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You are free to use collection materials in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s)."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["1 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1901],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll materials in this collection are available for public access unless otherwise noted. Restrictions on access are made in accordance with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA), the Virginia Freedom of Information Act, and any related policies or regulations.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["All materials in this collection are available for public access unless otherwise noted. Restrictions on access are made in accordance with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA), the Virginia Freedom of Information Act, and any related policies or regulations."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnless otherwise noted, the University of Virginia owns the copyright to the materials in this collection that have not yet entered the public domain. You are free to use collection materials in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Unless otherwise noted, the University of Virginia owns the copyright to the materials in this collection that have not yet entered the public domain. You are free to use collection materials in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s)."],"corpname_ssim":["Claude Moore Health Sciences Library"],"names_ssim":["Claude Moore Health Sciences Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":66,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:55:09.453Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_7_resources_217_c19"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1599_c03","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Robert Dickson, 1795/1876","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1599_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1599_c03","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1599_c03"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1599_c03","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1599","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1599","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1599","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1599","parent_ssim":["Dickson Family Papers, 1769/1924"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1599"],"title_filing_ssi":"Robert Dickson","title_ssm":["Robert Dickson"],"title_tesim":["Robert Dickson"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robert Dickson, 1795/1876"],"text":["Robert Dickson, 1795/1876","Dickson Family Papers, 1769/1924"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Dickson Family Papers, 1769/1924"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Dickson Family Papers, 1769/1924"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1795/1876"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1795-1876"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":120,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Dickson Family Papers, 1769/1924"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":3,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. 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Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","The collection is open for research.","The papers are arranged by family member and then by type of material.","The Dicksons were pioneer settlers of Greenbrier County, Virginia (now West Virginia). Joseph Dickson (1749-1822) settled in what is now Greenbrier County, West Virginia, from Ireland by way of Pennsylvania in the 1770s. He received land grants originally from the King's land office in 1769, and later from the Commonwealth of Virginia in 1785, 1789, and 1795 for property on Howard's Creek. His son, Robert Dickson (1795-1869?), inherited the land and built Locust Hill in 1833, now called Mountain Home. Robert Renick Dickson (1827-1888) and Henry Frazier Dickson (1841-1909), Robert Dickson's sons, inherited the land and in turn left it to their heirs. The Dicksons turned Mountain Home near White Sulphur Springs into a resort in the 1800s and early 1900s. The property and home were owned by the family until they were sold in 1968.","The guide to the Dickson Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Dickson Family Papers was completed prior to 2001.","The papers consist largely of land, property, and goods transaction receipts and documents of each of the four generations of the Dickson Family, who originally settled in what is now Greenbrier County, Virginia (now West Virginia) in the 1770s. Certificates, oaths, correspondence, deeds, and a diary are included in Joseph Dickson's papers, along with several sale documents for enslaved people from the late 1700s and early 1800s. Much of the land and goods and many of the enslaved people were exchanged with neighbors and others in the area. Most of Joseph Dickson's documents are individually described in this inventory. The papers of John Dickson (1737-1809, brother of Joseph Dickson), Robert Dickson, Robert Renick Dickson and Henry Frazier Dickson, and Geraldine Dickson Burrow (1879-1943, daughter of Henry Frazier Dickson), are grouped by type of material (for example, financial accounts, correspondence, and land deeds). Within Robert Dickson's correspondence are a few references to the American Civil War, including a letter from a Confederate tax collector demanding payment of his 1863 Confederate taxes. Other interesting documents include the transcript (1916) of the trial of Sallie Dickson (wife of Robert Renick Dickson) who was sued by Henry Frazier Dickson, for payment of rent due to him. The papers also include genealogy charts of the family.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The papers consist largely of land, property, and goods transaction receipts and documents of each of the four generations of the Dickson Family, who originally settled in what is now Greenbrier County, Virginia (now West Virginia) in the 1770s. 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Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives in 1988."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.8 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.8 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers are arranged by family member and then by type of material.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The papers are arranged by family member and then by type of material."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Dicksons were pioneer settlers of Greenbrier County, Virginia (now West Virginia). Joseph Dickson (1749-1822) settled in what is now Greenbrier County, West Virginia, from Ireland by way of Pennsylvania in the 1770s. He received land grants originally from the King's land office in 1769, and later from the Commonwealth of Virginia in 1785, 1789, and 1795 for property on Howard's Creek. His son, Robert Dickson (1795-1869?), inherited the land and built Locust Hill in 1833, now called Mountain Home. Robert Renick Dickson (1827-1888) and Henry Frazier Dickson (1841-1909), Robert Dickson's sons, inherited the land and in turn left it to their heirs. The Dicksons turned Mountain Home near White Sulphur Springs into a resort in the 1800s and early 1900s. The property and home were owned by the family until they were sold in 1968.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Family History Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Dicksons were pioneer settlers of Greenbrier County, Virginia (now West Virginia). Joseph Dickson (1749-1822) settled in what is now Greenbrier County, West Virginia, from Ireland by way of Pennsylvania in the 1770s. He received land grants originally from the King's land office in 1769, and later from the Commonwealth of Virginia in 1785, 1789, and 1795 for property on Howard's Creek. His son, Robert Dickson (1795-1869?), inherited the land and built Locust Hill in 1833, now called Mountain Home. Robert Renick Dickson (1827-1888) and Henry Frazier Dickson (1841-1909), Robert Dickson's sons, inherited the land and in turn left it to their heirs. The Dicksons turned Mountain Home near White Sulphur Springs into a resort in the 1800s and early 1900s. The property and home were owned by the family until they were sold in 1968."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Dickson Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Dickson Family Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Dickson Family Papers, 1769-1924, Ms1988-094, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Dickson Family Papers, 1769-1924, Ms1988-094, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Dickson Family Papers was completed prior to 2001.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Dickson Family Papers was completed prior to 2001."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers consist largely of land, property, and goods transaction receipts and documents of each of the four generations of the Dickson Family, who originally settled in what is now Greenbrier County, Virginia (now West Virginia) in the 1770s. Certificates, oaths, correspondence, deeds, and a diary are included in Joseph Dickson's papers, along with several sale documents for enslaved people from the late 1700s and early 1800s. Much of the land and goods and many of the enslaved people were exchanged with neighbors and others in the area. Most of Joseph Dickson's documents are individually described in this inventory. The papers of John Dickson (1737-1809, brother of Joseph Dickson), Robert Dickson, Robert Renick Dickson and Henry Frazier Dickson, and Geraldine Dickson Burrow (1879-1943, daughter of Henry Frazier Dickson), are grouped by type of material (for example, financial accounts, correspondence, and land deeds). Within Robert Dickson's correspondence are a few references to the American Civil War, including a letter from a Confederate tax collector demanding payment of his 1863 Confederate taxes. Other interesting documents include the transcript (1916) of the trial of Sallie Dickson (wife of Robert Renick Dickson) who was sued by Henry Frazier Dickson, for payment of rent due to him. The papers also include genealogy charts of the family.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers consist largely of land, property, and goods transaction receipts and documents of each of the four generations of the Dickson Family, who originally settled in what is now Greenbrier County, Virginia (now West Virginia) in the 1770s. Certificates, oaths, correspondence, deeds, and a diary are included in Joseph Dickson's papers, along with several sale documents for enslaved people from the late 1700s and early 1800s. Much of the land and goods and many of the enslaved people were exchanged with neighbors and others in the area. Most of Joseph Dickson's documents are individually described in this inventory. The papers of John Dickson (1737-1809, brother of Joseph Dickson), Robert Dickson, Robert Renick Dickson and Henry Frazier Dickson, and Geraldine Dickson Burrow (1879-1943, daughter of Henry Frazier Dickson), are grouped by type of material (for example, financial accounts, correspondence, and land deeds). Within Robert Dickson's correspondence are a few references to the American Civil War, including a letter from a Confederate tax collector demanding payment of his 1863 Confederate taxes. Other interesting documents include the transcript (1916) of the trial of Sallie Dickson (wife of Robert Renick Dickson) who was sued by Henry Frazier Dickson, for payment of rent due to him. The papers also include genealogy charts of the family."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_38302d5600958a1e835db472b2c30d32\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe papers consist largely of land, property, and goods transaction receipts and documents of each of the four generations of the Dickson Family, who originally settled in what is now Greenbrier County, Virginia (now West Virginia) in the 1770s. Certificates, oaths, correspondence, deeds, and a diary are included in Joseph Dickson's papers, along with several sale documents for enslaved people from the late 1700s and early 1800s. Much of the land and goods and many of the enslaved people were exchanged with neighbors and others in the area.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The papers consist largely of land, property, and goods transaction receipts and documents of each of the four generations of the Dickson Family, who originally settled in what is now Greenbrier County, Virginia (now West Virginia) in the 1770s. Certificates, oaths, correspondence, deeds, and a diary are included in Joseph Dickson's papers, along with several sale documents for enslaved people from the late 1700s and early 1800s. Much of the land and goods and many of the enslaved people were exchanged with neighbors and others in the area."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"famname_ssim":["Dickson family (Greenbrier County, W. Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Gib (enslaved person)","Patten (enslaved person)","Nan (enslaved person)","Elijah (enslaved person)","Joel (enslaved person)","Jude (enslaved person)","Jeff (enslaved person)","Jane (enslaved person)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Gib (enslaved person)","Patten (enslaved person)","Nan (enslaved person)","Elijah (enslaved person)","Joel (enslaved person)","Jude (enslaved person)","Jeff (enslaved person)","Jane (enslaved person)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Dickson family (Greenbrier County, W. 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MsV V1 Poll book, 1782-1810, for election of delegates to the General Assembly from Rockbridge County, [Va.], Mss. MsV Lev14 Rockbridge County, Va. Justice of the Peace Judgement and Execution Book, 1838-1849, Mss. MsV Lev15 Rockbridge County, Va. Court Receipt Book, 1833-1855\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9213_c75#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9213_c75","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_9213_c75"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9213_c75","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9213","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9213","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9213","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9213","parent_ssim":["Virginia Counties Collection, 1600/2000, bulk 1730/1890"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_9213"],"title_filing_ssi":"Rockbridge County","title_ssm":["Rockbridge County"],"title_tesim":["Rockbridge County"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Rockbridge County, 1790/1863"],"text":["Rockbridge County, 1790/1863","Virginia Counties Collection, 1600/2000, bulk 1730/1890","Related Material: Mss. MsV V1 Poll book, 1782-1810, for election of delegates to the General Assembly from Rockbridge County, [Va.], Mss. MsV Lev14 Rockbridge County, Va. Justice of the Peace Judgement and Execution Book, 1838-1849, Mss. MsV Lev15 Rockbridge County, Va. Court Receipt Book, 1833-1855"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Virginia Counties Collection, 1600/2000, bulk 1730/1890"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Virginia Counties Collection, 1600/2000, bulk 1730/1890"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1790/1863"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1790-1863"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":405,"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Counties Collection, 1600/2000, bulk 1730/1890"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":1,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRelated Material: Mss. MsV V1 Poll book, 1782-1810, for election of delegates to the General Assembly from Rockbridge County, [Va.], Mss. 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Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Reprocessed by Anne Johnson in 2011.","Mss. 39.2 V82ci Virginia Cities Collection, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library","Mss. 65 V82 Virginia Quitrents Collection, 1704-1705, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library","Search specific county names to access other collections that were generated by or generated in these counties, such as account books and family papers.","Artificial collection of papers relating to various counties in the Commonwealth of Virginia.","Includes current West Virginia Counties of Berkeley, Hardy, Jefferson, Morgan, Nicholas and Pendleton because the material was generated when these counties were part of Virginia.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Virginia. 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Minnich, a teacher; accounts of the board of school commissioners (including student names); and documents, 1770-1843, concerning lawsuits (including criminal cases and criminal cases involving slaves). 521 items. The lawsuit material begins with Box 19, folder 3 and is divided into two alphabetical groups which are organized by the main person in the lawsuit. The second group is in Box 20. 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Includes two deeds, 1828 and 1871; partial inventory and sale of personal property of James Dever; account book, 1860-1867, of John W. Minnich, a teacher; accounts of the board of school commissioners (including student names); and documents, 1770-1843, concerning lawsuits (including criminal cases and criminal cases involving slaves). 521 items. The lawsuit material begins with Box 19, folder 3 and is divided into two alphabetical groups which are organized by the main person in the lawsuit. The second group is in Box 20. These lawsuits contain various spellings of the participants' names, often two or three spellings in the same page.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers, 1770-1871, relating to Rockingham County, Va. Includes two deeds, 1828 and 1871; partial inventory and sale of personal property of James Dever; account book, 1860-1867, of John W. 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Va.)--History","Franklin County (Va.)--History","Frederick County (Va.)--History","General stores--Virginia","Gloucester County (Va.)--History","Grain--Milling--Virginia","Greenbrier County (Va.)--History","Hanover County (Va.)--History","Hardy County (W.Va.)--History","Harrison County (W. Va.)--History","Henrico County (Va.)--History","Indians of North America--Virginia","James City County (Va.)--History","Jury Selection--Virginia","Justices of the peace--Virginia","King George County (Va.)--History","King William County (Va.)--History","King and Queen County (Va.)--History","Land grants--Virginia","Lawyers--Virginia--History","Legal documents","Loudoun County (Va.)--History","Marriage records","Monongalia County (W. Va.)--History--19th century","Morgan County (W.Va.)--History--19th century","Nansemond County (Va.)--History","Nicholas County (W.Va.)--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Northampton County (Va.)--History","Northumberland County (Va.)--History","Ohio County (W. Va.)--History","Orange County (Va.)--History","Parishes--Virginia","Patents--United States","Pendleton County (W.Va.)--History","Pittsylvania County (Va.)--History","Postal service","Powhatan County (Va.)--History","Presidents--United States--Election","Prince Edward County (Va.)--History","Real property tax","Real property--Virginia","Rockbridge County (Va.)--History","Rockingham County (Va.)--History","Russell County (Va.)--History","Scott County (Va.)--History","Shenandoah County (Va.)--History","Sheriffs--Virginia","Slavery--Virginia--History","Southampton County (Va.)--History","Spotsylvania County (Va.)--History","Surry County (Va.)--History","Sussex County (Va.)--History","Taxation--Virginia--History","Taxation--West Virginia--History","United States--History--War of 1812","Weather--Virginia","Wills","World War, 1914-1918","World War, 1939-1945","Practice of law--Virginia","Advertising cards","Bible records","Booklets","Broadsides","Catalogs","Circulars (fliers)","Correspondence","Daybooks","Deeds","Financial records","Ledgers (Accounting)","Letters (correspondence)","Manuscripts (document genre)","Marriage certificates","Minutes","Newspapers","Pamphlets","Petitions","Photographs","Plat books","Programs","Receipts (financial records)","Surveys (documents)","Tax records","Virginia--Maps","Voters' lists"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["30.00 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["30.00 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Advertising cards","Bible records","Booklets","Broadsides","Catalogs","Circulars (fliers)","Correspondence","Daybooks","Deeds","Financial records","Ledgers (Accounting)","Letters (correspondence)","Manuscripts (document genre)","Marriage certificates","Minutes","Newspapers","Pamphlets","Petitions","Photographs","Plat books","Programs","Receipts (financial records)","Surveys (documents)","Tax records","Virginia--Maps","Voters' lists"],"date_range_isim":[1600,1601,1602,1603,1604,1605,1606,1607,1608,1609,1610,1611,1612,1613,1614,1615,1616,1617,1618,1619,1620,1621,1622,1623,1624,1625,1626,1627,1628,1629,1630,1631,1632,1633,1634,1635,1636,1637,1638,1639,1640,1641,1642,1643,1644,1645,1646,1647,1648,1649,1650,1651,1652,1653,1654,1655,1656,1657,1658,1659,1660,1661,1662,1663,1664,1665,1666,1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVirginia Counties Papers, [County Name], Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Virginia Counties Papers, [County Name], Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eReprocessed by Anne Johnson in 2011.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["Reprocessed by Anne Johnson in 2011."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMss. 39.2 V82ci Virginia Cities Collection, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Mss. 65 V82 Virginia Quitrents Collection, 1704-1705, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Search specific county names to access other collections that were generated by or generated in these counties, such as account books and family papers.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials:"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Mss. 39.2 V82ci Virginia Cities Collection, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library","Mss. 65 V82 Virginia Quitrents Collection, 1704-1705, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library","Search specific county names to access other collections that were generated by or generated in these counties, such as account books and family papers."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArtificial collection of papers relating to various counties in the Commonwealth of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Includes current West Virginia Counties of Berkeley, Hardy, Jefferson, Morgan, Nicholas and Pendleton because the material was generated when these counties were part of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Artificial collection of papers relating to various counties in the Commonwealth of Virginia.","Includes current West Virginia Counties of Berkeley, Hardy, Jefferson, Morgan, Nicholas and Pendleton because the material was generated when these counties were part of Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Virginia. General Court"],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia. General Court"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Virginia. General Court"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":488,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:04:58.389Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9213_c76"}},{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_39_c188","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Salem Gazette, Salem, MA, 1783/1820","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_39_c188#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_39_c188","ref_ssm":["vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_39_c188"],"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_39_c188","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_39","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_39","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_39","parent_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_39","parent_ssim":["Historic newspapers collection, 1757/1957"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_39"],"title_filing_ssi":"Salem Gazette, Salem, MA","title_ssm":["Salem Gazette, Salem, MA"],"title_tesim":["Salem Gazette, Salem, MA"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Salem Gazette, Salem, MA, 1783/1820"],"text":["Salem Gazette, Salem, MA, 1783/1820","Historic newspapers collection, 1757/1957","box 18","English."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Historic newspapers collection, 1757/1957"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Historic newspapers collection, 1757/1957"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1783/1820"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1783-1820"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":1100,"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"collection_ssim":["Historic newspapers collection, 1757/1957"],"containers_ssim":["box 18"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":7,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"language_ssim":["English."],"date_range_isim":[1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820],"_nest_path_":"/components#187","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:38:57.095Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_39","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_39","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_39","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_39","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_3_resources_39.xml","title_ssm":["Historic newspapers collection"],"title_tesim":["Historic newspapers collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1757-1957"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1757-1957"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1757/1957"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Historic newspapers collection, 1757/1957"],"text":["Historic newspapers collection, 1757/1957","SC.NEWS","/repositories/3/resources/39","This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.","The collection is organized alphabetically by title, then in chronological date. Unidentified newsclippings are listed at the end.","The large majority of these newspapers originate from the 13 colonies; notable newspapers include:","Columbian Centinel, Boston, MA.\nBenjamin Russell commenced publication on March 24, 1804 but resigned as editor in 1828. Semi-weekly publication continued until May 23, 1840, when it merged with other Boston papers and eventually became the Boston Herald.","National Intelligencer, Washington, DC.\nSamuel Harrison Smith founded the National Intelligencer in 1800 as a weekly publication. Joseph Gales, the sole reporter for the U.S. Senate at the time, was hired in 1807 as reporter and became sole proprietor in 1810. In 1813, Gales took his brother-in-law, William Winston Seaton, as partner and reporter for the U.S. House of Representatives. Daily publication began in 1813, except for August 24-30, 1814, during the British army occupation. Gales and Seaton were selected as official reporters of Congress from 1819 to 1829 and published the \"Annals of Congress, 1798-1824,\" and \"Register of Debates, 1824-1837,\" the record of Congressional\ndebates of the time. Gales died in 1860, and Seaton retired in 1864. Final publication in Washington was on January 10, 1870; thereafter, weekly publication began in New York but ended in 1872.","Pennsylvania Packet/American Daily Advertiser, Philadelphia, PA.\nJohn Dunlap started weekly publication of the Pennsylvania Packet and the General Advertiser on October 28, 1771. Beginning September 21, 1784, the name was changed to Pennsylvania Packet and Daily Advertiser, reflecting the change to a daily publication. The name was then changed to Dunlap's American Daily Advertiser in 1791, Dunlap and Claypoole's American Daily Advertiser in 1793, and finally to Claypoole's American Daily Advertiser in 1796. However, in 1839, it was sold to Zachariah Poulson, who re-named it Poulson's American Daily Advertiser and continued publication until 1839, when he sold it to the founders of the North American, a predecessor of the Philadelphia Inquirer.","Pennsylvania Gazette, Philadelphia, PA.\nSamuel Keimer first published the Pennsylvania Gazette weekly beginning in 1728 and sold it to Benjamin Franklin and Hugh Meredith in 1729. Franklin dominated the partnership and by 1732 had purchased complete ownership. In 1743, Franklin invited David Hall of Scotland to join his as a printer and took him as a partner in 1848. In 1766, Franklin sold the firm to Hall, who formed a new firm, Hall and Sellers, with a journeyman printer, William Sellers. Hall died in 1772, and was succeeded by his sons, William and David, Jr. Publication was suspended from November, 1776 to February, 1777, when British invasion threatened, and from September, 1777 until January 1779, due to British occupation. Upon resumption of publication in 1779, the title was changed to Pennsylvania Gazette and Weekly Advertiser. Sellers died in 1804, and publication passed to William Hall, Jr., who took Samuel C. Atkinson as partner in 1816. In May, 1821, Hall died and Atkinson continued publication, in September, 1821, changing the name to Saturday Evening Post and the character of the publication to more general and domestic interest.","The collection includes 185 titles spanning 200 years; all related to George Washington, his family, and Mount Vernon.","Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Society of the Cincinnati","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Fairfax, William, 1691?-1757","Fairfax, George William, 1724-1787","Law, Thomas, 1756-1834","Law, Elizabeth Parke Custis, 1776-1831","Claypoole, David C., 1757?-1849","Thomas, Isaiah, 1749-1831","Mercein, William A., -1850","Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1757-1834","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Anderson, James, 1745-1807","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Historic newspapers collection, 1757/1957"],"collection_ssim":["Historic newspapers collection, 1757/1957"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC.NEWS","/repositories/3/resources/39"],"unitid_tesim":["SC.NEWS","/repositories/3/resources/39"],"repository_ssm":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Washington, George, 1732-1799","Fairfax, William, 1691?-1757","Fairfax, George William, 1724-1787","Law, Thomas, 1756-1834","Law, Elizabeth Parke Custis, 1776-1831","Claypoole, David C., 1757?-1849","Thomas, Isaiah, 1749-1831","Mercein, William A., -1850","Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1757-1834","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Anderson, James, 1745-1807"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Society of the Cincinnati"],"creators_ssim":["Washington, George, 1732-1799","Fairfax, William, 1691?-1757","Fairfax, George William, 1724-1787","Law, Thomas, 1756-1834","Law, Elizabeth Parke Custis, 1776-1831","Claypoole, David C., 1757?-1849","Thomas, Isaiah, 1749-1831","Mercein, William A., -1850","Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1757-1834","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Anderson, James, 1745-1807","Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Society of the Cincinnati"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3.75 Linear Feet 15 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["3.75 Linear Feet 15 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized alphabetically by title, then in chronological date. Unidentified newsclippings are listed at the end.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized alphabetically by title, then in chronological date. Unidentified newsclippings are listed at the end."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe large majority of these newspapers originate from the 13 colonies; notable newspapers include:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph\u003eColumbian Centinel, Boston, MA.\u003c/emph\u003e\nBenjamin Russell commenced publication on March 24, 1804 but resigned as editor in 1828. Semi-weekly publication continued until May 23, 1840, when it merged with other Boston papers and eventually became the \u003cemph\u003eBoston Herald\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph\u003eNational Intelligencer, Washington, DC.\u003c/emph\u003e\nSamuel Harrison Smith founded the \u003cemph\u003eNational Intelligencer\u003c/emph\u003e in 1800 as a weekly publication. Joseph Gales, the sole reporter for the U.S. Senate at the time, was hired in 1807 as reporter and became sole proprietor in 1810. In 1813, Gales took his brother-in-law, William Winston Seaton, as partner and reporter for the U.S. House of Representatives. Daily publication began in 1813, except for August 24-30, 1814, during the British army occupation. Gales and Seaton were selected as official reporters of Congress from 1819 to 1829 and published the \"Annals of Congress, 1798-1824,\" and \"Register of Debates, 1824-1837,\" the record of Congressional\ndebates of the time. Gales died in 1860, and Seaton retired in 1864. Final publication in Washington was on January 10, 1870; thereafter, weekly publication began in New York but ended in 1872.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph\u003ePennsylvania Packet/American Daily Advertiser, Philadelphia, PA.\u003c/emph\u003e\nJohn Dunlap started weekly publication of the \u003cemph\u003ePennsylvania Packet\u003c/emph\u003e and the \u003cemph\u003eGeneral Advertiser\u003c/emph\u003e on October 28, 1771. Beginning September 21, 1784, the name was changed to \u003cemph\u003ePennsylvania Packet and Daily Advertiser\u003c/emph\u003e, reflecting the change to a daily publication. The name was then changed to \u003cemph\u003eDunlap's American Daily Advertiser\u003c/emph\u003e in 1791, \u003cemph\u003eDunlap and Claypoole's American Daily Advertiser \u003c/emph\u003ein 1793, and finally to \u003cemph\u003eClaypoole's American Daily Advertiser\u003c/emph\u003e in 1796. However, in 1839, it was sold to Zachariah Poulson, who re-named it \u003cemph\u003ePoulson's American Daily Advertiser\u003c/emph\u003e and continued publication until 1839, when he sold it to the founders of the North American, a predecessor of the \u003cemph\u003ePhiladelphia Inquirer\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph\u003ePennsylvania Gazette, Philadelphia, PA.\u003c/emph\u003e\nSamuel Keimer first published the Pennsylvania Gazette weekly beginning in 1728 and sold it to Benjamin Franklin and Hugh Meredith in 1729. Franklin dominated the partnership and by 1732 had purchased complete ownership. In 1743, Franklin invited David Hall of Scotland to join his as a printer and took him as a partner in 1848. In 1766, Franklin sold the firm to Hall, who formed a new firm, Hall and Sellers, with a journeyman printer, William Sellers. Hall died in 1772, and was succeeded by his sons, William and David, Jr. Publication was suspended from November, 1776 to February, 1777, when British invasion threatened, and from September, 1777 until January 1779, due to British occupation. Upon resumption of publication in 1779, the title was changed to Pennsylvania Gazette and Weekly Advertiser. Sellers died in 1804, and publication passed to William Hall, Jr., who took Samuel C. Atkinson as partner in 1816. In May, 1821, Hall died and Atkinson continued publication, in September, 1821, changing the name to Saturday Evening Post and the character of the publication to more general and domestic interest.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The large majority of these newspapers originate from the 13 colonies; notable newspapers include:","Columbian Centinel, Boston, MA.\nBenjamin Russell commenced publication on March 24, 1804 but resigned as editor in 1828. Semi-weekly publication continued until May 23, 1840, when it merged with other Boston papers and eventually became the Boston Herald.","National Intelligencer, Washington, DC.\nSamuel Harrison Smith founded the National Intelligencer in 1800 as a weekly publication. Joseph Gales, the sole reporter for the U.S. Senate at the time, was hired in 1807 as reporter and became sole proprietor in 1810. In 1813, Gales took his brother-in-law, William Winston Seaton, as partner and reporter for the U.S. House of Representatives. Daily publication began in 1813, except for August 24-30, 1814, during the British army occupation. Gales and Seaton were selected as official reporters of Congress from 1819 to 1829 and published the \"Annals of Congress, 1798-1824,\" and \"Register of Debates, 1824-1837,\" the record of Congressional\ndebates of the time. Gales died in 1860, and Seaton retired in 1864. Final publication in Washington was on January 10, 1870; thereafter, weekly publication began in New York but ended in 1872.","Pennsylvania Packet/American Daily Advertiser, Philadelphia, PA.\nJohn Dunlap started weekly publication of the Pennsylvania Packet and the General Advertiser on October 28, 1771. Beginning September 21, 1784, the name was changed to Pennsylvania Packet and Daily Advertiser, reflecting the change to a daily publication. The name was then changed to Dunlap's American Daily Advertiser in 1791, Dunlap and Claypoole's American Daily Advertiser in 1793, and finally to Claypoole's American Daily Advertiser in 1796. However, in 1839, it was sold to Zachariah Poulson, who re-named it Poulson's American Daily Advertiser and continued publication until 1839, when he sold it to the founders of the North American, a predecessor of the Philadelphia Inquirer.","Pennsylvania Gazette, Philadelphia, PA.\nSamuel Keimer first published the Pennsylvania Gazette weekly beginning in 1728 and sold it to Benjamin Franklin and Hugh Meredith in 1729. Franklin dominated the partnership and by 1732 had purchased complete ownership. In 1743, Franklin invited David Hall of Scotland to join his as a printer and took him as a partner in 1848. In 1766, Franklin sold the firm to Hall, who formed a new firm, Hall and Sellers, with a journeyman printer, William Sellers. Hall died in 1772, and was succeeded by his sons, William and David, Jr. Publication was suspended from November, 1776 to February, 1777, when British invasion threatened, and from September, 1777 until January 1779, due to British occupation. Upon resumption of publication in 1779, the title was changed to Pennsylvania Gazette and Weekly Advertiser. Sellers died in 1804, and publication passed to William Hall, Jr., who took Samuel C. Atkinson as partner in 1816. In May, 1821, Hall died and Atkinson continued publication, in September, 1821, changing the name to Saturday Evening Post and the character of the publication to more general and domestic interest."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], Historic newspaper collection, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Name and date of item], Historic newspaper collection, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes 185 titles spanning 200 years; all related to George Washington, his family, and Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes 185 titles spanning 200 years; all related to George Washington, his family, and Mount Vernon."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Society of the Cincinnati"],"persname_ssim":["Washington, George, 1732-1799","Fairfax, William, 1691?-1757","Fairfax, George William, 1724-1787","Law, Thomas, 1756-1834","Law, Elizabeth Parke Custis, 1776-1831","Claypoole, David C., 1757?-1849","Thomas, Isaiah, 1749-1831","Mercein, William A., -1850","Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1757-1834","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Anderson, James, 1745-1807"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Society of the Cincinnati","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Fairfax, William, 1691?-1757","Fairfax, George William, 1724-1787","Law, Thomas, 1756-1834","Law, Elizabeth Parke Custis, 1776-1831","Claypoole, David C., 1757?-1849","Thomas, Isaiah, 1749-1831","Mercein, William A., -1850","Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1757-1834","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Anderson, James, 1745-1807"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1313,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:38:57.095Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_39_c188"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8471_c01","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Samuel Barron, 1765/1910","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8471_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8471_c01","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8471_c01"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8471_c01","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8471","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8471","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8471","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8471","parent_ssim":["Barron Family Papers, 1793/1942"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8471"],"title_filing_ssi":"Samuel Barron","title_ssm":["Samuel Barron"],"title_tesim":["Samuel Barron"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Samuel Barron, 1765/1910"],"text":["Samuel Barron, 1765/1910","Barron Family Papers, 1793/1942"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Barron Family Papers, 1793/1942"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Barron Family Papers, 1793/1942"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1765/1910"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1765-1910"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":1,"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Barron Family Papers, 1793/1942"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":26,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:03:58.803Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8471","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8471","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8471","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8471","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_8471.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Barron Family Papers","title_ssm":["Barron Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Barron Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1793-1942"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1793-1942"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1793/1942"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Barron Family Papers, 1793/1942"],"text":["Barron Family Papers, 1793/1942","Mss. 65 B29","/repositories/2/resources/8471","Confederate States of America. Navy","Constitution (Frigate)","United States. Navy--History--19th century","United States. Navy--History--Tripolitan War, 1801-1805","Correspondence","Financial records","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","The collection is arranged into 4 Series. Series 1-3 contain materials related to three generations of naval officera in the Barron family. Respectively, they are Samuel Barron (1765-1810), Samuel Barron (1809-1888), and Samuel Barron (1836-1891). Series 4 contains reference materials relating to the Barron family.","There were three generations of naval officers named Samuel Barron. Samuel Barron (1765-1810) served in Virginia State Navy, then became a captain in U. S. Navy when it was formed. He was commander-in-chief of a Mediterranean Squadron in the War with Tripoli. Samuel Barron (1808-1888) served as captain in U. S. Navy and as a flag officer of Confederate States Navy in command of the European Theater. Samuel Barron (1836-1892) was a lieutenant in the merchant marine before the Civil War and served as a clerk to his father during the Civil War.","Samuel Barron (1765-1810) was an officer in the United States Navy who served during the American Revolution, Quasi-War with France, and the First Barbary War. Barron studied at the College of William \u0026 Mary before serving in the Virginia State Navy during the American Revolution. Following the Revolution, he was a merchant captain before joining the United States Navy. He served in the Navy during the Quasi-War with France and the First Barbary War, attaining the rank of Commodore before returning to the United States due to poor health in 1805. After his return, he commanded the Gosport Shipyard in Virginia, but he never fully recovered his health and died in 1810. Barron's younger brother, James Barron, also attained the rank of Commodore. He was involved in the Chesapeake-Leopard Affair in 1807, which resulted in his court marshal for neglect of duty. He was also a participant in the duel which resulted in the death of Commodore Stephen Decatur in 1820.","Samuel Barron's son, Samuel Barron (1809-1888), was ordered to duty at the Gosport Shipyard at the age of six, making him the youngest person ever commissioned to active duty in the U.S. Navy. Barron sailed for the first time at age ten. He sailed in the Mediterranean, West Indies, West coast of Africa, and both coasts of South America. He also served during the Mexican-American War. Barron was made a lieutenant at age 18, and was promoted to captain in 1855. In 1861, Barron resigned his commission to join the Confederacy during the Civil War. He was tasked with building a navy, and helped procured ships and arms. In August 1861, he was captured by Union forces during an attack on Fort Hatteras. Barron was a prisoner until 1862, when he was exchanged. In 1863, Barron was made a commodore and sent to Europe as the senior Confederate Naval officer there. Following the war, he returned to Virginia and took up farming until his death in 1888.","His son, Samuel Barron (1836-1891), was also a Naval officer. He served as a liuetenant during the Civil War, and achieved the rank of captain by the end of his career.","Samuel Barron Papers (II), Samuel Barron Papers (III), James Barron Papers (Mss. 65 B27), and James Barron Hope Papers (Mss. 65 H77), Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries.","Papers and correspondence of three generations of Samuel Barrons, all of whom were involved in naval affairs. Papers, 1793-1809, of Samuel Barron (1765-1810), commander of one of the Mediterranean squadrons sent to defeat Tripoli. Papers concern naval business and the War with Tripoli. Includes correspondence with his brother James Barron, Stephen Decatur, William Eaton (concerning his controversy with Tobias Lear over the Tripolitan peace settlement), Tobias Lear, Edward Preble, John Rodgers, Robert Smith (Secretary of the Navy), and Thomas Truxton. Includes letters written by Preble and Rodgers on board the USS Constitution and letters concerning the capture of William Bainbridge and the seamen of the USS Philadelphia.","Collections includes manuscript volume, 1834-1847, of sea service of Samuel Barron (1808-1888) aboard ships in Carribbean and Mediterranean seas and includes a copy made by Samuel Barron (1836-1892) of an account by James Barron of his duel with Decatur. The volume also has genealogical material concerning the Barron family.","Papers of Samuel Barron (1808-1888) concern his service off South America and as an officer of Confederate States Navy in command of the European theater. Correspondents include Zebulon Baird Vance, Stephen R. Mallory and Raphael Semmes (giving an account of the engagement between the USS Kearsage and the CSS Alabama). There is a memoir by James Barron Hope in vindication of the censure of Samuel Barron for the loss of Fort Hatteras, N.C., and there are some papers relating to the service of Samuel Barron (1836-1892) as acting master and lieutenant in the Confederate States Navy.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Alabama (Cruiser)","Barron family","Barron, Samuel, Capt., 1765-1810","Barron, James, 1769-1851","Barron, Samuel, 1808-1888","Barron, Samuel, Lt., 1836-1892","Decatur, Stephen, 1779-1820","Eaton, William, 1764-1811","Hope, James Barron, 1829-1887","Lear, Tobias, 1762-1816","Mallory, Stephen R. (Stephen Russell), 1813-1873","Preble, Edward, 1761-1807","Rodgers, John, 1773-1838","Semmes, Raphael, 1829-1887","Smith, Robert, 1757-1842","Truxton, Thomas, 1755-1822","Vance, Zebulon Baird, 1830-1894","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Barron Family Papers, 1793/1942"],"collection_ssim":["Barron Family Papers, 1793/1942"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. 65 B29","/repositories/2/resources/8471"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. 65 B29","/repositories/2/resources/8471"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_ssm":["Barron, Samuel, Capt., 1765-1810","Barron, James, 1769-1851","Barron, Samuel, 1808-1888","Barron, Samuel, Lt., 1836-1892","Decatur, Stephen, 1779-1820","Eaton, William, 1764-1811","Hope, James Barron, 1829-1887","Lear, Tobias, 1762-1816","Mallory, Stephen R. (Stephen Russell), 1813-1873","Preble, Edward, 1761-1807","Rodgers, John, 1773-1838","Semmes, Raphael, 1829-1887","Smith, Robert, 1757-1842","Truxton, Thomas, 1755-1822","Vance, Zebulon Baird, 1830-1894"],"creator_ssim":["Barron, Samuel, Capt., 1765-1810","Barron, James, 1769-1851","Barron, Samuel, 1808-1888","Barron, Samuel, Lt., 1836-1892","Decatur, Stephen, 1779-1820","Eaton, William, 1764-1811","Hope, James Barron, 1829-1887","Lear, Tobias, 1762-1816","Mallory, Stephen R. (Stephen Russell), 1813-1873","Preble, Edward, 1761-1807","Rodgers, John, 1773-1838","Semmes, Raphael, 1829-1887","Smith, Robert, 1757-1842","Truxton, Thomas, 1755-1822","Vance, Zebulon Baird, 1830-1894"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Barron, Samuel, Capt., 1765-1810","Barron, James, 1769-1851","Barron, Samuel, 1808-1888","Barron, Samuel, Lt., 1836-1892","Decatur, Stephen, 1779-1820","Eaton, William, 1764-1811","Hope, James Barron, 1829-1887","Lear, Tobias, 1762-1816","Mallory, Stephen R. (Stephen Russell), 1813-1873","Preble, Edward, 1761-1807","Rodgers, John, 1773-1838","Semmes, Raphael, 1829-1887","Smith, Robert, 1757-1842","Truxton, Thomas, 1755-1822","Vance, Zebulon Baird, 1830-1894"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Alabama (Cruiser)"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Barron family"],"creators_ssim":["Barron, Samuel, Capt., 1765-1810","Barron, James, 1769-1851","Barron, Samuel, 1808-1888","Barron, Samuel, Lt., 1836-1892","Decatur, Stephen, 1779-1820","Eaton, William, 1764-1811","Hope, James Barron, 1829-1887","Lear, Tobias, 1762-1816","Mallory, Stephen R. (Stephen Russell), 1813-1873","Preble, Edward, 1761-1807","Rodgers, John, 1773-1838","Semmes, Raphael, 1829-1887","Smith, Robert, 1757-1842","Truxton, Thomas, 1755-1822","Vance, Zebulon Baird, 1830-1894","Special Collections Research Center","Alabama (Cruiser)","Barron family"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Confederate States of America. Navy","Constitution (Frigate)","United States. Navy--History--19th century","United States. Navy--History--Tripolitan War, 1801-1805","Correspondence","Financial records"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Confederate States of America. Navy","Constitution (Frigate)","United States. Navy--History--19th century","United States. 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Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into 4 Series. Series 1-3 contain materials related to three generations of naval officera in the Barron family. Respectively, they are Samuel Barron (1765-1810), Samuel Barron (1809-1888), and Samuel Barron (1836-1891). Series 4 contains reference materials relating to the Barron family.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into 4 Series. Series 1-3 contain materials related to three generations of naval officera in the Barron family. Respectively, they are Samuel Barron (1765-1810), Samuel Barron (1809-1888), and Samuel Barron (1836-1891). Series 4 contains reference materials relating to the Barron family."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere were three generations of naval officers named Samuel Barron. Samuel Barron (1765-1810) served in Virginia State Navy, then became a captain in U. S. Navy when it was formed. He was commander-in-chief of a Mediterranean Squadron in the War with Tripoli. Samuel Barron (1808-1888) served as captain in U. S. Navy and as a flag officer of Confederate States Navy in command of the European Theater. Samuel Barron (1836-1892) was a lieutenant in the merchant marine before the Civil War and served as a clerk to his father during the Civil War. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSamuel Barron (1765-1810) was an officer in the United States Navy who served during the American Revolution, Quasi-War with France, and the First Barbary War. Barron studied at the College of William \u0026amp; Mary before serving in the Virginia State Navy during the American Revolution. Following the Revolution, he was a merchant captain before joining the United States Navy. He served in the Navy during the Quasi-War with France and the First Barbary War, attaining the rank of Commodore before returning to the United States due to poor health in 1805. After his return, he commanded the Gosport Shipyard in Virginia, but he never fully recovered his health and died in 1810. Barron's younger brother, James Barron, also attained the rank of Commodore. He was involved in the Chesapeake-Leopard Affair in 1807, which resulted in his court marshal for neglect of duty. He was also a participant in the duel which resulted in the death of Commodore Stephen Decatur in 1820.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSamuel Barron's son, Samuel Barron (1809-1888), was ordered to duty at the Gosport Shipyard at the age of six, making him the youngest person ever commissioned to active duty in the U.S. Navy. Barron sailed for the first time at age ten. He sailed in the Mediterranean, West Indies, West coast of Africa, and both coasts of South America. He also served during the Mexican-American War. Barron was made a lieutenant at age 18, and was promoted to captain in 1855. In 1861, Barron resigned his commission to join the Confederacy during the Civil War. He was tasked with building a navy, and helped procured ships and arms. In August 1861, he was captured by Union forces during an attack on Fort Hatteras. Barron was a prisoner until 1862, when he was exchanged. In 1863, Barron was made a commodore and sent to Europe as the senior Confederate Naval officer there. Following the war, he returned to Virginia and took up farming until his death in 1888.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHis son, Samuel Barron (1836-1891), was also a Naval officer. He served as a liuetenant during the Civil War, and achieved the rank of captain by the end of his career.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["There were three generations of naval officers named Samuel Barron. Samuel Barron (1765-1810) served in Virginia State Navy, then became a captain in U. S. Navy when it was formed. He was commander-in-chief of a Mediterranean Squadron in the War with Tripoli. Samuel Barron (1808-1888) served as captain in U. S. Navy and as a flag officer of Confederate States Navy in command of the European Theater. Samuel Barron (1836-1892) was a lieutenant in the merchant marine before the Civil War and served as a clerk to his father during the Civil War.","Samuel Barron (1765-1810) was an officer in the United States Navy who served during the American Revolution, Quasi-War with France, and the First Barbary War. Barron studied at the College of William \u0026 Mary before serving in the Virginia State Navy during the American Revolution. Following the Revolution, he was a merchant captain before joining the United States Navy. He served in the Navy during the Quasi-War with France and the First Barbary War, attaining the rank of Commodore before returning to the United States due to poor health in 1805. After his return, he commanded the Gosport Shipyard in Virginia, but he never fully recovered his health and died in 1810. Barron's younger brother, James Barron, also attained the rank of Commodore. He was involved in the Chesapeake-Leopard Affair in 1807, which resulted in his court marshal for neglect of duty. He was also a participant in the duel which resulted in the death of Commodore Stephen Decatur in 1820.","Samuel Barron's son, Samuel Barron (1809-1888), was ordered to duty at the Gosport Shipyard at the age of six, making him the youngest person ever commissioned to active duty in the U.S. Navy. Barron sailed for the first time at age ten. He sailed in the Mediterranean, West Indies, West coast of Africa, and both coasts of South America. He also served during the Mexican-American War. Barron was made a lieutenant at age 18, and was promoted to captain in 1855. In 1861, Barron resigned his commission to join the Confederacy during the Civil War. He was tasked with building a navy, and helped procured ships and arms. In August 1861, he was captured by Union forces during an attack on Fort Hatteras. Barron was a prisoner until 1862, when he was exchanged. In 1863, Barron was made a commodore and sent to Europe as the senior Confederate Naval officer there. Following the war, he returned to Virginia and took up farming until his death in 1888.","His son, Samuel Barron (1836-1891), was also a Naval officer. He served as a liuetenant during the Civil War, and achieved the rank of captain by the end of his career."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBarron Family Papers. Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Barron Family Papers. Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSamuel Barron Papers (II), Samuel Barron Papers (III), James Barron Papers (Mss. 65 B27), and James Barron Hope Papers (Mss. 65 H77), Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials:"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Samuel Barron Papers (II), Samuel Barron Papers (III), James Barron Papers (Mss. 65 B27), and James Barron Hope Papers (Mss. 65 H77), Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers and correspondence of three generations of Samuel Barrons, all of whom were involved in naval affairs. Papers, 1793-1809, of Samuel Barron (1765-1810), commander of one of the Mediterranean squadrons sent to defeat Tripoli. Papers concern naval business and the War with Tripoli. Includes correspondence with his brother James Barron, Stephen Decatur, William Eaton (concerning his controversy with Tobias Lear over the Tripolitan peace settlement), Tobias Lear, Edward Preble, John Rodgers, Robert Smith (Secretary of the Navy), and Thomas Truxton. Includes letters written by Preble and Rodgers on board the USS Constitution and letters concerning the capture of William Bainbridge and the seamen of the USS Philadelphia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCollections includes manuscript volume, 1834-1847, of sea service of Samuel Barron (1808-1888) aboard ships in Carribbean and Mediterranean seas and includes a copy made by Samuel Barron (1836-1892) of an account by James Barron of his duel with Decatur. The volume also has genealogical material concerning the Barron family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePapers of Samuel Barron (1808-1888) concern his service off South America and as an officer of Confederate States Navy in command of the European theater. Correspondents include Zebulon Baird Vance, Stephen R. Mallory and Raphael Semmes (giving an account of the engagement between the USS Kearsage and the CSS Alabama). There is a memoir by James Barron Hope in vindication of the censure of Samuel Barron for the loss of Fort Hatteras, N.C., and there are some papers relating to the service of Samuel Barron (1836-1892) as acting master and lieutenant in the Confederate States Navy.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers and correspondence of three generations of Samuel Barrons, all of whom were involved in naval affairs. Papers, 1793-1809, of Samuel Barron (1765-1810), commander of one of the Mediterranean squadrons sent to defeat Tripoli. Papers concern naval business and the War with Tripoli. Includes correspondence with his brother James Barron, Stephen Decatur, William Eaton (concerning his controversy with Tobias Lear over the Tripolitan peace settlement), Tobias Lear, Edward Preble, John Rodgers, Robert Smith (Secretary of the Navy), and Thomas Truxton. Includes letters written by Preble and Rodgers on board the USS Constitution and letters concerning the capture of William Bainbridge and the seamen of the USS Philadelphia.","Collections includes manuscript volume, 1834-1847, of sea service of Samuel Barron (1808-1888) aboard ships in Carribbean and Mediterranean seas and includes a copy made by Samuel Barron (1836-1892) of an account by James Barron of his duel with Decatur. The volume also has genealogical material concerning the Barron family.","Papers of Samuel Barron (1808-1888) concern his service off South America and as an officer of Confederate States Navy in command of the European theater. Correspondents include Zebulon Baird Vance, Stephen R. Mallory and Raphael Semmes (giving an account of the engagement between the USS Kearsage and the CSS Alabama). There is a memoir by James Barron Hope in vindication of the censure of Samuel Barron for the loss of Fort Hatteras, N.C., and there are some papers relating to the service of Samuel Barron (1836-1892) as acting master and lieutenant in the Confederate States Navy."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Alabama (Cruiser)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Alabama (Cruiser)","Barron family"],"famname_ssim":["Barron family"],"persname_ssim":["Barron, Samuel, Capt., 1765-1810","Barron, James, 1769-1851","Barron, Samuel, 1808-1888","Barron, Samuel, Lt., 1836-1892","Decatur, Stephen, 1779-1820","Eaton, William, 1764-1811","Hope, James Barron, 1829-1887","Lear, Tobias, 1762-1816","Mallory, Stephen R. (Stephen Russell), 1813-1873","Preble, Edward, 1761-1807","Rodgers, John, 1773-1838","Semmes, Raphael, 1829-1887","Smith, Robert, 1757-1842","Truxton, Thomas, 1755-1822","Vance, Zebulon Baird, 1830-1894"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Alabama (Cruiser)","Barron family","Barron, Samuel, Capt., 1765-1810","Barron, James, 1769-1851","Barron, Samuel, 1808-1888","Barron, Samuel, Lt., 1836-1892","Decatur, Stephen, 1779-1820","Eaton, William, 1764-1811","Hope, James Barron, 1829-1887","Lear, Tobias, 1762-1816","Mallory, Stephen R. (Stephen Russell), 1813-1873","Preble, Edward, 1761-1807","Rodgers, John, 1773-1838","Semmes, Raphael, 1829-1887","Smith, Robert, 1757-1842","Truxton, Thomas, 1755-1822","Vance, Zebulon Baird, 1830-1894"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":60,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:03:58.803Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8471_c01"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8471_c02","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Samuel Barron, 1809/1888","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8471_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8471_c02","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8471_c02"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8471_c02","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8471","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8471","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8471","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8471","parent_ssim":["Barron Family Papers, 1793/1942"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8471"],"title_filing_ssi":"Samuel Barron","title_ssm":["Samuel Barron"],"title_tesim":["Samuel Barron"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Samuel Barron, 1809/1888"],"text":["Samuel Barron, 1809/1888","Barron Family Papers, 1793/1942"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Barron Family Papers, 1793/1942"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Barron Family Papers, 1793/1942"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1809/1888"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1809-1888"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":28,"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Barron Family Papers, 1793/1942"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":16,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888],"_nest_path_":"/components#1","timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:03:58.803Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8471","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8471","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8471","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8471","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_8471.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Barron Family Papers","title_ssm":["Barron Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Barron Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1793-1942"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1793-1942"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1793/1942"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Barron Family Papers, 1793/1942"],"text":["Barron Family Papers, 1793/1942","Mss. 65 B29","/repositories/2/resources/8471","Confederate States of America. Navy","Constitution (Frigate)","United States. Navy--History--19th century","United States. Navy--History--Tripolitan War, 1801-1805","Correspondence","Financial records","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","The collection is arranged into 4 Series. Series 1-3 contain materials related to three generations of naval officera in the Barron family. Respectively, they are Samuel Barron (1765-1810), Samuel Barron (1809-1888), and Samuel Barron (1836-1891). Series 4 contains reference materials relating to the Barron family.","There were three generations of naval officers named Samuel Barron. Samuel Barron (1765-1810) served in Virginia State Navy, then became a captain in U. S. Navy when it was formed. He was commander-in-chief of a Mediterranean Squadron in the War with Tripoli. Samuel Barron (1808-1888) served as captain in U. S. Navy and as a flag officer of Confederate States Navy in command of the European Theater. Samuel Barron (1836-1892) was a lieutenant in the merchant marine before the Civil War and served as a clerk to his father during the Civil War.","Samuel Barron (1765-1810) was an officer in the United States Navy who served during the American Revolution, Quasi-War with France, and the First Barbary War. Barron studied at the College of William \u0026 Mary before serving in the Virginia State Navy during the American Revolution. Following the Revolution, he was a merchant captain before joining the United States Navy. He served in the Navy during the Quasi-War with France and the First Barbary War, attaining the rank of Commodore before returning to the United States due to poor health in 1805. After his return, he commanded the Gosport Shipyard in Virginia, but he never fully recovered his health and died in 1810. Barron's younger brother, James Barron, also attained the rank of Commodore. He was involved in the Chesapeake-Leopard Affair in 1807, which resulted in his court marshal for neglect of duty. He was also a participant in the duel which resulted in the death of Commodore Stephen Decatur in 1820.","Samuel Barron's son, Samuel Barron (1809-1888), was ordered to duty at the Gosport Shipyard at the age of six, making him the youngest person ever commissioned to active duty in the U.S. Navy. Barron sailed for the first time at age ten. He sailed in the Mediterranean, West Indies, West coast of Africa, and both coasts of South America. He also served during the Mexican-American War. Barron was made a lieutenant at age 18, and was promoted to captain in 1855. In 1861, Barron resigned his commission to join the Confederacy during the Civil War. He was tasked with building a navy, and helped procured ships and arms. In August 1861, he was captured by Union forces during an attack on Fort Hatteras. Barron was a prisoner until 1862, when he was exchanged. In 1863, Barron was made a commodore and sent to Europe as the senior Confederate Naval officer there. Following the war, he returned to Virginia and took up farming until his death in 1888.","His son, Samuel Barron (1836-1891), was also a Naval officer. He served as a liuetenant during the Civil War, and achieved the rank of captain by the end of his career.","Samuel Barron Papers (II), Samuel Barron Papers (III), James Barron Papers (Mss. 65 B27), and James Barron Hope Papers (Mss. 65 H77), Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries.","Papers and correspondence of three generations of Samuel Barrons, all of whom were involved in naval affairs. Papers, 1793-1809, of Samuel Barron (1765-1810), commander of one of the Mediterranean squadrons sent to defeat Tripoli. Papers concern naval business and the War with Tripoli. Includes correspondence with his brother James Barron, Stephen Decatur, William Eaton (concerning his controversy with Tobias Lear over the Tripolitan peace settlement), Tobias Lear, Edward Preble, John Rodgers, Robert Smith (Secretary of the Navy), and Thomas Truxton. Includes letters written by Preble and Rodgers on board the USS Constitution and letters concerning the capture of William Bainbridge and the seamen of the USS Philadelphia.","Collections includes manuscript volume, 1834-1847, of sea service of Samuel Barron (1808-1888) aboard ships in Carribbean and Mediterranean seas and includes a copy made by Samuel Barron (1836-1892) of an account by James Barron of his duel with Decatur. The volume also has genealogical material concerning the Barron family.","Papers of Samuel Barron (1808-1888) concern his service off South America and as an officer of Confederate States Navy in command of the European theater. Correspondents include Zebulon Baird Vance, Stephen R. Mallory and Raphael Semmes (giving an account of the engagement between the USS Kearsage and the CSS Alabama). There is a memoir by James Barron Hope in vindication of the censure of Samuel Barron for the loss of Fort Hatteras, N.C., and there are some papers relating to the service of Samuel Barron (1836-1892) as acting master and lieutenant in the Confederate States Navy.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Alabama (Cruiser)","Barron family","Barron, Samuel, Capt., 1765-1810","Barron, James, 1769-1851","Barron, Samuel, 1808-1888","Barron, Samuel, Lt., 1836-1892","Decatur, Stephen, 1779-1820","Eaton, William, 1764-1811","Hope, James Barron, 1829-1887","Lear, Tobias, 1762-1816","Mallory, Stephen R. (Stephen Russell), 1813-1873","Preble, Edward, 1761-1807","Rodgers, John, 1773-1838","Semmes, Raphael, 1829-1887","Smith, Robert, 1757-1842","Truxton, Thomas, 1755-1822","Vance, Zebulon Baird, 1830-1894","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Barron Family Papers, 1793/1942"],"collection_ssim":["Barron Family Papers, 1793/1942"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. 65 B29","/repositories/2/resources/8471"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. 65 B29","/repositories/2/resources/8471"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_ssm":["Barron, Samuel, Capt., 1765-1810","Barron, James, 1769-1851","Barron, Samuel, 1808-1888","Barron, Samuel, Lt., 1836-1892","Decatur, Stephen, 1779-1820","Eaton, William, 1764-1811","Hope, James Barron, 1829-1887","Lear, Tobias, 1762-1816","Mallory, Stephen R. (Stephen Russell), 1813-1873","Preble, Edward, 1761-1807","Rodgers, John, 1773-1838","Semmes, Raphael, 1829-1887","Smith, Robert, 1757-1842","Truxton, Thomas, 1755-1822","Vance, Zebulon Baird, 1830-1894"],"creator_ssim":["Barron, Samuel, Capt., 1765-1810","Barron, James, 1769-1851","Barron, Samuel, 1808-1888","Barron, Samuel, Lt., 1836-1892","Decatur, Stephen, 1779-1820","Eaton, William, 1764-1811","Hope, James Barron, 1829-1887","Lear, Tobias, 1762-1816","Mallory, Stephen R. (Stephen Russell), 1813-1873","Preble, Edward, 1761-1807","Rodgers, John, 1773-1838","Semmes, Raphael, 1829-1887","Smith, Robert, 1757-1842","Truxton, Thomas, 1755-1822","Vance, Zebulon Baird, 1830-1894"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Barron, Samuel, Capt., 1765-1810","Barron, James, 1769-1851","Barron, Samuel, 1808-1888","Barron, Samuel, Lt., 1836-1892","Decatur, Stephen, 1779-1820","Eaton, William, 1764-1811","Hope, James Barron, 1829-1887","Lear, Tobias, 1762-1816","Mallory, Stephen R. (Stephen Russell), 1813-1873","Preble, Edward, 1761-1807","Rodgers, John, 1773-1838","Semmes, Raphael, 1829-1887","Smith, Robert, 1757-1842","Truxton, Thomas, 1755-1822","Vance, Zebulon Baird, 1830-1894"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Alabama (Cruiser)"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Barron family"],"creators_ssim":["Barron, Samuel, Capt., 1765-1810","Barron, James, 1769-1851","Barron, Samuel, 1808-1888","Barron, Samuel, Lt., 1836-1892","Decatur, Stephen, 1779-1820","Eaton, William, 1764-1811","Hope, James Barron, 1829-1887","Lear, Tobias, 1762-1816","Mallory, Stephen R. (Stephen Russell), 1813-1873","Preble, Edward, 1761-1807","Rodgers, John, 1773-1838","Semmes, Raphael, 1829-1887","Smith, Robert, 1757-1842","Truxton, Thomas, 1755-1822","Vance, Zebulon Baird, 1830-1894","Special Collections Research Center","Alabama (Cruiser)","Barron family"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Confederate States of America. Navy","Constitution (Frigate)","United States. Navy--History--19th century","United States. Navy--History--Tripolitan War, 1801-1805","Correspondence","Financial records"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Confederate States of America. Navy","Constitution (Frigate)","United States. Navy--History--19th century","United States. 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Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into 4 Series. Series 1-3 contain materials related to three generations of naval officera in the Barron family. Respectively, they are Samuel Barron (1765-1810), Samuel Barron (1809-1888), and Samuel Barron (1836-1891). Series 4 contains reference materials relating to the Barron family.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into 4 Series. Series 1-3 contain materials related to three generations of naval officera in the Barron family. Respectively, they are Samuel Barron (1765-1810), Samuel Barron (1809-1888), and Samuel Barron (1836-1891). Series 4 contains reference materials relating to the Barron family."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere were three generations of naval officers named Samuel Barron. Samuel Barron (1765-1810) served in Virginia State Navy, then became a captain in U. S. Navy when it was formed. He was commander-in-chief of a Mediterranean Squadron in the War with Tripoli. Samuel Barron (1808-1888) served as captain in U. S. Navy and as a flag officer of Confederate States Navy in command of the European Theater. Samuel Barron (1836-1892) was a lieutenant in the merchant marine before the Civil War and served as a clerk to his father during the Civil War. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSamuel Barron (1765-1810) was an officer in the United States Navy who served during the American Revolution, Quasi-War with France, and the First Barbary War. Barron studied at the College of William \u0026amp; Mary before serving in the Virginia State Navy during the American Revolution. Following the Revolution, he was a merchant captain before joining the United States Navy. He served in the Navy during the Quasi-War with France and the First Barbary War, attaining the rank of Commodore before returning to the United States due to poor health in 1805. After his return, he commanded the Gosport Shipyard in Virginia, but he never fully recovered his health and died in 1810. Barron's younger brother, James Barron, also attained the rank of Commodore. He was involved in the Chesapeake-Leopard Affair in 1807, which resulted in his court marshal for neglect of duty. He was also a participant in the duel which resulted in the death of Commodore Stephen Decatur in 1820.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSamuel Barron's son, Samuel Barron (1809-1888), was ordered to duty at the Gosport Shipyard at the age of six, making him the youngest person ever commissioned to active duty in the U.S. Navy. Barron sailed for the first time at age ten. He sailed in the Mediterranean, West Indies, West coast of Africa, and both coasts of South America. He also served during the Mexican-American War. Barron was made a lieutenant at age 18, and was promoted to captain in 1855. In 1861, Barron resigned his commission to join the Confederacy during the Civil War. He was tasked with building a navy, and helped procured ships and arms. In August 1861, he was captured by Union forces during an attack on Fort Hatteras. Barron was a prisoner until 1862, when he was exchanged. In 1863, Barron was made a commodore and sent to Europe as the senior Confederate Naval officer there. Following the war, he returned to Virginia and took up farming until his death in 1888.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHis son, Samuel Barron (1836-1891), was also a Naval officer. He served as a liuetenant during the Civil War, and achieved the rank of captain by the end of his career.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["There were three generations of naval officers named Samuel Barron. Samuel Barron (1765-1810) served in Virginia State Navy, then became a captain in U. S. Navy when it was formed. He was commander-in-chief of a Mediterranean Squadron in the War with Tripoli. Samuel Barron (1808-1888) served as captain in U. S. Navy and as a flag officer of Confederate States Navy in command of the European Theater. Samuel Barron (1836-1892) was a lieutenant in the merchant marine before the Civil War and served as a clerk to his father during the Civil War.","Samuel Barron (1765-1810) was an officer in the United States Navy who served during the American Revolution, Quasi-War with France, and the First Barbary War. Barron studied at the College of William \u0026 Mary before serving in the Virginia State Navy during the American Revolution. Following the Revolution, he was a merchant captain before joining the United States Navy. He served in the Navy during the Quasi-War with France and the First Barbary War, attaining the rank of Commodore before returning to the United States due to poor health in 1805. After his return, he commanded the Gosport Shipyard in Virginia, but he never fully recovered his health and died in 1810. Barron's younger brother, James Barron, also attained the rank of Commodore. He was involved in the Chesapeake-Leopard Affair in 1807, which resulted in his court marshal for neglect of duty. He was also a participant in the duel which resulted in the death of Commodore Stephen Decatur in 1820.","Samuel Barron's son, Samuel Barron (1809-1888), was ordered to duty at the Gosport Shipyard at the age of six, making him the youngest person ever commissioned to active duty in the U.S. Navy. Barron sailed for the first time at age ten. He sailed in the Mediterranean, West Indies, West coast of Africa, and both coasts of South America. He also served during the Mexican-American War. Barron was made a lieutenant at age 18, and was promoted to captain in 1855. In 1861, Barron resigned his commission to join the Confederacy during the Civil War. He was tasked with building a navy, and helped procured ships and arms. In August 1861, he was captured by Union forces during an attack on Fort Hatteras. Barron was a prisoner until 1862, when he was exchanged. In 1863, Barron was made a commodore and sent to Europe as the senior Confederate Naval officer there. Following the war, he returned to Virginia and took up farming until his death in 1888.","His son, Samuel Barron (1836-1891), was also a Naval officer. He served as a liuetenant during the Civil War, and achieved the rank of captain by the end of his career."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBarron Family Papers. Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Barron Family Papers. Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSamuel Barron Papers (II), Samuel Barron Papers (III), James Barron Papers (Mss. 65 B27), and James Barron Hope Papers (Mss. 65 H77), Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials:"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Samuel Barron Papers (II), Samuel Barron Papers (III), James Barron Papers (Mss. 65 B27), and James Barron Hope Papers (Mss. 65 H77), Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers and correspondence of three generations of Samuel Barrons, all of whom were involved in naval affairs. Papers, 1793-1809, of Samuel Barron (1765-1810), commander of one of the Mediterranean squadrons sent to defeat Tripoli. Papers concern naval business and the War with Tripoli. Includes correspondence with his brother James Barron, Stephen Decatur, William Eaton (concerning his controversy with Tobias Lear over the Tripolitan peace settlement), Tobias Lear, Edward Preble, John Rodgers, Robert Smith (Secretary of the Navy), and Thomas Truxton. Includes letters written by Preble and Rodgers on board the USS Constitution and letters concerning the capture of William Bainbridge and the seamen of the USS Philadelphia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCollections includes manuscript volume, 1834-1847, of sea service of Samuel Barron (1808-1888) aboard ships in Carribbean and Mediterranean seas and includes a copy made by Samuel Barron (1836-1892) of an account by James Barron of his duel with Decatur. The volume also has genealogical material concerning the Barron family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePapers of Samuel Barron (1808-1888) concern his service off South America and as an officer of Confederate States Navy in command of the European theater. Correspondents include Zebulon Baird Vance, Stephen R. Mallory and Raphael Semmes (giving an account of the engagement between the USS Kearsage and the CSS Alabama). There is a memoir by James Barron Hope in vindication of the censure of Samuel Barron for the loss of Fort Hatteras, N.C., and there are some papers relating to the service of Samuel Barron (1836-1892) as acting master and lieutenant in the Confederate States Navy.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers and correspondence of three generations of Samuel Barrons, all of whom were involved in naval affairs. Papers, 1793-1809, of Samuel Barron (1765-1810), commander of one of the Mediterranean squadrons sent to defeat Tripoli. Papers concern naval business and the War with Tripoli. Includes correspondence with his brother James Barron, Stephen Decatur, William Eaton (concerning his controversy with Tobias Lear over the Tripolitan peace settlement), Tobias Lear, Edward Preble, John Rodgers, Robert Smith (Secretary of the Navy), and Thomas Truxton. Includes letters written by Preble and Rodgers on board the USS Constitution and letters concerning the capture of William Bainbridge and the seamen of the USS Philadelphia.","Collections includes manuscript volume, 1834-1847, of sea service of Samuel Barron (1808-1888) aboard ships in Carribbean and Mediterranean seas and includes a copy made by Samuel Barron (1836-1892) of an account by James Barron of his duel with Decatur. The volume also has genealogical material concerning the Barron family.","Papers of Samuel Barron (1808-1888) concern his service off South America and as an officer of Confederate States Navy in command of the European theater. Correspondents include Zebulon Baird Vance, Stephen R. Mallory and Raphael Semmes (giving an account of the engagement between the USS Kearsage and the CSS Alabama). There is a memoir by James Barron Hope in vindication of the censure of Samuel Barron for the loss of Fort Hatteras, N.C., and there are some papers relating to the service of Samuel Barron (1836-1892) as acting master and lieutenant in the Confederate States Navy."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Alabama (Cruiser)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Alabama (Cruiser)","Barron family"],"famname_ssim":["Barron family"],"persname_ssim":["Barron, Samuel, Capt., 1765-1810","Barron, James, 1769-1851","Barron, Samuel, 1808-1888","Barron, Samuel, Lt., 1836-1892","Decatur, Stephen, 1779-1820","Eaton, William, 1764-1811","Hope, James Barron, 1829-1887","Lear, Tobias, 1762-1816","Mallory, Stephen R. (Stephen Russell), 1813-1873","Preble, Edward, 1761-1807","Rodgers, John, 1773-1838","Semmes, Raphael, 1829-1887","Smith, Robert, 1757-1842","Truxton, Thomas, 1755-1822","Vance, Zebulon Baird, 1830-1894"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Alabama (Cruiser)","Barron family","Barron, Samuel, Capt., 1765-1810","Barron, James, 1769-1851","Barron, Samuel, 1808-1888","Barron, Samuel, Lt., 1836-1892","Decatur, Stephen, 1779-1820","Eaton, William, 1764-1811","Hope, James Barron, 1829-1887","Lear, Tobias, 1762-1816","Mallory, Stephen R. (Stephen Russell), 1813-1873","Preble, Edward, 1761-1807","Rodgers, John, 1773-1838","Semmes, Raphael, 1829-1887","Smith, Robert, 1757-1842","Truxton, Thomas, 1755-1822","Vance, Zebulon Baird, 1830-1894"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":60,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:03:58.803Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8471_c02"}},{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_94_c04","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Scrapbook, 1769/1871","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_94_c04#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eEzekiel family scrapbook possibly compiled by H. C. Ezekiel. The scrapbook contains documents, most pertaining to various members of the Ezekiel family. Many documents are from the Civil War era, 1863-1865.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_94_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_94_c04","ref_ssm":["vilxv_repositories_3_resources_94_c04"],"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_94_c04","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_94","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_94","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_94","parent_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_94","parent_ssim":["Moses J. Ezekiel papers, 1867/1917"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vilxv_repositories_3_resources_94"],"title_filing_ssi":"Scrapbook","title_ssm":["Scrapbook"],"title_tesim":["Scrapbook"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Scrapbook, 1769/1871"],"text":["Scrapbook, 1769/1871","Moses J. Ezekiel papers, 1867/1917","Scrapbooks","English","Ezekiel family scrapbook possibly compiled by H. C. Ezekiel. The scrapbook contains documents, most pertaining to various members of the Ezekiel family. Many documents are from the Civil War era, 1863-1865."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Moses J. Ezekiel papers, 1867/1917"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Moses J. Ezekiel papers, 1867/1917"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1769/1871"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1769-1871"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":72,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Moses J. Ezekiel papers, 1867/1917"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no restrictions"],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Scrapbooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Scrapbooks"],"language_ssim":["English"],"date_range_isim":[1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEzekiel family scrapbook possibly compiled by H. C. Ezekiel. The scrapbook contains documents, most pertaining to various members of the Ezekiel family. Many documents are from the Civil War era, 1863-1865.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Ezekiel family scrapbook possibly compiled by H. C. Ezekiel. The scrapbook contains documents, most pertaining to various members of the Ezekiel family. Many documents are from the Civil War era, 1863-1865."],"_nest_path_":"/components#3","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:37:30.860Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_94","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_94","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_94","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_94","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_94.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vmi/vilxv00043.xml","title_ssm":["Moses J. Ezekiel papers"],"title_tesim":["Moses J. Ezekiel papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1867-1917"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1867-1917"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1867/1917"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Moses J. Ezekiel papers, 1867/1917"],"text":["Moses J. Ezekiel papers, 1867/1917","MS.0010","/repositories/3/resources/94","Sculptors—Virginia","Sculptors—Rome (Italy)","New Market Cadets","Virginia Military Institute—Buildings, structures, etc.","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1866","Artists","Drawings (visual works)","There are no restrictions","Moses Jacob Ezekiel, the noted 19th century American Jewish sculptor, was born in Richmond, Virginia on October 28, 1844. One of 14 children of Jacob Ezekiel and Catherine de Castro, he had already started a mercantile career when he decided to attend college. Ezekiel entered VMI in September 1862, and during his VMI cadetship, took part in the Battle of New Market (May 15, 1864) and served in the trenches in defense of Richmond in the Spring of 1865.","Ezekiel graduated from VMI in 1866, and in 1867 began seriously to pursue his interest in art. He studied anatomy at the Medical College of Virginia and traveled to Cincinnati, Ohio where he studied at the Art School of J. Insco Williams and in the studio of T.D. Jones. In 1867 he sailed for Europe and entered the Royal Academy of Art in Berlin, Germany.","At the age of 29, Ezekiel won the prestigious Michel-Beer Prix de Rome for a bas relief entitled Israel. The prize money enabled him to travel to Rome, Italy where he established a studio and lived for the remainder of his life. Ezekiel executed nearly two hundred monuments in bronze and marble. Among his productions were the following:\n\nBusts of Lizst, Cardinal Hohenlohe, Eve, Homer, David, Judith, and Christ in the Tomb\nA statue of Mrs. Andrew W. White for Cornell University\nMadonna for the Church La Tivoli\nFaith for the Cemetery of Rome\nApollo and Mercury in Berlin\nRobert E. Lee\nStonewall Jackson\nPan and Amor\nThe Fountain of Neptune for the city of Netturno, Italy\nA bust of Lord Sherbrooke for St. Margaret, Westminister, London\nThe Jefferson Monument for Louisville, Kentucky\nThe Homer Group for the University of Virginia\nVirginia Mourning Her Dead for VMI\nNapoleon I at St. Helena\nA monument to Senator Daniel, Lynchburg, Virginia\nThe Confederate Soldiers' Memorial at Arlington National Cemetery, Virginia\nScores of other busts and reliefs\n\nEzekiel died in Italy on March 27, 1917, but because of World War I, his body was not returned to the United States until 1921. He is buried at the foot of the Confederate Memorial in Section 16 of Arlington National Cemetery, Virginia).","The Moses J. Ezekiel papers consist of the papers of noted 19th century sculptor Moses J. Ezekiel, including:\n\nCorrespondence to VMI superintendent Edward W. Nichols and others (dated 1867-1917), some relating to the design of the Battle of New Market memorial sculpture Virginia Mourning Her Dead\nPen and ink sketches by Ezekiel (approximately 67 items)\nA typescript version of Ezekiel's autobiography\nMemoirs from the Baths of Diocletian\nPrint material","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Ezekiel, Moses J. (Moses Jacob), 1844-1917","Nichols, E. W. (Edward West), 1858-1927","Jefferson, Thomas G. (Thomas Garland), 1847-1864","Anderson, Joseph R., Jr. (Joseph Reid), 1851-1930","Drexel, Anthony Joseph, 1826-1893","Werner, Anton von, 1843-1915","Hotchkiss, Benjamin B., 1826-1885","Christ, Jesus, circa 6-4 B.C.E.-circa 30 C.E.","Lara, Contessa, 1849-1896","Lewald, Fanny, 1811-1889","Encke, Fedor, 1851-1936","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Lee, George Washington Custis, 1832-1913","Ezekiel, Jacob, 1812-1899","Montez, Lola, 1818-1861","Helbig, Nadine, 1847-1915","Lee, Mary Custis, 1835-1918","White, Mary Outwater, 1836-1887","de Bosis, Adolfo, 1863-1924","Tunstall, Nannie Whitmell","Bismarck, Otto von, 1815-1898","Lee, Robert E. (Robert Edward), 1807-1870","Hausmann, Robert, 1852-1909","Shipp, Scott, 1839-1917","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Moses J. Ezekiel papers, 1867/1917"],"collection_ssim":["Moses J. Ezekiel papers, 1867/1917"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.0010","/repositories/3/resources/94"],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0010","/repositories/3/resources/94"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Ezekiel, Moses J. (Moses Jacob), 1844-1917","Nichols, E. W. (Edward West), 1858-1927"],"creator_ssim":["Ezekiel, Moses J. (Moses Jacob), 1844-1917","Nichols, E. W. (Edward West), 1858-1927"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Ezekiel, Moses J. (Moses Jacob), 1844-1917","Nichols, E. W. (Edward West), 1858-1927","Jefferson, Thomas G. (Thomas Garland), 1847-1864","Anderson, Joseph R., Jr. (Joseph Reid), 1851-1930","Drexel, Anthony Joseph, 1826-1893","Werner, Anton von, 1843-1915","Hotchkiss, Benjamin B., 1826-1885","Christ, Jesus, circa 6-4 B.C.E.-circa 30 C.E.","Lara, Contessa, 1849-1896","Lewald, Fanny, 1811-1889","Encke, Fedor, 1851-1936","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Lee, George Washington Custis, 1832-1913","Ezekiel, Jacob, 1812-1899","Montez, Lola, 1818-1861","Helbig, Nadine, 1847-1915","Lee, Mary Custis, 1835-1918","White, Mary Outwater, 1836-1887","de Bosis, Adolfo, 1863-1924","Tunstall, Nannie Whitmell","Bismarck, Otto von, 1815-1898","Lee, Robert E. (Robert Edward), 1807-1870","Hausmann, Robert, 1852-1909","Shipp, Scott, 1839-1917","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creators_ssim":["Ezekiel, Moses J. (Moses Jacob), 1844-1917","Nichols, E. W. (Edward West), 1858-1927","Jefferson, Thomas G. (Thomas Garland), 1847-1864","Anderson, Joseph R., Jr. (Joseph Reid), 1851-1930","Drexel, Anthony Joseph, 1826-1893","Werner, Anton von, 1843-1915","Hotchkiss, Benjamin B., 1826-1885","Christ, Jesus, circa 6-4 B.C.E.-circa 30 C.E.","Lara, Contessa, 1849-1896","Lewald, Fanny, 1811-1889","Encke, Fedor, 1851-1936","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Lee, George Washington Custis, 1832-1913","Ezekiel, Jacob, 1812-1899","Montez, Lola, 1818-1861","Helbig, Nadine, 1847-1915","Lee, Mary Custis, 1835-1918","White, Mary Outwater, 1836-1887","de Bosis, Adolfo, 1863-1924","Tunstall, Nannie Whitmell","Bismarck, Otto von, 1815-1898","Lee, Robert E. (Robert Edward), 1807-1870","Hausmann, Robert, 1852-1909","Shipp, Scott, 1839-1917","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Sculptors—Virginia","Sculptors—Rome (Italy)","New Market Cadets","Virginia Military Institute—Buildings, structures, etc.","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1866","Artists","Drawings (visual works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Sculptors—Virginia","Sculptors—Rome (Italy)","New Market Cadets","Virginia Military Institute—Buildings, structures, etc.","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1866","Artists","Drawings (visual works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 cubic feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["1 cubic feet 2 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Drawings (visual works)"],"date_range_isim":[1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMoses Jacob Ezekiel, the noted 19th century American Jewish sculptor, was born in Richmond, Virginia on October 28, 1844. One of 14 children of Jacob Ezekiel and Catherine de Castro, he had already started a mercantile career when he decided to attend college. Ezekiel entered VMI in September 1862, and during his VMI cadetship, took part in the Battle of New Market (May 15, 1864) and served in the trenches in defense of Richmond in the Spring of 1865.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEzekiel graduated from VMI in 1866, and in 1867 began seriously to pursue his interest in art. He studied anatomy at the Medical College of Virginia and traveled to Cincinnati, Ohio where he studied at the Art School of J. Insco Williams and in the studio of T.D. Jones. In 1867 he sailed for Europe and entered the Royal Academy of Art in Berlin, Germany.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt the age of 29, Ezekiel won the prestigious Michel-Beer Prix de Rome for a bas relief entitled Israel. The prize money enabled him to travel to Rome, Italy where he established a studio and lived for the remainder of his life. Ezekiel executed nearly two hundred monuments in bronze and marble. Among his productions were the following:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBusts of Lizst, Cardinal Hohenlohe, Eve, Homer, David, Judith, and Christ in the Tomb\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA statue of Mrs. Andrew W. White for Cornell University\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMadonna for the Church La Tivoli\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFaith for the Cemetery of Rome\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eApollo and Mercury in Berlin\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRobert E. Lee\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStonewall Jackson\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePan and Amor\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Fountain of Neptune for the city of Netturno, Italy\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA bust of Lord Sherbrooke for St. Margaret, Westminister, London\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Jefferson Monument for Louisville, Kentucky\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Homer Group for the University of Virginia\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVirginia Mourning Her Dead for VMI\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNapoleon I at St. Helena\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA monument to Senator Daniel, Lynchburg, Virginia\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Confederate Soldiers' Memorial at Arlington National Cemetery, Virginia\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eScores of other busts and reliefs\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\nEzekiel died in Italy on March 27, 1917, but because of World War I, his body was not returned to the United States until 1921. He is buried at the foot of the Confederate Memorial in Section 16 of Arlington National Cemetery, Virginia).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Moses Jacob Ezekiel, the noted 19th century American Jewish sculptor, was born in Richmond, Virginia on October 28, 1844. One of 14 children of Jacob Ezekiel and Catherine de Castro, he had already started a mercantile career when he decided to attend college. Ezekiel entered VMI in September 1862, and during his VMI cadetship, took part in the Battle of New Market (May 15, 1864) and served in the trenches in defense of Richmond in the Spring of 1865.","Ezekiel graduated from VMI in 1866, and in 1867 began seriously to pursue his interest in art. He studied anatomy at the Medical College of Virginia and traveled to Cincinnati, Ohio where he studied at the Art School of J. Insco Williams and in the studio of T.D. Jones. In 1867 he sailed for Europe and entered the Royal Academy of Art in Berlin, Germany.","At the age of 29, Ezekiel won the prestigious Michel-Beer Prix de Rome for a bas relief entitled Israel. The prize money enabled him to travel to Rome, Italy where he established a studio and lived for the remainder of his life. Ezekiel executed nearly two hundred monuments in bronze and marble. Among his productions were the following:\n\nBusts of Lizst, Cardinal Hohenlohe, Eve, Homer, David, Judith, and Christ in the Tomb\nA statue of Mrs. Andrew W. White for Cornell University\nMadonna for the Church La Tivoli\nFaith for the Cemetery of Rome\nApollo and Mercury in Berlin\nRobert E. Lee\nStonewall Jackson\nPan and Amor\nThe Fountain of Neptune for the city of Netturno, Italy\nA bust of Lord Sherbrooke for St. Margaret, Westminister, London\nThe Jefferson Monument for Louisville, Kentucky\nThe Homer Group for the University of Virginia\nVirginia Mourning Her Dead for VMI\nNapoleon I at St. Helena\nA monument to Senator Daniel, Lynchburg, Virginia\nThe Confederate Soldiers' Memorial at Arlington National Cemetery, Virginia\nScores of other busts and reliefs\n\nEzekiel died in Italy on March 27, 1917, but because of World War I, his body was not returned to the United States until 1921. He is buried at the foot of the Confederate Memorial in Section 16 of Arlington National Cemetery, Virginia)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMoses J. Ezekiel papers, 1867-1917. MS 0010. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Moses J. Ezekiel papers, 1867-1917. MS 0010. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Moses J. Ezekiel papers consist of the papers of noted 19th century sculptor Moses J. Ezekiel, including:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCorrespondence to VMI superintendent Edward W. Nichols and others (dated 1867-1917), some relating to the design of the Battle of New Market memorial sculpture Virginia Mourning Her Dead\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePen and ink sketches by Ezekiel (approximately 67 items)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA typescript version of Ezekiel's autobiography\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMemoirs from the Baths of Diocletian\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrint material\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Moses J. Ezekiel papers consist of the papers of noted 19th century sculptor Moses J. Ezekiel, including:\n\nCorrespondence to VMI superintendent Edward W. Nichols and others (dated 1867-1917), some relating to the design of the Battle of New Market memorial sculpture Virginia Mourning Her Dead\nPen and ink sketches by Ezekiel (approximately 67 items)\nA typescript version of Ezekiel's autobiography\nMemoirs from the Baths of Diocletian\nPrint material"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_94afa6f1fee03d75868e399d1499d701\"\u003eManuscripts stacks\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Ezekiel, Moses J. (Moses Jacob), 1844-1917","Nichols, E. W. (Edward West), 1858-1927","Jefferson, Thomas G. (Thomas Garland), 1847-1864","Anderson, Joseph R., Jr. (Joseph Reid), 1851-1930","Drexel, Anthony Joseph, 1826-1893","Werner, Anton von, 1843-1915","Hotchkiss, Benjamin B., 1826-1885","Christ, Jesus, circa 6-4 B.C.E.-circa 30 C.E.","Lara, Contessa, 1849-1896","Lewald, Fanny, 1811-1889","Encke, Fedor, 1851-1936","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Lee, George Washington Custis, 1832-1913","Ezekiel, Jacob, 1812-1899","Montez, Lola, 1818-1861","Helbig, Nadine, 1847-1915","Lee, Mary Custis, 1835-1918","White, Mary Outwater, 1836-1887","de Bosis, Adolfo, 1863-1924","Tunstall, Nannie Whitmell","Bismarck, Otto von, 1815-1898","Lee, Robert E. (Robert Edward), 1807-1870","Hausmann, Robert, 1852-1909","Shipp, Scott, 1839-1917","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Ezekiel, Moses J. (Moses Jacob), 1844-1917","Nichols, E. W. (Edward West), 1858-1927","Jefferson, Thomas G. (Thomas Garland), 1847-1864","Anderson, Joseph R., Jr. (Joseph Reid), 1851-1930","Drexel, Anthony Joseph, 1826-1893","Werner, Anton von, 1843-1915","Hotchkiss, Benjamin B., 1826-1885","Christ, Jesus, circa 6-4 B.C.E.-circa 30 C.E.","Lara, Contessa, 1849-1896","Lewald, Fanny, 1811-1889","Encke, Fedor, 1851-1936","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Lee, George Washington Custis, 1832-1913","Ezekiel, Jacob, 1812-1899","Montez, Lola, 1818-1861","Helbig, Nadine, 1847-1915","Lee, Mary Custis, 1835-1918","White, Mary Outwater, 1836-1887","de Bosis, Adolfo, 1863-1924","Tunstall, Nannie Whitmell","Bismarck, Otto von, 1815-1898","Lee, Robert E. (Robert Edward), 1807-1870","Hausmann, Robert, 1852-1909","Shipp, Scott, 1839-1917","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":73,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:37:30.860Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_94_c04"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_398_c03","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Secular Documents, 1790/1910","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_398_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_398_c03","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_398_c03"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_398_c03","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_398","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_398","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_398","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_398","parent_ssim":["Henkel Family Papers, 1783/1910"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_398"],"title_filing_ssi":"Secular Documents","title_ssm":["Secular Documents"],"title_tesim":["Secular Documents"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Secular Documents, 1790/1910"],"text":["Secular Documents, 1790/1910","Henkel Family Papers, 1783/1910"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Henkel Family Papers, 1783/1910"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Henkel Family Papers, 1783/1910"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1790/1910"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1790-1910"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":16,"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Henkel Family Papers, 1783/1910"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":9,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"date_range_isim":[1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910],"_nest_path_":"/components#2","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:59.804Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_398","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_398","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_398","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_398","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_398.xml","title_ssm":["Henkel Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Henkel Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1783-1916"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1783-1916"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1783/1910"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Henkel Family Papers, 1783/1910"],"text":["Henkel Family Papers, 1783/1910","SC 0099","/repositories/4/resources/398","Virginia -- History","New Market (Va.) -- History","New Market (Va.) -- Genealogy","New Market (Va.) -- Imprints","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History, Local","Virginia -- Church history -- 19th century","Clergy -- Virginia","Printers -- Virginia","Printers -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Printing -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","German imprints -- Virginia -- New Market","Religious literature -- Publication and distribution -- Virginia","Religious literature, German -- Publication and distribution -- Virginia","Lutheran Church -- Virginia","Family papers","Genealogies (histories)","Advertisements","Newspapers","Publications (documents)","Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Excerpts of this collection have been digitized and are made available upon request.","Poem about slavery, written by a slave - Unknown Author, undated (English)\n      Report of the Transactions of the Second Evangelical Lutheran Conference held in Zion's Church, Sulivan County Tennessee, October 22, 1821 (English)\n      Henkel manuscript: Woodstock Virginia, January 26, 1829 (English)\n      Henkel Press Song Book, undated (German)\n      Minutes of the Proceedings of the Evangelical Lutheran Synod of the State of Virginia, 1833 (English)\n      Short Excerpt of the Transactions of the Synod of the Lutheran Ministry, held in the state of North Carolina in the year of our Lord, 1817 (German)","Partial organization by a previous researcher was maintained. The collection is arranged in five series:","Correspondence, 1806-1892\n      Religious Documents, 1783-1897\n      Secular Documents, 1790-1910\n      Family History\n      Henkel Press Publications, 1806-1891","Edmonds, Albert Sydney. \"The Henkels, Early Printers in New Market, Virginia,\" William and Mary Quarterly, 2nd series, v. 18, 1938.","Scheer, George F. \"First Printing Press in the Valley of Virginia,\" Publishers' Weekly. Vol. 150, November 23, 1946.","Finck, Rev. William J. A Chronological Life of Paul Henkel. New Market, 1937. Photocopy of original typescript made by Richard R. Renalds, Timberville, VA., 1986.","The Henkel Press began as a crude printing press in the living room of Paul Henkel's house in New Market, Virginia, in 1806. Eventually, it published more Lutheran material than any other press in the country, and earned fame for its excellent children's books. Although the press began printing in German for the large Shenandoah Valley German community, it also published in English at an early date.","A schoolbook on mathematics was withdrawn by the Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society on May 16, 2000. In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 2065.","The Henkel Collection consists of two Hollinger boxes and one flat box, and spans a period from 1783 to 1916. The bulk of the collection consists of letters, religious documents, and newspapers and advertisements published by the Henkel Press. Also included are some Henkel family history materials and business documents, and miscellaneous secular materials.","Many of the older letters in the Letters Series are in German while later ones are primarily in English. They demonstrate the dedication of the Henkel family to their faith as well as their activities within the Synod.","Also in the collection (Secular Documents Series) are several handwritten school books, some with fraktur.","The Henkel Press Publications Series (including the Oversize Series) contains a large part of the collection, and includes handwritten drafts for advertisements to be printed, pamphlets, issues of Virginische Volksberichterand Westliche Correspondenz, and a formula for the ink used in printing.","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Henkel Family Papers consists of two Hollinger boxes and one oversize box, and spans a period from 1783 to 1916. The bulk of the collection consists of letters, religious documents, and newspapers and advertisements published by the Henkel Press of New Market, Virginia. Also included are some Henkel family history materials and business documents, and miscellaneous secular materials.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society","Henkel family","Henkel family -- Correspondence","Henkel, Ambrose, 1786-1870 -- Correspondence","Henkel, Paul, 1754-1825 -- Correspondence","Henkel, Socrates, Rev., 1823-1901 -- Correspondence","Salyards, Joseph, 1808-1885 -- Correspondence","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Henkel Family Papers, 1783/1910"],"collection_ssim":["Henkel Family Papers, 1783/1910"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0099","/repositories/4/resources/398"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0099","/repositories/4/resources/398"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia -- History","New Market (Va.) -- History","New Market (Va.) -- Genealogy","New Market (Va.) -- Imprints","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History, Local","Virginia -- Church history -- 19th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia -- History","New Market (Va.) -- History","New Market (Va.) -- Genealogy","New Market (Va.) -- Imprints","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History, Local","Virginia -- Church history -- 19th century"],"places_ssim":["Virginia -- History","New Market (Va.) -- History","New Market (Va.) -- Genealogy","New Market (Va.) -- Imprints","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","Virginia -- History, Local","Virginia -- Church history -- 19th century"],"creator_ssm":["Henkel family","Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society"],"creator_ssim":["Henkel family","Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Henkel, Ambrose, 1786-1870 -- Correspondence","Henkel, Paul, 1754-1825 -- Correspondence","Henkel, Socrates, Rev., 1823-1901 -- Correspondence","Salyards, Joseph, 1808-1885 -- Correspondence"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Henkel family","Henkel family -- Correspondence"],"creators_ssim":["Henkel, Ambrose, 1786-1870 -- Correspondence","Henkel, Paul, 1754-1825 -- Correspondence","Henkel, Socrates, Rev., 1823-1901 -- Correspondence","Salyards, Joseph, 1808-1885 -- Correspondence","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society","Henkel family","Henkel family -- Correspondence"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Placed on deposit at Carrier Library through the November 1985 contract with the Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Clergy -- Virginia","Printers -- Virginia","Printers -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Printing -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","German imprints -- Virginia -- New Market","Religious literature -- Publication and distribution -- Virginia","Religious literature, German -- Publication and distribution -- Virginia","Lutheran Church -- Virginia","Family papers","Genealogies (histories)","Advertisements","Newspapers","Publications (documents)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Clergy -- Virginia","Printers -- Virginia","Printers -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","Printing -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History","German imprints -- Virginia -- New Market","Religious literature -- Publication and distribution -- Virginia","Religious literature, German -- Publication and distribution -- Virginia","Lutheran Church -- Virginia","Family papers","Genealogies (histories)","Advertisements","Newspapers","Publications (documents)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.44  cubic feet 3 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.44  cubic feet 3 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Family papers","Genealogies (histories)","Advertisements","Newspapers","Publications (documents)"],"date_range_isim":[1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eExcerpts of this collection have been digitized and are made available upon request.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist numeration=\"upperalpha\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePoem about slavery, written by a slave - Unknown Author, undated (English)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eReport of the Transactions of the Second Evangelical Lutheran Conference held in Zion's Church, Sulivan County Tennessee, October 22, 1821 (English)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eHenkel manuscript: Woodstock Virginia, January 26, 1829 (English)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eHenkel Press Song Book, undated (German)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eMinutes of the Proceedings of the Evangelical Lutheran Synod of the State of Virginia, 1833 (English)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eShort Excerpt of the Transactions of the Synod of the Lutheran Ministry, held in the state of North Carolina in the year of our Lord, 1817 (German)\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternate Formats"],"altformavail_tesim":["Excerpts of this collection have been digitized and are made available upon request.","Poem about slavery, written by a slave - Unknown Author, undated (English)\n      Report of the Transactions of the Second Evangelical Lutheran Conference held in Zion's Church, Sulivan County Tennessee, October 22, 1821 (English)\n      Henkel manuscript: Woodstock Virginia, January 26, 1829 (English)\n      Henkel Press Song Book, undated (German)\n      Minutes of the Proceedings of the Evangelical Lutheran Synod of the State of Virginia, 1833 (English)\n      Short Excerpt of the Transactions of the Synod of the Lutheran Ministry, held in the state of North Carolina in the year of our Lord, 1817 (German)"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePartial organization by a previous researcher was maintained. The collection is arranged in five series:\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eCorrespondence, 1806-1892\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eReligious Documents, 1783-1897\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSecular Documents, 1790-1910\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eFamily History\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eHenkel Press Publications, 1806-1891\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Partial organization by a previous researcher was maintained. The collection is arranged in five series:","Correspondence, 1806-1892\n      Religious Documents, 1783-1897\n      Secular Documents, 1790-1910\n      Family History\n      Henkel Press Publications, 1806-1891"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eEdmonds, Albert Sydney. \"The Henkels, Early Printers in New Market, Virginia,\" William and Mary Quarterly, 2nd series, v. 18, 1938.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eScheer, George F. \"First Printing Press in the Valley of Virginia,\" Publishers' Weekly. Vol. 150, November 23, 1946.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eFinck, Rev. William J. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eA Chronological Life of Paul Henkel\u003c/emph\u003e. New Market, 1937. Photocopy of original typescript made by Richard R. Renalds, Timberville, VA., 1986.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Edmonds, Albert Sydney. \"The Henkels, Early Printers in New Market, Virginia,\" William and Mary Quarterly, 2nd series, v. 18, 1938.","Scheer, George F. \"First Printing Press in the Valley of Virginia,\" Publishers' Weekly. Vol. 150, November 23, 1946.","Finck, Rev. William J. A Chronological Life of Paul Henkel. New Market, 1937. Photocopy of original typescript made by Richard R. Renalds, Timberville, VA., 1986."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Henkel Press began as a crude printing press in the living room of Paul Henkel's house in New Market, Virginia, in 1806. Eventually, it published more Lutheran material than any other press in the country, and earned fame for its excellent children's books. Although the press began printing in German for the large Shenandoah Valley German community, it also published in English at an early date.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Henkel Press began as a crude printing press in the living room of Paul Henkel's house in New Market, Virginia, in 1806. Eventually, it published more Lutheran material than any other press in the country, and earned fame for its excellent children's books. Although the press began printing in German for the large Shenandoah Valley German community, it also published in English at an early date."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Henkel Family Papers, SC 0099, Special Collections, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Henkel Family Papers, SC 0099, Special Collections, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA schoolbook on mathematics was withdrawn by the Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society on May 16, 2000. In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThis collection was previously cataloged as SC 2065.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["A schoolbook on mathematics was withdrawn by the Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society on May 16, 2000. In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 2065."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Henkel Collection consists of two Hollinger boxes and one flat box, and spans a period from 1783 to 1916. The bulk of the collection consists of letters, religious documents, and newspapers and advertisements published by the Henkel Press. Also included are some Henkel family history materials and business documents, and miscellaneous secular materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMany of the older letters in the Letters Series are in German while later ones are primarily in English. They demonstrate the dedication of the Henkel family to their faith as well as their activities within the Synod. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlso in the collection (Secular Documents Series) are several handwritten school books, some with fraktur.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Henkel Press Publications Series (including the Oversize Series) contains a large part of the collection, and includes handwritten drafts for advertisements to be printed, pamphlets, issues of Virginische Volksberichterand Westliche Correspondenz, and a formula for the ink used in printing.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Henkel Collection consists of two Hollinger boxes and one flat box, and spans a period from 1783 to 1916. The bulk of the collection consists of letters, religious documents, and newspapers and advertisements published by the Henkel Press. Also included are some Henkel family history materials and business documents, and miscellaneous secular materials.","Many of the older letters in the Letters Series are in German while later ones are primarily in English. They demonstrate the dedication of the Henkel family to their faith as well as their activities within the Synod.","Also in the collection (Secular Documents Series) are several handwritten school books, some with fraktur.","The Henkel Press Publications Series (including the Oversize Series) contains a large part of the collection, and includes handwritten drafts for advertisements to be printed, pamphlets, issues of Virginische Volksberichterand Westliche Correspondenz, and a formula for the ink used in printing."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_6f189c4d73215aa7b681cb65400f2d90\"\u003eThe Henkel Family Papers consists of two Hollinger boxes and one oversize box, and spans a period from 1783 to 1916. The bulk of the collection consists of letters, religious documents, and newspapers and advertisements published by the Henkel Press of New Market, Virginia. Also included are some Henkel family history materials and business documents, and miscellaneous secular materials.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Henkel Family Papers consists of two Hollinger boxes and one oversize box, and spans a period from 1783 to 1916. The bulk of the collection consists of letters, religious documents, and newspapers and advertisements published by the Henkel Press of New Market, Virginia. Also included are some Henkel family history materials and business documents, and miscellaneous secular materials."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society"],"names_coll_ssim":["Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society","Henkel family -- Correspondence","Henkel, Ambrose, 1786-1870 -- Correspondence","Henkel, Paul, 1754-1825 -- Correspondence","Henkel, Socrates, Rev., 1823-1901 -- Correspondence","Salyards, Joseph, 1808-1885 -- Correspondence"],"famname_ssim":["Henkel family","Henkel family -- Correspondence"],"persname_ssim":["Henkel, Ambrose, 1786-1870 -- Correspondence","Henkel, Paul, 1754-1825 -- Correspondence","Henkel, Socrates, Rev., 1823-1901 -- Correspondence","Salyards, Joseph, 1808-1885 -- Correspondence"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society","Henkel family","Henkel family -- Correspondence","Henkel, Ambrose, 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