numbering system after being originally cataloged differently up to around 1,825. The later rearrangement left no record of how those 30 or so numbers should be understood during the period before 1834.","\nThese later additions occupy the latter sections which include materials published from the late-1830s and early 1840s. Other indications of the ongoing nature of the listings include the blank entry for #351 at the end of Novels and Romances and the blank page with the heading \"Biography\" following the rest of that section.","\nThe third, and final section, is the \"List of Books from the Reading Room.\" These are dated 1840-1841, and consist almost entirely of new additions to the periodicals with a few exceptions, chiefly among the first few entries. This suggests that the page may not have been used for its original purpose.","\nThe title/subject organization of the latter part of the catalog is helpful in understanding acquisition priorities during the late-1830s and the Lyceum period of the 1840s.","\nThe inside cover contains a calendar for 1833 going through February 1834, with the Thursdays closest to the middle of each month marked (none are the dates of official meetings). There is also a 29 March 1830 inscription by Drinker, Treasurer, authorizing James Dunlap in financial matters while he is librarian, which may predate the decision to use the book as a catalog. Drinker may have done the first 1,725 entries at that time in preparation for the publication of the 1815 supplement.","As noted in its introduction, the 300 copies of the 1856 catalog were created not as \"a model catalog but such a one as would be practically useful to the readers of the library.\" It serves as a guide to the collection as contemporary subscribers would have known it, covering the first 4,473 volume numbers for this period. For looking up numbers from the circulation records, it is easier to use the searchable catalog of surviving books or the online version. For later acquisitions, one may use the manuscript catalog that was in use internally from 1858-1860 which is arranged by number.","\nIn addition to the aforementioned note on the catalog's creation, the catalog also includes a historical note on the early history of the library and a copy of the 1799 act of incorporation.","This catalog was implemented sometime in the fall of 1858 as an \"amendment\" to the catalog of 1856 and was likely expanded on an ongoing basis up to the Civil War. Since the 1856 catalog was presumably still in use by subscribers, the two contain largely the same information apart from three key differences. Firstly, the 1858 added accretions to the book collection, extending the book numbers from 4,473 to 5,063. The second difference is that it lists the books by number, to assist the librarians in managing the books, rather than by author and title, which in the 1856 catalog assisted subscribers in finding them. Lastly, it should be noted that titles in both catalogs are abbreviated in different ways.","\nDespite the overlap and differences of organization, a person looking up a number in the circulation records between February 1857 and 17 September 1859 may still find it easier to consult a searchable online version of the catalog and reserve use of the 1858 for its last 600 numbers. Starting on 27 September 1859, titles began to appear in the circulation records alongside the numbers, making either catalog usable for numbers below 4,474, although due to unpredictable title abbreviations numerical catalogs remained more reliable.","\nThe catalog was signed by a number of librarians of the company inside the front and back covers, sometimes more than once. This includes a listing made in 1871 which is notable for the presence of names not associated with the title \"librarian\" by the minutes.","The initial form of this catalog was compiled by Doctor Theo West and put into use on 10 July 1874, although there may have been additions by the time it was copied by the directors of the library company into its current form. It was intended for publication, but was later advertised as merely being available at the librarian's desk. It was therefore organized with the aim of finding books by title, like a printed catalog, rather than by number like the manuscript catalogs from before the Civil War. It remained in use until the company shut down after 1880.","\nThe book contains a detailed history of the library company including the text of the 1799 act of incorporation written by \"John Stewart, Keeper of the Rolls.\" It is also the only extant catalog with a book plate, albeit one with the shelf location and classification numbers left blank.","\nThe listing of books is missing the letters O and P at a point where the binding is broken, either because they were removed from this edition or never added in. Title information includes the title and number of each book as well as a \"case\" number (presumably for shelving) and occasional volume and date information. Space is left in many places for additional titles to be added, although in some cases this was handled by inserted slips of paper. For details on the organization of the title list see the arrangement note.","This listing of \"R\" titles is largely the same as that copied by the directors for the 1876 catalog, but appears to be in a different hand (most noticeably the number 8). The listing for \"S\" appears to be the same hand as \"R.\" Also included are two pieces of paper with additional titles, and notes in blue asking that additional space be left for new titles to be added. That feature of the main 1876 catalog is absent here and may be the reason it was not included in a complete volume.","The 1898 catalog provides the earliest record of the library's collection after its reestablishment by the Alexandria Library Association, including numbers of volumes and publications dates for each title. The subject classification allows a simple method of gauging the balance of the collection between different areas, particularly in comparison with the publications of 1906 and 1912. Handwritten notes seem to indicate additions and shelf locations, although the date and provenance of those notes is unclear.","A complete update to the 1898 catalog, the 1906 retained the same basic classification system apart from the addition of 3 new sub-classes. It also includes a chart of subscription prices for the library at the front giving lengths of time and numbers of books and a large number of advertisements from local businesses.","\nFor the new subclasses see arrangement note.","The 1912 supplement to the catalog includes additions to the library collection since 1906 as well as a listing of old magazines, which were not mentioned in the 1906 catalog. Most classification numbers were therefore unneeded. The bulk of the entries appear to be fiction and old magazines.","This typescript contains a listing of \"old magazines\" by title and volume that were in the collection in 1933. It also includes some notes on their condition, such as whether they were bound and missing covers, pages, and volumes.","The circulation records consist of bound volumes containing lists of books checked out. They typically list the name of the subscriber, the date, and some method of identifying the work along with various other details. For much of its history, the old library company identified books only by number, although titles and combinations of numbers and titles began appearing around 1845, with titles becoming commonplace after 1858.","\nThe catalogs can be used reliably for only some of the numerical listings due to additions following the publication of rapidly outdated catalogs and changes in numbering that preceded new ones. They are relevant to some of the numbers for 1801-1807, 1815-1848, 1856-1862, and 1874-1879 (see catalog series notes and below). Because of possible renumbering, the 1801 catalog cannot be relied upon for records prior to its implementation nor after the point in 1807-1808 when its successor went into effect. Since there is no way to know if the 1815 catalog was an extension of the 1808 or if it was the first to change the numbering from the 1801, it likewise cannot be trusted prior to its implementation.","\nThe 1815 and its supplement were used for a longer period and the 1834-1848 catalog used it as a base, despite altering its system of arrangement for later materials and leaving about 30 numbers unclear due to renumbering. The 1856 printed and 1858-1860 working catalogs cover much of the same material and are usable into the Civil War. Notably, the 1856 is available online in a searchable format. It was arranged to be browsed, while the working catalog is arranged by number only. The 1876 copy of the catalog implemented in July 1874 is missing the letters O-P, but is otherwise usable for the last few years of circulation records.","\nEven when numbers cannot be identified, useful information can be inferred from changes in the numbering system and preferences for numbers from particular periods, such as for new acquisitions. One can also use the records to quantify the level of patronage as a whole in various periods. There are no circulation records at the book level from the Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937) and later, although summary reports of circulation became common during the modern period and were often noted in minutes and annual reports.","\nThere are significant gaps in the circulation records, which nominally cover the period from November 1794 to January 1880. These come in several different types. Some of them appear to indicate missing volumes, including July 1795-June 1801, May 1811-February 1814, January 1835-Feburary 1841, September 1848-October 1858, and 1868-1870, but there are also gaps of a few months between volumes in 1805, 1824, 1846, 1871, and 1874. Additionally, there is a month of pages missing from the middle of 1831, and two pages are missing after October 1862, even though returns were noted as late December, before resuming in April 1868 (on the Civil War see the historical note for this series).","\nTitle numbers began at around 200, gradually rising to over 5,000 before the Civil War. After the war, numbers ran below 1,000 for the most part, before changing to numbers over 5,000 again on 4 December 1873 (p.279) and then dropping to lower numbers on 10 July 1874 (p.69), with some titles in the 5000s being renumbered to the 3000s.","\nMany of volumes contain lists of books in their front or back matter, usually including both titles and numbers. This is one of the only sources for matching that information for some periods of the library's history and includes the only reference to the 1808 catalog outside the minutes. They include lists of missing books (the 1822-1824 volume), books sent to be bound (1824-1828 and 1828-1831) and of the Waverly Novels (1822-1824).","\nChanges in the hand recording the information signal personnel changes, and many of the volumes were inscribed with the names of librarians or members of the company, occasionally accompanied by other kinds of scribbling as in 1814-1816, 1831-1834, and especially 1858-1868. There is also some doodling, which appears inside the covers in a modest way in the 1814-1816 volume and far more extensively in the 1841-1848 and 1858-1868 ones. The 1841-1848 also contains doodles among the actual circulation records.","\nFor the columns and specific information that varied over time see the arrangement note for this series."],"names_coll_ssim":["Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)","Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)"],"corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)","Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":147,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T03:58:50.090Z","bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn the 1780s, a discussion group of Alexandria gentlemen called \"The Society for the Promotion of Useful Knowledge\" was formed. In 1794, many of these same individuals gathered to form the nucleus of the Alexandria Library Company (ALC). The ALC was a subscription library modelled after the Philadelphia Library Company, which had also emerged from such a club. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSociety president Reverend John Muir became president of the ALC, a position he would hold for almost 20 years. Many of the library's founders are known to have been members of local Masonic lodges. Elisha Cullen Dick, who had succeeded George Washington as the leader of Lodge 22, was among the first directors of the ALC as well as the secretary of the earlier Society. The first Librarian was Edward Stabler, the proprietor of an apothecary shop. In 1796, Stabler was replaced by James Kennedy, who served as librarian until 1818. Overlaps and family links between the leadership of the library and other Alexandria institutions remained common over the next century and a half. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor a time, the Alexandria Lyceum (founded in 1838) and the ALC shared a physical space as well as similar missions. The Alexandria Lyceum was founded as part of a national movement focused on educational lectures. The union between the two organizations was dissolved in 1844, but the library continued to rent space from the Lyceum. The library was later said to have been in a state of \"suspended animation\" from around 1846 to 1852. In 1852, a \"Young Men's\" group took over under the original charter, publishing a new catalog in 1856. The library continued to operate into the Civil War. It remained in the Lyceum but not without acrimony, which is evident in the Alexandria Gazette in 1860. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn October 1867, an agreement was reached with what was variously referred to as the Alexandria Christian Association and the YMCA for assistance with running the library. The library separated from this organization during the early 1870s. By the second half of the 1870s, the library fell into a decline which the directors blamed on the lack of a published catalog. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe first library catalog had been prepared by Kennedy in 1796 and published sometime thereafter. The earliest catalog of which there is an extant copy was published in 1801, followed by another in 1808 of which there are few traces. A more enduring catalog was created in 1815. The 1830s saw publication of a supplement to the 1815 catalog and the creation of a working catalog that would be used into the late 1840s. Normal circulation records end in April 1861 when the library was converted into a military hospital. There are stray entries in May and December before operations resumed on a limited basis in May 1862 and continued at least through that year. Over a thousand volumes were lost during the war. Due to the decline in usage in the 1870s, a new catalog was produced by librarian Emma J. Young in 1872 but never published. After two years with Young's catalog, another was commissioned from Dr. Theo West, which also went unpublished. As a stopgap, handwritten copies were used by patrons. In 1898, a new catalog was created which utilized a decimal system for the first time. The last published catalog was a supplement to the 1912 version. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the late 1870s, appeals were made to the men of Alexandria for support,. The directors met with another \"Young Men's Library Association\" in 1878 without success, records of operations stop after January 1880.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Gazette reported in January 1881 that the books were now in the custody of the school board, whose membership included William F. Carne, a former library company director and the son of one its former presidents. In May 1887 it reported that Carne, as leader of the board's library committee, was inviting associations wishing to participate in re-opening the library to a meeting at the Peabody school building where the books were held, and explained that he had always intended a reading room to be opened to the public once space was freed up for that purpose.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn June 1887, the Gazette reported that the \"Reading Circle of Washington and Lee Schools\" organized by teachers two years prior and the YMCA would operate the free library during the summer, in the hope that in September \"an effort will be made, with a very fair prospect of success, to re-organize the Library Company.\" Gazette reports in 1890 and 1891 refer to continued efforts by Carne and others to \"re-open\" the library, and in 1892 being part of a \"committee on the project for a free public library,\" but they did not succeed.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the decades after 1870s librarianship not only professionalized but underwent a rapid gender shift, and apart from the periods in which there was no librarian for financial reasons, no male librarians seem to have been employed until well into the 20th century. Women's library organizations had become common nationally, and along with the philanthropy of Andrew Carnegie played a major role in the growth of public libraries in America starting in the late 19th century.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn September 1897, the Alexandria Library Association led by Virginia Corse received custody of the books then in possession of the school board. With a modest donation from Carnegie, by 1898 the library was back in business, but as a subscription library, it would not become a free public library for almost 40 years. The new library needed a new librarian, and after one or two initial hires, the association found Alice Green (1865-1956), who would serve from 1902-1937 and in a lesser capacity into the mid-1940s. During this period, space for the library was rented from the United Daughters of the Confederacy (UDC).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Depression brought financial hardship. As the crisis worsened in early 1931, the association had obtained $1,000 from the city council to form \"a nucleus for the establishment of a public library.\" Discussion of becoming a public library had been common since the 1920s, as the efforts of Carnegie and others had made them the norm nationally. Attempts were made to sell older books and hold fundraisers as subscription fees dried up. There was also a dispute with the UDC over a rent increase in 1933. The library was aided by the wealth of its members, including a $5,000 bequest in 1935 from its long-time treasurer, Margaret L. Smoot.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMembers built political support both on the council and among the public in the mid-1930s and in 1937 it was agreed that a building would be constructed on the site of the old cemetery of the Society of Friends and that the city government would cover annual expenses of no more than $5,000 for the association to operate a free library. One member of the board would be appointed by the city. The new governing organization was rebranded the Alexandria Library Society.  Agreements were signed in January, and the library opened at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch's current location, 717 Queen Street.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnother change after 1937 was the gender composition of the leadership. Men served on the board of the new Society and played prominent roles after 1937. After 1948 they typically occupied the presidency of the organization. Most elections were unanimous, often with women casting most of the votes, but it ceased to be a women's organization. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1945 a technicality in the Society's contract with the city was brought to the attention of the board. Namely that the $5,000 the city was obligated to provide each year was not the minimum but rather the maximum contribution, and that the higher appropriations it had been making were illegal. The city took this as an opportunity to demand a contract change beyond the funding formula. Although the men of the city council had representation on the board, the women of the Society were still ultimately running the library, and the Society was asked to allow a majority of the executive board to be appointed by the city, and a minority by the Society. That the city legally \"owned the building and all its contents\" so long as it paid $5,000 per year was also pointed out. The Alexandria Library Society signed the new contract, surrendering control of the library in November 1947. In its reduced role, the Society still elected members to the board and received reports from the librarian. It also retained independent funds that could be used for the benefit of the library. With the library now fully the city's responsibility, the membership was also able to more openly advocate for additional funding.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnother longstanding issue at the library was race. The president's 1928 annual report had endorsed becoming a \"free city library,\" but feared that becoming a Carnegie library \"would bring in some elements hitherto unknown and I think undesirable in our Library.\" In the 1930s the library association favored providing segregated facilities, but, after repeated meetings with the city council, failed to achieve even that modest goal. In the 13 March, 1939, minutes, the issue was revisited yet again, but without result. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFour days later on 17 March 1939, Sergeant George Wilson was turned down for a library card because of his race and Samuel Tucker filed a civil rights lawsuit against the librarian on his behalf. Plans for a segregated facility were dusted off, and new staff was hired so that the librarian could focus on the controversy. On 21 August 1939, several black men organized by Tucker entered the library and followed Wilson's example, but after being refused, seated themselves in the library with books, beginning America's first library sit-in. It ended only after the city manager called the police, and all were arrested. The lawsuit was dismissed on technical grounds, but to prevent a new lawsuit the city approved the Robert H. Robinson branch, which opened in 1940. Tucker refused to accept a card there. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA major issue in the early 1950s was the push to expand the overcrowded main library serving the white community. The white librarian at the time, who had been hired in a junior capacity during Tucker's campaign in 1939, suggested to the Society that the expansion could be an opportunity to integrate. In the midst of the debates over expansion and additional funding, an opportunity emerged to purchase a neighboring building on the corner of North Columbus and Queen, which was later demolished. This prompted a discussion about the Alexandria Library Society's connection to the original library company. It was decided to change the name from the \"Alexandria Library Society\" to the \"Alexandria Library Company,\" make the appropriate filings with the state government, and reinstate the 1799 charter, which would be revised by the legislature in the 1980s to help obtain tax-exempt status from the IRS.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis name change was completed at one of the company's most consequential meetings in February 1956. Every member was asked to sign their name in the minute book to signal their assent. A letter from a local civil rights activist questioning the legality of library segregation was also read, but deemed the province of the library board, which referred the matter back to the company whose reply is not preserved.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMember Mangum Weeks thereupon raised the question of the future role of the Library Company, and proposed resuming the tradition of annual lectures dating from the Lyceum period using funds from the newly instituted membership dues. This proposal was adopted, and preparing the annual lectures soon became a major focus of the Company. The Library Company continues to appoint members to the board of the Alexandria Library and hold its annual lecture series. It commissioned a new history of the library by William Seale in 2007, which can be found at the Local History and Special Collections Branch.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChronological listings for both presidents of the board and librarians up to the modern day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003ePresidents of the Library Company and Its Successors\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1794-February 1813\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRev. James Muir\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1813-February 1815\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eHugh Smith\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1815-March 1824\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJohn Roberts\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1824-February 1829\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eHugh Smith\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1829-February 1835\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJohn Richards\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1835-February 1840\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJohn Roberts\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1840-1852\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eElias Harrison\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003e1852-February 1855\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJ. Louis Kinzer\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1855-September 1858\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eFrancis Miller\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1858- February 1859\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRichard L. Carne\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1859-September 1859\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eCaleb S. Hallowell\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1859-February 1860\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWilliam G. Cazenove\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1860-February 1870\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRichard L. Carne\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1870-February 1873\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eK. Kemper\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1873-October 1873\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSamuel H. Janney\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1873-February 1874\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSidney C. Neale\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1874-June 1879\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMercer Slaughter\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1897-October 1905\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eVirginia Corse\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eJuly 1906-June 1925\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Samuel. L. Monroe\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1925-April 1930\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eLoula Smoot\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eApril 1930-November 1933\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Henry B. Soule, [Jessie E. Soule]\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eDecember 1933-December 1934\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMary Lloyd\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eDecember 1934-December 1936\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSusan Thomson\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eDecember 1936-November 1937\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Louis Scott\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eNovember 1937-November 1944\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Curtis Backus\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eNovember 1944-November 1946\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. [Lawrence] Fawcett, [Mary Fawcett]\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eNovember 1946-November 1947\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eHoward Worth Smith\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eNovember 1947-October 1948\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e[Miss Anne] Lewis Jones\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1948-October 1949\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMiss Horne\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1949-October 1950\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMr. Stanley King\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1950-December 1951\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMr. [Joseph] Crockett\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eDecember 1951-February 1955\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMr. Robert Moncure\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1955-February 1957\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDr. [W. Bruce] Silcox\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1957-February 1959\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eStanley King\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1959-February 1962\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMangum Weeks\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1962-February 1963\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRichard Bales\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1963-February 1965\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDonald King\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1965-February 1967\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDavid Squires\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1967-February 1969\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eHoward Worth Smith Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1969-February 1971\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWilliam Francis Smith\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1971-February 1972\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJohn T. Ticer\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1972-February 1974\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDavid M. Abshire\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1974-February 1976\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Merill Beede\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1976-February 1978\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Douglas Lindsey\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1978-February 1980\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eClarke T. Cooper Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1980-February 1982\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWilliam Seale\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1982-February 1983\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDenys Peter Myers\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1983-February 1985\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWilliam B. Hurd\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1985-February 1986\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eGeorge J. Stansfield\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1986-February 1987\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDr. Ernest A. Connally\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1987-February 1989\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDr. Wilton C. Corkern, Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1989-March 1991\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJames M. Lewis\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1991-March 1992\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Anne Smith Paul\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1992-March 1993\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRichard R. G. Hobson\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1993-March 1995\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDabney Waring\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1995-March 1997\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJames R. Hobson\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1997-March 1998\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRobert C. Reed\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1998-March 2000\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eNeil Horstman\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 2000-March 2002\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eCarroll Johnson\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 2002-March 2003\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eThomas C. Brown Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eLibrarians of Alexandria\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1794-February 1796\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eEdward Stabler\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1796-February 1818\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJames Kennedy\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1818-August 1826\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWilliam Cranch\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAugust 1826-October 1829\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eW. Samuel Mark\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1829-March 1845\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eGeorge Drinker\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1845-September 1845\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJames M. Eaches\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1845-September 1852\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eC.F. Stuart\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1852-April 1853\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eH. W. P. Junius\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1852-April 1853\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eL.? Hunter\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eNovember 1853\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eOffice Abolished\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1854-October 1855\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eE. M.[Magruder?] Lowe\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1855-September 1858\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eNorval E. Foard\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1858-February 1859\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eS. Scott\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1859-September 1859\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eEdward R. Roxbury\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1859-February 1860\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJames A. Clarridge\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1860-April 1861\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eCharles R. Burgess (acting)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eApril 1861-Unknown\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eEdwin N. Wise\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1868\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWr. Bushby\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eApril 1870-May 1871\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eAugust Henning\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eJuly 1871-March 1872\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eW. F. Stansbury\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1872-August 1873\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eEmma J. Young\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1873-March 1876\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eEmily English\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1876\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003ePosition Eliminated\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eJune 1879\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eR. Pendleton Bruin (unofficial? acting?)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1900-October 1903\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eF. Olive Lyons\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1903-April 1937 (continued part-time, mentioned up to 1946)\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eAlice Green\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eApril 1937-December 1938\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMiss Beatrice Workman\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eJanuary 1939-January 1941\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eKatherine Scoggin (later Martyn)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1941-June 1948\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eBessie Watson\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eJuly 1948-June 1969 (hired part-time October 1939, letter of resignation later that month)\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eEllen C. Burke\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eJuly 1969-October 1992 (librarian from 1958)\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJeanne G. Plitt\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe initial combination of financial and subscription records likely reflected the company's initial dependence on subscription fees, in contrast to the later subscription library in the city that relied more on donors. This recordkeeping system appears to have been a casualty of the merger with the Lyceum, which became official in early 1840.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAs the physical volume in use at that time was still mostly blank, it was repeatedly repurposed, first for additional circulation records (until these too lapsed) and later for a \"list of Stockholders and the amount due from each for the year commencing the 13th February 1854,\" which likely relates to the revitalization of the company after its agreement with the Young Men's group. The agreement required the men to find 100 subscribers, and the list was likely prepared for the annual meeting originally scheduled for 20 February (a week after the date on the list), at which it was decided to void the shares of individuals who had not paid.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 1980 lecture of Dr. William Dudley on \"Captain Gordon and the Raid on Alexandria 1814\" was recorded but was left off the lists of annual lectures printed in later years. It marks the point at which the sequential numbering of annual lectures was stopped. The reason for this is unknown.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNo catalog was published under the first librarian, but four were published during the 1796-1818 tenure of his successor.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nOn 29 December 1796 he was directed to prepare a catalog of books \"classed according to their size and arranged in the order of the alphabet, with the number and cost or value of each,\" although a March 1797 entry suggests that it was still not complete four months later. No copy of this catalog has survived, but there would have been between 200 and 400 titles at that time.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe growth of the collection was driven in part by the acceptance of books in place of subscription fees and the purchase of private libraries. In May 1800 a committee was formed to examine its acquisitions for books that were \"useless, superfluous or of immoral tendency,\" which decided in September to postpone acting on them until it was time to print a new catalog. That time came on 2 November 1801 when a committee was appointed to assist the librarian in creating a new catalog.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nOn 1 February 1808 the board decided to print a new catalog at 50 cents a copy because \"many members were without any.\" On 2 May this catalog was reported to be largely complete. Another meeting was planned shortly thereafter so that it could be printed \"without delay.\" That meeting is undocumented, if indeed it took place. No copy of this catalog or any direct record of its publication is currently known. But it must have existed since it was referenced in a later circulation book and the librarian received a bonus for his work on it in March 1809.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nOn 2 May 1814, it was decided to create another new catalog. It would eventually have 1,027 numbers, which circulation records show the library had reached by July 1814. On 14 November 1814, the librarian reported the catalog \"ready for the press.\" He was instructed to obtain 150 copies \"with all convenient dispatch,\" a number raised to 200 the following month. In February 1815, he reported the catalog \"about half-finished\" and presented a copy to the board, which set a price of 50 cents. In March he received compensation for \"his additional trouble in preparing the new catalogue for the press,\" suggesting that the printing had been completed.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe 1815 catalog was later extended by a published supplement that added additional numbers. Unlike other printed works, there is no mention of when the supplement was produced in the minutes. It is, however, clear from circulation records that all its books had circulated by 14 August 1830. According to the minutes, a meeting had been called for 10 May 1830 only to be quickly adjourned \"there appearing no business requiring the attention of the board,\" and quarterly meetings on 2 August and 2 November were adjourned, lacking a quorum. The librarian at the time had replaced his predecessor in October 1829 and been confirmed in the position the following March. It seems plausible that he pushed to update the catalog after becoming librarian but that the question was either not deemed important or could not be addressed due to the lack of quorum but that it was printed in 1830 anyway.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAt the same time, a working catalog was created for use in the library itself. It is the earliest preserved catalog of this type but was probably not the first. It contains a relisting of the contents of the 1815 catalog and supplement sorted by the first letter of the alphabet with pamphlets listed separately as well as books added between April 1833 and the suspension of library operations after 1848 listed by subject. Although its initial form was compiled some time earlier, it does not appear to have come into use until sometime after 1834 where there is a gap in the circulation records. The first 1,725 entries may have been added at the time of the 1815 supplement with the shift to a new method of arrangement occurring later. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nOn 8 March 1856 a committee of the revived library company was assigned to rearrange and renumber the books for publication. On 29 November 1856, the board voted for 300 copies of the finished catalog to be produced.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nOn 18 June 1858 board president Andrew Jamison resigned. On 4 September Richard L. Carne, the chairmen of the committee on the catalog and president pro-tem submitted \"his amendment to the catalog\" and appointed Sylvester Scott as librarian to constitute a \"committee of revisal.\" A new working catalog is preserved from this period continuing into the Civil War, although it does not appear to have been published.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nFrom the reestablishment of the library in the late 1860s to its failure at the close of the 1870s the lack of a published catalog to advertise the available books was identified as a major issue. The last version of the catalog prior to the Civil War had contained over 5,000 books, of which it was estimated in 1871 that 1,000-1,500 had been lost.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nCirculations records from the early 1870s feature book numbers around 1,000 that do not correspond to any known listing, and numbers were abandoned entirely from May 1871 to January 1872. It was decided on 2 October 1872 to create a new catalog, and the task was assigned to the new librarian, Emma Young. The fact that the numbers of the circulating books changed to include some with numbers over 5,000 after 4 December 1872 indicates that this work was completed, but it was never published and there is no surviving catalog from that period.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe limited use of the catalog is evident from the prevalence of high numbered works among those in circulation. The highest numbers indicated recent acquisitions, which often received announcements in the Alexandria Gazette.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAt the 20 February 1874 meeting, it was noted that \"the last catalogue was published some years previous to the war and had become, by reasons of subsequent losses and additions, very incomplete\" and the board decided to appoint Dr. Theo West \"to catalogue and arrange the books.\" They planned to print the catalog in time for the 1875 annual meeting, but printing was postponed indefinitely. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe new catalog went into effect on 10 July 1874 as seen in the shift in circulation records from a system with numbers up to around 5,800 to a new catalog going to 4,314, but again they were unable to publish it.  Seven months later at the 19 February 1875 meeting, it was decided to arrange a printing \"as soon as possible,\" but this did not occur either.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nOn 10 March 1876 the board decided upon a different plan. The catalog was to be divided among the directors so that copies might be made \"for the librarian's desk.\" The published account of the 21 February 1877 annual meeting noted that \"many persons have given as a reason for not becoming subscribers the inaccessibility of the old library which was not catalogued. This plea no longer holds.\" Doctor West's catalog \"copied by members of the Board without expense, bound in good style, can now always be found on the Librarian's desk.\" Operations ceased and the books went into storage a few years later.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAt the 8 January 1898 meeting of the newly formed Alexandria Library Association, it was moved that the \"the catalogue be printed at once\" with the addition of blank pages between the leaves for advertisements from city merchants.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThis catalog was the first to use a version of the Dewey Decimal System, which had become popular since its first publication in 1888, reaching its 5th edition in 1894. This was the first modern classification system in the history of the Alexandria Library.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSubsequent to the publication of the 1898 catalog in January of that year, there are several mentions of publishing \"supplements\" such as on 11 April 1899 and 11 July 1899 which may refer to the practice of publishing notices with the titles of new additions in the Alexandria Gazette, such as those of 6 July and 13 July 1899.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nOn 1 January 1902 there was a push for a \"supplementary catalogue (being a catalogue of books up to date) be printed\" and the president appointed a committee for that purpose. It was postponed pending the catalog's completion. On 9 October 1906 the board voted to accept an offer from a Mr. White to print 1000 copies in return for advertising space. According to the 8 January 1907 minutes, the library was given half the copies of the 1906 catalog for free, of which it sold 200 and gave 300 away.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe 12 April 1910 minutes mention a decision to \"again postpone the publication a supplementary catalogue.\" On 23 January 1912 it was again put off until the 9 April meeting, where it was decided for a new catalog to be printed and priced at five cents a copy and \"to have the names of the old magazines put into the new catalogue but not into the card catalogue.\" On 12 June 1912 it was reported that \"the catalogue was in the hands of the printer and that Mrs. Monroe was reading the proof\" and the \"new catalog\" was deemed \"ready for distribution\" on 8 October 1912.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe annual report at that same meeting noted that \"the year has also seen the completion of the labelling, classifying, and cataloguing of all the old and valuable magazines which the Board has for so long a time desired to put into shape for distribution,\" which a review of the supplement suggests meant works in good condition available for circulation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nOn 11 April 1933 Mrs. Newell \"volunteered to catalogue old magazines in order that their value may be ascertained.\"  On 9 May 1933 she presented a \"typewritten list\" of \"old magazines\" for appraisal as part of their depression era fundraising efforts. On 10 October she reported them to be of \"no value\" and suggested having them sent to the Salvation Army for use as old paper. On 8 January 1934 the board approved this proposal for those magazines of \"no value,\" which do not appear to have included many titles listed in this catalog.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nNo explicit reason for the abandonment of published catalogs after 1912 was given, but the allusion to card catalogs suggests that it was a final step in the transition from numerical catalogs, which favored bound volumes by allowing new titles to be added to the end of the sequence, to the Dewey Decimal System, which required new titles to be inserted in the correct place in the existing list and was more easily managed with cards which did not require leaving space for new titles as the 1876 catalog had.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe circulation records began with the original library company in 1794 and continued until its collapse in 1880. Some of the gaps in the records reflect periods during which its activity was disrupted.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nDuring the War of 1812, British forces arrived in Alexandria on 29 August 1814 and remained there until 2 September. The library normally closed on Sundays, and remained closed from Sunday 28 August through Tuesday 30 August. It opened from 31 August to 2 September, during which time only four books circulated.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe library was also affected by the Civil War. Hostilities between the Union and Confederacy began at Fort Sumter on 12 April 1861. A vote on Virginia secession was held on 17 April and ratified by a referendum on 23 May. Alexandria was occupied by Union forces the following day. Confederate forces had briefly made use of the Lyceum building housing the library, but it later served as a hospital for the Union. Some books were moved out but others were not.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nIt is unclear were the library operated from in 1861 and 1862, but it did operate. There was a significant reduction in circulation leading up to the war, dropping to a single entry for 22 April 1861. Solitary patrons were recorded for 18th and 30th of May, and an individual withdrew a book every day through 21-25 December, although the May and December entries are in a different hand and initially broke with the format. In early June 1862 however, the library resumed semi-regular hours, usually opening only Tuesday and Thursday but occasionally other days. Records continue into mid-October, after which two pages are missing from the book before it resumes in 1868. Returns are dated as late as December 1862, and it is unclear when the library ceased operations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAttempts to preserve the library in the late 1870s were unsuccessful, and the number of pages per year charts its decline and eventual failure over the second half of the decade.\u003c/p\u003e"],"collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ALEX/repositories_2_resources_128.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/128","title_ssm":["Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)"],"title_tesim":["Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1794-2007"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1794-2007"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS002","/repositories/2/resources/128"],"text":["MS002","/repositories/2/resources/128","Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)","Libraries -- Subscription Libraries","Lectures and Lecturing","Associations, institutions, etc","Public libraries.","Reel 00037, beginning of the reel.","Reel 00037, filmed after 1911-1930 volume but before the Executive minutes of 1938-1947.","Reel 00037 after 1794-1861 volume.","Reel 00037, following 1897-1911 volume.","Reel 00037 filmed after 1868-1879 minutes but before the 1938-1947 executive board minutes.","In 1967, Marjorie Darnell Evans completed a multi-year thesis project for Catholic University of America publishing a reorganized 1815 catalog in alphabetical order by author, and a typed copy of the original as an appendix, of which photocopies also exist.","On Archive.org \nhttps://archive.org/details/catalogueofalexa00alex/page/n5","Reel 00039","The accounting records in the subscription books shifted back and forth between two systems, one listing transactions chronologically and the other listing them under the names of individuals.","\nWith the exception of the 1826-1854 book, all entries are characterized by double-entry bookkeeping, with the left side page documenting money going out (\"to\"), and the right hand page documenting money coming in (\"by\"), this can be confusing as bills for subscriptions seem at times to have been listed in the outgoing section.","\nMost of the books begin with indexes of numbered names in no clear order. The same numbers appear in columns toward the right of the accounts pages, just before the amounts, apparently signifying people and groups with which the transactions were undertaken. These numbers should not be confused with the columns on the left indicating the calendar day. They were dropped around 1826.","\nPayments under the names of individuals appear in the first part of the 1794-1799 volume, the latter parts of the 1799-1809 and 1809-1819 volumes, and throughout the bulk of the two volumes covering 1820-1828.","Arrangement is by year of lecture under its title and orator apart from the seat plan and correspondence on administrative issues. Those are arranged chronologically. Lectures in the modern series were assigned numbers by the Library Company until 1980.","The printed 1801 and 1815 catalogs were arranged by subject and size, with the 1815 supplement seemingly arranged in accession order. ","\nThe 1856 printed catalog was arranged alphabetically by author or title. ","\nWorking catalogs are arranged by number, except that the 1830-1848 switched to a subject system sometime after 1834 and the 1876 is arranged alphabetically. ","\nCatalogs from 1898 on use a version of the Dewey Decimal System. \nThe old magazines are arranged by title. ","\nSee individual arrangement notes for details. ","Civil History, Voyages and Travels, Biography, Antiquities, Geography, and Maps etc. (p.13)  Folios (1-9)  Quartos (10-24)  Octavos (25-109)  Duodecima and Infra (110-151)  Ecclesiastical History, Theology, Didactic Pieces, Moral Philosophy, and Metaphysics (p.29)  Folios (152-154)  Quartos (155-156)  Octavos (157-188)  Duodecima and Infra (189-218)  Arts and Sciences, Natural History, Natural Philosophy, and Miscellaneous Literature (p. 35)  Folios (219-222)  Quartos (223-225)  Octavos (226-266)  Duodecima and Infra (267-293)  Law, Politics, Political Economy, Agriculture, Commerce, etc. (p.42)  Folios (294-295)  Quartos (296)  Octavos (297-326)  Duodecima and Infra (327-338)  Poetry, Plays, Belles Lettres, and Criticism etc. (p.47)  Octavos (339-353)  Duodecima and Infra (354-385)  Novels and Romances (p.52)  Octavos (386)  Duodecimas and Infra (387-427)  Appendix and Supplementary (428-452) (p.54) ","The 1,027 titles were assigned numbers according to the following classification system based on size and subject. The title counts are taken from Evans, 1967.","Miscellaneous Folios (21 titles)  Miscellaneous Quarto (33 titles)  Civil History, Voyages and Travels, Geography, Antiquities, Biography, etc.  Octavos (223 titles)  Duodecima and Infra (95 titles)  Ecclesiastical History, Theology, Essays Moral and Religious, Moral Philosophy and Metaphysics etc.  Octavos (54 titles)  Duodecima and Infra (47 titles)  Miscellaneous _______ General Science, The Arts, Domestic Economy, Natural Philosophy, Periodical Essays, Magazines and Reviews, etc.  Octavo (72 titles)  Duodecima and Infra (43 titles)  Law, Politics, Political Economy, Agriculture, Commerce, etc.  Octavo (60 titles)  Duodecima and Infra (13 titles)  Poetry, the Drama, Belles Lettres, and Criticism Octavo (39 titles)  Duodecima and Infra (13 titles)  Novels and Romances etc. (130 titles)  Appendix-Supplementary and Miscellaneous (30 titles) ","The catalog uses a numbering system in which the full number is given only every hundred and but which otherwise provides only the last two digits, hence the sequence: 98, 99, 1100, 01, 02. ","\nThe main portion of the catalog appears to be in accession order. At the end of the numbers #1,028-#1,728, a cross-listing of about 20 periodical works appears.","History #1-122 -Ecclesiastical History Biography #1-145 Voyages and Travels #1-213 Theology #1-113 Lexicography [crossed out] #1-6 Periodicals #1-31 Novels and Romances #1-350","As well as the unnumbered subjects: ","Poetry, Belles Letters and the Drama Lexicography, Statistics and Encyclopedia Chemistry, Minerology, Surgery, and Materia Medica Periodicals, Philosophy, and Miscellaneous and General Science Law, Oratory of the Bar, and Military and Political Journals","The catalog is arranged alphabetically, usually by author, but otherwise by title. Different volumes bear different numbers. A certain amount of cross-listing is also evident, most obviously through the appendix of Tours, Voyages, and Travels, containing works listed by country that also appear in the main catalog by author. Multi-volume works have the number of volumes indicated following their titles, their numbers end with hyphens to indicate an ascending number for each successive volume.","\nThere are some variations in how titles are counted. The \"Edinburg Encyclopedia\" for example is listed as #1- with 21 volumes but under \"Encyclopedia, Domestic\" it is listed as \"Edinburg\" with 18 volumes and a separate 3 volume supplement at #19-.","The catalog is arranged numerically from 1 to 5,063 following the model of the 1815 Supplement, with numbers greater than 100 being listed in full only every 100 numbers and at the top of each page, but otherwise by their last two digits (e.g. 98, 99, 3900, 1, 2).","\nEntries include the number, title, and volume of the work. The last three pages have volume numbers and titles. Their sequence is unclear and some are periodicals.","The arrangement of the catalog is alphabetical by title with a few additional sections by subject.  The alphabetical portion includes the letters A-N and Q-Y with the letters O and P missing. The subject headings are \"History\" after \"H,\" \"Letters\" after \"L,\" \"Memoirs\" after \"M,\" and \"British Prose Writers\" after \"P.\" A similar practice was used for the \"Pamphlets\" section of Drinker's catalog of the 1830-1848.  Books are numbered up to 4,314.","The main listing of titles is alphabetical by titles beginning with the letters \"R\" and \"S.\"","Arrangement is by classification number and title based on a version of the Dewey Decimal System, but differs from the fifth edition (1894) in some respects, such as listing 973 as \"Egypt\" rather than the United States. (see the 1894 at https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/007477697)","\nClass headings and numbers are followed by subclass numbers, the first two letters of the author's name, and a number in case there are multiple books by that author. Volumes and publications dates are appended to the end of the title.","\nCase numbers (shelf locations) have been written in by hand as well as additional titles written in the margins.","The classification is identical to the 1898 except for the added subheadings of Cuba, Japan, and Korea.\nThere is an alphabetical index of subjects.","The 1912 supplement to the catalog was arranged according the same version of the Dewey Decimal System used in previous publications, with classification numbers for which no books were added to the collection omitted. The two lists of magazines divided them into bound and unbound collections, each arranged by title and date.","Alphabetical by title. Note that bound and unbound magazines are grouped together, rather than separated as in the 1912 supplement list.","The original circulation book of 1794-1795 contains two different systems for tracking loans and borrowers. The columns of the initial system included, from left-to-right: patron name, the time the book was out, book number, and book size. Each book size had its own column, which from left-to-right were folio, \"4-to\" (quarto), \"8-vo\" (octavio), \"12-mo\" (duodecimo or twelvemo), and \"16-mo\" (sextodecimo or sixteenmo).","\nThis method was abandoned, and subsequently an attempt was made to record circulation by subscriber. Each subscriber was assigned a number and accorded a set of pages bearing that number instead of page numbers. An index of them appears at the back with some names crossed out. They are not in alphabetical order on the whole, and may represent the order in which they become subscribers. The left-hand pages list the books taken out and the right-hand pages represent returns. As such, similar years and dates are repeated on both sides.","\nBy the start of the 1801-1805 records, the library \nhad switched to a chronological format, which was flexible enough to accommodate increases in the number of subscribers and variations in their degree of patronage but at the cost of making an individual's activity more difficult to isolate. Columns consisted of: patron, title number and volume number, date and day of the week, date returned, and the number of days late and fine (if any).","\nThis remained standard through 1834 with minor variations, like the addition of a date at the top of the page in the 1814-1818 volume, which lasted into the 1830s, and a key for marks indicating returns and renewals in the 1822-1824 volume.","\nThe 1841-1848 volume introduced a new system which separated each set of records into daily sections, with a heading for each day. The columns from left-to-right provided: title number, patron name, returned date, and subject section; the latter being a feature of the working catalog in use at the time.","\nAbbreviated titles started to appear near the end of June 1845, with some of them being numbered and others not. By July 1845, a majority of the entries were like that. This method disappeared and reappeared over the years that followed.","\nBetween September 1846 and September 1848 the circulation records were kept in the second part of an account book (see notes for the subscription series). The subject system continued during this period under a new organization of columns, consisting of: subject, number (within subject), patron name (with volume number), and finally a column with either a note saying \"return,\" a date, or often a blank field.","\nThe 1857-1858 volume has alphabetical tabs on which patrons are recorded chronologically under the first letter of their name. The columns are also different. From left-to-right they include:  date, patron name (including institutions), title number, and return date. The year is given at the top. In place of a return note, some fields contain other notes like \"mistake\" or \"transferred to Roxbury,\" which are open to interpretation. Titles resume appearing in place of numbers in mid-1858.","\nThe volume covering 1862-1868 shows considerable variation. Initially it featured columns on the left with headings for each day followed by the patron name, while on the right the columns showed the title number and return date. Starting on September 27, 1859 (page 114), the left-hand column was divided between patron name and title, while the columns for title number and return date on the right remained in place. From March 1860 (page 127) to March 1861 (page 175) it returned to the earlier format.","\nThe 1870-1871 volume introduced the columns that would be standard for most of the remainder of the series ending in 1880. They consisted of checkout date, patron name, book title, title number, and return date. The exception was a period beginning in May 1871 and ending on 1 January 1872 of the 1871-1872 volume. During that period, the records provided sections by patron name, with columns for checkout date, title, and return date. There were no title numbers during that period. The arrangement of names was partially alphabetized, possibly reflecting the addition of new names to an originally alphabetical arrangement.","\nIt can be difficult to tell what year it is in some of the later volumes. In the 1872-1874 volume year breaks occur on pages 113 (1873) and 292 (1874). In the 1874-1880 volume they occur on pages 137 (1875), 275 (1876), 345 (1877), 375 (1878), 434 (1879), and 454 (1880).","In the 1780s, a discussion group of Alexandria gentlemen called \"The Society for the Promotion of Useful Knowledge\" was formed. In 1794, many of these same individuals gathered to form the nucleus of the Alexandria Library Company (ALC). The ALC was a subscription library modelled after the Philadelphia Library Company, which had also emerged from such a club. ","Society president Reverend John Muir became president of the ALC, a position he would hold for almost 20 years. Many of the library's founders are known to have been members of local Masonic lodges. Elisha Cullen Dick, who had succeeded George Washington as the leader of Lodge 22, was among the first directors of the ALC as well as the secretary of the earlier Society. The first Librarian was Edward Stabler, the proprietor of an apothecary shop. In 1796, Stabler was replaced by James Kennedy, who served as librarian until 1818. Overlaps and family links between the leadership of the library and other Alexandria institutions remained common over the next century and a half. ","For a time, the Alexandria Lyceum (founded in 1838) and the ALC shared a physical space as well as similar missions. The Alexandria Lyceum was founded as part of a national movement focused on educational lectures. The union between the two organizations was dissolved in 1844, but the library continued to rent space from the Lyceum. The library was later said to have been in a state of \"suspended animation\" from around 1846 to 1852. In 1852, a \"Young Men's\" group took over under the original charter, publishing a new catalog in 1856. The library continued to operate into the Civil War. It remained in the Lyceum but not without acrimony, which is evident in the Alexandria Gazette in 1860. ","In October 1867, an agreement was reached with what was variously referred to as the Alexandria Christian Association and the YMCA for assistance with running the library. The library separated from this organization during the early 1870s. By the second half of the 1870s, the library fell into a decline which the directors blamed on the lack of a published catalog. ","The first library catalog had been prepared by Kennedy in 1796 and published sometime thereafter. The earliest catalog of which there is an extant copy was published in 1801, followed by another in 1808 of which there are few traces. A more enduring catalog was created in 1815. The 1830s saw publication of a supplement to the 1815 catalog and the creation of a working catalog that would be used into the late 1840s. Normal circulation records end in April 1861 when the library was converted into a military hospital. There are stray entries in May and December before operations resumed on a limited basis in May 1862 and continued at least through that year. Over a thousand volumes were lost during the war. Due to the decline in usage in the 1870s, a new catalog was produced by librarian Emma J. Young in 1872 but never published. After two years with Young's catalog, another was commissioned from Dr. Theo West, which also went unpublished. As a stopgap, handwritten copies were used by patrons. In 1898, a new catalog was created which utilized a decimal system for the first time. The last published catalog was a supplement to the 1912 version. ","In the late 1870s, appeals were made to the men of Alexandria for support,. The directors met with another \"Young Men's Library Association\" in 1878 without success, records of operations stop after January 1880.","The Gazette reported in January 1881 that the books were now in the custody of the school board, whose membership included William F. Carne, a former library company director and the son of one its former presidents. In May 1887 it reported that Carne, as leader of the board's library committee, was inviting associations wishing to participate in re-opening the library to a meeting at the Peabody school building where the books were held, and explained that he had always intended a reading room to be opened to the public once space was freed up for that purpose.","In June 1887, the Gazette reported that the \"Reading Circle of Washington and Lee Schools\" organized by teachers two years prior and the YMCA would operate the free library during the summer, in the hope that in September \"an effort will be made, with a very fair prospect of success, to re-organize the Library Company.\" Gazette reports in 1890 and 1891 refer to continued efforts by Carne and others to \"re-open\" the library, and in 1892 being part of a \"committee on the project for a free public library,\" but they did not succeed.","In the decades after 1870s librarianship not only professionalized but underwent a rapid gender shift, and apart from the periods in which there was no librarian for financial reasons, no male librarians seem to have been employed until well into the 20th century. Women's library organizations had become common nationally, and along with the philanthropy of Andrew Carnegie played a major role in the growth of public libraries in America starting in the late 19th century.","In September 1897, the Alexandria Library Association led by Virginia Corse received custody of the books then in possession of the school board. With a modest donation from Carnegie, by 1898 the library was back in business, but as a subscription library, it would not become a free public library for almost 40 years. The new library needed a new librarian, and after one or two initial hires, the association found Alice Green (1865-1956), who would serve from 1902-1937 and in a lesser capacity into the mid-1940s. During this period, space for the library was rented from the United Daughters of the Confederacy (UDC).","The Depression brought financial hardship. As the crisis worsened in early 1931, the association had obtained $1,000 from the city council to form \"a nucleus for the establishment of a public library.\" Discussion of becoming a public library had been common since the 1920s, as the efforts of Carnegie and others had made them the norm nationally. Attempts were made to sell older books and hold fundraisers as subscription fees dried up. There was also a dispute with the UDC over a rent increase in 1933. The library was aided by the wealth of its members, including a $5,000 bequest in 1935 from its long-time treasurer, Margaret L. Smoot.","Members built political support both on the council and among the public in the mid-1930s and in 1937 it was agreed that a building would be constructed on the site of the old cemetery of the Society of Friends and that the city government would cover annual expenses of no more than $5,000 for the association to operate a free library. One member of the board would be appointed by the city. The new governing organization was rebranded the Alexandria Library Society.  Agreements were signed in January, and the library opened at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch's current location, 717 Queen Street.","Another change after 1937 was the gender composition of the leadership. Men served on the board of the new Society and played prominent roles after 1937. After 1948 they typically occupied the presidency of the organization. Most elections were unanimous, often with women casting most of the votes, but it ceased to be a women's organization. ","In 1945 a technicality in the Society's contract with the city was brought to the attention of the board. Namely that the $5,000 the city was obligated to provide each year was not the minimum but rather the maximum contribution, and that the higher appropriations it had been making were illegal. The city took this as an opportunity to demand a contract change beyond the funding formula. Although the men of the city council had representation on the board, the women of the Society were still ultimately running the library, and the Society was asked to allow a majority of the executive board to be appointed by the city, and a minority by the Society. That the city legally \"owned the building and all its contents\" so long as it paid $5,000 per year was also pointed out. The Alexandria Library Society signed the new contract, surrendering control of the library in November 1947. In its reduced role, the Society still elected members to the board and received reports from the librarian. It also retained independent funds that could be used for the benefit of the library. With the library now fully the city's responsibility, the membership was also able to more openly advocate for additional funding.","Another longstanding issue at the library was race. The president's 1928 annual report had endorsed becoming a \"free city library,\" but feared that becoming a Carnegie library \"would bring in some elements hitherto unknown and I think undesirable in our Library.\" In the 1930s the library association favored providing segregated facilities, but, after repeated meetings with the city council, failed to achieve even that modest goal. In the 13 March, 1939, minutes, the issue was revisited yet again, but without result. ","Four days later on 17 March 1939, Sergeant George Wilson was turned down for a library card because of his race and Samuel Tucker filed a civil rights lawsuit against the librarian on his behalf. Plans for a segregated facility were dusted off, and new staff was hired so that the librarian could focus on the controversy. On 21 August 1939, several black men organized by Tucker entered the library and followed Wilson's example, but after being refused, seated themselves in the library with books, beginning America's first library sit-in. It ended only after the city manager called the police, and all were arrested. The lawsuit was dismissed on technical grounds, but to prevent a new lawsuit the city approved the Robert H. Robinson branch, which opened in 1940. Tucker refused to accept a card there. ","A major issue in the early 1950s was the push to expand the overcrowded main library serving the white community. The white librarian at the time, who had been hired in a junior capacity during Tucker's campaign in 1939, suggested to the Society that the expansion could be an opportunity to integrate. In the midst of the debates over expansion and additional funding, an opportunity emerged to purchase a neighboring building on the corner of North Columbus and Queen, which was later demolished. This prompted a discussion about the Alexandria Library Society's connection to the original library company. It was decided to change the name from the \"Alexandria Library Society\" to the \"Alexandria Library Company,\" make the appropriate filings with the state government, and reinstate the 1799 charter, which would be revised by the legislature in the 1980s to help obtain tax-exempt status from the IRS.","This name change was completed at one of the company's most consequential meetings in February 1956. Every member was asked to sign their name in the minute book to signal their assent. A letter from a local civil rights activist questioning the legality of library segregation was also read, but deemed the province of the library board, which referred the matter back to the company whose reply is not preserved.","Member Mangum Weeks thereupon raised the question of the future role of the Library Company, and proposed resuming the tradition of annual lectures dating from the Lyceum period using funds from the newly instituted membership dues. This proposal was adopted, and preparing the annual lectures soon became a major focus of the Company. The Library Company continues to appoint members to the board of the Alexandria Library and hold its annual lecture series. It commissioned a new history of the library by William Seale in 2007, which can be found at the Local History and Special Collections Branch.","Chronological listings for both presidents of the board and librarians up to the modern day.","Presidents of the Library Company and Its Successors February 1794-February 1813 Rev. James Muir February 1813-February 1815 Hugh Smith February 1815-March 1824 John Roberts March 1824-February 1829 Hugh Smith February 1829-February 1835 John Richards February 1835-February 1840 John Roberts February 1840-1852 Elias Harrison 1852-February 1855 J. Louis Kinzer February 1855-September 1858 Francis Miller September 1858- February 1859 Richard L. Carne February 1859-September 1859 Caleb S. Hallowell September 1859-February 1860 William G. Cazenove February 1860-February 1870 Richard L. Carne February 1870-February 1873 K. Kemper February 1873-October 1873 Samuel H. Janney October 1873-February 1874 Sidney C. Neale February 1874-June 1879 Mercer Slaughter September 1897-October 1905 Virginia Corse July 1906-June 1925 Mrs. Samuel. L. Monroe October 1925-April 1930 Loula Smoot April 1930-November 1933 Mrs. Henry B. Soule, [Jessie E. Soule] December 1933-December 1934 Mary Lloyd December 1934-December 1936 Susan Thomson December 1936-November 1937 Mrs. Louis Scott November 1937-November 1944 Mrs. Curtis Backus November 1944-November 1946 Mrs. [Lawrence] Fawcett, [Mary Fawcett] November 1946-November 1947 Howard Worth Smith November 1947-October 1948 [Miss Anne] Lewis Jones October 1948-October 1949 Miss Horne October 1949-October 1950 Mr. Stanley King October 1950-December 1951 Mr. [Joseph] Crockett December 1951-February 1955 Mr. Robert Moncure February 1955-February 1957 Dr. [W. Bruce] Silcox February 1957-February 1959 Stanley King February 1959-February 1962 Mangum Weeks February 1962-February 1963 Richard Bales February 1963-February 1965 Donald King February 1965-February 1967 David Squires February 1967-February 1969 Howard Worth Smith Jr. February 1969-February 1971 William Francis Smith February 1971-February 1972 John T. Ticer February 1972-February 1974 David M. Abshire February 1974-February 1976 Mrs. Merill Beede February 1976-February 1978 Mrs. Douglas Lindsey February 1978-February 1980 Clarke T. Cooper Jr. February 1980-February 1982 William Seale February 1982-February 1983 Denys Peter Myers February 1983-February 1985 William B. Hurd February 1985-February 1986 George J. Stansfield February 1986-February 1987 Dr. Ernest A. Connally February 1987-February 1989 Dr. Wilton C. Corkern, Jr. February 1989-March 1991 James M. Lewis March 1991-March 1992 Mrs. Anne Smith Paul March 1992-March 1993 Richard R. G. Hobson March 1993-March 1995 Dabney Waring March 1995-March 1997 James R. Hobson March 1997-March 1998 Robert C. Reed March 1998-March 2000 Neil Horstman March 2000-March 2002 Carroll Johnson March 2002-March 2003 Thomas C. Brown Jr.","Librarians of Alexandria February 1794-February 1796 Edward Stabler February 1796-February 1818 James Kennedy February 1818-August 1826 William Cranch August 1826-October 1829 W. Samuel Mark October 1829-March 1845 George Drinker March 1845-September 1845 James M. Eaches September 1845-September 1852 C.F. Stuart September 1852-April 1853 H. W. P. Junius September 1852-April 1853 L.? Hunter November 1853 Office Abolished February 1854-October 1855 E. M.[Magruder?] Lowe October 1855-September 1858 Norval E. Foard September 1858-February 1859 S. Scott February 1859-September 1859 Edward R. Roxbury September 1859-February 1860 James A. Clarridge February 1860-April 1861 Charles R. Burgess (acting) April 1861-Unknown Edwin N. Wise March 1868 Wr. Bushby April 1870-May 1871 August Henning July 1871-March 1872 W. F. Stansbury March 1872-August 1873 Emma J. Young October 1873-March 1876 Emily English March 1876 Position Eliminated June 1879 R. Pendleton Bruin (unofficial? acting?) October 1900-October 1903 F. Olive Lyons October 1903-April 1937 (continued part-time, mentioned up to 1946) Alice Green April 1937-December 1938 Miss Beatrice Workman January 1939-January 1941 Katherine Scoggin (later Martyn) February 1941-June 1948 Bessie Watson July 1948-June 1969 (hired part-time October 1939, letter of resignation later that month) Ellen C. Burke July 1969-October 1992 (librarian from 1958) Jeanne G. Plitt","The initial combination of financial and subscription records likely reflected the company's initial dependence on subscription fees, in contrast to the later subscription library in the city that relied more on donors. This recordkeeping system appears to have been a casualty of the merger with the Lyceum, which became official in early 1840.","\nAs the physical volume in use at that time was still mostly blank, it was repeatedly repurposed, first for additional circulation records (until these too lapsed) and later for a \"list of Stockholders and the amount due from each for the year commencing the 13th February 1854,\" which likely relates to the revitalization of the company after its agreement with the Young Men's group. The agreement required the men to find 100 subscribers, and the list was likely prepared for the annual meeting originally scheduled for 20 February (a week after the date on the list), at which it was decided to void the shares of individuals who had not paid.","The 1980 lecture of Dr. William Dudley on \"Captain Gordon and the Raid on Alexandria 1814\" was recorded but was left off the lists of annual lectures printed in later years. It marks the point at which the sequential numbering of annual lectures was stopped. The reason for this is unknown.","No catalog was published under the first librarian, but four were published during the 1796-1818 tenure of his successor.","\nOn 29 December 1796 he was directed to prepare a catalog of books \"classed according to their size and arranged in the order of the alphabet, with the number and cost or value of each,\" although a March 1797 entry suggests that it was still not complete four months later. No copy of this catalog has survived, but there would have been between 200 and 400 titles at that time.","\nThe growth of the collection was driven in part by the acceptance of books in place of subscription fees and the purchase of private libraries. In May 1800 a committee was formed to examine its acquisitions for books that were \"useless, superfluous or of immoral tendency,\" which decided in September to postpone acting on them until it was time to print a new catalog. That time came on 2 November 1801 when a committee was appointed to assist the librarian in creating a new catalog.","\nOn 1 February 1808 the board decided to print a new catalog at 50 cents a copy because \"many members were without any.\" On 2 May this catalog was reported to be largely complete. Another meeting was planned shortly thereafter so that it could be printed \"without delay.\" That meeting is undocumented, if indeed it took place. No copy of this catalog or any direct record of its publication is currently known. But it must have existed since it was referenced in a later circulation book and the librarian received a bonus for his work on it in March 1809.","\nOn 2 May 1814, it was decided to create another new catalog. It would eventually have 1,027 numbers, which circulation records show the library had reached by July 1814. On 14 November 1814, the librarian reported the catalog \"ready for the press.\" He was instructed to obtain 150 copies \"with all convenient dispatch,\" a number raised to 200 the following month. In February 1815, he reported the catalog \"about half-finished\" and presented a copy to the board, which set a price of 50 cents. In March he received compensation for \"his additional trouble in preparing the new catalogue for the press,\" suggesting that the printing had been completed.","\nThe 1815 catalog was later extended by a published supplement that added additional numbers. Unlike other printed works, there is no mention of when the supplement was produced in the minutes. It is, however, clear from circulation records that all its books had circulated by 14 August 1830. According to the minutes, a meeting had been called for 10 May 1830 only to be quickly adjourned \"there appearing no business requiring the attention of the board,\" and quarterly meetings on 2 August and 2 November were adjourned, lacking a quorum. The librarian at the time had replaced his predecessor in October 1829 and been confirmed in the position the following March. It seems plausible that he pushed to update the catalog after becoming librarian but that the question was either not deemed important or could not be addressed due to the lack of quorum but that it was printed in 1830 anyway.","\nAt the same time, a working catalog was created for use in the library itself. It is the earliest preserved catalog of this type but was probably not the first. It contains a relisting of the contents of the 1815 catalog and supplement sorted by the first letter of the alphabet with pamphlets listed separately as well as books added between April 1833 and the suspension of library operations after 1848 listed by subject. Although its initial form was compiled some time earlier, it does not appear to have come into use until sometime after 1834 where there is a gap in the circulation records. The first 1,725 entries may have been added at the time of the 1815 supplement with the shift to a new method of arrangement occurring later. ","\nOn 8 March 1856 a committee of the revived library company was assigned to rearrange and renumber the books for publication. On 29 November 1856, the board voted for 300 copies of the finished catalog to be produced.","\nOn 18 June 1858 board president Andrew Jamison resigned. On 4 September Richard L. Carne, the chairmen of the committee on the catalog and president pro-tem submitted \"his amendment to the catalog\" and appointed Sylvester Scott as librarian to constitute a \"committee of revisal.\" A new working catalog is preserved from this period continuing into the Civil War, although it does not appear to have been published.","\nFrom the reestablishment of the library in the late 1860s to its failure at the close of the 1870s the lack of a published catalog to advertise the available books was identified as a major issue. The last version of the catalog prior to the Civil War had contained over 5,000 books, of which it was estimated in 1871 that 1,000-1,500 had been lost.","\nCirculations records from the early 1870s feature book numbers around 1,000 that do not correspond to any known listing, and numbers were abandoned entirely from May 1871 to January 1872. It was decided on 2 October 1872 to create a new catalog, and the task was assigned to the new librarian, Emma Young. The fact that the numbers of the circulating books changed to include some with numbers over 5,000 after 4 December 1872 indicates that this work was completed, but it was never published and there is no surviving catalog from that period.","\nThe limited use of the catalog is evident from the prevalence of high numbered works among those in circulation. The highest numbers indicated recent acquisitions, which often received announcements in the Alexandria Gazette.","\nAt the 20 February 1874 meeting, it was noted that \"the last catalogue was published some years previous to the war and had become, by reasons of subsequent losses and additions, very incomplete\" and the board decided to appoint Dr. Theo West \"to catalogue and arrange the books.\" They planned to print the catalog in time for the 1875 annual meeting, but printing was postponed indefinitely. ","\nThe new catalog went into effect on 10 July 1874 as seen in the shift in circulation records from a system with numbers up to around 5,800 to a new catalog going to 4,314, but again they were unable to publish it.  Seven months later at the 19 February 1875 meeting, it was decided to arrange a printing \"as soon as possible,\" but this did not occur either.","\nOn 10 March 1876 the board decided upon a different plan. The catalog was to be divided among the directors so that copies might be made \"for the librarian's desk.\" The published account of the 21 February 1877 annual meeting noted that \"many persons have given as a reason for not becoming subscribers the inaccessibility of the old library which was not catalogued. This plea no longer holds.\" Doctor West's catalog \"copied by members of the Board without expense, bound in good style, can now always be found on the Librarian's desk.\" Operations ceased and the books went into storage a few years later.","\nAt the 8 January 1898 meeting of the newly formed Alexandria Library Association, it was moved that the \"the catalogue be printed at once\" with the addition of blank pages between the leaves for advertisements from city merchants.","\nThis catalog was the first to use a version of the Dewey Decimal System, which had become popular since its first publication in 1888, reaching its 5th edition in 1894. This was the first modern classification system in the history of the Alexandria Library.","\nSubsequent to the publication of the 1898 catalog in January of that year, there are several mentions of publishing \"supplements\" such as on 11 April 1899 and 11 July 1899 which may refer to the practice of publishing notices with the titles of new additions in the Alexandria Gazette, such as those of 6 July and 13 July 1899.","\nOn 1 January 1902 there was a push for a \"supplementary catalogue (being a catalogue of books up to date) be printed\" and the president appointed a committee for that purpose. It was postponed pending the catalog's completion. On 9 October 1906 the board voted to accept an offer from a Mr. White to print 1000 copies in return for advertising space. According to the 8 January 1907 minutes, the library was given half the copies of the 1906 catalog for free, of which it sold 200 and gave 300 away.","\nThe 12 April 1910 minutes mention a decision to \"again postpone the publication a supplementary catalogue.\" On 23 January 1912 it was again put off until the 9 April meeting, where it was decided for a new catalog to be printed and priced at five cents a copy and \"to have the names of the old magazines put into the new catalogue but not into the card catalogue.\" On 12 June 1912 it was reported that \"the catalogue was in the hands of the printer and that Mrs. Monroe was reading the proof\" and the \"new catalog\" was deemed \"ready for distribution\" on 8 October 1912.","\nThe annual report at that same meeting noted that \"the year has also seen the completion of the labelling, classifying, and cataloguing of all the old and valuable magazines which the Board has for so long a time desired to put into shape for distribution,\" which a review of the supplement suggests meant works in good condition available for circulation.","\nOn 11 April 1933 Mrs. Newell \"volunteered to catalogue old magazines in order that their value may be ascertained.\"  On 9 May 1933 she presented a \"typewritten list\" of \"old magazines\" for appraisal as part of their depression era fundraising efforts. On 10 October she reported them to be of \"no value\" and suggested having them sent to the Salvation Army for use as old paper. On 8 January 1934 the board approved this proposal for those magazines of \"no value,\" which do not appear to have included many titles listed in this catalog.","\nNo explicit reason for the abandonment of published catalogs after 1912 was given, but the allusion to card catalogs suggests that it was a final step in the transition from numerical catalogs, which favored bound volumes by allowing new titles to be added to the end of the sequence, to the Dewey Decimal System, which required new titles to be inserted in the correct place in the existing list and was more easily managed with cards which did not require leaving space for new titles as the 1876 catalog had.","The circulation records began with the original library company in 1794 and continued until its collapse in 1880. Some of the gaps in the records reflect periods during which its activity was disrupted.","\nDuring the War of 1812, British forces arrived in Alexandria on 29 August 1814 and remained there until 2 September. The library normally closed on Sundays, and remained closed from Sunday 28 August through Tuesday 30 August. It opened from 31 August to 2 September, during which time only four books circulated.","\nThe library was also affected by the Civil War. Hostilities between the Union and Confederacy began at Fort Sumter on 12 April 1861. A vote on Virginia secession was held on 17 April and ratified by a referendum on 23 May. Alexandria was occupied by Union forces the following day. Confederate forces had briefly made use of the Lyceum building housing the library, but it later served as a hospital for the Union. Some books were moved out but others were not.","\nIt is unclear were the library operated from in 1861 and 1862, but it did operate. There was a significant reduction in circulation leading up to the war, dropping to a single entry for 22 April 1861. Solitary patrons were recorded for 18th and 30th of May, and an individual withdrew a book every day through 21-25 December, although the May and December entries are in a different hand and initially broke with the format. In early June 1862 however, the library resumed semi-regular hours, usually opening only Tuesday and Thursday but occasionally other days. Records continue into mid-October, after which two pages are missing from the book before it resumes in 1868. Returns are dated as late as December 1862, and it is unclear when the library ceased operations.","\nAttempts to preserve the library in the late 1870s were unsuccessful, and the number of pages per year charts its decline and eventual failure over the second half of the decade.","Volume ended up with the Leadbeater family in the 1860s but was donated back in 1922. Was moved at one point in Collection 98 (Library Records after 1937) but was moved back to the Library Company Records in 2018.","Filmed 5/1/1969\n\"Alexandria Library Minute Books - 6 Vols\"\nUniversity of Virginia Library Photographic Service","Filmed 5/1/1969\n\"Alexandria Library Minute Books - 6 Vols\"\nUniversity of Virginia Library Photographic Service","Filmed 5/1/1969 \n\"Alexandria Library Minute Books - 6 Vols\"\nUniversity of Virginia Library Photographic Service","Filmed 5/1/1969\n\"Alexandria Library Minute Books - 6 Vols\"\nUniversity of Virginia Library Photographic Service","Filmed 5/1/1969\n\"Alexandria Library Minute Books - 6 Vols\"\nUniversity of Virginia Library Photographic Service","Filmed 5/1/1969\n\"Alexandria Library Minute Books - 6 Vols\"\nUniversity of Virginia Library Photographic Service","A microfilm reproduction of a copy from the Library of Congress with an 1876 stamp donated as a gift of Mr. Allen Reese 3/1/49.","The binding is almost completely broken and many leaves are loose.","Ms 2-2","Ms 2-3","Ms 2-3","Ms 2-3","Ms 2-3","Box 98-2 Folder 16","Ms 2-9","Many of the books have damaged bindings or missing covers. The 1801-1805 volume has both problems, while the 1809-1811 is missing a page and the front cover. The 1814-1816 is also missing pages, as is the 1858-1868 volume for the crucial period of 1862-1863.","A reprocessing project begun in 2018 incorporated several boxes of previously unprocessed materials dating from the 1960s to the 2000s, with the bulk dating from after 1980. They included many short, overlapping sequences of correspondence, lecture, meeting, and member records which were merged into continuations of established series including primarily correspondence and lectures but also meetings and member correspondence. The \"subject files\" were added to the existing miscellaneous series. ","\nSeveral other changes were also made. A re-examination of the catalog, subscription, and circulation books was undertaken and most were renumbered, described, and relabeled based on primary source research. The 1794-1861 minute book that had been donated back in 1922 was also discovered misfiled in Ms 98 (which covers the library proper since 1937) and was returned to its original collection. Some letters found in minute books were moved to the correspondence series, and their original locations were bookmarked with acid free paper. Photocopies of catalogs were removed. ","Records concerning individual lectures, such as programs and invitations, were foldered by individual lecture unless part of a separate series. This permitted the titles of lectures and names of lecturers to be better indexed and gaps in documentation to be made more obvious than would have been the case with separate subseries for programs, transcripts, etc.","There is no mention of when the supplement was produced in the minutes, which is odd for a printed pamphlet. As a result dating was attempted starting from the circulation records, which showed the #1,728 was first checked out on 14 August 1830. According to the minutes, a meeting had been called for 10 May 1830, only to be quickly adjourned \"there appearing no business requiring the attention of the board,\" and quarterly meetings on 2 August and 2 November adjourned for lack of a quorum.  The librarian at the time, George Drinker, had replaced his predecessor in October 1829 and been confirmed in the position in March, so the working hypothesis is that he pushed to update the catalog after becoming librarian but the question was either not deemed important or could not be addressed due to the lack of a quorum and that it was printing anyway sometime in 1830. That date may need to be updated in light of additional evidence in the future (e.g. the Gazette becoming searchable for the 1830s).","\nThe location of the original is unknown despite Library of Congress Classification number noted by a previous processor resembling that of the original 1815 catalog. ","\nThe collection originally contained a photocopy which was removed. I had the image of a staple, suggesting it was a copy of a copy. It was not correctly dated. A modern processor had written \"NOT used. The # sequence would conflict with 1815 catalogue complied by Evans\" in reference to the effort to reconstruct the 1815 arrangement made by Marjorie Darnell Evans, possibly the only record that the individual had access to, and added an \"1815\" date in pen. This is all the more perplexing as another hand had also added a \"1\" before the first number to highlight the fact that the numbers were higher than the 1815 catalog, a fact that tendency to list only the last two digits otherwise obscured.","This volume was difficult to date, for while an inscription makes clear that the book itself was in possession of the library by the end of March 1830, it does not make clear that it was being applied to its intended purpose. It contains a calendar suggesting 1833-1834, but books go until at least 1841 and perhaps 1844, and publication date can differ greatly from acquisition date. Circulation records also show that while created earlier, it was not yet the primary catalog by 1834, and due to gaps in the records we can only demonstrate that the subject system was in use between 1841 and 1848. Although Drinker's name is everywhere, his long service as librarian prevents this information from being particularly useful. In light of all this, it was given a recordkeeping date of 1830-1848, indicating that the collection was documented and it could have been used by librarians during that period, new books were recorded there covering this period, even though the period of active use may have begun at a later, unknown date.","A previous processor had dated this catalog \"1799?\" but the second page of titles lists an \"Address on the Life and actions of Gen. R. E. Lee delivered on the 12th of Oct. 1871 before the Society of Confederate Soldiers and Sailors in Maryland\" which seemed unlikely to predate the Civil War by so many years, so a later date was sought. Although the initial catalog was completed in 1874, it has been given the date of 1876 when this copy was physically created by the directors.","A copy of the \"S\" section of the 1876 catalog was found in the circulation book for the early 1840s, although it dated from decades later. It was moved to the same folder as the \"R\" section, being from the same period and seemingly in the same hand. They were also given a date along with the 1876 catalog.","A photocopy of the original was removed from the collection.","The catalog was previously dated to the 19th century, but has been dated to May 1933 based on the minutes as described in the historical note. The specific reference to a typescript in connection with the term \"old magazines\" in 1933 is difficult to ignore and the scattered notes on condition fit with the goal of appraising the magazines being pursued at that time. I also found it unlikely that the list was drawn up in 1912 as part of the catalog supplement for that year given the differences in arrangement, like the supplement separating bound and unbound volumes, and the differences in contents, like the absence of the Atheneum from the supplement.","A copy of the \"S\" section of the 1876 catalog was found in this circulation book, although it obviously dated from decades later than its period of active use. It was moved to the same folder as the \"R\" section.","The Alexandria Library Records (Ms 98) document the library as a separate institution from 1937 onward.","\nIt particularly complements this collection in its early decades through its administrative correspondence, board correspondence, minutes, annual reports, and organizational records, including contracts with the Alexandria Library Society.","\nThe minutes of the library's executive board (1938-1947) are included in the microfilm version of the library minute books 1794-1947.","Transcripts of library company lectures 2-18 are available in the library.","Lecture series : [transcripts of the audiotapes made of the scholars invited to speak at these annual lectures] Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #2 080 LEC 2 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #3 080 LEC 3 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #4 080 LEC 4 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #5 080 LEC 5 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #6 080 LEC 6 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #7 080 LEC 7 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #8 080 LEC 8 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #9 080 LEC 9 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #10 080 LEC 10 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #11 080 LEC 11 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #12 080 LEC 12 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #13 080 LEC 13 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #14 080 LEC 14 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #15 080 LEC 15 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #16 080 LEC 16 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #17 080 LEC 17 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #18 080 LEC 18","The collection consists of circulation, subscription, and financial ledgers, annual lecture series documents, catalogues, correspondence, and various organizational documents. Topics include: foundation of the\nAlexandria Library Company, its cycles of growth and decline reflecting the local economy; the formation of the local public library system; and the on-going activities of the Alexandria Library Company, most notably its lecture series.","The organizational records series contains those records directly concerned with the library company and its predecessors as organizations. It covers charters, by-laws, contracts, the legal definition of the company, and its history. Charters and by-laws between 1794 and 1944 are generally documented in the minutes and or reprinted in catalogs or the Alexandria Gazette.","The general correspondence series covers a long period of the history of the Library Company and its successors, with the bulk from the modern Library Company after 1954, when more documentation was being produced and captured in a systematic way.","\nFrom the earlier period, one folder covers the old Library Company, including an account of the Civil War and two folders cover the period of the Alexandria Library Association consisting primarily of correspondence with Andrew Carnegie about his financial support. The material from the Alexandria Library Society chiefly consists of copies of minutes. \nFor library related inquiries after 1937 see the extensive public library correspondence in Ms 98.","\nThe post-1954 correspondence includes lecture arrangements, nomination and member correspondence, announcements, and all manner of memoranda and external correspondence.","The financial reports series includes monthly financial reports from the Alexandria Library Association prior the establishment of the public library and annual reports of the Library Company after 1953 along with a limited amount of additional correspondence on related issues.","\nThere is also a file of annual reports which the Library Company was required to make to the state as a corporation.","\nFor records relating to the Alexandria Library Company's efforts to become tax-exempt in the 1980s, see the Organizational Records series.","The meetings series consists chiefly of bound and unbound minutes from the Alexandria Library Company and its successors.","\nThe bound minutes cover the early Library Company from 1794 to its last meeting in 1879, the Alexandria Library Association and Library Society from 1897 through its loss of control of the library in the late 1947, and the Society and modern Library Company from 1948 to 1993.","\nAfter 1937, there are two minute books, one for the \"executive board,\" which ran the library, and the other for the Library Society and later Library Company which appointed some of its members. The 1938-1947 executive board minutes are included in the microfilm copy of the older bound volumes, but the original is located in Ms 98.","\nBylaws, agreements, financial, and membership information often appear in the records, as do records of elections. In some periods, annual reports are pasted into the minute books, which like a lot of library business, was printed in the Gazette.","\nThe unbound meeting records cover the modern period of the Library Company and contain minutes, announcements of meetings, and notes, although for the earlier periods the minutes are merely photocopies of the bound volumes as indicated by page numbers.","The members series contains records relating to the selection, participation, and retention of members of the Library Company, with a focus on the modern period from the 1950s onward. It includes records of the nominating committee, correspondence with and about current or prospective members, and lists of members and guests attending the annual lectures. One of these lists is also available on a 3½ inch disk.","The subscription series consists of bound volumes of records documenting the subscribers of the company while doubling as ledgers for many of the financial transactions of the pre-Lyceum period (1794-1839), with gaps between volumes. Apart from the minutes, the volumes contain the only information on the subscribers of the late 1790s, for which there is a gap in the circulation records.","\nThere are also additional financial records from 1826-1839 and a list of subscribers, paid and not, from 1854. These appear in the same volume (see historical note), along with the circulation records for 1846-1848 in between.","\nThe stubs of printed subscription certificates from 1874-1879 are also included in this series. Each contains an identifying number, the name of a subscriber, and a dollar amount, accompanied in some cases by dates or other notations. A few of the completed patron slips are also in this volume, including dates and the signature of the treasurer.","This series contains information on the annual lecture series, with the bulk covering the period after its revival in 1957. The files for the early years include much of the correspondence arranging for the lectures and information on the lecturers as well as in some cases printed copies of the prepared text. For later years the files consist largely of lecture announcements, programs, and attendance lists. ","\nAudio or video recordings were made of most lectures, but are not currently available. Correspondence relating to the recordings can be found in the relevant subseries. ","\nCorrespondence is also available regarding the production of the printed programs and the selection of speakers during the 1970s along with an undated seat plan. ","\nInformation on attendance and the financial aspects of the lectures can be found in other series. ","\nPrint transcriptions for certain lectures are available in the reading room.","The collection's miscellany includes annual reports of the library, a survey of the old library company books, seals, stationary, and printed matter including poems, fundraising pamphlets, and literature about the library from the League of Women Voters.","The news clippings series consists chiefly of articles about the annual lectures or which report on the annual meetings and the election of officers and members.","The catalogs provide listings of books showing what was available at the library during different time periods and identifying books for some parts of the circulation records. Catalogs also frequently included information on other topics, including the rules of the library, founding documents, library histories, and the value of the books. ","\nTitles were often abbreviated, especially in the working catalogs, and dates of publication were often lacking. This can make identifying a work from the catalog difficult even when copies of it are extant elsewhere. ","\nCatalogs can be used reliably for most of the numerical listings in the circulation records for roughly 1801-1807, 1815-1848, 1856-1862, and 1874-1879. The 1815 catalog was not only bigger than the 1801, but had been renumbered. Because of this practice, the 1801 catalog cannot be relied upon for records prior to its implementation nor after the point in 1807-1808 when its successor went into effect. Since there is no way to know if the 1815 catalog was an extension of the 1808, it likewise cannot be trusted prior to implementation. The 1815 and its supplement were used for a longer period and the 1830-1848 used it as a base, although it altered its system of arrangement leaving around 30 or so numbers undefined for part of the 1830s. The 1856 printed and 1858-1860 working catalogs cover much of the same material and are usable for records into the Civil War. The 1856 is available online in a searchable format and organized to be browsed, while the working catalog is arranged by number. The 1876 copy of the catalog implemented in July 1874 is missing the letters O-P, but is otherwise usable for the last few years of circulation records. ","\nSee specific catalog notes for details. ","The 1801 catalog corresponds to the title numbers 1-452 in the circulations records from around 1802-1808 and offers the number of volumes and value for each. It is hard to be precise since the dates on which it came into and fell out of use at the library are unknown. The fact that books were removed as well as added at the time of its adoption and its organization suggest that it may not be reliable for the 1794-1796 circulation records, and possibly not even for books circulating earlier in 1801 which were likely identified by an earlier catalog. ","\nIn addition to a listing of books, the catalog includes the revised act of incorporation dated September 1799, the laws of the company passed on 2 November 1801 and an alphabetical membership list. \nAt the back is a list of book donations from largest to smallest, including the name of the donor, the total number of volumes donated, and a list of title numbers, along with an index to the catalog and some errata. ","\nIt was printed by Cottom and Stewart in Alexandria and sold for fifty cents a copy. ","This catalog of 1,027 titles includes the title number, number of volumes, and price, as well as a note to indicate whether something was a donation. It is a reliable reference for the decades that followed, but should be used with caution for earlier periods. Comparison with the 1801 catalog shows that titles were inserted with very low numbers, and it is unclear how the 1808 catalog was organized. Given the way the catalog was divided, there is no clear method by which accretions could have been added to the working catalog other than accession order, whereas the 1815 catalog required them to be categorized. ","\nIt is therefore logical to assume that numbers added in between catalog issuances were later changed, and that the 1815 catalog is probably not valid for the preceding period. ","\nThe full title of the catalog included the phrase \"to which are prefixed, the Act of Incorporation; the Laws of the Company, and the Names of the Members,\" but our copy contains only pages 11-46 and does not contain front matter. It is unclear whether the first ten pages were removed, or John A. Stewart's edition was simply printed without them. ","This printed catalog supplement extends the 1815 catalog from #1,027 to #1,728 updating it to August 1830. It was likely published around that time by William Greer, printer, and matches the titles. It matches the numbers of a listing of books dated 1828 in one of the circulation books suggesting that no rearrangement of newer books occurred prior to publication. ","\nThe supplement has most of the same information as the 1815, offering the number, title, volume, and value of each title, but lacks its classification system by size and subject. Despite a short cross-listing of periodical works, it has neither the subject classification nor even alphabetization to make it a ready reference. ","This catalog contains a relisting of the contents of the 1815 catalog and supplement sorted by the first letter of the alphabet with pamphlets listed separately as well as books added between April 1833 and the suspension of library operations after 1848 listed by subject. Although its initial form was compiled by George Drinker some time earlier, it does not appear to gone into effect until sometime after 1834 where there is a gap in circulation records. Because the numbering up to 1,725 remained the same, earlier print catalogs can also be employed for those number for the period from 1815-1848 even though this catalog alone can be used for the numbers 1,726-1,793 during that period.","\nAdditions beyond 1,793 are only usable for the period 1841-1848, because they were relisted here under a combined subject/numbering system after being originally cataloged differently up to around 1,825. The later rearrangement left no record of how those 30 or so numbers should be understood during the period before 1834.","\nThese later additions occupy the latter sections which include materials published from the late-1830s and early 1840s. Other indications of the ongoing nature of the listings include the blank entry for #351 at the end of Novels and Romances and the blank page with the heading \"Biography\" following the rest of that section.","\nThe third, and final section, is the \"List of Books from the Reading Room.\" These are dated 1840-1841, and consist almost entirely of new additions to the periodicals with a few exceptions, chiefly among the first few entries. This suggests that the page may not have been used for its original purpose.","\nThe title/subject organization of the latter part of the catalog is helpful in understanding acquisition priorities during the late-1830s and the Lyceum period of the 1840s.","\nThe inside cover contains a calendar for 1833 going through February 1834, with the Thursdays closest to the middle of each month marked (none are the dates of official meetings). There is also a 29 March 1830 inscription by Drinker, Treasurer, authorizing James Dunlap in financial matters while he is librarian, which may predate the decision to use the book as a catalog. Drinker may have done the first 1,725 entries at that time in preparation for the publication of the 1815 supplement.","As noted in its introduction, the 300 copies of the 1856 catalog were created not as \"a model catalog but such a one as would be practically useful to the readers of the library.\" It serves as a guide to the collection as contemporary subscribers would have known it, covering the first 4,473 volume numbers for this period. For looking up numbers from the circulation records, it is easier to use the searchable catalog of surviving books or the online version. For later acquisitions, one may use the manuscript catalog that was in use internally from 1858-1860 which is arranged by number.","\nIn addition to the aforementioned note on the catalog's creation, the catalog also includes a historical note on the early history of the library and a copy of the 1799 act of incorporation.","This catalog was implemented sometime in the fall of 1858 as an \"amendment\" to the catalog of 1856 and was likely expanded on an ongoing basis up to the Civil War. Since the 1856 catalog was presumably still in use by subscribers, the two contain largely the same information apart from three key differences. Firstly, the 1858 added accretions to the book collection, extending the book numbers from 4,473 to 5,063. The second difference is that it lists the books by number, to assist the librarians in managing the books, rather than by author and title, which in the 1856 catalog assisted subscribers in finding them. Lastly, it should be noted that titles in both catalogs are abbreviated in different ways.","\nDespite the overlap and differences of organization, a person looking up a number in the circulation records between February 1857 and 17 September 1859 may still find it easier to consult a searchable online version of the catalog and reserve use of the 1858 for its last 600 numbers. Starting on 27 September 1859, titles began to appear in the circulation records alongside the numbers, making either catalog usable for numbers below 4,474, although due to unpredictable title abbreviations numerical catalogs remained more reliable.","\nThe catalog was signed by a number of librarians of the company inside the front and back covers, sometimes more than once. This includes a listing made in 1871 which is notable for the presence of names not associated with the title \"librarian\" by the minutes.","The initial form of this catalog was compiled by Doctor Theo West and put into use on 10 July 1874, although there may have been additions by the time it was copied by the directors of the library company into its current form. It was intended for publication, but was later advertised as merely being available at the librarian's desk. It was therefore organized with the aim of finding books by title, like a printed catalog, rather than by number like the manuscript catalogs from before the Civil War. It remained in use until the company shut down after 1880.","\nThe book contains a detailed history of the library company including the text of the 1799 act of incorporation written by \"John Stewart, Keeper of the Rolls.\" It is also the only extant catalog with a book plate, albeit one with the shelf location and classification numbers left blank.","\nThe listing of books is missing the letters O and P at a point where the binding is broken, either because they were removed from this edition or never added in. Title information includes the title and number of each book as well as a \"case\" number (presumably for shelving) and occasional volume and date information. Space is left in many places for additional titles to be added, although in some cases this was handled by inserted slips of paper. For details on the organization of the title list see the arrangement note.","This listing of \"R\" titles is largely the same as that copied by the directors for the 1876 catalog, but appears to be in a different hand (most noticeably the number 8). The listing for \"S\" appears to be the same hand as \"R.\" Also included are two pieces of paper with additional titles, and notes in blue asking that additional space be left for new titles to be added. That feature of the main 1876 catalog is absent here and may be the reason it was not included in a complete volume.","The 1898 catalog provides the earliest record of the library's collection after its reestablishment by the Alexandria Library Association, including numbers of volumes and publications dates for each title. The subject classification allows a simple method of gauging the balance of the collection between different areas, particularly in comparison with the publications of 1906 and 1912. Handwritten notes seem to indicate additions and shelf locations, although the date and provenance of those notes is unclear.","A complete update to the 1898 catalog, the 1906 retained the same basic classification system apart from the addition of 3 new sub-classes. It also includes a chart of subscription prices for the library at the front giving lengths of time and numbers of books and a large number of advertisements from local businesses.","\nFor the new subclasses see arrangement note.","The 1912 supplement to the catalog includes additions to the library collection since 1906 as well as a listing of old magazines, which were not mentioned in the 1906 catalog. Most classification numbers were therefore unneeded. The bulk of the entries appear to be fiction and old magazines.","This typescript contains a listing of \"old magazines\" by title and volume that were in the collection in 1933. It also includes some notes on their condition, such as whether they were bound and missing covers, pages, and volumes.","The circulation records consist of bound volumes containing lists of books checked out. They typically list the name of the subscriber, the date, and some method of identifying the work along with various other details. For much of its history, the old library company identified books only by number, although titles and combinations of numbers and titles began appearing around 1845, with titles becoming commonplace after 1858.","\nThe catalogs can be used reliably for only some of the numerical listings due to additions following the publication of rapidly outdated catalogs and changes in numbering that preceded new ones. They are relevant to some of the numbers for 1801-1807, 1815-1848, 1856-1862, and 1874-1879 (see catalog series notes and below). Because of possible renumbering, the 1801 catalog cannot be relied upon for records prior to its implementation nor after the point in 1807-1808 when its successor went into effect. Since there is no way to know if the 1815 catalog was an extension of the 1808 or if it was the first to change the numbering from the 1801, it likewise cannot be trusted prior to its implementation.","\nThe 1815 and its supplement were used for a longer period and the 1834-1848 catalog used it as a base, despite altering its system of arrangement for later materials and leaving about 30 numbers unclear due to renumbering. The 1856 printed and 1858-1860 working catalogs cover much of the same material and are usable into the Civil War. Notably, the 1856 is available online in a searchable format. It was arranged to be browsed, while the working catalog is arranged by number only. The 1876 copy of the catalog implemented in July 1874 is missing the letters O-P, but is otherwise usable for the last few years of circulation records.","\nEven when numbers cannot be identified, useful information can be inferred from changes in the numbering system and preferences for numbers from particular periods, such as for new acquisitions. One can also use the records to quantify the level of patronage as a whole in various periods. There are no circulation records at the book level from the Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937) and later, although summary reports of circulation became common during the modern period and were often noted in minutes and annual reports.","\nThere are significant gaps in the circulation records, which nominally cover the period from November 1794 to January 1880. These come in several different types. Some of them appear to indicate missing volumes, including July 1795-June 1801, May 1811-February 1814, January 1835-Feburary 1841, September 1848-October 1858, and 1868-1870, but there are also gaps of a few months between volumes in 1805, 1824, 1846, 1871, and 1874. Additionally, there is a month of pages missing from the middle of 1831, and two pages are missing after October 1862, even though returns were noted as late December, before resuming in April 1868 (on the Civil War see the historical note for this series).","\nTitle numbers began at around 200, gradually rising to over 5,000 before the Civil War. After the war, numbers ran below 1,000 for the most part, before changing to numbers over 5,000 again on 4 December 1873 (p.279) and then dropping to lower numbers on 10 July 1874 (p.69), with some titles in the 5000s being renumbered to the 3000s.","\nMany of volumes contain lists of books in their front or back matter, usually including both titles and numbers. This is one of the only sources for matching that information for some periods of the library's history and includes the only reference to the 1808 catalog outside the minutes. They include lists of missing books (the 1822-1824 volume), books sent to be bound (1824-1828 and 1828-1831) and of the Waverly Novels (1822-1824).","\nChanges in the hand recording the information signal personnel changes, and many of the volumes were inscribed with the names of librarians or members of the company, occasionally accompanied by other kinds of scribbling as in 1814-1816, 1831-1834, and especially 1858-1868. There is also some doodling, which appears inside the covers in a modest way in the 1814-1816 volume and far more extensively in the 1841-1848 and 1858-1868 ones. The 1841-1848 also contains doodles among the actual circulation records.","\nFor the columns and specific information that varied over time see the arrangement note for this series.","Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)","Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS002","/repositories/2/resources/128"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)"],"collection_ssim":["Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)"],"repository_ssm":["Alexandria Library"],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Libraries -- Subscription Libraries","Lectures and Lecturing","Associations, institutions, etc"],"geogname_ssim":["Libraries -- Subscription Libraries","Lectures and Lecturing","Associations, institutions, etc"],"creator_ssm":["Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)"],"creator_ssim":["Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)"],"creators_ssim":["Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)"],"places_ssim":["Libraries -- Subscription Libraries","Lectures and Lecturing","Associations, institutions, etc"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Public libraries."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Public libraries."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8.10 Cubic Feet 13 boxes, 2 oversize boxes, 1 record carton"],"extent_tesim":["8.10 Cubic Feet 13 boxes, 2 oversize boxes, 1 record 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00037, beginning of the reel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReel 00037, filmed after 1911-1930 volume but before the Executive minutes of 1938-1947.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReel 00037 after 1794-1861 volume.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReel 00037, following 1897-1911 volume.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReel 00037 filmed after 1868-1879 minutes but before the 1938-1947 executive board minutes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1967, Marjorie Darnell Evans completed a multi-year thesis project for Catholic University of America publishing a reorganized 1815 catalog in alphabetical order by author, and a typed copy of the original as an appendix, of which photocopies also exist.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn Archive.org \nhttps://archive.org/details/catalogueofalexa00alex/page/n5\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReel 00039\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Microfilm Copy","Microfilm Copy","Microfilm Copy","Microfilm Copy","Microfilm Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Digitized Copy","Microfilm Copy"],"altformavail_tesim":["Reel 00037, beginning of the reel.","Reel 00037, filmed after 1911-1930 volume but before the Executive minutes of 1938-1947.","Reel 00037 after 1794-1861 volume.","Reel 00037, following 1897-1911 volume.","Reel 00037 filmed after 1868-1879 minutes but before the 1938-1947 executive board minutes.","In 1967, Marjorie Darnell Evans completed a multi-year thesis project for Catholic University of America publishing a reorganized 1815 catalog in alphabetical order by author, and a typed copy of the original as an appendix, of which photocopies also exist.","On Archive.org \nhttps://archive.org/details/catalogueofalexa00alex/page/n5","Reel 00039"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe accounting records in the subscription books shifted back and forth between two systems, one listing transactions chronologically and the other listing them under the names of individuals.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nWith the exception of the 1826-1854 book, all entries are characterized by double-entry bookkeeping, with the left side page documenting money going out (\"to\"), and the right hand page documenting money coming in (\"by\"), this can be confusing as bills for subscriptions seem at times to have been listed in the outgoing section.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nMost of the books begin with indexes of numbered names in no clear order. The same numbers appear in columns toward the right of the accounts pages, just before the amounts, apparently signifying people and groups with which the transactions were undertaken. These numbers should not be confused with the columns on the left indicating the calendar day. They were dropped around 1826.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nPayments under the names of individuals appear in the first part of the 1794-1799 volume, the latter parts of the 1799-1809 and 1809-1819 volumes, and throughout the bulk of the two volumes covering 1820-1828.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArrangement is by year of lecture under its title and orator apart from the seat plan and correspondence on administrative issues. Those are arranged chronologically. Lectures in the modern series were assigned numbers by the Library Company until 1980.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe printed 1801 and 1815 catalogs were arranged by subject and size, with the 1815 supplement seemingly arranged in accession order. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe 1856 printed catalog was arranged alphabetically by author or title. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nWorking catalogs are arranged by number, except that the 1830-1848 switched to a subject system sometime after 1834 and the 1876 is arranged alphabetically. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nCatalogs from 1898 on use a version of the Dewey Decimal System. \nThe old magazines are arranged by title. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSee individual arrangement notes for details. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCivil History, Voyages and Travels, Biography, Antiquities, Geography, and Maps etc. (p.13) \u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFolios (1-9) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eQuartos (10-24) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOctavos (25-109) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDuodecima and Infra (110-151) \u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEcclesiastical History, Theology, Didactic Pieces, Moral Philosophy, and Metaphysics (p.29) \u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFolios (152-154) \u003c/li\u003e\t\n\u003cli\u003eQuartos (155-156) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOctavos (157-188) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDuodecima and Infra (189-218) \u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eArts and Sciences, Natural History, Natural Philosophy, and Miscellaneous Literature (p. 35) \u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFolios (219-222) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eQuartos (223-225) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOctavos (226-266) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDuodecima and Infra (267-293) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLaw, Politics, Political Economy, Agriculture, Commerce, etc. (p.42) \u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFolios (294-295) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eQuartos (296) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOctavos (297-326) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDuodecima and Infra (327-338) \u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePoetry, Plays, Belles Lettres, and Criticism etc. (p.47) \u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOctavos (339-353) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDuodecima and Infra (354-385) \u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNovels and Romances (p.52) \u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOctavos (386) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDuodecimas and Infra (387-427) \u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAppendix and Supplementary (428-452) (p.54) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 1,027 titles were assigned numbers according to the following classification system based on size and subject. The title counts are taken from Evans, 1967.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMiscellaneous Folios (21 titles) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMiscellaneous Quarto (33 titles) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCivil History, Voyages and Travels, Geography, Antiquities, Biography, etc. \u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOctavos (223 titles) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDuodecima and Infra (95 titles) \u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEcclesiastical History, Theology, Essays Moral and Religious, Moral Philosophy and Metaphysics etc. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOctavos (54 titles) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDuodecima and Infra (47 titles) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMiscellaneous _______ General Science, The Arts, Domestic Economy, Natural Philosophy, Periodical Essays, Magazines and Reviews, etc. \u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOctavo (72 titles) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDuodecima and Infra (43 titles) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\t\n\u003cli\u003eLaw, Politics, Political Economy, Agriculture, Commerce, etc. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOctavo (60 titles) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDuodecima and Infra (13 titles) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePoetry, the Drama, Belles Lettres, and Criticism\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOctavo (39 titles) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDuodecima and Infra (13 titles) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNovels and Romances etc. (130 titles) \u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eAppendix-Supplementary and Miscellaneous (30 titles) \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe catalog uses a numbering system in which the full number is given only every hundred and but which otherwise provides only the last two digits, hence the sequence: 98, 99, 1100, 01, 02. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe main portion of the catalog appears to be in accession order. At the end of the numbers #1,028-#1,728, a cross-listing of about 20 periodical works appears.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHistory #1-122\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e-Ecclesiastical History\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e \n\u003cli\u003eBiography #1-145\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVoyages and Travels #1-213\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTheology #1-113\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLexicography [crossed out] #1-6\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePeriodicals #1-31\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNovels and Romances #1-350\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs well as the unnumbered subjects: \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cul\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003ePoetry, Belles Letters and the Drama\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eLexicography, Statistics and Encyclopedia\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eChemistry, Minerology, Surgery, and Materia Medica\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003ePeriodicals, Philosophy, and Miscellaneous and General Science\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eLaw, Oratory of the Bar, and Military and Political Journals\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe catalog is arranged alphabetically, usually by author, but otherwise by title. Different volumes bear different numbers. A certain amount of cross-listing is also evident, most obviously through the appendix of Tours, Voyages, and Travels, containing works listed by country that also appear in the main catalog by author. Multi-volume works have the number of volumes indicated following their titles, their numbers end with hyphens to indicate an ascending number for each successive volume.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThere are some variations in how titles are counted. The \"Edinburg Encyclopedia\" for example is listed as #1- with 21 volumes but under \"Encyclopedia, Domestic\" it is listed as \"Edinburg\" with 18 volumes and a separate 3 volume supplement at #19-.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe catalog is arranged numerically from 1 to 5,063 following the model of the 1815 Supplement, with numbers greater than 100 being listed in full only every 100 numbers and at the top of each page, but otherwise by their last two digits (e.g. 98, 99, 3900, 1, 2).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nEntries include the number, title, and volume of the work. The last three pages have volume numbers and titles. Their sequence is unclear and some are periodicals.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe arrangement of the catalog is alphabetical by title with a few additional sections by subject.  The alphabetical portion includes the letters A-N and Q-Y with the letters O and P missing. The subject headings are \"History\" after \"H,\" \"Letters\" after \"L,\" \"Memoirs\" after \"M,\" and \"British Prose Writers\" after \"P.\" A similar practice was used for the \"Pamphlets\" section of Drinker's catalog of the 1830-1848.  Books are numbered up to 4,314.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe main listing of titles is alphabetical by titles beginning with the letters \"R\" and \"S.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArrangement is by classification number and title based on a version of the Dewey Decimal System, but differs from the fifth edition (1894) in some respects, such as listing 973 as \"Egypt\" rather than the United States. (see the 1894 at https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/007477697)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nClass headings and numbers are followed by subclass numbers, the first two letters of the author's name, and a number in case there are multiple books by that author. Volumes and publications dates are appended to the end of the title.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nCase numbers (shelf locations) have been written in by hand as well as additional titles written in the margins.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe classification is identical to the 1898 except for the added subheadings of Cuba, Japan, and Korea.\nThere is an alphabetical index of subjects.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 1912 supplement to the catalog was arranged according the same version of the Dewey Decimal System used in previous publications, with classification numbers for which no books were added to the collection omitted. The two lists of magazines divided them into bound and unbound collections, each arranged by title and date.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetical by title. Note that bound and unbound magazines are grouped together, rather than separated as in the 1912 supplement list.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe original circulation book of 1794-1795 contains two different systems for tracking loans and borrowers. The columns of the initial system included, from left-to-right: patron name, the time the book was out, book number, and book size. Each book size had its own column, which from left-to-right were folio, \"4-to\" (quarto), \"8-vo\" (octavio), \"12-mo\" (duodecimo or twelvemo), and \"16-mo\" (sextodecimo or sixteenmo).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThis method was abandoned, and subsequently an attempt was made to record circulation by subscriber. Each subscriber was assigned a number and accorded a set of pages bearing that number instead of page numbers. An index of them appears at the back with some names crossed out. They are not in alphabetical order on the whole, and may represent the order in which they become subscribers. The left-hand pages list the books taken out and the right-hand pages represent returns. As such, similar years and dates are repeated on both sides.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nBy the start of the 1801-1805 records, the library \nhad switched to a chronological format, which was flexible enough to accommodate increases in the number of subscribers and variations in their degree of patronage but at the cost of making an individual's activity more difficult to isolate. Columns consisted of: patron, title number and volume number, date and day of the week, date returned, and the number of days late and fine (if any).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThis remained standard through 1834 with minor variations, like the addition of a date at the top of the page in the 1814-1818 volume, which lasted into the 1830s, and a key for marks indicating returns and renewals in the 1822-1824 volume.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe 1841-1848 volume introduced a new system which separated each set of records into daily sections, with a heading for each day. The columns from left-to-right provided: title number, patron name, returned date, and subject section; the latter being a feature of the working catalog in use at the time.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAbbreviated titles started to appear near the end of June 1845, with some of them being numbered and others not. By July 1845, a majority of the entries were like that. This method disappeared and reappeared over the years that followed.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nBetween September 1846 and September 1848 the circulation records were kept in the second part of an account book (see notes for the subscription series). The subject system continued during this period under a new organization of columns, consisting of: subject, number (within subject), patron name (with volume number), and finally a column with either a note saying \"return,\" a date, or often a blank field.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe 1857-1858 volume has alphabetical tabs on which patrons are recorded chronologically under the first letter of their name. The columns are also different. From left-to-right they include:  date, patron name (including institutions), title number, and return date. The year is given at the top. In place of a return note, some fields contain other notes like \"mistake\" or \"transferred to Roxbury,\" which are open to interpretation. Titles resume appearing in place of numbers in mid-1858.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe volume covering 1862-1868 shows considerable variation. Initially it featured columns on the left with headings for each day followed by the patron name, while on the right the columns showed the title number and return date. Starting on September 27, 1859 (page 114), the left-hand column was divided between patron name and title, while the columns for title number and return date on the right remained in place. From March 1860 (page 127) to March 1861 (page 175) it returned to the earlier format.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe 1870-1871 volume introduced the columns that would be standard for most of the remainder of the series ending in 1880. They consisted of checkout date, patron name, book title, title number, and return date. The exception was a period beginning in May 1871 and ending on 1 January 1872 of the 1871-1872 volume. During that period, the records provided sections by patron name, with columns for checkout date, title, and return date. There were no title numbers during that period. The arrangement of names was partially alphabetized, possibly reflecting the addition of new names to an originally alphabetical arrangement.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nIt can be difficult to tell what year it is in some of the later volumes. In the 1872-1874 volume year breaks occur on pages 113 (1873) and 292 (1874). In the 1874-1880 volume they occur on pages 137 (1875), 275 (1876), 345 (1877), 375 (1878), 434 (1879), and 454 (1880).\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The accounting records in the subscription books shifted back and forth between two systems, one listing transactions chronologically and the other listing them under the names of individuals.","\nWith the exception of the 1826-1854 book, all entries are characterized by double-entry bookkeeping, with the left side page documenting money going out (\"to\"), and the right hand page documenting money coming in (\"by\"), this can be confusing as bills for subscriptions seem at times to have been listed in the outgoing section.","\nMost of the books begin with indexes of numbered names in no clear order. The same numbers appear in columns toward the right of the accounts pages, just before the amounts, apparently signifying people and groups with which the transactions were undertaken. These numbers should not be confused with the columns on the left indicating the calendar day. They were dropped around 1826.","\nPayments under the names of individuals appear in the first part of the 1794-1799 volume, the latter parts of the 1799-1809 and 1809-1819 volumes, and throughout the bulk of the two volumes covering 1820-1828.","Arrangement is by year of lecture under its title and orator apart from the seat plan and correspondence on administrative issues. Those are arranged chronologically. Lectures in the modern series were assigned numbers by the Library Company until 1980.","The printed 1801 and 1815 catalogs were arranged by subject and size, with the 1815 supplement seemingly arranged in accession order. ","\nThe 1856 printed catalog was arranged alphabetically by author or title. ","\nWorking catalogs are arranged by number, except that the 1830-1848 switched to a subject system sometime after 1834 and the 1876 is arranged alphabetically. ","\nCatalogs from 1898 on use a version of the Dewey Decimal System. \nThe old magazines are arranged by title. ","\nSee individual arrangement notes for details. ","Civil History, Voyages and Travels, Biography, Antiquities, Geography, and Maps etc. (p.13)  Folios (1-9)  Quartos (10-24)  Octavos (25-109)  Duodecima and Infra (110-151)  Ecclesiastical History, Theology, Didactic Pieces, Moral Philosophy, and Metaphysics (p.29)  Folios (152-154)  Quartos (155-156)  Octavos (157-188)  Duodecima and Infra (189-218)  Arts and Sciences, Natural History, Natural Philosophy, and Miscellaneous Literature (p. 35)  Folios (219-222)  Quartos (223-225)  Octavos (226-266)  Duodecima and Infra (267-293)  Law, Politics, Political Economy, Agriculture, Commerce, etc. (p.42)  Folios (294-295)  Quartos (296)  Octavos (297-326)  Duodecima and Infra (327-338)  Poetry, Plays, Belles Lettres, and Criticism etc. (p.47)  Octavos (339-353)  Duodecima and Infra (354-385)  Novels and Romances (p.52)  Octavos (386)  Duodecimas and Infra (387-427)  Appendix and Supplementary (428-452) (p.54) ","The 1,027 titles were assigned numbers according to the following classification system based on size and subject. The title counts are taken from Evans, 1967.","Miscellaneous Folios (21 titles)  Miscellaneous Quarto (33 titles)  Civil History, Voyages and Travels, Geography, Antiquities, Biography, etc.  Octavos (223 titles)  Duodecima and Infra (95 titles)  Ecclesiastical History, Theology, Essays Moral and Religious, Moral Philosophy and Metaphysics etc.  Octavos (54 titles)  Duodecima and Infra (47 titles)  Miscellaneous _______ General Science, The Arts, Domestic Economy, Natural Philosophy, Periodical Essays, Magazines and Reviews, etc.  Octavo (72 titles)  Duodecima and Infra (43 titles)  Law, Politics, Political Economy, Agriculture, Commerce, etc.  Octavo (60 titles)  Duodecima and Infra (13 titles)  Poetry, the Drama, Belles Lettres, and Criticism Octavo (39 titles)  Duodecima and Infra (13 titles)  Novels and Romances etc. (130 titles)  Appendix-Supplementary and Miscellaneous (30 titles) ","The catalog uses a numbering system in which the full number is given only every hundred and but which otherwise provides only the last two digits, hence the sequence: 98, 99, 1100, 01, 02. ","\nThe main portion of the catalog appears to be in accession order. At the end of the numbers #1,028-#1,728, a cross-listing of about 20 periodical works appears.","History #1-122 -Ecclesiastical History Biography #1-145 Voyages and Travels #1-213 Theology #1-113 Lexicography [crossed out] #1-6 Periodicals #1-31 Novels and Romances #1-350","As well as the unnumbered subjects: ","Poetry, Belles Letters and the Drama Lexicography, Statistics and Encyclopedia Chemistry, Minerology, Surgery, and Materia Medica Periodicals, Philosophy, and Miscellaneous and General Science Law, Oratory of the Bar, and Military and Political Journals","The catalog is arranged alphabetically, usually by author, but otherwise by title. Different volumes bear different numbers. A certain amount of cross-listing is also evident, most obviously through the appendix of Tours, Voyages, and Travels, containing works listed by country that also appear in the main catalog by author. Multi-volume works have the number of volumes indicated following their titles, their numbers end with hyphens to indicate an ascending number for each successive volume.","\nThere are some variations in how titles are counted. The \"Edinburg Encyclopedia\" for example is listed as #1- with 21 volumes but under \"Encyclopedia, Domestic\" it is listed as \"Edinburg\" with 18 volumes and a separate 3 volume supplement at #19-.","The catalog is arranged numerically from 1 to 5,063 following the model of the 1815 Supplement, with numbers greater than 100 being listed in full only every 100 numbers and at the top of each page, but otherwise by their last two digits (e.g. 98, 99, 3900, 1, 2).","\nEntries include the number, title, and volume of the work. The last three pages have volume numbers and titles. Their sequence is unclear and some are periodicals.","The arrangement of the catalog is alphabetical by title with a few additional sections by subject.  The alphabetical portion includes the letters A-N and Q-Y with the letters O and P missing. The subject headings are \"History\" after \"H,\" \"Letters\" after \"L,\" \"Memoirs\" after \"M,\" and \"British Prose Writers\" after \"P.\" A similar practice was used for the \"Pamphlets\" section of Drinker's catalog of the 1830-1848.  Books are numbered up to 4,314.","The main listing of titles is alphabetical by titles beginning with the letters \"R\" and \"S.\"","Arrangement is by classification number and title based on a version of the Dewey Decimal System, but differs from the fifth edition (1894) in some respects, such as listing 973 as \"Egypt\" rather than the United States. (see the 1894 at https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/007477697)","\nClass headings and numbers are followed by subclass numbers, the first two letters of the author's name, and a number in case there are multiple books by that author. Volumes and publications dates are appended to the end of the title.","\nCase numbers (shelf locations) have been written in by hand as well as additional titles written in the margins.","The classification is identical to the 1898 except for the added subheadings of Cuba, Japan, and Korea.\nThere is an alphabetical index of subjects.","The 1912 supplement to the catalog was arranged according the same version of the Dewey Decimal System used in previous publications, with classification numbers for which no books were added to the collection omitted. The two lists of magazines divided them into bound and unbound collections, each arranged by title and date.","Alphabetical by title. Note that bound and unbound magazines are grouped together, rather than separated as in the 1912 supplement list.","The original circulation book of 1794-1795 contains two different systems for tracking loans and borrowers. The columns of the initial system included, from left-to-right: patron name, the time the book was out, book number, and book size. Each book size had its own column, which from left-to-right were folio, \"4-to\" (quarto), \"8-vo\" (octavio), \"12-mo\" (duodecimo or twelvemo), and \"16-mo\" (sextodecimo or sixteenmo).","\nThis method was abandoned, and subsequently an attempt was made to record circulation by subscriber. Each subscriber was assigned a number and accorded a set of pages bearing that number instead of page numbers. An index of them appears at the back with some names crossed out. They are not in alphabetical order on the whole, and may represent the order in which they become subscribers. The left-hand pages list the books taken out and the right-hand pages represent returns. As such, similar years and dates are repeated on both sides.","\nBy the start of the 1801-1805 records, the library \nhad switched to a chronological format, which was flexible enough to accommodate increases in the number of subscribers and variations in their degree of patronage but at the cost of making an individual's activity more difficult to isolate. Columns consisted of: patron, title number and volume number, date and day of the week, date returned, and the number of days late and fine (if any).","\nThis remained standard through 1834 with minor variations, like the addition of a date at the top of the page in the 1814-1818 volume, which lasted into the 1830s, and a key for marks indicating returns and renewals in the 1822-1824 volume.","\nThe 1841-1848 volume introduced a new system which separated each set of records into daily sections, with a heading for each day. The columns from left-to-right provided: title number, patron name, returned date, and subject section; the latter being a feature of the working catalog in use at the time.","\nAbbreviated titles started to appear near the end of June 1845, with some of them being numbered and others not. By July 1845, a majority of the entries were like that. This method disappeared and reappeared over the years that followed.","\nBetween September 1846 and September 1848 the circulation records were kept in the second part of an account book (see notes for the subscription series). The subject system continued during this period under a new organization of columns, consisting of: subject, number (within subject), patron name (with volume number), and finally a column with either a note saying \"return,\" a date, or often a blank field.","\nThe 1857-1858 volume has alphabetical tabs on which patrons are recorded chronologically under the first letter of their name. The columns are also different. From left-to-right they include:  date, patron name (including institutions), title number, and return date. The year is given at the top. In place of a return note, some fields contain other notes like \"mistake\" or \"transferred to Roxbury,\" which are open to interpretation. Titles resume appearing in place of numbers in mid-1858.","\nThe volume covering 1862-1868 shows considerable variation. Initially it featured columns on the left with headings for each day followed by the patron name, while on the right the columns showed the title number and return date. Starting on September 27, 1859 (page 114), the left-hand column was divided between patron name and title, while the columns for title number and return date on the right remained in place. From March 1860 (page 127) to March 1861 (page 175) it returned to the earlier format.","\nThe 1870-1871 volume introduced the columns that would be standard for most of the remainder of the series ending in 1880. They consisted of checkout date, patron name, book title, title number, and return date. The exception was a period beginning in May 1871 and ending on 1 January 1872 of the 1871-1872 volume. During that period, the records provided sections by patron name, with columns for checkout date, title, and return date. There were no title numbers during that period. The arrangement of names was partially alphabetized, possibly reflecting the addition of new names to an originally alphabetical arrangement.","\nIt can be difficult to tell what year it is in some of the later volumes. In the 1872-1874 volume year breaks occur on pages 113 (1873) and 292 (1874). In the 1874-1880 volume they occur on pages 137 (1875), 275 (1876), 345 (1877), 375 (1878), 434 (1879), and 454 (1880)."],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical","Presidents and Librarians of the Library","Historical Note","Biographical / Historical","Historical Note","Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["In the 1780s, a discussion group of Alexandria gentlemen called \"The Society for the Promotion of Useful Knowledge\" was formed. In 1794, many of these same individuals gathered to form the nucleus of the Alexandria Library Company (ALC). The ALC was a subscription library modelled after the Philadelphia Library Company, which had also emerged from such a club. ","Society president Reverend John Muir became president of the ALC, a position he would hold for almost 20 years. Many of the library's founders are known to have been members of local Masonic lodges. Elisha Cullen Dick, who had succeeded George Washington as the leader of Lodge 22, was among the first directors of the ALC as well as the secretary of the earlier Society. The first Librarian was Edward Stabler, the proprietor of an apothecary shop. In 1796, Stabler was replaced by James Kennedy, who served as librarian until 1818. Overlaps and family links between the leadership of the library and other Alexandria institutions remained common over the next century and a half. ","For a time, the Alexandria Lyceum (founded in 1838) and the ALC shared a physical space as well as similar missions. The Alexandria Lyceum was founded as part of a national movement focused on educational lectures. The union between the two organizations was dissolved in 1844, but the library continued to rent space from the Lyceum. The library was later said to have been in a state of \"suspended animation\" from around 1846 to 1852. In 1852, a \"Young Men's\" group took over under the original charter, publishing a new catalog in 1856. The library continued to operate into the Civil War. It remained in the Lyceum but not without acrimony, which is evident in the Alexandria Gazette in 1860. ","In October 1867, an agreement was reached with what was variously referred to as the Alexandria Christian Association and the YMCA for assistance with running the library. The library separated from this organization during the early 1870s. By the second half of the 1870s, the library fell into a decline which the directors blamed on the lack of a published catalog. ","The first library catalog had been prepared by Kennedy in 1796 and published sometime thereafter. The earliest catalog of which there is an extant copy was published in 1801, followed by another in 1808 of which there are few traces. A more enduring catalog was created in 1815. The 1830s saw publication of a supplement to the 1815 catalog and the creation of a working catalog that would be used into the late 1840s. Normal circulation records end in April 1861 when the library was converted into a military hospital. There are stray entries in May and December before operations resumed on a limited basis in May 1862 and continued at least through that year. Over a thousand volumes were lost during the war. Due to the decline in usage in the 1870s, a new catalog was produced by librarian Emma J. Young in 1872 but never published. After two years with Young's catalog, another was commissioned from Dr. Theo West, which also went unpublished. As a stopgap, handwritten copies were used by patrons. In 1898, a new catalog was created which utilized a decimal system for the first time. The last published catalog was a supplement to the 1912 version. ","In the late 1870s, appeals were made to the men of Alexandria for support,. The directors met with another \"Young Men's Library Association\" in 1878 without success, records of operations stop after January 1880.","The Gazette reported in January 1881 that the books were now in the custody of the school board, whose membership included William F. Carne, a former library company director and the son of one its former presidents. In May 1887 it reported that Carne, as leader of the board's library committee, was inviting associations wishing to participate in re-opening the library to a meeting at the Peabody school building where the books were held, and explained that he had always intended a reading room to be opened to the public once space was freed up for that purpose.","In June 1887, the Gazette reported that the \"Reading Circle of Washington and Lee Schools\" organized by teachers two years prior and the YMCA would operate the free library during the summer, in the hope that in September \"an effort will be made, with a very fair prospect of success, to re-organize the Library Company.\" Gazette reports in 1890 and 1891 refer to continued efforts by Carne and others to \"re-open\" the library, and in 1892 being part of a \"committee on the project for a free public library,\" but they did not succeed.","In the decades after 1870s librarianship not only professionalized but underwent a rapid gender shift, and apart from the periods in which there was no librarian for financial reasons, no male librarians seem to have been employed until well into the 20th century. Women's library organizations had become common nationally, and along with the philanthropy of Andrew Carnegie played a major role in the growth of public libraries in America starting in the late 19th century.","In September 1897, the Alexandria Library Association led by Virginia Corse received custody of the books then in possession of the school board. With a modest donation from Carnegie, by 1898 the library was back in business, but as a subscription library, it would not become a free public library for almost 40 years. The new library needed a new librarian, and after one or two initial hires, the association found Alice Green (1865-1956), who would serve from 1902-1937 and in a lesser capacity into the mid-1940s. During this period, space for the library was rented from the United Daughters of the Confederacy (UDC).","The Depression brought financial hardship. As the crisis worsened in early 1931, the association had obtained $1,000 from the city council to form \"a nucleus for the establishment of a public library.\" Discussion of becoming a public library had been common since the 1920s, as the efforts of Carnegie and others had made them the norm nationally. Attempts were made to sell older books and hold fundraisers as subscription fees dried up. There was also a dispute with the UDC over a rent increase in 1933. The library was aided by the wealth of its members, including a $5,000 bequest in 1935 from its long-time treasurer, Margaret L. Smoot.","Members built political support both on the council and among the public in the mid-1930s and in 1937 it was agreed that a building would be constructed on the site of the old cemetery of the Society of Friends and that the city government would cover annual expenses of no more than $5,000 for the association to operate a free library. One member of the board would be appointed by the city. The new governing organization was rebranded the Alexandria Library Society.  Agreements were signed in January, and the library opened at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch's current location, 717 Queen Street.","Another change after 1937 was the gender composition of the leadership. Men served on the board of the new Society and played prominent roles after 1937. After 1948 they typically occupied the presidency of the organization. Most elections were unanimous, often with women casting most of the votes, but it ceased to be a women's organization. ","In 1945 a technicality in the Society's contract with the city was brought to the attention of the board. Namely that the $5,000 the city was obligated to provide each year was not the minimum but rather the maximum contribution, and that the higher appropriations it had been making were illegal. The city took this as an opportunity to demand a contract change beyond the funding formula. Although the men of the city council had representation on the board, the women of the Society were still ultimately running the library, and the Society was asked to allow a majority of the executive board to be appointed by the city, and a minority by the Society. That the city legally \"owned the building and all its contents\" so long as it paid $5,000 per year was also pointed out. The Alexandria Library Society signed the new contract, surrendering control of the library in November 1947. In its reduced role, the Society still elected members to the board and received reports from the librarian. It also retained independent funds that could be used for the benefit of the library. With the library now fully the city's responsibility, the membership was also able to more openly advocate for additional funding.","Another longstanding issue at the library was race. The president's 1928 annual report had endorsed becoming a \"free city library,\" but feared that becoming a Carnegie library \"would bring in some elements hitherto unknown and I think undesirable in our Library.\" In the 1930s the library association favored providing segregated facilities, but, after repeated meetings with the city council, failed to achieve even that modest goal. In the 13 March, 1939, minutes, the issue was revisited yet again, but without result. ","Four days later on 17 March 1939, Sergeant George Wilson was turned down for a library card because of his race and Samuel Tucker filed a civil rights lawsuit against the librarian on his behalf. Plans for a segregated facility were dusted off, and new staff was hired so that the librarian could focus on the controversy. On 21 August 1939, several black men organized by Tucker entered the library and followed Wilson's example, but after being refused, seated themselves in the library with books, beginning America's first library sit-in. It ended only after the city manager called the police, and all were arrested. The lawsuit was dismissed on technical grounds, but to prevent a new lawsuit the city approved the Robert H. Robinson branch, which opened in 1940. Tucker refused to accept a card there. ","A major issue in the early 1950s was the push to expand the overcrowded main library serving the white community. The white librarian at the time, who had been hired in a junior capacity during Tucker's campaign in 1939, suggested to the Society that the expansion could be an opportunity to integrate. In the midst of the debates over expansion and additional funding, an opportunity emerged to purchase a neighboring building on the corner of North Columbus and Queen, which was later demolished. This prompted a discussion about the Alexandria Library Society's connection to the original library company. It was decided to change the name from the \"Alexandria Library Society\" to the \"Alexandria Library Company,\" make the appropriate filings with the state government, and reinstate the 1799 charter, which would be revised by the legislature in the 1980s to help obtain tax-exempt status from the IRS.","This name change was completed at one of the company's most consequential meetings in February 1956. Every member was asked to sign their name in the minute book to signal their assent. A letter from a local civil rights activist questioning the legality of library segregation was also read, but deemed the province of the library board, which referred the matter back to the company whose reply is not preserved.","Member Mangum Weeks thereupon raised the question of the future role of the Library Company, and proposed resuming the tradition of annual lectures dating from the Lyceum period using funds from the newly instituted membership dues. This proposal was adopted, and preparing the annual lectures soon became a major focus of the Company. The Library Company continues to appoint members to the board of the Alexandria Library and hold its annual lecture series. It commissioned a new history of the library by William Seale in 2007, which can be found at the Local History and Special Collections Branch.","Chronological listings for both presidents of the board and librarians up to the modern day.","Presidents of the Library Company and Its Successors February 1794-February 1813 Rev. James Muir February 1813-February 1815 Hugh Smith February 1815-March 1824 John Roberts March 1824-February 1829 Hugh Smith February 1829-February 1835 John Richards February 1835-February 1840 John Roberts February 1840-1852 Elias Harrison 1852-February 1855 J. Louis Kinzer February 1855-September 1858 Francis Miller September 1858- February 1859 Richard L. Carne February 1859-September 1859 Caleb S. Hallowell September 1859-February 1860 William G. Cazenove February 1860-February 1870 Richard L. Carne February 1870-February 1873 K. Kemper February 1873-October 1873 Samuel H. Janney October 1873-February 1874 Sidney C. Neale February 1874-June 1879 Mercer Slaughter September 1897-October 1905 Virginia Corse July 1906-June 1925 Mrs. Samuel. L. Monroe October 1925-April 1930 Loula Smoot April 1930-November 1933 Mrs. Henry B. Soule, [Jessie E. Soule] December 1933-December 1934 Mary Lloyd December 1934-December 1936 Susan Thomson December 1936-November 1937 Mrs. Louis Scott November 1937-November 1944 Mrs. Curtis Backus November 1944-November 1946 Mrs. [Lawrence] Fawcett, [Mary Fawcett] November 1946-November 1947 Howard Worth Smith November 1947-October 1948 [Miss Anne] Lewis Jones October 1948-October 1949 Miss Horne October 1949-October 1950 Mr. Stanley King October 1950-December 1951 Mr. [Joseph] Crockett December 1951-February 1955 Mr. Robert Moncure February 1955-February 1957 Dr. [W. Bruce] Silcox February 1957-February 1959 Stanley King February 1959-February 1962 Mangum Weeks February 1962-February 1963 Richard Bales February 1963-February 1965 Donald King February 1965-February 1967 David Squires February 1967-February 1969 Howard Worth Smith Jr. February 1969-February 1971 William Francis Smith February 1971-February 1972 John T. Ticer February 1972-February 1974 David M. Abshire February 1974-February 1976 Mrs. Merill Beede February 1976-February 1978 Mrs. Douglas Lindsey February 1978-February 1980 Clarke T. Cooper Jr. February 1980-February 1982 William Seale February 1982-February 1983 Denys Peter Myers February 1983-February 1985 William B. Hurd February 1985-February 1986 George J. Stansfield February 1986-February 1987 Dr. Ernest A. Connally February 1987-February 1989 Dr. Wilton C. Corkern, Jr. February 1989-March 1991 James M. Lewis March 1991-March 1992 Mrs. Anne Smith Paul March 1992-March 1993 Richard R. G. Hobson March 1993-March 1995 Dabney Waring March 1995-March 1997 James R. Hobson March 1997-March 1998 Robert C. Reed March 1998-March 2000 Neil Horstman March 2000-March 2002 Carroll Johnson March 2002-March 2003 Thomas C. Brown Jr.","Librarians of Alexandria February 1794-February 1796 Edward Stabler February 1796-February 1818 James Kennedy February 1818-August 1826 William Cranch August 1826-October 1829 W. Samuel Mark October 1829-March 1845 George Drinker March 1845-September 1845 James M. Eaches September 1845-September 1852 C.F. Stuart September 1852-April 1853 H. W. P. Junius September 1852-April 1853 L.? Hunter November 1853 Office Abolished February 1854-October 1855 E. M.[Magruder?] Lowe October 1855-September 1858 Norval E. Foard September 1858-February 1859 S. Scott February 1859-September 1859 Edward R. Roxbury September 1859-February 1860 James A. Clarridge February 1860-April 1861 Charles R. Burgess (acting) April 1861-Unknown Edwin N. Wise March 1868 Wr. Bushby April 1870-May 1871 August Henning July 1871-March 1872 W. F. Stansbury March 1872-August 1873 Emma J. Young October 1873-March 1876 Emily English March 1876 Position Eliminated June 1879 R. Pendleton Bruin (unofficial? acting?) October 1900-October 1903 F. Olive Lyons October 1903-April 1937 (continued part-time, mentioned up to 1946) Alice Green April 1937-December 1938 Miss Beatrice Workman January 1939-January 1941 Katherine Scoggin (later Martyn) February 1941-June 1948 Bessie Watson July 1948-June 1969 (hired part-time October 1939, letter of resignation later that month) Ellen C. Burke July 1969-October 1992 (librarian from 1958) Jeanne G. Plitt","The initial combination of financial and subscription records likely reflected the company's initial dependence on subscription fees, in contrast to the later subscription library in the city that relied more on donors. This recordkeeping system appears to have been a casualty of the merger with the Lyceum, which became official in early 1840.","\nAs the physical volume in use at that time was still mostly blank, it was repeatedly repurposed, first for additional circulation records (until these too lapsed) and later for a \"list of Stockholders and the amount due from each for the year commencing the 13th February 1854,\" which likely relates to the revitalization of the company after its agreement with the Young Men's group. The agreement required the men to find 100 subscribers, and the list was likely prepared for the annual meeting originally scheduled for 20 February (a week after the date on the list), at which it was decided to void the shares of individuals who had not paid.","The 1980 lecture of Dr. William Dudley on \"Captain Gordon and the Raid on Alexandria 1814\" was recorded but was left off the lists of annual lectures printed in later years. It marks the point at which the sequential numbering of annual lectures was stopped. The reason for this is unknown.","No catalog was published under the first librarian, but four were published during the 1796-1818 tenure of his successor.","\nOn 29 December 1796 he was directed to prepare a catalog of books \"classed according to their size and arranged in the order of the alphabet, with the number and cost or value of each,\" although a March 1797 entry suggests that it was still not complete four months later. No copy of this catalog has survived, but there would have been between 200 and 400 titles at that time.","\nThe growth of the collection was driven in part by the acceptance of books in place of subscription fees and the purchase of private libraries. In May 1800 a committee was formed to examine its acquisitions for books that were \"useless, superfluous or of immoral tendency,\" which decided in September to postpone acting on them until it was time to print a new catalog. That time came on 2 November 1801 when a committee was appointed to assist the librarian in creating a new catalog.","\nOn 1 February 1808 the board decided to print a new catalog at 50 cents a copy because \"many members were without any.\" On 2 May this catalog was reported to be largely complete. Another meeting was planned shortly thereafter so that it could be printed \"without delay.\" That meeting is undocumented, if indeed it took place. No copy of this catalog or any direct record of its publication is currently known. But it must have existed since it was referenced in a later circulation book and the librarian received a bonus for his work on it in March 1809.","\nOn 2 May 1814, it was decided to create another new catalog. It would eventually have 1,027 numbers, which circulation records show the library had reached by July 1814. On 14 November 1814, the librarian reported the catalog \"ready for the press.\" He was instructed to obtain 150 copies \"with all convenient dispatch,\" a number raised to 200 the following month. In February 1815, he reported the catalog \"about half-finished\" and presented a copy to the board, which set a price of 50 cents. In March he received compensation for \"his additional trouble in preparing the new catalogue for the press,\" suggesting that the printing had been completed.","\nThe 1815 catalog was later extended by a published supplement that added additional numbers. Unlike other printed works, there is no mention of when the supplement was produced in the minutes. It is, however, clear from circulation records that all its books had circulated by 14 August 1830. According to the minutes, a meeting had been called for 10 May 1830 only to be quickly adjourned \"there appearing no business requiring the attention of the board,\" and quarterly meetings on 2 August and 2 November were adjourned, lacking a quorum. The librarian at the time had replaced his predecessor in October 1829 and been confirmed in the position the following March. It seems plausible that he pushed to update the catalog after becoming librarian but that the question was either not deemed important or could not be addressed due to the lack of quorum but that it was printed in 1830 anyway.","\nAt the same time, a working catalog was created for use in the library itself. It is the earliest preserved catalog of this type but was probably not the first. It contains a relisting of the contents of the 1815 catalog and supplement sorted by the first letter of the alphabet with pamphlets listed separately as well as books added between April 1833 and the suspension of library operations after 1848 listed by subject. Although its initial form was compiled some time earlier, it does not appear to have come into use until sometime after 1834 where there is a gap in the circulation records. The first 1,725 entries may have been added at the time of the 1815 supplement with the shift to a new method of arrangement occurring later. ","\nOn 8 March 1856 a committee of the revived library company was assigned to rearrange and renumber the books for publication. On 29 November 1856, the board voted for 300 copies of the finished catalog to be produced.","\nOn 18 June 1858 board president Andrew Jamison resigned. On 4 September Richard L. Carne, the chairmen of the committee on the catalog and president pro-tem submitted \"his amendment to the catalog\" and appointed Sylvester Scott as librarian to constitute a \"committee of revisal.\" A new working catalog is preserved from this period continuing into the Civil War, although it does not appear to have been published.","\nFrom the reestablishment of the library in the late 1860s to its failure at the close of the 1870s the lack of a published catalog to advertise the available books was identified as a major issue. The last version of the catalog prior to the Civil War had contained over 5,000 books, of which it was estimated in 1871 that 1,000-1,500 had been lost.","\nCirculations records from the early 1870s feature book numbers around 1,000 that do not correspond to any known listing, and numbers were abandoned entirely from May 1871 to January 1872. It was decided on 2 October 1872 to create a new catalog, and the task was assigned to the new librarian, Emma Young. The fact that the numbers of the circulating books changed to include some with numbers over 5,000 after 4 December 1872 indicates that this work was completed, but it was never published and there is no surviving catalog from that period.","\nThe limited use of the catalog is evident from the prevalence of high numbered works among those in circulation. The highest numbers indicated recent acquisitions, which often received announcements in the Alexandria Gazette.","\nAt the 20 February 1874 meeting, it was noted that \"the last catalogue was published some years previous to the war and had become, by reasons of subsequent losses and additions, very incomplete\" and the board decided to appoint Dr. Theo West \"to catalogue and arrange the books.\" They planned to print the catalog in time for the 1875 annual meeting, but printing was postponed indefinitely. ","\nThe new catalog went into effect on 10 July 1874 as seen in the shift in circulation records from a system with numbers up to around 5,800 to a new catalog going to 4,314, but again they were unable to publish it.  Seven months later at the 19 February 1875 meeting, it was decided to arrange a printing \"as soon as possible,\" but this did not occur either.","\nOn 10 March 1876 the board decided upon a different plan. The catalog was to be divided among the directors so that copies might be made \"for the librarian's desk.\" The published account of the 21 February 1877 annual meeting noted that \"many persons have given as a reason for not becoming subscribers the inaccessibility of the old library which was not catalogued. This plea no longer holds.\" Doctor West's catalog \"copied by members of the Board without expense, bound in good style, can now always be found on the Librarian's desk.\" Operations ceased and the books went into storage a few years later.","\nAt the 8 January 1898 meeting of the newly formed Alexandria Library Association, it was moved that the \"the catalogue be printed at once\" with the addition of blank pages between the leaves for advertisements from city merchants.","\nThis catalog was the first to use a version of the Dewey Decimal System, which had become popular since its first publication in 1888, reaching its 5th edition in 1894. This was the first modern classification system in the history of the Alexandria Library.","\nSubsequent to the publication of the 1898 catalog in January of that year, there are several mentions of publishing \"supplements\" such as on 11 April 1899 and 11 July 1899 which may refer to the practice of publishing notices with the titles of new additions in the Alexandria Gazette, such as those of 6 July and 13 July 1899.","\nOn 1 January 1902 there was a push for a \"supplementary catalogue (being a catalogue of books up to date) be printed\" and the president appointed a committee for that purpose. It was postponed pending the catalog's completion. On 9 October 1906 the board voted to accept an offer from a Mr. White to print 1000 copies in return for advertising space. According to the 8 January 1907 minutes, the library was given half the copies of the 1906 catalog for free, of which it sold 200 and gave 300 away.","\nThe 12 April 1910 minutes mention a decision to \"again postpone the publication a supplementary catalogue.\" On 23 January 1912 it was again put off until the 9 April meeting, where it was decided for a new catalog to be printed and priced at five cents a copy and \"to have the names of the old magazines put into the new catalogue but not into the card catalogue.\" On 12 June 1912 it was reported that \"the catalogue was in the hands of the printer and that Mrs. Monroe was reading the proof\" and the \"new catalog\" was deemed \"ready for distribution\" on 8 October 1912.","\nThe annual report at that same meeting noted that \"the year has also seen the completion of the labelling, classifying, and cataloguing of all the old and valuable magazines which the Board has for so long a time desired to put into shape for distribution,\" which a review of the supplement suggests meant works in good condition available for circulation.","\nOn 11 April 1933 Mrs. Newell \"volunteered to catalogue old magazines in order that their value may be ascertained.\"  On 9 May 1933 she presented a \"typewritten list\" of \"old magazines\" for appraisal as part of their depression era fundraising efforts. On 10 October she reported them to be of \"no value\" and suggested having them sent to the Salvation Army for use as old paper. On 8 January 1934 the board approved this proposal for those magazines of \"no value,\" which do not appear to have included many titles listed in this catalog.","\nNo explicit reason for the abandonment of published catalogs after 1912 was given, but the allusion to card catalogs suggests that it was a final step in the transition from numerical catalogs, which favored bound volumes by allowing new titles to be added to the end of the sequence, to the Dewey Decimal System, which required new titles to be inserted in the correct place in the existing list and was more easily managed with cards which did not require leaving space for new titles as the 1876 catalog had.","The circulation records began with the original library company in 1794 and continued until its collapse in 1880. Some of the gaps in the records reflect periods during which its activity was disrupted.","\nDuring the War of 1812, British forces arrived in Alexandria on 29 August 1814 and remained there until 2 September. The library normally closed on Sundays, and remained closed from Sunday 28 August through Tuesday 30 August. It opened from 31 August to 2 September, during which time only four books circulated.","\nThe library was also affected by the Civil War. Hostilities between the Union and Confederacy began at Fort Sumter on 12 April 1861. A vote on Virginia secession was held on 17 April and ratified by a referendum on 23 May. Alexandria was occupied by Union forces the following day. Confederate forces had briefly made use of the Lyceum building housing the library, but it later served as a hospital for the Union. Some books were moved out but others were not.","\nIt is unclear were the library operated from in 1861 and 1862, but it did operate. There was a significant reduction in circulation leading up to the war, dropping to a single entry for 22 April 1861. Solitary patrons were recorded for 18th and 30th of May, and an individual withdrew a book every day through 21-25 December, although the May and December entries are in a different hand and initially broke with the format. In early June 1862 however, the library resumed semi-regular hours, usually opening only Tuesday and Thursday but occasionally other days. Records continue into mid-October, after which two pages are missing from the book before it resumes in 1868. Returns are dated as late as December 1862, and it is unclear when the library ceased operations.","\nAttempts to preserve the library in the late 1870s were unsuccessful, and the number of pages per year charts its decline and eventual failure over the second half of the decade."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVolume ended up with the Leadbeater family in the 1860s but was donated back in 1922. Was moved at one point in Collection 98 (Library Records after 1937) but was moved back to the Library Company Records in 2018.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFilmed 5/1/1969\n\"Alexandria Library Minute Books - 6 Vols\"\nUniversity of Virginia Library Photographic Service\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFilmed 5/1/1969\n\"Alexandria Library Minute Books - 6 Vols\"\nUniversity of Virginia Library Photographic Service\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFilmed 5/1/1969 \n\"Alexandria Library Minute Books - 6 Vols\"\nUniversity of Virginia Library Photographic Service\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFilmed 5/1/1969\n\"Alexandria Library Minute Books - 6 Vols\"\nUniversity of Virginia Library Photographic Service\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFilmed 5/1/1969\n\"Alexandria Library Minute Books - 6 Vols\"\nUniversity of Virginia Library Photographic Service\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFilmed 5/1/1969\n\"Alexandria Library Minute Books - 6 Vols\"\nUniversity of Virginia Library Photographic Service\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA microfilm reproduction of a copy from the Library of Congress with an 1876 stamp donated as a gift of Mr. Allen Reese 3/1/49.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Filming","Filming","Filming","Filming","Filming","Filming","Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Volume ended up with the Leadbeater family in the 1860s but was donated back in 1922. Was moved at one point in Collection 98 (Library Records after 1937) but was moved back to the Library Company Records in 2018.","Filmed 5/1/1969\n\"Alexandria Library Minute Books - 6 Vols\"\nUniversity of Virginia Library Photographic Service","Filmed 5/1/1969\n\"Alexandria Library Minute Books - 6 Vols\"\nUniversity of Virginia Library Photographic Service","Filmed 5/1/1969 \n\"Alexandria Library Minute Books - 6 Vols\"\nUniversity of Virginia Library Photographic Service","Filmed 5/1/1969\n\"Alexandria Library Minute Books - 6 Vols\"\nUniversity of Virginia Library Photographic Service","Filmed 5/1/1969\n\"Alexandria Library Minute Books - 6 Vols\"\nUniversity of Virginia Library Photographic Service","Filmed 5/1/1969\n\"Alexandria Library Minute Books - 6 Vols\"\nUniversity of Virginia Library Photographic Service","A microfilm reproduction of a copy from the Library of Congress with an 1876 stamp donated as a gift of Mr. Allen Reese 3/1/49."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe binding is almost completely broken and many leaves are loose.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Preservation Issues"],"odd_tesim":["The binding is almost completely broken and many leaves are loose."],"originalsloc_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMs 2-2\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMs 2-3\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMs 2-3\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMs 2-3\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMs 2-3\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 98-2 Folder 16\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMs 2-9\u003c/p\u003e"],"originalsloc_heading_ssm":["Original","Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals"],"originalsloc_tesim":["Ms 2-2","Ms 2-3","Ms 2-3","Ms 2-3","Ms 2-3","Box 98-2 Folder 16","Ms 2-9"],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|7a4491fe-5b8d-43e9-aa46-69ecce4c0734/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|b7440eb8-cab3-49ef-a806-544c69df6052/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|45250c6e-0ae5-4c4b-8138-4c4c511858e8/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|4e39853c-b5a8-4675-a06f-7953899ae59a/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|fdb1b89e-1b2d-4dfd-9fa2-465e616067bf/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|2dfd54ff-e8ce-43ba-9000-ab683da7a8ef/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|2c80870f-ddfb-4167-8253-d65296d7cd86/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|ad158688-2c04-4ab7-afd1-df8e3379bae0/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|abf75092-01fd-4353-bede-44d7b5bbeb8f/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|6be8ecf3-e13c-4657-a7cb-262a9f1f4a59/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|6906239b-1b0f-4b89-aec4-9aa352a5df59/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|a7738ce6-d450-47bd-a4d5-1e83cbcbf467/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|497faa8c-6bf1-4057-8680-39ce21028a8d/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|43e96f9a-0de2-4fcf-bda7-fc6c6012999b/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|246a553a-bb3d-4758-b2ef-968fc9d23b9a/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|78a8358d-f035-4220-bd72-8bc1978f19f0/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|e9186ddb-de0f-43a7-8acf-363c6be1cf83/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|5a7fe0d4-0da7-4532-a9c3-9213ecd39bb3/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|995b0274-3101-4553-aaee-70bcc822225b/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|5e1c25f0-b2eb-4bbd-a254-8552d26c1615/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|453efb51-92e1-4f4c-b18d-fa7a15c12d01/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|794d5ea7-a3b9-4a44-89cb-a9affbfdcb68/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection","Click to view digital materials in this collection"],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMany of the books have damaged bindings or missing covers. The 1801-1805 volume has both problems, while the 1809-1811 is missing a page and the front cover. The 1814-1816 is also missing pages, as is the 1858-1868 volume for the crucial period of 1862-1863.\u003c/p\u003e"],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Preservation Issues"],"phystech_tesim":["Many of the books have damaged bindings or missing covers. The 1801-1805 volume has both problems, while the 1809-1811 is missing a page and the front cover. The 1814-1816 is also missing pages, as is the 1858-1868 volume for the crucial period of 1862-1863."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Item], Alexandria Library Company Records, MS002, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Item], Alexandria Library Company Records, MS002, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA reprocessing project begun in 2018 incorporated several boxes of previously unprocessed materials dating from the 1960s to the 2000s, with the bulk dating from after 1980. They included many short, overlapping sequences of correspondence, lecture, meeting, and member records which were merged into continuations of established series including primarily correspondence and lectures but also meetings and member correspondence. The \"subject files\" were added to the existing miscellaneous series. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nSeveral other changes were also made. A re-examination of the catalog, subscription, and circulation books was undertaken and most were renumbered, described, and relabeled based on primary source research. The 1794-1861 minute book that had been donated back in 1922 was also discovered misfiled in Ms 98 (which covers the library proper since 1937) and was returned to its original collection. Some letters found in minute books were moved to the correspondence series, and their original locations were bookmarked with acid free paper. Photocopies of catalogs were removed. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords concerning individual lectures, such as programs and invitations, were foldered by individual lecture unless part of a separate series. This permitted the titles of lectures and names of lecturers to be better indexed and gaps in documentation to be made more obvious than would have been the case with separate subseries for programs, transcripts, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere is no mention of when the supplement was produced in the minutes, which is odd for a printed pamphlet. As a result dating was attempted starting from the circulation records, which showed the #1,728 was first checked out on 14 August 1830. According to the minutes, a meeting had been called for 10 May 1830, only to be quickly adjourned \"there appearing no business requiring the attention of the board,\" and quarterly meetings on 2 August and 2 November adjourned for lack of a quorum.  The librarian at the time, George Drinker, had replaced his predecessor in October 1829 and been confirmed in the position in March, so the working hypothesis is that he pushed to update the catalog after becoming librarian but the question was either not deemed important or could not be addressed due to the lack of a quorum and that it was printing anyway sometime in 1830. That date may need to be updated in light of additional evidence in the future (e.g. the Gazette becoming searchable for the 1830s).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe location of the original is unknown despite Library of Congress Classification number noted by a previous processor resembling that of the original 1815 catalog. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe collection originally contained a photocopy which was removed. I had the image of a staple, suggesting it was a copy of a copy. It was not correctly dated. A modern processor had written \"NOT used. The # sequence would conflict with 1815 catalogue complied by Evans\" in reference to the effort to reconstruct the 1815 arrangement made by Marjorie Darnell Evans, possibly the only record that the individual had access to, and added an \"1815\" date in pen. This is all the more perplexing as another hand had also added a \"1\" before the first number to highlight the fact that the numbers were higher than the 1815 catalog, a fact that tendency to list only the last two digits otherwise obscured.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis volume was difficult to date, for while an inscription makes clear that the book itself was in possession of the library by the end of March 1830, it does not make clear that it was being applied to its intended purpose. It contains a calendar suggesting 1833-1834, but books go until at least 1841 and perhaps 1844, and publication date can differ greatly from acquisition date. Circulation records also show that while created earlier, it was not yet the primary catalog by 1834, and due to gaps in the records we can only demonstrate that the subject system was in use between 1841 and 1848. Although Drinker's name is everywhere, his long service as librarian prevents this information from being particularly useful. In light of all this, it was given a recordkeeping date of 1830-1848, indicating that the collection was documented and it could have been used by librarians during that period, new books were recorded there covering this period, even though the period of active use may have begun at a later, unknown date.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA previous processor had dated this catalog \"1799?\" but the second page of titles lists an \"Address on the Life and actions of Gen. R. E. Lee delivered on the 12th of Oct. 1871 before the Society of Confederate Soldiers and Sailors in Maryland\" which seemed unlikely to predate the Civil War by so many years, so a later date was sought. Although the initial catalog was completed in 1874, it has been given the date of 1876 when this copy was physically created by the directors.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA copy of the \"S\" section of the 1876 catalog was found in the circulation book for the early 1840s, although it dated from decades later. It was moved to the same folder as the \"R\" section, being from the same period and seemingly in the same hand. They were also given a date along with the 1876 catalog.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA photocopy of the original was removed from the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe catalog was previously dated to the 19th century, but has been dated to May 1933 based on the minutes as described in the historical note. The specific reference to a typescript in connection with the term \"old magazines\" in 1933 is difficult to ignore and the scattered notes on condition fit with the goal of appraising the magazines being pursued at that time. I also found it unlikely that the list was drawn up in 1912 as part of the catalog supplement for that year given the differences in arrangement, like the supplement separating bound and unbound volumes, and the differences in contents, like the absence of the Atheneum from the supplement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA copy of the \"S\" section of the 1876 catalog was found in this circulation book, although it obviously dated from decades later than its period of active use. It was moved to the same folder as the \"R\" section.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information","Processing Information","Processing Information","Processing Information","Processing Information","Processing Information","Processing Information","Processing Information","Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["A reprocessing project begun in 2018 incorporated several boxes of previously unprocessed materials dating from the 1960s to the 2000s, with the bulk dating from after 1980. They included many short, overlapping sequences of correspondence, lecture, meeting, and member records which were merged into continuations of established series including primarily correspondence and lectures but also meetings and member correspondence. The \"subject files\" were added to the existing miscellaneous series. ","\nSeveral other changes were also made. A re-examination of the catalog, subscription, and circulation books was undertaken and most were renumbered, described, and relabeled based on primary source research. The 1794-1861 minute book that had been donated back in 1922 was also discovered misfiled in Ms 98 (which covers the library proper since 1937) and was returned to its original collection. Some letters found in minute books were moved to the correspondence series, and their original locations were bookmarked with acid free paper. Photocopies of catalogs were removed. ","Records concerning individual lectures, such as programs and invitations, were foldered by individual lecture unless part of a separate series. This permitted the titles of lectures and names of lecturers to be better indexed and gaps in documentation to be made more obvious than would have been the case with separate subseries for programs, transcripts, etc.","There is no mention of when the supplement was produced in the minutes, which is odd for a printed pamphlet. As a result dating was attempted starting from the circulation records, which showed the #1,728 was first checked out on 14 August 1830. According to the minutes, a meeting had been called for 10 May 1830, only to be quickly adjourned \"there appearing no business requiring the attention of the board,\" and quarterly meetings on 2 August and 2 November adjourned for lack of a quorum.  The librarian at the time, George Drinker, had replaced his predecessor in October 1829 and been confirmed in the position in March, so the working hypothesis is that he pushed to update the catalog after becoming librarian but the question was either not deemed important or could not be addressed due to the lack of a quorum and that it was printing anyway sometime in 1830. That date may need to be updated in light of additional evidence in the future (e.g. the Gazette becoming searchable for the 1830s).","\nThe location of the original is unknown despite Library of Congress Classification number noted by a previous processor resembling that of the original 1815 catalog. ","\nThe collection originally contained a photocopy which was removed. I had the image of a staple, suggesting it was a copy of a copy. It was not correctly dated. A modern processor had written \"NOT used. The # sequence would conflict with 1815 catalogue complied by Evans\" in reference to the effort to reconstruct the 1815 arrangement made by Marjorie Darnell Evans, possibly the only record that the individual had access to, and added an \"1815\" date in pen. This is all the more perplexing as another hand had also added a \"1\" before the first number to highlight the fact that the numbers were higher than the 1815 catalog, a fact that tendency to list only the last two digits otherwise obscured.","This volume was difficult to date, for while an inscription makes clear that the book itself was in possession of the library by the end of March 1830, it does not make clear that it was being applied to its intended purpose. It contains a calendar suggesting 1833-1834, but books go until at least 1841 and perhaps 1844, and publication date can differ greatly from acquisition date. Circulation records also show that while created earlier, it was not yet the primary catalog by 1834, and due to gaps in the records we can only demonstrate that the subject system was in use between 1841 and 1848. Although Drinker's name is everywhere, his long service as librarian prevents this information from being particularly useful. In light of all this, it was given a recordkeeping date of 1830-1848, indicating that the collection was documented and it could have been used by librarians during that period, new books were recorded there covering this period, even though the period of active use may have begun at a later, unknown date.","A previous processor had dated this catalog \"1799?\" but the second page of titles lists an \"Address on the Life and actions of Gen. R. E. Lee delivered on the 12th of Oct. 1871 before the Society of Confederate Soldiers and Sailors in Maryland\" which seemed unlikely to predate the Civil War by so many years, so a later date was sought. Although the initial catalog was completed in 1874, it has been given the date of 1876 when this copy was physically created by the directors.","A copy of the \"S\" section of the 1876 catalog was found in the circulation book for the early 1840s, although it dated from decades later. It was moved to the same folder as the \"R\" section, being from the same period and seemingly in the same hand. They were also given a date along with the 1876 catalog.","A photocopy of the original was removed from the collection.","The catalog was previously dated to the 19th century, but has been dated to May 1933 based on the minutes as described in the historical note. The specific reference to a typescript in connection with the term \"old magazines\" in 1933 is difficult to ignore and the scattered notes on condition fit with the goal of appraising the magazines being pursued at that time. I also found it unlikely that the list was drawn up in 1912 as part of the catalog supplement for that year given the differences in arrangement, like the supplement separating bound and unbound volumes, and the differences in contents, like the absence of the Atheneum from the supplement.","A copy of the \"S\" section of the 1876 catalog was found in this circulation book, although it obviously dated from decades later than its period of active use. It was moved to the same folder as the \"R\" section."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Alexandria Library Records (Ms 98) document the library as a separate institution from 1937 onward.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nIt particularly complements this collection in its early decades through its administrative correspondence, board correspondence, minutes, annual reports, and organizational records, including contracts with the Alexandria Library Society.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe minutes of the library's executive board (1938-1947) are included in the microfilm version of the library minute books 1794-1947.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTranscripts of library company lectures 2-18 are available in the library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eLecture series : [transcripts of the audiotapes made of the scholars invited to speak at these annual lectures]\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #2\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 2\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #3\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 3\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #4\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 4\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #5\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 5\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #6\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 6\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #7\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 7\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #8\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 8\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #9\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 9\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #10\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 10\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #11\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 11\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #12\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 12\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #13\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 13\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #14\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 14\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #15\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 15\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #16\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 16\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #17\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 17\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #18\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 18\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Alexandria Library Records (Ms 98) document the library as a separate institution from 1937 onward.","\nIt particularly complements this collection in its early decades through its administrative correspondence, board correspondence, minutes, annual reports, and organizational records, including contracts with the Alexandria Library Society.","\nThe minutes of the library's executive board (1938-1947) are included in the microfilm version of the library minute books 1794-1947.","Transcripts of library company lectures 2-18 are available in the library.","Lecture series : [transcripts of the audiotapes made of the scholars invited to speak at these annual lectures] Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #2 080 LEC 2 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #3 080 LEC 3 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #4 080 LEC 4 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #5 080 LEC 5 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #6 080 LEC 6 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #7 080 LEC 7 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #8 080 LEC 8 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #9 080 LEC 9 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #10 080 LEC 10 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #11 080 LEC 11 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #12 080 LEC 12 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #13 080 LEC 13 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #14 080 LEC 14 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #15 080 LEC 15 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #16 080 LEC 16 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #17 080 LEC 17 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #18 080 LEC 18"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of circulation, subscription, and financial ledgers, annual lecture series documents, catalogues, correspondence, and various organizational documents. Topics include: foundation of the\nAlexandria Library Company, its cycles of growth and decline reflecting the local economy; the formation of the local public library system; and the on-going activities of the Alexandria Library Company, most notably its lecture series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe organizational records series contains those records directly concerned with the library company and its predecessors as organizations. It covers charters, by-laws, contracts, the legal definition of the company, and its history. Charters and by-laws between 1794 and 1944 are generally documented in the minutes and or reprinted in catalogs or the Alexandria Gazette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe general correspondence series covers a long period of the history of the Library Company and its successors, with the bulk from the modern Library Company after 1954, when more documentation was being produced and captured in a systematic way.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nFrom the earlier period, one folder covers the old Library Company, including an account of the Civil War and two folders cover the period of the Alexandria Library Association consisting primarily of correspondence with Andrew Carnegie about his financial support. The material from the Alexandria Library Society chiefly consists of copies of minutes. \nFor library related inquiries after 1937 see the extensive public library correspondence in Ms 98.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe post-1954 correspondence includes lecture arrangements, nomination and member correspondence, announcements, and all manner of memoranda and external correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe financial reports series includes monthly financial reports from the Alexandria Library Association prior the establishment of the public library and annual reports of the Library Company after 1953 along with a limited amount of additional correspondence on related issues.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThere is also a file of annual reports which the Library Company was required to make to the state as a corporation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nFor records relating to the Alexandria Library Company's efforts to become tax-exempt in the 1980s, see the Organizational Records series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe meetings series consists chiefly of bound and unbound minutes from the Alexandria Library Company and its successors.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe bound minutes cover the early Library Company from 1794 to its last meeting in 1879, the Alexandria Library Association and Library Society from 1897 through its loss of control of the library in the late 1947, and the Society and modern Library Company from 1948 to 1993.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAfter 1937, there are two minute books, one for the \"executive board,\" which ran the library, and the other for the Library Society and later Library Company which appointed some of its members. The 1938-1947 executive board minutes are included in the microfilm copy of the older bound volumes, but the original is located in Ms 98.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nBylaws, agreements, financial, and membership information often appear in the records, as do records of elections. In some periods, annual reports are pasted into the minute books, which like a lot of library business, was printed in the Gazette.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe unbound meeting records cover the modern period of the Library Company and contain minutes, announcements of meetings, and notes, although for the earlier periods the minutes are merely photocopies of the bound volumes as indicated by page numbers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe members series contains records relating to the selection, participation, and retention of members of the Library Company, with a focus on the modern period from the 1950s onward. It includes records of the nominating committee, correspondence with and about current or prospective members, and lists of members and guests attending the annual lectures. One of these lists is also available on a 3½ inch disk.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subscription series consists of bound volumes of records documenting the subscribers of the company while doubling as ledgers for many of the financial transactions of the pre-Lyceum period (1794-1839), with gaps between volumes. Apart from the minutes, the volumes contain the only information on the subscribers of the late 1790s, for which there is a gap in the circulation records.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThere are also additional financial records from 1826-1839 and a list of subscribers, paid and not, from 1854. These appear in the same volume (see historical note), along with the circulation records for 1846-1848 in between.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe stubs of printed subscription certificates from 1874-1879 are also included in this series. Each contains an identifying number, the name of a subscriber, and a dollar amount, accompanied in some cases by dates or other notations. A few of the completed patron slips are also in this volume, including dates and the signature of the treasurer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains information on the annual lecture series, with the bulk covering the period after its revival in 1957. The files for the early years include much of the correspondence arranging for the lectures and information on the lecturers as well as in some cases printed copies of the prepared text. For later years the files consist largely of lecture announcements, programs, and attendance lists. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAudio or video recordings were made of most lectures, but are not currently available. Correspondence relating to the recordings can be found in the relevant subseries. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nCorrespondence is also available regarding the production of the printed programs and the selection of speakers during the 1970s along with an undated seat plan. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nInformation on attendance and the financial aspects of the lectures can be found in other series. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nPrint transcriptions for certain lectures are available in the reading room.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection's miscellany includes annual reports of the library, a survey of the old library company books, seals, stationary, and printed matter including poems, fundraising pamphlets, and literature about the library from the League of Women Voters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe news clippings series consists chiefly of articles about the annual lectures or which report on the annual meetings and the election of officers and members.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe catalogs provide listings of books showing what was available at the library during different time periods and identifying books for some parts of the circulation records. Catalogs also frequently included information on other topics, including the rules of the library, founding documents, library histories, and the value of the books. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nTitles were often abbreviated, especially in the working catalogs, and dates of publication were often lacking. This can make identifying a work from the catalog difficult even when copies of it are extant elsewhere. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nCatalogs can be used reliably for most of the numerical listings in the circulation records for roughly 1801-1807, 1815-1848, 1856-1862, and 1874-1879. The 1815 catalog was not only bigger than the 1801, but had been renumbered. Because of this practice, the 1801 catalog cannot be relied upon for records prior to its implementation nor after the point in 1807-1808 when its successor went into effect. Since there is no way to know if the 1815 catalog was an extension of the 1808, it likewise cannot be trusted prior to implementation. The 1815 and its supplement were used for a longer period and the 1830-1848 used it as a base, although it altered its system of arrangement leaving around 30 or so numbers undefined for part of the 1830s. The 1856 printed and 1858-1860 working catalogs cover much of the same material and are usable for records into the Civil War. The 1856 is available online in a searchable format and organized to be browsed, while the working catalog is arranged by number. The 1876 copy of the catalog implemented in July 1874 is missing the letters O-P, but is otherwise usable for the last few years of circulation records. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSee specific catalog notes for details. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 1801 catalog corresponds to the title numbers 1-452 in the circulations records from around 1802-1808 and offers the number of volumes and value for each. It is hard to be precise since the dates on which it came into and fell out of use at the library are unknown. The fact that books were removed as well as added at the time of its adoption and its organization suggest that it may not be reliable for the 1794-1796 circulation records, and possibly not even for books circulating earlier in 1801 which were likely identified by an earlier catalog. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nIn addition to a listing of books, the catalog includes the revised act of incorporation dated September 1799, the laws of the company passed on 2 November 1801 and an alphabetical membership list. \nAt the back is a list of book donations from largest to smallest, including the name of the donor, the total number of volumes donated, and a list of title numbers, along with an index to the catalog and some errata. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nIt was printed by Cottom and Stewart in Alexandria and sold for fifty cents a copy. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis catalog of 1,027 titles includes the title number, number of volumes, and price, as well as a note to indicate whether something was a donation. It is a reliable reference for the decades that followed, but should be used with caution for earlier periods. Comparison with the 1801 catalog shows that titles were inserted with very low numbers, and it is unclear how the 1808 catalog was organized. Given the way the catalog was divided, there is no clear method by which accretions could have been added to the working catalog other than accession order, whereas the 1815 catalog required them to be categorized. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nIt is therefore logical to assume that numbers added in between catalog issuances were later changed, and that the 1815 catalog is probably not valid for the preceding period. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe full title of the catalog included the phrase \"to which are prefixed, the Act of Incorporation; the Laws of the Company, and the Names of the Members,\" but our copy contains only pages 11-46 and does not contain front matter. It is unclear whether the first ten pages were removed, or John A. Stewart's edition was simply printed without them. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis printed catalog supplement extends the 1815 catalog from #1,027 to #1,728 updating it to August 1830. It was likely published around that time by William Greer, printer, and matches the titles. It matches the numbers of a listing of books dated 1828 in one of the circulation books suggesting that no rearrangement of newer books occurred prior to publication. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe supplement has most of the same information as the 1815, offering the number, title, volume, and value of each title, but lacks its classification system by size and subject. Despite a short cross-listing of periodical works, it has neither the subject classification nor even alphabetization to make it a ready reference. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis catalog contains a relisting of the contents of the 1815 catalog and supplement sorted by the first letter of the alphabet with pamphlets listed separately as well as books added between April 1833 and the suspension of library operations after 1848 listed by subject. Although its initial form was compiled by George Drinker some time earlier, it does not appear to gone into effect until sometime after 1834 where there is a gap in circulation records. Because the numbering up to 1,725 remained the same, earlier print catalogs can also be employed for those number for the period from 1815-1848 even though this catalog alone can be used for the numbers 1,726-1,793 during that period.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAdditions beyond 1,793 are only usable for the period 1841-1848, because they were relisted here under a combined subject/numbering system after being originally cataloged differently up to around 1,825. The later rearrangement left no record of how those 30 or so numbers should be understood during the period before 1834.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThese later additions occupy the latter sections which include materials published from the late-1830s and early 1840s. Other indications of the ongoing nature of the listings include the blank entry for #351 at the end of Novels and Romances and the blank page with the heading \"Biography\" following the rest of that section.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe third, and final section, is the \"List of Books from the Reading Room.\" These are dated 1840-1841, and consist almost entirely of new additions to the periodicals with a few exceptions, chiefly among the first few entries. This suggests that the page may not have been used for its original purpose.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe title/subject organization of the latter part of the catalog is helpful in understanding acquisition priorities during the late-1830s and the Lyceum period of the 1840s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe inside cover contains a calendar for 1833 going through February 1834, with the Thursdays closest to the middle of each month marked (none are the dates of official meetings). There is also a 29 March 1830 inscription by Drinker, Treasurer, authorizing James Dunlap in financial matters while he is librarian, which may predate the decision to use the book as a catalog. Drinker may have done the first 1,725 entries at that time in preparation for the publication of the 1815 supplement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs noted in its introduction, the 300 copies of the 1856 catalog were created not as \"a model catalog but such a one as would be practically useful to the readers of the library.\" It serves as a guide to the collection as contemporary subscribers would have known it, covering the first 4,473 volume numbers for this period. For looking up numbers from the circulation records, it is easier to use the searchable catalog of surviving books or the online version. For later acquisitions, one may use the manuscript catalog that was in use internally from 1858-1860 which is arranged by number.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nIn addition to the aforementioned note on the catalog's creation, the catalog also includes a historical note on the early history of the library and a copy of the 1799 act of incorporation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis catalog was implemented sometime in the fall of 1858 as an \"amendment\" to the catalog of 1856 and was likely expanded on an ongoing basis up to the Civil War. Since the 1856 catalog was presumably still in use by subscribers, the two contain largely the same information apart from three key differences. Firstly, the 1858 added accretions to the book collection, extending the book numbers from 4,473 to 5,063. The second difference is that it lists the books by number, to assist the librarians in managing the books, rather than by author and title, which in the 1856 catalog assisted subscribers in finding them. Lastly, it should be noted that titles in both catalogs are abbreviated in different ways.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nDespite the overlap and differences of organization, a person looking up a number in the circulation records between February 1857 and 17 September 1859 may still find it easier to consult a searchable online version of the catalog and reserve use of the 1858 for its last 600 numbers. Starting on 27 September 1859, titles began to appear in the circulation records alongside the numbers, making either catalog usable for numbers below 4,474, although due to unpredictable title abbreviations numerical catalogs remained more reliable.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe catalog was signed by a number of librarians of the company inside the front and back covers, sometimes more than once. This includes a listing made in 1871 which is notable for the presence of names not associated with the title \"librarian\" by the minutes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe initial form of this catalog was compiled by Doctor Theo West and put into use on 10 July 1874, although there may have been additions by the time it was copied by the directors of the library company into its current form. It was intended for publication, but was later advertised as merely being available at the librarian's desk. It was therefore organized with the aim of finding books by title, like a printed catalog, rather than by number like the manuscript catalogs from before the Civil War. It remained in use until the company shut down after 1880.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe book contains a detailed history of the library company including the text of the 1799 act of incorporation written by \"John Stewart, Keeper of the Rolls.\" It is also the only extant catalog with a book plate, albeit one with the shelf location and classification numbers left blank.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe listing of books is missing the letters O and P at a point where the binding is broken, either because they were removed from this edition or never added in. Title information includes the title and number of each book as well as a \"case\" number (presumably for shelving) and occasional volume and date information. Space is left in many places for additional titles to be added, although in some cases this was handled by inserted slips of paper. For details on the organization of the title list see the arrangement note.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis listing of \"R\" titles is largely the same as that copied by the directors for the 1876 catalog, but appears to be in a different hand (most noticeably the number 8). The listing for \"S\" appears to be the same hand as \"R.\" Also included are two pieces of paper with additional titles, and notes in blue asking that additional space be left for new titles to be added. That feature of the main 1876 catalog is absent here and may be the reason it was not included in a complete volume.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 1898 catalog provides the earliest record of the library's collection after its reestablishment by the Alexandria Library Association, including numbers of volumes and publications dates for each title. The subject classification allows a simple method of gauging the balance of the collection between different areas, particularly in comparison with the publications of 1906 and 1912. Handwritten notes seem to indicate additions and shelf locations, although the date and provenance of those notes is unclear.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA complete update to the 1898 catalog, the 1906 retained the same basic classification system apart from the addition of 3 new sub-classes. It also includes a chart of subscription prices for the library at the front giving lengths of time and numbers of books and a large number of advertisements from local businesses.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nFor the new subclasses see arrangement note.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 1912 supplement to the catalog includes additions to the library collection since 1906 as well as a listing of old magazines, which were not mentioned in the 1906 catalog. Most classification numbers were therefore unneeded. The bulk of the entries appear to be fiction and old magazines.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis typescript contains a listing of \"old magazines\" by title and volume that were in the collection in 1933. It also includes some notes on their condition, such as whether they were bound and missing covers, pages, and volumes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe circulation records consist of bound volumes containing lists of books checked out. They typically list the name of the subscriber, the date, and some method of identifying the work along with various other details. For much of its history, the old library company identified books only by number, although titles and combinations of numbers and titles began appearing around 1845, with titles becoming commonplace after 1858.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe catalogs can be used reliably for only some of the numerical listings due to additions following the publication of rapidly outdated catalogs and changes in numbering that preceded new ones. They are relevant to some of the numbers for 1801-1807, 1815-1848, 1856-1862, and 1874-1879 (see catalog series notes and below). Because of possible renumbering, the 1801 catalog cannot be relied upon for records prior to its implementation nor after the point in 1807-1808 when its successor went into effect. Since there is no way to know if the 1815 catalog was an extension of the 1808 or if it was the first to change the numbering from the 1801, it likewise cannot be trusted prior to its implementation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe 1815 and its supplement were used for a longer period and the 1834-1848 catalog used it as a base, despite altering its system of arrangement for later materials and leaving about 30 numbers unclear due to renumbering. The 1856 printed and 1858-1860 working catalogs cover much of the same material and are usable into the Civil War. Notably, the 1856 is available online in a searchable format. It was arranged to be browsed, while the working catalog is arranged by number only. The 1876 copy of the catalog implemented in July 1874 is missing the letters O-P, but is otherwise usable for the last few years of circulation records.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nEven when numbers cannot be identified, useful information can be inferred from changes in the numbering system and preferences for numbers from particular periods, such as for new acquisitions. One can also use the records to quantify the level of patronage as a whole in various periods. There are no circulation records at the book level from the Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937) and later, although summary reports of circulation became common during the modern period and were often noted in minutes and annual reports.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThere are significant gaps in the circulation records, which nominally cover the period from November 1794 to January 1880. These come in several different types. Some of them appear to indicate missing volumes, including July 1795-June 1801, May 1811-February 1814, January 1835-Feburary 1841, September 1848-October 1858, and 1868-1870, but there are also gaps of a few months between volumes in 1805, 1824, 1846, 1871, and 1874. Additionally, there is a month of pages missing from the middle of 1831, and two pages are missing after October 1862, even though returns were noted as late December, before resuming in April 1868 (on the Civil War see the historical note for this series).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nTitle numbers began at around 200, gradually rising to over 5,000 before the Civil War. After the war, numbers ran below 1,000 for the most part, before changing to numbers over 5,000 again on 4 December 1873 (p.279) and then dropping to lower numbers on 10 July 1874 (p.69), with some titles in the 5000s being renumbered to the 3000s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nMany of volumes contain lists of books in their front or back matter, usually including both titles and numbers. This is one of the only sources for matching that information for some periods of the library's history and includes the only reference to the 1808 catalog outside the minutes. They include lists of missing books (the 1822-1824 volume), books sent to be bound (1824-1828 and 1828-1831) and of the Waverly Novels (1822-1824).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nChanges in the hand recording the information signal personnel changes, and many of the volumes were inscribed with the names of librarians or members of the company, occasionally accompanied by other kinds of scribbling as in 1814-1816, 1831-1834, and especially 1858-1868. There is also some doodling, which appears inside the covers in a modest way in the 1814-1816 volume and far more extensively in the 1841-1848 and 1858-1868 ones. The 1841-1848 also contains doodles among the actual circulation records.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nFor the columns and specific information that varied over time see the arrangement note for this series.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of circulation, subscription, and financial ledgers, annual lecture series documents, catalogues, correspondence, and various organizational documents. Topics include: foundation of the\nAlexandria Library Company, its cycles of growth and decline reflecting the local economy; the formation of the local public library system; and the on-going activities of the Alexandria Library Company, most notably its lecture series.","The organizational records series contains those records directly concerned with the library company and its predecessors as organizations. It covers charters, by-laws, contracts, the legal definition of the company, and its history. Charters and by-laws between 1794 and 1944 are generally documented in the minutes and or reprinted in catalogs or the Alexandria Gazette.","The general correspondence series covers a long period of the history of the Library Company and its successors, with the bulk from the modern Library Company after 1954, when more documentation was being produced and captured in a systematic way.","\nFrom the earlier period, one folder covers the old Library Company, including an account of the Civil War and two folders cover the period of the Alexandria Library Association consisting primarily of correspondence with Andrew Carnegie about his financial support. The material from the Alexandria Library Society chiefly consists of copies of minutes. \nFor library related inquiries after 1937 see the extensive public library correspondence in Ms 98.","\nThe post-1954 correspondence includes lecture arrangements, nomination and member correspondence, announcements, and all manner of memoranda and external correspondence.","The financial reports series includes monthly financial reports from the Alexandria Library Association prior the establishment of the public library and annual reports of the Library Company after 1953 along with a limited amount of additional correspondence on related issues.","\nThere is also a file of annual reports which the Library Company was required to make to the state as a corporation.","\nFor records relating to the Alexandria Library Company's efforts to become tax-exempt in the 1980s, see the Organizational Records series.","The meetings series consists chiefly of bound and unbound minutes from the Alexandria Library Company and its successors.","\nThe bound minutes cover the early Library Company from 1794 to its last meeting in 1879, the Alexandria Library Association and Library Society from 1897 through its loss of control of the library in the late 1947, and the Society and modern Library Company from 1948 to 1993.","\nAfter 1937, there are two minute books, one for the \"executive board,\" which ran the library, and the other for the Library Society and later Library Company which appointed some of its members. The 1938-1947 executive board minutes are included in the microfilm copy of the older bound volumes, but the original is located in Ms 98.","\nBylaws, agreements, financial, and membership information often appear in the records, as do records of elections. In some periods, annual reports are pasted into the minute books, which like a lot of library business, was printed in the Gazette.","\nThe unbound meeting records cover the modern period of the Library Company and contain minutes, announcements of meetings, and notes, although for the earlier periods the minutes are merely photocopies of the bound volumes as indicated by page numbers.","The members series contains records relating to the selection, participation, and retention of members of the Library Company, with a focus on the modern period from the 1950s onward. It includes records of the nominating committee, correspondence with and about current or prospective members, and lists of members and guests attending the annual lectures. One of these lists is also available on a 3½ inch disk.","The subscription series consists of bound volumes of records documenting the subscribers of the company while doubling as ledgers for many of the financial transactions of the pre-Lyceum period (1794-1839), with gaps between volumes. Apart from the minutes, the volumes contain the only information on the subscribers of the late 1790s, for which there is a gap in the circulation records.","\nThere are also additional financial records from 1826-1839 and a list of subscribers, paid and not, from 1854. These appear in the same volume (see historical note), along with the circulation records for 1846-1848 in between.","\nThe stubs of printed subscription certificates from 1874-1879 are also included in this series. Each contains an identifying number, the name of a subscriber, and a dollar amount, accompanied in some cases by dates or other notations. A few of the completed patron slips are also in this volume, including dates and the signature of the treasurer.","This series contains information on the annual lecture series, with the bulk covering the period after its revival in 1957. The files for the early years include much of the correspondence arranging for the lectures and information on the lecturers as well as in some cases printed copies of the prepared text. For later years the files consist largely of lecture announcements, programs, and attendance lists. ","\nAudio or video recordings were made of most lectures, but are not currently available. Correspondence relating to the recordings can be found in the relevant subseries. ","\nCorrespondence is also available regarding the production of the printed programs and the selection of speakers during the 1970s along with an undated seat plan. ","\nInformation on attendance and the financial aspects of the lectures can be found in other series. ","\nPrint transcriptions for certain lectures are available in the reading room.","The collection's miscellany includes annual reports of the library, a survey of the old library company books, seals, stationary, and printed matter including poems, fundraising pamphlets, and literature about the library from the League of Women Voters.","The news clippings series consists chiefly of articles about the annual lectures or which report on the annual meetings and the election of officers and members.","The catalogs provide listings of books showing what was available at the library during different time periods and identifying books for some parts of the circulation records. Catalogs also frequently included information on other topics, including the rules of the library, founding documents, library histories, and the value of the books. ","\nTitles were often abbreviated, especially in the working catalogs, and dates of publication were often lacking. This can make identifying a work from the catalog difficult even when copies of it are extant elsewhere. ","\nCatalogs can be used reliably for most of the numerical listings in the circulation records for roughly 1801-1807, 1815-1848, 1856-1862, and 1874-1879. The 1815 catalog was not only bigger than the 1801, but had been renumbered. Because of this practice, the 1801 catalog cannot be relied upon for records prior to its implementation nor after the point in 1807-1808 when its successor went into effect. Since there is no way to know if the 1815 catalog was an extension of the 1808, it likewise cannot be trusted prior to implementation. The 1815 and its supplement were used for a longer period and the 1830-1848 used it as a base, although it altered its system of arrangement leaving around 30 or so numbers undefined for part of the 1830s. The 1856 printed and 1858-1860 working catalogs cover much of the same material and are usable for records into the Civil War. The 1856 is available online in a searchable format and organized to be browsed, while the working catalog is arranged by number. The 1876 copy of the catalog implemented in July 1874 is missing the letters O-P, but is otherwise usable for the last few years of circulation records. ","\nSee specific catalog notes for details. ","The 1801 catalog corresponds to the title numbers 1-452 in the circulations records from around 1802-1808 and offers the number of volumes and value for each. It is hard to be precise since the dates on which it came into and fell out of use at the library are unknown. The fact that books were removed as well as added at the time of its adoption and its organization suggest that it may not be reliable for the 1794-1796 circulation records, and possibly not even for books circulating earlier in 1801 which were likely identified by an earlier catalog. ","\nIn addition to a listing of books, the catalog includes the revised act of incorporation dated September 1799, the laws of the company passed on 2 November 1801 and an alphabetical membership list. \nAt the back is a list of book donations from largest to smallest, including the name of the donor, the total number of volumes donated, and a list of title numbers, along with an index to the catalog and some errata. ","\nIt was printed by Cottom and Stewart in Alexandria and sold for fifty cents a copy. ","This catalog of 1,027 titles includes the title number, number of volumes, and price, as well as a note to indicate whether something was a donation. It is a reliable reference for the decades that followed, but should be used with caution for earlier periods. Comparison with the 1801 catalog shows that titles were inserted with very low numbers, and it is unclear how the 1808 catalog was organized. Given the way the catalog was divided, there is no clear method by which accretions could have been added to the working catalog other than accession order, whereas the 1815 catalog required them to be categorized. ","\nIt is therefore logical to assume that numbers added in between catalog issuances were later changed, and that the 1815 catalog is probably not valid for the preceding period. ","\nThe full title of the catalog included the phrase \"to which are prefixed, the Act of Incorporation; the Laws of the Company, and the Names of the Members,\" but our copy contains only pages 11-46 and does not contain front matter. It is unclear whether the first ten pages were removed, or John A. Stewart's edition was simply printed without them. ","This printed catalog supplement extends the 1815 catalog from #1,027 to #1,728 updating it to August 1830. It was likely published around that time by William Greer, printer, and matches the titles. It matches the numbers of a listing of books dated 1828 in one of the circulation books suggesting that no rearrangement of newer books occurred prior to publication. ","\nThe supplement has most of the same information as the 1815, offering the number, title, volume, and value of each title, but lacks its classification system by size and subject. Despite a short cross-listing of periodical works, it has neither the subject classification nor even alphabetization to make it a ready reference. ","This catalog contains a relisting of the contents of the 1815 catalog and supplement sorted by the first letter of the alphabet with pamphlets listed separately as well as books added between April 1833 and the suspension of library operations after 1848 listed by subject. Although its initial form was compiled by George Drinker some time earlier, it does not appear to gone into effect until sometime after 1834 where there is a gap in circulation records. Because the numbering up to 1,725 remained the same, earlier print catalogs can also be employed for those number for the period from 1815-1848 even though this catalog alone can be used for the numbers 1,726-1,793 during that period.","\nAdditions beyond 1,793 are only usable for the period 1841-1848, because they were relisted here under a combined subject/numbering system after being originally cataloged differently up to around 1,825. The later rearrangement left no record of how those 30 or so numbers should be understood during the period before 1834.","\nThese later additions occupy the latter sections which include materials published from the late-1830s and early 1840s. Other indications of the ongoing nature of the listings include the blank entry for #351 at the end of Novels and Romances and the blank page with the heading \"Biography\" following the rest of that section.","\nThe third, and final section, is the \"List of Books from the Reading Room.\" These are dated 1840-1841, and consist almost entirely of new additions to the periodicals with a few exceptions, chiefly among the first few entries. This suggests that the page may not have been used for its original purpose.","\nThe title/subject organization of the latter part of the catalog is helpful in understanding acquisition priorities during the late-1830s and the Lyceum period of the 1840s.","\nThe inside cover contains a calendar for 1833 going through February 1834, with the Thursdays closest to the middle of each month marked (none are the dates of official meetings). There is also a 29 March 1830 inscription by Drinker, Treasurer, authorizing James Dunlap in financial matters while he is librarian, which may predate the decision to use the book as a catalog. Drinker may have done the first 1,725 entries at that time in preparation for the publication of the 1815 supplement.","As noted in its introduction, the 300 copies of the 1856 catalog were created not as \"a model catalog but such a one as would be practically useful to the readers of the library.\" It serves as a guide to the collection as contemporary subscribers would have known it, covering the first 4,473 volume numbers for this period. For looking up numbers from the circulation records, it is easier to use the searchable catalog of surviving books or the online version. For later acquisitions, one may use the manuscript catalog that was in use internally from 1858-1860 which is arranged by number.","\nIn addition to the aforementioned note on the catalog's creation, the catalog also includes a historical note on the early history of the library and a copy of the 1799 act of incorporation.","This catalog was implemented sometime in the fall of 1858 as an \"amendment\" to the catalog of 1856 and was likely expanded on an ongoing basis up to the Civil War. Since the 1856 catalog was presumably still in use by subscribers, the two contain largely the same information apart from three key differences. Firstly, the 1858 added accretions to the book collection, extending the book numbers from 4,473 to 5,063. The second difference is that it lists the books by number, to assist the librarians in managing the books, rather than by author and title, which in the 1856 catalog assisted subscribers in finding them. Lastly, it should be noted that titles in both catalogs are abbreviated in different ways.","\nDespite the overlap and differences of organization, a person looking up a number in the circulation records between February 1857 and 17 September 1859 may still find it easier to consult a searchable online version of the catalog and reserve use of the 1858 for its last 600 numbers. Starting on 27 September 1859, titles began to appear in the circulation records alongside the numbers, making either catalog usable for numbers below 4,474, although due to unpredictable title abbreviations numerical catalogs remained more reliable.","\nThe catalog was signed by a number of librarians of the company inside the front and back covers, sometimes more than once. This includes a listing made in 1871 which is notable for the presence of names not associated with the title \"librarian\" by the minutes.","The initial form of this catalog was compiled by Doctor Theo West and put into use on 10 July 1874, although there may have been additions by the time it was copied by the directors of the library company into its current form. It was intended for publication, but was later advertised as merely being available at the librarian's desk. It was therefore organized with the aim of finding books by title, like a printed catalog, rather than by number like the manuscript catalogs from before the Civil War. It remained in use until the company shut down after 1880.","\nThe book contains a detailed history of the library company including the text of the 1799 act of incorporation written by \"John Stewart, Keeper of the Rolls.\" It is also the only extant catalog with a book plate, albeit one with the shelf location and classification numbers left blank.","\nThe listing of books is missing the letters O and P at a point where the binding is broken, either because they were removed from this edition or never added in. Title information includes the title and number of each book as well as a \"case\" number (presumably for shelving) and occasional volume and date information. Space is left in many places for additional titles to be added, although in some cases this was handled by inserted slips of paper. For details on the organization of the title list see the arrangement note.","This listing of \"R\" titles is largely the same as that copied by the directors for the 1876 catalog, but appears to be in a different hand (most noticeably the number 8). The listing for \"S\" appears to be the same hand as \"R.\" Also included are two pieces of paper with additional titles, and notes in blue asking that additional space be left for new titles to be added. That feature of the main 1876 catalog is absent here and may be the reason it was not included in a complete volume.","The 1898 catalog provides the earliest record of the library's collection after its reestablishment by the Alexandria Library Association, including numbers of volumes and publications dates for each title. The subject classification allows a simple method of gauging the balance of the collection between different areas, particularly in comparison with the publications of 1906 and 1912. Handwritten notes seem to indicate additions and shelf locations, although the date and provenance of those notes is unclear.","A complete update to the 1898 catalog, the 1906 retained the same basic classification system apart from the addition of 3 new sub-classes. It also includes a chart of subscription prices for the library at the front giving lengths of time and numbers of books and a large number of advertisements from local businesses.","\nFor the new subclasses see arrangement note.","The 1912 supplement to the catalog includes additions to the library collection since 1906 as well as a listing of old magazines, which were not mentioned in the 1906 catalog. Most classification numbers were therefore unneeded. The bulk of the entries appear to be fiction and old magazines.","This typescript contains a listing of \"old magazines\" by title and volume that were in the collection in 1933. It also includes some notes on their condition, such as whether they were bound and missing covers, pages, and volumes.","The circulation records consist of bound volumes containing lists of books checked out. They typically list the name of the subscriber, the date, and some method of identifying the work along with various other details. For much of its history, the old library company identified books only by number, although titles and combinations of numbers and titles began appearing around 1845, with titles becoming commonplace after 1858.","\nThe catalogs can be used reliably for only some of the numerical listings due to additions following the publication of rapidly outdated catalogs and changes in numbering that preceded new ones. They are relevant to some of the numbers for 1801-1807, 1815-1848, 1856-1862, and 1874-1879 (see catalog series notes and below). Because of possible renumbering, the 1801 catalog cannot be relied upon for records prior to its implementation nor after the point in 1807-1808 when its successor went into effect. Since there is no way to know if the 1815 catalog was an extension of the 1808 or if it was the first to change the numbering from the 1801, it likewise cannot be trusted prior to its implementation.","\nThe 1815 and its supplement were used for a longer period and the 1834-1848 catalog used it as a base, despite altering its system of arrangement for later materials and leaving about 30 numbers unclear due to renumbering. The 1856 printed and 1858-1860 working catalogs cover much of the same material and are usable into the Civil War. Notably, the 1856 is available online in a searchable format. It was arranged to be browsed, while the working catalog is arranged by number only. The 1876 copy of the catalog implemented in July 1874 is missing the letters O-P, but is otherwise usable for the last few years of circulation records.","\nEven when numbers cannot be identified, useful information can be inferred from changes in the numbering system and preferences for numbers from particular periods, such as for new acquisitions. One can also use the records to quantify the level of patronage as a whole in various periods. There are no circulation records at the book level from the Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937) and later, although summary reports of circulation became common during the modern period and were often noted in minutes and annual reports.","\nThere are significant gaps in the circulation records, which nominally cover the period from November 1794 to January 1880. These come in several different types. Some of them appear to indicate missing volumes, including July 1795-June 1801, May 1811-February 1814, January 1835-Feburary 1841, September 1848-October 1858, and 1868-1870, but there are also gaps of a few months between volumes in 1805, 1824, 1846, 1871, and 1874. Additionally, there is a month of pages missing from the middle of 1831, and two pages are missing after October 1862, even though returns were noted as late December, before resuming in April 1868 (on the Civil War see the historical note for this series).","\nTitle numbers began at around 200, gradually rising to over 5,000 before the Civil War. After the war, numbers ran below 1,000 for the most part, before changing to numbers over 5,000 again on 4 December 1873 (p.279) and then dropping to lower numbers on 10 July 1874 (p.69), with some titles in the 5000s being renumbered to the 3000s.","\nMany of volumes contain lists of books in their front or back matter, usually including both titles and numbers. This is one of the only sources for matching that information for some periods of the library's history and includes the only reference to the 1808 catalog outside the minutes. They include lists of missing books (the 1822-1824 volume), books sent to be bound (1824-1828 and 1828-1831) and of the Waverly Novels (1822-1824).","\nChanges in the hand recording the information signal personnel changes, and many of the volumes were inscribed with the names of librarians or members of the company, occasionally accompanied by other kinds of scribbling as in 1814-1816, 1831-1834, and especially 1858-1868. There is also some doodling, which appears inside the covers in a modest way in the 1814-1816 volume and far more extensively in the 1841-1848 and 1858-1868 ones. The 1841-1848 also contains doodles among the actual circulation records.","\nFor the columns and specific information that varied over time see the arrangement note for this series."],"names_coll_ssim":["Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)","Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)"],"corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)","Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":147,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T03:58:50.090Z","bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn the 1780s, a discussion group of Alexandria gentlemen called \"The Society for the Promotion of Useful Knowledge\" was formed. In 1794, many of these same individuals gathered to form the nucleus of the Alexandria Library Company (ALC). The ALC was a subscription library modelled after the Philadelphia Library Company, which had also emerged from such a club. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSociety president Reverend John Muir became president of the ALC, a position he would hold for almost 20 years. Many of the library's founders are known to have been members of local Masonic lodges. Elisha Cullen Dick, who had succeeded George Washington as the leader of Lodge 22, was among the first directors of the ALC as well as the secretary of the earlier Society. The first Librarian was Edward Stabler, the proprietor of an apothecary shop. In 1796, Stabler was replaced by James Kennedy, who served as librarian until 1818. Overlaps and family links between the leadership of the library and other Alexandria institutions remained common over the next century and a half. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor a time, the Alexandria Lyceum (founded in 1838) and the ALC shared a physical space as well as similar missions. The Alexandria Lyceum was founded as part of a national movement focused on educational lectures. The union between the two organizations was dissolved in 1844, but the library continued to rent space from the Lyceum. The library was later said to have been in a state of \"suspended animation\" from around 1846 to 1852. In 1852, a \"Young Men's\" group took over under the original charter, publishing a new catalog in 1856. The library continued to operate into the Civil War. It remained in the Lyceum but not without acrimony, which is evident in the Alexandria Gazette in 1860. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn October 1867, an agreement was reached with what was variously referred to as the Alexandria Christian Association and the YMCA for assistance with running the library. The library separated from this organization during the early 1870s. By the second half of the 1870s, the library fell into a decline which the directors blamed on the lack of a published catalog. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe first library catalog had been prepared by Kennedy in 1796 and published sometime thereafter. The earliest catalog of which there is an extant copy was published in 1801, followed by another in 1808 of which there are few traces. A more enduring catalog was created in 1815. The 1830s saw publication of a supplement to the 1815 catalog and the creation of a working catalog that would be used into the late 1840s. Normal circulation records end in April 1861 when the library was converted into a military hospital. There are stray entries in May and December before operations resumed on a limited basis in May 1862 and continued at least through that year. Over a thousand volumes were lost during the war. Due to the decline in usage in the 1870s, a new catalog was produced by librarian Emma J. Young in 1872 but never published. After two years with Young's catalog, another was commissioned from Dr. Theo West, which also went unpublished. As a stopgap, handwritten copies were used by patrons. In 1898, a new catalog was created which utilized a decimal system for the first time. The last published catalog was a supplement to the 1912 version. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the late 1870s, appeals were made to the men of Alexandria for support,. The directors met with another \"Young Men's Library Association\" in 1878 without success, records of operations stop after January 1880.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Gazette reported in January 1881 that the books were now in the custody of the school board, whose membership included William F. Carne, a former library company director and the son of one its former presidents. In May 1887 it reported that Carne, as leader of the board's library committee, was inviting associations wishing to participate in re-opening the library to a meeting at the Peabody school building where the books were held, and explained that he had always intended a reading room to be opened to the public once space was freed up for that purpose.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn June 1887, the Gazette reported that the \"Reading Circle of Washington and Lee Schools\" organized by teachers two years prior and the YMCA would operate the free library during the summer, in the hope that in September \"an effort will be made, with a very fair prospect of success, to re-organize the Library Company.\" Gazette reports in 1890 and 1891 refer to continued efforts by Carne and others to \"re-open\" the library, and in 1892 being part of a \"committee on the project for a free public library,\" but they did not succeed.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the decades after 1870s librarianship not only professionalized but underwent a rapid gender shift, and apart from the periods in which there was no librarian for financial reasons, no male librarians seem to have been employed until well into the 20th century. Women's library organizations had become common nationally, and along with the philanthropy of Andrew Carnegie played a major role in the growth of public libraries in America starting in the late 19th century.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn September 1897, the Alexandria Library Association led by Virginia Corse received custody of the books then in possession of the school board. With a modest donation from Carnegie, by 1898 the library was back in business, but as a subscription library, it would not become a free public library for almost 40 years. The new library needed a new librarian, and after one or two initial hires, the association found Alice Green (1865-1956), who would serve from 1902-1937 and in a lesser capacity into the mid-1940s. During this period, space for the library was rented from the United Daughters of the Confederacy (UDC).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Depression brought financial hardship. As the crisis worsened in early 1931, the association had obtained $1,000 from the city council to form \"a nucleus for the establishment of a public library.\" Discussion of becoming a public library had been common since the 1920s, as the efforts of Carnegie and others had made them the norm nationally. Attempts were made to sell older books and hold fundraisers as subscription fees dried up. There was also a dispute with the UDC over a rent increase in 1933. The library was aided by the wealth of its members, including a $5,000 bequest in 1935 from its long-time treasurer, Margaret L. Smoot.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMembers built political support both on the council and among the public in the mid-1930s and in 1937 it was agreed that a building would be constructed on the site of the old cemetery of the Society of Friends and that the city government would cover annual expenses of no more than $5,000 for the association to operate a free library. One member of the board would be appointed by the city. The new governing organization was rebranded the Alexandria Library Society.  Agreements were signed in January, and the library opened at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch's current location, 717 Queen Street.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnother change after 1937 was the gender composition of the leadership. Men served on the board of the new Society and played prominent roles after 1937. After 1948 they typically occupied the presidency of the organization. Most elections were unanimous, often with women casting most of the votes, but it ceased to be a women's organization. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1945 a technicality in the Society's contract with the city was brought to the attention of the board. Namely that the $5,000 the city was obligated to provide each year was not the minimum but rather the maximum contribution, and that the higher appropriations it had been making were illegal. The city took this as an opportunity to demand a contract change beyond the funding formula. Although the men of the city council had representation on the board, the women of the Society were still ultimately running the library, and the Society was asked to allow a majority of the executive board to be appointed by the city, and a minority by the Society. That the city legally \"owned the building and all its contents\" so long as it paid $5,000 per year was also pointed out. The Alexandria Library Society signed the new contract, surrendering control of the library in November 1947. In its reduced role, the Society still elected members to the board and received reports from the librarian. It also retained independent funds that could be used for the benefit of the library. With the library now fully the city's responsibility, the membership was also able to more openly advocate for additional funding.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnother longstanding issue at the library was race. The president's 1928 annual report had endorsed becoming a \"free city library,\" but feared that becoming a Carnegie library \"would bring in some elements hitherto unknown and I think undesirable in our Library.\" In the 1930s the library association favored providing segregated facilities, but, after repeated meetings with the city council, failed to achieve even that modest goal. In the 13 March, 1939, minutes, the issue was revisited yet again, but without result. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFour days later on 17 March 1939, Sergeant George Wilson was turned down for a library card because of his race and Samuel Tucker filed a civil rights lawsuit against the librarian on his behalf. Plans for a segregated facility were dusted off, and new staff was hired so that the librarian could focus on the controversy. On 21 August 1939, several black men organized by Tucker entered the library and followed Wilson's example, but after being refused, seated themselves in the library with books, beginning America's first library sit-in. It ended only after the city manager called the police, and all were arrested. The lawsuit was dismissed on technical grounds, but to prevent a new lawsuit the city approved the Robert H. Robinson branch, which opened in 1940. Tucker refused to accept a card there. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA major issue in the early 1950s was the push to expand the overcrowded main library serving the white community. The white librarian at the time, who had been hired in a junior capacity during Tucker's campaign in 1939, suggested to the Society that the expansion could be an opportunity to integrate. In the midst of the debates over expansion and additional funding, an opportunity emerged to purchase a neighboring building on the corner of North Columbus and Queen, which was later demolished. This prompted a discussion about the Alexandria Library Society's connection to the original library company. It was decided to change the name from the \"Alexandria Library Society\" to the \"Alexandria Library Company,\" make the appropriate filings with the state government, and reinstate the 1799 charter, which would be revised by the legislature in the 1980s to help obtain tax-exempt status from the IRS.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis name change was completed at one of the company's most consequential meetings in February 1956. Every member was asked to sign their name in the minute book to signal their assent. A letter from a local civil rights activist questioning the legality of library segregation was also read, but deemed the province of the library board, which referred the matter back to the company whose reply is not preserved.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMember Mangum Weeks thereupon raised the question of the future role of the Library Company, and proposed resuming the tradition of annual lectures dating from the Lyceum period using funds from the newly instituted membership dues. This proposal was adopted, and preparing the annual lectures soon became a major focus of the Company. The Library Company continues to appoint members to the board of the Alexandria Library and hold its annual lecture series. It commissioned a new history of the library by William Seale in 2007, which can be found at the Local History and Special Collections Branch.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChronological listings for both presidents of the board and librarians up to the modern day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003ePresidents of the Library Company and Its Successors\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1794-February 1813\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRev. James Muir\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1813-February 1815\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eHugh Smith\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1815-March 1824\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJohn Roberts\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1824-February 1829\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eHugh Smith\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1829-February 1835\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJohn Richards\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1835-February 1840\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJohn Roberts\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1840-1852\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eElias Harrison\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003e1852-February 1855\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJ. Louis Kinzer\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1855-September 1858\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eFrancis Miller\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1858- February 1859\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRichard L. Carne\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1859-September 1859\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eCaleb S. Hallowell\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1859-February 1860\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWilliam G. Cazenove\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1860-February 1870\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRichard L. Carne\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1870-February 1873\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eK. Kemper\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1873-October 1873\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSamuel H. Janney\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1873-February 1874\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSidney C. Neale\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1874-June 1879\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMercer Slaughter\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1897-October 1905\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eVirginia Corse\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eJuly 1906-June 1925\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Samuel. L. Monroe\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1925-April 1930\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eLoula Smoot\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eApril 1930-November 1933\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Henry B. Soule, [Jessie E. Soule]\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eDecember 1933-December 1934\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMary Lloyd\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eDecember 1934-December 1936\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSusan Thomson\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eDecember 1936-November 1937\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Louis Scott\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eNovember 1937-November 1944\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Curtis Backus\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eNovember 1944-November 1946\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. [Lawrence] Fawcett, [Mary Fawcett]\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eNovember 1946-November 1947\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eHoward Worth Smith\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eNovember 1947-October 1948\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e[Miss Anne] Lewis Jones\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1948-October 1949\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMiss Horne\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1949-October 1950\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMr. Stanley King\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1950-December 1951\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMr. [Joseph] Crockett\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eDecember 1951-February 1955\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMr. Robert Moncure\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1955-February 1957\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDr. [W. Bruce] Silcox\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1957-February 1959\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eStanley King\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1959-February 1962\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMangum Weeks\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1962-February 1963\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRichard Bales\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1963-February 1965\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDonald King\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1965-February 1967\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDavid Squires\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1967-February 1969\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eHoward Worth Smith Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1969-February 1971\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWilliam Francis Smith\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1971-February 1972\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJohn T. Ticer\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1972-February 1974\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDavid M. Abshire\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1974-February 1976\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Merill Beede\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1976-February 1978\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Douglas Lindsey\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1978-February 1980\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eClarke T. Cooper Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1980-February 1982\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWilliam Seale\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1982-February 1983\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDenys Peter Myers\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1983-February 1985\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWilliam B. Hurd\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1985-February 1986\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eGeorge J. Stansfield\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1986-February 1987\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDr. Ernest A. Connally\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1987-February 1989\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDr. Wilton C. Corkern, Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1989-March 1991\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJames M. Lewis\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1991-March 1992\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Anne Smith Paul\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1992-March 1993\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRichard R. G. Hobson\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1993-March 1995\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDabney Waring\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1995-March 1997\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJames R. Hobson\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1997-March 1998\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRobert C. Reed\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1998-March 2000\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eNeil Horstman\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 2000-March 2002\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eCarroll Johnson\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 2002-March 2003\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eThomas C. Brown Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eLibrarians of Alexandria\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1794-February 1796\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eEdward Stabler\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1796-February 1818\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJames Kennedy\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1818-August 1826\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWilliam Cranch\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAugust 1826-October 1829\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eW. Samuel Mark\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1829-March 1845\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eGeorge Drinker\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1845-September 1845\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJames M. Eaches\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1845-September 1852\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eC.F. Stuart\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1852-April 1853\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eH. W. P. Junius\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1852-April 1853\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eL.? Hunter\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eNovember 1853\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eOffice Abolished\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1854-October 1855\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eE. M.[Magruder?] Lowe\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1855-September 1858\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eNorval E. Foard\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1858-February 1859\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eS. Scott\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1859-September 1859\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eEdward R. Roxbury\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1859-February 1860\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJames A. Clarridge\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1860-April 1861\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eCharles R. Burgess (acting)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eApril 1861-Unknown\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eEdwin N. Wise\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1868\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWr. Bushby\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eApril 1870-May 1871\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eAugust Henning\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eJuly 1871-March 1872\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eW. F. Stansbury\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1872-August 1873\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eEmma J. Young\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1873-March 1876\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eEmily English\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1876\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003ePosition Eliminated\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eJune 1879\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eR. Pendleton Bruin (unofficial? acting?)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1900-October 1903\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eF. Olive Lyons\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1903-April 1937 (continued part-time, mentioned up to 1946)\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eAlice Green\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eApril 1937-December 1938\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMiss Beatrice Workman\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eJanuary 1939-January 1941\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eKatherine Scoggin (later Martyn)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1941-June 1948\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eBessie Watson\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eJuly 1948-June 1969 (hired part-time October 1939, letter of resignation later that month)\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eEllen C. Burke\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eJuly 1969-October 1992 (librarian from 1958)\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJeanne G. Plitt\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe initial combination of financial and subscription records likely reflected the company's initial dependence on subscription fees, in contrast to the later subscription library in the city that relied more on donors. This recordkeeping system appears to have been a casualty of the merger with the Lyceum, which became official in early 1840.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAs the physical volume in use at that time was still mostly blank, it was repeatedly repurposed, first for additional circulation records (until these too lapsed) and later for a \"list of Stockholders and the amount due from each for the year commencing the 13th February 1854,\" which likely relates to the revitalization of the company after its agreement with the Young Men's group. The agreement required the men to find 100 subscribers, and the list was likely prepared for the annual meeting originally scheduled for 20 February (a week after the date on the list), at which it was decided to void the shares of individuals who had not paid.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 1980 lecture of Dr. William Dudley on \"Captain Gordon and the Raid on Alexandria 1814\" was recorded but was left off the lists of annual lectures printed in later years. It marks the point at which the sequential numbering of annual lectures was stopped. The reason for this is unknown.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNo catalog was published under the first librarian, but four were published during the 1796-1818 tenure of his successor.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nOn 29 December 1796 he was directed to prepare a catalog of books \"classed according to their size and arranged in the order of the alphabet, with the number and cost or value of each,\" although a March 1797 entry suggests that it was still not complete four months later. No copy of this catalog has survived, but there would have been between 200 and 400 titles at that time.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe growth of the collection was driven in part by the acceptance of books in place of subscription fees and the purchase of private libraries. In May 1800 a committee was formed to examine its acquisitions for books that were \"useless, superfluous or of immoral tendency,\" which decided in September to postpone acting on them until it was time to print a new catalog. That time came on 2 November 1801 when a committee was appointed to assist the librarian in creating a new catalog.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nOn 1 February 1808 the board decided to print a new catalog at 50 cents a copy because \"many members were without any.\" On 2 May this catalog was reported to be largely complete. Another meeting was planned shortly thereafter so that it could be printed \"without delay.\" That meeting is undocumented, if indeed it took place. No copy of this catalog or any direct record of its publication is currently known. But it must have existed since it was referenced in a later circulation book and the librarian received a bonus for his work on it in March 1809.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nOn 2 May 1814, it was decided to create another new catalog. It would eventually have 1,027 numbers, which circulation records show the library had reached by July 1814. On 14 November 1814, the librarian reported the catalog \"ready for the press.\" He was instructed to obtain 150 copies \"with all convenient dispatch,\" a number raised to 200 the following month. In February 1815, he reported the catalog \"about half-finished\" and presented a copy to the board, which set a price of 50 cents. In March he received compensation for \"his additional trouble in preparing the new catalogue for the press,\" suggesting that the printing had been completed.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe 1815 catalog was later extended by a published supplement that added additional numbers. Unlike other printed works, there is no mention of when the supplement was produced in the minutes. It is, however, clear from circulation records that all its books had circulated by 14 August 1830. According to the minutes, a meeting had been called for 10 May 1830 only to be quickly adjourned \"there appearing no business requiring the attention of the board,\" and quarterly meetings on 2 August and 2 November were adjourned, lacking a quorum. The librarian at the time had replaced his predecessor in October 1829 and been confirmed in the position the following March. It seems plausible that he pushed to update the catalog after becoming librarian but that the question was either not deemed important or could not be addressed due to the lack of quorum but that it was printed in 1830 anyway.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAt the same time, a working catalog was created for use in the library itself. It is the earliest preserved catalog of this type but was probably not the first. It contains a relisting of the contents of the 1815 catalog and supplement sorted by the first letter of the alphabet with pamphlets listed separately as well as books added between April 1833 and the suspension of library operations after 1848 listed by subject. Although its initial form was compiled some time earlier, it does not appear to have come into use until sometime after 1834 where there is a gap in the circulation records. The first 1,725 entries may have been added at the time of the 1815 supplement with the shift to a new method of arrangement occurring later. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nOn 8 March 1856 a committee of the revived library company was assigned to rearrange and renumber the books for publication. On 29 November 1856, the board voted for 300 copies of the finished catalog to be produced.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nOn 18 June 1858 board president Andrew Jamison resigned. On 4 September Richard L. Carne, the chairmen of the committee on the catalog and president pro-tem submitted \"his amendment to the catalog\" and appointed Sylvester Scott as librarian to constitute a \"committee of revisal.\" A new working catalog is preserved from this period continuing into the Civil War, although it does not appear to have been published.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nFrom the reestablishment of the library in the late 1860s to its failure at the close of the 1870s the lack of a published catalog to advertise the available books was identified as a major issue. The last version of the catalog prior to the Civil War had contained over 5,000 books, of which it was estimated in 1871 that 1,000-1,500 had been lost.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nCirculations records from the early 1870s feature book numbers around 1,000 that do not correspond to any known listing, and numbers were abandoned entirely from May 1871 to January 1872. It was decided on 2 October 1872 to create a new catalog, and the task was assigned to the new librarian, Emma Young. The fact that the numbers of the circulating books changed to include some with numbers over 5,000 after 4 December 1872 indicates that this work was completed, but it was never published and there is no surviving catalog from that period.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe limited use of the catalog is evident from the prevalence of high numbered works among those in circulation. The highest numbers indicated recent acquisitions, which often received announcements in the Alexandria Gazette.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAt the 20 February 1874 meeting, it was noted that \"the last catalogue was published some years previous to the war and had become, by reasons of subsequent losses and additions, very incomplete\" and the board decided to appoint Dr. Theo West \"to catalogue and arrange the books.\" They planned to print the catalog in time for the 1875 annual meeting, but printing was postponed indefinitely. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe new catalog went into effect on 10 July 1874 as seen in the shift in circulation records from a system with numbers up to around 5,800 to a new catalog going to 4,314, but again they were unable to publish it.  Seven months later at the 19 February 1875 meeting, it was decided to arrange a printing \"as soon as possible,\" but this did not occur either.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nOn 10 March 1876 the board decided upon a different plan. The catalog was to be divided among the directors so that copies might be made \"for the librarian's desk.\" The published account of the 21 February 1877 annual meeting noted that \"many persons have given as a reason for not becoming subscribers the inaccessibility of the old library which was not catalogued. This plea no longer holds.\" Doctor West's catalog \"copied by members of the Board without expense, bound in good style, can now always be found on the Librarian's desk.\" Operations ceased and the books went into storage a few years later.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAt the 8 January 1898 meeting of the newly formed Alexandria Library Association, it was moved that the \"the catalogue be printed at once\" with the addition of blank pages between the leaves for advertisements from city merchants.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThis catalog was the first to use a version of the Dewey Decimal System, which had become popular since its first publication in 1888, reaching its 5th edition in 1894. This was the first modern classification system in the history of the Alexandria Library.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSubsequent to the publication of the 1898 catalog in January of that year, there are several mentions of publishing \"supplements\" such as on 11 April 1899 and 11 July 1899 which may refer to the practice of publishing notices with the titles of new additions in the Alexandria Gazette, such as those of 6 July and 13 July 1899.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nOn 1 January 1902 there was a push for a \"supplementary catalogue (being a catalogue of books up to date) be printed\" and the president appointed a committee for that purpose. It was postponed pending the catalog's completion. On 9 October 1906 the board voted to accept an offer from a Mr. White to print 1000 copies in return for advertising space. According to the 8 January 1907 minutes, the library was given half the copies of the 1906 catalog for free, of which it sold 200 and gave 300 away.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe 12 April 1910 minutes mention a decision to \"again postpone the publication a supplementary catalogue.\" On 23 January 1912 it was again put off until the 9 April meeting, where it was decided for a new catalog to be printed and priced at five cents a copy and \"to have the names of the old magazines put into the new catalogue but not into the card catalogue.\" On 12 June 1912 it was reported that \"the catalogue was in the hands of the printer and that Mrs. Monroe was reading the proof\" and the \"new catalog\" was deemed \"ready for distribution\" on 8 October 1912.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe annual report at that same meeting noted that \"the year has also seen the completion of the labelling, classifying, and cataloguing of all the old and valuable magazines which the Board has for so long a time desired to put into shape for distribution,\" which a review of the supplement suggests meant works in good condition available for circulation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nOn 11 April 1933 Mrs. Newell \"volunteered to catalogue old magazines in order that their value may be ascertained.\"  On 9 May 1933 she presented a \"typewritten list\" of \"old magazines\" for appraisal as part of their depression era fundraising efforts. On 10 October she reported them to be of \"no value\" and suggested having them sent to the Salvation Army for use as old paper. On 8 January 1934 the board approved this proposal for those magazines of \"no value,\" which do not appear to have included many titles listed in this catalog.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nNo explicit reason for the abandonment of published catalogs after 1912 was given, but the allusion to card catalogs suggests that it was a final step in the transition from numerical catalogs, which favored bound volumes by allowing new titles to be added to the end of the sequence, to the Dewey Decimal System, which required new titles to be inserted in the correct place in the existing list and was more easily managed with cards which did not require leaving space for new titles as the 1876 catalog had.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe circulation records began with the original library company in 1794 and continued until its collapse in 1880. Some of the gaps in the records reflect periods during which its activity was disrupted.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nDuring the War of 1812, British forces arrived in Alexandria on 29 August 1814 and remained there until 2 September. The library normally closed on Sundays, and remained closed from Sunday 28 August through Tuesday 30 August. It opened from 31 August to 2 September, during which time only four books circulated.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe library was also affected by the Civil War. Hostilities between the Union and Confederacy began at Fort Sumter on 12 April 1861. A vote on Virginia secession was held on 17 April and ratified by a referendum on 23 May. Alexandria was occupied by Union forces the following day. Confederate forces had briefly made use of the Lyceum building housing the library, but it later served as a hospital for the Union. Some books were moved out but others were not.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nIt is unclear were the library operated from in 1861 and 1862, but it did operate. There was a significant reduction in circulation leading up to the war, dropping to a single entry for 22 April 1861. Solitary patrons were recorded for 18th and 30th of May, and an individual withdrew a book every day through 21-25 December, although the May and December entries are in a different hand and initially broke with the format. In early June 1862 however, the library resumed semi-regular hours, usually opening only Tuesday and Thursday but occasionally other days. Records continue into mid-October, after which two pages are missing from the book before it resumes in 1868. Returns are dated as late as December 1862, and it is unclear when the library ceased operations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAttempts to preserve the library in the late 1870s were unsuccessful, and the number of pages per year charts its decline and eventual failure over the second half of the decade.\u003c/p\u003e"]}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128"}},{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_11","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Alexandria, Virginia City Records (MS019)","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_11#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Alexandria (Va.) (1749-)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_11#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains reports, correspondence, account books, minutes, warrants, court orders, vouchers, bills to be paid and to be collected, some printed matter, stocks and bonds, petitions, election returns, and poll books, ranging in date from 1750 to 1983, predominately 1825-1875. Topics include both the city auditor and the city treasurer records of receipts and expenditures for many city functions--the poor house, the police, employee pay records, etc.--, election results, the issuance of Corporation stocks and bonds, railroads, and canals.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_11#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_11","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_11","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_11","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_11","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ALEX/repositories_2_resources_11.xml","title_ssm":["Alexandria, Virginia City Records (MS019)"],"title_tesim":["Alexandria, Virginia City Records (MS019)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1750-1983","1825-1875"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1825-1875"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1750-1983"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS019","/repositories/2/resources/11"],"text":["MS019","/repositories/2/resources/11","Alexandria, Virginia City Records (MS019)","Alexandria (Va.)","Alexandria (Va.) -- History","Jails -- Alexandria (Va.)","Jails -- United States.","Alexandria (Va.). Mayor","City councils.","Elections -- Virginia.","Court administration -- United States.","Microfiche Collection--Sweeney Papers \nMicrofilm Collection--Judge Daniel O'Flaherty Collection--Alexandria Town Council \nMicrofilm Collection--Reels #00027, 00070, 00431, 00473, 00479, 00481, 00548, 00552, 00564","The collection is divided into the following series: \nI--Auditor (1809-1954)--subdivided into twenty-four (24) subseries (see attached folder listing), each chronological by year; \nII--Treasurer (1818-1923)--chronological by year; \nIII--Mayor (1831-1877)--chronological by year; \nIV--City Council (1800-1954)--subdivided into eleven (11) subseries (see attached folder listing), each chronological by year; \nV--Clerk of the Council (1785-1874)--chronological by year; \nVI--Commissioners of the Sinking Fund (1845-1876)--chronological by year; \nVII--Commissioner of the Revenue (1795-1946)--includes commissioner as tax assessor, (see attached folder listing), chronological by year; \nVIII--Corporation Officers (1795-1876)--arrangement as per the 1898-1899 Annual Report where possible, the rest alphabetically, each chronological by year; \nIX--Gas Works and Water Works (1856-1876)--chronological by year; \nX--Court Records (1791-1957)--subdivided into eight (8) subseries (see attached folder listing), each chronological by year; \nXI--Elections (1808-1883)--subdivided into Poll Books, by ward and year, and returns, chronological by year; \nXII--City Manager (1936-1966)--subdivided into four (4) subseries (see attached folder list), each chronological by year; \nXIII--City Engineer (1910-1935)--chronological by year; \nXIV--City Jail (1956-1957)--Chronological by year; \nXV--Alexandria redevelopment and Housing Authority (1951-1958)--chronological by year; \nXVI--Department of Planning and Urban Renewal (1956-1965)--chronological by year; \nXVII--Various City Officials (1922-1983)--alphabetical by title, then chronological (sse attached folder listing); \nXVIII--Annual Reports (1954-1983)--chronological by year; \nXIX--Miscellaneous (175?-1932)--alphabetical by title, \nXX--Personal Property Tax Records (1870-1950-incomplete) chronolgical by year, \nXXI-Land Books (1926-1928, 1930-1950), chronological by year.","Alexandria, a major port city along the Potomac River, was founded in 1749. Ceded by Virginia to the federal government in 1801 to be part of the nation's capital, Alexandria was retroceded in 1847. During the Civil War, Union forces occupied and governed Alexandria. In 1922, the city adopted the Council-City Manager form of government.","Building Permits (MS040), 1892-1929 \nPlumbing Permits (MS046), 1936-1939","The collection contains reports, correspondence, account books, minutes, warrants, court orders, vouchers, bills to be paid and to be collected, some printed matter, stocks and bonds, petitions, election returns, and poll books, ranging in date from 1750 to 1983, predominately 1825-1875. Topics include both the city auditor and the city treasurer records of receipts and expenditures for many city functions--the poor house, the police, employee pay records, etc.--, election results, the issuance of Corporation stocks and bonds, railroads, and canals.","Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria (Va.) (1749-)","Alexandria (Va.). City Clerk","Alexandria (Va.). Department of Housing and Community Development","Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Engineer","Alexandria (Va.). Department of Planning and Urban Renewal","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS019","/repositories/2/resources/11"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alexandria, Virginia City Records (MS019)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alexandria, Virginia City Records (MS019)"],"collection_ssim":["Alexandria, Virginia City Records (MS019)"],"repository_ssm":["Alexandria Library"],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Alexandria (Va.)","Alexandria (Va.) -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["Alexandria (Va.)","Alexandria (Va.) -- History"],"creator_ssm":["Alexandria (Va.) (1749-)","Alexandria (Va.). City Clerk","Alexandria (Va.). Department of Housing and Community Development","Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Engineer","Alexandria (Va.). Department of Planning and Urban Renewal"],"creator_ssim":["Alexandria (Va.) (1749-)","Alexandria (Va.). City Clerk","Alexandria (Va.). Department of Housing and Community Development","Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Engineer","Alexandria (Va.). Department of Planning and Urban Renewal"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Alexandria (Va.) (1749-)","Alexandria (Va.). City Clerk","Alexandria (Va.). Department of Housing and Community Development","Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Engineer","Alexandria (Va.). Department of Planning and Urban Renewal"],"creators_ssim":["Alexandria (Va.) (1749-)","Alexandria (Va.). City Clerk","Alexandria (Va.). Department of Housing and Community Development","Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Engineer","Alexandria (Va.). Department of Planning and Urban Renewal"],"places_ssim":["Alexandria (Va.)","Alexandria (Va.) -- History"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Jails -- Alexandria (Va.)","Jails -- United States.","Alexandria (Va.). Mayor","City councils.","Elections -- Virginia.","Court administration -- United States."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Jails -- Alexandria (Va.)","Jails -- United States.","Alexandria (Va.). Mayor","City councils.","Elections -- Virginia.","Court administration -- United States."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["30.48 Cubic Feet 73 Boxes"],"extent_tesim":["30.48 Cubic Feet 73 Boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMicrofiche Collection--Sweeney Papers \nMicrofilm Collection--Judge Daniel O'Flaherty Collection--Alexandria Town Council \nMicrofilm Collection--Reels #00027, 00070, 00431, 00473, 00479, 00481, 00548, 00552, 00564\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Microfiche Collection--Sweeney Papers \nMicrofilm Collection--Judge Daniel O'Flaherty Collection--Alexandria Town Council \nMicrofilm Collection--Reels #00027, 00070, 00431, 00473, 00479, 00481, 00548, 00552, 00564"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into the following series: \nI--Auditor (1809-1954)--subdivided into twenty-four (24) subseries (see attached folder listing), each chronological by year; \nII--Treasurer (1818-1923)--chronological by year; \nIII--Mayor (1831-1877)--chronological by year; \nIV--City Council (1800-1954)--subdivided into eleven (11) subseries (see attached folder listing), each chronological by year; \nV--Clerk of the Council (1785-1874)--chronological by year; \nVI--Commissioners of the Sinking Fund (1845-1876)--chronological by year; \nVII--Commissioner of the Revenue (1795-1946)--includes commissioner as tax assessor, (see attached folder listing), chronological by year; \nVIII--Corporation Officers (1795-1876)--arrangement as per the 1898-1899 Annual Report where possible, the rest alphabetically, each chronological by year; \nIX--Gas Works and Water Works (1856-1876)--chronological by year; \nX--Court Records (1791-1957)--subdivided into eight (8) subseries (see attached folder listing), each chronological by year; \nXI--Elections (1808-1883)--subdivided into Poll Books, by ward and year, and returns, chronological by year; \nXII--City Manager (1936-1966)--subdivided into four (4) subseries (see attached folder list), each chronological by year; \nXIII--City Engineer (1910-1935)--chronological by year; \nXIV--City Jail (1956-1957)--Chronological by year; \nXV--Alexandria redevelopment and Housing Authority (1951-1958)--chronological by year; \nXVI--Department of Planning and Urban Renewal (1956-1965)--chronological by year; \nXVII--Various City Officials (1922-1983)--alphabetical by title, then chronological (sse attached folder listing); \nXVIII--Annual Reports (1954-1983)--chronological by year; \nXIX--Miscellaneous (175?-1932)--alphabetical by title, \nXX--Personal Property Tax Records (1870-1950-incomplete) chronolgical by year, \nXXI-Land Books (1926-1928, 1930-1950), chronological by year.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into the following series: \nI--Auditor (1809-1954)--subdivided into twenty-four (24) subseries (see attached folder listing), each chronological by year; \nII--Treasurer (1818-1923)--chronological by year; \nIII--Mayor (1831-1877)--chronological by year; \nIV--City Council (1800-1954)--subdivided into eleven (11) subseries (see attached folder listing), each chronological by year; \nV--Clerk of the Council (1785-1874)--chronological by year; \nVI--Commissioners of the Sinking Fund (1845-1876)--chronological by year; \nVII--Commissioner of the Revenue (1795-1946)--includes commissioner as tax assessor, (see attached folder listing), chronological by year; \nVIII--Corporation Officers (1795-1876)--arrangement as per the 1898-1899 Annual Report where possible, the rest alphabetically, each chronological by year; \nIX--Gas Works and Water Works (1856-1876)--chronological by year; \nX--Court Records (1791-1957)--subdivided into eight (8) subseries (see attached folder listing), each chronological by year; \nXI--Elections (1808-1883)--subdivided into Poll Books, by ward and year, and returns, chronological by year; \nXII--City Manager (1936-1966)--subdivided into four (4) subseries (see attached folder list), each chronological by year; \nXIII--City Engineer (1910-1935)--chronological by year; \nXIV--City Jail (1956-1957)--Chronological by year; \nXV--Alexandria redevelopment and Housing Authority (1951-1958)--chronological by year; \nXVI--Department of Planning and Urban Renewal (1956-1965)--chronological by year; \nXVII--Various City Officials (1922-1983)--alphabetical by title, then chronological (sse attached folder listing); \nXVIII--Annual Reports (1954-1983)--chronological by year; \nXIX--Miscellaneous (175?-1932)--alphabetical by title, \nXX--Personal Property Tax Records (1870-1950-incomplete) chronolgical by year, \nXXI-Land Books (1926-1928, 1930-1950), chronological by year."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlexandria, a major port city along the Potomac River, was founded in 1749. Ceded by Virginia to the federal government in 1801 to be part of the nation's capital, Alexandria was retroceded in 1847. During the Civil War, Union forces occupied and governed Alexandria. In 1922, the city adopted the Council-City Manager form of government.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Alexandria, a major port city along the Potomac River, was founded in 1749. Ceded by Virginia to the federal government in 1801 to be part of the nation's capital, Alexandria was retroceded in 1847. During the Civil War, Union forces occupied and governed Alexandria. In 1922, the city adopted the Council-City Manager form of government."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlexandria Virginia City Records, MS019, Alexandria Library, Local History/Special Collections, Alexandria, Va.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Item identification], Alexandria Virginia City Records, MS019, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Alexandria Virginia City Records, MS019, Alexandria Library, Local History/Special Collections, Alexandria, Va.","[Item identification], Alexandria Virginia City Records, MS019, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBuilding Permits (MS040), 1892-1929\u003cbr\u003e\nPlumbing Permits (MS046), 1936-1939\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Building Permits (MS040), 1892-1929 \nPlumbing Permits (MS046), 1936-1939"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains reports, correspondence, account books, minutes, warrants, court orders, vouchers, bills to be paid and to be collected, some printed matter, stocks and bonds, petitions, election returns, and poll books, ranging in date from 1750 to 1983, predominately 1825-1875. Topics include both the city auditor and the city treasurer records of receipts and expenditures for many city functions--the poor house, the police, employee pay records, etc.--, election results, the issuance of Corporation stocks and bonds, railroads, and canals.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains reports, correspondence, account books, minutes, warrants, court orders, vouchers, bills to be paid and to be collected, some printed matter, stocks and bonds, petitions, election returns, and poll books, ranging in date from 1750 to 1983, predominately 1825-1875. Topics include both the city auditor and the city treasurer records of receipts and expenditures for many city functions--the poor house, the police, employee pay records, etc.--, election results, the issuance of Corporation stocks and bonds, railroads, and canals."],"names_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria (Va.) (1749-)","Alexandria (Va.). City Clerk","Alexandria (Va.). Department of Housing and Community Development","Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Engineer","Alexandria (Va.). Department of Planning and Urban Renewal"],"corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria (Va.) (1749-)","Alexandria (Va.). City Clerk","Alexandria (Va.). Department of Housing and Community Development","Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Engineer","Alexandria (Va.). Department of Planning and Urban Renewal"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T04:00:29.975Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_11","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_11","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_11","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_11","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ALEX/repositories_2_resources_11.xml","title_ssm":["Alexandria, Virginia City Records (MS019)"],"title_tesim":["Alexandria, Virginia City Records (MS019)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1750-1983","1825-1875"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1825-1875"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1750-1983"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS019","/repositories/2/resources/11"],"text":["MS019","/repositories/2/resources/11","Alexandria, Virginia City Records (MS019)","Alexandria (Va.)","Alexandria (Va.) -- History","Jails -- Alexandria (Va.)","Jails -- United States.","Alexandria (Va.). Mayor","City councils.","Elections -- Virginia.","Court administration -- United States.","Microfiche Collection--Sweeney Papers \nMicrofilm Collection--Judge Daniel O'Flaherty Collection--Alexandria Town Council \nMicrofilm Collection--Reels #00027, 00070, 00431, 00473, 00479, 00481, 00548, 00552, 00564","The collection is divided into the following series: \nI--Auditor (1809-1954)--subdivided into twenty-four (24) subseries (see attached folder listing), each chronological by year; \nII--Treasurer (1818-1923)--chronological by year; \nIII--Mayor (1831-1877)--chronological by year; \nIV--City Council (1800-1954)--subdivided into eleven (11) subseries (see attached folder listing), each chronological by year; \nV--Clerk of the Council (1785-1874)--chronological by year; \nVI--Commissioners of the Sinking Fund (1845-1876)--chronological by year; \nVII--Commissioner of the Revenue (1795-1946)--includes commissioner as tax assessor, (see attached folder listing), chronological by year; \nVIII--Corporation Officers (1795-1876)--arrangement as per the 1898-1899 Annual Report where possible, the rest alphabetically, each chronological by year; \nIX--Gas Works and Water Works (1856-1876)--chronological by year; \nX--Court Records (1791-1957)--subdivided into eight (8) subseries (see attached folder listing), each chronological by year; \nXI--Elections (1808-1883)--subdivided into Poll Books, by ward and year, and returns, chronological by year; \nXII--City Manager (1936-1966)--subdivided into four (4) subseries (see attached folder list), each chronological by year; \nXIII--City Engineer (1910-1935)--chronological by year; \nXIV--City Jail (1956-1957)--Chronological by year; \nXV--Alexandria redevelopment and Housing Authority (1951-1958)--chronological by year; \nXVI--Department of Planning and Urban Renewal (1956-1965)--chronological by year; \nXVII--Various City Officials (1922-1983)--alphabetical by title, then chronological (sse attached folder listing); \nXVIII--Annual Reports (1954-1983)--chronological by year; \nXIX--Miscellaneous (175?-1932)--alphabetical by title, \nXX--Personal Property Tax Records (1870-1950-incomplete) chronolgical by year, \nXXI-Land Books (1926-1928, 1930-1950), chronological by year.","Alexandria, a major port city along the Potomac River, was founded in 1749. Ceded by Virginia to the federal government in 1801 to be part of the nation's capital, Alexandria was retroceded in 1847. During the Civil War, Union forces occupied and governed Alexandria. In 1922, the city adopted the Council-City Manager form of government.","Building Permits (MS040), 1892-1929 \nPlumbing Permits (MS046), 1936-1939","The collection contains reports, correspondence, account books, minutes, warrants, court orders, vouchers, bills to be paid and to be collected, some printed matter, stocks and bonds, petitions, election returns, and poll books, ranging in date from 1750 to 1983, predominately 1825-1875. Topics include both the city auditor and the city treasurer records of receipts and expenditures for many city functions--the poor house, the police, employee pay records, etc.--, election results, the issuance of Corporation stocks and bonds, railroads, and canals.","Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria (Va.) (1749-)","Alexandria (Va.). City Clerk","Alexandria (Va.). Department of Housing and Community Development","Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Engineer","Alexandria (Va.). Department of Planning and Urban Renewal","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS019","/repositories/2/resources/11"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alexandria, Virginia City Records (MS019)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alexandria, Virginia City Records (MS019)"],"collection_ssim":["Alexandria, Virginia City Records (MS019)"],"repository_ssm":["Alexandria Library"],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Alexandria (Va.)","Alexandria (Va.) -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["Alexandria (Va.)","Alexandria (Va.) -- History"],"creator_ssm":["Alexandria (Va.) (1749-)","Alexandria (Va.). City Clerk","Alexandria (Va.). Department of Housing and Community Development","Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Engineer","Alexandria (Va.). Department of Planning and Urban Renewal"],"creator_ssim":["Alexandria (Va.) (1749-)","Alexandria (Va.). City Clerk","Alexandria (Va.). Department of Housing and Community Development","Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Engineer","Alexandria (Va.). Department of Planning and Urban Renewal"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Alexandria (Va.) (1749-)","Alexandria (Va.). City Clerk","Alexandria (Va.). Department of Housing and Community Development","Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Engineer","Alexandria (Va.). Department of Planning and Urban Renewal"],"creators_ssim":["Alexandria (Va.) (1749-)","Alexandria (Va.). City Clerk","Alexandria (Va.). Department of Housing and Community Development","Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Engineer","Alexandria (Va.). Department of Planning and Urban Renewal"],"places_ssim":["Alexandria (Va.)","Alexandria (Va.) -- History"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Jails -- Alexandria (Va.)","Jails -- United States.","Alexandria (Va.). Mayor","City councils.","Elections -- Virginia.","Court administration -- United States."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Jails -- Alexandria (Va.)","Jails -- United States.","Alexandria (Va.). Mayor","City councils.","Elections -- Virginia.","Court administration -- United States."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["30.48 Cubic Feet 73 Boxes"],"extent_tesim":["30.48 Cubic Feet 73 Boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMicrofiche Collection--Sweeney Papers \nMicrofilm Collection--Judge Daniel O'Flaherty Collection--Alexandria Town Council \nMicrofilm Collection--Reels #00027, 00070, 00431, 00473, 00479, 00481, 00548, 00552, 00564\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Microfiche Collection--Sweeney Papers \nMicrofilm Collection--Judge Daniel O'Flaherty Collection--Alexandria Town Council \nMicrofilm Collection--Reels #00027, 00070, 00431, 00473, 00479, 00481, 00548, 00552, 00564"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into the following series: \nI--Auditor (1809-1954)--subdivided into twenty-four (24) subseries (see attached folder listing), each chronological by year; \nII--Treasurer (1818-1923)--chronological by year; \nIII--Mayor (1831-1877)--chronological by year; \nIV--City Council (1800-1954)--subdivided into eleven (11) subseries (see attached folder listing), each chronological by year; \nV--Clerk of the Council (1785-1874)--chronological by year; \nVI--Commissioners of the Sinking Fund (1845-1876)--chronological by year; \nVII--Commissioner of the Revenue (1795-1946)--includes commissioner as tax assessor, (see attached folder listing), chronological by year; \nVIII--Corporation Officers (1795-1876)--arrangement as per the 1898-1899 Annual Report where possible, the rest alphabetically, each chronological by year; \nIX--Gas Works and Water Works (1856-1876)--chronological by year; \nX--Court Records (1791-1957)--subdivided into eight (8) subseries (see attached folder listing), each chronological by year; \nXI--Elections (1808-1883)--subdivided into Poll Books, by ward and year, and returns, chronological by year; \nXII--City Manager (1936-1966)--subdivided into four (4) subseries (see attached folder list), each chronological by year; \nXIII--City Engineer (1910-1935)--chronological by year; \nXIV--City Jail (1956-1957)--Chronological by year; \nXV--Alexandria redevelopment and Housing Authority (1951-1958)--chronological by year; \nXVI--Department of Planning and Urban Renewal (1956-1965)--chronological by year; \nXVII--Various City Officials (1922-1983)--alphabetical by title, then chronological (sse attached folder listing); \nXVIII--Annual Reports (1954-1983)--chronological by year; \nXIX--Miscellaneous (175?-1932)--alphabetical by title, \nXX--Personal Property Tax Records (1870-1950-incomplete) chronolgical by year, \nXXI-Land Books (1926-1928, 1930-1950), chronological by year.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into the following series: \nI--Auditor (1809-1954)--subdivided into twenty-four (24) subseries (see attached folder listing), each chronological by year; \nII--Treasurer (1818-1923)--chronological by year; \nIII--Mayor (1831-1877)--chronological by year; \nIV--City Council (1800-1954)--subdivided into eleven (11) subseries (see attached folder listing), each chronological by year; \nV--Clerk of the Council (1785-1874)--chronological by year; \nVI--Commissioners of the Sinking Fund (1845-1876)--chronological by year; \nVII--Commissioner of the Revenue (1795-1946)--includes commissioner as tax assessor, (see attached folder listing), chronological by year; \nVIII--Corporation Officers (1795-1876)--arrangement as per the 1898-1899 Annual Report where possible, the rest alphabetically, each chronological by year; \nIX--Gas Works and Water Works (1856-1876)--chronological by year; \nX--Court Records (1791-1957)--subdivided into eight (8) subseries (see attached folder listing), each chronological by year; \nXI--Elections (1808-1883)--subdivided into Poll Books, by ward and year, and returns, chronological by year; \nXII--City Manager (1936-1966)--subdivided into four (4) subseries (see attached folder list), each chronological by year; \nXIII--City Engineer (1910-1935)--chronological by year; \nXIV--City Jail (1956-1957)--Chronological by year; \nXV--Alexandria redevelopment and Housing Authority (1951-1958)--chronological by year; \nXVI--Department of Planning and Urban Renewal (1956-1965)--chronological by year; \nXVII--Various City Officials (1922-1983)--alphabetical by title, then chronological (sse attached folder listing); \nXVIII--Annual Reports (1954-1983)--chronological by year; \nXIX--Miscellaneous (175?-1932)--alphabetical by title, \nXX--Personal Property Tax Records (1870-1950-incomplete) chronolgical by year, \nXXI-Land Books (1926-1928, 1930-1950), chronological by year."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlexandria, a major port city along the Potomac River, was founded in 1749. Ceded by Virginia to the federal government in 1801 to be part of the nation's capital, Alexandria was retroceded in 1847. During the Civil War, Union forces occupied and governed Alexandria. In 1922, the city adopted the Council-City Manager form of government.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Alexandria, a major port city along the Potomac River, was founded in 1749. Ceded by Virginia to the federal government in 1801 to be part of the nation's capital, Alexandria was retroceded in 1847. During the Civil War, Union forces occupied and governed Alexandria. In 1922, the city adopted the Council-City Manager form of government."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlexandria Virginia City Records, MS019, Alexandria Library, Local History/Special Collections, Alexandria, Va.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Item identification], Alexandria Virginia City Records, MS019, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Alexandria Virginia City Records, MS019, Alexandria Library, Local History/Special Collections, Alexandria, Va.","[Item identification], Alexandria Virginia City Records, MS019, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBuilding Permits (MS040), 1892-1929\u003cbr\u003e\nPlumbing Permits (MS046), 1936-1939\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Building Permits (MS040), 1892-1929 \nPlumbing Permits (MS046), 1936-1939"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains reports, correspondence, account books, minutes, warrants, court orders, vouchers, bills to be paid and to be collected, some printed matter, stocks and bonds, petitions, election returns, and poll books, ranging in date from 1750 to 1983, predominately 1825-1875. Topics include both the city auditor and the city treasurer records of receipts and expenditures for many city functions--the poor house, the police, employee pay records, etc.--, election results, the issuance of Corporation stocks and bonds, railroads, and canals.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains reports, correspondence, account books, minutes, warrants, court orders, vouchers, bills to be paid and to be collected, some printed matter, stocks and bonds, petitions, election returns, and poll books, ranging in date from 1750 to 1983, predominately 1825-1875. Topics include both the city auditor and the city treasurer records of receipts and expenditures for many city functions--the poor house, the police, employee pay records, etc.--, election results, the issuance of Corporation stocks and bonds, railroads, and canals."],"names_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria (Va.) (1749-)","Alexandria (Va.). City Clerk","Alexandria (Va.). Department of Housing and Community Development","Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Engineer","Alexandria (Va.). Department of Planning and Urban Renewal"],"corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria (Va.) (1749-)","Alexandria (Va.). City Clerk","Alexandria (Va.). Department of Housing and Community Development","Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Engineer","Alexandria (Va.). Department of Planning and Urban Renewal"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T04:00:29.975Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_11"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_261","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Alice Rice Jaffe Papers","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_3_resources_261#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Jaffe, Alice Rice (1888-1950)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_3_resources_261#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Includes assorted reports, newspaper articles and correspondence, etc. relating to Hampton Roads history and Old Dominion University's early history as Norfolk Division of William and Mary College. Contains material from Jaffe's family including her husband, journalist Louis I. Jaffe, her father, Colonel Henry Rice and ancestor, Captain Samuel Davis.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_3_resources_261#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_261","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_261","_root_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_261","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_261","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_3_resources_261.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/3/resources/261","title_filing_ssi":"Jaffe, Alice Rice","title_ssm":["Alice Rice Jaffe Papers"],"title_tesim":["Alice Rice Jaffe Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1807-1950, undated","1919-1950","Date acquired: 06/01/1977"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1919-1950"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1807-1950, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 06/01/1977"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG 17-2B1","/repositories/3/resources/261"],"text":["RG 17-2B1","/repositories/3/resources/261","Alice Rice Jaffe Papers","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Old Dominion University--Faculty","Ship captains","Open to researchers without restrictions.","Additional accessions made in March 1980 and May 1981.","The collection is organized into five series: Series I: Norfolk Division of William and Mary; Series II: Col. Henry Rice; Series III: Captain Samuel Davis; Series IV: Louis I. Jaffe; Series V: Miscellaneous.","Alice Rice Jaffe was an art teacher at Old Dominion College/Old Dominion University in the 1960s and 1970s. Jaffe received her A.B. from Vassar College. She was married to the late Louis I. Jaffe, editor of the Virginian Pilot from 1919 to 1950.","Note written by Special Collections Staff","The material in this collection relates to people in Alice Jaffe's life, rather than to Alice Jaffe personally. These persons include: Louis I. Jaffe, her husband and editor of the Virginian-Pilot from 1919 to 1950; Colonel Henry Rice, her father; and Captain Samuel Davis, an ancestor and ship's captain. A part of the collection includes materials on the first two decades of growth of the Norfolk Division of William and Mary which later became Old Dominion College and then Old Dominion University.","This series includes correspondence, reports, newspaper clippings, and brochures regarding the early formation and growth of the Norfolk Division of the College of William and Mary from 1938 to 1948. Many of the documents are addressed to or copied to Mr. Louis Jaffe, Alice Jaffe's husband and editor of the Virginian Pilot at the time. Materials are arranged chronologically.","This series relates to the building of a house for year round occupancy at Virginia Beach in 1936 by Alice Jaffe's father, Col. Henry Rice. Included are price estimates, brochures, bills, construction plans, and other related materials. This series is arranged alphabetically.","This series relates to Captain Samuel Davis, a ship's captain, citizen of Norfolk, Virginia, and an ancestor of Alice Jaffe. The series is broken into two sub-series: A. Correspondence and B. Legal Documents.","This sub-series contains correspondence regarding U.S. trade with Britain and France. Material is arranged chronologically and dates from 1810 to 1817.","This sub-series contains legal documents including a ship's roster for the American Barque Petersburg, a letter from the Collector of Norfolk requesting safe overseas passage for Captain Davis, and a document regarding the sale of a slave to Samuel Davis. Material is arranged chronologically, and dates from 1807 to 1810.","This series contains a booklet with a compilation of articles and speeches by Alice Jaffe's husband, Louis Jaffe who was the editor for the Virginian Pilot from 1919 until his death in 1950. He won the Pulitzer Price for Editorial Writing in 1929 for An Unspeakable Act of Savagery, which condemned lynching. This compilation includes this editorial, and his other famous editorial The Baby Magnolia (1920). Other topics include: the press, the Virginian Pilot, Norfolk, anti-lynching laws and race relations, and introductions of speakers such as Robert Frost, World War II.","This series contains a birthday card with an illustrated map of Virginia, a portrait of the presentation of the Norfolk Mace to the Corporation of Norfolk by Robert Dinwiddie, Governor of Virginia in 1754, and sheet music from the records of the ODU School of Arts and Letters. Material is arranged alphabetically.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Includes assorted reports, newspaper articles and correspondence, etc. relating to Hampton Roads history and Old Dominion University's early history as Norfolk Division of William and Mary College. Contains material from Jaffe's family including her husband, journalist Louis I. Jaffe, her father, Colonel Henry Rice and ancestor, Captain Samuel Davis.","ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University. Department of Art","Norfolk College of William and Mary","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Jaffe, Alice Rice (1888-1950)","Jaffe, Louis I.(Louis Isaac) (1888-1950)","Webb, Louis","Rice, Henry","Davis, Samuel","English"],"unitid_tesim":["RG 17-2B1","/repositories/3/resources/261"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alice Rice Jaffe Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alice Rice Jaffe Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Alice Rice Jaffe Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Jaffe, Alice Rice (1888-1950)"],"creator_ssim":["Jaffe, Alice Rice (1888-1950)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Jaffe, Alice Rice (1888-1950)"],"creators_ssim":["Jaffe, Alice Rice (1888-1950)"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Alice R. Jaffe","Gift. Accession #A77-41"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Old Dominion University--Faculty","Ship captains"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Old Dominion University--Faculty","Ship captains"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.80 Linear Feet","2 Hollinger document cases boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.80 Linear Feet","2 Hollinger document cases boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1977],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional accessions made in March 1980 and May 1981.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals and Additions"],"accruals_tesim":["Additional accessions made in March 1980 and May 1981."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into five series: Series I: Norfolk Division of William and Mary; Series II: Col. Henry Rice; Series III: Captain Samuel Davis; Series IV: Louis I. Jaffe; Series V: Miscellaneous.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into five series: Series I: Norfolk Division of William and Mary; Series II: Col. Henry Rice; Series III: Captain Samuel Davis; Series IV: Louis I. Jaffe; Series V: Miscellaneous."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlice Rice Jaffe was an art teacher at Old Dominion College/Old Dominion University in the 1960s and 1970s. Jaffe received her A.B. from Vassar College. She was married to the late Louis I. Jaffe, editor of the Virginian Pilot from 1919 to 1950.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Special Collections Staff\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Alice Rice Jaffe was an art teacher at Old Dominion College/Old Dominion University in the 1960s and 1970s. Jaffe received her A.B. from Vassar College. She was married to the late Louis I. Jaffe, editor of the Virginian Pilot from 1919 to 1950.","Note written by Special Collections Staff"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 1, Pamphlet: \"Some Facts about The Norfolk Division, College of William and Mary, and its Services to Parent College and Community\", 1938, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 2, Miscellaneous News Articles on William and Mary, 1939, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 3, Letter from Public Welfare Director H. G. Parker to Louis Jaffe, William D. Fawcett, and Col. James Mann, 1941 April 29, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 4, Letter from City Manager Charles B. Borland to Norfolk Council President Joseph D. Wood, with Attached Copy of Committee Report, 1941, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 5, Report of Charles J. Duke, Jr. to President John Stewart Bryan of the College of William and Mary, 1941 September 5, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 6, Booklet: \"Programs for Training the High School Graduate in Skills Valuable in Time of War,\" Norfolk Division, 1942 January, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 7, Letter from Charles J. Duke, Jr. to Louis I. Jaffe, February 18, 1942, with Accompanying Report of Mr. Duke to President John Stewart Bryan of the College of William and Mary, 1942 February 5, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 8, News Release on the Establishment of a Vocational School at the Norfolk Division, 1944 October 1, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 9, News Release on Appointment of Lewis Webb as Director of the Norfolk Division, 1946 May 27, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 10, Memorandum on the Progress of the Norfolk Division Since June 1941, Presented to the Board of Visitors, 1946 June 4, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 11, Letter from Charles Duke to Governor William Tuck Regarding the Consolidation of the Educational Facilities of the St. Helena Extension and the Norfolk Division, 1948 March 22, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 12, Report of Committee to Study Extensions, to the Rector and The Board of Visitors, College of William and Mary, undated, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 13, Bulletin of Present Facilities and Plans for Future Development, Norfolk Division of the College of William and Mary and Virginia Polytechnic Institute, undated, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 14, Construction Papers--Brochures, 1936, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 15, Construction Papers--Materials, 1936, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 16, Construction Papers--Methods of Construction and Plans, 1936, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 17, Construction Papers--Price Estimates and Bills, 1936, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 1, Correspondence--Captain Samuel Davis, 1810, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 2, Correspondence--Captain Samuel Davis, 1815, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 3, Correspondence--Captain Samuel Davis, 1817, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 4, Sale of Slave to Samuel Davis, 1807 September 22, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 5, Letter from the Collector of Norfolk Requesting Safe Overseas Passage for Captain Samuel Davis, 1809 January 14, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 6, Ship's Roster for the American Barque Petersburg, 1810 March 8, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 7, Articles and Speeches by Louis I. Jaffe, Editor, Norfolk Virginian-Pilot, 1919-1950, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 8, Birthday Card with Illustration of the Map of Virginia, undated, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 9, Photo of Norfolk Mace, 1938, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 10, Sheet Music Covers, undated, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 11, Sheet Music, undated, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 1, Pamphlet: \"Some Facts about The Norfolk Division, College of William and Mary, and its Services to Parent College and Community\", 1938, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 2, Miscellaneous News Articles on William and Mary, 1939, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 3, Letter from Public Welfare Director H. G. Parker to Louis Jaffe, William D. Fawcett, and Col. James Mann, 1941 April 29, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 4, Letter from City Manager Charles B. Borland to Norfolk Council President Joseph D. Wood, with Attached Copy of Committee Report, 1941, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 5, Report of Charles J. Duke, Jr. to President John Stewart Bryan of the College of William and Mary, 1941 September 5, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 6, Booklet: \"Programs for Training the High School Graduate in Skills Valuable in Time of War,\" Norfolk Division, 1942 January, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 7, Letter from Charles J. Duke, Jr. to Louis I. Jaffe, February 18, 1942, with Accompanying Report of Mr. Duke to President John Stewart Bryan of the College of William and Mary, 1942 February 5, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 8, News Release on the Establishment of a Vocational School at the Norfolk Division, 1944 October 1, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 9, News Release on Appointment of Lewis Webb as Director of the Norfolk Division, 1946 May 27, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 10, Memorandum on the Progress of the Norfolk Division Since June 1941, Presented to the Board of Visitors, 1946 June 4, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 11, Letter from Charles Duke to Governor William Tuck Regarding the Consolidation of the Educational Facilities of the St. Helena Extension and the Norfolk Division, 1948 March 22, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 12, Report of Committee to Study Extensions, to the Rector and The Board of Visitors, College of William and Mary, undated, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 13, Bulletin of Present Facilities and Plans for Future Development, Norfolk Division of the College of William and Mary and Virginia Polytechnic Institute, undated, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 14, Construction Papers--Brochures, 1936, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 15, Construction Papers--Materials, 1936, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 16, Construction Papers--Methods of Construction and Plans, 1936, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 17, Construction Papers--Price Estimates and Bills, 1936, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 1, Correspondence--Captain Samuel Davis, 1810, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 2, Correspondence--Captain Samuel Davis, 1815, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 3, Correspondence--Captain Samuel Davis, 1817, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 4, Sale of Slave to Samuel Davis, 1807 September 22, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 5, Letter from the Collector of Norfolk Requesting Safe Overseas Passage for Captain Samuel Davis, 1809 January 14, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 6, Ship's Roster for the American Barque Petersburg, 1810 March 8, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 7, Articles and Speeches by Louis I. Jaffe, Editor, Norfolk Virginian-Pilot, 1919-1950, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 8, Birthday Card with Illustration of the Map of Virginia, undated, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 9, Photo of Norfolk Mace, 1938, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 10, Sheet Music Covers, undated, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 11, Sheet Music, undated, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe material in this collection relates to people in Alice Jaffe's life, rather than to Alice Jaffe personally. These persons include: Louis I. Jaffe, her husband and editor of the Virginian-Pilot from 1919 to 1950; Colonel Henry Rice, her father; and Captain Samuel Davis, an ancestor and ship's captain. A part of the collection includes materials on the first two decades of growth of the Norfolk Division of William and Mary which later became Old Dominion College and then Old Dominion University.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes correspondence, reports, newspaper clippings, and brochures regarding the early formation and growth of the Norfolk Division of the College of William and Mary from 1938 to 1948. Many of the documents are addressed to or copied to Mr. Louis Jaffe, Alice Jaffe's husband and editor of the Virginian Pilot at the time. Materials are arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series relates to the building of a house for year round occupancy at Virginia Beach in 1936 by Alice Jaffe's father, Col. Henry Rice. Included are price estimates, brochures, bills, construction plans, and other related materials. This series is arranged alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series relates to Captain Samuel Davis, a ship's captain, citizen of Norfolk, Virginia, and an ancestor of Alice Jaffe. The series is broken into two sub-series: A. Correspondence and B. Legal Documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains correspondence regarding U.S. trade with Britain and France. Material is arranged chronologically and dates from 1810 to 1817.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains legal documents including a ship's roster for the American Barque Petersburg, a letter from the Collector of Norfolk requesting safe overseas passage for Captain Davis, and a document regarding the sale of a slave to Samuel Davis. Material is arranged chronologically, and dates from 1807 to 1810.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains a booklet with a compilation of articles and speeches by Alice Jaffe's husband, Louis Jaffe who was the editor for the Virginian Pilot from 1919 until his death in 1950. He won the Pulitzer Price for Editorial Writing in 1929 for An Unspeakable Act of Savagery, which condemned lynching. This compilation includes this editorial, and his other famous editorial The Baby Magnolia (1920). Other topics include: the press, the Virginian Pilot, Norfolk, anti-lynching laws and race relations, and introductions of speakers such as Robert Frost, World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains a birthday card with an illustrated map of Virginia, a portrait of the presentation of the Norfolk Mace to the Corporation of Norfolk by Robert Dinwiddie, Governor of Virginia in 1754, and sheet music from the records of the ODU School of Arts and Letters. Material is arranged alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The material in this collection relates to people in Alice Jaffe's life, rather than to Alice Jaffe personally. These persons include: Louis I. Jaffe, her husband and editor of the Virginian-Pilot from 1919 to 1950; Colonel Henry Rice, her father; and Captain Samuel Davis, an ancestor and ship's captain. A part of the collection includes materials on the first two decades of growth of the Norfolk Division of William and Mary which later became Old Dominion College and then Old Dominion University.","This series includes correspondence, reports, newspaper clippings, and brochures regarding the early formation and growth of the Norfolk Division of the College of William and Mary from 1938 to 1948. Many of the documents are addressed to or copied to Mr. Louis Jaffe, Alice Jaffe's husband and editor of the Virginian Pilot at the time. Materials are arranged chronologically.","This series relates to the building of a house for year round occupancy at Virginia Beach in 1936 by Alice Jaffe's father, Col. Henry Rice. Included are price estimates, brochures, bills, construction plans, and other related materials. This series is arranged alphabetically.","This series relates to Captain Samuel Davis, a ship's captain, citizen of Norfolk, Virginia, and an ancestor of Alice Jaffe. The series is broken into two sub-series: A. Correspondence and B. Legal Documents.","This sub-series contains correspondence regarding U.S. trade with Britain and France. Material is arranged chronologically and dates from 1810 to 1817.","This sub-series contains legal documents including a ship's roster for the American Barque Petersburg, a letter from the Collector of Norfolk requesting safe overseas passage for Captain Davis, and a document regarding the sale of a slave to Samuel Davis. Material is arranged chronologically, and dates from 1807 to 1810.","This series contains a booklet with a compilation of articles and speeches by Alice Jaffe's husband, Louis Jaffe who was the editor for the Virginian Pilot from 1919 until his death in 1950. He won the Pulitzer Price for Editorial Writing in 1929 for An Unspeakable Act of Savagery, which condemned lynching. This compilation includes this editorial, and his other famous editorial The Baby Magnolia (1920). Other topics include: the press, the Virginian Pilot, Norfolk, anti-lynching laws and race relations, and introductions of speakers such as Robert Frost, World War II.","This series contains a birthday card with an illustrated map of Virginia, a portrait of the presentation of the Norfolk Mace to the Corporation of Norfolk by Robert Dinwiddie, Governor of Virginia in 1754, and sheet music from the records of the ODU School of Arts and Letters. Material is arranged alphabetically."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8273bab22ab9e1347b5788ed21502631\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eIncludes assorted reports, newspaper articles and correspondence, etc. relating to Hampton Roads history and Old Dominion University's early history as Norfolk Division of William and Mary College. Contains material from Jaffe's family including her husband, journalist Louis I. Jaffe, her father, Colonel Henry Rice and ancestor, Captain Samuel Davis.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Includes assorted reports, newspaper articles and correspondence, etc. relating to Hampton Roads history and Old Dominion University's early history as Norfolk Division of William and Mary College. Contains material from Jaffe's family including her husband, journalist Louis I. Jaffe, her father, Colonel Henry Rice and ancestor, Captain Samuel Davis."],"names_coll_ssim":["Old Dominion University. Department of Art","Norfolk College of William and Mary","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Jaffe, Louis I.(Louis Isaac) (1888-1950)","Webb, Louis","Rice, Henry","Davis, Samuel"],"names_ssim":["ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University. Department of Art","Norfolk College of William and Mary","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Jaffe, Alice Rice (1888-1950)","Jaffe, Louis I.(Louis Isaac) (1888-1950)","Webb, Louis","Rice, Henry","Davis, Samuel"],"corpname_ssim":["ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University. Department of Art","Norfolk College of William and Mary","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division"],"persname_ssim":["Jaffe, Alice Rice (1888-1950)","Jaffe, Louis I.(Louis Isaac) (1888-1950)","Webb, Louis","Rice, Henry","Davis, Samuel"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":41,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T20:26:30.763Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_261","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_261","_root_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_261","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_261","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_3_resources_261.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/3/resources/261","title_filing_ssi":"Jaffe, Alice Rice","title_ssm":["Alice Rice Jaffe Papers"],"title_tesim":["Alice Rice Jaffe Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1807-1950, undated","1919-1950","Date acquired: 06/01/1977"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1919-1950"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1807-1950, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 06/01/1977"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG 17-2B1","/repositories/3/resources/261"],"text":["RG 17-2B1","/repositories/3/resources/261","Alice Rice Jaffe Papers","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Old Dominion University--Faculty","Ship captains","Open to researchers without restrictions.","Additional accessions made in March 1980 and May 1981.","The collection is organized into five series: Series I: Norfolk Division of William and Mary; Series II: Col. Henry Rice; Series III: Captain Samuel Davis; Series IV: Louis I. Jaffe; Series V: Miscellaneous.","Alice Rice Jaffe was an art teacher at Old Dominion College/Old Dominion University in the 1960s and 1970s. Jaffe received her A.B. from Vassar College. She was married to the late Louis I. Jaffe, editor of the Virginian Pilot from 1919 to 1950.","Note written by Special Collections Staff","The material in this collection relates to people in Alice Jaffe's life, rather than to Alice Jaffe personally. These persons include: Louis I. Jaffe, her husband and editor of the Virginian-Pilot from 1919 to 1950; Colonel Henry Rice, her father; and Captain Samuel Davis, an ancestor and ship's captain. A part of the collection includes materials on the first two decades of growth of the Norfolk Division of William and Mary which later became Old Dominion College and then Old Dominion University.","This series includes correspondence, reports, newspaper clippings, and brochures regarding the early formation and growth of the Norfolk Division of the College of William and Mary from 1938 to 1948. Many of the documents are addressed to or copied to Mr. Louis Jaffe, Alice Jaffe's husband and editor of the Virginian Pilot at the time. Materials are arranged chronologically.","This series relates to the building of a house for year round occupancy at Virginia Beach in 1936 by Alice Jaffe's father, Col. Henry Rice. Included are price estimates, brochures, bills, construction plans, and other related materials. This series is arranged alphabetically.","This series relates to Captain Samuel Davis, a ship's captain, citizen of Norfolk, Virginia, and an ancestor of Alice Jaffe. The series is broken into two sub-series: A. Correspondence and B. Legal Documents.","This sub-series contains correspondence regarding U.S. trade with Britain and France. Material is arranged chronologically and dates from 1810 to 1817.","This sub-series contains legal documents including a ship's roster for the American Barque Petersburg, a letter from the Collector of Norfolk requesting safe overseas passage for Captain Davis, and a document regarding the sale of a slave to Samuel Davis. Material is arranged chronologically, and dates from 1807 to 1810.","This series contains a booklet with a compilation of articles and speeches by Alice Jaffe's husband, Louis Jaffe who was the editor for the Virginian Pilot from 1919 until his death in 1950. He won the Pulitzer Price for Editorial Writing in 1929 for An Unspeakable Act of Savagery, which condemned lynching. This compilation includes this editorial, and his other famous editorial The Baby Magnolia (1920). Other topics include: the press, the Virginian Pilot, Norfolk, anti-lynching laws and race relations, and introductions of speakers such as Robert Frost, World War II.","This series contains a birthday card with an illustrated map of Virginia, a portrait of the presentation of the Norfolk Mace to the Corporation of Norfolk by Robert Dinwiddie, Governor of Virginia in 1754, and sheet music from the records of the ODU School of Arts and Letters. Material is arranged alphabetically.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Includes assorted reports, newspaper articles and correspondence, etc. relating to Hampton Roads history and Old Dominion University's early history as Norfolk Division of William and Mary College. Contains material from Jaffe's family including her husband, journalist Louis I. Jaffe, her father, Colonel Henry Rice and ancestor, Captain Samuel Davis.","ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University. Department of Art","Norfolk College of William and Mary","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Jaffe, Alice Rice (1888-1950)","Jaffe, Louis I.(Louis Isaac) (1888-1950)","Webb, Louis","Rice, Henry","Davis, Samuel","English"],"unitid_tesim":["RG 17-2B1","/repositories/3/resources/261"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alice Rice Jaffe Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alice Rice Jaffe Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Alice Rice Jaffe Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Jaffe, Alice Rice (1888-1950)"],"creator_ssim":["Jaffe, Alice Rice (1888-1950)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Jaffe, Alice Rice (1888-1950)"],"creators_ssim":["Jaffe, Alice Rice (1888-1950)"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Alice R. Jaffe","Gift. Accession #A77-41"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Old Dominion University--Faculty","Ship captains"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Old Dominion University--Faculty","Ship captains"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.80 Linear Feet","2 Hollinger document cases boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.80 Linear Feet","2 Hollinger document cases boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1977],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional accessions made in March 1980 and May 1981.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals and Additions"],"accruals_tesim":["Additional accessions made in March 1980 and May 1981."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into five series: Series I: Norfolk Division of William and Mary; Series II: Col. Henry Rice; Series III: Captain Samuel Davis; Series IV: Louis I. Jaffe; Series V: Miscellaneous.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into five series: Series I: Norfolk Division of William and Mary; Series II: Col. Henry Rice; Series III: Captain Samuel Davis; Series IV: Louis I. Jaffe; Series V: Miscellaneous."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlice Rice Jaffe was an art teacher at Old Dominion College/Old Dominion University in the 1960s and 1970s. Jaffe received her A.B. from Vassar College. She was married to the late Louis I. Jaffe, editor of the Virginian Pilot from 1919 to 1950.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Special Collections Staff\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Alice Rice Jaffe was an art teacher at Old Dominion College/Old Dominion University in the 1960s and 1970s. Jaffe received her A.B. from Vassar College. She was married to the late Louis I. Jaffe, editor of the Virginian Pilot from 1919 to 1950.","Note written by Special Collections Staff"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 1, Pamphlet: \"Some Facts about The Norfolk Division, College of William and Mary, and its Services to Parent College and Community\", 1938, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 2, Miscellaneous News Articles on William and Mary, 1939, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 3, Letter from Public Welfare Director H. G. Parker to Louis Jaffe, William D. Fawcett, and Col. James Mann, 1941 April 29, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 4, Letter from City Manager Charles B. Borland to Norfolk Council President Joseph D. Wood, with Attached Copy of Committee Report, 1941, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 5, Report of Charles J. Duke, Jr. to President John Stewart Bryan of the College of William and Mary, 1941 September 5, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 6, Booklet: \"Programs for Training the High School Graduate in Skills Valuable in Time of War,\" Norfolk Division, 1942 January, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 7, Letter from Charles J. Duke, Jr. to Louis I. Jaffe, February 18, 1942, with Accompanying Report of Mr. Duke to President John Stewart Bryan of the College of William and Mary, 1942 February 5, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 8, News Release on the Establishment of a Vocational School at the Norfolk Division, 1944 October 1, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 9, News Release on Appointment of Lewis Webb as Director of the Norfolk Division, 1946 May 27, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 10, Memorandum on the Progress of the Norfolk Division Since June 1941, Presented to the Board of Visitors, 1946 June 4, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 11, Letter from Charles Duke to Governor William Tuck Regarding the Consolidation of the Educational Facilities of the St. Helena Extension and the Norfolk Division, 1948 March 22, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 12, Report of Committee to Study Extensions, to the Rector and The Board of Visitors, College of William and Mary, undated, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 13, Bulletin of Present Facilities and Plans for Future Development, Norfolk Division of the College of William and Mary and Virginia Polytechnic Institute, undated, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 14, Construction Papers--Brochures, 1936, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 15, Construction Papers--Materials, 1936, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 16, Construction Papers--Methods of Construction and Plans, 1936, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 17, Construction Papers--Price Estimates and Bills, 1936, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 1, Correspondence--Captain Samuel Davis, 1810, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 2, Correspondence--Captain Samuel Davis, 1815, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 3, Correspondence--Captain Samuel Davis, 1817, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 4, Sale of Slave to Samuel Davis, 1807 September 22, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 5, Letter from the Collector of Norfolk Requesting Safe Overseas Passage for Captain Samuel Davis, 1809 January 14, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 6, Ship's Roster for the American Barque Petersburg, 1810 March 8, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 7, Articles and Speeches by Louis I. Jaffe, Editor, Norfolk Virginian-Pilot, 1919-1950, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 8, Birthday Card with Illustration of the Map of Virginia, undated, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 9, Photo of Norfolk Mace, 1938, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 10, Sheet Music Covers, undated, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 11, Sheet Music, undated, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 1, Pamphlet: \"Some Facts about The Norfolk Division, College of William and Mary, and its Services to Parent College and Community\", 1938, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 2, Miscellaneous News Articles on William and Mary, 1939, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 3, Letter from Public Welfare Director H. G. Parker to Louis Jaffe, William D. Fawcett, and Col. James Mann, 1941 April 29, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 4, Letter from City Manager Charles B. Borland to Norfolk Council President Joseph D. Wood, with Attached Copy of Committee Report, 1941, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 5, Report of Charles J. Duke, Jr. to President John Stewart Bryan of the College of William and Mary, 1941 September 5, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 6, Booklet: \"Programs for Training the High School Graduate in Skills Valuable in Time of War,\" Norfolk Division, 1942 January, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 7, Letter from Charles J. Duke, Jr. to Louis I. Jaffe, February 18, 1942, with Accompanying Report of Mr. Duke to President John Stewart Bryan of the College of William and Mary, 1942 February 5, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 8, News Release on the Establishment of a Vocational School at the Norfolk Division, 1944 October 1, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 9, News Release on Appointment of Lewis Webb as Director of the Norfolk Division, 1946 May 27, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 10, Memorandum on the Progress of the Norfolk Division Since June 1941, Presented to the Board of Visitors, 1946 June 4, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 11, Letter from Charles Duke to Governor William Tuck Regarding the Consolidation of the Educational Facilities of the St. Helena Extension and the Norfolk Division, 1948 March 22, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 12, Report of Committee to Study Extensions, to the Rector and The Board of Visitors, College of William and Mary, undated, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 13, Bulletin of Present Facilities and Plans for Future Development, Norfolk Division of the College of William and Mary and Virginia Polytechnic Institute, undated, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 14, Construction Papers--Brochures, 1936, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 15, Construction Papers--Materials, 1936, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 16, Construction Papers--Methods of Construction and Plans, 1936, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 17, Construction Papers--Price Estimates and Bills, 1936, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 1, Correspondence--Captain Samuel Davis, 1810, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 2, Correspondence--Captain Samuel Davis, 1815, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 3, Correspondence--Captain Samuel Davis, 1817, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 4, Sale of Slave to Samuel Davis, 1807 September 22, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 5, Letter from the Collector of Norfolk Requesting Safe Overseas Passage for Captain Samuel Davis, 1809 January 14, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 6, Ship's Roster for the American Barque Petersburg, 1810 March 8, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 7, Articles and Speeches by Louis I. Jaffe, Editor, Norfolk Virginian-Pilot, 1919-1950, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 8, Birthday Card with Illustration of the Map of Virginia, undated, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 9, Photo of Norfolk Mace, 1938, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 10, Sheet Music Covers, undated, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.","[Identification of item and date], Box 2, Folder 11, Sheet Music, undated, Alice Rice Jaffe Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe material in this collection relates to people in Alice Jaffe's life, rather than to Alice Jaffe personally. These persons include: Louis I. Jaffe, her husband and editor of the Virginian-Pilot from 1919 to 1950; Colonel Henry Rice, her father; and Captain Samuel Davis, an ancestor and ship's captain. A part of the collection includes materials on the first two decades of growth of the Norfolk Division of William and Mary which later became Old Dominion College and then Old Dominion University.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes correspondence, reports, newspaper clippings, and brochures regarding the early formation and growth of the Norfolk Division of the College of William and Mary from 1938 to 1948. Many of the documents are addressed to or copied to Mr. Louis Jaffe, Alice Jaffe's husband and editor of the Virginian Pilot at the time. Materials are arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series relates to the building of a house for year round occupancy at Virginia Beach in 1936 by Alice Jaffe's father, Col. Henry Rice. Included are price estimates, brochures, bills, construction plans, and other related materials. This series is arranged alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series relates to Captain Samuel Davis, a ship's captain, citizen of Norfolk, Virginia, and an ancestor of Alice Jaffe. The series is broken into two sub-series: A. Correspondence and B. Legal Documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains correspondence regarding U.S. trade with Britain and France. Material is arranged chronologically and dates from 1810 to 1817.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains legal documents including a ship's roster for the American Barque Petersburg, a letter from the Collector of Norfolk requesting safe overseas passage for Captain Davis, and a document regarding the sale of a slave to Samuel Davis. Material is arranged chronologically, and dates from 1807 to 1810.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains a booklet with a compilation of articles and speeches by Alice Jaffe's husband, Louis Jaffe who was the editor for the Virginian Pilot from 1919 until his death in 1950. He won the Pulitzer Price for Editorial Writing in 1929 for An Unspeakable Act of Savagery, which condemned lynching. This compilation includes this editorial, and his other famous editorial The Baby Magnolia (1920). Other topics include: the press, the Virginian Pilot, Norfolk, anti-lynching laws and race relations, and introductions of speakers such as Robert Frost, World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains a birthday card with an illustrated map of Virginia, a portrait of the presentation of the Norfolk Mace to the Corporation of Norfolk by Robert Dinwiddie, Governor of Virginia in 1754, and sheet music from the records of the ODU School of Arts and Letters. Material is arranged alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The material in this collection relates to people in Alice Jaffe's life, rather than to Alice Jaffe personally. These persons include: Louis I. Jaffe, her husband and editor of the Virginian-Pilot from 1919 to 1950; Colonel Henry Rice, her father; and Captain Samuel Davis, an ancestor and ship's captain. A part of the collection includes materials on the first two decades of growth of the Norfolk Division of William and Mary which later became Old Dominion College and then Old Dominion University.","This series includes correspondence, reports, newspaper clippings, and brochures regarding the early formation and growth of the Norfolk Division of the College of William and Mary from 1938 to 1948. Many of the documents are addressed to or copied to Mr. Louis Jaffe, Alice Jaffe's husband and editor of the Virginian Pilot at the time. Materials are arranged chronologically.","This series relates to the building of a house for year round occupancy at Virginia Beach in 1936 by Alice Jaffe's father, Col. Henry Rice. Included are price estimates, brochures, bills, construction plans, and other related materials. This series is arranged alphabetically.","This series relates to Captain Samuel Davis, a ship's captain, citizen of Norfolk, Virginia, and an ancestor of Alice Jaffe. The series is broken into two sub-series: A. Correspondence and B. Legal Documents.","This sub-series contains correspondence regarding U.S. trade with Britain and France. Material is arranged chronologically and dates from 1810 to 1817.","This sub-series contains legal documents including a ship's roster for the American Barque Petersburg, a letter from the Collector of Norfolk requesting safe overseas passage for Captain Davis, and a document regarding the sale of a slave to Samuel Davis. Material is arranged chronologically, and dates from 1807 to 1810.","This series contains a booklet with a compilation of articles and speeches by Alice Jaffe's husband, Louis Jaffe who was the editor for the Virginian Pilot from 1919 until his death in 1950. He won the Pulitzer Price for Editorial Writing in 1929 for An Unspeakable Act of Savagery, which condemned lynching. This compilation includes this editorial, and his other famous editorial The Baby Magnolia (1920). Other topics include: the press, the Virginian Pilot, Norfolk, anti-lynching laws and race relations, and introductions of speakers such as Robert Frost, World War II.","This series contains a birthday card with an illustrated map of Virginia, a portrait of the presentation of the Norfolk Mace to the Corporation of Norfolk by Robert Dinwiddie, Governor of Virginia in 1754, and sheet music from the records of the ODU School of Arts and Letters. Material is arranged alphabetically."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8273bab22ab9e1347b5788ed21502631\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eIncludes assorted reports, newspaper articles and correspondence, etc. relating to Hampton Roads history and Old Dominion University's early history as Norfolk Division of William and Mary College. Contains material from Jaffe's family including her husband, journalist Louis I. Jaffe, her father, Colonel Henry Rice and ancestor, Captain Samuel Davis.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Includes assorted reports, newspaper articles and correspondence, etc. relating to Hampton Roads history and Old Dominion University's early history as Norfolk Division of William and Mary College. Contains material from Jaffe's family including her husband, journalist Louis I. Jaffe, her father, Colonel Henry Rice and ancestor, Captain Samuel Davis."],"names_coll_ssim":["Old Dominion University. Department of Art","Norfolk College of William and Mary","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Jaffe, Louis I.(Louis Isaac) (1888-1950)","Webb, Louis","Rice, Henry","Davis, Samuel"],"names_ssim":["ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University. Department of Art","Norfolk College of William and Mary","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Jaffe, Alice Rice (1888-1950)","Jaffe, Louis I.(Louis Isaac) (1888-1950)","Webb, Louis","Rice, Henry","Davis, Samuel"],"corpname_ssim":["ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University. Department of Art","Norfolk College of William and Mary","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division"],"persname_ssim":["Jaffe, Alice Rice (1888-1950)","Jaffe, Louis I.(Louis Isaac) (1888-1950)","Webb, Louis","Rice, Henry","Davis, Samuel"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":41,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T20:26:30.763Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_3_resources_261"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6152","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Allen Family Papers","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6152#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Allen family","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6152#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Personal and business correspondence, legal papers, ledgers, family records, and other papers of the Allen family of Moorefield, Hardy County, West Virginia. Also includes papers of members of the Barr, Weibley, Taylor, and Gamble families. The majority of the collection includes personal and business correspondence, legal papers, and financial records of Judge James W.F. Allen (1813/12/03 - 1875/07/16), a Hardy County lawyer, Jacksonian Democrat, and Circuit Court Judge in Hardy and Grant Counties (active ca. 1852-1865, 1872-1875). Also includes the papers of Allen's second wife, Caroline Williams Allen (d. 1907), several of Allen's children, and other related people, and a large group of 19th century advertising memorabilia. See Scope and Content Note for more information.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6152#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6152","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6152","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6152","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6152","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_6152.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/199106","title_ssm":["Allen Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Allen Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1766-1933 and undated","1833-1933"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1766-1933 and undated","1833-1933"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 2257","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6152"],"text":["A\u0026M 2257","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6152","Allen Family Papers","Kansas","Moorefield \u0026 Allegheny Turnpike.","Advertising","Civil War -- Confederate Army","Diaries and journals.","Judges - letters and papers.","Slaves and slavery.","Spiritual Philosophy.","Turnpikes.","Westward immigration","Women authors -- Diaries","Women","No special access restriction applies.","Personal and business correspondence, legal papers, ledgers, family records, and other papers of the Allen family of Moorefield, Hardy County, West Virginia. Also includes papers of members of the Barr, Weibley, Taylor, and Gamble families. The majority of the collection includes personal and business correspondence , legal papers, and financial records of Judge James W.F. Allen (December 2, 1813 - July 16, 1875), a Hardy County lawyer, Jacksonian Democrat, and Circuit Court Judge in Hardy and Grant Counties (active ca. 1852-1865, 1872-1875). Disbarred because of Confederate sympathies, Allen regained bench in 1872. The collection also includes the papers of Allen's second wife, Caroline Williams Allen (d. 1907); son and merchant Franklin Page Allen (b. 1860); daughter Eleanor Boyd Allen (b. 1866); daughter and teacher Marie Annette Allen (b. 1841); daughter and teacher Mary E. Allen (b. 1857); and son Paul Allen. There is also business correspondence, legal papers, and financial records of Alfred Taylor, a leather worker and dealer in Moorefield; letters to Charity Johnson, a black \"mammy,\" from her charges; correspondence and diaries of Mrs. Sophie Weibley, wife of a Kansas frontier doctor; and a large group of 19th century advertising memorabilia. The collection is divided into series, which include:","Series 1. Judge James W. F. Allen Papers (1st); 1766-1876, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 1-20. \nSeries 2. Judge James W. F. Allen Papers (2nd); ca. 1830s-1880s; boxes 1-26. \nSeries 3. Caroline W. Allen Papers; 1848-1907, undated; boxes 1-6. \nSeries 4. Frank P. Allen Papers; 1878-1932, undated; boxes 1-6. \nSeries 5. Eleanor Boyd Allen Papers; 1878-1933, undated; boxes 1-7. \nSeries 6. Alfred Taylor Papers; 1828-1889, undated; boxes 1-4. \nSeries 7. Papers of Various Persons; 1833-1932, undated; boxes 1-4. \nSeries 8. Ledgers; undated; boxes 1-2 and 8 loose ledgers.","This series includes correspondence, legal papers, business advertising, financial records, and miscellaneous material. Additional correspondence involving Judge Allen can be found in Series 2.","Please note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).","This series includes Judge Allen's correspondence dealing with business and politics, as well as some legal papers. For folder-level index, see the control folder. Letters are indexed through folder 48; from folder 49 on, business letters are not indexed and political letters are indexed.","This series includes correspondence and other miscellaneous papers of Judge Allen's second wife, Caroline Williams Allen.","Please note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).","This series includes personal correspondence, business correspondence, and bills and receipts of Judge Allen's son, Franklin Page Allen.","Please note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).","This series includes correspondence, financial records, legal papers, and other miscellaneous papers of Judge Allen's daughter, Eleanor Boyd Allen.","Please note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).","This series includes business and personal correspondence, deeds and proclamations, receipts and contracts for slaves, and other financial records.","Please note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).","This series includes papers of various children and relatives of Judge Allen. Some papers may relate to the family of his first wife, Ann Caroline Gamble (married in 1840, died in 1845). Also included are papers of Dr. and Mrs. Sophie Weibly, whose diary can be found in the collection; and letters to Charity Johnson, a black \"mammy\" or domestic servant of the Allen family. This series also includes two addenda, which include papers of John A. Olson pertaining to genealogy of the Allen family and the allied Barr family, especially Ted Barr; papers of Judge Allen; and typescripts of some of the Allen family correspondence.","Please note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).","This series includes ledgers pertaining to Allen's family and others.","Please note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).","For list of separated newspapers, see control folder.","Land Grant Signed by President James Buchanan, May 2, 1860, has been separated to A\u0026M 435. Photocopy remains in collection.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Personal and business correspondence, legal papers, ledgers, family records, and other papers of the Allen family of Moorefield, Hardy County, West Virginia. Also includes papers of members of the Barr, Weibley, Taylor, and Gamble families. The majority of the collection includes personal and business correspondence, legal papers, and financial records of Judge James W.F. Allen (1813/12/03 - 1875/07/16), a Hardy County lawyer, Jacksonian Democrat, and Circuit Court Judge in Hardy and Grant Counties (active ca. 1852-1865, 1872-1875). Also includes the papers of Allen's second wife, Caroline Williams Allen (d. 1907), several of Allen's children, and other related people, and a large group of 19th century advertising memorabilia. See Scope and Content Note for more information.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Allen family","Allen, Caroline.","Allen, Eleanor Boyd.","Allen, Frank.","Allen, James W. F., 1813-1875.","Sions, Job.","Taylor, Alfred.","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 2257","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6152"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Allen Family Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Allen Family Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Allen Family Papers"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Kansas","Moorefield \u0026 Allegheny Turnpike."],"geogname_ssim":["Kansas","Moorefield \u0026 Allegheny Turnpike."],"creator_ssm":["Allen family"],"creator_ssim":["Allen family"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Allen family"],"creators_ssim":["Allen family"],"places_ssim":["Kansas","Moorefield \u0026 Allegheny Turnpike."],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Advertising","Civil War -- Confederate Army","Diaries and journals.","Judges - letters and papers.","Slaves and slavery.","Spiritual Philosophy.","Turnpikes.","Westward immigration","Women authors -- Diaries","Women"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Advertising","Civil War -- Confederate Army","Diaries and journals.","Judges - letters and papers.","Slaves and slavery.","Spiritual Philosophy.","Turnpikes.","Westward immigration","Women authors -- Diaries","Women"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["31 Linear Feet 31 ft. (72 document cases, 5 in. each); (8 unboxed ledgers, 12 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["31 Linear Feet 31 ft. (72 document cases, 5 in. each); (8 unboxed ledgers, 12 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Allen Family Papers, A\u0026amp;M 2257, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Allen Family Papers, A\u0026M 2257, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePersonal and business correspondence, legal papers, ledgers, family records, and other papers of the Allen family of Moorefield, Hardy County, West Virginia. Also includes papers of members of the Barr, Weibley, Taylor, and Gamble families. The majority of the collection includes personal and business correspondence , legal papers, and financial records of Judge James W.F. Allen (December 2, 1813 - July 16, 1875), a Hardy County lawyer, Jacksonian Democrat, and Circuit Court Judge in Hardy and Grant Counties (active ca. 1852-1865, 1872-1875). Disbarred because of Confederate sympathies, Allen regained bench in 1872. The collection also includes the papers of Allen's second wife, Caroline Williams Allen (d. 1907); son and merchant Franklin Page Allen (b. 1860); daughter Eleanor Boyd Allen (b. 1866); daughter and teacher Marie Annette Allen (b. 1841); daughter and teacher Mary E. Allen (b. 1857); and son Paul Allen. There is also business correspondence, legal papers, and financial records of Alfred Taylor, a leather worker and dealer in Moorefield; letters to Charity Johnson, a black \"mammy,\" from her charges; correspondence and diaries of Mrs. Sophie Weibley, wife of a Kansas frontier doctor; and a large group of 19th century advertising memorabilia. The collection is divided into series, which include:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1. Judge James W. F. Allen Papers (1st); 1766-1876, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 1-20.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 2. Judge James W. F. Allen Papers (2nd); ca. 1830s-1880s; boxes 1-26.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 3. Caroline W. Allen Papers; 1848-1907, undated; boxes 1-6.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 4. Frank P. Allen Papers; 1878-1932, undated; boxes 1-6.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 5. Eleanor Boyd Allen Papers; 1878-1933, undated; boxes 1-7.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 6. Alfred Taylor Papers; 1828-1889, undated; boxes 1-4.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 7. Papers of Various Persons; 1833-1932, undated; boxes 1-4.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 8. Ledgers; undated; boxes 1-2 and 8 loose ledgers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes correspondence, legal papers, business advertising, financial records, and miscellaneous material. Additional correspondence involving Judge Allen can be found in Series 2.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePlease note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes Judge Allen's correspondence dealing with business and politics, as well as some legal papers. For folder-level index, see the control folder. Letters are indexed through folder 48; from folder 49 on, business letters are not indexed and political letters are indexed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes correspondence and other miscellaneous papers of Judge Allen's second wife, Caroline Williams Allen.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePlease note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes personal correspondence, business correspondence, and bills and receipts of Judge Allen's son, Franklin Page Allen.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePlease note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes correspondence, financial records, legal papers, and other miscellaneous papers of Judge Allen's daughter, Eleanor Boyd Allen.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePlease note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes business and personal correspondence, deeds and proclamations, receipts and contracts for slaves, and other financial records.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePlease note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes papers of various children and relatives of Judge Allen. Some papers may relate to the family of his first wife, Ann Caroline Gamble (married in 1840, died in 1845). Also included are papers of Dr. and Mrs. Sophie Weibly, whose diary can be found in the collection; and letters to Charity Johnson, a black \"mammy\" or domestic servant of the Allen family. This series also includes two addenda, which include papers of John A. Olson pertaining to genealogy of the Allen family and the allied Barr family, especially Ted Barr; papers of Judge Allen; and typescripts of some of the Allen family correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePlease note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes ledgers pertaining to Allen's family and others.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePlease note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Personal and business correspondence, legal papers, ledgers, family records, and other papers of the Allen family of Moorefield, Hardy County, West Virginia. Also includes papers of members of the Barr, Weibley, Taylor, and Gamble families. The majority of the collection includes personal and business correspondence , legal papers, and financial records of Judge James W.F. Allen (December 2, 1813 - July 16, 1875), a Hardy County lawyer, Jacksonian Democrat, and Circuit Court Judge in Hardy and Grant Counties (active ca. 1852-1865, 1872-1875). Disbarred because of Confederate sympathies, Allen regained bench in 1872. The collection also includes the papers of Allen's second wife, Caroline Williams Allen (d. 1907); son and merchant Franklin Page Allen (b. 1860); daughter Eleanor Boyd Allen (b. 1866); daughter and teacher Marie Annette Allen (b. 1841); daughter and teacher Mary E. Allen (b. 1857); and son Paul Allen. There is also business correspondence, legal papers, and financial records of Alfred Taylor, a leather worker and dealer in Moorefield; letters to Charity Johnson, a black \"mammy,\" from her charges; correspondence and diaries of Mrs. Sophie Weibley, wife of a Kansas frontier doctor; and a large group of 19th century advertising memorabilia. The collection is divided into series, which include:","Series 1. Judge James W. F. Allen Papers (1st); 1766-1876, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 1-20. \nSeries 2. Judge James W. F. Allen Papers (2nd); ca. 1830s-1880s; boxes 1-26. \nSeries 3. Caroline W. Allen Papers; 1848-1907, undated; boxes 1-6. \nSeries 4. Frank P. Allen Papers; 1878-1932, undated; boxes 1-6. \nSeries 5. Eleanor Boyd Allen Papers; 1878-1933, undated; boxes 1-7. \nSeries 6. Alfred Taylor Papers; 1828-1889, undated; boxes 1-4. \nSeries 7. Papers of Various Persons; 1833-1932, undated; boxes 1-4. \nSeries 8. Ledgers; undated; boxes 1-2 and 8 loose ledgers.","This series includes correspondence, legal papers, business advertising, financial records, and miscellaneous material. Additional correspondence involving Judge Allen can be found in Series 2.","Please note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).","This series includes Judge Allen's correspondence dealing with business and politics, as well as some legal papers. For folder-level index, see the control folder. Letters are indexed through folder 48; from folder 49 on, business letters are not indexed and political letters are indexed.","This series includes correspondence and other miscellaneous papers of Judge Allen's second wife, Caroline Williams Allen.","Please note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).","This series includes personal correspondence, business correspondence, and bills and receipts of Judge Allen's son, Franklin Page Allen.","Please note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).","This series includes correspondence, financial records, legal papers, and other miscellaneous papers of Judge Allen's daughter, Eleanor Boyd Allen.","Please note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).","This series includes business and personal correspondence, deeds and proclamations, receipts and contracts for slaves, and other financial records.","Please note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).","This series includes papers of various children and relatives of Judge Allen. Some papers may relate to the family of his first wife, Ann Caroline Gamble (married in 1840, died in 1845). Also included are papers of Dr. and Mrs. Sophie Weibly, whose diary can be found in the collection; and letters to Charity Johnson, a black \"mammy\" or domestic servant of the Allen family. This series also includes two addenda, which include papers of John A. Olson pertaining to genealogy of the Allen family and the allied Barr family, especially Ted Barr; papers of Judge Allen; and typescripts of some of the Allen family correspondence.","Please note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).","This series includes ledgers pertaining to Allen's family and others.","Please note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- )."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFor list of separated newspapers, see control folder.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLand Grant Signed by President James Buchanan, May 2, 1860, has been separated to A\u0026amp;M 435. Photocopy remains in collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["For list of separated newspapers, see control folder.","Land Grant Signed by President James Buchanan, May 2, 1860, has been separated to A\u0026M 435. Photocopy remains in collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_d4fecfc40515019a2b153084cceae2be\"\u003ePersonal and business correspondence, legal papers, ledgers, family records, and other papers of the Allen family of Moorefield, Hardy County, West Virginia. Also includes papers of members of the Barr, Weibley, Taylor, and Gamble families. The majority of the collection includes personal and business correspondence, legal papers, and financial records of Judge James W.F. Allen (1813/12/03 - 1875/07/16), a Hardy County lawyer, Jacksonian Democrat, and Circuit Court Judge in Hardy and Grant Counties (active ca. 1852-1865, 1872-1875). Also includes the papers of Allen's second wife, Caroline Williams Allen (d. 1907), several of Allen's children, and other related people, and a large group of 19th century advertising memorabilia. See Scope and Content Note for more information.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Personal and business correspondence, legal papers, ledgers, family records, and other papers of the Allen family of Moorefield, Hardy County, West Virginia. Also includes papers of members of the Barr, Weibley, Taylor, and Gamble families. The majority of the collection includes personal and business correspondence, legal papers, and financial records of Judge James W.F. Allen (1813/12/03 - 1875/07/16), a Hardy County lawyer, Jacksonian Democrat, and Circuit Court Judge in Hardy and Grant Counties (active ca. 1852-1865, 1872-1875). Also includes the papers of Allen's second wife, Caroline Williams Allen (d. 1907), several of Allen's children, and other related people, and a large group of 19th century advertising memorabilia. See Scope and Content Note for more information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_8d330cf266cd24897c55c2392b937e06\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Allen family","Allen, Caroline.","Allen, Eleanor Boyd.","Allen, Frank.","Allen, James W. F., 1813-1875.","Sions, Job.","Taylor, Alfred."],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"famname_ssim":["Allen family"],"names_coll_ssim":["Allen, Caroline.","Allen, Eleanor Boyd.","Allen, Frank.","Allen, James W. F., 1813-1875.","Sions, Job.","Taylor, Alfred."],"persname_ssim":["Allen, Caroline.","Allen, Eleanor Boyd.","Allen, Frank.","Allen, James W. F., 1813-1875.","Sions, Job.","Taylor, Alfred."],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":310,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T01:39:36.429Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6152","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6152","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6152","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6152","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_6152.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/199106","title_ssm":["Allen Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Allen Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1766-1933 and undated","1833-1933"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1766-1933 and undated","1833-1933"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 2257","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6152"],"text":["A\u0026M 2257","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6152","Allen Family Papers","Kansas","Moorefield \u0026 Allegheny Turnpike.","Advertising","Civil War -- Confederate Army","Diaries and journals.","Judges - letters and papers.","Slaves and slavery.","Spiritual Philosophy.","Turnpikes.","Westward immigration","Women authors -- Diaries","Women","No special access restriction applies.","Personal and business correspondence, legal papers, ledgers, family records, and other papers of the Allen family of Moorefield, Hardy County, West Virginia. Also includes papers of members of the Barr, Weibley, Taylor, and Gamble families. The majority of the collection includes personal and business correspondence , legal papers, and financial records of Judge James W.F. Allen (December 2, 1813 - July 16, 1875), a Hardy County lawyer, Jacksonian Democrat, and Circuit Court Judge in Hardy and Grant Counties (active ca. 1852-1865, 1872-1875). Disbarred because of Confederate sympathies, Allen regained bench in 1872. The collection also includes the papers of Allen's second wife, Caroline Williams Allen (d. 1907); son and merchant Franklin Page Allen (b. 1860); daughter Eleanor Boyd Allen (b. 1866); daughter and teacher Marie Annette Allen (b. 1841); daughter and teacher Mary E. Allen (b. 1857); and son Paul Allen. There is also business correspondence, legal papers, and financial records of Alfred Taylor, a leather worker and dealer in Moorefield; letters to Charity Johnson, a black \"mammy,\" from her charges; correspondence and diaries of Mrs. Sophie Weibley, wife of a Kansas frontier doctor; and a large group of 19th century advertising memorabilia. The collection is divided into series, which include:","Series 1. Judge James W. F. Allen Papers (1st); 1766-1876, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 1-20. \nSeries 2. Judge James W. F. Allen Papers (2nd); ca. 1830s-1880s; boxes 1-26. \nSeries 3. Caroline W. Allen Papers; 1848-1907, undated; boxes 1-6. \nSeries 4. Frank P. Allen Papers; 1878-1932, undated; boxes 1-6. \nSeries 5. Eleanor Boyd Allen Papers; 1878-1933, undated; boxes 1-7. \nSeries 6. Alfred Taylor Papers; 1828-1889, undated; boxes 1-4. \nSeries 7. Papers of Various Persons; 1833-1932, undated; boxes 1-4. \nSeries 8. Ledgers; undated; boxes 1-2 and 8 loose ledgers.","This series includes correspondence, legal papers, business advertising, financial records, and miscellaneous material. Additional correspondence involving Judge Allen can be found in Series 2.","Please note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).","This series includes Judge Allen's correspondence dealing with business and politics, as well as some legal papers. For folder-level index, see the control folder. Letters are indexed through folder 48; from folder 49 on, business letters are not indexed and political letters are indexed.","This series includes correspondence and other miscellaneous papers of Judge Allen's second wife, Caroline Williams Allen.","Please note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).","This series includes personal correspondence, business correspondence, and bills and receipts of Judge Allen's son, Franklin Page Allen.","Please note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).","This series includes correspondence, financial records, legal papers, and other miscellaneous papers of Judge Allen's daughter, Eleanor Boyd Allen.","Please note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).","This series includes business and personal correspondence, deeds and proclamations, receipts and contracts for slaves, and other financial records.","Please note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).","This series includes papers of various children and relatives of Judge Allen. Some papers may relate to the family of his first wife, Ann Caroline Gamble (married in 1840, died in 1845). Also included are papers of Dr. and Mrs. Sophie Weibly, whose diary can be found in the collection; and letters to Charity Johnson, a black \"mammy\" or domestic servant of the Allen family. This series also includes two addenda, which include papers of John A. Olson pertaining to genealogy of the Allen family and the allied Barr family, especially Ted Barr; papers of Judge Allen; and typescripts of some of the Allen family correspondence.","Please note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).","This series includes ledgers pertaining to Allen's family and others.","Please note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).","For list of separated newspapers, see control folder.","Land Grant Signed by President James Buchanan, May 2, 1860, has been separated to A\u0026M 435. Photocopy remains in collection.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Personal and business correspondence, legal papers, ledgers, family records, and other papers of the Allen family of Moorefield, Hardy County, West Virginia. Also includes papers of members of the Barr, Weibley, Taylor, and Gamble families. The majority of the collection includes personal and business correspondence, legal papers, and financial records of Judge James W.F. Allen (1813/12/03 - 1875/07/16), a Hardy County lawyer, Jacksonian Democrat, and Circuit Court Judge in Hardy and Grant Counties (active ca. 1852-1865, 1872-1875). Also includes the papers of Allen's second wife, Caroline Williams Allen (d. 1907), several of Allen's children, and other related people, and a large group of 19th century advertising memorabilia. See Scope and Content Note for more information.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Allen family","Allen, Caroline.","Allen, Eleanor Boyd.","Allen, Frank.","Allen, James W. F., 1813-1875.","Sions, Job.","Taylor, Alfred.","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 2257","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6152"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Allen Family Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Allen Family Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Allen Family Papers"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Kansas","Moorefield \u0026 Allegheny Turnpike."],"geogname_ssim":["Kansas","Moorefield \u0026 Allegheny Turnpike."],"creator_ssm":["Allen family"],"creator_ssim":["Allen family"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Allen family"],"creators_ssim":["Allen family"],"places_ssim":["Kansas","Moorefield \u0026 Allegheny Turnpike."],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Advertising","Civil War -- Confederate Army","Diaries and journals.","Judges - letters and papers.","Slaves and slavery.","Spiritual Philosophy.","Turnpikes.","Westward immigration","Women authors -- Diaries","Women"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Advertising","Civil War -- Confederate Army","Diaries and journals.","Judges - letters and papers.","Slaves and slavery.","Spiritual Philosophy.","Turnpikes.","Westward immigration","Women authors -- Diaries","Women"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["31 Linear Feet 31 ft. (72 document cases, 5 in. each); (8 unboxed ledgers, 12 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["31 Linear Feet 31 ft. (72 document cases, 5 in. each); (8 unboxed ledgers, 12 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Allen Family Papers, A\u0026amp;M 2257, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Allen Family Papers, A\u0026M 2257, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePersonal and business correspondence, legal papers, ledgers, family records, and other papers of the Allen family of Moorefield, Hardy County, West Virginia. Also includes papers of members of the Barr, Weibley, Taylor, and Gamble families. The majority of the collection includes personal and business correspondence , legal papers, and financial records of Judge James W.F. Allen (December 2, 1813 - July 16, 1875), a Hardy County lawyer, Jacksonian Democrat, and Circuit Court Judge in Hardy and Grant Counties (active ca. 1852-1865, 1872-1875). Disbarred because of Confederate sympathies, Allen regained bench in 1872. The collection also includes the papers of Allen's second wife, Caroline Williams Allen (d. 1907); son and merchant Franklin Page Allen (b. 1860); daughter Eleanor Boyd Allen (b. 1866); daughter and teacher Marie Annette Allen (b. 1841); daughter and teacher Mary E. Allen (b. 1857); and son Paul Allen. There is also business correspondence, legal papers, and financial records of Alfred Taylor, a leather worker and dealer in Moorefield; letters to Charity Johnson, a black \"mammy,\" from her charges; correspondence and diaries of Mrs. Sophie Weibley, wife of a Kansas frontier doctor; and a large group of 19th century advertising memorabilia. The collection is divided into series, which include:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1. Judge James W. F. Allen Papers (1st); 1766-1876, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 1-20.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 2. Judge James W. F. Allen Papers (2nd); ca. 1830s-1880s; boxes 1-26.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 3. Caroline W. Allen Papers; 1848-1907, undated; boxes 1-6.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 4. Frank P. Allen Papers; 1878-1932, undated; boxes 1-6.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 5. Eleanor Boyd Allen Papers; 1878-1933, undated; boxes 1-7.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 6. Alfred Taylor Papers; 1828-1889, undated; boxes 1-4.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 7. Papers of Various Persons; 1833-1932, undated; boxes 1-4.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 8. Ledgers; undated; boxes 1-2 and 8 loose ledgers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes correspondence, legal papers, business advertising, financial records, and miscellaneous material. Additional correspondence involving Judge Allen can be found in Series 2.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePlease note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes Judge Allen's correspondence dealing with business and politics, as well as some legal papers. For folder-level index, see the control folder. Letters are indexed through folder 48; from folder 49 on, business letters are not indexed and political letters are indexed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes correspondence and other miscellaneous papers of Judge Allen's second wife, Caroline Williams Allen.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePlease note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes personal correspondence, business correspondence, and bills and receipts of Judge Allen's son, Franklin Page Allen.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePlease note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes correspondence, financial records, legal papers, and other miscellaneous papers of Judge Allen's daughter, Eleanor Boyd Allen.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePlease note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes business and personal correspondence, deeds and proclamations, receipts and contracts for slaves, and other financial records.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePlease note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes papers of various children and relatives of Judge Allen. Some papers may relate to the family of his first wife, Ann Caroline Gamble (married in 1840, died in 1845). Also included are papers of Dr. and Mrs. Sophie Weibly, whose diary can be found in the collection; and letters to Charity Johnson, a black \"mammy\" or domestic servant of the Allen family. This series also includes two addenda, which include papers of John A. Olson pertaining to genealogy of the Allen family and the allied Barr family, especially Ted Barr; papers of Judge Allen; and typescripts of some of the Allen family correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePlease note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes ledgers pertaining to Allen's family and others.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePlease note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Personal and business correspondence, legal papers, ledgers, family records, and other papers of the Allen family of Moorefield, Hardy County, West Virginia. Also includes papers of members of the Barr, Weibley, Taylor, and Gamble families. The majority of the collection includes personal and business correspondence , legal papers, and financial records of Judge James W.F. Allen (December 2, 1813 - July 16, 1875), a Hardy County lawyer, Jacksonian Democrat, and Circuit Court Judge in Hardy and Grant Counties (active ca. 1852-1865, 1872-1875). Disbarred because of Confederate sympathies, Allen regained bench in 1872. The collection also includes the papers of Allen's second wife, Caroline Williams Allen (d. 1907); son and merchant Franklin Page Allen (b. 1860); daughter Eleanor Boyd Allen (b. 1866); daughter and teacher Marie Annette Allen (b. 1841); daughter and teacher Mary E. Allen (b. 1857); and son Paul Allen. There is also business correspondence, legal papers, and financial records of Alfred Taylor, a leather worker and dealer in Moorefield; letters to Charity Johnson, a black \"mammy,\" from her charges; correspondence and diaries of Mrs. Sophie Weibley, wife of a Kansas frontier doctor; and a large group of 19th century advertising memorabilia. The collection is divided into series, which include:","Series 1. Judge James W. F. Allen Papers (1st); 1766-1876, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 1-20. \nSeries 2. Judge James W. F. Allen Papers (2nd); ca. 1830s-1880s; boxes 1-26. \nSeries 3. Caroline W. Allen Papers; 1848-1907, undated; boxes 1-6. \nSeries 4. Frank P. Allen Papers; 1878-1932, undated; boxes 1-6. \nSeries 5. Eleanor Boyd Allen Papers; 1878-1933, undated; boxes 1-7. \nSeries 6. Alfred Taylor Papers; 1828-1889, undated; boxes 1-4. \nSeries 7. Papers of Various Persons; 1833-1932, undated; boxes 1-4. \nSeries 8. Ledgers; undated; boxes 1-2 and 8 loose ledgers.","This series includes correspondence, legal papers, business advertising, financial records, and miscellaneous material. Additional correspondence involving Judge Allen can be found in Series 2.","Please note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).","This series includes Judge Allen's correspondence dealing with business and politics, as well as some legal papers. For folder-level index, see the control folder. Letters are indexed through folder 48; from folder 49 on, business letters are not indexed and political letters are indexed.","This series includes correspondence and other miscellaneous papers of Judge Allen's second wife, Caroline Williams Allen.","Please note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).","This series includes personal correspondence, business correspondence, and bills and receipts of Judge Allen's son, Franklin Page Allen.","Please note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).","This series includes correspondence, financial records, legal papers, and other miscellaneous papers of Judge Allen's daughter, Eleanor Boyd Allen.","Please note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).","This series includes business and personal correspondence, deeds and proclamations, receipts and contracts for slaves, and other financial records.","Please note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).","This series includes papers of various children and relatives of Judge Allen. Some papers may relate to the family of his first wife, Ann Caroline Gamble (married in 1840, died in 1845). Also included are papers of Dr. and Mrs. Sophie Weibly, whose diary can be found in the collection; and letters to Charity Johnson, a black \"mammy\" or domestic servant of the Allen family. This series also includes two addenda, which include papers of John A. Olson pertaining to genealogy of the Allen family and the allied Barr family, especially Ted Barr; papers of Judge Allen; and typescripts of some of the Allen family correspondence.","Please note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- ).","This series includes ledgers pertaining to Allen's family and others.","Please note, some boxes did not have box titles, and some folders did not have folder titles. In cases where there is both a box and a folder title, they are separated with a double dash ( -- )."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFor list of separated newspapers, see control folder.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLand Grant Signed by President James Buchanan, May 2, 1860, has been separated to A\u0026amp;M 435. Photocopy remains in collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["For list of separated newspapers, see control folder.","Land Grant Signed by President James Buchanan, May 2, 1860, has been separated to A\u0026M 435. Photocopy remains in collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_d4fecfc40515019a2b153084cceae2be\"\u003ePersonal and business correspondence, legal papers, ledgers, family records, and other papers of the Allen family of Moorefield, Hardy County, West Virginia. Also includes papers of members of the Barr, Weibley, Taylor, and Gamble families. The majority of the collection includes personal and business correspondence, legal papers, and financial records of Judge James W.F. Allen (1813/12/03 - 1875/07/16), a Hardy County lawyer, Jacksonian Democrat, and Circuit Court Judge in Hardy and Grant Counties (active ca. 1852-1865, 1872-1875). Also includes the papers of Allen's second wife, Caroline Williams Allen (d. 1907), several of Allen's children, and other related people, and a large group of 19th century advertising memorabilia. See Scope and Content Note for more information.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Personal and business correspondence, legal papers, ledgers, family records, and other papers of the Allen family of Moorefield, Hardy County, West Virginia. Also includes papers of members of the Barr, Weibley, Taylor, and Gamble families. The majority of the collection includes personal and business correspondence, legal papers, and financial records of Judge James W.F. Allen (1813/12/03 - 1875/07/16), a Hardy County lawyer, Jacksonian Democrat, and Circuit Court Judge in Hardy and Grant Counties (active ca. 1852-1865, 1872-1875). Also includes the papers of Allen's second wife, Caroline Williams Allen (d. 1907), several of Allen's children, and other related people, and a large group of 19th century advertising memorabilia. See Scope and Content Note for more information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_8d330cf266cd24897c55c2392b937e06\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Allen family","Allen, Caroline.","Allen, Eleanor Boyd.","Allen, Frank.","Allen, James W. F., 1813-1875.","Sions, Job.","Taylor, Alfred."],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"famname_ssim":["Allen family"],"names_coll_ssim":["Allen, Caroline.","Allen, Eleanor Boyd.","Allen, Frank.","Allen, James W. F., 1813-1875.","Sions, Job.","Taylor, Alfred."],"persname_ssim":["Allen, Caroline.","Allen, Eleanor Boyd.","Allen, Frank.","Allen, James W. F., 1813-1875.","Sions, Job.","Taylor, Alfred."],"language_ssim":["English \n.    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Johnson Ledger."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":4,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:09:26.855Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_7295"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6226","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Ancella Bickley, Historian, Research Papers regarding African-Americans","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6226#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Bickley, Ancella R.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6226#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection documents the research, public service, and life of Ancella Bickley, writer, educator, speaker, and historian. Includes writings, research materials, and more, focusing on the history of African Americans in West Virginia and the black experience in West Virginia. Collected research materials are predominantly facsimiles. Printed formats include correspondence, clippings, interview transcripts, typescript writings, publications, pamphlets, ephemera, speeches, articles, military records, and more. Other formats include photographs, slides, and audiocassettes. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6226#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6226","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6226","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6226","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6226","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_6226.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/209044","title_ssm":["Ancella Bickley, Historian, Research Papers regarding African-Americans"],"title_tesim":["Ancella Bickley, Historian, Research Papers regarding African-Americans"],"unitdate_ssm":["1775-2018 (Includes facsimiles)","1970-2011"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1970-2011"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1775-2018 (Includes facsimiles)"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 4208","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6226"],"text":["A\u0026M 4208","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6226","Ancella Bickley, Historian, Research Papers regarding African-Americans","African American women","Slavery -- West Virginia","Education -- West Virginia","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","School integration -- West Virginia","Underground Railroad -- West Virginia","Underground Railroad -- Ohio","African American Churches -- West Virginia","African American teachers -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- Education -- West Virginia","African Americans -- Genealogy","West Virginia Feminist Activist and Women's History Collection","Requires signed form for box 1, folders 8, 16, and 17, since special access restriction applies due to PII.","Dr. Ancella Radford Bickley, author, historian, and educator, grew up in segregated Huntington, West Virginia, where she was born in 1930.  She graduated from Douglass High School in 1947 and went on to attend West Virginia State College, graduating magna cum laude in 1950 with a degree in English.  She was the first full time black student at Marshall University and received her master's degree in English in 1954.  She received her Ed.D. in English from West Virginia University in 1974.  Dr. Bickley was a teacher at all educational levels and was Vice-President for Academic Affairs at West Virginia State College where she retired in 1986.  She continued to research, write, and speak from her retirement home in Florida where she lived with her husband Nelson.  Some of her accolades include the Mountain State Bar Association's Distinguished Citizen Award, 1978; the National Education Association's The Carter G. Woodson Memorial Award, 1980; West Virginia Woman of the Year, 1984; the West Virginia State College Alumnus of the Year, 1988; and was a Rockefeller Foundation Scholar at Marshall University in 1999.","Dr. Bickley was a prolific speaker and in addtion to the speeches, she authored many stories, plays, and articles.  In 1997, she published  Our Mount Vernons  to identify sites significant to West Virginia black history.","With Lynda Ann Ewen, she co-edited  Memphis Tennessee Garrison: The Remarkable Story of a Black Appalachian Woman , published by Ohio University Press. She has written stories and articles for publications including West Virginia cultural magazine,  Goldenseal . She wrote a history of the West Virginia Schools for the Colored Deaf and Blind.","Bickley, Ancella Collection. Materials relating to African-American history including annual West Virginia Conferences on Black History, 1908-1996. 3 boxes. Ms2003-182, at the West Virginia State Archives.","Marshall University Oral History Collection, Accession Number 1973/01.0064, also includes the oral history transcripts in this collection's addendum of 2017/02/09.","This collection documents the research, public service, and life of Ancella Bickley, writer, educator, speaker, and historian. Includes writings, research materials, and more, focusing on the history of African Americans in West Virginia and the black experience in West Virginia. Collected research materials are predominantly facsimiles.  Printed formats include correspondence, clippings, interview transcripts, typescript writings, publications, pamphlets, ephemera, speeches, articles, military records, and more.  Other formats include photographs, slides, and audiocassettes. ","Subjects include Dr. Bickley's writings, which include plays, speeches, and short stories as well as her historical books, articles and other publications; collected materials from Dr. Bickley's historical research on the history of African Americans in West Virginia; and personal papers. Her research materials include papers grouped sometimes by county, sometimes by individual, sometimes by subject. Subjects of her research include slavery, education, churches, biography and genealogy, literature, and more.  Specific subjects include the Underground Railroad, James McHenry Jones, genealogy, Carter G. Woodson, Mollie Gabe, West Virginia Colored Institute/West Virginia State College, John W. Davis, black high schools, school integration, and more. Counties and their cities with specific focus include Cabell, Kanawha, and Jefferson.  Some documents treating slavery and the Underground Railroad include Ohio from which Cabell County blacks, including Bickley's ancestors, migrated.","Colleagues with whom she corresponded include Judith Stitzel, Nelson Barnett, Maureen Crockett (with whom she co-wrote at least one play), and many more. Of significance is correspondence between Carter G. Woodson and his sister, Bessie Woodson Yancey; and letters and a signed photo from Alex Haley.  ","Writings, research background, and drafts of Dr. Bickley's works found within the collection include:  Memphis Tennessee Garrison: The Remarkable Story of a Black Appalachian Woman , \"Midwifery in West Virginia\" (1990),  Honoring our Past: Proceedings of the First Two Conferences on West Virginia's Black History ,  History of the West Virginia State Teachers' Association  (1979),  In Spite of Obstacles: a History of the West Virginia Schools for the Colored Deaf and Blind, 1926-1955 ,  Our Mount Vernons: historic register listings of sites significant to the Black history of West Virginia , a short story collection \"Turn Left at the Desert,\"  ... to be black in Fayette , and plays:  Two Saint Say ,  Mother Love ,  Tangled Threads  (with Maureen Crockett),  Wade in the Water , and seven  Goldenseal  articles. \nGrant applications and other documents pertaining to her work with the Humanities Council of West Virginia are included in the collection. Other documents describe her work with the Kanawha County Board of Education, EcoTheater, Berea College's Black Mountain Youth Leadership program, and various professional organizations.   \nPersonal papers include material about her husband Nelson R. Bickley and his military career, diplomas, transcripts, photographs of a party she held, and more. ","Addendum of 2017/02/09 (boxes 11 and 12) includes papers of Dr. Ancella R. Bickley, with a few papers of her daughter Ancella Livers. Formats include interview transcripts, correspondence, clippings, typescript writings, publications, cassettes, and more. Most of these materials are transcripts of oral histories pertaining to a collaborative project undertaken by Dr. Bickley and Dr. Rita Wicks-Nelson about black teachers and their memories of school integration in West Virginia in affiliation with the Center for the Study of Ethnicity and Gender in Appalachia at Marshall University.","Abbreviations used in the Contents List: \nAB - Ancella Bickley \nWVSC - West Virginia State College \nNB - Nelson Bickley \nMTG - Memphis Tennessee Garrison \nJMJ - J. McHenry Jones \nNEA - National Education Association \nNCTE - National Council of Teachers of English \nMo So Lit Club - Matrons and Maids Social and Literary Club, McDowell County, WV \nUGRR - Underground Railroad \nMU - Marshall University \nWVU - West Virginia University \nCGW - Carter G. Woodson \nRW-N  - Rita Wicks-Nelson","Includes civic and academic awards and honors, as well as academic milestones such as graduation and Bickley's dissertation. This series includes materials on the celebration of Bickley's retirement from West Virginia State College.","Correspondence from Marshall University regarding AB's commencement address and honorary doctorate; notes of congratulations. Guest list. Photographs of AB delivering address and with others including Soupy Sales. Letter to editor regarding racism of highlighting photograph of Soupy Sales wiping a tear during AB's speech; newspaper clippings. Commencement program. AB's speech.","Honorary Doctorate","Army Commendation Medal (Second Oak Leaf Cluster). AB's Delta Sigma Rho-Tau Kappa Alpha, Hampton Institute, initiation certificate, May 1976","Attendance, reading, scholarships, and other certificates from elementary through college","AB transcript, 1951, from MU. Transcript, WVSC.","Program for the Fourteenth Annual NEA Human and Civil Rights Awards, 1980, when AB won The Carter G. Woodson Memorial Award. Correspondence regarding the award including 2 letters from John W. Davis.","Photograph of WVSC President Thomas Cole and Ancella Bickley at her retirement; labeled \"West Virginia State College, Commencement, May 17, 1986.\"","Master of Arts degree confirmation from Marshall University","Doctor of Education degree confirmation from West Virginia University","Certificate of Appreciation from the Kiwanis Club of Huntington","Note from WVU professor Armand [Singer] regarding missing retirement celebration","Newspaper clipping re: CGW. Photographs of AB and others after a speaking engagement in Fayette County. Service Award certificate from WVSC.","Letter from Maureen Crocket to the Director of the Appalachian Festival re: Tangled Threads. Letter of recommendation from AB for Dr. Elaine Ginsberg. \"Remarks Made upon the Presentation of the 1988 Humanities Award to Ancella Radford Bickley\" by Judith Stitzel. Letter of recommendation for Dr. Bernard L. Allen for the WVU Claude Worthington Benedum Distinguished Scholar Award. Congratulatory letter for appointment [at WVSC]. Request for letter of recommendation from Marc E. Washington at MU; confirmation of receipt of letter. Request for recommendation for Elaine Ginsberg, Trinity University; verification of receipt of letter. Letter of congratulations on retirement from George Parkinson; letter of regrets from Lawrence H. Talley, West Liberty.","Materials re: WV NAACP Harpers Ferry NHP, 1994, including photographs and text of speech. Congratulatory letter for receiving the Distinguished West Virginian Award, 1986. Thank you for copy of Honoring Our Past, 1992. Many other letters and notes re: service and speeches. Request to speak at the New Employment for Women Information \u0026 Referral Center in Logan about black history. Letter from Gaston Caperton, Governor, re: appointment to the Archives and History Commission, 1991. Thank you letter for contribution to Chandler Third Base, 1992. Certificate of recognition for Outstanding Service in Support of 1993 Douglass High School Reunion. Thank you for participating in the United Way Youth Advisory Council's Youth Forum, 1993. Thank you letter re: speech at naturalized citizens ceremony from John T. Copenhaver, 1992. Certificate of appreciation and other materials including a photo re: \"Read to Me\" Day, 1999. Newspaper article re: writing about the West Virginia Schools for the Colored Deaf and Blind and cards of congratulations. Kanawha County Schools Certificate of Recognition and Appreciation, 1991.","Letter of acknowledgement to deliver commencement address and receive an honorary doctorate at MU, 1990. Newspaper clipping and tribute to Minnie Wayne Cooper, 1989. Thank you letter to Matthew Kinsolving, Kanawha County Board of Education, for plaque, 1989. Typed text of \"Remarks Made upon the Presentation of the 1988 Humanities Award to Ancella Radford Bickley.\" Newspaper clipping and congratulatory letter re: WVSC Alumna of the Year, 1988. Letter withdrawing candidacy for the Kanawha County Board of Education, 1988. Thank you letter for receiving the Humanities Foundation Award, 1988; letter of congratulations from A. James Manchin; and Dee Caperton, House of Representatives. Letter of congratulations from Herman G. Canady, Jr., for appointment to Board of Education, 1988. Program for NAACP, Charleston Branch, Annual Freedom Fund Banquet, 1988, with AB as guest speaker. The Trumpet, West Liberty State College student newspaper, with article about AB's lecture on teaching black literature, November 28, 1973. Program, newspaper clipping, flyer, and certificate of recognition for the National Council of Jewish Women, West Virginia Section, Founder's Day, 1991. Correspondence re: speaking invitations, 1991-2001. Letters of thank you for service: The Huntington Club of Negro Business and Professional Women's Clubs, Inc., 2001; Charleston Mayor, G. Kemp Melton, for Charleston Urban Renewal Authority, 1999; Conference program for \"New Approaches to the Humanities and Lifelong Learning,\" 1988, where AB received award. Newspaper clippings for awards and accomplishments. 1987-1988. Newspaper clipping \"Educator Grim on Blacks' Future\" 1985. Thank you letter from Dee Caperton, House of Delegates, for draft of book about Elizabeth Simpson Drewry, 1987. Congratulatory notes, 1988-2002. Resume, ca. 1988. Text of speech for [receiving WVSC Alumna of the Year award, 1988]","Newspaper clippings, 1994-2002. Congratulatory and thank you letters, 1984-1995. Program for Staff Recall, Federal Prison Camp, Alderson, WV, with AB as guest speaker. Program for Induction Ceremony [sic], Phi Sigma Alpha, WVSC, 1995, when AB gave speech on the UGRR. Program for Carter G. Woodson Memorial Foundation Third Annual Memorial Fundraiser Banquet, 1995, AB speaker. Program for MLK birthday event at the WV School of Osteopathic Medicine where AB spoke, 1994. Resume. Photo of the Berlin Wall, May 1963.","Newspaper clippings, 1984-2002. Congratulatory and thank you letters and certificates, 1975-2002. Program for the Fourteenth Annual NEA Human and Civil Rights Awards dinner, 1980, when AB received The Carter G. Woodson Memorial Award. Program for Academy Cultural Awareness Committee Black History Month Program, 2002, where AB presented about MTG. Invitation to reception for Oliver W. Hill Freedom Fighter Award of the Virginia State Conference NAACP, 1999, and invitation to recognition event at the U.S. Capitol. Program for St. Anthony Church and School Community Education Awards where AB received the Gregory Loebach Award, 2002. Text of speech and program for West Virginia's African-American Women of Distinction book introduction by the West Virginia Women's Commission, 2002. Program for The Education Alliance Graduates of Distinction, AB recipient, 2002; text of speech; newspaper clipping; correspondence.","Newspaper clippings, ca. 1972-2002. Congratulatory and thank you letters, certificates and other recognitions, 1975 -2002. Letter of receipt for items given to the West Virginia State College/West Virginia Black Heritage Collection, 1987. Personal note, 3/26/80, discussing various contributions to education. Photograph of AB. Program for The National Association of Negro Business and Professional Women's Clubs banquet and candlelight rededication services, 1988, where AB was the guest speaker. Program for Berkeley County Diversity Committee \"Town Meeting\" with AB conducting interactive workshops at schools, 2002. Program and sketch of AB for [her retirement] 1986. Program for PCC lecture series \"The West Virginia Experience,\" [ca. 1985]. State of WV Teaching Certificate, 1960-1965. Letter of acceptance by NB for offer of teaching positions at WVSC for both NB and AB, 1972. Letter offering employment at WVSC as Associate Professor of English, 1972. Letter to NB offering WVSC position of Director of Guidance and Placement, 1972. Letters of thanks for AB for retirement and awards, 1986. Notification of nomination for President of WVSC, 1987. Correspondence Re: NCTE Orwell conference, 1984. Notification that tapes of censorship series of programs will be housed at the New York Public Library, 1984. Program for the Danforth Associate Program, 1975, for which AB and NB were program chairs. Program for The Women's Study Club Annual Open House, 1984, when AB was named Woman of the Year. Program for \"African Americans in the Appalachian Coalfields\" at the National Mine Health \u0026 Safety Academy when AB gave a lecture, 2000.","Newspaper clippings, 1989-2000. Congratulatory and thank you letters, invitations to speak, certificates of recognition, 1985-2000. Photograph of Douglass High School Y Teens, ca. 1946, including AB. Newspaper articles re: AB as WVSC's May Queen, 1948. Issue of MU's Greenline: a Publication for Alumni and Friends of Marshall University, May-July 1990, in which AB is recognized as commencement speaker; press release; letters of congratulations. Photograph of AB and others after presentation in Morgantown, 1990. Program for WVSC National Alumni Association William L. Lonesome Alumni Awards Dinner-Dance Honoring Dr. Ancella R. Bickley, Class of 1950, 1988 Alumnus of the Year. Dunbar Rotary Club Newsletter with AB as speaker, 1988. Materials from the Second Annual Conference on West Virginia's Black History, 1989. Letter to the editor of the Charleston Gazette re: black athlete, 1988.","Retirement from WVSC, 1986, materials. Correspondence re: ceremony; letters of congratulations; newspaper clippings; photographs; program; WVSC commencement program with AB as retirement honoree.","AB's doctoral dissertation A Study of the Effects of Teaching a Unit on Black Culture to Classes of Predominantly White High School Students, 1974.","Newspaper clippings for Education Alliance Graduates of Distinction, 2002. Materials pertaining to \"From Our Front Porch: Stories about Charleston's Oldest Neighborhood, The East End\": newspaper insert; outline for Appalachian Studies Association presentation; program for play at Roosevelt Wilson High School; the play. \"Testimony of Ancella Radford Bickley, Independent Scholar from West Virginia, on behalf of The State Humanities Program Regarding FY 1989 Appropriations to the National Endowment for the Humanities before the Appropriations Subcommittee on the Interior of the Senate,\" 1988. Congratulatory letters re: selection to the Kanawha Board of Education. Newspaper clippings. Congratulations re: speech's and performance of play in Florida. Commencement program for WVSC, 1950. Text of AB honors. Newspaper clippings re: her writings. Letter of acknowledgement for participation in reading of the names of lynchings victims program, Virginia State University, 2001. News release re: production of Harvest of Dreams by the Charleston Stage Company, 2000. Correspondence re: appointment to the WVU Board of Advisors, 1989. Certificate of appreciation from the City of Beckley for contributions to black history in WV. Thank you note re: women writers, 1994. Thank you letter from James Tolbert re: participation in Black History Month program at Harper's Ferry. Overview of AB accomplishments [introduction?]. Letter acknowledging participation in Kanawha County Public Library Black History Month events, 1993; abstract of talk; resume. Thank you letter for presentation at a Affirmative Action Committee Meeting, 1994; program; brochure listing black employees. Letter acknowledging intent to speak at the WV School of Osteopathic Medicine re: unsung heroes of the Civil Rights Movement and for MLK Day, 1993. Handwritten note of appreciation for a speech. Handwritten note re: missing speech for Black History Month, with attached newspaper clipping, 1994. 1949 Yellow Jacket article with picture of AB as newspaper staff. Clipping re: AB as keynote speaker for MLK Day celebration, 1991. Letter acknowledging a reading at the College Language Association, 1993. Letter acknowledging agreement to moderate a panel on sexual harassment; flyer for the program. Congratulatory letter for receiving the MU Graduate School Distinguished Alumnus, 1993. Program for \"First Annual Forum and Family Recognition Conference\" from the West Virginia Black Family Coalition, 1992, for which Bickley was a moderator. Correspondence and program for Distinguished Graduate Student Award from MU, 1993. Newspaper clipping about the WVSC presidential inaugural ball including description of AB and NB attire, 1974. Letter from Mary Pearl Compton, WV Delegate, re: Union's Historic District. Handwritten card praising AB as a \"liquid god\" able to move among roles, 1995. Resumes.","Senate Resolution honoring AB and Lynda Ann Ewen, 2002. Certificate of recognition as a West Virginia Hero, 2002. Newspaper clippings, 1990-2002. Correspondence re: lecture at Alderson Broaddus College, 1991. Certificate of recognition from the WV National Organization of Women and two 1991 conference programs. Program for \"African-Americans in the Appalachian Coalfields,\" 2000. Letter acknowledging selection at WVSC Alumnus of the Year, 1988. The Humanities Foundation of West Virginia Award Dinner Program, 1988. Issue of People \u0026 Mountains: a Publication of the West Virginia Humanities Council, Summer 2001, with MTG interview excerpt edited by AB and Lynda Ann Ewen. Congratulatory note re: publication of Memphis Tennessee Garrison; lecture on MTG announcement, 2000. Letter from the Indiana Humanities Council re: placement on \"Always a River\" registry, 1991. Letter from Gov. Gaston Caperton recognizing appointment to the Martin Luther King, Jr. State Holiday Commission, 1989. Acknowledgement letters as a speaker, 1990-1999. Acknowledgement of receipt of Our Mount Vernons from a professor at the University of Texas at El Paso, 1997. \"Book Notes\" section of West Virginia History re: Our Mount Vernons, 1997. Letter of re: reappointment to the WV Archives and History Commission, 1997. Letter re: WV Public Radio's Cultural Diversity Radio Project, 1998. Letter re: Mistress of Ceremony for a poetry contest at WVSC, 1995. Letter acknowledging support of the WV Humanities Council programming, 1995.","Special Commendation from the U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Park Service, for Significant Contributions to the Underground Railroad Study, 1995.","\"West Virginia: a Film History\" recognition as the Historical Advisor for the film project.","State of West Virginia Distinguished West Virginian award, 1986.","Senate Resolution honoring AB and Lynda Ann Ewen, 2002.","Includes newspaper clippings and writings by Ancella Bickley Livers (also called Cill Jr. or Cill). Also includes material by or about Nelson Bickley, Ancella Bickley's husband and prominent Charleston, West Virginia, lawyer. Formats include articles, awards and honors, military records, speeches, research notes, publications, correspondence, newspaper clippings, and more. Subjects include Nelson Bickley's military and teaching careers, his uncle Carter G. Woodson, and more.","Correspondence with James Harlow, WVU President, regarding tenure at WVU, 1969 and 1972. Army records for Nelson Bickley. Various Army regulations, blank forms, and information flyers. Correspondence and forms from the Veterans Administration. Medical records, 1956-1966","Charleston Gazette/Gazette-Mail newspaper clippings about AB and NB, 1999-2003","Text of NB's speech \"CMA's Link to the Late Carter G. Woodson, the 'Father of Negro History'\" at the Chicago Military Academy, program, and certificate of appreciation.","Text of speech given by NB at East Bank High School to Junior ROTC, regarding the benefits of military service.","Military and scholarship commendations, program from WVSC Commencement, 1948.","Military records for Nelson Bickley including his assignment as an Army ROTC instructor at WVU and difficulty of finding Negro housing. Admission to WVU College of Human Resources and Education.","Folder within 16a containing Army medical records for Nelson Bickley, 1957-1966.","Akron Beacon Journal,  December 7, 1982, with article by Ancella Livers which includes brief biography.","\" Brown V. Board of Education  in West Virginia\" by Nelson R. Bickley in the  West Virginia Law Review , Spring 2005.","Text of speech given by NB at the WVU Law School","Correspondence with Congressman Harley Staggers, James G. Harlow, President of WVU, and others regarding Nelson Bickley's retirement. Other military records.","Invitations to the ROTC Cadet Corps Annual Military Ball and the ROTC Awards Day and Hall of Fame Induction Ceremony, 1982. Program for the ROTC Awards Day Ceremony, May 1, 1981. WVSC student newspaper  The Yellow Jacket  with an article about the inductees to the ROTC Hall of Fame including NB. Typed text of NB's acceptance speech about his time in the military. Newspaper with an interview with NB and Belva Clark about Carter G. Woodson, 1987. Program and text of NB speech, with AB edits, at WVSC for Veterans Day, 1992. Newspaper article regarding NB induction into the WVSC ROTC Hall of Fame.","Signed letter from Alex Haley to Colonel and Mrs. Nelson Bickley, March 1, 1973, re: the Bickleys' hospitality after a lecture.","Clippings regarding the Bickleys from  The Villages Daily Sun  (FL) and  The Sunday News-Registe r (Wheeling, WV)","Pamphlet \"The Black Student at WVU,\" 1969/70, 1971/72, which include pictures of AB. Program for Lincoln-Douglas Banquet sponsored by Morning Star Baptist Church, February 12, 1977; includes AB as the speaker. Newspaper articles by and about Ancella Bickley, as well as Nelson. Congratulatory letter regarding AB promotion to Vice President for Administration at WVSC, July 9, 1975. Dunbar High School's publication, Kennel, Feb. 23, 1973 and May, 1974.","Letter regarding AB in WVU classroom. Newspaper article about Ancella, daughter of Ancella and Nelson. Dunbar High School's student newspaper, Kennel, Nov. 1972.","Bachelor of Arts degree confirmation from West Virginia State College","Nelson Bickley's Master of Arts degree confirmation from West Virginia University","Nellie Francisco's Bachelor of Arts in Education degree confirmation from West Virginia State College, 1938","Letter from CGW to Bessie Woodson Yancey, CGW's sister, re: funding Joan's education. Text of the poem \"The Forgotten Boys.\" Invitation to the dedication of the Carter G. Wooson School, New Orleans.","Research materials re: Belva Clark, Carter G. Woodson's niece and Nelson Bickley's mother; note of condolence; funeral program; handwritten [by Mrs. Clark?] obituary and instructions","Articles about NB. Membership certificate to Sigma Pi Phi Fraternity.","Teaching certificate for Nellie Radford Francisco, Bluefield Colored Institute, 1928.","Special Order lists. Legal case notes? Selective Service Act of 1948 memo.","Includes genealogical research material, notes, and charts in print as well as handwritten for these families, mostly from the Huntington, West Virginia area and across the Ohio River: Twyman, Spurlock, Barnett, Payne, Jones, Woodson, Wilson, Johnson, Summers, Smoot, Peters, Radford, Layne/Lane, Jones, Straham, Cabell, and Parker. Additional genealogical information is included in oral history interviews with individuals (see Interviews and Oral History Interviews series); the Others' Works series; the Biography subseries of Research Notes and Collected Materials; and other locations throughout the collections.","Documents pertaining to the Twyman Family. Facsimile of pages from  The Promised Land  by J. Earl Pratt [1964]. Facsimile of newspaper legal notices from T he Ironton Register , Oct. 27 and Dec. 15, 1870.","Letter from Willard H. Radford and Kim Radford regarding a reunion for the Radford-Bickley families.","Correspondence between the Bickleys and Nelson L. Barnett, Jr. regarding Allensworth (CA) State Historical Park, the Spurlock family, the Barnett-Payne-Jones family. Rededication pamphlet, October 10, 1992","Barnett family genealogy compiled by Nelson Barnett, Jr.","Various documents pertaining to Carter G. Woodson and the Barnett family connection. \"A Black History of Huntington\" by Edna Duckworth. Barnett family documents.","Family line charts, photographs, newspapers, family history for the Nelson Barnett line. Program for the First Baptist Church, Huntington, September 25, 1988. Photographs buildings designed by Carl Barnett, architect.","Transcription of Barnett family obituaries.","James and Mary Wilson family genealogy. Facsimiles of portraits. Memorial service programs. Photographs of Mary Wilson Johnson and James Johnson. Photo of family group identified later in file and on facsimile. Obituary for William O. Johnson. Family group photo. Photos of Ida and William Johnson.","Handwritten Cabell Family tree and notes on the Cabell Family in Institute. Transcription of letter from J. S. Cunningham to Governor A.I. Boreman. Facsimile of newspaper ad for sale of slave.","Handwritten notes regarding Summers Family and slaves.","Facsimile of book section and term paper about the Smoot Family written by Marcella L. Pauley Short for WVSC class.","Booklet of genealogy forms.  African-American Genealogy: A Research Guide  compiled by Phyllis Preston Jarrett and Helen Chambers Winston.","Typewritten history of the Smoot Family, Boone County.","Personnel record for Willard Radford. Letter, 1949, certifying marriage of Willard Radford to Lilian Angus in Cuba, 1923.","Handwritten marriage records for Radfords.","Handwritten notes from a phone conversation regarding the Straham-Parker families.","Typed \"Conversation with Nellie Redford Francisco--about 1985.\" Handwritten \"Discussion w/Henry Radford, 1/14/93.\" Radford Family genealogy. Peters Family genealogy. Newspaper articles regarding Negro education in Huntington and Kimball, 1904-1923. Cemetery lot receipts to Willard Radford. Program for Sterberger Elementary School 1999 Graduation Ceremony; Akil Livers listed as student. Funeral service program for Lily Van Sykes Kelly, 1994. Transcribed obituaries for Joseph T. Payne, 1948, and Minnie Bell Powell, 1936.","Research notes on how to do black genealogy.  Black Studies: a Select Catalog of National Archives Microfilm Publications .","The Layne Family Tree and Its Branches . Handwritten tree with Twyman connection.","\"Plat Map, Mt. Pisgah Cemetery, Proctorville, Ohio\" with notes. Request for donation to the Cemetery, 2013.","Handwritten CGW family tree.","Radford family genealogy. Release of note on deed, Radford family, 1952.","This series includes two subseries, General and Black Teachers.","Includes more formal oral history interviews as well as \"discussions\" and other less structured interviews not intended for any historical publication. Formats include handwritten notes, typed notes, and transcripts of interviews as well as background in the form of correspondence and typed and handwritten corrections.","Transcript of interview with Johnnie James. Newspaper article \"THE Man…Johnny James Now Shares Life With God\"","Background research re: changes to social history and oral history.","Notes from discussion with Grover DuBose, Korean War veteran, Sept. 10, 2000.","Transcripts of interviews with black citizens of Huntington, WV; Institute, WV; Guyandotte, WV; and Black Fork, OH. Including Johnnie James, Ms. Bessie Herbert McClain, Chester A. Burris, Henry Pierce, Mildred Loar Williams, Cash Keels, James Thompson, Mrs. Araminta Miller Justice, and James Johnson.","Spiral bound notebook containing notes from oral history interviews with black soldiers, 1945-46. References to color-coded folders. Notes on soldiers' letters, 1943-45. List of themes in interviews. Follow up on specific soldiers, 2005, titled \"Negative behavior of Blk soldiers.\" Diagram of Army organization.","Research notes labeled \"Army Wives Material: Discussion with Carl \u0026 Nancy Johnson Re: Military Experiences; Carl was a Tuskegee Airman. His wife, Nancy, is white\" 2014. Annotated paper \"The WV State Capitol\" with research notes. Emails re: Kimball Wall Memorial Project, 2011. Research notes. Letter to Beverly from AB re: various researchers in the Villages, FL, 2014. Typed notes from interview with Harriet Williams, Lewisburg, WV.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Mildred Lore Williams, 1990, re: family history and Cabell County History. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Bessie Herbert McClain, 1990, re: living in Huntington. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Suzette Spencer, 1990, re: family and life in Huntington. Mrs. Spencer was a descendant of 37 slaves freed in the south and sent to Ohio. Transcript of oral history interview with Mr. Cash Keels, 1990, re: family history and life in Black Fork, Ohio.","Audiocassettes labeled: \"Joseph C. Peters re: Black High School Athletics - 11/2/95;\" \"Gregory Peters / Reminiscences, 9/22/95, \u0026 Ed Scott #3;\" \"MC (Ref) Edward Greer, 5/10/06;\" and \"Ed Scott / Reminiscences /Korea, 10/20/95\"","Bickley and Rita Wicks-Nelson, as Rockefeller Scholars-in-Residence at Marshall University's Center for the Study of Ethnicity and Gender in Appalachia, interviewed and recorded interviews with older black women teachers from across the state. This subseries contains transcripts of the interviews, corrected transcripts, correspondence with the subjects, and sometimes background information about them.","Typed manuscript for \"Black Education in West Virginia,\" a joint project between Ancella Bickley and Rita Wicks-Nelson. Notes regarding Mrs. T. McDaniel interview; text of interview. Correspondence regarding book on black female teachers. Research notes. Text of speech about black WV schools. List of narrators. Facsimiles of newspaper clippings \"from Mrs. Rayford's Collection\" regarding desegregation of schools, 1955-1956. Newspaper clipping of AB interview regarding MTG.","Handwritten notes of [interview with] Marian Hatcher, WVU English Dept. teacher.","Print out of web page re: Dr. Ancella Bickley and Dr. Rita Wicks-Nelson, 1999 Rockefeller Scholars-in-Residence. Project name: \"Life Experiences of Older, Black, West Virginian Women [Teachers]\"","Demographics of teachers' project. Map showing location of teachers. Narrative overview of the project. Paper \"Mosaic [sic] in Black and White: Black Teachers Remember School Integration in West Virginia\" [by] Ancella Bickley and Rita Wicks-Nelson; paper presented at the Center for the Study of Ethnicity and Gender in Appalachia, MU, 2000. Annotated paper. Draft of paper \"Changing Lives and Potential Leadership: A Study of West Virginian Women Returning to College\" [by] Rita Wicks-Nelson, Lynda Ann Ewen, ca. 1997.","Correspondence between AB and RW-N and others re: book based on teachers' oral history interviews. Paper \"Black Education in West Virginia.\" Text of paper [by AB] \"Read @ WV Sociological Assoc. Annual Mtng. WVSC - Oct. 24, 1997.\" Letter from NB, 2005, asking for addenda to  West Virginia Law Review  paper about  Brown v. Board of Education.  Research notes. \" Fullen  corrected pp, AB,\" 2001. Letter requesting interview with Pearl Swann Carter, 2000.","Release form from Suzanne Slaughter, 1998","Correspondence, edits, research notes with RW-N. Book reviews from The Appalachian journal, 2005. List of women interviewed. Background and summaries for interviewees.","Research materials re: education in WV;  Brown v Board of Education.  Possible participants; call for participants; correspondence with participants Writing retreat brochure and correspondence. Project update to the Center for the Study of Ethnicity and Gender in Appalachia at MU. Draft of summary of results. Summary data forms and interview guide. Schedule of interviews. Letter from parent to teacher, Anna McCright. Flyer announcing talk by AB and RW-N. Luncheon flyer from the Fayette County Black Caucus.","Life stories, some annotated or edited, for Vivian Williams Fleming, Eliza Jane Campbell Dillard, Anna McCright, and Mary Montgomery.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Louise Anderson. Newspaper clipping of obituary.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Velma Bradshaw. Handwritten notes on folder.","Oral History Review  article, 2001, re: school segregation. Email with list of changes to the transcript. Transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Pearl Swann Carter, 2001.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Florence Casey, 1997","Transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Ottrus Chatman, 1999. Typed and handwritten notes on the interview.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Verona Clarke, 1997.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. E. Jane Dillard, 1999.","Handwritten notes on the interview. Correspondence with Mrs. Elston. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Mary M. Elston, 1997.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Eunice Fleming, 1999.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Vivian Williams Fleming, 1997. Handwritten notes.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Norma Jean Fullen, 1997.","Handwritten notes. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Susie Guyton, 1997.","Handwritten notes. Transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Willie Hise, 1999.","Typed and handwritten notes. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Floristine Holland, 1998.","Handwritten notes. Transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. B'Alma Jones, 1999.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Miss Anna McCright, 1999.","Corrected transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Thelma McDaniel, 1999.","Letter to Mrs. McDaniel. Typed notes and pages from the interview. Letter from Norman L. Jones re: Thelma McDaniel and the Price and White families, 2001.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Edris Miller, 1998.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Mary Montgomery, 1997. Overview for Mrs. Montgomery. Letter to her. Pages of the interview with corrections. List of names and addresses for interviewees.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Ms. Doris Payne, 1999.","Overview for Ruby Brown Reeler. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Ruby Reeler, 1997. Handwritten transcript of a quote from the interview. Handwritten notes on the folder.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Nancie Smith Robinson, 1999.","Transcripts pages of interview with FH [Floristine Holland?] Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Suzanne Slaughter, 1998.","Obituary for Mary Crozier Snow, 2011. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Mary Snow, 1997. Letter to Mrs. Snow with corrections, 2001.","Transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Fannie Ashe Thomas, 1999.","Handwritten notes. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Velma Twyman, 1997. Letter to Mrs. Twyman re: corrections, 2001.","Includes books, manuscripts, facsimile pages, and other publications not written by Bickley, who was sometimes asked to provide feedback on writing. Forms of writing include family histories, poems, short stories, plays, novels, and both scholarly and popular articles. Other writers include: Sharon M. Draper, Charles Lloyd, Hannah N. Geffert, Peri Lynne Johnson, L. O'B. Thomson, Nelson L. Barnett, J. McHenry Jones, Judith Stitzel, Elizabeth Taylor Brown, and Phyllis Moore.","A Memorial to the Scott, Carter, Mumford Families and the Journey from the Hills of North Carolina to the Beautiful Ohio Shore in the Year 1844  by Edith Dove Bryant, original and one facsimile. Article \"Midwifery in West Virginia\" 1990.","My Dearest Husband: the Letters of Amacetta Laidley Summers to George W. Summers, 1842-1843  by Patricia Clark Bulla. Handwritten genealogy chart for James M. Laidley","Poem \"Old Lady Sady and the Chicken Wings\" c1992 Sharon M. Draper","My Dearest Husband: the Letters of Amacetta Laidley Summers to George W. Summers, 1842-1843  by Patricia Clark Bulla. Laidley-Summers-Quarrier family line","Manuscript for  Aesculapius, Ebony  by Nelson L. Barnett, M.D.","\"…Tryin' to Get Home…\": A Journal,  a compendium of biographies, family histories, community histories, etc. by the John Henry Memorial Committee.","\"The Search for Larry Doby\" by Bob Stitzel in  Sports Collectors Digest , December 1, 1989. Letter from Judith Stitzel critiquing short stories \"The Woman in the Lavender Hat,\" \"Hush Now Child,\" \"Sweets,\" and \"Jones.\" Manuscripts of Stitzel's stories \"My New York Yankees,\" \"Cover-Up,\" \"Hearing Aids,\" \"Unbecoming a Jew.\" Letter from Stitzel regarding order of stories.","Manuscript for book about West Virginia State College.","Correspondence with Phyllis Moore re: WV writers. Annotated stories \"It Ain't Her!,\" \"The Crossing,\" and \"On This Rock,\" short stories by AB. Photo of AB and unidentified woman. \"'Talking about home…': Yes, We Have Authors\" by Phyllis Wilson Moore.","Project overview for Greenbrier Valley African-American life. J. McHenry Jones' novel  Hearts of Gold  with highlighted passages and annotations. Background research materials.","Facsimile of  The Jones Family  by John L. Jones.","Correspondence with Hannah N. Geffert re: Black History Conference and her annotated story \"The Guns of October.\"","\"History of Lakin Hospital: Pulling for the Stars\" by Elizabeth Taylor Brown. Reviewers' comments.","The Plays of Ann Kathryn Flagg  published by Amistad, Inc., Ancella Bickley, Director.","\"Black High Schools in West Virginia\" prepared by R. Charles Byers.","Writings of Peri Lynne Johnson, AB's niece, some with annotations.","Review of \"The History of Lakin State Hospital\" by Elizabeth Brown; manuscript.","Drafts and final papers written by L. O'B. Thompson who taught at WVSC.","Aesculapius, Ebony  by Nelson L. Barnett. Brief biography of Carl Eugene Barnett. Facsimile of photograph of \"Reverend Nelson Barnett, Circa 1900.\"","Paper and letter of transmittal for \"The Peters Sisters: An Historical Omission\" by Norman Jordan. Research notes on the sisters: Ethel and Ada Peters.","Typewritten notes about various novels, movies, and other works. Discussion questions for some.","Inscribed play \"Day to Day: a Drama in One Act\" by Maryat Lee. Article \"'…To Will One Thing: a New Look at Theater\" [by] Maryat Lee, from  Drama Review , 1983. Materials re: EcoTheater including scholarly articles.","Includes black and white historical photographs, slides, and contemporary color photographs. Additional photographs can be found throughout the collection. Most photos are black and white facsimiles of original historical photos of people and places significant to Bickley's research and publications. Subjects include educational institution buildings and students; other institution buildings; the Radford family; Bickley and Bickley with others. The contemporary color photos include ones of the memorial statues on the West Virginia Capitol grounds; Potomac State College campus; Bickley and others; and the social event A Red Hat Party celebrating women.","Photos: graduating class at Bluefield State College; Barnett School Orchestra, Huntington, with Nellie Francisco; school children at Lincoln School, Wheeling, 1912; unidentified football team; buildings at Bluefield State College and West Virginia State College.","Photos, invitation to, and follow up for a birthday celebration for AB, and a Red Hat Party to celebrate older women. Poem about AB.","Photographs of building details; street scenes; two black women [Alberta Coleman]; NB; campus, Potomac State College, buildings including Academy Hall and Duke Anthony Whitmore/Henry Louis Gates, Jr. Academic Achievement Wall.","Photos of statues on the WV State Capitol grounds: prints, proof sheet with numbered descriptions, and a CD. Annotated text to accompany photos and titled \"Statuary on the Grounds of the West Virginia State Capitol.\" Brief history of the Capitol and the state of West Virginia.","\"Honoring Our Past: 1994 Calendar\" produced by the Alliance for the Collection, Preservation and Dissemination of West Virginia's Black History. Calendar includes photos of school bands, Bluefield NAACP chapter, Hopewell barber shop in Martinsburg, and schools.","Copies of group photographs of children and a \"Special Citation Award to Mrs. Harry Gordon\"","Photo of unidentified family, 1901; restored photo and invoice for work, 2005.","Negatives and photos from AB's Red Hat Party","Variety of copies of historical photographs, most not identified, 1912-1918. Note stapled to folder removed, 10/17/1990.","1991 (3), 1993, 1994 calendar \"Honoring Our Past\" from the Alliance for the Collection, Preservation and Dissemination of West Virginia's Black History. 1971 Black History Calendar [by] Raymond W. Lowry.","Facsimiles of photographs of students at WVSC including AB in Delta Sigma Theta Sorority.","Photographs of AB and others at a presentation on CGW at Marshall University, President's Home. February 24, 1988.","Facsimile of undated photo [ca. 1942] of John W. Davis, Charles Rutherford, Austin W. Curtis, L.A. Toney, et al. On back: \"Received from Debby Jackson,  Goldenseal , 4/7/1997. Picture taken during construction of Washington-Carver Camp.\"","Photo of AB with author Alice Walker at the University of Charleston, [1999]. Photo of AB with Ken Sullivan, Executive Director of the WV Humanities Council, 2002.","Includes examples of Bickley's contribution to a number of public service projects both in a professional capacity and as a citizen. Includes these formats:  \nplanning documents,  \ncorrespondence,  \nmeeting notes, and  \nagendas for these organizations:  \n-Amistad, Inc., a publishing company she formed;  \n-West Virginia Humanities Foundation;  \n-Black Mountain Youth Leadership Program, Berea College;  \n-The EcoTheater in Lewisburg, for which she served as board member;  \n-National Council of Teachers of English, for which she was National Director;  \n-West Virginia Archives and History Commission, of which she was a member; and  \n-Marshall University colloquium on black history.","Most notable are the grant applications, programs, and correspondence from her work with the West Virginia Humanities Foundation. Bickley was President of the Board of Directors and wrote a ten-year history of the organization, 1974-1984. The files include background materials for a number of projects for which she or others received grants. For her work with the Kanawha County Board of Education, her files include research materials about minority student achievement, and documents about the Kanawha County Schools Minority Student Achievement Task Force and Maximizing Achievement of African-American Children in Kanawha County (MAAACK). Documenting her work with an organizing committee to clean up the Bethel Cemetery in Huntington, her files include calls for participants, flyers, lists of members, and more. One civic activity with no apparent formal organization includes a meeting with Governor Rockefeller to advocate for affirmative action in West Virginia government. More on Bickley's professional and community activities can be found in the Awards, Honors Series.","\"Notes from Meeting between WV SAC and Governor Rockefeller--June 13\" The SAC [Statistical Analysis Center] asked the governor to authorize another study concerning minority employment in West Virginia with the goal of supporting affirmative action and the employment of more minorities.","Humanities Scholar Resource Forms by Virginia Edwards (2/86), Judith G Stitzel, and Elayne Rapping for the project, \"Reel Visions: A Conference on Women and Film.\" \"Seminar for Professionals Scholar's Statement\" by AB.  The Midwest Quarterl y article \"The Humanities in Public Conversation.\" Publication: \"The Humanities Foundation of West Virginia, 1974-1984, A Decade of Discovery\" which lists awards; AB was President of the Board of Directors.","Brochure for the 15th Year of the EcoTheater founded by Maryat Lee, 1975-1990. Letter of support fro grant to the EcoTheater, February 10, 1990. Business correspondence with members of the Board of Directors.","Notes, membership lists, and correspondence from meetings of the Bethel Memorial Park Interest Group. Various research notes regarding black WV doctors and other topics.","Invitation to Ronald Reagan's inauguration","Correspondence from Cecil H. Underwood and Earl Ray Tomblin regarding appointment to the WV Archives and History Commission, July 11, 2000-September 22, 2000.","Papers and notes from 1975 National Council of Teachers of English (NCTE) conferences when AB was National Director. List of attendees. Black history newspaper clippings. NCTE Spring Institutes programs: April 4-8 in Buffalo, New York; and April 25-29 in Santa Barbara, California. Paper by NB \"Mini-Psychological Theory about Black Americans\"","Invitation to Jimmy Carter's inauguration, January 20, 1977.","Certificate of incorporation and other legal documents for Amistad, Inc. Humanities Foundation grant application. Correspondence, agendas for Board meetings, and notes from meetings.","Correspondence with William (Bill) Turner regarding a black history colloquium at Marshall and editing a special issue the  Appalachian Journal. Sojourner: Voice of the Eastern Kentucky Social Clubs , 1989.","Program for MU symposium \"Moving Toward Freedom: Slavery and Resistance.\" WV Humanities Foundation grant materials for \"Fact to Freedom: The Story of Slavery in West Virginia.\" Cost details for recreating a slave auction block. Photograph of 10th and Market in Wheeling, 1895.","Correspondence with Brucella and Norman Jordan re: the African American Heritage Family Tree Museum. Also a Humanities Council Grant, brochures, newspaper clippings, press releases. B. Jordan's curriculum vitia and job description with an appliation.","Materials supporting the proposal for WVSC's The Canty House being placed on the National Register of Historic Places.","Materials for collaboration of Kanawha County Schools Minority Student Achievement Task Force and Achieving Excellence in Learning (AEL). Maximizing Achievement of African-American Children in Kanawha County (MAACK) materials. Data on Kanawha County students.","Readings on teaching minority students, Ebonics. Maximizing Achievement of African-American Children in Kanawha County (MAACK) materials.","Notes and correspondence pertaining to the evaluation of the Black Mountain Youth Leadership Program at Berea College.","Letter from the Governor of Montana. Itineraries. Correspondence re: trip.","Matted print of D. Richardson's drawing of the WV Colored Children's Home.","This series includes eleven subseries which highlight Bickley's research on black history in West Virginia and to a smaller extent black history in general. The subseries include her work on black history for many West Virginia counties with her research being more extensive for Cabell, Jefferson, and Kanawha Counties which have their own subseries. The subseries for Research Notes and Collected Papers are: General, Biography; Cabell County, WV; Jefferson County, WV; Kanawha County, WV; Other WV Counties; Churches, Education; General; Organizations; Slavery; and the Underground Railroad.","Bickley researched a wide range of black history and black culture topics; for example, Aunt Jemima and the statue of a black boy as yard ornament, in addition to persons and events. The research provided background for her writings and was often incorporated into her works of fiction as well as historical accounts. Her papers include research notes and supporting sources on a wide range of topics with reference to black history and West Virginia black history.","Handwritten inventory of boxes with Post-it-Note \"Found AFTER boxing - This drawer-files are out of order so I don't know if it will be helpful. (Plus, my sister has horrible handwriting.\"","Post card from Mabel Hunter with Storer College Brackett Hall dorm room circled (1946). Photo of statue of Carter G. Woodson. 1850 mortality statistics for western section of Virginia.  Bulletin of the West Virginia State Teachers' Association , 1940. Program for the Mountain State Bar Association, Inc. Annual Awards Banquet, June 18, 1988. Partial transcript of \"Interview with Doris Miller, Huntington, WV\" regarding house purported to be on the underground railroad. Marriage records, 1869, Trinity Church, Parkersburg. \"Reading the Names\" program at Virginia Sate University of those lynched, 1868-1935; AB read the WV names, ca. 2011. Handwritten research notes. Notes on census slave records. Proposed black history highway markers, 2001. Newspaper clipping about Huntington Tuskegee Airmen, 2009. Email from Brucella Jordan requesting a recommendation; paragraph regarding the founding of the African American Heritage Family Tree Museum, 2010. Email from David Trobridge invitation to speak at Marshall University, 2011. Facsimile of pages from the Bureau of Negro Welfare and Statistics regarding the Episcopal Church in West Virginia. Roster of Negroes serving in state and local government, ca. 1968. \"The West Virginia Medical Society [Black].\" \"Slavery in Western Virginia\" (notes for an exhibit?)","Correspondence and research notes regarding the black history of Gallipolis, Ohio. Love story by Harry Dolphis Scott, Bidwell, Ohio. Typed lists from Carter G. Woodson's Free Negro Head of Families (1830), Town of Gallipolis.","Newspaper clippings from the Herald-Dispatch, 1981. Brochure: \"Graduates of Distinction: Michael Perry, Ancella Bickley\" from the Education Alliance, 2002","Various articles regarding blues music. Multiple facsimiles of \"Bessie Smith, 1898-1937, A Short Blues Anthology,\" 1971; one with annotations.","Various articles including the legend of Jocko, subject of a lawn ornament, and a 1971 black history calendar by Raymond W. Lowry which highlights achievements.","2 nd Annual John Henry Festival, Clifftop, West Virginia: Herbs and Traditional Medicine [by] Roscoe Leonard.","Typewritten paper about spirituals","Journal, newspaper, and magazine articles about black history, Carter G. Woodson, Nelson Bickley, and the methyl isocyanate leak in Institute, 1984.","Prospective Sites Relating to Black History in Canada  by William N. T. Wylie, June 1994.","Research materials regarding the holiday, Juneteenth, which celebrates the Emancipation Proclamation. Text of two speeches.","\"The Black Literary Tradition of West Virginia: A Bio-Critical Survey\" [by] Leonard J. Deutsch","The booklet (2 copies) \"History of African-American Miners in Appalachian Coal Fields: Black History Month, February, 2000\" Funeral program for Ulysses Grant Carter, teacher at Kimball High School.  A Saga of Service: A History of the Mining Extension Service of West Virginia State College, 1937-1957  by Cecile M. McCormick and U.G. Carter.","Facsimiles of pages from reports from the WV Bureau of Negro Welfare and Statistics.","Correspondence and attached materials from Sara J. Sow re: blacks in Gallia County, Ohio. \"Why We Celebrate Our Culture and Church\" about churches in Lawrence County, Ohio.","Correspondence with and writings of James Fisher, Berkeley County.","Background research notes and materials about Cuba.  National Geographic  article \"Evolution in the Revolution: CUBA.\" Poems by or translated by Nelson A. Ossorio.","Correspondence with Joan C. Browning re: content for the Henrietta Marie exhibit; white women in the civil rights movement. Biography. Resume. Newspaper clippings; article \"Invisible Revolutionaries: White Women in Civil Rights Historiography.\" Program and other materials for the WVU panel for the Rush Holt History Conference. Commentary from John Raines re: J. Browning and David Mussat's contributions to the RDH Conference; annotated JB paper \"Religion Gave Me Power to Witness\" and David Mussat's paper \"Sticks and Stone: an Interpretation of Power and Religion in the Movement.\"","Research materials on many aspects of WV Black history including newspaper clippings, scholarly articles, meeting programs, and the text of an Odd Fellows speech.","\"Negro Coal Miners in West Virginia, 1875-1925\" from the  Midwest Journal , 1954. Reprint of \"Negro Migration to the Mining Fields of West Virginia\" from the  Proceedings, West Virginia Academy of Sciences , 1936.","Handwritten research notes. Research materials re: WV history. Typed notes on WV black history. 1955 newspaper article re: integration of schools.","Correspondence regarding black WV historical markers. Resignation as a Commissioner for the WV Division of Culture and History. Program for Roosevelt Junior High School Award Assembly, June 2, 2000; Bickley is on the program for the East End History Essay.","Programs for West Virginia Conference on Black History at the First Baptist Church in Charleston, April 22-23, 1988, and the Eighth Annual Conference on West Virginia's Black History at Marshall University, November 10-11, 1995","Web page print out of article about Silas Green in minstrel show.","\"Fifth U.S. Colored Infantry\" by John F. Walter, rev. 1998. Includes information on Ohio and WV blacks.","\"Negro Participants in the Fields of the Theatre and Music Plus Associated Enterprises: Period: 1920-1960\" by Dr. Douglass T. Murray. Booklet for The National [Negro] Opera [Company].","Paper titled \" School Desegregation Since  Brown  (1954): 30-Year Perspective\" by Franklin Parker, WVU Professor of Education, 1984. Two pages of annotated text of a speech about education of black West Virginians, [delivered at WVU].  Daily Athenaeum  article re: interview Nelson Bickley about discrimination in housing in Morgantown, 1971. Program for \"The West Virginia Experience in Higher Education: an Historical Perspective\" at WVU, 1984, when AB was on a panel. Facsimile of the pamphlet \"The Black Student at WVU\" 1971-72. Correspondence from the Ohio University Press re: manuscript review of the book  Memphis Tennessee Garrison  by William H. Turner, 1999. \"History of DuBois High School\" from a book. Map of slave plantations in Wood County, Va. Map of Underground Railroad routes to Canada, 1898.","Email correspondence primarily between AB and her daughter Ancella Livers re: access to WWII Soldiers' letters at the New York Public Library. Email from Della [Hardman?] re: Belle Powell and Ravella Hughes.","Includes biographical material for many people of interested to Bickley. Types of material include correspondence, handwritten notes, clippings and articles, photographs, various facsimiles, and more. Subjects of research notes and collected materials include: Carter G. Woodson, Dick Pointer, Henry Louis \"Skip\" Gates, Memphis Tennessee Garrison, John Henry, Ravella Hughes, John Wesley Harris, Maude Beatrice Bell Plowden, Della Brown Taylor, Bessie Yancey, Mollie Gabe (Mary Elizabeth Johnson), Elizabeth Simpson Drewry, J. McHenry Jones, Stonewall Jackson, Gwen McMillion Bingham, and William Cathay. Additional topics include: blacks in WV literature; black women; Tuskegee Airmen including John L. Whitehead, Jr. and William Lee Hill; and black WV legislators. Biographical information is also included in the Interviews and Oral History Interviews series.","Newspaper clippings. Partial notes [speech] J. McHenry Jones including John R. Clifford, Christopher Payne, and black legislators. Pages from a 1913 Congressional hearing on \"Conditions in the Paint Creek District, West Virginia\" with conditional pardon of Dan Chain highlighted. Memo, 1/18/03, from Alfonzo Dalton regarding interview with Ben Carson who was a Republican candidate for the US President in 2016.","Letter to researcher Sean Duff, November 19, 2012, and attached information regarding J. McHenry Jones and Wheeling. Letter to researcher L. Morris Jones, May 3, 1989. Newspaper clipping of article about  Hearts of Gold  which was written by J. McHenry Jones (JMJ). Various versions of \"James McHenry Jones: a Monologue\" by Ancella R. Bickley. Full and partial \"J. McHenry Jones, 1859-1909.\" Text of newspaper article about JMJ's opposition to the Evans Jim Crow Bill, February 14, 1907. Research notes including Jones family history. Facsimile of pages from  History of the Jones Family  by John L. Jones.","Research notes on Guion Bluford (?). Ed White, sculptor, biography. Facsimile of pages from the children's book  Black Stars in Orbit , [1995]","Correspondence between NB and The Association for the Study of Negro Life and History, Incorporated regarding preservation of the Carter G. Woodson house in Huntington. Correspondence between Carter G. Woodson and his sister, Bessie Woodson Yancey, regarding upkeep of the house.","Research materials on Dick Pointer, black Indian War hero, for an article for the  Journal of the Greenbrier Historical Society ; the article; handwritten notes; various versions of the article. Research notes. Facsimile of a painting by S. Ross Browne, 1993.","Correspondence with Henry Louis \"Skip\" Gates, Jr. Newspaper clipping: MU Commencement.","Correspondence with Adolphus Young regarding black West Virginia women, particularly MTG.","Washington Post  article \"In Quest of the Historical John Henry\" by Hank Burchard, August 24, 1969. Press release by Kyle McCormick, WV Dept. of Archives and History, 1957.  WV Hillbilly , June 23, 1979, \"A Salute to John Henry.\"","Handwritten notes about John Matheus, WVSC professor; his curriculum vitae, ca. 1953; reprint of an article from the  CLA Journal  by him, 1972.","Research notes about Revella Hughes","Research notes about William Hill for  Goldenseal  article about Tuskegee Airmen.","Research on John Brown including materials from the National Parks Service's John Brown Conference, 2000; an annotated Langston Hughes' poem \"October 16;\" and \"A Psychological Examination of John Brown.\"","Two newspaper clippings: one about Fannie Cobb Carter and one about Memphis Tennessee Garrison","Obituary and other information about Major General Charles \"Jackie\" Calvin Rogers. Documents regarding the naming of a United States Army Reserve Center for him. Text of NB's speech.","Goldenseal  article about John Wesley Harris. Facsimile of newspaper clipping about Maude Beatrice Bell Plowden.","Transcript of interview with AB by Ohio State University's WOSU about Della Brown Taylor [Hardman], a graduate of Garnet High School, artist, and teacher at WVSC.","Research notes. Transcript of conversation with Bruce Rogers regarding Aunt Jemima and Bruce Family history. Facsimiles of newspaper articles regarding Aunt Jemima.","Background research about the Sargent School of Physical Education; Sydney Taylor Brown who graduated from there and then WVSC; black women in the American Red Cross; and black women's service in WWII.  American Legacy , Winter 1999. Research notes.","Facsimile of pages from  History of the American Negro,  W.Va. Edition, vol. VII, [edited] by [A. D.] Caldwell.","Print outs of web pages regarding the Tuskegee Airmen. Photograph of monument in Walterboro, SC. Newspaper clippings.","Research materials pertaining to Carter G. Woodson including: journal and magazine articles; facsimile of book pages; newspaper clippings; and a masters degree thesis. Text of speeches and programs for speeches by both AB and NB. Invitation to a reception to honor Sen. and Mrs. John F. Kennedy in Huntington, April 20, 1960.","Poems, correspondence, and other writings by Bessie Yancey, Carter G. Woodson's sister. Photocopies of journal articles and WV Collegiate Institute publications. Special Carter G. Woodson issue of  Community,  published by Friendship House, Winter 1970. Issue of  The Journal of Negro History , July 1968.","Research materials on Mollie Gabe, also known as Mary Elizabeth Johnson, midwife from Falls Mill, Braxton County.","Research materials about John P. Parker, a former slave who was active in the UGRR in Ohio. Parker was also an inventor and a business man.","Research materials about Elizabeth Simpson Drewry, McDowell County representative to the WV House of Delegates.","Letters to Bessie W. Yancey, CGW's sister. Research materials. Poem \"The Forgotten Boys.\" Correspondence re: restoration of the CGW home. Carter G. Woodson Memorial Committee and Foundation materials. Text of speech by AB. CGW stamps. Dedication of statue of CGW. Correspondence re: Ann Eliza Riddle Woodson family property. CGW genealogy prepared by Nelson Barnett, Jr. Letter from CGW to Bessie Woodson Yancey. Text of paper \"Carter G. Woodson: the West Virginia Connection.\" Photographs of CGW and kin.","Correspondence from CGW to Bessie W. Yancey, re: house in Huntington, 1941. Book contract between Bessie W. Yancey for  Echoes in the Hills  and CGW's company, The Associated Publishers, 1939. Letter re: book to CGW from BWY, 1939. Letter from John W. Davis, President WVSC, to BWY, 1945, re: Nelson Bickley. Letter from BWY to Louis R. Mehlinger re: loss of two brothers, 1950. Envelope, no contents, from Joel A Rogers, 1951. Envelope, no contents, from The Associated Publishers, 1958. Photographic negative of BWY.","Research materials including newspaper clippings, correspondence, articles, and research notes on Carter G. Woodson; Bessie W. Yancey; Black History Month; restoration of the Woodson home; and the Woodson family. Annotated copy of the paper \"Carter G. Woodson: the West Virginia Connection.\" Facscimiles of Otis Woodson and CGW photos. Photo of Bessie Woodson Yancey and letter from BWY to CGW re: poetry. Edited entry for CGW from  The Encyclopedia of Black America . List of WV Collegiate Institutue, 1920/21 and 1921/22. Facsimile of correspondence between CGW and BWY re: house.","Research materials on J. McHenry Jones including facsimiles of obituaries; other newspaper clippings; and transcriptions of clippings. Photo of Hazlewood Assembly Hall. Notes [speech?] on JMJ. Timeline with sources. Paper about JMJ by AB. Jones family history.","Pages copied from book  The Hidden Years of Stonewall Jackson  purporting that he fathered a black child. From Merle Moore.","Research materials on Tuskegee Airmen including John L. Whitehead, Jr. and William Lee Hill.","Text of a speech? \"African Americans in the West Virginia Legislature.\" Letter from C.A. Blankenship to  The Negro History Bulletin  adding names of Negroes who served in the WV Legislature, 1964. \"West Virginia's Black Female Legislators\" ca. 1991. Facsimile of photo with caption: \"President Harry S. Truman being shown a copy of America's first Black pictorial magazine. [There is some question which came first  Color  or  Ebony]  Left to right: Sippi Coleman, Pres. Truman, W.VA. Congressman, Dr. I.J.K. Wells Editor and Publisher of Color,\" ca. 1948. Newspaper clipping of article re: female legislators, 1998.","Facsimile of photo of \"Gabriel, Pardoned by VA Governor Tim Kaine, June 26, 2007.\" Research notes. Paper \"Major General Gwen McMillion Bingham,\" ca. 2011 with newspaper clipping. Facsimile of unidentified photograph of woman in uniform. Paper \"'Who Was William Cathay?' adapted from a piece in the St. Louis Daily Times, January 2, 1876.\" Poem \"Cathay Williams,\" 1997. Facsimile of enlarged photo of face of unidentified soldier. Summary/timeline for Cathay Williams/William Cathay.","Draft of \"Elizabeth Simpson Drewry, 1894-1979\"","Covers a wide range of topics on the history of Cabell County; Huntington, WV; and adjacent Ohio counties. Notable are Nelson Barnett's transcriptions of late 19th century Huntington newspaper articles regarding blacks. Also included are newspaper clippings, monographs, photos, biographies, and interviews about veterans, church history, education, organizations, and more.","\"References and Briefs to Miscellaneous Newspaper Articles, [June 15, 1872-October 21, 1898, and June 4, 1922-May 20, 1928]\" compiled by Nelson Barnett, Jr., 1988, from Huntington newspapers.","\"Black Veterans of World War I from Cabell County, W.Va., 1918.\" \"Past Imperfect, 1902: Articles of Interest, [Nov. 13, 1901-Dec. 31, 1901]\" compiled by Nelson Barnett, Jr. from Huntington newspapers.","\"Past-Imperfect, 1901: Articles of Interest, [Jan. 7, 1901-May 28, 1901]\" compiled by Nelson Barnett, Jr. from Huntington newspapers","Resources about blacks in Huntington and Cabell County. Includes a bibliography of  Goldenseal  articles about blacks. Other resources are church histories, listings of names, facsimiles of book chapters and papers, newspaper clippings, interviews, handwritten research notes, and more.","\"Progress of the Huntington Negro\" by Prof. J. W. Scott","\"A Black History of Huntington\" by Edna Duckworth, 1976. Genealogy for Edna Duckworth. \"Biohistrogenetics Project Proposal\" to the Carter G. Woodson Memorial Foundation, 1996-1997; Duckworth is listed as the visionary.","Marriage records, late 19th century, Cabell County.","Correspondence with Clara Knight. Facsimiles of Greenbottom Church, Huntington, records listing black members. Records regarding John Ball freeing his slaves, 1793. Map of Millersport, OH, 1887.","Correspondence with Bill Lindsay re: blacks in Huntington and Pocahontas County","Two newspaper clippings: one about Nellie Fransisco [sic] and AB's research about blacks on the Ohio River.","\"A Black History of Huntington\" by Edna Duckworth, [1976]. Census data for black families in Lawrence County, Ohio; 1850, 1860.","Photos of black workers in C\u0026O shop including Anderson Radford, AB's grandfather. Correspondence; transcription of newspaper articles; research notes; biographical sketches; photos of Goodes; newspaper clippings; church histories and programs; facsimiles of book pages; transcription of interviews; and bibliography.","Research notes. Photos. Paper \"Black People and the Huntington Experience.\" Project, \"A Sojourn for Truth: Revisiting Black History Along the Ohio River,\" overview. Research materials re: Huntington, Cabell County, and parts of Ohio. Transcript of interview with Suzette Spencer. \"The West Virginia Colored Children's Home\" by Ancella R. Bickley. \"Poke Patch/Black Fork, Ohio\"","Research notes on Douglass School. Typewritten notes on Douglass School, 1891-1924. Notes from conversation with Nellie Francisco. Handwritten transcription of article, 1902.","Covers research about blacks in Charlestown and Harpers Ferry as well as other locations in Jefferson County. Materials include obituaries, school histories, correspondence, cemetery records, research notes, and more about school integration, Storer College, slave collars, Fisherman's Hall, and more.","Research materials regarding blacks in Charlestown. Obituary for former slave George Jenkins in Huntington, 1917.","Paper about St. Philip's parochial school by James A. Tolbert. Materials re: Sons of Confederate Veterans tablet in Harper's Ferry. Other research materials re: Jefferson County and Charlestown.","Photos of a slave collar. Correspondence re: acquiring the collar for the Henrietta slave ship exhibit.","Correspondence with James Tolbert re: black CCC camp, McDowell County; Black History Conference; Fisherman's Hall, Charlestown, restoration; Harewood Cemetery, Jefferson County; marker for Martin Delany, Charlestown.","Research materials re: Harpers Ferry, the National Park, and Storer College.","Typewritten text of speech at Shepherd College, 2004. Transcript \"Discussion of Integration of Schools in Jefferson County: Jim Tolbert.\"","Handwritten research notes mostly re: John Brown and Harpers Ferry, ca. 2000.","Covers research about blacks in the WV Capitol, Charleston, and other locations in Kanawha County. Topics covered include slavery in the salt industry, biographies, wine cellars, and buildings. Contents include correspondence, facsimiles of documents, research papers, obituaries, newspaper clippings and more.","Research materials about slavery in West Virginia with focus on Kanawha County and the salt industry","Research materials on black attorney Thomas Gillis Nutter.","Research materials on Charleston, WV including: \"Unpublished Black History in the Early Kanawha Valley\" by William D. Wintz; \"Blacks in Charleston, West Virginia: A Survey of Their Presence in the Community and Occupational and Residential Patterns in the Early 1900s\" by Mary Johnson, WVU student. Research materials regarding Oscar Wayman Holmes, the first African American naval aviator and obituaries for C.H. James, prominent black businessman. Text of speech, \"Black People in Charleston,\" 1994.","Research materials on the Dutch Hollow wine cellars in Dunbar.","Documents regarding Samuel W. Starks and the Starks House in Charleston. Correspondence regarding its being put on the National Register of Historic Places.","Correspondence with Eugene Washington re: Phillis Wheatley School and Albert G. Brown, architect.","Excludes Cabell, Jefferson, and Kanawha Counties which have separate subseries. Includes research materials about slavery, school integration, lynching, historic homes, and more researched by Bickley for these counties: Wayne, McDowell, Harrison, Greenbrier, Hardy, Fayette, Monongalia, Upshur, Wood, and Monroe; as well as the cities of Bluefield, Buckhannon, Keystone, Weirton, Weston, and Wheeling. Research materials include photographs, correspondence, brochures, newspaper clippings, book pages, articles, interviews, and more.","Various documents regarding blacks in Wayne County, WV; the Livisay family; writings by Tim R. Massey, 1981; the Lindsey family; photograph and negatives of a photograph of a black family.","Research materials on McDowell County, WV, with focus on the towns of Keystone and Keystone. Letters and notes from Adolphus A. Young, Jr.","Program for \"Freedom Is a Struggle: Glimpses of African-American Life in the Greenbrier Valley of [West] Virginia.\" Brochure \"Black Historic Sites in Lewisburg, West Virginia.\"","Newspaper clipping about Sarah Hall, black lawyer. Facsimiles of research materials. \"The History of the Negro in McDowell County and in West Virginia Leading Up to and Including the Integration of Schools\" by Dr. Douglass T. Murray. Typewritten notes from Adolphus Young, Jr. Correspondence with Alphonso Dalton, Jr. regarding MTG and black McDowell County families","Facsimile of 1952 newspaper article regarding slaves listed in 1848 Harrison County tax book. Slave owners are listed and includes Nathan Goff.","Paper, author unidentified, regarding lynching in WV. Research materials about slaves in Greenbrier County","Correspondence regarding letter from a slave asking to be purchased by Stump family [1851]. Facsimile of letter.","Research notes and resources regarding Glenwood, historic home in Charleston. Clarksburg newspaper article of reminiscences of a former slave, Ann Freeman and others. Clarksburg newspaper article regarding Union Veterans Association.","Research materials for Fayette County including contacts list, newspaper articles, maps, facsimiles of pages from books, student research paper, church histories, handwritten research notes, and grant applications. Correspondence with and Lucille Meadows and her handwritten reminiscences.","Newspaper articles, facsimiles of historical records. Partial manuscript for  To Be Black in Fayette  and annotated pages. \"Black Politics in Fayette County, West Virginia, 1896-1918\" by Daniel Wright. Text of speech by Daniel Wright. Brochure titled \"Camp Washington-Carver: a Compendium of the First African-American 4-H Camp.\"","Research materials and research notes:  Monongalia Blacks Speak : Women, Part II and Men, Part I, Holland family, schools. Interview with Grace Edwards Waters.","Research materials about Weirton.","Research materials about Upshur County. Facsimiles of articles written by R.H. Ralston, Sr. regarding Buckhannon's black history; newspaper clippings. \"A History of Blacks in Buckhannon: The Recollections of Harriet Warfield,\" an interview with Harriet Warfield, 1977.","Research materials regarding blacks in Wheeling. \"Wheeling's Black Population: A General Perspective\" written and presented by Darryl Clausell, Pat Dudley, with contributors Kathryn Snead and Dorothy Cooper, 1990. Correspondence with Margaret Brennan. Photo of AB, Pat Dudley, Brennan, and Annie Tanks at an Oral History Seminar in Wheeling.","Correspondence regarding Memphis Tennessee Garrison. Research materials on Gary and other McDowell County locales: newspaper clippings,  Goldenseal  article.","Papers by Wheeling Jesuit Students Joel Michael Coulson and Beau Conway.","Research resources regarding blacks in Fayette County, WV, including transcripts of oral history interviews with Lucille Meadows, Mrs. Turner, Charista Davis, Lula Lall Jones, Rosa Roach and Jessie Barrett; correspondence, church histories and programs. Includes Smoot family information.","Transcripts of interviews with Alease Watkins, David W. Turner, Russell Lee Matthews, and Elsie Choice Hopkins. Also, includes research notes, newspaper clippings, a grant application, facsimiles of book pages, and correspondence.","Photo of Lomax Hospital in Bluefield. Brochures for Afro-Appalachian Performance Company. Correspondence with Joseph Bundy re: history alive performances. Research materials about black Bluefield hospitals.","Correspondence with Ray Swick re: blacks in Wood County. Research notes. Correspondence with the Wood County Bicentennial Commission re: speech.","Court record for  Mullens v. County Court , 1932. Facsimile of WV entry from  100 Years of Lynchings  by Ralph Ginzburg. \"The Greenbrier County Lynching: a Study of West Virginian Justices\" by Ancella Bickley Livers. \"'Reading the Names,' Program at Virginia State University.\"","Research notes re: Parkersburg black history. Facsimile of letter and transcription of letter from ex-slave Isaac Fairfax to George Washington Henderson.","Letter from Charles (Charley) Goddard re: Greenbrier County history and Sharlotta Gardner contact information.","Copy of photo and negative of lynching. Photos of black children. Note from Maurice Allman, Hacker's Creek Pioneer Descendants. Transcripts of  Weston Democrat  articles re: 1892 lynching of Edgar Jones. Transcripts re: 1910 lynching. Research notes on these incidents. Application for the Weston Colored School to be placed on the National Register of Historical Places. Research notes re: Weston State Hospital. Correspondence re: dedication of the Central West Virginia Genealogical and Historical Library, formerly the Weston Colored School. Handwritten transcription of interview with Rahleen Gardner who attended the School. Transcript of conversation with Mrs. Joy Gilchrist, 1992.","Transcripts of interviews with Mr. Waldo Lacy and Mrs. Gladys Lacy. Facsimile of newspaper article of speech by T.J. Ferguson, 1870. Research materials on the Sumner School. History of Parkersburg from Bernie Allen. Facsimile of books pages, newspaper articles, and transcription of newspaper articles. Parkersburg Art Center brochure featuring Joseph Eldridge Dodd. Text for slide show (no slides). Typewritten outline of \"Parkersburg Study.\"","Facsimiles of newspaper articles. Correspondence with Ray Swick, Blennerhassett Island State Park. Research materials about blacks in Wood County. Research notes. \"A History of Sumner School\" written by Sally Browning, 1996.  The Island Packet  from the Friends of Blennerhassett Island.","Background research on blacks in Monroe County. Correspondence with Fawn Valentine and Presidents of the Monroe County Historical Society. \"Bishop Matthew W. Clair, Sr.: a Biography\" by Dr. Margaret B. Ballard, 1973.","Includes programs, bulletins, correspondence, research notes, and histories of black West Virginia churches in Fayetteville, Charleston, Charlestown, Fairmont, St. Albans, Parkersburg, Huntington, and Alderson. Also includes a history of churches and lodges in West Virginia as well as histories of the Odd Fellows, Knights of Pythias, and the Galilean Fisherman lodges. Denominations represented include African Methodist Episcopal, Episcopalian, and Baptist.","Correspondence with Lucile S. Meadows regarding help with the Second Baptist Church, Fayetteville, Centennial; racial tolerance in schools","\"125th Anniversary Journal\" First Baptist Church, February 1, 1868-February 28, 1993, Charleston, WV","Time line for black Episcopalians in WV. \"The First Hundred Years: a History of St. Philip's Episcopal Church, Charles Town.\" Research notes and sources. Humanities Foundation of WV grant application by Florita Montgomery to study the history of St. Phillips' Episcopal Church. Information on the Trinity Church in Parkersburg. Photograph including some black congregants.","1907 Weekly Bulletin of Diamond St. M.E. Church in Fairmont","Book titled  Miracle on B Street Continues  about St. Paul Baptist Church's (St. Albans) 131st anniversary.","Letter re: slide presentation at the Young Chapel African American Methodist Episcopal Church. Program for the 94th Church Anniversary. Handwritten time line and other notes. Booklet of photographs, text of Bickley's speech, newspaper clipping.","\"Black Churches and Lodges in West Virginia in Their Infancy, 1865-1900\" by J. Reuben Sheeler. \"History of Bright Hope Lodge #9, F.\u0026A.M. and - P.H.A. Montgomery WV.\" Facsimile of pages \"Introduction and Growth of the Grand United States Order of Odd Fellows in America.\" Notes \"Knights of Pythias of West Virginia History\" researched by James A. Tolbert. Notes about \"Grand United Order of the Galilean Fisherman\" compiled by Ann Wilson.","Email correspondence with Adrienne Belafonte re: a newspaper article about the Shiloh Baptist Church in Alderson. Clipping of the article.","Program for First Baptist Church 125th Anniversary, 1997. Program for installation of Rev. William F. Buchanan, First Baptist Church, 1988.","Includes newspaper clippings, text for presentations, correspondence, research notes, articles, commencement programs, interviews and more about state and national teachers' organizations, historically black WV colleges including West Virginia State College and West Virginia University, integration of schools, histories of specific schools, the Kanawha County textbook controversy, and more.","Newspaper articles: WV Education Association (WVEA) Executive Committee meeting, the National Education Association (NEA) and the need for minority teachers; and recommendations from the Black Caucus,  WV School Journal , December 15, 1973. Photograph of Blacks in auditorium seating, ca. 1950s","Multiple facsimiles of a post card picturing Albert Long, \"Bertie\" -- Aunt Onie's Son. West Virginia State College Commencement Programs: 1948, 1950, 1951","Information sheets and travel plans for trip to Egypt, July 5, 1987, sponsored by WVSC. Passport and Visa information written on folder.","Various versions of text for a multi-media program on the history of West Virginia State College (WVSC) and Institute, WV","Letter to Edmonia Grider from Marjorie [Counts] regarding the Hilltop School, October 7, 1974.","Manuscript discussing integration and black teachers in WV, author unknown. Speech (?) regarding school integration. Research notes. Annotated speech: \"Black Education in West Virginia\" delivered in Shepherdstown.","Research materials on the integration of WV schools: facsimiles of WV newspaper articles regarding integration of schools; \"How Black Students Saw Themselves through the Decades of Change at Bluefield State College (founded in 1895) as It Changed from Predominately Black Institution to a Predominantly White Institution\" by James Worsham","Program for the Alpha Delta Chapter, Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc. 19th annual Jabberwock, March 16th, 1949. Dance invitation, 1948. WVSC Commencement program, 1949. Washington Alumni Chapter banquet, 1976, to roast John W. Davis. Newspaper articles","Vocational and Educational Survey for the Kanawha County Negro Schools  by Andrew H. Calloway, 1945.","Correspondence, photos, newsletter, and newspaper clippings regarding the Douglass High School (Huntington) Reunion. Notes on class of 1947. Newspaper clipping regarding NB. Photo YWCA Y-Teens, Douglas High School, Christmas, 1946.","Research notes on schools in Keyser and Piedmont, WV, including a facsimile of book pages from  Howard School: a History, 1877-1955 regarding a black student strike for a better school in 1939. Notes on interview with Alberta Coleman, Piedmont, WV. Notes from interview with Opal Coates Carter, and other research notes, regarding Woolworth Fire, Charleston, WV, [ca. 1964s].","Compilation, by R. Charles Byers, of resources regarding WV black schools.","Annotated pages for \"Integration in West Virginia\"","Bulletin of West Virginia State College , Series 21, no. 1, June 1933. \"Why Choose West Virginia State College\"","Affirmative action statistics for Bluefield State College, 1984. \"Pride and Preservation: West Virginia State College\" seminars which included Alex Haley as a speaker, 1979. Newspaper article re: archives at West Virginia State College, 1979.  Southern Rural Women's Network Newsletter , June, 1983. Photograph of Alex Haley with inscription and signed letter from Alex Haley to NB, 1970.","Research notes and materials for research on education in Mason County, WV","Research materials regarding the Lincoln School in Wheeling, WV","West Virginia State College Bulletin , April 1941, Series 28, No. 2. Handwritten transcription of an article in  The Advocate , 1907.","Program for One Hundred Fifth Commencement, Huntington High School, 1971. Photo of AB, West Virginia State College Commencement, May 17, 1986.","Report of the Twenty-first Annual NEA Conference on Human and Civil Rights in Education , 1983, including paper by AB on the Kanawha County textbook controversy and censorship.","Facsimile of a brief historical sketch of Storer College, 1867-1891, by Kate J. Anthony, 1891.","Newspaper clippings and other sources relating to the West Virginia Seminary and College and the Hilltop Baptist Center.","\"Integration in Reverse at West Virginia State College\" by Elizabeth Duran and James A. Duran, Jr.","Correspondence, interviews, newspaper clippings, and facsimiles of photos re: WVSC's East Hall. Research notes.","WV Humanities Council grant application for a presentation on black education in Parkersburg. Research materials and notes. Handwritten and typed notes from interviews with Mrs. Dorsey, Mr. James Emondson, Mrs. Hattie Gazelle Turner, and Mrs. Elizabeth Mitchell. Particular focus on the Sumner School.","Photo slides of WVSC buildings, presidents, etc. Post cards of WVSC buildings and Institute. Note cards from a lecture. Research materials on all aspects of WVSC history.","Research materials on many aspects of WVSC history including faculty information. Includes these publications: \"ROTC in Review: 40 Years of Tradition;\" \"West Virginia State College Glee Club;\" Alumni Association, Los Angeles Chapter, Scholarship Luncheon program, 1989;","Program for Convocation and Dedication of the Harold Maceo McNeill Physical Facilities Plant, WVSC, 1999.","Letter from AB re: retirement of Justine Gutzmer; retirement announcement for Gerald Cote, Beatrice Dupass, Gutzmer, and Darthulia Jones. Facsimile of WWII death notice of Oliver Johnson to his parents and his obituary. Johnson was Gutzmer's brother.","Booklet of texts and order of ceremonies for the WVSC commencement program, 1985.","Includes background research on the Montgomery Woman's Improvement League, the West Virginia Federation of Colored Women's Clubs, Alpha Omicron Omega Chapter of the Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, the Mountain State Bar Association, and the West Virginia Medical Society. Research materials include a yearbook, programs, correspondence, a members list, and more.","Montgomery Woman's Improvement League Year Book , 1955-56 and 1960-61. Program for West Virginia State Federation of Colored Women's Clubs, Inc. Annual Convention, 1959. Newspaper photojournalism article regarding the College Alumni Club 50th anniversary history booklet. Program for the Annual Debutante Ball sponsored by Alpha Omicron Omega Chapter, Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, 1958. Correspondence with Katherine Atwater regarding resources.","Program for the Annual Meeting and Awards Banquet of the Mountain State Bar Association, 1985. List of members, 1986.","Paper titled \"The West Virginia Medical Society [Black]\" Article: \"Historically Black Medical Colleges: From Scorn to Success\" from  The Boule Journal , 2004.","This subseries includes maps, research papers, newspaper clippings, letters, census data, newspaper articles, facsimiles of historical slave documents, and more. Other materials regarding slavery can be found in county subseries and the Underground Railroad Subseries.","West Virginia map. \"Number of Slaves in Counties Which Became WV\" 1850, 1860. Typescript of  Historical Atlas of West Virginia  by Frank S. Riddel.","Handwritten notes on John Marshall; Marshall and slavery; Marshall and Robin Spurlock, his servant. Typed observations. Resource materials.","Facsimiles of legislation and resolutions to abolish slavery; and a list of representatives at the state convention in Wheeling.","Research materials. Typewritten manuscript[s] by James Oliver Horton. Codes for occupations. Copy of newspaper article.","Newspaper clipping and multiple facsimiles of an article about a slave breeding farm in Greenup, KY.","Research materials about slaves in Ohio Valley plantations and adjacent WV counties. Photocopies of photographs of Mary and plantation sites.","Facsimiles of: newpaper slave ads; Virginia law re: Kanawha Slave Insurance Company; Dunsmore's Proclamation freeing slaves; Va. Law to send slave to Liberia; slaves in Bunker Hill; New York Times article re: slave uprising; and drawing of [Harpers Ferry]. Harpers Ferry National Historical Park Afro-American materials. \"History of Gerrardstown\" in  The Berkeley Journal . Handwritten list of properties, including slave names, of Richard B. Washington, [1864]. Letter of transmittl and facsimile of bill of sale for slave, 18[4]5. Transcription of Rumsey-Polk letters re: slaves.","Handwritten research notes and research materials regarding reparations for slavery; text of NB speech; typewritten notes.","Annotated manuscript \"Compensatory Justice: Over Time and Between Groups\" by Renee A. Hill; text of introduction of a speech about reparations; newsapper clippings; web page print outs; articles.","West Virginia and Regional History Collection Newsletter  with articles re: slave letters.  West Virginia Then and Now  article re: John Brown's letter. Research re: images of blacks in journalism. Research notes.","Facsimile of tables of free Negro listings from 1830 census. \"Researching Virginia's Slave and Free Negro Records\"","Facsimile of newspaper article, 1934, re: Mount Pisgah Church, Proctorville, OH. \"The Way It Was…\" by Betty Burcham, a history of UGRR and Mount Pisgah Church. Facsimile of will of Eliza Goode freeing Sully Smith, her husband and her slave, 1848. Facsimile of two receipts for purchase of slaves, 1852. Research notes re: Ohio slaves and fugitives to WV.","This subseries includes text of a speech made by Bickley, books, slides, photographs, brochures, post cards, correspondence, maps, and more. The materials focus on parts of Ohio across the river from Huntington as well as West Virginia. Some topics are quilt codes, abolitionists, runaway slaves, location of Underground Railroad sites, and more.","Research materials about Serena Wilson and the book  Hidden in Plain View: The Secret Story of Quilts and the Underground Railroad.","Photos \"Trip to Doddridge County to visit Jaco Hill/cave - UGRR Site - w/Karen Nance, Sandra Moats, \u0026 Judy Wilinson, 6/20/01. Other research materials","Research materials on the Underground Railroad with focus on Ohio.","Brochures and post cards regarding the UGRR and the film \"Nightjohn.\" Correspondence with Margaret Brennan, organizer for the UGRR Summit in Wheeling. \"Reflections on the West Virginia UGRR Summit\" by Cathy D. Nelson; photo of AB speaking at the Summit and with Amanda Nelson and Sherry [Sowchuck].","Correspondence from Alicestyne Turley-Adams re: Underground Railroad Network Partnership.","Correspondence with Lucille Deberry and other research materials re: the UGRR, some in West Virginia.","Correspondence with Sandra Moats-Burke re: UGRR in WV counties.  Exploring a Common Past: Researching and Interpreting the Underground Railroad , 1998, 2nd ed. from the National Park Service. List of UGRR sites in WV.","Photograph slides, numbered and identified. Research materials mostly about Ohio. \"Draft Proposal to Establish a National Underground Commemorative, Interpretive, and Research Center, City of Huntington, West Virginia\" 1994. Itinerary for trip to Washington to meet with Interior Dept. officials and Robert C. Byrd's staff.","Book chapter \"In Gallia and Miegs Counties\" from  The Mysteries of Ohio's Underground Railroad  by Wilbur Henry Siebert, 1951. Facsimile of handwritten narrative by an abolitionist, [1892]. Facsimile of letter from R. C. Rankin re: father Rev. John Rankin, 1892. Research notes on WV runaway slaves. Facsimile of letter to Daniel ? to Cyrus Little re: UGRR, 1894. Map of UGRR, 1860. Requests for copies from the Siebert papers. More facsimiles of records.","Background materials on the Underground Railroad in Ohio.","Research materials including newspaper clippings and research notes on the Underground Railroad","Research materials re: the Underground Railroad. Research notes.","Facsimiles of documents pertaining to slaves in Jefferson County, VA. Itinerary for Underground Railroad tours [Ohio?].  The Escape of Jane: a True Story of the Underground Railroad  by Henry Burke \u0026 Dick Croy. Henry Robert Burke correspondence. Brochure on Henderson Hall, Wood County. Dick Croy correspondence and resume. Newspaper articles by Burke. \"Black Cultural Sites in West Virginia\" compiled by Michael Pauley and Peter Jesus, 1990","Correspondence with Sandra Moats-Burke re: UGRR. WV and county maps. Facsimile of pages from \"From the Charles River Shire, 1634-1643, to the Present Day Counties: Harrison, Doddridge, Ritchie, Wood, Pleasants and Tyler\" by Barr Wilson. Research materials on the UGRR. Research notes. \"The Anti-Slavery Movement in West Virginia,\" a speech delivered by Sandra Moats Burke.","Research materials re: quilts and the Underground Railroad, 2001-2011. Notes re: Eliza Farrow, 2005. Paper \"The UGRR Quilt Code\" by Leigh Fellner. Research notes; newspaper clipping; facsimile of web page and transcription of story in an email \"Secret Quilt Code on Exhibit until 10/6,\" 2012; and September 2012 issue of Underground Railroad Free Press.\" Mini-grant for UGRR quilts materials, 2013.","Underground Railroad: Official National Park Handbook .","Includes manuscripts and publications for books; plays and reenactor monologues; short stories; magazine and scholarly articles; and other forms of writing in both print and handwriting. Five subseries encompass the various genres of her writing. Also includes background and research materials for the subjects for her writings, both fiction and non-fiction.","Includes research materials for topics of articles. Subjects and formats treated are: encyclopedia entries in the biographical dictionary African American Architects; drafts and final versions of entries for both people and institutions for the West Virginia Encyclopedia; drafts and final versions of articles about Molly Gabe and Carter G. Woodson for Appalachian Heritage; newspaper articles for the Charleston (WV) Gazette Mail and Village Neighbors (FL) on a number of topics including George Wesley Atkinson, 10th governor of West Virginia, but especially for Black History Month and its founder Carter G. Woodson; Goldenseal articles about a Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) camp, Jessie Moon Thomas, Edward Greer, the Charleston Women's Improvement League, Memphis Tennessee Garrison, and West Virginia's Tuskegee Airmen; contribution to a symposium on diversity and change for Appalachian youth; and a study guide for a Charleston, WV, performance of Zora Neale Hurston's Spunk.","Articles by Ancella Bickley from the  Goldenseal Magazine","Correspondence regarding use of the Goldenseal article \"Camp War: Remembering CCC Company 3538-C\" in an online education guide by the WV State Museum.","Annotated manuscript and research notes for Goldenseal article \"Education and Activism in Gary: a Visit with Jessie Moon Thomas.\" Correspondence with Mrs. Thomas including notes on the Froe and Moon families.","Issue of the journal  Appalachian Heritage  containing AB article \"Profiles: Mollie Gabe\" by Ancilla  [sic]  Bickley.","\"Remembering Carter G. Woodson, the 'Father of Black History'\" in  Village Neighbors , [a publication of the Village in Florida where the Bickley's resided.] Typed notes on Carter G. Woodson. Transcription of letter from Bessie Woodson Yancey, CGW's sister, including text of the poem \"If You Live in West Virginia.\" CGW black history quiz prepared for the Spicy Ladies meeting.","Typed text of autobiographical musings about friendship: likens travel in the south in 1952 to the Underground Railroad travel; and includes details about the move to Morgantown in 1966.","Correspondence with  Goldenseal  regarding \"Edward Greer: First Black General from West Virginia\" and potential story about 1939 black student strike in Piedmont, WV. Manuscripts for Greer article.","Correspondence and drafts of a  Goldenseal  article \"Lifting as We Climb\" about the Charleston Woman's Improvement League. Research materials including facsimiles of photographs. Newspaper article about Judge Irene Berger, McDowell County.","Research materials on Carl Eugene Barnett and Robert Edward Lee Washington for entries in  African American Architects: A Biographical Dictionary, 1865-1945 .","Spiral bound program for  A Different World: Symposium on Diversity, Change, and Appalachian Youth,  2006, where Bickley was a panelist.","Appalachian Heritage , Summer 2008, which includes \"Carter G. Woodson: the West Virginia Connection\" by Ancella Bickley","Appalachian Heritage , Special Issue: Blacks in Appalachia, 1991, which includes Bickley's \"Molly Gabe\" in the Profiles section.","Goldenseal , Winter 2011, containing AB's article \"General Edward Greer: West Virginia's First Black General.\"","Correspondence with Dreck S. Wilson re: contribution to the book  Biographical Dictionary of African-American Architects, 1865-1945.","Research materials about George Wesley Atkinson, tenth governor of WV who attended Howard University. Paper titled \"West Virginia's Tenth Governor and the Black Community\" and newspaper article by AB.","Research materials re: the West Virginia Colored Orphans Home. Newspaper article written by AB. Testimonial for Fannie Cobb Carter. Research notes. Facsimiles of photos. Transcript of interview with Araminta Miller Justice. AB's paper about the Home.","Manuscript drafts and final versions for entries in the West Virginia Encyclopedia. Materials from West Virginia Humanities Council meetings re: the format and content of the Encyclopedia","Appalachian Heritage, Special Issue: Blacks in Appalachia,  Fall 1991, with article by AB in the Profiles Section on Mollie Gabe.","Musings written to friends, 1996. Clipping of \"Commentary: Capable of Thinking, Working…and Paying Her Own Bills,\" 1979, Ancella Bickley Jr.","Processor-created bibliography of Ancella Bickley's writings","Includes books written, complied, or edited by Bickley, and background research materials and drafts of manuscripts. Books Bickley wrote include: a children's book,   LuJay, No-Name, and the Parrot , also titled  Lucia Jean, No Name, and the Parrot  ;   …to be black in fayette  [sic];   History of the West Virginia State Teacher's Association ; and   In Spite of Obstacles: a History of the West Virginia Schools for Colored Deaf and Blind . Books edited by Bickley include:  Honoring Our Past: Proceedings of the First Two Conferences on West Virginia's Black History ;  Memphis Tennessee Garrison: the Remarkable Story of a Black Appalachian Woman ; and   Our Mount Vernons: Historic Register Listing of Sites Significant to the Black History of West Virginia .","Typed manuscripts, 1-14 parts, of 1968 oral history interview with Garrison by Bernard Cleveland, with AB notes and Post-it-Note tabs.","Draft of book introduction; correspondence; photos and negatives for book: MTG and family, Gary WV, mining, Edward O'Toole, facsimiles of photos. Facsimiles of William Garrison's obituary, letter of condolence from Agatha S. Lowe. Program for MTG celebration at Marshall. Personal notes of congratulations on book. Photograph permissions. Facsimile of deed for MTG's grandfather's property, Hollins, VA.","\"The Charleston Stage Company's Study Guide for George C. Wolfe's Adaptation of Zora Neale Hurston's  Spunk \"","Honoring Our Past: Proceedings of the First Two Conferences on West Virginia's Black History  edited by Joe William Trotter, Jr. and Ancella Bickley","Text and illustrations for [children's] book  Lucia Jean, No Name, and the Parrot  as told to Ancella. Original illustrations by S. Ross Browne.","Manuscript for \"Papers from the Conference on West Virginia's Black History, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia, September 1991\" Facsimile of a book chapter \"Negro Education and Integration.\" Facsimile of photograph of students at Weston Colored School.","Spiral bound  The Gathering .","Our Mount Vernons: Historic Register Listings of Sites Significant to the Black History of West Virginia  edited by Ancella R. Bickley.","History of the West Virginia State Teachers' Association  by Ancella R. Bickley; program for The Carter G. Woodson Memorial Foundation, Inc. annual banquet, 2006; research notes on  History of Negro Secondary Education in McDowell County, WV.","In Spite of Obstacles: a History of the West Virginia Schools for the Colored Deaf and Blind, 1926-1955  by Ancella Bickley.","Memphis Tennessee Garrison: the Remarkable Story of a Black Appalachian Woman  edited by Ancella R. Bickley and Lynda Ann Ewen.","Our Mount Vernons: Historic Register Listings of Sites Significant to the Black History of West Virginia  edited by Ancella R. Bickley. Program for Second Baptist Church in Fayetteville, 1993","Manuscript for  …to be black in fayette  written and compiled by Ancella R. Bickley for The Centennial Committee of the Second Baptist Church of Fayetteville, West Virginia, and The Fayette County Black Caucus.","Permissions to publish papers in  Honoring Our Past: Procedures of the First Two Conferences on West Virginia's Black History .","Correspondence with Joe William Trotter. Research notes. Materials relating to the Second Annual Conference on West Virginia's Black History and a paper on James McHenry Jones. Trotter's syllabus for a seminar \"The Afro-American Experience.\" \"Blacks in West Virginia: A Critique of the Secondary Literature and Survey of Primary Sources\" by Joe W. Trotter.","Galley proof of the children's book,  LuJay, No-Name, and the Parrot  by Ancella R Bickley, illustrated by S. Ross Browne. Handwritten list of names.","…to be black in fayette  written and compiled by Ancella R. Bickley for The Centennial Committee of the Second Baptist Church of Fayetteville, West Virginia and The Fayette County Black Caucus.","Includes full plays, skits, and historical interpreter scripts depicting characters such as: Ester from the Bible; West Virginia men and women such as Molly Gabe from Braxton County; Deborah Lacks Pullum, daughter of Henrietta Lacks; and many more. Includes manuscripts for a collaboration with Maureen Crocket in writing \"Tangled Threads: a Three Act Play\" and other plays. For \"Two Saint Say,\" a play performed at the Central Florida Community College, materials include an audition announcement, program, newspaper clipping, and correspondence. Also included is a newspaper clipping and details about Bickley's winning the Florida Senior Playwright Festival contest with \"Wade in the Water.\"","Newspaper article about the play  Two Saint Say  and its performance.","\"Historical Information Re: Milly, Enslaved Black Woman on Whom the Character, OAGE, in  Toussaint Say  Is Based\" Handwritten research notes.","Manuscript for \"Wade in the Water: a Play in One Act\" by Ancella R. Bickley. Correspondence regarding performance.","Manuscripts and notes for \"Mother Love: a Three Act Play\" by Ancella Bickley and Maureen Crockett. Annotated text.","Program for performance of  Two Saint Say  at the Central Florida Community College, February-March, [2008] Print of online article from the  Ocala Star Banner  added by processor.","Two Saint Say  and AB typed comments","Annotated \"In the Name of Woman.\" Facsimile of pages from 1909 court docket book, County of Allegheny (PA) and court case upon which the play is based.","Correspondence with Maureen 'Bunny' Crockett and Bobbi (bjslake@comcast.net) regarding changes to the play  Tangled Threads . Typed pages with annotations regarding black history. \"Mother Love: a Three Act Play\" by Ancella Bickley and Maureen Crockett.","Newspaper clipping for \"Villager's Work Winds Playwright Contest.\"\" Congratulatory email for selection of  Wade in the Water  for the Florida Senior Playwright Festival. Email commenting on inspiration for various plays. Lyrics for the spiritual \"Wade in the Water.\"","Scripts for historical interpreters for Deborah Lacks Pullum, Henrietta Lacks' daughter; and Henrietta Lacks. \"It Ain't Her: a One Act Play.\" Script for historical interpreter for Ona \"Oney\" Judge; Robert Smalls, 1839-1915; Callie House; and Percy Julian. Research notes on Dr. James Marion Sims and other projects. Program for WVU Honors College Symposium \"With a Torch in Their Souls: African Americans in the Civil War\"","Script for historical interpreter for Charles Hamilton Houston presented for the African-American Club, 2011; Gabriel; and Henrietta Lacks.","Research notes. Text of play \"And Further She Sayeth Naught.\" Text of play \"Heritage: an Historical Drama in Three Acts\" by Ancella Bickley and Maureen Crockett.","Two Saint Say: A Play in Two Acts . Auditions announcement. Correspondence regarding the production. Proposal to produce the play from the director Bobbi Jordan.","Correspondence regarding Megan Forrest, actress. Double sided card featuring photos of Ms. Forrest and a brief overview of future endeavors.","Brief plays regarding voting issues including: lack of attention to candidates and issues, campaign spending, voter assistance, pay for voting, etc. Unidentified group photograph. Handwritten dialog.","Two Saint Say: a Play in Two Acts  [performed at] Central Florida Community College, Ocala, Florida, February 29-March 1, 2008.","Submission form for  Wade in the Wate r for the Florida Senior Playwright Festival. Manuscript for Wade in the Water. Email update for Festival.","Manuscript for \"The Crossing,\" a play. Photocopied page regarding Mollie Gabe and her time in Braxton County.","Typed manuscript for a play  Tangled Threads .","\"On This Rock,\" a play; one annotated. Handwritten notes on \"A Last Right\" and \"A Good Christian Woman.\" Recommended edits to Bickley's writing? Short stories, \"The User\" and \"Feelin' the Heat\" by Charles Lloyd.","Traditions: A Journal of West Virginia Folk Culture and Educational Awareness , 1996, which includes Bickley's \"The Baby Catcher\"","Spiral bound  Two Saint Say: a Play in Two Acts  by Ancella Bickley","Research and performance notes for  Tangled Threads: A Three Act Play  by Ancella R. Bickley and Maureen Crockett. Lists of guests who read parts, 2014. Comments from readers.","Annotated  Tangled Threads , 2008.","Tangled Threads  labeled \"Work Copy\"","Tangled Threads","Annotated \"I-John,\" a play.","Table of contents for Skit of Ester, 2010. Web page re: Esther. Typed page re: Haman, Mordecai, and Esther. Chapter summaries. Typed paper about Queen Vashti. Two typewritten pages from larger document. Letter to Jerome re: return of skit manuscript. Letter to Jerome re: transmittal of skit text and masks for players. Handwritten, not AB's handwriting, notes. Three \"masks,\" made from paper fans, and for 6 characters.","Includes manuscripts and edited manuscripts for many stories and a collection of short stories,  Turn Left at the Desert  . Bickley's stories are mostly historical character studies and include themes such as faith and community. One highlight is a critical review of Bickley's short story \"Martha,\" a part of the anthology  Appalachian Love Stories  .","Manuscripts: \"Gabe,\" \"Turn Left at the Desert: Verbal 'Snapshots' from a Black Community\" contents, \"Jones,\" \"The Church on the Corner,\" and \"Sister Angelica.\"","Annotated story manuscripts. \"'Jones': Manuscript Submitted for Workshop, Women Writers Conference\" and reviewed by Faith [Holsart?]","Annotated manuscript for the story \"On This Rock;\" the play  Tangled Threads ; and the story \"It Ain't Her\"","Correspondence regarding writing critiques. Text of \"Mr. Adams,\" \"The Church on the Corner,\" \"Gabe,\" \"Angie's Uncle Robert,\" three versions of \"Mr. Abe Jackson,\" \"The Battle of the Bottle,\" \"DoeDoe,\" \"Addie,\" \"Lesey, Who Was Black, But Comely,\" \"The Lavender Hat,\" and \"A Day in the Park.\" AB commentary on stories.","Review of \"Martha.\" Text of \"Martha.\"","Manuscripts and notes for \"It Ain't Her,\" \"Belli: 'Momma Raised Me Up Special',\" The Battle of the Bottle,\" \"Bertha,\" \"Friends,\" and \"Martha.\"","Manuscript for stories for Turn Left at the Desert","Manuscript for stories for Turn Left at the Desert: \"It Ain't Her,\" \"Hush Now, Child\"","Excerpt from a review of AB's story, [\"Martha\"], in  Appalachian Love Stories .","Short stories for  Turn Left at the Desert.","Annotated manuscript for \"Bertha,\" a short story.","Appalachian Love Stories  compiled and edited by James M. Gifford, Edwina Pendarvis; includes \"Martha\" by Ancella Bickley.","Parts of  Turn Left at the Desert: Verbal \"Snapshots\" from a Black Community.","Handwritten beginning of a story","Handwritten pieces of writing","Typewritten contents for \"Turn Left at the Desert: Verbal 'Snapshots' from a Black Community\"","Typed manuscripts for various short stories.","Bickley was a prolific speaker; speeches cover a wide range of topics including faith, WV black history, black history and pride, West Virginia State College, education, black literature, and more. The majority of the speeches are typewritten.","Program for \"Mending an Era: a Slave Ship Speaks: the Wreck of the Henrietta Marie.\" Typed text, pages 6-7, of a speech (?) about slaves, Anderson Radford, Cassie Thomas Carter, and MTG's mother.","Text of 2 speeches about Alice Walker's novel  The Color Purple:  \"The Uses of Literature: 1984 \u0026 The Color Purple, Panel Discussion at the Tenth Anniversary Program of the Virginia Foundation for the Humanities,\" September, 1984; and one at Richard Bland Community College, October 7, 1985. Research notes on  The Color Purple . Research notes on Alice Walker's short stories \"1955\" and \"In Love and Trouble\"","Correspondence, schedule, lecture series program with AB's lecture on the Underground Railroad. Typed notes from Guyandotte presentation 11/9/91, and the Guyandotte Civil War Days. Program for Guyandotte Civil War Days, October 12-November 4, 1992 with listing of AB lecture \"Local Black Settlement.\" List of sources by Alan Gould, Marshall University. Invitation to present at the 1993 Civil War Days.","T he West Virginia and Regional History Collection Newsletter , Summer 1989, which includes a speech by AB at an education in WV forum.","Annotated text of a speech by both AB and NB about their time at WVU. WVU program \"A Celebration: Integration of Sports on the WVU Campus\" Correspondence with Dana Brooks regarding participation","Article regarding speech about  The Color Purple  at the West Virginia Alliance for Women's Studies meeting. Text of paper \"Black Education in WV\" read at WVU 6/20/89 for West Virginia Day.","Text of speech about black history in West Virginia and after-dinner remarks regarding social history. Email, travel itinerary, newspaper clipping, and correspondence.","Paper about the slave ship Amistad.","Text of speech re: the Underground Railroad. Newspaper article re: decree of freedom from slavery 150 years after.","Handwritten speech to Mo So Lit Club in McDowell County regarding the history of education of blacks, April 1983. WVSC Fall Convocation program, September 8, 1983; two texts of AB's welcome.","Handwritten poem \"Scamp\" [by Paul Laurence Dunbar]. Two handwritten speeches to the WVSC student government regarding importance of citizenship and service, and the history of WVSC. Invitation to speak to the Student Government Association, April 16, 1982. Newspaper article about black newspapers. Program for the Student Government Association Annual Inauguration Dinner, April 13, 1980. Speech for the Honors Convocation, 1985. \"Remarks prepared for State Senator Marie Redd for Blk History Month-2/4/99\" regarding black history and WV black history.","Correspondence regarding invitation to speak at the West Virginia State Baptist Convention. WVSC new student orientation schedule with remarks scheduled for AB. Text of speech, 1984 and 1985, including a brief history of WVSC and Institute.","First page of WVSC Honors Convocation Speech","Program for \"Building Leadership for Educational Excellence: NEA Mid-Atlantic Regional Leadership Conference, November 1-3, 1985 - Greenbrier Hotel, White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia.\" Annotated text of speech \"A Response to the New Right's Agenda for Public Education.\" Other speeches regarding education","Annotated text, some handwritten, of speech to the Mo So Lit Club, McDowell County, WV. Program for The Matrons and Maids Social and Literary Club (Ma-So-Lit), 50th Anniversary, April 17, 1983. Program and text of introduction of Ethel O. Davie for the WVSC Graduate Dinner, 1984.","Program and text of speech for \"Rewriting History\" panel at the \"Premonitions and Perspectives from 1984: Has the Orwellian World Arrived?\" Wisconsin Intellectual Freedom 6th Annual Conference in Milwaukee, March 1-3, 1984. Program, including full text of AB's speech for a panel on \"Perspectives on Censorship: A Discussion\" at the Twenty-First Annual NEA Conference on Human and Civil Rights in Education, February 25-27, 1983. Correspondence regarding invitations to speak at these conferences.","A speech about  The Color Purple  possibly delivered at a Virginia Humanities Conference.","Text of speech for WVSC Convocation and an outline of speech to women students.","Speeches about Carter G. Woodson, WV black history, her life and experiences, and MLK Day.","Speeches about WV black history, historical research, community service, her life and experiences, importance of black organizations, her faith, black women, race, and black education. Programs from presentations at churches. Letter confirming appointment to the Danforth Associate Program.","Speeches about black education; being a role model; leadership; church missionary work; Martin Luther King, Jr.; taking control; the college experience; community service; honoring Alan Gould; Our Mount Vernons; and black history. Corresponence re: speaking at churches.","Speeches about Black History Month; civil rights; Kwanzaa; women's rights; Martin Luther King, Jr.; the Underground Railroad; MTG; The Color Purple; black culture; Alice Walker; Carter G. Woodson; and WV black history.","Slides for WV black history speech. Research materials on WV black institutions. First two pages of speech. Handwritten text on various institutions.","\"Go with God: Remembering All of Us…,\" Commencement address at MU, 1990. Photograph of unidentified black men singing in church. The program for the 1975 NCTE Spring Institutes: \"Teaching Minority Literatures at All Levels.\"","Text of speech, one annotated, about  The Color Purple  for the Virginia Foundation for the Humanities; handwritten notes.","Text of two speeches about black culture with notes for accompanying slides. Note from Charles Davis. Langston Hughes poem with Alex Haley autograph. [No slides in file.]","Booklet presented to AB after she made a speech for the Army Corps of Engineers in Huntington.","Correspondence with NEA re: participation in panel \"Perspectives on Censorship: A Discussion.\" Handwritten speech on censoring literature by blacks and women in the context of the Kanawha County textbook controversy.","Background materials, correspondence, and text of speech \"Multiculturalism in West Virginia\" at the Governor's Honors Academy.","Newspaper clipping about AB Commencement address at Marshall University, 1990. \"And Further She Sayeth Naught: a Play in Three Acts\" by Maureen \"Bunny\" Crocket and Ancella Bickley. [Speech] re: education in WV.","Text of speech about Martha Toler Spencer. Outline for [speech] about black women. Handwritten text of speech in Virginia, Longwood College, about black women. Notes.","\"Go with God: Remember All of Us\" AB's commencement address at MU, 1994.","Typed text of speech for the National Education Association.","Edited paper about the mission of West Virginia State College and changes for the future.","Items not held in the WVRHC collection which were sent to the Rare Books Curator:\n \n1969/70 edition of \"The Black Student at WVU\"  \nBulletin of West Virginia State College, Series 21, no. 1, June 1933. \"Why Choose West Virginia State College\" \nBickley, A. R., Carter, G. W. M. F. I., \u0026 Marshall University, H. W. V. D. A. (1997).  Our Mount Vernons: historic register listings of sites significant to the Black history of West Virginia . [Huntington, WV] : [Carter G. Woodson Memorial Foundation of Huntington and the Drinko Academy at Marshall University]. \nBooklet, \"History of African-American Miners in Appalachian Coal Fields: Black History Month, February, 2000\"","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","West Virginia State College (Institute, W. Va.)","Bickley, Ancella R.","Wicks-Nelson, Rita, 1933-","Bickley, Nelson R., 1928-2021","Woodson, Carter Godwin, 1875-1950","Garrison, Memphis Tennessee, 1890-1988","Yancey, Bessie Woodson, 1882-1958","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 4208","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6226"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ancella Bickley, Historian, Research Papers regarding African-Americans"],"collection_title_tesim":["Ancella Bickley, Historian, Research Papers regarding African-Americans"],"collection_ssim":["Ancella Bickley, Historian, Research Papers regarding African-Americans"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creator_ssm":["Bickley, Ancella R.","Wicks-Nelson, Rita, 1933-"],"creator_ssim":["Bickley, Ancella R.","Wicks-Nelson, Rita, 1933-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bickley, Ancella R.","Wicks-Nelson, Rita, 1933-"],"creators_ssim":["Bickley, Ancella R.","Wicks-Nelson, Rita, 1933-"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African American women","Slavery -- West Virginia","Education -- West Virginia","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","School integration -- West Virginia","Underground Railroad -- West Virginia","Underground Railroad -- Ohio","African American Churches -- West Virginia","African American teachers -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- Education -- West Virginia","African Americans -- Genealogy","West Virginia Feminist Activist and Women's History Collection"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African American women","Slavery -- West Virginia","Education -- West Virginia","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","School integration -- West Virginia","Underground Railroad -- West Virginia","Underground Railroad -- Ohio","African American Churches -- West Virginia","African American teachers -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- Education -- West Virginia","African Americans -- Genealogy","West Virginia Feminist Activist and Women's History Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["13.1 Linear Feet 13 ft. 1/2 in. 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(9 record cartons, 15 in. each); (3 document cases, 5 in. each); (2 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (1 flat storage box, 1 1/2 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRequires signed form for box 1, folders 8, 16, and 17, since special access restriction applies due to PII.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Requires signed form for box 1, folders 8, 16, and 17, since special access restriction applies due to PII."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. Ancella Radford Bickley, author, historian, and educator, grew up in segregated Huntington, West Virginia, where she was born in 1930.  She graduated from Douglass High School in 1947 and went on to attend West Virginia State College, graduating magna cum laude in 1950 with a degree in English.  She was the first full time black student at Marshall University and received her master's degree in English in 1954.  She received her Ed.D. in English from West Virginia University in 1974.  Dr. Bickley was a teacher at all educational levels and was Vice-President for Academic Affairs at West Virginia State College where she retired in 1986.  She continued to research, write, and speak from her retirement home in Florida where she lived with her husband Nelson.  Some of her accolades include the Mountain State Bar Association's Distinguished Citizen Award, 1978; the National Education Association's The Carter G. Woodson Memorial Award, 1980; West Virginia Woman of the Year, 1984; the West Virginia State College Alumnus of the Year, 1988; and was a Rockefeller Foundation Scholar at Marshall University in 1999.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDr. Bickley was a prolific speaker and in addtion to the speeches, she authored many stories, plays, and articles.  In 1997, she published \u003ctitle\u003eOur Mount Vernons\u003c/title\u003e to identify sites significant to West Virginia black history.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWith Lynda Ann Ewen, she co-edited \u003ctitle\u003eMemphis Tennessee Garrison: The Remarkable Story of a Black Appalachian Woman\u003c/title\u003e, published by Ohio University Press. She has written stories and articles for publications including West Virginia cultural magazine, \u003ctitle\u003eGoldenseal\u003c/title\u003e. She wrote a history of the West Virginia Schools for the Colored Deaf and Blind.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. Ancella Radford Bickley, author, historian, and educator, grew up in segregated Huntington, West Virginia, where she was born in 1930.  She graduated from Douglass High School in 1947 and went on to attend West Virginia State College, graduating magna cum laude in 1950 with a degree in English.  She was the first full time black student at Marshall University and received her master's degree in English in 1954.  She received her Ed.D. in English from West Virginia University in 1974.  Dr. Bickley was a teacher at all educational levels and was Vice-President for Academic Affairs at West Virginia State College where she retired in 1986.  She continued to research, write, and speak from her retirement home in Florida where she lived with her husband Nelson.  Some of her accolades include the Mountain State Bar Association's Distinguished Citizen Award, 1978; the National Education Association's The Carter G. Woodson Memorial Award, 1980; West Virginia Woman of the Year, 1984; the West Virginia State College Alumnus of the Year, 1988; and was a Rockefeller Foundation Scholar at Marshall University in 1999.","Dr. Bickley was a prolific speaker and in addtion to the speeches, she authored many stories, plays, and articles.  In 1997, she published  Our Mount Vernons  to identify sites significant to West Virginia black history.","With Lynda Ann Ewen, she co-edited  Memphis Tennessee Garrison: The Remarkable Story of a Black Appalachian Woman , published by Ohio University Press. She has written stories and articles for publications including West Virginia cultural magazine,  Goldenseal . She wrote a history of the West Virginia Schools for the Colored Deaf and Blind."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Ancella Bickley, Historian, Research Papers regarding African-Americans, A\u0026amp;M 4208, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Ancella Bickley, Historian, Research Papers regarding African-Americans, A\u0026M 4208, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBickley, Ancella Collection. Materials relating to African-American history including annual West Virginia Conferences on Black History, 1908-1996. 3 boxes. Ms2003-182, at the West Virginia State Archives.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMarshall University Oral History Collection, Accession Number 1973/01.0064, also includes the oral history transcripts in this collection's addendum of 2017/02/09.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Bickley, Ancella Collection. Materials relating to African-American history including annual West Virginia Conferences on Black History, 1908-1996. 3 boxes. Ms2003-182, at the West Virginia State Archives.","Marshall University Oral History Collection, Accession Number 1973/01.0064, also includes the oral history transcripts in this collection's addendum of 2017/02/09."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection documents the research, public service, and life of Ancella Bickley, writer, educator, speaker, and historian. Includes writings, research materials, and more, focusing on the history of African Americans in West Virginia and the black experience in West Virginia. Collected research materials are predominantly facsimiles.  Printed formats include correspondence, clippings, interview transcripts, typescript writings, publications, pamphlets, ephemera, speeches, articles, military records, and more.  Other formats include photographs, slides, and audiocassettes. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include Dr. Bickley's writings, which include plays, speeches, and short stories as well as her historical books, articles and other publications; collected materials from Dr. Bickley's historical research on the history of African Americans in West Virginia; and personal papers. Her research materials include papers grouped sometimes by county, sometimes by individual, sometimes by subject. Subjects of her research include slavery, education, churches, biography and genealogy, literature, and more.  Specific subjects include the Underground Railroad, James McHenry Jones, genealogy, Carter G. Woodson, Mollie Gabe, West Virginia Colored Institute/West Virginia State College, John W. Davis, black high schools, school integration, and more. Counties and their cities with specific focus include Cabell, Kanawha, and Jefferson.  Some documents treating slavery and the Underground Railroad include Ohio from which Cabell County blacks, including Bickley's ancestors, migrated.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eColleagues with whom she corresponded include Judith Stitzel, Nelson Barnett, Maureen Crockett (with whom she co-wrote at least one play), and many more. Of significance is correspondence between Carter G. Woodson and his sister, Bessie Woodson Yancey; and letters and a signed photo from Alex Haley.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWritings, research background, and drafts of Dr. Bickley's works found within the collection include: \u003ctitle\u003eMemphis Tennessee Garrison: The Remarkable Story of a Black Appalachian Woman\u003c/title\u003e, \"Midwifery in West Virginia\" (1990), \u003ctitle\u003eHonoring our Past: Proceedings of the First Two Conferences on West Virginia's Black History\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eHistory of the West Virginia State Teachers' Association\u003c/title\u003e (1979), \u003ctitle\u003eIn Spite of Obstacles: a History of the West Virginia Schools for the Colored Deaf and Blind, 1926-1955\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eOur Mount Vernons: historic register listings of sites significant to the Black history of West Virginia\u003c/title\u003e, a short story collection \"Turn Left at the Desert,\" \u003ctitle\u003e... to be black in Fayette\u003c/title\u003e, and plays: \u003ctitle\u003eTwo Saint Say\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eMother Love\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eTangled Threads\u003c/title\u003e (with Maureen Crockett), \u003ctitle\u003eWade in the Water\u003c/title\u003e, and seven \u003ctitle\u003eGoldenseal\u003c/title\u003e articles. \nGrant applications and other documents pertaining to her work with the Humanities Council of West Virginia are included in the collection. Other documents describe her work with the Kanawha County Board of Education, EcoTheater, Berea College's Black Mountain Youth Leadership program, and various professional organizations.   \nPersonal papers include material about her husband Nelson R. Bickley and his military career, diplomas, transcripts, photographs of a party she held, and more. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAddendum of 2017/02/09 (boxes 11 and 12) includes papers of Dr. Ancella R. Bickley, with a few papers of her daughter Ancella Livers. Formats include interview transcripts, correspondence, clippings, typescript writings, publications, cassettes, and more. Most of these materials are transcripts of oral histories pertaining to a collaborative project undertaken by Dr. Bickley and Dr. Rita Wicks-Nelson about black teachers and their memories of school integration in West Virginia in affiliation with the Center for the Study of Ethnicity and Gender in Appalachia at Marshall University.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAbbreviations used in the Contents List:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nAB - Ancella Bickley\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nWVSC - West Virginia State College\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNB - Nelson Bickley\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMTG - Memphis Tennessee Garrison\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nJMJ - J. McHenry Jones\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNEA - National Education Association\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNCTE - National Council of Teachers of English\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMo So Lit Club - Matrons and Maids Social and Literary Club, McDowell County, WV\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nUGRR - Underground Railroad\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMU - Marshall University\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nWVU - West Virginia University\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nCGW - Carter G. Woodson\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nRW-N  - Rita Wicks-Nelson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes civic and academic awards and honors, as well as academic milestones such as graduation and Bickley's dissertation. This series includes materials on the celebration of Bickley's retirement from West Virginia State College.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence from Marshall University regarding AB's commencement address and honorary doctorate; notes of congratulations. Guest list. Photographs of AB delivering address and with others including Soupy Sales. Letter to editor regarding racism of highlighting photograph of Soupy Sales wiping a tear during AB's speech; newspaper clippings. Commencement program. AB's speech.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHonorary Doctorate\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArmy Commendation Medal (Second Oak Leaf Cluster). AB's Delta Sigma Rho-Tau Kappa Alpha, Hampton Institute, initiation certificate, May 1976\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAttendance, reading, scholarships, and other certificates from elementary through college\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAB transcript, 1951, from MU. Transcript, WVSC.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram for the Fourteenth Annual NEA Human and Civil Rights Awards, 1980, when AB won The Carter G. Woodson Memorial Award. Correspondence regarding the award including 2 letters from John W. Davis.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotograph of WVSC President Thomas Cole and Ancella Bickley at her retirement; labeled \"West Virginia State College, Commencement, May 17, 1986.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaster of Arts degree confirmation from Marshall University\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDoctor of Education degree confirmation from West Virginia University\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCertificate of Appreciation from the Kiwanis Club of Huntington\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote from WVU professor Armand [Singer] regarding missing retirement celebration\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewspaper clipping re: CGW. Photographs of AB and others after a speaking engagement in Fayette County. Service Award certificate from WVSC.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Maureen Crocket to the Director of the Appalachian Festival re: Tangled Threads. Letter of recommendation from AB for Dr. Elaine Ginsberg. \"Remarks Made upon the Presentation of the 1988 Humanities Award to Ancella Radford Bickley\" by Judith Stitzel. Letter of recommendation for Dr. Bernard L. Allen for the WVU Claude Worthington Benedum Distinguished Scholar Award. Congratulatory letter for appointment [at WVSC]. Request for letter of recommendation from Marc E. Washington at MU; confirmation of receipt of letter. Request for recommendation for Elaine Ginsberg, Trinity University; verification of receipt of letter. Letter of congratulations on retirement from George Parkinson; letter of regrets from Lawrence H. Talley, West Liberty.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials re: WV NAACP Harpers Ferry NHP, 1994, including photographs and text of speech. Congratulatory letter for receiving the Distinguished West Virginian Award, 1986. Thank you for copy of Honoring Our Past, 1992. Many other letters and notes re: service and speeches. Request to speak at the New Employment for Women Information \u0026amp; Referral Center in Logan about black history. Letter from Gaston Caperton, Governor, re: appointment to the Archives and History Commission, 1991. Thank you letter for contribution to Chandler Third Base, 1992. Certificate of recognition for Outstanding Service in Support of 1993 Douglass High School Reunion. Thank you for participating in the United Way Youth Advisory Council's Youth Forum, 1993. Thank you letter re: speech at naturalized citizens ceremony from John T. Copenhaver, 1992. Certificate of appreciation and other materials including a photo re: \"Read to Me\" Day, 1999. Newspaper article re: writing about the West Virginia Schools for the Colored Deaf and Blind and cards of congratulations. Kanawha County Schools Certificate of Recognition and Appreciation, 1991.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter of acknowledgement to deliver commencement address and receive an honorary doctorate at MU, 1990. Newspaper clipping and tribute to Minnie Wayne Cooper, 1989. Thank you letter to Matthew Kinsolving, Kanawha County Board of Education, for plaque, 1989. Typed text of \"Remarks Made upon the Presentation of the 1988 Humanities Award to Ancella Radford Bickley.\" Newspaper clipping and congratulatory letter re: WVSC Alumna of the Year, 1988. Letter withdrawing candidacy for the Kanawha County Board of Education, 1988. Thank you letter for receiving the Humanities Foundation Award, 1988; letter of congratulations from A. James Manchin; and Dee Caperton, House of Representatives. Letter of congratulations from Herman G. Canady, Jr., for appointment to Board of Education, 1988. Program for NAACP, Charleston Branch, Annual Freedom Fund Banquet, 1988, with AB as guest speaker. The Trumpet, West Liberty State College student newspaper, with article about AB's lecture on teaching black literature, November 28, 1973. Program, newspaper clipping, flyer, and certificate of recognition for the National Council of Jewish Women, West Virginia Section, Founder's Day, 1991. Correspondence re: speaking invitations, 1991-2001. Letters of thank you for service: The Huntington Club of Negro Business and Professional Women's Clubs, Inc., 2001; Charleston Mayor, G. Kemp Melton, for Charleston Urban Renewal Authority, 1999; Conference program for \"New Approaches to the Humanities and Lifelong Learning,\" 1988, where AB received award. Newspaper clippings for awards and accomplishments. 1987-1988. Newspaper clipping \"Educator Grim on Blacks' Future\" 1985. Thank you letter from Dee Caperton, House of Delegates, for draft of book about Elizabeth Simpson Drewry, 1987. Congratulatory notes, 1988-2002. Resume, ca. 1988. Text of speech for [receiving WVSC Alumna of the Year award, 1988]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewspaper clippings, 1994-2002. Congratulatory and thank you letters, 1984-1995. Program for Staff Recall, Federal Prison Camp, Alderson, WV, with AB as guest speaker. Program for Induction Ceremony [sic], Phi Sigma Alpha, WVSC, 1995, when AB gave speech on the UGRR. Program for Carter G. Woodson Memorial Foundation Third Annual Memorial Fundraiser Banquet, 1995, AB speaker. Program for MLK birthday event at the WV School of Osteopathic Medicine where AB spoke, 1994. Resume. Photo of the Berlin Wall, May 1963.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewspaper clippings, 1984-2002. Congratulatory and thank you letters and certificates, 1975-2002. Program for the Fourteenth Annual NEA Human and Civil Rights Awards dinner, 1980, when AB received The Carter G. Woodson Memorial Award. Program for Academy Cultural Awareness Committee Black History Month Program, 2002, where AB presented about MTG. Invitation to reception for Oliver W. Hill Freedom Fighter Award of the Virginia State Conference NAACP, 1999, and invitation to recognition event at the U.S. Capitol. Program for St. Anthony Church and School Community Education Awards where AB received the Gregory Loebach Award, 2002. Text of speech and program for West Virginia's African-American Women of Distinction book introduction by the West Virginia Women's Commission, 2002. Program for The Education Alliance Graduates of Distinction, AB recipient, 2002; text of speech; newspaper clipping; correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewspaper clippings, ca. 1972-2002. Congratulatory and thank you letters, certificates and other recognitions, 1975 -2002. Letter of receipt for items given to the West Virginia State College/West Virginia Black Heritage Collection, 1987. Personal note, 3/26/80, discussing various contributions to education. Photograph of AB. Program for The National Association of Negro Business and Professional Women's Clubs banquet and candlelight rededication services, 1988, where AB was the guest speaker. Program for Berkeley County Diversity Committee \"Town Meeting\" with AB conducting interactive workshops at schools, 2002. Program and sketch of AB for [her retirement] 1986. Program for PCC lecture series \"The West Virginia Experience,\" [ca. 1985]. State of WV Teaching Certificate, 1960-1965. Letter of acceptance by NB for offer of teaching positions at WVSC for both NB and AB, 1972. Letter offering employment at WVSC as Associate Professor of English, 1972. Letter to NB offering WVSC position of Director of Guidance and Placement, 1972. Letters of thanks for AB for retirement and awards, 1986. Notification of nomination for President of WVSC, 1987. Correspondence Re: NCTE Orwell conference, 1984. Notification that tapes of censorship series of programs will be housed at the New York Public Library, 1984. Program for the Danforth Associate Program, 1975, for which AB and NB were program chairs. Program for The Women's Study Club Annual Open House, 1984, when AB was named Woman of the Year. Program for \"African Americans in the Appalachian Coalfields\" at the National Mine Health \u0026amp; Safety Academy when AB gave a lecture, 2000.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewspaper clippings, 1989-2000. Congratulatory and thank you letters, invitations to speak, certificates of recognition, 1985-2000. Photograph of Douglass High School Y Teens, ca. 1946, including AB. Newspaper articles re: AB as WVSC's May Queen, 1948. Issue of MU's Greenline: a Publication for Alumni and Friends of Marshall University, May-July 1990, in which AB is recognized as commencement speaker; press release; letters of congratulations. Photograph of AB and others after presentation in Morgantown, 1990. Program for WVSC National Alumni Association William L. Lonesome Alumni Awards Dinner-Dance Honoring Dr. Ancella R. Bickley, Class of 1950, 1988 Alumnus of the Year. Dunbar Rotary Club Newsletter with AB as speaker, 1988. Materials from the Second Annual Conference on West Virginia's Black History, 1989. Letter to the editor of the Charleston Gazette re: black athlete, 1988.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRetirement from WVSC, 1986, materials. Correspondence re: ceremony; letters of congratulations; newspaper clippings; photographs; program; WVSC commencement program with AB as retirement honoree.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAB's doctoral dissertation A Study of the Effects of Teaching a Unit on Black Culture to Classes of Predominantly White High School Students, 1974.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewspaper clippings for Education Alliance Graduates of Distinction, 2002. Materials pertaining to \"From Our Front Porch: Stories about Charleston's Oldest Neighborhood, The East End\": newspaper insert; outline for Appalachian Studies Association presentation; program for play at Roosevelt Wilson High School; the play. \"Testimony of Ancella Radford Bickley, Independent Scholar from West Virginia, on behalf of The State Humanities Program Regarding FY 1989 Appropriations to the National Endowment for the Humanities before the Appropriations Subcommittee on the Interior of the Senate,\" 1988. Congratulatory letters re: selection to the Kanawha Board of Education. Newspaper clippings. Congratulations re: speech's and performance of play in Florida. Commencement program for WVSC, 1950. Text of AB honors. Newspaper clippings re: her writings. Letter of acknowledgement for participation in reading of the names of lynchings victims program, Virginia State University, 2001. News release re: production of Harvest of Dreams by the Charleston Stage Company, 2000. Correspondence re: appointment to the WVU Board of Advisors, 1989. Certificate of appreciation from the City of Beckley for contributions to black history in WV. Thank you note re: women writers, 1994. Thank you letter from James Tolbert re: participation in Black History Month program at Harper's Ferry. Overview of AB accomplishments [introduction?]. Letter acknowledging participation in Kanawha County Public Library Black History Month events, 1993; abstract of talk; resume. Thank you letter for presentation at a Affirmative Action Committee Meeting, 1994; program; brochure listing black employees. Letter acknowledging intent to speak at the WV School of Osteopathic Medicine re: unsung heroes of the Civil Rights Movement and for MLK Day, 1993. Handwritten note of appreciation for a speech. Handwritten note re: missing speech for Black History Month, with attached newspaper clipping, 1994. 1949 Yellow Jacket article with picture of AB as newspaper staff. Clipping re: AB as keynote speaker for MLK Day celebration, 1991. Letter acknowledging a reading at the College Language Association, 1993. Letter acknowledging agreement to moderate a panel on sexual harassment; flyer for the program. Congratulatory letter for receiving the MU Graduate School Distinguished Alumnus, 1993. Program for \"First Annual Forum and Family Recognition Conference\" from the West Virginia Black Family Coalition, 1992, for which Bickley was a moderator. Correspondence and program for Distinguished Graduate Student Award from MU, 1993. Newspaper clipping about the WVSC presidential inaugural ball including description of AB and NB attire, 1974. Letter from Mary Pearl Compton, WV Delegate, re: Union's Historic District. Handwritten card praising AB as a \"liquid god\" able to move among roles, 1995. Resumes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSenate Resolution honoring AB and Lynda Ann Ewen, 2002. Certificate of recognition as a West Virginia Hero, 2002. Newspaper clippings, 1990-2002. Correspondence re: lecture at Alderson Broaddus College, 1991. Certificate of recognition from the WV National Organization of Women and two 1991 conference programs. Program for \"African-Americans in the Appalachian Coalfields,\" 2000. Letter acknowledging selection at WVSC Alumnus of the Year, 1988. The Humanities Foundation of West Virginia Award Dinner Program, 1988. Issue of People \u0026amp; Mountains: a Publication of the West Virginia Humanities Council, Summer 2001, with MTG interview excerpt edited by AB and Lynda Ann Ewen. Congratulatory note re: publication of Memphis Tennessee Garrison; lecture on MTG announcement, 2000. Letter from the Indiana Humanities Council re: placement on \"Always a River\" registry, 1991. Letter from Gov. Gaston Caperton recognizing appointment to the Martin Luther King, Jr. State Holiday Commission, 1989. Acknowledgement letters as a speaker, 1990-1999. Acknowledgement of receipt of Our Mount Vernons from a professor at the University of Texas at El Paso, 1997. \"Book Notes\" section of West Virginia History re: Our Mount Vernons, 1997. Letter of re: reappointment to the WV Archives and History Commission, 1997. Letter re: WV Public Radio's Cultural Diversity Radio Project, 1998. Letter re: Mistress of Ceremony for a poetry contest at WVSC, 1995. Letter acknowledging support of the WV Humanities Council programming, 1995.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpecial Commendation from the U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Park Service, for Significant Contributions to the Underground Railroad Study, 1995.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"West Virginia: a Film History\" recognition as the Historical Advisor for the film project.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eState of West Virginia Distinguished West Virginian award, 1986.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSenate Resolution honoring AB and Lynda Ann Ewen, 2002.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes newspaper clippings and writings by Ancella Bickley Livers (also called Cill Jr. or Cill). Also includes material by or about Nelson Bickley, Ancella Bickley's husband and prominent Charleston, West Virginia, lawyer. Formats include articles, awards and honors, military records, speeches, research notes, publications, correspondence, newspaper clippings, and more. Subjects include Nelson Bickley's military and teaching careers, his uncle Carter G. Woodson, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with James Harlow, WVU President, regarding tenure at WVU, 1969 and 1972. Army records for Nelson Bickley. Various Army regulations, blank forms, and information flyers. Correspondence and forms from the Veterans Administration. Medical records, 1956-1966\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCharleston Gazette/Gazette-Mail newspaper clippings about AB and NB, 1999-2003\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eText of NB's speech \"CMA's Link to the Late Carter G. Woodson, the 'Father of Negro History'\" at the Chicago Military Academy, program, and certificate of appreciation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eText of speech given by NB at East Bank High School to Junior ROTC, regarding the benefits of military service.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMilitary and scholarship commendations, program from WVSC Commencement, 1948.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMilitary records for Nelson Bickley including his assignment as an Army ROTC instructor at WVU and difficulty of finding Negro housing. Admission to WVU College of Human Resources and Education.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder within 16a containing Army medical records for Nelson Bickley, 1957-1966.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAkron Beacon Journal,\u003c/emph\u003e December 7, 1982, with article by Ancella Livers which includes brief biography.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBrown V. Board of Education\u003c/emph\u003e in West Virginia\" by Nelson R. Bickley in the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eWest Virginia Law Review\u003c/emph\u003e, Spring 2005.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eText of speech given by NB at the WVU Law School\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with Congressman Harley Staggers, James G. Harlow, President of WVU, and others regarding Nelson Bickley's retirement. Other military records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInvitations to the ROTC Cadet Corps Annual Military Ball and the ROTC Awards Day and Hall of Fame Induction Ceremony, 1982. Program for the ROTC Awards Day Ceremony, May 1, 1981. WVSC student newspaper \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Yellow Jacket\u003c/emph\u003e with an article about the inductees to the ROTC Hall of Fame including NB. Typed text of NB's acceptance speech about his time in the military. Newspaper with an interview with NB and Belva Clark about Carter G. Woodson, 1987. Program and text of NB speech, with AB edits, at WVSC for Veterans Day, 1992. Newspaper article regarding NB induction into the WVSC ROTC Hall of Fame.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSigned letter from Alex Haley to Colonel and Mrs. Nelson Bickley, March 1, 1973, re: the Bickleys' hospitality after a lecture.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClippings regarding the Bickleys from \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Villages Daily Sun\u003c/emph\u003e (FL) and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Sunday News-Registe\u003c/emph\u003er (Wheeling, WV)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePamphlet \"The Black Student at WVU,\" 1969/70, 1971/72, which include pictures of AB. Program for Lincoln-Douglas Banquet sponsored by Morning Star Baptist Church, February 12, 1977; includes AB as the speaker. Newspaper articles by and about Ancella Bickley, as well as Nelson. Congratulatory letter regarding AB promotion to Vice President for Administration at WVSC, July 9, 1975. Dunbar High School's publication, Kennel, Feb. 23, 1973 and May, 1974.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regarding AB in WVU classroom. Newspaper article about Ancella, daughter of Ancella and Nelson. Dunbar High School's student newspaper, Kennel, Nov. 1972.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBachelor of Arts degree confirmation from West Virginia State College\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelson Bickley's Master of Arts degree confirmation from West Virginia University\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNellie Francisco's Bachelor of Arts in Education degree confirmation from West Virginia State College, 1938\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from CGW to Bessie Woodson Yancey, CGW's sister, re: funding Joan's education. Text of the poem \"The Forgotten Boys.\" Invitation to the dedication of the Carter G. Wooson School, New Orleans.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials re: Belva Clark, Carter G. Woodson's niece and Nelson Bickley's mother; note of condolence; funeral program; handwritten [by Mrs. Clark?] obituary and instructions\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArticles about NB. Membership certificate to Sigma Pi Phi Fraternity.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTeaching certificate for Nellie Radford Francisco, Bluefield Colored Institute, 1928.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpecial Order lists. Legal case notes? Selective Service Act of 1948 memo.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes genealogical research material, notes, and charts in print as well as handwritten for these families, mostly from the Huntington, West Virginia area and across the Ohio River: Twyman, Spurlock, Barnett, Payne, Jones, Woodson, Wilson, Johnson, Summers, Smoot, Peters, Radford, Layne/Lane, Jones, Straham, Cabell, and Parker. Additional genealogical information is included in oral history interviews with individuals (see Interviews and Oral History Interviews series); the Others' Works series; the Biography subseries of Research Notes and Collected Materials; and other locations throughout the collections.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDocuments pertaining to the Twyman Family. Facsimile of pages from \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Promised Land\u003c/emph\u003e by J. Earl Pratt [1964]. Facsimile of newspaper legal notices from T\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003ehe Ironton Register\u003c/emph\u003e, Oct. 27 and Dec. 15, 1870.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Willard H. Radford and Kim Radford regarding a reunion for the Radford-Bickley families.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence between the Bickleys and Nelson L. Barnett, Jr. regarding Allensworth (CA) State Historical Park, the Spurlock family, the Barnett-Payne-Jones family. Rededication pamphlet, October 10, 1992\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBarnett family genealogy compiled by Nelson Barnett, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVarious documents pertaining to Carter G. Woodson and the Barnett family connection. \"A Black History of Huntington\" by Edna Duckworth. Barnett family documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily line charts, photographs, newspapers, family history for the Nelson Barnett line. Program for the First Baptist Church, Huntington, September 25, 1988. Photographs buildings designed by Carl Barnett, architect.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTranscription of Barnett family obituaries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJames and Mary Wilson family genealogy. Facsimiles of portraits. Memorial service programs. Photographs of Mary Wilson Johnson and James Johnson. Photo of family group identified later in file and on facsimile. Obituary for William O. Johnson. Family group photo. Photos of Ida and William Johnson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten Cabell Family tree and notes on the Cabell Family in Institute. Transcription of letter from J. S. Cunningham to Governor A.I. Boreman. Facsimile of newspaper ad for sale of slave.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten notes regarding Summers Family and slaves.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFacsimile of book section and term paper about the Smoot Family written by Marcella L. Pauley Short for WVSC class.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBooklet of genealogy forms. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAfrican-American Genealogy: A Research Guide\u003c/emph\u003e compiled by Phyllis Preston Jarrett and Helen Chambers Winston.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTypewritten history of the Smoot Family, Boone County.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePersonnel record for Willard Radford. Letter, 1949, certifying marriage of Willard Radford to Lilian Angus in Cuba, 1923.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten marriage records for Radfords.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten notes from a phone conversation regarding the Straham-Parker families.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTyped \"Conversation with Nellie Redford Francisco--about 1985.\" Handwritten \"Discussion w/Henry Radford, 1/14/93.\" Radford Family genealogy. Peters Family genealogy. Newspaper articles regarding Negro education in Huntington and Kimball, 1904-1923. Cemetery lot receipts to Willard Radford. Program for Sterberger Elementary School 1999 Graduation Ceremony; Akil Livers listed as student. Funeral service program for Lily Van Sykes Kelly, 1994. Transcribed obituaries for Joseph T. Payne, 1948, and Minnie Bell Powell, 1936.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch notes on how to do black genealogy. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBlack Studies: a Select Catalog of National Archives Microfilm Publications\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Layne Family Tree and Its Branches\u003c/emph\u003e. Handwritten tree with Twyman connection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Plat Map, Mt. Pisgah Cemetery, Proctorville, Ohio\" with notes. Request for donation to the Cemetery, 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten CGW family tree.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRadford family genealogy. Release of note on deed, Radford family, 1952.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes two subseries, General and Black Teachers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes more formal oral history interviews as well as \"discussions\" and other less structured interviews not intended for any historical publication. Formats include handwritten notes, typed notes, and transcripts of interviews as well as background in the form of correspondence and typed and handwritten corrections.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTranscript of interview with Johnnie James. Newspaper article \"THE Man…Johnny James Now Shares Life With God\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBackground research re: changes to social history and oral history.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes from discussion with Grover DuBose, Korean War veteran, Sept. 10, 2000.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTranscripts of interviews with black citizens of Huntington, WV; Institute, WV; Guyandotte, WV; and Black Fork, OH. Including Johnnie James, Ms. Bessie Herbert McClain, Chester A. Burris, Henry Pierce, Mildred Loar Williams, Cash Keels, James Thompson, Mrs. Araminta Miller Justice, and James Johnson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpiral bound notebook containing notes from oral history interviews with black soldiers, 1945-46. References to color-coded folders. Notes on soldiers' letters, 1943-45. List of themes in interviews. Follow up on specific soldiers, 2005, titled \"Negative behavior of Blk soldiers.\" Diagram of Army organization.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch notes labeled \"Army Wives Material: Discussion with Carl \u0026amp; Nancy Johnson Re: Military Experiences; Carl was a Tuskegee Airman. His wife, Nancy, is white\" 2014. Annotated paper \"The WV State Capitol\" with research notes. Emails re: Kimball Wall Memorial Project, 2011. Research notes. Letter to Beverly from AB re: various researchers in the Villages, FL, 2014. Typed notes from interview with Harriet Williams, Lewisburg, WV.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Mildred Lore Williams, 1990, re: family history and Cabell County History. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Bessie Herbert McClain, 1990, re: living in Huntington. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Suzette Spencer, 1990, re: family and life in Huntington. Mrs. Spencer was a descendant of 37 slaves freed in the south and sent to Ohio. Transcript of oral history interview with Mr. Cash Keels, 1990, re: family history and life in Black Fork, Ohio.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAudiocassettes labeled: \"Joseph C. Peters re: Black High School Athletics - 11/2/95;\" \"Gregory Peters / Reminiscences, 9/22/95, \u0026amp; Ed Scott #3;\" \"MC (Ref) Edward Greer, 5/10/06;\" and \"Ed Scott / Reminiscences /Korea, 10/20/95\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBickley and Rita Wicks-Nelson, as Rockefeller Scholars-in-Residence at Marshall University's Center for the Study of Ethnicity and Gender in Appalachia, interviewed and recorded interviews with older black women teachers from across the state. This subseries contains transcripts of the interviews, corrected transcripts, correspondence with the subjects, and sometimes background information about them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTyped manuscript for \"Black Education in West Virginia,\" a joint project between Ancella Bickley and Rita Wicks-Nelson. Notes regarding Mrs. T. McDaniel interview; text of interview. Correspondence regarding book on black female teachers. Research notes. Text of speech about black WV schools. List of narrators. Facsimiles of newspaper clippings \"from Mrs. Rayford's Collection\" regarding desegregation of schools, 1955-1956. Newspaper clipping of AB interview regarding MTG.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten notes of [interview with] Marian Hatcher, WVU English Dept. teacher.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrint out of web page re: Dr. Ancella Bickley and Dr. Rita Wicks-Nelson, 1999 Rockefeller Scholars-in-Residence. Project name: \"Life Experiences of Older, Black, West Virginian Women [Teachers]\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDemographics of teachers' project. Map showing location of teachers. Narrative overview of the project. Paper \"Mosaic [sic] in Black and White: Black Teachers Remember School Integration in West Virginia\" [by] Ancella Bickley and Rita Wicks-Nelson; paper presented at the Center for the Study of Ethnicity and Gender in Appalachia, MU, 2000. Annotated paper. Draft of paper \"Changing Lives and Potential Leadership: A Study of West Virginian Women Returning to College\" [by] Rita Wicks-Nelson, Lynda Ann Ewen, ca. 1997.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence between AB and RW-N and others re: book based on teachers' oral history interviews. Paper \"Black Education in West Virginia.\" Text of paper [by AB] \"Read @ WV Sociological Assoc. Annual Mtng. WVSC - Oct. 24, 1997.\" Letter from NB, 2005, asking for addenda to \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eWest Virginia Law Review\u003c/emph\u003e paper about \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBrown v. Board of Education. \u003c/emph\u003eResearch notes. \"\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eFullen\u003c/emph\u003e corrected pp, AB,\" 2001. Letter requesting interview with Pearl Swann Carter, 2000.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelease form from Suzanne Slaughter, 1998\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, edits, research notes with RW-N. Book reviews from The Appalachian journal, 2005. List of women interviewed. Background and summaries for interviewees.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials re: education in WV; \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBrown v Board of Education. \u003c/emph\u003ePossible participants; call for participants; correspondence with participants Writing retreat brochure and correspondence. Project update to the Center for the Study of Ethnicity and Gender in Appalachia at MU. Draft of summary of results. Summary data forms and interview guide. Schedule of interviews. Letter from parent to teacher, Anna McCright. Flyer announcing talk by AB and RW-N. Luncheon flyer from the Fayette County Black Caucus.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLife stories, some annotated or edited, for Vivian Williams Fleming, Eliza Jane Campbell Dillard, Anna McCright, and Mary Montgomery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Louise Anderson. Newspaper clipping of obituary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Velma Bradshaw. Handwritten notes on folder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eOral History Review \u003c/emph\u003earticle, 2001, re: school segregation. Email with list of changes to the transcript. Transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Pearl Swann Carter, 2001.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Florence Casey, 1997\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTranscript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Ottrus Chatman, 1999. Typed and handwritten notes on the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Verona Clarke, 1997.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. E. Jane Dillard, 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten notes on the interview. Correspondence with Mrs. Elston. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Mary M. Elston, 1997.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Eunice Fleming, 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Vivian Williams Fleming, 1997. Handwritten notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Norma Jean Fullen, 1997.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten notes. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Susie Guyton, 1997.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten notes. Transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Willie Hise, 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTyped and handwritten notes. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Floristine Holland, 1998.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten notes. Transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. B'Alma Jones, 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated transcript of oral history interviews with Miss Anna McCright, 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrected transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Thelma McDaniel, 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter to Mrs. McDaniel. Typed notes and pages from the interview. Letter from Norman L. Jones re: Thelma McDaniel and the Price and White families, 2001.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Edris Miller, 1998.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Mary Montgomery, 1997. Overview for Mrs. Montgomery. Letter to her. Pages of the interview with corrections. List of names and addresses for interviewees.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated transcript of oral history interviews with Ms. Doris Payne, 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOverview for Ruby Brown Reeler. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Ruby Reeler, 1997. Handwritten transcript of a quote from the interview. Handwritten notes on the folder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Nancie Smith Robinson, 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTranscripts pages of interview with FH [Floristine Holland?] Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Suzanne Slaughter, 1998.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eObituary for Mary Crozier Snow, 2011. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Mary Snow, 1997. Letter to Mrs. Snow with corrections, 2001.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTranscript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Fannie Ashe Thomas, 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten notes. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Velma Twyman, 1997. Letter to Mrs. Twyman re: corrections, 2001.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes books, manuscripts, facsimile pages, and other publications not written by Bickley, who was sometimes asked to provide feedback on writing. Forms of writing include family histories, poems, short stories, plays, novels, and both scholarly and popular articles. Other writers include: Sharon M. Draper, Charles Lloyd, Hannah N. Geffert, Peri Lynne Johnson, L. O'B. Thomson, Nelson L. Barnett, J. McHenry Jones, Judith Stitzel, Elizabeth Taylor Brown, and Phyllis Moore.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eA Memorial to the Scott, Carter, Mumford Families and the Journey from the Hills of North Carolina to the Beautiful Ohio Shore in the Year 1844\u003c/emph\u003e by Edith Dove Bryant, original and one facsimile. Article \"Midwifery in West Virginia\" 1990.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMy Dearest Husband: the Letters of Amacetta Laidley Summers to George W. Summers, 1842-1843 \u003c/emph\u003eby Patricia Clark Bulla. Handwritten genealogy chart for James M. Laidley\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoem \"Old Lady Sady and the Chicken Wings\" c1992 Sharon M. Draper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMy Dearest Husband: the Letters of Amacetta Laidley Summers to George W. Summers, 1842-1843\u003c/emph\u003e by Patricia Clark Bulla. Laidley-Summers-Quarrier family line\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript for \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAesculapius, Ebony \u003c/emph\u003eby Nelson L. Barnett, M.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e\"…Tryin' to Get Home…\": A Journal, \u003c/emph\u003ea compendium of biographies, family histories, community histories, etc. by the John Henry Memorial Committee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"The Search for Larry Doby\" by Bob Stitzel in \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSports Collectors Digest\u003c/emph\u003e, December 1, 1989. Letter from Judith Stitzel critiquing short stories \"The Woman in the Lavender Hat,\" \"Hush Now Child,\" \"Sweets,\" and \"Jones.\" Manuscripts of Stitzel's stories \"My New York Yankees,\" \"Cover-Up,\" \"Hearing Aids,\" \"Unbecoming a Jew.\" Letter from Stitzel regarding order of stories.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript for book about West Virginia State College.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with Phyllis Moore re: WV writers. Annotated stories \"It Ain't Her!,\" \"The Crossing,\" and \"On This Rock,\" short stories by AB. Photo of AB and unidentified woman. \"'Talking about home…': Yes, We Have Authors\" by Phyllis Wilson Moore.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProject overview for Greenbrier Valley African-American life. J. McHenry Jones' novel \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHearts of Gold\u003c/emph\u003e with highlighted passages and annotations. Background research materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFacsimile of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Jones Family\u003c/emph\u003e by John L. Jones.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with Hannah N. Geffert re: Black History Conference and her annotated story \"The Guns of October.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"History of Lakin Hospital: Pulling for the Stars\" by Elizabeth Taylor Brown. Reviewers' comments.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Plays of Ann Kathryn Flagg\u003c/emph\u003e published by Amistad, Inc., Ancella Bickley, Director.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Black High Schools in West Virginia\" prepared by R. Charles Byers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritings of Peri Lynne Johnson, AB's niece, some with annotations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReview of \"The History of Lakin State Hospital\" by Elizabeth Brown; manuscript.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDrafts and final papers written by L. O'B. Thompson who taught at WVSC.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAesculapius, Ebony\u003c/emph\u003e by Nelson L. Barnett. Brief biography of Carl Eugene Barnett. Facsimile of photograph of \"Reverend Nelson Barnett, Circa 1900.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePaper and letter of transmittal for \"The Peters Sisters: An Historical Omission\" by Norman Jordan. Research notes on the sisters: Ethel and Ada Peters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTypewritten notes about various novels, movies, and other works. Discussion questions for some.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInscribed play \"Day to Day: a Drama in One Act\" by Maryat Lee. Article \"'…To Will One Thing: a New Look at Theater\" [by] Maryat Lee, from\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e Drama Review\u003c/emph\u003e, 1983. Materials re: EcoTheater including scholarly articles.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes black and white historical photographs, slides, and contemporary color photographs. Additional photographs can be found throughout the collection. Most photos are black and white facsimiles of original historical photos of people and places significant to Bickley's research and publications. Subjects include educational institution buildings and students; other institution buildings; the Radford family; Bickley and Bickley with others. The contemporary color photos include ones of the memorial statues on the West Virginia Capitol grounds; Potomac State College campus; Bickley and others; and the social event A Red Hat Party celebrating women.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotos: graduating class at Bluefield State College; Barnett School Orchestra, Huntington, with Nellie Francisco; school children at Lincoln School, Wheeling, 1912; unidentified football team; buildings at Bluefield State College and West Virginia State College.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotos, invitation to, and follow up for a birthday celebration for AB, and a Red Hat Party to celebrate older women. Poem about AB.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs of building details; street scenes; two black women [Alberta Coleman]; NB; campus, Potomac State College, buildings including Academy Hall and Duke Anthony Whitmore/Henry Louis Gates, Jr. Academic Achievement Wall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotos of statues on the WV State Capitol grounds: prints, proof sheet with numbered descriptions, and a CD. Annotated text to accompany photos and titled \"Statuary on the Grounds of the West Virginia State Capitol.\" Brief history of the Capitol and the state of West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Honoring Our Past: 1994 Calendar\" produced by the Alliance for the Collection, Preservation and Dissemination of West Virginia's Black History. Calendar includes photos of school bands, Bluefield NAACP chapter, Hopewell barber shop in Martinsburg, and schools.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopies of group photographs of children and a \"Special Citation Award to Mrs. Harry Gordon\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhoto of unidentified family, 1901; restored photo and invoice for work, 2005.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNegatives and photos from AB's Red Hat Party\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVariety of copies of historical photographs, most not identified, 1912-1918. Note stapled to folder removed, 10/17/1990.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1991 (3), 1993, 1994 calendar \"Honoring Our Past\" from the Alliance for the Collection, Preservation and Dissemination of West Virginia's Black History. 1971 Black History Calendar [by] Raymond W. Lowry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFacsimiles of photographs of students at WVSC including AB in Delta Sigma Theta Sorority.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs of AB and others at a presentation on CGW at Marshall University, President's Home. February 24, 1988.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFacsimile of undated photo [ca. 1942] of John W. Davis, Charles Rutherford, Austin W. Curtis, L.A. Toney, et al. On back: \"Received from Debby Jackson, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eGoldenseal\u003c/emph\u003e, 4/7/1997. Picture taken during construction of Washington-Carver Camp.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhoto of AB with author Alice Walker at the University of Charleston, [1999]. Photo of AB with Ken Sullivan, Executive Director of the WV Humanities Council, 2002.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes examples of Bickley's contribution to a number of public service projects both in a professional capacity and as a citizen. Includes these formats: \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nplanning documents, \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\ncorrespondence, \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nmeeting notes, and \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nagendas for these organizations: \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n-Amistad, Inc., a publishing company she formed; \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n-West Virginia Humanities Foundation; \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n-Black Mountain Youth Leadership Program, Berea College; \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n-The EcoTheater in Lewisburg, for which she served as board member; \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n-National Council of Teachers of English, for which she was National Director; \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n-West Virginia Archives and History Commission, of which she was a member; and \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n-Marshall University colloquium on black history.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMost notable are the grant applications, programs, and correspondence from her work with the West Virginia Humanities Foundation. Bickley was President of the Board of Directors and wrote a ten-year history of the organization, 1974-1984. The files include background materials for a number of projects for which she or others received grants. For her work with the Kanawha County Board of Education, her files include research materials about minority student achievement, and documents about the Kanawha County Schools Minority Student Achievement Task Force and Maximizing Achievement of African-American Children in Kanawha County (MAAACK). Documenting her work with an organizing committee to clean up the Bethel Cemetery in Huntington, her files include calls for participants, flyers, lists of members, and more. One civic activity with no apparent formal organization includes a meeting with Governor Rockefeller to advocate for affirmative action in West Virginia government. More on Bickley's professional and community activities can be found in the Awards, Honors Series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Notes from Meeting between WV SAC and Governor Rockefeller--June 13\" The SAC [Statistical Analysis Center] asked the governor to authorize another study concerning minority employment in West Virginia with the goal of supporting affirmative action and the employment of more minorities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHumanities Scholar Resource Forms by Virginia Edwards (2/86), Judith G Stitzel, and Elayne Rapping for the project, \"Reel Visions: A Conference on Women and Film.\" \"Seminar for Professionals Scholar's Statement\" by AB. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Midwest Quarterl\u003c/emph\u003ey article \"The Humanities in Public Conversation.\" Publication: \"The Humanities Foundation of West Virginia, 1974-1984, A Decade of Discovery\" which lists awards; AB was President of the Board of Directors.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBrochure for the 15th Year of the EcoTheater founded by Maryat Lee, 1975-1990. Letter of support fro grant to the EcoTheater, February 10, 1990. Business correspondence with members of the Board of Directors.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes, membership lists, and correspondence from meetings of the Bethel Memorial Park Interest Group. Various research notes regarding black WV doctors and other topics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInvitation to Ronald Reagan's inauguration\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence from Cecil H. Underwood and Earl Ray Tomblin regarding appointment to the WV Archives and History Commission, July 11, 2000-September 22, 2000.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePapers and notes from 1975 National Council of Teachers of English (NCTE) conferences when AB was National Director. List of attendees. Black history newspaper clippings. NCTE Spring Institutes programs: April 4-8 in Buffalo, New York; and April 25-29 in Santa Barbara, California. Paper by NB \"Mini-Psychological Theory about Black Americans\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInvitation to Jimmy Carter's inauguration, January 20, 1977.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCertificate of incorporation and other legal documents for Amistad, Inc. Humanities Foundation grant application. Correspondence, agendas for Board meetings, and notes from meetings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with William (Bill) Turner regarding a black history colloquium at Marshall and editing a special issue the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAppalachian Journal.\u003c/emph\u003e \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSojourner: Voice of the Eastern Kentucky Social Clubs\u003c/emph\u003e, 1989.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram for MU symposium \"Moving Toward Freedom: Slavery and Resistance.\" WV Humanities Foundation grant materials for \"Fact to Freedom: The Story of Slavery in West Virginia.\" Cost details for recreating a slave auction block. Photograph of 10th and Market in Wheeling, 1895.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with Brucella and Norman Jordan re: the African American Heritage Family Tree Museum. Also a Humanities Council Grant, brochures, newspaper clippings, press releases. B. Jordan's curriculum vitia and job description with an appliation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials supporting the proposal for WVSC's The Canty House being placed on the National Register of Historic Places.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials for collaboration of Kanawha County Schools Minority Student Achievement Task Force and Achieving Excellence in Learning (AEL). Maximizing Achievement of African-American Children in Kanawha County (MAACK) materials. Data on Kanawha County students.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReadings on teaching minority students, Ebonics. Maximizing Achievement of African-American Children in Kanawha County (MAACK) materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes and correspondence pertaining to the evaluation of the Black Mountain Youth Leadership Program at Berea College.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from the Governor of Montana. Itineraries. Correspondence re: trip.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMatted print of D. Richardson's drawing of the WV Colored Children's Home.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes eleven subseries which highlight Bickley's research on black history in West Virginia and to a smaller extent black history in general. The subseries include her work on black history for many West Virginia counties with her research being more extensive for Cabell, Jefferson, and Kanawha Counties which have their own subseries. The subseries for Research Notes and Collected Papers are: General, Biography; Cabell County, WV; Jefferson County, WV; Kanawha County, WV; Other WV Counties; Churches, Education; General; Organizations; Slavery; and the Underground Railroad.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBickley researched a wide range of black history and black culture topics; for example, Aunt Jemima and the statue of a black boy as yard ornament, in addition to persons and events. The research provided background for her writings and was often incorporated into her works of fiction as well as historical accounts. Her papers include research notes and supporting sources on a wide range of topics with reference to black history and West Virginia black history.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten inventory of boxes with Post-it-Note \"Found AFTER boxing - This drawer-files are out of order so I don't know if it will be helpful. (Plus, my sister has horrible handwriting.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePost card from Mabel Hunter with Storer College Brackett Hall dorm room circled (1946). Photo of statue of Carter G. Woodson. 1850 mortality statistics for western section of Virginia. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBulletin of the West Virginia State Teachers' Association\u003c/emph\u003e, 1940. Program for the Mountain State Bar Association, Inc. Annual Awards Banquet, June 18, 1988. Partial transcript of \"Interview with Doris Miller, Huntington, WV\" regarding house purported to be on the underground railroad. Marriage records, 1869, Trinity Church, Parkersburg. \"Reading the Names\" program at Virginia Sate University of those lynched, 1868-1935; AB read the WV names, ca. 2011. Handwritten research notes. Notes on census slave records. Proposed black history highway markers, 2001. Newspaper clipping about Huntington Tuskegee Airmen, 2009. Email from Brucella Jordan requesting a recommendation; paragraph regarding the founding of the African American Heritage Family Tree Museum, 2010. Email from David Trobridge invitation to speak at Marshall University, 2011. Facsimile of pages from the Bureau of Negro Welfare and Statistics regarding the Episcopal Church in West Virginia. Roster of Negroes serving in state and local government, ca. 1968. \"The West Virginia Medical Society [Black].\" \"Slavery in Western Virginia\" (notes for an exhibit?)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence and research notes regarding the black history of Gallipolis, Ohio. Love story by Harry Dolphis Scott, Bidwell, Ohio. Typed lists from Carter G. Woodson's Free Negro Head of Families (1830), Town of Gallipolis.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewspaper clippings from the Herald-Dispatch, 1981. Brochure: \"Graduates of Distinction: Michael Perry, Ancella Bickley\" from the Education Alliance, 2002\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVarious articles regarding blues music. Multiple facsimiles of \"Bessie Smith, 1898-1937, A Short Blues Anthology,\" 1971; one with annotations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVarious articles including the legend of Jocko, subject of a lawn ornament, and a 1971 black history calendar by Raymond W. Lowry which highlights achievements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003end Annual John Henry Festival, Clifftop, West Virginia: Herbs and Traditional Medicine\u003c/emph\u003e[by] Roscoe Leonard.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTypewritten paper about spirituals\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJournal, newspaper, and magazine articles about black history, Carter G. Woodson, Nelson Bickley, and the methyl isocyanate leak in Institute, 1984.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eProspective Sites Relating to Black History in Canada\u003c/emph\u003e by William N. T. Wylie, June 1994.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials regarding the holiday, Juneteenth, which celebrates the Emancipation Proclamation. Text of two speeches.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"The Black Literary Tradition of West Virginia: A Bio-Critical Survey\" [by] Leonard J. Deutsch\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe booklet (2 copies) \"History of African-American Miners in Appalachian Coal Fields: Black History Month, February, 2000\" Funeral program for Ulysses Grant Carter, teacher at Kimball High School. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eA Saga of Service: A History of the Mining Extension Service of West Virginia State College, 1937-1957\u003c/emph\u003e by Cecile M. McCormick and U.G. Carter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFacsimiles of pages from reports from the WV Bureau of Negro Welfare and Statistics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence and attached materials from Sara J. Sow re: blacks in Gallia County, Ohio. \"Why We Celebrate Our Culture and Church\" about churches in Lawrence County, Ohio.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with and writings of James Fisher, Berkeley County.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBackground research notes and materials about Cuba. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eNational Geographic\u003c/emph\u003e article \"Evolution in the Revolution: CUBA.\" Poems by or translated by Nelson A. Ossorio.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with Joan C. Browning re: content for the Henrietta Marie exhibit; white women in the civil rights movement. Biography. Resume. Newspaper clippings; article \"Invisible Revolutionaries: White Women in Civil Rights Historiography.\" Program and other materials for the WVU panel for the Rush Holt History Conference. Commentary from John Raines re: J. Browning and David Mussat's contributions to the RDH Conference; annotated JB paper \"Religion Gave Me Power to Witness\" and David Mussat's paper \"Sticks and Stone: an Interpretation of Power and Religion in the Movement.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials on many aspects of WV Black history including newspaper clippings, scholarly articles, meeting programs, and the text of an Odd Fellows speech.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Negro Coal Miners in West Virginia, 1875-1925\" from the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMidwest Journal\u003c/emph\u003e, 1954. Reprint of \"Negro Migration to the Mining Fields of West Virginia\" from the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eProceedings, West Virginia Academy of Sciences\u003c/emph\u003e, 1936.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten research notes. Research materials re: WV history. Typed notes on WV black history. 1955 newspaper article re: integration of schools.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence regarding black WV historical markers. Resignation as a Commissioner for the WV Division of Culture and History. Program for Roosevelt Junior High School Award Assembly, June 2, 2000; Bickley is on the program for the East End History Essay.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrograms for West Virginia Conference on Black History at the First Baptist Church in Charleston, April 22-23, 1988, and the Eighth Annual Conference on West Virginia's Black History at Marshall University, November 10-11, 1995\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWeb page print out of article about Silas Green in minstrel show.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Fifth U.S. Colored Infantry\" by John F. Walter, rev. 1998. Includes information on Ohio and WV blacks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Negro Participants in the Fields of the Theatre and Music Plus Associated Enterprises: Period: 1920-1960\" by Dr. Douglass T. Murray. Booklet for The National [Negro] Opera [Company].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePaper titled \" School Desegregation Since \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBrown\u003c/emph\u003e (1954): 30-Year Perspective\" by Franklin Parker, WVU Professor of Education, 1984. Two pages of annotated text of a speech about education of black West Virginians, [delivered at WVU]. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDaily Athenaeum \u003c/emph\u003earticle re: interview Nelson Bickley about discrimination in housing in Morgantown, 1971. Program for \"The West Virginia Experience in Higher Education: an Historical Perspective\" at WVU, 1984, when AB was on a panel. Facsimile of the pamphlet \"The Black Student at WVU\" 1971-72. Correspondence from the Ohio University Press re: manuscript review of the book \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMemphis Tennessee Garrison\u003c/emph\u003e by William H. Turner, 1999. \"History of DuBois High School\" from a book. Map of slave plantations in Wood County, Va. Map of Underground Railroad routes to Canada, 1898.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEmail correspondence primarily between AB and her daughter Ancella Livers re: access to WWII Soldiers' letters at the New York Public Library. Email from Della [Hardman?] re: Belle Powell and Ravella Hughes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes biographical material for many people of interested to Bickley. Types of material include correspondence, handwritten notes, clippings and articles, photographs, various facsimiles, and more. Subjects of research notes and collected materials include: Carter G. Woodson, Dick Pointer, Henry Louis \"Skip\" Gates, Memphis Tennessee Garrison, John Henry, Ravella Hughes, John Wesley Harris, Maude Beatrice Bell Plowden, Della Brown Taylor, Bessie Yancey, Mollie Gabe (Mary Elizabeth Johnson), Elizabeth Simpson Drewry, J. McHenry Jones, Stonewall Jackson, Gwen McMillion Bingham, and William Cathay. Additional topics include: blacks in WV literature; black women; Tuskegee Airmen including John L. Whitehead, Jr. and William Lee Hill; and black WV legislators. Biographical information is also included in the Interviews and Oral History Interviews series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewspaper clippings. Partial notes [speech] J. McHenry Jones including John R. Clifford, Christopher Payne, and black legislators. Pages from a 1913 Congressional hearing on \"Conditions in the Paint Creek District, West Virginia\" with conditional pardon of Dan Chain highlighted. Memo, 1/18/03, from Alfonzo Dalton regarding interview with Ben Carson who was a Republican candidate for the US President in 2016.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter to researcher Sean Duff, November 19, 2012, and attached information regarding J. McHenry Jones and Wheeling. Letter to researcher L. Morris Jones, May 3, 1989. Newspaper clipping of article about \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHearts of Gold\u003c/emph\u003e which was written by J. McHenry Jones (JMJ). Various versions of \"James McHenry Jones: a Monologue\" by Ancella R. Bickley. Full and partial \"J. McHenry Jones, 1859-1909.\" Text of newspaper article about JMJ's opposition to the Evans Jim Crow Bill, February 14, 1907. Research notes including Jones family history. Facsimile of pages from \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHistory of the Jones Family \u003c/emph\u003eby John L. Jones.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch notes on Guion Bluford (?). Ed White, sculptor, biography. Facsimile of pages from the children's book \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBlack Stars in Orbit\u003c/emph\u003e, [1995]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence between NB and The Association for the Study of Negro Life and History, Incorporated regarding preservation of the Carter G. Woodson house in Huntington. Correspondence between Carter G. Woodson and his sister, Bessie Woodson Yancey, regarding upkeep of the house.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials on Dick Pointer, black Indian War hero, for an article for the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eJournal of the Greenbrier Historical Society\u003c/emph\u003e; the article; handwritten notes; various versions of the article. Research notes. Facsimile of a painting by S. Ross Browne, 1993.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with Henry Louis \"Skip\" Gates, Jr. Newspaper clipping: MU Commencement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with Adolphus Young regarding black West Virginia women, particularly MTG.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eWashington Post\u003c/emph\u003e article \"In Quest of the Historical John Henry\" by Hank Burchard, August 24, 1969. Press release by Kyle McCormick, WV Dept. of Archives and History, 1957. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eWV Hillbilly\u003c/emph\u003e, June 23, 1979, \"A Salute to John Henry.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten notes about John Matheus, WVSC professor; his curriculum vitae, ca. 1953; reprint of an article from the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCLA Journal\u003c/emph\u003e by him, 1972.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch notes about Revella Hughes\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch notes about William Hill for \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eGoldenseal\u003c/emph\u003e article about Tuskegee Airmen.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch on John Brown including materials from the National Parks Service's John Brown Conference, 2000; an annotated Langston Hughes' poem \"October 16;\" and \"A Psychological Examination of John Brown.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo newspaper clippings: one about Fannie Cobb Carter and one about Memphis Tennessee Garrison\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eObituary and other information about Major General Charles \"Jackie\" Calvin Rogers. Documents regarding the naming of a United States Army Reserve Center for him. Text of NB's speech.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eGoldenseal \u003c/emph\u003earticle about John Wesley Harris. Facsimile of newspaper clipping about Maude Beatrice Bell Plowden.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTranscript of interview with AB by Ohio State University's WOSU about Della Brown Taylor [Hardman], a graduate of Garnet High School, artist, and teacher at WVSC.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch notes. Transcript of conversation with Bruce Rogers regarding Aunt Jemima and Bruce Family history. Facsimiles of newspaper articles regarding Aunt Jemima.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBackground research about the Sargent School of Physical Education; Sydney Taylor Brown who graduated from there and then WVSC; black women in the American Red Cross; and black women's service in WWII. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAmerican Legacy\u003c/emph\u003e, Winter 1999. Research notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFacsimile of pages from \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHistory of the American Negro,\u003c/emph\u003e W.Va. Edition, vol. VII, [edited] by [A. D.] Caldwell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrint outs of web pages regarding the Tuskegee Airmen. Photograph of monument in Walterboro, SC. Newspaper clippings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials pertaining to Carter G. Woodson including: journal and magazine articles; facsimile of book pages; newspaper clippings; and a masters degree thesis. Text of speeches and programs for speeches by both AB and NB. Invitation to a reception to honor Sen. and Mrs. John F. Kennedy in Huntington, April 20, 1960.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoems, correspondence, and other writings by Bessie Yancey, Carter G. Woodson's sister. Photocopies of journal articles and WV Collegiate Institute publications. Special Carter G. Woodson issue of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCommunity, \u003c/emph\u003epublished by Friendship House, Winter 1970. Issue of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Journal of Negro History\u003c/emph\u003e, July 1968.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials on Mollie Gabe, also known as Mary Elizabeth Johnson, midwife from Falls Mill, Braxton County.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials about John P. Parker, a former slave who was active in the UGRR in Ohio. Parker was also an inventor and a business man.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials about Elizabeth Simpson Drewry, McDowell County representative to the WV House of Delegates.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to Bessie W. Yancey, CGW's sister. Research materials. Poem \"The Forgotten Boys.\" Correspondence re: restoration of the CGW home. Carter G. Woodson Memorial Committee and Foundation materials. Text of speech by AB. CGW stamps. Dedication of statue of CGW. Correspondence re: Ann Eliza Riddle Woodson family property. CGW genealogy prepared by Nelson Barnett, Jr. Letter from CGW to Bessie Woodson Yancey. Text of paper \"Carter G. Woodson: the West Virginia Connection.\" Photographs of CGW and kin.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence from CGW to Bessie W. Yancey, re: house in Huntington, 1941. Book contract between Bessie W. Yancey for \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEchoes in the Hills \u003c/emph\u003eand CGW's company, The Associated Publishers, 1939. Letter re: book to CGW from BWY, 1939. Letter from John W. Davis, President WVSC, to BWY, 1945, re: Nelson Bickley. Letter from BWY to Louis R. Mehlinger re: loss of two brothers, 1950. Envelope, no contents, from Joel A Rogers, 1951. Envelope, no contents, from The Associated Publishers, 1958. Photographic negative of BWY.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials including newspaper clippings, correspondence, articles, and research notes on Carter G. Woodson; Bessie W. Yancey; Black History Month; restoration of the Woodson home; and the Woodson family. Annotated copy of the paper \"Carter G. Woodson: the West Virginia Connection.\" Facscimiles of Otis Woodson and CGW photos. Photo of Bessie Woodson Yancey and letter from BWY to CGW re: poetry. Edited entry for CGW from \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Encyclopedia of Black America\u003c/emph\u003e. List of WV Collegiate Institutue, 1920/21 and 1921/22. Facsimile of correspondence between CGW and BWY re: house.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials on J. McHenry Jones including facsimiles of obituaries; other newspaper clippings; and transcriptions of clippings. Photo of Hazlewood Assembly Hall. Notes [speech?] on JMJ. Timeline with sources. Paper about JMJ by AB. Jones family history.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePages copied from book \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Hidden Years of Stonewall Jackson \u003c/emph\u003epurporting that he fathered a black child. From Merle Moore.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials on Tuskegee Airmen including John L. Whitehead, Jr. and William Lee Hill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eText of a speech? \"African Americans in the West Virginia Legislature.\" Letter from C.A. Blankenship to \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Negro History Bulletin\u003c/emph\u003e adding names of Negroes who served in the WV Legislature, 1964. \"West Virginia's Black Female Legislators\" ca. 1991. Facsimile of photo with caption: \"President Harry S. Truman being shown a copy of America's first Black pictorial magazine. [There is some question which came first \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eColor\u003c/emph\u003e or \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEbony]\u003c/emph\u003e Left to right: Sippi Coleman, Pres. Truman, W.VA. Congressman, Dr. I.J.K. Wells Editor and Publisher of Color,\" ca. 1948. Newspaper clipping of article re: female legislators, 1998.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFacsimile of photo of \"Gabriel, Pardoned by VA Governor Tim Kaine, June 26, 2007.\" Research notes. Paper \"Major General Gwen McMillion Bingham,\" ca. 2011 with newspaper clipping. Facsimile of unidentified photograph of woman in uniform. Paper \"'Who Was William Cathay?' adapted from a piece in the St. Louis Daily Times, January 2, 1876.\" Poem \"Cathay Williams,\" 1997. Facsimile of enlarged photo of face of unidentified soldier. Summary/timeline for Cathay Williams/William Cathay.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDraft of \"Elizabeth Simpson Drewry, 1894-1979\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCovers a wide range of topics on the history of Cabell County; Huntington, WV; and adjacent Ohio counties. Notable are Nelson Barnett's transcriptions of late 19th century Huntington newspaper articles regarding blacks. Also included are newspaper clippings, monographs, photos, biographies, and interviews about veterans, church history, education, organizations, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"References and Briefs to Miscellaneous Newspaper Articles, [June 15, 1872-October 21, 1898, and June 4, 1922-May 20, 1928]\" compiled by Nelson Barnett, Jr., 1988, from Huntington newspapers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Black Veterans of World War I from Cabell County, W.Va., 1918.\" \"Past Imperfect, 1902: Articles of Interest, [Nov. 13, 1901-Dec. 31, 1901]\" compiled by Nelson Barnett, Jr. from Huntington newspapers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Past-Imperfect, 1901: Articles of Interest, [Jan. 7, 1901-May 28, 1901]\" compiled by Nelson Barnett, Jr. from Huntington newspapers\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResources about blacks in Huntington and Cabell County. Includes a bibliography of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eGoldenseal \u003c/emph\u003earticles about blacks. Other resources are church histories, listings of names, facsimiles of book chapters and papers, newspaper clippings, interviews, handwritten research notes, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Progress of the Huntington Negro\" by Prof. J. W. Scott\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"A Black History of Huntington\" by Edna Duckworth, 1976. Genealogy for Edna Duckworth. \"Biohistrogenetics Project Proposal\" to the Carter G. Woodson Memorial Foundation, 1996-1997; Duckworth is listed as the visionary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarriage records, late 19th century, Cabell County.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with Clara Knight. Facsimiles of Greenbottom Church, Huntington, records listing black members. Records regarding John Ball freeing his slaves, 1793. Map of Millersport, OH, 1887.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with Bill Lindsay re: blacks in Huntington and Pocahontas County\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo newspaper clippings: one about Nellie Fransisco [sic] and AB's research about blacks on the Ohio River.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"A Black History of Huntington\" by Edna Duckworth, [1976]. Census data for black families in Lawrence County, Ohio; 1850, 1860.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotos of black workers in C\u0026amp;O shop including Anderson Radford, AB's grandfather. Correspondence; transcription of newspaper articles; research notes; biographical sketches; photos of Goodes; newspaper clippings; church histories and programs; facsimiles of book pages; transcription of interviews; and bibliography.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch notes. Photos. Paper \"Black People and the Huntington Experience.\" Project, \"A Sojourn for Truth: Revisiting Black History Along the Ohio River,\" overview. Research materials re: Huntington, Cabell County, and parts of Ohio. Transcript of interview with Suzette Spencer. \"The West Virginia Colored Children's Home\" by Ancella R. Bickley. \"Poke Patch/Black Fork, Ohio\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch notes on Douglass School. Typewritten notes on Douglass School, 1891-1924. Notes from conversation with Nellie Francisco. Handwritten transcription of article, 1902.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCovers research about blacks in Charlestown and Harpers Ferry as well as other locations in Jefferson County. Materials include obituaries, school histories, correspondence, cemetery records, research notes, and more about school integration, Storer College, slave collars, Fisherman's Hall, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials regarding blacks in Charlestown. Obituary for former slave George Jenkins in Huntington, 1917.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePaper about St. Philip's parochial school by James A. Tolbert. Materials re: Sons of Confederate Veterans tablet in Harper's Ferry. Other research materials re: Jefferson County and Charlestown.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotos of a slave collar. Correspondence re: acquiring the collar for the Henrietta slave ship exhibit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with James Tolbert re: black CCC camp, McDowell County; Black History Conference; Fisherman's Hall, Charlestown, restoration; Harewood Cemetery, Jefferson County; marker for Martin Delany, Charlestown.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials re: Harpers Ferry, the National Park, and Storer College.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTypewritten text of speech at Shepherd College, 2004. Transcript \"Discussion of Integration of Schools in Jefferson County: Jim Tolbert.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten research notes mostly re: John Brown and Harpers Ferry, ca. 2000.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCovers research about blacks in the WV Capitol, Charleston, and other locations in Kanawha County. Topics covered include slavery in the salt industry, biographies, wine cellars, and buildings. Contents include correspondence, facsimiles of documents, research papers, obituaries, newspaper clippings and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials about slavery in West Virginia with focus on Kanawha County and the salt industry\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials on black attorney Thomas Gillis Nutter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials on Charleston, WV including: \"Unpublished Black History in the Early Kanawha Valley\" by William D. Wintz; \"Blacks in Charleston, West Virginia: A Survey of Their Presence in the Community and Occupational and Residential Patterns in the Early 1900s\" by Mary Johnson, WVU student. Research materials regarding Oscar Wayman Holmes, the first African American naval aviator and obituaries for C.H. James, prominent black businessman. Text of speech, \"Black People in Charleston,\" 1994.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials on the Dutch Hollow wine cellars in Dunbar.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDocuments regarding Samuel W. Starks and the Starks House in Charleston. Correspondence regarding its being put on the National Register of Historic Places.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with Eugene Washington re: Phillis Wheatley School and Albert G. Brown, architect.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExcludes Cabell, Jefferson, and Kanawha Counties which have separate subseries. Includes research materials about slavery, school integration, lynching, historic homes, and more researched by Bickley for these counties: Wayne, McDowell, Harrison, Greenbrier, Hardy, Fayette, Monongalia, Upshur, Wood, and Monroe; as well as the cities of Bluefield, Buckhannon, Keystone, Weirton, Weston, and Wheeling. Research materials include photographs, correspondence, brochures, newspaper clippings, book pages, articles, interviews, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVarious documents regarding blacks in Wayne County, WV; the Livisay family; writings by Tim R. Massey, 1981; the Lindsey family; photograph and negatives of a photograph of a black family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials on McDowell County, WV, with focus on the towns of Keystone and Keystone. Letters and notes from Adolphus A. Young, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram for \"Freedom Is a Struggle: Glimpses of African-American Life in the Greenbrier Valley of [West] Virginia.\" Brochure \"Black Historic Sites in Lewisburg, West Virginia.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewspaper clipping about Sarah Hall, black lawyer. Facsimiles of research materials. \"The History of the Negro in McDowell County and in West Virginia Leading Up to and Including the Integration of Schools\" by Dr. Douglass T. Murray. Typewritten notes from Adolphus Young, Jr. Correspondence with Alphonso Dalton, Jr. regarding MTG and black McDowell County families\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFacsimile of 1952 newspaper article regarding slaves listed in 1848 Harrison County tax book. Slave owners are listed and includes Nathan Goff.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePaper, author unidentified, regarding lynching in WV. Research materials about slaves in Greenbrier County\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence regarding letter from a slave asking to be purchased by Stump family [1851]. Facsimile of letter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch notes and resources regarding Glenwood, historic home in Charleston. Clarksburg newspaper article of reminiscences of a former slave, Ann Freeman and others. Clarksburg newspaper article regarding Union Veterans Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials for Fayette County including contacts list, newspaper articles, maps, facsimiles of pages from books, student research paper, church histories, handwritten research notes, and grant applications. Correspondence with and Lucille Meadows and her handwritten reminiscences.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewspaper articles, facsimiles of historical records. Partial manuscript for \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTo Be Black in Fayette \u003c/emph\u003eand annotated pages. \"Black Politics in Fayette County, West Virginia, 1896-1918\" by Daniel Wright. Text of speech by Daniel Wright. Brochure titled \"Camp Washington-Carver: a Compendium of the First African-American 4-H Camp.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials and research notes: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMonongalia Blacks Speak\u003c/emph\u003e: Women, Part II and Men, Part I, Holland family, schools. Interview with Grace Edwards Waters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials about Weirton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials about Upshur County. Facsimiles of articles written by R.H. Ralston, Sr. regarding Buckhannon's black history; newspaper clippings. \"A History of Blacks in Buckhannon: The Recollections of Harriet Warfield,\" an interview with Harriet Warfield, 1977.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials regarding blacks in Wheeling. \"Wheeling's Black Population: A General Perspective\" written and presented by Darryl Clausell, Pat Dudley, with contributors Kathryn Snead and Dorothy Cooper, 1990. Correspondence with Margaret Brennan. Photo of AB, Pat Dudley, Brennan, and Annie Tanks at an Oral History Seminar in Wheeling.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence regarding Memphis Tennessee Garrison. Research materials on Gary and other McDowell County locales: newspaper clippings, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eGoldenseal\u003c/emph\u003e article.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePapers by Wheeling Jesuit Students Joel Michael Coulson and Beau Conway.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch resources regarding blacks in Fayette County, WV, including transcripts of oral history interviews with Lucille Meadows, Mrs. Turner, Charista Davis, Lula Lall Jones, Rosa Roach and Jessie Barrett; correspondence, church histories and programs. Includes Smoot family information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTranscripts of interviews with Alease Watkins, David W. Turner, Russell Lee Matthews, and Elsie Choice Hopkins. Also, includes research notes, newspaper clippings, a grant application, facsimiles of book pages, and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhoto of Lomax Hospital in Bluefield. Brochures for Afro-Appalachian Performance Company. Correspondence with Joseph Bundy re: history alive performances. Research materials about black Bluefield hospitals.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with Ray Swick re: blacks in Wood County. Research notes. Correspondence with the Wood County Bicentennial Commission re: speech.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCourt record for \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMullens v. County Court\u003c/emph\u003e, 1932. Facsimile of WV entry from \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e100 Years of Lynchings\u003c/emph\u003e by Ralph Ginzburg. \"The Greenbrier County Lynching: a Study of West Virginian Justices\" by Ancella Bickley Livers. \"'Reading the Names,' Program at Virginia State University.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch notes re: Parkersburg black history. Facsimile of letter and transcription of letter from ex-slave Isaac Fairfax to George Washington Henderson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Charles (Charley) Goddard re: Greenbrier County history and Sharlotta Gardner contact information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopy of photo and negative of lynching. Photos of black children. Note from Maurice Allman, Hacker's Creek Pioneer Descendants. Transcripts of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eWeston Democrat\u003c/emph\u003e articles re: 1892 lynching of Edgar Jones. Transcripts re: 1910 lynching. Research notes on these incidents. Application for the Weston Colored School to be placed on the National Register of Historical Places. Research notes re: Weston State Hospital. Correspondence re: dedication of the Central West Virginia Genealogical and Historical Library, formerly the Weston Colored School. Handwritten transcription of interview with Rahleen Gardner who attended the School. Transcript of conversation with Mrs. Joy Gilchrist, 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTranscripts of interviews with Mr. Waldo Lacy and Mrs. Gladys Lacy. Facsimile of newspaper article of speech by T.J. Ferguson, 1870. Research materials on the Sumner School. History of Parkersburg from Bernie Allen. Facsimile of books pages, newspaper articles, and transcription of newspaper articles. Parkersburg Art Center brochure featuring Joseph Eldridge Dodd. Text for slide show (no slides). Typewritten outline of \"Parkersburg Study.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFacsimiles of newspaper articles. Correspondence with Ray Swick, Blennerhassett Island State Park. Research materials about blacks in Wood County. Research notes. \"A History of Sumner School\" written by Sally Browning, 1996. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Island Packet\u003c/emph\u003e from the Friends of Blennerhassett Island.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBackground research on blacks in Monroe County. Correspondence with Fawn Valentine and Presidents of the Monroe County Historical Society. \"Bishop Matthew W. Clair, Sr.: a Biography\" by Dr. Margaret B. Ballard, 1973.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes programs, bulletins, correspondence, research notes, and histories of black West Virginia churches in Fayetteville, Charleston, Charlestown, Fairmont, St. Albans, Parkersburg, Huntington, and Alderson. Also includes a history of churches and lodges in West Virginia as well as histories of the Odd Fellows, Knights of Pythias, and the Galilean Fisherman lodges. Denominations represented include African Methodist Episcopal, Episcopalian, and Baptist.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with Lucile S. Meadows regarding help with the Second Baptist Church, Fayetteville, Centennial; racial tolerance in schools\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"125th Anniversary Journal\" First Baptist Church, February 1, 1868-February 28, 1993, Charleston, WV\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTime line for black Episcopalians in WV. \"The First Hundred Years: a History of St. Philip's Episcopal Church, Charles Town.\" Research notes and sources. Humanities Foundation of WV grant application by Florita Montgomery to study the history of St. Phillips' Episcopal Church. Information on the Trinity Church in Parkersburg. Photograph including some black congregants.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1907 Weekly Bulletin of Diamond St. M.E. Church in Fairmont\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBook titled \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMiracle on B Street Continues\u003c/emph\u003e about St. Paul Baptist Church's (St. Albans) 131st anniversary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter re: slide presentation at the Young Chapel African American Methodist Episcopal Church. Program for the 94th Church Anniversary. Handwritten time line and other notes. Booklet of photographs, text of Bickley's speech, newspaper clipping.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Black Churches and Lodges in West Virginia in Their Infancy, 1865-1900\" by J. Reuben Sheeler. \"History of Bright Hope Lodge #9, F.\u0026amp;A.M. and - P.H.A. Montgomery WV.\" Facsimile of pages \"Introduction and Growth of the Grand United States Order of Odd Fellows in America.\" Notes \"Knights of Pythias of West Virginia History\" researched by James A. Tolbert. Notes about \"Grand United Order of the Galilean Fisherman\" compiled by Ann Wilson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEmail correspondence with Adrienne Belafonte re: a newspaper article about the Shiloh Baptist Church in Alderson. Clipping of the article.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram for First Baptist Church 125th Anniversary, 1997. Program for installation of Rev. William F. Buchanan, First Baptist Church, 1988.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes newspaper clippings, text for presentations, correspondence, research notes, articles, commencement programs, interviews and more about state and national teachers' organizations, historically black WV colleges including West Virginia State College and West Virginia University, integration of schools, histories of specific schools, the Kanawha County textbook controversy, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewspaper articles: WV Education Association (WVEA) Executive Committee meeting, the National Education Association (NEA) and the need for minority teachers; and recommendations from the Black Caucus, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eWV School Journal\u003c/emph\u003e, December 15, 1973. Photograph of Blacks in auditorium seating, ca. 1950s\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMultiple facsimiles of a post card picturing Albert Long, \"Bertie\" -- Aunt Onie's Son. West Virginia State College Commencement Programs: 1948, 1950, 1951\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInformation sheets and travel plans for trip to Egypt, July 5, 1987, sponsored by WVSC. Passport and Visa information written on folder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVarious versions of text for a multi-media program on the history of West Virginia State College (WVSC) and Institute, WV\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter to Edmonia Grider from Marjorie [Counts] regarding the Hilltop School, October 7, 1974.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript discussing integration and black teachers in WV, author unknown. Speech (?) regarding school integration. Research notes. Annotated speech: \"Black Education in West Virginia\" delivered in Shepherdstown.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials on the integration of WV schools: facsimiles of WV newspaper articles regarding integration of schools; \"How Black Students Saw Themselves through the Decades of Change at Bluefield State College (founded in 1895) as It Changed from Predominately Black Institution to a Predominantly White Institution\" by James Worsham\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram for the Alpha Delta Chapter, Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc. 19th annual Jabberwock, March 16th, 1949. Dance invitation, 1948. WVSC Commencement program, 1949. Washington Alumni Chapter banquet, 1976, to roast John W. Davis. Newspaper articles\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eVocational and Educational Survey for the Kanawha County Negro Schools\u003c/emph\u003e by Andrew H. Calloway, 1945.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, photos, newsletter, and newspaper clippings regarding the Douglass High School (Huntington) Reunion. Notes on class of 1947. Newspaper clipping regarding NB. Photo YWCA Y-Teens, Douglas High School, Christmas, 1946.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch notes on schools in Keyser and Piedmont, WV, including a facsimile of book pages from \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHoward School: a History, 1877-1955\u003c/emph\u003eregarding a black student strike for a better school in 1939. Notes on interview with Alberta Coleman, Piedmont, WV. Notes from interview with Opal Coates Carter, and other research notes, regarding Woolworth Fire, Charleston, WV, [ca. 1964s].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCompilation, by R. Charles Byers, of resources regarding WV black schools.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated pages for \"Integration in West Virginia\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBulletin of West Virginia State College\u003c/emph\u003e, Series 21, no. 1, June 1933. \"Why Choose West Virginia State College\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAffirmative action statistics for Bluefield State College, 1984. \"Pride and Preservation: West Virginia State College\" seminars which included Alex Haley as a speaker, 1979. Newspaper article re: archives at West Virginia State College, 1979. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSouthern Rural Women's Network Newsletter\u003c/emph\u003e, June, 1983. Photograph of Alex Haley with inscription and signed letter from Alex Haley to NB, 1970.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch notes and materials for research on education in Mason County, WV\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials regarding the Lincoln School in Wheeling, WV\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eWest Virginia State College Bulletin\u003c/emph\u003e, April 1941, Series 28, No. 2. Handwritten transcription of an article in \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Advocate\u003c/emph\u003e, 1907.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram for One Hundred Fifth Commencement, Huntington High School, 1971. Photo of AB, West Virginia State College Commencement, May 17, 1986.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eReport of the Twenty-first Annual NEA Conference on Human and Civil Rights in Education\u003c/emph\u003e, 1983, including paper by AB on the Kanawha County textbook controversy and censorship.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFacsimile of a brief historical sketch of Storer College, 1867-1891, by Kate J. Anthony, 1891.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewspaper clippings and other sources relating to the West Virginia Seminary and College and the Hilltop Baptist Center.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Integration in Reverse at West Virginia State College\" by Elizabeth Duran and James A. Duran, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, interviews, newspaper clippings, and facsimiles of photos re: WVSC's East Hall. Research notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWV Humanities Council grant application for a presentation on black education in Parkersburg. Research materials and notes. Handwritten and typed notes from interviews with Mrs. Dorsey, Mr. James Emondson, Mrs. Hattie Gazelle Turner, and Mrs. Elizabeth Mitchell. Particular focus on the Sumner School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhoto slides of WVSC buildings, presidents, etc. Post cards of WVSC buildings and Institute. Note cards from a lecture. Research materials on all aspects of WVSC history.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials on many aspects of WVSC history including faculty information. Includes these publications: \"ROTC in Review: 40 Years of Tradition;\" \"West Virginia State College Glee Club;\" Alumni Association, Los Angeles Chapter, Scholarship Luncheon program, 1989;\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram for Convocation and Dedication of the Harold Maceo McNeill Physical Facilities Plant, WVSC, 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from AB re: retirement of Justine Gutzmer; retirement announcement for Gerald Cote, Beatrice Dupass, Gutzmer, and Darthulia Jones. Facsimile of WWII death notice of Oliver Johnson to his parents and his obituary. Johnson was Gutzmer's brother.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBooklet of texts and order of ceremonies for the WVSC commencement program, 1985.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes background research on the Montgomery Woman's Improvement League, the West Virginia Federation of Colored Women's Clubs, Alpha Omicron Omega Chapter of the Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, the Mountain State Bar Association, and the West Virginia Medical Society. Research materials include a yearbook, programs, correspondence, a members list, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMontgomery Woman's Improvement League Year Book\u003c/emph\u003e, 1955-56 and 1960-61. Program for West Virginia State Federation of Colored Women's Clubs, Inc. Annual Convention, 1959. Newspaper photojournalism article regarding the College Alumni Club 50th anniversary history booklet. Program for the Annual Debutante Ball sponsored by Alpha Omicron Omega Chapter, Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, 1958. Correspondence with Katherine Atwater regarding resources.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram for the Annual Meeting and Awards Banquet of the Mountain State Bar Association, 1985. List of members, 1986.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePaper titled \"The West Virginia Medical Society [Black]\" Article: \"Historically Black Medical Colleges: From Scorn to Success\" from \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Boule Journal\u003c/emph\u003e, 2004.\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e \u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries includes maps, research papers, newspaper clippings, letters, census data, newspaper articles, facsimiles of historical slave documents, and more. Other materials regarding slavery can be found in county subseries and the Underground Railroad Subseries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWest Virginia map. \"Number of Slaves in Counties Which Became WV\" 1850, 1860. Typescript of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHistorical Atlas of West Virginia \u003c/emph\u003eby Frank S. Riddel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten notes on John Marshall; Marshall and slavery; Marshall and Robin Spurlock, his servant. Typed observations. Resource materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFacsimiles of legislation and resolutions to abolish slavery; and a list of representatives at the state convention in Wheeling.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials. Typewritten manuscript[s] by James Oliver Horton. Codes for occupations. Copy of newspaper article.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewspaper clipping and multiple facsimiles of an article about a slave breeding farm in Greenup, KY.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials about slaves in Ohio Valley plantations and adjacent WV counties. Photocopies of photographs of Mary and plantation sites.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFacsimiles of: newpaper slave ads; Virginia law re: Kanawha Slave Insurance Company; Dunsmore's Proclamation freeing slaves; Va. Law to send slave to Liberia; slaves in Bunker Hill; New York Times article re: slave uprising; and drawing of [Harpers Ferry]. Harpers Ferry National Historical Park Afro-American materials. \"History of Gerrardstown\" in \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Berkeley Journal\u003c/emph\u003e. Handwritten list of properties, including slave names, of Richard B. Washington, [1864]. Letter of transmittl and facsimile of bill of sale for slave, 18[4]5. Transcription of Rumsey-Polk letters re: slaves.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten research notes and research materials regarding reparations for slavery; text of NB speech; typewritten notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated manuscript \"Compensatory Justice: Over Time and Between Groups\" by Renee A. Hill; text of introduction of a speech about reparations; newsapper clippings; web page print outs; articles.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Collection Newsletter \u003c/emph\u003ewith articles re: slave letters. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eWest Virginia Then and Now \u003c/emph\u003earticle re: John Brown's letter. Research re: images of blacks in journalism. Research notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFacsimile of tables of free Negro listings from 1830 census. \"Researching Virginia's Slave and Free Negro Records\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFacsimile of newspaper article, 1934, re: Mount Pisgah Church, Proctorville, OH. \"The Way It Was…\" by Betty Burcham, a history of UGRR and Mount Pisgah Church. Facsimile of will of Eliza Goode freeing Sully Smith, her husband and her slave, 1848. Facsimile of two receipts for purchase of slaves, 1852. Research notes re: Ohio slaves and fugitives to WV.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries includes text of a speech made by Bickley, books, slides, photographs, brochures, post cards, correspondence, maps, and more. The materials focus on parts of Ohio across the river from Huntington as well as West Virginia. Some topics are quilt codes, abolitionists, runaway slaves, location of Underground Railroad sites, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials about Serena Wilson and the book \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHidden in Plain View: The Secret Story of Quilts and the Underground Railroad.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotos \"Trip to Doddridge County to visit Jaco Hill/cave - UGRR Site - w/Karen Nance, Sandra Moats, \u0026amp; Judy Wilinson, 6/20/01. Other research materials\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials on the Underground Railroad with focus on Ohio.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBrochures and post cards regarding the UGRR and the film \"Nightjohn.\" Correspondence with Margaret Brennan, organizer for the UGRR Summit in Wheeling. \"Reflections on the West Virginia UGRR Summit\" by Cathy D. Nelson; photo of AB speaking at the Summit and with Amanda Nelson and Sherry [Sowchuck].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence from Alicestyne Turley-Adams re: Underground Railroad Network Partnership.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with Lucille Deberry and other research materials re: the UGRR, some in West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with Sandra Moats-Burke re: UGRR in WV counties. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eExploring a Common Past: Researching and Interpreting the Underground Railroad\u003c/emph\u003e, 1998, 2nd ed. from the National Park Service. List of UGRR sites in WV.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotograph slides, numbered and identified. Research materials mostly about Ohio. \"Draft Proposal to Establish a National Underground Commemorative, Interpretive, and Research Center, City of Huntington, West Virginia\" 1994. Itinerary for trip to Washington to meet with Interior Dept. officials and Robert C. Byrd's staff.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBook chapter \"In Gallia and Miegs Counties\" from \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Mysteries of Ohio's Underground Railroad\u003c/emph\u003e by Wilbur Henry Siebert, 1951. Facsimile of handwritten narrative by an abolitionist, [1892]. Facsimile of letter from R. C. Rankin re: father Rev. John Rankin, 1892. Research notes on WV runaway slaves. Facsimile of letter to Daniel ? to Cyrus Little re: UGRR, 1894. Map of UGRR, 1860. Requests for copies from the Siebert papers. More facsimiles of records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBackground materials on the Underground Railroad in Ohio.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials including newspaper clippings and research notes on the Underground Railroad\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials re: the Underground Railroad. Research notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFacsimiles of documents pertaining to slaves in Jefferson County, VA. Itinerary for Underground Railroad tours [Ohio?]. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Escape of Jane: a True Story of the Underground Railroad\u003c/emph\u003e by Henry Burke \u0026amp; Dick Croy. Henry Robert Burke correspondence. Brochure on Henderson Hall, Wood County. Dick Croy correspondence and resume. Newspaper articles by Burke. \"Black Cultural Sites in West Virginia\" compiled by Michael Pauley and Peter Jesus, 1990\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with Sandra Moats-Burke re: UGRR. WV and county maps. Facsimile of pages from \"From the Charles River Shire, 1634-1643, to the Present Day Counties: Harrison, Doddridge, Ritchie, Wood, Pleasants and Tyler\" by Barr Wilson. Research materials on the UGRR. Research notes. \"The Anti-Slavery Movement in West Virginia,\" a speech delivered by Sandra Moats Burke.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials re: quilts and the Underground Railroad, 2001-2011. Notes re: Eliza Farrow, 2005. Paper \"The UGRR Quilt Code\" by Leigh Fellner. Research notes; newspaper clipping; facsimile of web page and transcription of story in an email \"Secret Quilt Code on Exhibit until 10/6,\" 2012; and September 2012 issue of Underground Railroad Free Press.\" Mini-grant for UGRR quilts materials, 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eUnderground Railroad: Official National Park Handbook\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes manuscripts and publications for books; plays and reenactor monologues; short stories; magazine and scholarly articles; and other forms of writing in both print and handwriting. Five subseries encompass the various genres of her writing. Also includes background and research materials for the subjects for her writings, both fiction and non-fiction.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes research materials for topics of articles. Subjects and formats treated are: encyclopedia entries in the biographical dictionary African American Architects; drafts and final versions of entries for both people and institutions for the West Virginia Encyclopedia; drafts and final versions of articles about Molly Gabe and Carter G. Woodson for Appalachian Heritage; newspaper articles for the Charleston (WV) Gazette Mail and Village Neighbors (FL) on a number of topics including George Wesley Atkinson, 10th governor of West Virginia, but especially for Black History Month and its founder Carter G. Woodson; Goldenseal articles about a Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) camp, Jessie Moon Thomas, Edward Greer, the Charleston Women's Improvement League, Memphis Tennessee Garrison, and West Virginia's Tuskegee Airmen; contribution to a symposium on diversity and change for Appalachian youth; and a study guide for a Charleston, WV, performance of Zora Neale Hurston's Spunk.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArticles by Ancella Bickley from the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eGoldenseal Magazine\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence regarding use of the Goldenseal article \"Camp War: Remembering CCC Company 3538-C\" in an online education guide by the WV State Museum.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated manuscript and research notes for Goldenseal article \"Education and Activism in Gary: a Visit with Jessie Moon Thomas.\" Correspondence with Mrs. Thomas including notes on the Froe and Moon families.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIssue of the journal \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAppalachian Heritage \u003c/emph\u003econtaining AB article \"Profiles: Mollie Gabe\" by Ancilla \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e[sic] \u003c/emph\u003eBickley.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Remembering Carter G. Woodson, the 'Father of Black History'\" in \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eVillage Neighbors\u003c/emph\u003e, [a publication of the Village in Florida where the Bickley's resided.] Typed notes on Carter G. Woodson. Transcription of letter from Bessie Woodson Yancey, CGW's sister, including text of the poem \"If You Live in West Virginia.\" CGW black history quiz prepared for the Spicy Ladies meeting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTyped text of autobiographical musings about friendship: likens travel in the south in 1952 to the Underground Railroad travel; and includes details about the move to Morgantown in 1966.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eGoldenseal\u003c/emph\u003e regarding \"Edward Greer: First Black General from West Virginia\" and potential story about 1939 black student strike in Piedmont, WV. Manuscripts for Greer article.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence and drafts of a \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eGoldenseal\u003c/emph\u003e article \"Lifting as We Climb\" about the Charleston Woman's Improvement League. Research materials including facsimiles of photographs. Newspaper article about Judge Irene Berger, McDowell County.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials on Carl Eugene Barnett and Robert Edward Lee Washington for entries in \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAfrican American Architects: A Biographical Dictionary, 1865-1945\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpiral bound program for\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e A Different World: Symposium on Diversity, Change, and Appalachian Youth,\u003c/emph\u003e 2006, where Bickley was a panelist.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAppalachian Heritage\u003c/emph\u003e, Summer 2008, which includes \"Carter G. Woodson: the West Virginia Connection\" by Ancella Bickley\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAppalachian Heritage\u003c/emph\u003e, Special Issue: Blacks in Appalachia, 1991, which includes Bickley's \"Molly Gabe\" in the Profiles section.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eGoldenseal\u003c/emph\u003e, Winter 2011, containing AB's article \"General Edward Greer: West Virginia's First Black General.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with Dreck S. Wilson re: contribution to the book \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBiographical Dictionary of African-American Architects, 1865-1945.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials about George Wesley Atkinson, tenth governor of WV who attended Howard University. Paper titled \"West Virginia's Tenth Governor and the Black Community\" and newspaper article by AB.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials re: the West Virginia Colored Orphans Home. Newspaper article written by AB. Testimonial for Fannie Cobb Carter. Research notes. Facsimiles of photos. Transcript of interview with Araminta Miller Justice. AB's paper about the Home.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript drafts and final versions for entries in the West Virginia Encyclopedia. Materials from West Virginia Humanities Council meetings re: the format and content of the Encyclopedia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAppalachian Heritage, Special Issue: Blacks in Appalachia, \u003c/emph\u003eFall 1991, with article by AB in the Profiles Section on Mollie Gabe.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMusings written to friends, 1996. Clipping of \"Commentary: Capable of Thinking, Working…and Paying Her Own Bills,\" 1979, Ancella Bickley Jr.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProcessor-created bibliography of Ancella Bickley's writings\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes books written, complied, or edited by Bickley, and background research materials and drafts of manuscripts. Books Bickley wrote include: a children's book, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e LuJay, No-Name, and the Parrot\u003c/emph\u003e, also titled \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eLucia Jean, No Name, and the Parrot\u003c/emph\u003e ; \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e …to be black in fayette\u003c/emph\u003e [sic]; \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e History of the West Virginia State Teacher's Association\u003c/emph\u003e; and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e In Spite of Obstacles: a History of the West Virginia Schools for Colored Deaf and Blind\u003c/emph\u003e. Books edited by Bickley include: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHonoring Our Past: Proceedings of the First Two Conferences on West Virginia's Black History\u003c/emph\u003e; \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMemphis Tennessee Garrison: the Remarkable Story of a Black Appalachian Woman\u003c/emph\u003e; and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e Our Mount Vernons: Historic Register Listing of Sites Significant to the Black History of West Virginia\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTyped manuscripts, 1-14 parts, of 1968 oral history interview with Garrison by Bernard Cleveland, with AB notes and Post-it-Note tabs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDraft of book introduction; correspondence; photos and negatives for book: MTG and family, Gary WV, mining, Edward O'Toole, facsimiles of photos. Facsimiles of William Garrison's obituary, letter of condolence from Agatha S. Lowe. Program for MTG celebration at Marshall. Personal notes of congratulations on book. Photograph permissions. Facsimile of deed for MTG's grandfather's property, Hollins, VA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"The Charleston Stage Company's Study Guide for George C. Wolfe's Adaptation of Zora Neale Hurston's \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSpunk\u003c/emph\u003e\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHonoring Our Past: Proceedings of the First Two Conferences on West Virginia's Black History\u003c/emph\u003e edited by Joe William Trotter, Jr. and Ancella Bickley\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eText and illustrations for [children's] book \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eLucia Jean, No Name, and the Parrot\u003c/emph\u003e as told to Ancella. Original illustrations by S. Ross Browne.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript for \"Papers from the Conference on West Virginia's Black History, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia, September 1991\" Facsimile of a book chapter \"Negro Education and Integration.\" Facsimile of photograph of students at Weston Colored School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpiral bound \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Gathering\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eOur Mount Vernons: Historic Register Listings of Sites Significant to the Black History of West Virginia\u003c/emph\u003e edited by Ancella R. Bickley.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHistory of the West Virginia State Teachers' Association\u003c/emph\u003e by Ancella R. Bickley; program for The Carter G. Woodson Memorial Foundation, Inc. annual banquet, 2006; research notes on \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHistory of Negro Secondary Education in McDowell County, WV.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eIn Spite of Obstacles: a History of the West Virginia Schools for the Colored Deaf and Blind, 1926-1955\u003c/emph\u003e by Ancella Bickley.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMemphis Tennessee Garrison: the Remarkable Story of a Black Appalachian Woman\u003c/emph\u003e edited by Ancella R. Bickley and Lynda Ann Ewen.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eOur Mount Vernons: Historic Register Listings of Sites Significant to the Black History of West Virginia\u003c/emph\u003e edited by Ancella R. Bickley. Program for Second Baptist Church in Fayetteville, 1993\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript for \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e…to be black in fayette\u003c/emph\u003e written and compiled by Ancella R. Bickley for The Centennial Committee of the Second Baptist Church of Fayetteville, West Virginia, and The Fayette County Black Caucus.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePermissions to publish papers in \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHonoring Our Past: Procedures of the First Two Conferences on West Virginia's Black History\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with Joe William Trotter. Research notes. Materials relating to the Second Annual Conference on West Virginia's Black History and a paper on James McHenry Jones. Trotter's syllabus for a seminar \"The Afro-American Experience.\" \"Blacks in West Virginia: A Critique of the Secondary Literature and Survey of Primary Sources\" by Joe W. Trotter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGalley proof of the children's book, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eLuJay, No-Name, and the Parrot \u003c/emph\u003eby Ancella R Bickley, illustrated by S. Ross Browne. Handwritten list of names.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e…to be black in fayette\u003c/emph\u003e written and compiled by Ancella R. Bickley for The Centennial Committee of the Second Baptist Church of Fayetteville, West Virginia and The Fayette County Black Caucus.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes full plays, skits, and historical interpreter scripts depicting characters such as: Ester from the Bible; West Virginia men and women such as Molly Gabe from Braxton County; Deborah Lacks Pullum, daughter of Henrietta Lacks; and many more. Includes manuscripts for a collaboration with Maureen Crocket in writing \"Tangled Threads: a Three Act Play\" and other plays. For \"Two Saint Say,\" a play performed at the Central Florida Community College, materials include an audition announcement, program, newspaper clipping, and correspondence. Also included is a newspaper clipping and details about Bickley's winning the Florida Senior Playwright Festival contest with \"Wade in the Water.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewspaper article about the play \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTwo Saint Say\u003c/emph\u003e and its performance.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Historical Information Re: Milly, Enslaved Black Woman on Whom the Character, OAGE, in \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eToussaint Say\u003c/emph\u003e Is Based\" Handwritten research notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript for \"Wade in the Water: a Play in One Act\" by Ancella R. Bickley. Correspondence regarding performance.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscripts and notes for \"Mother Love: a Three Act Play\" by Ancella Bickley and Maureen Crockett. Annotated text.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram for performance of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTwo Saint Say\u003c/emph\u003e at the Central Florida Community College, February-March, [2008] Print of online article from the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eOcala Star Banner\u003c/emph\u003e added by processor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTwo Saint Say\u003c/emph\u003e and AB typed comments\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated \"In the Name of Woman.\" Facsimile of pages from 1909 court docket book, County of Allegheny (PA) and court case upon which the play is based.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with Maureen 'Bunny' Crockett and Bobbi (bjslake@comcast.net) regarding changes to the play \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTangled Threads\u003c/emph\u003e. Typed pages with annotations regarding black history. \"Mother Love: a Three Act Play\" by Ancella Bickley and Maureen Crockett.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewspaper clipping for \"Villager's Work Winds Playwright Contest.\"\" Congratulatory email for selection of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eWade in the Water\u003c/emph\u003e for the Florida Senior Playwright Festival. Email commenting on inspiration for various plays. Lyrics for the spiritual \"Wade in the Water.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScripts for historical interpreters for Deborah Lacks Pullum, Henrietta Lacks' daughter; and Henrietta Lacks. \"It Ain't Her: a One Act Play.\" Script for historical interpreter for Ona \"Oney\" Judge; Robert Smalls, 1839-1915; Callie House; and Percy Julian. Research notes on Dr. James Marion Sims and other projects. Program for WVU Honors College Symposium \"With a Torch in Their Souls: African Americans in the Civil War\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScript for historical interpreter for Charles Hamilton Houston presented for the African-American Club, 2011; Gabriel; and Henrietta Lacks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch notes. Text of play \"And Further She Sayeth Naught.\" Text of play \"Heritage: an Historical Drama in Three Acts\" by Ancella Bickley and Maureen Crockett.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTwo Saint Say: A Play in Two Acts\u003c/emph\u003e. Auditions announcement. Correspondence regarding the production. Proposal to produce the play from the director Bobbi Jordan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence regarding Megan Forrest, actress. Double sided card featuring photos of Ms. Forrest and a brief overview of future endeavors.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBrief plays regarding voting issues including: lack of attention to candidates and issues, campaign spending, voter assistance, pay for voting, etc. Unidentified group photograph. Handwritten dialog.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTwo Saint Say: a Play in Two Acts \u003c/emph\u003e[performed at] Central Florida Community College, Ocala, Florida, February 29-March 1, 2008.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubmission form for \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eWade in the Wate\u003c/emph\u003er for the Florida Senior Playwright Festival. Manuscript for Wade in the Water. Email update for Festival.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript for \"The Crossing,\" a play. Photocopied page regarding Mollie Gabe and her time in Braxton County.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTyped manuscript for a play \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTangled Threads\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"On This Rock,\" a play; one annotated. Handwritten notes on \"A Last Right\" and \"A Good Christian Woman.\" Recommended edits to Bickley's writing? Short stories, \"The User\" and \"Feelin' the Heat\" by Charles Lloyd.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTraditions: A Journal of West Virginia Folk Culture and Educational Awareness\u003c/emph\u003e, 1996, which includes Bickley's \"The Baby Catcher\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpiral bound \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTwo Saint Say: a Play in Two Acts\u003c/emph\u003e by Ancella Bickley\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch and performance notes for \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTangled Threads: A Three Act Play\u003c/emph\u003e by Ancella R. Bickley and Maureen Crockett. Lists of guests who read parts, 2014. Comments from readers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTangled Threads\u003c/emph\u003e, 2008.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTangled Threads\u003c/emph\u003e labeled \"Work Copy\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTangled Threads\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated \"I-John,\" a play.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTable of contents for Skit of Ester, 2010. Web page re: Esther. Typed page re: Haman, Mordecai, and Esther. Chapter summaries. Typed paper about Queen Vashti. Two typewritten pages from larger document. Letter to Jerome re: return of skit manuscript. Letter to Jerome re: transmittal of skit text and masks for players. Handwritten, not AB's handwriting, notes. Three \"masks,\" made from paper fans, and for 6 characters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes manuscripts and edited manuscripts for many stories and a collection of short stories, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTurn Left at the Desert\u003c/emph\u003e . Bickley's stories are mostly historical character studies and include themes such as faith and community. One highlight is a critical review of Bickley's short story \"Martha,\" a part of the anthology \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAppalachian Love Stories\u003c/emph\u003e .\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscripts: \"Gabe,\" \"Turn Left at the Desert: Verbal 'Snapshots' from a Black Community\" contents, \"Jones,\" \"The Church on the Corner,\" and \"Sister Angelica.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated story manuscripts. \"'Jones': Manuscript Submitted for Workshop, Women Writers Conference\" and reviewed by Faith [Holsart?]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated manuscript for the story \"On This Rock;\" the play \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTangled Threads\u003c/emph\u003e; and the story \"It Ain't Her\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence regarding writing critiques. Text of \"Mr. Adams,\" \"The Church on the Corner,\" \"Gabe,\" \"Angie's Uncle Robert,\" three versions of \"Mr. Abe Jackson,\" \"The Battle of the Bottle,\" \"DoeDoe,\" \"Addie,\" \"Lesey, Who Was Black, But Comely,\" \"The Lavender Hat,\" and \"A Day in the Park.\" AB commentary on stories.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReview of \"Martha.\" Text of \"Martha.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscripts and notes for \"It Ain't Her,\" \"Belli: 'Momma Raised Me Up Special',\" The Battle of the Bottle,\" \"Bertha,\" \"Friends,\" and \"Martha.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript for stories for Turn Left at the Desert\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript for stories for Turn Left at the Desert: \"It Ain't Her,\" \"Hush Now, Child\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExcerpt from a review of AB's story, [\"Martha\"], in \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAppalachian Love Stories\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShort stories for \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTurn Left at the Desert.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated manuscript for \"Bertha,\" a short story.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAppalachian Love Stories\u003c/emph\u003e compiled and edited by James M. Gifford, Edwina Pendarvis; includes \"Martha\" by Ancella Bickley.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParts of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTurn Left at the Desert: Verbal \"Snapshots\" from a Black Community.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten beginning of a story\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten pieces of writing\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTypewritten contents for \"Turn Left at the Desert: Verbal 'Snapshots' from a Black Community\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTyped manuscripts for various short stories.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBickley was a prolific speaker; speeches cover a wide range of topics including faith, WV black history, black history and pride, West Virginia State College, education, black literature, and more. The majority of the speeches are typewritten.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram for \"Mending an Era: a Slave Ship Speaks: the Wreck of the Henrietta Marie.\" Typed text, pages 6-7, of a speech (?) about slaves, Anderson Radford, Cassie Thomas Carter, and MTG's mother.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eText of 2 speeches about Alice Walker's novel \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Color Purple: \u003c/emph\u003e\"The Uses of Literature: 1984 \u0026amp; The Color Purple, Panel Discussion at the Tenth Anniversary Program of the Virginia Foundation for the Humanities,\" September, 1984; and one at Richard Bland Community College, October 7, 1985. Research notes on \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Color Purple\u003c/emph\u003e. Research notes on Alice Walker's short stories \"1955\" and \"In Love and Trouble\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, schedule, lecture series program with AB's lecture on the Underground Railroad. Typed notes from Guyandotte presentation 11/9/91, and the Guyandotte Civil War Days. Program for Guyandotte Civil War Days, October 12-November 4, 1992 with listing of AB lecture \"Local Black Settlement.\" List of sources by Alan Gould, Marshall University. Invitation to present at the 1993 Civil War Days.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eT\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003ehe West Virginia and Regional History Collection Newsletter\u003c/emph\u003e, Summer 1989, which includes a speech by AB at an education in WV forum.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated text of a speech by both AB and NB about their time at WVU. WVU program \"A Celebration: Integration of Sports on the WVU Campus\" Correspondence with Dana Brooks regarding participation\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArticle regarding speech about \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Color Purple\u003c/emph\u003e at the West Virginia Alliance for Women's Studies meeting. Text of paper \"Black Education in WV\" read at WVU 6/20/89 for West Virginia Day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eText of speech about black history in West Virginia and after-dinner remarks regarding social history. Email, travel itinerary, newspaper clipping, and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePaper about the slave ship Amistad.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eText of speech re: the Underground Railroad. Newspaper article re: decree of freedom from slavery 150 years after.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten speech to Mo So Lit Club in McDowell County regarding the history of education of blacks, April 1983. WVSC Fall Convocation program, September 8, 1983; two texts of AB's welcome.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten poem \"Scamp\" [by Paul Laurence Dunbar]. Two handwritten speeches to the WVSC student government regarding importance of citizenship and service, and the history of WVSC. Invitation to speak to the Student Government Association, April 16, 1982. Newspaper article about black newspapers. Program for the Student Government Association Annual Inauguration Dinner, April 13, 1980. Speech for the Honors Convocation, 1985. \"Remarks prepared for State Senator Marie Redd for Blk History Month-2/4/99\" regarding black history and WV black history.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence regarding invitation to speak at the West Virginia State Baptist Convention. WVSC new student orientation schedule with remarks scheduled for AB. Text of speech, 1984 and 1985, including a brief history of WVSC and Institute.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFirst page of WVSC Honors Convocation Speech\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram for \"Building Leadership for Educational Excellence: NEA Mid-Atlantic Regional Leadership Conference, November 1-3, 1985 - Greenbrier Hotel, White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia.\" Annotated text of speech \"A Response to the New Right's Agenda for Public Education.\" Other speeches regarding education\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated text, some handwritten, of speech to the Mo So Lit Club, McDowell County, WV. Program for The Matrons and Maids Social and Literary Club (Ma-So-Lit), 50th Anniversary, April 17, 1983. Program and text of introduction of Ethel O. Davie for the WVSC Graduate Dinner, 1984.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram and text of speech for \"Rewriting History\" panel at the \"Premonitions and Perspectives from 1984: Has the Orwellian World Arrived?\" Wisconsin Intellectual Freedom 6th Annual Conference in Milwaukee, March 1-3, 1984. Program, including full text of AB's speech for a panel on \"Perspectives on Censorship: A Discussion\" at the Twenty-First Annual NEA Conference on Human and Civil Rights in Education, February 25-27, 1983. Correspondence regarding invitations to speak at these conferences.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA speech about \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Color Purple\u003c/emph\u003e possibly delivered at a Virginia Humanities Conference.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eText of speech for WVSC Convocation and an outline of speech to women students.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeeches about Carter G. Woodson, WV black history, her life and experiences, and MLK Day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeeches about WV black history, historical research, community service, her life and experiences, importance of black organizations, her faith, black women, race, and black education. Programs from presentations at churches. Letter confirming appointment to the Danforth Associate Program.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeeches about black education; being a role model; leadership; church missionary work; Martin Luther King, Jr.; taking control; the college experience; community service; honoring Alan Gould; Our Mount Vernons; and black history. Corresponence re: speaking at churches.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeeches about Black History Month; civil rights; Kwanzaa; women's rights; Martin Luther King, Jr.; the Underground Railroad; MTG; The Color Purple; black culture; Alice Walker; Carter G. Woodson; and WV black history.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSlides for WV black history speech. Research materials on WV black institutions. First two pages of speech. Handwritten text on various institutions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Go with God: Remembering All of Us…,\" Commencement address at MU, 1990. Photograph of unidentified black men singing in church. The program for the 1975 NCTE Spring Institutes: \"Teaching Minority Literatures at All Levels.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eText of speech, one annotated, about \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Color Purple\u003c/emph\u003e for the Virginia Foundation for the Humanities; handwritten notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eText of two speeches about black culture with notes for accompanying slides. Note from Charles Davis. Langston Hughes poem with Alex Haley autograph. [No slides in file.]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBooklet presented to AB after she made a speech for the Army Corps of Engineers in Huntington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with NEA re: participation in panel \"Perspectives on Censorship: A Discussion.\" Handwritten speech on censoring literature by blacks and women in the context of the Kanawha County textbook controversy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBackground materials, correspondence, and text of speech \"Multiculturalism in West Virginia\" at the Governor's Honors Academy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewspaper clipping about AB Commencement address at Marshall University, 1990. \"And Further She Sayeth Naught: a Play in Three Acts\" by Maureen \"Bunny\" Crocket and Ancella Bickley. [Speech] re: education in WV.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eText of speech about Martha Toler Spencer. Outline for [speech] about black women. Handwritten text of speech in Virginia, Longwood College, about black women. Notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Go with God: Remember All of Us\" AB's commencement address at MU, 1994.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTyped text of speech for the National Education Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEdited paper about the mission of West Virginia State College and changes for the future.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope 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Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection documents the research, public service, and life of Ancella Bickley, writer, educator, speaker, and historian. Includes writings, research materials, and more, focusing on the history of African Americans in West Virginia and the black experience in West Virginia. Collected research materials are predominantly facsimiles.  Printed formats include correspondence, clippings, interview transcripts, typescript writings, publications, pamphlets, ephemera, speeches, articles, military records, and more.  Other formats include photographs, slides, and audiocassettes. ","Subjects include Dr. Bickley's writings, which include plays, speeches, and short stories as well as her historical books, articles and other publications; collected materials from Dr. Bickley's historical research on the history of African Americans in West Virginia; and personal papers. Her research materials include papers grouped sometimes by county, sometimes by individual, sometimes by subject. Subjects of her research include slavery, education, churches, biography and genealogy, literature, and more.  Specific subjects include the Underground Railroad, James McHenry Jones, genealogy, Carter G. Woodson, Mollie Gabe, West Virginia Colored Institute/West Virginia State College, John W. Davis, black high schools, school integration, and more. Counties and their cities with specific focus include Cabell, Kanawha, and Jefferson.  Some documents treating slavery and the Underground Railroad include Ohio from which Cabell County blacks, including Bickley's ancestors, migrated.","Colleagues with whom she corresponded include Judith Stitzel, Nelson Barnett, Maureen Crockett (with whom she co-wrote at least one play), and many more. Of significance is correspondence between Carter G. Woodson and his sister, Bessie Woodson Yancey; and letters and a signed photo from Alex Haley.  ","Writings, research background, and drafts of Dr. Bickley's works found within the collection include:  Memphis Tennessee Garrison: The Remarkable Story of a Black Appalachian Woman , \"Midwifery in West Virginia\" (1990),  Honoring our Past: Proceedings of the First Two Conferences on West Virginia's Black History ,  History of the West Virginia State Teachers' Association  (1979),  In Spite of Obstacles: a History of the West Virginia Schools for the Colored Deaf and Blind, 1926-1955 ,  Our Mount Vernons: historic register listings of sites significant to the Black history of West Virginia , a short story collection \"Turn Left at the Desert,\"  ... to be black in Fayette , and plays:  Two Saint Say ,  Mother Love ,  Tangled Threads  (with Maureen Crockett),  Wade in the Water , and seven  Goldenseal  articles. \nGrant applications and other documents pertaining to her work with the Humanities Council of West Virginia are included in the collection. Other documents describe her work with the Kanawha County Board of Education, EcoTheater, Berea College's Black Mountain Youth Leadership program, and various professional organizations.   \nPersonal papers include material about her husband Nelson R. Bickley and his military career, diplomas, transcripts, photographs of a party she held, and more. ","Addendum of 2017/02/09 (boxes 11 and 12) includes papers of Dr. Ancella R. Bickley, with a few papers of her daughter Ancella Livers. Formats include interview transcripts, correspondence, clippings, typescript writings, publications, cassettes, and more. Most of these materials are transcripts of oral histories pertaining to a collaborative project undertaken by Dr. Bickley and Dr. Rita Wicks-Nelson about black teachers and their memories of school integration in West Virginia in affiliation with the Center for the Study of Ethnicity and Gender in Appalachia at Marshall University.","Abbreviations used in the Contents List: \nAB - Ancella Bickley \nWVSC - West Virginia State College \nNB - Nelson Bickley \nMTG - Memphis Tennessee Garrison \nJMJ - J. McHenry Jones \nNEA - National Education Association \nNCTE - National Council of Teachers of English \nMo So Lit Club - Matrons and Maids Social and Literary Club, McDowell County, WV \nUGRR - Underground Railroad \nMU - Marshall University \nWVU - West Virginia University \nCGW - Carter G. Woodson \nRW-N  - Rita Wicks-Nelson","Includes civic and academic awards and honors, as well as academic milestones such as graduation and Bickley's dissertation. This series includes materials on the celebration of Bickley's retirement from West Virginia State College.","Correspondence from Marshall University regarding AB's commencement address and honorary doctorate; notes of congratulations. Guest list. Photographs of AB delivering address and with others including Soupy Sales. Letter to editor regarding racism of highlighting photograph of Soupy Sales wiping a tear during AB's speech; newspaper clippings. Commencement program. AB's speech.","Honorary Doctorate","Army Commendation Medal (Second Oak Leaf Cluster). AB's Delta Sigma Rho-Tau Kappa Alpha, Hampton Institute, initiation certificate, May 1976","Attendance, reading, scholarships, and other certificates from elementary through college","AB transcript, 1951, from MU. Transcript, WVSC.","Program for the Fourteenth Annual NEA Human and Civil Rights Awards, 1980, when AB won The Carter G. Woodson Memorial Award. Correspondence regarding the award including 2 letters from John W. Davis.","Photograph of WVSC President Thomas Cole and Ancella Bickley at her retirement; labeled \"West Virginia State College, Commencement, May 17, 1986.\"","Master of Arts degree confirmation from Marshall University","Doctor of Education degree confirmation from West Virginia University","Certificate of Appreciation from the Kiwanis Club of Huntington","Note from WVU professor Armand [Singer] regarding missing retirement celebration","Newspaper clipping re: CGW. Photographs of AB and others after a speaking engagement in Fayette County. Service Award certificate from WVSC.","Letter from Maureen Crocket to the Director of the Appalachian Festival re: Tangled Threads. Letter of recommendation from AB for Dr. Elaine Ginsberg. \"Remarks Made upon the Presentation of the 1988 Humanities Award to Ancella Radford Bickley\" by Judith Stitzel. Letter of recommendation for Dr. Bernard L. Allen for the WVU Claude Worthington Benedum Distinguished Scholar Award. Congratulatory letter for appointment [at WVSC]. Request for letter of recommendation from Marc E. Washington at MU; confirmation of receipt of letter. Request for recommendation for Elaine Ginsberg, Trinity University; verification of receipt of letter. Letter of congratulations on retirement from George Parkinson; letter of regrets from Lawrence H. Talley, West Liberty.","Materials re: WV NAACP Harpers Ferry NHP, 1994, including photographs and text of speech. Congratulatory letter for receiving the Distinguished West Virginian Award, 1986. Thank you for copy of Honoring Our Past, 1992. Many other letters and notes re: service and speeches. Request to speak at the New Employment for Women Information \u0026 Referral Center in Logan about black history. Letter from Gaston Caperton, Governor, re: appointment to the Archives and History Commission, 1991. Thank you letter for contribution to Chandler Third Base, 1992. Certificate of recognition for Outstanding Service in Support of 1993 Douglass High School Reunion. Thank you for participating in the United Way Youth Advisory Council's Youth Forum, 1993. Thank you letter re: speech at naturalized citizens ceremony from John T. Copenhaver, 1992. Certificate of appreciation and other materials including a photo re: \"Read to Me\" Day, 1999. Newspaper article re: writing about the West Virginia Schools for the Colored Deaf and Blind and cards of congratulations. Kanawha County Schools Certificate of Recognition and Appreciation, 1991.","Letter of acknowledgement to deliver commencement address and receive an honorary doctorate at MU, 1990. Newspaper clipping and tribute to Minnie Wayne Cooper, 1989. Thank you letter to Matthew Kinsolving, Kanawha County Board of Education, for plaque, 1989. Typed text of \"Remarks Made upon the Presentation of the 1988 Humanities Award to Ancella Radford Bickley.\" Newspaper clipping and congratulatory letter re: WVSC Alumna of the Year, 1988. Letter withdrawing candidacy for the Kanawha County Board of Education, 1988. Thank you letter for receiving the Humanities Foundation Award, 1988; letter of congratulations from A. James Manchin; and Dee Caperton, House of Representatives. Letter of congratulations from Herman G. Canady, Jr., for appointment to Board of Education, 1988. Program for NAACP, Charleston Branch, Annual Freedom Fund Banquet, 1988, with AB as guest speaker. The Trumpet, West Liberty State College student newspaper, with article about AB's lecture on teaching black literature, November 28, 1973. Program, newspaper clipping, flyer, and certificate of recognition for the National Council of Jewish Women, West Virginia Section, Founder's Day, 1991. Correspondence re: speaking invitations, 1991-2001. Letters of thank you for service: The Huntington Club of Negro Business and Professional Women's Clubs, Inc., 2001; Charleston Mayor, G. Kemp Melton, for Charleston Urban Renewal Authority, 1999; Conference program for \"New Approaches to the Humanities and Lifelong Learning,\" 1988, where AB received award. Newspaper clippings for awards and accomplishments. 1987-1988. Newspaper clipping \"Educator Grim on Blacks' Future\" 1985. Thank you letter from Dee Caperton, House of Delegates, for draft of book about Elizabeth Simpson Drewry, 1987. Congratulatory notes, 1988-2002. Resume, ca. 1988. Text of speech for [receiving WVSC Alumna of the Year award, 1988]","Newspaper clippings, 1994-2002. Congratulatory and thank you letters, 1984-1995. Program for Staff Recall, Federal Prison Camp, Alderson, WV, with AB as guest speaker. Program for Induction Ceremony [sic], Phi Sigma Alpha, WVSC, 1995, when AB gave speech on the UGRR. Program for Carter G. Woodson Memorial Foundation Third Annual Memorial Fundraiser Banquet, 1995, AB speaker. Program for MLK birthday event at the WV School of Osteopathic Medicine where AB spoke, 1994. Resume. Photo of the Berlin Wall, May 1963.","Newspaper clippings, 1984-2002. Congratulatory and thank you letters and certificates, 1975-2002. Program for the Fourteenth Annual NEA Human and Civil Rights Awards dinner, 1980, when AB received The Carter G. Woodson Memorial Award. Program for Academy Cultural Awareness Committee Black History Month Program, 2002, where AB presented about MTG. Invitation to reception for Oliver W. Hill Freedom Fighter Award of the Virginia State Conference NAACP, 1999, and invitation to recognition event at the U.S. Capitol. Program for St. Anthony Church and School Community Education Awards where AB received the Gregory Loebach Award, 2002. Text of speech and program for West Virginia's African-American Women of Distinction book introduction by the West Virginia Women's Commission, 2002. Program for The Education Alliance Graduates of Distinction, AB recipient, 2002; text of speech; newspaper clipping; correspondence.","Newspaper clippings, ca. 1972-2002. Congratulatory and thank you letters, certificates and other recognitions, 1975 -2002. Letter of receipt for items given to the West Virginia State College/West Virginia Black Heritage Collection, 1987. Personal note, 3/26/80, discussing various contributions to education. Photograph of AB. Program for The National Association of Negro Business and Professional Women's Clubs banquet and candlelight rededication services, 1988, where AB was the guest speaker. Program for Berkeley County Diversity Committee \"Town Meeting\" with AB conducting interactive workshops at schools, 2002. Program and sketch of AB for [her retirement] 1986. Program for PCC lecture series \"The West Virginia Experience,\" [ca. 1985]. State of WV Teaching Certificate, 1960-1965. Letter of acceptance by NB for offer of teaching positions at WVSC for both NB and AB, 1972. Letter offering employment at WVSC as Associate Professor of English, 1972. Letter to NB offering WVSC position of Director of Guidance and Placement, 1972. Letters of thanks for AB for retirement and awards, 1986. Notification of nomination for President of WVSC, 1987. Correspondence Re: NCTE Orwell conference, 1984. Notification that tapes of censorship series of programs will be housed at the New York Public Library, 1984. Program for the Danforth Associate Program, 1975, for which AB and NB were program chairs. Program for The Women's Study Club Annual Open House, 1984, when AB was named Woman of the Year. Program for \"African Americans in the Appalachian Coalfields\" at the National Mine Health \u0026 Safety Academy when AB gave a lecture, 2000.","Newspaper clippings, 1989-2000. Congratulatory and thank you letters, invitations to speak, certificates of recognition, 1985-2000. Photograph of Douglass High School Y Teens, ca. 1946, including AB. Newspaper articles re: AB as WVSC's May Queen, 1948. Issue of MU's Greenline: a Publication for Alumni and Friends of Marshall University, May-July 1990, in which AB is recognized as commencement speaker; press release; letters of congratulations. Photograph of AB and others after presentation in Morgantown, 1990. Program for WVSC National Alumni Association William L. Lonesome Alumni Awards Dinner-Dance Honoring Dr. Ancella R. Bickley, Class of 1950, 1988 Alumnus of the Year. Dunbar Rotary Club Newsletter with AB as speaker, 1988. Materials from the Second Annual Conference on West Virginia's Black History, 1989. Letter to the editor of the Charleston Gazette re: black athlete, 1988.","Retirement from WVSC, 1986, materials. Correspondence re: ceremony; letters of congratulations; newspaper clippings; photographs; program; WVSC commencement program with AB as retirement honoree.","AB's doctoral dissertation A Study of the Effects of Teaching a Unit on Black Culture to Classes of Predominantly White High School Students, 1974.","Newspaper clippings for Education Alliance Graduates of Distinction, 2002. Materials pertaining to \"From Our Front Porch: Stories about Charleston's Oldest Neighborhood, The East End\": newspaper insert; outline for Appalachian Studies Association presentation; program for play at Roosevelt Wilson High School; the play. \"Testimony of Ancella Radford Bickley, Independent Scholar from West Virginia, on behalf of The State Humanities Program Regarding FY 1989 Appropriations to the National Endowment for the Humanities before the Appropriations Subcommittee on the Interior of the Senate,\" 1988. Congratulatory letters re: selection to the Kanawha Board of Education. Newspaper clippings. Congratulations re: speech's and performance of play in Florida. Commencement program for WVSC, 1950. Text of AB honors. Newspaper clippings re: her writings. Letter of acknowledgement for participation in reading of the names of lynchings victims program, Virginia State University, 2001. News release re: production of Harvest of Dreams by the Charleston Stage Company, 2000. Correspondence re: appointment to the WVU Board of Advisors, 1989. Certificate of appreciation from the City of Beckley for contributions to black history in WV. Thank you note re: women writers, 1994. Thank you letter from James Tolbert re: participation in Black History Month program at Harper's Ferry. Overview of AB accomplishments [introduction?]. Letter acknowledging participation in Kanawha County Public Library Black History Month events, 1993; abstract of talk; resume. Thank you letter for presentation at a Affirmative Action Committee Meeting, 1994; program; brochure listing black employees. Letter acknowledging intent to speak at the WV School of Osteopathic Medicine re: unsung heroes of the Civil Rights Movement and for MLK Day, 1993. Handwritten note of appreciation for a speech. Handwritten note re: missing speech for Black History Month, with attached newspaper clipping, 1994. 1949 Yellow Jacket article with picture of AB as newspaper staff. Clipping re: AB as keynote speaker for MLK Day celebration, 1991. Letter acknowledging a reading at the College Language Association, 1993. Letter acknowledging agreement to moderate a panel on sexual harassment; flyer for the program. Congratulatory letter for receiving the MU Graduate School Distinguished Alumnus, 1993. Program for \"First Annual Forum and Family Recognition Conference\" from the West Virginia Black Family Coalition, 1992, for which Bickley was a moderator. Correspondence and program for Distinguished Graduate Student Award from MU, 1993. Newspaper clipping about the WVSC presidential inaugural ball including description of AB and NB attire, 1974. Letter from Mary Pearl Compton, WV Delegate, re: Union's Historic District. Handwritten card praising AB as a \"liquid god\" able to move among roles, 1995. Resumes.","Senate Resolution honoring AB and Lynda Ann Ewen, 2002. Certificate of recognition as a West Virginia Hero, 2002. Newspaper clippings, 1990-2002. Correspondence re: lecture at Alderson Broaddus College, 1991. Certificate of recognition from the WV National Organization of Women and two 1991 conference programs. Program for \"African-Americans in the Appalachian Coalfields,\" 2000. Letter acknowledging selection at WVSC Alumnus of the Year, 1988. The Humanities Foundation of West Virginia Award Dinner Program, 1988. Issue of People \u0026 Mountains: a Publication of the West Virginia Humanities Council, Summer 2001, with MTG interview excerpt edited by AB and Lynda Ann Ewen. Congratulatory note re: publication of Memphis Tennessee Garrison; lecture on MTG announcement, 2000. Letter from the Indiana Humanities Council re: placement on \"Always a River\" registry, 1991. Letter from Gov. Gaston Caperton recognizing appointment to the Martin Luther King, Jr. State Holiday Commission, 1989. Acknowledgement letters as a speaker, 1990-1999. Acknowledgement of receipt of Our Mount Vernons from a professor at the University of Texas at El Paso, 1997. \"Book Notes\" section of West Virginia History re: Our Mount Vernons, 1997. Letter of re: reappointment to the WV Archives and History Commission, 1997. Letter re: WV Public Radio's Cultural Diversity Radio Project, 1998. Letter re: Mistress of Ceremony for a poetry contest at WVSC, 1995. Letter acknowledging support of the WV Humanities Council programming, 1995.","Special Commendation from the U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Park Service, for Significant Contributions to the Underground Railroad Study, 1995.","\"West Virginia: a Film History\" recognition as the Historical Advisor for the film project.","State of West Virginia Distinguished West Virginian award, 1986.","Senate Resolution honoring AB and Lynda Ann Ewen, 2002.","Includes newspaper clippings and writings by Ancella Bickley Livers (also called Cill Jr. or Cill). Also includes material by or about Nelson Bickley, Ancella Bickley's husband and prominent Charleston, West Virginia, lawyer. Formats include articles, awards and honors, military records, speeches, research notes, publications, correspondence, newspaper clippings, and more. Subjects include Nelson Bickley's military and teaching careers, his uncle Carter G. Woodson, and more.","Correspondence with James Harlow, WVU President, regarding tenure at WVU, 1969 and 1972. Army records for Nelson Bickley. Various Army regulations, blank forms, and information flyers. Correspondence and forms from the Veterans Administration. Medical records, 1956-1966","Charleston Gazette/Gazette-Mail newspaper clippings about AB and NB, 1999-2003","Text of NB's speech \"CMA's Link to the Late Carter G. Woodson, the 'Father of Negro History'\" at the Chicago Military Academy, program, and certificate of appreciation.","Text of speech given by NB at East Bank High School to Junior ROTC, regarding the benefits of military service.","Military and scholarship commendations, program from WVSC Commencement, 1948.","Military records for Nelson Bickley including his assignment as an Army ROTC instructor at WVU and difficulty of finding Negro housing. Admission to WVU College of Human Resources and Education.","Folder within 16a containing Army medical records for Nelson Bickley, 1957-1966.","Akron Beacon Journal,  December 7, 1982, with article by Ancella Livers which includes brief biography.","\" Brown V. Board of Education  in West Virginia\" by Nelson R. Bickley in the  West Virginia Law Review , Spring 2005.","Text of speech given by NB at the WVU Law School","Correspondence with Congressman Harley Staggers, James G. Harlow, President of WVU, and others regarding Nelson Bickley's retirement. Other military records.","Invitations to the ROTC Cadet Corps Annual Military Ball and the ROTC Awards Day and Hall of Fame Induction Ceremony, 1982. Program for the ROTC Awards Day Ceremony, May 1, 1981. WVSC student newspaper  The Yellow Jacket  with an article about the inductees to the ROTC Hall of Fame including NB. Typed text of NB's acceptance speech about his time in the military. Newspaper with an interview with NB and Belva Clark about Carter G. Woodson, 1987. Program and text of NB speech, with AB edits, at WVSC for Veterans Day, 1992. Newspaper article regarding NB induction into the WVSC ROTC Hall of Fame.","Signed letter from Alex Haley to Colonel and Mrs. Nelson Bickley, March 1, 1973, re: the Bickleys' hospitality after a lecture.","Clippings regarding the Bickleys from  The Villages Daily Sun  (FL) and  The Sunday News-Registe r (Wheeling, WV)","Pamphlet \"The Black Student at WVU,\" 1969/70, 1971/72, which include pictures of AB. Program for Lincoln-Douglas Banquet sponsored by Morning Star Baptist Church, February 12, 1977; includes AB as the speaker. Newspaper articles by and about Ancella Bickley, as well as Nelson. Congratulatory letter regarding AB promotion to Vice President for Administration at WVSC, July 9, 1975. Dunbar High School's publication, Kennel, Feb. 23, 1973 and May, 1974.","Letter regarding AB in WVU classroom. Newspaper article about Ancella, daughter of Ancella and Nelson. Dunbar High School's student newspaper, Kennel, Nov. 1972.","Bachelor of Arts degree confirmation from West Virginia State College","Nelson Bickley's Master of Arts degree confirmation from West Virginia University","Nellie Francisco's Bachelor of Arts in Education degree confirmation from West Virginia State College, 1938","Letter from CGW to Bessie Woodson Yancey, CGW's sister, re: funding Joan's education. Text of the poem \"The Forgotten Boys.\" Invitation to the dedication of the Carter G. Wooson School, New Orleans.","Research materials re: Belva Clark, Carter G. Woodson's niece and Nelson Bickley's mother; note of condolence; funeral program; handwritten [by Mrs. Clark?] obituary and instructions","Articles about NB. Membership certificate to Sigma Pi Phi Fraternity.","Teaching certificate for Nellie Radford Francisco, Bluefield Colored Institute, 1928.","Special Order lists. Legal case notes? Selective Service Act of 1948 memo.","Includes genealogical research material, notes, and charts in print as well as handwritten for these families, mostly from the Huntington, West Virginia area and across the Ohio River: Twyman, Spurlock, Barnett, Payne, Jones, Woodson, Wilson, Johnson, Summers, Smoot, Peters, Radford, Layne/Lane, Jones, Straham, Cabell, and Parker. Additional genealogical information is included in oral history interviews with individuals (see Interviews and Oral History Interviews series); the Others' Works series; the Biography subseries of Research Notes and Collected Materials; and other locations throughout the collections.","Documents pertaining to the Twyman Family. Facsimile of pages from  The Promised Land  by J. Earl Pratt [1964]. Facsimile of newspaper legal notices from T he Ironton Register , Oct. 27 and Dec. 15, 1870.","Letter from Willard H. Radford and Kim Radford regarding a reunion for the Radford-Bickley families.","Correspondence between the Bickleys and Nelson L. Barnett, Jr. regarding Allensworth (CA) State Historical Park, the Spurlock family, the Barnett-Payne-Jones family. Rededication pamphlet, October 10, 1992","Barnett family genealogy compiled by Nelson Barnett, Jr.","Various documents pertaining to Carter G. Woodson and the Barnett family connection. \"A Black History of Huntington\" by Edna Duckworth. Barnett family documents.","Family line charts, photographs, newspapers, family history for the Nelson Barnett line. Program for the First Baptist Church, Huntington, September 25, 1988. Photographs buildings designed by Carl Barnett, architect.","Transcription of Barnett family obituaries.","James and Mary Wilson family genealogy. Facsimiles of portraits. Memorial service programs. Photographs of Mary Wilson Johnson and James Johnson. Photo of family group identified later in file and on facsimile. Obituary for William O. Johnson. Family group photo. Photos of Ida and William Johnson.","Handwritten Cabell Family tree and notes on the Cabell Family in Institute. Transcription of letter from J. S. Cunningham to Governor A.I. Boreman. Facsimile of newspaper ad for sale of slave.","Handwritten notes regarding Summers Family and slaves.","Facsimile of book section and term paper about the Smoot Family written by Marcella L. Pauley Short for WVSC class.","Booklet of genealogy forms.  African-American Genealogy: A Research Guide  compiled by Phyllis Preston Jarrett and Helen Chambers Winston.","Typewritten history of the Smoot Family, Boone County.","Personnel record for Willard Radford. Letter, 1949, certifying marriage of Willard Radford to Lilian Angus in Cuba, 1923.","Handwritten marriage records for Radfords.","Handwritten notes from a phone conversation regarding the Straham-Parker families.","Typed \"Conversation with Nellie Redford Francisco--about 1985.\" Handwritten \"Discussion w/Henry Radford, 1/14/93.\" Radford Family genealogy. Peters Family genealogy. Newspaper articles regarding Negro education in Huntington and Kimball, 1904-1923. Cemetery lot receipts to Willard Radford. Program for Sterberger Elementary School 1999 Graduation Ceremony; Akil Livers listed as student. Funeral service program for Lily Van Sykes Kelly, 1994. Transcribed obituaries for Joseph T. Payne, 1948, and Minnie Bell Powell, 1936.","Research notes on how to do black genealogy.  Black Studies: a Select Catalog of National Archives Microfilm Publications .","The Layne Family Tree and Its Branches . Handwritten tree with Twyman connection.","\"Plat Map, Mt. Pisgah Cemetery, Proctorville, Ohio\" with notes. Request for donation to the Cemetery, 2013.","Handwritten CGW family tree.","Radford family genealogy. Release of note on deed, Radford family, 1952.","This series includes two subseries, General and Black Teachers.","Includes more formal oral history interviews as well as \"discussions\" and other less structured interviews not intended for any historical publication. Formats include handwritten notes, typed notes, and transcripts of interviews as well as background in the form of correspondence and typed and handwritten corrections.","Transcript of interview with Johnnie James. Newspaper article \"THE Man…Johnny James Now Shares Life With God\"","Background research re: changes to social history and oral history.","Notes from discussion with Grover DuBose, Korean War veteran, Sept. 10, 2000.","Transcripts of interviews with black citizens of Huntington, WV; Institute, WV; Guyandotte, WV; and Black Fork, OH. Including Johnnie James, Ms. Bessie Herbert McClain, Chester A. Burris, Henry Pierce, Mildred Loar Williams, Cash Keels, James Thompson, Mrs. Araminta Miller Justice, and James Johnson.","Spiral bound notebook containing notes from oral history interviews with black soldiers, 1945-46. References to color-coded folders. Notes on soldiers' letters, 1943-45. List of themes in interviews. Follow up on specific soldiers, 2005, titled \"Negative behavior of Blk soldiers.\" Diagram of Army organization.","Research notes labeled \"Army Wives Material: Discussion with Carl \u0026 Nancy Johnson Re: Military Experiences; Carl was a Tuskegee Airman. His wife, Nancy, is white\" 2014. Annotated paper \"The WV State Capitol\" with research notes. Emails re: Kimball Wall Memorial Project, 2011. Research notes. Letter to Beverly from AB re: various researchers in the Villages, FL, 2014. Typed notes from interview with Harriet Williams, Lewisburg, WV.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Mildred Lore Williams, 1990, re: family history and Cabell County History. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Bessie Herbert McClain, 1990, re: living in Huntington. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Suzette Spencer, 1990, re: family and life in Huntington. Mrs. Spencer was a descendant of 37 slaves freed in the south and sent to Ohio. Transcript of oral history interview with Mr. Cash Keels, 1990, re: family history and life in Black Fork, Ohio.","Audiocassettes labeled: \"Joseph C. Peters re: Black High School Athletics - 11/2/95;\" \"Gregory Peters / Reminiscences, 9/22/95, \u0026 Ed Scott #3;\" \"MC (Ref) Edward Greer, 5/10/06;\" and \"Ed Scott / Reminiscences /Korea, 10/20/95\"","Bickley and Rita Wicks-Nelson, as Rockefeller Scholars-in-Residence at Marshall University's Center for the Study of Ethnicity and Gender in Appalachia, interviewed and recorded interviews with older black women teachers from across the state. This subseries contains transcripts of the interviews, corrected transcripts, correspondence with the subjects, and sometimes background information about them.","Typed manuscript for \"Black Education in West Virginia,\" a joint project between Ancella Bickley and Rita Wicks-Nelson. Notes regarding Mrs. T. McDaniel interview; text of interview. Correspondence regarding book on black female teachers. Research notes. Text of speech about black WV schools. List of narrators. Facsimiles of newspaper clippings \"from Mrs. Rayford's Collection\" regarding desegregation of schools, 1955-1956. Newspaper clipping of AB interview regarding MTG.","Handwritten notes of [interview with] Marian Hatcher, WVU English Dept. teacher.","Print out of web page re: Dr. Ancella Bickley and Dr. Rita Wicks-Nelson, 1999 Rockefeller Scholars-in-Residence. Project name: \"Life Experiences of Older, Black, West Virginian Women [Teachers]\"","Demographics of teachers' project. Map showing location of teachers. Narrative overview of the project. Paper \"Mosaic [sic] in Black and White: Black Teachers Remember School Integration in West Virginia\" [by] Ancella Bickley and Rita Wicks-Nelson; paper presented at the Center for the Study of Ethnicity and Gender in Appalachia, MU, 2000. Annotated paper. Draft of paper \"Changing Lives and Potential Leadership: A Study of West Virginian Women Returning to College\" [by] Rita Wicks-Nelson, Lynda Ann Ewen, ca. 1997.","Correspondence between AB and RW-N and others re: book based on teachers' oral history interviews. Paper \"Black Education in West Virginia.\" Text of paper [by AB] \"Read @ WV Sociological Assoc. Annual Mtng. WVSC - Oct. 24, 1997.\" Letter from NB, 2005, asking for addenda to  West Virginia Law Review  paper about  Brown v. Board of Education.  Research notes. \" Fullen  corrected pp, AB,\" 2001. Letter requesting interview with Pearl Swann Carter, 2000.","Release form from Suzanne Slaughter, 1998","Correspondence, edits, research notes with RW-N. Book reviews from The Appalachian journal, 2005. List of women interviewed. Background and summaries for interviewees.","Research materials re: education in WV;  Brown v Board of Education.  Possible participants; call for participants; correspondence with participants Writing retreat brochure and correspondence. Project update to the Center for the Study of Ethnicity and Gender in Appalachia at MU. Draft of summary of results. Summary data forms and interview guide. Schedule of interviews. Letter from parent to teacher, Anna McCright. Flyer announcing talk by AB and RW-N. Luncheon flyer from the Fayette County Black Caucus.","Life stories, some annotated or edited, for Vivian Williams Fleming, Eliza Jane Campbell Dillard, Anna McCright, and Mary Montgomery.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Louise Anderson. Newspaper clipping of obituary.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Velma Bradshaw. Handwritten notes on folder.","Oral History Review  article, 2001, re: school segregation. Email with list of changes to the transcript. Transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Pearl Swann Carter, 2001.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Florence Casey, 1997","Transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Ottrus Chatman, 1999. Typed and handwritten notes on the interview.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Verona Clarke, 1997.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. E. Jane Dillard, 1999.","Handwritten notes on the interview. Correspondence with Mrs. Elston. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Mary M. Elston, 1997.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Eunice Fleming, 1999.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Vivian Williams Fleming, 1997. Handwritten notes.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Norma Jean Fullen, 1997.","Handwritten notes. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Susie Guyton, 1997.","Handwritten notes. Transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Willie Hise, 1999.","Typed and handwritten notes. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Floristine Holland, 1998.","Handwritten notes. Transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. B'Alma Jones, 1999.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Miss Anna McCright, 1999.","Corrected transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Thelma McDaniel, 1999.","Letter to Mrs. McDaniel. Typed notes and pages from the interview. Letter from Norman L. Jones re: Thelma McDaniel and the Price and White families, 2001.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Edris Miller, 1998.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Mary Montgomery, 1997. Overview for Mrs. Montgomery. Letter to her. Pages of the interview with corrections. List of names and addresses for interviewees.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Ms. Doris Payne, 1999.","Overview for Ruby Brown Reeler. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Ruby Reeler, 1997. Handwritten transcript of a quote from the interview. Handwritten notes on the folder.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Nancie Smith Robinson, 1999.","Transcripts pages of interview with FH [Floristine Holland?] Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Suzanne Slaughter, 1998.","Obituary for Mary Crozier Snow, 2011. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Mary Snow, 1997. Letter to Mrs. Snow with corrections, 2001.","Transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Fannie Ashe Thomas, 1999.","Handwritten notes. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Velma Twyman, 1997. Letter to Mrs. Twyman re: corrections, 2001.","Includes books, manuscripts, facsimile pages, and other publications not written by Bickley, who was sometimes asked to provide feedback on writing. Forms of writing include family histories, poems, short stories, plays, novels, and both scholarly and popular articles. Other writers include: Sharon M. Draper, Charles Lloyd, Hannah N. Geffert, Peri Lynne Johnson, L. O'B. Thomson, Nelson L. Barnett, J. McHenry Jones, Judith Stitzel, Elizabeth Taylor Brown, and Phyllis Moore.","A Memorial to the Scott, Carter, Mumford Families and the Journey from the Hills of North Carolina to the Beautiful Ohio Shore in the Year 1844  by Edith Dove Bryant, original and one facsimile. Article \"Midwifery in West Virginia\" 1990.","My Dearest Husband: the Letters of Amacetta Laidley Summers to George W. Summers, 1842-1843  by Patricia Clark Bulla. Handwritten genealogy chart for James M. Laidley","Poem \"Old Lady Sady and the Chicken Wings\" c1992 Sharon M. Draper","My Dearest Husband: the Letters of Amacetta Laidley Summers to George W. Summers, 1842-1843  by Patricia Clark Bulla. Laidley-Summers-Quarrier family line","Manuscript for  Aesculapius, Ebony  by Nelson L. Barnett, M.D.","\"…Tryin' to Get Home…\": A Journal,  a compendium of biographies, family histories, community histories, etc. by the John Henry Memorial Committee.","\"The Search for Larry Doby\" by Bob Stitzel in  Sports Collectors Digest , December 1, 1989. Letter from Judith Stitzel critiquing short stories \"The Woman in the Lavender Hat,\" \"Hush Now Child,\" \"Sweets,\" and \"Jones.\" Manuscripts of Stitzel's stories \"My New York Yankees,\" \"Cover-Up,\" \"Hearing Aids,\" \"Unbecoming a Jew.\" Letter from Stitzel regarding order of stories.","Manuscript for book about West Virginia State College.","Correspondence with Phyllis Moore re: WV writers. Annotated stories \"It Ain't Her!,\" \"The Crossing,\" and \"On This Rock,\" short stories by AB. Photo of AB and unidentified woman. \"'Talking about home…': Yes, We Have Authors\" by Phyllis Wilson Moore.","Project overview for Greenbrier Valley African-American life. J. McHenry Jones' novel  Hearts of Gold  with highlighted passages and annotations. Background research materials.","Facsimile of  The Jones Family  by John L. Jones.","Correspondence with Hannah N. Geffert re: Black History Conference and her annotated story \"The Guns of October.\"","\"History of Lakin Hospital: Pulling for the Stars\" by Elizabeth Taylor Brown. Reviewers' comments.","The Plays of Ann Kathryn Flagg  published by Amistad, Inc., Ancella Bickley, Director.","\"Black High Schools in West Virginia\" prepared by R. Charles Byers.","Writings of Peri Lynne Johnson, AB's niece, some with annotations.","Review of \"The History of Lakin State Hospital\" by Elizabeth Brown; manuscript.","Drafts and final papers written by L. O'B. Thompson who taught at WVSC.","Aesculapius, Ebony  by Nelson L. Barnett. Brief biography of Carl Eugene Barnett. Facsimile of photograph of \"Reverend Nelson Barnett, Circa 1900.\"","Paper and letter of transmittal for \"The Peters Sisters: An Historical Omission\" by Norman Jordan. Research notes on the sisters: Ethel and Ada Peters.","Typewritten notes about various novels, movies, and other works. Discussion questions for some.","Inscribed play \"Day to Day: a Drama in One Act\" by Maryat Lee. Article \"'…To Will One Thing: a New Look at Theater\" [by] Maryat Lee, from  Drama Review , 1983. Materials re: EcoTheater including scholarly articles.","Includes black and white historical photographs, slides, and contemporary color photographs. Additional photographs can be found throughout the collection. Most photos are black and white facsimiles of original historical photos of people and places significant to Bickley's research and publications. Subjects include educational institution buildings and students; other institution buildings; the Radford family; Bickley and Bickley with others. The contemporary color photos include ones of the memorial statues on the West Virginia Capitol grounds; Potomac State College campus; Bickley and others; and the social event A Red Hat Party celebrating women.","Photos: graduating class at Bluefield State College; Barnett School Orchestra, Huntington, with Nellie Francisco; school children at Lincoln School, Wheeling, 1912; unidentified football team; buildings at Bluefield State College and West Virginia State College.","Photos, invitation to, and follow up for a birthday celebration for AB, and a Red Hat Party to celebrate older women. Poem about AB.","Photographs of building details; street scenes; two black women [Alberta Coleman]; NB; campus, Potomac State College, buildings including Academy Hall and Duke Anthony Whitmore/Henry Louis Gates, Jr. Academic Achievement Wall.","Photos of statues on the WV State Capitol grounds: prints, proof sheet with numbered descriptions, and a CD. Annotated text to accompany photos and titled \"Statuary on the Grounds of the West Virginia State Capitol.\" Brief history of the Capitol and the state of West Virginia.","\"Honoring Our Past: 1994 Calendar\" produced by the Alliance for the Collection, Preservation and Dissemination of West Virginia's Black History. Calendar includes photos of school bands, Bluefield NAACP chapter, Hopewell barber shop in Martinsburg, and schools.","Copies of group photographs of children and a \"Special Citation Award to Mrs. Harry Gordon\"","Photo of unidentified family, 1901; restored photo and invoice for work, 2005.","Negatives and photos from AB's Red Hat Party","Variety of copies of historical photographs, most not identified, 1912-1918. Note stapled to folder removed, 10/17/1990.","1991 (3), 1993, 1994 calendar \"Honoring Our Past\" from the Alliance for the Collection, Preservation and Dissemination of West Virginia's Black History. 1971 Black History Calendar [by] Raymond W. Lowry.","Facsimiles of photographs of students at WVSC including AB in Delta Sigma Theta Sorority.","Photographs of AB and others at a presentation on CGW at Marshall University, President's Home. February 24, 1988.","Facsimile of undated photo [ca. 1942] of John W. Davis, Charles Rutherford, Austin W. Curtis, L.A. Toney, et al. On back: \"Received from Debby Jackson,  Goldenseal , 4/7/1997. Picture taken during construction of Washington-Carver Camp.\"","Photo of AB with author Alice Walker at the University of Charleston, [1999]. Photo of AB with Ken Sullivan, Executive Director of the WV Humanities Council, 2002.","Includes examples of Bickley's contribution to a number of public service projects both in a professional capacity and as a citizen. Includes these formats:  \nplanning documents,  \ncorrespondence,  \nmeeting notes, and  \nagendas for these organizations:  \n-Amistad, Inc., a publishing company she formed;  \n-West Virginia Humanities Foundation;  \n-Black Mountain Youth Leadership Program, Berea College;  \n-The EcoTheater in Lewisburg, for which she served as board member;  \n-National Council of Teachers of English, for which she was National Director;  \n-West Virginia Archives and History Commission, of which she was a member; and  \n-Marshall University colloquium on black history.","Most notable are the grant applications, programs, and correspondence from her work with the West Virginia Humanities Foundation. Bickley was President of the Board of Directors and wrote a ten-year history of the organization, 1974-1984. The files include background materials for a number of projects for which she or others received grants. For her work with the Kanawha County Board of Education, her files include research materials about minority student achievement, and documents about the Kanawha County Schools Minority Student Achievement Task Force and Maximizing Achievement of African-American Children in Kanawha County (MAAACK). Documenting her work with an organizing committee to clean up the Bethel Cemetery in Huntington, her files include calls for participants, flyers, lists of members, and more. One civic activity with no apparent formal organization includes a meeting with Governor Rockefeller to advocate for affirmative action in West Virginia government. More on Bickley's professional and community activities can be found in the Awards, Honors Series.","\"Notes from Meeting between WV SAC and Governor Rockefeller--June 13\" The SAC [Statistical Analysis Center] asked the governor to authorize another study concerning minority employment in West Virginia with the goal of supporting affirmative action and the employment of more minorities.","Humanities Scholar Resource Forms by Virginia Edwards (2/86), Judith G Stitzel, and Elayne Rapping for the project, \"Reel Visions: A Conference on Women and Film.\" \"Seminar for Professionals Scholar's Statement\" by AB.  The Midwest Quarterl y article \"The Humanities in Public Conversation.\" Publication: \"The Humanities Foundation of West Virginia, 1974-1984, A Decade of Discovery\" which lists awards; AB was President of the Board of Directors.","Brochure for the 15th Year of the EcoTheater founded by Maryat Lee, 1975-1990. Letter of support fro grant to the EcoTheater, February 10, 1990. Business correspondence with members of the Board of Directors.","Notes, membership lists, and correspondence from meetings of the Bethel Memorial Park Interest Group. Various research notes regarding black WV doctors and other topics.","Invitation to Ronald Reagan's inauguration","Correspondence from Cecil H. Underwood and Earl Ray Tomblin regarding appointment to the WV Archives and History Commission, July 11, 2000-September 22, 2000.","Papers and notes from 1975 National Council of Teachers of English (NCTE) conferences when AB was National Director. List of attendees. Black history newspaper clippings. NCTE Spring Institutes programs: April 4-8 in Buffalo, New York; and April 25-29 in Santa Barbara, California. Paper by NB \"Mini-Psychological Theory about Black Americans\"","Invitation to Jimmy Carter's inauguration, January 20, 1977.","Certificate of incorporation and other legal documents for Amistad, Inc. Humanities Foundation grant application. Correspondence, agendas for Board meetings, and notes from meetings.","Correspondence with William (Bill) Turner regarding a black history colloquium at Marshall and editing a special issue the  Appalachian Journal. Sojourner: Voice of the Eastern Kentucky Social Clubs , 1989.","Program for MU symposium \"Moving Toward Freedom: Slavery and Resistance.\" WV Humanities Foundation grant materials for \"Fact to Freedom: The Story of Slavery in West Virginia.\" Cost details for recreating a slave auction block. Photograph of 10th and Market in Wheeling, 1895.","Correspondence with Brucella and Norman Jordan re: the African American Heritage Family Tree Museum. Also a Humanities Council Grant, brochures, newspaper clippings, press releases. B. Jordan's curriculum vitia and job description with an appliation.","Materials supporting the proposal for WVSC's The Canty House being placed on the National Register of Historic Places.","Materials for collaboration of Kanawha County Schools Minority Student Achievement Task Force and Achieving Excellence in Learning (AEL). Maximizing Achievement of African-American Children in Kanawha County (MAACK) materials. Data on Kanawha County students.","Readings on teaching minority students, Ebonics. Maximizing Achievement of African-American Children in Kanawha County (MAACK) materials.","Notes and correspondence pertaining to the evaluation of the Black Mountain Youth Leadership Program at Berea College.","Letter from the Governor of Montana. Itineraries. Correspondence re: trip.","Matted print of D. Richardson's drawing of the WV Colored Children's Home.","This series includes eleven subseries which highlight Bickley's research on black history in West Virginia and to a smaller extent black history in general. The subseries include her work on black history for many West Virginia counties with her research being more extensive for Cabell, Jefferson, and Kanawha Counties which have their own subseries. The subseries for Research Notes and Collected Papers are: General, Biography; Cabell County, WV; Jefferson County, WV; Kanawha County, WV; Other WV Counties; Churches, Education; General; Organizations; Slavery; and the Underground Railroad.","Bickley researched a wide range of black history and black culture topics; for example, Aunt Jemima and the statue of a black boy as yard ornament, in addition to persons and events. The research provided background for her writings and was often incorporated into her works of fiction as well as historical accounts. Her papers include research notes and supporting sources on a wide range of topics with reference to black history and West Virginia black history.","Handwritten inventory of boxes with Post-it-Note \"Found AFTER boxing - This drawer-files are out of order so I don't know if it will be helpful. (Plus, my sister has horrible handwriting.\"","Post card from Mabel Hunter with Storer College Brackett Hall dorm room circled (1946). Photo of statue of Carter G. Woodson. 1850 mortality statistics for western section of Virginia.  Bulletin of the West Virginia State Teachers' Association , 1940. Program for the Mountain State Bar Association, Inc. Annual Awards Banquet, June 18, 1988. Partial transcript of \"Interview with Doris Miller, Huntington, WV\" regarding house purported to be on the underground railroad. Marriage records, 1869, Trinity Church, Parkersburg. \"Reading the Names\" program at Virginia Sate University of those lynched, 1868-1935; AB read the WV names, ca. 2011. Handwritten research notes. Notes on census slave records. Proposed black history highway markers, 2001. Newspaper clipping about Huntington Tuskegee Airmen, 2009. Email from Brucella Jordan requesting a recommendation; paragraph regarding the founding of the African American Heritage Family Tree Museum, 2010. Email from David Trobridge invitation to speak at Marshall University, 2011. Facsimile of pages from the Bureau of Negro Welfare and Statistics regarding the Episcopal Church in West Virginia. Roster of Negroes serving in state and local government, ca. 1968. \"The West Virginia Medical Society [Black].\" \"Slavery in Western Virginia\" (notes for an exhibit?)","Correspondence and research notes regarding the black history of Gallipolis, Ohio. Love story by Harry Dolphis Scott, Bidwell, Ohio. Typed lists from Carter G. Woodson's Free Negro Head of Families (1830), Town of Gallipolis.","Newspaper clippings from the Herald-Dispatch, 1981. Brochure: \"Graduates of Distinction: Michael Perry, Ancella Bickley\" from the Education Alliance, 2002","Various articles regarding blues music. Multiple facsimiles of \"Bessie Smith, 1898-1937, A Short Blues Anthology,\" 1971; one with annotations.","Various articles including the legend of Jocko, subject of a lawn ornament, and a 1971 black history calendar by Raymond W. Lowry which highlights achievements.","2 nd Annual John Henry Festival, Clifftop, West Virginia: Herbs and Traditional Medicine [by] Roscoe Leonard.","Typewritten paper about spirituals","Journal, newspaper, and magazine articles about black history, Carter G. Woodson, Nelson Bickley, and the methyl isocyanate leak in Institute, 1984.","Prospective Sites Relating to Black History in Canada  by William N. T. Wylie, June 1994.","Research materials regarding the holiday, Juneteenth, which celebrates the Emancipation Proclamation. Text of two speeches.","\"The Black Literary Tradition of West Virginia: A Bio-Critical Survey\" [by] Leonard J. Deutsch","The booklet (2 copies) \"History of African-American Miners in Appalachian Coal Fields: Black History Month, February, 2000\" Funeral program for Ulysses Grant Carter, teacher at Kimball High School.  A Saga of Service: A History of the Mining Extension Service of West Virginia State College, 1937-1957  by Cecile M. McCormick and U.G. Carter.","Facsimiles of pages from reports from the WV Bureau of Negro Welfare and Statistics.","Correspondence and attached materials from Sara J. Sow re: blacks in Gallia County, Ohio. \"Why We Celebrate Our Culture and Church\" about churches in Lawrence County, Ohio.","Correspondence with and writings of James Fisher, Berkeley County.","Background research notes and materials about Cuba.  National Geographic  article \"Evolution in the Revolution: CUBA.\" Poems by or translated by Nelson A. Ossorio.","Correspondence with Joan C. Browning re: content for the Henrietta Marie exhibit; white women in the civil rights movement. Biography. Resume. Newspaper clippings; article \"Invisible Revolutionaries: White Women in Civil Rights Historiography.\" Program and other materials for the WVU panel for the Rush Holt History Conference. Commentary from John Raines re: J. Browning and David Mussat's contributions to the RDH Conference; annotated JB paper \"Religion Gave Me Power to Witness\" and David Mussat's paper \"Sticks and Stone: an Interpretation of Power and Religion in the Movement.\"","Research materials on many aspects of WV Black history including newspaper clippings, scholarly articles, meeting programs, and the text of an Odd Fellows speech.","\"Negro Coal Miners in West Virginia, 1875-1925\" from the  Midwest Journal , 1954. Reprint of \"Negro Migration to the Mining Fields of West Virginia\" from the  Proceedings, West Virginia Academy of Sciences , 1936.","Handwritten research notes. Research materials re: WV history. Typed notes on WV black history. 1955 newspaper article re: integration of schools.","Correspondence regarding black WV historical markers. Resignation as a Commissioner for the WV Division of Culture and History. Program for Roosevelt Junior High School Award Assembly, June 2, 2000; Bickley is on the program for the East End History Essay.","Programs for West Virginia Conference on Black History at the First Baptist Church in Charleston, April 22-23, 1988, and the Eighth Annual Conference on West Virginia's Black History at Marshall University, November 10-11, 1995","Web page print out of article about Silas Green in minstrel show.","\"Fifth U.S. Colored Infantry\" by John F. Walter, rev. 1998. Includes information on Ohio and WV blacks.","\"Negro Participants in the Fields of the Theatre and Music Plus Associated Enterprises: Period: 1920-1960\" by Dr. Douglass T. Murray. Booklet for The National [Negro] Opera [Company].","Paper titled \" School Desegregation Since  Brown  (1954): 30-Year Perspective\" by Franklin Parker, WVU Professor of Education, 1984. Two pages of annotated text of a speech about education of black West Virginians, [delivered at WVU].  Daily Athenaeum  article re: interview Nelson Bickley about discrimination in housing in Morgantown, 1971. Program for \"The West Virginia Experience in Higher Education: an Historical Perspective\" at WVU, 1984, when AB was on a panel. Facsimile of the pamphlet \"The Black Student at WVU\" 1971-72. Correspondence from the Ohio University Press re: manuscript review of the book  Memphis Tennessee Garrison  by William H. Turner, 1999. \"History of DuBois High School\" from a book. Map of slave plantations in Wood County, Va. Map of Underground Railroad routes to Canada, 1898.","Email correspondence primarily between AB and her daughter Ancella Livers re: access to WWII Soldiers' letters at the New York Public Library. Email from Della [Hardman?] re: Belle Powell and Ravella Hughes.","Includes biographical material for many people of interested to Bickley. Types of material include correspondence, handwritten notes, clippings and articles, photographs, various facsimiles, and more. Subjects of research notes and collected materials include: Carter G. Woodson, Dick Pointer, Henry Louis \"Skip\" Gates, Memphis Tennessee Garrison, John Henry, Ravella Hughes, John Wesley Harris, Maude Beatrice Bell Plowden, Della Brown Taylor, Bessie Yancey, Mollie Gabe (Mary Elizabeth Johnson), Elizabeth Simpson Drewry, J. McHenry Jones, Stonewall Jackson, Gwen McMillion Bingham, and William Cathay. Additional topics include: blacks in WV literature; black women; Tuskegee Airmen including John L. Whitehead, Jr. and William Lee Hill; and black WV legislators. Biographical information is also included in the Interviews and Oral History Interviews series.","Newspaper clippings. Partial notes [speech] J. McHenry Jones including John R. Clifford, Christopher Payne, and black legislators. Pages from a 1913 Congressional hearing on \"Conditions in the Paint Creek District, West Virginia\" with conditional pardon of Dan Chain highlighted. Memo, 1/18/03, from Alfonzo Dalton regarding interview with Ben Carson who was a Republican candidate for the US President in 2016.","Letter to researcher Sean Duff, November 19, 2012, and attached information regarding J. McHenry Jones and Wheeling. Letter to researcher L. Morris Jones, May 3, 1989. Newspaper clipping of article about  Hearts of Gold  which was written by J. McHenry Jones (JMJ). Various versions of \"James McHenry Jones: a Monologue\" by Ancella R. Bickley. Full and partial \"J. McHenry Jones, 1859-1909.\" Text of newspaper article about JMJ's opposition to the Evans Jim Crow Bill, February 14, 1907. Research notes including Jones family history. Facsimile of pages from  History of the Jones Family  by John L. Jones.","Research notes on Guion Bluford (?). Ed White, sculptor, biography. Facsimile of pages from the children's book  Black Stars in Orbit , [1995]","Correspondence between NB and The Association for the Study of Negro Life and History, Incorporated regarding preservation of the Carter G. Woodson house in Huntington. Correspondence between Carter G. Woodson and his sister, Bessie Woodson Yancey, regarding upkeep of the house.","Research materials on Dick Pointer, black Indian War hero, for an article for the  Journal of the Greenbrier Historical Society ; the article; handwritten notes; various versions of the article. Research notes. Facsimile of a painting by S. Ross Browne, 1993.","Correspondence with Henry Louis \"Skip\" Gates, Jr. Newspaper clipping: MU Commencement.","Correspondence with Adolphus Young regarding black West Virginia women, particularly MTG.","Washington Post  article \"In Quest of the Historical John Henry\" by Hank Burchard, August 24, 1969. Press release by Kyle McCormick, WV Dept. of Archives and History, 1957.  WV Hillbilly , June 23, 1979, \"A Salute to John Henry.\"","Handwritten notes about John Matheus, WVSC professor; his curriculum vitae, ca. 1953; reprint of an article from the  CLA Journal  by him, 1972.","Research notes about Revella Hughes","Research notes about William Hill for  Goldenseal  article about Tuskegee Airmen.","Research on John Brown including materials from the National Parks Service's John Brown Conference, 2000; an annotated Langston Hughes' poem \"October 16;\" and \"A Psychological Examination of John Brown.\"","Two newspaper clippings: one about Fannie Cobb Carter and one about Memphis Tennessee Garrison","Obituary and other information about Major General Charles \"Jackie\" Calvin Rogers. Documents regarding the naming of a United States Army Reserve Center for him. Text of NB's speech.","Goldenseal  article about John Wesley Harris. Facsimile of newspaper clipping about Maude Beatrice Bell Plowden.","Transcript of interview with AB by Ohio State University's WOSU about Della Brown Taylor [Hardman], a graduate of Garnet High School, artist, and teacher at WVSC.","Research notes. Transcript of conversation with Bruce Rogers regarding Aunt Jemima and Bruce Family history. Facsimiles of newspaper articles regarding Aunt Jemima.","Background research about the Sargent School of Physical Education; Sydney Taylor Brown who graduated from there and then WVSC; black women in the American Red Cross; and black women's service in WWII.  American Legacy , Winter 1999. Research notes.","Facsimile of pages from  History of the American Negro,  W.Va. Edition, vol. VII, [edited] by [A. D.] Caldwell.","Print outs of web pages regarding the Tuskegee Airmen. Photograph of monument in Walterboro, SC. Newspaper clippings.","Research materials pertaining to Carter G. Woodson including: journal and magazine articles; facsimile of book pages; newspaper clippings; and a masters degree thesis. Text of speeches and programs for speeches by both AB and NB. Invitation to a reception to honor Sen. and Mrs. John F. Kennedy in Huntington, April 20, 1960.","Poems, correspondence, and other writings by Bessie Yancey, Carter G. Woodson's sister. Photocopies of journal articles and WV Collegiate Institute publications. Special Carter G. Woodson issue of  Community,  published by Friendship House, Winter 1970. Issue of  The Journal of Negro History , July 1968.","Research materials on Mollie Gabe, also known as Mary Elizabeth Johnson, midwife from Falls Mill, Braxton County.","Research materials about John P. Parker, a former slave who was active in the UGRR in Ohio. Parker was also an inventor and a business man.","Research materials about Elizabeth Simpson Drewry, McDowell County representative to the WV House of Delegates.","Letters to Bessie W. Yancey, CGW's sister. Research materials. Poem \"The Forgotten Boys.\" Correspondence re: restoration of the CGW home. Carter G. Woodson Memorial Committee and Foundation materials. Text of speech by AB. CGW stamps. Dedication of statue of CGW. Correspondence re: Ann Eliza Riddle Woodson family property. CGW genealogy prepared by Nelson Barnett, Jr. Letter from CGW to Bessie Woodson Yancey. Text of paper \"Carter G. Woodson: the West Virginia Connection.\" Photographs of CGW and kin.","Correspondence from CGW to Bessie W. Yancey, re: house in Huntington, 1941. Book contract between Bessie W. Yancey for  Echoes in the Hills  and CGW's company, The Associated Publishers, 1939. Letter re: book to CGW from BWY, 1939. Letter from John W. Davis, President WVSC, to BWY, 1945, re: Nelson Bickley. Letter from BWY to Louis R. Mehlinger re: loss of two brothers, 1950. Envelope, no contents, from Joel A Rogers, 1951. Envelope, no contents, from The Associated Publishers, 1958. Photographic negative of BWY.","Research materials including newspaper clippings, correspondence, articles, and research notes on Carter G. Woodson; Bessie W. Yancey; Black History Month; restoration of the Woodson home; and the Woodson family. Annotated copy of the paper \"Carter G. Woodson: the West Virginia Connection.\" Facscimiles of Otis Woodson and CGW photos. Photo of Bessie Woodson Yancey and letter from BWY to CGW re: poetry. Edited entry for CGW from  The Encyclopedia of Black America . List of WV Collegiate Institutue, 1920/21 and 1921/22. Facsimile of correspondence between CGW and BWY re: house.","Research materials on J. McHenry Jones including facsimiles of obituaries; other newspaper clippings; and transcriptions of clippings. Photo of Hazlewood Assembly Hall. Notes [speech?] on JMJ. Timeline with sources. Paper about JMJ by AB. Jones family history.","Pages copied from book  The Hidden Years of Stonewall Jackson  purporting that he fathered a black child. From Merle Moore.","Research materials on Tuskegee Airmen including John L. Whitehead, Jr. and William Lee Hill.","Text of a speech? \"African Americans in the West Virginia Legislature.\" Letter from C.A. Blankenship to  The Negro History Bulletin  adding names of Negroes who served in the WV Legislature, 1964. \"West Virginia's Black Female Legislators\" ca. 1991. Facsimile of photo with caption: \"President Harry S. Truman being shown a copy of America's first Black pictorial magazine. [There is some question which came first  Color  or  Ebony]  Left to right: Sippi Coleman, Pres. Truman, W.VA. Congressman, Dr. I.J.K. Wells Editor and Publisher of Color,\" ca. 1948. Newspaper clipping of article re: female legislators, 1998.","Facsimile of photo of \"Gabriel, Pardoned by VA Governor Tim Kaine, June 26, 2007.\" Research notes. Paper \"Major General Gwen McMillion Bingham,\" ca. 2011 with newspaper clipping. Facsimile of unidentified photograph of woman in uniform. Paper \"'Who Was William Cathay?' adapted from a piece in the St. Louis Daily Times, January 2, 1876.\" Poem \"Cathay Williams,\" 1997. Facsimile of enlarged photo of face of unidentified soldier. Summary/timeline for Cathay Williams/William Cathay.","Draft of \"Elizabeth Simpson Drewry, 1894-1979\"","Covers a wide range of topics on the history of Cabell County; Huntington, WV; and adjacent Ohio counties. Notable are Nelson Barnett's transcriptions of late 19th century Huntington newspaper articles regarding blacks. Also included are newspaper clippings, monographs, photos, biographies, and interviews about veterans, church history, education, organizations, and more.","\"References and Briefs to Miscellaneous Newspaper Articles, [June 15, 1872-October 21, 1898, and June 4, 1922-May 20, 1928]\" compiled by Nelson Barnett, Jr., 1988, from Huntington newspapers.","\"Black Veterans of World War I from Cabell County, W.Va., 1918.\" \"Past Imperfect, 1902: Articles of Interest, [Nov. 13, 1901-Dec. 31, 1901]\" compiled by Nelson Barnett, Jr. from Huntington newspapers.","\"Past-Imperfect, 1901: Articles of Interest, [Jan. 7, 1901-May 28, 1901]\" compiled by Nelson Barnett, Jr. from Huntington newspapers","Resources about blacks in Huntington and Cabell County. Includes a bibliography of  Goldenseal  articles about blacks. Other resources are church histories, listings of names, facsimiles of book chapters and papers, newspaper clippings, interviews, handwritten research notes, and more.","\"Progress of the Huntington Negro\" by Prof. J. W. Scott","\"A Black History of Huntington\" by Edna Duckworth, 1976. Genealogy for Edna Duckworth. \"Biohistrogenetics Project Proposal\" to the Carter G. Woodson Memorial Foundation, 1996-1997; Duckworth is listed as the visionary.","Marriage records, late 19th century, Cabell County.","Correspondence with Clara Knight. Facsimiles of Greenbottom Church, Huntington, records listing black members. Records regarding John Ball freeing his slaves, 1793. Map of Millersport, OH, 1887.","Correspondence with Bill Lindsay re: blacks in Huntington and Pocahontas County","Two newspaper clippings: one about Nellie Fransisco [sic] and AB's research about blacks on the Ohio River.","\"A Black History of Huntington\" by Edna Duckworth, [1976]. Census data for black families in Lawrence County, Ohio; 1850, 1860.","Photos of black workers in C\u0026O shop including Anderson Radford, AB's grandfather. Correspondence; transcription of newspaper articles; research notes; biographical sketches; photos of Goodes; newspaper clippings; church histories and programs; facsimiles of book pages; transcription of interviews; and bibliography.","Research notes. Photos. Paper \"Black People and the Huntington Experience.\" Project, \"A Sojourn for Truth: Revisiting Black History Along the Ohio River,\" overview. Research materials re: Huntington, Cabell County, and parts of Ohio. Transcript of interview with Suzette Spencer. \"The West Virginia Colored Children's Home\" by Ancella R. Bickley. \"Poke Patch/Black Fork, Ohio\"","Research notes on Douglass School. Typewritten notes on Douglass School, 1891-1924. Notes from conversation with Nellie Francisco. Handwritten transcription of article, 1902.","Covers research about blacks in Charlestown and Harpers Ferry as well as other locations in Jefferson County. Materials include obituaries, school histories, correspondence, cemetery records, research notes, and more about school integration, Storer College, slave collars, Fisherman's Hall, and more.","Research materials regarding blacks in Charlestown. Obituary for former slave George Jenkins in Huntington, 1917.","Paper about St. Philip's parochial school by James A. Tolbert. Materials re: Sons of Confederate Veterans tablet in Harper's Ferry. Other research materials re: Jefferson County and Charlestown.","Photos of a slave collar. Correspondence re: acquiring the collar for the Henrietta slave ship exhibit.","Correspondence with James Tolbert re: black CCC camp, McDowell County; Black History Conference; Fisherman's Hall, Charlestown, restoration; Harewood Cemetery, Jefferson County; marker for Martin Delany, Charlestown.","Research materials re: Harpers Ferry, the National Park, and Storer College.","Typewritten text of speech at Shepherd College, 2004. Transcript \"Discussion of Integration of Schools in Jefferson County: Jim Tolbert.\"","Handwritten research notes mostly re: John Brown and Harpers Ferry, ca. 2000.","Covers research about blacks in the WV Capitol, Charleston, and other locations in Kanawha County. Topics covered include slavery in the salt industry, biographies, wine cellars, and buildings. Contents include correspondence, facsimiles of documents, research papers, obituaries, newspaper clippings and more.","Research materials about slavery in West Virginia with focus on Kanawha County and the salt industry","Research materials on black attorney Thomas Gillis Nutter.","Research materials on Charleston, WV including: \"Unpublished Black History in the Early Kanawha Valley\" by William D. Wintz; \"Blacks in Charleston, West Virginia: A Survey of Their Presence in the Community and Occupational and Residential Patterns in the Early 1900s\" by Mary Johnson, WVU student. Research materials regarding Oscar Wayman Holmes, the first African American naval aviator and obituaries for C.H. James, prominent black businessman. Text of speech, \"Black People in Charleston,\" 1994.","Research materials on the Dutch Hollow wine cellars in Dunbar.","Documents regarding Samuel W. Starks and the Starks House in Charleston. Correspondence regarding its being put on the National Register of Historic Places.","Correspondence with Eugene Washington re: Phillis Wheatley School and Albert G. Brown, architect.","Excludes Cabell, Jefferson, and Kanawha Counties which have separate subseries. Includes research materials about slavery, school integration, lynching, historic homes, and more researched by Bickley for these counties: Wayne, McDowell, Harrison, Greenbrier, Hardy, Fayette, Monongalia, Upshur, Wood, and Monroe; as well as the cities of Bluefield, Buckhannon, Keystone, Weirton, Weston, and Wheeling. Research materials include photographs, correspondence, brochures, newspaper clippings, book pages, articles, interviews, and more.","Various documents regarding blacks in Wayne County, WV; the Livisay family; writings by Tim R. Massey, 1981; the Lindsey family; photograph and negatives of a photograph of a black family.","Research materials on McDowell County, WV, with focus on the towns of Keystone and Keystone. Letters and notes from Adolphus A. Young, Jr.","Program for \"Freedom Is a Struggle: Glimpses of African-American Life in the Greenbrier Valley of [West] Virginia.\" Brochure \"Black Historic Sites in Lewisburg, West Virginia.\"","Newspaper clipping about Sarah Hall, black lawyer. Facsimiles of research materials. \"The History of the Negro in McDowell County and in West Virginia Leading Up to and Including the Integration of Schools\" by Dr. Douglass T. Murray. Typewritten notes from Adolphus Young, Jr. Correspondence with Alphonso Dalton, Jr. regarding MTG and black McDowell County families","Facsimile of 1952 newspaper article regarding slaves listed in 1848 Harrison County tax book. Slave owners are listed and includes Nathan Goff.","Paper, author unidentified, regarding lynching in WV. Research materials about slaves in Greenbrier County","Correspondence regarding letter from a slave asking to be purchased by Stump family [1851]. Facsimile of letter.","Research notes and resources regarding Glenwood, historic home in Charleston. Clarksburg newspaper article of reminiscences of a former slave, Ann Freeman and others. Clarksburg newspaper article regarding Union Veterans Association.","Research materials for Fayette County including contacts list, newspaper articles, maps, facsimiles of pages from books, student research paper, church histories, handwritten research notes, and grant applications. Correspondence with and Lucille Meadows and her handwritten reminiscences.","Newspaper articles, facsimiles of historical records. Partial manuscript for  To Be Black in Fayette  and annotated pages. \"Black Politics in Fayette County, West Virginia, 1896-1918\" by Daniel Wright. Text of speech by Daniel Wright. Brochure titled \"Camp Washington-Carver: a Compendium of the First African-American 4-H Camp.\"","Research materials and research notes:  Monongalia Blacks Speak : Women, Part II and Men, Part I, Holland family, schools. Interview with Grace Edwards Waters.","Research materials about Weirton.","Research materials about Upshur County. Facsimiles of articles written by R.H. Ralston, Sr. regarding Buckhannon's black history; newspaper clippings. \"A History of Blacks in Buckhannon: The Recollections of Harriet Warfield,\" an interview with Harriet Warfield, 1977.","Research materials regarding blacks in Wheeling. \"Wheeling's Black Population: A General Perspective\" written and presented by Darryl Clausell, Pat Dudley, with contributors Kathryn Snead and Dorothy Cooper, 1990. Correspondence with Margaret Brennan. Photo of AB, Pat Dudley, Brennan, and Annie Tanks at an Oral History Seminar in Wheeling.","Correspondence regarding Memphis Tennessee Garrison. Research materials on Gary and other McDowell County locales: newspaper clippings,  Goldenseal  article.","Papers by Wheeling Jesuit Students Joel Michael Coulson and Beau Conway.","Research resources regarding blacks in Fayette County, WV, including transcripts of oral history interviews with Lucille Meadows, Mrs. Turner, Charista Davis, Lula Lall Jones, Rosa Roach and Jessie Barrett; correspondence, church histories and programs. Includes Smoot family information.","Transcripts of interviews with Alease Watkins, David W. Turner, Russell Lee Matthews, and Elsie Choice Hopkins. Also, includes research notes, newspaper clippings, a grant application, facsimiles of book pages, and correspondence.","Photo of Lomax Hospital in Bluefield. Brochures for Afro-Appalachian Performance Company. Correspondence with Joseph Bundy re: history alive performances. Research materials about black Bluefield hospitals.","Correspondence with Ray Swick re: blacks in Wood County. Research notes. Correspondence with the Wood County Bicentennial Commission re: speech.","Court record for  Mullens v. County Court , 1932. Facsimile of WV entry from  100 Years of Lynchings  by Ralph Ginzburg. \"The Greenbrier County Lynching: a Study of West Virginian Justices\" by Ancella Bickley Livers. \"'Reading the Names,' Program at Virginia State University.\"","Research notes re: Parkersburg black history. Facsimile of letter and transcription of letter from ex-slave Isaac Fairfax to George Washington Henderson.","Letter from Charles (Charley) Goddard re: Greenbrier County history and Sharlotta Gardner contact information.","Copy of photo and negative of lynching. Photos of black children. Note from Maurice Allman, Hacker's Creek Pioneer Descendants. Transcripts of  Weston Democrat  articles re: 1892 lynching of Edgar Jones. Transcripts re: 1910 lynching. Research notes on these incidents. Application for the Weston Colored School to be placed on the National Register of Historical Places. Research notes re: Weston State Hospital. Correspondence re: dedication of the Central West Virginia Genealogical and Historical Library, formerly the Weston Colored School. Handwritten transcription of interview with Rahleen Gardner who attended the School. Transcript of conversation with Mrs. Joy Gilchrist, 1992.","Transcripts of interviews with Mr. Waldo Lacy and Mrs. Gladys Lacy. Facsimile of newspaper article of speech by T.J. Ferguson, 1870. Research materials on the Sumner School. History of Parkersburg from Bernie Allen. Facsimile of books pages, newspaper articles, and transcription of newspaper articles. Parkersburg Art Center brochure featuring Joseph Eldridge Dodd. Text for slide show (no slides). Typewritten outline of \"Parkersburg Study.\"","Facsimiles of newspaper articles. Correspondence with Ray Swick, Blennerhassett Island State Park. Research materials about blacks in Wood County. Research notes. \"A History of Sumner School\" written by Sally Browning, 1996.  The Island Packet  from the Friends of Blennerhassett Island.","Background research on blacks in Monroe County. Correspondence with Fawn Valentine and Presidents of the Monroe County Historical Society. \"Bishop Matthew W. Clair, Sr.: a Biography\" by Dr. Margaret B. Ballard, 1973.","Includes programs, bulletins, correspondence, research notes, and histories of black West Virginia churches in Fayetteville, Charleston, Charlestown, Fairmont, St. Albans, Parkersburg, Huntington, and Alderson. Also includes a history of churches and lodges in West Virginia as well as histories of the Odd Fellows, Knights of Pythias, and the Galilean Fisherman lodges. Denominations represented include African Methodist Episcopal, Episcopalian, and Baptist.","Correspondence with Lucile S. Meadows regarding help with the Second Baptist Church, Fayetteville, Centennial; racial tolerance in schools","\"125th Anniversary Journal\" First Baptist Church, February 1, 1868-February 28, 1993, Charleston, WV","Time line for black Episcopalians in WV. \"The First Hundred Years: a History of St. Philip's Episcopal Church, Charles Town.\" Research notes and sources. Humanities Foundation of WV grant application by Florita Montgomery to study the history of St. Phillips' Episcopal Church. Information on the Trinity Church in Parkersburg. Photograph including some black congregants.","1907 Weekly Bulletin of Diamond St. M.E. Church in Fairmont","Book titled  Miracle on B Street Continues  about St. Paul Baptist Church's (St. Albans) 131st anniversary.","Letter re: slide presentation at the Young Chapel African American Methodist Episcopal Church. Program for the 94th Church Anniversary. Handwritten time line and other notes. Booklet of photographs, text of Bickley's speech, newspaper clipping.","\"Black Churches and Lodges in West Virginia in Their Infancy, 1865-1900\" by J. Reuben Sheeler. \"History of Bright Hope Lodge #9, F.\u0026A.M. and - P.H.A. Montgomery WV.\" Facsimile of pages \"Introduction and Growth of the Grand United States Order of Odd Fellows in America.\" Notes \"Knights of Pythias of West Virginia History\" researched by James A. Tolbert. Notes about \"Grand United Order of the Galilean Fisherman\" compiled by Ann Wilson.","Email correspondence with Adrienne Belafonte re: a newspaper article about the Shiloh Baptist Church in Alderson. Clipping of the article.","Program for First Baptist Church 125th Anniversary, 1997. Program for installation of Rev. William F. Buchanan, First Baptist Church, 1988.","Includes newspaper clippings, text for presentations, correspondence, research notes, articles, commencement programs, interviews and more about state and national teachers' organizations, historically black WV colleges including West Virginia State College and West Virginia University, integration of schools, histories of specific schools, the Kanawha County textbook controversy, and more.","Newspaper articles: WV Education Association (WVEA) Executive Committee meeting, the National Education Association (NEA) and the need for minority teachers; and recommendations from the Black Caucus,  WV School Journal , December 15, 1973. Photograph of Blacks in auditorium seating, ca. 1950s","Multiple facsimiles of a post card picturing Albert Long, \"Bertie\" -- Aunt Onie's Son. West Virginia State College Commencement Programs: 1948, 1950, 1951","Information sheets and travel plans for trip to Egypt, July 5, 1987, sponsored by WVSC. Passport and Visa information written on folder.","Various versions of text for a multi-media program on the history of West Virginia State College (WVSC) and Institute, WV","Letter to Edmonia Grider from Marjorie [Counts] regarding the Hilltop School, October 7, 1974.","Manuscript discussing integration and black teachers in WV, author unknown. Speech (?) regarding school integration. Research notes. Annotated speech: \"Black Education in West Virginia\" delivered in Shepherdstown.","Research materials on the integration of WV schools: facsimiles of WV newspaper articles regarding integration of schools; \"How Black Students Saw Themselves through the Decades of Change at Bluefield State College (founded in 1895) as It Changed from Predominately Black Institution to a Predominantly White Institution\" by James Worsham","Program for the Alpha Delta Chapter, Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc. 19th annual Jabberwock, March 16th, 1949. Dance invitation, 1948. WVSC Commencement program, 1949. Washington Alumni Chapter banquet, 1976, to roast John W. Davis. Newspaper articles","Vocational and Educational Survey for the Kanawha County Negro Schools  by Andrew H. Calloway, 1945.","Correspondence, photos, newsletter, and newspaper clippings regarding the Douglass High School (Huntington) Reunion. Notes on class of 1947. Newspaper clipping regarding NB. Photo YWCA Y-Teens, Douglas High School, Christmas, 1946.","Research notes on schools in Keyser and Piedmont, WV, including a facsimile of book pages from  Howard School: a History, 1877-1955 regarding a black student strike for a better school in 1939. Notes on interview with Alberta Coleman, Piedmont, WV. Notes from interview with Opal Coates Carter, and other research notes, regarding Woolworth Fire, Charleston, WV, [ca. 1964s].","Compilation, by R. Charles Byers, of resources regarding WV black schools.","Annotated pages for \"Integration in West Virginia\"","Bulletin of West Virginia State College , Series 21, no. 1, June 1933. \"Why Choose West Virginia State College\"","Affirmative action statistics for Bluefield State College, 1984. \"Pride and Preservation: West Virginia State College\" seminars which included Alex Haley as a speaker, 1979. Newspaper article re: archives at West Virginia State College, 1979.  Southern Rural Women's Network Newsletter , June, 1983. Photograph of Alex Haley with inscription and signed letter from Alex Haley to NB, 1970.","Research notes and materials for research on education in Mason County, WV","Research materials regarding the Lincoln School in Wheeling, WV","West Virginia State College Bulletin , April 1941, Series 28, No. 2. Handwritten transcription of an article in  The Advocate , 1907.","Program for One Hundred Fifth Commencement, Huntington High School, 1971. Photo of AB, West Virginia State College Commencement, May 17, 1986.","Report of the Twenty-first Annual NEA Conference on Human and Civil Rights in Education , 1983, including paper by AB on the Kanawha County textbook controversy and censorship.","Facsimile of a brief historical sketch of Storer College, 1867-1891, by Kate J. Anthony, 1891.","Newspaper clippings and other sources relating to the West Virginia Seminary and College and the Hilltop Baptist Center.","\"Integration in Reverse at West Virginia State College\" by Elizabeth Duran and James A. Duran, Jr.","Correspondence, interviews, newspaper clippings, and facsimiles of photos re: WVSC's East Hall. Research notes.","WV Humanities Council grant application for a presentation on black education in Parkersburg. Research materials and notes. Handwritten and typed notes from interviews with Mrs. Dorsey, Mr. James Emondson, Mrs. Hattie Gazelle Turner, and Mrs. Elizabeth Mitchell. Particular focus on the Sumner School.","Photo slides of WVSC buildings, presidents, etc. Post cards of WVSC buildings and Institute. Note cards from a lecture. Research materials on all aspects of WVSC history.","Research materials on many aspects of WVSC history including faculty information. Includes these publications: \"ROTC in Review: 40 Years of Tradition;\" \"West Virginia State College Glee Club;\" Alumni Association, Los Angeles Chapter, Scholarship Luncheon program, 1989;","Program for Convocation and Dedication of the Harold Maceo McNeill Physical Facilities Plant, WVSC, 1999.","Letter from AB re: retirement of Justine Gutzmer; retirement announcement for Gerald Cote, Beatrice Dupass, Gutzmer, and Darthulia Jones. Facsimile of WWII death notice of Oliver Johnson to his parents and his obituary. Johnson was Gutzmer's brother.","Booklet of texts and order of ceremonies for the WVSC commencement program, 1985.","Includes background research on the Montgomery Woman's Improvement League, the West Virginia Federation of Colored Women's Clubs, Alpha Omicron Omega Chapter of the Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, the Mountain State Bar Association, and the West Virginia Medical Society. Research materials include a yearbook, programs, correspondence, a members list, and more.","Montgomery Woman's Improvement League Year Book , 1955-56 and 1960-61. Program for West Virginia State Federation of Colored Women's Clubs, Inc. Annual Convention, 1959. Newspaper photojournalism article regarding the College Alumni Club 50th anniversary history booklet. Program for the Annual Debutante Ball sponsored by Alpha Omicron Omega Chapter, Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, 1958. Correspondence with Katherine Atwater regarding resources.","Program for the Annual Meeting and Awards Banquet of the Mountain State Bar Association, 1985. List of members, 1986.","Paper titled \"The West Virginia Medical Society [Black]\" Article: \"Historically Black Medical Colleges: From Scorn to Success\" from  The Boule Journal , 2004.","This subseries includes maps, research papers, newspaper clippings, letters, census data, newspaper articles, facsimiles of historical slave documents, and more. Other materials regarding slavery can be found in county subseries and the Underground Railroad Subseries.","West Virginia map. \"Number of Slaves in Counties Which Became WV\" 1850, 1860. Typescript of  Historical Atlas of West Virginia  by Frank S. Riddel.","Handwritten notes on John Marshall; Marshall and slavery; Marshall and Robin Spurlock, his servant. Typed observations. Resource materials.","Facsimiles of legislation and resolutions to abolish slavery; and a list of representatives at the state convention in Wheeling.","Research materials. Typewritten manuscript[s] by James Oliver Horton. Codes for occupations. Copy of newspaper article.","Newspaper clipping and multiple facsimiles of an article about a slave breeding farm in Greenup, KY.","Research materials about slaves in Ohio Valley plantations and adjacent WV counties. Photocopies of photographs of Mary and plantation sites.","Facsimiles of: newpaper slave ads; Virginia law re: Kanawha Slave Insurance Company; Dunsmore's Proclamation freeing slaves; Va. Law to send slave to Liberia; slaves in Bunker Hill; New York Times article re: slave uprising; and drawing of [Harpers Ferry]. Harpers Ferry National Historical Park Afro-American materials. \"History of Gerrardstown\" in  The Berkeley Journal . Handwritten list of properties, including slave names, of Richard B. Washington, [1864]. Letter of transmittl and facsimile of bill of sale for slave, 18[4]5. Transcription of Rumsey-Polk letters re: slaves.","Handwritten research notes and research materials regarding reparations for slavery; text of NB speech; typewritten notes.","Annotated manuscript \"Compensatory Justice: Over Time and Between Groups\" by Renee A. Hill; text of introduction of a speech about reparations; newsapper clippings; web page print outs; articles.","West Virginia and Regional History Collection Newsletter  with articles re: slave letters.  West Virginia Then and Now  article re: John Brown's letter. Research re: images of blacks in journalism. Research notes.","Facsimile of tables of free Negro listings from 1830 census. \"Researching Virginia's Slave and Free Negro Records\"","Facsimile of newspaper article, 1934, re: Mount Pisgah Church, Proctorville, OH. \"The Way It Was…\" by Betty Burcham, a history of UGRR and Mount Pisgah Church. Facsimile of will of Eliza Goode freeing Sully Smith, her husband and her slave, 1848. Facsimile of two receipts for purchase of slaves, 1852. Research notes re: Ohio slaves and fugitives to WV.","This subseries includes text of a speech made by Bickley, books, slides, photographs, brochures, post cards, correspondence, maps, and more. The materials focus on parts of Ohio across the river from Huntington as well as West Virginia. Some topics are quilt codes, abolitionists, runaway slaves, location of Underground Railroad sites, and more.","Research materials about Serena Wilson and the book  Hidden in Plain View: The Secret Story of Quilts and the Underground Railroad.","Photos \"Trip to Doddridge County to visit Jaco Hill/cave - UGRR Site - w/Karen Nance, Sandra Moats, \u0026 Judy Wilinson, 6/20/01. Other research materials","Research materials on the Underground Railroad with focus on Ohio.","Brochures and post cards regarding the UGRR and the film \"Nightjohn.\" Correspondence with Margaret Brennan, organizer for the UGRR Summit in Wheeling. \"Reflections on the West Virginia UGRR Summit\" by Cathy D. Nelson; photo of AB speaking at the Summit and with Amanda Nelson and Sherry [Sowchuck].","Correspondence from Alicestyne Turley-Adams re: Underground Railroad Network Partnership.","Correspondence with Lucille Deberry and other research materials re: the UGRR, some in West Virginia.","Correspondence with Sandra Moats-Burke re: UGRR in WV counties.  Exploring a Common Past: Researching and Interpreting the Underground Railroad , 1998, 2nd ed. from the National Park Service. List of UGRR sites in WV.","Photograph slides, numbered and identified. Research materials mostly about Ohio. \"Draft Proposal to Establish a National Underground Commemorative, Interpretive, and Research Center, City of Huntington, West Virginia\" 1994. Itinerary for trip to Washington to meet with Interior Dept. officials and Robert C. Byrd's staff.","Book chapter \"In Gallia and Miegs Counties\" from  The Mysteries of Ohio's Underground Railroad  by Wilbur Henry Siebert, 1951. Facsimile of handwritten narrative by an abolitionist, [1892]. Facsimile of letter from R. C. Rankin re: father Rev. John Rankin, 1892. Research notes on WV runaway slaves. Facsimile of letter to Daniel ? to Cyrus Little re: UGRR, 1894. Map of UGRR, 1860. Requests for copies from the Siebert papers. More facsimiles of records.","Background materials on the Underground Railroad in Ohio.","Research materials including newspaper clippings and research notes on the Underground Railroad","Research materials re: the Underground Railroad. Research notes.","Facsimiles of documents pertaining to slaves in Jefferson County, VA. Itinerary for Underground Railroad tours [Ohio?].  The Escape of Jane: a True Story of the Underground Railroad  by Henry Burke \u0026 Dick Croy. Henry Robert Burke correspondence. Brochure on Henderson Hall, Wood County. Dick Croy correspondence and resume. Newspaper articles by Burke. \"Black Cultural Sites in West Virginia\" compiled by Michael Pauley and Peter Jesus, 1990","Correspondence with Sandra Moats-Burke re: UGRR. WV and county maps. Facsimile of pages from \"From the Charles River Shire, 1634-1643, to the Present Day Counties: Harrison, Doddridge, Ritchie, Wood, Pleasants and Tyler\" by Barr Wilson. Research materials on the UGRR. Research notes. \"The Anti-Slavery Movement in West Virginia,\" a speech delivered by Sandra Moats Burke.","Research materials re: quilts and the Underground Railroad, 2001-2011. Notes re: Eliza Farrow, 2005. Paper \"The UGRR Quilt Code\" by Leigh Fellner. Research notes; newspaper clipping; facsimile of web page and transcription of story in an email \"Secret Quilt Code on Exhibit until 10/6,\" 2012; and September 2012 issue of Underground Railroad Free Press.\" Mini-grant for UGRR quilts materials, 2013.","Underground Railroad: Official National Park Handbook .","Includes manuscripts and publications for books; plays and reenactor monologues; short stories; magazine and scholarly articles; and other forms of writing in both print and handwriting. Five subseries encompass the various genres of her writing. Also includes background and research materials for the subjects for her writings, both fiction and non-fiction.","Includes research materials for topics of articles. Subjects and formats treated are: encyclopedia entries in the biographical dictionary African American Architects; drafts and final versions of entries for both people and institutions for the West Virginia Encyclopedia; drafts and final versions of articles about Molly Gabe and Carter G. Woodson for Appalachian Heritage; newspaper articles for the Charleston (WV) Gazette Mail and Village Neighbors (FL) on a number of topics including George Wesley Atkinson, 10th governor of West Virginia, but especially for Black History Month and its founder Carter G. Woodson; Goldenseal articles about a Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) camp, Jessie Moon Thomas, Edward Greer, the Charleston Women's Improvement League, Memphis Tennessee Garrison, and West Virginia's Tuskegee Airmen; contribution to a symposium on diversity and change for Appalachian youth; and a study guide for a Charleston, WV, performance of Zora Neale Hurston's Spunk.","Articles by Ancella Bickley from the  Goldenseal Magazine","Correspondence regarding use of the Goldenseal article \"Camp War: Remembering CCC Company 3538-C\" in an online education guide by the WV State Museum.","Annotated manuscript and research notes for Goldenseal article \"Education and Activism in Gary: a Visit with Jessie Moon Thomas.\" Correspondence with Mrs. Thomas including notes on the Froe and Moon families.","Issue of the journal  Appalachian Heritage  containing AB article \"Profiles: Mollie Gabe\" by Ancilla  [sic]  Bickley.","\"Remembering Carter G. Woodson, the 'Father of Black History'\" in  Village Neighbors , [a publication of the Village in Florida where the Bickley's resided.] Typed notes on Carter G. Woodson. Transcription of letter from Bessie Woodson Yancey, CGW's sister, including text of the poem \"If You Live in West Virginia.\" CGW black history quiz prepared for the Spicy Ladies meeting.","Typed text of autobiographical musings about friendship: likens travel in the south in 1952 to the Underground Railroad travel; and includes details about the move to Morgantown in 1966.","Correspondence with  Goldenseal  regarding \"Edward Greer: First Black General from West Virginia\" and potential story about 1939 black student strike in Piedmont, WV. Manuscripts for Greer article.","Correspondence and drafts of a  Goldenseal  article \"Lifting as We Climb\" about the Charleston Woman's Improvement League. Research materials including facsimiles of photographs. Newspaper article about Judge Irene Berger, McDowell County.","Research materials on Carl Eugene Barnett and Robert Edward Lee Washington for entries in  African American Architects: A Biographical Dictionary, 1865-1945 .","Spiral bound program for  A Different World: Symposium on Diversity, Change, and Appalachian Youth,  2006, where Bickley was a panelist.","Appalachian Heritage , Summer 2008, which includes \"Carter G. Woodson: the West Virginia Connection\" by Ancella Bickley","Appalachian Heritage , Special Issue: Blacks in Appalachia, 1991, which includes Bickley's \"Molly Gabe\" in the Profiles section.","Goldenseal , Winter 2011, containing AB's article \"General Edward Greer: West Virginia's First Black General.\"","Correspondence with Dreck S. Wilson re: contribution to the book  Biographical Dictionary of African-American Architects, 1865-1945.","Research materials about George Wesley Atkinson, tenth governor of WV who attended Howard University. Paper titled \"West Virginia's Tenth Governor and the Black Community\" and newspaper article by AB.","Research materials re: the West Virginia Colored Orphans Home. Newspaper article written by AB. Testimonial for Fannie Cobb Carter. Research notes. Facsimiles of photos. Transcript of interview with Araminta Miller Justice. AB's paper about the Home.","Manuscript drafts and final versions for entries in the West Virginia Encyclopedia. Materials from West Virginia Humanities Council meetings re: the format and content of the Encyclopedia","Appalachian Heritage, Special Issue: Blacks in Appalachia,  Fall 1991, with article by AB in the Profiles Section on Mollie Gabe.","Musings written to friends, 1996. Clipping of \"Commentary: Capable of Thinking, Working…and Paying Her Own Bills,\" 1979, Ancella Bickley Jr.","Processor-created bibliography of Ancella Bickley's writings","Includes books written, complied, or edited by Bickley, and background research materials and drafts of manuscripts. Books Bickley wrote include: a children's book,   LuJay, No-Name, and the Parrot , also titled  Lucia Jean, No Name, and the Parrot  ;   …to be black in fayette  [sic];   History of the West Virginia State Teacher's Association ; and   In Spite of Obstacles: a History of the West Virginia Schools for Colored Deaf and Blind . Books edited by Bickley include:  Honoring Our Past: Proceedings of the First Two Conferences on West Virginia's Black History ;  Memphis Tennessee Garrison: the Remarkable Story of a Black Appalachian Woman ; and   Our Mount Vernons: Historic Register Listing of Sites Significant to the Black History of West Virginia .","Typed manuscripts, 1-14 parts, of 1968 oral history interview with Garrison by Bernard Cleveland, with AB notes and Post-it-Note tabs.","Draft of book introduction; correspondence; photos and negatives for book: MTG and family, Gary WV, mining, Edward O'Toole, facsimiles of photos. Facsimiles of William Garrison's obituary, letter of condolence from Agatha S. Lowe. Program for MTG celebration at Marshall. Personal notes of congratulations on book. Photograph permissions. Facsimile of deed for MTG's grandfather's property, Hollins, VA.","\"The Charleston Stage Company's Study Guide for George C. Wolfe's Adaptation of Zora Neale Hurston's  Spunk \"","Honoring Our Past: Proceedings of the First Two Conferences on West Virginia's Black History  edited by Joe William Trotter, Jr. and Ancella Bickley","Text and illustrations for [children's] book  Lucia Jean, No Name, and the Parrot  as told to Ancella. Original illustrations by S. Ross Browne.","Manuscript for \"Papers from the Conference on West Virginia's Black History, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia, September 1991\" Facsimile of a book chapter \"Negro Education and Integration.\" Facsimile of photograph of students at Weston Colored School.","Spiral bound  The Gathering .","Our Mount Vernons: Historic Register Listings of Sites Significant to the Black History of West Virginia  edited by Ancella R. Bickley.","History of the West Virginia State Teachers' Association  by Ancella R. Bickley; program for The Carter G. Woodson Memorial Foundation, Inc. annual banquet, 2006; research notes on  History of Negro Secondary Education in McDowell County, WV.","In Spite of Obstacles: a History of the West Virginia Schools for the Colored Deaf and Blind, 1926-1955  by Ancella Bickley.","Memphis Tennessee Garrison: the Remarkable Story of a Black Appalachian Woman  edited by Ancella R. Bickley and Lynda Ann Ewen.","Our Mount Vernons: Historic Register Listings of Sites Significant to the Black History of West Virginia  edited by Ancella R. Bickley. Program for Second Baptist Church in Fayetteville, 1993","Manuscript for  …to be black in fayette  written and compiled by Ancella R. Bickley for The Centennial Committee of the Second Baptist Church of Fayetteville, West Virginia, and The Fayette County Black Caucus.","Permissions to publish papers in  Honoring Our Past: Procedures of the First Two Conferences on West Virginia's Black History .","Correspondence with Joe William Trotter. Research notes. Materials relating to the Second Annual Conference on West Virginia's Black History and a paper on James McHenry Jones. Trotter's syllabus for a seminar \"The Afro-American Experience.\" \"Blacks in West Virginia: A Critique of the Secondary Literature and Survey of Primary Sources\" by Joe W. Trotter.","Galley proof of the children's book,  LuJay, No-Name, and the Parrot  by Ancella R Bickley, illustrated by S. Ross Browne. Handwritten list of names.","…to be black in fayette  written and compiled by Ancella R. Bickley for The Centennial Committee of the Second Baptist Church of Fayetteville, West Virginia and The Fayette County Black Caucus.","Includes full plays, skits, and historical interpreter scripts depicting characters such as: Ester from the Bible; West Virginia men and women such as Molly Gabe from Braxton County; Deborah Lacks Pullum, daughter of Henrietta Lacks; and many more. Includes manuscripts for a collaboration with Maureen Crocket in writing \"Tangled Threads: a Three Act Play\" and other plays. For \"Two Saint Say,\" a play performed at the Central Florida Community College, materials include an audition announcement, program, newspaper clipping, and correspondence. Also included is a newspaper clipping and details about Bickley's winning the Florida Senior Playwright Festival contest with \"Wade in the Water.\"","Newspaper article about the play  Two Saint Say  and its performance.","\"Historical Information Re: Milly, Enslaved Black Woman on Whom the Character, OAGE, in  Toussaint Say  Is Based\" Handwritten research notes.","Manuscript for \"Wade in the Water: a Play in One Act\" by Ancella R. Bickley. Correspondence regarding performance.","Manuscripts and notes for \"Mother Love: a Three Act Play\" by Ancella Bickley and Maureen Crockett. Annotated text.","Program for performance of  Two Saint Say  at the Central Florida Community College, February-March, [2008] Print of online article from the  Ocala Star Banner  added by processor.","Two Saint Say  and AB typed comments","Annotated \"In the Name of Woman.\" Facsimile of pages from 1909 court docket book, County of Allegheny (PA) and court case upon which the play is based.","Correspondence with Maureen 'Bunny' Crockett and Bobbi (bjslake@comcast.net) regarding changes to the play  Tangled Threads . Typed pages with annotations regarding black history. \"Mother Love: a Three Act Play\" by Ancella Bickley and Maureen Crockett.","Newspaper clipping for \"Villager's Work Winds Playwright Contest.\"\" Congratulatory email for selection of  Wade in the Water  for the Florida Senior Playwright Festival. Email commenting on inspiration for various plays. Lyrics for the spiritual \"Wade in the Water.\"","Scripts for historical interpreters for Deborah Lacks Pullum, Henrietta Lacks' daughter; and Henrietta Lacks. \"It Ain't Her: a One Act Play.\" Script for historical interpreter for Ona \"Oney\" Judge; Robert Smalls, 1839-1915; Callie House; and Percy Julian. Research notes on Dr. James Marion Sims and other projects. Program for WVU Honors College Symposium \"With a Torch in Their Souls: African Americans in the Civil War\"","Script for historical interpreter for Charles Hamilton Houston presented for the African-American Club, 2011; Gabriel; and Henrietta Lacks.","Research notes. Text of play \"And Further She Sayeth Naught.\" Text of play \"Heritage: an Historical Drama in Three Acts\" by Ancella Bickley and Maureen Crockett.","Two Saint Say: A Play in Two Acts . Auditions announcement. Correspondence regarding the production. Proposal to produce the play from the director Bobbi Jordan.","Correspondence regarding Megan Forrest, actress. Double sided card featuring photos of Ms. Forrest and a brief overview of future endeavors.","Brief plays regarding voting issues including: lack of attention to candidates and issues, campaign spending, voter assistance, pay for voting, etc. Unidentified group photograph. Handwritten dialog.","Two Saint Say: a Play in Two Acts  [performed at] Central Florida Community College, Ocala, Florida, February 29-March 1, 2008.","Submission form for  Wade in the Wate r for the Florida Senior Playwright Festival. Manuscript for Wade in the Water. Email update for Festival.","Manuscript for \"The Crossing,\" a play. Photocopied page regarding Mollie Gabe and her time in Braxton County.","Typed manuscript for a play  Tangled Threads .","\"On This Rock,\" a play; one annotated. Handwritten notes on \"A Last Right\" and \"A Good Christian Woman.\" Recommended edits to Bickley's writing? Short stories, \"The User\" and \"Feelin' the Heat\" by Charles Lloyd.","Traditions: A Journal of West Virginia Folk Culture and Educational Awareness , 1996, which includes Bickley's \"The Baby Catcher\"","Spiral bound  Two Saint Say: a Play in Two Acts  by Ancella Bickley","Research and performance notes for  Tangled Threads: A Three Act Play  by Ancella R. Bickley and Maureen Crockett. Lists of guests who read parts, 2014. Comments from readers.","Annotated  Tangled Threads , 2008.","Tangled Threads  labeled \"Work Copy\"","Tangled Threads","Annotated \"I-John,\" a play.","Table of contents for Skit of Ester, 2010. Web page re: Esther. Typed page re: Haman, Mordecai, and Esther. Chapter summaries. Typed paper about Queen Vashti. Two typewritten pages from larger document. Letter to Jerome re: return of skit manuscript. Letter to Jerome re: transmittal of skit text and masks for players. Handwritten, not AB's handwriting, notes. Three \"masks,\" made from paper fans, and for 6 characters.","Includes manuscripts and edited manuscripts for many stories and a collection of short stories,  Turn Left at the Desert  . Bickley's stories are mostly historical character studies and include themes such as faith and community. One highlight is a critical review of Bickley's short story \"Martha,\" a part of the anthology  Appalachian Love Stories  .","Manuscripts: \"Gabe,\" \"Turn Left at the Desert: Verbal 'Snapshots' from a Black Community\" contents, \"Jones,\" \"The Church on the Corner,\" and \"Sister Angelica.\"","Annotated story manuscripts. \"'Jones': Manuscript Submitted for Workshop, Women Writers Conference\" and reviewed by Faith [Holsart?]","Annotated manuscript for the story \"On This Rock;\" the play  Tangled Threads ; and the story \"It Ain't Her\"","Correspondence regarding writing critiques. Text of \"Mr. Adams,\" \"The Church on the Corner,\" \"Gabe,\" \"Angie's Uncle Robert,\" three versions of \"Mr. Abe Jackson,\" \"The Battle of the Bottle,\" \"DoeDoe,\" \"Addie,\" \"Lesey, Who Was Black, But Comely,\" \"The Lavender Hat,\" and \"A Day in the Park.\" AB commentary on stories.","Review of \"Martha.\" Text of \"Martha.\"","Manuscripts and notes for \"It Ain't Her,\" \"Belli: 'Momma Raised Me Up Special',\" The Battle of the Bottle,\" \"Bertha,\" \"Friends,\" and \"Martha.\"","Manuscript for stories for Turn Left at the Desert","Manuscript for stories for Turn Left at the Desert: \"It Ain't Her,\" \"Hush Now, Child\"","Excerpt from a review of AB's story, [\"Martha\"], in  Appalachian Love Stories .","Short stories for  Turn Left at the Desert.","Annotated manuscript for \"Bertha,\" a short story.","Appalachian Love Stories  compiled and edited by James M. Gifford, Edwina Pendarvis; includes \"Martha\" by Ancella Bickley.","Parts of  Turn Left at the Desert: Verbal \"Snapshots\" from a Black Community.","Handwritten beginning of a story","Handwritten pieces of writing","Typewritten contents for \"Turn Left at the Desert: Verbal 'Snapshots' from a Black Community\"","Typed manuscripts for various short stories.","Bickley was a prolific speaker; speeches cover a wide range of topics including faith, WV black history, black history and pride, West Virginia State College, education, black literature, and more. The majority of the speeches are typewritten.","Program for \"Mending an Era: a Slave Ship Speaks: the Wreck of the Henrietta Marie.\" Typed text, pages 6-7, of a speech (?) about slaves, Anderson Radford, Cassie Thomas Carter, and MTG's mother.","Text of 2 speeches about Alice Walker's novel  The Color Purple:  \"The Uses of Literature: 1984 \u0026 The Color Purple, Panel Discussion at the Tenth Anniversary Program of the Virginia Foundation for the Humanities,\" September, 1984; and one at Richard Bland Community College, October 7, 1985. Research notes on  The Color Purple . Research notes on Alice Walker's short stories \"1955\" and \"In Love and Trouble\"","Correspondence, schedule, lecture series program with AB's lecture on the Underground Railroad. Typed notes from Guyandotte presentation 11/9/91, and the Guyandotte Civil War Days. Program for Guyandotte Civil War Days, October 12-November 4, 1992 with listing of AB lecture \"Local Black Settlement.\" List of sources by Alan Gould, Marshall University. Invitation to present at the 1993 Civil War Days.","T he West Virginia and Regional History Collection Newsletter , Summer 1989, which includes a speech by AB at an education in WV forum.","Annotated text of a speech by both AB and NB about their time at WVU. WVU program \"A Celebration: Integration of Sports on the WVU Campus\" Correspondence with Dana Brooks regarding participation","Article regarding speech about  The Color Purple  at the West Virginia Alliance for Women's Studies meeting. Text of paper \"Black Education in WV\" read at WVU 6/20/89 for West Virginia Day.","Text of speech about black history in West Virginia and after-dinner remarks regarding social history. Email, travel itinerary, newspaper clipping, and correspondence.","Paper about the slave ship Amistad.","Text of speech re: the Underground Railroad. Newspaper article re: decree of freedom from slavery 150 years after.","Handwritten speech to Mo So Lit Club in McDowell County regarding the history of education of blacks, April 1983. WVSC Fall Convocation program, September 8, 1983; two texts of AB's welcome.","Handwritten poem \"Scamp\" [by Paul Laurence Dunbar]. Two handwritten speeches to the WVSC student government regarding importance of citizenship and service, and the history of WVSC. Invitation to speak to the Student Government Association, April 16, 1982. Newspaper article about black newspapers. Program for the Student Government Association Annual Inauguration Dinner, April 13, 1980. Speech for the Honors Convocation, 1985. \"Remarks prepared for State Senator Marie Redd for Blk History Month-2/4/99\" regarding black history and WV black history.","Correspondence regarding invitation to speak at the West Virginia State Baptist Convention. WVSC new student orientation schedule with remarks scheduled for AB. Text of speech, 1984 and 1985, including a brief history of WVSC and Institute.","First page of WVSC Honors Convocation Speech","Program for \"Building Leadership for Educational Excellence: NEA Mid-Atlantic Regional Leadership Conference, November 1-3, 1985 - Greenbrier Hotel, White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia.\" Annotated text of speech \"A Response to the New Right's Agenda for Public Education.\" Other speeches regarding education","Annotated text, some handwritten, of speech to the Mo So Lit Club, McDowell County, WV. Program for The Matrons and Maids Social and Literary Club (Ma-So-Lit), 50th Anniversary, April 17, 1983. Program and text of introduction of Ethel O. Davie for the WVSC Graduate Dinner, 1984.","Program and text of speech for \"Rewriting History\" panel at the \"Premonitions and Perspectives from 1984: Has the Orwellian World Arrived?\" Wisconsin Intellectual Freedom 6th Annual Conference in Milwaukee, March 1-3, 1984. Program, including full text of AB's speech for a panel on \"Perspectives on Censorship: A Discussion\" at the Twenty-First Annual NEA Conference on Human and Civil Rights in Education, February 25-27, 1983. Correspondence regarding invitations to speak at these conferences.","A speech about  The Color Purple  possibly delivered at a Virginia Humanities Conference.","Text of speech for WVSC Convocation and an outline of speech to women students.","Speeches about Carter G. Woodson, WV black history, her life and experiences, and MLK Day.","Speeches about WV black history, historical research, community service, her life and experiences, importance of black organizations, her faith, black women, race, and black education. Programs from presentations at churches. Letter confirming appointment to the Danforth Associate Program.","Speeches about black education; being a role model; leadership; church missionary work; Martin Luther King, Jr.; taking control; the college experience; community service; honoring Alan Gould; Our Mount Vernons; and black history. Corresponence re: speaking at churches.","Speeches about Black History Month; civil rights; Kwanzaa; women's rights; Martin Luther King, Jr.; the Underground Railroad; MTG; The Color Purple; black culture; Alice Walker; Carter G. Woodson; and WV black history.","Slides for WV black history speech. Research materials on WV black institutions. First two pages of speech. Handwritten text on various institutions.","\"Go with God: Remembering All of Us…,\" Commencement address at MU, 1990. Photograph of unidentified black men singing in church. The program for the 1975 NCTE Spring Institutes: \"Teaching Minority Literatures at All Levels.\"","Text of speech, one annotated, about  The Color Purple  for the Virginia Foundation for the Humanities; handwritten notes.","Text of two speeches about black culture with notes for accompanying slides. Note from Charles Davis. Langston Hughes poem with Alex Haley autograph. [No slides in file.]","Booklet presented to AB after she made a speech for the Army Corps of Engineers in Huntington.","Correspondence with NEA re: participation in panel \"Perspectives on Censorship: A Discussion.\" Handwritten speech on censoring literature by blacks and women in the context of the Kanawha County textbook controversy.","Background materials, correspondence, and text of speech \"Multiculturalism in West Virginia\" at the Governor's Honors Academy.","Newspaper clipping about AB Commencement address at Marshall University, 1990. \"And Further She Sayeth Naught: a Play in Three Acts\" by Maureen \"Bunny\" Crocket and Ancella Bickley. [Speech] re: education in WV.","Text of speech about Martha Toler Spencer. Outline for [speech] about black women. Handwritten text of speech in Virginia, Longwood College, about black women. Notes.","\"Go with God: Remember All of Us\" AB's commencement address at MU, 1994.","Typed text of speech for the National Education Association.","Edited paper about the mission of West Virginia State College and changes for the future."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eItems not held in the WVRHC collection which were sent to the Rare Books Curator:\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n1969/70 edition of \"The Black Student at WVU\" \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nBulletin of West Virginia State College, Series 21, no. 1, June 1933. \"Why Choose West Virginia State College\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nBickley, A. R., Carter, G. W. M. F. I., \u0026amp; Marshall University, H. W. V. D. A. (1997). \u003ctitle\u003eOur Mount Vernons: historic register listings of sites significant to the Black history of West Virginia\u003c/title\u003e. [Huntington, WV] : [Carter G. Woodson Memorial Foundation of Huntington and the Drinko Academy at Marshall University].\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nBooklet, \"History of African-American Miners in Appalachian Coal Fields: Black History Month, February, 2000\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Items not held in the WVRHC collection which were sent to the Rare Books Curator:\n \n1969/70 edition of \"The Black Student at WVU\"  \nBulletin of West Virginia State College, Series 21, no. 1, June 1933. \"Why Choose West Virginia State College\" \nBickley, A. R., Carter, G. W. M. F. I., \u0026 Marshall University, H. W. V. D. A. (1997).  Our Mount Vernons: historic register listings of sites significant to the Black history of West Virginia . [Huntington, WV] : [Carter G. Woodson Memorial Foundation of Huntington and the Drinko Academy at Marshall University]. \nBooklet, \"History of African-American Miners in Appalachian Coal Fields: Black History Month, February, 2000\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_6f25abedabab5822a513e8a3ea47bb48\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["West Virginia State College (Institute, W. Va.)","Bickley, Ancella R.","Bickley, Nelson R., 1928-2021","Woodson, Carter Godwin, 1875-1950","Garrison, Memphis Tennessee, 1890-1988","Yancey, Bessie Woodson, 1882-1958"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","West Virginia State College (Institute, W. Va.)","Bickley, Ancella R.","Wicks-Nelson, Rita, 1933-","Bickley, Nelson R., 1928-2021","Woodson, Carter Godwin, 1875-1950","Garrison, Memphis Tennessee, 1890-1988","Yancey, Bessie Woodson, 1882-1958"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","West Virginia State College (Institute, W. Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Bickley, Ancella R.","Wicks-Nelson, Rita, 1933-","Bickley, Nelson R., 1928-2021","Woodson, Carter Godwin, 1875-1950","Garrison, Memphis Tennessee, 1890-1988","Yancey, Bessie Woodson, 1882-1958"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":502,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-04T15:06:42.135Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6226","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6226","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6226","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6226","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_6226.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/209044","title_ssm":["Ancella Bickley, Historian, Research Papers regarding African-Americans"],"title_tesim":["Ancella Bickley, Historian, Research Papers regarding African-Americans"],"unitdate_ssm":["1775-2018 (Includes facsimiles)","1970-2011"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1970-2011"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1775-2018 (Includes facsimiles)"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 4208","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6226"],"text":["A\u0026M 4208","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6226","Ancella Bickley, Historian, Research Papers regarding African-Americans","African American women","Slavery -- West Virginia","Education -- West Virginia","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","School integration -- West Virginia","Underground Railroad -- West Virginia","Underground Railroad -- Ohio","African American Churches -- West Virginia","African American teachers -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- Education -- West Virginia","African Americans -- Genealogy","West Virginia Feminist Activist and Women's History Collection","Requires signed form for box 1, folders 8, 16, and 17, since special access restriction applies due to PII.","Dr. Ancella Radford Bickley, author, historian, and educator, grew up in segregated Huntington, West Virginia, where she was born in 1930.  She graduated from Douglass High School in 1947 and went on to attend West Virginia State College, graduating magna cum laude in 1950 with a degree in English.  She was the first full time black student at Marshall University and received her master's degree in English in 1954.  She received her Ed.D. in English from West Virginia University in 1974.  Dr. Bickley was a teacher at all educational levels and was Vice-President for Academic Affairs at West Virginia State College where she retired in 1986.  She continued to research, write, and speak from her retirement home in Florida where she lived with her husband Nelson.  Some of her accolades include the Mountain State Bar Association's Distinguished Citizen Award, 1978; the National Education Association's The Carter G. Woodson Memorial Award, 1980; West Virginia Woman of the Year, 1984; the West Virginia State College Alumnus of the Year, 1988; and was a Rockefeller Foundation Scholar at Marshall University in 1999.","Dr. Bickley was a prolific speaker and in addtion to the speeches, she authored many stories, plays, and articles.  In 1997, she published  Our Mount Vernons  to identify sites significant to West Virginia black history.","With Lynda Ann Ewen, she co-edited  Memphis Tennessee Garrison: The Remarkable Story of a Black Appalachian Woman , published by Ohio University Press. She has written stories and articles for publications including West Virginia cultural magazine,  Goldenseal . She wrote a history of the West Virginia Schools for the Colored Deaf and Blind.","Bickley, Ancella Collection. Materials relating to African-American history including annual West Virginia Conferences on Black History, 1908-1996. 3 boxes. Ms2003-182, at the West Virginia State Archives.","Marshall University Oral History Collection, Accession Number 1973/01.0064, also includes the oral history transcripts in this collection's addendum of 2017/02/09.","This collection documents the research, public service, and life of Ancella Bickley, writer, educator, speaker, and historian. Includes writings, research materials, and more, focusing on the history of African Americans in West Virginia and the black experience in West Virginia. Collected research materials are predominantly facsimiles.  Printed formats include correspondence, clippings, interview transcripts, typescript writings, publications, pamphlets, ephemera, speeches, articles, military records, and more.  Other formats include photographs, slides, and audiocassettes. ","Subjects include Dr. Bickley's writings, which include plays, speeches, and short stories as well as her historical books, articles and other publications; collected materials from Dr. Bickley's historical research on the history of African Americans in West Virginia; and personal papers. Her research materials include papers grouped sometimes by county, sometimes by individual, sometimes by subject. Subjects of her research include slavery, education, churches, biography and genealogy, literature, and more.  Specific subjects include the Underground Railroad, James McHenry Jones, genealogy, Carter G. Woodson, Mollie Gabe, West Virginia Colored Institute/West Virginia State College, John W. Davis, black high schools, school integration, and more. Counties and their cities with specific focus include Cabell, Kanawha, and Jefferson.  Some documents treating slavery and the Underground Railroad include Ohio from which Cabell County blacks, including Bickley's ancestors, migrated.","Colleagues with whom she corresponded include Judith Stitzel, Nelson Barnett, Maureen Crockett (with whom she co-wrote at least one play), and many more. Of significance is correspondence between Carter G. Woodson and his sister, Bessie Woodson Yancey; and letters and a signed photo from Alex Haley.  ","Writings, research background, and drafts of Dr. Bickley's works found within the collection include:  Memphis Tennessee Garrison: The Remarkable Story of a Black Appalachian Woman , \"Midwifery in West Virginia\" (1990),  Honoring our Past: Proceedings of the First Two Conferences on West Virginia's Black History ,  History of the West Virginia State Teachers' Association  (1979),  In Spite of Obstacles: a History of the West Virginia Schools for the Colored Deaf and Blind, 1926-1955 ,  Our Mount Vernons: historic register listings of sites significant to the Black history of West Virginia , a short story collection \"Turn Left at the Desert,\"  ... to be black in Fayette , and plays:  Two Saint Say ,  Mother Love ,  Tangled Threads  (with Maureen Crockett),  Wade in the Water , and seven  Goldenseal  articles. \nGrant applications and other documents pertaining to her work with the Humanities Council of West Virginia are included in the collection. Other documents describe her work with the Kanawha County Board of Education, EcoTheater, Berea College's Black Mountain Youth Leadership program, and various professional organizations.   \nPersonal papers include material about her husband Nelson R. Bickley and his military career, diplomas, transcripts, photographs of a party she held, and more. ","Addendum of 2017/02/09 (boxes 11 and 12) includes papers of Dr. Ancella R. Bickley, with a few papers of her daughter Ancella Livers. Formats include interview transcripts, correspondence, clippings, typescript writings, publications, cassettes, and more. Most of these materials are transcripts of oral histories pertaining to a collaborative project undertaken by Dr. Bickley and Dr. Rita Wicks-Nelson about black teachers and their memories of school integration in West Virginia in affiliation with the Center for the Study of Ethnicity and Gender in Appalachia at Marshall University.","Abbreviations used in the Contents List: \nAB - Ancella Bickley \nWVSC - West Virginia State College \nNB - Nelson Bickley \nMTG - Memphis Tennessee Garrison \nJMJ - J. McHenry Jones \nNEA - National Education Association \nNCTE - National Council of Teachers of English \nMo So Lit Club - Matrons and Maids Social and Literary Club, McDowell County, WV \nUGRR - Underground Railroad \nMU - Marshall University \nWVU - West Virginia University \nCGW - Carter G. Woodson \nRW-N  - Rita Wicks-Nelson","Includes civic and academic awards and honors, as well as academic milestones such as graduation and Bickley's dissertation. This series includes materials on the celebration of Bickley's retirement from West Virginia State College.","Correspondence from Marshall University regarding AB's commencement address and honorary doctorate; notes of congratulations. Guest list. Photographs of AB delivering address and with others including Soupy Sales. Letter to editor regarding racism of highlighting photograph of Soupy Sales wiping a tear during AB's speech; newspaper clippings. Commencement program. AB's speech.","Honorary Doctorate","Army Commendation Medal (Second Oak Leaf Cluster). AB's Delta Sigma Rho-Tau Kappa Alpha, Hampton Institute, initiation certificate, May 1976","Attendance, reading, scholarships, and other certificates from elementary through college","AB transcript, 1951, from MU. Transcript, WVSC.","Program for the Fourteenth Annual NEA Human and Civil Rights Awards, 1980, when AB won The Carter G. Woodson Memorial Award. Correspondence regarding the award including 2 letters from John W. Davis.","Photograph of WVSC President Thomas Cole and Ancella Bickley at her retirement; labeled \"West Virginia State College, Commencement, May 17, 1986.\"","Master of Arts degree confirmation from Marshall University","Doctor of Education degree confirmation from West Virginia University","Certificate of Appreciation from the Kiwanis Club of Huntington","Note from WVU professor Armand [Singer] regarding missing retirement celebration","Newspaper clipping re: CGW. Photographs of AB and others after a speaking engagement in Fayette County. Service Award certificate from WVSC.","Letter from Maureen Crocket to the Director of the Appalachian Festival re: Tangled Threads. Letter of recommendation from AB for Dr. Elaine Ginsberg. \"Remarks Made upon the Presentation of the 1988 Humanities Award to Ancella Radford Bickley\" by Judith Stitzel. Letter of recommendation for Dr. Bernard L. Allen for the WVU Claude Worthington Benedum Distinguished Scholar Award. Congratulatory letter for appointment [at WVSC]. Request for letter of recommendation from Marc E. Washington at MU; confirmation of receipt of letter. Request for recommendation for Elaine Ginsberg, Trinity University; verification of receipt of letter. Letter of congratulations on retirement from George Parkinson; letter of regrets from Lawrence H. Talley, West Liberty.","Materials re: WV NAACP Harpers Ferry NHP, 1994, including photographs and text of speech. Congratulatory letter for receiving the Distinguished West Virginian Award, 1986. Thank you for copy of Honoring Our Past, 1992. Many other letters and notes re: service and speeches. Request to speak at the New Employment for Women Information \u0026 Referral Center in Logan about black history. Letter from Gaston Caperton, Governor, re: appointment to the Archives and History Commission, 1991. Thank you letter for contribution to Chandler Third Base, 1992. Certificate of recognition for Outstanding Service in Support of 1993 Douglass High School Reunion. Thank you for participating in the United Way Youth Advisory Council's Youth Forum, 1993. Thank you letter re: speech at naturalized citizens ceremony from John T. Copenhaver, 1992. Certificate of appreciation and other materials including a photo re: \"Read to Me\" Day, 1999. Newspaper article re: writing about the West Virginia Schools for the Colored Deaf and Blind and cards of congratulations. Kanawha County Schools Certificate of Recognition and Appreciation, 1991.","Letter of acknowledgement to deliver commencement address and receive an honorary doctorate at MU, 1990. Newspaper clipping and tribute to Minnie Wayne Cooper, 1989. Thank you letter to Matthew Kinsolving, Kanawha County Board of Education, for plaque, 1989. Typed text of \"Remarks Made upon the Presentation of the 1988 Humanities Award to Ancella Radford Bickley.\" Newspaper clipping and congratulatory letter re: WVSC Alumna of the Year, 1988. Letter withdrawing candidacy for the Kanawha County Board of Education, 1988. Thank you letter for receiving the Humanities Foundation Award, 1988; letter of congratulations from A. James Manchin; and Dee Caperton, House of Representatives. Letter of congratulations from Herman G. Canady, Jr., for appointment to Board of Education, 1988. Program for NAACP, Charleston Branch, Annual Freedom Fund Banquet, 1988, with AB as guest speaker. The Trumpet, West Liberty State College student newspaper, with article about AB's lecture on teaching black literature, November 28, 1973. Program, newspaper clipping, flyer, and certificate of recognition for the National Council of Jewish Women, West Virginia Section, Founder's Day, 1991. Correspondence re: speaking invitations, 1991-2001. Letters of thank you for service: The Huntington Club of Negro Business and Professional Women's Clubs, Inc., 2001; Charleston Mayor, G. Kemp Melton, for Charleston Urban Renewal Authority, 1999; Conference program for \"New Approaches to the Humanities and Lifelong Learning,\" 1988, where AB received award. Newspaper clippings for awards and accomplishments. 1987-1988. Newspaper clipping \"Educator Grim on Blacks' Future\" 1985. Thank you letter from Dee Caperton, House of Delegates, for draft of book about Elizabeth Simpson Drewry, 1987. Congratulatory notes, 1988-2002. Resume, ca. 1988. Text of speech for [receiving WVSC Alumna of the Year award, 1988]","Newspaper clippings, 1994-2002. Congratulatory and thank you letters, 1984-1995. Program for Staff Recall, Federal Prison Camp, Alderson, WV, with AB as guest speaker. Program for Induction Ceremony [sic], Phi Sigma Alpha, WVSC, 1995, when AB gave speech on the UGRR. Program for Carter G. Woodson Memorial Foundation Third Annual Memorial Fundraiser Banquet, 1995, AB speaker. Program for MLK birthday event at the WV School of Osteopathic Medicine where AB spoke, 1994. Resume. Photo of the Berlin Wall, May 1963.","Newspaper clippings, 1984-2002. Congratulatory and thank you letters and certificates, 1975-2002. Program for the Fourteenth Annual NEA Human and Civil Rights Awards dinner, 1980, when AB received The Carter G. Woodson Memorial Award. Program for Academy Cultural Awareness Committee Black History Month Program, 2002, where AB presented about MTG. Invitation to reception for Oliver W. Hill Freedom Fighter Award of the Virginia State Conference NAACP, 1999, and invitation to recognition event at the U.S. Capitol. Program for St. Anthony Church and School Community Education Awards where AB received the Gregory Loebach Award, 2002. Text of speech and program for West Virginia's African-American Women of Distinction book introduction by the West Virginia Women's Commission, 2002. Program for The Education Alliance Graduates of Distinction, AB recipient, 2002; text of speech; newspaper clipping; correspondence.","Newspaper clippings, ca. 1972-2002. Congratulatory and thank you letters, certificates and other recognitions, 1975 -2002. Letter of receipt for items given to the West Virginia State College/West Virginia Black Heritage Collection, 1987. Personal note, 3/26/80, discussing various contributions to education. Photograph of AB. Program for The National Association of Negro Business and Professional Women's Clubs banquet and candlelight rededication services, 1988, where AB was the guest speaker. Program for Berkeley County Diversity Committee \"Town Meeting\" with AB conducting interactive workshops at schools, 2002. Program and sketch of AB for [her retirement] 1986. Program for PCC lecture series \"The West Virginia Experience,\" [ca. 1985]. State of WV Teaching Certificate, 1960-1965. Letter of acceptance by NB for offer of teaching positions at WVSC for both NB and AB, 1972. Letter offering employment at WVSC as Associate Professor of English, 1972. Letter to NB offering WVSC position of Director of Guidance and Placement, 1972. Letters of thanks for AB for retirement and awards, 1986. Notification of nomination for President of WVSC, 1987. Correspondence Re: NCTE Orwell conference, 1984. Notification that tapes of censorship series of programs will be housed at the New York Public Library, 1984. Program for the Danforth Associate Program, 1975, for which AB and NB were program chairs. Program for The Women's Study Club Annual Open House, 1984, when AB was named Woman of the Year. Program for \"African Americans in the Appalachian Coalfields\" at the National Mine Health \u0026 Safety Academy when AB gave a lecture, 2000.","Newspaper clippings, 1989-2000. Congratulatory and thank you letters, invitations to speak, certificates of recognition, 1985-2000. Photograph of Douglass High School Y Teens, ca. 1946, including AB. Newspaper articles re: AB as WVSC's May Queen, 1948. Issue of MU's Greenline: a Publication for Alumni and Friends of Marshall University, May-July 1990, in which AB is recognized as commencement speaker; press release; letters of congratulations. Photograph of AB and others after presentation in Morgantown, 1990. Program for WVSC National Alumni Association William L. Lonesome Alumni Awards Dinner-Dance Honoring Dr. Ancella R. Bickley, Class of 1950, 1988 Alumnus of the Year. Dunbar Rotary Club Newsletter with AB as speaker, 1988. Materials from the Second Annual Conference on West Virginia's Black History, 1989. Letter to the editor of the Charleston Gazette re: black athlete, 1988.","Retirement from WVSC, 1986, materials. Correspondence re: ceremony; letters of congratulations; newspaper clippings; photographs; program; WVSC commencement program with AB as retirement honoree.","AB's doctoral dissertation A Study of the Effects of Teaching a Unit on Black Culture to Classes of Predominantly White High School Students, 1974.","Newspaper clippings for Education Alliance Graduates of Distinction, 2002. Materials pertaining to \"From Our Front Porch: Stories about Charleston's Oldest Neighborhood, The East End\": newspaper insert; outline for Appalachian Studies Association presentation; program for play at Roosevelt Wilson High School; the play. \"Testimony of Ancella Radford Bickley, Independent Scholar from West Virginia, on behalf of The State Humanities Program Regarding FY 1989 Appropriations to the National Endowment for the Humanities before the Appropriations Subcommittee on the Interior of the Senate,\" 1988. Congratulatory letters re: selection to the Kanawha Board of Education. Newspaper clippings. Congratulations re: speech's and performance of play in Florida. Commencement program for WVSC, 1950. Text of AB honors. Newspaper clippings re: her writings. Letter of acknowledgement for participation in reading of the names of lynchings victims program, Virginia State University, 2001. News release re: production of Harvest of Dreams by the Charleston Stage Company, 2000. Correspondence re: appointment to the WVU Board of Advisors, 1989. Certificate of appreciation from the City of Beckley for contributions to black history in WV. Thank you note re: women writers, 1994. Thank you letter from James Tolbert re: participation in Black History Month program at Harper's Ferry. Overview of AB accomplishments [introduction?]. Letter acknowledging participation in Kanawha County Public Library Black History Month events, 1993; abstract of talk; resume. Thank you letter for presentation at a Affirmative Action Committee Meeting, 1994; program; brochure listing black employees. Letter acknowledging intent to speak at the WV School of Osteopathic Medicine re: unsung heroes of the Civil Rights Movement and for MLK Day, 1993. Handwritten note of appreciation for a speech. Handwritten note re: missing speech for Black History Month, with attached newspaper clipping, 1994. 1949 Yellow Jacket article with picture of AB as newspaper staff. Clipping re: AB as keynote speaker for MLK Day celebration, 1991. Letter acknowledging a reading at the College Language Association, 1993. Letter acknowledging agreement to moderate a panel on sexual harassment; flyer for the program. Congratulatory letter for receiving the MU Graduate School Distinguished Alumnus, 1993. Program for \"First Annual Forum and Family Recognition Conference\" from the West Virginia Black Family Coalition, 1992, for which Bickley was a moderator. Correspondence and program for Distinguished Graduate Student Award from MU, 1993. Newspaper clipping about the WVSC presidential inaugural ball including description of AB and NB attire, 1974. Letter from Mary Pearl Compton, WV Delegate, re: Union's Historic District. Handwritten card praising AB as a \"liquid god\" able to move among roles, 1995. Resumes.","Senate Resolution honoring AB and Lynda Ann Ewen, 2002. Certificate of recognition as a West Virginia Hero, 2002. Newspaper clippings, 1990-2002. Correspondence re: lecture at Alderson Broaddus College, 1991. Certificate of recognition from the WV National Organization of Women and two 1991 conference programs. Program for \"African-Americans in the Appalachian Coalfields,\" 2000. Letter acknowledging selection at WVSC Alumnus of the Year, 1988. The Humanities Foundation of West Virginia Award Dinner Program, 1988. Issue of People \u0026 Mountains: a Publication of the West Virginia Humanities Council, Summer 2001, with MTG interview excerpt edited by AB and Lynda Ann Ewen. Congratulatory note re: publication of Memphis Tennessee Garrison; lecture on MTG announcement, 2000. Letter from the Indiana Humanities Council re: placement on \"Always a River\" registry, 1991. Letter from Gov. Gaston Caperton recognizing appointment to the Martin Luther King, Jr. State Holiday Commission, 1989. Acknowledgement letters as a speaker, 1990-1999. Acknowledgement of receipt of Our Mount Vernons from a professor at the University of Texas at El Paso, 1997. \"Book Notes\" section of West Virginia History re: Our Mount Vernons, 1997. Letter of re: reappointment to the WV Archives and History Commission, 1997. Letter re: WV Public Radio's Cultural Diversity Radio Project, 1998. Letter re: Mistress of Ceremony for a poetry contest at WVSC, 1995. Letter acknowledging support of the WV Humanities Council programming, 1995.","Special Commendation from the U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Park Service, for Significant Contributions to the Underground Railroad Study, 1995.","\"West Virginia: a Film History\" recognition as the Historical Advisor for the film project.","State of West Virginia Distinguished West Virginian award, 1986.","Senate Resolution honoring AB and Lynda Ann Ewen, 2002.","Includes newspaper clippings and writings by Ancella Bickley Livers (also called Cill Jr. or Cill). Also includes material by or about Nelson Bickley, Ancella Bickley's husband and prominent Charleston, West Virginia, lawyer. Formats include articles, awards and honors, military records, speeches, research notes, publications, correspondence, newspaper clippings, and more. Subjects include Nelson Bickley's military and teaching careers, his uncle Carter G. Woodson, and more.","Correspondence with James Harlow, WVU President, regarding tenure at WVU, 1969 and 1972. Army records for Nelson Bickley. Various Army regulations, blank forms, and information flyers. Correspondence and forms from the Veterans Administration. Medical records, 1956-1966","Charleston Gazette/Gazette-Mail newspaper clippings about AB and NB, 1999-2003","Text of NB's speech \"CMA's Link to the Late Carter G. Woodson, the 'Father of Negro History'\" at the Chicago Military Academy, program, and certificate of appreciation.","Text of speech given by NB at East Bank High School to Junior ROTC, regarding the benefits of military service.","Military and scholarship commendations, program from WVSC Commencement, 1948.","Military records for Nelson Bickley including his assignment as an Army ROTC instructor at WVU and difficulty of finding Negro housing. Admission to WVU College of Human Resources and Education.","Folder within 16a containing Army medical records for Nelson Bickley, 1957-1966.","Akron Beacon Journal,  December 7, 1982, with article by Ancella Livers which includes brief biography.","\" Brown V. Board of Education  in West Virginia\" by Nelson R. Bickley in the  West Virginia Law Review , Spring 2005.","Text of speech given by NB at the WVU Law School","Correspondence with Congressman Harley Staggers, James G. Harlow, President of WVU, and others regarding Nelson Bickley's retirement. Other military records.","Invitations to the ROTC Cadet Corps Annual Military Ball and the ROTC Awards Day and Hall of Fame Induction Ceremony, 1982. Program for the ROTC Awards Day Ceremony, May 1, 1981. WVSC student newspaper  The Yellow Jacket  with an article about the inductees to the ROTC Hall of Fame including NB. Typed text of NB's acceptance speech about his time in the military. Newspaper with an interview with NB and Belva Clark about Carter G. Woodson, 1987. Program and text of NB speech, with AB edits, at WVSC for Veterans Day, 1992. Newspaper article regarding NB induction into the WVSC ROTC Hall of Fame.","Signed letter from Alex Haley to Colonel and Mrs. Nelson Bickley, March 1, 1973, re: the Bickleys' hospitality after a lecture.","Clippings regarding the Bickleys from  The Villages Daily Sun  (FL) and  The Sunday News-Registe r (Wheeling, WV)","Pamphlet \"The Black Student at WVU,\" 1969/70, 1971/72, which include pictures of AB. Program for Lincoln-Douglas Banquet sponsored by Morning Star Baptist Church, February 12, 1977; includes AB as the speaker. Newspaper articles by and about Ancella Bickley, as well as Nelson. Congratulatory letter regarding AB promotion to Vice President for Administration at WVSC, July 9, 1975. Dunbar High School's publication, Kennel, Feb. 23, 1973 and May, 1974.","Letter regarding AB in WVU classroom. Newspaper article about Ancella, daughter of Ancella and Nelson. Dunbar High School's student newspaper, Kennel, Nov. 1972.","Bachelor of Arts degree confirmation from West Virginia State College","Nelson Bickley's Master of Arts degree confirmation from West Virginia University","Nellie Francisco's Bachelor of Arts in Education degree confirmation from West Virginia State College, 1938","Letter from CGW to Bessie Woodson Yancey, CGW's sister, re: funding Joan's education. Text of the poem \"The Forgotten Boys.\" Invitation to the dedication of the Carter G. Wooson School, New Orleans.","Research materials re: Belva Clark, Carter G. Woodson's niece and Nelson Bickley's mother; note of condolence; funeral program; handwritten [by Mrs. Clark?] obituary and instructions","Articles about NB. Membership certificate to Sigma Pi Phi Fraternity.","Teaching certificate for Nellie Radford Francisco, Bluefield Colored Institute, 1928.","Special Order lists. Legal case notes? Selective Service Act of 1948 memo.","Includes genealogical research material, notes, and charts in print as well as handwritten for these families, mostly from the Huntington, West Virginia area and across the Ohio River: Twyman, Spurlock, Barnett, Payne, Jones, Woodson, Wilson, Johnson, Summers, Smoot, Peters, Radford, Layne/Lane, Jones, Straham, Cabell, and Parker. Additional genealogical information is included in oral history interviews with individuals (see Interviews and Oral History Interviews series); the Others' Works series; the Biography subseries of Research Notes and Collected Materials; and other locations throughout the collections.","Documents pertaining to the Twyman Family. Facsimile of pages from  The Promised Land  by J. Earl Pratt [1964]. Facsimile of newspaper legal notices from T he Ironton Register , Oct. 27 and Dec. 15, 1870.","Letter from Willard H. Radford and Kim Radford regarding a reunion for the Radford-Bickley families.","Correspondence between the Bickleys and Nelson L. Barnett, Jr. regarding Allensworth (CA) State Historical Park, the Spurlock family, the Barnett-Payne-Jones family. Rededication pamphlet, October 10, 1992","Barnett family genealogy compiled by Nelson Barnett, Jr.","Various documents pertaining to Carter G. Woodson and the Barnett family connection. \"A Black History of Huntington\" by Edna Duckworth. Barnett family documents.","Family line charts, photographs, newspapers, family history for the Nelson Barnett line. Program for the First Baptist Church, Huntington, September 25, 1988. Photographs buildings designed by Carl Barnett, architect.","Transcription of Barnett family obituaries.","James and Mary Wilson family genealogy. Facsimiles of portraits. Memorial service programs. Photographs of Mary Wilson Johnson and James Johnson. Photo of family group identified later in file and on facsimile. Obituary for William O. Johnson. Family group photo. Photos of Ida and William Johnson.","Handwritten Cabell Family tree and notes on the Cabell Family in Institute. Transcription of letter from J. S. Cunningham to Governor A.I. Boreman. Facsimile of newspaper ad for sale of slave.","Handwritten notes regarding Summers Family and slaves.","Facsimile of book section and term paper about the Smoot Family written by Marcella L. Pauley Short for WVSC class.","Booklet of genealogy forms.  African-American Genealogy: A Research Guide  compiled by Phyllis Preston Jarrett and Helen Chambers Winston.","Typewritten history of the Smoot Family, Boone County.","Personnel record for Willard Radford. Letter, 1949, certifying marriage of Willard Radford to Lilian Angus in Cuba, 1923.","Handwritten marriage records for Radfords.","Handwritten notes from a phone conversation regarding the Straham-Parker families.","Typed \"Conversation with Nellie Redford Francisco--about 1985.\" Handwritten \"Discussion w/Henry Radford, 1/14/93.\" Radford Family genealogy. Peters Family genealogy. Newspaper articles regarding Negro education in Huntington and Kimball, 1904-1923. Cemetery lot receipts to Willard Radford. Program for Sterberger Elementary School 1999 Graduation Ceremony; Akil Livers listed as student. Funeral service program for Lily Van Sykes Kelly, 1994. Transcribed obituaries for Joseph T. Payne, 1948, and Minnie Bell Powell, 1936.","Research notes on how to do black genealogy.  Black Studies: a Select Catalog of National Archives Microfilm Publications .","The Layne Family Tree and Its Branches . Handwritten tree with Twyman connection.","\"Plat Map, Mt. Pisgah Cemetery, Proctorville, Ohio\" with notes. Request for donation to the Cemetery, 2013.","Handwritten CGW family tree.","Radford family genealogy. Release of note on deed, Radford family, 1952.","This series includes two subseries, General and Black Teachers.","Includes more formal oral history interviews as well as \"discussions\" and other less structured interviews not intended for any historical publication. Formats include handwritten notes, typed notes, and transcripts of interviews as well as background in the form of correspondence and typed and handwritten corrections.","Transcript of interview with Johnnie James. Newspaper article \"THE Man…Johnny James Now Shares Life With God\"","Background research re: changes to social history and oral history.","Notes from discussion with Grover DuBose, Korean War veteran, Sept. 10, 2000.","Transcripts of interviews with black citizens of Huntington, WV; Institute, WV; Guyandotte, WV; and Black Fork, OH. Including Johnnie James, Ms. Bessie Herbert McClain, Chester A. Burris, Henry Pierce, Mildred Loar Williams, Cash Keels, James Thompson, Mrs. Araminta Miller Justice, and James Johnson.","Spiral bound notebook containing notes from oral history interviews with black soldiers, 1945-46. References to color-coded folders. Notes on soldiers' letters, 1943-45. List of themes in interviews. Follow up on specific soldiers, 2005, titled \"Negative behavior of Blk soldiers.\" Diagram of Army organization.","Research notes labeled \"Army Wives Material: Discussion with Carl \u0026 Nancy Johnson Re: Military Experiences; Carl was a Tuskegee Airman. His wife, Nancy, is white\" 2014. Annotated paper \"The WV State Capitol\" with research notes. Emails re: Kimball Wall Memorial Project, 2011. Research notes. Letter to Beverly from AB re: various researchers in the Villages, FL, 2014. Typed notes from interview with Harriet Williams, Lewisburg, WV.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Mildred Lore Williams, 1990, re: family history and Cabell County History. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Bessie Herbert McClain, 1990, re: living in Huntington. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Suzette Spencer, 1990, re: family and life in Huntington. Mrs. Spencer was a descendant of 37 slaves freed in the south and sent to Ohio. Transcript of oral history interview with Mr. Cash Keels, 1990, re: family history and life in Black Fork, Ohio.","Audiocassettes labeled: \"Joseph C. Peters re: Black High School Athletics - 11/2/95;\" \"Gregory Peters / Reminiscences, 9/22/95, \u0026 Ed Scott #3;\" \"MC (Ref) Edward Greer, 5/10/06;\" and \"Ed Scott / Reminiscences /Korea, 10/20/95\"","Bickley and Rita Wicks-Nelson, as Rockefeller Scholars-in-Residence at Marshall University's Center for the Study of Ethnicity and Gender in Appalachia, interviewed and recorded interviews with older black women teachers from across the state. This subseries contains transcripts of the interviews, corrected transcripts, correspondence with the subjects, and sometimes background information about them.","Typed manuscript for \"Black Education in West Virginia,\" a joint project between Ancella Bickley and Rita Wicks-Nelson. Notes regarding Mrs. T. McDaniel interview; text of interview. Correspondence regarding book on black female teachers. Research notes. Text of speech about black WV schools. List of narrators. Facsimiles of newspaper clippings \"from Mrs. Rayford's Collection\" regarding desegregation of schools, 1955-1956. Newspaper clipping of AB interview regarding MTG.","Handwritten notes of [interview with] Marian Hatcher, WVU English Dept. teacher.","Print out of web page re: Dr. Ancella Bickley and Dr. Rita Wicks-Nelson, 1999 Rockefeller Scholars-in-Residence. Project name: \"Life Experiences of Older, Black, West Virginian Women [Teachers]\"","Demographics of teachers' project. Map showing location of teachers. Narrative overview of the project. Paper \"Mosaic [sic] in Black and White: Black Teachers Remember School Integration in West Virginia\" [by] Ancella Bickley and Rita Wicks-Nelson; paper presented at the Center for the Study of Ethnicity and Gender in Appalachia, MU, 2000. Annotated paper. Draft of paper \"Changing Lives and Potential Leadership: A Study of West Virginian Women Returning to College\" [by] Rita Wicks-Nelson, Lynda Ann Ewen, ca. 1997.","Correspondence between AB and RW-N and others re: book based on teachers' oral history interviews. Paper \"Black Education in West Virginia.\" Text of paper [by AB] \"Read @ WV Sociological Assoc. Annual Mtng. WVSC - Oct. 24, 1997.\" Letter from NB, 2005, asking for addenda to  West Virginia Law Review  paper about  Brown v. Board of Education.  Research notes. \" Fullen  corrected pp, AB,\" 2001. Letter requesting interview with Pearl Swann Carter, 2000.","Release form from Suzanne Slaughter, 1998","Correspondence, edits, research notes with RW-N. Book reviews from The Appalachian journal, 2005. List of women interviewed. Background and summaries for interviewees.","Research materials re: education in WV;  Brown v Board of Education.  Possible participants; call for participants; correspondence with participants Writing retreat brochure and correspondence. Project update to the Center for the Study of Ethnicity and Gender in Appalachia at MU. Draft of summary of results. Summary data forms and interview guide. Schedule of interviews. Letter from parent to teacher, Anna McCright. Flyer announcing talk by AB and RW-N. Luncheon flyer from the Fayette County Black Caucus.","Life stories, some annotated or edited, for Vivian Williams Fleming, Eliza Jane Campbell Dillard, Anna McCright, and Mary Montgomery.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Louise Anderson. Newspaper clipping of obituary.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Velma Bradshaw. Handwritten notes on folder.","Oral History Review  article, 2001, re: school segregation. Email with list of changes to the transcript. Transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Pearl Swann Carter, 2001.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Florence Casey, 1997","Transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Ottrus Chatman, 1999. Typed and handwritten notes on the interview.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Verona Clarke, 1997.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. E. Jane Dillard, 1999.","Handwritten notes on the interview. Correspondence with Mrs. Elston. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Mary M. Elston, 1997.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Eunice Fleming, 1999.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Vivian Williams Fleming, 1997. Handwritten notes.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Norma Jean Fullen, 1997.","Handwritten notes. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Susie Guyton, 1997.","Handwritten notes. Transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Willie Hise, 1999.","Typed and handwritten notes. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Floristine Holland, 1998.","Handwritten notes. Transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. B'Alma Jones, 1999.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Miss Anna McCright, 1999.","Corrected transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Thelma McDaniel, 1999.","Letter to Mrs. McDaniel. Typed notes and pages from the interview. Letter from Norman L. Jones re: Thelma McDaniel and the Price and White families, 2001.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Edris Miller, 1998.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Mary Montgomery, 1997. Overview for Mrs. Montgomery. Letter to her. Pages of the interview with corrections. List of names and addresses for interviewees.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Ms. Doris Payne, 1999.","Overview for Ruby Brown Reeler. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Ruby Reeler, 1997. Handwritten transcript of a quote from the interview. Handwritten notes on the folder.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Nancie Smith Robinson, 1999.","Transcripts pages of interview with FH [Floristine Holland?] Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Suzanne Slaughter, 1998.","Obituary for Mary Crozier Snow, 2011. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Mary Snow, 1997. Letter to Mrs. Snow with corrections, 2001.","Transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Fannie Ashe Thomas, 1999.","Handwritten notes. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Velma Twyman, 1997. Letter to Mrs. Twyman re: corrections, 2001.","Includes books, manuscripts, facsimile pages, and other publications not written by Bickley, who was sometimes asked to provide feedback on writing. Forms of writing include family histories, poems, short stories, plays, novels, and both scholarly and popular articles. Other writers include: Sharon M. Draper, Charles Lloyd, Hannah N. Geffert, Peri Lynne Johnson, L. O'B. Thomson, Nelson L. Barnett, J. McHenry Jones, Judith Stitzel, Elizabeth Taylor Brown, and Phyllis Moore.","A Memorial to the Scott, Carter, Mumford Families and the Journey from the Hills of North Carolina to the Beautiful Ohio Shore in the Year 1844  by Edith Dove Bryant, original and one facsimile. Article \"Midwifery in West Virginia\" 1990.","My Dearest Husband: the Letters of Amacetta Laidley Summers to George W. Summers, 1842-1843  by Patricia Clark Bulla. Handwritten genealogy chart for James M. Laidley","Poem \"Old Lady Sady and the Chicken Wings\" c1992 Sharon M. Draper","My Dearest Husband: the Letters of Amacetta Laidley Summers to George W. Summers, 1842-1843  by Patricia Clark Bulla. Laidley-Summers-Quarrier family line","Manuscript for  Aesculapius, Ebony  by Nelson L. Barnett, M.D.","\"…Tryin' to Get Home…\": A Journal,  a compendium of biographies, family histories, community histories, etc. by the John Henry Memorial Committee.","\"The Search for Larry Doby\" by Bob Stitzel in  Sports Collectors Digest , December 1, 1989. Letter from Judith Stitzel critiquing short stories \"The Woman in the Lavender Hat,\" \"Hush Now Child,\" \"Sweets,\" and \"Jones.\" Manuscripts of Stitzel's stories \"My New York Yankees,\" \"Cover-Up,\" \"Hearing Aids,\" \"Unbecoming a Jew.\" Letter from Stitzel regarding order of stories.","Manuscript for book about West Virginia State College.","Correspondence with Phyllis Moore re: WV writers. Annotated stories \"It Ain't Her!,\" \"The Crossing,\" and \"On This Rock,\" short stories by AB. Photo of AB and unidentified woman. \"'Talking about home…': Yes, We Have Authors\" by Phyllis Wilson Moore.","Project overview for Greenbrier Valley African-American life. J. McHenry Jones' novel  Hearts of Gold  with highlighted passages and annotations. Background research materials.","Facsimile of  The Jones Family  by John L. Jones.","Correspondence with Hannah N. Geffert re: Black History Conference and her annotated story \"The Guns of October.\"","\"History of Lakin Hospital: Pulling for the Stars\" by Elizabeth Taylor Brown. Reviewers' comments.","The Plays of Ann Kathryn Flagg  published by Amistad, Inc., Ancella Bickley, Director.","\"Black High Schools in West Virginia\" prepared by R. Charles Byers.","Writings of Peri Lynne Johnson, AB's niece, some with annotations.","Review of \"The History of Lakin State Hospital\" by Elizabeth Brown; manuscript.","Drafts and final papers written by L. O'B. Thompson who taught at WVSC.","Aesculapius, Ebony  by Nelson L. Barnett. Brief biography of Carl Eugene Barnett. Facsimile of photograph of \"Reverend Nelson Barnett, Circa 1900.\"","Paper and letter of transmittal for \"The Peters Sisters: An Historical Omission\" by Norman Jordan. Research notes on the sisters: Ethel and Ada Peters.","Typewritten notes about various novels, movies, and other works. Discussion questions for some.","Inscribed play \"Day to Day: a Drama in One Act\" by Maryat Lee. Article \"'…To Will One Thing: a New Look at Theater\" [by] Maryat Lee, from  Drama Review , 1983. Materials re: EcoTheater including scholarly articles.","Includes black and white historical photographs, slides, and contemporary color photographs. Additional photographs can be found throughout the collection. Most photos are black and white facsimiles of original historical photos of people and places significant to Bickley's research and publications. Subjects include educational institution buildings and students; other institution buildings; the Radford family; Bickley and Bickley with others. The contemporary color photos include ones of the memorial statues on the West Virginia Capitol grounds; Potomac State College campus; Bickley and others; and the social event A Red Hat Party celebrating women.","Photos: graduating class at Bluefield State College; Barnett School Orchestra, Huntington, with Nellie Francisco; school children at Lincoln School, Wheeling, 1912; unidentified football team; buildings at Bluefield State College and West Virginia State College.","Photos, invitation to, and follow up for a birthday celebration for AB, and a Red Hat Party to celebrate older women. Poem about AB.","Photographs of building details; street scenes; two black women [Alberta Coleman]; NB; campus, Potomac State College, buildings including Academy Hall and Duke Anthony Whitmore/Henry Louis Gates, Jr. Academic Achievement Wall.","Photos of statues on the WV State Capitol grounds: prints, proof sheet with numbered descriptions, and a CD. Annotated text to accompany photos and titled \"Statuary on the Grounds of the West Virginia State Capitol.\" Brief history of the Capitol and the state of West Virginia.","\"Honoring Our Past: 1994 Calendar\" produced by the Alliance for the Collection, Preservation and Dissemination of West Virginia's Black History. Calendar includes photos of school bands, Bluefield NAACP chapter, Hopewell barber shop in Martinsburg, and schools.","Copies of group photographs of children and a \"Special Citation Award to Mrs. Harry Gordon\"","Photo of unidentified family, 1901; restored photo and invoice for work, 2005.","Negatives and photos from AB's Red Hat Party","Variety of copies of historical photographs, most not identified, 1912-1918. Note stapled to folder removed, 10/17/1990.","1991 (3), 1993, 1994 calendar \"Honoring Our Past\" from the Alliance for the Collection, Preservation and Dissemination of West Virginia's Black History. 1971 Black History Calendar [by] Raymond W. Lowry.","Facsimiles of photographs of students at WVSC including AB in Delta Sigma Theta Sorority.","Photographs of AB and others at a presentation on CGW at Marshall University, President's Home. February 24, 1988.","Facsimile of undated photo [ca. 1942] of John W. Davis, Charles Rutherford, Austin W. Curtis, L.A. Toney, et al. On back: \"Received from Debby Jackson,  Goldenseal , 4/7/1997. Picture taken during construction of Washington-Carver Camp.\"","Photo of AB with author Alice Walker at the University of Charleston, [1999]. Photo of AB with Ken Sullivan, Executive Director of the WV Humanities Council, 2002.","Includes examples of Bickley's contribution to a number of public service projects both in a professional capacity and as a citizen. Includes these formats:  \nplanning documents,  \ncorrespondence,  \nmeeting notes, and  \nagendas for these organizations:  \n-Amistad, Inc., a publishing company she formed;  \n-West Virginia Humanities Foundation;  \n-Black Mountain Youth Leadership Program, Berea College;  \n-The EcoTheater in Lewisburg, for which she served as board member;  \n-National Council of Teachers of English, for which she was National Director;  \n-West Virginia Archives and History Commission, of which she was a member; and  \n-Marshall University colloquium on black history.","Most notable are the grant applications, programs, and correspondence from her work with the West Virginia Humanities Foundation. Bickley was President of the Board of Directors and wrote a ten-year history of the organization, 1974-1984. The files include background materials for a number of projects for which she or others received grants. For her work with the Kanawha County Board of Education, her files include research materials about minority student achievement, and documents about the Kanawha County Schools Minority Student Achievement Task Force and Maximizing Achievement of African-American Children in Kanawha County (MAAACK). Documenting her work with an organizing committee to clean up the Bethel Cemetery in Huntington, her files include calls for participants, flyers, lists of members, and more. One civic activity with no apparent formal organization includes a meeting with Governor Rockefeller to advocate for affirmative action in West Virginia government. More on Bickley's professional and community activities can be found in the Awards, Honors Series.","\"Notes from Meeting between WV SAC and Governor Rockefeller--June 13\" The SAC [Statistical Analysis Center] asked the governor to authorize another study concerning minority employment in West Virginia with the goal of supporting affirmative action and the employment of more minorities.","Humanities Scholar Resource Forms by Virginia Edwards (2/86), Judith G Stitzel, and Elayne Rapping for the project, \"Reel Visions: A Conference on Women and Film.\" \"Seminar for Professionals Scholar's Statement\" by AB.  The Midwest Quarterl y article \"The Humanities in Public Conversation.\" Publication: \"The Humanities Foundation of West Virginia, 1974-1984, A Decade of Discovery\" which lists awards; AB was President of the Board of Directors.","Brochure for the 15th Year of the EcoTheater founded by Maryat Lee, 1975-1990. Letter of support fro grant to the EcoTheater, February 10, 1990. Business correspondence with members of the Board of Directors.","Notes, membership lists, and correspondence from meetings of the Bethel Memorial Park Interest Group. Various research notes regarding black WV doctors and other topics.","Invitation to Ronald Reagan's inauguration","Correspondence from Cecil H. Underwood and Earl Ray Tomblin regarding appointment to the WV Archives and History Commission, July 11, 2000-September 22, 2000.","Papers and notes from 1975 National Council of Teachers of English (NCTE) conferences when AB was National Director. List of attendees. Black history newspaper clippings. NCTE Spring Institutes programs: April 4-8 in Buffalo, New York; and April 25-29 in Santa Barbara, California. Paper by NB \"Mini-Psychological Theory about Black Americans\"","Invitation to Jimmy Carter's inauguration, January 20, 1977.","Certificate of incorporation and other legal documents for Amistad, Inc. Humanities Foundation grant application. Correspondence, agendas for Board meetings, and notes from meetings.","Correspondence with William (Bill) Turner regarding a black history colloquium at Marshall and editing a special issue the  Appalachian Journal. Sojourner: Voice of the Eastern Kentucky Social Clubs , 1989.","Program for MU symposium \"Moving Toward Freedom: Slavery and Resistance.\" WV Humanities Foundation grant materials for \"Fact to Freedom: The Story of Slavery in West Virginia.\" Cost details for recreating a slave auction block. Photograph of 10th and Market in Wheeling, 1895.","Correspondence with Brucella and Norman Jordan re: the African American Heritage Family Tree Museum. Also a Humanities Council Grant, brochures, newspaper clippings, press releases. B. Jordan's curriculum vitia and job description with an appliation.","Materials supporting the proposal for WVSC's The Canty House being placed on the National Register of Historic Places.","Materials for collaboration of Kanawha County Schools Minority Student Achievement Task Force and Achieving Excellence in Learning (AEL). Maximizing Achievement of African-American Children in Kanawha County (MAACK) materials. Data on Kanawha County students.","Readings on teaching minority students, Ebonics. Maximizing Achievement of African-American Children in Kanawha County (MAACK) materials.","Notes and correspondence pertaining to the evaluation of the Black Mountain Youth Leadership Program at Berea College.","Letter from the Governor of Montana. Itineraries. Correspondence re: trip.","Matted print of D. Richardson's drawing of the WV Colored Children's Home.","This series includes eleven subseries which highlight Bickley's research on black history in West Virginia and to a smaller extent black history in general. The subseries include her work on black history for many West Virginia counties with her research being more extensive for Cabell, Jefferson, and Kanawha Counties which have their own subseries. The subseries for Research Notes and Collected Papers are: General, Biography; Cabell County, WV; Jefferson County, WV; Kanawha County, WV; Other WV Counties; Churches, Education; General; Organizations; Slavery; and the Underground Railroad.","Bickley researched a wide range of black history and black culture topics; for example, Aunt Jemima and the statue of a black boy as yard ornament, in addition to persons and events. The research provided background for her writings and was often incorporated into her works of fiction as well as historical accounts. Her papers include research notes and supporting sources on a wide range of topics with reference to black history and West Virginia black history.","Handwritten inventory of boxes with Post-it-Note \"Found AFTER boxing - This drawer-files are out of order so I don't know if it will be helpful. (Plus, my sister has horrible handwriting.\"","Post card from Mabel Hunter with Storer College Brackett Hall dorm room circled (1946). Photo of statue of Carter G. Woodson. 1850 mortality statistics for western section of Virginia.  Bulletin of the West Virginia State Teachers' Association , 1940. Program for the Mountain State Bar Association, Inc. Annual Awards Banquet, June 18, 1988. Partial transcript of \"Interview with Doris Miller, Huntington, WV\" regarding house purported to be on the underground railroad. Marriage records, 1869, Trinity Church, Parkersburg. \"Reading the Names\" program at Virginia Sate University of those lynched, 1868-1935; AB read the WV names, ca. 2011. Handwritten research notes. Notes on census slave records. Proposed black history highway markers, 2001. Newspaper clipping about Huntington Tuskegee Airmen, 2009. Email from Brucella Jordan requesting a recommendation; paragraph regarding the founding of the African American Heritage Family Tree Museum, 2010. Email from David Trobridge invitation to speak at Marshall University, 2011. Facsimile of pages from the Bureau of Negro Welfare and Statistics regarding the Episcopal Church in West Virginia. Roster of Negroes serving in state and local government, ca. 1968. \"The West Virginia Medical Society [Black].\" \"Slavery in Western Virginia\" (notes for an exhibit?)","Correspondence and research notes regarding the black history of Gallipolis, Ohio. Love story by Harry Dolphis Scott, Bidwell, Ohio. Typed lists from Carter G. Woodson's Free Negro Head of Families (1830), Town of Gallipolis.","Newspaper clippings from the Herald-Dispatch, 1981. Brochure: \"Graduates of Distinction: Michael Perry, Ancella Bickley\" from the Education Alliance, 2002","Various articles regarding blues music. Multiple facsimiles of \"Bessie Smith, 1898-1937, A Short Blues Anthology,\" 1971; one with annotations.","Various articles including the legend of Jocko, subject of a lawn ornament, and a 1971 black history calendar by Raymond W. Lowry which highlights achievements.","2 nd Annual John Henry Festival, Clifftop, West Virginia: Herbs and Traditional Medicine [by] Roscoe Leonard.","Typewritten paper about spirituals","Journal, newspaper, and magazine articles about black history, Carter G. Woodson, Nelson Bickley, and the methyl isocyanate leak in Institute, 1984.","Prospective Sites Relating to Black History in Canada  by William N. T. Wylie, June 1994.","Research materials regarding the holiday, Juneteenth, which celebrates the Emancipation Proclamation. Text of two speeches.","\"The Black Literary Tradition of West Virginia: A Bio-Critical Survey\" [by] Leonard J. Deutsch","The booklet (2 copies) \"History of African-American Miners in Appalachian Coal Fields: Black History Month, February, 2000\" Funeral program for Ulysses Grant Carter, teacher at Kimball High School.  A Saga of Service: A History of the Mining Extension Service of West Virginia State College, 1937-1957  by Cecile M. McCormick and U.G. Carter.","Facsimiles of pages from reports from the WV Bureau of Negro Welfare and Statistics.","Correspondence and attached materials from Sara J. Sow re: blacks in Gallia County, Ohio. \"Why We Celebrate Our Culture and Church\" about churches in Lawrence County, Ohio.","Correspondence with and writings of James Fisher, Berkeley County.","Background research notes and materials about Cuba.  National Geographic  article \"Evolution in the Revolution: CUBA.\" Poems by or translated by Nelson A. Ossorio.","Correspondence with Joan C. Browning re: content for the Henrietta Marie exhibit; white women in the civil rights movement. Biography. Resume. Newspaper clippings; article \"Invisible Revolutionaries: White Women in Civil Rights Historiography.\" Program and other materials for the WVU panel for the Rush Holt History Conference. Commentary from John Raines re: J. Browning and David Mussat's contributions to the RDH Conference; annotated JB paper \"Religion Gave Me Power to Witness\" and David Mussat's paper \"Sticks and Stone: an Interpretation of Power and Religion in the Movement.\"","Research materials on many aspects of WV Black history including newspaper clippings, scholarly articles, meeting programs, and the text of an Odd Fellows speech.","\"Negro Coal Miners in West Virginia, 1875-1925\" from the  Midwest Journal , 1954. Reprint of \"Negro Migration to the Mining Fields of West Virginia\" from the  Proceedings, West Virginia Academy of Sciences , 1936.","Handwritten research notes. Research materials re: WV history. Typed notes on WV black history. 1955 newspaper article re: integration of schools.","Correspondence regarding black WV historical markers. Resignation as a Commissioner for the WV Division of Culture and History. Program for Roosevelt Junior High School Award Assembly, June 2, 2000; Bickley is on the program for the East End History Essay.","Programs for West Virginia Conference on Black History at the First Baptist Church in Charleston, April 22-23, 1988, and the Eighth Annual Conference on West Virginia's Black History at Marshall University, November 10-11, 1995","Web page print out of article about Silas Green in minstrel show.","\"Fifth U.S. Colored Infantry\" by John F. Walter, rev. 1998. Includes information on Ohio and WV blacks.","\"Negro Participants in the Fields of the Theatre and Music Plus Associated Enterprises: Period: 1920-1960\" by Dr. Douglass T. Murray. Booklet for The National [Negro] Opera [Company].","Paper titled \" School Desegregation Since  Brown  (1954): 30-Year Perspective\" by Franklin Parker, WVU Professor of Education, 1984. Two pages of annotated text of a speech about education of black West Virginians, [delivered at WVU].  Daily Athenaeum  article re: interview Nelson Bickley about discrimination in housing in Morgantown, 1971. Program for \"The West Virginia Experience in Higher Education: an Historical Perspective\" at WVU, 1984, when AB was on a panel. Facsimile of the pamphlet \"The Black Student at WVU\" 1971-72. Correspondence from the Ohio University Press re: manuscript review of the book  Memphis Tennessee Garrison  by William H. Turner, 1999. \"History of DuBois High School\" from a book. Map of slave plantations in Wood County, Va. Map of Underground Railroad routes to Canada, 1898.","Email correspondence primarily between AB and her daughter Ancella Livers re: access to WWII Soldiers' letters at the New York Public Library. Email from Della [Hardman?] re: Belle Powell and Ravella Hughes.","Includes biographical material for many people of interested to Bickley. Types of material include correspondence, handwritten notes, clippings and articles, photographs, various facsimiles, and more. Subjects of research notes and collected materials include: Carter G. Woodson, Dick Pointer, Henry Louis \"Skip\" Gates, Memphis Tennessee Garrison, John Henry, Ravella Hughes, John Wesley Harris, Maude Beatrice Bell Plowden, Della Brown Taylor, Bessie Yancey, Mollie Gabe (Mary Elizabeth Johnson), Elizabeth Simpson Drewry, J. McHenry Jones, Stonewall Jackson, Gwen McMillion Bingham, and William Cathay. Additional topics include: blacks in WV literature; black women; Tuskegee Airmen including John L. Whitehead, Jr. and William Lee Hill; and black WV legislators. Biographical information is also included in the Interviews and Oral History Interviews series.","Newspaper clippings. Partial notes [speech] J. McHenry Jones including John R. Clifford, Christopher Payne, and black legislators. Pages from a 1913 Congressional hearing on \"Conditions in the Paint Creek District, West Virginia\" with conditional pardon of Dan Chain highlighted. Memo, 1/18/03, from Alfonzo Dalton regarding interview with Ben Carson who was a Republican candidate for the US President in 2016.","Letter to researcher Sean Duff, November 19, 2012, and attached information regarding J. McHenry Jones and Wheeling. Letter to researcher L. Morris Jones, May 3, 1989. Newspaper clipping of article about  Hearts of Gold  which was written by J. McHenry Jones (JMJ). Various versions of \"James McHenry Jones: a Monologue\" by Ancella R. Bickley. Full and partial \"J. McHenry Jones, 1859-1909.\" Text of newspaper article about JMJ's opposition to the Evans Jim Crow Bill, February 14, 1907. Research notes including Jones family history. Facsimile of pages from  History of the Jones Family  by John L. Jones.","Research notes on Guion Bluford (?). Ed White, sculptor, biography. Facsimile of pages from the children's book  Black Stars in Orbit , [1995]","Correspondence between NB and The Association for the Study of Negro Life and History, Incorporated regarding preservation of the Carter G. Woodson house in Huntington. Correspondence between Carter G. Woodson and his sister, Bessie Woodson Yancey, regarding upkeep of the house.","Research materials on Dick Pointer, black Indian War hero, for an article for the  Journal of the Greenbrier Historical Society ; the article; handwritten notes; various versions of the article. Research notes. Facsimile of a painting by S. Ross Browne, 1993.","Correspondence with Henry Louis \"Skip\" Gates, Jr. Newspaper clipping: MU Commencement.","Correspondence with Adolphus Young regarding black West Virginia women, particularly MTG.","Washington Post  article \"In Quest of the Historical John Henry\" by Hank Burchard, August 24, 1969. Press release by Kyle McCormick, WV Dept. of Archives and History, 1957.  WV Hillbilly , June 23, 1979, \"A Salute to John Henry.\"","Handwritten notes about John Matheus, WVSC professor; his curriculum vitae, ca. 1953; reprint of an article from the  CLA Journal  by him, 1972.","Research notes about Revella Hughes","Research notes about William Hill for  Goldenseal  article about Tuskegee Airmen.","Research on John Brown including materials from the National Parks Service's John Brown Conference, 2000; an annotated Langston Hughes' poem \"October 16;\" and \"A Psychological Examination of John Brown.\"","Two newspaper clippings: one about Fannie Cobb Carter and one about Memphis Tennessee Garrison","Obituary and other information about Major General Charles \"Jackie\" Calvin Rogers. Documents regarding the naming of a United States Army Reserve Center for him. Text of NB's speech.","Goldenseal  article about John Wesley Harris. Facsimile of newspaper clipping about Maude Beatrice Bell Plowden.","Transcript of interview with AB by Ohio State University's WOSU about Della Brown Taylor [Hardman], a graduate of Garnet High School, artist, and teacher at WVSC.","Research notes. Transcript of conversation with Bruce Rogers regarding Aunt Jemima and Bruce Family history. Facsimiles of newspaper articles regarding Aunt Jemima.","Background research about the Sargent School of Physical Education; Sydney Taylor Brown who graduated from there and then WVSC; black women in the American Red Cross; and black women's service in WWII.  American Legacy , Winter 1999. Research notes.","Facsimile of pages from  History of the American Negro,  W.Va. Edition, vol. VII, [edited] by [A. D.] Caldwell.","Print outs of web pages regarding the Tuskegee Airmen. Photograph of monument in Walterboro, SC. Newspaper clippings.","Research materials pertaining to Carter G. Woodson including: journal and magazine articles; facsimile of book pages; newspaper clippings; and a masters degree thesis. Text of speeches and programs for speeches by both AB and NB. Invitation to a reception to honor Sen. and Mrs. John F. Kennedy in Huntington, April 20, 1960.","Poems, correspondence, and other writings by Bessie Yancey, Carter G. Woodson's sister. Photocopies of journal articles and WV Collegiate Institute publications. Special Carter G. Woodson issue of  Community,  published by Friendship House, Winter 1970. Issue of  The Journal of Negro History , July 1968.","Research materials on Mollie Gabe, also known as Mary Elizabeth Johnson, midwife from Falls Mill, Braxton County.","Research materials about John P. Parker, a former slave who was active in the UGRR in Ohio. Parker was also an inventor and a business man.","Research materials about Elizabeth Simpson Drewry, McDowell County representative to the WV House of Delegates.","Letters to Bessie W. Yancey, CGW's sister. Research materials. Poem \"The Forgotten Boys.\" Correspondence re: restoration of the CGW home. Carter G. Woodson Memorial Committee and Foundation materials. Text of speech by AB. CGW stamps. Dedication of statue of CGW. Correspondence re: Ann Eliza Riddle Woodson family property. CGW genealogy prepared by Nelson Barnett, Jr. Letter from CGW to Bessie Woodson Yancey. Text of paper \"Carter G. Woodson: the West Virginia Connection.\" Photographs of CGW and kin.","Correspondence from CGW to Bessie W. Yancey, re: house in Huntington, 1941. Book contract between Bessie W. Yancey for  Echoes in the Hills  and CGW's company, The Associated Publishers, 1939. Letter re: book to CGW from BWY, 1939. Letter from John W. Davis, President WVSC, to BWY, 1945, re: Nelson Bickley. Letter from BWY to Louis R. Mehlinger re: loss of two brothers, 1950. Envelope, no contents, from Joel A Rogers, 1951. Envelope, no contents, from The Associated Publishers, 1958. Photographic negative of BWY.","Research materials including newspaper clippings, correspondence, articles, and research notes on Carter G. Woodson; Bessie W. Yancey; Black History Month; restoration of the Woodson home; and the Woodson family. Annotated copy of the paper \"Carter G. Woodson: the West Virginia Connection.\" Facscimiles of Otis Woodson and CGW photos. Photo of Bessie Woodson Yancey and letter from BWY to CGW re: poetry. Edited entry for CGW from  The Encyclopedia of Black America . List of WV Collegiate Institutue, 1920/21 and 1921/22. Facsimile of correspondence between CGW and BWY re: house.","Research materials on J. McHenry Jones including facsimiles of obituaries; other newspaper clippings; and transcriptions of clippings. Photo of Hazlewood Assembly Hall. Notes [speech?] on JMJ. Timeline with sources. Paper about JMJ by AB. Jones family history.","Pages copied from book  The Hidden Years of Stonewall Jackson  purporting that he fathered a black child. From Merle Moore.","Research materials on Tuskegee Airmen including John L. Whitehead, Jr. and William Lee Hill.","Text of a speech? \"African Americans in the West Virginia Legislature.\" Letter from C.A. Blankenship to  The Negro History Bulletin  adding names of Negroes who served in the WV Legislature, 1964. \"West Virginia's Black Female Legislators\" ca. 1991. Facsimile of photo with caption: \"President Harry S. Truman being shown a copy of America's first Black pictorial magazine. [There is some question which came first  Color  or  Ebony]  Left to right: Sippi Coleman, Pres. Truman, W.VA. Congressman, Dr. I.J.K. Wells Editor and Publisher of Color,\" ca. 1948. Newspaper clipping of article re: female legislators, 1998.","Facsimile of photo of \"Gabriel, Pardoned by VA Governor Tim Kaine, June 26, 2007.\" Research notes. Paper \"Major General Gwen McMillion Bingham,\" ca. 2011 with newspaper clipping. Facsimile of unidentified photograph of woman in uniform. Paper \"'Who Was William Cathay?' adapted from a piece in the St. Louis Daily Times, January 2, 1876.\" Poem \"Cathay Williams,\" 1997. Facsimile of enlarged photo of face of unidentified soldier. Summary/timeline for Cathay Williams/William Cathay.","Draft of \"Elizabeth Simpson Drewry, 1894-1979\"","Covers a wide range of topics on the history of Cabell County; Huntington, WV; and adjacent Ohio counties. Notable are Nelson Barnett's transcriptions of late 19th century Huntington newspaper articles regarding blacks. Also included are newspaper clippings, monographs, photos, biographies, and interviews about veterans, church history, education, organizations, and more.","\"References and Briefs to Miscellaneous Newspaper Articles, [June 15, 1872-October 21, 1898, and June 4, 1922-May 20, 1928]\" compiled by Nelson Barnett, Jr., 1988, from Huntington newspapers.","\"Black Veterans of World War I from Cabell County, W.Va., 1918.\" \"Past Imperfect, 1902: Articles of Interest, [Nov. 13, 1901-Dec. 31, 1901]\" compiled by Nelson Barnett, Jr. from Huntington newspapers.","\"Past-Imperfect, 1901: Articles of Interest, [Jan. 7, 1901-May 28, 1901]\" compiled by Nelson Barnett, Jr. from Huntington newspapers","Resources about blacks in Huntington and Cabell County. Includes a bibliography of  Goldenseal  articles about blacks. Other resources are church histories, listings of names, facsimiles of book chapters and papers, newspaper clippings, interviews, handwritten research notes, and more.","\"Progress of the Huntington Negro\" by Prof. J. W. Scott","\"A Black History of Huntington\" by Edna Duckworth, 1976. Genealogy for Edna Duckworth. \"Biohistrogenetics Project Proposal\" to the Carter G. Woodson Memorial Foundation, 1996-1997; Duckworth is listed as the visionary.","Marriage records, late 19th century, Cabell County.","Correspondence with Clara Knight. Facsimiles of Greenbottom Church, Huntington, records listing black members. Records regarding John Ball freeing his slaves, 1793. Map of Millersport, OH, 1887.","Correspondence with Bill Lindsay re: blacks in Huntington and Pocahontas County","Two newspaper clippings: one about Nellie Fransisco [sic] and AB's research about blacks on the Ohio River.","\"A Black History of Huntington\" by Edna Duckworth, [1976]. Census data for black families in Lawrence County, Ohio; 1850, 1860.","Photos of black workers in C\u0026O shop including Anderson Radford, AB's grandfather. Correspondence; transcription of newspaper articles; research notes; biographical sketches; photos of Goodes; newspaper clippings; church histories and programs; facsimiles of book pages; transcription of interviews; and bibliography.","Research notes. Photos. Paper \"Black People and the Huntington Experience.\" Project, \"A Sojourn for Truth: Revisiting Black History Along the Ohio River,\" overview. Research materials re: Huntington, Cabell County, and parts of Ohio. Transcript of interview with Suzette Spencer. \"The West Virginia Colored Children's Home\" by Ancella R. Bickley. \"Poke Patch/Black Fork, Ohio\"","Research notes on Douglass School. Typewritten notes on Douglass School, 1891-1924. Notes from conversation with Nellie Francisco. Handwritten transcription of article, 1902.","Covers research about blacks in Charlestown and Harpers Ferry as well as other locations in Jefferson County. Materials include obituaries, school histories, correspondence, cemetery records, research notes, and more about school integration, Storer College, slave collars, Fisherman's Hall, and more.","Research materials regarding blacks in Charlestown. Obituary for former slave George Jenkins in Huntington, 1917.","Paper about St. Philip's parochial school by James A. Tolbert. Materials re: Sons of Confederate Veterans tablet in Harper's Ferry. Other research materials re: Jefferson County and Charlestown.","Photos of a slave collar. Correspondence re: acquiring the collar for the Henrietta slave ship exhibit.","Correspondence with James Tolbert re: black CCC camp, McDowell County; Black History Conference; Fisherman's Hall, Charlestown, restoration; Harewood Cemetery, Jefferson County; marker for Martin Delany, Charlestown.","Research materials re: Harpers Ferry, the National Park, and Storer College.","Typewritten text of speech at Shepherd College, 2004. Transcript \"Discussion of Integration of Schools in Jefferson County: Jim Tolbert.\"","Handwritten research notes mostly re: John Brown and Harpers Ferry, ca. 2000.","Covers research about blacks in the WV Capitol, Charleston, and other locations in Kanawha County. Topics covered include slavery in the salt industry, biographies, wine cellars, and buildings. Contents include correspondence, facsimiles of documents, research papers, obituaries, newspaper clippings and more.","Research materials about slavery in West Virginia with focus on Kanawha County and the salt industry","Research materials on black attorney Thomas Gillis Nutter.","Research materials on Charleston, WV including: \"Unpublished Black History in the Early Kanawha Valley\" by William D. Wintz; \"Blacks in Charleston, West Virginia: A Survey of Their Presence in the Community and Occupational and Residential Patterns in the Early 1900s\" by Mary Johnson, WVU student. Research materials regarding Oscar Wayman Holmes, the first African American naval aviator and obituaries for C.H. James, prominent black businessman. Text of speech, \"Black People in Charleston,\" 1994.","Research materials on the Dutch Hollow wine cellars in Dunbar.","Documents regarding Samuel W. Starks and the Starks House in Charleston. Correspondence regarding its being put on the National Register of Historic Places.","Correspondence with Eugene Washington re: Phillis Wheatley School and Albert G. Brown, architect.","Excludes Cabell, Jefferson, and Kanawha Counties which have separate subseries. Includes research materials about slavery, school integration, lynching, historic homes, and more researched by Bickley for these counties: Wayne, McDowell, Harrison, Greenbrier, Hardy, Fayette, Monongalia, Upshur, Wood, and Monroe; as well as the cities of Bluefield, Buckhannon, Keystone, Weirton, Weston, and Wheeling. Research materials include photographs, correspondence, brochures, newspaper clippings, book pages, articles, interviews, and more.","Various documents regarding blacks in Wayne County, WV; the Livisay family; writings by Tim R. Massey, 1981; the Lindsey family; photograph and negatives of a photograph of a black family.","Research materials on McDowell County, WV, with focus on the towns of Keystone and Keystone. Letters and notes from Adolphus A. Young, Jr.","Program for \"Freedom Is a Struggle: Glimpses of African-American Life in the Greenbrier Valley of [West] Virginia.\" Brochure \"Black Historic Sites in Lewisburg, West Virginia.\"","Newspaper clipping about Sarah Hall, black lawyer. Facsimiles of research materials. \"The History of the Negro in McDowell County and in West Virginia Leading Up to and Including the Integration of Schools\" by Dr. Douglass T. Murray. Typewritten notes from Adolphus Young, Jr. Correspondence with Alphonso Dalton, Jr. regarding MTG and black McDowell County families","Facsimile of 1952 newspaper article regarding slaves listed in 1848 Harrison County tax book. Slave owners are listed and includes Nathan Goff.","Paper, author unidentified, regarding lynching in WV. Research materials about slaves in Greenbrier County","Correspondence regarding letter from a slave asking to be purchased by Stump family [1851]. Facsimile of letter.","Research notes and resources regarding Glenwood, historic home in Charleston. Clarksburg newspaper article of reminiscences of a former slave, Ann Freeman and others. Clarksburg newspaper article regarding Union Veterans Association.","Research materials for Fayette County including contacts list, newspaper articles, maps, facsimiles of pages from books, student research paper, church histories, handwritten research notes, and grant applications. Correspondence with and Lucille Meadows and her handwritten reminiscences.","Newspaper articles, facsimiles of historical records. Partial manuscript for  To Be Black in Fayette  and annotated pages. \"Black Politics in Fayette County, West Virginia, 1896-1918\" by Daniel Wright. Text of speech by Daniel Wright. Brochure titled \"Camp Washington-Carver: a Compendium of the First African-American 4-H Camp.\"","Research materials and research notes:  Monongalia Blacks Speak : Women, Part II and Men, Part I, Holland family, schools. Interview with Grace Edwards Waters.","Research materials about Weirton.","Research materials about Upshur County. Facsimiles of articles written by R.H. Ralston, Sr. regarding Buckhannon's black history; newspaper clippings. \"A History of Blacks in Buckhannon: The Recollections of Harriet Warfield,\" an interview with Harriet Warfield, 1977.","Research materials regarding blacks in Wheeling. \"Wheeling's Black Population: A General Perspective\" written and presented by Darryl Clausell, Pat Dudley, with contributors Kathryn Snead and Dorothy Cooper, 1990. Correspondence with Margaret Brennan. Photo of AB, Pat Dudley, Brennan, and Annie Tanks at an Oral History Seminar in Wheeling.","Correspondence regarding Memphis Tennessee Garrison. Research materials on Gary and other McDowell County locales: newspaper clippings,  Goldenseal  article.","Papers by Wheeling Jesuit Students Joel Michael Coulson and Beau Conway.","Research resources regarding blacks in Fayette County, WV, including transcripts of oral history interviews with Lucille Meadows, Mrs. Turner, Charista Davis, Lula Lall Jones, Rosa Roach and Jessie Barrett; correspondence, church histories and programs. Includes Smoot family information.","Transcripts of interviews with Alease Watkins, David W. Turner, Russell Lee Matthews, and Elsie Choice Hopkins. Also, includes research notes, newspaper clippings, a grant application, facsimiles of book pages, and correspondence.","Photo of Lomax Hospital in Bluefield. Brochures for Afro-Appalachian Performance Company. Correspondence with Joseph Bundy re: history alive performances. Research materials about black Bluefield hospitals.","Correspondence with Ray Swick re: blacks in Wood County. Research notes. Correspondence with the Wood County Bicentennial Commission re: speech.","Court record for  Mullens v. County Court , 1932. Facsimile of WV entry from  100 Years of Lynchings  by Ralph Ginzburg. \"The Greenbrier County Lynching: a Study of West Virginian Justices\" by Ancella Bickley Livers. \"'Reading the Names,' Program at Virginia State University.\"","Research notes re: Parkersburg black history. Facsimile of letter and transcription of letter from ex-slave Isaac Fairfax to George Washington Henderson.","Letter from Charles (Charley) Goddard re: Greenbrier County history and Sharlotta Gardner contact information.","Copy of photo and negative of lynching. Photos of black children. Note from Maurice Allman, Hacker's Creek Pioneer Descendants. Transcripts of  Weston Democrat  articles re: 1892 lynching of Edgar Jones. Transcripts re: 1910 lynching. Research notes on these incidents. Application for the Weston Colored School to be placed on the National Register of Historical Places. Research notes re: Weston State Hospital. Correspondence re: dedication of the Central West Virginia Genealogical and Historical Library, formerly the Weston Colored School. Handwritten transcription of interview with Rahleen Gardner who attended the School. Transcript of conversation with Mrs. Joy Gilchrist, 1992.","Transcripts of interviews with Mr. Waldo Lacy and Mrs. Gladys Lacy. Facsimile of newspaper article of speech by T.J. Ferguson, 1870. Research materials on the Sumner School. History of Parkersburg from Bernie Allen. Facsimile of books pages, newspaper articles, and transcription of newspaper articles. Parkersburg Art Center brochure featuring Joseph Eldridge Dodd. Text for slide show (no slides). Typewritten outline of \"Parkersburg Study.\"","Facsimiles of newspaper articles. Correspondence with Ray Swick, Blennerhassett Island State Park. Research materials about blacks in Wood County. Research notes. \"A History of Sumner School\" written by Sally Browning, 1996.  The Island Packet  from the Friends of Blennerhassett Island.","Background research on blacks in Monroe County. Correspondence with Fawn Valentine and Presidents of the Monroe County Historical Society. \"Bishop Matthew W. Clair, Sr.: a Biography\" by Dr. Margaret B. Ballard, 1973.","Includes programs, bulletins, correspondence, research notes, and histories of black West Virginia churches in Fayetteville, Charleston, Charlestown, Fairmont, St. Albans, Parkersburg, Huntington, and Alderson. Also includes a history of churches and lodges in West Virginia as well as histories of the Odd Fellows, Knights of Pythias, and the Galilean Fisherman lodges. Denominations represented include African Methodist Episcopal, Episcopalian, and Baptist.","Correspondence with Lucile S. Meadows regarding help with the Second Baptist Church, Fayetteville, Centennial; racial tolerance in schools","\"125th Anniversary Journal\" First Baptist Church, February 1, 1868-February 28, 1993, Charleston, WV","Time line for black Episcopalians in WV. \"The First Hundred Years: a History of St. Philip's Episcopal Church, Charles Town.\" Research notes and sources. Humanities Foundation of WV grant application by Florita Montgomery to study the history of St. Phillips' Episcopal Church. Information on the Trinity Church in Parkersburg. Photograph including some black congregants.","1907 Weekly Bulletin of Diamond St. M.E. Church in Fairmont","Book titled  Miracle on B Street Continues  about St. Paul Baptist Church's (St. Albans) 131st anniversary.","Letter re: slide presentation at the Young Chapel African American Methodist Episcopal Church. Program for the 94th Church Anniversary. Handwritten time line and other notes. Booklet of photographs, text of Bickley's speech, newspaper clipping.","\"Black Churches and Lodges in West Virginia in Their Infancy, 1865-1900\" by J. Reuben Sheeler. \"History of Bright Hope Lodge #9, F.\u0026A.M. and - P.H.A. Montgomery WV.\" Facsimile of pages \"Introduction and Growth of the Grand United States Order of Odd Fellows in America.\" Notes \"Knights of Pythias of West Virginia History\" researched by James A. Tolbert. Notes about \"Grand United Order of the Galilean Fisherman\" compiled by Ann Wilson.","Email correspondence with Adrienne Belafonte re: a newspaper article about the Shiloh Baptist Church in Alderson. Clipping of the article.","Program for First Baptist Church 125th Anniversary, 1997. Program for installation of Rev. William F. Buchanan, First Baptist Church, 1988.","Includes newspaper clippings, text for presentations, correspondence, research notes, articles, commencement programs, interviews and more about state and national teachers' organizations, historically black WV colleges including West Virginia State College and West Virginia University, integration of schools, histories of specific schools, the Kanawha County textbook controversy, and more.","Newspaper articles: WV Education Association (WVEA) Executive Committee meeting, the National Education Association (NEA) and the need for minority teachers; and recommendations from the Black Caucus,  WV School Journal , December 15, 1973. Photograph of Blacks in auditorium seating, ca. 1950s","Multiple facsimiles of a post card picturing Albert Long, \"Bertie\" -- Aunt Onie's Son. West Virginia State College Commencement Programs: 1948, 1950, 1951","Information sheets and travel plans for trip to Egypt, July 5, 1987, sponsored by WVSC. Passport and Visa information written on folder.","Various versions of text for a multi-media program on the history of West Virginia State College (WVSC) and Institute, WV","Letter to Edmonia Grider from Marjorie [Counts] regarding the Hilltop School, October 7, 1974.","Manuscript discussing integration and black teachers in WV, author unknown. Speech (?) regarding school integration. Research notes. Annotated speech: \"Black Education in West Virginia\" delivered in Shepherdstown.","Research materials on the integration of WV schools: facsimiles of WV newspaper articles regarding integration of schools; \"How Black Students Saw Themselves through the Decades of Change at Bluefield State College (founded in 1895) as It Changed from Predominately Black Institution to a Predominantly White Institution\" by James Worsham","Program for the Alpha Delta Chapter, Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc. 19th annual Jabberwock, March 16th, 1949. Dance invitation, 1948. WVSC Commencement program, 1949. Washington Alumni Chapter banquet, 1976, to roast John W. Davis. Newspaper articles","Vocational and Educational Survey for the Kanawha County Negro Schools  by Andrew H. Calloway, 1945.","Correspondence, photos, newsletter, and newspaper clippings regarding the Douglass High School (Huntington) Reunion. Notes on class of 1947. Newspaper clipping regarding NB. Photo YWCA Y-Teens, Douglas High School, Christmas, 1946.","Research notes on schools in Keyser and Piedmont, WV, including a facsimile of book pages from  Howard School: a History, 1877-1955 regarding a black student strike for a better school in 1939. Notes on interview with Alberta Coleman, Piedmont, WV. Notes from interview with Opal Coates Carter, and other research notes, regarding Woolworth Fire, Charleston, WV, [ca. 1964s].","Compilation, by R. Charles Byers, of resources regarding WV black schools.","Annotated pages for \"Integration in West Virginia\"","Bulletin of West Virginia State College , Series 21, no. 1, June 1933. \"Why Choose West Virginia State College\"","Affirmative action statistics for Bluefield State College, 1984. \"Pride and Preservation: West Virginia State College\" seminars which included Alex Haley as a speaker, 1979. Newspaper article re: archives at West Virginia State College, 1979.  Southern Rural Women's Network Newsletter , June, 1983. Photograph of Alex Haley with inscription and signed letter from Alex Haley to NB, 1970.","Research notes and materials for research on education in Mason County, WV","Research materials regarding the Lincoln School in Wheeling, WV","West Virginia State College Bulletin , April 1941, Series 28, No. 2. Handwritten transcription of an article in  The Advocate , 1907.","Program for One Hundred Fifth Commencement, Huntington High School, 1971. Photo of AB, West Virginia State College Commencement, May 17, 1986.","Report of the Twenty-first Annual NEA Conference on Human and Civil Rights in Education , 1983, including paper by AB on the Kanawha County textbook controversy and censorship.","Facsimile of a brief historical sketch of Storer College, 1867-1891, by Kate J. Anthony, 1891.","Newspaper clippings and other sources relating to the West Virginia Seminary and College and the Hilltop Baptist Center.","\"Integration in Reverse at West Virginia State College\" by Elizabeth Duran and James A. Duran, Jr.","Correspondence, interviews, newspaper clippings, and facsimiles of photos re: WVSC's East Hall. Research notes.","WV Humanities Council grant application for a presentation on black education in Parkersburg. Research materials and notes. Handwritten and typed notes from interviews with Mrs. Dorsey, Mr. James Emondson, Mrs. Hattie Gazelle Turner, and Mrs. Elizabeth Mitchell. Particular focus on the Sumner School.","Photo slides of WVSC buildings, presidents, etc. Post cards of WVSC buildings and Institute. Note cards from a lecture. Research materials on all aspects of WVSC history.","Research materials on many aspects of WVSC history including faculty information. Includes these publications: \"ROTC in Review: 40 Years of Tradition;\" \"West Virginia State College Glee Club;\" Alumni Association, Los Angeles Chapter, Scholarship Luncheon program, 1989;","Program for Convocation and Dedication of the Harold Maceo McNeill Physical Facilities Plant, WVSC, 1999.","Letter from AB re: retirement of Justine Gutzmer; retirement announcement for Gerald Cote, Beatrice Dupass, Gutzmer, and Darthulia Jones. Facsimile of WWII death notice of Oliver Johnson to his parents and his obituary. Johnson was Gutzmer's brother.","Booklet of texts and order of ceremonies for the WVSC commencement program, 1985.","Includes background research on the Montgomery Woman's Improvement League, the West Virginia Federation of Colored Women's Clubs, Alpha Omicron Omega Chapter of the Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, the Mountain State Bar Association, and the West Virginia Medical Society. Research materials include a yearbook, programs, correspondence, a members list, and more.","Montgomery Woman's Improvement League Year Book , 1955-56 and 1960-61. Program for West Virginia State Federation of Colored Women's Clubs, Inc. Annual Convention, 1959. Newspaper photojournalism article regarding the College Alumni Club 50th anniversary history booklet. Program for the Annual Debutante Ball sponsored by Alpha Omicron Omega Chapter, Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, 1958. Correspondence with Katherine Atwater regarding resources.","Program for the Annual Meeting and Awards Banquet of the Mountain State Bar Association, 1985. List of members, 1986.","Paper titled \"The West Virginia Medical Society [Black]\" Article: \"Historically Black Medical Colleges: From Scorn to Success\" from  The Boule Journal , 2004.","This subseries includes maps, research papers, newspaper clippings, letters, census data, newspaper articles, facsimiles of historical slave documents, and more. Other materials regarding slavery can be found in county subseries and the Underground Railroad Subseries.","West Virginia map. \"Number of Slaves in Counties Which Became WV\" 1850, 1860. Typescript of  Historical Atlas of West Virginia  by Frank S. Riddel.","Handwritten notes on John Marshall; Marshall and slavery; Marshall and Robin Spurlock, his servant. Typed observations. Resource materials.","Facsimiles of legislation and resolutions to abolish slavery; and a list of representatives at the state convention in Wheeling.","Research materials. Typewritten manuscript[s] by James Oliver Horton. Codes for occupations. Copy of newspaper article.","Newspaper clipping and multiple facsimiles of an article about a slave breeding farm in Greenup, KY.","Research materials about slaves in Ohio Valley plantations and adjacent WV counties. Photocopies of photographs of Mary and plantation sites.","Facsimiles of: newpaper slave ads; Virginia law re: Kanawha Slave Insurance Company; Dunsmore's Proclamation freeing slaves; Va. Law to send slave to Liberia; slaves in Bunker Hill; New York Times article re: slave uprising; and drawing of [Harpers Ferry]. Harpers Ferry National Historical Park Afro-American materials. \"History of Gerrardstown\" in  The Berkeley Journal . Handwritten list of properties, including slave names, of Richard B. Washington, [1864]. Letter of transmittl and facsimile of bill of sale for slave, 18[4]5. Transcription of Rumsey-Polk letters re: slaves.","Handwritten research notes and research materials regarding reparations for slavery; text of NB speech; typewritten notes.","Annotated manuscript \"Compensatory Justice: Over Time and Between Groups\" by Renee A. Hill; text of introduction of a speech about reparations; newsapper clippings; web page print outs; articles.","West Virginia and Regional History Collection Newsletter  with articles re: slave letters.  West Virginia Then and Now  article re: John Brown's letter. Research re: images of blacks in journalism. Research notes.","Facsimile of tables of free Negro listings from 1830 census. \"Researching Virginia's Slave and Free Negro Records\"","Facsimile of newspaper article, 1934, re: Mount Pisgah Church, Proctorville, OH. \"The Way It Was…\" by Betty Burcham, a history of UGRR and Mount Pisgah Church. Facsimile of will of Eliza Goode freeing Sully Smith, her husband and her slave, 1848. Facsimile of two receipts for purchase of slaves, 1852. Research notes re: Ohio slaves and fugitives to WV.","This subseries includes text of a speech made by Bickley, books, slides, photographs, brochures, post cards, correspondence, maps, and more. The materials focus on parts of Ohio across the river from Huntington as well as West Virginia. Some topics are quilt codes, abolitionists, runaway slaves, location of Underground Railroad sites, and more.","Research materials about Serena Wilson and the book  Hidden in Plain View: The Secret Story of Quilts and the Underground Railroad.","Photos \"Trip to Doddridge County to visit Jaco Hill/cave - UGRR Site - w/Karen Nance, Sandra Moats, \u0026 Judy Wilinson, 6/20/01. Other research materials","Research materials on the Underground Railroad with focus on Ohio.","Brochures and post cards regarding the UGRR and the film \"Nightjohn.\" Correspondence with Margaret Brennan, organizer for the UGRR Summit in Wheeling. \"Reflections on the West Virginia UGRR Summit\" by Cathy D. Nelson; photo of AB speaking at the Summit and with Amanda Nelson and Sherry [Sowchuck].","Correspondence from Alicestyne Turley-Adams re: Underground Railroad Network Partnership.","Correspondence with Lucille Deberry and other research materials re: the UGRR, some in West Virginia.","Correspondence with Sandra Moats-Burke re: UGRR in WV counties.  Exploring a Common Past: Researching and Interpreting the Underground Railroad , 1998, 2nd ed. from the National Park Service. List of UGRR sites in WV.","Photograph slides, numbered and identified. Research materials mostly about Ohio. \"Draft Proposal to Establish a National Underground Commemorative, Interpretive, and Research Center, City of Huntington, West Virginia\" 1994. Itinerary for trip to Washington to meet with Interior Dept. officials and Robert C. Byrd's staff.","Book chapter \"In Gallia and Miegs Counties\" from  The Mysteries of Ohio's Underground Railroad  by Wilbur Henry Siebert, 1951. Facsimile of handwritten narrative by an abolitionist, [1892]. Facsimile of letter from R. C. Rankin re: father Rev. John Rankin, 1892. Research notes on WV runaway slaves. Facsimile of letter to Daniel ? to Cyrus Little re: UGRR, 1894. Map of UGRR, 1860. Requests for copies from the Siebert papers. More facsimiles of records.","Background materials on the Underground Railroad in Ohio.","Research materials including newspaper clippings and research notes on the Underground Railroad","Research materials re: the Underground Railroad. Research notes.","Facsimiles of documents pertaining to slaves in Jefferson County, VA. Itinerary for Underground Railroad tours [Ohio?].  The Escape of Jane: a True Story of the Underground Railroad  by Henry Burke \u0026 Dick Croy. Henry Robert Burke correspondence. Brochure on Henderson Hall, Wood County. Dick Croy correspondence and resume. Newspaper articles by Burke. \"Black Cultural Sites in West Virginia\" compiled by Michael Pauley and Peter Jesus, 1990","Correspondence with Sandra Moats-Burke re: UGRR. WV and county maps. Facsimile of pages from \"From the Charles River Shire, 1634-1643, to the Present Day Counties: Harrison, Doddridge, Ritchie, Wood, Pleasants and Tyler\" by Barr Wilson. Research materials on the UGRR. Research notes. \"The Anti-Slavery Movement in West Virginia,\" a speech delivered by Sandra Moats Burke.","Research materials re: quilts and the Underground Railroad, 2001-2011. Notes re: Eliza Farrow, 2005. Paper \"The UGRR Quilt Code\" by Leigh Fellner. Research notes; newspaper clipping; facsimile of web page and transcription of story in an email \"Secret Quilt Code on Exhibit until 10/6,\" 2012; and September 2012 issue of Underground Railroad Free Press.\" Mini-grant for UGRR quilts materials, 2013.","Underground Railroad: Official National Park Handbook .","Includes manuscripts and publications for books; plays and reenactor monologues; short stories; magazine and scholarly articles; and other forms of writing in both print and handwriting. Five subseries encompass the various genres of her writing. Also includes background and research materials for the subjects for her writings, both fiction and non-fiction.","Includes research materials for topics of articles. Subjects and formats treated are: encyclopedia entries in the biographical dictionary African American Architects; drafts and final versions of entries for both people and institutions for the West Virginia Encyclopedia; drafts and final versions of articles about Molly Gabe and Carter G. Woodson for Appalachian Heritage; newspaper articles for the Charleston (WV) Gazette Mail and Village Neighbors (FL) on a number of topics including George Wesley Atkinson, 10th governor of West Virginia, but especially for Black History Month and its founder Carter G. Woodson; Goldenseal articles about a Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) camp, Jessie Moon Thomas, Edward Greer, the Charleston Women's Improvement League, Memphis Tennessee Garrison, and West Virginia's Tuskegee Airmen; contribution to a symposium on diversity and change for Appalachian youth; and a study guide for a Charleston, WV, performance of Zora Neale Hurston's Spunk.","Articles by Ancella Bickley from the  Goldenseal Magazine","Correspondence regarding use of the Goldenseal article \"Camp War: Remembering CCC Company 3538-C\" in an online education guide by the WV State Museum.","Annotated manuscript and research notes for Goldenseal article \"Education and Activism in Gary: a Visit with Jessie Moon Thomas.\" Correspondence with Mrs. Thomas including notes on the Froe and Moon families.","Issue of the journal  Appalachian Heritage  containing AB article \"Profiles: Mollie Gabe\" by Ancilla  [sic]  Bickley.","\"Remembering Carter G. Woodson, the 'Father of Black History'\" in  Village Neighbors , [a publication of the Village in Florida where the Bickley's resided.] Typed notes on Carter G. Woodson. Transcription of letter from Bessie Woodson Yancey, CGW's sister, including text of the poem \"If You Live in West Virginia.\" CGW black history quiz prepared for the Spicy Ladies meeting.","Typed text of autobiographical musings about friendship: likens travel in the south in 1952 to the Underground Railroad travel; and includes details about the move to Morgantown in 1966.","Correspondence with  Goldenseal  regarding \"Edward Greer: First Black General from West Virginia\" and potential story about 1939 black student strike in Piedmont, WV. Manuscripts for Greer article.","Correspondence and drafts of a  Goldenseal  article \"Lifting as We Climb\" about the Charleston Woman's Improvement League. Research materials including facsimiles of photographs. Newspaper article about Judge Irene Berger, McDowell County.","Research materials on Carl Eugene Barnett and Robert Edward Lee Washington for entries in  African American Architects: A Biographical Dictionary, 1865-1945 .","Spiral bound program for  A Different World: Symposium on Diversity, Change, and Appalachian Youth,  2006, where Bickley was a panelist.","Appalachian Heritage , Summer 2008, which includes \"Carter G. Woodson: the West Virginia Connection\" by Ancella Bickley","Appalachian Heritage , Special Issue: Blacks in Appalachia, 1991, which includes Bickley's \"Molly Gabe\" in the Profiles section.","Goldenseal , Winter 2011, containing AB's article \"General Edward Greer: West Virginia's First Black General.\"","Correspondence with Dreck S. Wilson re: contribution to the book  Biographical Dictionary of African-American Architects, 1865-1945.","Research materials about George Wesley Atkinson, tenth governor of WV who attended Howard University. Paper titled \"West Virginia's Tenth Governor and the Black Community\" and newspaper article by AB.","Research materials re: the West Virginia Colored Orphans Home. Newspaper article written by AB. Testimonial for Fannie Cobb Carter. Research notes. Facsimiles of photos. Transcript of interview with Araminta Miller Justice. AB's paper about the Home.","Manuscript drafts and final versions for entries in the West Virginia Encyclopedia. Materials from West Virginia Humanities Council meetings re: the format and content of the Encyclopedia","Appalachian Heritage, Special Issue: Blacks in Appalachia,  Fall 1991, with article by AB in the Profiles Section on Mollie Gabe.","Musings written to friends, 1996. Clipping of \"Commentary: Capable of Thinking, Working…and Paying Her Own Bills,\" 1979, Ancella Bickley Jr.","Processor-created bibliography of Ancella Bickley's writings","Includes books written, complied, or edited by Bickley, and background research materials and drafts of manuscripts. Books Bickley wrote include: a children's book,   LuJay, No-Name, and the Parrot , also titled  Lucia Jean, No Name, and the Parrot  ;   …to be black in fayette  [sic];   History of the West Virginia State Teacher's Association ; and   In Spite of Obstacles: a History of the West Virginia Schools for Colored Deaf and Blind . Books edited by Bickley include:  Honoring Our Past: Proceedings of the First Two Conferences on West Virginia's Black History ;  Memphis Tennessee Garrison: the Remarkable Story of a Black Appalachian Woman ; and   Our Mount Vernons: Historic Register Listing of Sites Significant to the Black History of West Virginia .","Typed manuscripts, 1-14 parts, of 1968 oral history interview with Garrison by Bernard Cleveland, with AB notes and Post-it-Note tabs.","Draft of book introduction; correspondence; photos and negatives for book: MTG and family, Gary WV, mining, Edward O'Toole, facsimiles of photos. Facsimiles of William Garrison's obituary, letter of condolence from Agatha S. Lowe. Program for MTG celebration at Marshall. Personal notes of congratulations on book. Photograph permissions. Facsimile of deed for MTG's grandfather's property, Hollins, VA.","\"The Charleston Stage Company's Study Guide for George C. Wolfe's Adaptation of Zora Neale Hurston's  Spunk \"","Honoring Our Past: Proceedings of the First Two Conferences on West Virginia's Black History  edited by Joe William Trotter, Jr. and Ancella Bickley","Text and illustrations for [children's] book  Lucia Jean, No Name, and the Parrot  as told to Ancella. Original illustrations by S. Ross Browne.","Manuscript for \"Papers from the Conference on West Virginia's Black History, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia, September 1991\" Facsimile of a book chapter \"Negro Education and Integration.\" Facsimile of photograph of students at Weston Colored School.","Spiral bound  The Gathering .","Our Mount Vernons: Historic Register Listings of Sites Significant to the Black History of West Virginia  edited by Ancella R. Bickley.","History of the West Virginia State Teachers' Association  by Ancella R. Bickley; program for The Carter G. Woodson Memorial Foundation, Inc. annual banquet, 2006; research notes on  History of Negro Secondary Education in McDowell County, WV.","In Spite of Obstacles: a History of the West Virginia Schools for the Colored Deaf and Blind, 1926-1955  by Ancella Bickley.","Memphis Tennessee Garrison: the Remarkable Story of a Black Appalachian Woman  edited by Ancella R. Bickley and Lynda Ann Ewen.","Our Mount Vernons: Historic Register Listings of Sites Significant to the Black History of West Virginia  edited by Ancella R. Bickley. Program for Second Baptist Church in Fayetteville, 1993","Manuscript for  …to be black in fayette  written and compiled by Ancella R. Bickley for The Centennial Committee of the Second Baptist Church of Fayetteville, West Virginia, and The Fayette County Black Caucus.","Permissions to publish papers in  Honoring Our Past: Procedures of the First Two Conferences on West Virginia's Black History .","Correspondence with Joe William Trotter. Research notes. Materials relating to the Second Annual Conference on West Virginia's Black History and a paper on James McHenry Jones. Trotter's syllabus for a seminar \"The Afro-American Experience.\" \"Blacks in West Virginia: A Critique of the Secondary Literature and Survey of Primary Sources\" by Joe W. Trotter.","Galley proof of the children's book,  LuJay, No-Name, and the Parrot  by Ancella R Bickley, illustrated by S. Ross Browne. Handwritten list of names.","…to be black in fayette  written and compiled by Ancella R. Bickley for The Centennial Committee of the Second Baptist Church of Fayetteville, West Virginia and The Fayette County Black Caucus.","Includes full plays, skits, and historical interpreter scripts depicting characters such as: Ester from the Bible; West Virginia men and women such as Molly Gabe from Braxton County; Deborah Lacks Pullum, daughter of Henrietta Lacks; and many more. Includes manuscripts for a collaboration with Maureen Crocket in writing \"Tangled Threads: a Three Act Play\" and other plays. For \"Two Saint Say,\" a play performed at the Central Florida Community College, materials include an audition announcement, program, newspaper clipping, and correspondence. Also included is a newspaper clipping and details about Bickley's winning the Florida Senior Playwright Festival contest with \"Wade in the Water.\"","Newspaper article about the play  Two Saint Say  and its performance.","\"Historical Information Re: Milly, Enslaved Black Woman on Whom the Character, OAGE, in  Toussaint Say  Is Based\" Handwritten research notes.","Manuscript for \"Wade in the Water: a Play in One Act\" by Ancella R. Bickley. Correspondence regarding performance.","Manuscripts and notes for \"Mother Love: a Three Act Play\" by Ancella Bickley and Maureen Crockett. Annotated text.","Program for performance of  Two Saint Say  at the Central Florida Community College, February-March, [2008] Print of online article from the  Ocala Star Banner  added by processor.","Two Saint Say  and AB typed comments","Annotated \"In the Name of Woman.\" Facsimile of pages from 1909 court docket book, County of Allegheny (PA) and court case upon which the play is based.","Correspondence with Maureen 'Bunny' Crockett and Bobbi (bjslake@comcast.net) regarding changes to the play  Tangled Threads . Typed pages with annotations regarding black history. \"Mother Love: a Three Act Play\" by Ancella Bickley and Maureen Crockett.","Newspaper clipping for \"Villager's Work Winds Playwright Contest.\"\" Congratulatory email for selection of  Wade in the Water  for the Florida Senior Playwright Festival. Email commenting on inspiration for various plays. Lyrics for the spiritual \"Wade in the Water.\"","Scripts for historical interpreters for Deborah Lacks Pullum, Henrietta Lacks' daughter; and Henrietta Lacks. \"It Ain't Her: a One Act Play.\" Script for historical interpreter for Ona \"Oney\" Judge; Robert Smalls, 1839-1915; Callie House; and Percy Julian. Research notes on Dr. James Marion Sims and other projects. Program for WVU Honors College Symposium \"With a Torch in Their Souls: African Americans in the Civil War\"","Script for historical interpreter for Charles Hamilton Houston presented for the African-American Club, 2011; Gabriel; and Henrietta Lacks.","Research notes. Text of play \"And Further She Sayeth Naught.\" Text of play \"Heritage: an Historical Drama in Three Acts\" by Ancella Bickley and Maureen Crockett.","Two Saint Say: A Play in Two Acts . Auditions announcement. Correspondence regarding the production. Proposal to produce the play from the director Bobbi Jordan.","Correspondence regarding Megan Forrest, actress. Double sided card featuring photos of Ms. Forrest and a brief overview of future endeavors.","Brief plays regarding voting issues including: lack of attention to candidates and issues, campaign spending, voter assistance, pay for voting, etc. Unidentified group photograph. Handwritten dialog.","Two Saint Say: a Play in Two Acts  [performed at] Central Florida Community College, Ocala, Florida, February 29-March 1, 2008.","Submission form for  Wade in the Wate r for the Florida Senior Playwright Festival. Manuscript for Wade in the Water. Email update for Festival.","Manuscript for \"The Crossing,\" a play. Photocopied page regarding Mollie Gabe and her time in Braxton County.","Typed manuscript for a play  Tangled Threads .","\"On This Rock,\" a play; one annotated. Handwritten notes on \"A Last Right\" and \"A Good Christian Woman.\" Recommended edits to Bickley's writing? Short stories, \"The User\" and \"Feelin' the Heat\" by Charles Lloyd.","Traditions: A Journal of West Virginia Folk Culture and Educational Awareness , 1996, which includes Bickley's \"The Baby Catcher\"","Spiral bound  Two Saint Say: a Play in Two Acts  by Ancella Bickley","Research and performance notes for  Tangled Threads: A Three Act Play  by Ancella R. Bickley and Maureen Crockett. Lists of guests who read parts, 2014. Comments from readers.","Annotated  Tangled Threads , 2008.","Tangled Threads  labeled \"Work Copy\"","Tangled Threads","Annotated \"I-John,\" a play.","Table of contents for Skit of Ester, 2010. Web page re: Esther. Typed page re: Haman, Mordecai, and Esther. Chapter summaries. Typed paper about Queen Vashti. Two typewritten pages from larger document. Letter to Jerome re: return of skit manuscript. Letter to Jerome re: transmittal of skit text and masks for players. Handwritten, not AB's handwriting, notes. Three \"masks,\" made from paper fans, and for 6 characters.","Includes manuscripts and edited manuscripts for many stories and a collection of short stories,  Turn Left at the Desert  . Bickley's stories are mostly historical character studies and include themes such as faith and community. One highlight is a critical review of Bickley's short story \"Martha,\" a part of the anthology  Appalachian Love Stories  .","Manuscripts: \"Gabe,\" \"Turn Left at the Desert: Verbal 'Snapshots' from a Black Community\" contents, \"Jones,\" \"The Church on the Corner,\" and \"Sister Angelica.\"","Annotated story manuscripts. \"'Jones': Manuscript Submitted for Workshop, Women Writers Conference\" and reviewed by Faith [Holsart?]","Annotated manuscript for the story \"On This Rock;\" the play  Tangled Threads ; and the story \"It Ain't Her\"","Correspondence regarding writing critiques. Text of \"Mr. Adams,\" \"The Church on the Corner,\" \"Gabe,\" \"Angie's Uncle Robert,\" three versions of \"Mr. Abe Jackson,\" \"The Battle of the Bottle,\" \"DoeDoe,\" \"Addie,\" \"Lesey, Who Was Black, But Comely,\" \"The Lavender Hat,\" and \"A Day in the Park.\" AB commentary on stories.","Review of \"Martha.\" Text of \"Martha.\"","Manuscripts and notes for \"It Ain't Her,\" \"Belli: 'Momma Raised Me Up Special',\" The Battle of the Bottle,\" \"Bertha,\" \"Friends,\" and \"Martha.\"","Manuscript for stories for Turn Left at the Desert","Manuscript for stories for Turn Left at the Desert: \"It Ain't Her,\" \"Hush Now, Child\"","Excerpt from a review of AB's story, [\"Martha\"], in  Appalachian Love Stories .","Short stories for  Turn Left at the Desert.","Annotated manuscript for \"Bertha,\" a short story.","Appalachian Love Stories  compiled and edited by James M. Gifford, Edwina Pendarvis; includes \"Martha\" by Ancella Bickley.","Parts of  Turn Left at the Desert: Verbal \"Snapshots\" from a Black Community.","Handwritten beginning of a story","Handwritten pieces of writing","Typewritten contents for \"Turn Left at the Desert: Verbal 'Snapshots' from a Black Community\"","Typed manuscripts for various short stories.","Bickley was a prolific speaker; speeches cover a wide range of topics including faith, WV black history, black history and pride, West Virginia State College, education, black literature, and more. The majority of the speeches are typewritten.","Program for \"Mending an Era: a Slave Ship Speaks: the Wreck of the Henrietta Marie.\" Typed text, pages 6-7, of a speech (?) about slaves, Anderson Radford, Cassie Thomas Carter, and MTG's mother.","Text of 2 speeches about Alice Walker's novel  The Color Purple:  \"The Uses of Literature: 1984 \u0026 The Color Purple, Panel Discussion at the Tenth Anniversary Program of the Virginia Foundation for the Humanities,\" September, 1984; and one at Richard Bland Community College, October 7, 1985. Research notes on  The Color Purple . Research notes on Alice Walker's short stories \"1955\" and \"In Love and Trouble\"","Correspondence, schedule, lecture series program with AB's lecture on the Underground Railroad. Typed notes from Guyandotte presentation 11/9/91, and the Guyandotte Civil War Days. Program for Guyandotte Civil War Days, October 12-November 4, 1992 with listing of AB lecture \"Local Black Settlement.\" List of sources by Alan Gould, Marshall University. Invitation to present at the 1993 Civil War Days.","T he West Virginia and Regional History Collection Newsletter , Summer 1989, which includes a speech by AB at an education in WV forum.","Annotated text of a speech by both AB and NB about their time at WVU. WVU program \"A Celebration: Integration of Sports on the WVU Campus\" Correspondence with Dana Brooks regarding participation","Article regarding speech about  The Color Purple  at the West Virginia Alliance for Women's Studies meeting. Text of paper \"Black Education in WV\" read at WVU 6/20/89 for West Virginia Day.","Text of speech about black history in West Virginia and after-dinner remarks regarding social history. Email, travel itinerary, newspaper clipping, and correspondence.","Paper about the slave ship Amistad.","Text of speech re: the Underground Railroad. Newspaper article re: decree of freedom from slavery 150 years after.","Handwritten speech to Mo So Lit Club in McDowell County regarding the history of education of blacks, April 1983. WVSC Fall Convocation program, September 8, 1983; two texts of AB's welcome.","Handwritten poem \"Scamp\" [by Paul Laurence Dunbar]. Two handwritten speeches to the WVSC student government regarding importance of citizenship and service, and the history of WVSC. Invitation to speak to the Student Government Association, April 16, 1982. Newspaper article about black newspapers. Program for the Student Government Association Annual Inauguration Dinner, April 13, 1980. Speech for the Honors Convocation, 1985. \"Remarks prepared for State Senator Marie Redd for Blk History Month-2/4/99\" regarding black history and WV black history.","Correspondence regarding invitation to speak at the West Virginia State Baptist Convention. WVSC new student orientation schedule with remarks scheduled for AB. Text of speech, 1984 and 1985, including a brief history of WVSC and Institute.","First page of WVSC Honors Convocation Speech","Program for \"Building Leadership for Educational Excellence: NEA Mid-Atlantic Regional Leadership Conference, November 1-3, 1985 - Greenbrier Hotel, White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia.\" Annotated text of speech \"A Response to the New Right's Agenda for Public Education.\" Other speeches regarding education","Annotated text, some handwritten, of speech to the Mo So Lit Club, McDowell County, WV. Program for The Matrons and Maids Social and Literary Club (Ma-So-Lit), 50th Anniversary, April 17, 1983. Program and text of introduction of Ethel O. Davie for the WVSC Graduate Dinner, 1984.","Program and text of speech for \"Rewriting History\" panel at the \"Premonitions and Perspectives from 1984: Has the Orwellian World Arrived?\" Wisconsin Intellectual Freedom 6th Annual Conference in Milwaukee, March 1-3, 1984. Program, including full text of AB's speech for a panel on \"Perspectives on Censorship: A Discussion\" at the Twenty-First Annual NEA Conference on Human and Civil Rights in Education, February 25-27, 1983. Correspondence regarding invitations to speak at these conferences.","A speech about  The Color Purple  possibly delivered at a Virginia Humanities Conference.","Text of speech for WVSC Convocation and an outline of speech to women students.","Speeches about Carter G. Woodson, WV black history, her life and experiences, and MLK Day.","Speeches about WV black history, historical research, community service, her life and experiences, importance of black organizations, her faith, black women, race, and black education. Programs from presentations at churches. Letter confirming appointment to the Danforth Associate Program.","Speeches about black education; being a role model; leadership; church missionary work; Martin Luther King, Jr.; taking control; the college experience; community service; honoring Alan Gould; Our Mount Vernons; and black history. Corresponence re: speaking at churches.","Speeches about Black History Month; civil rights; Kwanzaa; women's rights; Martin Luther King, Jr.; the Underground Railroad; MTG; The Color Purple; black culture; Alice Walker; Carter G. Woodson; and WV black history.","Slides for WV black history speech. Research materials on WV black institutions. First two pages of speech. Handwritten text on various institutions.","\"Go with God: Remembering All of Us…,\" Commencement address at MU, 1990. Photograph of unidentified black men singing in church. The program for the 1975 NCTE Spring Institutes: \"Teaching Minority Literatures at All Levels.\"","Text of speech, one annotated, about  The Color Purple  for the Virginia Foundation for the Humanities; handwritten notes.","Text of two speeches about black culture with notes for accompanying slides. Note from Charles Davis. Langston Hughes poem with Alex Haley autograph. [No slides in file.]","Booklet presented to AB after she made a speech for the Army Corps of Engineers in Huntington.","Correspondence with NEA re: participation in panel \"Perspectives on Censorship: A Discussion.\" Handwritten speech on censoring literature by blacks and women in the context of the Kanawha County textbook controversy.","Background materials, correspondence, and text of speech \"Multiculturalism in West Virginia\" at the Governor's Honors Academy.","Newspaper clipping about AB Commencement address at Marshall University, 1990. \"And Further She Sayeth Naught: a Play in Three Acts\" by Maureen \"Bunny\" Crocket and Ancella Bickley. [Speech] re: education in WV.","Text of speech about Martha Toler Spencer. Outline for [speech] about black women. Handwritten text of speech in Virginia, Longwood College, about black women. Notes.","\"Go with God: Remember All of Us\" AB's commencement address at MU, 1994.","Typed text of speech for the National Education Association.","Edited paper about the mission of West Virginia State College and changes for the future.","Items not held in the WVRHC collection which were sent to the Rare Books Curator:\n \n1969/70 edition of \"The Black Student at WVU\"  \nBulletin of West Virginia State College, Series 21, no. 1, June 1933. \"Why Choose West Virginia State College\" \nBickley, A. R., Carter, G. W. M. F. I., \u0026 Marshall University, H. W. V. D. A. (1997).  Our Mount Vernons: historic register listings of sites significant to the Black history of West Virginia . [Huntington, WV] : [Carter G. Woodson Memorial Foundation of Huntington and the Drinko Academy at Marshall University]. \nBooklet, \"History of African-American Miners in Appalachian Coal Fields: Black History Month, February, 2000\"","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","West Virginia State College (Institute, W. Va.)","Bickley, Ancella R.","Wicks-Nelson, Rita, 1933-","Bickley, Nelson R., 1928-2021","Woodson, Carter Godwin, 1875-1950","Garrison, Memphis Tennessee, 1890-1988","Yancey, Bessie Woodson, 1882-1958","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 4208","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6226"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ancella Bickley, Historian, Research Papers regarding African-Americans"],"collection_title_tesim":["Ancella Bickley, Historian, Research Papers regarding African-Americans"],"collection_ssim":["Ancella Bickley, Historian, Research Papers regarding African-Americans"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creator_ssm":["Bickley, Ancella R.","Wicks-Nelson, Rita, 1933-"],"creator_ssim":["Bickley, Ancella R.","Wicks-Nelson, Rita, 1933-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bickley, Ancella R.","Wicks-Nelson, Rita, 1933-"],"creators_ssim":["Bickley, Ancella R.","Wicks-Nelson, Rita, 1933-"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African American women","Slavery -- West Virginia","Education -- West Virginia","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","School integration -- West Virginia","Underground Railroad -- West Virginia","Underground Railroad -- Ohio","African American Churches -- West Virginia","African American teachers -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- Education -- West Virginia","African Americans -- Genealogy","West Virginia Feminist Activist and Women's History Collection"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African American women","Slavery -- West Virginia","Education -- West Virginia","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","School integration -- West Virginia","Underground Railroad -- West Virginia","Underground Railroad -- Ohio","African American Churches -- West Virginia","African American teachers -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- Education -- West Virginia","African Americans -- Genealogy","West Virginia Feminist Activist and Women's History Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["13.1 Linear Feet 13 ft. 1/2 in. 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(9 record cartons, 15 in. each); (3 document cases, 5 in. each); (2 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (1 flat storage box, 1 1/2 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRequires signed form for box 1, folders 8, 16, and 17, since special access restriction applies due to PII.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Requires signed form for box 1, folders 8, 16, and 17, since special access restriction applies due to PII."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. Ancella Radford Bickley, author, historian, and educator, grew up in segregated Huntington, West Virginia, where she was born in 1930.  She graduated from Douglass High School in 1947 and went on to attend West Virginia State College, graduating magna cum laude in 1950 with a degree in English.  She was the first full time black student at Marshall University and received her master's degree in English in 1954.  She received her Ed.D. in English from West Virginia University in 1974.  Dr. Bickley was a teacher at all educational levels and was Vice-President for Academic Affairs at West Virginia State College where she retired in 1986.  She continued to research, write, and speak from her retirement home in Florida where she lived with her husband Nelson.  Some of her accolades include the Mountain State Bar Association's Distinguished Citizen Award, 1978; the National Education Association's The Carter G. Woodson Memorial Award, 1980; West Virginia Woman of the Year, 1984; the West Virginia State College Alumnus of the Year, 1988; and was a Rockefeller Foundation Scholar at Marshall University in 1999.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDr. Bickley was a prolific speaker and in addtion to the speeches, she authored many stories, plays, and articles.  In 1997, she published \u003ctitle\u003eOur Mount Vernons\u003c/title\u003e to identify sites significant to West Virginia black history.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWith Lynda Ann Ewen, she co-edited \u003ctitle\u003eMemphis Tennessee Garrison: The Remarkable Story of a Black Appalachian Woman\u003c/title\u003e, published by Ohio University Press. She has written stories and articles for publications including West Virginia cultural magazine, \u003ctitle\u003eGoldenseal\u003c/title\u003e. She wrote a history of the West Virginia Schools for the Colored Deaf and Blind.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. Ancella Radford Bickley, author, historian, and educator, grew up in segregated Huntington, West Virginia, where she was born in 1930.  She graduated from Douglass High School in 1947 and went on to attend West Virginia State College, graduating magna cum laude in 1950 with a degree in English.  She was the first full time black student at Marshall University and received her master's degree in English in 1954.  She received her Ed.D. in English from West Virginia University in 1974.  Dr. Bickley was a teacher at all educational levels and was Vice-President for Academic Affairs at West Virginia State College where she retired in 1986.  She continued to research, write, and speak from her retirement home in Florida where she lived with her husband Nelson.  Some of her accolades include the Mountain State Bar Association's Distinguished Citizen Award, 1978; the National Education Association's The Carter G. Woodson Memorial Award, 1980; West Virginia Woman of the Year, 1984; the West Virginia State College Alumnus of the Year, 1988; and was a Rockefeller Foundation Scholar at Marshall University in 1999.","Dr. Bickley was a prolific speaker and in addtion to the speeches, she authored many stories, plays, and articles.  In 1997, she published  Our Mount Vernons  to identify sites significant to West Virginia black history.","With Lynda Ann Ewen, she co-edited  Memphis Tennessee Garrison: The Remarkable Story of a Black Appalachian Woman , published by Ohio University Press. She has written stories and articles for publications including West Virginia cultural magazine,  Goldenseal . She wrote a history of the West Virginia Schools for the Colored Deaf and Blind."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Ancella Bickley, Historian, Research Papers regarding African-Americans, A\u0026amp;M 4208, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Ancella Bickley, Historian, Research Papers regarding African-Americans, A\u0026M 4208, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBickley, Ancella Collection. Materials relating to African-American history including annual West Virginia Conferences on Black History, 1908-1996. 3 boxes. Ms2003-182, at the West Virginia State Archives.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMarshall University Oral History Collection, Accession Number 1973/01.0064, also includes the oral history transcripts in this collection's addendum of 2017/02/09.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Bickley, Ancella Collection. Materials relating to African-American history including annual West Virginia Conferences on Black History, 1908-1996. 3 boxes. Ms2003-182, at the West Virginia State Archives.","Marshall University Oral History Collection, Accession Number 1973/01.0064, also includes the oral history transcripts in this collection's addendum of 2017/02/09."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection documents the research, public service, and life of Ancella Bickley, writer, educator, speaker, and historian. Includes writings, research materials, and more, focusing on the history of African Americans in West Virginia and the black experience in West Virginia. Collected research materials are predominantly facsimiles.  Printed formats include correspondence, clippings, interview transcripts, typescript writings, publications, pamphlets, ephemera, speeches, articles, military records, and more.  Other formats include photographs, slides, and audiocassettes. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include Dr. Bickley's writings, which include plays, speeches, and short stories as well as her historical books, articles and other publications; collected materials from Dr. Bickley's historical research on the history of African Americans in West Virginia; and personal papers. Her research materials include papers grouped sometimes by county, sometimes by individual, sometimes by subject. Subjects of her research include slavery, education, churches, biography and genealogy, literature, and more.  Specific subjects include the Underground Railroad, James McHenry Jones, genealogy, Carter G. Woodson, Mollie Gabe, West Virginia Colored Institute/West Virginia State College, John W. Davis, black high schools, school integration, and more. Counties and their cities with specific focus include Cabell, Kanawha, and Jefferson.  Some documents treating slavery and the Underground Railroad include Ohio from which Cabell County blacks, including Bickley's ancestors, migrated.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eColleagues with whom she corresponded include Judith Stitzel, Nelson Barnett, Maureen Crockett (with whom she co-wrote at least one play), and many more. Of significance is correspondence between Carter G. Woodson and his sister, Bessie Woodson Yancey; and letters and a signed photo from Alex Haley.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWritings, research background, and drafts of Dr. Bickley's works found within the collection include: \u003ctitle\u003eMemphis Tennessee Garrison: The Remarkable Story of a Black Appalachian Woman\u003c/title\u003e, \"Midwifery in West Virginia\" (1990), \u003ctitle\u003eHonoring our Past: Proceedings of the First Two Conferences on West Virginia's Black History\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eHistory of the West Virginia State Teachers' Association\u003c/title\u003e (1979), \u003ctitle\u003eIn Spite of Obstacles: a History of the West Virginia Schools for the Colored Deaf and Blind, 1926-1955\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eOur Mount Vernons: historic register listings of sites significant to the Black history of West Virginia\u003c/title\u003e, a short story collection \"Turn Left at the Desert,\" \u003ctitle\u003e... to be black in Fayette\u003c/title\u003e, and plays: \u003ctitle\u003eTwo Saint Say\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eMother Love\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eTangled Threads\u003c/title\u003e (with Maureen Crockett), \u003ctitle\u003eWade in the Water\u003c/title\u003e, and seven \u003ctitle\u003eGoldenseal\u003c/title\u003e articles. \nGrant applications and other documents pertaining to her work with the Humanities Council of West Virginia are included in the collection. Other documents describe her work with the Kanawha County Board of Education, EcoTheater, Berea College's Black Mountain Youth Leadership program, and various professional organizations.   \nPersonal papers include material about her husband Nelson R. Bickley and his military career, diplomas, transcripts, photographs of a party she held, and more. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAddendum of 2017/02/09 (boxes 11 and 12) includes papers of Dr. Ancella R. Bickley, with a few papers of her daughter Ancella Livers. Formats include interview transcripts, correspondence, clippings, typescript writings, publications, cassettes, and more. Most of these materials are transcripts of oral histories pertaining to a collaborative project undertaken by Dr. Bickley and Dr. Rita Wicks-Nelson about black teachers and their memories of school integration in West Virginia in affiliation with the Center for the Study of Ethnicity and Gender in Appalachia at Marshall University.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAbbreviations used in the Contents List:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nAB - Ancella Bickley\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nWVSC - West Virginia State College\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNB - Nelson Bickley\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMTG - Memphis Tennessee Garrison\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nJMJ - J. McHenry Jones\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNEA - National Education Association\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNCTE - National Council of Teachers of English\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMo So Lit Club - Matrons and Maids Social and Literary Club, McDowell County, WV\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nUGRR - Underground Railroad\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMU - Marshall University\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nWVU - West Virginia University\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nCGW - Carter G. Woodson\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nRW-N  - Rita Wicks-Nelson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes civic and academic awards and honors, as well as academic milestones such as graduation and Bickley's dissertation. This series includes materials on the celebration of Bickley's retirement from West Virginia State College.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence from Marshall University regarding AB's commencement address and honorary doctorate; notes of congratulations. Guest list. Photographs of AB delivering address and with others including Soupy Sales. Letter to editor regarding racism of highlighting photograph of Soupy Sales wiping a tear during AB's speech; newspaper clippings. Commencement program. AB's speech.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHonorary Doctorate\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArmy Commendation Medal (Second Oak Leaf Cluster). AB's Delta Sigma Rho-Tau Kappa Alpha, Hampton Institute, initiation certificate, May 1976\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAttendance, reading, scholarships, and other certificates from elementary through college\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAB transcript, 1951, from MU. Transcript, WVSC.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram for the Fourteenth Annual NEA Human and Civil Rights Awards, 1980, when AB won The Carter G. Woodson Memorial Award. Correspondence regarding the award including 2 letters from John W. Davis.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotograph of WVSC President Thomas Cole and Ancella Bickley at her retirement; labeled \"West Virginia State College, Commencement, May 17, 1986.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaster of Arts degree confirmation from Marshall University\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDoctor of Education degree confirmation from West Virginia University\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCertificate of Appreciation from the Kiwanis Club of Huntington\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote from WVU professor Armand [Singer] regarding missing retirement celebration\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewspaper clipping re: CGW. Photographs of AB and others after a speaking engagement in Fayette County. Service Award certificate from WVSC.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Maureen Crocket to the Director of the Appalachian Festival re: Tangled Threads. Letter of recommendation from AB for Dr. Elaine Ginsberg. \"Remarks Made upon the Presentation of the 1988 Humanities Award to Ancella Radford Bickley\" by Judith Stitzel. Letter of recommendation for Dr. Bernard L. Allen for the WVU Claude Worthington Benedum Distinguished Scholar Award. Congratulatory letter for appointment [at WVSC]. Request for letter of recommendation from Marc E. Washington at MU; confirmation of receipt of letter. Request for recommendation for Elaine Ginsberg, Trinity University; verification of receipt of letter. Letter of congratulations on retirement from George Parkinson; letter of regrets from Lawrence H. Talley, West Liberty.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials re: WV NAACP Harpers Ferry NHP, 1994, including photographs and text of speech. Congratulatory letter for receiving the Distinguished West Virginian Award, 1986. Thank you for copy of Honoring Our Past, 1992. Many other letters and notes re: service and speeches. Request to speak at the New Employment for Women Information \u0026amp; Referral Center in Logan about black history. Letter from Gaston Caperton, Governor, re: appointment to the Archives and History Commission, 1991. Thank you letter for contribution to Chandler Third Base, 1992. Certificate of recognition for Outstanding Service in Support of 1993 Douglass High School Reunion. Thank you for participating in the United Way Youth Advisory Council's Youth Forum, 1993. Thank you letter re: speech at naturalized citizens ceremony from John T. Copenhaver, 1992. Certificate of appreciation and other materials including a photo re: \"Read to Me\" Day, 1999. Newspaper article re: writing about the West Virginia Schools for the Colored Deaf and Blind and cards of congratulations. Kanawha County Schools Certificate of Recognition and Appreciation, 1991.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter of acknowledgement to deliver commencement address and receive an honorary doctorate at MU, 1990. Newspaper clipping and tribute to Minnie Wayne Cooper, 1989. Thank you letter to Matthew Kinsolving, Kanawha County Board of Education, for plaque, 1989. Typed text of \"Remarks Made upon the Presentation of the 1988 Humanities Award to Ancella Radford Bickley.\" Newspaper clipping and congratulatory letter re: WVSC Alumna of the Year, 1988. Letter withdrawing candidacy for the Kanawha County Board of Education, 1988. Thank you letter for receiving the Humanities Foundation Award, 1988; letter of congratulations from A. James Manchin; and Dee Caperton, House of Representatives. Letter of congratulations from Herman G. Canady, Jr., for appointment to Board of Education, 1988. Program for NAACP, Charleston Branch, Annual Freedom Fund Banquet, 1988, with AB as guest speaker. The Trumpet, West Liberty State College student newspaper, with article about AB's lecture on teaching black literature, November 28, 1973. Program, newspaper clipping, flyer, and certificate of recognition for the National Council of Jewish Women, West Virginia Section, Founder's Day, 1991. Correspondence re: speaking invitations, 1991-2001. Letters of thank you for service: The Huntington Club of Negro Business and Professional Women's Clubs, Inc., 2001; Charleston Mayor, G. Kemp Melton, for Charleston Urban Renewal Authority, 1999; Conference program for \"New Approaches to the Humanities and Lifelong Learning,\" 1988, where AB received award. Newspaper clippings for awards and accomplishments. 1987-1988. Newspaper clipping \"Educator Grim on Blacks' Future\" 1985. Thank you letter from Dee Caperton, House of Delegates, for draft of book about Elizabeth Simpson Drewry, 1987. Congratulatory notes, 1988-2002. Resume, ca. 1988. Text of speech for [receiving WVSC Alumna of the Year award, 1988]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewspaper clippings, 1994-2002. Congratulatory and thank you letters, 1984-1995. Program for Staff Recall, Federal Prison Camp, Alderson, WV, with AB as guest speaker. Program for Induction Ceremony [sic], Phi Sigma Alpha, WVSC, 1995, when AB gave speech on the UGRR. Program for Carter G. Woodson Memorial Foundation Third Annual Memorial Fundraiser Banquet, 1995, AB speaker. Program for MLK birthday event at the WV School of Osteopathic Medicine where AB spoke, 1994. Resume. Photo of the Berlin Wall, May 1963.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewspaper clippings, 1984-2002. Congratulatory and thank you letters and certificates, 1975-2002. Program for the Fourteenth Annual NEA Human and Civil Rights Awards dinner, 1980, when AB received The Carter G. Woodson Memorial Award. Program for Academy Cultural Awareness Committee Black History Month Program, 2002, where AB presented about MTG. Invitation to reception for Oliver W. Hill Freedom Fighter Award of the Virginia State Conference NAACP, 1999, and invitation to recognition event at the U.S. Capitol. Program for St. Anthony Church and School Community Education Awards where AB received the Gregory Loebach Award, 2002. Text of speech and program for West Virginia's African-American Women of Distinction book introduction by the West Virginia Women's Commission, 2002. Program for The Education Alliance Graduates of Distinction, AB recipient, 2002; text of speech; newspaper clipping; correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewspaper clippings, ca. 1972-2002. Congratulatory and thank you letters, certificates and other recognitions, 1975 -2002. Letter of receipt for items given to the West Virginia State College/West Virginia Black Heritage Collection, 1987. Personal note, 3/26/80, discussing various contributions to education. Photograph of AB. Program for The National Association of Negro Business and Professional Women's Clubs banquet and candlelight rededication services, 1988, where AB was the guest speaker. Program for Berkeley County Diversity Committee \"Town Meeting\" with AB conducting interactive workshops at schools, 2002. Program and sketch of AB for [her retirement] 1986. Program for PCC lecture series \"The West Virginia Experience,\" [ca. 1985]. State of WV Teaching Certificate, 1960-1965. Letter of acceptance by NB for offer of teaching positions at WVSC for both NB and AB, 1972. Letter offering employment at WVSC as Associate Professor of English, 1972. Letter to NB offering WVSC position of Director of Guidance and Placement, 1972. Letters of thanks for AB for retirement and awards, 1986. Notification of nomination for President of WVSC, 1987. Correspondence Re: NCTE Orwell conference, 1984. Notification that tapes of censorship series of programs will be housed at the New York Public Library, 1984. Program for the Danforth Associate Program, 1975, for which AB and NB were program chairs. Program for The Women's Study Club Annual Open House, 1984, when AB was named Woman of the Year. Program for \"African Americans in the Appalachian Coalfields\" at the National Mine Health \u0026amp; Safety Academy when AB gave a lecture, 2000.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewspaper clippings, 1989-2000. Congratulatory and thank you letters, invitations to speak, certificates of recognition, 1985-2000. Photograph of Douglass High School Y Teens, ca. 1946, including AB. Newspaper articles re: AB as WVSC's May Queen, 1948. Issue of MU's Greenline: a Publication for Alumni and Friends of Marshall University, May-July 1990, in which AB is recognized as commencement speaker; press release; letters of congratulations. Photograph of AB and others after presentation in Morgantown, 1990. Program for WVSC National Alumni Association William L. Lonesome Alumni Awards Dinner-Dance Honoring Dr. Ancella R. Bickley, Class of 1950, 1988 Alumnus of the Year. Dunbar Rotary Club Newsletter with AB as speaker, 1988. Materials from the Second Annual Conference on West Virginia's Black History, 1989. Letter to the editor of the Charleston Gazette re: black athlete, 1988.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRetirement from WVSC, 1986, materials. Correspondence re: ceremony; letters of congratulations; newspaper clippings; photographs; program; WVSC commencement program with AB as retirement honoree.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAB's doctoral dissertation A Study of the Effects of Teaching a Unit on Black Culture to Classes of Predominantly White High School Students, 1974.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewspaper clippings for Education Alliance Graduates of Distinction, 2002. Materials pertaining to \"From Our Front Porch: Stories about Charleston's Oldest Neighborhood, The East End\": newspaper insert; outline for Appalachian Studies Association presentation; program for play at Roosevelt Wilson High School; the play. \"Testimony of Ancella Radford Bickley, Independent Scholar from West Virginia, on behalf of The State Humanities Program Regarding FY 1989 Appropriations to the National Endowment for the Humanities before the Appropriations Subcommittee on the Interior of the Senate,\" 1988. Congratulatory letters re: selection to the Kanawha Board of Education. Newspaper clippings. Congratulations re: speech's and performance of play in Florida. Commencement program for WVSC, 1950. Text of AB honors. Newspaper clippings re: her writings. Letter of acknowledgement for participation in reading of the names of lynchings victims program, Virginia State University, 2001. News release re: production of Harvest of Dreams by the Charleston Stage Company, 2000. Correspondence re: appointment to the WVU Board of Advisors, 1989. Certificate of appreciation from the City of Beckley for contributions to black history in WV. Thank you note re: women writers, 1994. Thank you letter from James Tolbert re: participation in Black History Month program at Harper's Ferry. Overview of AB accomplishments [introduction?]. Letter acknowledging participation in Kanawha County Public Library Black History Month events, 1993; abstract of talk; resume. Thank you letter for presentation at a Affirmative Action Committee Meeting, 1994; program; brochure listing black employees. Letter acknowledging intent to speak at the WV School of Osteopathic Medicine re: unsung heroes of the Civil Rights Movement and for MLK Day, 1993. Handwritten note of appreciation for a speech. Handwritten note re: missing speech for Black History Month, with attached newspaper clipping, 1994. 1949 Yellow Jacket article with picture of AB as newspaper staff. Clipping re: AB as keynote speaker for MLK Day celebration, 1991. Letter acknowledging a reading at the College Language Association, 1993. Letter acknowledging agreement to moderate a panel on sexual harassment; flyer for the program. Congratulatory letter for receiving the MU Graduate School Distinguished Alumnus, 1993. Program for \"First Annual Forum and Family Recognition Conference\" from the West Virginia Black Family Coalition, 1992, for which Bickley was a moderator. Correspondence and program for Distinguished Graduate Student Award from MU, 1993. Newspaper clipping about the WVSC presidential inaugural ball including description of AB and NB attire, 1974. Letter from Mary Pearl Compton, WV Delegate, re: Union's Historic District. Handwritten card praising AB as a \"liquid god\" able to move among roles, 1995. Resumes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSenate Resolution honoring AB and Lynda Ann Ewen, 2002. Certificate of recognition as a West Virginia Hero, 2002. Newspaper clippings, 1990-2002. Correspondence re: lecture at Alderson Broaddus College, 1991. Certificate of recognition from the WV National Organization of Women and two 1991 conference programs. Program for \"African-Americans in the Appalachian Coalfields,\" 2000. Letter acknowledging selection at WVSC Alumnus of the Year, 1988. The Humanities Foundation of West Virginia Award Dinner Program, 1988. Issue of People \u0026amp; Mountains: a Publication of the West Virginia Humanities Council, Summer 2001, with MTG interview excerpt edited by AB and Lynda Ann Ewen. Congratulatory note re: publication of Memphis Tennessee Garrison; lecture on MTG announcement, 2000. Letter from the Indiana Humanities Council re: placement on \"Always a River\" registry, 1991. Letter from Gov. Gaston Caperton recognizing appointment to the Martin Luther King, Jr. State Holiday Commission, 1989. Acknowledgement letters as a speaker, 1990-1999. Acknowledgement of receipt of Our Mount Vernons from a professor at the University of Texas at El Paso, 1997. \"Book Notes\" section of West Virginia History re: Our Mount Vernons, 1997. Letter of re: reappointment to the WV Archives and History Commission, 1997. Letter re: WV Public Radio's Cultural Diversity Radio Project, 1998. Letter re: Mistress of Ceremony for a poetry contest at WVSC, 1995. Letter acknowledging support of the WV Humanities Council programming, 1995.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpecial Commendation from the U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Park Service, for Significant Contributions to the Underground Railroad Study, 1995.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"West Virginia: a Film History\" recognition as the Historical Advisor for the film project.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eState of West Virginia Distinguished West Virginian award, 1986.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSenate Resolution honoring AB and Lynda Ann Ewen, 2002.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes newspaper clippings and writings by Ancella Bickley Livers (also called Cill Jr. or Cill). Also includes material by or about Nelson Bickley, Ancella Bickley's husband and prominent Charleston, West Virginia, lawyer. Formats include articles, awards and honors, military records, speeches, research notes, publications, correspondence, newspaper clippings, and more. Subjects include Nelson Bickley's military and teaching careers, his uncle Carter G. Woodson, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with James Harlow, WVU President, regarding tenure at WVU, 1969 and 1972. Army records for Nelson Bickley. Various Army regulations, blank forms, and information flyers. Correspondence and forms from the Veterans Administration. Medical records, 1956-1966\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCharleston Gazette/Gazette-Mail newspaper clippings about AB and NB, 1999-2003\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eText of NB's speech \"CMA's Link to the Late Carter G. Woodson, the 'Father of Negro History'\" at the Chicago Military Academy, program, and certificate of appreciation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eText of speech given by NB at East Bank High School to Junior ROTC, regarding the benefits of military service.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMilitary and scholarship commendations, program from WVSC Commencement, 1948.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMilitary records for Nelson Bickley including his assignment as an Army ROTC instructor at WVU and difficulty of finding Negro housing. Admission to WVU College of Human Resources and Education.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder within 16a containing Army medical records for Nelson Bickley, 1957-1966.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAkron Beacon Journal,\u003c/emph\u003e December 7, 1982, with article by Ancella Livers which includes brief biography.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBrown V. Board of Education\u003c/emph\u003e in West Virginia\" by Nelson R. Bickley in the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eWest Virginia Law Review\u003c/emph\u003e, Spring 2005.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eText of speech given by NB at the WVU Law School\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with Congressman Harley Staggers, James G. Harlow, President of WVU, and others regarding Nelson Bickley's retirement. Other military records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInvitations to the ROTC Cadet Corps Annual Military Ball and the ROTC Awards Day and Hall of Fame Induction Ceremony, 1982. Program for the ROTC Awards Day Ceremony, May 1, 1981. WVSC student newspaper \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Yellow Jacket\u003c/emph\u003e with an article about the inductees to the ROTC Hall of Fame including NB. Typed text of NB's acceptance speech about his time in the military. Newspaper with an interview with NB and Belva Clark about Carter G. Woodson, 1987. Program and text of NB speech, with AB edits, at WVSC for Veterans Day, 1992. Newspaper article regarding NB induction into the WVSC ROTC Hall of Fame.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSigned letter from Alex Haley to Colonel and Mrs. Nelson Bickley, March 1, 1973, re: the Bickleys' hospitality after a lecture.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClippings regarding the Bickleys from \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Villages Daily Sun\u003c/emph\u003e (FL) and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Sunday News-Registe\u003c/emph\u003er (Wheeling, WV)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePamphlet \"The Black Student at WVU,\" 1969/70, 1971/72, which include pictures of AB. Program for Lincoln-Douglas Banquet sponsored by Morning Star Baptist Church, February 12, 1977; includes AB as the speaker. Newspaper articles by and about Ancella Bickley, as well as Nelson. Congratulatory letter regarding AB promotion to Vice President for Administration at WVSC, July 9, 1975. Dunbar High School's publication, Kennel, Feb. 23, 1973 and May, 1974.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter regarding AB in WVU classroom. Newspaper article about Ancella, daughter of Ancella and Nelson. Dunbar High School's student newspaper, Kennel, Nov. 1972.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBachelor of Arts degree confirmation from West Virginia State College\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelson Bickley's Master of Arts degree confirmation from West Virginia University\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNellie Francisco's Bachelor of Arts in Education degree confirmation from West Virginia State College, 1938\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from CGW to Bessie Woodson Yancey, CGW's sister, re: funding Joan's education. Text of the poem \"The Forgotten Boys.\" Invitation to the dedication of the Carter G. Wooson School, New Orleans.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials re: Belva Clark, Carter G. Woodson's niece and Nelson Bickley's mother; note of condolence; funeral program; handwritten [by Mrs. Clark?] obituary and instructions\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArticles about NB. Membership certificate to Sigma Pi Phi Fraternity.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTeaching certificate for Nellie Radford Francisco, Bluefield Colored Institute, 1928.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpecial Order lists. Legal case notes? Selective Service Act of 1948 memo.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes genealogical research material, notes, and charts in print as well as handwritten for these families, mostly from the Huntington, West Virginia area and across the Ohio River: Twyman, Spurlock, Barnett, Payne, Jones, Woodson, Wilson, Johnson, Summers, Smoot, Peters, Radford, Layne/Lane, Jones, Straham, Cabell, and Parker. Additional genealogical information is included in oral history interviews with individuals (see Interviews and Oral History Interviews series); the Others' Works series; the Biography subseries of Research Notes and Collected Materials; and other locations throughout the collections.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDocuments pertaining to the Twyman Family. Facsimile of pages from \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Promised Land\u003c/emph\u003e by J. Earl Pratt [1964]. Facsimile of newspaper legal notices from T\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003ehe Ironton Register\u003c/emph\u003e, Oct. 27 and Dec. 15, 1870.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Willard H. Radford and Kim Radford regarding a reunion for the Radford-Bickley families.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence between the Bickleys and Nelson L. Barnett, Jr. regarding Allensworth (CA) State Historical Park, the Spurlock family, the Barnett-Payne-Jones family. Rededication pamphlet, October 10, 1992\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBarnett family genealogy compiled by Nelson Barnett, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVarious documents pertaining to Carter G. Woodson and the Barnett family connection. \"A Black History of Huntington\" by Edna Duckworth. Barnett family documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily line charts, photographs, newspapers, family history for the Nelson Barnett line. Program for the First Baptist Church, Huntington, September 25, 1988. Photographs buildings designed by Carl Barnett, architect.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTranscription of Barnett family obituaries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJames and Mary Wilson family genealogy. Facsimiles of portraits. Memorial service programs. Photographs of Mary Wilson Johnson and James Johnson. Photo of family group identified later in file and on facsimile. Obituary for William O. Johnson. Family group photo. Photos of Ida and William Johnson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten Cabell Family tree and notes on the Cabell Family in Institute. Transcription of letter from J. S. Cunningham to Governor A.I. Boreman. Facsimile of newspaper ad for sale of slave.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten notes regarding Summers Family and slaves.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFacsimile of book section and term paper about the Smoot Family written by Marcella L. Pauley Short for WVSC class.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBooklet of genealogy forms. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAfrican-American Genealogy: A Research Guide\u003c/emph\u003e compiled by Phyllis Preston Jarrett and Helen Chambers Winston.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTypewritten history of the Smoot Family, Boone County.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePersonnel record for Willard Radford. Letter, 1949, certifying marriage of Willard Radford to Lilian Angus in Cuba, 1923.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten marriage records for Radfords.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten notes from a phone conversation regarding the Straham-Parker families.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTyped \"Conversation with Nellie Redford Francisco--about 1985.\" Handwritten \"Discussion w/Henry Radford, 1/14/93.\" Radford Family genealogy. Peters Family genealogy. Newspaper articles regarding Negro education in Huntington and Kimball, 1904-1923. Cemetery lot receipts to Willard Radford. Program for Sterberger Elementary School 1999 Graduation Ceremony; Akil Livers listed as student. Funeral service program for Lily Van Sykes Kelly, 1994. Transcribed obituaries for Joseph T. Payne, 1948, and Minnie Bell Powell, 1936.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch notes on how to do black genealogy. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBlack Studies: a Select Catalog of National Archives Microfilm Publications\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Layne Family Tree and Its Branches\u003c/emph\u003e. Handwritten tree with Twyman connection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Plat Map, Mt. Pisgah Cemetery, Proctorville, Ohio\" with notes. Request for donation to the Cemetery, 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten CGW family tree.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRadford family genealogy. Release of note on deed, Radford family, 1952.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes two subseries, General and Black Teachers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes more formal oral history interviews as well as \"discussions\" and other less structured interviews not intended for any historical publication. Formats include handwritten notes, typed notes, and transcripts of interviews as well as background in the form of correspondence and typed and handwritten corrections.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTranscript of interview with Johnnie James. Newspaper article \"THE Man…Johnny James Now Shares Life With God\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBackground research re: changes to social history and oral history.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes from discussion with Grover DuBose, Korean War veteran, Sept. 10, 2000.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTranscripts of interviews with black citizens of Huntington, WV; Institute, WV; Guyandotte, WV; and Black Fork, OH. Including Johnnie James, Ms. Bessie Herbert McClain, Chester A. Burris, Henry Pierce, Mildred Loar Williams, Cash Keels, James Thompson, Mrs. Araminta Miller Justice, and James Johnson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpiral bound notebook containing notes from oral history interviews with black soldiers, 1945-46. References to color-coded folders. Notes on soldiers' letters, 1943-45. List of themes in interviews. Follow up on specific soldiers, 2005, titled \"Negative behavior of Blk soldiers.\" Diagram of Army organization.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch notes labeled \"Army Wives Material: Discussion with Carl \u0026amp; Nancy Johnson Re: Military Experiences; Carl was a Tuskegee Airman. His wife, Nancy, is white\" 2014. Annotated paper \"The WV State Capitol\" with research notes. Emails re: Kimball Wall Memorial Project, 2011. Research notes. Letter to Beverly from AB re: various researchers in the Villages, FL, 2014. Typed notes from interview with Harriet Williams, Lewisburg, WV.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Mildred Lore Williams, 1990, re: family history and Cabell County History. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Bessie Herbert McClain, 1990, re: living in Huntington. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Suzette Spencer, 1990, re: family and life in Huntington. Mrs. Spencer was a descendant of 37 slaves freed in the south and sent to Ohio. Transcript of oral history interview with Mr. Cash Keels, 1990, re: family history and life in Black Fork, Ohio.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAudiocassettes labeled: \"Joseph C. Peters re: Black High School Athletics - 11/2/95;\" \"Gregory Peters / Reminiscences, 9/22/95, \u0026amp; Ed Scott #3;\" \"MC (Ref) Edward Greer, 5/10/06;\" and \"Ed Scott / Reminiscences /Korea, 10/20/95\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBickley and Rita Wicks-Nelson, as Rockefeller Scholars-in-Residence at Marshall University's Center for the Study of Ethnicity and Gender in Appalachia, interviewed and recorded interviews with older black women teachers from across the state. This subseries contains transcripts of the interviews, corrected transcripts, correspondence with the subjects, and sometimes background information about them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTyped manuscript for \"Black Education in West Virginia,\" a joint project between Ancella Bickley and Rita Wicks-Nelson. Notes regarding Mrs. T. McDaniel interview; text of interview. Correspondence regarding book on black female teachers. Research notes. Text of speech about black WV schools. List of narrators. Facsimiles of newspaper clippings \"from Mrs. Rayford's Collection\" regarding desegregation of schools, 1955-1956. Newspaper clipping of AB interview regarding MTG.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten notes of [interview with] Marian Hatcher, WVU English Dept. teacher.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrint out of web page re: Dr. Ancella Bickley and Dr. Rita Wicks-Nelson, 1999 Rockefeller Scholars-in-Residence. Project name: \"Life Experiences of Older, Black, West Virginian Women [Teachers]\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDemographics of teachers' project. Map showing location of teachers. Narrative overview of the project. Paper \"Mosaic [sic] in Black and White: Black Teachers Remember School Integration in West Virginia\" [by] Ancella Bickley and Rita Wicks-Nelson; paper presented at the Center for the Study of Ethnicity and Gender in Appalachia, MU, 2000. Annotated paper. Draft of paper \"Changing Lives and Potential Leadership: A Study of West Virginian Women Returning to College\" [by] Rita Wicks-Nelson, Lynda Ann Ewen, ca. 1997.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence between AB and RW-N and others re: book based on teachers' oral history interviews. Paper \"Black Education in West Virginia.\" Text of paper [by AB] \"Read @ WV Sociological Assoc. Annual Mtng. WVSC - Oct. 24, 1997.\" Letter from NB, 2005, asking for addenda to \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eWest Virginia Law Review\u003c/emph\u003e paper about \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBrown v. Board of Education. \u003c/emph\u003eResearch notes. \"\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eFullen\u003c/emph\u003e corrected pp, AB,\" 2001. Letter requesting interview with Pearl Swann Carter, 2000.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelease form from Suzanne Slaughter, 1998\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, edits, research notes with RW-N. Book reviews from The Appalachian journal, 2005. List of women interviewed. Background and summaries for interviewees.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials re: education in WV; \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBrown v Board of Education. \u003c/emph\u003ePossible participants; call for participants; correspondence with participants Writing retreat brochure and correspondence. Project update to the Center for the Study of Ethnicity and Gender in Appalachia at MU. Draft of summary of results. Summary data forms and interview guide. Schedule of interviews. Letter from parent to teacher, Anna McCright. Flyer announcing talk by AB and RW-N. Luncheon flyer from the Fayette County Black Caucus.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLife stories, some annotated or edited, for Vivian Williams Fleming, Eliza Jane Campbell Dillard, Anna McCright, and Mary Montgomery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Louise Anderson. Newspaper clipping of obituary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Velma Bradshaw. Handwritten notes on folder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eOral History Review \u003c/emph\u003earticle, 2001, re: school segregation. Email with list of changes to the transcript. Transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Pearl Swann Carter, 2001.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Florence Casey, 1997\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTranscript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Ottrus Chatman, 1999. Typed and handwritten notes on the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Verona Clarke, 1997.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. E. Jane Dillard, 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten notes on the interview. Correspondence with Mrs. Elston. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Mary M. Elston, 1997.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Eunice Fleming, 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Vivian Williams Fleming, 1997. Handwritten notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Norma Jean Fullen, 1997.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten notes. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Susie Guyton, 1997.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten notes. Transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Willie Hise, 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTyped and handwritten notes. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Floristine Holland, 1998.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten notes. Transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. B'Alma Jones, 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated transcript of oral history interviews with Miss Anna McCright, 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrected transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Thelma McDaniel, 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter to Mrs. McDaniel. Typed notes and pages from the interview. Letter from Norman L. Jones re: Thelma McDaniel and the Price and White families, 2001.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Edris Miller, 1998.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Mary Montgomery, 1997. Overview for Mrs. Montgomery. Letter to her. Pages of the interview with corrections. List of names and addresses for interviewees.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated transcript of oral history interviews with Ms. Doris Payne, 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOverview for Ruby Brown Reeler. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Ruby Reeler, 1997. Handwritten transcript of a quote from the interview. Handwritten notes on the folder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Nancie Smith Robinson, 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTranscripts pages of interview with FH [Floristine Holland?] Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Suzanne Slaughter, 1998.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eObituary for Mary Crozier Snow, 2011. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Mary Snow, 1997. Letter to Mrs. Snow with corrections, 2001.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTranscript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Fannie Ashe Thomas, 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten notes. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Velma Twyman, 1997. Letter to Mrs. Twyman re: corrections, 2001.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes books, manuscripts, facsimile pages, and other publications not written by Bickley, who was sometimes asked to provide feedback on writing. Forms of writing include family histories, poems, short stories, plays, novels, and both scholarly and popular articles. Other writers include: Sharon M. Draper, Charles Lloyd, Hannah N. Geffert, Peri Lynne Johnson, L. O'B. Thomson, Nelson L. Barnett, J. McHenry Jones, Judith Stitzel, Elizabeth Taylor Brown, and Phyllis Moore.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eA Memorial to the Scott, Carter, Mumford Families and the Journey from the Hills of North Carolina to the Beautiful Ohio Shore in the Year 1844\u003c/emph\u003e by Edith Dove Bryant, original and one facsimile. Article \"Midwifery in West Virginia\" 1990.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMy Dearest Husband: the Letters of Amacetta Laidley Summers to George W. Summers, 1842-1843 \u003c/emph\u003eby Patricia Clark Bulla. Handwritten genealogy chart for James M. Laidley\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoem \"Old Lady Sady and the Chicken Wings\" c1992 Sharon M. Draper\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMy Dearest Husband: the Letters of Amacetta Laidley Summers to George W. Summers, 1842-1843\u003c/emph\u003e by Patricia Clark Bulla. Laidley-Summers-Quarrier family line\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript for \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAesculapius, Ebony \u003c/emph\u003eby Nelson L. Barnett, M.D.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e\"…Tryin' to Get Home…\": A Journal, \u003c/emph\u003ea compendium of biographies, family histories, community histories, etc. by the John Henry Memorial Committee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"The Search for Larry Doby\" by Bob Stitzel in \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSports Collectors Digest\u003c/emph\u003e, December 1, 1989. Letter from Judith Stitzel critiquing short stories \"The Woman in the Lavender Hat,\" \"Hush Now Child,\" \"Sweets,\" and \"Jones.\" Manuscripts of Stitzel's stories \"My New York Yankees,\" \"Cover-Up,\" \"Hearing Aids,\" \"Unbecoming a Jew.\" Letter from Stitzel regarding order of stories.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript for book about West Virginia State College.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with Phyllis Moore re: WV writers. Annotated stories \"It Ain't Her!,\" \"The Crossing,\" and \"On This Rock,\" short stories by AB. Photo of AB and unidentified woman. \"'Talking about home…': Yes, We Have Authors\" by Phyllis Wilson Moore.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProject overview for Greenbrier Valley African-American life. J. McHenry Jones' novel \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHearts of Gold\u003c/emph\u003e with highlighted passages and annotations. Background research materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFacsimile of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Jones Family\u003c/emph\u003e by John L. Jones.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with Hannah N. Geffert re: Black History Conference and her annotated story \"The Guns of October.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"History of Lakin Hospital: Pulling for the Stars\" by Elizabeth Taylor Brown. Reviewers' comments.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Plays of Ann Kathryn Flagg\u003c/emph\u003e published by Amistad, Inc., Ancella Bickley, Director.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Black High Schools in West Virginia\" prepared by R. Charles Byers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritings of Peri Lynne Johnson, AB's niece, some with annotations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReview of \"The History of Lakin State Hospital\" by Elizabeth Brown; manuscript.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDrafts and final papers written by L. O'B. Thompson who taught at WVSC.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAesculapius, Ebony\u003c/emph\u003e by Nelson L. Barnett. Brief biography of Carl Eugene Barnett. Facsimile of photograph of \"Reverend Nelson Barnett, Circa 1900.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePaper and letter of transmittal for \"The Peters Sisters: An Historical Omission\" by Norman Jordan. Research notes on the sisters: Ethel and Ada Peters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTypewritten notes about various novels, movies, and other works. Discussion questions for some.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInscribed play \"Day to Day: a Drama in One Act\" by Maryat Lee. Article \"'…To Will One Thing: a New Look at Theater\" [by] Maryat Lee, from\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e Drama Review\u003c/emph\u003e, 1983. Materials re: EcoTheater including scholarly articles.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes black and white historical photographs, slides, and contemporary color photographs. Additional photographs can be found throughout the collection. Most photos are black and white facsimiles of original historical photos of people and places significant to Bickley's research and publications. Subjects include educational institution buildings and students; other institution buildings; the Radford family; Bickley and Bickley with others. The contemporary color photos include ones of the memorial statues on the West Virginia Capitol grounds; Potomac State College campus; Bickley and others; and the social event A Red Hat Party celebrating women.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotos: graduating class at Bluefield State College; Barnett School Orchestra, Huntington, with Nellie Francisco; school children at Lincoln School, Wheeling, 1912; unidentified football team; buildings at Bluefield State College and West Virginia State College.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotos, invitation to, and follow up for a birthday celebration for AB, and a Red Hat Party to celebrate older women. Poem about AB.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs of building details; street scenes; two black women [Alberta Coleman]; NB; campus, Potomac State College, buildings including Academy Hall and Duke Anthony Whitmore/Henry Louis Gates, Jr. Academic Achievement Wall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotos of statues on the WV State Capitol grounds: prints, proof sheet with numbered descriptions, and a CD. Annotated text to accompany photos and titled \"Statuary on the Grounds of the West Virginia State Capitol.\" Brief history of the Capitol and the state of West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Honoring Our Past: 1994 Calendar\" produced by the Alliance for the Collection, Preservation and Dissemination of West Virginia's Black History. Calendar includes photos of school bands, Bluefield NAACP chapter, Hopewell barber shop in Martinsburg, and schools.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopies of group photographs of children and a \"Special Citation Award to Mrs. Harry Gordon\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhoto of unidentified family, 1901; restored photo and invoice for work, 2005.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNegatives and photos from AB's Red Hat Party\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVariety of copies of historical photographs, most not identified, 1912-1918. Note stapled to folder removed, 10/17/1990.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1991 (3), 1993, 1994 calendar \"Honoring Our Past\" from the Alliance for the Collection, Preservation and Dissemination of West Virginia's Black History. 1971 Black History Calendar [by] Raymond W. Lowry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFacsimiles of photographs of students at WVSC including AB in Delta Sigma Theta Sorority.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs of AB and others at a presentation on CGW at Marshall University, President's Home. February 24, 1988.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFacsimile of undated photo [ca. 1942] of John W. Davis, Charles Rutherford, Austin W. Curtis, L.A. Toney, et al. On back: \"Received from Debby Jackson, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eGoldenseal\u003c/emph\u003e, 4/7/1997. Picture taken during construction of Washington-Carver Camp.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhoto of AB with author Alice Walker at the University of Charleston, [1999]. Photo of AB with Ken Sullivan, Executive Director of the WV Humanities Council, 2002.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes examples of Bickley's contribution to a number of public service projects both in a professional capacity and as a citizen. Includes these formats: \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nplanning documents, \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\ncorrespondence, \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nmeeting notes, and \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nagendas for these organizations: \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n-Amistad, Inc., a publishing company she formed; \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n-West Virginia Humanities Foundation; \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n-Black Mountain Youth Leadership Program, Berea College; \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n-The EcoTheater in Lewisburg, for which she served as board member; \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n-National Council of Teachers of English, for which she was National Director; \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n-West Virginia Archives and History Commission, of which she was a member; and \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n-Marshall University colloquium on black history.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMost notable are the grant applications, programs, and correspondence from her work with the West Virginia Humanities Foundation. Bickley was President of the Board of Directors and wrote a ten-year history of the organization, 1974-1984. The files include background materials for a number of projects for which she or others received grants. For her work with the Kanawha County Board of Education, her files include research materials about minority student achievement, and documents about the Kanawha County Schools Minority Student Achievement Task Force and Maximizing Achievement of African-American Children in Kanawha County (MAAACK). Documenting her work with an organizing committee to clean up the Bethel Cemetery in Huntington, her files include calls for participants, flyers, lists of members, and more. One civic activity with no apparent formal organization includes a meeting with Governor Rockefeller to advocate for affirmative action in West Virginia government. More on Bickley's professional and community activities can be found in the Awards, Honors Series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Notes from Meeting between WV SAC and Governor Rockefeller--June 13\" The SAC [Statistical Analysis Center] asked the governor to authorize another study concerning minority employment in West Virginia with the goal of supporting affirmative action and the employment of more minorities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHumanities Scholar Resource Forms by Virginia Edwards (2/86), Judith G Stitzel, and Elayne Rapping for the project, \"Reel Visions: A Conference on Women and Film.\" \"Seminar for Professionals Scholar's Statement\" by AB. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Midwest Quarterl\u003c/emph\u003ey article \"The Humanities in Public Conversation.\" Publication: \"The Humanities Foundation of West Virginia, 1974-1984, A Decade of Discovery\" which lists awards; AB was President of the Board of Directors.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBrochure for the 15th Year of the EcoTheater founded by Maryat Lee, 1975-1990. Letter of support fro grant to the EcoTheater, February 10, 1990. Business correspondence with members of the Board of Directors.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes, membership lists, and correspondence from meetings of the Bethel Memorial Park Interest Group. Various research notes regarding black WV doctors and other topics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInvitation to Ronald Reagan's inauguration\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence from Cecil H. Underwood and Earl Ray Tomblin regarding appointment to the WV Archives and History Commission, July 11, 2000-September 22, 2000.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePapers and notes from 1975 National Council of Teachers of English (NCTE) conferences when AB was National Director. List of attendees. Black history newspaper clippings. NCTE Spring Institutes programs: April 4-8 in Buffalo, New York; and April 25-29 in Santa Barbara, California. Paper by NB \"Mini-Psychological Theory about Black Americans\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInvitation to Jimmy Carter's inauguration, January 20, 1977.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCertificate of incorporation and other legal documents for Amistad, Inc. Humanities Foundation grant application. Correspondence, agendas for Board meetings, and notes from meetings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with William (Bill) Turner regarding a black history colloquium at Marshall and editing a special issue the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAppalachian Journal.\u003c/emph\u003e \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSojourner: Voice of the Eastern Kentucky Social Clubs\u003c/emph\u003e, 1989.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram for MU symposium \"Moving Toward Freedom: Slavery and Resistance.\" WV Humanities Foundation grant materials for \"Fact to Freedom: The Story of Slavery in West Virginia.\" Cost details for recreating a slave auction block. Photograph of 10th and Market in Wheeling, 1895.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with Brucella and Norman Jordan re: the African American Heritage Family Tree Museum. Also a Humanities Council Grant, brochures, newspaper clippings, press releases. B. Jordan's curriculum vitia and job description with an appliation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials supporting the proposal for WVSC's The Canty House being placed on the National Register of Historic Places.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials for collaboration of Kanawha County Schools Minority Student Achievement Task Force and Achieving Excellence in Learning (AEL). Maximizing Achievement of African-American Children in Kanawha County (MAACK) materials. Data on Kanawha County students.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReadings on teaching minority students, Ebonics. Maximizing Achievement of African-American Children in Kanawha County (MAACK) materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes and correspondence pertaining to the evaluation of the Black Mountain Youth Leadership Program at Berea College.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from the Governor of Montana. Itineraries. Correspondence re: trip.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMatted print of D. Richardson's drawing of the WV Colored Children's Home.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes eleven subseries which highlight Bickley's research on black history in West Virginia and to a smaller extent black history in general. The subseries include her work on black history for many West Virginia counties with her research being more extensive for Cabell, Jefferson, and Kanawha Counties which have their own subseries. The subseries for Research Notes and Collected Papers are: General, Biography; Cabell County, WV; Jefferson County, WV; Kanawha County, WV; Other WV Counties; Churches, Education; General; Organizations; Slavery; and the Underground Railroad.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBickley researched a wide range of black history and black culture topics; for example, Aunt Jemima and the statue of a black boy as yard ornament, in addition to persons and events. The research provided background for her writings and was often incorporated into her works of fiction as well as historical accounts. Her papers include research notes and supporting sources on a wide range of topics with reference to black history and West Virginia black history.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten inventory of boxes with Post-it-Note \"Found AFTER boxing - This drawer-files are out of order so I don't know if it will be helpful. (Plus, my sister has horrible handwriting.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePost card from Mabel Hunter with Storer College Brackett Hall dorm room circled (1946). Photo of statue of Carter G. Woodson. 1850 mortality statistics for western section of Virginia. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBulletin of the West Virginia State Teachers' Association\u003c/emph\u003e, 1940. Program for the Mountain State Bar Association, Inc. Annual Awards Banquet, June 18, 1988. Partial transcript of \"Interview with Doris Miller, Huntington, WV\" regarding house purported to be on the underground railroad. Marriage records, 1869, Trinity Church, Parkersburg. \"Reading the Names\" program at Virginia Sate University of those lynched, 1868-1935; AB read the WV names, ca. 2011. Handwritten research notes. Notes on census slave records. Proposed black history highway markers, 2001. Newspaper clipping about Huntington Tuskegee Airmen, 2009. Email from Brucella Jordan requesting a recommendation; paragraph regarding the founding of the African American Heritage Family Tree Museum, 2010. Email from David Trobridge invitation to speak at Marshall University, 2011. Facsimile of pages from the Bureau of Negro Welfare and Statistics regarding the Episcopal Church in West Virginia. Roster of Negroes serving in state and local government, ca. 1968. \"The West Virginia Medical Society [Black].\" \"Slavery in Western Virginia\" (notes for an exhibit?)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence and research notes regarding the black history of Gallipolis, Ohio. Love story by Harry Dolphis Scott, Bidwell, Ohio. Typed lists from Carter G. Woodson's Free Negro Head of Families (1830), Town of Gallipolis.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewspaper clippings from the Herald-Dispatch, 1981. Brochure: \"Graduates of Distinction: Michael Perry, Ancella Bickley\" from the Education Alliance, 2002\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVarious articles regarding blues music. Multiple facsimiles of \"Bessie Smith, 1898-1937, A Short Blues Anthology,\" 1971; one with annotations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVarious articles including the legend of Jocko, subject of a lawn ornament, and a 1971 black history calendar by Raymond W. Lowry which highlights achievements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003end Annual John Henry Festival, Clifftop, West Virginia: Herbs and Traditional Medicine\u003c/emph\u003e[by] Roscoe Leonard.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTypewritten paper about spirituals\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJournal, newspaper, and magazine articles about black history, Carter G. Woodson, Nelson Bickley, and the methyl isocyanate leak in Institute, 1984.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eProspective Sites Relating to Black History in Canada\u003c/emph\u003e by William N. T. Wylie, June 1994.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials regarding the holiday, Juneteenth, which celebrates the Emancipation Proclamation. Text of two speeches.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"The Black Literary Tradition of West Virginia: A Bio-Critical Survey\" [by] Leonard J. Deutsch\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe booklet (2 copies) \"History of African-American Miners in Appalachian Coal Fields: Black History Month, February, 2000\" Funeral program for Ulysses Grant Carter, teacher at Kimball High School. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eA Saga of Service: A History of the Mining Extension Service of West Virginia State College, 1937-1957\u003c/emph\u003e by Cecile M. McCormick and U.G. Carter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFacsimiles of pages from reports from the WV Bureau of Negro Welfare and Statistics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence and attached materials from Sara J. Sow re: blacks in Gallia County, Ohio. \"Why We Celebrate Our Culture and Church\" about churches in Lawrence County, Ohio.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with and writings of James Fisher, Berkeley County.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBackground research notes and materials about Cuba. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eNational Geographic\u003c/emph\u003e article \"Evolution in the Revolution: CUBA.\" Poems by or translated by Nelson A. Ossorio.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with Joan C. Browning re: content for the Henrietta Marie exhibit; white women in the civil rights movement. Biography. Resume. Newspaper clippings; article \"Invisible Revolutionaries: White Women in Civil Rights Historiography.\" Program and other materials for the WVU panel for the Rush Holt History Conference. Commentary from John Raines re: J. Browning and David Mussat's contributions to the RDH Conference; annotated JB paper \"Religion Gave Me Power to Witness\" and David Mussat's paper \"Sticks and Stone: an Interpretation of Power and Religion in the Movement.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials on many aspects of WV Black history including newspaper clippings, scholarly articles, meeting programs, and the text of an Odd Fellows speech.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Negro Coal Miners in West Virginia, 1875-1925\" from the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMidwest Journal\u003c/emph\u003e, 1954. Reprint of \"Negro Migration to the Mining Fields of West Virginia\" from the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eProceedings, West Virginia Academy of Sciences\u003c/emph\u003e, 1936.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten research notes. Research materials re: WV history. Typed notes on WV black history. 1955 newspaper article re: integration of schools.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence regarding black WV historical markers. Resignation as a Commissioner for the WV Division of Culture and History. Program for Roosevelt Junior High School Award Assembly, June 2, 2000; Bickley is on the program for the East End History Essay.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrograms for West Virginia Conference on Black History at the First Baptist Church in Charleston, April 22-23, 1988, and the Eighth Annual Conference on West Virginia's Black History at Marshall University, November 10-11, 1995\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWeb page print out of article about Silas Green in minstrel show.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Fifth U.S. Colored Infantry\" by John F. Walter, rev. 1998. Includes information on Ohio and WV blacks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Negro Participants in the Fields of the Theatre and Music Plus Associated Enterprises: Period: 1920-1960\" by Dr. Douglass T. Murray. Booklet for The National [Negro] Opera [Company].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePaper titled \" School Desegregation Since \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBrown\u003c/emph\u003e (1954): 30-Year Perspective\" by Franklin Parker, WVU Professor of Education, 1984. Two pages of annotated text of a speech about education of black West Virginians, [delivered at WVU]. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDaily Athenaeum \u003c/emph\u003earticle re: interview Nelson Bickley about discrimination in housing in Morgantown, 1971. Program for \"The West Virginia Experience in Higher Education: an Historical Perspective\" at WVU, 1984, when AB was on a panel. Facsimile of the pamphlet \"The Black Student at WVU\" 1971-72. Correspondence from the Ohio University Press re: manuscript review of the book \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMemphis Tennessee Garrison\u003c/emph\u003e by William H. Turner, 1999. \"History of DuBois High School\" from a book. Map of slave plantations in Wood County, Va. Map of Underground Railroad routes to Canada, 1898.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEmail correspondence primarily between AB and her daughter Ancella Livers re: access to WWII Soldiers' letters at the New York Public Library. Email from Della [Hardman?] re: Belle Powell and Ravella Hughes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes biographical material for many people of interested to Bickley. Types of material include correspondence, handwritten notes, clippings and articles, photographs, various facsimiles, and more. Subjects of research notes and collected materials include: Carter G. Woodson, Dick Pointer, Henry Louis \"Skip\" Gates, Memphis Tennessee Garrison, John Henry, Ravella Hughes, John Wesley Harris, Maude Beatrice Bell Plowden, Della Brown Taylor, Bessie Yancey, Mollie Gabe (Mary Elizabeth Johnson), Elizabeth Simpson Drewry, J. McHenry Jones, Stonewall Jackson, Gwen McMillion Bingham, and William Cathay. Additional topics include: blacks in WV literature; black women; Tuskegee Airmen including John L. Whitehead, Jr. and William Lee Hill; and black WV legislators. Biographical information is also included in the Interviews and Oral History Interviews series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewspaper clippings. Partial notes [speech] J. McHenry Jones including John R. Clifford, Christopher Payne, and black legislators. Pages from a 1913 Congressional hearing on \"Conditions in the Paint Creek District, West Virginia\" with conditional pardon of Dan Chain highlighted. Memo, 1/18/03, from Alfonzo Dalton regarding interview with Ben Carson who was a Republican candidate for the US President in 2016.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter to researcher Sean Duff, November 19, 2012, and attached information regarding J. McHenry Jones and Wheeling. Letter to researcher L. Morris Jones, May 3, 1989. Newspaper clipping of article about \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHearts of Gold\u003c/emph\u003e which was written by J. McHenry Jones (JMJ). Various versions of \"James McHenry Jones: a Monologue\" by Ancella R. Bickley. Full and partial \"J. McHenry Jones, 1859-1909.\" Text of newspaper article about JMJ's opposition to the Evans Jim Crow Bill, February 14, 1907. Research notes including Jones family history. Facsimile of pages from \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHistory of the Jones Family \u003c/emph\u003eby John L. Jones.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch notes on Guion Bluford (?). Ed White, sculptor, biography. Facsimile of pages from the children's book \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBlack Stars in Orbit\u003c/emph\u003e, [1995]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence between NB and The Association for the Study of Negro Life and History, Incorporated regarding preservation of the Carter G. Woodson house in Huntington. Correspondence between Carter G. Woodson and his sister, Bessie Woodson Yancey, regarding upkeep of the house.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials on Dick Pointer, black Indian War hero, for an article for the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eJournal of the Greenbrier Historical Society\u003c/emph\u003e; the article; handwritten notes; various versions of the article. Research notes. Facsimile of a painting by S. Ross Browne, 1993.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with Henry Louis \"Skip\" Gates, Jr. Newspaper clipping: MU Commencement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with Adolphus Young regarding black West Virginia women, particularly MTG.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eWashington Post\u003c/emph\u003e article \"In Quest of the Historical John Henry\" by Hank Burchard, August 24, 1969. Press release by Kyle McCormick, WV Dept. of Archives and History, 1957. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eWV Hillbilly\u003c/emph\u003e, June 23, 1979, \"A Salute to John Henry.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten notes about John Matheus, WVSC professor; his curriculum vitae, ca. 1953; reprint of an article from the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCLA Journal\u003c/emph\u003e by him, 1972.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch notes about Revella Hughes\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch notes about William Hill for \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eGoldenseal\u003c/emph\u003e article about Tuskegee Airmen.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch on John Brown including materials from the National Parks Service's John Brown Conference, 2000; an annotated Langston Hughes' poem \"October 16;\" and \"A Psychological Examination of John Brown.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo newspaper clippings: one about Fannie Cobb Carter and one about Memphis Tennessee Garrison\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eObituary and other information about Major General Charles \"Jackie\" Calvin Rogers. Documents regarding the naming of a United States Army Reserve Center for him. Text of NB's speech.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eGoldenseal \u003c/emph\u003earticle about John Wesley Harris. Facsimile of newspaper clipping about Maude Beatrice Bell Plowden.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTranscript of interview with AB by Ohio State University's WOSU about Della Brown Taylor [Hardman], a graduate of Garnet High School, artist, and teacher at WVSC.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch notes. Transcript of conversation with Bruce Rogers regarding Aunt Jemima and Bruce Family history. Facsimiles of newspaper articles regarding Aunt Jemima.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBackground research about the Sargent School of Physical Education; Sydney Taylor Brown who graduated from there and then WVSC; black women in the American Red Cross; and black women's service in WWII. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAmerican Legacy\u003c/emph\u003e, Winter 1999. Research notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFacsimile of pages from \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHistory of the American Negro,\u003c/emph\u003e W.Va. Edition, vol. VII, [edited] by [A. D.] Caldwell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrint outs of web pages regarding the Tuskegee Airmen. Photograph of monument in Walterboro, SC. Newspaper clippings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials pertaining to Carter G. Woodson including: journal and magazine articles; facsimile of book pages; newspaper clippings; and a masters degree thesis. Text of speeches and programs for speeches by both AB and NB. Invitation to a reception to honor Sen. and Mrs. John F. Kennedy in Huntington, April 20, 1960.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoems, correspondence, and other writings by Bessie Yancey, Carter G. Woodson's sister. Photocopies of journal articles and WV Collegiate Institute publications. Special Carter G. Woodson issue of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCommunity, \u003c/emph\u003epublished by Friendship House, Winter 1970. Issue of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Journal of Negro History\u003c/emph\u003e, July 1968.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials on Mollie Gabe, also known as Mary Elizabeth Johnson, midwife from Falls Mill, Braxton County.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials about John P. Parker, a former slave who was active in the UGRR in Ohio. Parker was also an inventor and a business man.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials about Elizabeth Simpson Drewry, McDowell County representative to the WV House of Delegates.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters to Bessie W. Yancey, CGW's sister. Research materials. Poem \"The Forgotten Boys.\" Correspondence re: restoration of the CGW home. Carter G. Woodson Memorial Committee and Foundation materials. Text of speech by AB. CGW stamps. Dedication of statue of CGW. Correspondence re: Ann Eliza Riddle Woodson family property. CGW genealogy prepared by Nelson Barnett, Jr. Letter from CGW to Bessie Woodson Yancey. Text of paper \"Carter G. Woodson: the West Virginia Connection.\" Photographs of CGW and kin.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence from CGW to Bessie W. Yancey, re: house in Huntington, 1941. Book contract between Bessie W. Yancey for \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEchoes in the Hills \u003c/emph\u003eand CGW's company, The Associated Publishers, 1939. Letter re: book to CGW from BWY, 1939. Letter from John W. Davis, President WVSC, to BWY, 1945, re: Nelson Bickley. Letter from BWY to Louis R. Mehlinger re: loss of two brothers, 1950. Envelope, no contents, from Joel A Rogers, 1951. Envelope, no contents, from The Associated Publishers, 1958. Photographic negative of BWY.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials including newspaper clippings, correspondence, articles, and research notes on Carter G. Woodson; Bessie W. Yancey; Black History Month; restoration of the Woodson home; and the Woodson family. Annotated copy of the paper \"Carter G. Woodson: the West Virginia Connection.\" Facscimiles of Otis Woodson and CGW photos. Photo of Bessie Woodson Yancey and letter from BWY to CGW re: poetry. Edited entry for CGW from \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Encyclopedia of Black America\u003c/emph\u003e. List of WV Collegiate Institutue, 1920/21 and 1921/22. Facsimile of correspondence between CGW and BWY re: house.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials on J. McHenry Jones including facsimiles of obituaries; other newspaper clippings; and transcriptions of clippings. Photo of Hazlewood Assembly Hall. Notes [speech?] on JMJ. Timeline with sources. Paper about JMJ by AB. Jones family history.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePages copied from book \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Hidden Years of Stonewall Jackson \u003c/emph\u003epurporting that he fathered a black child. From Merle Moore.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials on Tuskegee Airmen including John L. Whitehead, Jr. and William Lee Hill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eText of a speech? \"African Americans in the West Virginia Legislature.\" Letter from C.A. Blankenship to \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Negro History Bulletin\u003c/emph\u003e adding names of Negroes who served in the WV Legislature, 1964. \"West Virginia's Black Female Legislators\" ca. 1991. Facsimile of photo with caption: \"President Harry S. Truman being shown a copy of America's first Black pictorial magazine. [There is some question which came first \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eColor\u003c/emph\u003e or \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEbony]\u003c/emph\u003e Left to right: Sippi Coleman, Pres. Truman, W.VA. Congressman, Dr. I.J.K. Wells Editor and Publisher of Color,\" ca. 1948. Newspaper clipping of article re: female legislators, 1998.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFacsimile of photo of \"Gabriel, Pardoned by VA Governor Tim Kaine, June 26, 2007.\" Research notes. Paper \"Major General Gwen McMillion Bingham,\" ca. 2011 with newspaper clipping. Facsimile of unidentified photograph of woman in uniform. Paper \"'Who Was William Cathay?' adapted from a piece in the St. Louis Daily Times, January 2, 1876.\" Poem \"Cathay Williams,\" 1997. Facsimile of enlarged photo of face of unidentified soldier. Summary/timeline for Cathay Williams/William Cathay.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDraft of \"Elizabeth Simpson Drewry, 1894-1979\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCovers a wide range of topics on the history of Cabell County; Huntington, WV; and adjacent Ohio counties. Notable are Nelson Barnett's transcriptions of late 19th century Huntington newspaper articles regarding blacks. Also included are newspaper clippings, monographs, photos, biographies, and interviews about veterans, church history, education, organizations, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"References and Briefs to Miscellaneous Newspaper Articles, [June 15, 1872-October 21, 1898, and June 4, 1922-May 20, 1928]\" compiled by Nelson Barnett, Jr., 1988, from Huntington newspapers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Black Veterans of World War I from Cabell County, W.Va., 1918.\" \"Past Imperfect, 1902: Articles of Interest, [Nov. 13, 1901-Dec. 31, 1901]\" compiled by Nelson Barnett, Jr. from Huntington newspapers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Past-Imperfect, 1901: Articles of Interest, [Jan. 7, 1901-May 28, 1901]\" compiled by Nelson Barnett, Jr. from Huntington newspapers\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResources about blacks in Huntington and Cabell County. Includes a bibliography of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eGoldenseal \u003c/emph\u003earticles about blacks. Other resources are church histories, listings of names, facsimiles of book chapters and papers, newspaper clippings, interviews, handwritten research notes, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Progress of the Huntington Negro\" by Prof. J. W. Scott\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"A Black History of Huntington\" by Edna Duckworth, 1976. Genealogy for Edna Duckworth. \"Biohistrogenetics Project Proposal\" to the Carter G. Woodson Memorial Foundation, 1996-1997; Duckworth is listed as the visionary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarriage records, late 19th century, Cabell County.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with Clara Knight. Facsimiles of Greenbottom Church, Huntington, records listing black members. Records regarding John Ball freeing his slaves, 1793. Map of Millersport, OH, 1887.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with Bill Lindsay re: blacks in Huntington and Pocahontas County\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo newspaper clippings: one about Nellie Fransisco [sic] and AB's research about blacks on the Ohio River.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"A Black History of Huntington\" by Edna Duckworth, [1976]. Census data for black families in Lawrence County, Ohio; 1850, 1860.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotos of black workers in C\u0026amp;O shop including Anderson Radford, AB's grandfather. Correspondence; transcription of newspaper articles; research notes; biographical sketches; photos of Goodes; newspaper clippings; church histories and programs; facsimiles of book pages; transcription of interviews; and bibliography.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch notes. Photos. Paper \"Black People and the Huntington Experience.\" Project, \"A Sojourn for Truth: Revisiting Black History Along the Ohio River,\" overview. Research materials re: Huntington, Cabell County, and parts of Ohio. Transcript of interview with Suzette Spencer. \"The West Virginia Colored Children's Home\" by Ancella R. Bickley. \"Poke Patch/Black Fork, Ohio\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch notes on Douglass School. Typewritten notes on Douglass School, 1891-1924. Notes from conversation with Nellie Francisco. Handwritten transcription of article, 1902.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCovers research about blacks in Charlestown and Harpers Ferry as well as other locations in Jefferson County. Materials include obituaries, school histories, correspondence, cemetery records, research notes, and more about school integration, Storer College, slave collars, Fisherman's Hall, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials regarding blacks in Charlestown. Obituary for former slave George Jenkins in Huntington, 1917.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePaper about St. Philip's parochial school by James A. Tolbert. Materials re: Sons of Confederate Veterans tablet in Harper's Ferry. Other research materials re: Jefferson County and Charlestown.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotos of a slave collar. Correspondence re: acquiring the collar for the Henrietta slave ship exhibit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with James Tolbert re: black CCC camp, McDowell County; Black History Conference; Fisherman's Hall, Charlestown, restoration; Harewood Cemetery, Jefferson County; marker for Martin Delany, Charlestown.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials re: Harpers Ferry, the National Park, and Storer College.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTypewritten text of speech at Shepherd College, 2004. Transcript \"Discussion of Integration of Schools in Jefferson County: Jim Tolbert.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten research notes mostly re: John Brown and Harpers Ferry, ca. 2000.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCovers research about blacks in the WV Capitol, Charleston, and other locations in Kanawha County. Topics covered include slavery in the salt industry, biographies, wine cellars, and buildings. Contents include correspondence, facsimiles of documents, research papers, obituaries, newspaper clippings and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials about slavery in West Virginia with focus on Kanawha County and the salt industry\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials on black attorney Thomas Gillis Nutter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials on Charleston, WV including: \"Unpublished Black History in the Early Kanawha Valley\" by William D. Wintz; \"Blacks in Charleston, West Virginia: A Survey of Their Presence in the Community and Occupational and Residential Patterns in the Early 1900s\" by Mary Johnson, WVU student. Research materials regarding Oscar Wayman Holmes, the first African American naval aviator and obituaries for C.H. James, prominent black businessman. Text of speech, \"Black People in Charleston,\" 1994.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials on the Dutch Hollow wine cellars in Dunbar.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDocuments regarding Samuel W. Starks and the Starks House in Charleston. Correspondence regarding its being put on the National Register of Historic Places.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with Eugene Washington re: Phillis Wheatley School and Albert G. Brown, architect.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExcludes Cabell, Jefferson, and Kanawha Counties which have separate subseries. Includes research materials about slavery, school integration, lynching, historic homes, and more researched by Bickley for these counties: Wayne, McDowell, Harrison, Greenbrier, Hardy, Fayette, Monongalia, Upshur, Wood, and Monroe; as well as the cities of Bluefield, Buckhannon, Keystone, Weirton, Weston, and Wheeling. Research materials include photographs, correspondence, brochures, newspaper clippings, book pages, articles, interviews, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVarious documents regarding blacks in Wayne County, WV; the Livisay family; writings by Tim R. Massey, 1981; the Lindsey family; photograph and negatives of a photograph of a black family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials on McDowell County, WV, with focus on the towns of Keystone and Keystone. Letters and notes from Adolphus A. Young, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram for \"Freedom Is a Struggle: Glimpses of African-American Life in the Greenbrier Valley of [West] Virginia.\" Brochure \"Black Historic Sites in Lewisburg, West Virginia.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewspaper clipping about Sarah Hall, black lawyer. Facsimiles of research materials. \"The History of the Negro in McDowell County and in West Virginia Leading Up to and Including the Integration of Schools\" by Dr. Douglass T. Murray. Typewritten notes from Adolphus Young, Jr. Correspondence with Alphonso Dalton, Jr. regarding MTG and black McDowell County families\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFacsimile of 1952 newspaper article regarding slaves listed in 1848 Harrison County tax book. Slave owners are listed and includes Nathan Goff.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePaper, author unidentified, regarding lynching in WV. Research materials about slaves in Greenbrier County\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence regarding letter from a slave asking to be purchased by Stump family [1851]. Facsimile of letter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch notes and resources regarding Glenwood, historic home in Charleston. Clarksburg newspaper article of reminiscences of a former slave, Ann Freeman and others. Clarksburg newspaper article regarding Union Veterans Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials for Fayette County including contacts list, newspaper articles, maps, facsimiles of pages from books, student research paper, church histories, handwritten research notes, and grant applications. Correspondence with and Lucille Meadows and her handwritten reminiscences.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewspaper articles, facsimiles of historical records. Partial manuscript for \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTo Be Black in Fayette \u003c/emph\u003eand annotated pages. \"Black Politics in Fayette County, West Virginia, 1896-1918\" by Daniel Wright. Text of speech by Daniel Wright. Brochure titled \"Camp Washington-Carver: a Compendium of the First African-American 4-H Camp.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials and research notes: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMonongalia Blacks Speak\u003c/emph\u003e: Women, Part II and Men, Part I, Holland family, schools. Interview with Grace Edwards Waters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials about Weirton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials about Upshur County. Facsimiles of articles written by R.H. Ralston, Sr. regarding Buckhannon's black history; newspaper clippings. \"A History of Blacks in Buckhannon: The Recollections of Harriet Warfield,\" an interview with Harriet Warfield, 1977.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials regarding blacks in Wheeling. \"Wheeling's Black Population: A General Perspective\" written and presented by Darryl Clausell, Pat Dudley, with contributors Kathryn Snead and Dorothy Cooper, 1990. Correspondence with Margaret Brennan. Photo of AB, Pat Dudley, Brennan, and Annie Tanks at an Oral History Seminar in Wheeling.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence regarding Memphis Tennessee Garrison. Research materials on Gary and other McDowell County locales: newspaper clippings, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eGoldenseal\u003c/emph\u003e article.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePapers by Wheeling Jesuit Students Joel Michael Coulson and Beau Conway.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch resources regarding blacks in Fayette County, WV, including transcripts of oral history interviews with Lucille Meadows, Mrs. Turner, Charista Davis, Lula Lall Jones, Rosa Roach and Jessie Barrett; correspondence, church histories and programs. Includes Smoot family information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTranscripts of interviews with Alease Watkins, David W. Turner, Russell Lee Matthews, and Elsie Choice Hopkins. Also, includes research notes, newspaper clippings, a grant application, facsimiles of book pages, and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhoto of Lomax Hospital in Bluefield. Brochures for Afro-Appalachian Performance Company. Correspondence with Joseph Bundy re: history alive performances. Research materials about black Bluefield hospitals.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with Ray Swick re: blacks in Wood County. Research notes. Correspondence with the Wood County Bicentennial Commission re: speech.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCourt record for \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMullens v. County Court\u003c/emph\u003e, 1932. Facsimile of WV entry from \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e100 Years of Lynchings\u003c/emph\u003e by Ralph Ginzburg. \"The Greenbrier County Lynching: a Study of West Virginian Justices\" by Ancella Bickley Livers. \"'Reading the Names,' Program at Virginia State University.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch notes re: Parkersburg black history. Facsimile of letter and transcription of letter from ex-slave Isaac Fairfax to George Washington Henderson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Charles (Charley) Goddard re: Greenbrier County history and Sharlotta Gardner contact information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopy of photo and negative of lynching. Photos of black children. Note from Maurice Allman, Hacker's Creek Pioneer Descendants. Transcripts of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eWeston Democrat\u003c/emph\u003e articles re: 1892 lynching of Edgar Jones. Transcripts re: 1910 lynching. Research notes on these incidents. Application for the Weston Colored School to be placed on the National Register of Historical Places. Research notes re: Weston State Hospital. Correspondence re: dedication of the Central West Virginia Genealogical and Historical Library, formerly the Weston Colored School. Handwritten transcription of interview with Rahleen Gardner who attended the School. Transcript of conversation with Mrs. Joy Gilchrist, 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTranscripts of interviews with Mr. Waldo Lacy and Mrs. Gladys Lacy. Facsimile of newspaper article of speech by T.J. Ferguson, 1870. Research materials on the Sumner School. History of Parkersburg from Bernie Allen. Facsimile of books pages, newspaper articles, and transcription of newspaper articles. Parkersburg Art Center brochure featuring Joseph Eldridge Dodd. Text for slide show (no slides). Typewritten outline of \"Parkersburg Study.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFacsimiles of newspaper articles. Correspondence with Ray Swick, Blennerhassett Island State Park. Research materials about blacks in Wood County. Research notes. \"A History of Sumner School\" written by Sally Browning, 1996. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Island Packet\u003c/emph\u003e from the Friends of Blennerhassett Island.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBackground research on blacks in Monroe County. Correspondence with Fawn Valentine and Presidents of the Monroe County Historical Society. \"Bishop Matthew W. Clair, Sr.: a Biography\" by Dr. Margaret B. Ballard, 1973.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes programs, bulletins, correspondence, research notes, and histories of black West Virginia churches in Fayetteville, Charleston, Charlestown, Fairmont, St. Albans, Parkersburg, Huntington, and Alderson. Also includes a history of churches and lodges in West Virginia as well as histories of the Odd Fellows, Knights of Pythias, and the Galilean Fisherman lodges. Denominations represented include African Methodist Episcopal, Episcopalian, and Baptist.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with Lucile S. Meadows regarding help with the Second Baptist Church, Fayetteville, Centennial; racial tolerance in schools\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"125th Anniversary Journal\" First Baptist Church, February 1, 1868-February 28, 1993, Charleston, WV\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTime line for black Episcopalians in WV. \"The First Hundred Years: a History of St. Philip's Episcopal Church, Charles Town.\" Research notes and sources. Humanities Foundation of WV grant application by Florita Montgomery to study the history of St. Phillips' Episcopal Church. Information on the Trinity Church in Parkersburg. Photograph including some black congregants.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1907 Weekly Bulletin of Diamond St. M.E. Church in Fairmont\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBook titled \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMiracle on B Street Continues\u003c/emph\u003e about St. Paul Baptist Church's (St. Albans) 131st anniversary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter re: slide presentation at the Young Chapel African American Methodist Episcopal Church. Program for the 94th Church Anniversary. Handwritten time line and other notes. Booklet of photographs, text of Bickley's speech, newspaper clipping.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Black Churches and Lodges in West Virginia in Their Infancy, 1865-1900\" by J. Reuben Sheeler. \"History of Bright Hope Lodge #9, F.\u0026amp;A.M. and - P.H.A. Montgomery WV.\" Facsimile of pages \"Introduction and Growth of the Grand United States Order of Odd Fellows in America.\" Notes \"Knights of Pythias of West Virginia History\" researched by James A. Tolbert. Notes about \"Grand United Order of the Galilean Fisherman\" compiled by Ann Wilson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEmail correspondence with Adrienne Belafonte re: a newspaper article about the Shiloh Baptist Church in Alderson. Clipping of the article.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram for First Baptist Church 125th Anniversary, 1997. Program for installation of Rev. William F. Buchanan, First Baptist Church, 1988.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes newspaper clippings, text for presentations, correspondence, research notes, articles, commencement programs, interviews and more about state and national teachers' organizations, historically black WV colleges including West Virginia State College and West Virginia University, integration of schools, histories of specific schools, the Kanawha County textbook controversy, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewspaper articles: WV Education Association (WVEA) Executive Committee meeting, the National Education Association (NEA) and the need for minority teachers; and recommendations from the Black Caucus, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eWV School Journal\u003c/emph\u003e, December 15, 1973. Photograph of Blacks in auditorium seating, ca. 1950s\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMultiple facsimiles of a post card picturing Albert Long, \"Bertie\" -- Aunt Onie's Son. West Virginia State College Commencement Programs: 1948, 1950, 1951\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInformation sheets and travel plans for trip to Egypt, July 5, 1987, sponsored by WVSC. Passport and Visa information written on folder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVarious versions of text for a multi-media program on the history of West Virginia State College (WVSC) and Institute, WV\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter to Edmonia Grider from Marjorie [Counts] regarding the Hilltop School, October 7, 1974.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript discussing integration and black teachers in WV, author unknown. Speech (?) regarding school integration. Research notes. Annotated speech: \"Black Education in West Virginia\" delivered in Shepherdstown.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials on the integration of WV schools: facsimiles of WV newspaper articles regarding integration of schools; \"How Black Students Saw Themselves through the Decades of Change at Bluefield State College (founded in 1895) as It Changed from Predominately Black Institution to a Predominantly White Institution\" by James Worsham\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram for the Alpha Delta Chapter, Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc. 19th annual Jabberwock, March 16th, 1949. Dance invitation, 1948. WVSC Commencement program, 1949. Washington Alumni Chapter banquet, 1976, to roast John W. Davis. Newspaper articles\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eVocational and Educational Survey for the Kanawha County Negro Schools\u003c/emph\u003e by Andrew H. Calloway, 1945.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, photos, newsletter, and newspaper clippings regarding the Douglass High School (Huntington) Reunion. Notes on class of 1947. Newspaper clipping regarding NB. Photo YWCA Y-Teens, Douglas High School, Christmas, 1946.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch notes on schools in Keyser and Piedmont, WV, including a facsimile of book pages from \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHoward School: a History, 1877-1955\u003c/emph\u003eregarding a black student strike for a better school in 1939. Notes on interview with Alberta Coleman, Piedmont, WV. Notes from interview with Opal Coates Carter, and other research notes, regarding Woolworth Fire, Charleston, WV, [ca. 1964s].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCompilation, by R. Charles Byers, of resources regarding WV black schools.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated pages for \"Integration in West Virginia\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBulletin of West Virginia State College\u003c/emph\u003e, Series 21, no. 1, June 1933. \"Why Choose West Virginia State College\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAffirmative action statistics for Bluefield State College, 1984. \"Pride and Preservation: West Virginia State College\" seminars which included Alex Haley as a speaker, 1979. Newspaper article re: archives at West Virginia State College, 1979. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSouthern Rural Women's Network Newsletter\u003c/emph\u003e, June, 1983. Photograph of Alex Haley with inscription and signed letter from Alex Haley to NB, 1970.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch notes and materials for research on education in Mason County, WV\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials regarding the Lincoln School in Wheeling, WV\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eWest Virginia State College Bulletin\u003c/emph\u003e, April 1941, Series 28, No. 2. Handwritten transcription of an article in \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Advocate\u003c/emph\u003e, 1907.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram for One Hundred Fifth Commencement, Huntington High School, 1971. Photo of AB, West Virginia State College Commencement, May 17, 1986.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eReport of the Twenty-first Annual NEA Conference on Human and Civil Rights in Education\u003c/emph\u003e, 1983, including paper by AB on the Kanawha County textbook controversy and censorship.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFacsimile of a brief historical sketch of Storer College, 1867-1891, by Kate J. Anthony, 1891.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewspaper clippings and other sources relating to the West Virginia Seminary and College and the Hilltop Baptist Center.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Integration in Reverse at West Virginia State College\" by Elizabeth Duran and James A. Duran, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, interviews, newspaper clippings, and facsimiles of photos re: WVSC's East Hall. Research notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWV Humanities Council grant application for a presentation on black education in Parkersburg. Research materials and notes. Handwritten and typed notes from interviews with Mrs. Dorsey, Mr. James Emondson, Mrs. Hattie Gazelle Turner, and Mrs. Elizabeth Mitchell. Particular focus on the Sumner School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhoto slides of WVSC buildings, presidents, etc. Post cards of WVSC buildings and Institute. Note cards from a lecture. Research materials on all aspects of WVSC history.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials on many aspects of WVSC history including faculty information. Includes these publications: \"ROTC in Review: 40 Years of Tradition;\" \"West Virginia State College Glee Club;\" Alumni Association, Los Angeles Chapter, Scholarship Luncheon program, 1989;\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram for Convocation and Dedication of the Harold Maceo McNeill Physical Facilities Plant, WVSC, 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from AB re: retirement of Justine Gutzmer; retirement announcement for Gerald Cote, Beatrice Dupass, Gutzmer, and Darthulia Jones. Facsimile of WWII death notice of Oliver Johnson to his parents and his obituary. Johnson was Gutzmer's brother.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBooklet of texts and order of ceremonies for the WVSC commencement program, 1985.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes background research on the Montgomery Woman's Improvement League, the West Virginia Federation of Colored Women's Clubs, Alpha Omicron Omega Chapter of the Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, the Mountain State Bar Association, and the West Virginia Medical Society. Research materials include a yearbook, programs, correspondence, a members list, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMontgomery Woman's Improvement League Year Book\u003c/emph\u003e, 1955-56 and 1960-61. Program for West Virginia State Federation of Colored Women's Clubs, Inc. Annual Convention, 1959. Newspaper photojournalism article regarding the College Alumni Club 50th anniversary history booklet. Program for the Annual Debutante Ball sponsored by Alpha Omicron Omega Chapter, Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, 1958. Correspondence with Katherine Atwater regarding resources.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram for the Annual Meeting and Awards Banquet of the Mountain State Bar Association, 1985. List of members, 1986.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePaper titled \"The West Virginia Medical Society [Black]\" Article: \"Historically Black Medical Colleges: From Scorn to Success\" from \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Boule Journal\u003c/emph\u003e, 2004.\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e \u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries includes maps, research papers, newspaper clippings, letters, census data, newspaper articles, facsimiles of historical slave documents, and more. Other materials regarding slavery can be found in county subseries and the Underground Railroad Subseries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWest Virginia map. \"Number of Slaves in Counties Which Became WV\" 1850, 1860. Typescript of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHistorical Atlas of West Virginia \u003c/emph\u003eby Frank S. Riddel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten notes on John Marshall; Marshall and slavery; Marshall and Robin Spurlock, his servant. Typed observations. Resource materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFacsimiles of legislation and resolutions to abolish slavery; and a list of representatives at the state convention in Wheeling.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials. Typewritten manuscript[s] by James Oliver Horton. Codes for occupations. Copy of newspaper article.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewspaper clipping and multiple facsimiles of an article about a slave breeding farm in Greenup, KY.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials about slaves in Ohio Valley plantations and adjacent WV counties. Photocopies of photographs of Mary and plantation sites.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFacsimiles of: newpaper slave ads; Virginia law re: Kanawha Slave Insurance Company; Dunsmore's Proclamation freeing slaves; Va. Law to send slave to Liberia; slaves in Bunker Hill; New York Times article re: slave uprising; and drawing of [Harpers Ferry]. Harpers Ferry National Historical Park Afro-American materials. \"History of Gerrardstown\" in \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Berkeley Journal\u003c/emph\u003e. Handwritten list of properties, including slave names, of Richard B. Washington, [1864]. Letter of transmittl and facsimile of bill of sale for slave, 18[4]5. Transcription of Rumsey-Polk letters re: slaves.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten research notes and research materials regarding reparations for slavery; text of NB speech; typewritten notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated manuscript \"Compensatory Justice: Over Time and Between Groups\" by Renee A. Hill; text of introduction of a speech about reparations; newsapper clippings; web page print outs; articles.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Collection Newsletter \u003c/emph\u003ewith articles re: slave letters. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eWest Virginia Then and Now \u003c/emph\u003earticle re: John Brown's letter. Research re: images of blacks in journalism. Research notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFacsimile of tables of free Negro listings from 1830 census. \"Researching Virginia's Slave and Free Negro Records\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFacsimile of newspaper article, 1934, re: Mount Pisgah Church, Proctorville, OH. \"The Way It Was…\" by Betty Burcham, a history of UGRR and Mount Pisgah Church. Facsimile of will of Eliza Goode freeing Sully Smith, her husband and her slave, 1848. Facsimile of two receipts for purchase of slaves, 1852. Research notes re: Ohio slaves and fugitives to WV.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries includes text of a speech made by Bickley, books, slides, photographs, brochures, post cards, correspondence, maps, and more. The materials focus on parts of Ohio across the river from Huntington as well as West Virginia. Some topics are quilt codes, abolitionists, runaway slaves, location of Underground Railroad sites, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials about Serena Wilson and the book \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHidden in Plain View: The Secret Story of Quilts and the Underground Railroad.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotos \"Trip to Doddridge County to visit Jaco Hill/cave - UGRR Site - w/Karen Nance, Sandra Moats, \u0026amp; Judy Wilinson, 6/20/01. Other research materials\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials on the Underground Railroad with focus on Ohio.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBrochures and post cards regarding the UGRR and the film \"Nightjohn.\" Correspondence with Margaret Brennan, organizer for the UGRR Summit in Wheeling. \"Reflections on the West Virginia UGRR Summit\" by Cathy D. Nelson; photo of AB speaking at the Summit and with Amanda Nelson and Sherry [Sowchuck].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence from Alicestyne Turley-Adams re: Underground Railroad Network Partnership.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with Lucille Deberry and other research materials re: the UGRR, some in West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with Sandra Moats-Burke re: UGRR in WV counties. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eExploring a Common Past: Researching and Interpreting the Underground Railroad\u003c/emph\u003e, 1998, 2nd ed. from the National Park Service. List of UGRR sites in WV.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotograph slides, numbered and identified. Research materials mostly about Ohio. \"Draft Proposal to Establish a National Underground Commemorative, Interpretive, and Research Center, City of Huntington, West Virginia\" 1994. Itinerary for trip to Washington to meet with Interior Dept. officials and Robert C. Byrd's staff.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBook chapter \"In Gallia and Miegs Counties\" from \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Mysteries of Ohio's Underground Railroad\u003c/emph\u003e by Wilbur Henry Siebert, 1951. Facsimile of handwritten narrative by an abolitionist, [1892]. Facsimile of letter from R. C. Rankin re: father Rev. John Rankin, 1892. Research notes on WV runaway slaves. Facsimile of letter to Daniel ? to Cyrus Little re: UGRR, 1894. Map of UGRR, 1860. Requests for copies from the Siebert papers. More facsimiles of records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBackground materials on the Underground Railroad in Ohio.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials including newspaper clippings and research notes on the Underground Railroad\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials re: the Underground Railroad. Research notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFacsimiles of documents pertaining to slaves in Jefferson County, VA. Itinerary for Underground Railroad tours [Ohio?]. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Escape of Jane: a True Story of the Underground Railroad\u003c/emph\u003e by Henry Burke \u0026amp; Dick Croy. Henry Robert Burke correspondence. Brochure on Henderson Hall, Wood County. Dick Croy correspondence and resume. Newspaper articles by Burke. \"Black Cultural Sites in West Virginia\" compiled by Michael Pauley and Peter Jesus, 1990\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with Sandra Moats-Burke re: UGRR. WV and county maps. Facsimile of pages from \"From the Charles River Shire, 1634-1643, to the Present Day Counties: Harrison, Doddridge, Ritchie, Wood, Pleasants and Tyler\" by Barr Wilson. Research materials on the UGRR. Research notes. \"The Anti-Slavery Movement in West Virginia,\" a speech delivered by Sandra Moats Burke.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials re: quilts and the Underground Railroad, 2001-2011. Notes re: Eliza Farrow, 2005. Paper \"The UGRR Quilt Code\" by Leigh Fellner. Research notes; newspaper clipping; facsimile of web page and transcription of story in an email \"Secret Quilt Code on Exhibit until 10/6,\" 2012; and September 2012 issue of Underground Railroad Free Press.\" Mini-grant for UGRR quilts materials, 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eUnderground Railroad: Official National Park Handbook\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes manuscripts and publications for books; plays and reenactor monologues; short stories; magazine and scholarly articles; and other forms of writing in both print and handwriting. Five subseries encompass the various genres of her writing. Also includes background and research materials for the subjects for her writings, both fiction and non-fiction.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes research materials for topics of articles. Subjects and formats treated are: encyclopedia entries in the biographical dictionary African American Architects; drafts and final versions of entries for both people and institutions for the West Virginia Encyclopedia; drafts and final versions of articles about Molly Gabe and Carter G. Woodson for Appalachian Heritage; newspaper articles for the Charleston (WV) Gazette Mail and Village Neighbors (FL) on a number of topics including George Wesley Atkinson, 10th governor of West Virginia, but especially for Black History Month and its founder Carter G. Woodson; Goldenseal articles about a Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) camp, Jessie Moon Thomas, Edward Greer, the Charleston Women's Improvement League, Memphis Tennessee Garrison, and West Virginia's Tuskegee Airmen; contribution to a symposium on diversity and change for Appalachian youth; and a study guide for a Charleston, WV, performance of Zora Neale Hurston's Spunk.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArticles by Ancella Bickley from the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eGoldenseal Magazine\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence regarding use of the Goldenseal article \"Camp War: Remembering CCC Company 3538-C\" in an online education guide by the WV State Museum.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated manuscript and research notes for Goldenseal article \"Education and Activism in Gary: a Visit with Jessie Moon Thomas.\" Correspondence with Mrs. Thomas including notes on the Froe and Moon families.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIssue of the journal \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAppalachian Heritage \u003c/emph\u003econtaining AB article \"Profiles: Mollie Gabe\" by Ancilla \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e[sic] \u003c/emph\u003eBickley.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Remembering Carter G. Woodson, the 'Father of Black History'\" in \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eVillage Neighbors\u003c/emph\u003e, [a publication of the Village in Florida where the Bickley's resided.] Typed notes on Carter G. Woodson. Transcription of letter from Bessie Woodson Yancey, CGW's sister, including text of the poem \"If You Live in West Virginia.\" CGW black history quiz prepared for the Spicy Ladies meeting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTyped text of autobiographical musings about friendship: likens travel in the south in 1952 to the Underground Railroad travel; and includes details about the move to Morgantown in 1966.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eGoldenseal\u003c/emph\u003e regarding \"Edward Greer: First Black General from West Virginia\" and potential story about 1939 black student strike in Piedmont, WV. Manuscripts for Greer article.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence and drafts of a \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eGoldenseal\u003c/emph\u003e article \"Lifting as We Climb\" about the Charleston Woman's Improvement League. Research materials including facsimiles of photographs. Newspaper article about Judge Irene Berger, McDowell County.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials on Carl Eugene Barnett and Robert Edward Lee Washington for entries in \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAfrican American Architects: A Biographical Dictionary, 1865-1945\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpiral bound program for\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e A Different World: Symposium on Diversity, Change, and Appalachian Youth,\u003c/emph\u003e 2006, where Bickley was a panelist.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAppalachian Heritage\u003c/emph\u003e, Summer 2008, which includes \"Carter G. Woodson: the West Virginia Connection\" by Ancella Bickley\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAppalachian Heritage\u003c/emph\u003e, Special Issue: Blacks in Appalachia, 1991, which includes Bickley's \"Molly Gabe\" in the Profiles section.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eGoldenseal\u003c/emph\u003e, Winter 2011, containing AB's article \"General Edward Greer: West Virginia's First Black General.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with Dreck S. Wilson re: contribution to the book \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBiographical Dictionary of African-American Architects, 1865-1945.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials about George Wesley Atkinson, tenth governor of WV who attended Howard University. Paper titled \"West Virginia's Tenth Governor and the Black Community\" and newspaper article by AB.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch materials re: the West Virginia Colored Orphans Home. Newspaper article written by AB. Testimonial for Fannie Cobb Carter. Research notes. Facsimiles of photos. Transcript of interview with Araminta Miller Justice. AB's paper about the Home.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript drafts and final versions for entries in the West Virginia Encyclopedia. Materials from West Virginia Humanities Council meetings re: the format and content of the Encyclopedia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAppalachian Heritage, Special Issue: Blacks in Appalachia, \u003c/emph\u003eFall 1991, with article by AB in the Profiles Section on Mollie Gabe.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMusings written to friends, 1996. Clipping of \"Commentary: Capable of Thinking, Working…and Paying Her Own Bills,\" 1979, Ancella Bickley Jr.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProcessor-created bibliography of Ancella Bickley's writings\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes books written, complied, or edited by Bickley, and background research materials and drafts of manuscripts. Books Bickley wrote include: a children's book, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e LuJay, No-Name, and the Parrot\u003c/emph\u003e, also titled \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eLucia Jean, No Name, and the Parrot\u003c/emph\u003e ; \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e …to be black in fayette\u003c/emph\u003e [sic]; \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e History of the West Virginia State Teacher's Association\u003c/emph\u003e; and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e In Spite of Obstacles: a History of the West Virginia Schools for Colored Deaf and Blind\u003c/emph\u003e. Books edited by Bickley include: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHonoring Our Past: Proceedings of the First Two Conferences on West Virginia's Black History\u003c/emph\u003e; \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMemphis Tennessee Garrison: the Remarkable Story of a Black Appalachian Woman\u003c/emph\u003e; and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e Our Mount Vernons: Historic Register Listing of Sites Significant to the Black History of West Virginia\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTyped manuscripts, 1-14 parts, of 1968 oral history interview with Garrison by Bernard Cleveland, with AB notes and Post-it-Note tabs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDraft of book introduction; correspondence; photos and negatives for book: MTG and family, Gary WV, mining, Edward O'Toole, facsimiles of photos. Facsimiles of William Garrison's obituary, letter of condolence from Agatha S. Lowe. Program for MTG celebration at Marshall. Personal notes of congratulations on book. Photograph permissions. Facsimile of deed for MTG's grandfather's property, Hollins, VA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"The Charleston Stage Company's Study Guide for George C. Wolfe's Adaptation of Zora Neale Hurston's \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSpunk\u003c/emph\u003e\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHonoring Our Past: Proceedings of the First Two Conferences on West Virginia's Black History\u003c/emph\u003e edited by Joe William Trotter, Jr. and Ancella Bickley\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eText and illustrations for [children's] book \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eLucia Jean, No Name, and the Parrot\u003c/emph\u003e as told to Ancella. Original illustrations by S. Ross Browne.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript for \"Papers from the Conference on West Virginia's Black History, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia, September 1991\" Facsimile of a book chapter \"Negro Education and Integration.\" Facsimile of photograph of students at Weston Colored School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpiral bound \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Gathering\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eOur Mount Vernons: Historic Register Listings of Sites Significant to the Black History of West Virginia\u003c/emph\u003e edited by Ancella R. Bickley.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHistory of the West Virginia State Teachers' Association\u003c/emph\u003e by Ancella R. Bickley; program for The Carter G. Woodson Memorial Foundation, Inc. annual banquet, 2006; research notes on \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHistory of Negro Secondary Education in McDowell County, WV.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eIn Spite of Obstacles: a History of the West Virginia Schools for the Colored Deaf and Blind, 1926-1955\u003c/emph\u003e by Ancella Bickley.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMemphis Tennessee Garrison: the Remarkable Story of a Black Appalachian Woman\u003c/emph\u003e edited by Ancella R. Bickley and Lynda Ann Ewen.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eOur Mount Vernons: Historic Register Listings of Sites Significant to the Black History of West Virginia\u003c/emph\u003e edited by Ancella R. Bickley. Program for Second Baptist Church in Fayetteville, 1993\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript for \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e…to be black in fayette\u003c/emph\u003e written and compiled by Ancella R. Bickley for The Centennial Committee of the Second Baptist Church of Fayetteville, West Virginia, and The Fayette County Black Caucus.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePermissions to publish papers in \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHonoring Our Past: Procedures of the First Two Conferences on West Virginia's Black History\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with Joe William Trotter. Research notes. Materials relating to the Second Annual Conference on West Virginia's Black History and a paper on James McHenry Jones. Trotter's syllabus for a seminar \"The Afro-American Experience.\" \"Blacks in West Virginia: A Critique of the Secondary Literature and Survey of Primary Sources\" by Joe W. Trotter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGalley proof of the children's book, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eLuJay, No-Name, and the Parrot \u003c/emph\u003eby Ancella R Bickley, illustrated by S. Ross Browne. Handwritten list of names.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e…to be black in fayette\u003c/emph\u003e written and compiled by Ancella R. Bickley for The Centennial Committee of the Second Baptist Church of Fayetteville, West Virginia and The Fayette County Black Caucus.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes full plays, skits, and historical interpreter scripts depicting characters such as: Ester from the Bible; West Virginia men and women such as Molly Gabe from Braxton County; Deborah Lacks Pullum, daughter of Henrietta Lacks; and many more. Includes manuscripts for a collaboration with Maureen Crocket in writing \"Tangled Threads: a Three Act Play\" and other plays. For \"Two Saint Say,\" a play performed at the Central Florida Community College, materials include an audition announcement, program, newspaper clipping, and correspondence. Also included is a newspaper clipping and details about Bickley's winning the Florida Senior Playwright Festival contest with \"Wade in the Water.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewspaper article about the play \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTwo Saint Say\u003c/emph\u003e and its performance.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Historical Information Re: Milly, Enslaved Black Woman on Whom the Character, OAGE, in \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eToussaint Say\u003c/emph\u003e Is Based\" Handwritten research notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript for \"Wade in the Water: a Play in One Act\" by Ancella R. Bickley. Correspondence regarding performance.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscripts and notes for \"Mother Love: a Three Act Play\" by Ancella Bickley and Maureen Crockett. Annotated text.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram for performance of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTwo Saint Say\u003c/emph\u003e at the Central Florida Community College, February-March, [2008] Print of online article from the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eOcala Star Banner\u003c/emph\u003e added by processor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTwo Saint Say\u003c/emph\u003e and AB typed comments\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated \"In the Name of Woman.\" Facsimile of pages from 1909 court docket book, County of Allegheny (PA) and court case upon which the play is based.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with Maureen 'Bunny' Crockett and Bobbi (bjslake@comcast.net) regarding changes to the play \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTangled Threads\u003c/emph\u003e. Typed pages with annotations regarding black history. \"Mother Love: a Three Act Play\" by Ancella Bickley and Maureen Crockett.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewspaper clipping for \"Villager's Work Winds Playwright Contest.\"\" Congratulatory email for selection of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eWade in the Water\u003c/emph\u003e for the Florida Senior Playwright Festival. Email commenting on inspiration for various plays. Lyrics for the spiritual \"Wade in the Water.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScripts for historical interpreters for Deborah Lacks Pullum, Henrietta Lacks' daughter; and Henrietta Lacks. \"It Ain't Her: a One Act Play.\" Script for historical interpreter for Ona \"Oney\" Judge; Robert Smalls, 1839-1915; Callie House; and Percy Julian. Research notes on Dr. James Marion Sims and other projects. Program for WVU Honors College Symposium \"With a Torch in Their Souls: African Americans in the Civil War\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScript for historical interpreter for Charles Hamilton Houston presented for the African-American Club, 2011; Gabriel; and Henrietta Lacks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch notes. Text of play \"And Further She Sayeth Naught.\" Text of play \"Heritage: an Historical Drama in Three Acts\" by Ancella Bickley and Maureen Crockett.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTwo Saint Say: A Play in Two Acts\u003c/emph\u003e. Auditions announcement. Correspondence regarding the production. Proposal to produce the play from the director Bobbi Jordan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence regarding Megan Forrest, actress. Double sided card featuring photos of Ms. Forrest and a brief overview of future endeavors.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBrief plays regarding voting issues including: lack of attention to candidates and issues, campaign spending, voter assistance, pay for voting, etc. Unidentified group photograph. Handwritten dialog.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTwo Saint Say: a Play in Two Acts \u003c/emph\u003e[performed at] Central Florida Community College, Ocala, Florida, February 29-March 1, 2008.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubmission form for \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eWade in the Wate\u003c/emph\u003er for the Florida Senior Playwright Festival. Manuscript for Wade in the Water. Email update for Festival.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript for \"The Crossing,\" a play. Photocopied page regarding Mollie Gabe and her time in Braxton County.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTyped manuscript for a play \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTangled Threads\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"On This Rock,\" a play; one annotated. Handwritten notes on \"A Last Right\" and \"A Good Christian Woman.\" Recommended edits to Bickley's writing? Short stories, \"The User\" and \"Feelin' the Heat\" by Charles Lloyd.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTraditions: A Journal of West Virginia Folk Culture and Educational Awareness\u003c/emph\u003e, 1996, which includes Bickley's \"The Baby Catcher\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpiral bound \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTwo Saint Say: a Play in Two Acts\u003c/emph\u003e by Ancella Bickley\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch and performance notes for \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTangled Threads: A Three Act Play\u003c/emph\u003e by Ancella R. Bickley and Maureen Crockett. Lists of guests who read parts, 2014. Comments from readers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTangled Threads\u003c/emph\u003e, 2008.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTangled Threads\u003c/emph\u003e labeled \"Work Copy\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTangled Threads\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated \"I-John,\" a play.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTable of contents for Skit of Ester, 2010. Web page re: Esther. Typed page re: Haman, Mordecai, and Esther. Chapter summaries. Typed paper about Queen Vashti. Two typewritten pages from larger document. Letter to Jerome re: return of skit manuscript. Letter to Jerome re: transmittal of skit text and masks for players. Handwritten, not AB's handwriting, notes. Three \"masks,\" made from paper fans, and for 6 characters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes manuscripts and edited manuscripts for many stories and a collection of short stories, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTurn Left at the Desert\u003c/emph\u003e . Bickley's stories are mostly historical character studies and include themes such as faith and community. One highlight is a critical review of Bickley's short story \"Martha,\" a part of the anthology \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAppalachian Love Stories\u003c/emph\u003e .\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscripts: \"Gabe,\" \"Turn Left at the Desert: Verbal 'Snapshots' from a Black Community\" contents, \"Jones,\" \"The Church on the Corner,\" and \"Sister Angelica.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated story manuscripts. \"'Jones': Manuscript Submitted for Workshop, Women Writers Conference\" and reviewed by Faith [Holsart?]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated manuscript for the story \"On This Rock;\" the play \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTangled Threads\u003c/emph\u003e; and the story \"It Ain't Her\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence regarding writing critiques. Text of \"Mr. Adams,\" \"The Church on the Corner,\" \"Gabe,\" \"Angie's Uncle Robert,\" three versions of \"Mr. Abe Jackson,\" \"The Battle of the Bottle,\" \"DoeDoe,\" \"Addie,\" \"Lesey, Who Was Black, But Comely,\" \"The Lavender Hat,\" and \"A Day in the Park.\" AB commentary on stories.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReview of \"Martha.\" Text of \"Martha.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscripts and notes for \"It Ain't Her,\" \"Belli: 'Momma Raised Me Up Special',\" The Battle of the Bottle,\" \"Bertha,\" \"Friends,\" and \"Martha.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript for stories for Turn Left at the Desert\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript for stories for Turn Left at the Desert: \"It Ain't Her,\" \"Hush Now, Child\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExcerpt from a review of AB's story, [\"Martha\"], in \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAppalachian Love Stories\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShort stories for \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTurn Left at the Desert.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated manuscript for \"Bertha,\" a short story.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAppalachian Love Stories\u003c/emph\u003e compiled and edited by James M. Gifford, Edwina Pendarvis; includes \"Martha\" by Ancella Bickley.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParts of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTurn Left at the Desert: Verbal \"Snapshots\" from a Black Community.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten beginning of a story\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten pieces of writing\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTypewritten contents for \"Turn Left at the Desert: Verbal 'Snapshots' from a Black Community\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTyped manuscripts for various short stories.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBickley was a prolific speaker; speeches cover a wide range of topics including faith, WV black history, black history and pride, West Virginia State College, education, black literature, and more. The majority of the speeches are typewritten.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram for \"Mending an Era: a Slave Ship Speaks: the Wreck of the Henrietta Marie.\" Typed text, pages 6-7, of a speech (?) about slaves, Anderson Radford, Cassie Thomas Carter, and MTG's mother.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eText of 2 speeches about Alice Walker's novel \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Color Purple: \u003c/emph\u003e\"The Uses of Literature: 1984 \u0026amp; The Color Purple, Panel Discussion at the Tenth Anniversary Program of the Virginia Foundation for the Humanities,\" September, 1984; and one at Richard Bland Community College, October 7, 1985. Research notes on \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Color Purple\u003c/emph\u003e. Research notes on Alice Walker's short stories \"1955\" and \"In Love and Trouble\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, schedule, lecture series program with AB's lecture on the Underground Railroad. Typed notes from Guyandotte presentation 11/9/91, and the Guyandotte Civil War Days. Program for Guyandotte Civil War Days, October 12-November 4, 1992 with listing of AB lecture \"Local Black Settlement.\" List of sources by Alan Gould, Marshall University. Invitation to present at the 1993 Civil War Days.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eT\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003ehe West Virginia and Regional History Collection Newsletter\u003c/emph\u003e, Summer 1989, which includes a speech by AB at an education in WV forum.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated text of a speech by both AB and NB about their time at WVU. WVU program \"A Celebration: Integration of Sports on the WVU Campus\" Correspondence with Dana Brooks regarding participation\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArticle regarding speech about \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Color Purple\u003c/emph\u003e at the West Virginia Alliance for Women's Studies meeting. Text of paper \"Black Education in WV\" read at WVU 6/20/89 for West Virginia Day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eText of speech about black history in West Virginia and after-dinner remarks regarding social history. Email, travel itinerary, newspaper clipping, and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePaper about the slave ship Amistad.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eText of speech re: the Underground Railroad. Newspaper article re: decree of freedom from slavery 150 years after.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten speech to Mo So Lit Club in McDowell County regarding the history of education of blacks, April 1983. WVSC Fall Convocation program, September 8, 1983; two texts of AB's welcome.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten poem \"Scamp\" [by Paul Laurence Dunbar]. Two handwritten speeches to the WVSC student government regarding importance of citizenship and service, and the history of WVSC. Invitation to speak to the Student Government Association, April 16, 1982. Newspaper article about black newspapers. Program for the Student Government Association Annual Inauguration Dinner, April 13, 1980. Speech for the Honors Convocation, 1985. \"Remarks prepared for State Senator Marie Redd for Blk History Month-2/4/99\" regarding black history and WV black history.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence regarding invitation to speak at the West Virginia State Baptist Convention. WVSC new student orientation schedule with remarks scheduled for AB. Text of speech, 1984 and 1985, including a brief history of WVSC and Institute.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFirst page of WVSC Honors Convocation Speech\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram for \"Building Leadership for Educational Excellence: NEA Mid-Atlantic Regional Leadership Conference, November 1-3, 1985 - Greenbrier Hotel, White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia.\" Annotated text of speech \"A Response to the New Right's Agenda for Public Education.\" Other speeches regarding education\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnotated text, some handwritten, of speech to the Mo So Lit Club, McDowell County, WV. Program for The Matrons and Maids Social and Literary Club (Ma-So-Lit), 50th Anniversary, April 17, 1983. Program and text of introduction of Ethel O. Davie for the WVSC Graduate Dinner, 1984.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram and text of speech for \"Rewriting History\" panel at the \"Premonitions and Perspectives from 1984: Has the Orwellian World Arrived?\" Wisconsin Intellectual Freedom 6th Annual Conference in Milwaukee, March 1-3, 1984. Program, including full text of AB's speech for a panel on \"Perspectives on Censorship: A Discussion\" at the Twenty-First Annual NEA Conference on Human and Civil Rights in Education, February 25-27, 1983. Correspondence regarding invitations to speak at these conferences.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA speech about \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Color Purple\u003c/emph\u003e possibly delivered at a Virginia Humanities Conference.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eText of speech for WVSC Convocation and an outline of speech to women students.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeeches about Carter G. Woodson, WV black history, her life and experiences, and MLK Day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeeches about WV black history, historical research, community service, her life and experiences, importance of black organizations, her faith, black women, race, and black education. Programs from presentations at churches. Letter confirming appointment to the Danforth Associate Program.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeeches about black education; being a role model; leadership; church missionary work; Martin Luther King, Jr.; taking control; the college experience; community service; honoring Alan Gould; Our Mount Vernons; and black history. Corresponence re: speaking at churches.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeeches about Black History Month; civil rights; Kwanzaa; women's rights; Martin Luther King, Jr.; the Underground Railroad; MTG; The Color Purple; black culture; Alice Walker; Carter G. Woodson; and WV black history.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSlides for WV black history speech. Research materials on WV black institutions. First two pages of speech. Handwritten text on various institutions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Go with God: Remembering All of Us…,\" Commencement address at MU, 1990. Photograph of unidentified black men singing in church. The program for the 1975 NCTE Spring Institutes: \"Teaching Minority Literatures at All Levels.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eText of speech, one annotated, about \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Color Purple\u003c/emph\u003e for the Virginia Foundation for the Humanities; handwritten notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eText of two speeches about black culture with notes for accompanying slides. Note from Charles Davis. Langston Hughes poem with Alex Haley autograph. [No slides in file.]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBooklet presented to AB after she made a speech for the Army Corps of Engineers in Huntington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with NEA re: participation in panel \"Perspectives on Censorship: A Discussion.\" Handwritten speech on censoring literature by blacks and women in the context of the Kanawha County textbook controversy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBackground materials, correspondence, and text of speech \"Multiculturalism in West Virginia\" at the Governor's Honors Academy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewspaper clipping about AB Commencement address at Marshall University, 1990. \"And Further She Sayeth Naught: a Play in Three Acts\" by Maureen \"Bunny\" Crocket and Ancella Bickley. [Speech] re: education in WV.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eText of speech about Martha Toler Spencer. Outline for [speech] about black women. Handwritten text of speech in Virginia, Longwood College, about black women. Notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Go with God: Remember All of Us\" AB's commencement address at MU, 1994.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTyped text of speech for the National Education Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEdited paper about the mission of West Virginia State College and changes for the future.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope 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Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection documents the research, public service, and life of Ancella Bickley, writer, educator, speaker, and historian. Includes writings, research materials, and more, focusing on the history of African Americans in West Virginia and the black experience in West Virginia. Collected research materials are predominantly facsimiles.  Printed formats include correspondence, clippings, interview transcripts, typescript writings, publications, pamphlets, ephemera, speeches, articles, military records, and more.  Other formats include photographs, slides, and audiocassettes. ","Subjects include Dr. Bickley's writings, which include plays, speeches, and short stories as well as her historical books, articles and other publications; collected materials from Dr. Bickley's historical research on the history of African Americans in West Virginia; and personal papers. Her research materials include papers grouped sometimes by county, sometimes by individual, sometimes by subject. Subjects of her research include slavery, education, churches, biography and genealogy, literature, and more.  Specific subjects include the Underground Railroad, James McHenry Jones, genealogy, Carter G. Woodson, Mollie Gabe, West Virginia Colored Institute/West Virginia State College, John W. Davis, black high schools, school integration, and more. Counties and their cities with specific focus include Cabell, Kanawha, and Jefferson.  Some documents treating slavery and the Underground Railroad include Ohio from which Cabell County blacks, including Bickley's ancestors, migrated.","Colleagues with whom she corresponded include Judith Stitzel, Nelson Barnett, Maureen Crockett (with whom she co-wrote at least one play), and many more. Of significance is correspondence between Carter G. Woodson and his sister, Bessie Woodson Yancey; and letters and a signed photo from Alex Haley.  ","Writings, research background, and drafts of Dr. Bickley's works found within the collection include:  Memphis Tennessee Garrison: The Remarkable Story of a Black Appalachian Woman , \"Midwifery in West Virginia\" (1990),  Honoring our Past: Proceedings of the First Two Conferences on West Virginia's Black History ,  History of the West Virginia State Teachers' Association  (1979),  In Spite of Obstacles: a History of the West Virginia Schools for the Colored Deaf and Blind, 1926-1955 ,  Our Mount Vernons: historic register listings of sites significant to the Black history of West Virginia , a short story collection \"Turn Left at the Desert,\"  ... to be black in Fayette , and plays:  Two Saint Say ,  Mother Love ,  Tangled Threads  (with Maureen Crockett),  Wade in the Water , and seven  Goldenseal  articles. \nGrant applications and other documents pertaining to her work with the Humanities Council of West Virginia are included in the collection. Other documents describe her work with the Kanawha County Board of Education, EcoTheater, Berea College's Black Mountain Youth Leadership program, and various professional organizations.   \nPersonal papers include material about her husband Nelson R. Bickley and his military career, diplomas, transcripts, photographs of a party she held, and more. ","Addendum of 2017/02/09 (boxes 11 and 12) includes papers of Dr. Ancella R. Bickley, with a few papers of her daughter Ancella Livers. Formats include interview transcripts, correspondence, clippings, typescript writings, publications, cassettes, and more. Most of these materials are transcripts of oral histories pertaining to a collaborative project undertaken by Dr. Bickley and Dr. Rita Wicks-Nelson about black teachers and their memories of school integration in West Virginia in affiliation with the Center for the Study of Ethnicity and Gender in Appalachia at Marshall University.","Abbreviations used in the Contents List: \nAB - Ancella Bickley \nWVSC - West Virginia State College \nNB - Nelson Bickley \nMTG - Memphis Tennessee Garrison \nJMJ - J. McHenry Jones \nNEA - National Education Association \nNCTE - National Council of Teachers of English \nMo So Lit Club - Matrons and Maids Social and Literary Club, McDowell County, WV \nUGRR - Underground Railroad \nMU - Marshall University \nWVU - West Virginia University \nCGW - Carter G. Woodson \nRW-N  - Rita Wicks-Nelson","Includes civic and academic awards and honors, as well as academic milestones such as graduation and Bickley's dissertation. This series includes materials on the celebration of Bickley's retirement from West Virginia State College.","Correspondence from Marshall University regarding AB's commencement address and honorary doctorate; notes of congratulations. Guest list. Photographs of AB delivering address and with others including Soupy Sales. Letter to editor regarding racism of highlighting photograph of Soupy Sales wiping a tear during AB's speech; newspaper clippings. Commencement program. AB's speech.","Honorary Doctorate","Army Commendation Medal (Second Oak Leaf Cluster). AB's Delta Sigma Rho-Tau Kappa Alpha, Hampton Institute, initiation certificate, May 1976","Attendance, reading, scholarships, and other certificates from elementary through college","AB transcript, 1951, from MU. Transcript, WVSC.","Program for the Fourteenth Annual NEA Human and Civil Rights Awards, 1980, when AB won The Carter G. Woodson Memorial Award. Correspondence regarding the award including 2 letters from John W. Davis.","Photograph of WVSC President Thomas Cole and Ancella Bickley at her retirement; labeled \"West Virginia State College, Commencement, May 17, 1986.\"","Master of Arts degree confirmation from Marshall University","Doctor of Education degree confirmation from West Virginia University","Certificate of Appreciation from the Kiwanis Club of Huntington","Note from WVU professor Armand [Singer] regarding missing retirement celebration","Newspaper clipping re: CGW. Photographs of AB and others after a speaking engagement in Fayette County. Service Award certificate from WVSC.","Letter from Maureen Crocket to the Director of the Appalachian Festival re: Tangled Threads. Letter of recommendation from AB for Dr. Elaine Ginsberg. \"Remarks Made upon the Presentation of the 1988 Humanities Award to Ancella Radford Bickley\" by Judith Stitzel. Letter of recommendation for Dr. Bernard L. Allen for the WVU Claude Worthington Benedum Distinguished Scholar Award. Congratulatory letter for appointment [at WVSC]. Request for letter of recommendation from Marc E. Washington at MU; confirmation of receipt of letter. Request for recommendation for Elaine Ginsberg, Trinity University; verification of receipt of letter. Letter of congratulations on retirement from George Parkinson; letter of regrets from Lawrence H. Talley, West Liberty.","Materials re: WV NAACP Harpers Ferry NHP, 1994, including photographs and text of speech. Congratulatory letter for receiving the Distinguished West Virginian Award, 1986. Thank you for copy of Honoring Our Past, 1992. Many other letters and notes re: service and speeches. Request to speak at the New Employment for Women Information \u0026 Referral Center in Logan about black history. Letter from Gaston Caperton, Governor, re: appointment to the Archives and History Commission, 1991. Thank you letter for contribution to Chandler Third Base, 1992. Certificate of recognition for Outstanding Service in Support of 1993 Douglass High School Reunion. Thank you for participating in the United Way Youth Advisory Council's Youth Forum, 1993. Thank you letter re: speech at naturalized citizens ceremony from John T. Copenhaver, 1992. Certificate of appreciation and other materials including a photo re: \"Read to Me\" Day, 1999. Newspaper article re: writing about the West Virginia Schools for the Colored Deaf and Blind and cards of congratulations. Kanawha County Schools Certificate of Recognition and Appreciation, 1991.","Letter of acknowledgement to deliver commencement address and receive an honorary doctorate at MU, 1990. Newspaper clipping and tribute to Minnie Wayne Cooper, 1989. Thank you letter to Matthew Kinsolving, Kanawha County Board of Education, for plaque, 1989. Typed text of \"Remarks Made upon the Presentation of the 1988 Humanities Award to Ancella Radford Bickley.\" Newspaper clipping and congratulatory letter re: WVSC Alumna of the Year, 1988. Letter withdrawing candidacy for the Kanawha County Board of Education, 1988. Thank you letter for receiving the Humanities Foundation Award, 1988; letter of congratulations from A. James Manchin; and Dee Caperton, House of Representatives. Letter of congratulations from Herman G. Canady, Jr., for appointment to Board of Education, 1988. Program for NAACP, Charleston Branch, Annual Freedom Fund Banquet, 1988, with AB as guest speaker. The Trumpet, West Liberty State College student newspaper, with article about AB's lecture on teaching black literature, November 28, 1973. Program, newspaper clipping, flyer, and certificate of recognition for the National Council of Jewish Women, West Virginia Section, Founder's Day, 1991. Correspondence re: speaking invitations, 1991-2001. Letters of thank you for service: The Huntington Club of Negro Business and Professional Women's Clubs, Inc., 2001; Charleston Mayor, G. Kemp Melton, for Charleston Urban Renewal Authority, 1999; Conference program for \"New Approaches to the Humanities and Lifelong Learning,\" 1988, where AB received award. Newspaper clippings for awards and accomplishments. 1987-1988. Newspaper clipping \"Educator Grim on Blacks' Future\" 1985. Thank you letter from Dee Caperton, House of Delegates, for draft of book about Elizabeth Simpson Drewry, 1987. Congratulatory notes, 1988-2002. Resume, ca. 1988. Text of speech for [receiving WVSC Alumna of the Year award, 1988]","Newspaper clippings, 1994-2002. Congratulatory and thank you letters, 1984-1995. Program for Staff Recall, Federal Prison Camp, Alderson, WV, with AB as guest speaker. Program for Induction Ceremony [sic], Phi Sigma Alpha, WVSC, 1995, when AB gave speech on the UGRR. Program for Carter G. Woodson Memorial Foundation Third Annual Memorial Fundraiser Banquet, 1995, AB speaker. Program for MLK birthday event at the WV School of Osteopathic Medicine where AB spoke, 1994. Resume. Photo of the Berlin Wall, May 1963.","Newspaper clippings, 1984-2002. Congratulatory and thank you letters and certificates, 1975-2002. Program for the Fourteenth Annual NEA Human and Civil Rights Awards dinner, 1980, when AB received The Carter G. Woodson Memorial Award. Program for Academy Cultural Awareness Committee Black History Month Program, 2002, where AB presented about MTG. Invitation to reception for Oliver W. Hill Freedom Fighter Award of the Virginia State Conference NAACP, 1999, and invitation to recognition event at the U.S. Capitol. Program for St. Anthony Church and School Community Education Awards where AB received the Gregory Loebach Award, 2002. Text of speech and program for West Virginia's African-American Women of Distinction book introduction by the West Virginia Women's Commission, 2002. Program for The Education Alliance Graduates of Distinction, AB recipient, 2002; text of speech; newspaper clipping; correspondence.","Newspaper clippings, ca. 1972-2002. Congratulatory and thank you letters, certificates and other recognitions, 1975 -2002. Letter of receipt for items given to the West Virginia State College/West Virginia Black Heritage Collection, 1987. Personal note, 3/26/80, discussing various contributions to education. Photograph of AB. Program for The National Association of Negro Business and Professional Women's Clubs banquet and candlelight rededication services, 1988, where AB was the guest speaker. Program for Berkeley County Diversity Committee \"Town Meeting\" with AB conducting interactive workshops at schools, 2002. Program and sketch of AB for [her retirement] 1986. Program for PCC lecture series \"The West Virginia Experience,\" [ca. 1985]. State of WV Teaching Certificate, 1960-1965. Letter of acceptance by NB for offer of teaching positions at WVSC for both NB and AB, 1972. Letter offering employment at WVSC as Associate Professor of English, 1972. Letter to NB offering WVSC position of Director of Guidance and Placement, 1972. Letters of thanks for AB for retirement and awards, 1986. Notification of nomination for President of WVSC, 1987. Correspondence Re: NCTE Orwell conference, 1984. Notification that tapes of censorship series of programs will be housed at the New York Public Library, 1984. Program for the Danforth Associate Program, 1975, for which AB and NB were program chairs. Program for The Women's Study Club Annual Open House, 1984, when AB was named Woman of the Year. Program for \"African Americans in the Appalachian Coalfields\" at the National Mine Health \u0026 Safety Academy when AB gave a lecture, 2000.","Newspaper clippings, 1989-2000. Congratulatory and thank you letters, invitations to speak, certificates of recognition, 1985-2000. Photograph of Douglass High School Y Teens, ca. 1946, including AB. Newspaper articles re: AB as WVSC's May Queen, 1948. Issue of MU's Greenline: a Publication for Alumni and Friends of Marshall University, May-July 1990, in which AB is recognized as commencement speaker; press release; letters of congratulations. Photograph of AB and others after presentation in Morgantown, 1990. Program for WVSC National Alumni Association William L. Lonesome Alumni Awards Dinner-Dance Honoring Dr. Ancella R. Bickley, Class of 1950, 1988 Alumnus of the Year. Dunbar Rotary Club Newsletter with AB as speaker, 1988. Materials from the Second Annual Conference on West Virginia's Black History, 1989. Letter to the editor of the Charleston Gazette re: black athlete, 1988.","Retirement from WVSC, 1986, materials. Correspondence re: ceremony; letters of congratulations; newspaper clippings; photographs; program; WVSC commencement program with AB as retirement honoree.","AB's doctoral dissertation A Study of the Effects of Teaching a Unit on Black Culture to Classes of Predominantly White High School Students, 1974.","Newspaper clippings for Education Alliance Graduates of Distinction, 2002. Materials pertaining to \"From Our Front Porch: Stories about Charleston's Oldest Neighborhood, The East End\": newspaper insert; outline for Appalachian Studies Association presentation; program for play at Roosevelt Wilson High School; the play. \"Testimony of Ancella Radford Bickley, Independent Scholar from West Virginia, on behalf of The State Humanities Program Regarding FY 1989 Appropriations to the National Endowment for the Humanities before the Appropriations Subcommittee on the Interior of the Senate,\" 1988. Congratulatory letters re: selection to the Kanawha Board of Education. Newspaper clippings. Congratulations re: speech's and performance of play in Florida. Commencement program for WVSC, 1950. Text of AB honors. Newspaper clippings re: her writings. Letter of acknowledgement for participation in reading of the names of lynchings victims program, Virginia State University, 2001. News release re: production of Harvest of Dreams by the Charleston Stage Company, 2000. Correspondence re: appointment to the WVU Board of Advisors, 1989. Certificate of appreciation from the City of Beckley for contributions to black history in WV. Thank you note re: women writers, 1994. Thank you letter from James Tolbert re: participation in Black History Month program at Harper's Ferry. Overview of AB accomplishments [introduction?]. Letter acknowledging participation in Kanawha County Public Library Black History Month events, 1993; abstract of talk; resume. Thank you letter for presentation at a Affirmative Action Committee Meeting, 1994; program; brochure listing black employees. Letter acknowledging intent to speak at the WV School of Osteopathic Medicine re: unsung heroes of the Civil Rights Movement and for MLK Day, 1993. Handwritten note of appreciation for a speech. Handwritten note re: missing speech for Black History Month, with attached newspaper clipping, 1994. 1949 Yellow Jacket article with picture of AB as newspaper staff. Clipping re: AB as keynote speaker for MLK Day celebration, 1991. Letter acknowledging a reading at the College Language Association, 1993. Letter acknowledging agreement to moderate a panel on sexual harassment; flyer for the program. Congratulatory letter for receiving the MU Graduate School Distinguished Alumnus, 1993. Program for \"First Annual Forum and Family Recognition Conference\" from the West Virginia Black Family Coalition, 1992, for which Bickley was a moderator. Correspondence and program for Distinguished Graduate Student Award from MU, 1993. Newspaper clipping about the WVSC presidential inaugural ball including description of AB and NB attire, 1974. Letter from Mary Pearl Compton, WV Delegate, re: Union's Historic District. Handwritten card praising AB as a \"liquid god\" able to move among roles, 1995. Resumes.","Senate Resolution honoring AB and Lynda Ann Ewen, 2002. Certificate of recognition as a West Virginia Hero, 2002. Newspaper clippings, 1990-2002. Correspondence re: lecture at Alderson Broaddus College, 1991. Certificate of recognition from the WV National Organization of Women and two 1991 conference programs. Program for \"African-Americans in the Appalachian Coalfields,\" 2000. Letter acknowledging selection at WVSC Alumnus of the Year, 1988. The Humanities Foundation of West Virginia Award Dinner Program, 1988. Issue of People \u0026 Mountains: a Publication of the West Virginia Humanities Council, Summer 2001, with MTG interview excerpt edited by AB and Lynda Ann Ewen. Congratulatory note re: publication of Memphis Tennessee Garrison; lecture on MTG announcement, 2000. Letter from the Indiana Humanities Council re: placement on \"Always a River\" registry, 1991. Letter from Gov. Gaston Caperton recognizing appointment to the Martin Luther King, Jr. State Holiday Commission, 1989. Acknowledgement letters as a speaker, 1990-1999. Acknowledgement of receipt of Our Mount Vernons from a professor at the University of Texas at El Paso, 1997. \"Book Notes\" section of West Virginia History re: Our Mount Vernons, 1997. Letter of re: reappointment to the WV Archives and History Commission, 1997. Letter re: WV Public Radio's Cultural Diversity Radio Project, 1998. Letter re: Mistress of Ceremony for a poetry contest at WVSC, 1995. Letter acknowledging support of the WV Humanities Council programming, 1995.","Special Commendation from the U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Park Service, for Significant Contributions to the Underground Railroad Study, 1995.","\"West Virginia: a Film History\" recognition as the Historical Advisor for the film project.","State of West Virginia Distinguished West Virginian award, 1986.","Senate Resolution honoring AB and Lynda Ann Ewen, 2002.","Includes newspaper clippings and writings by Ancella Bickley Livers (also called Cill Jr. or Cill). Also includes material by or about Nelson Bickley, Ancella Bickley's husband and prominent Charleston, West Virginia, lawyer. Formats include articles, awards and honors, military records, speeches, research notes, publications, correspondence, newspaper clippings, and more. Subjects include Nelson Bickley's military and teaching careers, his uncle Carter G. Woodson, and more.","Correspondence with James Harlow, WVU President, regarding tenure at WVU, 1969 and 1972. Army records for Nelson Bickley. Various Army regulations, blank forms, and information flyers. Correspondence and forms from the Veterans Administration. Medical records, 1956-1966","Charleston Gazette/Gazette-Mail newspaper clippings about AB and NB, 1999-2003","Text of NB's speech \"CMA's Link to the Late Carter G. Woodson, the 'Father of Negro History'\" at the Chicago Military Academy, program, and certificate of appreciation.","Text of speech given by NB at East Bank High School to Junior ROTC, regarding the benefits of military service.","Military and scholarship commendations, program from WVSC Commencement, 1948.","Military records for Nelson Bickley including his assignment as an Army ROTC instructor at WVU and difficulty of finding Negro housing. Admission to WVU College of Human Resources and Education.","Folder within 16a containing Army medical records for Nelson Bickley, 1957-1966.","Akron Beacon Journal,  December 7, 1982, with article by Ancella Livers which includes brief biography.","\" Brown V. Board of Education  in West Virginia\" by Nelson R. Bickley in the  West Virginia Law Review , Spring 2005.","Text of speech given by NB at the WVU Law School","Correspondence with Congressman Harley Staggers, James G. Harlow, President of WVU, and others regarding Nelson Bickley's retirement. Other military records.","Invitations to the ROTC Cadet Corps Annual Military Ball and the ROTC Awards Day and Hall of Fame Induction Ceremony, 1982. Program for the ROTC Awards Day Ceremony, May 1, 1981. WVSC student newspaper  The Yellow Jacket  with an article about the inductees to the ROTC Hall of Fame including NB. Typed text of NB's acceptance speech about his time in the military. Newspaper with an interview with NB and Belva Clark about Carter G. Woodson, 1987. Program and text of NB speech, with AB edits, at WVSC for Veterans Day, 1992. Newspaper article regarding NB induction into the WVSC ROTC Hall of Fame.","Signed letter from Alex Haley to Colonel and Mrs. Nelson Bickley, March 1, 1973, re: the Bickleys' hospitality after a lecture.","Clippings regarding the Bickleys from  The Villages Daily Sun  (FL) and  The Sunday News-Registe r (Wheeling, WV)","Pamphlet \"The Black Student at WVU,\" 1969/70, 1971/72, which include pictures of AB. Program for Lincoln-Douglas Banquet sponsored by Morning Star Baptist Church, February 12, 1977; includes AB as the speaker. Newspaper articles by and about Ancella Bickley, as well as Nelson. Congratulatory letter regarding AB promotion to Vice President for Administration at WVSC, July 9, 1975. Dunbar High School's publication, Kennel, Feb. 23, 1973 and May, 1974.","Letter regarding AB in WVU classroom. Newspaper article about Ancella, daughter of Ancella and Nelson. Dunbar High School's student newspaper, Kennel, Nov. 1972.","Bachelor of Arts degree confirmation from West Virginia State College","Nelson Bickley's Master of Arts degree confirmation from West Virginia University","Nellie Francisco's Bachelor of Arts in Education degree confirmation from West Virginia State College, 1938","Letter from CGW to Bessie Woodson Yancey, CGW's sister, re: funding Joan's education. Text of the poem \"The Forgotten Boys.\" Invitation to the dedication of the Carter G. Wooson School, New Orleans.","Research materials re: Belva Clark, Carter G. Woodson's niece and Nelson Bickley's mother; note of condolence; funeral program; handwritten [by Mrs. Clark?] obituary and instructions","Articles about NB. Membership certificate to Sigma Pi Phi Fraternity.","Teaching certificate for Nellie Radford Francisco, Bluefield Colored Institute, 1928.","Special Order lists. Legal case notes? Selective Service Act of 1948 memo.","Includes genealogical research material, notes, and charts in print as well as handwritten for these families, mostly from the Huntington, West Virginia area and across the Ohio River: Twyman, Spurlock, Barnett, Payne, Jones, Woodson, Wilson, Johnson, Summers, Smoot, Peters, Radford, Layne/Lane, Jones, Straham, Cabell, and Parker. Additional genealogical information is included in oral history interviews with individuals (see Interviews and Oral History Interviews series); the Others' Works series; the Biography subseries of Research Notes and Collected Materials; and other locations throughout the collections.","Documents pertaining to the Twyman Family. Facsimile of pages from  The Promised Land  by J. Earl Pratt [1964]. Facsimile of newspaper legal notices from T he Ironton Register , Oct. 27 and Dec. 15, 1870.","Letter from Willard H. Radford and Kim Radford regarding a reunion for the Radford-Bickley families.","Correspondence between the Bickleys and Nelson L. Barnett, Jr. regarding Allensworth (CA) State Historical Park, the Spurlock family, the Barnett-Payne-Jones family. Rededication pamphlet, October 10, 1992","Barnett family genealogy compiled by Nelson Barnett, Jr.","Various documents pertaining to Carter G. Woodson and the Barnett family connection. \"A Black History of Huntington\" by Edna Duckworth. Barnett family documents.","Family line charts, photographs, newspapers, family history for the Nelson Barnett line. Program for the First Baptist Church, Huntington, September 25, 1988. Photographs buildings designed by Carl Barnett, architect.","Transcription of Barnett family obituaries.","James and Mary Wilson family genealogy. Facsimiles of portraits. Memorial service programs. Photographs of Mary Wilson Johnson and James Johnson. Photo of family group identified later in file and on facsimile. Obituary for William O. Johnson. Family group photo. Photos of Ida and William Johnson.","Handwritten Cabell Family tree and notes on the Cabell Family in Institute. Transcription of letter from J. S. Cunningham to Governor A.I. Boreman. Facsimile of newspaper ad for sale of slave.","Handwritten notes regarding Summers Family and slaves.","Facsimile of book section and term paper about the Smoot Family written by Marcella L. Pauley Short for WVSC class.","Booklet of genealogy forms.  African-American Genealogy: A Research Guide  compiled by Phyllis Preston Jarrett and Helen Chambers Winston.","Typewritten history of the Smoot Family, Boone County.","Personnel record for Willard Radford. Letter, 1949, certifying marriage of Willard Radford to Lilian Angus in Cuba, 1923.","Handwritten marriage records for Radfords.","Handwritten notes from a phone conversation regarding the Straham-Parker families.","Typed \"Conversation with Nellie Redford Francisco--about 1985.\" Handwritten \"Discussion w/Henry Radford, 1/14/93.\" Radford Family genealogy. Peters Family genealogy. Newspaper articles regarding Negro education in Huntington and Kimball, 1904-1923. Cemetery lot receipts to Willard Radford. Program for Sterberger Elementary School 1999 Graduation Ceremony; Akil Livers listed as student. Funeral service program for Lily Van Sykes Kelly, 1994. Transcribed obituaries for Joseph T. Payne, 1948, and Minnie Bell Powell, 1936.","Research notes on how to do black genealogy.  Black Studies: a Select Catalog of National Archives Microfilm Publications .","The Layne Family Tree and Its Branches . Handwritten tree with Twyman connection.","\"Plat Map, Mt. Pisgah Cemetery, Proctorville, Ohio\" with notes. Request for donation to the Cemetery, 2013.","Handwritten CGW family tree.","Radford family genealogy. Release of note on deed, Radford family, 1952.","This series includes two subseries, General and Black Teachers.","Includes more formal oral history interviews as well as \"discussions\" and other less structured interviews not intended for any historical publication. Formats include handwritten notes, typed notes, and transcripts of interviews as well as background in the form of correspondence and typed and handwritten corrections.","Transcript of interview with Johnnie James. Newspaper article \"THE Man…Johnny James Now Shares Life With God\"","Background research re: changes to social history and oral history.","Notes from discussion with Grover DuBose, Korean War veteran, Sept. 10, 2000.","Transcripts of interviews with black citizens of Huntington, WV; Institute, WV; Guyandotte, WV; and Black Fork, OH. Including Johnnie James, Ms. Bessie Herbert McClain, Chester A. Burris, Henry Pierce, Mildred Loar Williams, Cash Keels, James Thompson, Mrs. Araminta Miller Justice, and James Johnson.","Spiral bound notebook containing notes from oral history interviews with black soldiers, 1945-46. References to color-coded folders. Notes on soldiers' letters, 1943-45. List of themes in interviews. Follow up on specific soldiers, 2005, titled \"Negative behavior of Blk soldiers.\" Diagram of Army organization.","Research notes labeled \"Army Wives Material: Discussion with Carl \u0026 Nancy Johnson Re: Military Experiences; Carl was a Tuskegee Airman. His wife, Nancy, is white\" 2014. Annotated paper \"The WV State Capitol\" with research notes. Emails re: Kimball Wall Memorial Project, 2011. Research notes. Letter to Beverly from AB re: various researchers in the Villages, FL, 2014. Typed notes from interview with Harriet Williams, Lewisburg, WV.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Mildred Lore Williams, 1990, re: family history and Cabell County History. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Bessie Herbert McClain, 1990, re: living in Huntington. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Suzette Spencer, 1990, re: family and life in Huntington. Mrs. Spencer was a descendant of 37 slaves freed in the south and sent to Ohio. Transcript of oral history interview with Mr. Cash Keels, 1990, re: family history and life in Black Fork, Ohio.","Audiocassettes labeled: \"Joseph C. Peters re: Black High School Athletics - 11/2/95;\" \"Gregory Peters / Reminiscences, 9/22/95, \u0026 Ed Scott #3;\" \"MC (Ref) Edward Greer, 5/10/06;\" and \"Ed Scott / Reminiscences /Korea, 10/20/95\"","Bickley and Rita Wicks-Nelson, as Rockefeller Scholars-in-Residence at Marshall University's Center for the Study of Ethnicity and Gender in Appalachia, interviewed and recorded interviews with older black women teachers from across the state. This subseries contains transcripts of the interviews, corrected transcripts, correspondence with the subjects, and sometimes background information about them.","Typed manuscript for \"Black Education in West Virginia,\" a joint project between Ancella Bickley and Rita Wicks-Nelson. Notes regarding Mrs. T. McDaniel interview; text of interview. Correspondence regarding book on black female teachers. Research notes. Text of speech about black WV schools. List of narrators. Facsimiles of newspaper clippings \"from Mrs. Rayford's Collection\" regarding desegregation of schools, 1955-1956. Newspaper clipping of AB interview regarding MTG.","Handwritten notes of [interview with] Marian Hatcher, WVU English Dept. teacher.","Print out of web page re: Dr. Ancella Bickley and Dr. Rita Wicks-Nelson, 1999 Rockefeller Scholars-in-Residence. Project name: \"Life Experiences of Older, Black, West Virginian Women [Teachers]\"","Demographics of teachers' project. Map showing location of teachers. Narrative overview of the project. Paper \"Mosaic [sic] in Black and White: Black Teachers Remember School Integration in West Virginia\" [by] Ancella Bickley and Rita Wicks-Nelson; paper presented at the Center for the Study of Ethnicity and Gender in Appalachia, MU, 2000. Annotated paper. Draft of paper \"Changing Lives and Potential Leadership: A Study of West Virginian Women Returning to College\" [by] Rita Wicks-Nelson, Lynda Ann Ewen, ca. 1997.","Correspondence between AB and RW-N and others re: book based on teachers' oral history interviews. Paper \"Black Education in West Virginia.\" Text of paper [by AB] \"Read @ WV Sociological Assoc. Annual Mtng. WVSC - Oct. 24, 1997.\" Letter from NB, 2005, asking for addenda to  West Virginia Law Review  paper about  Brown v. Board of Education.  Research notes. \" Fullen  corrected pp, AB,\" 2001. Letter requesting interview with Pearl Swann Carter, 2000.","Release form from Suzanne Slaughter, 1998","Correspondence, edits, research notes with RW-N. Book reviews from The Appalachian journal, 2005. List of women interviewed. Background and summaries for interviewees.","Research materials re: education in WV;  Brown v Board of Education.  Possible participants; call for participants; correspondence with participants Writing retreat brochure and correspondence. Project update to the Center for the Study of Ethnicity and Gender in Appalachia at MU. Draft of summary of results. Summary data forms and interview guide. Schedule of interviews. Letter from parent to teacher, Anna McCright. Flyer announcing talk by AB and RW-N. Luncheon flyer from the Fayette County Black Caucus.","Life stories, some annotated or edited, for Vivian Williams Fleming, Eliza Jane Campbell Dillard, Anna McCright, and Mary Montgomery.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Louise Anderson. Newspaper clipping of obituary.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Velma Bradshaw. Handwritten notes on folder.","Oral History Review  article, 2001, re: school segregation. Email with list of changes to the transcript. Transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Pearl Swann Carter, 2001.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Florence Casey, 1997","Transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Ottrus Chatman, 1999. Typed and handwritten notes on the interview.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Verona Clarke, 1997.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. E. Jane Dillard, 1999.","Handwritten notes on the interview. Correspondence with Mrs. Elston. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Mary M. Elston, 1997.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Eunice Fleming, 1999.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Vivian Williams Fleming, 1997. Handwritten notes.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Norma Jean Fullen, 1997.","Handwritten notes. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Susie Guyton, 1997.","Handwritten notes. Transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Willie Hise, 1999.","Typed and handwritten notes. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Floristine Holland, 1998.","Handwritten notes. Transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. B'Alma Jones, 1999.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Miss Anna McCright, 1999.","Corrected transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Thelma McDaniel, 1999.","Letter to Mrs. McDaniel. Typed notes and pages from the interview. Letter from Norman L. Jones re: Thelma McDaniel and the Price and White families, 2001.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Edris Miller, 1998.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Mary Montgomery, 1997. Overview for Mrs. Montgomery. Letter to her. Pages of the interview with corrections. List of names and addresses for interviewees.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Ms. Doris Payne, 1999.","Overview for Ruby Brown Reeler. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Ruby Reeler, 1997. Handwritten transcript of a quote from the interview. Handwritten notes on the folder.","Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Nancie Smith Robinson, 1999.","Transcripts pages of interview with FH [Floristine Holland?] Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Suzanne Slaughter, 1998.","Obituary for Mary Crozier Snow, 2011. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Mary Snow, 1997. Letter to Mrs. Snow with corrections, 2001.","Transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Fannie Ashe Thomas, 1999.","Handwritten notes. Annotated transcript of oral history interviews with Mrs. Velma Twyman, 1997. Letter to Mrs. Twyman re: corrections, 2001.","Includes books, manuscripts, facsimile pages, and other publications not written by Bickley, who was sometimes asked to provide feedback on writing. Forms of writing include family histories, poems, short stories, plays, novels, and both scholarly and popular articles. Other writers include: Sharon M. Draper, Charles Lloyd, Hannah N. Geffert, Peri Lynne Johnson, L. O'B. Thomson, Nelson L. Barnett, J. McHenry Jones, Judith Stitzel, Elizabeth Taylor Brown, and Phyllis Moore.","A Memorial to the Scott, Carter, Mumford Families and the Journey from the Hills of North Carolina to the Beautiful Ohio Shore in the Year 1844  by Edith Dove Bryant, original and one facsimile. Article \"Midwifery in West Virginia\" 1990.","My Dearest Husband: the Letters of Amacetta Laidley Summers to George W. Summers, 1842-1843  by Patricia Clark Bulla. Handwritten genealogy chart for James M. Laidley","Poem \"Old Lady Sady and the Chicken Wings\" c1992 Sharon M. Draper","My Dearest Husband: the Letters of Amacetta Laidley Summers to George W. Summers, 1842-1843  by Patricia Clark Bulla. Laidley-Summers-Quarrier family line","Manuscript for  Aesculapius, Ebony  by Nelson L. Barnett, M.D.","\"…Tryin' to Get Home…\": A Journal,  a compendium of biographies, family histories, community histories, etc. by the John Henry Memorial Committee.","\"The Search for Larry Doby\" by Bob Stitzel in  Sports Collectors Digest , December 1, 1989. Letter from Judith Stitzel critiquing short stories \"The Woman in the Lavender Hat,\" \"Hush Now Child,\" \"Sweets,\" and \"Jones.\" Manuscripts of Stitzel's stories \"My New York Yankees,\" \"Cover-Up,\" \"Hearing Aids,\" \"Unbecoming a Jew.\" Letter from Stitzel regarding order of stories.","Manuscript for book about West Virginia State College.","Correspondence with Phyllis Moore re: WV writers. Annotated stories \"It Ain't Her!,\" \"The Crossing,\" and \"On This Rock,\" short stories by AB. Photo of AB and unidentified woman. \"'Talking about home…': Yes, We Have Authors\" by Phyllis Wilson Moore.","Project overview for Greenbrier Valley African-American life. J. McHenry Jones' novel  Hearts of Gold  with highlighted passages and annotations. Background research materials.","Facsimile of  The Jones Family  by John L. Jones.","Correspondence with Hannah N. Geffert re: Black History Conference and her annotated story \"The Guns of October.\"","\"History of Lakin Hospital: Pulling for the Stars\" by Elizabeth Taylor Brown. Reviewers' comments.","The Plays of Ann Kathryn Flagg  published by Amistad, Inc., Ancella Bickley, Director.","\"Black High Schools in West Virginia\" prepared by R. Charles Byers.","Writings of Peri Lynne Johnson, AB's niece, some with annotations.","Review of \"The History of Lakin State Hospital\" by Elizabeth Brown; manuscript.","Drafts and final papers written by L. O'B. Thompson who taught at WVSC.","Aesculapius, Ebony  by Nelson L. Barnett. Brief biography of Carl Eugene Barnett. Facsimile of photograph of \"Reverend Nelson Barnett, Circa 1900.\"","Paper and letter of transmittal for \"The Peters Sisters: An Historical Omission\" by Norman Jordan. Research notes on the sisters: Ethel and Ada Peters.","Typewritten notes about various novels, movies, and other works. Discussion questions for some.","Inscribed play \"Day to Day: a Drama in One Act\" by Maryat Lee. Article \"'…To Will One Thing: a New Look at Theater\" [by] Maryat Lee, from  Drama Review , 1983. Materials re: EcoTheater including scholarly articles.","Includes black and white historical photographs, slides, and contemporary color photographs. Additional photographs can be found throughout the collection. Most photos are black and white facsimiles of original historical photos of people and places significant to Bickley's research and publications. Subjects include educational institution buildings and students; other institution buildings; the Radford family; Bickley and Bickley with others. The contemporary color photos include ones of the memorial statues on the West Virginia Capitol grounds; Potomac State College campus; Bickley and others; and the social event A Red Hat Party celebrating women.","Photos: graduating class at Bluefield State College; Barnett School Orchestra, Huntington, with Nellie Francisco; school children at Lincoln School, Wheeling, 1912; unidentified football team; buildings at Bluefield State College and West Virginia State College.","Photos, invitation to, and follow up for a birthday celebration for AB, and a Red Hat Party to celebrate older women. Poem about AB.","Photographs of building details; street scenes; two black women [Alberta Coleman]; NB; campus, Potomac State College, buildings including Academy Hall and Duke Anthony Whitmore/Henry Louis Gates, Jr. Academic Achievement Wall.","Photos of statues on the WV State Capitol grounds: prints, proof sheet with numbered descriptions, and a CD. Annotated text to accompany photos and titled \"Statuary on the Grounds of the West Virginia State Capitol.\" Brief history of the Capitol and the state of West Virginia.","\"Honoring Our Past: 1994 Calendar\" produced by the Alliance for the Collection, Preservation and Dissemination of West Virginia's Black History. Calendar includes photos of school bands, Bluefield NAACP chapter, Hopewell barber shop in Martinsburg, and schools.","Copies of group photographs of children and a \"Special Citation Award to Mrs. Harry Gordon\"","Photo of unidentified family, 1901; restored photo and invoice for work, 2005.","Negatives and photos from AB's Red Hat Party","Variety of copies of historical photographs, most not identified, 1912-1918. Note stapled to folder removed, 10/17/1990.","1991 (3), 1993, 1994 calendar \"Honoring Our Past\" from the Alliance for the Collection, Preservation and Dissemination of West Virginia's Black History. 1971 Black History Calendar [by] Raymond W. Lowry.","Facsimiles of photographs of students at WVSC including AB in Delta Sigma Theta Sorority.","Photographs of AB and others at a presentation on CGW at Marshall University, President's Home. February 24, 1988.","Facsimile of undated photo [ca. 1942] of John W. Davis, Charles Rutherford, Austin W. Curtis, L.A. Toney, et al. On back: \"Received from Debby Jackson,  Goldenseal , 4/7/1997. Picture taken during construction of Washington-Carver Camp.\"","Photo of AB with author Alice Walker at the University of Charleston, [1999]. Photo of AB with Ken Sullivan, Executive Director of the WV Humanities Council, 2002.","Includes examples of Bickley's contribution to a number of public service projects both in a professional capacity and as a citizen. Includes these formats:  \nplanning documents,  \ncorrespondence,  \nmeeting notes, and  \nagendas for these organizations:  \n-Amistad, Inc., a publishing company she formed;  \n-West Virginia Humanities Foundation;  \n-Black Mountain Youth Leadership Program, Berea College;  \n-The EcoTheater in Lewisburg, for which she served as board member;  \n-National Council of Teachers of English, for which she was National Director;  \n-West Virginia Archives and History Commission, of which she was a member; and  \n-Marshall University colloquium on black history.","Most notable are the grant applications, programs, and correspondence from her work with the West Virginia Humanities Foundation. Bickley was President of the Board of Directors and wrote a ten-year history of the organization, 1974-1984. The files include background materials for a number of projects for which she or others received grants. For her work with the Kanawha County Board of Education, her files include research materials about minority student achievement, and documents about the Kanawha County Schools Minority Student Achievement Task Force and Maximizing Achievement of African-American Children in Kanawha County (MAAACK). Documenting her work with an organizing committee to clean up the Bethel Cemetery in Huntington, her files include calls for participants, flyers, lists of members, and more. One civic activity with no apparent formal organization includes a meeting with Governor Rockefeller to advocate for affirmative action in West Virginia government. More on Bickley's professional and community activities can be found in the Awards, Honors Series.","\"Notes from Meeting between WV SAC and Governor Rockefeller--June 13\" The SAC [Statistical Analysis Center] asked the governor to authorize another study concerning minority employment in West Virginia with the goal of supporting affirmative action and the employment of more minorities.","Humanities Scholar Resource Forms by Virginia Edwards (2/86), Judith G Stitzel, and Elayne Rapping for the project, \"Reel Visions: A Conference on Women and Film.\" \"Seminar for Professionals Scholar's Statement\" by AB.  The Midwest Quarterl y article \"The Humanities in Public Conversation.\" Publication: \"The Humanities Foundation of West Virginia, 1974-1984, A Decade of Discovery\" which lists awards; AB was President of the Board of Directors.","Brochure for the 15th Year of the EcoTheater founded by Maryat Lee, 1975-1990. Letter of support fro grant to the EcoTheater, February 10, 1990. Business correspondence with members of the Board of Directors.","Notes, membership lists, and correspondence from meetings of the Bethel Memorial Park Interest Group. Various research notes regarding black WV doctors and other topics.","Invitation to Ronald Reagan's inauguration","Correspondence from Cecil H. Underwood and Earl Ray Tomblin regarding appointment to the WV Archives and History Commission, July 11, 2000-September 22, 2000.","Papers and notes from 1975 National Council of Teachers of English (NCTE) conferences when AB was National Director. List of attendees. Black history newspaper clippings. NCTE Spring Institutes programs: April 4-8 in Buffalo, New York; and April 25-29 in Santa Barbara, California. Paper by NB \"Mini-Psychological Theory about Black Americans\"","Invitation to Jimmy Carter's inauguration, January 20, 1977.","Certificate of incorporation and other legal documents for Amistad, Inc. Humanities Foundation grant application. Correspondence, agendas for Board meetings, and notes from meetings.","Correspondence with William (Bill) Turner regarding a black history colloquium at Marshall and editing a special issue the  Appalachian Journal. Sojourner: Voice of the Eastern Kentucky Social Clubs , 1989.","Program for MU symposium \"Moving Toward Freedom: Slavery and Resistance.\" WV Humanities Foundation grant materials for \"Fact to Freedom: The Story of Slavery in West Virginia.\" Cost details for recreating a slave auction block. Photograph of 10th and Market in Wheeling, 1895.","Correspondence with Brucella and Norman Jordan re: the African American Heritage Family Tree Museum. Also a Humanities Council Grant, brochures, newspaper clippings, press releases. B. Jordan's curriculum vitia and job description with an appliation.","Materials supporting the proposal for WVSC's The Canty House being placed on the National Register of Historic Places.","Materials for collaboration of Kanawha County Schools Minority Student Achievement Task Force and Achieving Excellence in Learning (AEL). Maximizing Achievement of African-American Children in Kanawha County (MAACK) materials. Data on Kanawha County students.","Readings on teaching minority students, Ebonics. Maximizing Achievement of African-American Children in Kanawha County (MAACK) materials.","Notes and correspondence pertaining to the evaluation of the Black Mountain Youth Leadership Program at Berea College.","Letter from the Governor of Montana. Itineraries. Correspondence re: trip.","Matted print of D. Richardson's drawing of the WV Colored Children's Home.","This series includes eleven subseries which highlight Bickley's research on black history in West Virginia and to a smaller extent black history in general. The subseries include her work on black history for many West Virginia counties with her research being more extensive for Cabell, Jefferson, and Kanawha Counties which have their own subseries. The subseries for Research Notes and Collected Papers are: General, Biography; Cabell County, WV; Jefferson County, WV; Kanawha County, WV; Other WV Counties; Churches, Education; General; Organizations; Slavery; and the Underground Railroad.","Bickley researched a wide range of black history and black culture topics; for example, Aunt Jemima and the statue of a black boy as yard ornament, in addition to persons and events. The research provided background for her writings and was often incorporated into her works of fiction as well as historical accounts. Her papers include research notes and supporting sources on a wide range of topics with reference to black history and West Virginia black history.","Handwritten inventory of boxes with Post-it-Note \"Found AFTER boxing - This drawer-files are out of order so I don't know if it will be helpful. (Plus, my sister has horrible handwriting.\"","Post card from Mabel Hunter with Storer College Brackett Hall dorm room circled (1946). Photo of statue of Carter G. Woodson. 1850 mortality statistics for western section of Virginia.  Bulletin of the West Virginia State Teachers' Association , 1940. Program for the Mountain State Bar Association, Inc. Annual Awards Banquet, June 18, 1988. Partial transcript of \"Interview with Doris Miller, Huntington, WV\" regarding house purported to be on the underground railroad. Marriage records, 1869, Trinity Church, Parkersburg. \"Reading the Names\" program at Virginia Sate University of those lynched, 1868-1935; AB read the WV names, ca. 2011. Handwritten research notes. Notes on census slave records. Proposed black history highway markers, 2001. Newspaper clipping about Huntington Tuskegee Airmen, 2009. Email from Brucella Jordan requesting a recommendation; paragraph regarding the founding of the African American Heritage Family Tree Museum, 2010. Email from David Trobridge invitation to speak at Marshall University, 2011. Facsimile of pages from the Bureau of Negro Welfare and Statistics regarding the Episcopal Church in West Virginia. Roster of Negroes serving in state and local government, ca. 1968. \"The West Virginia Medical Society [Black].\" \"Slavery in Western Virginia\" (notes for an exhibit?)","Correspondence and research notes regarding the black history of Gallipolis, Ohio. Love story by Harry Dolphis Scott, Bidwell, Ohio. Typed lists from Carter G. Woodson's Free Negro Head of Families (1830), Town of Gallipolis.","Newspaper clippings from the Herald-Dispatch, 1981. Brochure: \"Graduates of Distinction: Michael Perry, Ancella Bickley\" from the Education Alliance, 2002","Various articles regarding blues music. Multiple facsimiles of \"Bessie Smith, 1898-1937, A Short Blues Anthology,\" 1971; one with annotations.","Various articles including the legend of Jocko, subject of a lawn ornament, and a 1971 black history calendar by Raymond W. Lowry which highlights achievements.","2 nd Annual John Henry Festival, Clifftop, West Virginia: Herbs and Traditional Medicine [by] Roscoe Leonard.","Typewritten paper about spirituals","Journal, newspaper, and magazine articles about black history, Carter G. Woodson, Nelson Bickley, and the methyl isocyanate leak in Institute, 1984.","Prospective Sites Relating to Black History in Canada  by William N. T. Wylie, June 1994.","Research materials regarding the holiday, Juneteenth, which celebrates the Emancipation Proclamation. Text of two speeches.","\"The Black Literary Tradition of West Virginia: A Bio-Critical Survey\" [by] Leonard J. Deutsch","The booklet (2 copies) \"History of African-American Miners in Appalachian Coal Fields: Black History Month, February, 2000\" Funeral program for Ulysses Grant Carter, teacher at Kimball High School.  A Saga of Service: A History of the Mining Extension Service of West Virginia State College, 1937-1957  by Cecile M. McCormick and U.G. Carter.","Facsimiles of pages from reports from the WV Bureau of Negro Welfare and Statistics.","Correspondence and attached materials from Sara J. Sow re: blacks in Gallia County, Ohio. \"Why We Celebrate Our Culture and Church\" about churches in Lawrence County, Ohio.","Correspondence with and writings of James Fisher, Berkeley County.","Background research notes and materials about Cuba.  National Geographic  article \"Evolution in the Revolution: CUBA.\" Poems by or translated by Nelson A. Ossorio.","Correspondence with Joan C. Browning re: content for the Henrietta Marie exhibit; white women in the civil rights movement. Biography. Resume. Newspaper clippings; article \"Invisible Revolutionaries: White Women in Civil Rights Historiography.\" Program and other materials for the WVU panel for the Rush Holt History Conference. Commentary from John Raines re: J. Browning and David Mussat's contributions to the RDH Conference; annotated JB paper \"Religion Gave Me Power to Witness\" and David Mussat's paper \"Sticks and Stone: an Interpretation of Power and Religion in the Movement.\"","Research materials on many aspects of WV Black history including newspaper clippings, scholarly articles, meeting programs, and the text of an Odd Fellows speech.","\"Negro Coal Miners in West Virginia, 1875-1925\" from the  Midwest Journal , 1954. Reprint of \"Negro Migration to the Mining Fields of West Virginia\" from the  Proceedings, West Virginia Academy of Sciences , 1936.","Handwritten research notes. Research materials re: WV history. Typed notes on WV black history. 1955 newspaper article re: integration of schools.","Correspondence regarding black WV historical markers. Resignation as a Commissioner for the WV Division of Culture and History. Program for Roosevelt Junior High School Award Assembly, June 2, 2000; Bickley is on the program for the East End History Essay.","Programs for West Virginia Conference on Black History at the First Baptist Church in Charleston, April 22-23, 1988, and the Eighth Annual Conference on West Virginia's Black History at Marshall University, November 10-11, 1995","Web page print out of article about Silas Green in minstrel show.","\"Fifth U.S. Colored Infantry\" by John F. Walter, rev. 1998. Includes information on Ohio and WV blacks.","\"Negro Participants in the Fields of the Theatre and Music Plus Associated Enterprises: Period: 1920-1960\" by Dr. Douglass T. Murray. Booklet for The National [Negro] Opera [Company].","Paper titled \" School Desegregation Since  Brown  (1954): 30-Year Perspective\" by Franklin Parker, WVU Professor of Education, 1984. Two pages of annotated text of a speech about education of black West Virginians, [delivered at WVU].  Daily Athenaeum  article re: interview Nelson Bickley about discrimination in housing in Morgantown, 1971. Program for \"The West Virginia Experience in Higher Education: an Historical Perspective\" at WVU, 1984, when AB was on a panel. Facsimile of the pamphlet \"The Black Student at WVU\" 1971-72. Correspondence from the Ohio University Press re: manuscript review of the book  Memphis Tennessee Garrison  by William H. Turner, 1999. \"History of DuBois High School\" from a book. Map of slave plantations in Wood County, Va. Map of Underground Railroad routes to Canada, 1898.","Email correspondence primarily between AB and her daughter Ancella Livers re: access to WWII Soldiers' letters at the New York Public Library. Email from Della [Hardman?] re: Belle Powell and Ravella Hughes.","Includes biographical material for many people of interested to Bickley. Types of material include correspondence, handwritten notes, clippings and articles, photographs, various facsimiles, and more. Subjects of research notes and collected materials include: Carter G. Woodson, Dick Pointer, Henry Louis \"Skip\" Gates, Memphis Tennessee Garrison, John Henry, Ravella Hughes, John Wesley Harris, Maude Beatrice Bell Plowden, Della Brown Taylor, Bessie Yancey, Mollie Gabe (Mary Elizabeth Johnson), Elizabeth Simpson Drewry, J. McHenry Jones, Stonewall Jackson, Gwen McMillion Bingham, and William Cathay. Additional topics include: blacks in WV literature; black women; Tuskegee Airmen including John L. Whitehead, Jr. and William Lee Hill; and black WV legislators. Biographical information is also included in the Interviews and Oral History Interviews series.","Newspaper clippings. Partial notes [speech] J. McHenry Jones including John R. Clifford, Christopher Payne, and black legislators. Pages from a 1913 Congressional hearing on \"Conditions in the Paint Creek District, West Virginia\" with conditional pardon of Dan Chain highlighted. Memo, 1/18/03, from Alfonzo Dalton regarding interview with Ben Carson who was a Republican candidate for the US President in 2016.","Letter to researcher Sean Duff, November 19, 2012, and attached information regarding J. McHenry Jones and Wheeling. Letter to researcher L. Morris Jones, May 3, 1989. Newspaper clipping of article about  Hearts of Gold  which was written by J. McHenry Jones (JMJ). Various versions of \"James McHenry Jones: a Monologue\" by Ancella R. Bickley. Full and partial \"J. McHenry Jones, 1859-1909.\" Text of newspaper article about JMJ's opposition to the Evans Jim Crow Bill, February 14, 1907. Research notes including Jones family history. Facsimile of pages from  History of the Jones Family  by John L. Jones.","Research notes on Guion Bluford (?). Ed White, sculptor, biography. Facsimile of pages from the children's book  Black Stars in Orbit , [1995]","Correspondence between NB and The Association for the Study of Negro Life and History, Incorporated regarding preservation of the Carter G. Woodson house in Huntington. Correspondence between Carter G. Woodson and his sister, Bessie Woodson Yancey, regarding upkeep of the house.","Research materials on Dick Pointer, black Indian War hero, for an article for the  Journal of the Greenbrier Historical Society ; the article; handwritten notes; various versions of the article. Research notes. Facsimile of a painting by S. Ross Browne, 1993.","Correspondence with Henry Louis \"Skip\" Gates, Jr. Newspaper clipping: MU Commencement.","Correspondence with Adolphus Young regarding black West Virginia women, particularly MTG.","Washington Post  article \"In Quest of the Historical John Henry\" by Hank Burchard, August 24, 1969. Press release by Kyle McCormick, WV Dept. of Archives and History, 1957.  WV Hillbilly , June 23, 1979, \"A Salute to John Henry.\"","Handwritten notes about John Matheus, WVSC professor; his curriculum vitae, ca. 1953; reprint of an article from the  CLA Journal  by him, 1972.","Research notes about Revella Hughes","Research notes about William Hill for  Goldenseal  article about Tuskegee Airmen.","Research on John Brown including materials from the National Parks Service's John Brown Conference, 2000; an annotated Langston Hughes' poem \"October 16;\" and \"A Psychological Examination of John Brown.\"","Two newspaper clippings: one about Fannie Cobb Carter and one about Memphis Tennessee Garrison","Obituary and other information about Major General Charles \"Jackie\" Calvin Rogers. Documents regarding the naming of a United States Army Reserve Center for him. Text of NB's speech.","Goldenseal  article about John Wesley Harris. Facsimile of newspaper clipping about Maude Beatrice Bell Plowden.","Transcript of interview with AB by Ohio State University's WOSU about Della Brown Taylor [Hardman], a graduate of Garnet High School, artist, and teacher at WVSC.","Research notes. Transcript of conversation with Bruce Rogers regarding Aunt Jemima and Bruce Family history. Facsimiles of newspaper articles regarding Aunt Jemima.","Background research about the Sargent School of Physical Education; Sydney Taylor Brown who graduated from there and then WVSC; black women in the American Red Cross; and black women's service in WWII.  American Legacy , Winter 1999. Research notes.","Facsimile of pages from  History of the American Negro,  W.Va. Edition, vol. VII, [edited] by [A. D.] Caldwell.","Print outs of web pages regarding the Tuskegee Airmen. Photograph of monument in Walterboro, SC. Newspaper clippings.","Research materials pertaining to Carter G. Woodson including: journal and magazine articles; facsimile of book pages; newspaper clippings; and a masters degree thesis. Text of speeches and programs for speeches by both AB and NB. Invitation to a reception to honor Sen. and Mrs. John F. Kennedy in Huntington, April 20, 1960.","Poems, correspondence, and other writings by Bessie Yancey, Carter G. Woodson's sister. Photocopies of journal articles and WV Collegiate Institute publications. Special Carter G. Woodson issue of  Community,  published by Friendship House, Winter 1970. Issue of  The Journal of Negro History , July 1968.","Research materials on Mollie Gabe, also known as Mary Elizabeth Johnson, midwife from Falls Mill, Braxton County.","Research materials about John P. Parker, a former slave who was active in the UGRR in Ohio. Parker was also an inventor and a business man.","Research materials about Elizabeth Simpson Drewry, McDowell County representative to the WV House of Delegates.","Letters to Bessie W. Yancey, CGW's sister. Research materials. Poem \"The Forgotten Boys.\" Correspondence re: restoration of the CGW home. Carter G. Woodson Memorial Committee and Foundation materials. Text of speech by AB. CGW stamps. Dedication of statue of CGW. Correspondence re: Ann Eliza Riddle Woodson family property. CGW genealogy prepared by Nelson Barnett, Jr. Letter from CGW to Bessie Woodson Yancey. Text of paper \"Carter G. Woodson: the West Virginia Connection.\" Photographs of CGW and kin.","Correspondence from CGW to Bessie W. Yancey, re: house in Huntington, 1941. Book contract between Bessie W. Yancey for  Echoes in the Hills  and CGW's company, The Associated Publishers, 1939. Letter re: book to CGW from BWY, 1939. Letter from John W. Davis, President WVSC, to BWY, 1945, re: Nelson Bickley. Letter from BWY to Louis R. Mehlinger re: loss of two brothers, 1950. Envelope, no contents, from Joel A Rogers, 1951. Envelope, no contents, from The Associated Publishers, 1958. Photographic negative of BWY.","Research materials including newspaper clippings, correspondence, articles, and research notes on Carter G. Woodson; Bessie W. Yancey; Black History Month; restoration of the Woodson home; and the Woodson family. Annotated copy of the paper \"Carter G. Woodson: the West Virginia Connection.\" Facscimiles of Otis Woodson and CGW photos. Photo of Bessie Woodson Yancey and letter from BWY to CGW re: poetry. Edited entry for CGW from  The Encyclopedia of Black America . List of WV Collegiate Institutue, 1920/21 and 1921/22. Facsimile of correspondence between CGW and BWY re: house.","Research materials on J. McHenry Jones including facsimiles of obituaries; other newspaper clippings; and transcriptions of clippings. Photo of Hazlewood Assembly Hall. Notes [speech?] on JMJ. Timeline with sources. Paper about JMJ by AB. Jones family history.","Pages copied from book  The Hidden Years of Stonewall Jackson  purporting that he fathered a black child. From Merle Moore.","Research materials on Tuskegee Airmen including John L. Whitehead, Jr. and William Lee Hill.","Text of a speech? \"African Americans in the West Virginia Legislature.\" Letter from C.A. Blankenship to  The Negro History Bulletin  adding names of Negroes who served in the WV Legislature, 1964. \"West Virginia's Black Female Legislators\" ca. 1991. Facsimile of photo with caption: \"President Harry S. Truman being shown a copy of America's first Black pictorial magazine. [There is some question which came first  Color  or  Ebony]  Left to right: Sippi Coleman, Pres. Truman, W.VA. Congressman, Dr. I.J.K. Wells Editor and Publisher of Color,\" ca. 1948. Newspaper clipping of article re: female legislators, 1998.","Facsimile of photo of \"Gabriel, Pardoned by VA Governor Tim Kaine, June 26, 2007.\" Research notes. Paper \"Major General Gwen McMillion Bingham,\" ca. 2011 with newspaper clipping. Facsimile of unidentified photograph of woman in uniform. Paper \"'Who Was William Cathay?' adapted from a piece in the St. Louis Daily Times, January 2, 1876.\" Poem \"Cathay Williams,\" 1997. Facsimile of enlarged photo of face of unidentified soldier. Summary/timeline for Cathay Williams/William Cathay.","Draft of \"Elizabeth Simpson Drewry, 1894-1979\"","Covers a wide range of topics on the history of Cabell County; Huntington, WV; and adjacent Ohio counties. Notable are Nelson Barnett's transcriptions of late 19th century Huntington newspaper articles regarding blacks. Also included are newspaper clippings, monographs, photos, biographies, and interviews about veterans, church history, education, organizations, and more.","\"References and Briefs to Miscellaneous Newspaper Articles, [June 15, 1872-October 21, 1898, and June 4, 1922-May 20, 1928]\" compiled by Nelson Barnett, Jr., 1988, from Huntington newspapers.","\"Black Veterans of World War I from Cabell County, W.Va., 1918.\" \"Past Imperfect, 1902: Articles of Interest, [Nov. 13, 1901-Dec. 31, 1901]\" compiled by Nelson Barnett, Jr. from Huntington newspapers.","\"Past-Imperfect, 1901: Articles of Interest, [Jan. 7, 1901-May 28, 1901]\" compiled by Nelson Barnett, Jr. from Huntington newspapers","Resources about blacks in Huntington and Cabell County. Includes a bibliography of  Goldenseal  articles about blacks. Other resources are church histories, listings of names, facsimiles of book chapters and papers, newspaper clippings, interviews, handwritten research notes, and more.","\"Progress of the Huntington Negro\" by Prof. J. W. Scott","\"A Black History of Huntington\" by Edna Duckworth, 1976. Genealogy for Edna Duckworth. \"Biohistrogenetics Project Proposal\" to the Carter G. Woodson Memorial Foundation, 1996-1997; Duckworth is listed as the visionary.","Marriage records, late 19th century, Cabell County.","Correspondence with Clara Knight. Facsimiles of Greenbottom Church, Huntington, records listing black members. Records regarding John Ball freeing his slaves, 1793. Map of Millersport, OH, 1887.","Correspondence with Bill Lindsay re: blacks in Huntington and Pocahontas County","Two newspaper clippings: one about Nellie Fransisco [sic] and AB's research about blacks on the Ohio River.","\"A Black History of Huntington\" by Edna Duckworth, [1976]. Census data for black families in Lawrence County, Ohio; 1850, 1860.","Photos of black workers in C\u0026O shop including Anderson Radford, AB's grandfather. Correspondence; transcription of newspaper articles; research notes; biographical sketches; photos of Goodes; newspaper clippings; church histories and programs; facsimiles of book pages; transcription of interviews; and bibliography.","Research notes. Photos. Paper \"Black People and the Huntington Experience.\" Project, \"A Sojourn for Truth: Revisiting Black History Along the Ohio River,\" overview. Research materials re: Huntington, Cabell County, and parts of Ohio. Transcript of interview with Suzette Spencer. \"The West Virginia Colored Children's Home\" by Ancella R. Bickley. \"Poke Patch/Black Fork, Ohio\"","Research notes on Douglass School. Typewritten notes on Douglass School, 1891-1924. Notes from conversation with Nellie Francisco. Handwritten transcription of article, 1902.","Covers research about blacks in Charlestown and Harpers Ferry as well as other locations in Jefferson County. Materials include obituaries, school histories, correspondence, cemetery records, research notes, and more about school integration, Storer College, slave collars, Fisherman's Hall, and more.","Research materials regarding blacks in Charlestown. Obituary for former slave George Jenkins in Huntington, 1917.","Paper about St. Philip's parochial school by James A. Tolbert. Materials re: Sons of Confederate Veterans tablet in Harper's Ferry. Other research materials re: Jefferson County and Charlestown.","Photos of a slave collar. Correspondence re: acquiring the collar for the Henrietta slave ship exhibit.","Correspondence with James Tolbert re: black CCC camp, McDowell County; Black History Conference; Fisherman's Hall, Charlestown, restoration; Harewood Cemetery, Jefferson County; marker for Martin Delany, Charlestown.","Research materials re: Harpers Ferry, the National Park, and Storer College.","Typewritten text of speech at Shepherd College, 2004. Transcript \"Discussion of Integration of Schools in Jefferson County: Jim Tolbert.\"","Handwritten research notes mostly re: John Brown and Harpers Ferry, ca. 2000.","Covers research about blacks in the WV Capitol, Charleston, and other locations in Kanawha County. Topics covered include slavery in the salt industry, biographies, wine cellars, and buildings. Contents include correspondence, facsimiles of documents, research papers, obituaries, newspaper clippings and more.","Research materials about slavery in West Virginia with focus on Kanawha County and the salt industry","Research materials on black attorney Thomas Gillis Nutter.","Research materials on Charleston, WV including: \"Unpublished Black History in the Early Kanawha Valley\" by William D. Wintz; \"Blacks in Charleston, West Virginia: A Survey of Their Presence in the Community and Occupational and Residential Patterns in the Early 1900s\" by Mary Johnson, WVU student. Research materials regarding Oscar Wayman Holmes, the first African American naval aviator and obituaries for C.H. James, prominent black businessman. Text of speech, \"Black People in Charleston,\" 1994.","Research materials on the Dutch Hollow wine cellars in Dunbar.","Documents regarding Samuel W. Starks and the Starks House in Charleston. Correspondence regarding its being put on the National Register of Historic Places.","Correspondence with Eugene Washington re: Phillis Wheatley School and Albert G. Brown, architect.","Excludes Cabell, Jefferson, and Kanawha Counties which have separate subseries. Includes research materials about slavery, school integration, lynching, historic homes, and more researched by Bickley for these counties: Wayne, McDowell, Harrison, Greenbrier, Hardy, Fayette, Monongalia, Upshur, Wood, and Monroe; as well as the cities of Bluefield, Buckhannon, Keystone, Weirton, Weston, and Wheeling. Research materials include photographs, correspondence, brochures, newspaper clippings, book pages, articles, interviews, and more.","Various documents regarding blacks in Wayne County, WV; the Livisay family; writings by Tim R. Massey, 1981; the Lindsey family; photograph and negatives of a photograph of a black family.","Research materials on McDowell County, WV, with focus on the towns of Keystone and Keystone. Letters and notes from Adolphus A. Young, Jr.","Program for \"Freedom Is a Struggle: Glimpses of African-American Life in the Greenbrier Valley of [West] Virginia.\" Brochure \"Black Historic Sites in Lewisburg, West Virginia.\"","Newspaper clipping about Sarah Hall, black lawyer. Facsimiles of research materials. \"The History of the Negro in McDowell County and in West Virginia Leading Up to and Including the Integration of Schools\" by Dr. Douglass T. Murray. Typewritten notes from Adolphus Young, Jr. Correspondence with Alphonso Dalton, Jr. regarding MTG and black McDowell County families","Facsimile of 1952 newspaper article regarding slaves listed in 1848 Harrison County tax book. Slave owners are listed and includes Nathan Goff.","Paper, author unidentified, regarding lynching in WV. Research materials about slaves in Greenbrier County","Correspondence regarding letter from a slave asking to be purchased by Stump family [1851]. Facsimile of letter.","Research notes and resources regarding Glenwood, historic home in Charleston. Clarksburg newspaper article of reminiscences of a former slave, Ann Freeman and others. Clarksburg newspaper article regarding Union Veterans Association.","Research materials for Fayette County including contacts list, newspaper articles, maps, facsimiles of pages from books, student research paper, church histories, handwritten research notes, and grant applications. Correspondence with and Lucille Meadows and her handwritten reminiscences.","Newspaper articles, facsimiles of historical records. Partial manuscript for  To Be Black in Fayette  and annotated pages. \"Black Politics in Fayette County, West Virginia, 1896-1918\" by Daniel Wright. Text of speech by Daniel Wright. Brochure titled \"Camp Washington-Carver: a Compendium of the First African-American 4-H Camp.\"","Research materials and research notes:  Monongalia Blacks Speak : Women, Part II and Men, Part I, Holland family, schools. Interview with Grace Edwards Waters.","Research materials about Weirton.","Research materials about Upshur County. Facsimiles of articles written by R.H. Ralston, Sr. regarding Buckhannon's black history; newspaper clippings. \"A History of Blacks in Buckhannon: The Recollections of Harriet Warfield,\" an interview with Harriet Warfield, 1977.","Research materials regarding blacks in Wheeling. \"Wheeling's Black Population: A General Perspective\" written and presented by Darryl Clausell, Pat Dudley, with contributors Kathryn Snead and Dorothy Cooper, 1990. Correspondence with Margaret Brennan. Photo of AB, Pat Dudley, Brennan, and Annie Tanks at an Oral History Seminar in Wheeling.","Correspondence regarding Memphis Tennessee Garrison. Research materials on Gary and other McDowell County locales: newspaper clippings,  Goldenseal  article.","Papers by Wheeling Jesuit Students Joel Michael Coulson and Beau Conway.","Research resources regarding blacks in Fayette County, WV, including transcripts of oral history interviews with Lucille Meadows, Mrs. Turner, Charista Davis, Lula Lall Jones, Rosa Roach and Jessie Barrett; correspondence, church histories and programs. Includes Smoot family information.","Transcripts of interviews with Alease Watkins, David W. Turner, Russell Lee Matthews, and Elsie Choice Hopkins. Also, includes research notes, newspaper clippings, a grant application, facsimiles of book pages, and correspondence.","Photo of Lomax Hospital in Bluefield. Brochures for Afro-Appalachian Performance Company. Correspondence with Joseph Bundy re: history alive performances. Research materials about black Bluefield hospitals.","Correspondence with Ray Swick re: blacks in Wood County. Research notes. Correspondence with the Wood County Bicentennial Commission re: speech.","Court record for  Mullens v. County Court , 1932. Facsimile of WV entry from  100 Years of Lynchings  by Ralph Ginzburg. \"The Greenbrier County Lynching: a Study of West Virginian Justices\" by Ancella Bickley Livers. \"'Reading the Names,' Program at Virginia State University.\"","Research notes re: Parkersburg black history. Facsimile of letter and transcription of letter from ex-slave Isaac Fairfax to George Washington Henderson.","Letter from Charles (Charley) Goddard re: Greenbrier County history and Sharlotta Gardner contact information.","Copy of photo and negative of lynching. Photos of black children. Note from Maurice Allman, Hacker's Creek Pioneer Descendants. Transcripts of  Weston Democrat  articles re: 1892 lynching of Edgar Jones. Transcripts re: 1910 lynching. Research notes on these incidents. Application for the Weston Colored School to be placed on the National Register of Historical Places. Research notes re: Weston State Hospital. Correspondence re: dedication of the Central West Virginia Genealogical and Historical Library, formerly the Weston Colored School. Handwritten transcription of interview with Rahleen Gardner who attended the School. Transcript of conversation with Mrs. Joy Gilchrist, 1992.","Transcripts of interviews with Mr. Waldo Lacy and Mrs. Gladys Lacy. Facsimile of newspaper article of speech by T.J. Ferguson, 1870. Research materials on the Sumner School. History of Parkersburg from Bernie Allen. Facsimile of books pages, newspaper articles, and transcription of newspaper articles. Parkersburg Art Center brochure featuring Joseph Eldridge Dodd. Text for slide show (no slides). Typewritten outline of \"Parkersburg Study.\"","Facsimiles of newspaper articles. Correspondence with Ray Swick, Blennerhassett Island State Park. Research materials about blacks in Wood County. Research notes. \"A History of Sumner School\" written by Sally Browning, 1996.  The Island Packet  from the Friends of Blennerhassett Island.","Background research on blacks in Monroe County. Correspondence with Fawn Valentine and Presidents of the Monroe County Historical Society. \"Bishop Matthew W. Clair, Sr.: a Biography\" by Dr. Margaret B. Ballard, 1973.","Includes programs, bulletins, correspondence, research notes, and histories of black West Virginia churches in Fayetteville, Charleston, Charlestown, Fairmont, St. Albans, Parkersburg, Huntington, and Alderson. Also includes a history of churches and lodges in West Virginia as well as histories of the Odd Fellows, Knights of Pythias, and the Galilean Fisherman lodges. Denominations represented include African Methodist Episcopal, Episcopalian, and Baptist.","Correspondence with Lucile S. Meadows regarding help with the Second Baptist Church, Fayetteville, Centennial; racial tolerance in schools","\"125th Anniversary Journal\" First Baptist Church, February 1, 1868-February 28, 1993, Charleston, WV","Time line for black Episcopalians in WV. \"The First Hundred Years: a History of St. Philip's Episcopal Church, Charles Town.\" Research notes and sources. Humanities Foundation of WV grant application by Florita Montgomery to study the history of St. Phillips' Episcopal Church. Information on the Trinity Church in Parkersburg. Photograph including some black congregants.","1907 Weekly Bulletin of Diamond St. M.E. Church in Fairmont","Book titled  Miracle on B Street Continues  about St. Paul Baptist Church's (St. Albans) 131st anniversary.","Letter re: slide presentation at the Young Chapel African American Methodist Episcopal Church. Program for the 94th Church Anniversary. Handwritten time line and other notes. Booklet of photographs, text of Bickley's speech, newspaper clipping.","\"Black Churches and Lodges in West Virginia in Their Infancy, 1865-1900\" by J. Reuben Sheeler. \"History of Bright Hope Lodge #9, F.\u0026A.M. and - P.H.A. Montgomery WV.\" Facsimile of pages \"Introduction and Growth of the Grand United States Order of Odd Fellows in America.\" Notes \"Knights of Pythias of West Virginia History\" researched by James A. Tolbert. Notes about \"Grand United Order of the Galilean Fisherman\" compiled by Ann Wilson.","Email correspondence with Adrienne Belafonte re: a newspaper article about the Shiloh Baptist Church in Alderson. Clipping of the article.","Program for First Baptist Church 125th Anniversary, 1997. Program for installation of Rev. William F. Buchanan, First Baptist Church, 1988.","Includes newspaper clippings, text for presentations, correspondence, research notes, articles, commencement programs, interviews and more about state and national teachers' organizations, historically black WV colleges including West Virginia State College and West Virginia University, integration of schools, histories of specific schools, the Kanawha County textbook controversy, and more.","Newspaper articles: WV Education Association (WVEA) Executive Committee meeting, the National Education Association (NEA) and the need for minority teachers; and recommendations from the Black Caucus,  WV School Journal , December 15, 1973. Photograph of Blacks in auditorium seating, ca. 1950s","Multiple facsimiles of a post card picturing Albert Long, \"Bertie\" -- Aunt Onie's Son. West Virginia State College Commencement Programs: 1948, 1950, 1951","Information sheets and travel plans for trip to Egypt, July 5, 1987, sponsored by WVSC. Passport and Visa information written on folder.","Various versions of text for a multi-media program on the history of West Virginia State College (WVSC) and Institute, WV","Letter to Edmonia Grider from Marjorie [Counts] regarding the Hilltop School, October 7, 1974.","Manuscript discussing integration and black teachers in WV, author unknown. Speech (?) regarding school integration. Research notes. Annotated speech: \"Black Education in West Virginia\" delivered in Shepherdstown.","Research materials on the integration of WV schools: facsimiles of WV newspaper articles regarding integration of schools; \"How Black Students Saw Themselves through the Decades of Change at Bluefield State College (founded in 1895) as It Changed from Predominately Black Institution to a Predominantly White Institution\" by James Worsham","Program for the Alpha Delta Chapter, Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc. 19th annual Jabberwock, March 16th, 1949. Dance invitation, 1948. WVSC Commencement program, 1949. Washington Alumni Chapter banquet, 1976, to roast John W. Davis. Newspaper articles","Vocational and Educational Survey for the Kanawha County Negro Schools  by Andrew H. Calloway, 1945.","Correspondence, photos, newsletter, and newspaper clippings regarding the Douglass High School (Huntington) Reunion. Notes on class of 1947. Newspaper clipping regarding NB. Photo YWCA Y-Teens, Douglas High School, Christmas, 1946.","Research notes on schools in Keyser and Piedmont, WV, including a facsimile of book pages from  Howard School: a History, 1877-1955 regarding a black student strike for a better school in 1939. Notes on interview with Alberta Coleman, Piedmont, WV. Notes from interview with Opal Coates Carter, and other research notes, regarding Woolworth Fire, Charleston, WV, [ca. 1964s].","Compilation, by R. Charles Byers, of resources regarding WV black schools.","Annotated pages for \"Integration in West Virginia\"","Bulletin of West Virginia State College , Series 21, no. 1, June 1933. \"Why Choose West Virginia State College\"","Affirmative action statistics for Bluefield State College, 1984. \"Pride and Preservation: West Virginia State College\" seminars which included Alex Haley as a speaker, 1979. Newspaper article re: archives at West Virginia State College, 1979.  Southern Rural Women's Network Newsletter , June, 1983. Photograph of Alex Haley with inscription and signed letter from Alex Haley to NB, 1970.","Research notes and materials for research on education in Mason County, WV","Research materials regarding the Lincoln School in Wheeling, WV","West Virginia State College Bulletin , April 1941, Series 28, No. 2. Handwritten transcription of an article in  The Advocate , 1907.","Program for One Hundred Fifth Commencement, Huntington High School, 1971. Photo of AB, West Virginia State College Commencement, May 17, 1986.","Report of the Twenty-first Annual NEA Conference on Human and Civil Rights in Education , 1983, including paper by AB on the Kanawha County textbook controversy and censorship.","Facsimile of a brief historical sketch of Storer College, 1867-1891, by Kate J. Anthony, 1891.","Newspaper clippings and other sources relating to the West Virginia Seminary and College and the Hilltop Baptist Center.","\"Integration in Reverse at West Virginia State College\" by Elizabeth Duran and James A. Duran, Jr.","Correspondence, interviews, newspaper clippings, and facsimiles of photos re: WVSC's East Hall. Research notes.","WV Humanities Council grant application for a presentation on black education in Parkersburg. Research materials and notes. Handwritten and typed notes from interviews with Mrs. Dorsey, Mr. James Emondson, Mrs. Hattie Gazelle Turner, and Mrs. Elizabeth Mitchell. Particular focus on the Sumner School.","Photo slides of WVSC buildings, presidents, etc. Post cards of WVSC buildings and Institute. Note cards from a lecture. Research materials on all aspects of WVSC history.","Research materials on many aspects of WVSC history including faculty information. Includes these publications: \"ROTC in Review: 40 Years of Tradition;\" \"West Virginia State College Glee Club;\" Alumni Association, Los Angeles Chapter, Scholarship Luncheon program, 1989;","Program for Convocation and Dedication of the Harold Maceo McNeill Physical Facilities Plant, WVSC, 1999.","Letter from AB re: retirement of Justine Gutzmer; retirement announcement for Gerald Cote, Beatrice Dupass, Gutzmer, and Darthulia Jones. Facsimile of WWII death notice of Oliver Johnson to his parents and his obituary. Johnson was Gutzmer's brother.","Booklet of texts and order of ceremonies for the WVSC commencement program, 1985.","Includes background research on the Montgomery Woman's Improvement League, the West Virginia Federation of Colored Women's Clubs, Alpha Omicron Omega Chapter of the Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, the Mountain State Bar Association, and the West Virginia Medical Society. Research materials include a yearbook, programs, correspondence, a members list, and more.","Montgomery Woman's Improvement League Year Book , 1955-56 and 1960-61. Program for West Virginia State Federation of Colored Women's Clubs, Inc. Annual Convention, 1959. Newspaper photojournalism article regarding the College Alumni Club 50th anniversary history booklet. Program for the Annual Debutante Ball sponsored by Alpha Omicron Omega Chapter, Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, 1958. Correspondence with Katherine Atwater regarding resources.","Program for the Annual Meeting and Awards Banquet of the Mountain State Bar Association, 1985. List of members, 1986.","Paper titled \"The West Virginia Medical Society [Black]\" Article: \"Historically Black Medical Colleges: From Scorn to Success\" from  The Boule Journal , 2004.","This subseries includes maps, research papers, newspaper clippings, letters, census data, newspaper articles, facsimiles of historical slave documents, and more. Other materials regarding slavery can be found in county subseries and the Underground Railroad Subseries.","West Virginia map. \"Number of Slaves in Counties Which Became WV\" 1850, 1860. Typescript of  Historical Atlas of West Virginia  by Frank S. Riddel.","Handwritten notes on John Marshall; Marshall and slavery; Marshall and Robin Spurlock, his servant. Typed observations. Resource materials.","Facsimiles of legislation and resolutions to abolish slavery; and a list of representatives at the state convention in Wheeling.","Research materials. Typewritten manuscript[s] by James Oliver Horton. Codes for occupations. Copy of newspaper article.","Newspaper clipping and multiple facsimiles of an article about a slave breeding farm in Greenup, KY.","Research materials about slaves in Ohio Valley plantations and adjacent WV counties. Photocopies of photographs of Mary and plantation sites.","Facsimiles of: newpaper slave ads; Virginia law re: Kanawha Slave Insurance Company; Dunsmore's Proclamation freeing slaves; Va. Law to send slave to Liberia; slaves in Bunker Hill; New York Times article re: slave uprising; and drawing of [Harpers Ferry]. Harpers Ferry National Historical Park Afro-American materials. \"History of Gerrardstown\" in  The Berkeley Journal . Handwritten list of properties, including slave names, of Richard B. Washington, [1864]. Letter of transmittl and facsimile of bill of sale for slave, 18[4]5. Transcription of Rumsey-Polk letters re: slaves.","Handwritten research notes and research materials regarding reparations for slavery; text of NB speech; typewritten notes.","Annotated manuscript \"Compensatory Justice: Over Time and Between Groups\" by Renee A. Hill; text of introduction of a speech about reparations; newsapper clippings; web page print outs; articles.","West Virginia and Regional History Collection Newsletter  with articles re: slave letters.  West Virginia Then and Now  article re: John Brown's letter. Research re: images of blacks in journalism. Research notes.","Facsimile of tables of free Negro listings from 1830 census. \"Researching Virginia's Slave and Free Negro Records\"","Facsimile of newspaper article, 1934, re: Mount Pisgah Church, Proctorville, OH. \"The Way It Was…\" by Betty Burcham, a history of UGRR and Mount Pisgah Church. Facsimile of will of Eliza Goode freeing Sully Smith, her husband and her slave, 1848. Facsimile of two receipts for purchase of slaves, 1852. Research notes re: Ohio slaves and fugitives to WV.","This subseries includes text of a speech made by Bickley, books, slides, photographs, brochures, post cards, correspondence, maps, and more. The materials focus on parts of Ohio across the river from Huntington as well as West Virginia. Some topics are quilt codes, abolitionists, runaway slaves, location of Underground Railroad sites, and more.","Research materials about Serena Wilson and the book  Hidden in Plain View: The Secret Story of Quilts and the Underground Railroad.","Photos \"Trip to Doddridge County to visit Jaco Hill/cave - UGRR Site - w/Karen Nance, Sandra Moats, \u0026 Judy Wilinson, 6/20/01. Other research materials","Research materials on the Underground Railroad with focus on Ohio.","Brochures and post cards regarding the UGRR and the film \"Nightjohn.\" Correspondence with Margaret Brennan, organizer for the UGRR Summit in Wheeling. \"Reflections on the West Virginia UGRR Summit\" by Cathy D. Nelson; photo of AB speaking at the Summit and with Amanda Nelson and Sherry [Sowchuck].","Correspondence from Alicestyne Turley-Adams re: Underground Railroad Network Partnership.","Correspondence with Lucille Deberry and other research materials re: the UGRR, some in West Virginia.","Correspondence with Sandra Moats-Burke re: UGRR in WV counties.  Exploring a Common Past: Researching and Interpreting the Underground Railroad , 1998, 2nd ed. from the National Park Service. List of UGRR sites in WV.","Photograph slides, numbered and identified. Research materials mostly about Ohio. \"Draft Proposal to Establish a National Underground Commemorative, Interpretive, and Research Center, City of Huntington, West Virginia\" 1994. Itinerary for trip to Washington to meet with Interior Dept. officials and Robert C. Byrd's staff.","Book chapter \"In Gallia and Miegs Counties\" from  The Mysteries of Ohio's Underground Railroad  by Wilbur Henry Siebert, 1951. Facsimile of handwritten narrative by an abolitionist, [1892]. Facsimile of letter from R. C. Rankin re: father Rev. John Rankin, 1892. Research notes on WV runaway slaves. Facsimile of letter to Daniel ? to Cyrus Little re: UGRR, 1894. Map of UGRR, 1860. Requests for copies from the Siebert papers. More facsimiles of records.","Background materials on the Underground Railroad in Ohio.","Research materials including newspaper clippings and research notes on the Underground Railroad","Research materials re: the Underground Railroad. Research notes.","Facsimiles of documents pertaining to slaves in Jefferson County, VA. Itinerary for Underground Railroad tours [Ohio?].  The Escape of Jane: a True Story of the Underground Railroad  by Henry Burke \u0026 Dick Croy. Henry Robert Burke correspondence. Brochure on Henderson Hall, Wood County. Dick Croy correspondence and resume. Newspaper articles by Burke. \"Black Cultural Sites in West Virginia\" compiled by Michael Pauley and Peter Jesus, 1990","Correspondence with Sandra Moats-Burke re: UGRR. WV and county maps. Facsimile of pages from \"From the Charles River Shire, 1634-1643, to the Present Day Counties: Harrison, Doddridge, Ritchie, Wood, Pleasants and Tyler\" by Barr Wilson. Research materials on the UGRR. Research notes. \"The Anti-Slavery Movement in West Virginia,\" a speech delivered by Sandra Moats Burke.","Research materials re: quilts and the Underground Railroad, 2001-2011. Notes re: Eliza Farrow, 2005. Paper \"The UGRR Quilt Code\" by Leigh Fellner. Research notes; newspaper clipping; facsimile of web page and transcription of story in an email \"Secret Quilt Code on Exhibit until 10/6,\" 2012; and September 2012 issue of Underground Railroad Free Press.\" Mini-grant for UGRR quilts materials, 2013.","Underground Railroad: Official National Park Handbook .","Includes manuscripts and publications for books; plays and reenactor monologues; short stories; magazine and scholarly articles; and other forms of writing in both print and handwriting. Five subseries encompass the various genres of her writing. Also includes background and research materials for the subjects for her writings, both fiction and non-fiction.","Includes research materials for topics of articles. Subjects and formats treated are: encyclopedia entries in the biographical dictionary African American Architects; drafts and final versions of entries for both people and institutions for the West Virginia Encyclopedia; drafts and final versions of articles about Molly Gabe and Carter G. Woodson for Appalachian Heritage; newspaper articles for the Charleston (WV) Gazette Mail and Village Neighbors (FL) on a number of topics including George Wesley Atkinson, 10th governor of West Virginia, but especially for Black History Month and its founder Carter G. Woodson; Goldenseal articles about a Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) camp, Jessie Moon Thomas, Edward Greer, the Charleston Women's Improvement League, Memphis Tennessee Garrison, and West Virginia's Tuskegee Airmen; contribution to a symposium on diversity and change for Appalachian youth; and a study guide for a Charleston, WV, performance of Zora Neale Hurston's Spunk.","Articles by Ancella Bickley from the  Goldenseal Magazine","Correspondence regarding use of the Goldenseal article \"Camp War: Remembering CCC Company 3538-C\" in an online education guide by the WV State Museum.","Annotated manuscript and research notes for Goldenseal article \"Education and Activism in Gary: a Visit with Jessie Moon Thomas.\" Correspondence with Mrs. Thomas including notes on the Froe and Moon families.","Issue of the journal  Appalachian Heritage  containing AB article \"Profiles: Mollie Gabe\" by Ancilla  [sic]  Bickley.","\"Remembering Carter G. Woodson, the 'Father of Black History'\" in  Village Neighbors , [a publication of the Village in Florida where the Bickley's resided.] Typed notes on Carter G. Woodson. Transcription of letter from Bessie Woodson Yancey, CGW's sister, including text of the poem \"If You Live in West Virginia.\" CGW black history quiz prepared for the Spicy Ladies meeting.","Typed text of autobiographical musings about friendship: likens travel in the south in 1952 to the Underground Railroad travel; and includes details about the move to Morgantown in 1966.","Correspondence with  Goldenseal  regarding \"Edward Greer: First Black General from West Virginia\" and potential story about 1939 black student strike in Piedmont, WV. Manuscripts for Greer article.","Correspondence and drafts of a  Goldenseal  article \"Lifting as We Climb\" about the Charleston Woman's Improvement League. Research materials including facsimiles of photographs. Newspaper article about Judge Irene Berger, McDowell County.","Research materials on Carl Eugene Barnett and Robert Edward Lee Washington for entries in  African American Architects: A Biographical Dictionary, 1865-1945 .","Spiral bound program for  A Different World: Symposium on Diversity, Change, and Appalachian Youth,  2006, where Bickley was a panelist.","Appalachian Heritage , Summer 2008, which includes \"Carter G. Woodson: the West Virginia Connection\" by Ancella Bickley","Appalachian Heritage , Special Issue: Blacks in Appalachia, 1991, which includes Bickley's \"Molly Gabe\" in the Profiles section.","Goldenseal , Winter 2011, containing AB's article \"General Edward Greer: West Virginia's First Black General.\"","Correspondence with Dreck S. Wilson re: contribution to the book  Biographical Dictionary of African-American Architects, 1865-1945.","Research materials about George Wesley Atkinson, tenth governor of WV who attended Howard University. Paper titled \"West Virginia's Tenth Governor and the Black Community\" and newspaper article by AB.","Research materials re: the West Virginia Colored Orphans Home. Newspaper article written by AB. Testimonial for Fannie Cobb Carter. Research notes. Facsimiles of photos. Transcript of interview with Araminta Miller Justice. AB's paper about the Home.","Manuscript drafts and final versions for entries in the West Virginia Encyclopedia. Materials from West Virginia Humanities Council meetings re: the format and content of the Encyclopedia","Appalachian Heritage, Special Issue: Blacks in Appalachia,  Fall 1991, with article by AB in the Profiles Section on Mollie Gabe.","Musings written to friends, 1996. Clipping of \"Commentary: Capable of Thinking, Working…and Paying Her Own Bills,\" 1979, Ancella Bickley Jr.","Processor-created bibliography of Ancella Bickley's writings","Includes books written, complied, or edited by Bickley, and background research materials and drafts of manuscripts. Books Bickley wrote include: a children's book,   LuJay, No-Name, and the Parrot , also titled  Lucia Jean, No Name, and the Parrot  ;   …to be black in fayette  [sic];   History of the West Virginia State Teacher's Association ; and   In Spite of Obstacles: a History of the West Virginia Schools for Colored Deaf and Blind . Books edited by Bickley include:  Honoring Our Past: Proceedings of the First Two Conferences on West Virginia's Black History ;  Memphis Tennessee Garrison: the Remarkable Story of a Black Appalachian Woman ; and   Our Mount Vernons: Historic Register Listing of Sites Significant to the Black History of West Virginia .","Typed manuscripts, 1-14 parts, of 1968 oral history interview with Garrison by Bernard Cleveland, with AB notes and Post-it-Note tabs.","Draft of book introduction; correspondence; photos and negatives for book: MTG and family, Gary WV, mining, Edward O'Toole, facsimiles of photos. Facsimiles of William Garrison's obituary, letter of condolence from Agatha S. Lowe. Program for MTG celebration at Marshall. Personal notes of congratulations on book. Photograph permissions. Facsimile of deed for MTG's grandfather's property, Hollins, VA.","\"The Charleston Stage Company's Study Guide for George C. Wolfe's Adaptation of Zora Neale Hurston's  Spunk \"","Honoring Our Past: Proceedings of the First Two Conferences on West Virginia's Black History  edited by Joe William Trotter, Jr. and Ancella Bickley","Text and illustrations for [children's] book  Lucia Jean, No Name, and the Parrot  as told to Ancella. Original illustrations by S. Ross Browne.","Manuscript for \"Papers from the Conference on West Virginia's Black History, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia, September 1991\" Facsimile of a book chapter \"Negro Education and Integration.\" Facsimile of photograph of students at Weston Colored School.","Spiral bound  The Gathering .","Our Mount Vernons: Historic Register Listings of Sites Significant to the Black History of West Virginia  edited by Ancella R. Bickley.","History of the West Virginia State Teachers' Association  by Ancella R. Bickley; program for The Carter G. Woodson Memorial Foundation, Inc. annual banquet, 2006; research notes on  History of Negro Secondary Education in McDowell County, WV.","In Spite of Obstacles: a History of the West Virginia Schools for the Colored Deaf and Blind, 1926-1955  by Ancella Bickley.","Memphis Tennessee Garrison: the Remarkable Story of a Black Appalachian Woman  edited by Ancella R. Bickley and Lynda Ann Ewen.","Our Mount Vernons: Historic Register Listings of Sites Significant to the Black History of West Virginia  edited by Ancella R. Bickley. Program for Second Baptist Church in Fayetteville, 1993","Manuscript for  …to be black in fayette  written and compiled by Ancella R. Bickley for The Centennial Committee of the Second Baptist Church of Fayetteville, West Virginia, and The Fayette County Black Caucus.","Permissions to publish papers in  Honoring Our Past: Procedures of the First Two Conferences on West Virginia's Black History .","Correspondence with Joe William Trotter. Research notes. Materials relating to the Second Annual Conference on West Virginia's Black History and a paper on James McHenry Jones. Trotter's syllabus for a seminar \"The Afro-American Experience.\" \"Blacks in West Virginia: A Critique of the Secondary Literature and Survey of Primary Sources\" by Joe W. Trotter.","Galley proof of the children's book,  LuJay, No-Name, and the Parrot  by Ancella R Bickley, illustrated by S. Ross Browne. Handwritten list of names.","…to be black in fayette  written and compiled by Ancella R. Bickley for The Centennial Committee of the Second Baptist Church of Fayetteville, West Virginia and The Fayette County Black Caucus.","Includes full plays, skits, and historical interpreter scripts depicting characters such as: Ester from the Bible; West Virginia men and women such as Molly Gabe from Braxton County; Deborah Lacks Pullum, daughter of Henrietta Lacks; and many more. Includes manuscripts for a collaboration with Maureen Crocket in writing \"Tangled Threads: a Three Act Play\" and other plays. For \"Two Saint Say,\" a play performed at the Central Florida Community College, materials include an audition announcement, program, newspaper clipping, and correspondence. Also included is a newspaper clipping and details about Bickley's winning the Florida Senior Playwright Festival contest with \"Wade in the Water.\"","Newspaper article about the play  Two Saint Say  and its performance.","\"Historical Information Re: Milly, Enslaved Black Woman on Whom the Character, OAGE, in  Toussaint Say  Is Based\" Handwritten research notes.","Manuscript for \"Wade in the Water: a Play in One Act\" by Ancella R. Bickley. Correspondence regarding performance.","Manuscripts and notes for \"Mother Love: a Three Act Play\" by Ancella Bickley and Maureen Crockett. Annotated text.","Program for performance of  Two Saint Say  at the Central Florida Community College, February-March, [2008] Print of online article from the  Ocala Star Banner  added by processor.","Two Saint Say  and AB typed comments","Annotated \"In the Name of Woman.\" Facsimile of pages from 1909 court docket book, County of Allegheny (PA) and court case upon which the play is based.","Correspondence with Maureen 'Bunny' Crockett and Bobbi (bjslake@comcast.net) regarding changes to the play  Tangled Threads . Typed pages with annotations regarding black history. \"Mother Love: a Three Act Play\" by Ancella Bickley and Maureen Crockett.","Newspaper clipping for \"Villager's Work Winds Playwright Contest.\"\" Congratulatory email for selection of  Wade in the Water  for the Florida Senior Playwright Festival. Email commenting on inspiration for various plays. Lyrics for the spiritual \"Wade in the Water.\"","Scripts for historical interpreters for Deborah Lacks Pullum, Henrietta Lacks' daughter; and Henrietta Lacks. \"It Ain't Her: a One Act Play.\" Script for historical interpreter for Ona \"Oney\" Judge; Robert Smalls, 1839-1915; Callie House; and Percy Julian. Research notes on Dr. James Marion Sims and other projects. Program for WVU Honors College Symposium \"With a Torch in Their Souls: African Americans in the Civil War\"","Script for historical interpreter for Charles Hamilton Houston presented for the African-American Club, 2011; Gabriel; and Henrietta Lacks.","Research notes. Text of play \"And Further She Sayeth Naught.\" Text of play \"Heritage: an Historical Drama in Three Acts\" by Ancella Bickley and Maureen Crockett.","Two Saint Say: A Play in Two Acts . Auditions announcement. Correspondence regarding the production. Proposal to produce the play from the director Bobbi Jordan.","Correspondence regarding Megan Forrest, actress. Double sided card featuring photos of Ms. Forrest and a brief overview of future endeavors.","Brief plays regarding voting issues including: lack of attention to candidates and issues, campaign spending, voter assistance, pay for voting, etc. Unidentified group photograph. Handwritten dialog.","Two Saint Say: a Play in Two Acts  [performed at] Central Florida Community College, Ocala, Florida, February 29-March 1, 2008.","Submission form for  Wade in the Wate r for the Florida Senior Playwright Festival. Manuscript for Wade in the Water. Email update for Festival.","Manuscript for \"The Crossing,\" a play. Photocopied page regarding Mollie Gabe and her time in Braxton County.","Typed manuscript for a play  Tangled Threads .","\"On This Rock,\" a play; one annotated. Handwritten notes on \"A Last Right\" and \"A Good Christian Woman.\" Recommended edits to Bickley's writing? Short stories, \"The User\" and \"Feelin' the Heat\" by Charles Lloyd.","Traditions: A Journal of West Virginia Folk Culture and Educational Awareness , 1996, which includes Bickley's \"The Baby Catcher\"","Spiral bound  Two Saint Say: a Play in Two Acts  by Ancella Bickley","Research and performance notes for  Tangled Threads: A Three Act Play  by Ancella R. Bickley and Maureen Crockett. Lists of guests who read parts, 2014. Comments from readers.","Annotated  Tangled Threads , 2008.","Tangled Threads  labeled \"Work Copy\"","Tangled Threads","Annotated \"I-John,\" a play.","Table of contents for Skit of Ester, 2010. Web page re: Esther. Typed page re: Haman, Mordecai, and Esther. Chapter summaries. Typed paper about Queen Vashti. Two typewritten pages from larger document. Letter to Jerome re: return of skit manuscript. Letter to Jerome re: transmittal of skit text and masks for players. Handwritten, not AB's handwriting, notes. Three \"masks,\" made from paper fans, and for 6 characters.","Includes manuscripts and edited manuscripts for many stories and a collection of short stories,  Turn Left at the Desert  . Bickley's stories are mostly historical character studies and include themes such as faith and community. One highlight is a critical review of Bickley's short story \"Martha,\" a part of the anthology  Appalachian Love Stories  .","Manuscripts: \"Gabe,\" \"Turn Left at the Desert: Verbal 'Snapshots' from a Black Community\" contents, \"Jones,\" \"The Church on the Corner,\" and \"Sister Angelica.\"","Annotated story manuscripts. \"'Jones': Manuscript Submitted for Workshop, Women Writers Conference\" and reviewed by Faith [Holsart?]","Annotated manuscript for the story \"On This Rock;\" the play  Tangled Threads ; and the story \"It Ain't Her\"","Correspondence regarding writing critiques. Text of \"Mr. Adams,\" \"The Church on the Corner,\" \"Gabe,\" \"Angie's Uncle Robert,\" three versions of \"Mr. Abe Jackson,\" \"The Battle of the Bottle,\" \"DoeDoe,\" \"Addie,\" \"Lesey, Who Was Black, But Comely,\" \"The Lavender Hat,\" and \"A Day in the Park.\" AB commentary on stories.","Review of \"Martha.\" Text of \"Martha.\"","Manuscripts and notes for \"It Ain't Her,\" \"Belli: 'Momma Raised Me Up Special',\" The Battle of the Bottle,\" \"Bertha,\" \"Friends,\" and \"Martha.\"","Manuscript for stories for Turn Left at the Desert","Manuscript for stories for Turn Left at the Desert: \"It Ain't Her,\" \"Hush Now, Child\"","Excerpt from a review of AB's story, [\"Martha\"], in  Appalachian Love Stories .","Short stories for  Turn Left at the Desert.","Annotated manuscript for \"Bertha,\" a short story.","Appalachian Love Stories  compiled and edited by James M. Gifford, Edwina Pendarvis; includes \"Martha\" by Ancella Bickley.","Parts of  Turn Left at the Desert: Verbal \"Snapshots\" from a Black Community.","Handwritten beginning of a story","Handwritten pieces of writing","Typewritten contents for \"Turn Left at the Desert: Verbal 'Snapshots' from a Black Community\"","Typed manuscripts for various short stories.","Bickley was a prolific speaker; speeches cover a wide range of topics including faith, WV black history, black history and pride, West Virginia State College, education, black literature, and more. The majority of the speeches are typewritten.","Program for \"Mending an Era: a Slave Ship Speaks: the Wreck of the Henrietta Marie.\" Typed text, pages 6-7, of a speech (?) about slaves, Anderson Radford, Cassie Thomas Carter, and MTG's mother.","Text of 2 speeches about Alice Walker's novel  The Color Purple:  \"The Uses of Literature: 1984 \u0026 The Color Purple, Panel Discussion at the Tenth Anniversary Program of the Virginia Foundation for the Humanities,\" September, 1984; and one at Richard Bland Community College, October 7, 1985. Research notes on  The Color Purple . Research notes on Alice Walker's short stories \"1955\" and \"In Love and Trouble\"","Correspondence, schedule, lecture series program with AB's lecture on the Underground Railroad. Typed notes from Guyandotte presentation 11/9/91, and the Guyandotte Civil War Days. Program for Guyandotte Civil War Days, October 12-November 4, 1992 with listing of AB lecture \"Local Black Settlement.\" List of sources by Alan Gould, Marshall University. Invitation to present at the 1993 Civil War Days.","T he West Virginia and Regional History Collection Newsletter , Summer 1989, which includes a speech by AB at an education in WV forum.","Annotated text of a speech by both AB and NB about their time at WVU. WVU program \"A Celebration: Integration of Sports on the WVU Campus\" Correspondence with Dana Brooks regarding participation","Article regarding speech about  The Color Purple  at the West Virginia Alliance for Women's Studies meeting. Text of paper \"Black Education in WV\" read at WVU 6/20/89 for West Virginia Day.","Text of speech about black history in West Virginia and after-dinner remarks regarding social history. Email, travel itinerary, newspaper clipping, and correspondence.","Paper about the slave ship Amistad.","Text of speech re: the Underground Railroad. Newspaper article re: decree of freedom from slavery 150 years after.","Handwritten speech to Mo So Lit Club in McDowell County regarding the history of education of blacks, April 1983. WVSC Fall Convocation program, September 8, 1983; two texts of AB's welcome.","Handwritten poem \"Scamp\" [by Paul Laurence Dunbar]. Two handwritten speeches to the WVSC student government regarding importance of citizenship and service, and the history of WVSC. Invitation to speak to the Student Government Association, April 16, 1982. Newspaper article about black newspapers. Program for the Student Government Association Annual Inauguration Dinner, April 13, 1980. Speech for the Honors Convocation, 1985. \"Remarks prepared for State Senator Marie Redd for Blk History Month-2/4/99\" regarding black history and WV black history.","Correspondence regarding invitation to speak at the West Virginia State Baptist Convention. WVSC new student orientation schedule with remarks scheduled for AB. Text of speech, 1984 and 1985, including a brief history of WVSC and Institute.","First page of WVSC Honors Convocation Speech","Program for \"Building Leadership for Educational Excellence: NEA Mid-Atlantic Regional Leadership Conference, November 1-3, 1985 - Greenbrier Hotel, White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia.\" Annotated text of speech \"A Response to the New Right's Agenda for Public Education.\" Other speeches regarding education","Annotated text, some handwritten, of speech to the Mo So Lit Club, McDowell County, WV. Program for The Matrons and Maids Social and Literary Club (Ma-So-Lit), 50th Anniversary, April 17, 1983. Program and text of introduction of Ethel O. Davie for the WVSC Graduate Dinner, 1984.","Program and text of speech for \"Rewriting History\" panel at the \"Premonitions and Perspectives from 1984: Has the Orwellian World Arrived?\" Wisconsin Intellectual Freedom 6th Annual Conference in Milwaukee, March 1-3, 1984. Program, including full text of AB's speech for a panel on \"Perspectives on Censorship: A Discussion\" at the Twenty-First Annual NEA Conference on Human and Civil Rights in Education, February 25-27, 1983. Correspondence regarding invitations to speak at these conferences.","A speech about  The Color Purple  possibly delivered at a Virginia Humanities Conference.","Text of speech for WVSC Convocation and an outline of speech to women students.","Speeches about Carter G. Woodson, WV black history, her life and experiences, and MLK Day.","Speeches about WV black history, historical research, community service, her life and experiences, importance of black organizations, her faith, black women, race, and black education. Programs from presentations at churches. Letter confirming appointment to the Danforth Associate Program.","Speeches about black education; being a role model; leadership; church missionary work; Martin Luther King, Jr.; taking control; the college experience; community service; honoring Alan Gould; Our Mount Vernons; and black history. Corresponence re: speaking at churches.","Speeches about Black History Month; civil rights; Kwanzaa; women's rights; Martin Luther King, Jr.; the Underground Railroad; MTG; The Color Purple; black culture; Alice Walker; Carter G. Woodson; and WV black history.","Slides for WV black history speech. Research materials on WV black institutions. First two pages of speech. Handwritten text on various institutions.","\"Go with God: Remembering All of Us…,\" Commencement address at MU, 1990. Photograph of unidentified black men singing in church. The program for the 1975 NCTE Spring Institutes: \"Teaching Minority Literatures at All Levels.\"","Text of speech, one annotated, about  The Color Purple  for the Virginia Foundation for the Humanities; handwritten notes.","Text of two speeches about black culture with notes for accompanying slides. Note from Charles Davis. Langston Hughes poem with Alex Haley autograph. [No slides in file.]","Booklet presented to AB after she made a speech for the Army Corps of Engineers in Huntington.","Correspondence with NEA re: participation in panel \"Perspectives on Censorship: A Discussion.\" Handwritten speech on censoring literature by blacks and women in the context of the Kanawha County textbook controversy.","Background materials, correspondence, and text of speech \"Multiculturalism in West Virginia\" at the Governor's Honors Academy.","Newspaper clipping about AB Commencement address at Marshall University, 1990. \"And Further She Sayeth Naught: a Play in Three Acts\" by Maureen \"Bunny\" Crocket and Ancella Bickley. [Speech] re: education in WV.","Text of speech about Martha Toler Spencer. Outline for [speech] about black women. Handwritten text of speech in Virginia, Longwood College, about black women. Notes.","\"Go with God: Remember All of Us\" AB's commencement address at MU, 1994.","Typed text of speech for the National Education Association.","Edited paper about the mission of West Virginia State College and changes for the future."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eItems not held in the WVRHC collection which were sent to the Rare Books Curator:\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n1969/70 edition of \"The Black Student at WVU\" \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nBulletin of West Virginia State College, Series 21, no. 1, June 1933. \"Why Choose West Virginia State College\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nBickley, A. R., Carter, G. W. M. F. I., \u0026amp; Marshall University, H. W. V. D. A. (1997). \u003ctitle\u003eOur Mount Vernons: historic register listings of sites significant to the Black history of West Virginia\u003c/title\u003e. [Huntington, WV] : [Carter G. Woodson Memorial Foundation of Huntington and the Drinko Academy at Marshall University].\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nBooklet, \"History of African-American Miners in Appalachian Coal Fields: Black History Month, February, 2000\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Items not held in the WVRHC collection which were sent to the Rare Books Curator:\n \n1969/70 edition of \"The Black Student at WVU\"  \nBulletin of West Virginia State College, Series 21, no. 1, June 1933. \"Why Choose West Virginia State College\" \nBickley, A. R., Carter, G. W. M. F. I., \u0026 Marshall University, H. W. V. D. A. (1997).  Our Mount Vernons: historic register listings of sites significant to the Black history of West Virginia . [Huntington, WV] : [Carter G. Woodson Memorial Foundation of Huntington and the Drinko Academy at Marshall University]. \nBooklet, \"History of African-American Miners in Appalachian Coal Fields: Black History Month, February, 2000\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_6f25abedabab5822a513e8a3ea47bb48\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["West Virginia State College (Institute, W. Va.)","Bickley, Ancella R.","Bickley, Nelson R., 1928-2021","Woodson, Carter Godwin, 1875-1950","Garrison, Memphis Tennessee, 1890-1988","Yancey, Bessie Woodson, 1882-1958"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","West Virginia State College (Institute, W. Va.)","Bickley, Ancella R.","Wicks-Nelson, Rita, 1933-","Bickley, Nelson R., 1928-2021","Woodson, Carter Godwin, 1875-1950","Garrison, Memphis Tennessee, 1890-1988","Yancey, Bessie Woodson, 1882-1958"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","West Virginia State College (Institute, W. Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Bickley, Ancella R.","Wicks-Nelson, Rita, 1933-","Bickley, Nelson R., 1928-2021","Woodson, Carter Godwin, 1875-1950","Garrison, Memphis Tennessee, 1890-1988","Yancey, Bessie Woodson, 1882-1958"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":502,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-04T15:06:42.135Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6226"}},{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_408","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Anderson Family papers","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_408#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Anderson, Ellen Graham","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_408#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains items of the Anderson and Alexander families including correspondence dealing with legal business, family matters, and Lexington, Virginia affairs. 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Peterkin.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3959#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3959","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3959","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3959","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3959","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_3959.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/197755","title_ssm":["Andrew Delmar Hopkins Papers"],"title_tesim":["Andrew Delmar Hopkins Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1787-1943"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1787-1943"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 0904","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/3959"],"text":["A\u0026M 0904","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/3959","Andrew Delmar Hopkins Papers","Kanawha Farms, Wood County.","Bioclimatology","Entomology","W.Va. 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