{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1777\u0026page=12\u0026view=list","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1777\u0026page=11\u0026view=list","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1777\u0026page=13\u0026view=list","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1777\u0026page=201\u0026view=list"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":12,"next_page":13,"prev_page":11,"total_pages":201,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":110,"total_count":2009,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8863_c01_c34_c02","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Arthur Lee, Challiot, to Benjamin Franklin","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8863_c01_c34_c02#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents In answer to a previous letter, he feels that the only principle that will affect them the British? is fear, and that treating them cavalierly will make them despair of their undertaking. Statement on verso: Copy is in handwriting of Rebecca C. Powell of Alexandria.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8863_c01_c34_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8863_c01_c34_c02","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8863_c01_c34_c02"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8863_c01_c34_c02","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8863","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8863","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8863_c01_c34","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8863_c01_c34","parent_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8863","viw_repositories_2_resources_8863_c01","viw_repositories_2_resources_8863_c01_c34"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8863","viw_repositories_2_resources_8863_c01","viw_repositories_2_resources_8863_c01_c34"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Powell Family papers","Series 1: Papers of the Powell Family.","Copies of Historical Letters"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Powell Family papers","Series 1: Papers of the Powell Family.","Copies of Historical Letters"],"text":["Powell Family papers","Series 1: Papers of the Powell Family.","Copies of Historical Letters","Arthur Lee, Challiot, to Benjamin Franklin","Box 6","Folder 3","Scope and Contents In answer to a previous letter, he feels that the only principle that will affect them the British? is fear, and that treating them cavalierly will make them despair of their undertaking. Statement on verso: Copy is in handwriting of Rebecca C. Powell of Alexandria."],"title_filing_ssi":"Arthur Lee, Challiot, to Benjamin Franklin","title_ssm":["Arthur Lee, Challiot, to Benjamin Franklin"],"title_tesim":["Arthur Lee, Challiot, to Benjamin Franklin"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1777 November 16"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1777"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Arthur Lee, Challiot, to Benjamin Franklin"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Powell Family papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":727,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[1777],"containers_ssim":["Box 6","Folder 3"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents In answer to a previous letter, he feels that the only principle that will affect them the British? is fear, and that treating them cavalierly will make them despair of their undertaking. Statement on verso: Copy is in handwriting of Rebecca C. Powell of Alexandria.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Scope and Contents In answer to a previous letter, he feels that the only principle that will affect them the British? is fear, and that treating them cavalierly will make them despair of their undertaking. Statement on verso: Copy is in handwriting of Rebecca C. Powell of Alexandria."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#33/components#1","timestamp":"2026-05-21T07:21:03Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8863","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8863","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8863","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8863","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_8863.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Powell Family papers","title_ssm":["Powell Family papers"],"title_tesim":["Powell Family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1775-1929"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1775-1929"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["01/Mss. 65 P875","/repositories/2/resources/8863"],"text":["01/Mss. 65 P875","/repositories/2/resources/8863","Powell Family papers","African Americans--Virginia--History--19th century","Freedmen--Virginia--History","Kilpatrick-Dahlgren Raid, Va., 1864","Reconstruction (U.S. history, 1865-1877)--Virginia","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Women--United States--History--19th century","Correspondence","684.00 items","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Organization: This collection is organized into 5 series. Series 1 contains papers of the Powell Family; Series 2 contains copies of historical letters; Series 3 contains legal papers; Series 4 contains cartes de visites; and Series 5 contains diaries, record books, and other miscellaneous volumes. Arrangement: This collection is primarily arranged chronologically by date.","Cuthbert Powell (1775-1849) was born in Middleburg, Loudoun County, Virginia to parents Leven Powell (1737-1810) and Sarah (Harrison) Powell. He was one of eleven children. Cuthbert made his fortune alongside his brother, Leven Powell, Jr. (1772-1807), as a merchant and ship owner. He retired to \"Llangollen,\" Loudoun County, Virginia in 1812 after a decline in business. Later he was elected to serve in both houses of the Virginia General Assembly; the Virginia State Senate in 1829 and the Virginia House of Delegates in 1840. In 1788, Cuthbert married Catherine Simms, daughter of Col. Charles Simms. The couple had ten children including; Anne Maria Powell (1800-1885), who married 1st cousin Dr. William Levin Powell; Dr. Llewellen Powell (1802-1870), who married cousin Sarah Elizabeth Harrison; Charles Leven Powell (1804-1896), who married Selina Lloyd; Mary Emily Powell (b.1807), who married cousin Cuthbert Powell and later Rev. George Adie; Ellen Douglas Powell (1813- 1862) who married Judge William H. Gray; Cuthbert Harrison Powell (1814-1897); and Jane Simms (Fanny) Powell, who married Wellington Gordon. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki:  .","Other Information:","Additional information may be found at http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00085.frame","Included with the finding aid is \"The Powell and Lloyd Families of Alexandria, Virginia\" by Frank Snowden Hopkins (1988),","When available, microfilm, photocopies, digital surrogates, or other reproductions must be used in place of original documents."," See:  Southern Women and their Families in the 19 th  Century Papers and Diaries Series C Reel # 04,05,06,07 in Swem Library's microforms area, call number HQ1438 .V5 S68","Leven Powell Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary; include the correspondence of Leven Powell (1737-1810), who was the father of Cuthbert Powell (1775-1849). Leven Powell served in the American Revolution, Virginia House of Delegates and U. S. House of Representatives. Leven Powell Papers, 1774-1806. 93 items. Collection number: Mss. 65 P87"," Tabb-Powell Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary. Tabb-Powell Papers, 1797-1894.1,847 items. Collection Number: Mss. 65 T14Geographic interest includes; Alexandria, Leesburg, Winchester, and central Virginia; and Henry [Marshall County] Illinois.","Letters and papers of Charles Leven Powell, his wife Selina (Lloyd) Powell and children of Loudoun County, Virginia; Henry, Illinois; Winchester, Virginia; and Alexandria, Virginia.","There are also included papers of Charles Leven Powell's father, Cuthbert Powell. Prominent correspondents include Johns Hopkins, Eleanor Agnes Lee, Fitzhugh Lee, George Washington Custis Lee, Mary Anna Randolph (Custis) Lee, Hunter Holmes McGuire and James Monroe.","Letters concern Robert Young Conrad, Hunter Holmes McGuire, civilian affairs during the Civil War, the Kilpatrick-Dahlgren Raid, freedmen, Reconstruction, and the education of women. Many letters are written by women.","In addition, there are a number of letters from and concerning members of the Dupuy family of Prince Edward County, Winchester, Virginia including Robert Young Conrad (president of the Virginia Secession Convention) and his son Holmes Conrad (U. S. Congressman)."," \nIncluded with the finding aid is \"The Powell and Lloyd Families of Alexandria, Virginia\" by Frank Snowden Hopkins (1988)."," \nSee also  Southern Women and their Families in the 19 th  Century Papers and Diaries Series C Reel # 04,05,06,07 in Swem Library's microforms area, call number HQ1438 .V5 S68","Including a statement, 1786 April 8 by J. Nicholson that the witnesses Joshua Lamb and John Lamb (both Quakers) and Joseph Greenwood affirmed and swore that this was the last will and testament of Thomas Hepborn.","Reports on the status of the ship The Rising Sun; says she will dispose of her cargo as soon as possible; says the ship was detained by the British (War of 1812), but given up.","Signed by William Hodgson and Thomas Van Le, Jr.","Her daughter ? Nancy, had a healthy baby boy who is nursing well; Nancy is staying with her now, and her husband Mr. Wallach, spends almost every night there also; is concerned that Nancy will live a hard life because of her husband's financial situation; on the other hand, her daughter Catherine ? will be \"free from the trials attended on a state of poverty,\" being married to Cuthbert Powell, who owns a large farm in Loudoun County; much Simms family news; mentions Mrs. Trist's grandson, Nicholas Trist.","Signed by B. Cottinger.","Fatherly letter giving his opinion of a certain young lady and marriage, as well as general advice.","Discussion of his engagement to this daughter Selina, and the seriousness of the matter, especially in concerning finances; tells of his poor financial state as related to a dowry, or the lack thereof, for his daughter; gives his approval of the \"alliance,\" but hopes they will delay the marriage for some time.","Has given great consideration to his claim against the French government and has turned the case over to Stephen Pleasonton, who is the auditor for the Dept. of State and who is now handling all claims; since Mr. Pleasonton is a personal friend and he (James Monroe) is greatly interested in his Burr Powell case, he knows he will get an answer soon; will also be returning the agriculture pamphlet.","Sends extract of Mr. Pleasonton's reply concerning the claim against the French government and asks that he reply with the necessary information; will also do anything he can to help.","Further discussion of his claim against the French government and dealings with Stephen Pleasanton and Isaac Coxe Barnett.","More instructions about the claim being made against the French government.","Further discussion and explanation of the case involving Burr Powell and his claim against the French government.","Continued information concerning Powell's claim against the French government.","The new court system has kept him extremely busy; social life has slowed down; the fashion these days to relieve boredom is to ride horseback; expresses concern for his own colt in the country; inquires after Dr. Nelson and his medical career; also asks about a large, gay party at South River; recommends books for good reading including Schlegel's History of Literature.","Has received the results of his claim from Mr. Pleasonton and regrets the outcome, which he disagrees with; does not feel anyone is to blame.","Asks her to come visit over Christmas; describes the social events in Arlington; mentions her cousin George Calvert; says the big event is the fair for the benefit of orphans.","Describes a walk she took and the surrounding countryside, including the wildflowers and startling a herd of deer; had many visitors, including a very graceful lady who is said to have been \"addressed\" by Mr. Van Buren, a \"jolly goodnatured ... commodore and some of the ugliest officers,\" and Mrs. Porter and her scholars; tells of books she has read, including Tales of a Grandfather, The Sorcerer, and The Talisman; loving memories and looking forward to their next meeting.","Have just returned from a visit to her grandmother's and her cousin, Ann Marshall; they all are saddened by the death of Mr. Fitzhugh; describes the country from South to West River, where she had visited, and comments on meeting a lovely girl, Bella Carter; mentions the jealousy of another male suitor?, Seldon Page; mentions Mary Custis. 3 pages. letter signed.","Sends his best wishes for her new life with Charles L. Powell; will be able to attend the wedding as well as \"Brother Nelson\"; is uncommonly warm; is sending a bonnet for her and a small diamond breast-pin for Father by the steamboat Franklin, commanded by Admiral Nevitt; describes the long ribbons attached to the bonnet, which are for going once all the way around the bonnet before knotting them by the ear, not for tying a bow under the chin; also includes a diagram of how to tie them in the current fashion; admits to having been helped in choosing the bonnet by Miss Olivia Donaldson.","Discusses events in Washington D.C.; says she went to \"the President's\" on New Year's day; discusses Mr. Marshall's sermons; mentions books she is reading; asks Selina to come visit her.","Says her health is improving; encourages her to ask her for help when she needs it; discusses the articles she is sending her including a lemon tree, curtains, a mattress; discusses how these things will get to her; gives news about the children; Bec, Nanny, Frank, and Fred.","His mother-in-law has told him of the wonderful news of the birth of another daughter Hattie, and that both mother and baby are safe; will be up to visit in about a week; comments on balancing the sexes in the family, and that he has \"no notion of supplying my brother's and sister's children with wives\"...\"we shall hate to transport them his daughters to the wilds of the west\"; all is well at home, a new hen house is being built, but the garden is too wet to work; is lonely but is visiting neighbors; family news; religious sentiments expressed about her, their new daughter, and their family.","Gives account of his trip to Wheeling, including a sweet good-bye from daughter Rebecca; was not able to locate Robert Gray or ? Throckmorton at Harper's Ferry, but later met them at Point of Rocks; detailed description of a railroad and train cars; tells poignant story of a dog on the train searching for his master.","Has had many family visitors since his departure and family news; there is a measle outbreak at \"Llangollen,\" and all of the \"negroes\" have it; she had her teeth filed by Dr. Overfield?; a fire in Upperville destroyed Robert Armistead's new store and the adjoining saddle shop; they have had a beautiful snowfall, covering all of the blossom-filled trees, which melted quickly, doing no harm to the fruit; had a letter from brother John, who advises that he Charles L. Powell \"go directly to Texas\"; loving stories about their daughter's activities.","Had a bad thunderstorm the day she left; inquires about her trip and her relatives; details of children's activities; has let Becca sleep with him.","Their father will be taking a trip West this spring, accompanied by cousin William; family information; social life in Leesburg very quiet; misses her and her family.","Details of his trip from Alexandria; spent the night with relatives; warns her about catching a cold on a windy day; tells of conversations with their young son.","Private financial matters; tells of his busy schedule as a representative from Virginia to the U.S. legislature; gives his negative opinion concerning a bank? bill introduced by Henry Clay,which he feels the President would veto; Daniel Webster shares his opinion; life insurance inquiry.","Will not be home when expected because the House of Representatives is not going to adjourn until Monday; the Congress received their second veto from President Tyler regarding the Bank Bill; describes an assault made by Sen. Henry A. Wise upon Sen. Edward Stanlyin Congress.","Asking about her visit to Washington and the Chamber of National Institute; speaks of floods, bad weather, but comfortable where he is, because of Margaret's? kindness; describes lifestyle and \"humorous remarks of Charles Lamb,\" sexual relationship with her.","Wishing thumb to heal; speaks of cattle and other animals at \"Llangollen\" that he misses; asks about children; saw Ann? mentions Virginia Taylor's visit; will visit wife before harvest; reference to brother, Leven, and his wife, and Sarah?","Hustle and excitement of the House of Representatives; hoping to adjourn on Monday the twenty-second, but difficulties cause many night meetings; political discussion about Tariff question and Tuck bill.","Discusses her story at \"the Springs;\" tells about the politics the company there discussed; gives her own view of these issues; gives news about family and friends; hopes that Congress will soon adjourn so that he can come home.","Compares episode of thief robbing hen house to thieves in Washington trying to rob \"public treasures\"; wants to buy books for her; tells how he wishes to be with her and the rest of his family.","Writes of the bad weather and that they are able to get out very little; says Mr. Powell went to the Inauguration on horseback; tells what books the family members are reading; mentions the issue of white servants; discusses Rebecca's feelings of becoming a young lady; says that they could not get the house they wanted for next year; mentions Mr. Powell's feelings of frustration for not being able to better provide for them; gives more news about the Inauguration; news of family and friends.","Daughter, Harriet, left with Uncle William to spend holidays with them; daughter Minna had a birthday party, inviting Aunt Mary's children and Eskridges; family news; death of Maria Lee.","Discusses her religious feelings; discusses her traveling plans; describes her relationship with each of her relatives where she is staying; says she is staying with Fan and helping her with her wedding.","Discusses the housekeeping and how Rebecca is taking care of the house while she is away; discusses the health of family members; tells how they are altering last year's dresses; says \"Mother\" is quite weak and \"Father\" is very dependent on her; gives news of Brother Nelson and Jeanie (sister?); gives travel plans of family; says Mr. Powell has gotten six teeth put in and looks much younger.","Describes their arrival home with her brother Nelson; gives news of \"little Nan\"?; asks about Rebecca and Minna's trip; tells her to be happy and to follow God; says Charlie is doing well in school.","Family news; mentions Laura's? wedding.","Tells what she did during her visit to Locust Hill; tells what is going on in town; gives news of family and friends. Including news from letter from \"Mother\" Selina Powell to Rebecca Powell telling of her many activities.","Discusses Jesus and how one must search for and do things that please Him; asks that she watch her sister, Minna, closely so that she will not overexert herself; Ariana? had a baby boy; describes son Charlie's and daughter Nina's reactions to reading school and learning; family news.","Speaks of John's? carriage and velocipede that once was Minna Lloyd's, describing how she rode the vehicle; describes what a Holly tree is; (has genealogical information about Minna Powell, Lloyd Powell, and Charlie Powell in a different hand, which appears to have been added later.)","Gloucester Court House,Va. Speaks of her \"companion in Matilda Lee?; received visit from Nannie Guy and Maria Harrison; describes celebration in honour of General Taylor's election; describes Mrs. Janney's travels; town gossip and family news.","Family news; speaks of going to Locust Hill; inquires and tells about adventures of many townspeople; obliged to Mrs. Tabb for taking care of her and other daughter, Minna.","Speaks of Cousin Lucy's? party; describes Christmas scene around her house and gifts that the children received; describes Cousin Elizabeth Janney and compares to Cousin Harriet; family news.","Discusses who has come to visit her; describes Cousin Lee's wife, Maria, and their wedding; asks about her Christmas; describes the book marks she made for Christmas presents; asks how Minna is doing.","Speaks of snow and bad weather; notes that daughters, Rebecca and Minna, have been gone for almost three months; Fanny (Powell) Gordon is going to visit Fredericksburg; mentions a letter from Jeannie? who found General Jones, in Washington, quite \"agreeable and handsome\"; Cuthbert Powell is much better, and he speaks of going to Gloucester to join a Mr. Hale; Nina is afraid of everything; family news; mentions hiring of a slave, Margaret.","Rebecca's description of her Uncle Tabb's Dr. John Prosser Tabb house seems far in advance of Old-Virginian architectural styles; speaks of death of Mrs. Douglas Gordon.","Speaks of dancing as a family as a \"social amusement,\" but says that it does offend some \"in the religious world;\" says that one must respect the public opinion of the community where one lives; had severe weather; family news. 3 pages. letter signed. Including note signed from Hatty Powell, Leesburg, Va., to Minna Powell, Gloucester Court House, for letter and \"glove-knots\" and sending love to Aunt Rebeccaand Uncle John Prosser.","Her brother Charlie and sister Nina have sore throats, and her father has a bad cold; snowy weather; Hatty went with Aunt Ellen to Selma and Raspberry Plain; Mr. Armistead Rust is to be married before March 4; family news.","Scope and Contents Reports on the snow storms they have had; mentions the coming wedding of Armistead Rust and Lilly Lawrence; tells how he likes working at the store; describes one of their customers; describes the house they may rent next spring. Including letter signed from Selina Powell, Leesburg, Virginia, to Rebecca Powell, Gloucester, Virginia Says she is glad to hear Minna's health is improving; gives news of family; says her brother Nelson soon sails for California to dig gold, and may not be back for five years; reports on how he expects to live; says that there are measles and mumps in town.","Maris's? father announced as candidate for re-election; General Rust's family going to New York to attend a wedding; father is renting Carper's house; bad weather and snow causing many colds and illnesses; Mrs. Eskridge's father died; father may go to the Inauguration; family news. 4 pages. letter signed.","Saw Representative John S. Pendleton at the House of Representativesin Washington, D.C.; Pendleton wants a senate appointment; he will not go to Leesburg because he does not want to \"meddle with party movements\"; mentions \"County Repeal of the dog law.\"","Scope and Contents Mother and Father are both sick; \"brother\" has gone to inauguration; describes how to make eggnog, and gives her opinion of it; describes riding horses to the cliff and tells of adventures. 1 page. letter signed. Including letter from Harriet Powell, Leesburg, Virginia, to \"sister\" Rebecca Powell, Gloucester, Virginia, 1849 February 27, incomplete letter concerning outbreak of the mumps and family and town news.","Father suffering from piles; mumps are still prevailing; do not have parties during Lent; family news.","Scope and Contents Speaks of gossip saying that Mr. Benedict is having an affair with Mrs. Henderson; describes procession in Washington, D.C. and the inauguration; family news. Including letter signed from Selina Powell, Leesburg, Va., to Rebecca Powell, Gloucester, Virginia, 1849 March 26, concerning family news and the time of year.","Scope and Contents Expresses joy that Minna's health is till improving; says she is recovering from her cold; says Lloyd and Hattie have been ill as well; discusses the issue of Rebecca upsetting her aunt Rebecca by being late for a meal; says her aunt is easily vexed in \"her condition\"; gives news of friends and family; describes their new servant Robert. 4 pages. letter signed. Including letter signed from Charles S. Powell, to Rebecca Powell, , undated, concerning Uncle Prosser's desire to put Minna on \"short allowance,\" and Minna's consumption of beef.","Describes their move to another house which she says is comfortable but small; hopes that the Gloucester air is getting rid of her cold; says their father is busy with court dealings; says many in the area have mumps including Hattie; says that Hattie is getting a tooth plugged; says she does not want Lloyd to leave to live so far away; discusses mesmerism (hypnotism).","Speaks of her bad health; her husband is busy preparing for court; mentions a party at Exeter; Mrs. Fontleroy had a girl so Mrs. Knox is a grandmother; much more family news and information.","Scope and Contents Rebecca Powell will be coming home within a week or so; Fanny? is at Locust Hill with the mumps; family news; Uncle William Graypersuaded Father to go to Gum Springs, Va., until after the election; election day events seemed to be going against Father. Including note signed from Nina Powell, Leesburg, Virginia, to \"Sister Minna\" Powell, Gloucester Court House, Virginia, 1849 April 26, concerning family news.","Describes Minna's cough and how they are treating it; tells her what clothes Lloyd and Charlie should wear if it gets colder; says she has been doing little except taking care of Minna; discusses new dresses for the winter and corsets; gives news of friends and relatives; discusses travel plans, to come home for the winter.","Discusses dresses, materials and costs; discusses bonnets; gives news of family; thanks her and Hattie for taking care of the household duties while she is away.","Says Minna is now well and that they are anxious to come home; gives news of Jeanie (her sister?), and Rebecca; gives news of \"Mother\" and \"Father\"; discusses books.","Says Mr. Powell had his \"likeness taken\" at the Daguerreotype rooms; says Minna's health continues to improve but that she may have one tonsil taken out; discusses the remedies she is taking; says she feels stronger also; gives news of friends; gives news of Rebecca, Jeanie, and \"sister\" Ann; discusses walking shoes.","Gives advice on her health and over-exertion; describes the illumination that took place in the neighborhood; tells of visits she has made; tells stories about Minna's sister, Nina; gives news of family and friends; says Hattie has lost her \"excess of fat\" and is walking three times a day.","Tells what each family member is doing; discusses bonnets; discusses appearance versus reality as concerning materialism; discusses the opportunities for her in Alexandria; discusses the role of children in the family; gives news of friends and family; mentions that \"brother\" John may move and that if they move to Illinois, they will be closer to him.","Says they got there a few days ago and that Mr. Powell, Mr. Grey(?), and \"brother Llew\" have gone to the sale of slaves (\"the sale of the negroes\"); discusses her visit in Alexandria with her grandparents; Discusses the bad weather in Leesburg and the bad condition of the roads; says their family must economize rigidly; says Mr. Powell found the law business in Alexandria too small, so they will not be moving there; expresses her disappointment at the outcome; gives news of family.","Scope and Contents Reviews Christmas gifts received by everyone; describes a \"reading party\"; describes Christmas decorations of the Church; family news. Including note signed from Selina Powell, Leesburg, Virginia, to Rebecca Powell, 1849 December 29, concerning when daughter, Rebecca, is to return home.","Tells of the recent social events of the area; describes the format of a reading party; says her mother-in-law could not make it to their home because of the snow; asks her how her mother is doing; says there are still small pox in the area; discusses how many servants she has and what each does; says that Rebecca's Uncle George took Cuthbert to an asylum in Baltimore and hopes he will be happier there then when he was \"out.\"","Gives news of Rebecca's Uncle Richard and Aunt Elizabeth who live in Illinois; says she plans to get a description of the Illinois life from them; gives news of Ellen? who is unwell and is going to a doctor in New York; discusses how Rebecca can get home; describes family activities; says they have been able to do little because of the rain and mud; says she lies on her back all day sewing while her children read to her.","Scope and Contents Reading parties are the only way she can socialize; reports Maria Grady's death; reports about a big baptist meeting going on there headed by Mrs. Lucket; much town news. 4 pages. letter signed. Including letter signed from Selina Powell, Leesburg, Virginia, to Rebecca Powell, Alexandria, Virginia, January 26, 1850, concerning Rebecca Powell's trip home and Maria Grady's \"triumphant death.\"","Scope and Contents Speaks of terrible weather; boasts of learning to spin rolls of cotton on a spinning wheel; reports death of Rebecca Gray, Robert Gray's daughter; describes her daily routine; discusses Mary Grady. Including letter signed from \"devoted mother,\" Selina Powell, Leesburg, Virginia, to \"Bec,\" Rebecca Powell, Alexandria, Virginia, January 1850, concerning bad weather, family news, and attendance to the convention.","Says many in the family have been very sick for a couple of days and that she has had to nurse them; says Minna is now sick; and never had fully recovered from the chicken pox she had before; gives advice of how to be a good guest; advises her on her studies.","Says she has a toothache but must wait until May to get them pulled; describes a humorous reading party; says there was a case of small pox in the area and that many are being revaccinated. Including letter signed from \"mother\" Selina Powell to Rebecca Powell. Discusses her travel plans home; tells her to follow her grandparents' advice; gives news of family.","Expresses joy that her younger siblings are recovering from the measles so well; reports on health of \"Grandma\" and \"Grandpa\" Lloyd; gives news of Aunt Rebecca, Jeanie, and Minnie; Tells what she had done each day.","Inquires about many weddings in Leesburg and about who will need new dresses; speaks of ball thrown by Maria Washington; other city news.","Gives general description of Henry and discusses the family's move there; discusses the house they will build; advises what they should bring; reports on the emigrants in the area; discusses their travel plans in detail; asks Charlie to bring Newfoundland puppies; gives news of family there.","Describes presents sent to grandchildren; tells of Christmas scene in Alexandria; wants granddaughters to meet a polite gentleman that impressed her. Including poem, 1852, by R. C. Powell, beginning \"'Ours the cross.' Yes it is ours,\" giving a religious viewpoint.","Speaks of how she makes embroidery patterns and what colors are preferred; inquires about some of her friends; John Leven Powell says that Brooke? looks badly; aunt Fanny trying to match Brooks with Lucy Gordon; speaks of a Mr. Beverley breaking out around his face and \"bleeding profusely\".","Scope and Contents Mr. Gordon? will be a delegate to the democratic convention in Richmond, Virginia; much use of her eyes results in inflammation of her eyelids; \"Llangollen\" property is deteriorating; much town news and family news; mentions her dower right.","Speaks of helping Frank and Lucy ? with their new baby; describes female servants and her experiences with them; describes health of her daughters, Harriet, Rebecca, and Minna; reports of a few cases of \"cholera\"; reports of a good garden.","Gives a detailed report of Minna's health, expressing hope that her headaches are definitely getting better; tells about people who have visited the family; mentions a desegregated school in \"abolition ground\"; tells what her sisters have been doing since she left; discusses Rebecca's journey.","Mrs. Janney's baby died while she was ill; a Mr. Anderson, a Presbyterian Minister, says that his wife, Miss Harper, is a relative of Selina's (her father's Aunt); speaks of Fred's? wedding; tells of episode when she goes to visit a Mrs. Brown?; describes a visit they made to some neighbors; describes Mr. Lombard's house that is being built; reports on the food they are preparing and what is available to them; says the winter goods have still not come in; mentions sewing that her daughters are doing; news of family and friends.","Mentions Fanny's ? wedding; family news; possibility that Rebecca's Uncle Gordon ? might be elected to legislature; family does not wish Rebecca Powell to return home this winter.","Describes a visit they made to some new neighbors; describes Mr. Lombard's house that is being built; reports on the food they are preparing and what is available to them; says the winter goods have still not come in; mentions sewing that her daughters are doing; news of family and friends.","Describes their busy preparations for winter; describes their daily routine; says she is glad to have Lucy and Fred stay with them; describes their Sunday school; reports on Scholastics (a servant) who is now reading well; news of family and friends; discusses dresses and styles; asks about Rebecca's Uncle Nelson; mentions that Rebecca's Uncle Gordon was elected; asks about Fan's? wedding and hopes she and William will be happy.","Speaks of his daughter's trip, whom she should visit, and money matters; hopes to soon reap the financial benefits of his store; mentions Bishop Whitehouse's determination to give the college broad foundations; family news.","Family news; sleet and bad weather; religious discussion and viewpoints; Lucy and John? have a daughter now.","Scope and Contents Mr. Powell, Charles and Richard Lloyd are busy with new business as \"Land Agents\"; town of Henry, Illinois now has a newspaper and a steam mill; hopes to have a railroad passing through soon; there is not a decent Church and she wishes to see one built; Lloyd Powell, son of Selina, studies German because there are so many Germans in their town to do business with.","Scope and Contents Sarcastically teases her sister about differences between lifestyles of \"Far West\" and the East; Uncle Fred ? went to Springfield to see that railroad went from Peoria through Henry, Illinois; mentions problems with scarlet fever; family news.","Speaks of liquor laws and problems with drinking; describes lectures; such family and town news; mentions other religious lectures.","Expresses desire for daughter Rebecca to return home; Minna Powell still having problems with headaches; family news; Fred? went to Chicago to see stockholders of the Peoria and Rock Island Railroad; asks for Rebecca to send asparagus seed and large lima beans; mentions Thackery's lectures, and gives her opinion about his books and religious teachings.","Scope and Contents Family news; \"land business\" will provide many opportunities for travel; Rebecca planning to go to Leesburg soon. Including note from Charles L. Powell, Henry, Illinois, to \"darling,\" Rebecca Powell, , 1853 March 11, sending his daughter ten dollars and writing her as to how to handle her expenses and requesting her to bring home her Grandfather's papers.","States that even though he just left yesterday, she wanted to put a letter in the books to be sent to him; comments on their inability to see each other even though he is only seven miles away.","Mentions his job as a traveling salesman and how he hopes to soon be Uncle Richard's Lloyd administration; resolved in town meeting to build the Railroad Peoria and Chicago.","Scope and Contents Expresses her disappointment that she cannot see Rebecca before Rebecca returns to Henry, Illinois; describes the friendship between them; news of friends in Baltimore.","Tells of carriage accident involving Mr. and Mrs. Richard Dulaney, where their horses were scared by the Clifton Mill and threw Mrs. Dulaney; she and father attended Dr. Rutherford's lectures; emphasizes that ladies got to vote, as well as gentlemen, on whether they were satisfied with the lectures; new wharf boat has arrived.","Describes the towns of Rushville and Pittsfield; said he enjoyed Pittfield more, but that Uncle Richard Lloyd sent him an assignment for Rushville; says he will be there about a month; asks about friends and family.","Scope and Contents Rebecca has come home; Minna joined the church with her family; gives religious views; family news. Including letter from Minna Powell, Henry, Illinois, to \"Brother\" , 1853 May 11, referring to Rushville, as location of brother; tells of beautiful spring weather and describes scenery.","Will soon be coming home; complains of sore throat and headaches; has had scarlet fever; family information.","Gossips about \"Miss Jane,\" a mutual friend; says he and Dr. Winslow found her in her parlor with a man; says the servant did not want to let them in and that it was an uncomfortable situation. Including letter written in margins from \"Cousin\" Jane to Rebecca Powell concerning religious publication, an Episcopal convention.","Expresses how much she misses him; discusses reading material.","Describes Aunt Ellen's Powell Gray recovery from an illness; much family news; describes wedding that she went to; expresses romantic interest in a Dr. Claggett; includes printed poems.","Describes physical appearance of \"Llangollen\" as well as her feelings towards the place; reminisces about when family lived in Virginia. Talks about old friends; family news.","Scope and Contents Tells her little sister Nina about old friends and family; gives details of things she has been doing. Including letter from \"Hatty\" Harriet Powell, \"Llangollen,\" Virginia, to \"Mother,\" Selina Powell, 1853 October 10. Concerning warmer clothes; advantages of \"flannel draws\" over a \"wadded petticoat.\"","Scope and Contents Says she has been extremely ill and so have many in the area; says she has been traveling in order to improve her health; tells of her problems with Custis and his lessons; says Robert is still holding his office in Washington but wishes to leave; asks how she likes \"the West\" and if her husband is finding success; news of friends.","Reports Lucy's? death and grief everyone feels; Nelly? is to be baptized; other family news.","21 items.","Tells of their Christmas and New Years celebrations. Also includes \"Mother\" Selina Powell, to Rebecca Powell. Expresses hope that Rebecca can be with her relatives in Baltimore; discusses the nature of receiving advice and making her own decisions concerning her travel plans.","Speaks of attending a party; mentions \"matching up\" procedures at party; family news; details Christmas gifts.","Mentions religious feelings; speaks of a railroad being built nearby; Virginia? had her annual get-together on December 26; of family members; mentions a friend's visit to the Crystal Palace; Mrs. Augustine Washington had the first male child born at Mt. Vernon recently; family news; mentions Rear Admiral Leven Minn Powell.","Mentions Brooks'? wedding; describes details of the wedding; much family news.","Tells of her day spent with Lizzie King and Jane Norris; describes a dinner given for a couple about to get married; news of other friends.","Mentions sicknesses of Nelson Lloyd and John Lloyd; speaks of a Douglas Forrest who attends Yale College; has to take a boat to Washington D.C.; gives price rates per acre of land at that time; gives prices for a lot of land.","Family news about cousins Nannie and Fanny?; mentions Uncle Nelson's Lloyd recovery; travels by omnibus.","Family news; describes her garden and its contents; Regina? was married; Mr. Livingston? requests influence of Charles L. Powell to obtain the consulship of London through General Baercel?; mentions Mr. McFaddin as being the mayor of Henry.","Family news; describes the scenery at Locust Hill; some of Uncle George's ? children have chicken pox.","Identified as much of note added in unknown handwriting, possibly that of Selina Lloyd Hepburn.","Description of Minna's gravesite; tells what he's doing to improve its appearance.","Describes trip to Niagara Falls; describes places visited in New York and where he lives; describes his studies.","Describes courses he is studying at school; describes the first time he saw a man dive under water and the suit he wore below water; staying at a boarding house.","John Lloyd who died in 1854; estimated price value are given.","Describes study habits and classes; mentions prices of a ring and a clock; describes his financial situation. .","Describes in detail her Quaker wedding to Frank? on 1854 December 14.","Nina's Christmas gift from Charles arrived safely; mentions wedding of a fellow student; serenaded the couple with a \"horse fiddle\"; describes his activities in his spelling class; mentions plans to return home in the spring.","Expresses religious beliefs; lists prices for renting his room.","Describes Charter Oak, an attraction in Hartford; describes his visit to an armory; staying with a Mr. Parsons and describes his family.","Scope and Contents Discusses financial settlements he is making for his father concerning the house, lands, furniture; says Uncle Fred and Uncle Neb are leaving Henry and they are all \"disgusted\" with Henry and that he thinks his (father's) decision not to come back was wise; mentions the family move to Winchester, Virginia","12 items, 1856. 16 items, 1857","Describes their Christmas which was spent at Uncle Fred's and Aunt Lute's; describes a Christmas ball and a New Year's ball in detail; says he has had some problems with dyspepsia; asks about cousin Kate's wedding to a senator.","Reports on Aunt Lib and Uncle R?'s new son, Richard; says he rented out their house in Henry; says he has been away from \"home\" now for three months; and will not go to New Orleans, Mobile, and Augusta; describes how he decorated Minna's grave, and expresses hope that her resting place will soon be Virginia; asks about their school; sends money from a large profit he made selling land.","Describes his visit to Louisville where he saw his cousins and went to many social events; says that the train ride from Kentucky was very rough; says he will be in Vicksburg in a week and then will go to Wilmington, North Carolina; Mobile, Alabama; New Orleans; and Memphis, Tennessee; asks about family and friends.","Describes his stay in Vicksburg, and his visit with Mr. And Mrs. Eilbeck Mason and Miss Louisa Fox; says that he did not see Cousin John Russell while in New Orleans; discusses his travel plans; asks about Hatty's teaching.","Expresses joy that she is well from the influenza; says he has recently traveled to Portsmouth, Va,, the Carolinas, Georgia, Alabama and Mississippi; says he will now go to Texas; discusses travel plans; asks her to pick out one of her friends for him; discusses Charlie's new job in St. Louis.","Scope and Contents Describes St. Louis and the Virginia House Hotel; inquires about the new scholars the family has taken on; harasses Nina for not writing. Including note from Charles L. Powell, St. Louis, Missouri, to Nina Powell, Winchester, Virginia, 1856 May 4, concerning his happiness about Nina joining the Church.","Describes hard times in Illinois; intent to move back to Virginia when business picks up; family news.","Speaks of influenza and other illnesses prominent in the town; reports the death of Mr. Adies ?; Ellen Powell is in Washington Infirmary; house is being renovated; family news.","Says he just returned from Henry; says Charlie is on his way to Henry to start his new job in Uncle Fred's store; describes Henry and the house they used to live in; reports that Uncle Fred is building a house; gives new of Scholastics and Monsieur Carlo; says he will go to Pennsylvania next and then visit them.","Reports that Lloyd Powell is on his way to Virginia; describes their yard and home in Henry; yellow fever is not a problem this year in Illinois; he went to a concert given by the Baleis.","Inquires about the \"weddings fair\"; discusses his travels and the loneliness involved in his job; mentions his relief that the campaigns and elections are over; sends messages to friends at home.","Nina has begun studying Latin and learning how to draw; mentions the extension of the Chicago and Pern canal down to Henry; much family news.","Tells what each family member is doing; discusses religion and the duties of a Christian; gives news of friends who have joined the church; discusses Minna's grave; discusses letter writing; tells of recent marriages and engagements; gives her philosophy on why he should not begin to chew tobacco; news of family and friends.","Scope and Contents Makes reference to Valentine's Day and Washington's Birthday; mentions last year's parade and the marching continentals; reports of bad rain storm that tore up the railroad track and caused problems with mud and flooding; family news. Includes note signed from Charles L. Powell, Jr., Henry, Illinois, to Nina Powell, Winchester, Virginia, 1857 February 22, telling her to turn to their 'one friend' for strength and advice.","Scope and Contents Describes a storm which kept him in Henry, Illinois, unable to travel; gives recent travel plans, including a trip to Philadelphia by boat; gives news of friends and family in Henry; says many river towns are flooded.","Reports his knowledge of Lloyd's Powell return to Winchester; relatives are going to the Episicpal Church for Easter; reports Dr. Hoagland ? as being a bad tenant in their house in Illinois; mentions happiness that Nina Powell is joining the church today.","Gives news of relatives in Alexandria; tells his travel plans; says he finds the women of Virginia far more appealing than those of South Carolina.","Uncle Fred? and Aunt Lucy? are leaving for Virginia; sending his mother his daguerreotype, a photograph; reports that Lloyd is in St. Louis; Bridget, a past boarder, had a little girl; family news.","Describes the family vacation and adventures; describes the baths; mentions the parties they have attended; family news.","Family is on vacation; describes activities and scenery at Capon Springs; family news.","Speaks about taking inventory at the store; family news.","Says they just got back from Capon; asks her not to take silver nitrate for her headaches; says they have all improved their health by the visit to Capon; says \"brother\" Nelson is now there hoping the springs will help him; says they did not get the house that they wanted to rent; gives news of friends; says Rebecca, Hatty, and Lloyd are there. Including letter from Charles L. Powell to Nina Powell. Says that he misses her and wishes she could have been at Capon; asks about her headaches.","Describes his travels from Baltimore to Henry; mentions shortage of money due to bank failures; gives detailed news of the town, including improvements being made; news of Henry relatives; mentions that the bank failures will result in fewer land dealings and therefore, less work for him; asks about the young ladies of Winchester.","Inquires about Mr. Waler's? lectures; attends the Methodist Church now; reports of the adventures during hunting season; mentions the new idea of pavement sidewalks.","Describes a severe snowstorm and its effects on Henry; tells how he spent Thanksgiving day; describes their new cook with whom he is infatuated; mentions the death of Robert Conrad?; gives messages of friends in Winchester.","Reports of Nina getting her teeth straightened; describes method; reports that the number of scarlet fever cases is greatly reduced; she is very busy with the boarding school; tells of a fight between Charlie McCormick and a police officer; mentions Hunter Holmes McGuire; family news.","Discusses the death of Robert ? and the reaction of the town; gives news of friends; sends her love to her mother and relatives; wants to know what Dr. Chase said about her teeth.","Writes about Nina's plans to go home; says she is concerned about her traveling when her teeth are in such a condition.","20 items.","Refers to the \"hard times\" everyone is experiencing; describes farm activities; family news; describes how to make a mousetrap.","Describes midwest weather and the usual fall-like temperatures; says that they are all much healthier because of the mild weather; says ties are hard and the bank in Henry just closed, but that the town is continuing to improve; asks about Mrs. Powell's occupation, teaching; mentions the death of Robert Conrad and describes his character; messages to family members.","Reports of freezing temperatures of -15 F and snow in Henry; mentions sleighing in the snow; reports story of a bank robbery.","Reports of Lloyd's Powell trip to St. Louis to try and find Charles a job; family news; mentions a Mr. Lombard who plans to return to Henry and open a bank of issue.","Discusses who owes him letters from home; says he could not find a job for Charley Charles L. Powell, Jr.? in St. Louis because of the poor economy; gives news of Randolph Powell, of St. Louis, and John Webb Powell, of Utah; says he will be home during the summer.","Mentions that she missed his birthday with a card but thought of him that day; expresses religious feelings and beliefs; family news; lists people recently confirmed in the Church; outbreak of typhus fever at the University ?","Tells of his travels; describes Memphis, Tenn.; gives news of \"cousin\" William Powell who resides in Memphis; gives news of Mr. And Mrs. Mason, residing in Vicksburg; describes Leake County where he sold some of his Uncle Nelson's land; gives news of \"cousin\" John Wilson of New Orleans and of \"cousin\" John Chilton, who may send his daughter Sarah to school in Virginia; tells his travel plans, stating he will be in Virginia in a month; gives news to family and friends.","Describes scenery where he is; tells of a May party that some school girls had; describes his boat riding trip; family news; mentions arrival of Mr. Winn, the new Presbyterian minister.","Reports having been sick with a bad cold; family news; Nina has problems with other schoolgirls because her parents operate the school; trying to plan Charlie's return home for the summer.","Asks about fourth of July entertainment; Mr. Winn gave an exceptional sermon; Uncle Richard? bought a piano and a side-saddle; family news.","Inquires about boarding students; inquires about vacations at Capon Springs, West Virginia; tells of his success at duck hunting; family news; mentions Stephen A. Douglas.","Gives news of Uncle Richard's and Uncle Fred's families; says that Frank's baby is still ill; gives news of Hammond and Minna; comments that he will not see his family for another year; gives news of Charlie Charles L. Powell, Jr. and his employment possibilities; asks about Uncle Neb of Clark, Va?.","Gives her opinion about chewing tobacco, smoking, and other bad habits; incorporates religious duty into her opinion; some family news.","Discusses his habit of chewing tobacco and how he should discipline himself to quit.","Discusses the weather; reports on Hammond; reports that Mr. Chandler of Henry is getting married in Boston; says they will stay at Mrs. Taber's for the winter; gives news of Charlie (Charles) L. Powell, Jr.; comments on the involvement of women in politics in Henry; news of friends; comments on the decreased enrollment at the family school, saying they will at least have a lighter workload; mentions Stephen A. Douglas.","Expresses her disappointment in Charlie's having tasted tobacco; tells him that he is doing wrong to continue this habit; voices many religious views.","Reports that river is flooding the town; talks of Christmas holidays; family news.","A birthday letter for Nina's sixteenth birthday; describes the weather; family news; Min? is the \"editress\" of the \"Minnehaha\"; tells of the affairs of a Miss Amanda?.","Gives account of how he spends his days with emphasis on his Sunday activities; tried to quit chewing tobacco but couldn't; tells of episode where Uncle Richard? lost his saddle bags in the town of Bradford; river was frozen and people are ice skating; family news.","Tells where the girls boarding with them are going for Christmas; describes their Christmas plans; recollects their last Christmas with Minna; gives religious advice; sends her love to Lloyd.","18 items.","Would love for her to stay with him; mentions a sister Hannah.","Reports that Lloyd Powelland Uncle Richard ? have gone to Memphis, Tenn.; tells of the building of a road for $10,000; describes a surprise party he attended; mentions Valentine's Day and how many he has received; family news.","Reports that Uncle Richard and Frank are with him in Memphis, to see if they want to move there; says that he does not believe Uncle Richard will leave Illinois, but that Frank probably will; says that they tried to look up William Powell but he had moved to Arkansas; discusses the possibilities of his parents establishing a school in the area, and the risks involved.","Gives news of Uncle Richard and Uncle Fred; says Uncle Fred and Frank will close their business and leave Henry; tells of a conversation with Bishop Otey of Memphis on the subject of establishing a girls school there; gives details of the proposal in case his father is interested; gives news of the private school situation in Arkansas; reports on his business dealings in Arkansas; discusses financial matters.","Gives news of Uncle Fred who has been ill; says that the women of the town are all inspecting the new spring goods brought in from Saint Louis; discusses his daily schedule; says Charlie Charles L. Powell, Jr. is in singing school; asks about Nina's walks and lectures on the benefits of exercise to health and appearance.","Describes spring in Illinois; inquires about relatives in Alexandria; comments on Uncle Nelson's helpless state; discusses the chances of recovering Uncle Nelson's lands in Arkansas; describes the area of Henry where the family used to live; comments that she now weights 108 lbs., which is more than her daughters weigh; sends his love to Grand Ma Powell, Aunt Ann, and Uncle Neb.","A baby girl was born who is Nina's cousin Uncle Richard's daughter?; describes a fishing trip; mentions finding several Indian graves with skeletons and other items; tells story of a \"mad\" dog who bit many people.","Gives news of Illinois relatives; describes a trip that he and Uncle Richard took through Stark County, emphasizing the changes that have taken place in the last five years; comments on Charley's Charles L. Powell, Jr. development into a young man; reports that Uncle Richard will leave the land business on September 1st; discusses his involvement in the business and his desire to visit Virginia.","Scope and Contents Expresses his relief that his brother Charles arrived safely in Va.; comments on how scattered the family is at present; mentions Cousin Fanny Cochran's wedding in Middleburg, Virginia; discusses Mr. Hyde's trip in the \"aerial vessel\" Atlantic from St. Louis to New York, as reported in the \"Republican\"; reports that Frank has another son, Horatio Nelson; news of other Illinois relatives; describes the July 4 festivities.","Discusses an unprofitable year for his business; discusses a business proposition made to his brother Charles and Harry and Benton Janney by Uncle Richard, concerning the opening of the store; gives news of Illinois relatives; comments that his Uncle Richard, who just turned 43, may begin to use his middle name again and become Richard H. Lloyd; comments on how, in the past twenty years, the Powell family has spread from \"New York to Salt Lake City, and from the 'Lakes' to the Gulf of Mexico.\"","Reports that Uncle Richard, Minna will stop at Fulton County to visit relatives; gives his opinion about Minna not returning to Winchester Va. for school, stating that she has become too undisciplined and used to complete freedom in Illinois to be effectively taught in a school; describes Frank's son Horatio Nelson; comments on the family's health, saying that his father Charles L. Powell weights twenty pounds more than he does and his mother Selina L. Powell weighs only six pounds less, and also weighs more than any of her three brothers in Illinois; asks her if she is finished school and will make her debut.","Reports that Charley (Charles) L. Powell, Jr., Harry and Benton Janney have begun their business named \"H and TB Janney and Co.\" Asks about the boarding school and discusses the difficulties of running one; reports that Frank's family and Mrs. Hammond? are on their way to Memphis to live; reports that Uncle Fred is planning an extended visit to Virginia, and then will probably move to Memphis; says he and Uncle Richard dissolved their partnership and that Uncle Richard plans to move to Memphis as well; reports that crops are poor, so his business will be slow; plans to see them for Christmas.","Reports that there is a County Fair next week; describes in detail an incident of a burning well; expresses sorrow that the family school will be so small this year; reports that the 'W. S. Fair' in Chicago is now over.","Scope and Contents Discussing fall and winter goods being stocked at \"Lloyd's Big Brick\" in Henry, Illinois","family news; mentions marriage of Miss Hutchins, and deaths of 2 children of Mrs. Clara Ferguson; received invitation to wedding of \"Miss Mittie;\" gives his opinion of marriage.","A French teacher at the boarding school died; mentions excitement due to 'John' Browne's execution and that there are 26 companies of soldiers at Charlestown, West Virginia; mentions growing discontent of slaves; describes how men have loaded pistols ready in their homes; tells how many people are being imprisoned; tells of other strains between North and South; some family news; mentions Robert Young Conrad.","Reports that Uncle Richard's baby has been christened Elizabeth Jenkins Lloyd; comments that this is the day that John Brown is to be executed; comments on the number of arrests in Virginia of strangers traveling through the state. Including newspaper clipping, n.d., of a poem about infants.","Discusses Professors Wise and LaMountain's attempt to establish daily balloon transportation from the \"Western\" states to the East Coast; family news; says he is anxious for the family in Illinois to move south; mentions the execution of \"Cook and his Confederates\" involved in John Brown's attempted insurrection on December 16.","Invitation to a \"Leap Year\" party.","Scope and Contents Mentions and encloses invitation to a \"Leap Year\" party; describes events at the party; describes weather and reports of a sleighing party; reports marriage of Mary Ann Hoyt, friend of the family. Including note from Maggie J. Richmond, Henry, Illinois, to Charles L. Powell, Jr., Henry, Illinois, 1860 February, inviting him to a \"Leap Year\" party.","Talks about Uncle Richard's? baby girl; gives report of Charles L. Powell and some family news.","Discusses \"spring fever\" concerning work; describes weather; speaks of Uncle Nelson's Lloyd death and how it should be a happy time; thanks his father for \"Alexandria Gazettes\" containing articles about the Whig convention; family news.","Writes about her feelings during the time following her brother Nelson's death; recounts the last days she spent with Nelson Lloyd.","Talks about assessed value of some land or property and makes reference to Lloyd Brothers and Co.; speaks of crops and the effects of the weather; mentions how road being finished would provide trade with those on the other side of the river; township will vote on how to acquire additional funds to complete the road; mentions the whig convention and how they now represent such a small minority of people.","Talks of spring dresses and bonnets; mentions hearing address by William McDonald; discusses opening of a shoe and book manufactory; speaks of beating \"the 'Yankees' with their own men;\" family news; religious advice; mentions use of telegraph.","Discusses agriculture and effects of weather on crops; talks of visiting New England and of dislike of their attitudes; expresses extreme negative opinion of 'Yankees.'","Family news; mentions work at the store; discusses events around town. Including poem? written in Latin on both sides of envelope. Locks of hair also enclosed.","Discusses crops and agriculture; describes Illinois scenery; family news; inquires about trip to Capron Springs; mentions \"Uncle Richard's\" card selling tour.","Discusses Congressional race; mentions Cassius M. Clay of Kentucky and his visit to Illinois; talks about rise in crime; family news.","Discusses confusion about having joined the church; religious discussion; some family and neighborhood news.","Inquires about trip to New England; mentions \"Alexandria Sentinel;\" family news.","Discusses climate and busy season of Christmas; debates issue of Civil War and effects; gives religious advice; family news; Robert Young Conrad.","Discusses problems due to political and financial situation of the country; talks about boils on his hand; family news; mentions kindness of Mayor Turner.","Nina's eighteenth birthday; discusses the weather; talks about sleighing and skating; mentions \"Pickwick Papers\" and describes hunting interest; makes reference to several literary works.","Talks of trade being slow; election of a Mr. McFadden as \"Justice of the Peace\"; mentions sleighing and the weather; describes hayride in snow and people he went with.","Discusses his indebtedness to his father and his financial situation.","Discusses political situation and \"imminent danger of Civil War\"; comments on government involvement and troops in a war; mentions social life.","Scope and Contents Discusses the imminent war and that it will be the third one in her lifetime; talks about effects of a war from past experience; family news. 3 pages. letter signed. Including note signed from \"grandmother\" Catharine Powell, Bellevue, Va.?, to Rebecca Powell, Winchester, Virginia, 1861 January 20, inquiring about being able to paint for her.","Describes his dog and its habits and actions; talks about a fight at a warehouse; family news.","Discusses pros, cons, and possibilities of a war; talks about being able to cross North/South Line if he comes to Virginia; describes weather; mentions indoor winter activities; refers to marriage and courting habits; family news.","Briefly discusses the Navy; describes wedding of Nellie Hall and a Mr. Kellogg; family news.","Information concerning troop movements around Harper's Ferry; mentions a Col. Bowen, superintendent Barbour, and a Col. Moore.","Discusses explosion of armory at Harper's Ferry; speaks of united Southern forces; mentions involvement of friends including Powell Grady; Powell and Holmes Conrad; family news.","Suffering from inflammation of eyes; discusses possibility of Illinois and Virginia residents being separated during the war; Virginia's succession from the Union; Democrats opposition to the war with the South; talks about surrender of Fort Sumter; confusion about whether to leave or stay in Henry; some family news.","Discusses Colonel Robert Lee and movement of troops; mentions Georgetown Heights, Alexandria Heights, and the Valley counties; some family news; mentions Rockingham Rifles.","Blockade established at the mouth of the Ohio; Southern trade suspended; some family news; inquires about situation in Virginia concerning the war.","Discusses a proclamation of Lincoln; politics and effects of the Civil War; dominance of Lincoln's party in Louisville, Kentucky; some family news.","Orders to stop mail from Virginia.; Alexandria occupied by North; Fairfax cavalry taken prisoner; family news.","War's effects on postal service; family news.","Thanks her for package of food and lists contents; speaks of newspaper Richmond Dispatch as a rare luxury; describes camp life; enemy is at Williamsport, Md.","Discusses camp life and its required adjustment; mentions accidental shooting of two men as their only pessimistic experience so far; gives account of battles reported in the Baltimore Sun Baltimore Sun; majority of men in army are under 21; describes how soldiers try to get food from surrounding farmers and their families.","Scope and Contents Discusses uniforms, saying that they are everywhere, and that a \"John Brown\" has increased the \"military spirit\" in Virginia; asks about Lloyd; discusses books he has read and that she recommends; describes their daily schedule and when she has time to read; discusses food in season; news of family and friends.","Prepares for battle; states that he is ready to do his duty for his country; mentions that the Continentals lost two men in the engagement the day before.","Regrets that he cannot keep their date for the afternoon due to Army business.","Scope and Contents Mentions her husband's attack of dysentery; family news; gives news of friends and family; hopes war will soon be over so that the family can all be together; expresses religious feelings; wishes that they could write more freely; tells him to send his letters to E. J. Lee in Maryland who will forward them South to them. Including note, from Selina (Lloyd) Powell, Winchester, Virginia, to \"Charlie,\" Charles L. Powell, Jr., , relating more family news.","Asks for specific items of clothing to be sent because he does not know when he can return home; refers to Haresack? and asks that she make him a smaller one.","Includes description of L. Powell.","Description of how Lloyd Powell was shot in battle of Manassas; details of his personal characteristics and attitudes.","Scope and Contents Expresses sympathy in regard to Lloyd Powell's death; offers comforting words from the Bible. Including letter, from Sue P. Lee, Lexington, Va. to Nina Powell, Winchester, Virginia, 1861 July 29, offering condolences on the death of her brother, Lloyd Powell.","Thanks Nina for her letter of sympathy concerning the death of her mother; gives news of her brothers and sisters; says that she has terminated her relations with cousin R.? because she could not marry a first cousin; discusses their friendship.","Complains of poor postal service; tells him of Lloyd Powell's death; remembers about Lloyd's characteristics and qualities; says that typhoid fever is spreading in the town; talks about her servants; family news; reports of Willie Lee Chilton's death, a second cousin; expresses religious view.","Love letter to her; proposes marriage to her and her guardian and asks for a reply.","Signed also by J. R. Bowen, Justice of the Peace, stating that Charles L. Powell, Jr. has taken necessary oaths to become Deputy Marshal. . Including on verso, document, from Brigadier General James H. Carson, 1861 October 24, Charles L. Powell, Jr. permission to cross back and forth over enemy lines.","Thanks her for package she sent him; describes his situation and effects of the Civil War.","Thanks her for cap she sent him; his company is located at the \"Big Spring\" near Mr. Gray's.","States that 'Yankees' were in Shepherdstown, WVa. a few nights ago; family news; sends condolences on loss of her brother Lloyd Powell.","Sympathizes upon loss of Nina's brother, Lloyd Powell; relates her story of when her father died; expresses indebtedness to Nina's mother Selina (Lloyd) Powell; mentions sickness prevalent in Winchester, Va.; discusses her brother's Bob Lucas experiences as a soldier; Charles L. Powell, Sr., has accepted position in Richmond; news of spending summer at Col. LaRue's in Clarke to escape the Yankees.","Thanks her for a cap she made and sent to him; expecting to go to camp soon; some family news.","Tells of explosion that a Mr. Hubard caused trying to perfect something like \"Greek fire\" to sell to the government, similar to a powder to use in shells; describes condition of Mr. Hubard, his subsequent operations and death.","Scope and Contents Wanted to give her news from Winchester, Virginia, but \"the spy\" had to burn his information for fear it would fall into enemy hands; tells stories of houses being searched by soldiers; news of friends and relatives; decorated with \"Confederate States of America\" seal.","Trying to catch up with Stonewall Jackson's troops; describes camp life and strategy concerning the Yankees.","Possibility of 'Yankees' taking Richmond; discusses importance of trust in God during battles; inquires about Robert Lee.","General information on troop movements; mentions Battle of Williamsburg.","Describes being a member of Jackson's Army; mentions \"Rockbridge Artillery\" being full; family news. Decorated with \"Liberty and Union\" seal.","Stonewall Jackson captured two entire enemy regiments; enemy took part of Central Railroad; troop movements.","Family news; disappointment about not being able to be with Stonewall Jackson in his last fight.","Discusses the family's living arrangements; thanks her for finding a home for her to stay in, but feels it would be less imposing if she stayed where Nina is teaching in Prince Edward County; hopes that they can all live together soon; rejoices over Jackson's victory in retaking the \"old town\"; says that the Garlands have been very kind during her stay with them; discusses her traveling plans.","Death of friends, Willie Gray and Marshall Barton; death of various others in war including Turner Asby; talks of having made herself a sun-bonnet; news of family and friends.","Speaks of getting a job as a clerk in Major Vaun's office; information about Stonewall Jackson's victories; reports Colonel Ashby's death.","Reviews routine activities; much family and friend news; discusses Stonewall Jackson's troops.","Scope and Contents Everyone feeling ill and weighing less; family news; possible fighting in Richmond, Virginia; Stonewall Jackson is at Hanover Junction, Va.; problem with fleas.","He cannot get into the Rockbridge Artillery; she is staying with a Col. and Mrs. Tucker; battle of Richmond has begun; family news.","Scope and Contents Got position as a clerk in the Quarter Master's Office under Capt. Irwin, first cousin of Selina (Lloyd) Powell; Stonewall Jackson's army passed through Gordonsville about a week ago; talks of deserters from both sides wandering in mountains west of Winchester, Va.; South won battle in Richmond, Virginia","Scope and Contents Got position as a clerk in the Quarter Master's Office under Capt. Irwin, first cousin of Selina (Lloyd) Powell; Stonewall Jackson's army passed through Gordonsville about a week ago; talks of deserters from both sides wandering in mountains west of Winchester, Va.; South won battle in Richmond, Virginia","Scope and Contents Fighting around Richmond, Virginia; Stonewall Jackson's Army arrived to help; describes strategies and events of war.","Details about progress of the war; family news.","Scope and Contents Personal experience in Army. Including newspaper clipping of a poem by John. R. Thompson, entitled \"Ashby\" from a Richmond, Virginia newspaper dated 1862 June 13 , about the war.Verso is Rebecca Powell to Selina (Lloyd) Powell.","Scope and Contents Makes reference to Stonewall Jackson's army and his efforts in Richmond, Virginia; relates events of war and involvement of friends and relatives; family news.","Discusses people she knows who have been wounded or killed in the war; refers to battles at Richmond and Chickahominy, Va.; family news.","Expresses disappointment that her parents didn't get to visit her; complains of \"M's\" temper; gives list of supplies that she has purchased or ordered.","Preparing to go to Gordonsville to join Braxton's Battery; family news.","Has joined Braxton's artillery; give details of battles and accounts of those wounded and killed.","Describes battle between his battery and the 'Yankees;' describes Captain Braxton.","He has jaundice; personal account of stay in Richmond; discusses salary; accounts of the war.","Charles L. Powell, Jr. was killed; added to letter later her husband is still yellow with jaundice; saw the President Davis and his wife; family news.","Explains events of Charles L. Powell, Jr.'s death near Warrenton Springs, Va.; includes sketch of battlegrounds.","Town gossip; tells story of a Dr. Conrad's arrest and ordeal; family news.","Talks of our troops making it into Maryland; family news; prevalence of typhoid fever; discusses Southern attitudes about the Civil War, and Northerners.","Religious account and explanation of Charles L. Powell, Jr.'s death.","Informs her of \"Charley's Charles L. Powell, Jr. death; encloses a copy of Capt. Carter M. Braxton's report of the events leading to Charles L. Powell's death.","Offers sympathy for the loss of his son, Charles L. Powell, Jr.; describes the death of their sister Ellen Powell Gray; reports on the welfare of Ellen's family - Mr. William Gray, Kate and Arthur; news of family. Including letter from \"Mother\" Selina L. Powell, to Hattie Powell. Discusses the state of their belongings in their former house in Winchester and what will be sold through cousin Sarah Powell Conrad; says if they do not intend to return, then it should all be sold.","Thanks her for her sympathy upon death of Rebecca's brother, Charles L. Powell, Jr.; expresses religious views; family news.","Responds to news of Charles L. Powell, Jr.'s death; family news; reports on her own health.","Includes description of Charles L. Powell and the battle. (Newspaper clipping.)","Scope and Contents Lots of family and town news; mentions that army is located near her in Winchester, Virginia","Gives her daily routine schedule; involved in knitting for the soldiers; doesn't seem to think 'Yankees' will approach Richmond, Va.; remembers her son \"Charley\" Charles L. Powell, Jr. often.","Discusses their friendship and situation of the Civil War.","Expresses sympathy for the death of her brother, Charles L. Powell, Jr.; describes in detail the death of her mother, Ellen Powell Gray and reveals her feelings concerning it; gives news of their Powell relatives.","Discusses daily routine; problem with typhoid fever; family news.","Family news.","Comments on incidents of typhoid fever; family news; discusses her minister and baptism of a baby.","Describes circumstances of her daughter Annie's sickness and death; offers sympathy for death of Charles L. Powell, Jr.; family news; including recital of Fenella's funeral rites; \"Earth to Earth, Dust to Dust...\".","Discusses business matters in Winchester that she is taking care of for Charles L. Powell; discusses the ear and the situation in Winchester; sends him some books, stating that the 'Yankees' carried off the rest of them; reports of a proposed armistice.","Describes sickness causing a delirious state for a few days; family news; knitting as a popular pastime; discusses weather; 'Yankees' still have Gloucester Point as a fort; soldiers suffering from \"rot\" that kills them.","Scope and Contents Discusses John Milton's works; family news; Longstreet's Corps has occupied many points near Culpeper Court House. 2 pages. letter signed. Including note signed from Nina Powell, Kenmuir, Louisa County, Va. to \"sister\" either Hattie or Rebecca Powell, , 1862 November 5, reporting family news. Also including note from Selina Powell,Kenmuir, Louisa County, Va.. Expresses grief over Annie Lee's death; asks about Robert E. Lee; prevalence of typhoid fever; describes weather and landscape; 'Yankees' did not disturb Charles L. Powell, Jr.'s grave; family news.","Sends this letter with a letter from Hunter, her brother; comments that Hattie has now been gone from Winchester eight months; says life is fine when Confederate soldiers are in Winchester, but that it is miserable when the 'Yankees' come; says General Jackson has visited them and has his headquarters on the road to Front Royal; says he gave her his photograph and he will send a copy; writes that they are working very hard because the few servants in town are cooking for the soldiers; lists people who will leave town if the 'Yankees' return; says Cousin Betty looks unwell because she works so hard in the hospitals ; writes that they only have 500 sick beds in the hospitals; mentions the destruction by 'Yankees' in other counties; fears they will soon suffer.","Sends thanks for present he received because it will be useful during the winter; expresses desire for peace in the country.","Family news; expresses concern that the Southern army is suffering from a lack of clothes.","Expresses her feelings of loneliness, as she lives among strangers; expresses other worries of disease and of the war; discusses problems with diphtheria in the neighborhood; comments on the shortage of men in the neighborhood, in particular healthy, attractive ones; discusses the hardships of Uncle Prosser and Aunt ReBecca whose former servants burnt much of their property; news of friends and family.","Discusses the condition of Charles L. Powell's estate and what business has been transacted; lists what articles from their home have been sold, commenting that most people in Winchester are not buying things because they are leaving to journey \"up the Valley\"; reports that 4000 men are guarding Winchester, that some tobacco has been burned, and that preparation for evacuation is underway; describes 'Yankee' attacks in Charlestown; comments on the effect of the fear of attack on everyone in the town; gives news of friends.","Scope and Contents Comments on problems with influenza; refers to a Capt. Duff and his defense of Leesburg, Virginia; gives news of town since troops have arrived; family news.","Makes references to the Clarke Cavalry and a Capt. Carter; possessions have been pillaged and towns have been ruined; has to quit farming because of war.","Wishes Nina a Happy Birthday; refers to God and asks to enter his Kingdom; mentions a friend who died from diphtheria; discusses Stonewall Jackson's opposition to the enemy at Port Royal, Va.; family news.","Discusses everyone's fear of diphtheria; family news.","Makes references to Gen. Robert E. Lee's victories; lots of family news.","Expresses the difficulty of losing so many brave men in the war.","Reminisces about their last Christmas together; discusses the slaves and their ability to be dangerous.","Scope and Contents Expresses desire for peace and to return to Winchester, Virginia; much town and family news; sorry they can't spend Christmas together.","She has been ill with a cough and cold; family news.","Inquires about a John Tabb; tells activities of Kate Gordon who is staying with them; mentions a bombazine fine twilled silk fabric; people looking for teaching positions; family news.","Lots of town and family news.","Problems with smallpox; family news; mentions Judge Lee's ? suicide. .","Her husband, Charles L. Powell, Sr., is still looking for a teaching job; recommends reading as a worthwhile hobby.","Describes how her family spent Christmas; thanks her for the cap she made for her brother Rob; discusses the sadness of Hattie's Christmas; discusses friendship; reports that she heard from Mary ? who is living behind Union lines in King George.","Mentions a Col. Tucker?; talks about her personal health; refers to the \"conscript act\"; gives impressions of deaths resulting from the Civil War and ideas of a forthcoming peace; family news.","Family news; refers to robbery of all servants; tells stories of confrontations with the enemy and experiences while at war; discusses food he has to eat; mentions has heard news of Grandma's death; mentions William Edmonson Jones.","family news; discusses her pay for tutoring.","Mentions their father's new employment in Greenville; news of family and friends.","Scope and Contents Family news; describes some of daily activities.Including N. C. E.?, to Nina Powell, , post 1863 March 13 giving neighborhood news.","Scope and Contents Comments on Cavalry's victory in Culpeper, Va.; describes poverty situation in Winchester, Virginia, as result of Civil War; discusses situations in Romney, West Virginia; family news.","Gives information on job prospects; family news.","Found a teaching job in Powhatan; describes location and plans to build a house.","Comments on his activities in the Army; refers to \"the Picketts;\" tells of damage and destruction in Winchester, Va., as a result of 'Yankee' invasion.","Comments on experiences in Army; expresses sadness that young men can't receive education during the war; family news; states that Tip? Powell and Frank Grady were captured in Loudoun, Va.","Discusses clothes; family news; says they will visit Shirley Plantation soon; says Mary? must remain within the Union lines because the only way to leave is to walk eighteen miles at night, carrying baggage; mentions Robert E. Lee, George Washington, and Custis Lee.","Mentions interest in soldiers, especially the South Carolina gentlemen; talks about sources of entertainment; family news.","Describes his house and surroundings; family news.","Mentions \"taking bitters (a tea) made of sarsaparilla root\" for strength and to purify her blood; expresses hopes for war to soon be over; 'Yankees' now have Fauquier under their control; family news; refers to receiving news through the Enquirer.","Scope and Contents Discusses when the family members will see each other; gives news of Powell relatives at Locust Hill; says that goods cannot be sent to them from Locust Hill Leesburg, Virginia because of a blockade; inquires about the fighting in Fredericksburg.","Talks about General Stuart's decision to review his Division; refers to great loss at Battle of Chancellorsville in the death of General \"Stonewall\" Jackson; describes events of war near Rowlesburg, WVa.; comments on his troops various attacks on different Railroads; gives details about other battles.","Family news; comments on how quickly her chickens are dying.","Discusses fighting in the Civil War and loss of servants; family news and sick and wounded from Battle of Gettysburg.","Comments on war, pestilence and famine; discusses the Civil War.","States that Nina Powell has been recommended to him to take care of his children as well as tutoring them; requests response to his offer.","Discusses pillaging by the Union troops; comments on men who have given their lives for the southern cause; family news.","Comments on scarcity of various staples; offers her $300 to come and teach his children.","Scope and Contents Discusses \"keeping house\" and how much it costs to do so; family news; comments on the Battle of Manassas.Including note from ?, , to Hatty sic Powell, , undated, discussing delivery of enclosed note to Custis Lee.","Attempts to appease Nina's apprehensions about coming to Hanover County if the enemy is there; wants her to begin working the first of October.","Offer to substitute himself for William Henry Fitzhugh Lee as a Northern prisoner of War.","Family news; questions Nina about her \"beaux\" and his courting ways; discusses education.","Refers to burning her previous letter in case of a fight whence it could become public; relates news of troops; family news; discusses fight from the Rappahannock to the Rapidan Rivers.","Scope and Contents Family news.","Lots of family news; states that a man named Taylor Johns has fallen in love with Nina Powell; discusses situation at the Stringfellow's, where Nina now lives.","Discusses in detail his new teaching position; family information.","Gives cotton prices as $3.75 a yard; discusses Battle at Manassas; family news.","Comments on her husband's new position in Albemarle; family news; mentions some events in reference to the Civil War.","Says she saw her father Charles L. Powell, Sr. on his way to move into Cousin R's?; describes her trip to Charlottesville; expresses satisfaction that her mother is able to stay with Uncle Fred and Lute; reports she has eleven scholars.","Family news; discusses her job as a teacher; discusses \"preserving with molasses\"; expresses anger and confusion about Nina's beaux David ?","Discusses his teaching position.","Family news.","Gives opinion on attitudes of young people; family news; expresses interest in religion.","Discusses plans for Christmas, including costs involved and where they can stay; discusses death of Cousin? Temple Grady and its effect on other relatives; discusses teaching and their role in the war effort.","Refers to a battle at Chattanooga, Tennessee; and General Longstreet; discusses cotton and its discount price of $18 a bale; comments on young gentlemen who have come to visit her; other town and family news.","Thanks Hattie for her kind gift of a Bible; gives details of present experience as a soldier in the Civil War; expresses sadness for those who died in the battle.","Mentions a Carrie Hobson's death resulting from a \"perforation of the bowels\" (typhoid fever); family and town news; mentions Temple Grady's brother of C. Powell Grady? death; refers to having some corsets made.","Family news.","Family news; expresses concern about \"national affairs;\" discusses religious point of view.","Family news; discusses General Bragg and his great ability as a leader.","Family news; states that he met Mr. Seddon, Secretary of War and they discussed Judah Benjamin; gives some views of what is happening with the Civil War.","Mentions General Longstreet's retreat from Knoxville, Tenn.; comments on giving Nina some linen for \"sleeves or sleeve bands;\" family news; discusses harvesting of crops; comments on threats that \"Yanks\" are making.","Discusses insufficiency of cotton crops; mentions that her son is on a war vessel, in the ocean, \"larger than the Florida and the Alabama.\"","Family news.","Refers to travel by carriage; discusses mailing \"bleached cotton;\" family news.","Mentions story where 'Yankees' come into towns and arrest Southerners; refers to daguerreotypes; writes a poem/prayer to God about grief he and others have experienced.","Wishes Nina a Merry Christmas since she (Nina) will be together with her parents; family news.","Discusses the inclement weather; states that she had butter and tea for celebration on Christmas morning; gives price of calico as $ 6 per yard.","Comments on her friends spending New Year's Eve at the President's; mentions walking to the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, Virginia; family news; refers to cotton vs. bleached cotton; discusses typhoid fever; comments on subject of religion.","Family news; expresses hopes for an end to the Civil War; mentions a book, \"Home Influency\" that deals with raising children.","Mentions losing her heart to a Lieutenant Blackford; family news.","Mentions having forgotten Nina's birthday and becoming more absent minded; states that demonstrating affection in public is not good practice; gives advice and opinion on men and courting; has put \"vie dollars in gold and $25 in Virginia. Bank notes\"; and discusses school teaching; family news.","Has been suffering from sickness similar to typhoid fever; mentions that many servants have the measles; states that the key to her watch is worn out and she cannot wind it.","Offers advice about teaching; has seen John C. Pemberton; family news.","Discusses her illness typhoid fever?; describes her Christmas diversions.","Comments on how he misses having the women in his family at home; family news; discuses some aspects of the Civil War; mentions Robert Young Conrad.","Family news; expresses hope that the Civil War will soon end; expresses grief of her Mother's death.","Expresses concern about Hattie Powell's sickness; family news and town gossip; mentions some of the types of food they've been eating; talks about \"yanks\" and their disruptiveness; mentions Robert Young Conrad.","Gives Nina advice on how to terminate her engagement with John Dupuy; writes of the death of Hunter McGuire's sister, May; says she now has twelve scholars; news of family and friends; discusses books and mentions Robert Young Conrad.","Says she has been busy knitting gloves, sewing, teaching, nursing, and being sick; says she is nearly \"well and fat\" again; says that her hair has not started to come back yet, but that when it does, she has been told to shave it; asks who Nina's friend Lizzie is; describes people she has met; reports where troops are; discusses ways she is trying to get cotton.","Advises Minnie not to be grieved about their mother's death; some family news.","Article in which Jefferson Davis praises the Confederate soldiers for their \"devotion and self-sacrifice,\" and assures them of their capabilities against the declining enemy; also includes a commentary about Davis' speech, stating that the present spirit of the South has never been paralleled in history.","Congratulates Nina on her engagement to John J. Dupuy; discusses their friendship; news of family and friends.","Family news.","Mentions a girl's death from diphtheria; refers to traveling by train; discusses blockade of the Potomac River; comments on greenbacks and their value; refers to the 'Yankee Congress;' general Civil War news.","Gives consent for him to marry Nina after listing the pros and cons of the situation.","Town news and family news; refers to knitting as a past time; states that her hair has not begun to \"come out yet\".","Discusses her new beau; much family and town news; refers to events of the Civil War and the Powhatan troops.","Says that her employer, Mrs. Stringfellow, has offered to allow her two weeks for Easter; asks permission to come home; gives detailed plans on how she could get there cheaply; says the \"troops\" will return before Easter; asks if her father is coming home for the holiday.","Discusses selection of a minister; comments on her knitting for the soldiers; town gossip and family news.","Discusses sale of a draft on New York for $625.","Thanks her for gloves she knitted and set to him.","Comments on her sister's problem with inflammatory rheumatism; much town and family news; tells stories of soldiers who have returned home; comments on lack of patriotism in the country; mentions readying.","Tells of a shopping trip she took to Charlottesville, and the people she saw; describes a visit to see their father at Cousin R. Nowland's; discusses the new tax law, the \"panic,\" and the new monetary issue; news of friends and family; mentions reading.","Makes reference to needing a straw-splitter; discusses financial situation; comments on Nina's engagement to \"Brother John\" Dupuy?","Mentions interruption of communications due to Yankee Raid; states that he sat near Gen. Robert E. Lee and Mr. Edmund Lee on a train car and talked with them; describes conversation; discusses the events of the Civil Warincluding Lee's near capture by Custis' divisionary raid through Albemarle County, during the Kilpatrick - Dahlgren Raid on Richmond; mentions Holmes Conrad.","Much town news; discusses 'Yankees' and their progression; comments on her attempts to hide her silver on her body in order to keep it from the Yankees.","Family news; expresses religious views.","Family news; discusses events of the Civil War; including raid by Custis on Albemarle; mentions Holmes Conrad.","Family news.","Discusses the weather; much town and family news.","Says her Easter plans have been cancelled because of the snow storm; mentions how close she (Nina) has been to the Union troops; says she feels much better and now weights 114 pounds; reports on fatal measles in the area; reports on how she has spent her time with Captain Morgan.","Sends her a letter from Kate?","Discusses buying and selling cotton; comments on college opportunities; family news.","Family news and town gossip; comments on gold lace on the coats of those who make rank of Captain.","Family news; refers to Nina's grandmother's Anne Harriotte (Lee) Lloyd death; discusses 'Yankees' and their progress; mentions Robert Young Conrad.","Comments on reading as a pastime and mentions ? Cooper's novels; family news; refers to 'Yankees' taking hostages; mentions Robert Young Conrad.","Describes her daily schedule; reports how their Aunt Jeanie Lloyd and Aunt ReBecca are doing in relation to the war; describes social visits; mentions an Aunt Nannie; news of family and friends.","Discusses weather and its effects on gardens and crops; comments on 'Yankees' and news about the Civil War; family news.","Family news; comments on news of the Civil War.","Gives detailed description of fighting near Beaver Dam, Va., as told to her by some of the soldiers; mentions visit by Gen. Stuart; describes other events of the war from personal point of view.","Family news; discusses struggle on the Rapidan River; tells of other Civil War news.","Scope and Contents Discusses general battle news; expresses concern about struggle in Hanover County, Virginia.","Discusses events of the war; comments on actions of Yankees.","Scope and Contents Comments on armies being at Hanover Junction and expresses her concern and fears; refers to burning of Powhatan depot by Union troops. Including note from Selina (Lloyd) Powell, Charlotte County, Va., to Nina Powell, Verdon, Hanover County, Virginia, 1864 May 24, correcting some spelling errors.","Expresses relief that the 'Yankees' did not come through the area where Nina is; says that her father wants her Nina to leave soon because of the danger; says things are so scarce in Charlotte that there would not be enough to feed her; expresses relief that Nina is not living between the two railroads; says the news they get about the war is encouraging, but she thinks the conflict will be a long one; discusses plans to get the family together.","Refers to battle of Vicksburg; tells of other developments of the Civil War.","Refers to a cousin, Mrs. Randolph Tucker whose house is at the corner of Grace and Adams street in Richmond; family news.","Asks about Nina's daily schedule and when she says prayers; expresses sorrow that Hattie's teaching position near Nina did not work out; tells her she must be self-reliant; says she is waiting to find out if she can join Mr. Powell; discusses the fashions of hats; sends her respects to Mr. Stringfellow.","Much town and family news.","Describes her social schedule; encourages her to pursue a relationship with Willie Booker; news of family.","Recounts all he has been doing for the past two years (has been in charge of a prison).","Asks Nina to change her mind and work for them another year; claims they are safe from the 'Yankees' and that the war will soon be over; praises her teaching of their three girls.","Discusses Union troops' burning of houses in Richmond; gives views on death; family news.","Comments on typhoid fever; family news.","Family news. Mentions not being able to find a nail-brush in the city and forgot India ribbon; comments on 'Yankees' treating people badly; refers to buying lip-glue at Randolph's Book Store; discusses her (Nina's), new house.","Describes Mr. Powell's teaching position with the Scott family; says he is trying to find a place near him for her to stay; says there was a Yankee raid near where he is staying; discusses where friends who are soldiers are stationed; mentions families who are looking for wounded soldiers to employ as teachers.","Much family and town news.","Comments on symptoms of the \"fever\"; expresses religious beliefs concerning deaths resulting from battles; family news and town news.","Family news; discusses teacher's pay.","Much family and town news; inquires about her new home in Richmond, Va..","Discusses one of Nina's pupils and how Nina should act towards the family that is employing her; mentions arrangements to exchange a pair of shoes; reports on friends and family; reports on \"her Willie,\" and where he is stationed; mentions soldiers for whom she has knitted gloves.","Discusses the suitability of Mr. Starke's teaching offer for her mother.","Chides Nina for not writing her; asks if she is spending all her time with Willie Dupuy, who has a wounded shoulder; reports on what she has done socially; asks her to get some cartridges for her pistol when she buys some for her own gun; says Minna Booker is to be married November fourth; discusses sewing.","Transcription of cross hatch letter by Alison Herring:","\nBlenheim  October 24th","Sunday morning [1864]","\nWell my lady-love do you know","that it has been almost three weeks","since the arrival of your last letter","to me, and two weeks since I answered","it, and not a line have I had from","you since, no nor a word from either","Pa or Sis since the 9th of the month.","you all must think I am dead, buried,","and forgotten, at least you quite forget","that I get the blues horribly shut up here","in the country when none of you write","to me. I got a letter from Ma on Friday","last the very first letter I had had from","anyone for 10 days, or from anybody","but her for 16.  I have no correspondents this","year at all except you all \u0026 you ought to","write to me often.  And pray miss what are","you so occupied with that you can't find","time to write, friend Markoe or your","poor dear wounded Willie.  I hear through","a letter from Aunt Bec to Ma that you","have spent the day with her, \u0026 thro' Mrs","Stewart that John Tabb was at church","with you and [?] Powell. I suppose","you have not been so quiet that you","[Page 2]","had nothing to write about and I","am just disposed to be charitable","towards you at all, so if you want to","get into my good graces you had better","set yourself right down \u0026 write me","two or three good long letters.  Mother","writes me that Willie Dupuy is at","home wounded in the shoulder \u0026","Capt Watkins in the hand but neither","of them dangerously, however.  I suppose","you have heard all about them, tis not","worth while for me to tell you, and","I reckon Willie will manage to see","Miss Nina before he returns to the army.","Have you ever heard anything from","Mr. Markoe since you went down","in the cars with him, Sis seemed to","think you are decidedly smitten.","Well I suppose as you are so long writing","to me you hardly care to hear what I","have been doing, so I have a great mind","not to tell you, and in fact I hardly","quite know where to begin it has been","so long but just for my own gratification","I will try.  Mr. Willis Hobson has three","South Carolinians at his house, sent from","the hospital, they have been there a long","time very sick \u0026 are just now getting","well enough to visit about. One of them","is a Col Dogan, without exception","\n[Page 3]","\nthe rudest, most boisterous, vulgar","man I ever saw, well yesterday week","I heard his voice down stairs \u0026","knew he had come to stay all day","so I dressed myself, slipped out the","back way and went over to old","Mrs. Hurt's to spend the day.  I had a","very pleasant day indeed, I found","her [?] an exceedingly intelligent","agreeable girl, I took to her very much","indeed \u0026 I think she did to me, but","she has just lost her father so the vis-","iting will have to be all on my side","for a while.  When I get back in the even-","ing here was Col D still \u0026 he staid until","Wednesday.  Sunday I went down to Eman-","ual and saw Fannie, she was as sweet \u0026 Cordi-","al as ever, she seemed so glad to see me \u0026 says","she is coming up for me soon some Fri-","day evening.  Monday night Mr. [Reich?] a","Marylander belonging to the 3rd Cavalry","staid here all night.  I found him a","very agreeable gentleman I forgot to","say that Sunday while we were at din-","ner Mrs. W. Hobson came over \u0026 brought","her Cousin young Bolling, son of Mr. Robert","Bolling of Fauquier, and brother of Hunter","[Page 4]","McGuires old friend of Philadelphia Dr. B","and Mr. Venning one of the S.C. especial-","ly to see me and I enjoyed their visit","very much indeed.  Mr. Bolling is only","18 but he is six feet tall very handsome","and very agreeable.  Mr. V sings very well","and is a quiet gentlemanly widower but","nothing remarkable.  Tuesday evening Mrs.","H sent a horse for me \u0026 I went over there \u0026","staid all night, and then saw the third","S.C. a Dr. Waring a married man, and","one of the most accomplished elegant","gentlemen I have ever met with. I","came home on horseback Wednesday morning","in time for school \u0026 when I came out of school","found Cousin John here.  He says if it is good","weather next Friday he is coming up to take","me down to his house to stay until Sun-","day where I will come home with the Dr.","from church.  Thursday all the gentlemen","from Mr. H's spent the day here, and Fri-","day Mr. B left this county, but he is a paroled","prisoner and if he is not exchanged soon","will come back.  Friday evening Mrs. H \u0026 my-","self walked over to Mrs. Goodmans one of ","our nearest neighbors \u0026 I paid my first","visit there, and her son who went down","in the cars the day you did with Bell","Stewart, walked home with me.  He is a plain","honest, good, solider, but not over burdened","[sideways on page 1]","with intellect.  He says he is coming over to see me this week","and going to bring his pistol for me to practice shooting with","but I doubt whether he does. By the way have you ever been able","to get cartridges for your pistol, if you have I wish you would","get some for me, \u0026 if you haven't get John Tabb to look for some","for you \u0026 me too, I have only two \u0026 I want some very much.","And now, I come to the very purpose for which my let-","ter is written which is to tell you that Dr. Hobson is going","to Richmond this week, probably on Tuesday, the same day","this letter will go, but I shall send this by mail, as there","will be a chance of your getting it sooner, \u0026 I shall send","you by him the handkerchief, collar, \u0026 [shirt sleeves?] for your","silk dress \u0026 a little of my perfume but it did not turn","out well, it will I think do to put in hair oil but that is all.","\n[sideways across page 2]","\nThe Dr. will stay at Mr. Stewart for about two days I reckon","so if you have gotten cartridges \u0026 have a chance I wish","you would send me some by him.  Have you made your","alpaca dress yet \u0026 how did you make it particularly","the sleeves. I have not picked mine yet nor considered","what to do with it, but Minna Booker is to be married the","4th of next month \u0026 I think I must make it by that","time. I had a present sent me the other day of 3 yds","of unbleached cotton to make a chemise.  I have done","nothing lately except patch a few old clothes \u0026 knit","on my [opra?] stockings for next summer in fact","I have nothing to do.  Well I believe I have exhaust-","ed myself of my subjects too so I will stop, but","mind I expect two letters in answer to this. I am","very anxious to know what Mother will do, and","rather hope she will go to Albemarle, tho' I should","like her to be near you, or I think we could go to","see her there.  Write soon to your own loving","Sister Hattie","\nMonday.  Dr. H's is so unwell today he thinks he will not","be able to go to Richmond this week and don't know when","he will go so I shall not be able to send your things yet. I","got an invitation yesterday to Minna's wedding next Thurs-","day week.  I am much inclined to go, if the Dr. Don't for-","bid which he seems to be inclined to do. Mrs. H is very anx-","\n[Sideways on page 3]","\nious that I should go.  If I go I shall want my new","dress \u0026 shall have to set to work immediately to make","it, so if you have a new dress pattern, send it to me by","mail at once, I can get a pattern of the yoke come-","ing [waist?], Mag Harris has it.  Yours truly,","H.L.P.","Complains about difficulties in the teaching profession; family news.","Describes her situation at the Garrett's, teaching Lizzie and others; emphasizes the importance of letter writing now that they are apart; discusses Mr. Irving's? failing health; says Lizzie has diphtheria; describes social events; discusses Nina's problems with teaching Blanche; reports on friends who have been wounded or killed in the war; asks bout Cousin Mary Lee and Cousin Emily.","Reports that her brother Rob has been wounded and may have to have his leg amputated; says her brother Jimmie is in Charleston where there is much yellow fever; says they work all day without rest; more family news.","Gives advice on how Nina should manage one of her pupils; reports on what she is doing; discusses clothes; mentions Minna's wedding.","Gives reasons why she hasn't written of late; describes her brother's episode of being shot in the hand and its effects; comments on number of men that are off at war and says that those who remain are \"quaking\"; family news; expresses hope that God will get them through \"these difficulties.\"","Describes her social activities; discusses balancing work and pleasure; news of family and friends.","Asks about her \"new home\" in Richmond and her \"new occupation\" with Mrs. Paleski; describes Minna's wedding; says the weather was so bad that no one could go home, so the reception lasted all night; reports what she has done socially; describes in detail a dress she just made.","Expresses joy that Nina and their mother can live close to each other; reports on her social activities; discusses plans for Christmas; mentions how well the Confederate Cavalry is doing; discusses friends that are soldiers, and which of them she has knitted gloves for.","Describes a preacher, Mr. McGill, who is visiting; describes social events; discusses clothes she is making; questions Junius Powell's decision to go to Bermuda instead of joining the army; mentions Harry Harrison Mrs. Huge's brother who came home after a prisoner at Fort Delaware. .","Discusses how her home was destroyed; details experiences with the Yankees; comments on incarceration of many Southerners in northern prisons and their suffering; family news.","Describes her trip to Charlottesville and the people she visited, including cousin Gert; mentions Sally's? death; says she must soon accept an offer for teaching from Mr. Frank Cabell; discusses depreciation of money; mentions a cousin Ann and a cousin Laura; reports that Tip Powell was taken prisoner.","Discusses the bad weather and muddy roads, says she has not heard from Custis Lee, for whom she made gloves; discusses clothes and Christmas plans; tells Nina to \"change her dress\" whenever she desires, since she will always mourn inside; says she and Rebecca will change theirs in the spring; discusses the problems Winchester is having with the Yankees; mentions Minna's wedding.","Discusses a prospective teaching job for her and his plan for her.","Family news; begs her to spend Christmas with them.","Expresses happiness that her mother and father will finally be able to live together again; comments on Nina Powell's loss of hair; refers to suffering Loudoun County, due to Yankees; family news; describes how a friend spends time trying to find hiding places for her possessions.","Describes a \"homespun\" dress that she has; family news; describes weather; tells her to go to a Christmas get-together where she can met many people, including Robert E. Lee, Custis Lee, and perhaps \"our beloved President\" Jefferson Davis; later mentions rumors that President Davis may be dead.","Mentions pastime crocheting a cap; comments on delay of mail; discusses ordering some supplies from her sister; refers to troop movement on \"the Danville road\"; family news.","Scope and Contents Describes social activities; urges Nina to spend Christmas in Richmond with Cousin Emily; discusses cotton and where to buy it. Including fragment of letter from \"cousin\" Laurence B. Taylor, to ?, , undated, stating that he hopes they will see much of each other in Albemarle County.","Discusses the difficulties of sending mail; inquires about their mother's health; news of friends and the war.","Thanks her for the gauntlets, testament, and book of psalms that she sent him.","Tells what she did during Christmas holidays; discusses her job as a teacher as well as who and what subjects she teaches; family and town news.","Comments on Robert E. Lee's thoughts that the South is in danger; discusses her knitting and whom she has made gloves for; states how she doesn't understand men; family news.","Discusses the possibility of Nina being engaged to Willie Dupuy; says she would like to know him better before she can consent; would like for her to make the final decision herself; says their engagement would last indefinitely because they are both poor and Willie was \"disabled\" from the war; asks her to consider these issues.","Scope and Contents Responds to her requesting permission to be engaged to Mr. William Dupuy?; gives feelings about entire situation; refers to evacuation of Richmond, Virginia.","Family news; asks her to send her stamps and black glazed cotton and to look for strawsplitters; describes episode of being thrown from horse.","Discusses how busy she is making gloves; mentions Nina's engagement/involvement with a \"brave, Christian soldier.\"","Discusses possibility of Nina moving to Norwood if Richmond is given up.","family news; discusses the bond between two who love each other.","Expresses happiness about Nina's now official engagement to Mr. William Dupuy; other family news.","Hattie Powell, Blenheim, Albemarle County, Va., to \"sister\" Rebecca Powell.","Gives advice on how to express feelings of love to her fiance, in her correspondence.","Gives her advice about her situation with Mr. Dupuy; tells her to make up her own mind and to be sure of his character and their love; advises that if she is certain that she wants to be engaged to him, then not to hold back her feelings and to show her trust; gives more advice.","Scope and Contents Family news; expresses her approval of William Dupuy as Nina's fiance. 4 pages. letter signed. Includes copy of letter, 1865 February 10 from William Dupuy to \"Sir\" Charles L. Powell, Sr., , discussing his and Nina's relationship and betrothal.","Gives advise on Nina's relationship with a young man Willie Dupuy; says that if they ever get married they would always be poor; discusses what he will want in a wife; discusses Nina's fear that her ways are not elegant enough for him because he was brought up in higher society; reveals her philosophy on how to act in society, how to view oneself, and how to act towards men to keep them interested.","Comments on attempts to regain some of their family possessions; discusses the break-up of Nina Powell's engagement; mentions Hattie Powell's arrival in Goochland, Va., family news.","Discusses Nina's problem with an employer, Mrs. Powell, and suggests other families she could work for; says she can spend $ 350 on material for summer clothing; discusses the plight of the South; reveals her feelings about Nina's engagement; describes a visit to Norwood where her parents are working for Mr. Cabell; reports that cousin Lizzie Powell, fourth daughter of Uncle Llew, is to be married; news of family and friends; mentions teaching.","Discusses materials for sewing dresses; expresses her anger at how Mrs. Powell (an employer) treated Nina; discusses her neighbors where she is teaching, saying none are suitable for Nina to live with and teach for; gives news of friends and family; says they have a soldier staying there; mentions teaching. Including newspaper clipping advertising for teachers.","Thanks her for presents she sent him; expresses hope of seeing her again soon.","Lots of family news; discusses Union troops.","Says Mr. Philip Cabell is stopping by \"Bremo\" on his way to Richmond, so she is taking this opportunity to send a letter; discusses opportunities for her to work with other families and how she should set this up; wishes she could come to see them but says it is impossible because the canal is \"broken up,\" the roads are bad, and the 'Yankees' destroyed the carriage; hopes that she is comfortable at General Cocke's; hopes that he doesn't mind her being there since he is a wealthy man. Letter is continued on a small slip of paper - advises on the different uses of \"shall\" and \"will\" in writing letters.","Expresses relief that she is safe after traveling through dangerous area; says that their parents had some trouble when traveling, and that they lost some clothes; discusses an offer to teach in Keysville, Charlotte County; reports battle action in the area; asks what she thinks about her giving her silver cup to \"the government;\" mentions the death of their aunt Ann's baby, Fannie.","Mentions sending carpet bags to her parents filled with necessary items she could spare; comments on 'Yankees' being on southside of the James River, Va. and dreading a raid.","Send the key to her bonnet box; mentions a cousin Kate Noland and an Aunt Bettie Conrad; news of family and friends.","Discusses surrender of Confederates in detail; expresses religious beliefs about result of the Civil War; describes battle in Richmond, Va..","Comments on prohibition from traveling North; mentions recognition by France and the French position; gives religious opinions; describes some of the remnants left by 'Yankees.'","Reports news of post-war events since Hattie receives no news in the country; expresses the sentiments and anxieties of those in an occupied city, discusses Robert E. Lee and his sons; reports rumors about Booth, Jefferson Davis, and the surrender of the army of Joseph E. Johnston to William T. Sherman; discusses the sacrifices of the last four years and where it has led.","Describes the people with whom she is staying; expresses joy that she feels comfortable in Richmond; says she hears rumors about whether Richmond will be given up or not; tells her to come to them if there is any danger; news about friends.","Describes a battle at Fort Jackson that she was able to witness from her cousin's house; says Hunter ? is the medical doctor of Ewell's Corps; mentions lack of provisions; says she had to work very hard last winter.","Refers to \"free negroes\" and the fall of Richmond; tells stories of robbers in various neighborhoods; discusses difficulty to have faith in God where there is so much suffering; also refers to bands of \"negro robbers\" and describes their actions.","Lots of family news; expresses sorrow and grief about living through these times.","Lots of family news; comments on problems with servants; refers to death of Lincoln and memorial service for him.","Reports that Mr. Cabell bought a horse from a Mississippi soldier; reports that a Yankee soldier came to the house asking for brandy; says that she and Fan ? are closing school for the summer; says she will soon come to Norwood to visit them.","Discusses health, says she has rheumatism; says they will stay in Richmond until July; tells their options of where to go; considers the cost of the Civil War; discusses the condition of President Davis, prisoner at Fort Monroe; says the \"Yankee officers\" are being kinder to Richmonders; says Pierrepont has just arrived in Richmond.","Reports she is staying with relatives but that it is so crowded, she will leave soon; says the house has been burned down, so they are living in log cabins; tells that she will soon go to Canada to visit her brother Horace; discusses where Nina could set up a school in that neighborhood.","Tells of her religious belief about the Civil War and how she prays daily; discusses subject of white vs. black labor; family news; comments on cruel treatment of \"our\" President Jefferson Davis; refers to a Dr. Hoge who denies trying to begin a colony in Brazil.","Expresses difficulty in accepting downfall of Confederacy; family news; discusses Nina's engagement to Willie Dupuy.","Family news.","Poem entitled \"The Bachelor's Consolation\" written by \"Goodman A. Bachelor.\"","Family news; comments on Nina's engagement; discusses situation with Black persons; comments on elections and how soldiers were put into many of the civil offices; plans for jousting tournament.","Discusses the family's moving to a new house and how they all can be reunited once again.","Discusses where they may move; says the 'Yankees' have possession of her home in Arlington; says the situation in Richmond is better since Pierrepont Pierpont arrived; gives news about family; mentions Robert E. Lee (1843-1914) and William Henry Fitzhugh Lee.","Discusses Nannie's ? wedding; says their father will need her Nina home for the opening of school; tells how she has been spending her time; discusses the school; reports that Mary ? is there; expresses fear for her Aunt Mary because of the threats of a Black uprisings in southern Virginia; asks if everything is going well between Nannie and Willie Booker.","Discusses the continuing uncertainties of where their family will live; says she will return to work at Mr. Cabell's because she cannot depend on family plans; describes her visit to Greenwood.","Discusses a horse riding jousting tournament and social event that followed; family news.","Reports travel plans; lists social events; news of friends; says she will begin at Mr. Cabell's in two weeks.","Says that she just realized that it is her 56th birthday; discusses some issues on etiquette; says that she is glad that she is pleased with her new house; has heard that the 'Yankees' are advancing on Charlottesville; says Gloucester is having problems with the Yankees, so she will not return there; expresses disappointment that Mr. Powell did not secure a certain job that would have allowed them all to live together; says that the Redds and the Bookers have been very kind to her and do not want her to leave; writes that the Dupuy's son Willie? has bullet wounds in both thighs and in the foot.","Family news.","Describes a boat trip she took with Sallie ? to Norwood; gives news of Mr. William Cabell; discusses literature; news of friends and family.","Says Hunter has a small (medical) practice; gives news about what her other brothers? are doing; says Willie is doing well despite the time he spent in prison; tells how he was marched by their home last winter by the 'Yankees' and taken to prison; tells how their house was used as a hospital, her family was put under arrest, and they were forced to live with the 'Yankees' for six months; expresses her hatred of the 'Yankees;' discusses how the last four years have changed her; tells how Gert ? was working in the hospitals and on the battle field, caught a disease and has been bedridden for the last thirteen months; says she was very weak last winter because of the hard work and anxiety; says she could no longer work in the hospitals because of how the sights of war affected her.","Scope and Contents Family news; comments on the meeting of Congress and its result on the restoration of southern property.","Writes about Presbyterian Conference she is attending; gives town and family news.","Scope and Contents Gives history of a family, telling which troop each son is in; comments on the scarcity of paper, which is why she is writing on the back of a letter written to her by her mother. Letter Including on back: Selina Powell, Charlotte Court House, Virginia, to \"daughter\" Hattie Powell. Asks her about her fever and if it is interfering with her teaching; says Mr. Powell visited her for a week; says she will stay in Charlotte all winter; mentions death of Carry Hobson.","Scope and Contents Sends her a pair of slippers which she made the best she could with the materials available; says she wanted to do something for her during \"these war times\"; says her father is not home yet; gives list of things Rebecca needs.","Discusses the importance of having nice handwriting; describes Kate's ? studies; grieves over how many have lost their homes and hopes that her daughter could have a couple of years off from teaching; says those who must have employment are happiest; writes of family and friends; discusses her Uncle G's ? method of teaching. Including attached insert saying that Mr. H. ? declined her father's services.","Describes the scene when the 'Yankees' came into the home of Dr. Robert Baldwin; says Dr. Baldwin was kicked out of town because he refused to pay a servant; describes how the town has changed since the Union troops have taken over; mentions a man named Milroy who seems to be their leader; gives news of family members many of whom have been sick; describes a puppy he has gotten; describes a battle in which many 'Yankees' were taken as prisoners; says Milroy has escaped and has gone to Washington; says all of her furniture is not sold and that they cannot try to sell it while the 'Yankees' are here; discusses Dr. Daniel Conrad's practice.","Asks what Jeanie ? will do all summer; says she has heard that all the carriage horses in Gloucester have been carried off; says she will go to Powhatan to join her husband who is working for Mr. Michaux; says the 'Yankees' are in Shepherdstown but that the Confederates have Winchester.","Speaks of the last four years, the excitement and the trials; discusses \"the college\" that Robert is involving with; discusses the difficulty of finding good help; describes their house, saying it is handsome to \"confederate eyes;\" expresses sadness that her home is still used by Union troops; discusses Alexandria.","Comments on the postal problems and hopes she has been receiving her letters; gives news of the Bookers; writes of her anxiety over how she Nina is and discusses her travel plans to Prince Edward; discusses where the 'Yankees' are stationed; writes of the family's plans for the summer.","Sends her cotton for stockings; comments on postal problems; discusses the safety of Richmond; discusses sewing and fashions; news of family and friends.","Discusses the dilemma of Southerns taking the \"oath\" with the Northerners so that they can protect their property.","Reports that Captain Watkins and Willie Dupuy have been wounded; says she does not know which battle they were in; news of friends; says she has heard from Mr. Powell recently; discusses dresses.","Says that she sent socks to Willie ? who is in the army; mentions the death of James Mcoughty?","Describes how to make Mrs. Sharpe's ? hat; describes Lute's hat; says she will get two or three hundred dollars in Northern money from an Uncle William.","34 items.","Discusses teaching; describes trip to Charlottesville and adventurous train ride; mentions Sandy Pendleton's ? wedding; discusses Trip's ? health.","Sends Rebecca a picture of Robert E. Lee, taken during the war (picture is dated 1866 January 20 ); writes of Lexington where they have just moved; gives news of family.","Describes her social activities; gives teaching position that Hattie is considering; reports that 'Yankees' are being strict in their town.","Discusses poor mail service; describes Alexandria as dull town with spirit of despondency, town may be forced into the District of Columbia; describes visit of Henry Hallowell ?; much family and town news.","Discusses crocheting, books they have read; family news and gossip.","Discusses family news; speaks of financial situation of buying a house in Baltimore; discusses problems of retrieving household items (portraits, furniture, etc.) and where to put them.","Discusses details of retrieving family possessions from the Office of Confiscation; includes list of objects missing.","Describes her trip and her stay with Cousin Lee; tells of relatives and other people she has seen; will continue traveling.","Discusses daily life and schedule; family news.","Describes her trip to Dr. Wights' and tells of the people she met there; discusses dresses; asks about the family.","Description of the political happenings in Washington, D.C.: the disputes between President Johnson and the \"Radicals,\" Mr. Johnson's veto message, the South's need to have representation in Congress; tells his view of these happenings; discusses attempts to retrieve articles from the confiscation office; family news.","Tells of difficulty she has dealing with current hardships, \"Yankee\" rule, and free Black persons; news about friends in the neighborhood.","Describes dinner at New Market and the people she saw there; describes conditions of roads, outlawing carriage rides; much news of family and friends.","Tells of people she has seen or heard from.","Discusses family news and news of friends; talks of sewing projects.","Gives an account of her \"Easter excursion,\" reporting what she did and whom she met; says Mrs. Atkins has no servants, so she will have to clean her own room.","Describes events of neighborhood; tells news of friends; tells of religious happenings, Mr. Wharey's ? reform in the church, and her religious sentiments; writes of her gloomy feelings about the South, her distrust of the Yankees, and her rebellious feels toward them; congratulates Nina on having her own \"home.\"","Tells of stay in Cumberland with her \"sister and brother\"; tells of problems in retrieving household items lost in war; Douglas' Forrest?her husband? law practice is improving.","Asks Nina to welcome her friend, Mr. Henry Theodore Wight, who brings the letter, and make his stay in Alexandria pleasant.","Tries to convince Nina to take a trip next summer; describes new bonnet styles; describes her friend Henry Theodore Wright who will be taking a trip to Alexandria; discusses clothes.","Gives her view on the family taking in boarders, saying children would be easier for their mother to handle; asks about the \"Council;\" reports on what she has done socially; discusses the dresses she has made; says that yesterday the people of Richmond decorated the Confederate soldiers' graves; says she wishes she had gone; says Mrs. Adkins did not go, but sent flowers to Richmond. Written on letter from J. Walker, Dover ?, to Hattie Powell, Rolling Views, undated. Sends her flowers and asks her to come to visit him.","Describes her visit to Richmond, people she visited, and how many commented on how well she looked compared to last winter; describes clothes she is making.","Asks her to send ribbon for a dress she will wear to a day-long affair at Norwood; news of friends.","Discusses their plans to go to Prince Edward County; discusses what clothes she has and what she may need; news of family and friends.","Explains why she cannot attend the gathering at Mr. Redd's that night; says she must listen to her head and not her heart so that she may get well; says she is tired of feeling ill and weak.","Invites Nina and Hattie Powell to come stay with them; says she feels better and is very excited to see them.","Expresses her joy that she arrived home safely, and her regret that her mother Selina Powell has taken ill; describes a jousting tournament among young boys or \"knights,\" in which the girls were honored as Queens and Maids of Honor; news about family and friends.","Gives her condolences for her uncle's death and her mother's illness; tells her of Nancy's Lettie's sister engagement and tells Nina not to leave her to marry a man; much news of family and friends.","Thanks Nina for her letter congratulating her and Willie Booker on their engagement; news about her fiance; tells her adventures of keeping the house while her mother was gone; news of family and friends.","Writes that her father is looking for board for her Selina and until then she will stay in Charlotte; recommends that Nina not write to a man unless she is engaged to him or unless he is an old family friend; news of family and friends.","Discusses how far they are apart but thinks it is best that she (her mother) stay at Uncle Fred's; says she will stay at school for Christmas; writes of family and friends; tells that her health is very good and that she weights 106 pounds; discusses her school duties and her sewing.","Describes the parties she has had at her home recently; speaks of the engagement between Willie Booker and Nancy her sister, and Lou Edmunds and Captain Hill; news of family and friends.","Tells how she and her friends have been together for three weeks now, staying at different homes; wishes Nina could be there; news of courting, engagements and weddings; tells Nina that she will not become an old maid; much news about family and friends; discusses reading societies and books read.","Tells of courtings, engagements and weddings; tells of Christmas plans; discusses the struggle in the Christian life to be pure.","Describes Christmas holidays; discusses the Christian struggle for purity; says she is having more headaches; discusses poor financial situation with no patrons paying for her teachings.","Describes the changes taking place: their Uncle Joe has died and she, Lavalette and her mother have moved to Falkland to take care of his children; she and Lavalette will teach the children; Lavalette is feeling worse; her brother and sister May will take care of Linden; news of engagements, weddings, family and friends.","Describes her new home and her new schedule; news about family and friends.","Tells about her fiance Willie Booker's work in Medical School; describes reactions to the Territorial Bill and to General Scofields; wonders if Lavalette will keep her promise to become an old maid; says the weather is so bad that they will not be able to go to Church for a month because of the roads; says she is trying to guess when weddings will be by who is making their wedding clothes.","Describes her teaching job with her sister Nancy; describes her students; tells how spirits have been low since the passage of the Territorial Bill, says their district is commanded by General Schofield; describes the \"demoralizing\" incident of one of the county men running off with a 'Negro' girl and marrying her; news of family and friends.","Sends this letter through a friend and asks Rebecca to mail a package to Washington, D.C. for her; may have some frames sent to her, which could then be sent to them by steamboat to Richmond and canal boat to Lexington; says Mildred is in Richmond; Rob and Fitzhugh may go to Jennie's? wedding.","Describes the commencement exercises that she and Lavalette attended at Hampden Sydney; describes the fashions she saw there; says the scrub worm is seriously damaging the tobacco crop; describes their summer bonnets bought in Richmond. 4 pages. letter signed.","Says that Nancy her sister has been ill; says that she, Nancy and their mother will take a trip North for their health; says she dreads to be among the 'Yankees;' tells that Lou Booker has typhoid fever and so her wedding must be postponed; discusses the advantages and disadvantages of being an old maid and whether they will be one.","Gives news of gentlemen who are courting her; says that John Smith has been visiting her every other night; tells Nina that it is becoming serious and that she better come home soon or she will be gone; gives advice on the gentlemen that Nina is seeing.","Describes their stay in Danville; tells that her engagement with Willie Booker has been terminated; discusses their plans of where to live next year; news of family and friends; discusses fair.","Thanks Hattie for her announcement of her \"change of condition\" marriage or engagement?; gives her best wishes for her health and happiness.","Discusses which furniture and portraits she would like to have sent to her.","Discusses details of sending furniture from Alexandria to Lexington and of having portraits framed and sent. Includes notes to Selina and Nina.","Discusses her transactions to acquire more furnishings for their home; news about family and friends.","Asks about her interactions with Mr. D?; says Nina's happiness is the only bright spot in their lives; says she hasn't been to church much; says she has seen a lot of Willie S.?; regrets that she can't say everything she would like to, because the letter must go through so many hands; writes of the broken Southern spirit; asks if there are any \"situations\" near them that she could take; says that she cannot write much because it works her \"into such a state\".","Tells of their new life at Linden, helping to take care of \"Sis\" May's children; comments on Nina's sister Hattie's marriage; discusses religion; describes a trip to Richmond; news about family and friends.","Recommends that she or Rebecca go with her to visit friends in Prince Edward County; tells her that since Mrs. Booker'shouse was used as headquarters for them during the war, they must make a pleasure visit to her since the war is over.","Thanks Nina for sending her the objects repossessed from the war; comments on their sentimental value; gives news about Baltimore's social events and her husband Douglas' work.","Tells what family has done since she left for her trip; says everyone is feeling remarkably well on account of the warm weather; tells her to enjoy her visit with Lizza and Aggie ?","Tells what each person in household is doing that evening: Mamma, Papa, Lute?, Lewis?, Fan?; says she visited Hattie who is feeling well \"under the circumstances;\" news about neighborhood.","Describes the health of each family member; says Mr. Powell had dyspepsia for which she gives him a raw onion; says Hattie is the same and cannot leave her room; gives news of friends; discusses a fire at Lee's ? house; hopes she is enjoying her visit with Lizzie and Aggie.","Gives news about family and neighborhood; says that Cousin Lee's house burned; writes that Bob Robert Powell is now a doctor; news about her school.","Discusses news of neighborhood and people who have come to visit her; tells Nina to enjoy her stay with Lizzie and Agnes ?; says she is still flat on her back but hopes to be better in a few weeks.","Regrets that he could not make the picnic that Nina planned; says that he had to pick up Josie ? that day, who traveled flat on her back; says that he saw \"Cousin Rebecca\" in town.","Tells how she had been preserving many foods last summer because of the possible food shortage during the coming winter; describes her stay with \"Sis\" May in Farmville; describes the situation of the churches and Sunday school in her area; news about family and friends; one of Nina's students, Emma Henry, is getting married.","Apologizes to Nina for not calling on her while she was in Baltimore; expresses her job in their friendship.","Writes of their sorrow at the death of Hugh Holmes McGuire (brother of cousin); whose wife just had a child; asks Rebecca to come visit, since the war is over; gives news about who owns the Powell's old home; tells what each of her relatives are doing; gives news about friends; discusses the death of her aunt who never recovered after the 'Yankees' burnt her house down; mentions how many soldiers cannot find employment. Hugh Holmes McGuire MW battle of High Bridge.","Discusses Maggie's wedding her niece; says she has been alone in the evenings since Nina left her; describes her friends who have called during the day.","Apologizes for not writing; describes her schedule to taking care of a family of ten people; gives news about her gentlemen friends.","Extends sympathies to Nina and her family in the death of her sister, Hattie Powell Smoot, who died in childbirth; offers comfort through religion.","Offers her sympathy for the death of her daughter Hattie; discusses Hattie's character; mentions how Hattie has been looking forward to the time of childbirth.","Gives her sympathy for the death of Selina's daughter Hattie; speaks of her husband Robert, saying she thinks he may never be entirely well again; gives news of family.","Tells of her mourning for her cousin Hattie; offers sympathies; gives news of family.","Offer her sympathies for Hattie's death; describes her stay in her Uncle Phil's home in the mountains; says she will return home to Alexandria in the Fall.","Describes the mountain inn and how they spend their time; says the mountain air is helping their mother's health.","Expresses her joy that Nina is engaged; discusses Nina's mother's health; says she is confined to bed and in much pain; says the treatment causes much suffering and that she is anxious to leave for home.","Says she is glad Nina gets a chance to enjoy herself, and visit with her cousin Lizzie, without worrying about daily duties; says her Aunt Lute is taking good care of her.","Gives a report on everyone's health; says she is feeling better; gives news of friends and family; hopes that she is enjoying her stay with \"cousin\" Lizzie.","Discusses grief and religion; teases Nina about her engagement to Sewell Hepburn; tells her to enjoy her stay and to get well soon; news about Alexandria.","News of friends and family; describes the trouble of giving a party for a couple to be married, and wonders why people have marriages in such poor times.","Pleads with her to visit them for Christmas.","Reports that they have been trying both the \"Alleghany Springs\" and the \"Yellow Sulfur\" springs; says the water has helped her health; describes the social life at the springs.","Inquires about her friends in Alexandria; asks if Mrs. Cassius Lee has information on household goods stolen from her.","Tells of her and Nancy's stay in Danville; discusses Nina's wedding; says her brother Abner will be in the Legislature until it adjourns; news about family and friends. Envelope included with list of bridal attendants on the back.","Discusses her daily schedule; describes a sewing machine that she bought; discusses Nina's wedding; news about family and friends.","Expresses her job in hearing Nina is engaged; reports that she has heard Mr. Hepburn described as \"intellectual\" and \"pious\"; says Captain. Grady sends his love; sends her a gift.","Regrets that she cannot come to Nina's wedding; hopes that Nina will be happy living in the parsonage; news about family and friends.","Apologizes that she cannot be there for the wedding; sends her money to buy a wedding present; tells that she had to refuse a gentleman who revealed his feelings for her; wishes her happiness in her new life.","Note accompanying a wedding present, wishing Nina happiness.","Gives a report on her health, saying she is much stronger; tells what remedies she is taking; says they have given most of her wedding cake away; says that everyone thinks her wedding was beautiful; gives her philosophy on marriage and its importance; tells her how lucky she is to have found such a \"good man.\" Including letter from Rebecca C. Powell to Nina giving a report on their mother's health.","Describes how she spent her Easter vacation; describes the events that took place after Nina's wedding; describes a visit to Georgetown.","Reports she is feeling better but that Rebecca has neuralgia from a bad tooth; tells Nina that she should call her husband \"Mr. Hepburn\"; says it is Nellie's wedding day; advises her to obey her husband now that she is no longer there to control her.","Gives news about home and tells Nina that they miss her greatly; says the relationship between herself and John ? is growing stronger; hopes that she is enjoying her stay in the country with her husband.","Discusses their mother's health, noting improvements; expresses eagerness to visit her in her own home; asks about Sewell.","Discusses her arrangements to come see them; says she is feeling better but she is still weak; tells her to ask for what she needs just like when she lived at home; gives news of family and friends.","Writes to tell her that her health has improved since she left home; gives a report on her health and what she has done there at a resort?; says her father will be home soon.","Includes description of S. Powell.","Thanks him for the letter of sympathy concerning his wife, Selina Powell; gives a detailed description of her death and a tribute to her life.","Offers her sympathy in the loss of her mother; says that her mother Selina Powell was one of her earliest friends.","Entreats them to warn his wife Lizzie against a woman named Mrs. Hubard who he is convinced is seeking their ruin.","Tells of friends' illnesses and other afflictions; discusses preachers; says she will wait to buy cotton until the price goes down. Including letter (written on top of) of 1864 January 8 from ? Danville, Va., to \"sister.\" Says she would like to visit her and also to see her whole family, but that she cannot leave because of her duties; says she can only leave on \"official business.\"","Describes their summer in the North; describes the Grand Jubilee held in Boston; describes Newport, Maine and the historical sites there; discusses Nina's life in the parsonage; gives news about family and friends back home.","Says she is very happy to return from the North, though she was treated kindly there and it did improve her health; says many people at home are ill with an influenza that follows the Horse Disease; much news about family and friends.","Asks Nina how her little boy is; reveals that she thought she would be getting married this fall, but that the gentleman, Dr. Cole, has been suffering from an illness; news about family and friends.","Expresses hope that she will visit them in Maryland soon, and bring her child; comments on Nina's settling in Waterford, Loudon County; news of family and friends.","Describes the baby Sewell's features; tells how the family is adjusting to new baby.","Discusses tuition for Mildred.","Reports news of her school; discusses the bonds that their father sold, and his financial situation.","Reports that they are taking of Uncle Leven, including paying for his board with Sallie Withers, and giving him clothes; expresses disappointment that other relatives are not helping him; says Uncle Lev had a drinking problem at one time and his wife will not see him.","Tells Nina their plans to visit her; says they will travel through Baltimore and then by boat across the Chesapeake Bay.","Sends a check for Mildred's tuition.","Hopes that Mr. Hepburn has recovered from his fall and hopes he will stick to taming men's spirits rather than taming men's horses; much news about family and friends.","Gives news about family and friends; says that they will visit her in a few weeks.","Sends Nina a fur cape and muff; congratulates Nina on her pregnancy and hopes she feels well; sends a present for the coming baby; asks Nina for her preferred style of dress so that she can make her some.","Tells of the death of her father-in-law and the effects it has had on the family.","Tells of birth of another boy and that Nina is doing fine; says they have not named him because he wanted a girl; tells story of how his errand boy spilled into the well some fish he was cleaning and how he Sewell had to go down and fish them out.","Gives advice on how to take care of oneself after childbirth; thinks that she should have more than one servant; says that she is having some dresses made for her; news about family and friends.","Scope and Contents Gives news of friends in Alexandria; mentions centennial celebrations; says her school is doing well, with 21 scholars; mentions that Robert Powell has a new daughter.","Gives news about Powell and Lee cousins in Philadelphia; says that a few neighbors have scarlet fever; discusses politics.","Tells of his stay at Selma in Leesburg where he visited relatives; tells of weddings in Leesburg.","Says she is glad the children are recovering from their illness; says Nina must take tonic and Lager Beer herself to say well; recommends ways to rid the house of the illness; describes a visit to Baltimore to see an art exhibit.","Wishes he had a mountain house where his grandchildren could go, especially to recuperate; discusses controversy between two churches, St. Stephens and Grace Church, in the neighborhood where he is; says they both want Mr. Jackson from Charleston, South Carolina, to be their minister.","Gives a long description of her boarders and her school; gives news about neighborhood, friends and family.","Teases him about his \"destitute condition,\" having to take care of himself while Nina is in Baltimore; scolds him for not taking good care of himself and says she does not want Nina to become a widow; tells of a surprise visit by Mrs. Beck of his parish to visit one of her students, Hallie; discusses past election and Hancock's defeat.","Is happy that she is enjoying her travels in the North so much; thanks her for her detailed descriptions which allow him to see the places through his \"mental vision\"; discusses his routes home; says he will be home soon with two boys grandsons.","Discusses her travels in the North; tells of his grandsons' (Charles and Sewell) visit to Alexandria; discusses news at home.","Discusses the town of Bethlehem; says her Uncle William is visiting him; discusses his health; tells news of neighborhood.","Says that her \"Scotts Nephew\" has arrived and has settled in a room; says he may go to Orange County, Va.? soon.","Describes a visit by her cousins Kate Powell and Carrie; gives a long and detailed description of Carrie, her immediate family and her experiences.","Discusses Ellen's tuition; says they are pleased with her education; says that their move to Richmond means that they will have to find another teacher.","Describes his journey to Nina's; describes an encounter between Bishop Randolph and Meta Stuart on the train concerning Amelie Rives; gives a description of each of his grandchildren.","Hopes that she and Mrs. Wailes are steadily improving their health while at the springs; tells her of the death of Mrs. Braxton and the prospects of Ingleside; gives news of grandchildren and neighborhood.","Expresses joy that her health is improving; tells of the death of General Wickham and how it affected the area; gives news of family and neighborhood.","Describes the school; says he may join the Blackford Society; tells about a grammar exam.","Describes the taking of an arithmetic exam which exempted him from taking any more; says he got some demerits; tells about football and how he is playing well.","Tells about his schedule and about his exams; says he had tea with Mr. Hooffs; discusses demerits.","Says he cannot teach this week because his nose is going to be operated on; says his mother and Sewell will occupy the children until then; says Sewell will go back to school soon; discusses the structure of his classes and asks her advice.","Discusses the nature of geometry and gives advice on how to learn it.","Says he has been ill; discusses activities at school and grades.","Thanks her for the invitation to come visit while they are in Yorktown; says his two boys will come by sailing a canoe to Yorktown.","Says they are all home for a week holiday; describes how they all got home; says Richard Cook came home with Selina; describes a real old timey Virginia country dance; says Selina likes Alexandria and the new home; describes what each person in the family has been doing; gives a description of the College of William and Mary; says he has overloaded himself with schoolwork this year; tells how the Alumni are reorganizing the Phi Beta Kappa fraternity; gives a description of the fraternity; mentions the burning of St. Paul's Church in Hanover; thanks her for the presents she sent.","Discusses examination schedule and work load; questions validity of mid-term examinations; praises the College for its level of academia; praises Dr. Hall, a professor of English; says that main event at the College now is the contest between societies for the society medals; says he is in the Phoenix society and may debate for it; says he took a trip to New Kent to see his \"girl\" and to visit friends; discusses the Daughters of the Revolution and the Organization of the Descendants of the Cincinnati; says he saw Cousin Laura and her husband Mr. Roberts, a preacher, who are in Williamsburg.","Discusses the new house which he is anxious to get home to see; says he and Charles will not finish exams until the end of June; discusses the social events of the \"final week\"; discusses his exams; discusses Selina's academic progress; says one must experience College life to understand the strength of its temptations.","Says he has spent much time with Nanna Powell McCormick, a cousin; describes her and what they have done together; says he is in love with her; discusses love and cupid; describes a card club he belongs to, and a German club.","Hopes that she doesn't feel isolated from his immediate family; says that their \"great mutual loss\" has brought them all closer together; asks about her plans for the future; says he went to York to see Charles; discusses his housing at College; talks of recent fires in Richmond and Baltimore; speaks of his cousins and some girls that he has met.","Discusses their family's genealogy; mentions Nicholas Lloyd, John Lloyd, and Sarah Lloyd.","Discusses the Presbyterian drive in Alexandria to save the old church; discusses church events; expresses joy to hear of Nina's marriage; mentions the fact that her Selina's father is over eighty years old.","Scope and Contents Describes a house nearby; writes about her relatives that are staying there; asks her to come visit. Including Selina Powell to Nina Powell. Asks Nina to write Lizzie about the house, if it can be rented, and who they should talk to.","Wishes her a Merry Christmas; tells what family members are making for presents; asks about her trip to Alexandria and the people she has seen; discusses the propriety of accepting a book for a gentleman; tells her to be happy and not to think too much.","Discusses offers she has had for teaching, saying she will take the offer closest to where Mr. Powell teaches; advises her to get her teeth fixed; discusses styles; gives advice on how to motivate one of her students; says he will not go to Gloucester because of the recent \"outrages\" there; says she has a \"horror of drunken negroes.\"","Advises her to come home after her visit with Lizzie Watkins; gives a report on the health of family and friends; says almost \"all black and white\" went to the \"procession\" in Washington the day before; says her cousin Jinny Taylor's family is ill; sends her money. 4 pages. letter signed.","Discusses her poor health, saying she has been diagnosed as having a diseased heart; says she is staying with her sister Aggie who just got married; news of family. 4 pages. letter signed.","Discusses Nina's visit with her friends and her trip to the \"Bear's Den\"; writes of the many parties there have been since Nina left; says she has not seen Nina's sisters since they got back from Capon; discusses their friendship.","Says her father still has not come home; describes a trip Nina and Rebecca made and the people they visited; writes of young men and friends who have come to visit Nina; news of friends and family.","Discusses dresses; writes of a \"Mr. C.,\" assuring her mother that they are not romantically involved; says Mr. and Mrs. Stringfellow left them to the care of the housekeeper; gives news about friends.","Says that Uncle J. Powell does not think Lexington is a good place to open a school and Lynchburg would be better; discusses prices for boarding; says that her Father may have to look for a tutoring job for a family and then she will have to find work as close to him as possible; discusses sewing she has done; gives news about family and friends.","Discusses the remedies \"Mother\" has tried for her sore throat; describes Mrs. Wildman's receipt for asparagus; says \"Ma\" is experimenting on her throat and then will tell Minna how to treat hers.","Describes her daily schedule, including teaching for \"the girls;\" says the \"Captain\" and the girls included her in a visit to Mrs. Cooke's; describes the people she met there and the house.","Says he spent Christmas at Uncle Frank's and Aunt Jane's; reports on what he has been doing.","Scope and Contents Discusses whether Emily ? will move to Fairlee as a servant?; asks if she will take someone from the \"Home for Fallen Women,\" if Emily declines.","Says she went shopping for her and is sending her some articles; discusses fashions; says her Aunt Ann is still unwell.","Tells her to take of herself while she is sick; discusses whether she should come home; tells of people there that are sick.","Scope and Contents Discusses Mary's furniture and which of it she can use; discusses Frank ?'s health; says Mrs. Hammond has died after being very ill; discusses health of friends and family; gives news of what her family is doing.","Tells of safe arrival of Maud's baby daughter and her appearance; sends greetings to Becca, Nina, and herself.","Gives advice on letter writing and spelling. 1 page. letter. Incomplete.","Scope and Contents Advises her not to work too hard; discusses board prices in Albemarle, where Mr. Powell is teaching; discusses hair styles; encloses a sample of material of Rebecca's berage ?; writes of the crowded conditions in Mrs. Sharpe's ? home; mentions reading.","Sends this note with a letter she is forwarding; hopes she is enjoying her visit; says she is feeling better.","Discusses dresses and asks what else she will need for the summer; sends her a poem.","Scope and Contents Consoles her in her time of \"troubles\"; says she has heard from their mother that she \"bears them bravely\"; urges her to take an interest in life and to try to be happy again.","Describes a dress that Minnie is making; discusses other dresses.","News of family and friends.","Describes a walk he took from North Hampton to East Hampton; discusses Thanksgiving vacation.","Asks her to send socks.","Tells about her dolls; mentions some Powell relatives.","Thanks her for the donation for the restoration of a church on Fairfax St., near Selina's Aunt Rebecca's home; mentions a celebration for the laying of the corner stone of the District; describes a light hose that the government gave the Mount Vernon Chapter D.A.R.; mentions more historic work.","Discusses religious matters; lists social events.","Describes duties and responsibilities of husband and wife; describes the state of marriage; pronounces the couple as husband and wife; states Benediction.","Scope and Contents Signed as written by Laura ?; added note in different handwriting states \"written by Minna when eight years of age.\"","Scope and Contents 4 items.","Tells of his appointment as Commander of the Continental Army, and his reluctance to accept the position due to hopes of a more peaceful solution and reluctance in leaving his family; gives information as to other Congressional decisions, such as the striking of 2 million dollars in Continental currency to pay troops.","Scope and Contents In answer to a previous letter, he feels that the only principle that will affect them the British? is fear, and that treating them cavalierly will make them despair of their undertaking. Statement on verso: Copy is in handwriting of Rebecca C. Powell of Alexandria.","Scope and Contents Wishes to spend remainder of his life in \"rural amusements;\" prediction of what a great city Washington, D.C. will become, \"though not as large as London,\" and description of how Alexandria, Virginia has grown; feels that if the United States can steer clear of European politics, it could become \"one of the greatest and happiest nations in the world.\"","Scope and Contents Discusses how he saved the papers of the Revolutionary Government by taking them to Leesburg, Virginia before the British burned the District of Columbia in the War of 1812. These papers included the Declaration of Independence, the journals of Congress, letter of General George Washington, Letters of General Greene and papers of the State Department. 2 pages. copy of letter signed, first part missing.","Mainly letters written from Illinois to Charles L. Powell dealing with land transactions. Also includes land certificates and letters to Lloyd Powell.","Scope and Contents Physical Location: See Oversize file. Concerning the transfer of 100 acres of land in St. Peter's Parish, New Kent County, Va..","Physical Location: See medium oversize file.","Scope and Contents Signed on front by R. E. Lee and on verso by Mary Custis Lee, Lexington, Va..","Scope and Contents Signed on front and back by Mary Custis Lee.","Includes detailed descriptions of battles and movements of armies. Manuscript Volume 1.","Scope and Contents Book includes a biographical sketch of Col. Leven Powell by Major Burr Powell son: a description of the battle at Manassas Junction on 1861 July 21in a letter from Dr. Hunter McGuire, Surgeon of Jackson's Brigade, to his Mother (Copy); Civil War Journal (May 1 - May 27); list of names: dead? under Civil War battles; Civil War Journal 1862 December 18 -1863 March 28; Leven Powell, Hampton to Sally Sarah Powell,1776 January 27, (Copy). Manuscript Volume 2.","Also includes recipes and how to dye cloth. Manuscript Volume 3.","Includes visiting, baptismal and confirmation lists, and marriages performed, accounts and prayers. included of pages concerning members of Powell Family. Manuscript Volume 4.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Powell, Cuthbert (1775-1849)","Powell, Charles Leven (1804-1896)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["01/Mss. 65 P875","/repositories/2/resources/8863"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Powell Family papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Powell Family papers"],"collection_ssim":["Powell Family papers"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_ssm":["Powell, Cuthbert (1775-1849)","Powell, Charles Leven (1804-1896)"],"creator_ssim":["Powell, Cuthbert (1775-1849)","Powell, Charles Leven (1804-1896)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Powell, Cuthbert (1775-1849)","Powell, Charles Leven (1804-1896)"],"creators_ssim":["Powell, Cuthbert (1775-1849)","Powell, Charles Leven (1804-1896)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift: 682 items and 2 MsV., 1952."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans--Virginia--History--19th century","Freedmen--Virginia--History","Kilpatrick-Dahlgren Raid, Va., 1864","Reconstruction (U.S. history, 1865-1877)--Virginia","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Women--United States--History--19th century","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans--Virginia--History--19th century","Freedmen--Virginia--History","Kilpatrick-Dahlgren Raid, Va., 1864","Reconstruction (U.S. history, 1865-1877)--Virginia","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Women--United States--History--19th century","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["684.00 items"],"extent_ssm":["3.25 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["3.25 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOrganization: This collection is organized into 5 series. Series 1 contains papers of the Powell Family; Series 2 contains copies of historical letters; Series 3 contains legal papers; Series 4 contains cartes de visites; and Series 5 contains diaries, record books, and other miscellaneous volumes. Arrangement: This collection is primarily arranged chronologically by date.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organization: This collection is organized into 5 series. Series 1 contains papers of the Powell Family; Series 2 contains copies of historical letters; Series 3 contains legal papers; Series 4 contains cartes de visites; and Series 5 contains diaries, record books, and other miscellaneous volumes. Arrangement: This collection is primarily arranged chronologically by date."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCuthbert Powell (1775-1849) was born in Middleburg, Loudoun County, Virginia to parents Leven Powell (1737-1810) and Sarah (Harrison) Powell. He was one of eleven children. Cuthbert made his fortune alongside his brother, Leven Powell, Jr. (1772-1807), as a merchant and ship owner. He retired to \"Llangollen,\" Loudoun County, Virginia in 1812 after a decline in business. Later he was elected to serve in both houses of the Virginia General Assembly; the Virginia State Senate in 1829 and the Virginia House of Delegates in 1840. In 1788, Cuthbert married Catherine Simms, daughter of Col. Charles Simms. The couple had ten children including; Anne Maria Powell (1800-1885), who married 1st cousin Dr. William Levin Powell; Dr. Llewellen Powell (1802-1870), who married cousin Sarah Elizabeth Harrison; Charles Leven Powell (1804-1896), who married Selina Lloyd; Mary Emily Powell (b.1807), who married cousin Cuthbert Powell and later Rev. George Adie; Ellen Douglas Powell (1813- 1862) who married Judge William H. Gray; Cuthbert Harrison Powell (1814-1897); and Jane Simms (Fanny) Powell, who married Wellington Gordon. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: \u003cextref href=\"http://scdbwiki.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Cuthbert_Powell_(1775-1849)\" title=\"Cuthbert Powell (1775-1849)\"\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["Cuthbert Powell (1775-1849) was born in Middleburg, Loudoun County, Virginia to parents Leven Powell (1737-1810) and Sarah (Harrison) Powell. He was one of eleven children. Cuthbert made his fortune alongside his brother, Leven Powell, Jr. (1772-1807), as a merchant and ship owner. He retired to \"Llangollen,\" Loudoun County, Virginia in 1812 after a decline in business. Later he was elected to serve in both houses of the Virginia General Assembly; the Virginia State Senate in 1829 and the Virginia House of Delegates in 1840. In 1788, Cuthbert married Catherine Simms, daughter of Col. Charles Simms. The couple had ten children including; Anne Maria Powell (1800-1885), who married 1st cousin Dr. William Levin Powell; Dr. Llewellen Powell (1802-1870), who married cousin Sarah Elizabeth Harrison; Charles Leven Powell (1804-1896), who married Selina Lloyd; Mary Emily Powell (b.1807), who married cousin Cuthbert Powell and later Rev. George Adie; Ellen Douglas Powell (1813- 1862) who married Judge William H. Gray; Cuthbert Harrison Powell (1814-1897); and Jane Simms (Fanny) Powell, who married Wellington Gordon. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki:  ."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOther Information:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdditional information may be found at http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00085.frame\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncluded with the finding aid is \"The Powell and Lloyd Families of Alexandria, Virginia\" by Frank Snowden Hopkins (1988),\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General","General"],"odd_tesim":["Other Information:","Additional information may be found at http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00085.frame","Included with the finding aid is \"The Powell and Lloyd Families of Alexandria, Virginia\" by Frank Snowden Hopkins (1988),"],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWhen available, microfilm, photocopies, digital surrogates, or other reproductions must be used in place of original documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e See:  Southern Women and their Families in the 19\u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003eth\u003c/emph\u003e Century Papers and Diaries Series C Reel # 04,05,06,07 in Swem Library's microforms area, call number HQ1438 .V5 S68\u003c/p\u003e"],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Characteristics or Technical Requirements:"],"phystech_tesim":["When available, microfilm, photocopies, digital surrogates, or other reproductions must be used in place of original documents."," See:  Southern Women and their Families in the 19 th  Century Papers and Diaries Series C Reel # 04,05,06,07 in Swem Library's microforms area, call number HQ1438 .V5 S68"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePowell Family papers, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary\nLibraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Powell Family papers, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary\nLibraries."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLeven Powell Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary; include the correspondence of Leven Powell (1737-1810), who was the father of Cuthbert Powell (1775-1849). Leven Powell served in the American Revolution, Virginia House of Delegates and U. S. House of Representatives. Leven Powell Papers, 1774-1806. 93 items. Collection number: Mss. 65 P87\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Tabb-Powell Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary. Tabb-Powell Papers, 1797-1894.1,847 items. Collection Number: Mss. 65 T14Geographic interest includes; Alexandria, Leesburg, Winchester, and central Virginia; and Henry [Marshall County] Illinois.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials:"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Leven Powell Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary; include the correspondence of Leven Powell (1737-1810), who was the father of Cuthbert Powell (1775-1849). Leven Powell served in the American Revolution, Virginia House of Delegates and U. S. House of Representatives. Leven Powell Papers, 1774-1806. 93 items. Collection number: Mss. 65 P87"," Tabb-Powell Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary. Tabb-Powell Papers, 1797-1894.1,847 items. Collection Number: Mss. 65 T14Geographic interest includes; Alexandria, Leesburg, Winchester, and central Virginia; and Henry [Marshall County] Illinois."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLetters and papers of Charles Leven Powell, his wife Selina (Lloyd) Powell and children of Loudoun County, Virginia; Henry, Illinois; Winchester, Virginia; and Alexandria, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are also included papers of Charles Leven Powell's father, Cuthbert Powell. Prominent correspondents include Johns Hopkins, Eleanor Agnes Lee, Fitzhugh Lee, George Washington Custis Lee, Mary Anna Randolph (Custis) Lee, Hunter Holmes McGuire and James Monroe.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLetters concern Robert Young Conrad, Hunter Holmes McGuire, civilian affairs during the Civil War, the Kilpatrick-Dahlgren Raid, freedmen, Reconstruction, and the education of women. Many letters are written by women.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition, there are a number of letters from and concerning members of the Dupuy family of Prince Edward County, Winchester, Virginia including Robert Young Conrad (president of the Virginia Secession Convention) and his son Holmes Conrad (U. S. Congressman).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e \nIncluded with the finding aid is \"The Powell and Lloyd Families of Alexandria, Virginia\" by Frank Snowden Hopkins (1988).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e \nSee also  Southern Women and their Families in the 19\u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003eth\u003c/emph\u003e Century Papers and Diaries Series C Reel # 04,05,06,07 in Swem Library's microforms area, call number HQ1438 .V5 S68\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncluding a statement, 1786 April 8 by J. Nicholson that the witnesses Joshua Lamb and John Lamb (both Quakers) and Joseph Greenwood affirmed and swore that this was the last will and testament of Thomas Hepborn.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports on the status of the ship The Rising Sun; says she will dispose of her cargo as soon as possible; says the ship was detained by the British (War of 1812), but given up.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSigned by William Hodgson and Thomas Van Le, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHer daughter ? Nancy, had a healthy baby boy who is nursing well; Nancy is staying with her now, and her husband Mr. Wallach, spends almost every night there also; is concerned that Nancy will live a hard life because of her husband's financial situation; on the other hand, her daughter Catherine ? will be \"free from the trials attended on a state of poverty,\" being married to Cuthbert Powell, who owns a large farm in Loudoun County; much Simms family news; mentions Mrs. Trist's grandson, Nicholas Trist.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSigned by B. Cottinger.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFatherly letter giving his opinion of a certain young lady and marriage, as well as general advice.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscussion of his engagement to this daughter Selina, and the seriousness of the matter, especially in concerning finances; tells of his poor financial state as related to a dowry, or the lack thereof, for his daughter; gives his approval of the \"alliance,\" but hopes they will delay the marriage for some time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas given great consideration to his claim against the French government and has turned the case over to Stephen Pleasonton, who is the auditor for the Dept. of State and who is now handling all claims; since Mr. Pleasonton is a personal friend and he (James Monroe) is greatly interested in his Burr Powell case, he knows he will get an answer soon; will also be returning the agriculture pamphlet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends extract of Mr. Pleasonton's reply concerning the claim against the French government and asks that he reply with the necessary information; will also do anything he can to help.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFurther discussion of his claim against the French government and dealings with Stephen Pleasanton and Isaac Coxe Barnett.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMore instructions about the claim being made against the French government.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFurther discussion and explanation of the case involving Burr Powell and his claim against the French government.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContinued information concerning Powell's claim against the French government.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe new court system has kept him extremely busy; social life has slowed down; the fashion these days to relieve boredom is to ride horseback; expresses concern for his own colt in the country; inquires after Dr. Nelson and his medical career; also asks about a large, gay party at South River; recommends books for good reading including Schlegel's History of Literature.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas received the results of his claim from Mr. Pleasonton and regrets the outcome, which he disagrees with; does not feel anyone is to blame.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAsks her to come visit over Christmas; describes the social events in Arlington; mentions her cousin George Calvert; says the big event is the fair for the benefit of orphans.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes a walk she took and the surrounding countryside, including the wildflowers and startling a herd of deer; had many visitors, including a very graceful lady who is said to have been \"addressed\" by Mr. Van Buren, a \"jolly goodnatured ... commodore and some of the ugliest officers,\" and Mrs. Porter and her scholars; tells of books she has read, including Tales of a Grandfather, The Sorcerer, and The Talisman; loving memories and looking forward to their next meeting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHave just returned from a visit to her grandmother's and her cousin, Ann Marshall; they all are saddened by the death of Mr. Fitzhugh; describes the country from South to West River, where she had visited, and comments on meeting a lovely girl, Bella Carter; mentions the jealousy of another male suitor?, Seldon Page; mentions Mary Custis. 3 pages. letter signed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends his best wishes for her new life with Charles L. Powell; will be able to attend the wedding as well as \"Brother Nelson\"; is uncommonly warm; is sending a bonnet for her and a small diamond breast-pin for Father by the steamboat Franklin, commanded by Admiral Nevitt; describes the long ribbons attached to the bonnet, which are for going once all the way around the bonnet before knotting them by the ear, not for tying a bow under the chin; also includes a diagram of how to tie them in the current fashion; admits to having been helped in choosing the bonnet by Miss Olivia Donaldson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses events in Washington D.C.; says she went to \"the President's\" on New Year's day; discusses Mr. Marshall's sermons; mentions books she is reading; asks Selina to come visit her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays her health is improving; encourages her to ask her for help when she needs it; discusses the articles she is sending her including a lemon tree, curtains, a mattress; discusses how these things will get to her; gives news about the children; Bec, Nanny, Frank, and Fred.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHis mother-in-law has told him of the wonderful news of the birth of another daughter Hattie, and that both mother and baby are safe; will be up to visit in about a week; comments on balancing the sexes in the family, and that he has \"no notion of supplying my brother's and sister's children with wives\"...\"we shall hate to transport them his daughters to the wilds of the west\"; all is well at home, a new hen house is being built, but the garden is too wet to work; is lonely but is visiting neighbors; family news; religious sentiments expressed about her, their new daughter, and their family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives account of his trip to Wheeling, including a sweet good-bye from daughter Rebecca; was not able to locate Robert Gray or ? Throckmorton at Harper's Ferry, but later met them at Point of Rocks; detailed description of a railroad and train cars; tells poignant story of a dog on the train searching for his master.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas had many family visitors since his departure and family news; there is a measle outbreak at \"Llangollen,\" and all of the \"negroes\" have it; she had her teeth filed by Dr. Overfield?; a fire in Upperville destroyed Robert Armistead's new store and the adjoining saddle shop; they have had a beautiful snowfall, covering all of the blossom-filled trees, which melted quickly, doing no harm to the fruit; had a letter from brother John, who advises that he Charles L. Powell \"go directly to Texas\"; loving stories about their daughter's activities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHad a bad thunderstorm the day she left; inquires about her trip and her relatives; details of children's activities; has let Becca sleep with him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTheir father will be taking a trip West this spring, accompanied by cousin William; family information; social life in Leesburg very quiet; misses her and her family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDetails of his trip from Alexandria; spent the night with relatives; warns her about catching a cold on a windy day; tells of conversations with their young son.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrivate financial matters; tells of his busy schedule as a representative from Virginia to the U.S. legislature; gives his negative opinion concerning a bank? bill introduced by Henry Clay,which he feels the President would veto; Daniel Webster shares his opinion; life insurance inquiry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWill not be home when expected because the House of Representatives is not going to adjourn until Monday; the Congress received their second veto from President Tyler regarding the Bank Bill; describes an assault made by Sen. Henry A. Wise upon Sen. Edward Stanlyin Congress.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAsking about her visit to Washington and the Chamber of National Institute; speaks of floods, bad weather, but comfortable where he is, because of Margaret's? kindness; describes lifestyle and \"humorous remarks of Charles Lamb,\" sexual relationship with her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWishing thumb to heal; speaks of cattle and other animals at \"Llangollen\" that he misses; asks about children; saw Ann? mentions Virginia Taylor's visit; will visit wife before harvest; reference to brother, Leven, and his wife, and Sarah?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHustle and excitement of the House of Representatives; hoping to adjourn on Monday the twenty-second, but difficulties cause many night meetings; political discussion about Tariff question and Tuck bill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses her story at \"the Springs;\" tells about the politics the company there discussed; gives her own view of these issues; gives news about family and friends; hopes that Congress will soon adjourn so that he can come home.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCompares episode of thief robbing hen house to thieves in Washington trying to rob \"public treasures\"; wants to buy books for her; tells how he wishes to be with her and the rest of his family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWrites of the bad weather and that they are able to get out very little; says Mr. Powell went to the Inauguration on horseback; tells what books the family members are reading; mentions the issue of white servants; discusses Rebecca's feelings of becoming a young lady; says that they could not get the house they wanted for next year; mentions Mr. Powell's feelings of frustration for not being able to better provide for them; gives more news about the Inauguration; news of family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDaughter, Harriet, left with Uncle William to spend holidays with them; daughter Minna had a birthday party, inviting Aunt Mary's children and Eskridges; family news; death of Maria Lee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses her religious feelings; discusses her traveling plans; describes her relationship with each of her relatives where she is staying; says she is staying with Fan and helping her with her wedding.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the housekeeping and how Rebecca is taking care of the house while she is away; discusses the health of family members; tells how they are altering last year's dresses; says \"Mother\" is quite weak and \"Father\" is very dependent on her; gives news of Brother Nelson and Jeanie (sister?); gives travel plans of family; says Mr. Powell has gotten six teeth put in and looks much younger.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes their arrival home with her brother Nelson; gives news of \"little Nan\"?; asks about Rebecca and Minna's trip; tells her to be happy and to follow God; says Charlie is doing well in school.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily news; mentions Laura's? wedding.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells what she did during her visit to Locust Hill; tells what is going on in town; gives news of family and friends. Including news from letter from \"Mother\" Selina Powell to Rebecca Powell telling of her many activities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses Jesus and how one must search for and do things that please Him; asks that she watch her sister, Minna, closely so that she will not overexert herself; Ariana? had a baby boy; describes son Charlie's and daughter Nina's reactions to reading school and learning; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeaks of John's? carriage and velocipede that once was Minna Lloyd's, describing how she rode the vehicle; describes what a Holly tree is; (has genealogical information about Minna Powell, Lloyd Powell, and Charlie Powell in a different hand, which appears to have been added later.)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGloucester Court House,Va. Speaks of her \"companion in Matilda Lee?; received visit from Nannie Guy and Maria Harrison; describes celebration in honour of General Taylor's election; describes Mrs. Janney's travels; town gossip and family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily news; speaks of going to Locust Hill; inquires and tells about adventures of many townspeople; obliged to Mrs. Tabb for taking care of her and other daughter, Minna.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeaks of Cousin Lucy's? party; describes Christmas scene around her house and gifts that the children received; describes Cousin Elizabeth Janney and compares to Cousin Harriet; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses who has come to visit her; describes Cousin Lee's wife, Maria, and their wedding; asks about her Christmas; describes the book marks she made for Christmas presents; asks how Minna is doing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeaks of snow and bad weather; notes that daughters, Rebecca and Minna, have been gone for almost three months; Fanny (Powell) Gordon is going to visit Fredericksburg; mentions a letter from Jeannie? who found General Jones, in Washington, quite \"agreeable and handsome\"; Cuthbert Powell is much better, and he speaks of going to Gloucester to join a Mr. Hale; Nina is afraid of everything; family news; mentions hiring of a slave, Margaret.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRebecca's description of her Uncle Tabb's Dr. John Prosser Tabb house seems far in advance of Old-Virginian architectural styles; speaks of death of Mrs. Douglas Gordon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeaks of dancing as a family as a \"social amusement,\" but says that it does offend some \"in the religious world;\" says that one must respect the public opinion of the community where one lives; had severe weather; family news. 3 pages. letter signed. Including note signed from Hatty Powell, Leesburg, Va., to Minna Powell, Gloucester Court House, for letter and \"glove-knots\" and sending love to Aunt Rebeccaand Uncle John Prosser.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHer brother Charlie and sister Nina have sore throats, and her father has a bad cold; snowy weather; Hatty went with Aunt Ellen to Selma and Raspberry Plain; Mr. Armistead Rust is to be married before March 4; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reports on the snow storms they have had; mentions the coming wedding of Armistead Rust and Lilly Lawrence; tells how he likes working at the store; describes one of their customers; describes the house they may rent next spring. Including letter signed from Selina Powell, Leesburg, Virginia, to Rebecca Powell, Gloucester, Virginia Says she is glad to hear Minna's health is improving; gives news of family; says her brother Nelson soon sails for California to dig gold, and may not be back for five years; reports on how he expects to live; says that there are measles and mumps in town.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaris's? father announced as candidate for re-election; General Rust's family going to New York to attend a wedding; father is renting Carper's house; bad weather and snow causing many colds and illnesses; Mrs. Eskridge's father died; father may go to the Inauguration; family news. 4 pages. letter signed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSaw Representative John S. Pendleton at the House of Representativesin Washington, D.C.; Pendleton wants a senate appointment; he will not go to Leesburg because he does not want to \"meddle with party movements\"; mentions \"County Repeal of the dog law.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Mother and Father are both sick; \"brother\" has gone to inauguration; describes how to make eggnog, and gives her opinion of it; describes riding horses to the cliff and tells of adventures. 1 page. letter signed. Including letter from Harriet Powell, Leesburg, Virginia, to \"sister\" Rebecca Powell, Gloucester, Virginia, 1849 February 27, incomplete letter concerning outbreak of the mumps and family and town news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFather suffering from piles; mumps are still prevailing; do not have parties during Lent; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Speaks of gossip saying that Mr. Benedict is having an affair with Mrs. Henderson; describes procession in Washington, D.C. and the inauguration; family news. Including letter signed from Selina Powell, Leesburg, Va., to Rebecca Powell, Gloucester, Virginia, 1849 March 26, concerning family news and the time of year.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses joy that Minna's health is till improving; says she is recovering from her cold; says Lloyd and Hattie have been ill as well; discusses the issue of Rebecca upsetting her aunt Rebecca by being late for a meal; says her aunt is easily vexed in \"her condition\"; gives news of friends and family; describes their new servant Robert. 4 pages. letter signed. Including letter signed from Charles S. Powell, to Rebecca Powell, , undated, concerning Uncle Prosser's desire to put Minna on \"short allowance,\" and Minna's consumption of beef.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes their move to another house which she says is comfortable but small; hopes that the Gloucester air is getting rid of her cold; says their father is busy with court dealings; says many in the area have mumps including Hattie; says that Hattie is getting a tooth plugged; says she does not want Lloyd to leave to live so far away; discusses mesmerism (hypnotism).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeaks of her bad health; her husband is busy preparing for court; mentions a party at Exeter; Mrs. Fontleroy had a girl so Mrs. Knox is a grandmother; much more family news and information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Rebecca Powell will be coming home within a week or so; Fanny? is at Locust Hill with the mumps; family news; Uncle William Graypersuaded Father to go to Gum Springs, Va., until after the election; election day events seemed to be going against Father. Including note signed from Nina Powell, Leesburg, Virginia, to \"Sister Minna\" Powell, Gloucester Court House, Virginia, 1849 April 26, concerning family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes Minna's cough and how they are treating it; tells her what clothes Lloyd and Charlie should wear if it gets colder; says she has been doing little except taking care of Minna; discusses new dresses for the winter and corsets; gives news of friends and relatives; discusses travel plans, to come home for the winter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses dresses, materials and costs; discusses bonnets; gives news of family; thanks her and Hattie for taking care of the household duties while she is away.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays Minna is now well and that they are anxious to come home; gives news of Jeanie (her sister?), and Rebecca; gives news of \"Mother\" and \"Father\"; discusses books.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays Mr. Powell had his \"likeness taken\" at the Daguerreotype rooms; says Minna's health continues to improve but that she may have one tonsil taken out; discusses the remedies she is taking; says she feels stronger also; gives news of friends; gives news of Rebecca, Jeanie, and \"sister\" Ann; discusses walking shoes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives advice on her health and over-exertion; describes the illumination that took place in the neighborhood; tells of visits she has made; tells stories about Minna's sister, Nina; gives news of family and friends; says Hattie has lost her \"excess of fat\" and is walking three times a day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells what each family member is doing; discusses bonnets; discusses appearance versus reality as concerning materialism; discusses the opportunities for her in Alexandria; discusses the role of children in the family; gives news of friends and family; mentions that \"brother\" John may move and that if they move to Illinois, they will be closer to him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays they got there a few days ago and that Mr. Powell, Mr. Grey(?), and \"brother Llew\" have gone to the sale of slaves (\"the sale of the negroes\"); discusses her visit in Alexandria with her grandparents; Discusses the bad weather in Leesburg and the bad condition of the roads; says their family must economize rigidly; says Mr. Powell found the law business in Alexandria too small, so they will not be moving there; expresses her disappointment at the outcome; gives news of family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reviews Christmas gifts received by everyone; describes a \"reading party\"; describes Christmas decorations of the Church; family news. Including note signed from Selina Powell, Leesburg, Virginia, to Rebecca Powell, 1849 December 29, concerning when daughter, Rebecca, is to return home.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells of the recent social events of the area; describes the format of a reading party; says her mother-in-law could not make it to their home because of the snow; asks her how her mother is doing; says there are still small pox in the area; discusses how many servants she has and what each does; says that Rebecca's Uncle George took Cuthbert to an asylum in Baltimore and hopes he will be happier there then when he was \"out.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives news of Rebecca's Uncle Richard and Aunt Elizabeth who live in Illinois; says she plans to get a description of the Illinois life from them; gives news of Ellen? who is unwell and is going to a doctor in New York; discusses how Rebecca can get home; describes family activities; says they have been able to do little because of the rain and mud; says she lies on her back all day sewing while her children read to her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Reading parties are the only way she can socialize; reports Maria Grady's death; reports about a big baptist meeting going on there headed by Mrs. Lucket; much town news. 4 pages. letter signed. Including letter signed from Selina Powell, Leesburg, Virginia, to Rebecca Powell, Alexandria, Virginia, January 26, 1850, concerning Rebecca Powell's trip home and Maria Grady's \"triumphant death.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Speaks of terrible weather; boasts of learning to spin rolls of cotton on a spinning wheel; reports death of Rebecca Gray, Robert Gray's daughter; describes her daily routine; discusses Mary Grady. Including letter signed from \"devoted mother,\" Selina Powell, Leesburg, Virginia, to \"Bec,\" Rebecca Powell, Alexandria, Virginia, January 1850, concerning bad weather, family news, and attendance to the convention.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays many in the family have been very sick for a couple of days and that she has had to nurse them; says Minna is now sick; and never had fully recovered from the chicken pox she had before; gives advice of how to be a good guest; advises her on her studies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays she has a toothache but must wait until May to get them pulled; describes a humorous reading party; says there was a case of small pox in the area and that many are being revaccinated. Including letter signed from \"mother\" Selina Powell to Rebecca Powell. Discusses her travel plans home; tells her to follow her grandparents' advice; gives news of family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses joy that her younger siblings are recovering from the measles so well; reports on health of \"Grandma\" and \"Grandpa\" Lloyd; gives news of Aunt Rebecca, Jeanie, and Minnie; Tells what she had done each day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInquires about many weddings in Leesburg and about who will need new dresses; speaks of ball thrown by Maria Washington; other city news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives general description of Henry and discusses the family's move there; discusses the house they will build; advises what they should bring; reports on the emigrants in the area; discusses their travel plans in detail; asks Charlie to bring Newfoundland puppies; gives news of family there.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes presents sent to grandchildren; tells of Christmas scene in Alexandria; wants granddaughters to meet a polite gentleman that impressed her. Including poem, 1852, by R. C. Powell, beginning \"'Ours the cross.' Yes it is ours,\" giving a religious viewpoint.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeaks of how she makes embroidery patterns and what colors are preferred; inquires about some of her friends; John Leven Powell says that Brooke? looks badly; aunt Fanny trying to match Brooks with Lucy Gordon; speaks of a Mr. Beverley breaking out around his face and \"bleeding profusely\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Mr. Gordon? will be a delegate to the democratic convention in Richmond, Virginia; much use of her eyes results in inflammation of her eyelids; \"Llangollen\" property is deteriorating; much town news and family news; mentions her dower right.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeaks of helping Frank and Lucy ? with their new baby; describes female servants and her experiences with them; describes health of her daughters, Harriet, Rebecca, and Minna; reports of a few cases of \"cholera\"; reports of a good garden.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives a detailed report of Minna's health, expressing hope that her headaches are definitely getting better; tells about people who have visited the family; mentions a desegregated school in \"abolition ground\"; tells what her sisters have been doing since she left; discusses Rebecca's journey.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMrs. Janney's baby died while she was ill; a Mr. Anderson, a Presbyterian Minister, says that his wife, Miss Harper, is a relative of Selina's (her father's Aunt); speaks of Fred's? wedding; tells of episode when she goes to visit a Mrs. Brown?; describes a visit they made to some neighbors; describes Mr. Lombard's house that is being built; reports on the food they are preparing and what is available to them; says the winter goods have still not come in; mentions sewing that her daughters are doing; news of family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMentions Fanny's ? wedding; family news; possibility that Rebecca's Uncle Gordon ? might be elected to legislature; family does not wish Rebecca Powell to return home this winter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes a visit they made to some new neighbors; describes Mr. Lombard's house that is being built; reports on the food they are preparing and what is available to them; says the winter goods have still not come in; mentions sewing that her daughters are doing; news of family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes their busy preparations for winter; describes their daily routine; says she is glad to have Lucy and Fred stay with them; describes their Sunday school; reports on Scholastics (a servant) who is now reading well; news of family and friends; discusses dresses and styles; asks about Rebecca's Uncle Nelson; mentions that Rebecca's Uncle Gordon was elected; asks about Fan's? wedding and hopes she and William will be happy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeaks of his daughter's trip, whom she should visit, and money matters; hopes to soon reap the financial benefits of his store; mentions Bishop Whitehouse's determination to give the college broad foundations; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily news; sleet and bad weather; religious discussion and viewpoints; Lucy and John? have a daughter now.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Mr. Powell, Charles and Richard Lloyd are busy with new business as \"Land Agents\"; town of Henry, Illinois now has a newspaper and a steam mill; hopes to have a railroad passing through soon; there is not a decent Church and she wishes to see one built; Lloyd Powell, son of Selina, studies German because there are so many Germans in their town to do business with.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Sarcastically teases her sister about differences between lifestyles of \"Far West\" and the East; Uncle Fred ? went to Springfield to see that railroad went from Peoria through Henry, Illinois; mentions problems with scarlet fever; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeaks of liquor laws and problems with drinking; describes lectures; such family and town news; mentions other religious lectures.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses desire for daughter Rebecca to return home; Minna Powell still having problems with headaches; family news; Fred? went to Chicago to see stockholders of the Peoria and Rock Island Railroad; asks for Rebecca to send asparagus seed and large lima beans; mentions Thackery's lectures, and gives her opinion about his books and religious teachings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Family news; \"land business\" will provide many opportunities for travel; Rebecca planning to go to Leesburg soon. Including note from Charles L. Powell, Henry, Illinois, to \"darling,\" Rebecca Powell, , 1853 March 11, sending his daughter ten dollars and writing her as to how to handle her expenses and requesting her to bring home her Grandfather's papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStates that even though he just left yesterday, she wanted to put a letter in the books to be sent to him; comments on their inability to see each other even though he is only seven miles away.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMentions his job as a traveling salesman and how he hopes to soon be Uncle Richard's Lloyd administration; resolved in town meeting to build the Railroad Peoria and Chicago.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses her disappointment that she cannot see Rebecca before Rebecca returns to Henry, Illinois; describes the friendship between them; news of friends in Baltimore.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells of carriage accident involving Mr. and Mrs. Richard Dulaney, where their horses were scared by the Clifton Mill and threw Mrs. Dulaney; she and father attended Dr. Rutherford's lectures; emphasizes that ladies got to vote, as well as gentlemen, on whether they were satisfied with the lectures; new wharf boat has arrived.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes the towns of Rushville and Pittsfield; said he enjoyed Pittfield more, but that Uncle Richard Lloyd sent him an assignment for Rushville; says he will be there about a month; asks about friends and family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Rebecca has come home; Minna joined the church with her family; gives religious views; family news. Including letter from Minna Powell, Henry, Illinois, to \"Brother\" , 1853 May 11, referring to Rushville, as location of brother; tells of beautiful spring weather and describes scenery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWill soon be coming home; complains of sore throat and headaches; has had scarlet fever; family information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGossips about \"Miss Jane,\" a mutual friend; says he and Dr. Winslow found her in her parlor with a man; says the servant did not want to let them in and that it was an uncomfortable situation. Including letter written in margins from \"Cousin\" Jane to Rebecca Powell concerning religious publication, an Episcopal convention.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses how much she misses him; discusses reading material.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes Aunt Ellen's Powell Gray recovery from an illness; much family news; describes wedding that she went to; expresses romantic interest in a Dr. Claggett; includes printed poems.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes physical appearance of \"Llangollen\" as well as her feelings towards the place; reminisces about when family lived in Virginia. Talks about old friends; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Tells her little sister Nina about old friends and family; gives details of things she has been doing. Including letter from \"Hatty\" Harriet Powell, \"Llangollen,\" Virginia, to \"Mother,\" Selina Powell, 1853 October 10. Concerning warmer clothes; advantages of \"flannel draws\" over a \"wadded petticoat.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Says she has been extremely ill and so have many in the area; says she has been traveling in order to improve her health; tells of her problems with Custis and his lessons; says Robert is still holding his office in Washington but wishes to leave; asks how she likes \"the West\" and if her husband is finding success; news of friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports Lucy's? death and grief everyone feels; Nelly? is to be baptized; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e21 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells of their Christmas and New Years celebrations. Also includes \"Mother\" Selina Powell, to Rebecca Powell. Expresses hope that Rebecca can be with her relatives in Baltimore; discusses the nature of receiving advice and making her own decisions concerning her travel plans.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeaks of attending a party; mentions \"matching up\" procedures at party; family news; details Christmas gifts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMentions religious feelings; speaks of a railroad being built nearby; Virginia? had her annual get-together on December 26; of family members; mentions a friend's visit to the Crystal Palace; Mrs. Augustine Washington had the first male child born at Mt. Vernon recently; family news; mentions Rear Admiral Leven Minn Powell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMentions Brooks'? wedding; describes details of the wedding; much family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells of her day spent with Lizzie King and Jane Norris; describes a dinner given for a couple about to get married; news of other friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMentions sicknesses of Nelson Lloyd and John Lloyd; speaks of a Douglas Forrest who attends Yale College; has to take a boat to Washington D.C.; gives price rates per acre of land at that time; gives prices for a lot of land.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily news about cousins Nannie and Fanny?; mentions Uncle Nelson's Lloyd recovery; travels by omnibus.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily news; describes her garden and its contents; Regina? was married; Mr. Livingston? requests influence of Charles L. Powell to obtain the consulship of London through General Baercel?; mentions Mr. McFaddin as being the mayor of Henry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily news; describes the scenery at Locust Hill; some of Uncle George's ? children have chicken pox.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentified as much of note added in unknown handwriting, possibly that of Selina Lloyd Hepburn.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescription of Minna's gravesite; tells what he's doing to improve its appearance.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes trip to Niagara Falls; describes places visited in New York and where he lives; describes his studies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes courses he is studying at school; describes the first time he saw a man dive under water and the suit he wore below water; staying at a boarding house.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Lloyd who died in 1854; estimated price value are given.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes study habits and classes; mentions prices of a ring and a clock; describes his financial situation. .\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes in detail her Quaker wedding to Frank? on 1854 December 14.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNina's Christmas gift from Charles arrived safely; mentions wedding of a fellow student; serenaded the couple with a \"horse fiddle\"; describes his activities in his spelling class; mentions plans to return home in the spring.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses religious beliefs; lists prices for renting his room.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes Charter Oak, an attraction in Hartford; describes his visit to an armory; staying with a Mr. Parsons and describes his family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses financial settlements he is making for his father concerning the house, lands, furniture; says Uncle Fred and Uncle Neb are leaving Henry and they are all \"disgusted\" with Henry and that he thinks his (father's) decision not to come back was wise; mentions the family move to Winchester, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e12 items, 1856. 16 items, 1857\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes their Christmas which was spent at Uncle Fred's and Aunt Lute's; describes a Christmas ball and a New Year's ball in detail; says he has had some problems with dyspepsia; asks about cousin Kate's wedding to a senator.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports on Aunt Lib and Uncle R?'s new son, Richard; says he rented out their house in Henry; says he has been away from \"home\" now for three months; and will not go to New Orleans, Mobile, and Augusta; describes how he decorated Minna's grave, and expresses hope that her resting place will soon be Virginia; asks about their school; sends money from a large profit he made selling land.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes his visit to Louisville where he saw his cousins and went to many social events; says that the train ride from Kentucky was very rough; says he will be in Vicksburg in a week and then will go to Wilmington, North Carolina; Mobile, Alabama; New Orleans; and Memphis, Tennessee; asks about family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes his stay in Vicksburg, and his visit with Mr. And Mrs. Eilbeck Mason and Miss Louisa Fox; says that he did not see Cousin John Russell while in New Orleans; discusses his travel plans; asks about Hatty's teaching.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses joy that she is well from the influenza; says he has recently traveled to Portsmouth, Va,, the Carolinas, Georgia, Alabama and Mississippi; says he will now go to Texas; discusses travel plans; asks her to pick out one of her friends for him; discusses Charlie's new job in St. Louis.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Describes St. Louis and the Virginia House Hotel; inquires about the new scholars the family has taken on; harasses Nina for not writing. Including note from Charles L. Powell, St. Louis, Missouri, to Nina Powell, Winchester, Virginia, 1856 May 4, concerning his happiness about Nina joining the Church.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes hard times in Illinois; intent to move back to Virginia when business picks up; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeaks of influenza and other illnesses prominent in the town; reports the death of Mr. Adies ?; Ellen Powell is in Washington Infirmary; house is being renovated; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays he just returned from Henry; says Charlie is on his way to Henry to start his new job in Uncle Fred's store; describes Henry and the house they used to live in; reports that Uncle Fred is building a house; gives new of Scholastics and Monsieur Carlo; says he will go to Pennsylvania next and then visit them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports that Lloyd Powell is on his way to Virginia; describes their yard and home in Henry; yellow fever is not a problem this year in Illinois; he went to a concert given by the Baleis.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInquires about the \"weddings fair\"; discusses his travels and the loneliness involved in his job; mentions his relief that the campaigns and elections are over; sends messages to friends at home.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNina has begun studying Latin and learning how to draw; mentions the extension of the Chicago and Pern canal down to Henry; much family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells what each family member is doing; discusses religion and the duties of a Christian; gives news of friends who have joined the church; discusses Minna's grave; discusses letter writing; tells of recent marriages and engagements; gives her philosophy on why he should not begin to chew tobacco; news of family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Makes reference to Valentine's Day and Washington's Birthday; mentions last year's parade and the marching continentals; reports of bad rain storm that tore up the railroad track and caused problems with mud and flooding; family news. Includes note signed from Charles L. Powell, Jr., Henry, Illinois, to Nina Powell, Winchester, Virginia, 1857 February 22, telling her to turn to their 'one friend' for strength and advice.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Describes a storm which kept him in Henry, Illinois, unable to travel; gives recent travel plans, including a trip to Philadelphia by boat; gives news of friends and family in Henry; says many river towns are flooded.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports his knowledge of Lloyd's Powell return to Winchester; relatives are going to the Episicpal Church for Easter; reports Dr. Hoagland ? as being a bad tenant in their house in Illinois; mentions happiness that Nina Powell is joining the church today.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives news of relatives in Alexandria; tells his travel plans; says he finds the women of Virginia far more appealing than those of South Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUncle Fred? and Aunt Lucy? are leaving for Virginia; sending his mother his daguerreotype, a photograph; reports that Lloyd is in St. Louis; Bridget, a past boarder, had a little girl; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes the family vacation and adventures; describes the baths; mentions the parties they have attended; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily is on vacation; describes activities and scenery at Capon Springs; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeaks about taking inventory at the store; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays they just got back from Capon; asks her not to take silver nitrate for her headaches; says they have all improved their health by the visit to Capon; says \"brother\" Nelson is now there hoping the springs will help him; says they did not get the house that they wanted to rent; gives news of friends; says Rebecca, Hatty, and Lloyd are there. Including letter from Charles L. Powell to Nina Powell. Says that he misses her and wishes she could have been at Capon; asks about her headaches.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes his travels from Baltimore to Henry; mentions shortage of money due to bank failures; gives detailed news of the town, including improvements being made; news of Henry relatives; mentions that the bank failures will result in fewer land dealings and therefore, less work for him; asks about the young ladies of Winchester.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInquires about Mr. Waler's? lectures; attends the Methodist Church now; reports of the adventures during hunting season; mentions the new idea of pavement sidewalks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes a severe snowstorm and its effects on Henry; tells how he spent Thanksgiving day; describes their new cook with whom he is infatuated; mentions the death of Robert Conrad?; gives messages of friends in Winchester.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports of Nina getting her teeth straightened; describes method; reports that the number of scarlet fever cases is greatly reduced; she is very busy with the boarding school; tells of a fight between Charlie McCormick and a police officer; mentions Hunter Holmes McGuire; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the death of Robert ? and the reaction of the town; gives news of friends; sends her love to her mother and relatives; wants to know what Dr. Chase said about her teeth.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWrites about Nina's plans to go home; says she is concerned about her traveling when her teeth are in such a condition.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to the \"hard times\" everyone is experiencing; describes farm activities; family news; describes how to make a mousetrap.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes midwest weather and the usual fall-like temperatures; says that they are all much healthier because of the mild weather; says ties are hard and the bank in Henry just closed, but that the town is continuing to improve; asks about Mrs. Powell's occupation, teaching; mentions the death of Robert Conrad and describes his character; messages to family members.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports of freezing temperatures of -15 F and snow in Henry; mentions sleighing in the snow; reports story of a bank robbery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports of Lloyd's Powell trip to St. Louis to try and find Charles a job; family news; mentions a Mr. Lombard who plans to return to Henry and open a bank of issue.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses who owes him letters from home; says he could not find a job for Charley Charles L. Powell, Jr.? in St. Louis because of the poor economy; gives news of Randolph Powell, of St. Louis, and John Webb Powell, of Utah; says he will be home during the summer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMentions that she missed his birthday with a card but thought of him that day; expresses religious feelings and beliefs; family news; lists people recently confirmed in the Church; outbreak of typhus fever at the University ?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells of his travels; describes Memphis, Tenn.; gives news of \"cousin\" William Powell who resides in Memphis; gives news of Mr. And Mrs. Mason, residing in Vicksburg; describes Leake County where he sold some of his Uncle Nelson's land; gives news of \"cousin\" John Wilson of New Orleans and of \"cousin\" John Chilton, who may send his daughter Sarah to school in Virginia; tells his travel plans, stating he will be in Virginia in a month; gives news to family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes scenery where he is; tells of a May party that some school girls had; describes his boat riding trip; family news; mentions arrival of Mr. Winn, the new Presbyterian minister.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports having been sick with a bad cold; family news; Nina has problems with other schoolgirls because her parents operate the school; trying to plan Charlie's return home for the summer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAsks about fourth of July entertainment; Mr. Winn gave an exceptional sermon; Uncle Richard? bought a piano and a side-saddle; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInquires about boarding students; inquires about vacations at Capon Springs, West Virginia; tells of his success at duck hunting; family news; mentions Stephen A. Douglas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives news of Uncle Richard's and Uncle Fred's families; says that Frank's baby is still ill; gives news of Hammond and Minna; comments that he will not see his family for another year; gives news of Charlie Charles L. Powell, Jr. and his employment possibilities; asks about Uncle Neb of Clark, Va?.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives her opinion about chewing tobacco, smoking, and other bad habits; incorporates religious duty into her opinion; some family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses his habit of chewing tobacco and how he should discipline himself to quit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the weather; reports on Hammond; reports that Mr. Chandler of Henry is getting married in Boston; says they will stay at Mrs. Taber's for the winter; gives news of Charlie (Charles) L. Powell, Jr.; comments on the involvement of women in politics in Henry; news of friends; comments on the decreased enrollment at the family school, saying they will at least have a lighter workload; mentions Stephen A. Douglas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses her disappointment in Charlie's having tasted tobacco; tells him that he is doing wrong to continue this habit; voices many religious views.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports that river is flooding the town; talks of Christmas holidays; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA birthday letter for Nina's sixteenth birthday; describes the weather; family news; Min? is the \"editress\" of the \"Minnehaha\"; tells of the affairs of a Miss Amanda?.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives account of how he spends his days with emphasis on his Sunday activities; tried to quit chewing tobacco but couldn't; tells of episode where Uncle Richard? lost his saddle bags in the town of Bradford; river was frozen and people are ice skating; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells where the girls boarding with them are going for Christmas; describes their Christmas plans; recollects their last Christmas with Minna; gives religious advice; sends her love to Lloyd.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e18 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWould love for her to stay with him; mentions a sister Hannah.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports that Lloyd Powelland Uncle Richard ? have gone to Memphis, Tenn.; tells of the building of a road for $10,000; describes a surprise party he attended; mentions Valentine's Day and how many he has received; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports that Uncle Richard and Frank are with him in Memphis, to see if they want to move there; says that he does not believe Uncle Richard will leave Illinois, but that Frank probably will; says that they tried to look up William Powell but he had moved to Arkansas; discusses the possibilities of his parents establishing a school in the area, and the risks involved.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives news of Uncle Richard and Uncle Fred; says Uncle Fred and Frank will close their business and leave Henry; tells of a conversation with Bishop Otey of Memphis on the subject of establishing a girls school there; gives details of the proposal in case his father is interested; gives news of the private school situation in Arkansas; reports on his business dealings in Arkansas; discusses financial matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives news of Uncle Fred who has been ill; says that the women of the town are all inspecting the new spring goods brought in from Saint Louis; discusses his daily schedule; says Charlie Charles L. Powell, Jr. is in singing school; asks about Nina's walks and lectures on the benefits of exercise to health and appearance.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes spring in Illinois; inquires about relatives in Alexandria; comments on Uncle Nelson's helpless state; discusses the chances of recovering Uncle Nelson's lands in Arkansas; describes the area of Henry where the family used to live; comments that she now weights 108 lbs., which is more than her daughters weigh; sends his love to Grand Ma Powell, Aunt Ann, and Uncle Neb.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA baby girl was born who is Nina's cousin Uncle Richard's daughter?; describes a fishing trip; mentions finding several Indian graves with skeletons and other items; tells story of a \"mad\" dog who bit many people.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives news of Illinois relatives; describes a trip that he and Uncle Richard took through Stark County, emphasizing the changes that have taken place in the last five years; comments on Charley's Charles L. Powell, Jr. development into a young man; reports that Uncle Richard will leave the land business on September 1st; discusses his involvement in the business and his desire to visit Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses his relief that his brother Charles arrived safely in Va.; comments on how scattered the family is at present; mentions Cousin Fanny Cochran's wedding in Middleburg, Virginia; discusses Mr. Hyde's trip in the \"aerial vessel\" Atlantic from St. Louis to New York, as reported in the \"Republican\"; reports that Frank has another son, Horatio Nelson; news of other Illinois relatives; describes the July 4 festivities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses an unprofitable year for his business; discusses a business proposition made to his brother Charles and Harry and Benton Janney by Uncle Richard, concerning the opening of the store; gives news of Illinois relatives; comments that his Uncle Richard, who just turned 43, may begin to use his middle name again and become Richard H. Lloyd; comments on how, in the past twenty years, the Powell family has spread from \"New York to Salt Lake City, and from the 'Lakes' to the Gulf of Mexico.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports that Uncle Richard, Minna will stop at Fulton County to visit relatives; gives his opinion about Minna not returning to Winchester Va. for school, stating that she has become too undisciplined and used to complete freedom in Illinois to be effectively taught in a school; describes Frank's son Horatio Nelson; comments on the family's health, saying that his father Charles L. Powell weights twenty pounds more than he does and his mother Selina L. Powell weighs only six pounds less, and also weighs more than any of her three brothers in Illinois; asks her if she is finished school and will make her debut.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports that Charley (Charles) L. Powell, Jr., Harry and Benton Janney have begun their business named \"H and TB Janney and Co.\" Asks about the boarding school and discusses the difficulties of running one; reports that Frank's family and Mrs. Hammond? are on their way to Memphis to live; reports that Uncle Fred is planning an extended visit to Virginia, and then will probably move to Memphis; says he and Uncle Richard dissolved their partnership and that Uncle Richard plans to move to Memphis as well; reports that crops are poor, so his business will be slow; plans to see them for Christmas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports that there is a County Fair next week; describes in detail an incident of a burning well; expresses sorrow that the family school will be so small this year; reports that the 'W. S. Fair' in Chicago is now over.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discussing fall and winter goods being stocked at \"Lloyd's Big Brick\" in Henry, Illinois\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003efamily news; mentions marriage of Miss Hutchins, and deaths of 2 children of Mrs. Clara Ferguson; received invitation to wedding of \"Miss Mittie;\" gives his opinion of marriage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA French teacher at the boarding school died; mentions excitement due to 'John' Browne's execution and that there are 26 companies of soldiers at Charlestown, West Virginia; mentions growing discontent of slaves; describes how men have loaded pistols ready in their homes; tells how many people are being imprisoned; tells of other strains between North and South; some family news; mentions Robert Young Conrad.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports that Uncle Richard's baby has been christened Elizabeth Jenkins Lloyd; comments that this is the day that John Brown is to be executed; comments on the number of arrests in Virginia of strangers traveling through the state. Including newspaper clipping, n.d., of a poem about infants.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses Professors Wise and LaMountain's attempt to establish daily balloon transportation from the \"Western\" states to the East Coast; family news; says he is anxious for the family in Illinois to move south; mentions the execution of \"Cook and his Confederates\" involved in John Brown's attempted insurrection on December 16.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInvitation to a \"Leap Year\" party.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Mentions and encloses invitation to a \"Leap Year\" party; describes events at the party; describes weather and reports of a sleighing party; reports marriage of Mary Ann Hoyt, friend of the family. Including note from Maggie J. Richmond, Henry, Illinois, to Charles L. Powell, Jr., Henry, Illinois, 1860 February, inviting him to a \"Leap Year\" party.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTalks about Uncle Richard's? baby girl; gives report of Charles L. Powell and some family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses \"spring fever\" concerning work; describes weather; speaks of Uncle Nelson's Lloyd death and how it should be a happy time; thanks his father for \"Alexandria Gazettes\" containing articles about the Whig convention; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWrites about her feelings during the time following her brother Nelson's death; recounts the last days she spent with Nelson Lloyd.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTalks about assessed value of some land or property and makes reference to Lloyd Brothers and Co.; speaks of crops and the effects of the weather; mentions how road being finished would provide trade with those on the other side of the river; township will vote on how to acquire additional funds to complete the road; mentions the whig convention and how they now represent such a small minority of people.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTalks of spring dresses and bonnets; mentions hearing address by William McDonald; discusses opening of a shoe and book manufactory; speaks of beating \"the 'Yankees' with their own men;\" family news; religious advice; mentions use of telegraph.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses agriculture and effects of weather on crops; talks of visiting New England and of dislike of their attitudes; expresses extreme negative opinion of 'Yankees.'\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily news; mentions work at the store; discusses events around town. Including poem? written in Latin on both sides of envelope. Locks of hair also enclosed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses crops and agriculture; describes Illinois scenery; family news; inquires about trip to Capron Springs; mentions \"Uncle Richard's\" card selling tour.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses Congressional race; mentions Cassius M. Clay of Kentucky and his visit to Illinois; talks about rise in crime; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses confusion about having joined the church; religious discussion; some family and neighborhood news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInquires about trip to New England; mentions \"Alexandria Sentinel;\" family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses climate and busy season of Christmas; debates issue of Civil War and effects; gives religious advice; family news; Robert Young Conrad.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses problems due to political and financial situation of the country; talks about boils on his hand; family news; mentions kindness of Mayor Turner.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNina's eighteenth birthday; discusses the weather; talks about sleighing and skating; mentions \"Pickwick Papers\" and describes hunting interest; makes reference to several literary works.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTalks of trade being slow; election of a Mr. McFadden as \"Justice of the Peace\"; mentions sleighing and the weather; describes hayride in snow and people he went with.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses his indebtedness to his father and his financial situation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses political situation and \"imminent danger of Civil War\"; comments on government involvement and troops in a war; mentions social life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses the imminent war and that it will be the third one in her lifetime; talks about effects of a war from past experience; family news. 3 pages. letter signed. Including note signed from \"grandmother\" Catharine Powell, Bellevue, Va.?, to Rebecca Powell, Winchester, Virginia, 1861 January 20, inquiring about being able to paint for her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes his dog and its habits and actions; talks about a fight at a warehouse; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses pros, cons, and possibilities of a war; talks about being able to cross North/South Line if he comes to Virginia; describes weather; mentions indoor winter activities; refers to marriage and courting habits; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBriefly discusses the Navy; describes wedding of Nellie Hall and a Mr. Kellogg; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInformation concerning troop movements around Harper's Ferry; mentions a Col. Bowen, superintendent Barbour, and a Col. Moore.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses explosion of armory at Harper's Ferry; speaks of united Southern forces; mentions involvement of friends including Powell Grady; Powell and Holmes Conrad; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSuffering from inflammation of eyes; discusses possibility of Illinois and Virginia residents being separated during the war; Virginia's succession from the Union; Democrats opposition to the war with the South; talks about surrender of Fort Sumter; confusion about whether to leave or stay in Henry; some family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses Colonel Robert Lee and movement of troops; mentions Georgetown Heights, Alexandria Heights, and the Valley counties; some family news; mentions Rockingham Rifles.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlockade established at the mouth of the Ohio; Southern trade suspended; some family news; inquires about situation in Virginia concerning the war.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses a proclamation of Lincoln; politics and effects of the Civil War; dominance of Lincoln's party in Louisville, Kentucky; some family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOrders to stop mail from Virginia.; Alexandria occupied by North; Fairfax cavalry taken prisoner; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWar's effects on postal service; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks her for package of food and lists contents; speaks of newspaper Richmond Dispatch as a rare luxury; describes camp life; enemy is at Williamsport, Md.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses camp life and its required adjustment; mentions accidental shooting of two men as their only pessimistic experience so far; gives account of battles reported in the Baltimore Sun Baltimore Sun; majority of men in army are under 21; describes how soldiers try to get food from surrounding farmers and their families.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses uniforms, saying that they are everywhere, and that a \"John Brown\" has increased the \"military spirit\" in Virginia; asks about Lloyd; discusses books he has read and that she recommends; describes their daily schedule and when she has time to read; discusses food in season; news of family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrepares for battle; states that he is ready to do his duty for his country; mentions that the Continentals lost two men in the engagement the day before.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRegrets that he cannot keep their date for the afternoon due to Army business.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Mentions her husband's attack of dysentery; family news; gives news of friends and family; hopes war will soon be over so that the family can all be together; expresses religious feelings; wishes that they could write more freely; tells him to send his letters to E. J. Lee in Maryland who will forward them South to them. Including note, from Selina (Lloyd) Powell, Winchester, Virginia, to \"Charlie,\" Charles L. Powell, Jr., , relating more family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAsks for specific items of clothing to be sent because he does not know when he can return home; refers to Haresack? and asks that she make him a smaller one.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes description of L. Powell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescription of how Lloyd Powell was shot in battle of Manassas; details of his personal characteristics and attitudes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses sympathy in regard to Lloyd Powell's death; offers comforting words from the Bible. Including letter, from Sue P. Lee, Lexington, Va. to Nina Powell, Winchester, Virginia, 1861 July 29, offering condolences on the death of her brother, Lloyd Powell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks Nina for her letter of sympathy concerning the death of her mother; gives news of her brothers and sisters; says that she has terminated her relations with cousin R.? because she could not marry a first cousin; discusses their friendship.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComplains of poor postal service; tells him of Lloyd Powell's death; remembers about Lloyd's characteristics and qualities; says that typhoid fever is spreading in the town; talks about her servants; family news; reports of Willie Lee Chilton's death, a second cousin; expresses religious view.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLove letter to her; proposes marriage to her and her guardian and asks for a reply.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSigned also by J. R. Bowen, Justice of the Peace, stating that Charles L. Powell, Jr. has taken necessary oaths to become Deputy Marshal. . Including on verso, document, from Brigadier General James H. Carson, 1861 October 24, Charles L. Powell, Jr. permission to cross back and forth over enemy lines.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks her for package she sent him; describes his situation and effects of the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks her for cap she sent him; his company is located at the \"Big Spring\" near Mr. Gray's.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStates that 'Yankees' were in Shepherdstown, WVa. a few nights ago; family news; sends condolences on loss of her brother Lloyd Powell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSympathizes upon loss of Nina's brother, Lloyd Powell; relates her story of when her father died; expresses indebtedness to Nina's mother Selina (Lloyd) Powell; mentions sickness prevalent in Winchester, Va.; discusses her brother's Bob Lucas experiences as a soldier; Charles L. Powell, Sr., has accepted position in Richmond; news of spending summer at Col. LaRue's in Clarke to escape the Yankees.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks her for a cap she made and sent to him; expecting to go to camp soon; some family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells of explosion that a Mr. Hubard caused trying to perfect something like \"Greek fire\" to sell to the government, similar to a powder to use in shells; describes condition of Mr. Hubard, his subsequent operations and death.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Wanted to give her news from Winchester, Virginia, but \"the spy\" had to burn his information for fear it would fall into enemy hands; tells stories of houses being searched by soldiers; news of friends and relatives; decorated with \"Confederate States of America\" seal.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTrying to catch up with Stonewall Jackson's troops; describes camp life and strategy concerning the Yankees.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePossibility of 'Yankees' taking Richmond; discusses importance of trust in God during battles; inquires about Robert Lee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeneral information on troop movements; mentions Battle of Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes being a member of Jackson's Army; mentions \"Rockbridge Artillery\" being full; family news. Decorated with \"Liberty and Union\" seal.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStonewall Jackson captured two entire enemy regiments; enemy took part of Central Railroad; troop movements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily news; disappointment about not being able to be with Stonewall Jackson in his last fight.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the family's living arrangements; thanks her for finding a home for her to stay in, but feels it would be less imposing if she stayed where Nina is teaching in Prince Edward County; hopes that they can all live together soon; rejoices over Jackson's victory in retaking the \"old town\"; says that the Garlands have been very kind during her stay with them; discusses her traveling plans.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeath of friends, Willie Gray and Marshall Barton; death of various others in war including Turner Asby; talks of having made herself a sun-bonnet; news of family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeaks of getting a job as a clerk in Major Vaun's office; information about Stonewall Jackson's victories; reports Colonel Ashby's death.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReviews routine activities; much family and friend news; discusses Stonewall Jackson's troops.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Everyone feeling ill and weighing less; family news; possible fighting in Richmond, Virginia; Stonewall Jackson is at Hanover Junction, Va.; problem with fleas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe cannot get into the Rockbridge Artillery; she is staying with a Col. and Mrs. Tucker; battle of Richmond has begun; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Got position as a clerk in the Quarter Master's Office under Capt. Irwin, first cousin of Selina (Lloyd) Powell; Stonewall Jackson's army passed through Gordonsville about a week ago; talks of deserters from both sides wandering in mountains west of Winchester, Va.; South won battle in Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Got position as a clerk in the Quarter Master's Office under Capt. Irwin, first cousin of Selina (Lloyd) Powell; Stonewall Jackson's army passed through Gordonsville about a week ago; talks of deserters from both sides wandering in mountains west of Winchester, Va.; South won battle in Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Fighting around Richmond, Virginia; Stonewall Jackson's Army arrived to help; describes strategies and events of war.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDetails about progress of the war; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Personal experience in Army. Including newspaper clipping of a poem by John. R. Thompson, entitled \"Ashby\" from a Richmond, Virginia newspaper dated 1862 June 13 , about the war.Verso is Rebecca Powell to Selina (Lloyd) Powell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Makes reference to Stonewall Jackson's army and his efforts in Richmond, Virginia; relates events of war and involvement of friends and relatives; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses people she knows who have been wounded or killed in the war; refers to battles at Richmond and Chickahominy, Va.; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses disappointment that her parents didn't get to visit her; complains of \"M's\" temper; gives list of supplies that she has purchased or ordered.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePreparing to go to Gordonsville to join Braxton's Battery; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas joined Braxton's artillery; give details of battles and accounts of those wounded and killed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes battle between his battery and the 'Yankees;' describes Captain Braxton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe has jaundice; personal account of stay in Richmond; discusses salary; accounts of the war.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCharles L. Powell, Jr. was killed; added to letter later her husband is still yellow with jaundice; saw the President Davis and his wife; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExplains events of Charles L. Powell, Jr.'s death near Warrenton Springs, Va.; includes sketch of battlegrounds.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTown gossip; tells story of a Dr. Conrad's arrest and ordeal; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTalks of our troops making it into Maryland; family news; prevalence of typhoid fever; discusses Southern attitudes about the Civil War, and Northerners.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReligious account and explanation of Charles L. Powell, Jr.'s death.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInforms her of \"Charley's Charles L. Powell, Jr. death; encloses a copy of Capt. Carter M. Braxton's report of the events leading to Charles L. Powell's death.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOffers sympathy for the loss of his son, Charles L. Powell, Jr.; describes the death of their sister Ellen Powell Gray; reports on the welfare of Ellen's family - Mr. William Gray, Kate and Arthur; news of family. Including letter from \"Mother\" Selina L. Powell, to Hattie Powell. Discusses the state of their belongings in their former house in Winchester and what will be sold through cousin Sarah Powell Conrad; says if they do not intend to return, then it should all be sold.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks her for her sympathy upon death of Rebecca's brother, Charles L. Powell, Jr.; expresses religious views; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResponds to news of Charles L. Powell, Jr.'s death; family news; reports on her own health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes description of Charles L. Powell and the battle. (Newspaper clipping.)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Lots of family and town news; mentions that army is located near her in Winchester, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives her daily routine schedule; involved in knitting for the soldiers; doesn't seem to think 'Yankees' will approach Richmond, Va.; remembers her son \"Charley\" Charles L. Powell, Jr. often.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses their friendship and situation of the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses sympathy for the death of her brother, Charles L. Powell, Jr.; describes in detail the death of her mother, Ellen Powell Gray and reveals her feelings concerning it; gives news of their Powell relatives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses daily routine; problem with typhoid fever; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComments on incidents of typhoid fever; family news; discusses her minister and baptism of a baby.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes circumstances of her daughter Annie's sickness and death; offers sympathy for death of Charles L. Powell, Jr.; family news; including recital of Fenella's funeral rites; \"Earth to Earth, Dust to Dust...\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses business matters in Winchester that she is taking care of for Charles L. Powell; discusses the ear and the situation in Winchester; sends him some books, stating that the 'Yankees' carried off the rest of them; reports of a proposed armistice.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes sickness causing a delirious state for a few days; family news; knitting as a popular pastime; discusses weather; 'Yankees' still have Gloucester Point as a fort; soldiers suffering from \"rot\" that kills them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses John Milton's works; family news; Longstreet's Corps has occupied many points near Culpeper Court House. 2 pages. letter signed. Including note signed from Nina Powell, Kenmuir, Louisa County, Va. to \"sister\" either Hattie or Rebecca Powell, , 1862 November 5, reporting family news. Also including note from Selina Powell,Kenmuir, Louisa County, Va.. Expresses grief over Annie Lee's death; asks about Robert E. Lee; prevalence of typhoid fever; describes weather and landscape; 'Yankees' did not disturb Charles L. Powell, Jr.'s grave; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends this letter with a letter from Hunter, her brother; comments that Hattie has now been gone from Winchester eight months; says life is fine when Confederate soldiers are in Winchester, but that it is miserable when the 'Yankees' come; says General Jackson has visited them and has his headquarters on the road to Front Royal; says he gave her his photograph and he will send a copy; writes that they are working very hard because the few servants in town are cooking for the soldiers; lists people who will leave town if the 'Yankees' return; says Cousin Betty looks unwell because she works so hard in the hospitals ; writes that they only have 500 sick beds in the hospitals; mentions the destruction by 'Yankees' in other counties; fears they will soon suffer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends thanks for present he received because it will be useful during the winter; expresses desire for peace in the country.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily news; expresses concern that the Southern army is suffering from a lack of clothes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses her feelings of loneliness, as she lives among strangers; expresses other worries of disease and of the war; discusses problems with diphtheria in the neighborhood; comments on the shortage of men in the neighborhood, in particular healthy, attractive ones; discusses the hardships of Uncle Prosser and Aunt ReBecca whose former servants burnt much of their property; news of friends and family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the condition of Charles L. Powell's estate and what business has been transacted; lists what articles from their home have been sold, commenting that most people in Winchester are not buying things because they are leaving to journey \"up the Valley\"; reports that 4000 men are guarding Winchester, that some tobacco has been burned, and that preparation for evacuation is underway; describes 'Yankee' attacks in Charlestown; comments on the effect of the fear of attack on everyone in the town; gives news of friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Comments on problems with influenza; refers to a Capt. Duff and his defense of Leesburg, Virginia; gives news of town since troops have arrived; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMakes references to the Clarke Cavalry and a Capt. Carter; possessions have been pillaged and towns have been ruined; has to quit farming because of war.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWishes Nina a Happy Birthday; refers to God and asks to enter his Kingdom; mentions a friend who died from diphtheria; discusses Stonewall Jackson's opposition to the enemy at Port Royal, Va.; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses everyone's fear of diphtheria; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMakes references to Gen. Robert E. Lee's victories; lots of family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses the difficulty of losing so many brave men in the war.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReminisces about their last Christmas together; discusses the slaves and their ability to be dangerous.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Expresses desire for peace and to return to Winchester, Virginia; much town and family news; sorry they can't spend Christmas together.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShe has been ill with a cough and cold; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInquires about a John Tabb; tells activities of Kate Gordon who is staying with them; mentions a bombazine fine twilled silk fabric; people looking for teaching positions; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLots of town and family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProblems with smallpox; family news; mentions Judge Lee's ? suicide. .\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHer husband, Charles L. Powell, Sr., is still looking for a teaching job; recommends reading as a worthwhile hobby.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes how her family spent Christmas; thanks her for the cap she made for her brother Rob; discusses the sadness of Hattie's Christmas; discusses friendship; reports that she heard from Mary ? who is living behind Union lines in King George.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMentions a Col. Tucker?; talks about her personal health; refers to the \"conscript act\"; gives impressions of deaths resulting from the Civil War and ideas of a forthcoming peace; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily news; refers to robbery of all servants; tells stories of confrontations with the enemy and experiences while at war; discusses food he has to eat; mentions has heard news of Grandma's death; mentions William Edmonson Jones.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003efamily news; discusses her pay for tutoring.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMentions their father's new employment in Greenville; news of family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Family news; describes some of daily activities.Including N. C. E.?, to Nina Powell, , post 1863 March 13 giving neighborhood news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Comments on Cavalry's victory in Culpeper, Va.; describes poverty situation in Winchester, Virginia, as result of Civil War; discusses situations in Romney, West Virginia; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives information on job prospects; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFound a teaching job in Powhatan; describes location and plans to build a house.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComments on his activities in the Army; refers to \"the Picketts;\" tells of damage and destruction in Winchester, Va., as a result of 'Yankee' invasion.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComments on experiences in Army; expresses sadness that young men can't receive education during the war; family news; states that Tip? Powell and Frank Grady were captured in Loudoun, Va.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses clothes; family news; says they will visit Shirley Plantation soon; says Mary? must remain within the Union lines because the only way to leave is to walk eighteen miles at night, carrying baggage; mentions Robert E. Lee, George Washington, and Custis Lee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMentions interest in soldiers, especially the South Carolina gentlemen; talks about sources of entertainment; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes his house and surroundings; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMentions \"taking bitters (a tea) made of sarsaparilla root\" for strength and to purify her blood; expresses hopes for war to soon be over; 'Yankees' now have Fauquier under their control; family news; refers to receiving news through the Enquirer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses when the family members will see each other; gives news of Powell relatives at Locust Hill; says that goods cannot be sent to them from Locust Hill Leesburg, Virginia because of a blockade; inquires about the fighting in Fredericksburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTalks about General Stuart's decision to review his Division; refers to great loss at Battle of Chancellorsville in the death of General \"Stonewall\" Jackson; describes events of war near Rowlesburg, WVa.; comments on his troops various attacks on different Railroads; gives details about other battles.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily news; comments on how quickly her chickens are dying.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses fighting in the Civil War and loss of servants; family news and sick and wounded from Battle of Gettysburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComments on war, pestilence and famine; discusses the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStates that Nina Powell has been recommended to him to take care of his children as well as tutoring them; requests response to his offer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses pillaging by the Union troops; comments on men who have given their lives for the southern cause; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComments on scarcity of various staples; offers her $300 to come and teach his children.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses \"keeping house\" and how much it costs to do so; family news; comments on the Battle of Manassas.Including note from ?, , to Hatty sic Powell, , undated, discussing delivery of enclosed note to Custis Lee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAttempts to appease Nina's apprehensions about coming to Hanover County if the enemy is there; wants her to begin working the first of October.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOffer to substitute himself for William Henry Fitzhugh Lee as a Northern prisoner of War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily news; questions Nina about her \"beaux\" and his courting ways; discusses education.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to burning her previous letter in case of a fight whence it could become public; relates news of troops; family news; discusses fight from the Rappahannock to the Rapidan Rivers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLots of family news; states that a man named Taylor Johns has fallen in love with Nina Powell; discusses situation at the Stringfellow's, where Nina now lives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses in detail his new teaching position; family information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives cotton prices as $3.75 a yard; discusses Battle at Manassas; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComments on her husband's new position in Albemarle; family news; mentions some events in reference to the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays she saw her father Charles L. Powell, Sr. on his way to move into Cousin R's?; describes her trip to Charlottesville; expresses satisfaction that her mother is able to stay with Uncle Fred and Lute; reports she has eleven scholars.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily news; discusses her job as a teacher; discusses \"preserving with molasses\"; expresses anger and confusion about Nina's beaux David ?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses his teaching position.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives opinion on attitudes of young people; family news; expresses interest in religion.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses plans for Christmas, including costs involved and where they can stay; discusses death of Cousin? Temple Grady and its effect on other relatives; discusses teaching and their role in the war effort.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to a battle at Chattanooga, Tennessee; and General Longstreet; discusses cotton and its discount price of $18 a bale; comments on young gentlemen who have come to visit her; other town and family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks Hattie for her kind gift of a Bible; gives details of present experience as a soldier in the Civil War; expresses sadness for those who died in the battle.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMentions a Carrie Hobson's death resulting from a \"perforation of the bowels\" (typhoid fever); family and town news; mentions Temple Grady's brother of C. Powell Grady? death; refers to having some corsets made.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily news; expresses concern about \"national affairs;\" discusses religious point of view.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily news; discusses General Bragg and his great ability as a leader.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily news; states that he met Mr. Seddon, Secretary of War and they discussed Judah Benjamin; gives some views of what is happening with the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMentions General Longstreet's retreat from Knoxville, Tenn.; comments on giving Nina some linen for \"sleeves or sleeve bands;\" family news; discusses harvesting of crops; comments on threats that \"Yanks\" are making.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses insufficiency of cotton crops; mentions that her son is on a war vessel, in the ocean, \"larger than the Florida and the Alabama.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to travel by carriage; discusses mailing \"bleached cotton;\" family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMentions story where 'Yankees' come into towns and arrest Southerners; refers to daguerreotypes; writes a poem/prayer to God about grief he and others have experienced.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWishes Nina a Merry Christmas since she (Nina) will be together with her parents; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the inclement weather; states that she had butter and tea for celebration on Christmas morning; gives price of calico as $ 6 per yard.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComments on her friends spending New Year's Eve at the President's; mentions walking to the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, Virginia; family news; refers to cotton vs. bleached cotton; discusses typhoid fever; comments on subject of religion.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily news; expresses hopes for an end to the Civil War; mentions a book, \"Home Influency\" that deals with raising children.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMentions losing her heart to a Lieutenant Blackford; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMentions having forgotten Nina's birthday and becoming more absent minded; states that demonstrating affection in public is not good practice; gives advice and opinion on men and courting; has put \"vie dollars in gold and $25 in Virginia. Bank notes\"; and discusses school teaching; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas been suffering from sickness similar to typhoid fever; mentions that many servants have the measles; states that the key to her watch is worn out and she cannot wind it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOffers advice about teaching; has seen John C. Pemberton; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses her illness typhoid fever?; describes her Christmas diversions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComments on how he misses having the women in his family at home; family news; discuses some aspects of the Civil War; mentions Robert Young Conrad.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily news; expresses hope that the Civil War will soon end; expresses grief of her Mother's death.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses concern about Hattie Powell's sickness; family news and town gossip; mentions some of the types of food they've been eating; talks about \"yanks\" and their disruptiveness; mentions Robert Young Conrad.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives Nina advice on how to terminate her engagement with John Dupuy; writes of the death of Hunter McGuire's sister, May; says she now has twelve scholars; news of family and friends; discusses books and mentions Robert Young Conrad.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays she has been busy knitting gloves, sewing, teaching, nursing, and being sick; says she is nearly \"well and fat\" again; says that her hair has not started to come back yet, but that when it does, she has been told to shave it; asks who Nina's friend Lizzie is; describes people she has met; reports where troops are; discusses ways she is trying to get cotton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdvises Minnie not to be grieved about their mother's death; some family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArticle in which Jefferson Davis praises the Confederate soldiers for their \"devotion and self-sacrifice,\" and assures them of their capabilities against the declining enemy; also includes a commentary about Davis' speech, stating that the present spirit of the South has never been paralleled in history.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCongratulates Nina on her engagement to John J. Dupuy; discusses their friendship; news of family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMentions a girl's death from diphtheria; refers to traveling by train; discusses blockade of the Potomac River; comments on greenbacks and their value; refers to the 'Yankee Congress;' general Civil War news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives consent for him to marry Nina after listing the pros and cons of the situation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTown news and family news; refers to knitting as a past time; states that her hair has not begun to \"come out yet\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses her new beau; much family and town news; refers to events of the Civil War and the Powhatan troops.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays that her employer, Mrs. Stringfellow, has offered to allow her two weeks for Easter; asks permission to come home; gives detailed plans on how she could get there cheaply; says the \"troops\" will return before Easter; asks if her father is coming home for the holiday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses selection of a minister; comments on her knitting for the soldiers; town gossip and family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses sale of a draft on New York for $625.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks her for gloves she knitted and set to him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComments on her sister's problem with inflammatory rheumatism; much town and family news; tells stories of soldiers who have returned home; comments on lack of patriotism in the country; mentions readying.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells of a shopping trip she took to Charlottesville, and the people she saw; describes a visit to see their father at Cousin R. Nowland's; discusses the new tax law, the \"panic,\" and the new monetary issue; news of friends and family; mentions reading.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMakes reference to needing a straw-splitter; discusses financial situation; comments on Nina's engagement to \"Brother John\" Dupuy?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMentions interruption of communications due to Yankee Raid; states that he sat near Gen. Robert E. Lee and Mr. Edmund Lee on a train car and talked with them; describes conversation; discusses the events of the Civil Warincluding Lee's near capture by Custis' divisionary raid through Albemarle County, during the Kilpatrick - Dahlgren Raid on Richmond; mentions Holmes Conrad.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMuch town news; discusses 'Yankees' and their progression; comments on her attempts to hide her silver on her body in order to keep it from the Yankees.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily news; expresses religious views.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily news; discusses events of the Civil War; including raid by Custis on Albemarle; mentions Holmes Conrad.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the weather; much town and family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays her Easter plans have been cancelled because of the snow storm; mentions how close she (Nina) has been to the Union troops; says she feels much better and now weights 114 pounds; reports on fatal measles in the area; reports on how she has spent her time with Captain Morgan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends her a letter from Kate?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses buying and selling cotton; comments on college opportunities; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily news and town gossip; comments on gold lace on the coats of those who make rank of Captain.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily news; refers to Nina's grandmother's Anne Harriotte (Lee) Lloyd death; discusses 'Yankees' and their progress; mentions Robert Young Conrad.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComments on reading as a pastime and mentions ? Cooper's novels; family news; refers to 'Yankees' taking hostages; mentions Robert Young Conrad.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes her daily schedule; reports how their Aunt Jeanie Lloyd and Aunt ReBecca are doing in relation to the war; describes social visits; mentions an Aunt Nannie; news of family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses weather and its effects on gardens and crops; comments on 'Yankees' and news about the Civil War; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily news; comments on news of the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives detailed description of fighting near Beaver Dam, Va., as told to her by some of the soldiers; mentions visit by Gen. Stuart; describes other events of the war from personal point of view.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily news; discusses struggle on the Rapidan River; tells of other Civil War news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses general battle news; expresses concern about struggle in Hanover County, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses events of the war; comments on actions of Yankees.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Comments on armies being at Hanover Junction and expresses her concern and fears; refers to burning of Powhatan depot by Union troops. Including note from Selina (Lloyd) Powell, Charlotte County, Va., to Nina Powell, Verdon, Hanover County, Virginia, 1864 May 24, correcting some spelling errors.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses relief that the 'Yankees' did not come through the area where Nina is; says that her father wants her Nina to leave soon because of the danger; says things are so scarce in Charlotte that there would not be enough to feed her; expresses relief that Nina is not living between the two railroads; says the news they get about the war is encouraging, but she thinks the conflict will be a long one; discusses plans to get the family together.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to battle of Vicksburg; tells of other developments of the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to a cousin, Mrs. Randolph Tucker whose house is at the corner of Grace and Adams street in Richmond; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAsks about Nina's daily schedule and when she says prayers; expresses sorrow that Hattie's teaching position near Nina did not work out; tells her she must be self-reliant; says she is waiting to find out if she can join Mr. Powell; discusses the fashions of hats; sends her respects to Mr. Stringfellow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMuch town and family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes her social schedule; encourages her to pursue a relationship with Willie Booker; news of family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecounts all he has been doing for the past two years (has been in charge of a prison).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAsks Nina to change her mind and work for them another year; claims they are safe from the 'Yankees' and that the war will soon be over; praises her teaching of their three girls.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses Union troops' burning of houses in Richmond; gives views on death; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComments on typhoid fever; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily news. Mentions not being able to find a nail-brush in the city and forgot India ribbon; comments on 'Yankees' treating people badly; refers to buying lip-glue at Randolph's Book Store; discusses her (Nina's), new house.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes Mr. Powell's teaching position with the Scott family; says he is trying to find a place near him for her to stay; says there was a Yankee raid near where he is staying; discusses where friends who are soldiers are stationed; mentions families who are looking for wounded soldiers to employ as teachers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMuch family and town news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComments on symptoms of the \"fever\"; expresses religious beliefs concerning deaths resulting from battles; family news and town news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily news; discusses teacher's pay.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMuch family and town news; inquires about her new home in Richmond, Va..\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses one of Nina's pupils and how Nina should act towards the family that is employing her; mentions arrangements to exchange a pair of shoes; reports on friends and family; reports on \"her Willie,\" and where he is stationed; mentions soldiers for whom she has knitted gloves.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the suitability of Mr. Starke's teaching offer for her mother.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChides Nina for not writing her; asks if she is spending all her time with Willie Dupuy, who has a wounded shoulder; reports on what she has done socially; asks her to get some cartridges for her pistol when she buys some for her own gun; says Minna Booker is to be married November fourth; discusses sewing.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTranscription of cross hatch letter by Alison Herring:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nBlenheim  October 24th\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSunday morning [1864]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nWell my lady-love do you know\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ethat it has been almost three weeks\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003esince the arrival of your last letter\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eto me, and two weeks since I answered\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eit, and not a line have I had from\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eyou since, no nor a word from either\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePa or Sis since the 9th of the month.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eyou all must think I am dead, buried,\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eand forgotten, at least you quite forget\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ethat I get the blues horribly shut up here\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ein the country when none of you write\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eto me. I got a letter from Ma on Friday\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003elast the very first letter I had had from\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eanyone for 10 days, or from anybody\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebut her for 16.  I have no correspondents this\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eyear at all except you all \u0026amp; you ought to\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ewrite to me often.  And pray miss what are\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eyou so occupied with that you can't find\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003etime to write, friend Markoe or your\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003epoor dear wounded Willie.  I hear through\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ea letter from Aunt Bec to Ma that you\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ehave spent the day with her, \u0026amp; thro' Mrs\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eStewart that John Tabb was at church\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ewith you and [?] Powell. I suppose\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eyou have not been so quiet that you\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[Page 2]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ehad nothing to write about and I\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eam just disposed to be charitable\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003etowards you at all, so if you want to\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eget into my good graces you had better\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eset yourself right down \u0026amp; write me\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003etwo or three good long letters.  Mother\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ewrites me that Willie Dupuy is at\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ehome wounded in the shoulder \u0026amp;\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCapt Watkins in the hand but neither\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eof them dangerously, however.  I suppose\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eyou have heard all about them, tis not\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eworth while for me to tell you, and\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI reckon Willie will manage to see\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMiss Nina before he returns to the army.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHave you ever heard anything from\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMr. Markoe since you went down\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ein the cars with him, Sis seemed to\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ethink you are decidedly smitten.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWell I suppose as you are so long writing\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eto me you hardly care to hear what I\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ehave been doing, so I have a great mind\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003enot to tell you, and in fact I hardly\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003equite know where to begin it has been\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eso long but just for my own gratification\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI will try.  Mr. Willis Hobson has three\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSouth Carolinians at his house, sent from\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ethe hospital, they have been there a long\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003etime very sick \u0026amp; are just now getting\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ewell enough to visit about. One of them\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eis a Col Dogan, without exception\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n[Page 3]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nthe rudest, most boisterous, vulgar\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eman I ever saw, well yesterday week\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI heard his voice down stairs \u0026amp;\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eknew he had come to stay all day\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eso I dressed myself, slipped out the\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eback way and went over to old\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMrs. Hurt's to spend the day.  I had a\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003every pleasant day indeed, I found\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eher [?] an exceedingly intelligent\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eagreeable girl, I took to her very much\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eindeed \u0026amp; I think she did to me, but\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eshe has just lost her father so the vis-\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eiting will have to be all on my side\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003efor a while.  When I get back in the even-\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eing here was Col D still \u0026amp; he staid until\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWednesday.  Sunday I went down to Eman-\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eual and saw Fannie, she was as sweet \u0026amp; Cordi-\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eal as ever, she seemed so glad to see me \u0026amp; says\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eshe is coming up for me soon some Fri-\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eday evening.  Monday night Mr. [Reich?] a\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMarylander belonging to the 3rd Cavalry\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003estaid here all night.  I found him a\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003every agreeable gentleman I forgot to\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003esay that Sunday while we were at din-\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ener Mrs. W. Hobson came over \u0026amp; brought\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eher Cousin young Bolling, son of Mr. Robert\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBolling of Fauquier, and brother of Hunter\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[Page 4]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMcGuires old friend of Philadelphia Dr. B\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eand Mr. Venning one of the S.C. especial-\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ely to see me and I enjoyed their visit\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003every much indeed.  Mr. Bolling is only\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e18 but he is six feet tall very handsome\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eand very agreeable.  Mr. V sings very well\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eand is a quiet gentlemanly widower but\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003enothing remarkable.  Tuesday evening Mrs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eH sent a horse for me \u0026amp; I went over there \u0026amp;\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003estaid all night, and then saw the third\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eS.C. a Dr. Waring a married man, and\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eone of the most accomplished elegant\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003egentlemen I have ever met with. I\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ecame home on horseback Wednesday morning\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ein time for school \u0026amp; when I came out of school\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003efound Cousin John here.  He says if it is good\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eweather next Friday he is coming up to take\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eme down to his house to stay until Sun-\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eday where I will come home with the Dr.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003efrom church.  Thursday all the gentlemen\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003efrom Mr. H's spent the day here, and Fri-\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eday Mr. B left this county, but he is a paroled\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eprisoner and if he is not exchanged soon\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ewill come back.  Friday evening Mrs. H \u0026amp; my-\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eself walked over to Mrs. Goodmans one of \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eour nearest neighbors \u0026amp; I paid my first\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003evisit there, and her son who went down\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ein the cars the day you did with Bell\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eStewart, walked home with me.  He is a plain\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ehonest, good, solider, but not over burdened\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[sideways on page 1]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ewith intellect.  He says he is coming over to see me this week\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eand going to bring his pistol for me to practice shooting with\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebut I doubt whether he does. By the way have you ever been able\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eto get cartridges for your pistol, if you have I wish you would\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eget some for me, \u0026amp; if you haven't get John Tabb to look for some\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003efor you \u0026amp; me too, I have only two \u0026amp; I want some very much.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnd now, I come to the very purpose for which my let-\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eter is written which is to tell you that Dr. Hobson is going\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eto Richmond this week, probably on Tuesday, the same day\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ethis letter will go, but I shall send this by mail, as there\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ewill be a chance of your getting it sooner, \u0026amp; I shall send\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eyou by him the handkerchief, collar, \u0026amp; [shirt sleeves?] for your\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003esilk dress \u0026amp; a little of my perfume but it did not turn\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eout well, it will I think do to put in hair oil but that is all.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n[sideways across page 2]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe Dr. will stay at Mr. Stewart for about two days I reckon\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eso if you have gotten cartridges \u0026amp; have a chance I wish\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eyou would send me some by him.  Have you made your\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ealpaca dress yet \u0026amp; how did you make it particularly\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ethe sleeves. I have not picked mine yet nor considered\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ewhat to do with it, but Minna Booker is to be married the\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e4th of next month \u0026amp; I think I must make it by that\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003etime. I had a present sent me the other day of 3 yds\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eof unbleached cotton to make a chemise.  I have done\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003enothing lately except patch a few old clothes \u0026amp; knit\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eon my [opra?] stockings for next summer in fact\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI have nothing to do.  Well I believe I have exhaust-\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eed myself of my subjects too so I will stop, but\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003emind I expect two letters in answer to this. I am\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003every anxious to know what Mother will do, and\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003erather hope she will go to Albemarle, tho' I should\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003elike her to be near you, or I think we could go to\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003esee her there.  Write soon to your own loving\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSister Hattie\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nMonday.  Dr. H's is so unwell today he thinks he will not\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebe able to go to Richmond this week and don't know when\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ehe will go so I shall not be able to send your things yet. I\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003egot an invitation yesterday to Minna's wedding next Thurs-\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eday week.  I am much inclined to go, if the Dr. Don't for-\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ebid which he seems to be inclined to do. Mrs. H is very anx-\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n[Sideways on page 3]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nious that I should go.  If I go I shall want my new\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003edress \u0026amp; shall have to set to work immediately to make\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eit, so if you have a new dress pattern, send it to me by\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003email at once, I can get a pattern of the yoke come-\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eing [waist?], Mag Harris has it.  Yours truly,\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eH.L.P.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComplains about difficulties in the teaching profession; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes her situation at the Garrett's, teaching Lizzie and others; emphasizes the importance of letter writing now that they are apart; discusses Mr. Irving's? failing health; says Lizzie has diphtheria; describes social events; discusses Nina's problems with teaching Blanche; reports on friends who have been wounded or killed in the war; asks bout Cousin Mary Lee and Cousin Emily.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports that her brother Rob has been wounded and may have to have his leg amputated; says her brother Jimmie is in Charleston where there is much yellow fever; says they work all day without rest; more family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives advice on how Nina should manage one of her pupils; reports on what she is doing; discusses clothes; mentions Minna's wedding.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives reasons why she hasn't written of late; describes her brother's episode of being shot in the hand and its effects; comments on number of men that are off at war and says that those who remain are \"quaking\"; family news; expresses hope that God will get them through \"these difficulties.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes her social activities; discusses balancing work and pleasure; news of family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAsks about her \"new home\" in Richmond and her \"new occupation\" with Mrs. Paleski; describes Minna's wedding; says the weather was so bad that no one could go home, so the reception lasted all night; reports what she has done socially; describes in detail a dress she just made.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses joy that Nina and their mother can live close to each other; reports on her social activities; discusses plans for Christmas; mentions how well the Confederate Cavalry is doing; discusses friends that are soldiers, and which of them she has knitted gloves for.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes a preacher, Mr. McGill, who is visiting; describes social events; discusses clothes she is making; questions Junius Powell's decision to go to Bermuda instead of joining the army; mentions Harry Harrison Mrs. Huge's brother who came home after a prisoner at Fort Delaware. .\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses how her home was destroyed; details experiences with the Yankees; comments on incarceration of many Southerners in northern prisons and their suffering; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes her trip to Charlottesville and the people she visited, including cousin Gert; mentions Sally's? death; says she must soon accept an offer for teaching from Mr. Frank Cabell; discusses depreciation of money; mentions a cousin Ann and a cousin Laura; reports that Tip Powell was taken prisoner.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the bad weather and muddy roads, says she has not heard from Custis Lee, for whom she made gloves; discusses clothes and Christmas plans; tells Nina to \"change her dress\" whenever she desires, since she will always mourn inside; says she and Rebecca will change theirs in the spring; discusses the problems Winchester is having with the Yankees; mentions Minna's wedding.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses a prospective teaching job for her and his plan for her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily news; begs her to spend Christmas with them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses happiness that her mother and father will finally be able to live together again; comments on Nina Powell's loss of hair; refers to suffering Loudoun County, due to Yankees; family news; describes how a friend spends time trying to find hiding places for her possessions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes a \"homespun\" dress that she has; family news; describes weather; tells her to go to a Christmas get-together where she can met many people, including Robert E. Lee, Custis Lee, and perhaps \"our beloved President\" Jefferson Davis; later mentions rumors that President Davis may be dead.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMentions pastime crocheting a cap; comments on delay of mail; discusses ordering some supplies from her sister; refers to troop movement on \"the Danville road\"; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Describes social activities; urges Nina to spend Christmas in Richmond with Cousin Emily; discusses cotton and where to buy it. Including fragment of letter from \"cousin\" Laurence B. Taylor, to ?, , undated, stating that he hopes they will see much of each other in Albemarle County.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the difficulties of sending mail; inquires about their mother's health; news of friends and the war.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks her for the gauntlets, testament, and book of psalms that she sent him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells what she did during Christmas holidays; discusses her job as a teacher as well as who and what subjects she teaches; family and town news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComments on Robert E. Lee's thoughts that the South is in danger; discusses her knitting and whom she has made gloves for; states how she doesn't understand men; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the possibility of Nina being engaged to Willie Dupuy; says she would like to know him better before she can consent; would like for her to make the final decision herself; says their engagement would last indefinitely because they are both poor and Willie was \"disabled\" from the war; asks her to consider these issues.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Responds to her requesting permission to be engaged to Mr. William Dupuy?; gives feelings about entire situation; refers to evacuation of Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily news; asks her to send her stamps and black glazed cotton and to look for strawsplitters; describes episode of being thrown from horse.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses how busy she is making gloves; mentions Nina's engagement/involvement with a \"brave, Christian soldier.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses possibility of Nina moving to Norwood if Richmond is given up.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003efamily news; discusses the bond between two who love each other.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses happiness about Nina's now official engagement to Mr. William Dupuy; other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHattie Powell, Blenheim, Albemarle County, Va., to \"sister\" Rebecca Powell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives advice on how to express feelings of love to her fiance, in her correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives her advice about her situation with Mr. Dupuy; tells her to make up her own mind and to be sure of his character and their love; advises that if she is certain that she wants to be engaged to him, then not to hold back her feelings and to show her trust; gives more advice.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Family news; expresses her approval of William Dupuy as Nina's fiance. 4 pages. letter signed. Includes copy of letter, 1865 February 10 from William Dupuy to \"Sir\" Charles L. Powell, Sr., , discussing his and Nina's relationship and betrothal.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives advise on Nina's relationship with a young man Willie Dupuy; says that if they ever get married they would always be poor; discusses what he will want in a wife; discusses Nina's fear that her ways are not elegant enough for him because he was brought up in higher society; reveals her philosophy on how to act in society, how to view oneself, and how to act towards men to keep them interested.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComments on attempts to regain some of their family possessions; discusses the break-up of Nina Powell's engagement; mentions Hattie Powell's arrival in Goochland, Va., family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses Nina's problem with an employer, Mrs. Powell, and suggests other families she could work for; says she can spend $ 350 on material for summer clothing; discusses the plight of the South; reveals her feelings about Nina's engagement; describes a visit to Norwood where her parents are working for Mr. Cabell; reports that cousin Lizzie Powell, fourth daughter of Uncle Llew, is to be married; news of family and friends; mentions teaching.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses materials for sewing dresses; expresses her anger at how Mrs. Powell (an employer) treated Nina; discusses her neighbors where she is teaching, saying none are suitable for Nina to live with and teach for; gives news of friends and family; says they have a soldier staying there; mentions teaching. Including newspaper clipping advertising for teachers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks her for presents she sent him; expresses hope of seeing her again soon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLots of family news; discusses Union troops.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays Mr. Philip Cabell is stopping by \"Bremo\" on his way to Richmond, so she is taking this opportunity to send a letter; discusses opportunities for her to work with other families and how she should set this up; wishes she could come to see them but says it is impossible because the canal is \"broken up,\" the roads are bad, and the 'Yankees' destroyed the carriage; hopes that she is comfortable at General Cocke's; hopes that he doesn't mind her being there since he is a wealthy man. Letter is continued on a small slip of paper - advises on the different uses of \"shall\" and \"will\" in writing letters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses relief that she is safe after traveling through dangerous area; says that their parents had some trouble when traveling, and that they lost some clothes; discusses an offer to teach in Keysville, Charlotte County; reports battle action in the area; asks what she thinks about her giving her silver cup to \"the government;\" mentions the death of their aunt Ann's baby, Fannie.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMentions sending carpet bags to her parents filled with necessary items she could spare; comments on 'Yankees' being on southside of the James River, Va. and dreading a raid.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSend the key to her bonnet box; mentions a cousin Kate Noland and an Aunt Bettie Conrad; news of family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses surrender of Confederates in detail; expresses religious beliefs about result of the Civil War; describes battle in Richmond, Va..\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComments on prohibition from traveling North; mentions recognition by France and the French position; gives religious opinions; describes some of the remnants left by 'Yankees.'\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports news of post-war events since Hattie receives no news in the country; expresses the sentiments and anxieties of those in an occupied city, discusses Robert E. Lee and his sons; reports rumors about Booth, Jefferson Davis, and the surrender of the army of Joseph E. Johnston to William T. Sherman; discusses the sacrifices of the last four years and where it has led.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes the people with whom she is staying; expresses joy that she feels comfortable in Richmond; says she hears rumors about whether Richmond will be given up or not; tells her to come to them if there is any danger; news about friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes a battle at Fort Jackson that she was able to witness from her cousin's house; says Hunter ? is the medical doctor of Ewell's Corps; mentions lack of provisions; says she had to work very hard last winter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to \"free negroes\" and the fall of Richmond; tells stories of robbers in various neighborhoods; discusses difficulty to have faith in God where there is so much suffering; also refers to bands of \"negro robbers\" and describes their actions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLots of family news; expresses sorrow and grief about living through these times.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLots of family news; comments on problems with servants; refers to death of Lincoln and memorial service for him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports that Mr. Cabell bought a horse from a Mississippi soldier; reports that a Yankee soldier came to the house asking for brandy; says that she and Fan ? are closing school for the summer; says she will soon come to Norwood to visit them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses health, says she has rheumatism; says they will stay in Richmond until July; tells their options of where to go; considers the cost of the Civil War; discusses the condition of President Davis, prisoner at Fort Monroe; says the \"Yankee officers\" are being kinder to Richmonders; says Pierrepont has just arrived in Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports she is staying with relatives but that it is so crowded, she will leave soon; says the house has been burned down, so they are living in log cabins; tells that she will soon go to Canada to visit her brother Horace; discusses where Nina could set up a school in that neighborhood.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells of her religious belief about the Civil War and how she prays daily; discusses subject of white vs. black labor; family news; comments on cruel treatment of \"our\" President Jefferson Davis; refers to a Dr. Hoge who denies trying to begin a colony in Brazil.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses difficulty in accepting downfall of Confederacy; family news; discusses Nina's engagement to Willie Dupuy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoem entitled \"The Bachelor's Consolation\" written by \"Goodman A. Bachelor.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily news; comments on Nina's engagement; discusses situation with Black persons; comments on elections and how soldiers were put into many of the civil offices; plans for jousting tournament.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the family's moving to a new house and how they all can be reunited once again.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses where they may move; says the 'Yankees' have possession of her home in Arlington; says the situation in Richmond is better since Pierrepont Pierpont arrived; gives news about family; mentions Robert E. Lee (1843-1914) and William Henry Fitzhugh Lee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses Nannie's ? wedding; says their father will need her Nina home for the opening of school; tells how she has been spending her time; discusses the school; reports that Mary ? is there; expresses fear for her Aunt Mary because of the threats of a Black uprisings in southern Virginia; asks if everything is going well between Nannie and Willie Booker.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the continuing uncertainties of where their family will live; says she will return to work at Mr. Cabell's because she cannot depend on family plans; describes her visit to Greenwood.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses a horse riding jousting tournament and social event that followed; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports travel plans; lists social events; news of friends; says she will begin at Mr. Cabell's in two weeks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays that she just realized that it is her 56th birthday; discusses some issues on etiquette; says that she is glad that she is pleased with her new house; has heard that the 'Yankees' are advancing on Charlottesville; says Gloucester is having problems with the Yankees, so she will not return there; expresses disappointment that Mr. Powell did not secure a certain job that would have allowed them all to live together; says that the Redds and the Bookers have been very kind to her and do not want her to leave; writes that the Dupuy's son Willie? has bullet wounds in both thighs and in the foot.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes a boat trip she took with Sallie ? to Norwood; gives news of Mr. William Cabell; discusses literature; news of friends and family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays Hunter has a small (medical) practice; gives news about what her other brothers? are doing; says Willie is doing well despite the time he spent in prison; tells how he was marched by their home last winter by the 'Yankees' and taken to prison; tells how their house was used as a hospital, her family was put under arrest, and they were forced to live with the 'Yankees' for six months; expresses her hatred of the 'Yankees;' discusses how the last four years have changed her; tells how Gert ? was working in the hospitals and on the battle field, caught a disease and has been bedridden for the last thirteen months; says she was very weak last winter because of the hard work and anxiety; says she could no longer work in the hospitals because of how the sights of war affected her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Family news; comments on the meeting of Congress and its result on the restoration of southern property.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWrites about Presbyterian Conference she is attending; gives town and family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Gives history of a family, telling which troop each son is in; comments on the scarcity of paper, which is why she is writing on the back of a letter written to her by her mother. Letter Including on back: Selina Powell, Charlotte Court House, Virginia, to \"daughter\" Hattie Powell. Asks her about her fever and if it is interfering with her teaching; says Mr. Powell visited her for a week; says she will stay in Charlotte all winter; mentions death of Carry Hobson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Sends her a pair of slippers which she made the best she could with the materials available; says she wanted to do something for her during \"these war times\"; says her father is not home yet; gives list of things Rebecca needs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the importance of having nice handwriting; describes Kate's ? studies; grieves over how many have lost their homes and hopes that her daughter could have a couple of years off from teaching; says those who must have employment are happiest; writes of family and friends; discusses her Uncle G's ? method of teaching. Including attached insert saying that Mr. H. ? declined her father's services.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes the scene when the 'Yankees' came into the home of Dr. Robert Baldwin; says Dr. Baldwin was kicked out of town because he refused to pay a servant; describes how the town has changed since the Union troops have taken over; mentions a man named Milroy who seems to be their leader; gives news of family members many of whom have been sick; describes a puppy he has gotten; describes a battle in which many 'Yankees' were taken as prisoners; says Milroy has escaped and has gone to Washington; says all of her furniture is not sold and that they cannot try to sell it while the 'Yankees' are here; discusses Dr. Daniel Conrad's practice.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAsks what Jeanie ? will do all summer; says she has heard that all the carriage horses in Gloucester have been carried off; says she will go to Powhatan to join her husband who is working for Mr. Michaux; says the 'Yankees' are in Shepherdstown but that the Confederates have Winchester.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeaks of the last four years, the excitement and the trials; discusses \"the college\" that Robert is involving with; discusses the difficulty of finding good help; describes their house, saying it is handsome to \"confederate eyes;\" expresses sadness that her home is still used by Union troops; discusses Alexandria.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComments on the postal problems and hopes she has been receiving her letters; gives news of the Bookers; writes of her anxiety over how she Nina is and discusses her travel plans to Prince Edward; discusses where the 'Yankees' are stationed; writes of the family's plans for the summer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends her cotton for stockings; comments on postal problems; discusses the safety of Richmond; discusses sewing and fashions; news of family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the dilemma of Southerns taking the \"oath\" with the Northerners so that they can protect their property.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports that Captain Watkins and Willie Dupuy have been wounded; says she does not know which battle they were in; news of friends; says she has heard from Mr. Powell recently; discusses dresses.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays that she sent socks to Willie ? who is in the army; mentions the death of James Mcoughty?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes how to make Mrs. Sharpe's ? hat; describes Lute's hat; says she will get two or three hundred dollars in Northern money from an Uncle William.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e34 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses teaching; describes trip to Charlottesville and adventurous train ride; mentions Sandy Pendleton's ? wedding; discusses Trip's ? health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends Rebecca a picture of Robert E. Lee, taken during the war (picture is dated 1866 January 20 ); writes of Lexington where they have just moved; gives news of family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes her social activities; gives teaching position that Hattie is considering; reports that 'Yankees' are being strict in their town.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses poor mail service; describes Alexandria as dull town with spirit of despondency, town may be forced into the District of Columbia; describes visit of Henry Hallowell ?; much family and town news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses crocheting, books they have read; family news and gossip.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses family news; speaks of financial situation of buying a house in Baltimore; discusses problems of retrieving household items (portraits, furniture, etc.) and where to put them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses details of retrieving family possessions from the Office of Confiscation; includes list of objects missing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes her trip and her stay with Cousin Lee; tells of relatives and other people she has seen; will continue traveling.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses daily life and schedule; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes her trip to Dr. Wights' and tells of the people she met there; discusses dresses; asks about the family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescription of the political happenings in Washington, D.C.: the disputes between President Johnson and the \"Radicals,\" Mr. Johnson's veto message, the South's need to have representation in Congress; tells his view of these happenings; discusses attempts to retrieve articles from the confiscation office; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells of difficulty she has dealing with current hardships, \"Yankee\" rule, and free Black persons; news about friends in the neighborhood.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes dinner at New Market and the people she saw there; describes conditions of roads, outlawing carriage rides; much news of family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells of people she has seen or heard from.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses family news and news of friends; talks of sewing projects.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives an account of her \"Easter excursion,\" reporting what she did and whom she met; says Mrs. Atkins has no servants, so she will have to clean her own room.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes events of neighborhood; tells news of friends; tells of religious happenings, Mr. Wharey's ? reform in the church, and her religious sentiments; writes of her gloomy feelings about the South, her distrust of the Yankees, and her rebellious feels toward them; congratulates Nina on having her own \"home.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells of stay in Cumberland with her \"sister and brother\"; tells of problems in retrieving household items lost in war; Douglas' Forrest?her husband? law practice is improving.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAsks Nina to welcome her friend, Mr. Henry Theodore Wight, who brings the letter, and make his stay in Alexandria pleasant.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTries to convince Nina to take a trip next summer; describes new bonnet styles; describes her friend Henry Theodore Wright who will be taking a trip to Alexandria; discusses clothes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives her view on the family taking in boarders, saying children would be easier for their mother to handle; asks about the \"Council;\" reports on what she has done socially; discusses the dresses she has made; says that yesterday the people of Richmond decorated the Confederate soldiers' graves; says she wishes she had gone; says Mrs. Adkins did not go, but sent flowers to Richmond. Written on letter from J. Walker, Dover ?, to Hattie Powell, Rolling Views, undated. Sends her flowers and asks her to come to visit him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes her visit to Richmond, people she visited, and how many commented on how well she looked compared to last winter; describes clothes she is making.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAsks her to send ribbon for a dress she will wear to a day-long affair at Norwood; news of friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses their plans to go to Prince Edward County; discusses what clothes she has and what she may need; news of family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExplains why she cannot attend the gathering at Mr. Redd's that night; says she must listen to her head and not her heart so that she may get well; says she is tired of feeling ill and weak.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInvites Nina and Hattie Powell to come stay with them; says she feels better and is very excited to see them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses her joy that she arrived home safely, and her regret that her mother Selina Powell has taken ill; describes a jousting tournament among young boys or \"knights,\" in which the girls were honored as Queens and Maids of Honor; news about family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives her condolences for her uncle's death and her mother's illness; tells her of Nancy's Lettie's sister engagement and tells Nina not to leave her to marry a man; much news of family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks Nina for her letter congratulating her and Willie Booker on their engagement; news about her fiance; tells her adventures of keeping the house while her mother was gone; news of family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWrites that her father is looking for board for her Selina and until then she will stay in Charlotte; recommends that Nina not write to a man unless she is engaged to him or unless he is an old family friend; news of family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses how far they are apart but thinks it is best that she (her mother) stay at Uncle Fred's; says she will stay at school for Christmas; writes of family and friends; tells that her health is very good and that she weights 106 pounds; discusses her school duties and her sewing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes the parties she has had at her home recently; speaks of the engagement between Willie Booker and Nancy her sister, and Lou Edmunds and Captain Hill; news of family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells how she and her friends have been together for three weeks now, staying at different homes; wishes Nina could be there; news of courting, engagements and weddings; tells Nina that she will not become an old maid; much news about family and friends; discusses reading societies and books read.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells of courtings, engagements and weddings; tells of Christmas plans; discusses the struggle in the Christian life to be pure.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes Christmas holidays; discusses the Christian struggle for purity; says she is having more headaches; discusses poor financial situation with no patrons paying for her teachings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes the changes taking place: their Uncle Joe has died and she, Lavalette and her mother have moved to Falkland to take care of his children; she and Lavalette will teach the children; Lavalette is feeling worse; her brother and sister May will take care of Linden; news of engagements, weddings, family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes her new home and her new schedule; news about family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells about her fiance Willie Booker's work in Medical School; describes reactions to the Territorial Bill and to General Scofields; wonders if Lavalette will keep her promise to become an old maid; says the weather is so bad that they will not be able to go to Church for a month because of the roads; says she is trying to guess when weddings will be by who is making their wedding clothes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes her teaching job with her sister Nancy; describes her students; tells how spirits have been low since the passage of the Territorial Bill, says their district is commanded by General Schofield; describes the \"demoralizing\" incident of one of the county men running off with a 'Negro' girl and marrying her; news of family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends this letter through a friend and asks Rebecca to mail a package to Washington, D.C. for her; may have some frames sent to her, which could then be sent to them by steamboat to Richmond and canal boat to Lexington; says Mildred is in Richmond; Rob and Fitzhugh may go to Jennie's? wedding.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes the commencement exercises that she and Lavalette attended at Hampden Sydney; describes the fashions she saw there; says the scrub worm is seriously damaging the tobacco crop; describes their summer bonnets bought in Richmond. 4 pages. letter signed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays that Nancy her sister has been ill; says that she, Nancy and their mother will take a trip North for their health; says she dreads to be among the 'Yankees;' tells that Lou Booker has typhoid fever and so her wedding must be postponed; discusses the advantages and disadvantages of being an old maid and whether they will be one.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives news of gentlemen who are courting her; says that John Smith has been visiting her every other night; tells Nina that it is becoming serious and that she better come home soon or she will be gone; gives advice on the gentlemen that Nina is seeing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes their stay in Danville; tells that her engagement with Willie Booker has been terminated; discusses their plans of where to live next year; news of family and friends; discusses fair.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks Hattie for her announcement of her \"change of condition\" marriage or engagement?; gives her best wishes for her health and happiness.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses which furniture and portraits she would like to have sent to her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses details of sending furniture from Alexandria to Lexington and of having portraits framed and sent. Includes notes to Selina and Nina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses her transactions to acquire more furnishings for their home; news about family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAsks about her interactions with Mr. D?; says Nina's happiness is the only bright spot in their lives; says she hasn't been to church much; says she has seen a lot of Willie S.?; regrets that she can't say everything she would like to, because the letter must go through so many hands; writes of the broken Southern spirit; asks if there are any \"situations\" near them that she could take; says that she cannot write much because it works her \"into such a state\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells of their new life at Linden, helping to take care of \"Sis\" May's children; comments on Nina's sister Hattie's marriage; discusses religion; describes a trip to Richmond; news about family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecommends that she or Rebecca go with her to visit friends in Prince Edward County; tells her that since Mrs. Booker'shouse was used as headquarters for them during the war, they must make a pleasure visit to her since the war is over.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks Nina for sending her the objects repossessed from the war; comments on their sentimental value; gives news about Baltimore's social events and her husband Douglas' work.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells what family has done since she left for her trip; says everyone is feeling remarkably well on account of the warm weather; tells her to enjoy her visit with Lizza and Aggie ?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells what each person in household is doing that evening: Mamma, Papa, Lute?, Lewis?, Fan?; says she visited Hattie who is feeling well \"under the circumstances;\" news about neighborhood.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes the health of each family member; says Mr. Powell had dyspepsia for which she gives him a raw onion; says Hattie is the same and cannot leave her room; gives news of friends; discusses a fire at Lee's ? house; hopes she is enjoying her visit with Lizzie and Aggie.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives news about family and neighborhood; says that Cousin Lee's house burned; writes that Bob Robert Powell is now a doctor; news about her school.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses news of neighborhood and people who have come to visit her; tells Nina to enjoy her stay with Lizzie and Agnes ?; says she is still flat on her back but hopes to be better in a few weeks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRegrets that he could not make the picnic that Nina planned; says that he had to pick up Josie ? that day, who traveled flat on her back; says that he saw \"Cousin Rebecca\" in town.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells how she had been preserving many foods last summer because of the possible food shortage during the coming winter; describes her stay with \"Sis\" May in Farmville; describes the situation of the churches and Sunday school in her area; news about family and friends; one of Nina's students, Emma Henry, is getting married.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApologizes to Nina for not calling on her while she was in Baltimore; expresses her job in their friendship.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWrites of their sorrow at the death of Hugh Holmes McGuire (brother of cousin); whose wife just had a child; asks Rebecca to come visit, since the war is over; gives news about who owns the Powell's old home; tells what each of her relatives are doing; gives news about friends; discusses the death of her aunt who never recovered after the 'Yankees' burnt her house down; mentions how many soldiers cannot find employment. Hugh Holmes McGuire MW battle of High Bridge.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses Maggie's wedding her niece; says she has been alone in the evenings since Nina left her; describes her friends who have called during the day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApologizes for not writing; describes her schedule to taking care of a family of ten people; gives news about her gentlemen friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExtends sympathies to Nina and her family in the death of her sister, Hattie Powell Smoot, who died in childbirth; offers comfort through religion.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOffers her sympathy for the death of her daughter Hattie; discusses Hattie's character; mentions how Hattie has been looking forward to the time of childbirth.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives her sympathy for the death of Selina's daughter Hattie; speaks of her husband Robert, saying she thinks he may never be entirely well again; gives news of family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells of her mourning for her cousin Hattie; offers sympathies; gives news of family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOffer her sympathies for Hattie's death; describes her stay in her Uncle Phil's home in the mountains; says she will return home to Alexandria in the Fall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes the mountain inn and how they spend their time; says the mountain air is helping their mother's health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses her joy that Nina is engaged; discusses Nina's mother's health; says she is confined to bed and in much pain; says the treatment causes much suffering and that she is anxious to leave for home.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays she is glad Nina gets a chance to enjoy herself, and visit with her cousin Lizzie, without worrying about daily duties; says her Aunt Lute is taking good care of her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives a report on everyone's health; says she is feeling better; gives news of friends and family; hopes that she is enjoying her stay with \"cousin\" Lizzie.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses grief and religion; teases Nina about her engagement to Sewell Hepburn; tells her to enjoy her stay and to get well soon; news about Alexandria.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNews of friends and family; describes the trouble of giving a party for a couple to be married, and wonders why people have marriages in such poor times.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePleads with her to visit them for Christmas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports that they have been trying both the \"Alleghany Springs\" and the \"Yellow Sulfur\" springs; says the water has helped her health; describes the social life at the springs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInquires about her friends in Alexandria; asks if Mrs. Cassius Lee has information on household goods stolen from her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells of her and Nancy's stay in Danville; discusses Nina's wedding; says her brother Abner will be in the Legislature until it adjourns; news about family and friends. Envelope included with list of bridal attendants on the back.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses her daily schedule; describes a sewing machine that she bought; discusses Nina's wedding; news about family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses her job in hearing Nina is engaged; reports that she has heard Mr. Hepburn described as \"intellectual\" and \"pious\"; says Captain. Grady sends his love; sends her a gift.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRegrets that she cannot come to Nina's wedding; hopes that Nina will be happy living in the parsonage; news about family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApologizes that she cannot be there for the wedding; sends her money to buy a wedding present; tells that she had to refuse a gentleman who revealed his feelings for her; wishes her happiness in her new life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote accompanying a wedding present, wishing Nina happiness.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives a report on her health, saying she is much stronger; tells what remedies she is taking; says they have given most of her wedding cake away; says that everyone thinks her wedding was beautiful; gives her philosophy on marriage and its importance; tells her how lucky she is to have found such a \"good man.\" Including letter from Rebecca C. Powell to Nina giving a report on their mother's health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes how she spent her Easter vacation; describes the events that took place after Nina's wedding; describes a visit to Georgetown.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports she is feeling better but that Rebecca has neuralgia from a bad tooth; tells Nina that she should call her husband \"Mr. Hepburn\"; says it is Nellie's wedding day; advises her to obey her husband now that she is no longer there to control her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives news about home and tells Nina that they miss her greatly; says the relationship between herself and John ? is growing stronger; hopes that she is enjoying her stay in the country with her husband.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses their mother's health, noting improvements; expresses eagerness to visit her in her own home; asks about Sewell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses her arrangements to come see them; says she is feeling better but she is still weak; tells her to ask for what she needs just like when she lived at home; gives news of family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWrites to tell her that her health has improved since she left home; gives a report on her health and what she has done there at a resort?; says her father will be home soon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes description of S. Powell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks him for the letter of sympathy concerning his wife, Selina Powell; gives a detailed description of her death and a tribute to her life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOffers her sympathy in the loss of her mother; says that her mother Selina Powell was one of her earliest friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEntreats them to warn his wife Lizzie against a woman named Mrs. Hubard who he is convinced is seeking their ruin.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells of friends' illnesses and other afflictions; discusses preachers; says she will wait to buy cotton until the price goes down. Including letter (written on top of) of 1864 January 8 from ? Danville, Va., to \"sister.\" Says she would like to visit her and also to see her whole family, but that she cannot leave because of her duties; says she can only leave on \"official business.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes their summer in the North; describes the Grand Jubilee held in Boston; describes Newport, Maine and the historical sites there; discusses Nina's life in the parsonage; gives news about family and friends back home.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays she is very happy to return from the North, though she was treated kindly there and it did improve her health; says many people at home are ill with an influenza that follows the Horse Disease; much news about family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAsks Nina how her little boy is; reveals that she thought she would be getting married this fall, but that the gentleman, Dr. Cole, has been suffering from an illness; news about family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses hope that she will visit them in Maryland soon, and bring her child; comments on Nina's settling in Waterford, Loudon County; news of family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes the baby Sewell's features; tells how the family is adjusting to new baby.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses tuition for Mildred.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports news of her school; discusses the bonds that their father sold, and his financial situation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports that they are taking of Uncle Leven, including paying for his board with Sallie Withers, and giving him clothes; expresses disappointment that other relatives are not helping him; says Uncle Lev had a drinking problem at one time and his wife will not see him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells Nina their plans to visit her; says they will travel through Baltimore and then by boat across the Chesapeake Bay.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends a check for Mildred's tuition.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHopes that Mr. Hepburn has recovered from his fall and hopes he will stick to taming men's spirits rather than taming men's horses; much news about family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives news about family and friends; says that they will visit her in a few weeks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends Nina a fur cape and muff; congratulates Nina on her pregnancy and hopes she feels well; sends a present for the coming baby; asks Nina for her preferred style of dress so that she can make her some.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells of the death of her father-in-law and the effects it has had on the family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells of birth of another boy and that Nina is doing fine; says they have not named him because he wanted a girl; tells story of how his errand boy spilled into the well some fish he was cleaning and how he Sewell had to go down and fish them out.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives advice on how to take care of oneself after childbirth; thinks that she should have more than one servant; says that she is having some dresses made for her; news about family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Gives news of friends in Alexandria; mentions centennial celebrations; says her school is doing well, with 21 scholars; mentions that Robert Powell has a new daughter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives news about Powell and Lee cousins in Philadelphia; says that a few neighbors have scarlet fever; discusses politics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells of his stay at Selma in Leesburg where he visited relatives; tells of weddings in Leesburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays she is glad the children are recovering from their illness; says Nina must take tonic and Lager Beer herself to say well; recommends ways to rid the house of the illness; describes a visit to Baltimore to see an art exhibit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWishes he had a mountain house where his grandchildren could go, especially to recuperate; discusses controversy between two churches, St. Stephens and Grace Church, in the neighborhood where he is; says they both want Mr. Jackson from Charleston, South Carolina, to be their minister.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives a long description of her boarders and her school; gives news about neighborhood, friends and family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTeases him about his \"destitute condition,\" having to take care of himself while Nina is in Baltimore; scolds him for not taking good care of himself and says she does not want Nina to become a widow; tells of a surprise visit by Mrs. Beck of his parish to visit one of her students, Hallie; discusses past election and Hancock's defeat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs happy that she is enjoying her travels in the North so much; thanks her for her detailed descriptions which allow him to see the places through his \"mental vision\"; discusses his routes home; says he will be home soon with two boys grandsons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses her travels in the North; tells of his grandsons' (Charles and Sewell) visit to Alexandria; discusses news at home.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the town of Bethlehem; says her Uncle William is visiting him; discusses his health; tells news of neighborhood.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays that her \"Scotts Nephew\" has arrived and has settled in a room; says he may go to Orange County, Va.? soon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes a visit by her cousins Kate Powell and Carrie; gives a long and detailed description of Carrie, her immediate family and her experiences.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses Ellen's tuition; says they are pleased with her education; says that their move to Richmond means that they will have to find another teacher.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes his journey to Nina's; describes an encounter between Bishop Randolph and Meta Stuart on the train concerning Amelie Rives; gives a description of each of his grandchildren.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHopes that she and Mrs. Wailes are steadily improving their health while at the springs; tells her of the death of Mrs. Braxton and the prospects of Ingleside; gives news of grandchildren and neighborhood.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses joy that her health is improving; tells of the death of General Wickham and how it affected the area; gives news of family and neighborhood.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes the school; says he may join the Blackford Society; tells about a grammar exam.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes the taking of an arithmetic exam which exempted him from taking any more; says he got some demerits; tells about football and how he is playing well.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells about his schedule and about his exams; says he had tea with Mr. Hooffs; discusses demerits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays he cannot teach this week because his nose is going to be operated on; says his mother and Sewell will occupy the children until then; says Sewell will go back to school soon; discusses the structure of his classes and asks her advice.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the nature of geometry and gives advice on how to learn it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays he has been ill; discusses activities at school and grades.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks her for the invitation to come visit while they are in Yorktown; says his two boys will come by sailing a canoe to Yorktown.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays they are all home for a week holiday; describes how they all got home; says Richard Cook came home with Selina; describes a real old timey Virginia country dance; says Selina likes Alexandria and the new home; describes what each person in the family has been doing; gives a description of the College of William and Mary; says he has overloaded himself with schoolwork this year; tells how the Alumni are reorganizing the Phi Beta Kappa fraternity; gives a description of the fraternity; mentions the burning of St. Paul's Church in Hanover; thanks her for the presents she sent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses examination schedule and work load; questions validity of mid-term examinations; praises the College for its level of academia; praises Dr. Hall, a professor of English; says that main event at the College now is the contest between societies for the society medals; says he is in the Phoenix society and may debate for it; says he took a trip to New Kent to see his \"girl\" and to visit friends; discusses the Daughters of the Revolution and the Organization of the Descendants of the Cincinnati; says he saw Cousin Laura and her husband Mr. Roberts, a preacher, who are in Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the new house which he is anxious to get home to see; says he and Charles will not finish exams until the end of June; discusses the social events of the \"final week\"; discusses his exams; discusses Selina's academic progress; says one must experience College life to understand the strength of its temptations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays he has spent much time with Nanna Powell McCormick, a cousin; describes her and what they have done together; says he is in love with her; discusses love and cupid; describes a card club he belongs to, and a German club.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHopes that she doesn't feel isolated from his immediate family; says that their \"great mutual loss\" has brought them all closer together; asks about her plans for the future; says he went to York to see Charles; discusses his housing at College; talks of recent fires in Richmond and Baltimore; speaks of his cousins and some girls that he has met.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses their family's genealogy; mentions Nicholas Lloyd, John Lloyd, and Sarah Lloyd.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the Presbyterian drive in Alexandria to save the old church; discusses church events; expresses joy to hear of Nina's marriage; mentions the fact that her Selina's father is over eighty years old.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Describes a house nearby; writes about her relatives that are staying there; asks her to come visit. Including Selina Powell to Nina Powell. Asks Nina to write Lizzie about the house, if it can be rented, and who they should talk to.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWishes her a Merry Christmas; tells what family members are making for presents; asks about her trip to Alexandria and the people she has seen; discusses the propriety of accepting a book for a gentleman; tells her to be happy and not to think too much.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses offers she has had for teaching, saying she will take the offer closest to where Mr. Powell teaches; advises her to get her teeth fixed; discusses styles; gives advice on how to motivate one of her students; says he will not go to Gloucester because of the recent \"outrages\" there; says she has a \"horror of drunken negroes.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdvises her to come home after her visit with Lizzie Watkins; gives a report on the health of family and friends; says almost \"all black and white\" went to the \"procession\" in Washington the day before; says her cousin Jinny Taylor's family is ill; sends her money. 4 pages. letter signed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses her poor health, saying she has been diagnosed as having a diseased heart; says she is staying with her sister Aggie who just got married; news of family. 4 pages. letter signed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses Nina's visit with her friends and her trip to the \"Bear's Den\"; writes of the many parties there have been since Nina left; says she has not seen Nina's sisters since they got back from Capon; discusses their friendship.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays her father still has not come home; describes a trip Nina and Rebecca made and the people they visited; writes of young men and friends who have come to visit Nina; news of friends and family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses dresses; writes of a \"Mr. C.,\" assuring her mother that they are not romantically involved; says Mr. and Mrs. Stringfellow left them to the care of the housekeeper; gives news about friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays that Uncle J. Powell does not think Lexington is a good place to open a school and Lynchburg would be better; discusses prices for boarding; says that her Father may have to look for a tutoring job for a family and then she will have to find work as close to him as possible; discusses sewing she has done; gives news about family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the remedies \"Mother\" has tried for her sore throat; describes Mrs. Wildman's receipt for asparagus; says \"Ma\" is experimenting on her throat and then will tell Minna how to treat hers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes her daily schedule, including teaching for \"the girls;\" says the \"Captain\" and the girls included her in a visit to Mrs. Cooke's; describes the people she met there and the house.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays he spent Christmas at Uncle Frank's and Aunt Jane's; reports on what he has been doing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses whether Emily ? will move to Fairlee as a servant?; asks if she will take someone from the \"Home for Fallen Women,\" if Emily declines.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays she went shopping for her and is sending her some articles; discusses fashions; says her Aunt Ann is still unwell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells her to take of herself while she is sick; discusses whether she should come home; tells of people there that are sick.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses Mary's furniture and which of it she can use; discusses Frank ?'s health; says Mrs. Hammond has died after being very ill; discusses health of friends and family; gives news of what her family is doing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells of safe arrival of Maud's baby daughter and her appearance; sends greetings to Becca, Nina, and herself.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives advice on letter writing and spelling. 1 page. letter. Incomplete.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Advises her not to work too hard; discusses board prices in Albemarle, where Mr. Powell is teaching; discusses hair styles; encloses a sample of material of Rebecca's berage ?; writes of the crowded conditions in Mrs. Sharpe's ? home; mentions reading.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends this note with a letter she is forwarding; hopes she is enjoying her visit; says she is feeling better.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses dresses and asks what else she will need for the summer; sends her a poem.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Consoles her in her time of \"troubles\"; says she has heard from their mother that she \"bears them bravely\"; urges her to take an interest in life and to try to be happy again.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes a dress that Minnie is making; discusses other dresses.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNews of family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes a walk he took from North Hampton to East Hampton; discusses Thanksgiving vacation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAsks her to send socks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells about her dolls; mentions some Powell relatives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks her for the donation for the restoration of a church on Fairfax St., near Selina's Aunt Rebecca's home; mentions a celebration for the laying of the corner stone of the District; describes a light hose that the government gave the Mount Vernon Chapter D.A.R.; mentions more historic work.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses religious matters; lists social events.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes duties and responsibilities of husband and wife; describes the state of marriage; pronounces the couple as husband and wife; states Benediction.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Signed as written by Laura ?; added note in different handwriting states \"written by Minna when eight years of age.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents 4 items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells of his appointment as Commander of the Continental Army, and his reluctance to accept the position due to hopes of a more peaceful solution and reluctance in leaving his family; gives information as to other Congressional decisions, such as the striking of 2 million dollars in Continental currency to pay troops.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents In answer to a previous letter, he feels that the only principle that will affect them the British? is fear, and that treating them cavalierly will make them despair of their undertaking. Statement on verso: Copy is in handwriting of Rebecca C. Powell of Alexandria.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Wishes to spend remainder of his life in \"rural amusements;\" prediction of what a great city Washington, D.C. will become, \"though not as large as London,\" and description of how Alexandria, Virginia has grown; feels that if the United States can steer clear of European politics, it could become \"one of the greatest and happiest nations in the world.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Discusses how he saved the papers of the Revolutionary Government by taking them to Leesburg, Virginia before the British burned the District of Columbia in the War of 1812. These papers included the Declaration of Independence, the journals of Congress, letter of General George Washington, Letters of General Greene and papers of the State Department. 2 pages. copy of letter signed, first part missing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMainly letters written from Illinois to Charles L. Powell dealing with land transactions. Also includes land certificates and letters to Lloyd Powell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Physical Location: See Oversize file. Concerning the transfer of 100 acres of land in St. Peter's Parish, New Kent County, Va..\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhysical Location: See medium oversize file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Signed on front by R. E. Lee and on verso by Mary Custis Lee, Lexington, Va..\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Signed on front and back by Mary Custis Lee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes detailed descriptions of battles and movements of armies. Manuscript Volume 1.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope and Contents Book includes a biographical sketch of Col. Leven Powell by Major Burr Powell son: a description of the battle at Manassas Junction on 1861 July 21in a letter from Dr. Hunter McGuire, Surgeon of Jackson's Brigade, to his Mother (Copy); Civil War Journal (May 1 - May 27); list of names: dead? under Civil War battles; Civil War Journal 1862 December 18 -1863 March 28; Leven Powell, Hampton to Sally Sarah Powell,1776 January 27, (Copy). Manuscript Volume 2.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlso includes recipes and how to dye cloth. Manuscript Volume 3.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes visiting, baptismal and confirmation lists, and marriages performed, accounts and prayers. included of pages concerning members of Powell Family. 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Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Letters and papers of Charles Leven Powell, his wife Selina (Lloyd) Powell and children of Loudoun County, Virginia; Henry, Illinois; Winchester, Virginia; and Alexandria, Virginia.","There are also included papers of Charles Leven Powell's father, Cuthbert Powell. Prominent correspondents include Johns Hopkins, Eleanor Agnes Lee, Fitzhugh Lee, George Washington Custis Lee, Mary Anna Randolph (Custis) Lee, Hunter Holmes McGuire and James Monroe.","Letters concern Robert Young Conrad, Hunter Holmes McGuire, civilian affairs during the Civil War, the Kilpatrick-Dahlgren Raid, freedmen, Reconstruction, and the education of women. Many letters are written by women.","In addition, there are a number of letters from and concerning members of the Dupuy family of Prince Edward County, Winchester, Virginia including Robert Young Conrad (president of the Virginia Secession Convention) and his son Holmes Conrad (U. S. Congressman)."," \nIncluded with the finding aid is \"The Powell and Lloyd Families of Alexandria, Virginia\" by Frank Snowden Hopkins (1988)."," \nSee also  Southern Women and their Families in the 19 th  Century Papers and Diaries Series C Reel # 04,05,06,07 in Swem Library's microforms area, call number HQ1438 .V5 S68","Including a statement, 1786 April 8 by J. Nicholson that the witnesses Joshua Lamb and John Lamb (both Quakers) and Joseph Greenwood affirmed and swore that this was the last will and testament of Thomas Hepborn.","Reports on the status of the ship The Rising Sun; says she will dispose of her cargo as soon as possible; says the ship was detained by the British (War of 1812), but given up.","Signed by William Hodgson and Thomas Van Le, Jr.","Her daughter ? Nancy, had a healthy baby boy who is nursing well; Nancy is staying with her now, and her husband Mr. Wallach, spends almost every night there also; is concerned that Nancy will live a hard life because of her husband's financial situation; on the other hand, her daughter Catherine ? will be \"free from the trials attended on a state of poverty,\" being married to Cuthbert Powell, who owns a large farm in Loudoun County; much Simms family news; mentions Mrs. Trist's grandson, Nicholas Trist.","Signed by B. Cottinger.","Fatherly letter giving his opinion of a certain young lady and marriage, as well as general advice.","Discussion of his engagement to this daughter Selina, and the seriousness of the matter, especially in concerning finances; tells of his poor financial state as related to a dowry, or the lack thereof, for his daughter; gives his approval of the \"alliance,\" but hopes they will delay the marriage for some time.","Has given great consideration to his claim against the French government and has turned the case over to Stephen Pleasonton, who is the auditor for the Dept. of State and who is now handling all claims; since Mr. Pleasonton is a personal friend and he (James Monroe) is greatly interested in his Burr Powell case, he knows he will get an answer soon; will also be returning the agriculture pamphlet.","Sends extract of Mr. Pleasonton's reply concerning the claim against the French government and asks that he reply with the necessary information; will also do anything he can to help.","Further discussion of his claim against the French government and dealings with Stephen Pleasanton and Isaac Coxe Barnett.","More instructions about the claim being made against the French government.","Further discussion and explanation of the case involving Burr Powell and his claim against the French government.","Continued information concerning Powell's claim against the French government.","The new court system has kept him extremely busy; social life has slowed down; the fashion these days to relieve boredom is to ride horseback; expresses concern for his own colt in the country; inquires after Dr. Nelson and his medical career; also asks about a large, gay party at South River; recommends books for good reading including Schlegel's History of Literature.","Has received the results of his claim from Mr. Pleasonton and regrets the outcome, which he disagrees with; does not feel anyone is to blame.","Asks her to come visit over Christmas; describes the social events in Arlington; mentions her cousin George Calvert; says the big event is the fair for the benefit of orphans.","Describes a walk she took and the surrounding countryside, including the wildflowers and startling a herd of deer; had many visitors, including a very graceful lady who is said to have been \"addressed\" by Mr. Van Buren, a \"jolly goodnatured ... commodore and some of the ugliest officers,\" and Mrs. Porter and her scholars; tells of books she has read, including Tales of a Grandfather, The Sorcerer, and The Talisman; loving memories and looking forward to their next meeting.","Have just returned from a visit to her grandmother's and her cousin, Ann Marshall; they all are saddened by the death of Mr. Fitzhugh; describes the country from South to West River, where she had visited, and comments on meeting a lovely girl, Bella Carter; mentions the jealousy of another male suitor?, Seldon Page; mentions Mary Custis. 3 pages. letter signed.","Sends his best wishes for her new life with Charles L. Powell; will be able to attend the wedding as well as \"Brother Nelson\"; is uncommonly warm; is sending a bonnet for her and a small diamond breast-pin for Father by the steamboat Franklin, commanded by Admiral Nevitt; describes the long ribbons attached to the bonnet, which are for going once all the way around the bonnet before knotting them by the ear, not for tying a bow under the chin; also includes a diagram of how to tie them in the current fashion; admits to having been helped in choosing the bonnet by Miss Olivia Donaldson.","Discusses events in Washington D.C.; says she went to \"the President's\" on New Year's day; discusses Mr. Marshall's sermons; mentions books she is reading; asks Selina to come visit her.","Says her health is improving; encourages her to ask her for help when she needs it; discusses the articles she is sending her including a lemon tree, curtains, a mattress; discusses how these things will get to her; gives news about the children; Bec, Nanny, Frank, and Fred.","His mother-in-law has told him of the wonderful news of the birth of another daughter Hattie, and that both mother and baby are safe; will be up to visit in about a week; comments on balancing the sexes in the family, and that he has \"no notion of supplying my brother's and sister's children with wives\"...\"we shall hate to transport them his daughters to the wilds of the west\"; all is well at home, a new hen house is being built, but the garden is too wet to work; is lonely but is visiting neighbors; family news; religious sentiments expressed about her, their new daughter, and their family.","Gives account of his trip to Wheeling, including a sweet good-bye from daughter Rebecca; was not able to locate Robert Gray or ? Throckmorton at Harper's Ferry, but later met them at Point of Rocks; detailed description of a railroad and train cars; tells poignant story of a dog on the train searching for his master.","Has had many family visitors since his departure and family news; there is a measle outbreak at \"Llangollen,\" and all of the \"negroes\" have it; she had her teeth filed by Dr. Overfield?; a fire in Upperville destroyed Robert Armistead's new store and the adjoining saddle shop; they have had a beautiful snowfall, covering all of the blossom-filled trees, which melted quickly, doing no harm to the fruit; had a letter from brother John, who advises that he Charles L. Powell \"go directly to Texas\"; loving stories about their daughter's activities.","Had a bad thunderstorm the day she left; inquires about her trip and her relatives; details of children's activities; has let Becca sleep with him.","Their father will be taking a trip West this spring, accompanied by cousin William; family information; social life in Leesburg very quiet; misses her and her family.","Details of his trip from Alexandria; spent the night with relatives; warns her about catching a cold on a windy day; tells of conversations with their young son.","Private financial matters; tells of his busy schedule as a representative from Virginia to the U.S. legislature; gives his negative opinion concerning a bank? bill introduced by Henry Clay,which he feels the President would veto; Daniel Webster shares his opinion; life insurance inquiry.","Will not be home when expected because the House of Representatives is not going to adjourn until Monday; the Congress received their second veto from President Tyler regarding the Bank Bill; describes an assault made by Sen. Henry A. Wise upon Sen. Edward Stanlyin Congress.","Asking about her visit to Washington and the Chamber of National Institute; speaks of floods, bad weather, but comfortable where he is, because of Margaret's? kindness; describes lifestyle and \"humorous remarks of Charles Lamb,\" sexual relationship with her.","Wishing thumb to heal; speaks of cattle and other animals at \"Llangollen\" that he misses; asks about children; saw Ann? mentions Virginia Taylor's visit; will visit wife before harvest; reference to brother, Leven, and his wife, and Sarah?","Hustle and excitement of the House of Representatives; hoping to adjourn on Monday the twenty-second, but difficulties cause many night meetings; political discussion about Tariff question and Tuck bill.","Discusses her story at \"the Springs;\" tells about the politics the company there discussed; gives her own view of these issues; gives news about family and friends; hopes that Congress will soon adjourn so that he can come home.","Compares episode of thief robbing hen house to thieves in Washington trying to rob \"public treasures\"; wants to buy books for her; tells how he wishes to be with her and the rest of his family.","Writes of the bad weather and that they are able to get out very little; says Mr. Powell went to the Inauguration on horseback; tells what books the family members are reading; mentions the issue of white servants; discusses Rebecca's feelings of becoming a young lady; says that they could not get the house they wanted for next year; mentions Mr. Powell's feelings of frustration for not being able to better provide for them; gives more news about the Inauguration; news of family and friends.","Daughter, Harriet, left with Uncle William to spend holidays with them; daughter Minna had a birthday party, inviting Aunt Mary's children and Eskridges; family news; death of Maria Lee.","Discusses her religious feelings; discusses her traveling plans; describes her relationship with each of her relatives where she is staying; says she is staying with Fan and helping her with her wedding.","Discusses the housekeeping and how Rebecca is taking care of the house while she is away; discusses the health of family members; tells how they are altering last year's dresses; says \"Mother\" is quite weak and \"Father\" is very dependent on her; gives news of Brother Nelson and Jeanie (sister?); gives travel plans of family; says Mr. Powell has gotten six teeth put in and looks much younger.","Describes their arrival home with her brother Nelson; gives news of \"little Nan\"?; asks about Rebecca and Minna's trip; tells her to be happy and to follow God; says Charlie is doing well in school.","Family news; mentions Laura's? wedding.","Tells what she did during her visit to Locust Hill; tells what is going on in town; gives news of family and friends. Including news from letter from \"Mother\" Selina Powell to Rebecca Powell telling of her many activities.","Discusses Jesus and how one must search for and do things that please Him; asks that she watch her sister, Minna, closely so that she will not overexert herself; Ariana? had a baby boy; describes son Charlie's and daughter Nina's reactions to reading school and learning; family news.","Speaks of John's? carriage and velocipede that once was Minna Lloyd's, describing how she rode the vehicle; describes what a Holly tree is; (has genealogical information about Minna Powell, Lloyd Powell, and Charlie Powell in a different hand, which appears to have been added later.)","Gloucester Court House,Va. Speaks of her \"companion in Matilda Lee?; received visit from Nannie Guy and Maria Harrison; describes celebration in honour of General Taylor's election; describes Mrs. Janney's travels; town gossip and family news.","Family news; speaks of going to Locust Hill; inquires and tells about adventures of many townspeople; obliged to Mrs. Tabb for taking care of her and other daughter, Minna.","Speaks of Cousin Lucy's? party; describes Christmas scene around her house and gifts that the children received; describes Cousin Elizabeth Janney and compares to Cousin Harriet; family news.","Discusses who has come to visit her; describes Cousin Lee's wife, Maria, and their wedding; asks about her Christmas; describes the book marks she made for Christmas presents; asks how Minna is doing.","Speaks of snow and bad weather; notes that daughters, Rebecca and Minna, have been gone for almost three months; Fanny (Powell) Gordon is going to visit Fredericksburg; mentions a letter from Jeannie? who found General Jones, in Washington, quite \"agreeable and handsome\"; Cuthbert Powell is much better, and he speaks of going to Gloucester to join a Mr. Hale; Nina is afraid of everything; family news; mentions hiring of a slave, Margaret.","Rebecca's description of her Uncle Tabb's Dr. John Prosser Tabb house seems far in advance of Old-Virginian architectural styles; speaks of death of Mrs. Douglas Gordon.","Speaks of dancing as a family as a \"social amusement,\" but says that it does offend some \"in the religious world;\" says that one must respect the public opinion of the community where one lives; had severe weather; family news. 3 pages. letter signed. Including note signed from Hatty Powell, Leesburg, Va., to Minna Powell, Gloucester Court House, for letter and \"glove-knots\" and sending love to Aunt Rebeccaand Uncle John Prosser.","Her brother Charlie and sister Nina have sore throats, and her father has a bad cold; snowy weather; Hatty went with Aunt Ellen to Selma and Raspberry Plain; Mr. Armistead Rust is to be married before March 4; family news.","Scope and Contents Reports on the snow storms they have had; mentions the coming wedding of Armistead Rust and Lilly Lawrence; tells how he likes working at the store; describes one of their customers; describes the house they may rent next spring. Including letter signed from Selina Powell, Leesburg, Virginia, to Rebecca Powell, Gloucester, Virginia Says she is glad to hear Minna's health is improving; gives news of family; says her brother Nelson soon sails for California to dig gold, and may not be back for five years; reports on how he expects to live; says that there are measles and mumps in town.","Maris's? father announced as candidate for re-election; General Rust's family going to New York to attend a wedding; father is renting Carper's house; bad weather and snow causing many colds and illnesses; Mrs. Eskridge's father died; father may go to the Inauguration; family news. 4 pages. letter signed.","Saw Representative John S. Pendleton at the House of Representativesin Washington, D.C.; Pendleton wants a senate appointment; he will not go to Leesburg because he does not want to \"meddle with party movements\"; mentions \"County Repeal of the dog law.\"","Scope and Contents Mother and Father are both sick; \"brother\" has gone to inauguration; describes how to make eggnog, and gives her opinion of it; describes riding horses to the cliff and tells of adventures. 1 page. letter signed. Including letter from Harriet Powell, Leesburg, Virginia, to \"sister\" Rebecca Powell, Gloucester, Virginia, 1849 February 27, incomplete letter concerning outbreak of the mumps and family and town news.","Father suffering from piles; mumps are still prevailing; do not have parties during Lent; family news.","Scope and Contents Speaks of gossip saying that Mr. Benedict is having an affair with Mrs. Henderson; describes procession in Washington, D.C. and the inauguration; family news. Including letter signed from Selina Powell, Leesburg, Va., to Rebecca Powell, Gloucester, Virginia, 1849 March 26, concerning family news and the time of year.","Scope and Contents Expresses joy that Minna's health is till improving; says she is recovering from her cold; says Lloyd and Hattie have been ill as well; discusses the issue of Rebecca upsetting her aunt Rebecca by being late for a meal; says her aunt is easily vexed in \"her condition\"; gives news of friends and family; describes their new servant Robert. 4 pages. letter signed. Including letter signed from Charles S. Powell, to Rebecca Powell, , undated, concerning Uncle Prosser's desire to put Minna on \"short allowance,\" and Minna's consumption of beef.","Describes their move to another house which she says is comfortable but small; hopes that the Gloucester air is getting rid of her cold; says their father is busy with court dealings; says many in the area have mumps including Hattie; says that Hattie is getting a tooth plugged; says she does not want Lloyd to leave to live so far away; discusses mesmerism (hypnotism).","Speaks of her bad health; her husband is busy preparing for court; mentions a party at Exeter; Mrs. Fontleroy had a girl so Mrs. Knox is a grandmother; much more family news and information.","Scope and Contents Rebecca Powell will be coming home within a week or so; Fanny? is at Locust Hill with the mumps; family news; Uncle William Graypersuaded Father to go to Gum Springs, Va., until after the election; election day events seemed to be going against Father. Including note signed from Nina Powell, Leesburg, Virginia, to \"Sister Minna\" Powell, Gloucester Court House, Virginia, 1849 April 26, concerning family news.","Describes Minna's cough and how they are treating it; tells her what clothes Lloyd and Charlie should wear if it gets colder; says she has been doing little except taking care of Minna; discusses new dresses for the winter and corsets; gives news of friends and relatives; discusses travel plans, to come home for the winter.","Discusses dresses, materials and costs; discusses bonnets; gives news of family; thanks her and Hattie for taking care of the household duties while she is away.","Says Minna is now well and that they are anxious to come home; gives news of Jeanie (her sister?), and Rebecca; gives news of \"Mother\" and \"Father\"; discusses books.","Says Mr. Powell had his \"likeness taken\" at the Daguerreotype rooms; says Minna's health continues to improve but that she may have one tonsil taken out; discusses the remedies she is taking; says she feels stronger also; gives news of friends; gives news of Rebecca, Jeanie, and \"sister\" Ann; discusses walking shoes.","Gives advice on her health and over-exertion; describes the illumination that took place in the neighborhood; tells of visits she has made; tells stories about Minna's sister, Nina; gives news of family and friends; says Hattie has lost her \"excess of fat\" and is walking three times a day.","Tells what each family member is doing; discusses bonnets; discusses appearance versus reality as concerning materialism; discusses the opportunities for her in Alexandria; discusses the role of children in the family; gives news of friends and family; mentions that \"brother\" John may move and that if they move to Illinois, they will be closer to him.","Says they got there a few days ago and that Mr. Powell, Mr. Grey(?), and \"brother Llew\" have gone to the sale of slaves (\"the sale of the negroes\"); discusses her visit in Alexandria with her grandparents; Discusses the bad weather in Leesburg and the bad condition of the roads; says their family must economize rigidly; says Mr. Powell found the law business in Alexandria too small, so they will not be moving there; expresses her disappointment at the outcome; gives news of family.","Scope and Contents Reviews Christmas gifts received by everyone; describes a \"reading party\"; describes Christmas decorations of the Church; family news. Including note signed from Selina Powell, Leesburg, Virginia, to Rebecca Powell, 1849 December 29, concerning when daughter, Rebecca, is to return home.","Tells of the recent social events of the area; describes the format of a reading party; says her mother-in-law could not make it to their home because of the snow; asks her how her mother is doing; says there are still small pox in the area; discusses how many servants she has and what each does; says that Rebecca's Uncle George took Cuthbert to an asylum in Baltimore and hopes he will be happier there then when he was \"out.\"","Gives news of Rebecca's Uncle Richard and Aunt Elizabeth who live in Illinois; says she plans to get a description of the Illinois life from them; gives news of Ellen? who is unwell and is going to a doctor in New York; discusses how Rebecca can get home; describes family activities; says they have been able to do little because of the rain and mud; says she lies on her back all day sewing while her children read to her.","Scope and Contents Reading parties are the only way she can socialize; reports Maria Grady's death; reports about a big baptist meeting going on there headed by Mrs. Lucket; much town news. 4 pages. letter signed. Including letter signed from Selina Powell, Leesburg, Virginia, to Rebecca Powell, Alexandria, Virginia, January 26, 1850, concerning Rebecca Powell's trip home and Maria Grady's \"triumphant death.\"","Scope and Contents Speaks of terrible weather; boasts of learning to spin rolls of cotton on a spinning wheel; reports death of Rebecca Gray, Robert Gray's daughter; describes her daily routine; discusses Mary Grady. Including letter signed from \"devoted mother,\" Selina Powell, Leesburg, Virginia, to \"Bec,\" Rebecca Powell, Alexandria, Virginia, January 1850, concerning bad weather, family news, and attendance to the convention.","Says many in the family have been very sick for a couple of days and that she has had to nurse them; says Minna is now sick; and never had fully recovered from the chicken pox she had before; gives advice of how to be a good guest; advises her on her studies.","Says she has a toothache but must wait until May to get them pulled; describes a humorous reading party; says there was a case of small pox in the area and that many are being revaccinated. Including letter signed from \"mother\" Selina Powell to Rebecca Powell. Discusses her travel plans home; tells her to follow her grandparents' advice; gives news of family.","Expresses joy that her younger siblings are recovering from the measles so well; reports on health of \"Grandma\" and \"Grandpa\" Lloyd; gives news of Aunt Rebecca, Jeanie, and Minnie; Tells what she had done each day.","Inquires about many weddings in Leesburg and about who will need new dresses; speaks of ball thrown by Maria Washington; other city news.","Gives general description of Henry and discusses the family's move there; discusses the house they will build; advises what they should bring; reports on the emigrants in the area; discusses their travel plans in detail; asks Charlie to bring Newfoundland puppies; gives news of family there.","Describes presents sent to grandchildren; tells of Christmas scene in Alexandria; wants granddaughters to meet a polite gentleman that impressed her. Including poem, 1852, by R. C. Powell, beginning \"'Ours the cross.' Yes it is ours,\" giving a religious viewpoint.","Speaks of how she makes embroidery patterns and what colors are preferred; inquires about some of her friends; John Leven Powell says that Brooke? looks badly; aunt Fanny trying to match Brooks with Lucy Gordon; speaks of a Mr. Beverley breaking out around his face and \"bleeding profusely\".","Scope and Contents Mr. Gordon? will be a delegate to the democratic convention in Richmond, Virginia; much use of her eyes results in inflammation of her eyelids; \"Llangollen\" property is deteriorating; much town news and family news; mentions her dower right.","Speaks of helping Frank and Lucy ? with their new baby; describes female servants and her experiences with them; describes health of her daughters, Harriet, Rebecca, and Minna; reports of a few cases of \"cholera\"; reports of a good garden.","Gives a detailed report of Minna's health, expressing hope that her headaches are definitely getting better; tells about people who have visited the family; mentions a desegregated school in \"abolition ground\"; tells what her sisters have been doing since she left; discusses Rebecca's journey.","Mrs. Janney's baby died while she was ill; a Mr. Anderson, a Presbyterian Minister, says that his wife, Miss Harper, is a relative of Selina's (her father's Aunt); speaks of Fred's? wedding; tells of episode when she goes to visit a Mrs. Brown?; describes a visit they made to some neighbors; describes Mr. Lombard's house that is being built; reports on the food they are preparing and what is available to them; says the winter goods have still not come in; mentions sewing that her daughters are doing; news of family and friends.","Mentions Fanny's ? wedding; family news; possibility that Rebecca's Uncle Gordon ? might be elected to legislature; family does not wish Rebecca Powell to return home this winter.","Describes a visit they made to some new neighbors; describes Mr. Lombard's house that is being built; reports on the food they are preparing and what is available to them; says the winter goods have still not come in; mentions sewing that her daughters are doing; news of family and friends.","Describes their busy preparations for winter; describes their daily routine; says she is glad to have Lucy and Fred stay with them; describes their Sunday school; reports on Scholastics (a servant) who is now reading well; news of family and friends; discusses dresses and styles; asks about Rebecca's Uncle Nelson; mentions that Rebecca's Uncle Gordon was elected; asks about Fan's? wedding and hopes she and William will be happy.","Speaks of his daughter's trip, whom she should visit, and money matters; hopes to soon reap the financial benefits of his store; mentions Bishop Whitehouse's determination to give the college broad foundations; family news.","Family news; sleet and bad weather; religious discussion and viewpoints; Lucy and John? have a daughter now.","Scope and Contents Mr. Powell, Charles and Richard Lloyd are busy with new business as \"Land Agents\"; town of Henry, Illinois now has a newspaper and a steam mill; hopes to have a railroad passing through soon; there is not a decent Church and she wishes to see one built; Lloyd Powell, son of Selina, studies German because there are so many Germans in their town to do business with.","Scope and Contents Sarcastically teases her sister about differences between lifestyles of \"Far West\" and the East; Uncle Fred ? went to Springfield to see that railroad went from Peoria through Henry, Illinois; mentions problems with scarlet fever; family news.","Speaks of liquor laws and problems with drinking; describes lectures; such family and town news; mentions other religious lectures.","Expresses desire for daughter Rebecca to return home; Minna Powell still having problems with headaches; family news; Fred? went to Chicago to see stockholders of the Peoria and Rock Island Railroad; asks for Rebecca to send asparagus seed and large lima beans; mentions Thackery's lectures, and gives her opinion about his books and religious teachings.","Scope and Contents Family news; \"land business\" will provide many opportunities for travel; Rebecca planning to go to Leesburg soon. Including note from Charles L. Powell, Henry, Illinois, to \"darling,\" Rebecca Powell, , 1853 March 11, sending his daughter ten dollars and writing her as to how to handle her expenses and requesting her to bring home her Grandfather's papers.","States that even though he just left yesterday, she wanted to put a letter in the books to be sent to him; comments on their inability to see each other even though he is only seven miles away.","Mentions his job as a traveling salesman and how he hopes to soon be Uncle Richard's Lloyd administration; resolved in town meeting to build the Railroad Peoria and Chicago.","Scope and Contents Expresses her disappointment that she cannot see Rebecca before Rebecca returns to Henry, Illinois; describes the friendship between them; news of friends in Baltimore.","Tells of carriage accident involving Mr. and Mrs. Richard Dulaney, where their horses were scared by the Clifton Mill and threw Mrs. Dulaney; she and father attended Dr. Rutherford's lectures; emphasizes that ladies got to vote, as well as gentlemen, on whether they were satisfied with the lectures; new wharf boat has arrived.","Describes the towns of Rushville and Pittsfield; said he enjoyed Pittfield more, but that Uncle Richard Lloyd sent him an assignment for Rushville; says he will be there about a month; asks about friends and family.","Scope and Contents Rebecca has come home; Minna joined the church with her family; gives religious views; family news. Including letter from Minna Powell, Henry, Illinois, to \"Brother\" , 1853 May 11, referring to Rushville, as location of brother; tells of beautiful spring weather and describes scenery.","Will soon be coming home; complains of sore throat and headaches; has had scarlet fever; family information.","Gossips about \"Miss Jane,\" a mutual friend; says he and Dr. Winslow found her in her parlor with a man; says the servant did not want to let them in and that it was an uncomfortable situation. Including letter written in margins from \"Cousin\" Jane to Rebecca Powell concerning religious publication, an Episcopal convention.","Expresses how much she misses him; discusses reading material.","Describes Aunt Ellen's Powell Gray recovery from an illness; much family news; describes wedding that she went to; expresses romantic interest in a Dr. Claggett; includes printed poems.","Describes physical appearance of \"Llangollen\" as well as her feelings towards the place; reminisces about when family lived in Virginia. Talks about old friends; family news.","Scope and Contents Tells her little sister Nina about old friends and family; gives details of things she has been doing. Including letter from \"Hatty\" Harriet Powell, \"Llangollen,\" Virginia, to \"Mother,\" Selina Powell, 1853 October 10. Concerning warmer clothes; advantages of \"flannel draws\" over a \"wadded petticoat.\"","Scope and Contents Says she has been extremely ill and so have many in the area; says she has been traveling in order to improve her health; tells of her problems with Custis and his lessons; says Robert is still holding his office in Washington but wishes to leave; asks how she likes \"the West\" and if her husband is finding success; news of friends.","Reports Lucy's? death and grief everyone feels; Nelly? is to be baptized; other family news.","21 items.","Tells of their Christmas and New Years celebrations. Also includes \"Mother\" Selina Powell, to Rebecca Powell. Expresses hope that Rebecca can be with her relatives in Baltimore; discusses the nature of receiving advice and making her own decisions concerning her travel plans.","Speaks of attending a party; mentions \"matching up\" procedures at party; family news; details Christmas gifts.","Mentions religious feelings; speaks of a railroad being built nearby; Virginia? had her annual get-together on December 26; of family members; mentions a friend's visit to the Crystal Palace; Mrs. Augustine Washington had the first male child born at Mt. Vernon recently; family news; mentions Rear Admiral Leven Minn Powell.","Mentions Brooks'? wedding; describes details of the wedding; much family news.","Tells of her day spent with Lizzie King and Jane Norris; describes a dinner given for a couple about to get married; news of other friends.","Mentions sicknesses of Nelson Lloyd and John Lloyd; speaks of a Douglas Forrest who attends Yale College; has to take a boat to Washington D.C.; gives price rates per acre of land at that time; gives prices for a lot of land.","Family news about cousins Nannie and Fanny?; mentions Uncle Nelson's Lloyd recovery; travels by omnibus.","Family news; describes her garden and its contents; Regina? was married; Mr. Livingston? requests influence of Charles L. Powell to obtain the consulship of London through General Baercel?; mentions Mr. McFaddin as being the mayor of Henry.","Family news; describes the scenery at Locust Hill; some of Uncle George's ? children have chicken pox.","Identified as much of note added in unknown handwriting, possibly that of Selina Lloyd Hepburn.","Description of Minna's gravesite; tells what he's doing to improve its appearance.","Describes trip to Niagara Falls; describes places visited in New York and where he lives; describes his studies.","Describes courses he is studying at school; describes the first time he saw a man dive under water and the suit he wore below water; staying at a boarding house.","John Lloyd who died in 1854; estimated price value are given.","Describes study habits and classes; mentions prices of a ring and a clock; describes his financial situation. .","Describes in detail her Quaker wedding to Frank? on 1854 December 14.","Nina's Christmas gift from Charles arrived safely; mentions wedding of a fellow student; serenaded the couple with a \"horse fiddle\"; describes his activities in his spelling class; mentions plans to return home in the spring.","Expresses religious beliefs; lists prices for renting his room.","Describes Charter Oak, an attraction in Hartford; describes his visit to an armory; staying with a Mr. Parsons and describes his family.","Scope and Contents Discusses financial settlements he is making for his father concerning the house, lands, furniture; says Uncle Fred and Uncle Neb are leaving Henry and they are all \"disgusted\" with Henry and that he thinks his (father's) decision not to come back was wise; mentions the family move to Winchester, Virginia","12 items, 1856. 16 items, 1857","Describes their Christmas which was spent at Uncle Fred's and Aunt Lute's; describes a Christmas ball and a New Year's ball in detail; says he has had some problems with dyspepsia; asks about cousin Kate's wedding to a senator.","Reports on Aunt Lib and Uncle R?'s new son, Richard; says he rented out their house in Henry; says he has been away from \"home\" now for three months; and will not go to New Orleans, Mobile, and Augusta; describes how he decorated Minna's grave, and expresses hope that her resting place will soon be Virginia; asks about their school; sends money from a large profit he made selling land.","Describes his visit to Louisville where he saw his cousins and went to many social events; says that the train ride from Kentucky was very rough; says he will be in Vicksburg in a week and then will go to Wilmington, North Carolina; Mobile, Alabama; New Orleans; and Memphis, Tennessee; asks about family and friends.","Describes his stay in Vicksburg, and his visit with Mr. And Mrs. Eilbeck Mason and Miss Louisa Fox; says that he did not see Cousin John Russell while in New Orleans; discusses his travel plans; asks about Hatty's teaching.","Expresses joy that she is well from the influenza; says he has recently traveled to Portsmouth, Va,, the Carolinas, Georgia, Alabama and Mississippi; says he will now go to Texas; discusses travel plans; asks her to pick out one of her friends for him; discusses Charlie's new job in St. Louis.","Scope and Contents Describes St. Louis and the Virginia House Hotel; inquires about the new scholars the family has taken on; harasses Nina for not writing. Including note from Charles L. Powell, St. Louis, Missouri, to Nina Powell, Winchester, Virginia, 1856 May 4, concerning his happiness about Nina joining the Church.","Describes hard times in Illinois; intent to move back to Virginia when business picks up; family news.","Speaks of influenza and other illnesses prominent in the town; reports the death of Mr. Adies ?; Ellen Powell is in Washington Infirmary; house is being renovated; family news.","Says he just returned from Henry; says Charlie is on his way to Henry to start his new job in Uncle Fred's store; describes Henry and the house they used to live in; reports that Uncle Fred is building a house; gives new of Scholastics and Monsieur Carlo; says he will go to Pennsylvania next and then visit them.","Reports that Lloyd Powell is on his way to Virginia; describes their yard and home in Henry; yellow fever is not a problem this year in Illinois; he went to a concert given by the Baleis.","Inquires about the \"weddings fair\"; discusses his travels and the loneliness involved in his job; mentions his relief that the campaigns and elections are over; sends messages to friends at home.","Nina has begun studying Latin and learning how to draw; mentions the extension of the Chicago and Pern canal down to Henry; much family news.","Tells what each family member is doing; discusses religion and the duties of a Christian; gives news of friends who have joined the church; discusses Minna's grave; discusses letter writing; tells of recent marriages and engagements; gives her philosophy on why he should not begin to chew tobacco; news of family and friends.","Scope and Contents Makes reference to Valentine's Day and Washington's Birthday; mentions last year's parade and the marching continentals; reports of bad rain storm that tore up the railroad track and caused problems with mud and flooding; family news. Includes note signed from Charles L. Powell, Jr., Henry, Illinois, to Nina Powell, Winchester, Virginia, 1857 February 22, telling her to turn to their 'one friend' for strength and advice.","Scope and Contents Describes a storm which kept him in Henry, Illinois, unable to travel; gives recent travel plans, including a trip to Philadelphia by boat; gives news of friends and family in Henry; says many river towns are flooded.","Reports his knowledge of Lloyd's Powell return to Winchester; relatives are going to the Episicpal Church for Easter; reports Dr. Hoagland ? as being a bad tenant in their house in Illinois; mentions happiness that Nina Powell is joining the church today.","Gives news of relatives in Alexandria; tells his travel plans; says he finds the women of Virginia far more appealing than those of South Carolina.","Uncle Fred? and Aunt Lucy? are leaving for Virginia; sending his mother his daguerreotype, a photograph; reports that Lloyd is in St. Louis; Bridget, a past boarder, had a little girl; family news.","Describes the family vacation and adventures; describes the baths; mentions the parties they have attended; family news.","Family is on vacation; describes activities and scenery at Capon Springs; family news.","Speaks about taking inventory at the store; family news.","Says they just got back from Capon; asks her not to take silver nitrate for her headaches; says they have all improved their health by the visit to Capon; says \"brother\" Nelson is now there hoping the springs will help him; says they did not get the house that they wanted to rent; gives news of friends; says Rebecca, Hatty, and Lloyd are there. Including letter from Charles L. Powell to Nina Powell. Says that he misses her and wishes she could have been at Capon; asks about her headaches.","Describes his travels from Baltimore to Henry; mentions shortage of money due to bank failures; gives detailed news of the town, including improvements being made; news of Henry relatives; mentions that the bank failures will result in fewer land dealings and therefore, less work for him; asks about the young ladies of Winchester.","Inquires about Mr. Waler's? lectures; attends the Methodist Church now; reports of the adventures during hunting season; mentions the new idea of pavement sidewalks.","Describes a severe snowstorm and its effects on Henry; tells how he spent Thanksgiving day; describes their new cook with whom he is infatuated; mentions the death of Robert Conrad?; gives messages of friends in Winchester.","Reports of Nina getting her teeth straightened; describes method; reports that the number of scarlet fever cases is greatly reduced; she is very busy with the boarding school; tells of a fight between Charlie McCormick and a police officer; mentions Hunter Holmes McGuire; family news.","Discusses the death of Robert ? and the reaction of the town; gives news of friends; sends her love to her mother and relatives; wants to know what Dr. Chase said about her teeth.","Writes about Nina's plans to go home; says she is concerned about her traveling when her teeth are in such a condition.","20 items.","Refers to the \"hard times\" everyone is experiencing; describes farm activities; family news; describes how to make a mousetrap.","Describes midwest weather and the usual fall-like temperatures; says that they are all much healthier because of the mild weather; says ties are hard and the bank in Henry just closed, but that the town is continuing to improve; asks about Mrs. Powell's occupation, teaching; mentions the death of Robert Conrad and describes his character; messages to family members.","Reports of freezing temperatures of -15 F and snow in Henry; mentions sleighing in the snow; reports story of a bank robbery.","Reports of Lloyd's Powell trip to St. Louis to try and find Charles a job; family news; mentions a Mr. Lombard who plans to return to Henry and open a bank of issue.","Discusses who owes him letters from home; says he could not find a job for Charley Charles L. Powell, Jr.? in St. Louis because of the poor economy; gives news of Randolph Powell, of St. Louis, and John Webb Powell, of Utah; says he will be home during the summer.","Mentions that she missed his birthday with a card but thought of him that day; expresses religious feelings and beliefs; family news; lists people recently confirmed in the Church; outbreak of typhus fever at the University ?","Tells of his travels; describes Memphis, Tenn.; gives news of \"cousin\" William Powell who resides in Memphis; gives news of Mr. And Mrs. Mason, residing in Vicksburg; describes Leake County where he sold some of his Uncle Nelson's land; gives news of \"cousin\" John Wilson of New Orleans and of \"cousin\" John Chilton, who may send his daughter Sarah to school in Virginia; tells his travel plans, stating he will be in Virginia in a month; gives news to family and friends.","Describes scenery where he is; tells of a May party that some school girls had; describes his boat riding trip; family news; mentions arrival of Mr. Winn, the new Presbyterian minister.","Reports having been sick with a bad cold; family news; Nina has problems with other schoolgirls because her parents operate the school; trying to plan Charlie's return home for the summer.","Asks about fourth of July entertainment; Mr. Winn gave an exceptional sermon; Uncle Richard? bought a piano and a side-saddle; family news.","Inquires about boarding students; inquires about vacations at Capon Springs, West Virginia; tells of his success at duck hunting; family news; mentions Stephen A. Douglas.","Gives news of Uncle Richard's and Uncle Fred's families; says that Frank's baby is still ill; gives news of Hammond and Minna; comments that he will not see his family for another year; gives news of Charlie Charles L. Powell, Jr. and his employment possibilities; asks about Uncle Neb of Clark, Va?.","Gives her opinion about chewing tobacco, smoking, and other bad habits; incorporates religious duty into her opinion; some family news.","Discusses his habit of chewing tobacco and how he should discipline himself to quit.","Discusses the weather; reports on Hammond; reports that Mr. Chandler of Henry is getting married in Boston; says they will stay at Mrs. Taber's for the winter; gives news of Charlie (Charles) L. Powell, Jr.; comments on the involvement of women in politics in Henry; news of friends; comments on the decreased enrollment at the family school, saying they will at least have a lighter workload; mentions Stephen A. Douglas.","Expresses her disappointment in Charlie's having tasted tobacco; tells him that he is doing wrong to continue this habit; voices many religious views.","Reports that river is flooding the town; talks of Christmas holidays; family news.","A birthday letter for Nina's sixteenth birthday; describes the weather; family news; Min? is the \"editress\" of the \"Minnehaha\"; tells of the affairs of a Miss Amanda?.","Gives account of how he spends his days with emphasis on his Sunday activities; tried to quit chewing tobacco but couldn't; tells of episode where Uncle Richard? lost his saddle bags in the town of Bradford; river was frozen and people are ice skating; family news.","Tells where the girls boarding with them are going for Christmas; describes their Christmas plans; recollects their last Christmas with Minna; gives religious advice; sends her love to Lloyd.","18 items.","Would love for her to stay with him; mentions a sister Hannah.","Reports that Lloyd Powelland Uncle Richard ? have gone to Memphis, Tenn.; tells of the building of a road for $10,000; describes a surprise party he attended; mentions Valentine's Day and how many he has received; family news.","Reports that Uncle Richard and Frank are with him in Memphis, to see if they want to move there; says that he does not believe Uncle Richard will leave Illinois, but that Frank probably will; says that they tried to look up William Powell but he had moved to Arkansas; discusses the possibilities of his parents establishing a school in the area, and the risks involved.","Gives news of Uncle Richard and Uncle Fred; says Uncle Fred and Frank will close their business and leave Henry; tells of a conversation with Bishop Otey of Memphis on the subject of establishing a girls school there; gives details of the proposal in case his father is interested; gives news of the private school situation in Arkansas; reports on his business dealings in Arkansas; discusses financial matters.","Gives news of Uncle Fred who has been ill; says that the women of the town are all inspecting the new spring goods brought in from Saint Louis; discusses his daily schedule; says Charlie Charles L. Powell, Jr. is in singing school; asks about Nina's walks and lectures on the benefits of exercise to health and appearance.","Describes spring in Illinois; inquires about relatives in Alexandria; comments on Uncle Nelson's helpless state; discusses the chances of recovering Uncle Nelson's lands in Arkansas; describes the area of Henry where the family used to live; comments that she now weights 108 lbs., which is more than her daughters weigh; sends his love to Grand Ma Powell, Aunt Ann, and Uncle Neb.","A baby girl was born who is Nina's cousin Uncle Richard's daughter?; describes a fishing trip; mentions finding several Indian graves with skeletons and other items; tells story of a \"mad\" dog who bit many people.","Gives news of Illinois relatives; describes a trip that he and Uncle Richard took through Stark County, emphasizing the changes that have taken place in the last five years; comments on Charley's Charles L. Powell, Jr. development into a young man; reports that Uncle Richard will leave the land business on September 1st; discusses his involvement in the business and his desire to visit Virginia.","Scope and Contents Expresses his relief that his brother Charles arrived safely in Va.; comments on how scattered the family is at present; mentions Cousin Fanny Cochran's wedding in Middleburg, Virginia; discusses Mr. Hyde's trip in the \"aerial vessel\" Atlantic from St. Louis to New York, as reported in the \"Republican\"; reports that Frank has another son, Horatio Nelson; news of other Illinois relatives; describes the July 4 festivities.","Discusses an unprofitable year for his business; discusses a business proposition made to his brother Charles and Harry and Benton Janney by Uncle Richard, concerning the opening of the store; gives news of Illinois relatives; comments that his Uncle Richard, who just turned 43, may begin to use his middle name again and become Richard H. Lloyd; comments on how, in the past twenty years, the Powell family has spread from \"New York to Salt Lake City, and from the 'Lakes' to the Gulf of Mexico.\"","Reports that Uncle Richard, Minna will stop at Fulton County to visit relatives; gives his opinion about Minna not returning to Winchester Va. for school, stating that she has become too undisciplined and used to complete freedom in Illinois to be effectively taught in a school; describes Frank's son Horatio Nelson; comments on the family's health, saying that his father Charles L. Powell weights twenty pounds more than he does and his mother Selina L. Powell weighs only six pounds less, and also weighs more than any of her three brothers in Illinois; asks her if she is finished school and will make her debut.","Reports that Charley (Charles) L. Powell, Jr., Harry and Benton Janney have begun their business named \"H and TB Janney and Co.\" Asks about the boarding school and discusses the difficulties of running one; reports that Frank's family and Mrs. Hammond? are on their way to Memphis to live; reports that Uncle Fred is planning an extended visit to Virginia, and then will probably move to Memphis; says he and Uncle Richard dissolved their partnership and that Uncle Richard plans to move to Memphis as well; reports that crops are poor, so his business will be slow; plans to see them for Christmas.","Reports that there is a County Fair next week; describes in detail an incident of a burning well; expresses sorrow that the family school will be so small this year; reports that the 'W. S. Fair' in Chicago is now over.","Scope and Contents Discussing fall and winter goods being stocked at \"Lloyd's Big Brick\" in Henry, Illinois","family news; mentions marriage of Miss Hutchins, and deaths of 2 children of Mrs. Clara Ferguson; received invitation to wedding of \"Miss Mittie;\" gives his opinion of marriage.","A French teacher at the boarding school died; mentions excitement due to 'John' Browne's execution and that there are 26 companies of soldiers at Charlestown, West Virginia; mentions growing discontent of slaves; describes how men have loaded pistols ready in their homes; tells how many people are being imprisoned; tells of other strains between North and South; some family news; mentions Robert Young Conrad.","Reports that Uncle Richard's baby has been christened Elizabeth Jenkins Lloyd; comments that this is the day that John Brown is to be executed; comments on the number of arrests in Virginia of strangers traveling through the state. Including newspaper clipping, n.d., of a poem about infants.","Discusses Professors Wise and LaMountain's attempt to establish daily balloon transportation from the \"Western\" states to the East Coast; family news; says he is anxious for the family in Illinois to move south; mentions the execution of \"Cook and his Confederates\" involved in John Brown's attempted insurrection on December 16.","Invitation to a \"Leap Year\" party.","Scope and Contents Mentions and encloses invitation to a \"Leap Year\" party; describes events at the party; describes weather and reports of a sleighing party; reports marriage of Mary Ann Hoyt, friend of the family. Including note from Maggie J. Richmond, Henry, Illinois, to Charles L. Powell, Jr., Henry, Illinois, 1860 February, inviting him to a \"Leap Year\" party.","Talks about Uncle Richard's? baby girl; gives report of Charles L. Powell and some family news.","Discusses \"spring fever\" concerning work; describes weather; speaks of Uncle Nelson's Lloyd death and how it should be a happy time; thanks his father for \"Alexandria Gazettes\" containing articles about the Whig convention; family news.","Writes about her feelings during the time following her brother Nelson's death; recounts the last days she spent with Nelson Lloyd.","Talks about assessed value of some land or property and makes reference to Lloyd Brothers and Co.; speaks of crops and the effects of the weather; mentions how road being finished would provide trade with those on the other side of the river; township will vote on how to acquire additional funds to complete the road; mentions the whig convention and how they now represent such a small minority of people.","Talks of spring dresses and bonnets; mentions hearing address by William McDonald; discusses opening of a shoe and book manufactory; speaks of beating \"the 'Yankees' with their own men;\" family news; religious advice; mentions use of telegraph.","Discusses agriculture and effects of weather on crops; talks of visiting New England and of dislike of their attitudes; expresses extreme negative opinion of 'Yankees.'","Family news; mentions work at the store; discusses events around town. Including poem? written in Latin on both sides of envelope. Locks of hair also enclosed.","Discusses crops and agriculture; describes Illinois scenery; family news; inquires about trip to Capron Springs; mentions \"Uncle Richard's\" card selling tour.","Discusses Congressional race; mentions Cassius M. Clay of Kentucky and his visit to Illinois; talks about rise in crime; family news.","Discusses confusion about having joined the church; religious discussion; some family and neighborhood news.","Inquires about trip to New England; mentions \"Alexandria Sentinel;\" family news.","Discusses climate and busy season of Christmas; debates issue of Civil War and effects; gives religious advice; family news; Robert Young Conrad.","Discusses problems due to political and financial situation of the country; talks about boils on his hand; family news; mentions kindness of Mayor Turner.","Nina's eighteenth birthday; discusses the weather; talks about sleighing and skating; mentions \"Pickwick Papers\" and describes hunting interest; makes reference to several literary works.","Talks of trade being slow; election of a Mr. McFadden as \"Justice of the Peace\"; mentions sleighing and the weather; describes hayride in snow and people he went with.","Discusses his indebtedness to his father and his financial situation.","Discusses political situation and \"imminent danger of Civil War\"; comments on government involvement and troops in a war; mentions social life.","Scope and Contents Discusses the imminent war and that it will be the third one in her lifetime; talks about effects of a war from past experience; family news. 3 pages. letter signed. Including note signed from \"grandmother\" Catharine Powell, Bellevue, Va.?, to Rebecca Powell, Winchester, Virginia, 1861 January 20, inquiring about being able to paint for her.","Describes his dog and its habits and actions; talks about a fight at a warehouse; family news.","Discusses pros, cons, and possibilities of a war; talks about being able to cross North/South Line if he comes to Virginia; describes weather; mentions indoor winter activities; refers to marriage and courting habits; family news.","Briefly discusses the Navy; describes wedding of Nellie Hall and a Mr. Kellogg; family news.","Information concerning troop movements around Harper's Ferry; mentions a Col. Bowen, superintendent Barbour, and a Col. Moore.","Discusses explosion of armory at Harper's Ferry; speaks of united Southern forces; mentions involvement of friends including Powell Grady; Powell and Holmes Conrad; family news.","Suffering from inflammation of eyes; discusses possibility of Illinois and Virginia residents being separated during the war; Virginia's succession from the Union; Democrats opposition to the war with the South; talks about surrender of Fort Sumter; confusion about whether to leave or stay in Henry; some family news.","Discusses Colonel Robert Lee and movement of troops; mentions Georgetown Heights, Alexandria Heights, and the Valley counties; some family news; mentions Rockingham Rifles.","Blockade established at the mouth of the Ohio; Southern trade suspended; some family news; inquires about situation in Virginia concerning the war.","Discusses a proclamation of Lincoln; politics and effects of the Civil War; dominance of Lincoln's party in Louisville, Kentucky; some family news.","Orders to stop mail from Virginia.; Alexandria occupied by North; Fairfax cavalry taken prisoner; family news.","War's effects on postal service; family news.","Thanks her for package of food and lists contents; speaks of newspaper Richmond Dispatch as a rare luxury; describes camp life; enemy is at Williamsport, Md.","Discusses camp life and its required adjustment; mentions accidental shooting of two men as their only pessimistic experience so far; gives account of battles reported in the Baltimore Sun Baltimore Sun; majority of men in army are under 21; describes how soldiers try to get food from surrounding farmers and their families.","Scope and Contents Discusses uniforms, saying that they are everywhere, and that a \"John Brown\" has increased the \"military spirit\" in Virginia; asks about Lloyd; discusses books he has read and that she recommends; describes their daily schedule and when she has time to read; discusses food in season; news of family and friends.","Prepares for battle; states that he is ready to do his duty for his country; mentions that the Continentals lost two men in the engagement the day before.","Regrets that he cannot keep their date for the afternoon due to Army business.","Scope and Contents Mentions her husband's attack of dysentery; family news; gives news of friends and family; hopes war will soon be over so that the family can all be together; expresses religious feelings; wishes that they could write more freely; tells him to send his letters to E. J. Lee in Maryland who will forward them South to them. Including note, from Selina (Lloyd) Powell, Winchester, Virginia, to \"Charlie,\" Charles L. Powell, Jr., , relating more family news.","Asks for specific items of clothing to be sent because he does not know when he can return home; refers to Haresack? and asks that she make him a smaller one.","Includes description of L. Powell.","Description of how Lloyd Powell was shot in battle of Manassas; details of his personal characteristics and attitudes.","Scope and Contents Expresses sympathy in regard to Lloyd Powell's death; offers comforting words from the Bible. Including letter, from Sue P. Lee, Lexington, Va. to Nina Powell, Winchester, Virginia, 1861 July 29, offering condolences on the death of her brother, Lloyd Powell.","Thanks Nina for her letter of sympathy concerning the death of her mother; gives news of her brothers and sisters; says that she has terminated her relations with cousin R.? because she could not marry a first cousin; discusses their friendship.","Complains of poor postal service; tells him of Lloyd Powell's death; remembers about Lloyd's characteristics and qualities; says that typhoid fever is spreading in the town; talks about her servants; family news; reports of Willie Lee Chilton's death, a second cousin; expresses religious view.","Love letter to her; proposes marriage to her and her guardian and asks for a reply.","Signed also by J. R. Bowen, Justice of the Peace, stating that Charles L. Powell, Jr. has taken necessary oaths to become Deputy Marshal. . Including on verso, document, from Brigadier General James H. Carson, 1861 October 24, Charles L. Powell, Jr. permission to cross back and forth over enemy lines.","Thanks her for package she sent him; describes his situation and effects of the Civil War.","Thanks her for cap she sent him; his company is located at the \"Big Spring\" near Mr. Gray's.","States that 'Yankees' were in Shepherdstown, WVa. a few nights ago; family news; sends condolences on loss of her brother Lloyd Powell.","Sympathizes upon loss of Nina's brother, Lloyd Powell; relates her story of when her father died; expresses indebtedness to Nina's mother Selina (Lloyd) Powell; mentions sickness prevalent in Winchester, Va.; discusses her brother's Bob Lucas experiences as a soldier; Charles L. Powell, Sr., has accepted position in Richmond; news of spending summer at Col. LaRue's in Clarke to escape the Yankees.","Thanks her for a cap she made and sent to him; expecting to go to camp soon; some family news.","Tells of explosion that a Mr. Hubard caused trying to perfect something like \"Greek fire\" to sell to the government, similar to a powder to use in shells; describes condition of Mr. Hubard, his subsequent operations and death.","Scope and Contents Wanted to give her news from Winchester, Virginia, but \"the spy\" had to burn his information for fear it would fall into enemy hands; tells stories of houses being searched by soldiers; news of friends and relatives; decorated with \"Confederate States of America\" seal.","Trying to catch up with Stonewall Jackson's troops; describes camp life and strategy concerning the Yankees.","Possibility of 'Yankees' taking Richmond; discusses importance of trust in God during battles; inquires about Robert Lee.","General information on troop movements; mentions Battle of Williamsburg.","Describes being a member of Jackson's Army; mentions \"Rockbridge Artillery\" being full; family news. Decorated with \"Liberty and Union\" seal.","Stonewall Jackson captured two entire enemy regiments; enemy took part of Central Railroad; troop movements.","Family news; disappointment about not being able to be with Stonewall Jackson in his last fight.","Discusses the family's living arrangements; thanks her for finding a home for her to stay in, but feels it would be less imposing if she stayed where Nina is teaching in Prince Edward County; hopes that they can all live together soon; rejoices over Jackson's victory in retaking the \"old town\"; says that the Garlands have been very kind during her stay with them; discusses her traveling plans.","Death of friends, Willie Gray and Marshall Barton; death of various others in war including Turner Asby; talks of having made herself a sun-bonnet; news of family and friends.","Speaks of getting a job as a clerk in Major Vaun's office; information about Stonewall Jackson's victories; reports Colonel Ashby's death.","Reviews routine activities; much family and friend news; discusses Stonewall Jackson's troops.","Scope and Contents Everyone feeling ill and weighing less; family news; possible fighting in Richmond, Virginia; Stonewall Jackson is at Hanover Junction, Va.; problem with fleas.","He cannot get into the Rockbridge Artillery; she is staying with a Col. and Mrs. Tucker; battle of Richmond has begun; family news.","Scope and Contents Got position as a clerk in the Quarter Master's Office under Capt. Irwin, first cousin of Selina (Lloyd) Powell; Stonewall Jackson's army passed through Gordonsville about a week ago; talks of deserters from both sides wandering in mountains west of Winchester, Va.; South won battle in Richmond, Virginia","Scope and Contents Got position as a clerk in the Quarter Master's Office under Capt. Irwin, first cousin of Selina (Lloyd) Powell; Stonewall Jackson's army passed through Gordonsville about a week ago; talks of deserters from both sides wandering in mountains west of Winchester, Va.; South won battle in Richmond, Virginia","Scope and Contents Fighting around Richmond, Virginia; Stonewall Jackson's Army arrived to help; describes strategies and events of war.","Details about progress of the war; family news.","Scope and Contents Personal experience in Army. Including newspaper clipping of a poem by John. R. Thompson, entitled \"Ashby\" from a Richmond, Virginia newspaper dated 1862 June 13 , about the war.Verso is Rebecca Powell to Selina (Lloyd) Powell.","Scope and Contents Makes reference to Stonewall Jackson's army and his efforts in Richmond, Virginia; relates events of war and involvement of friends and relatives; family news.","Discusses people she knows who have been wounded or killed in the war; refers to battles at Richmond and Chickahominy, Va.; family news.","Expresses disappointment that her parents didn't get to visit her; complains of \"M's\" temper; gives list of supplies that she has purchased or ordered.","Preparing to go to Gordonsville to join Braxton's Battery; family news.","Has joined Braxton's artillery; give details of battles and accounts of those wounded and killed.","Describes battle between his battery and the 'Yankees;' describes Captain Braxton.","He has jaundice; personal account of stay in Richmond; discusses salary; accounts of the war.","Charles L. Powell, Jr. was killed; added to letter later her husband is still yellow with jaundice; saw the President Davis and his wife; family news.","Explains events of Charles L. Powell, Jr.'s death near Warrenton Springs, Va.; includes sketch of battlegrounds.","Town gossip; tells story of a Dr. Conrad's arrest and ordeal; family news.","Talks of our troops making it into Maryland; family news; prevalence of typhoid fever; discusses Southern attitudes about the Civil War, and Northerners.","Religious account and explanation of Charles L. Powell, Jr.'s death.","Informs her of \"Charley's Charles L. Powell, Jr. death; encloses a copy of Capt. Carter M. Braxton's report of the events leading to Charles L. Powell's death.","Offers sympathy for the loss of his son, Charles L. Powell, Jr.; describes the death of their sister Ellen Powell Gray; reports on the welfare of Ellen's family - Mr. William Gray, Kate and Arthur; news of family. Including letter from \"Mother\" Selina L. Powell, to Hattie Powell. Discusses the state of their belongings in their former house in Winchester and what will be sold through cousin Sarah Powell Conrad; says if they do not intend to return, then it should all be sold.","Thanks her for her sympathy upon death of Rebecca's brother, Charles L. Powell, Jr.; expresses religious views; family news.","Responds to news of Charles L. Powell, Jr.'s death; family news; reports on her own health.","Includes description of Charles L. Powell and the battle. (Newspaper clipping.)","Scope and Contents Lots of family and town news; mentions that army is located near her in Winchester, Virginia","Gives her daily routine schedule; involved in knitting for the soldiers; doesn't seem to think 'Yankees' will approach Richmond, Va.; remembers her son \"Charley\" Charles L. Powell, Jr. often.","Discusses their friendship and situation of the Civil War.","Expresses sympathy for the death of her brother, Charles L. Powell, Jr.; describes in detail the death of her mother, Ellen Powell Gray and reveals her feelings concerning it; gives news of their Powell relatives.","Discusses daily routine; problem with typhoid fever; family news.","Family news.","Comments on incidents of typhoid fever; family news; discusses her minister and baptism of a baby.","Describes circumstances of her daughter Annie's sickness and death; offers sympathy for death of Charles L. Powell, Jr.; family news; including recital of Fenella's funeral rites; \"Earth to Earth, Dust to Dust...\".","Discusses business matters in Winchester that she is taking care of for Charles L. Powell; discusses the ear and the situation in Winchester; sends him some books, stating that the 'Yankees' carried off the rest of them; reports of a proposed armistice.","Describes sickness causing a delirious state for a few days; family news; knitting as a popular pastime; discusses weather; 'Yankees' still have Gloucester Point as a fort; soldiers suffering from \"rot\" that kills them.","Scope and Contents Discusses John Milton's works; family news; Longstreet's Corps has occupied many points near Culpeper Court House. 2 pages. letter signed. Including note signed from Nina Powell, Kenmuir, Louisa County, Va. to \"sister\" either Hattie or Rebecca Powell, , 1862 November 5, reporting family news. Also including note from Selina Powell,Kenmuir, Louisa County, Va.. Expresses grief over Annie Lee's death; asks about Robert E. Lee; prevalence of typhoid fever; describes weather and landscape; 'Yankees' did not disturb Charles L. Powell, Jr.'s grave; family news.","Sends this letter with a letter from Hunter, her brother; comments that Hattie has now been gone from Winchester eight months; says life is fine when Confederate soldiers are in Winchester, but that it is miserable when the 'Yankees' come; says General Jackson has visited them and has his headquarters on the road to Front Royal; says he gave her his photograph and he will send a copy; writes that they are working very hard because the few servants in town are cooking for the soldiers; lists people who will leave town if the 'Yankees' return; says Cousin Betty looks unwell because she works so hard in the hospitals ; writes that they only have 500 sick beds in the hospitals; mentions the destruction by 'Yankees' in other counties; fears they will soon suffer.","Sends thanks for present he received because it will be useful during the winter; expresses desire for peace in the country.","Family news; expresses concern that the Southern army is suffering from a lack of clothes.","Expresses her feelings of loneliness, as she lives among strangers; expresses other worries of disease and of the war; discusses problems with diphtheria in the neighborhood; comments on the shortage of men in the neighborhood, in particular healthy, attractive ones; discusses the hardships of Uncle Prosser and Aunt ReBecca whose former servants burnt much of their property; news of friends and family.","Discusses the condition of Charles L. Powell's estate and what business has been transacted; lists what articles from their home have been sold, commenting that most people in Winchester are not buying things because they are leaving to journey \"up the Valley\"; reports that 4000 men are guarding Winchester, that some tobacco has been burned, and that preparation for evacuation is underway; describes 'Yankee' attacks in Charlestown; comments on the effect of the fear of attack on everyone in the town; gives news of friends.","Scope and Contents Comments on problems with influenza; refers to a Capt. Duff and his defense of Leesburg, Virginia; gives news of town since troops have arrived; family news.","Makes references to the Clarke Cavalry and a Capt. Carter; possessions have been pillaged and towns have been ruined; has to quit farming because of war.","Wishes Nina a Happy Birthday; refers to God and asks to enter his Kingdom; mentions a friend who died from diphtheria; discusses Stonewall Jackson's opposition to the enemy at Port Royal, Va.; family news.","Discusses everyone's fear of diphtheria; family news.","Makes references to Gen. Robert E. Lee's victories; lots of family news.","Expresses the difficulty of losing so many brave men in the war.","Reminisces about their last Christmas together; discusses the slaves and their ability to be dangerous.","Scope and Contents Expresses desire for peace and to return to Winchester, Virginia; much town and family news; sorry they can't spend Christmas together.","She has been ill with a cough and cold; family news.","Inquires about a John Tabb; tells activities of Kate Gordon who is staying with them; mentions a bombazine fine twilled silk fabric; people looking for teaching positions; family news.","Lots of town and family news.","Problems with smallpox; family news; mentions Judge Lee's ? suicide. .","Her husband, Charles L. Powell, Sr., is still looking for a teaching job; recommends reading as a worthwhile hobby.","Describes how her family spent Christmas; thanks her for the cap she made for her brother Rob; discusses the sadness of Hattie's Christmas; discusses friendship; reports that she heard from Mary ? who is living behind Union lines in King George.","Mentions a Col. Tucker?; talks about her personal health; refers to the \"conscript act\"; gives impressions of deaths resulting from the Civil War and ideas of a forthcoming peace; family news.","Family news; refers to robbery of all servants; tells stories of confrontations with the enemy and experiences while at war; discusses food he has to eat; mentions has heard news of Grandma's death; mentions William Edmonson Jones.","family news; discusses her pay for tutoring.","Mentions their father's new employment in Greenville; news of family and friends.","Scope and Contents Family news; describes some of daily activities.Including N. C. E.?, to Nina Powell, , post 1863 March 13 giving neighborhood news.","Scope and Contents Comments on Cavalry's victory in Culpeper, Va.; describes poverty situation in Winchester, Virginia, as result of Civil War; discusses situations in Romney, West Virginia; family news.","Gives information on job prospects; family news.","Found a teaching job in Powhatan; describes location and plans to build a house.","Comments on his activities in the Army; refers to \"the Picketts;\" tells of damage and destruction in Winchester, Va., as a result of 'Yankee' invasion.","Comments on experiences in Army; expresses sadness that young men can't receive education during the war; family news; states that Tip? Powell and Frank Grady were captured in Loudoun, Va.","Discusses clothes; family news; says they will visit Shirley Plantation soon; says Mary? must remain within the Union lines because the only way to leave is to walk eighteen miles at night, carrying baggage; mentions Robert E. Lee, George Washington, and Custis Lee.","Mentions interest in soldiers, especially the South Carolina gentlemen; talks about sources of entertainment; family news.","Describes his house and surroundings; family news.","Mentions \"taking bitters (a tea) made of sarsaparilla root\" for strength and to purify her blood; expresses hopes for war to soon be over; 'Yankees' now have Fauquier under their control; family news; refers to receiving news through the Enquirer.","Scope and Contents Discusses when the family members will see each other; gives news of Powell relatives at Locust Hill; says that goods cannot be sent to them from Locust Hill Leesburg, Virginia because of a blockade; inquires about the fighting in Fredericksburg.","Talks about General Stuart's decision to review his Division; refers to great loss at Battle of Chancellorsville in the death of General \"Stonewall\" Jackson; describes events of war near Rowlesburg, WVa.; comments on his troops various attacks on different Railroads; gives details about other battles.","Family news; comments on how quickly her chickens are dying.","Discusses fighting in the Civil War and loss of servants; family news and sick and wounded from Battle of Gettysburg.","Comments on war, pestilence and famine; discusses the Civil War.","States that Nina Powell has been recommended to him to take care of his children as well as tutoring them; requests response to his offer.","Discusses pillaging by the Union troops; comments on men who have given their lives for the southern cause; family news.","Comments on scarcity of various staples; offers her $300 to come and teach his children.","Scope and Contents Discusses \"keeping house\" and how much it costs to do so; family news; comments on the Battle of Manassas.Including note from ?, , to Hatty sic Powell, , undated, discussing delivery of enclosed note to Custis Lee.","Attempts to appease Nina's apprehensions about coming to Hanover County if the enemy is there; wants her to begin working the first of October.","Offer to substitute himself for William Henry Fitzhugh Lee as a Northern prisoner of War.","Family news; questions Nina about her \"beaux\" and his courting ways; discusses education.","Refers to burning her previous letter in case of a fight whence it could become public; relates news of troops; family news; discusses fight from the Rappahannock to the Rapidan Rivers.","Scope and Contents Family news.","Lots of family news; states that a man named Taylor Johns has fallen in love with Nina Powell; discusses situation at the Stringfellow's, where Nina now lives.","Discusses in detail his new teaching position; family information.","Gives cotton prices as $3.75 a yard; discusses Battle at Manassas; family news.","Comments on her husband's new position in Albemarle; family news; mentions some events in reference to the Civil War.","Says she saw her father Charles L. Powell, Sr. on his way to move into Cousin R's?; describes her trip to Charlottesville; expresses satisfaction that her mother is able to stay with Uncle Fred and Lute; reports she has eleven scholars.","Family news; discusses her job as a teacher; discusses \"preserving with molasses\"; expresses anger and confusion about Nina's beaux David ?","Discusses his teaching position.","Family news.","Gives opinion on attitudes of young people; family news; expresses interest in religion.","Discusses plans for Christmas, including costs involved and where they can stay; discusses death of Cousin? Temple Grady and its effect on other relatives; discusses teaching and their role in the war effort.","Refers to a battle at Chattanooga, Tennessee; and General Longstreet; discusses cotton and its discount price of $18 a bale; comments on young gentlemen who have come to visit her; other town and family news.","Thanks Hattie for her kind gift of a Bible; gives details of present experience as a soldier in the Civil War; expresses sadness for those who died in the battle.","Mentions a Carrie Hobson's death resulting from a \"perforation of the bowels\" (typhoid fever); family and town news; mentions Temple Grady's brother of C. Powell Grady? death; refers to having some corsets made.","Family news.","Family news; expresses concern about \"national affairs;\" discusses religious point of view.","Family news; discusses General Bragg and his great ability as a leader.","Family news; states that he met Mr. Seddon, Secretary of War and they discussed Judah Benjamin; gives some views of what is happening with the Civil War.","Mentions General Longstreet's retreat from Knoxville, Tenn.; comments on giving Nina some linen for \"sleeves or sleeve bands;\" family news; discusses harvesting of crops; comments on threats that \"Yanks\" are making.","Discusses insufficiency of cotton crops; mentions that her son is on a war vessel, in the ocean, \"larger than the Florida and the Alabama.\"","Family news.","Refers to travel by carriage; discusses mailing \"bleached cotton;\" family news.","Mentions story where 'Yankees' come into towns and arrest Southerners; refers to daguerreotypes; writes a poem/prayer to God about grief he and others have experienced.","Wishes Nina a Merry Christmas since she (Nina) will be together with her parents; family news.","Discusses the inclement weather; states that she had butter and tea for celebration on Christmas morning; gives price of calico as $ 6 per yard.","Comments on her friends spending New Year's Eve at the President's; mentions walking to the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, Virginia; family news; refers to cotton vs. bleached cotton; discusses typhoid fever; comments on subject of religion.","Family news; expresses hopes for an end to the Civil War; mentions a book, \"Home Influency\" that deals with raising children.","Mentions losing her heart to a Lieutenant Blackford; family news.","Mentions having forgotten Nina's birthday and becoming more absent minded; states that demonstrating affection in public is not good practice; gives advice and opinion on men and courting; has put \"vie dollars in gold and $25 in Virginia. Bank notes\"; and discusses school teaching; family news.","Has been suffering from sickness similar to typhoid fever; mentions that many servants have the measles; states that the key to her watch is worn out and she cannot wind it.","Offers advice about teaching; has seen John C. Pemberton; family news.","Discusses her illness typhoid fever?; describes her Christmas diversions.","Comments on how he misses having the women in his family at home; family news; discuses some aspects of the Civil War; mentions Robert Young Conrad.","Family news; expresses hope that the Civil War will soon end; expresses grief of her Mother's death.","Expresses concern about Hattie Powell's sickness; family news and town gossip; mentions some of the types of food they've been eating; talks about \"yanks\" and their disruptiveness; mentions Robert Young Conrad.","Gives Nina advice on how to terminate her engagement with John Dupuy; writes of the death of Hunter McGuire's sister, May; says she now has twelve scholars; news of family and friends; discusses books and mentions Robert Young Conrad.","Says she has been busy knitting gloves, sewing, teaching, nursing, and being sick; says she is nearly \"well and fat\" again; says that her hair has not started to come back yet, but that when it does, she has been told to shave it; asks who Nina's friend Lizzie is; describes people she has met; reports where troops are; discusses ways she is trying to get cotton.","Advises Minnie not to be grieved about their mother's death; some family news.","Article in which Jefferson Davis praises the Confederate soldiers for their \"devotion and self-sacrifice,\" and assures them of their capabilities against the declining enemy; also includes a commentary about Davis' speech, stating that the present spirit of the South has never been paralleled in history.","Congratulates Nina on her engagement to John J. Dupuy; discusses their friendship; news of family and friends.","Family news.","Mentions a girl's death from diphtheria; refers to traveling by train; discusses blockade of the Potomac River; comments on greenbacks and their value; refers to the 'Yankee Congress;' general Civil War news.","Gives consent for him to marry Nina after listing the pros and cons of the situation.","Town news and family news; refers to knitting as a past time; states that her hair has not begun to \"come out yet\".","Discusses her new beau; much family and town news; refers to events of the Civil War and the Powhatan troops.","Says that her employer, Mrs. Stringfellow, has offered to allow her two weeks for Easter; asks permission to come home; gives detailed plans on how she could get there cheaply; says the \"troops\" will return before Easter; asks if her father is coming home for the holiday.","Discusses selection of a minister; comments on her knitting for the soldiers; town gossip and family news.","Discusses sale of a draft on New York for $625.","Thanks her for gloves she knitted and set to him.","Comments on her sister's problem with inflammatory rheumatism; much town and family news; tells stories of soldiers who have returned home; comments on lack of patriotism in the country; mentions readying.","Tells of a shopping trip she took to Charlottesville, and the people she saw; describes a visit to see their father at Cousin R. Nowland's; discusses the new tax law, the \"panic,\" and the new monetary issue; news of friends and family; mentions reading.","Makes reference to needing a straw-splitter; discusses financial situation; comments on Nina's engagement to \"Brother John\" Dupuy?","Mentions interruption of communications due to Yankee Raid; states that he sat near Gen. Robert E. Lee and Mr. Edmund Lee on a train car and talked with them; describes conversation; discusses the events of the Civil Warincluding Lee's near capture by Custis' divisionary raid through Albemarle County, during the Kilpatrick - Dahlgren Raid on Richmond; mentions Holmes Conrad.","Much town news; discusses 'Yankees' and their progression; comments on her attempts to hide her silver on her body in order to keep it from the Yankees.","Family news; expresses religious views.","Family news; discusses events of the Civil War; including raid by Custis on Albemarle; mentions Holmes Conrad.","Family news.","Discusses the weather; much town and family news.","Says her Easter plans have been cancelled because of the snow storm; mentions how close she (Nina) has been to the Union troops; says she feels much better and now weights 114 pounds; reports on fatal measles in the area; reports on how she has spent her time with Captain Morgan.","Sends her a letter from Kate?","Discusses buying and selling cotton; comments on college opportunities; family news.","Family news and town gossip; comments on gold lace on the coats of those who make rank of Captain.","Family news; refers to Nina's grandmother's Anne Harriotte (Lee) Lloyd death; discusses 'Yankees' and their progress; mentions Robert Young Conrad.","Comments on reading as a pastime and mentions ? Cooper's novels; family news; refers to 'Yankees' taking hostages; mentions Robert Young Conrad.","Describes her daily schedule; reports how their Aunt Jeanie Lloyd and Aunt ReBecca are doing in relation to the war; describes social visits; mentions an Aunt Nannie; news of family and friends.","Discusses weather and its effects on gardens and crops; comments on 'Yankees' and news about the Civil War; family news.","Family news; comments on news of the Civil War.","Gives detailed description of fighting near Beaver Dam, Va., as told to her by some of the soldiers; mentions visit by Gen. Stuart; describes other events of the war from personal point of view.","Family news; discusses struggle on the Rapidan River; tells of other Civil War news.","Scope and Contents Discusses general battle news; expresses concern about struggle in Hanover County, Virginia.","Discusses events of the war; comments on actions of Yankees.","Scope and Contents Comments on armies being at Hanover Junction and expresses her concern and fears; refers to burning of Powhatan depot by Union troops. Including note from Selina (Lloyd) Powell, Charlotte County, Va., to Nina Powell, Verdon, Hanover County, Virginia, 1864 May 24, correcting some spelling errors.","Expresses relief that the 'Yankees' did not come through the area where Nina is; says that her father wants her Nina to leave soon because of the danger; says things are so scarce in Charlotte that there would not be enough to feed her; expresses relief that Nina is not living between the two railroads; says the news they get about the war is encouraging, but she thinks the conflict will be a long one; discusses plans to get the family together.","Refers to battle of Vicksburg; tells of other developments of the Civil War.","Refers to a cousin, Mrs. Randolph Tucker whose house is at the corner of Grace and Adams street in Richmond; family news.","Asks about Nina's daily schedule and when she says prayers; expresses sorrow that Hattie's teaching position near Nina did not work out; tells her she must be self-reliant; says she is waiting to find out if she can join Mr. Powell; discusses the fashions of hats; sends her respects to Mr. Stringfellow.","Much town and family news.","Describes her social schedule; encourages her to pursue a relationship with Willie Booker; news of family.","Recounts all he has been doing for the past two years (has been in charge of a prison).","Asks Nina to change her mind and work for them another year; claims they are safe from the 'Yankees' and that the war will soon be over; praises her teaching of their three girls.","Discusses Union troops' burning of houses in Richmond; gives views on death; family news.","Comments on typhoid fever; family news.","Family news. Mentions not being able to find a nail-brush in the city and forgot India ribbon; comments on 'Yankees' treating people badly; refers to buying lip-glue at Randolph's Book Store; discusses her (Nina's), new house.","Describes Mr. Powell's teaching position with the Scott family; says he is trying to find a place near him for her to stay; says there was a Yankee raid near where he is staying; discusses where friends who are soldiers are stationed; mentions families who are looking for wounded soldiers to employ as teachers.","Much family and town news.","Comments on symptoms of the \"fever\"; expresses religious beliefs concerning deaths resulting from battles; family news and town news.","Family news; discusses teacher's pay.","Much family and town news; inquires about her new home in Richmond, Va..","Discusses one of Nina's pupils and how Nina should act towards the family that is employing her; mentions arrangements to exchange a pair of shoes; reports on friends and family; reports on \"her Willie,\" and where he is stationed; mentions soldiers for whom she has knitted gloves.","Discusses the suitability of Mr. Starke's teaching offer for her mother.","Chides Nina for not writing her; asks if she is spending all her time with Willie Dupuy, who has a wounded shoulder; reports on what she has done socially; asks her to get some cartridges for her pistol when she buys some for her own gun; says Minna Booker is to be married November fourth; discusses sewing.","Transcription of cross hatch letter by Alison Herring:","\nBlenheim  October 24th","Sunday morning [1864]","\nWell my lady-love do you know","that it has been almost three weeks","since the arrival of your last letter","to me, and two weeks since I answered","it, and not a line have I had from","you since, no nor a word from either","Pa or Sis since the 9th of the month.","you all must think I am dead, buried,","and forgotten, at least you quite forget","that I get the blues horribly shut up here","in the country when none of you write","to me. I got a letter from Ma on Friday","last the very first letter I had had from","anyone for 10 days, or from anybody","but her for 16.  I have no correspondents this","year at all except you all \u0026 you ought to","write to me often.  And pray miss what are","you so occupied with that you can't find","time to write, friend Markoe or your","poor dear wounded Willie.  I hear through","a letter from Aunt Bec to Ma that you","have spent the day with her, \u0026 thro' Mrs","Stewart that John Tabb was at church","with you and [?] Powell. I suppose","you have not been so quiet that you","[Page 2]","had nothing to write about and I","am just disposed to be charitable","towards you at all, so if you want to","get into my good graces you had better","set yourself right down \u0026 write me","two or three good long letters.  Mother","writes me that Willie Dupuy is at","home wounded in the shoulder \u0026","Capt Watkins in the hand but neither","of them dangerously, however.  I suppose","you have heard all about them, tis not","worth while for me to tell you, and","I reckon Willie will manage to see","Miss Nina before he returns to the army.","Have you ever heard anything from","Mr. Markoe since you went down","in the cars with him, Sis seemed to","think you are decidedly smitten.","Well I suppose as you are so long writing","to me you hardly care to hear what I","have been doing, so I have a great mind","not to tell you, and in fact I hardly","quite know where to begin it has been","so long but just for my own gratification","I will try.  Mr. Willis Hobson has three","South Carolinians at his house, sent from","the hospital, they have been there a long","time very sick \u0026 are just now getting","well enough to visit about. One of them","is a Col Dogan, without exception","\n[Page 3]","\nthe rudest, most boisterous, vulgar","man I ever saw, well yesterday week","I heard his voice down stairs \u0026","knew he had come to stay all day","so I dressed myself, slipped out the","back way and went over to old","Mrs. Hurt's to spend the day.  I had a","very pleasant day indeed, I found","her [?] an exceedingly intelligent","agreeable girl, I took to her very much","indeed \u0026 I think she did to me, but","she has just lost her father so the vis-","iting will have to be all on my side","for a while.  When I get back in the even-","ing here was Col D still \u0026 he staid until","Wednesday.  Sunday I went down to Eman-","ual and saw Fannie, she was as sweet \u0026 Cordi-","al as ever, she seemed so glad to see me \u0026 says","she is coming up for me soon some Fri-","day evening.  Monday night Mr. [Reich?] a","Marylander belonging to the 3rd Cavalry","staid here all night.  I found him a","very agreeable gentleman I forgot to","say that Sunday while we were at din-","ner Mrs. W. Hobson came over \u0026 brought","her Cousin young Bolling, son of Mr. Robert","Bolling of Fauquier, and brother of Hunter","[Page 4]","McGuires old friend of Philadelphia Dr. B","and Mr. Venning one of the S.C. especial-","ly to see me and I enjoyed their visit","very much indeed.  Mr. Bolling is only","18 but he is six feet tall very handsome","and very agreeable.  Mr. V sings very well","and is a quiet gentlemanly widower but","nothing remarkable.  Tuesday evening Mrs.","H sent a horse for me \u0026 I went over there \u0026","staid all night, and then saw the third","S.C. a Dr. Waring a married man, and","one of the most accomplished elegant","gentlemen I have ever met with. I","came home on horseback Wednesday morning","in time for school \u0026 when I came out of school","found Cousin John here.  He says if it is good","weather next Friday he is coming up to take","me down to his house to stay until Sun-","day where I will come home with the Dr.","from church.  Thursday all the gentlemen","from Mr. H's spent the day here, and Fri-","day Mr. B left this county, but he is a paroled","prisoner and if he is not exchanged soon","will come back.  Friday evening Mrs. H \u0026 my-","self walked over to Mrs. Goodmans one of ","our nearest neighbors \u0026 I paid my first","visit there, and her son who went down","in the cars the day you did with Bell","Stewart, walked home with me.  He is a plain","honest, good, solider, but not over burdened","[sideways on page 1]","with intellect.  He says he is coming over to see me this week","and going to bring his pistol for me to practice shooting with","but I doubt whether he does. By the way have you ever been able","to get cartridges for your pistol, if you have I wish you would","get some for me, \u0026 if you haven't get John Tabb to look for some","for you \u0026 me too, I have only two \u0026 I want some very much.","And now, I come to the very purpose for which my let-","ter is written which is to tell you that Dr. Hobson is going","to Richmond this week, probably on Tuesday, the same day","this letter will go, but I shall send this by mail, as there","will be a chance of your getting it sooner, \u0026 I shall send","you by him the handkerchief, collar, \u0026 [shirt sleeves?] for your","silk dress \u0026 a little of my perfume but it did not turn","out well, it will I think do to put in hair oil but that is all.","\n[sideways across page 2]","\nThe Dr. will stay at Mr. Stewart for about two days I reckon","so if you have gotten cartridges \u0026 have a chance I wish","you would send me some by him.  Have you made your","alpaca dress yet \u0026 how did you make it particularly","the sleeves. I have not picked mine yet nor considered","what to do with it, but Minna Booker is to be married the","4th of next month \u0026 I think I must make it by that","time. I had a present sent me the other day of 3 yds","of unbleached cotton to make a chemise.  I have done","nothing lately except patch a few old clothes \u0026 knit","on my [opra?] stockings for next summer in fact","I have nothing to do.  Well I believe I have exhaust-","ed myself of my subjects too so I will stop, but","mind I expect two letters in answer to this. I am","very anxious to know what Mother will do, and","rather hope she will go to Albemarle, tho' I should","like her to be near you, or I think we could go to","see her there.  Write soon to your own loving","Sister Hattie","\nMonday.  Dr. H's is so unwell today he thinks he will not","be able to go to Richmond this week and don't know when","he will go so I shall not be able to send your things yet. I","got an invitation yesterday to Minna's wedding next Thurs-","day week.  I am much inclined to go, if the Dr. Don't for-","bid which he seems to be inclined to do. Mrs. H is very anx-","\n[Sideways on page 3]","\nious that I should go.  If I go I shall want my new","dress \u0026 shall have to set to work immediately to make","it, so if you have a new dress pattern, send it to me by","mail at once, I can get a pattern of the yoke come-","ing [waist?], Mag Harris has it.  Yours truly,","H.L.P.","Complains about difficulties in the teaching profession; family news.","Describes her situation at the Garrett's, teaching Lizzie and others; emphasizes the importance of letter writing now that they are apart; discusses Mr. Irving's? failing health; says Lizzie has diphtheria; describes social events; discusses Nina's problems with teaching Blanche; reports on friends who have been wounded or killed in the war; asks bout Cousin Mary Lee and Cousin Emily.","Reports that her brother Rob has been wounded and may have to have his leg amputated; says her brother Jimmie is in Charleston where there is much yellow fever; says they work all day without rest; more family news.","Gives advice on how Nina should manage one of her pupils; reports on what she is doing; discusses clothes; mentions Minna's wedding.","Gives reasons why she hasn't written of late; describes her brother's episode of being shot in the hand and its effects; comments on number of men that are off at war and says that those who remain are \"quaking\"; family news; expresses hope that God will get them through \"these difficulties.\"","Describes her social activities; discusses balancing work and pleasure; news of family and friends.","Asks about her \"new home\" in Richmond and her \"new occupation\" with Mrs. Paleski; describes Minna's wedding; says the weather was so bad that no one could go home, so the reception lasted all night; reports what she has done socially; describes in detail a dress she just made.","Expresses joy that Nina and their mother can live close to each other; reports on her social activities; discusses plans for Christmas; mentions how well the Confederate Cavalry is doing; discusses friends that are soldiers, and which of them she has knitted gloves for.","Describes a preacher, Mr. McGill, who is visiting; describes social events; discusses clothes she is making; questions Junius Powell's decision to go to Bermuda instead of joining the army; mentions Harry Harrison Mrs. Huge's brother who came home after a prisoner at Fort Delaware. .","Discusses how her home was destroyed; details experiences with the Yankees; comments on incarceration of many Southerners in northern prisons and their suffering; family news.","Describes her trip to Charlottesville and the people she visited, including cousin Gert; mentions Sally's? death; says she must soon accept an offer for teaching from Mr. Frank Cabell; discusses depreciation of money; mentions a cousin Ann and a cousin Laura; reports that Tip Powell was taken prisoner.","Discusses the bad weather and muddy roads, says she has not heard from Custis Lee, for whom she made gloves; discusses clothes and Christmas plans; tells Nina to \"change her dress\" whenever she desires, since she will always mourn inside; says she and Rebecca will change theirs in the spring; discusses the problems Winchester is having with the Yankees; mentions Minna's wedding.","Discusses a prospective teaching job for her and his plan for her.","Family news; begs her to spend Christmas with them.","Expresses happiness that her mother and father will finally be able to live together again; comments on Nina Powell's loss of hair; refers to suffering Loudoun County, due to Yankees; family news; describes how a friend spends time trying to find hiding places for her possessions.","Describes a \"homespun\" dress that she has; family news; describes weather; tells her to go to a Christmas get-together where she can met many people, including Robert E. Lee, Custis Lee, and perhaps \"our beloved President\" Jefferson Davis; later mentions rumors that President Davis may be dead.","Mentions pastime crocheting a cap; comments on delay of mail; discusses ordering some supplies from her sister; refers to troop movement on \"the Danville road\"; family news.","Scope and Contents Describes social activities; urges Nina to spend Christmas in Richmond with Cousin Emily; discusses cotton and where to buy it. Including fragment of letter from \"cousin\" Laurence B. Taylor, to ?, , undated, stating that he hopes they will see much of each other in Albemarle County.","Discusses the difficulties of sending mail; inquires about their mother's health; news of friends and the war.","Thanks her for the gauntlets, testament, and book of psalms that she sent him.","Tells what she did during Christmas holidays; discusses her job as a teacher as well as who and what subjects she teaches; family and town news.","Comments on Robert E. Lee's thoughts that the South is in danger; discusses her knitting and whom she has made gloves for; states how she doesn't understand men; family news.","Discusses the possibility of Nina being engaged to Willie Dupuy; says she would like to know him better before she can consent; would like for her to make the final decision herself; says their engagement would last indefinitely because they are both poor and Willie was \"disabled\" from the war; asks her to consider these issues.","Scope and Contents Responds to her requesting permission to be engaged to Mr. William Dupuy?; gives feelings about entire situation; refers to evacuation of Richmond, Virginia.","Family news; asks her to send her stamps and black glazed cotton and to look for strawsplitters; describes episode of being thrown from horse.","Discusses how busy she is making gloves; mentions Nina's engagement/involvement with a \"brave, Christian soldier.\"","Discusses possibility of Nina moving to Norwood if Richmond is given up.","family news; discusses the bond between two who love each other.","Expresses happiness about Nina's now official engagement to Mr. William Dupuy; other family news.","Hattie Powell, Blenheim, Albemarle County, Va., to \"sister\" Rebecca Powell.","Gives advice on how to express feelings of love to her fiance, in her correspondence.","Gives her advice about her situation with Mr. Dupuy; tells her to make up her own mind and to be sure of his character and their love; advises that if she is certain that she wants to be engaged to him, then not to hold back her feelings and to show her trust; gives more advice.","Scope and Contents Family news; expresses her approval of William Dupuy as Nina's fiance. 4 pages. letter signed. Includes copy of letter, 1865 February 10 from William Dupuy to \"Sir\" Charles L. Powell, Sr., , discussing his and Nina's relationship and betrothal.","Gives advise on Nina's relationship with a young man Willie Dupuy; says that if they ever get married they would always be poor; discusses what he will want in a wife; discusses Nina's fear that her ways are not elegant enough for him because he was brought up in higher society; reveals her philosophy on how to act in society, how to view oneself, and how to act towards men to keep them interested.","Comments on attempts to regain some of their family possessions; discusses the break-up of Nina Powell's engagement; mentions Hattie Powell's arrival in Goochland, Va., family news.","Discusses Nina's problem with an employer, Mrs. Powell, and suggests other families she could work for; says she can spend $ 350 on material for summer clothing; discusses the plight of the South; reveals her feelings about Nina's engagement; describes a visit to Norwood where her parents are working for Mr. Cabell; reports that cousin Lizzie Powell, fourth daughter of Uncle Llew, is to be married; news of family and friends; mentions teaching.","Discusses materials for sewing dresses; expresses her anger at how Mrs. Powell (an employer) treated Nina; discusses her neighbors where she is teaching, saying none are suitable for Nina to live with and teach for; gives news of friends and family; says they have a soldier staying there; mentions teaching. Including newspaper clipping advertising for teachers.","Thanks her for presents she sent him; expresses hope of seeing her again soon.","Lots of family news; discusses Union troops.","Says Mr. Philip Cabell is stopping by \"Bremo\" on his way to Richmond, so she is taking this opportunity to send a letter; discusses opportunities for her to work with other families and how she should set this up; wishes she could come to see them but says it is impossible because the canal is \"broken up,\" the roads are bad, and the 'Yankees' destroyed the carriage; hopes that she is comfortable at General Cocke's; hopes that he doesn't mind her being there since he is a wealthy man. Letter is continued on a small slip of paper - advises on the different uses of \"shall\" and \"will\" in writing letters.","Expresses relief that she is safe after traveling through dangerous area; says that their parents had some trouble when traveling, and that they lost some clothes; discusses an offer to teach in Keysville, Charlotte County; reports battle action in the area; asks what she thinks about her giving her silver cup to \"the government;\" mentions the death of their aunt Ann's baby, Fannie.","Mentions sending carpet bags to her parents filled with necessary items she could spare; comments on 'Yankees' being on southside of the James River, Va. and dreading a raid.","Send the key to her bonnet box; mentions a cousin Kate Noland and an Aunt Bettie Conrad; news of family and friends.","Discusses surrender of Confederates in detail; expresses religious beliefs about result of the Civil War; describes battle in Richmond, Va..","Comments on prohibition from traveling North; mentions recognition by France and the French position; gives religious opinions; describes some of the remnants left by 'Yankees.'","Reports news of post-war events since Hattie receives no news in the country; expresses the sentiments and anxieties of those in an occupied city, discusses Robert E. Lee and his sons; reports rumors about Booth, Jefferson Davis, and the surrender of the army of Joseph E. Johnston to William T. Sherman; discusses the sacrifices of the last four years and where it has led.","Describes the people with whom she is staying; expresses joy that she feels comfortable in Richmond; says she hears rumors about whether Richmond will be given up or not; tells her to come to them if there is any danger; news about friends.","Describes a battle at Fort Jackson that she was able to witness from her cousin's house; says Hunter ? is the medical doctor of Ewell's Corps; mentions lack of provisions; says she had to work very hard last winter.","Refers to \"free negroes\" and the fall of Richmond; tells stories of robbers in various neighborhoods; discusses difficulty to have faith in God where there is so much suffering; also refers to bands of \"negro robbers\" and describes their actions.","Lots of family news; expresses sorrow and grief about living through these times.","Lots of family news; comments on problems with servants; refers to death of Lincoln and memorial service for him.","Reports that Mr. Cabell bought a horse from a Mississippi soldier; reports that a Yankee soldier came to the house asking for brandy; says that she and Fan ? are closing school for the summer; says she will soon come to Norwood to visit them.","Discusses health, says she has rheumatism; says they will stay in Richmond until July; tells their options of where to go; considers the cost of the Civil War; discusses the condition of President Davis, prisoner at Fort Monroe; says the \"Yankee officers\" are being kinder to Richmonders; says Pierrepont has just arrived in Richmond.","Reports she is staying with relatives but that it is so crowded, she will leave soon; says the house has been burned down, so they are living in log cabins; tells that she will soon go to Canada to visit her brother Horace; discusses where Nina could set up a school in that neighborhood.","Tells of her religious belief about the Civil War and how she prays daily; discusses subject of white vs. black labor; family news; comments on cruel treatment of \"our\" President Jefferson Davis; refers to a Dr. Hoge who denies trying to begin a colony in Brazil.","Expresses difficulty in accepting downfall of Confederacy; family news; discusses Nina's engagement to Willie Dupuy.","Family news.","Poem entitled \"The Bachelor's Consolation\" written by \"Goodman A. Bachelor.\"","Family news; comments on Nina's engagement; discusses situation with Black persons; comments on elections and how soldiers were put into many of the civil offices; plans for jousting tournament.","Discusses the family's moving to a new house and how they all can be reunited once again.","Discusses where they may move; says the 'Yankees' have possession of her home in Arlington; says the situation in Richmond is better since Pierrepont Pierpont arrived; gives news about family; mentions Robert E. Lee (1843-1914) and William Henry Fitzhugh Lee.","Discusses Nannie's ? wedding; says their father will need her Nina home for the opening of school; tells how she has been spending her time; discusses the school; reports that Mary ? is there; expresses fear for her Aunt Mary because of the threats of a Black uprisings in southern Virginia; asks if everything is going well between Nannie and Willie Booker.","Discusses the continuing uncertainties of where their family will live; says she will return to work at Mr. Cabell's because she cannot depend on family plans; describes her visit to Greenwood.","Discusses a horse riding jousting tournament and social event that followed; family news.","Reports travel plans; lists social events; news of friends; says she will begin at Mr. Cabell's in two weeks.","Says that she just realized that it is her 56th birthday; discusses some issues on etiquette; says that she is glad that she is pleased with her new house; has heard that the 'Yankees' are advancing on Charlottesville; says Gloucester is having problems with the Yankees, so she will not return there; expresses disappointment that Mr. Powell did not secure a certain job that would have allowed them all to live together; says that the Redds and the Bookers have been very kind to her and do not want her to leave; writes that the Dupuy's son Willie? has bullet wounds in both thighs and in the foot.","Family news.","Describes a boat trip she took with Sallie ? to Norwood; gives news of Mr. William Cabell; discusses literature; news of friends and family.","Says Hunter has a small (medical) practice; gives news about what her other brothers? are doing; says Willie is doing well despite the time he spent in prison; tells how he was marched by their home last winter by the 'Yankees' and taken to prison; tells how their house was used as a hospital, her family was put under arrest, and they were forced to live with the 'Yankees' for six months; expresses her hatred of the 'Yankees;' discusses how the last four years have changed her; tells how Gert ? was working in the hospitals and on the battle field, caught a disease and has been bedridden for the last thirteen months; says she was very weak last winter because of the hard work and anxiety; says she could no longer work in the hospitals because of how the sights of war affected her.","Scope and Contents Family news; comments on the meeting of Congress and its result on the restoration of southern property.","Writes about Presbyterian Conference she is attending; gives town and family news.","Scope and Contents Gives history of a family, telling which troop each son is in; comments on the scarcity of paper, which is why she is writing on the back of a letter written to her by her mother. Letter Including on back: Selina Powell, Charlotte Court House, Virginia, to \"daughter\" Hattie Powell. Asks her about her fever and if it is interfering with her teaching; says Mr. Powell visited her for a week; says she will stay in Charlotte all winter; mentions death of Carry Hobson.","Scope and Contents Sends her a pair of slippers which she made the best she could with the materials available; says she wanted to do something for her during \"these war times\"; says her father is not home yet; gives list of things Rebecca needs.","Discusses the importance of having nice handwriting; describes Kate's ? studies; grieves over how many have lost their homes and hopes that her daughter could have a couple of years off from teaching; says those who must have employment are happiest; writes of family and friends; discusses her Uncle G's ? method of teaching. Including attached insert saying that Mr. H. ? declined her father's services.","Describes the scene when the 'Yankees' came into the home of Dr. Robert Baldwin; says Dr. Baldwin was kicked out of town because he refused to pay a servant; describes how the town has changed since the Union troops have taken over; mentions a man named Milroy who seems to be their leader; gives news of family members many of whom have been sick; describes a puppy he has gotten; describes a battle in which many 'Yankees' were taken as prisoners; says Milroy has escaped and has gone to Washington; says all of her furniture is not sold and that they cannot try to sell it while the 'Yankees' are here; discusses Dr. Daniel Conrad's practice.","Asks what Jeanie ? will do all summer; says she has heard that all the carriage horses in Gloucester have been carried off; says she will go to Powhatan to join her husband who is working for Mr. Michaux; says the 'Yankees' are in Shepherdstown but that the Confederates have Winchester.","Speaks of the last four years, the excitement and the trials; discusses \"the college\" that Robert is involving with; discusses the difficulty of finding good help; describes their house, saying it is handsome to \"confederate eyes;\" expresses sadness that her home is still used by Union troops; discusses Alexandria.","Comments on the postal problems and hopes she has been receiving her letters; gives news of the Bookers; writes of her anxiety over how she Nina is and discusses her travel plans to Prince Edward; discusses where the 'Yankees' are stationed; writes of the family's plans for the summer.","Sends her cotton for stockings; comments on postal problems; discusses the safety of Richmond; discusses sewing and fashions; news of family and friends.","Discusses the dilemma of Southerns taking the \"oath\" with the Northerners so that they can protect their property.","Reports that Captain Watkins and Willie Dupuy have been wounded; says she does not know which battle they were in; news of friends; says she has heard from Mr. Powell recently; discusses dresses.","Says that she sent socks to Willie ? who is in the army; mentions the death of James Mcoughty?","Describes how to make Mrs. Sharpe's ? hat; describes Lute's hat; says she will get two or three hundred dollars in Northern money from an Uncle William.","34 items.","Discusses teaching; describes trip to Charlottesville and adventurous train ride; mentions Sandy Pendleton's ? wedding; discusses Trip's ? health.","Sends Rebecca a picture of Robert E. Lee, taken during the war (picture is dated 1866 January 20 ); writes of Lexington where they have just moved; gives news of family.","Describes her social activities; gives teaching position that Hattie is considering; reports that 'Yankees' are being strict in their town.","Discusses poor mail service; describes Alexandria as dull town with spirit of despondency, town may be forced into the District of Columbia; describes visit of Henry Hallowell ?; much family and town news.","Discusses crocheting, books they have read; family news and gossip.","Discusses family news; speaks of financial situation of buying a house in Baltimore; discusses problems of retrieving household items (portraits, furniture, etc.) and where to put them.","Discusses details of retrieving family possessions from the Office of Confiscation; includes list of objects missing.","Describes her trip and her stay with Cousin Lee; tells of relatives and other people she has seen; will continue traveling.","Discusses daily life and schedule; family news.","Describes her trip to Dr. Wights' and tells of the people she met there; discusses dresses; asks about the family.","Description of the political happenings in Washington, D.C.: the disputes between President Johnson and the \"Radicals,\" Mr. Johnson's veto message, the South's need to have representation in Congress; tells his view of these happenings; discusses attempts to retrieve articles from the confiscation office; family news.","Tells of difficulty she has dealing with current hardships, \"Yankee\" rule, and free Black persons; news about friends in the neighborhood.","Describes dinner at New Market and the people she saw there; describes conditions of roads, outlawing carriage rides; much news of family and friends.","Tells of people she has seen or heard from.","Discusses family news and news of friends; talks of sewing projects.","Gives an account of her \"Easter excursion,\" reporting what she did and whom she met; says Mrs. Atkins has no servants, so she will have to clean her own room.","Describes events of neighborhood; tells news of friends; tells of religious happenings, Mr. Wharey's ? reform in the church, and her religious sentiments; writes of her gloomy feelings about the South, her distrust of the Yankees, and her rebellious feels toward them; congratulates Nina on having her own \"home.\"","Tells of stay in Cumberland with her \"sister and brother\"; tells of problems in retrieving household items lost in war; Douglas' Forrest?her husband? law practice is improving.","Asks Nina to welcome her friend, Mr. Henry Theodore Wight, who brings the letter, and make his stay in Alexandria pleasant.","Tries to convince Nina to take a trip next summer; describes new bonnet styles; describes her friend Henry Theodore Wright who will be taking a trip to Alexandria; discusses clothes.","Gives her view on the family taking in boarders, saying children would be easier for their mother to handle; asks about the \"Council;\" reports on what she has done socially; discusses the dresses she has made; says that yesterday the people of Richmond decorated the Confederate soldiers' graves; says she wishes she had gone; says Mrs. Adkins did not go, but sent flowers to Richmond. Written on letter from J. Walker, Dover ?, to Hattie Powell, Rolling Views, undated. Sends her flowers and asks her to come to visit him.","Describes her visit to Richmond, people she visited, and how many commented on how well she looked compared to last winter; describes clothes she is making.","Asks her to send ribbon for a dress she will wear to a day-long affair at Norwood; news of friends.","Discusses their plans to go to Prince Edward County; discusses what clothes she has and what she may need; news of family and friends.","Explains why she cannot attend the gathering at Mr. Redd's that night; says she must listen to her head and not her heart so that she may get well; says she is tired of feeling ill and weak.","Invites Nina and Hattie Powell to come stay with them; says she feels better and is very excited to see them.","Expresses her joy that she arrived home safely, and her regret that her mother Selina Powell has taken ill; describes a jousting tournament among young boys or \"knights,\" in which the girls were honored as Queens and Maids of Honor; news about family and friends.","Gives her condolences for her uncle's death and her mother's illness; tells her of Nancy's Lettie's sister engagement and tells Nina not to leave her to marry a man; much news of family and friends.","Thanks Nina for her letter congratulating her and Willie Booker on their engagement; news about her fiance; tells her adventures of keeping the house while her mother was gone; news of family and friends.","Writes that her father is looking for board for her Selina and until then she will stay in Charlotte; recommends that Nina not write to a man unless she is engaged to him or unless he is an old family friend; news of family and friends.","Discusses how far they are apart but thinks it is best that she (her mother) stay at Uncle Fred's; says she will stay at school for Christmas; writes of family and friends; tells that her health is very good and that she weights 106 pounds; discusses her school duties and her sewing.","Describes the parties she has had at her home recently; speaks of the engagement between Willie Booker and Nancy her sister, and Lou Edmunds and Captain Hill; news of family and friends.","Tells how she and her friends have been together for three weeks now, staying at different homes; wishes Nina could be there; news of courting, engagements and weddings; tells Nina that she will not become an old maid; much news about family and friends; discusses reading societies and books read.","Tells of courtings, engagements and weddings; tells of Christmas plans; discusses the struggle in the Christian life to be pure.","Describes Christmas holidays; discusses the Christian struggle for purity; says she is having more headaches; discusses poor financial situation with no patrons paying for her teachings.","Describes the changes taking place: their Uncle Joe has died and she, Lavalette and her mother have moved to Falkland to take care of his children; she and Lavalette will teach the children; Lavalette is feeling worse; her brother and sister May will take care of Linden; news of engagements, weddings, family and friends.","Describes her new home and her new schedule; news about family and friends.","Tells about her fiance Willie Booker's work in Medical School; describes reactions to the Territorial Bill and to General Scofields; wonders if Lavalette will keep her promise to become an old maid; says the weather is so bad that they will not be able to go to Church for a month because of the roads; says she is trying to guess when weddings will be by who is making their wedding clothes.","Describes her teaching job with her sister Nancy; describes her students; tells how spirits have been low since the passage of the Territorial Bill, says their district is commanded by General Schofield; describes the \"demoralizing\" incident of one of the county men running off with a 'Negro' girl and marrying her; news of family and friends.","Sends this letter through a friend and asks Rebecca to mail a package to Washington, D.C. for her; may have some frames sent to her, which could then be sent to them by steamboat to Richmond and canal boat to Lexington; says Mildred is in Richmond; Rob and Fitzhugh may go to Jennie's? wedding.","Describes the commencement exercises that she and Lavalette attended at Hampden Sydney; describes the fashions she saw there; says the scrub worm is seriously damaging the tobacco crop; describes their summer bonnets bought in Richmond. 4 pages. letter signed.","Says that Nancy her sister has been ill; says that she, Nancy and their mother will take a trip North for their health; says she dreads to be among the 'Yankees;' tells that Lou Booker has typhoid fever and so her wedding must be postponed; discusses the advantages and disadvantages of being an old maid and whether they will be one.","Gives news of gentlemen who are courting her; says that John Smith has been visiting her every other night; tells Nina that it is becoming serious and that she better come home soon or she will be gone; gives advice on the gentlemen that Nina is seeing.","Describes their stay in Danville; tells that her engagement with Willie Booker has been terminated; discusses their plans of where to live next year; news of family and friends; discusses fair.","Thanks Hattie for her announcement of her \"change of condition\" marriage or engagement?; gives her best wishes for her health and happiness.","Discusses which furniture and portraits she would like to have sent to her.","Discusses details of sending furniture from Alexandria to Lexington and of having portraits framed and sent. Includes notes to Selina and Nina.","Discusses her transactions to acquire more furnishings for their home; news about family and friends.","Asks about her interactions with Mr. D?; says Nina's happiness is the only bright spot in their lives; says she hasn't been to church much; says she has seen a lot of Willie S.?; regrets that she can't say everything she would like to, because the letter must go through so many hands; writes of the broken Southern spirit; asks if there are any \"situations\" near them that she could take; says that she cannot write much because it works her \"into such a state\".","Tells of their new life at Linden, helping to take care of \"Sis\" May's children; comments on Nina's sister Hattie's marriage; discusses religion; describes a trip to Richmond; news about family and friends.","Recommends that she or Rebecca go with her to visit friends in Prince Edward County; tells her that since Mrs. Booker'shouse was used as headquarters for them during the war, they must make a pleasure visit to her since the war is over.","Thanks Nina for sending her the objects repossessed from the war; comments on their sentimental value; gives news about Baltimore's social events and her husband Douglas' work.","Tells what family has done since she left for her trip; says everyone is feeling remarkably well on account of the warm weather; tells her to enjoy her visit with Lizza and Aggie ?","Tells what each person in household is doing that evening: Mamma, Papa, Lute?, Lewis?, Fan?; says she visited Hattie who is feeling well \"under the circumstances;\" news about neighborhood.","Describes the health of each family member; says Mr. Powell had dyspepsia for which she gives him a raw onion; says Hattie is the same and cannot leave her room; gives news of friends; discusses a fire at Lee's ? house; hopes she is enjoying her visit with Lizzie and Aggie.","Gives news about family and neighborhood; says that Cousin Lee's house burned; writes that Bob Robert Powell is now a doctor; news about her school.","Discusses news of neighborhood and people who have come to visit her; tells Nina to enjoy her stay with Lizzie and Agnes ?; says she is still flat on her back but hopes to be better in a few weeks.","Regrets that he could not make the picnic that Nina planned; says that he had to pick up Josie ? that day, who traveled flat on her back; says that he saw \"Cousin Rebecca\" in town.","Tells how she had been preserving many foods last summer because of the possible food shortage during the coming winter; describes her stay with \"Sis\" May in Farmville; describes the situation of the churches and Sunday school in her area; news about family and friends; one of Nina's students, Emma Henry, is getting married.","Apologizes to Nina for not calling on her while she was in Baltimore; expresses her job in their friendship.","Writes of their sorrow at the death of Hugh Holmes McGuire (brother of cousin); whose wife just had a child; asks Rebecca to come visit, since the war is over; gives news about who owns the Powell's old home; tells what each of her relatives are doing; gives news about friends; discusses the death of her aunt who never recovered after the 'Yankees' burnt her house down; mentions how many soldiers cannot find employment. Hugh Holmes McGuire MW battle of High Bridge.","Discusses Maggie's wedding her niece; says she has been alone in the evenings since Nina left her; describes her friends who have called during the day.","Apologizes for not writing; describes her schedule to taking care of a family of ten people; gives news about her gentlemen friends.","Extends sympathies to Nina and her family in the death of her sister, Hattie Powell Smoot, who died in childbirth; offers comfort through religion.","Offers her sympathy for the death of her daughter Hattie; discusses Hattie's character; mentions how Hattie has been looking forward to the time of childbirth.","Gives her sympathy for the death of Selina's daughter Hattie; speaks of her husband Robert, saying she thinks he may never be entirely well again; gives news of family.","Tells of her mourning for her cousin Hattie; offers sympathies; gives news of family.","Offer her sympathies for Hattie's death; describes her stay in her Uncle Phil's home in the mountains; says she will return home to Alexandria in the Fall.","Describes the mountain inn and how they spend their time; says the mountain air is helping their mother's health.","Expresses her joy that Nina is engaged; discusses Nina's mother's health; says she is confined to bed and in much pain; says the treatment causes much suffering and that she is anxious to leave for home.","Says she is glad Nina gets a chance to enjoy herself, and visit with her cousin Lizzie, without worrying about daily duties; says her Aunt Lute is taking good care of her.","Gives a report on everyone's health; says she is feeling better; gives news of friends and family; hopes that she is enjoying her stay with \"cousin\" Lizzie.","Discusses grief and religion; teases Nina about her engagement to Sewell Hepburn; tells her to enjoy her stay and to get well soon; news about Alexandria.","News of friends and family; describes the trouble of giving a party for a couple to be married, and wonders why people have marriages in such poor times.","Pleads with her to visit them for Christmas.","Reports that they have been trying both the \"Alleghany Springs\" and the \"Yellow Sulfur\" springs; says the water has helped her health; describes the social life at the springs.","Inquires about her friends in Alexandria; asks if Mrs. Cassius Lee has information on household goods stolen from her.","Tells of her and Nancy's stay in Danville; discusses Nina's wedding; says her brother Abner will be in the Legislature until it adjourns; news about family and friends. Envelope included with list of bridal attendants on the back.","Discusses her daily schedule; describes a sewing machine that she bought; discusses Nina's wedding; news about family and friends.","Expresses her job in hearing Nina is engaged; reports that she has heard Mr. Hepburn described as \"intellectual\" and \"pious\"; says Captain. Grady sends his love; sends her a gift.","Regrets that she cannot come to Nina's wedding; hopes that Nina will be happy living in the parsonage; news about family and friends.","Apologizes that she cannot be there for the wedding; sends her money to buy a wedding present; tells that she had to refuse a gentleman who revealed his feelings for her; wishes her happiness in her new life.","Note accompanying a wedding present, wishing Nina happiness.","Gives a report on her health, saying she is much stronger; tells what remedies she is taking; says they have given most of her wedding cake away; says that everyone thinks her wedding was beautiful; gives her philosophy on marriage and its importance; tells her how lucky she is to have found such a \"good man.\" Including letter from Rebecca C. Powell to Nina giving a report on their mother's health.","Describes how she spent her Easter vacation; describes the events that took place after Nina's wedding; describes a visit to Georgetown.","Reports she is feeling better but that Rebecca has neuralgia from a bad tooth; tells Nina that she should call her husband \"Mr. Hepburn\"; says it is Nellie's wedding day; advises her to obey her husband now that she is no longer there to control her.","Gives news about home and tells Nina that they miss her greatly; says the relationship between herself and John ? is growing stronger; hopes that she is enjoying her stay in the country with her husband.","Discusses their mother's health, noting improvements; expresses eagerness to visit her in her own home; asks about Sewell.","Discusses her arrangements to come see them; says she is feeling better but she is still weak; tells her to ask for what she needs just like when she lived at home; gives news of family and friends.","Writes to tell her that her health has improved since she left home; gives a report on her health and what she has done there at a resort?; says her father will be home soon.","Includes description of S. Powell.","Thanks him for the letter of sympathy concerning his wife, Selina Powell; gives a detailed description of her death and a tribute to her life.","Offers her sympathy in the loss of her mother; says that her mother Selina Powell was one of her earliest friends.","Entreats them to warn his wife Lizzie against a woman named Mrs. Hubard who he is convinced is seeking their ruin.","Tells of friends' illnesses and other afflictions; discusses preachers; says she will wait to buy cotton until the price goes down. Including letter (written on top of) of 1864 January 8 from ? Danville, Va., to \"sister.\" Says she would like to visit her and also to see her whole family, but that she cannot leave because of her duties; says she can only leave on \"official business.\"","Describes their summer in the North; describes the Grand Jubilee held in Boston; describes Newport, Maine and the historical sites there; discusses Nina's life in the parsonage; gives news about family and friends back home.","Says she is very happy to return from the North, though she was treated kindly there and it did improve her health; says many people at home are ill with an influenza that follows the Horse Disease; much news about family and friends.","Asks Nina how her little boy is; reveals that she thought she would be getting married this fall, but that the gentleman, Dr. Cole, has been suffering from an illness; news about family and friends.","Expresses hope that she will visit them in Maryland soon, and bring her child; comments on Nina's settling in Waterford, Loudon County; news of family and friends.","Describes the baby Sewell's features; tells how the family is adjusting to new baby.","Discusses tuition for Mildred.","Reports news of her school; discusses the bonds that their father sold, and his financial situation.","Reports that they are taking of Uncle Leven, including paying for his board with Sallie Withers, and giving him clothes; expresses disappointment that other relatives are not helping him; says Uncle Lev had a drinking problem at one time and his wife will not see him.","Tells Nina their plans to visit her; says they will travel through Baltimore and then by boat across the Chesapeake Bay.","Sends a check for Mildred's tuition.","Hopes that Mr. Hepburn has recovered from his fall and hopes he will stick to taming men's spirits rather than taming men's horses; much news about family and friends.","Gives news about family and friends; says that they will visit her in a few weeks.","Sends Nina a fur cape and muff; congratulates Nina on her pregnancy and hopes she feels well; sends a present for the coming baby; asks Nina for her preferred style of dress so that she can make her some.","Tells of the death of her father-in-law and the effects it has had on the family.","Tells of birth of another boy and that Nina is doing fine; says they have not named him because he wanted a girl; tells story of how his errand boy spilled into the well some fish he was cleaning and how he Sewell had to go down and fish them out.","Gives advice on how to take care of oneself after childbirth; thinks that she should have more than one servant; says that she is having some dresses made for her; news about family and friends.","Scope and Contents Gives news of friends in Alexandria; mentions centennial celebrations; says her school is doing well, with 21 scholars; mentions that Robert Powell has a new daughter.","Gives news about Powell and Lee cousins in Philadelphia; says that a few neighbors have scarlet fever; discusses politics.","Tells of his stay at Selma in Leesburg where he visited relatives; tells of weddings in Leesburg.","Says she is glad the children are recovering from their illness; says Nina must take tonic and Lager Beer herself to say well; recommends ways to rid the house of the illness; describes a visit to Baltimore to see an art exhibit.","Wishes he had a mountain house where his grandchildren could go, especially to recuperate; discusses controversy between two churches, St. Stephens and Grace Church, in the neighborhood where he is; says they both want Mr. Jackson from Charleston, South Carolina, to be their minister.","Gives a long description of her boarders and her school; gives news about neighborhood, friends and family.","Teases him about his \"destitute condition,\" having to take care of himself while Nina is in Baltimore; scolds him for not taking good care of himself and says she does not want Nina to become a widow; tells of a surprise visit by Mrs. Beck of his parish to visit one of her students, Hallie; discusses past election and Hancock's defeat.","Is happy that she is enjoying her travels in the North so much; thanks her for her detailed descriptions which allow him to see the places through his \"mental vision\"; discusses his routes home; says he will be home soon with two boys grandsons.","Discusses her travels in the North; tells of his grandsons' (Charles and Sewell) visit to Alexandria; discusses news at home.","Discusses the town of Bethlehem; says her Uncle William is visiting him; discusses his health; tells news of neighborhood.","Says that her \"Scotts Nephew\" has arrived and has settled in a room; says he may go to Orange County, Va.? soon.","Describes a visit by her cousins Kate Powell and Carrie; gives a long and detailed description of Carrie, her immediate family and her experiences.","Discusses Ellen's tuition; says they are pleased with her education; says that their move to Richmond means that they will have to find another teacher.","Describes his journey to Nina's; describes an encounter between Bishop Randolph and Meta Stuart on the train concerning Amelie Rives; gives a description of each of his grandchildren.","Hopes that she and Mrs. Wailes are steadily improving their health while at the springs; tells her of the death of Mrs. Braxton and the prospects of Ingleside; gives news of grandchildren and neighborhood.","Expresses joy that her health is improving; tells of the death of General Wickham and how it affected the area; gives news of family and neighborhood.","Describes the school; says he may join the Blackford Society; tells about a grammar exam.","Describes the taking of an arithmetic exam which exempted him from taking any more; says he got some demerits; tells about football and how he is playing well.","Tells about his schedule and about his exams; says he had tea with Mr. Hooffs; discusses demerits.","Says he cannot teach this week because his nose is going to be operated on; says his mother and Sewell will occupy the children until then; says Sewell will go back to school soon; discusses the structure of his classes and asks her advice.","Discusses the nature of geometry and gives advice on how to learn it.","Says he has been ill; discusses activities at school and grades.","Thanks her for the invitation to come visit while they are in Yorktown; says his two boys will come by sailing a canoe to Yorktown.","Says they are all home for a week holiday; describes how they all got home; says Richard Cook came home with Selina; describes a real old timey Virginia country dance; says Selina likes Alexandria and the new home; describes what each person in the family has been doing; gives a description of the College of William and Mary; says he has overloaded himself with schoolwork this year; tells how the Alumni are reorganizing the Phi Beta Kappa fraternity; gives a description of the fraternity; mentions the burning of St. Paul's Church in Hanover; thanks her for the presents she sent.","Discusses examination schedule and work load; questions validity of mid-term examinations; praises the College for its level of academia; praises Dr. Hall, a professor of English; says that main event at the College now is the contest between societies for the society medals; says he is in the Phoenix society and may debate for it; says he took a trip to New Kent to see his \"girl\" and to visit friends; discusses the Daughters of the Revolution and the Organization of the Descendants of the Cincinnati; says he saw Cousin Laura and her husband Mr. Roberts, a preacher, who are in Williamsburg.","Discusses the new house which he is anxious to get home to see; says he and Charles will not finish exams until the end of June; discusses the social events of the \"final week\"; discusses his exams; discusses Selina's academic progress; says one must experience College life to understand the strength of its temptations.","Says he has spent much time with Nanna Powell McCormick, a cousin; describes her and what they have done together; says he is in love with her; discusses love and cupid; describes a card club he belongs to, and a German club.","Hopes that she doesn't feel isolated from his immediate family; says that their \"great mutual loss\" has brought them all closer together; asks about her plans for the future; says he went to York to see Charles; discusses his housing at College; talks of recent fires in Richmond and Baltimore; speaks of his cousins and some girls that he has met.","Discusses their family's genealogy; mentions Nicholas Lloyd, John Lloyd, and Sarah Lloyd.","Discusses the Presbyterian drive in Alexandria to save the old church; discusses church events; expresses joy to hear of Nina's marriage; mentions the fact that her Selina's father is over eighty years old.","Scope and Contents Describes a house nearby; writes about her relatives that are staying there; asks her to come visit. Including Selina Powell to Nina Powell. Asks Nina to write Lizzie about the house, if it can be rented, and who they should talk to.","Wishes her a Merry Christmas; tells what family members are making for presents; asks about her trip to Alexandria and the people she has seen; discusses the propriety of accepting a book for a gentleman; tells her to be happy and not to think too much.","Discusses offers she has had for teaching, saying she will take the offer closest to where Mr. Powell teaches; advises her to get her teeth fixed; discusses styles; gives advice on how to motivate one of her students; says he will not go to Gloucester because of the recent \"outrages\" there; says she has a \"horror of drunken negroes.\"","Advises her to come home after her visit with Lizzie Watkins; gives a report on the health of family and friends; says almost \"all black and white\" went to the \"procession\" in Washington the day before; says her cousin Jinny Taylor's family is ill; sends her money. 4 pages. letter signed.","Discusses her poor health, saying she has been diagnosed as having a diseased heart; says she is staying with her sister Aggie who just got married; news of family. 4 pages. letter signed.","Discusses Nina's visit with her friends and her trip to the \"Bear's Den\"; writes of the many parties there have been since Nina left; says she has not seen Nina's sisters since they got back from Capon; discusses their friendship.","Says her father still has not come home; describes a trip Nina and Rebecca made and the people they visited; writes of young men and friends who have come to visit Nina; news of friends and family.","Discusses dresses; writes of a \"Mr. C.,\" assuring her mother that they are not romantically involved; says Mr. and Mrs. Stringfellow left them to the care of the housekeeper; gives news about friends.","Says that Uncle J. Powell does not think Lexington is a good place to open a school and Lynchburg would be better; discusses prices for boarding; says that her Father may have to look for a tutoring job for a family and then she will have to find work as close to him as possible; discusses sewing she has done; gives news about family and friends.","Discusses the remedies \"Mother\" has tried for her sore throat; describes Mrs. Wildman's receipt for asparagus; says \"Ma\" is experimenting on her throat and then will tell Minna how to treat hers.","Describes her daily schedule, including teaching for \"the girls;\" says the \"Captain\" and the girls included her in a visit to Mrs. Cooke's; describes the people she met there and the house.","Says he spent Christmas at Uncle Frank's and Aunt Jane's; reports on what he has been doing.","Scope and Contents Discusses whether Emily ? will move to Fairlee as a servant?; asks if she will take someone from the \"Home for Fallen Women,\" if Emily declines.","Says she went shopping for her and is sending her some articles; discusses fashions; says her Aunt Ann is still unwell.","Tells her to take of herself while she is sick; discusses whether she should come home; tells of people there that are sick.","Scope and Contents Discusses Mary's furniture and which of it she can use; discusses Frank ?'s health; says Mrs. Hammond has died after being very ill; discusses health of friends and family; gives news of what her family is doing.","Tells of safe arrival of Maud's baby daughter and her appearance; sends greetings to Becca, Nina, and herself.","Gives advice on letter writing and spelling. 1 page. letter. Incomplete.","Scope and Contents Advises her not to work too hard; discusses board prices in Albemarle, where Mr. Powell is teaching; discusses hair styles; encloses a sample of material of Rebecca's berage ?; writes of the crowded conditions in Mrs. Sharpe's ? home; mentions reading.","Sends this note with a letter she is forwarding; hopes she is enjoying her visit; says she is feeling better.","Discusses dresses and asks what else she will need for the summer; sends her a poem.","Scope and Contents Consoles her in her time of \"troubles\"; says she has heard from their mother that she \"bears them bravely\"; urges her to take an interest in life and to try to be happy again.","Describes a dress that Minnie is making; discusses other dresses.","News of family and friends.","Describes a walk he took from North Hampton to East Hampton; discusses Thanksgiving vacation.","Asks her to send socks.","Tells about her dolls; mentions some Powell relatives.","Thanks her for the donation for the restoration of a church on Fairfax St., near Selina's Aunt Rebecca's home; mentions a celebration for the laying of the corner stone of the District; describes a light hose that the government gave the Mount Vernon Chapter D.A.R.; mentions more historic work.","Discusses religious matters; lists social events.","Describes duties and responsibilities of husband and wife; describes the state of marriage; pronounces the couple as husband and wife; states Benediction.","Scope and Contents Signed as written by Laura ?; added note in different handwriting states \"written by Minna when eight years of age.\"","Scope and Contents 4 items.","Tells of his appointment as Commander of the Continental Army, and his reluctance to accept the position due to hopes of a more peaceful solution and reluctance in leaving his family; gives information as to other Congressional decisions, such as the striking of 2 million dollars in Continental currency to pay troops.","Scope and Contents In answer to a previous letter, he feels that the only principle that will affect them the British? is fear, and that treating them cavalierly will make them despair of their undertaking. Statement on verso: Copy is in handwriting of Rebecca C. Powell of Alexandria.","Scope and Contents Wishes to spend remainder of his life in \"rural amusements;\" prediction of what a great city Washington, D.C. will become, \"though not as large as London,\" and description of how Alexandria, Virginia has grown; feels that if the United States can steer clear of European politics, it could become \"one of the greatest and happiest nations in the world.\"","Scope and Contents Discusses how he saved the papers of the Revolutionary Government by taking them to Leesburg, Virginia before the British burned the District of Columbia in the War of 1812. These papers included the Declaration of Independence, the journals of Congress, letter of General George Washington, Letters of General Greene and papers of the State Department. 2 pages. copy of letter signed, first part missing.","Mainly letters written from Illinois to Charles L. Powell dealing with land transactions. Also includes land certificates and letters to Lloyd Powell.","Scope and Contents Physical Location: See Oversize file. Concerning the transfer of 100 acres of land in St. Peter's Parish, New Kent County, Va..","Physical Location: See medium oversize file.","Scope and Contents Signed on front by R. E. Lee and on verso by Mary Custis Lee, Lexington, Va..","Scope and Contents Signed on front and back by Mary Custis Lee.","Includes detailed descriptions of battles and movements of armies. Manuscript Volume 1.","Scope and Contents Book includes a biographical sketch of Col. Leven Powell by Major Burr Powell son: a description of the battle at Manassas Junction on 1861 July 21in a letter from Dr. Hunter McGuire, Surgeon of Jackson's Brigade, to his Mother (Copy); Civil War Journal (May 1 - May 27); list of names: dead? under Civil War battles; Civil War Journal 1862 December 18 -1863 March 28; Leven Powell, Hampton to Sally Sarah Powell,1776 January 27, (Copy). Manuscript Volume 2.","Also includes recipes and how to dye cloth. Manuscript Volume 3.","Includes visiting, baptismal and confirmation lists, and marriages performed, accounts and prayers. included of pages concerning members of Powell Family. Manuscript Volume 4."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Powell, Cuthbert (1775-1849)","Powell, Charles Leven (1804-1896)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Powell, Cuthbert (1775-1849)","Powell, Charles Leven (1804-1896)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":751,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T07:21:03Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8863_c01_c34_c02"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6199_c08_c92_c84","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"[article, clipping, photo, pamphlet, and other; original and copy] article about David B. Cook from 'National Printer-Journalist' (1925); clipping regarding proposed name change for Roanoke, WV, from 'The Roanoke Times' (1960); photo of Deep Springs, now called Big Springs or McDowells Springs, near the old Hinkle Fort (undated); pamphlet entitled \"The History of the Town of Washington, Virginia\" (undated); and a copy of a letter to Colonel James Bird (1767)","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6199_c08_c92_c84#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6199_c08_c92_c84","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6199_c08_c92_c84"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6199_c08_c92_c84","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6199","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6199","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6199_c08_c92","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6199_c08_c92","parent_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6199","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6199_c08","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6199_c08_c92"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6199","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6199_c08","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6199_c08_c92"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Roy Bird Cook (1886-1961), Collector, Papers","Series 8. 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Bound Notebooks","Cook-Bird-Hull-Conrad Papers (includes genealogical materials on the Cook family, centered in Highland County, Virginia, and Lewis County, West Virginia, with additional material on the Bird, Dyer, Keister, Hull, and Conrad families)","[article, clipping, photo, pamphlet, and other; original and copy] article about David B. Cook from 'National Printer-Journalist' (1925); clipping regarding proposed name change for Roanoke, WV, from 'The Roanoke Times' (1960); photo of Deep Springs, now called Big Springs or McDowells Springs, near the old Hinkle Fort (undated); pamphlet entitled \"The History of the Town of Washington, Virginia\" (undated); and a copy of a letter to Colonel James Bird (1767)","Box 39","Volume Notebook 67","Page 431"],"title_filing_ssi":"[article, clipping, photo, pamphlet, and other; original and copy] article about David B. Cook from 'National Printer-Journalist' (1925); clipping regarding proposed name change for Roanoke, WV, from 'The Roanoke Times' (1960); photo of Deep Springs, now called Big Springs or McDowells Springs, near the old Hinkle Fort (undated); pamphlet entitled \"The History of the Town of Washington, Virginia\" (undated); and a copy of a letter to Colonel James Bird (1767)","title_ssm":["[article, clipping, photo, pamphlet, and other; original and copy] article about David B. Cook from 'National Printer-Journalist' (1925); clipping regarding proposed name change for Roanoke, WV, from 'The Roanoke Times' (1960); photo of Deep Springs, now called Big Springs or McDowells Springs, near the old Hinkle Fort (undated); pamphlet entitled \"The History of the Town of Washington, Virginia\" (undated); and a copy of a letter to Colonel James Bird (1767)"],"title_tesim":["[article, clipping, photo, pamphlet, and other; original and copy] article about David B. Cook from 'National Printer-Journalist' (1925); clipping regarding proposed name change for Roanoke, WV, from 'The Roanoke Times' (1960); photo of Deep Springs, now called Big Springs or McDowells Springs, near the old Hinkle Fort (undated); pamphlet entitled \"The History of the Town of Washington, Virginia\" (undated); and a copy of a letter to Colonel James Bird (1767)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1767, 1925, 1960, undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1767/1960"],"normalized_title_ssm":["[article, clipping, photo, pamphlet, and other; original and copy] article about David B. Cook from 'National Printer-Journalist' (1925); clipping regarding proposed name change for Roanoke, WV, from 'The Roanoke Times' (1960); photo of Deep Springs, now called Big Springs or McDowells Springs, near the old Hinkle Fort (undated); pamphlet entitled \"The History of the Town of Washington, Virginia\" (undated); and a copy of a letter to Colonel James Bird (1767)"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Roy Bird Cook (1886-1961), Collector, Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":3081,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960],"containers_ssim":["Box 39","Volume Notebook 67","Page 431"],"_nest_path_":"/components#7/components#91/components#83","timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:49:43.882Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6199","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6199","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6199","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6199","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_6199.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/199148","title_ssm":["Roy Bird Cook (1886-1961), Collector, Papers"],"title_tesim":["Roy Bird Cook (1886-1961), Collector, Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1679-1984, undated","1840-1960"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1840-1960"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1679-1984, undated"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 1561","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6199"],"text":["A\u0026M 1561","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6199","Roy Bird Cook (1886-1961), Collector, Papers","Charleston (W. Va.)","Gilmer County (W. Va.)","Kanawha County (W. Va.)","Kanawha River Valley (W. Va.)","Lewis County (W. Va.)","Ohio River Valley -- History","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Military life","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Veterans","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","West Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","West Virginia -- Politics and government -- 1861-1865","Academies and Institutes.","Accounting","Bridges -- West Virginia","Fortification -- West Virginia","Genealogy","Pharmacy -- History","Philippi, Battle of, Philippi, W. Va., 1861","Railroads -- West Virginia","Rivers -- West Virginia","Roads -- West Virginia","Salt industry and trade - West Virginia.","Schools","Slavery -- West Virginia","Steamboats","Toll roads  -- West Virginia","Valleys -- West Virginia","West Virginia - Church history.","Women's history -- 1800-1849","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- 1929-1950","Women's history -- 1951-present","Women's history -- Pre-1800","Diaries","Special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","List of Bound Notebooks in Series 8:","Notebook 1 - Civil War Diary of James F. Ellis, Corporal, Company B, 15th (West) Virginia - Box 16 \nNotebook 2 - Jackson Letters - Box 16 \nNotebook 2A-K - Thomas J. (Stonewall) Jackson Papers, volumes 1-11 - Boxes 16-20 \nNotebook 3 - Index to 1st-2nd-3rd Biennial Reports, Dept. of Archives and History, 1906-1911 - Box 20 \nNotebook 4 - Douglas Freeman, Historian - Box 20 \nNotebook 5A - Kanawha County Court Records, 1788-1803 (contains typescript transcriptions) - Box 20 \nNotebook 5B - Kanawha County Court Records, 1825-1831 (contains typescript transcriptions) - Box 21 \nNotebook 6 - Fitzhugh (bio of Judge Nicholas Fitzhugh and diary of Henrietta Fitzhugh Barr) - Box 21 \nNotebook 7 - Thomas Jackson Arnold Letters (includes letters from TJA to Roy Bird Cook) - Box 21 \nNotebook 8 - Granville Davisson Hall Papers - Box 21 \nNotebook 9 - Jackson Papers (includes many items once held by Mrs. Jackson) - Box 22 \nNotebook 10 - Weston Newspapers (includes material from 1800s) - Box 22 \nNotebook 11 - Bennett Papers (re J.M. Bennett and the Bennett family; see also Notebook 44) - Box 22 \nNotebook 12 - Pioneer Sketches of Lewis County (By Roy Bird Cook) - Box 22 \nNotebook 13 - Jackson's Mill (contains thesis 'The Pioneer State 4-H Camp: Jackson's Mill') - Box 23 \nNotebook 14 - B\u0026O Railroad (extracts from dissertation re B\u0026O in the Civil War by Festus Summers) - Box 23 \nNotebook 15 - Lewis County (historical sketches by Robert L. Bland of 'The Weston Democrat' ca. 1920) - Box 23 \nNotebook 16 - Oliver Letters (contains newspaper column re history of Weston, 1892) - Box 23 \nNotebook 17 - Vandalia (contains typescript re the Ohio Land Company and George Washington) - Box 23 \nNotebook 18 - Narrative of Colonel John Stuart of Greenbrier, 1798 (incl. info. on Indian wars) - Box 23 \nNotebook 19 - A.J. Volck Confederate Sketches - see Series 13 \nNotebook 20 - West Virginia Index (incl. material related to work of Commission on Historic Markers) - Box 23 \nNotebook 21 - West Virginia Review Index (incl. list of articles by RBC, and TOC for 1923-1942) - Box 24 \nNotebook 22 - Charleston Typescripts (regarding local history) - Box 24 \nNotebook 23 - Stonewall Jackson Pamphlets, number 1 - Box 25 \nNotebook 24 - Stonewall Jackson Pamphlets, number 2 - Box 25 \nNotebook 25 - General Albert Jenkins, Confederate States Army (incl. biographical information) - Box 25 \nNotebook 26 - Civil War I (mostly typescripts re various topics connected to the Civil War) - Box 26 \nNotebook 27 - Civil War II - Box 26 \nNotebook 28 - Civil War III - Box 27 \nNotebook 29 - 'West Virginia' by Colonel Robert White (part of volume 2 of a series) - Box 27 \nNotebook 30 - Mason Mathews Collection (notebook pp. 1-19; transcription of Civil War letters) - Box 27 \nNotebook 30 - Alkire Collection (pp. 20-49; trans. of Civil War scrapbooks made by Marcia Phillips) - Box 27 \nNotebook 30 - Diary of Henry F. Westfall (pp. 50-92; incl. typescript copy of Civil War diary) - Box 27 \nNotebook 31 - Young Family Civil War Papers - Box 27 \nNotebook 32 - Stonewall Jackson (includes mostly articles about Stonewall Jackson) - Box 28 \nNotebook 33 - Civil War, No. 3 - Box 28 \nNotebook 34 - Civil War, No. 4 - Box 28 \nNotebook 35 - Civil War, No. 5 - Box 28 \nNotebook 36 - Civil War, No. 6 - Box 29 \nNotebook 37 - Stonewall Jackson (includes articles and pamphlets regarding T.J. Jackson) - Box 29 \nNotebook 38 - Stonewall Jackson (includes articles and pamphlets regarding T.J. Jackson) - Box 29 \nNotebook 38A - Stonewall Jackson (includes articles and pamphlets regarding T.J. Jackson) - Box 29 \nNotebook 39 - Stonewall Jackson (includes articles and pamphlets regarding T.J. Jackson) - Box 30 \nNotebook 40 - Civil War--Camden (contains Civil War recollections by Thomas B. Camden) - Box 30 \nNotebook 41 - Johnson Newlon Camden - Box 31 \nNotebook 42 - Camden-Newlon-Sprigg-Williams Papers (genealogies) - Box 31 \nNotebook 43 - Camden Papers - Box 31 \nNotebook 44 - Bennett Papers (thesis re Civil War, VA Politics, and J. Bennett; see Notebk. 11) - Box 32 \nNotebook 45 - West Virginia Sketch Book I (contains historical sketches, etc.; includes TOC) - Box 32 \nNotebook 46 - West Virginia Sketch Book II (contains historical sketches, etc.; includes TOC) - Box 32 \nNotebook 47 - West Virginia Sketch Book III (contains historical sketches, etc.; includes TOC) - Box 33 \nNotebook 48 - Ruffner Kanawha Valley Scrap Book - Box 33 \nNotebook 49 - Romance of the Kanawha (scrapbook contains maps, clippings, letters, etc.) - Box 33 \nNotebook 50 - Daniel Boone--Early Kanawha Valley (material re D. Boone and General A. Lewis) - Box 34 \nNotebook 51 - Lewis County Sketch Book I - Box 34 \nNotebook 52 - Lewis County Sketch Book II - Box 34 \nNotebook 53 - Weston--Lewis County (scrapbook includes mostly newspaper clippings) - Box 35 \nNotebook 54 - Blennerhassett - Box 35 \nNotebook 55 - Hamilton-Holt-Byrne-Newlon - Box 35 \nNotebook 56 - Colonel George Jackson and Family - Box 35 \nNotebook 57 - Washington Papers (includes copies of maps of land owned by GW) - Box 36 \nNotebook 58 - Washington Papers - Box 36 \nNotebook 59 - Washington Papers (includes material regarding Fort Dearborn) - Box 36 \nNotebook 60 - Cooke Papers (includes many articles written by John Esten Cooke) - Box 37 \nNotebook 61 - Washington Papers - Box 37 \nNotebook 62 - Washington Papers - Box 38 \nNotebook 63 - Washington Papers - Box 38 \nNotebook 64 - Washington Papers - Box 38 \nNotebook 65 - West Virginia Archaeology - Box 38 \nNotebook 66 - 'Wood County Formation' by Alvaro F. Gibbens - Box 39 \nNotebook 67A - Jackson VMI (contains Board of Visitors report, July 1863) - Box 39 \nNotebook 67 - Cook-Bird-Hull-Conrad Papers - Box 39 \nNotebook 68 - Kanawha County - Box 40 \nNotebook 69 - Hardesty's Lewis County (incl. Lewis, Barbour, and Upshur Counties) - Box 40 \nNotebook 70 - Alexander Scott Withers (author of 'Chronicles of Border Warfare') - Box 40","Roy Bird Cook  (April 1, 1886 - November 21, 1961) was born in Lewis County, near Roanoke, WV. Cook was a pharmacist and prominent West Virginia historian. Cook wrote several books on the history of Lewis County and biographies of Stonewall Jackson and Alexander Scott Withers, and contributed historical articles to a wide variety of publications. He also collected Civil War and early West Virginia documents and memorabilia. More biographical information on Mr. Cook is available in the \"Records of the 31st Virginia Infantry Regiment, C.S.A.\" (see link in Instances).","The 31st Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment  was formed in the early weeks of the Civil War when Confederate General Robert E. Lee ordered the recruitment of troops to protect railroad lines running through western Virginia's northern counties. On May 4, Lee appointed Colonel George Porterfield to assume command of these forces, which were being raised primarily in Taylor, Marion, Harrison, Monongalia, and Barbour Counties. In the next few weeks, these new recruits found themselves in the war's first arena, a tactical struggle for control of the Confederacy's northwestern flank--the hills, rails, and rivers of what would soon become the nation's 35th state, West Virginia.","Composed of some of the war's earliest recruits, the 31st Virginia Infantry would see action under General Garnett, William L. \"Mudwall\" Jackson, Jones and Imboden, Stonewall Jackson, Jubal Early, and many more legendary Confederate commanders, at battles including Corrick's Ford, Cross Keys, Cold Harbor, Gettysburg, New Market, and others. Approximately 57 of the 850 men who joined the regiment in 1861 witnessed Lee's surrender at Appomattox on April 9, 1865.","A detailed history of the 31st Virginia by James Dell Cooke is available online (see link in Instances).","Researchers are also referred to John M. Ashcraft's '31st Virginia Infantry' (Lynchburg, Va.: H.E. Howard, 1988).","Granville Davisson Hall  (September 17, 1837 - June 24, 1934) worked for the Wheeling 'Intelligencer' as a reporter and editor. He also recorded the proceedings of the Wheeling Conventions, which led to the creation of the state of West Virginia. His notes were later published as 'The Rending of Virginia.' Hall also served as secretary to Governor Francis H. Pierpont when the Reorganized Government of Virginia was set up by the Second Wheeling Convention in 1861. In the new state government, Hall was elected the first clerk of the House of Delegates on June 20, 1863. In 1865, he was elected Secretary of State and also served as private secretary to West Virginia's first governor, Arthur I. Boreman. After the Civil War, Hall held several positions in the railroad industry.","Congressman and Confederate General  Albert Gallatin Jenkins  (November 10, 1830 - May 21, 1864) was born at Green Bottom, Cabell County. He practiced law in (West) Virginia and served in the U.S. Congress from 1857 to 1861. At the beginning of the Civil War, he enlisted recruits for a Virginia unit called the Border Rangers and was elected their captain. In August of 1861, he formed the 8th Virginia Cavalry and became its colonel. In early 1862, Jenkins was elected to the First Confederate Congress. In August of 1862, he was appointed brigadier general. He went on to command a battalion of cavalry at the Battle of Gettysburg. Jenkins died of wounds he received at the Battle of Cloyd's Mountain. Jenkins' Green Bottom plantation house, maintained as an historic site by the West Virginia Division of Culture and History, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.","Jonathan McCally Bennett  (October 4, 1816 - October 28, 1887) was born in Lewis County, (West) Virginia. He married Margaret Elizabeth Jackson, daughter of Captain George W. Jackson, cousin of Stonewall Jackson. Bennett was law partner of Gideon D. Camden, and in 1846 became the first Mayor of Weston. He served as a member of the General Assembly in 1852-1853, was president of the Exchange Bank of Virginia at Weston in 1853, served as First Auditor of Virginia from 1857 to 1865, and served on the West Virginia Senate from 1872 to 1876. During the Civil War, he sided with the Confederacy. For additional collections related to J.M. Bennett and the Bennett family, see also A\u0026M 32, 35, 572, and others.","81, 858, 895, 1309, 1379, 1528, 1561","Papers collected by Roy Bird Cook, a Lewis County native and Charleston pharmacist, who in his role as historian, researcher, and author, was a pioneering and effective advocate for the preservation of West Virginia history. This collection includes the papers he collected in connection with his research, including documentation of the Civil War in West Virginia, Stonewall Jackson and his family, and genealogy of North Central West Virginia, among other topics.","Materials include letters and papers of the Hays family, including Samuel L. and Peregrine Hays of Gilmer County (1836-1884, 1952-1962, undated [includes facsimiles]); records of the Confederate 31st Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment, and later correspondence, clippings, and papers about the regiment and its members (ca. 1856-1955, undated [includes facsimiles]); correspondence, photographs, and scrapbook-style notebooks of Roy Bird Cook (1896-1961, undated [includes facsimiles]); various collections of individual and family papers and Civil War correspondence (1793-1974, undated [includes facsimiles]); original and copies of Stonewall Jackson letters and papers, as well as papers pertaining to Jackson family members (1801-1963, undated [includes facsimiles]) (the original letter by T.J. Jackson has been separated to A\u0026M 435); and materials related to the history of pharmacy and medicine, with a special focus on West Virginia (ca. 1832-1961, undated [includes facsimiles]).","There is also an extensive series of bound notebooks containing manuscripts, transcriptions, clippings, genealogies, pamphlets, and images regarding the following topics: Stonewall Jackson, Mary Anna Morrison Jackson, Colonel George Jackson, and Thomas Jackson Arnold; the Civil War, including historical sketches of battles as well as originals and copies of soldiers' diaries, journals, and letters; Lewis County; Charleston and the Kanawha Valley; Douglas S. Freeman; Granville Davisson Hall; Camden family; George Washington; and other topics.","Please note: Additional processing took place in spring and summer 2012. Box and folder numbers from previous citations may no longer be accurate.","Series 1. Hays Family Papers; 1836-1884, 1952-1962, undated (includes facsimiles); box 1.","Series 2. Records of the 31st Virginia Infantry; ca. 1856-1955, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 2-3.","\nSeries 3. Roy Bird Cook Personal Papers; 1896-1961, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 4-5.","Series 4. Miscellaneous History; 1783-1961, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 6-7b.","Series 5. Individual, Family, and Civil War History Papers; 1793-1974, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 8-9.","Series 6. Thomas J. (Stonewall) Jackson Papers; 1801-1963, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 10-14c.","Series 7. Historical Articles and Other Printed Papers; 1928-1962, undated (includes facsimiles); box 15.","Series 8. Bound Notebooks; 1679-1984, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 16-40.","Series 9. Miscellaneous; ca. 1850-1866, 1909-1958, undated; box 41, folders 1-4.","Series 10. History of Pharmacy and the West Virginia Pharmaceutical Association; ca. 1832-1961, undated (includes facsimiles); box 41, folder 5 - box 42, folder 3 (includes unfoldered material).","Series 11. West Virginia Medical History and Biography; 1870-1911, 1936-1958, undated (includes facsimiles); box 42, folders 4-7.","Series 12. American Pharmaceutical Association; 1868, 1939-1961, undated; box 43.","Series 13. A.J. Volck Confederate Sketches; ca. 1880, 1915-1954, 2012, undated (includes facsimiles); box 44.","Series 14. Glass Plate Negatives; undated; box 45.","Series 15. Oversize Material; 1774-1964, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 46-52 and map cabinet 1, drawer 19.","This series includes correspondence, business papers, and biographical notes of Samuel L. Hays, his son Peregrine, and the Hays family of Gilmer County. Subjects include: the formation of Gilmer, Calhoun, Roane, and Upshur Counties; the Virginia Constitutional Convention of 1850; \"Stonewall\" Jackson's boyhood; early frontier conditions in the Wisconsin Territory; immigration, farming, milling, and land speculation in Minnesota, 1857-1870; Charleston and Braxton turnpike; slave sales; Early's Shenandoah Valley campaign of 1864; conditions in Richmond during the Civil War pertaining to livestock, tobacco, and cotton trade; the West Virginia Capitol question, 1877; and the Senatorial contest, 1876. Correspondents include J.M. Bennett, Louis Bennett, John Brannon, Gideon Camden, J.N. Camden, William P. Cooper, H. G. Davis, John J. Davis, Spencer Dayton, John S. Hoffman, William L. Jackson, John E. Kenna, Theodore Lang, and George W. Silcott. [note: not all of the subjects and personal names listed for series 1 were verified during reprocessing]","This series includes military records pertaining to the 31st Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment of the Confederate States Army. Military records include personnel papers (regarding death, desertion, and discharge), financial papers (receipts, inventories, etc.), judicial materials (charges and courts martial), correspondence, orders, a company book, muster rolls, etc. The series also includes maps, clippings, photographs, research correspondence, manuscript and typescript writings pertaining to the 31st Virginia Infantry of the Confederate States Army, and the correspondence and papers of D.C. Gallaher. D.C. Gallaher collected some of this material on the 31st regiment, which later came into the hands of Roy Bird Cook. For additional D.C. Gallaher material, see also Series 8, Bound Notebooks 26-28, Civil War I-III."," Military correspondence and orders include letters from J.M. Bennett, G. D. Camden Jr. and Sr., W.P. Cooper, John W. Daniel, Cyrus Hall, John S. Hoffman, A.H. Jackson, William L. Jackson, and William Smith. Additional correspondence includes letters to Roy Bird Cook pertaining to the regiment. Military orders are from the Army of Northern Virginia, the Army of Northwestern Virginia, Early's Division, and the 31st Virginia Infantry. Typescript writings include material related to soldiers and Civil War activities in Pocahontas, Upshur, and Lewis Counties; \"A History of the Thirty-First Virginia Regiment Volunteers C.S.A.\" by James Dell Cooke of WVU (1955); copies of W.P. [William Pope] Cooper diaries, letters, etc.; and \"Material Pertaining to Civil War Soldiers [Most of Whom Fought in the 31st Regiment, Virginia Infantry]\" (ca. 1926-1940)."," Please note, typescript copies of some of the original material in box 2, folders 1-9 can be found in box 3, folders 10-14."," For additional records of the 31st Virginia Infantry, see also: Series 15, Oversize Material -- 31st Virginia Infantry, boxes 49-51; and A\u0026M 1528 Series 6, Military Records, and Series 9, Oversized.","This series includes correspondence (box 4) and personal papers of Roy Bird Cook (box 5)."," Correspondence includes mainly incoming invitations, letters, photo postcards, clippings, etc. Topics include: T.J. (Stonewall) Jackson; comments on several books (including 'Lee the American' by Gamaliel Bradford, 'Lewis County in the Civil War' by Cook, and 'They Called Him Stonewall' by Burke Davis); various areas of West Virginia history; family histories (notably of the Peterson and Rhea families); Civil War participants (e.g. General Jubal A. Early); the Civil War Round Table, Incorporated; the Jackson House (in letters from Isabel Arnold); Ann Bailey; George Washington's Ohio River trip; an exploration by James Patton; material on Fred Fousse, a Civil War illustrator; and biographical material on Roy Bird Cook."," Correspondents include: Thomas Perkins Abernathy (Corcoran School of History, University of Virginia), Holmes M. Alexander, Isabel Arnold (descendent of Stonewall Jackson's sister Laura, who married an Arnold), Thomas J. Arnold, John Bakeless, Albert J. Beveridge, Edward Bok, Alva J.C. Bond (Dean Emeritus, School of Theology, Alfred University), Gamaliel Bradford, Senator Harry F. Byrd, Lenoir Chambers, Dr. Earl L. Core, Burke Davis, Ruth Woods Dayton, H.A. DuPont, Douglas Southall Freeman, Granville Davisson Hall, Dr. Matthew S. Holt (father of Rush D. Holt), Jay W. Johns (President, Stonewall Jackson Memorial, Incorporated), Harnett T. Kane, John A. Klein (Adjutant General of the United States), Dr. O.D. Lambert, Foreman M. Lebold, Eli Lilly, Henry T. McDonald (President, Storer College), Clarence W. Meadows (former Governor), Meade Minnigerode, Judge Ben Moore, Oren F. Morton, Drew Pearson, Mrs. Randolph (Julia J.) Preston (Stonewall Jackson's granddaughter), Frederick F. Seely (Department of English, Allegheny College), Lawrence Sherwood, Kenneth Stuart (Art Editor, 'The Saturday Evening Post'), Boyd B. Stutler, Allen Tate, Albert Payson Terhune, Cecil H. Underwood, and John W. Wayland."," Personal papers include photographs of Cook and scrapbook-style notebooks containing correspondence, printed materials, and ephemera from Cook's life. Topics include Cook's time in school, American Pharmaceutical Association meetings, Cook's honorary LL.D. awarded by West Virginia University, his Kiwanis Personal Achievement Award, and an attempted burglary at his home."," Additional correspondence to and from Cook, writings by Cook, etc. can be found throughout the collection. For Cook family genealogy and other Cook material, see Series 8, Bound Notebook 67, Cook-Bird-Hull-Conrad Papers, and Series 15, Oversize Material.","This series includes manuscript originals and facsimiles, newspaper and magazine clippings, typescripts, and printed items regarding Charleston and Kanawha County, West Virginia businesses, Geary Securities Company (see also Series 15, Oversize Material), book reviews and excerpts, West Virginia elections, the West Virginia Capitol and capital city, and the history of West Virginia."," For material that was separated from this series, see Series 15, Oversize Material, box 47, folders 3 and 8.","Includes original and facsimile clippings on: the Trans-Allegheny Lunatic Asylum, Weston; Cherry River Boom and Lumber Company Mill at Richwood; horse-powered boat \"Adventurer\" built at Coatsmouth [Coalsmouth?] in 1840s; facsimile, top of page 1, Parkersburg's West Virginia Walking Beam, vol. 2, no. 13 [October 9, 1880]; old grist mills; \"The Story of Salt,\" illustrated; Gatts Mound [at Cresap]; covered bridges; Hinkle Fort, Pendleton County, illustrated; the Mercer Grant, Mason County; Bailey's Hotel, Weston; early history of the 'Weston Democrat'; Harman Blennerhassett naturalization papers, Wood County court records; Blennerhassett episode--depositions of John Graham and Alex. Henderson, also J. Graham letter to Henderson; the Philippi Bar of the 1880s; doubts about Morgan, first white settler in West Virginia; Teays River; Spanish War Vets Convention, Weston; erosion, Canaan Valley and Blackwater Falls, illustrated; the Greenbrier Hotel in 1908; Fairfax survey map and Lower Shenandoah Valley Settlement; Selby House, Shepherdstown; Claudius Crozet; delegates to Commercial Convention in Memphis; list of U.S. Navy ships with West Virginia names; Old Richards Fort, Harrison County; John L. Cole; George Rogers Clark; etc.;","This series includes individual and family papers (manuscript and typescript letters, clippings, images, etc.) of West Virginians; manuscript and typescript letters, clippings, commissions, etc. regarding the Civil War, West Virginia politics, and other topics; a manuscript roll book of a Confederate sergeant (1862); and two manuscript Civil War diaries (Confederate diary: 1864; Union diary: 1864-1865)."," The individual and family papers include material related to the Barney, Bennett, Boyle, Cook, Jackson, Broun, Burner, Camden, Keister, McCausland, Quarrier, Laidley, Ruffner, Tavenner, Tompkins, and O'Neill families, among others; and material related to Mordecai Levi, J.A.J. Lightburn, James C. McFarland, Major T.P. Moore, John Morgan, Francis H. Pierpont, Adam See, Colonel William C. Tavenner, William Tompkins, and Robert E. Lee, among others. Topics of the family and individual papers include family matters, genealogy, business, and the Civil War. Mordecai Levi (1835-1914) invented the first method of brick paving in the U.S. and was an early paver of Charleston, WV. His papers include facsimile and original typescripts and correspondence, official documents, clippings, and other material [1871-1890, 1914-1974, undated]."," Correspondence (mostly original letters) regarding the Civil War, West Virginia politics, and other letters includes the following correspondents, among others: John Echols, William McKinley, Rutherford B. Hayes, George McClellan, Harman Blennerhassett, Lawrence A. Washington, Louis Philippe (King of France), Joseph Johnson (Governor of Virginia), and John Letcher (Governor of Virginia), among others. Original letters from McKinley, Hayes, McClellan, Louis Philippe, and Theodore Roosevelt have been separated to A\u0026M 435.","Includes facsimiles of biographic and genealogical clippings on: John Henry and writing of the ballad; Judge Ben Wheeler Moore; Lydia Boggs [Shepherd] Cruger/Kruger [also includes typescript]; John Henry Shaw; J.E. Hanger; Caroline Beeghley; Captain Jackson Everson [Apperson]; William Henry Tappey Squires; [Josias] Hanson Link [family] [includes Captain Leib's description of Clarksburg during Civil War period]; Colonel Benjamin J. Wilson; Donnally family; Clendennin family; Huddleston family; Herold family; White family.","Includes facsimiles of biographic and genealogical clippings on: Willa Hood Strickler [first female pharmacist in the state]; Prof. Milton W. Humphreys; S.B. Elkins; Boyd Stutler; Hu Maxwell; Nathan Goff Jr.; Renick family and Calvin Brown Renick; John Champe; General Hugh Mercer; and Francis Marion Franklin Smith [typescript]. Also includes miscellaneous topics, such as: West Virginia newspaper editors and publications; reburial of Chief Cornstalk's remains; Jama Shamoon, Fairmont resident in camp of Pancho Villa; road from Monterey to Pocahontas County, 1781-1782; Robert Crain and Margaret Bennett, daughter of Judge W.G. Bennett, wedding in Weston; campaign ribbon, W.G. Bennett for Governor; and Mrs. Lewis Bennett's donation of uniform, medals, etc. of her son, Lieutenant Lewis B. Jr., to the National Museum in Washington, D.C.","Contains clippings on various subjects, including: General Cox's message to the people of Charleston, General Orders, No. 8, Headquarters, District of the Kanawha, Elk River, July 25, 1861; Scary Creek battlefield [includes map]; Confederate money in Stockholm, Sweden; Capture of Steamboat \"Levi\" [General Eliakim P. Scammon], illustrated; Hawk's Nest incident [1862]; Kanawha Valley [includes map, photo of General Wise, copy of 1861 broadside \"Men of Virginia! Men of the Kanawha! To Arms!\"]; Lightburn's Retreat, Kanawha Valley 1862, illustrated; occupation of Charleston by Union Troops in 1861; \"Fort Hill\" Charleston, illustrated; Colonel George S. Patton and the \"Kanawha Riflemen,\" illustrated; \"The Dixie Rifles,\" Beuhring H. Jones, and the burning of Gauley Bridge, illustrated; Duskey's Raid on Ripley, illustrated; Wise's retreat from the Kanawha [includes map, illustrated].","Includes clippings on various subjects, such as: Hart residence and Rich Mountain battlefield, illustrated; monument to Gus Bailey of Fayette County; West Virginia's Generals in Gray, illustrated; Clarksburg, 1861, illustrated; role of the 'Wheeling Intelligencer' in the birth of West Virginia; Isaac J. Settle's Diary; preparing for action on the Kanawha, illustrated; Old Jack and Old Jube; list of issues of 'The Confederate Veteran' that have a West Virginia interest history of Company B, 14th West Virginia Infantry; \"Winchester, Va., September 19, 1864\" painting; etc. Also includes stamps and an envelope regarding the Centennial of the Philippi Covered Bridge in 1952.","Diary describes: marches and engagements in Virginia, Maryland, and West Virginia [including Greenbrier, Berkeley, and Jefferson County]; casualties and ordnance losses in various engagements; towns on route of march; desertions from the company; and reports of the movement and engagements of other units [Confederate and Union] [May 6, 1864-October 11, 1864]. Engagement sites include: Winchester and Fisher's Hill, 1st Brigadier General Breckenridge's Division, September 19 and 22; New Market, May 15, Confederate General John C. Breckenridge, Union General Seigle [sic: Sigel]; east of Atlee's Station, May 29-31 and June 1; Chickhominey River, Coal Harbor, June 2-3; near Lynchburg, June 18; near Salem, June 21; Frederick City, MD, July 9; between Purcellville and Snickerville, July 16; on the Shenandoah near Snicker's Gap, July 18; near Kerntown, July 24; near Charles Town, August 21; Berryville Road, September 4; near Winchester, September 19; Brown's Gap Road, September 26 [all 1864]. Martinsburg entries: July 4, 26, 27, 28-30, and August 7, 1864; Charlestown August 23, 1864. Last pages of diary list towns and countries traveled through, and distance traveled from May 6 - August 31, 1864.","Diary includes: descriptions of various engagements and maneuvers preceding Ellis' capture at Cedar Creek; names of men serving with Ellis who were wounded, discharged, deserters, etc.; description of living conditions at Camp Salisbury, NC; number of Federal prisoners joining the Confederate Army; number of deaths; and rations received. West Virginia counties in which the regiment saw action: Greenbrier, Mineral, Monroe, Berkeley, Jefferson, Morgan, Kanawha, Fayette, Raleigh, and Mercer. Ellis' location as mentioned in various entries in 1864: Ridgeville [Mineral County?], Hancock [MD?], \"Rebs reported at Peterson's Creek\" [Pattersons Creek, Mineral County?] on February 2; fight at New Creek [Mineral County] on February 3; \"Alpine Depot, Morgan Co. [Morgan County] West Virginia\" on April 1; other April entries mention Clarksburg, Parkersburg, Ravenswood, Pomeroy [OH], Charleston; Camp Piatt [?] Kanawha County on April 26; May entries mention Fayette County, Raleigh County, and Mercer County [captured Fort Breckenridge at Princeton, May 6]; Monroe County on May 13; New River on May 10; Lewisburg on May 22; White Sulphur Springs on June 2; Fayette County on June 20; Camp Piatt on July 1; Clarksburg on July 9; Piedmont on July 10; Martinsburg on July 11; Harpers Ferry on July 15; Libby Prison on November 1; Salisbury, NC on November 4. For a typescript copy of the diary, see also Series 8, Bound Notebooks, box 16, Notebook 1.","This series includes correspondence, military orders, battle reports, legal documents, clippings, typescripts, print material, ephemera, photographs, and other material. Topics include T.J. Jackson's military service, his time as constable of Lewis County, his entrance into West Point, his application for position on the faculty of University of Virginia, the Jackson and Arnold families, memorial busts and statues of Jackson, Jackson biographies, etc."," Also includes personal belongings of Jackson and associated memorabilia, such as Stonewall Jackson souvenir or commemorative coins and medals, and hair from the tail of Jackson's horse, Old Sorrel."," Also includes letters, pension documents, clippings, and financial statements of Mary Anna Jackson, T.J. Jackson's wife. Topics include family life and books written by Mrs. Jackson about her daughter and her husband."," For additional memorabilia, sheet music, newspapers, and images related to T.J. Jackson, see Series 14, Glass Plate Negatives, and Series 15, Oversize Material. For other Jackson materials, see also Series 8, Bound Notebooks.","This series includes unbound pamphlets and reprints of articles, as well as articles written by Roy Bird Cook. Topics include the history of Virginia and West Virginia, and the Civil War, among others.","This series includes typescripts, correspondence, clippings, genealogies, maps, ephemera, pamphlets, articles, photographs, and other material."," Prominent subjects include T.J. Jackson and his family, and the Civil War."," Material about T.J. Jackson includes articles and pamphlets about his life and military service; letters to, from, and about him; court records and legal documents regarding Jackson and his family; images of Jackson, Jackson's Mill, Jackson statues and memorials; reviews of books written about him, including Cook's 'The Family and Early Life of Stonewall Jackson'; and other items. Prominent Jackson family members include Mary Anna Morrison Jackson, Colonel George Jackson, and Thomas Jackson Arnold. (Notebooks prominently featuring T.J. Jackson and his family include 2, 2A-2K, 4, 7, 9, 13, 23, 24, 32, 37, 38, 38A, 39, and 56.)"," Civil War materials include historical sketches of battles; originals and copies of soldiers' diaries, journals, and letters; historical sketches and rosters of companies and regiments; articles and narratives about life during the Civil War; etc."," Additional subjects include genealogy, West Virginia history, prominent individuals, the Virginia Military Institute, Weston newspapers, the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, and the West Virginia Commission on Historic Markers."," Genealogical subjects include the Jackson, Neale, Arnold, Camden, Newlon, Sprigg, Williams, Ruffner, Hamilton, Holt, Byrne, Cook, Bird, Hull, and Conrad families, among others (Notebooks 2D, 42, 43, 48, 55, 67, and others)."," West Virginia history subjects include Kanawha County Court records; Lewis County; Weston; Charleston; colonial and Civil War history of West Virginia; George Washington's travels and surveys in and around West Virginia; the Kanawha River, valley, and surrounding area; Blennerhassett Island; Wood County; and Parkersburg."," Prominent individuals include Andrew Jackson, Judge Nicholas Fitzhugh, Henrietta Fitzhugh Barr, Granville Davisson Hall, Jonathan McCally Bennett and the Bennett family, Colonel John Stuart, General Albert Jenkins, David Creigh, Mason Mathews, Henry F. Westfall, John Valley Young and family, Thomas Bland Camden, Johnson Newlon Camden, Daniel Boone, Harman Blennerhassett, John Esten Cooke, Colonel George Jackson, and Alexander Scott Withers, among others."," Correspondents include T.J. Jackson, members of the Bennett family, Charles W. Dabney, Douglas Southall Freeman, Thomas Jackson Arnold, Lyman C. Draper, Boyd B. Stutler, and Roy Bird Cook, among others."," For additional materials on David Creigh, see A\u0026M 2201, Preston Family Papers, Box 1.","Descriptive System for Series 8:"," The contents of the notebooks are described to the item level in the Contents List.  \n These items level descriptions are preceded with the items' genre and format in brackets.","Genres include:"," article (from magazine or journal)  \n clipping (usually from newspaper)  \n ephemera  \n pamphlet  \n photo  \n typescript  \n ms [manuscript] letter  \n ts [typescript] letter  \n other","Formats include:"," original  \n transcription  \n copy (for photocopies and other facsimiles)"," Transcriptions are dated by creation date of the transcription, not the original.  \n Copies are dated by creation date of original.","Examples:"," [ephemera and photo; original] invitation to the dedication of the equestrian statue of Jackson and Lee in Baltimore, two tickets to the dedication, and a photo of the statue"," [ts letters; transcription] letters regarding T.J. Jackson's appointment as a cadet at Military Academy (This record describes a set of typescript letters transcribed from originals.)"," [other; copy] T.J. Jackson's appointment as Brevet Second Lieutenant (This record describes a facsimile of an official appointment document.)","This series includes diaries, lists, clippings, and pamphlets regarding Civil War experiences, music, battles, etc.; medical practice in (West) Virginia in the 1850s; and U.S. Presidents. The typescript copies of diaries relate to the years just before, during, and after the Civil War.","This series includes typescripts, pamphlets, prescriptions, account statements, advertisements, correspondence, clippings, photographs, programs, and other material. Topics include the James H. Rogers Drug Store and other drug stores in Charleston, WV; Dr. Henry Rogers and other Charleston pharmacists; medicines of the mid to late 1800s; the 1960 meeting of the American Pharmaceutical Association; West Virginia pharmacists' World War II service; and the West Virginia Pharmaceutical Association (now known as the West Virginia Pharmacists Association).","This series includes typescripts, pamphlets, magazine and journal articles, clippings, and correspondence regarding the history of the medical profession in West Virginia, including James Edward Hanger (first amputee soldier of the Civil War and founder of a prosthetics company), Dr. J.L. Miller (collector of medical material); and Dr. W.P. King.","This series includes pamphlets of original and reprinted articles regarding various pharmacists and the history of pharmacy. Also included are three bound volumes of material pertaining to the National Association of Boards of Pharmacy.","This series includes correspondence, a magazine, typescripts, and clippings related to Adalbert J. Volck. Also included are copies of 29 etchings by Volck regarding Civil War topics.","This series includes six glass plate negatives of T.J. Jackson portraits and Jackson's Mill.","This series is divided into two subseries, general material and material of the 31st Virginia Infantry.","This subseries includes memorabilia, sheet music, newspapers, and images related to T.J. Jackson, the Civil War, and Jackson's Mill. For additional T.J. Jackson material, see also Series 6, Thomas J. (Stonewall) Jackson Papers; Series 8, Bound Notebooks; and Series 14, Glass Plate Negatives."," Also included are family trees, maps, ephemera, clippings, Confederate bonds, and military records, among other material. Family trees show the genealogy of the Lee, Cook, Washington, and Cable families. Subjects of the maps include various counties in West Virginia; Civil War battles and troop movements; Charleston, WV; the Kanawha River; the Coal River; and George Washington's travels and surveys; among other subjects.","This subseries includes semi-monthly reports; lost or destroyed property reports; captains' monthly returns; abstracts of monthly payments and stationery issued; lists of officers; payroll and clothing distribution records; descriptive lists and accounting of pay and clothing records; morning reports; and muster rolls. The bulk of the material pertains to the 31st Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment. Digitized copies of these items can be found online (see link in Instances).","See also, Series 2, Records of the 31st Virginia Infantry.","Many items were transferred to the Printed Ephemera Collection, including \"Mark Twain's Family in Early History of West Virginia,\" by Robert Harrison Ferguson, A.M. Superintendent Mason County Schools, Point Pleasant, West Virginia (see P8616 in the Printed Ephemera Collection).","\nAn original letter from T.J. Jackson to Laura Ann Jackson Arnold, 26 October 1847, from Mexico City, Mexico, has been separated to the rare signature collection, A\u0026M 435.","\nFive original letters have been separated from Series 5. Individual, Family, and Civil War History Papers to A\u0026M 435. These are original manuscript letters authored by William McKinley, Rutherford B. Hayes, George McClellan, John S. Mosby, and Louis Philippe, and an original typescript letter from Theodore Roosevelt.","\n\"Front Elevation of Lunatic Asylum, West of the Alleghany Mountains\", \"R. Snowden Andrews, Architect, Baltimore, MD\" (1859; 12 1/2 in. x 49 in.) separated to A\u0026M 4071, Weston State Hospital.","\nMost photographs in this collection have been separated and digitized -- see scope and content note for link to photographs in West Virginia History OnView. Two of the photos were separated to A\u0026M 4168, Panoramic Photos Collection: Sheltering Arms Hosptial and Kanawha Falls.","\nLists of separated materials in the following categories can be found in the control folder: Broadsides \u0026 Programs, Newspapers/Periodicals, Circulars \u0026 West Virginia Pamphlets, and Maps.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Papers collected by Roy Bird Cook, a Lewis County native and Charleston pharmacist, who in his role as historian, researcher, and author, was a pioneering and effective advocate for the preservation of West Virginia history. This collection includes the papers he collected in connection with his research, including documentation of the Civil War in West Virginia, Stonewall Jackson and his family, and genealogy of North Central West Virginia, among other topics. Materials include letters and papers of the Hays family, including Samuel L. and Peregrine Hays of Gilmer County (1836-1884, 1952-1962, undated [includes facsimiles]); records of the Confederate 31st Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment, and later correspondence, clippings, and papers about the regiment and its members (ca. 1856-1955, undated [includes facsimiles]); various collections of individual and family papers and Civil War correspondence (1793-1974, undated [includes facsimiles]); original and copies of Stonewall Jackson letters and papers, as well as papers pertaining to Jackson family members (1801-1963, undated [includes facsimiles]); and materials related to the history of pharmacy and medicine, with a special focus on West Virginia (ca. 1832-1961, undated [includes facsimiles]). There is also an extensive series of bound notebooks containing manuscripts, transcriptions, clippings, genealogies, pamphlets, and images regarding the following topics: Stonewall Jackson, Mary Anna Morrison Jackson, Colonel George Jackson, and Thomas Jackson Arnold; the Civil War, including historical sketches of battles as well as originals and copies of soldiers' diaries, journals, and letters; Lewis County; Charleston and the Kanawha Valley; Douglas S. Freeman; Granville Davisson Hall; Camden family; George Washington; and other topics.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Pharmaceutical Association","Confederate States of America. Army. Virginia Infantry Regiment, 22nd. Company B","Confederate States of America. Army. Virginia Infantry Regiment, 31st","West Virginia State Pharmaceutical Association","Bennett family","Camden family","Hayes family","Jackson family","Quarrier family","Ruffner family","Cook, Roy Bird, 1886-1961","Arnold, Thomas Jackson.","Atkinson, Geo. W. (George Wesley), 1845-1925","Bennett, Jonathan McCally, 1816-1887.","Boone, Daniel, 1734-1820","Boreman, Arthur Inghram, 1823-1896","Brown, John, 1800-1859","Camden, Mary Belt Sprigg.","Camden, Thomas Bland, 1829-1910","Cooke, John Esten, 1830-1886.","Cooper, William P.","Cox, Jacob D (Jacob Dolson), 1828-1900","Crook, George, 1828-1890","Davis, Henry Gassaway, 1823-1916","Early, Jubal Anderson, 1816-1894","Ellis, James F.","Faulkner, Charles James, 1806-1884","Freeman, Douglas Southall, 1886-1953","Gallaher, D.C.","Hall, Granville Davisson, 1837-1934","Hayes, Rutherford B., 1822-1893","Hays, Peregrine.","Hays, Samuel L.","Hill, D. H. (Daniel Harvey), 1821-1889","Hubbard, C. D. (Chester Dorman), 1814-1891","Imboden, John D. (John Daniel), 1823-1895","Jackson, George.","Jackson, J.J.","Jackson, Mary Anna, 1831-1915","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Jenkins, Albert Gallatin, 1830-1864","Kenna, John Edward, 1848-1893","Letcher, John, 1813-1884","Levi, Mordecai.","Lightburn, Joseph Andrew Jackson, 1824-1901.","MacCorkle, William Alexander, 1857-1930","Mastin, John A.","McCausland, John, 1836-1927","McClellan, George B. (George Brinton), 1826-1885","McFarland, James C.","McKinley, William, 1843-1901","Mosby, John Singleton, 1833-1916","Pierpont, Francis Harrison, 1814-1899","Scott, Nathan Bay, 1842-1924","Volck, Adalbert John, 1828-1912","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Withers, Alexander Scott, 1792-1865","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 1561","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6199"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Roy Bird Cook (1886-1961), Collector, Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Roy Bird Cook (1886-1961), Collector, Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Roy Bird Cook (1886-1961), Collector, Papers"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Charleston (W. Va.)","Gilmer County (W. Va.)","Kanawha County (W. Va.)","Kanawha River Valley (W. Va.)","Lewis County (W. Va.)","Ohio River Valley -- History","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Military life","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Veterans","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","West Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","West Virginia -- Politics and government -- 1861-1865"],"geogname_ssim":["Charleston (W. Va.)","Gilmer County (W. Va.)","Kanawha County (W. Va.)","Kanawha River Valley (W. Va.)","Lewis County (W. Va.)","Ohio River Valley -- History","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Military life","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Veterans","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","West Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","West Virginia -- Politics and government -- 1861-1865"],"creator_ssm":["Cook, Roy Bird, 1886-1961"],"creator_ssim":["Cook, Roy Bird, 1886-1961"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Cook, Roy Bird, 1886-1961"],"creators_ssim":["Cook, Roy Bird, 1886-1961"],"places_ssim":["Charleston (W. Va.)","Gilmer County (W. Va.)","Kanawha County (W. Va.)","Kanawha River Valley (W. Va.)","Lewis County (W. Va.)","Ohio River Valley -- History","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Military life","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Veterans","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","West Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","West Virginia -- Politics and government -- 1861-1865"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Academies and Institutes.","Accounting","Bridges -- West Virginia","Fortification -- West Virginia","Genealogy","Pharmacy -- History","Philippi, Battle of, Philippi, W. Va., 1861","Railroads -- West Virginia","Rivers -- West Virginia","Roads -- West Virginia","Salt industry and trade - West Virginia.","Schools","Slavery -- West Virginia","Steamboats","Toll roads  -- West Virginia","Valleys -- West Virginia","West Virginia - Church history.","Women's history -- 1800-1849","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- 1929-1950","Women's history -- 1951-present","Women's history -- Pre-1800","Diaries"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Academies and Institutes.","Accounting","Bridges -- West Virginia","Fortification -- West Virginia","Genealogy","Pharmacy -- History","Philippi, Battle of, Philippi, W. Va., 1861","Railroads -- West Virginia","Rivers -- West Virginia","Roads -- West Virginia","Salt industry and trade - West Virginia.","Schools","Slavery -- West Virginia","Steamboats","Toll roads  -- West Virginia","Valleys -- West Virginia","West Virginia - Church history.","Women's history -- 1800-1849","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- 1929-1950","Women's history -- 1951-present","Women's history -- Pre-1800","Diaries"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["20.6 Linear Feet 20 ft. 7 in. (33 document cases, 5 in. each); (12 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (2 small flat storage boxes, 3 in. each); (1 medium flat storage box, 1 1/2 in.); (3 large flat storage boxes, 3 in. each); (3 large flat storage boxes, 1 1/2 in. each); (10 oversize folders, 1 in.); (2 record cartons, 15 in. each)"],"extent_tesim":["20.6 Linear Feet 20 ft. 7 in. (33 document cases, 5 in. each); (12 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (2 small flat storage boxes, 3 in. each); (1 medium flat storage box, 1 1/2 in.); (3 large flat storage boxes, 3 in. each); (3 large flat storage boxes, 1 1/2 in. each); (10 oversize folders, 1 in.); (2 record cartons, 15 in. each)"],"genreform_ssim":["Diaries"],"date_range_isim":[1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc."],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["List of Bound Notebooks in Series 8:","Notebook 1 - Civil War Diary of James F. Ellis, Corporal, Company B, 15th (West) Virginia - Box 16 \nNotebook 2 - Jackson Letters - Box 16 \nNotebook 2A-K - Thomas J. (Stonewall) Jackson Papers, volumes 1-11 - Boxes 16-20 \nNotebook 3 - Index to 1st-2nd-3rd Biennial Reports, Dept. of Archives and History, 1906-1911 - Box 20 \nNotebook 4 - Douglas Freeman, Historian - Box 20 \nNotebook 5A - Kanawha County Court Records, 1788-1803 (contains typescript transcriptions) - Box 20 \nNotebook 5B - Kanawha County Court Records, 1825-1831 (contains typescript transcriptions) - Box 21 \nNotebook 6 - Fitzhugh (bio of Judge Nicholas Fitzhugh and diary of Henrietta Fitzhugh Barr) - Box 21 \nNotebook 7 - Thomas Jackson Arnold Letters (includes letters from TJA to Roy Bird Cook) - Box 21 \nNotebook 8 - Granville Davisson Hall Papers - Box 21 \nNotebook 9 - Jackson Papers (includes many items once held by Mrs. Jackson) - Box 22 \nNotebook 10 - Weston Newspapers (includes material from 1800s) - Box 22 \nNotebook 11 - Bennett Papers (re J.M. Bennett and the Bennett family; see also Notebook 44) - Box 22 \nNotebook 12 - Pioneer Sketches of Lewis County (By Roy Bird Cook) - Box 22 \nNotebook 13 - Jackson's Mill (contains thesis 'The Pioneer State 4-H Camp: Jackson's Mill') - Box 23 \nNotebook 14 - B\u0026O Railroad (extracts from dissertation re B\u0026O in the Civil War by Festus Summers) - Box 23 \nNotebook 15 - Lewis County (historical sketches by Robert L. Bland of 'The Weston Democrat' ca. 1920) - Box 23 \nNotebook 16 - Oliver Letters (contains newspaper column re history of Weston, 1892) - Box 23 \nNotebook 17 - Vandalia (contains typescript re the Ohio Land Company and George Washington) - Box 23 \nNotebook 18 - Narrative of Colonel John Stuart of Greenbrier, 1798 (incl. info. on Indian wars) - Box 23 \nNotebook 19 - A.J. Volck Confederate Sketches - see Series 13 \nNotebook 20 - West Virginia Index (incl. material related to work of Commission on Historic Markers) - Box 23 \nNotebook 21 - West Virginia Review Index (incl. list of articles by RBC, and TOC for 1923-1942) - Box 24 \nNotebook 22 - Charleston Typescripts (regarding local history) - Box 24 \nNotebook 23 - Stonewall Jackson Pamphlets, number 1 - Box 25 \nNotebook 24 - Stonewall Jackson Pamphlets, number 2 - Box 25 \nNotebook 25 - General Albert Jenkins, Confederate States Army (incl. biographical information) - Box 25 \nNotebook 26 - Civil War I (mostly typescripts re various topics connected to the Civil War) - Box 26 \nNotebook 27 - Civil War II - Box 26 \nNotebook 28 - Civil War III - Box 27 \nNotebook 29 - 'West Virginia' by Colonel Robert White (part of volume 2 of a series) - Box 27 \nNotebook 30 - Mason Mathews Collection (notebook pp. 1-19; transcription of Civil War letters) - Box 27 \nNotebook 30 - Alkire Collection (pp. 20-49; trans. of Civil War scrapbooks made by Marcia Phillips) - Box 27 \nNotebook 30 - Diary of Henry F. Westfall (pp. 50-92; incl. typescript copy of Civil War diary) - Box 27 \nNotebook 31 - Young Family Civil War Papers - Box 27 \nNotebook 32 - Stonewall Jackson (includes mostly articles about Stonewall Jackson) - Box 28 \nNotebook 33 - Civil War, No. 3 - Box 28 \nNotebook 34 - Civil War, No. 4 - Box 28 \nNotebook 35 - Civil War, No. 5 - Box 28 \nNotebook 36 - Civil War, No. 6 - Box 29 \nNotebook 37 - Stonewall Jackson (includes articles and pamphlets regarding T.J. Jackson) - Box 29 \nNotebook 38 - Stonewall Jackson (includes articles and pamphlets regarding T.J. Jackson) - Box 29 \nNotebook 38A - Stonewall Jackson (includes articles and pamphlets regarding T.J. Jackson) - Box 29 \nNotebook 39 - Stonewall Jackson (includes articles and pamphlets regarding T.J. Jackson) - Box 30 \nNotebook 40 - Civil War--Camden (contains Civil War recollections by Thomas B. Camden) - Box 30 \nNotebook 41 - Johnson Newlon Camden - Box 31 \nNotebook 42 - Camden-Newlon-Sprigg-Williams Papers (genealogies) - Box 31 \nNotebook 43 - Camden Papers - Box 31 \nNotebook 44 - Bennett Papers (thesis re Civil War, VA Politics, and J. Bennett; see Notebk. 11) - Box 32 \nNotebook 45 - West Virginia Sketch Book I (contains historical sketches, etc.; includes TOC) - Box 32 \nNotebook 46 - West Virginia Sketch Book II (contains historical sketches, etc.; includes TOC) - Box 32 \nNotebook 47 - West Virginia Sketch Book III (contains historical sketches, etc.; includes TOC) - Box 33 \nNotebook 48 - Ruffner Kanawha Valley Scrap Book - Box 33 \nNotebook 49 - Romance of the Kanawha (scrapbook contains maps, clippings, letters, etc.) - Box 33 \nNotebook 50 - Daniel Boone--Early Kanawha Valley (material re D. Boone and General A. Lewis) - Box 34 \nNotebook 51 - Lewis County Sketch Book I - Box 34 \nNotebook 52 - Lewis County Sketch Book II - Box 34 \nNotebook 53 - Weston--Lewis County (scrapbook includes mostly newspaper clippings) - Box 35 \nNotebook 54 - Blennerhassett - Box 35 \nNotebook 55 - Hamilton-Holt-Byrne-Newlon - Box 35 \nNotebook 56 - Colonel George Jackson and Family - Box 35 \nNotebook 57 - Washington Papers (includes copies of maps of land owned by GW) - Box 36 \nNotebook 58 - Washington Papers - Box 36 \nNotebook 59 - Washington Papers (includes material regarding Fort Dearborn) - Box 36 \nNotebook 60 - Cooke Papers (includes many articles written by John Esten Cooke) - Box 37 \nNotebook 61 - Washington Papers - Box 37 \nNotebook 62 - Washington Papers - Box 38 \nNotebook 63 - Washington Papers - Box 38 \nNotebook 64 - Washington Papers - Box 38 \nNotebook 65 - West Virginia Archaeology - Box 38 \nNotebook 66 - 'Wood County Formation' by Alvaro F. Gibbens - Box 39 \nNotebook 67A - Jackson VMI (contains Board of Visitors report, July 1863) - Box 39 \nNotebook 67 - Cook-Bird-Hull-Conrad Papers - Box 39 \nNotebook 68 - Kanawha County - Box 40 \nNotebook 69 - Hardesty's Lewis County (incl. Lewis, Barbour, and Upshur Counties) - Box 40 \nNotebook 70 - Alexander Scott Withers (author of 'Chronicles of Border Warfare') - Box 40"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eRoy Bird Cook\u003c/emph\u003e (April 1, 1886 - November 21, 1961) was born in Lewis County, near Roanoke, WV. Cook was a pharmacist and prominent West Virginia historian. Cook wrote several books on the history of Lewis County and biographies of Stonewall Jackson and Alexander Scott Withers, and contributed historical articles to a wide variety of publications. He also collected Civil War and early West Virginia documents and memorabilia. More biographical information on Mr. Cook is available in the \"Records of the 31st Virginia Infantry Regiment, C.S.A.\" (see link in Instances).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThe 31st Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment\u003c/emph\u003e was formed in the early weeks of the Civil War when Confederate General Robert E. Lee ordered the recruitment of troops to protect railroad lines running through western Virginia's northern counties. On May 4, Lee appointed Colonel George Porterfield to assume command of these forces, which were being raised primarily in Taylor, Marion, Harrison, Monongalia, and Barbour Counties. In the next few weeks, these new recruits found themselves in the war's first arena, a tactical struggle for control of the Confederacy's northwestern flank--the hills, rails, and rivers of what would soon become the nation's 35th state, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eComposed of some of the war's earliest recruits, the 31st Virginia Infantry would see action under General Garnett, William L. \"Mudwall\" Jackson, Jones and Imboden, Stonewall Jackson, Jubal Early, and many more legendary Confederate commanders, at battles including Corrick's Ford, Cross Keys, Cold Harbor, Gettysburg, New Market, and others. Approximately 57 of the 850 men who joined the regiment in 1861 witnessed Lee's surrender at Appomattox on April 9, 1865.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA detailed history of the 31st Virginia by James Dell Cooke is available online (see link in Instances).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResearchers are also referred to John M. Ashcraft's '31st Virginia Infantry' (Lynchburg, Va.: H.E. Howard, 1988).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eGranville Davisson Hall\u003c/emph\u003e (September 17, 1837 - June 24, 1934) worked for the Wheeling 'Intelligencer' as a reporter and editor. He also recorded the proceedings of the Wheeling Conventions, which led to the creation of the state of West Virginia. His notes were later published as 'The Rending of Virginia.' Hall also served as secretary to Governor Francis H. Pierpont when the Reorganized Government of Virginia was set up by the Second Wheeling Convention in 1861. In the new state government, Hall was elected the first clerk of the House of Delegates on June 20, 1863. In 1865, he was elected Secretary of State and also served as private secretary to West Virginia's first governor, Arthur I. Boreman. After the Civil War, Hall held several positions in the railroad industry.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCongressman and Confederate General \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eAlbert Gallatin Jenkins\u003c/emph\u003e (November 10, 1830 - May 21, 1864) was born at Green Bottom, Cabell County. He practiced law in (West) Virginia and served in the U.S. Congress from 1857 to 1861. At the beginning of the Civil War, he enlisted recruits for a Virginia unit called the Border Rangers and was elected their captain. In August of 1861, he formed the 8th Virginia Cavalry and became its colonel. In early 1862, Jenkins was elected to the First Confederate Congress. In August of 1862, he was appointed brigadier general. He went on to command a battalion of cavalry at the Battle of Gettysburg. Jenkins died of wounds he received at the Battle of Cloyd's Mountain. Jenkins' Green Bottom plantation house, maintained as an historic site by the West Virginia Division of Culture and History, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eJonathan McCally Bennett\u003c/emph\u003e (October 4, 1816 - October 28, 1887) was born in Lewis County, (West) Virginia. He married Margaret Elizabeth Jackson, daughter of Captain George W. Jackson, cousin of Stonewall Jackson. Bennett was law partner of Gideon D. Camden, and in 1846 became the first Mayor of Weston. He served as a member of the General Assembly in 1852-1853, was president of the Exchange Bank of Virginia at Weston in 1853, served as First Auditor of Virginia from 1857 to 1865, and served on the West Virginia Senate from 1872 to 1876. During the Civil War, he sided with the Confederacy. For additional collections related to J.M. Bennett and the Bennett family, see also A\u0026amp;M 32, 35, 572, and others.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Roy Bird Cook  (April 1, 1886 - November 21, 1961) was born in Lewis County, near Roanoke, WV. Cook was a pharmacist and prominent West Virginia historian. Cook wrote several books on the history of Lewis County and biographies of Stonewall Jackson and Alexander Scott Withers, and contributed historical articles to a wide variety of publications. He also collected Civil War and early West Virginia documents and memorabilia. More biographical information on Mr. Cook is available in the \"Records of the 31st Virginia Infantry Regiment, C.S.A.\" (see link in Instances).","The 31st Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment  was formed in the early weeks of the Civil War when Confederate General Robert E. Lee ordered the recruitment of troops to protect railroad lines running through western Virginia's northern counties. On May 4, Lee appointed Colonel George Porterfield to assume command of these forces, which were being raised primarily in Taylor, Marion, Harrison, Monongalia, and Barbour Counties. In the next few weeks, these new recruits found themselves in the war's first arena, a tactical struggle for control of the Confederacy's northwestern flank--the hills, rails, and rivers of what would soon become the nation's 35th state, West Virginia.","Composed of some of the war's earliest recruits, the 31st Virginia Infantry would see action under General Garnett, William L. \"Mudwall\" Jackson, Jones and Imboden, Stonewall Jackson, Jubal Early, and many more legendary Confederate commanders, at battles including Corrick's Ford, Cross Keys, Cold Harbor, Gettysburg, New Market, and others. Approximately 57 of the 850 men who joined the regiment in 1861 witnessed Lee's surrender at Appomattox on April 9, 1865.","A detailed history of the 31st Virginia by James Dell Cooke is available online (see link in Instances).","Researchers are also referred to John M. Ashcraft's '31st Virginia Infantry' (Lynchburg, Va.: H.E. Howard, 1988).","Granville Davisson Hall  (September 17, 1837 - June 24, 1934) worked for the Wheeling 'Intelligencer' as a reporter and editor. He also recorded the proceedings of the Wheeling Conventions, which led to the creation of the state of West Virginia. His notes were later published as 'The Rending of Virginia.' Hall also served as secretary to Governor Francis H. Pierpont when the Reorganized Government of Virginia was set up by the Second Wheeling Convention in 1861. In the new state government, Hall was elected the first clerk of the House of Delegates on June 20, 1863. In 1865, he was elected Secretary of State and also served as private secretary to West Virginia's first governor, Arthur I. Boreman. After the Civil War, Hall held several positions in the railroad industry.","Congressman and Confederate General  Albert Gallatin Jenkins  (November 10, 1830 - May 21, 1864) was born at Green Bottom, Cabell County. He practiced law in (West) Virginia and served in the U.S. Congress from 1857 to 1861. At the beginning of the Civil War, he enlisted recruits for a Virginia unit called the Border Rangers and was elected their captain. In August of 1861, he formed the 8th Virginia Cavalry and became its colonel. In early 1862, Jenkins was elected to the First Confederate Congress. In August of 1862, he was appointed brigadier general. He went on to command a battalion of cavalry at the Battle of Gettysburg. Jenkins died of wounds he received at the Battle of Cloyd's Mountain. Jenkins' Green Bottom plantation house, maintained as an historic site by the West Virginia Division of Culture and History, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.","Jonathan McCally Bennett  (October 4, 1816 - October 28, 1887) was born in Lewis County, (West) Virginia. He married Margaret Elizabeth Jackson, daughter of Captain George W. Jackson, cousin of Stonewall Jackson. Bennett was law partner of Gideon D. Camden, and in 1846 became the first Mayor of Weston. He served as a member of the General Assembly in 1852-1853, was president of the Exchange Bank of Virginia at Weston in 1853, served as First Auditor of Virginia from 1857 to 1865, and served on the West Virginia Senate from 1872 to 1876. During the Civil War, he sided with the Confederacy. For additional collections related to J.M. Bennett and the Bennett family, see also A\u0026M 32, 35, 572, and others."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Roy Bird Cook (1886-1961), Collector, Papers, A\u0026amp;M 1561, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Roy Bird Cook (1886-1961), Collector, Papers, A\u0026M 1561, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e81, 858, 895, 1309, 1379, 1528, 1561\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["81, 858, 895, 1309, 1379, 1528, 1561"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers collected by Roy Bird Cook, a Lewis County native and Charleston pharmacist, who in his role as historian, researcher, and author, was a pioneering and effective advocate for the preservation of West Virginia history. This collection includes the papers he collected in connection with his research, including documentation of the Civil War in West Virginia, Stonewall Jackson and his family, and genealogy of North Central West Virginia, among other topics.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaterials include letters and papers of the Hays family, including Samuel L. and Peregrine Hays of Gilmer County (1836-1884, 1952-1962, undated [includes facsimiles]); records of the Confederate 31st Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment, and later correspondence, clippings, and papers about the regiment and its members (ca. 1856-1955, undated [includes facsimiles]); correspondence, photographs, and scrapbook-style notebooks of Roy Bird Cook (1896-1961, undated [includes facsimiles]); various collections of individual and family papers and Civil War correspondence (1793-1974, undated [includes facsimiles]); original and copies of Stonewall Jackson letters and papers, as well as papers pertaining to Jackson family members (1801-1963, undated [includes facsimiles]) (the original letter by T.J. Jackson has been separated to A\u0026amp;M 435); and materials related to the history of pharmacy and medicine, with a special focus on West Virginia (ca. 1832-1961, undated [includes facsimiles]).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is also an extensive series of bound notebooks containing manuscripts, transcriptions, clippings, genealogies, pamphlets, and images regarding the following topics: Stonewall Jackson, Mary Anna Morrison Jackson, Colonel George Jackson, and Thomas Jackson Arnold; the Civil War, including historical sketches of battles as well as originals and copies of soldiers' diaries, journals, and letters; Lewis County; Charleston and the Kanawha Valley; Douglas S. Freeman; Granville Davisson Hall; Camden family; George Washington; and other topics.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePlease note: Additional processing took place in spring and summer 2012. Box and folder numbers from previous citations may no longer be accurate.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1. Hays Family Papers; 1836-1884, 1952-1962, undated (includes facsimiles); box 1.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2. Records of the 31st Virginia Infantry; ca. 1856-1955, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 2-3.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries 3. Roy Bird Cook Personal Papers; 1896-1961, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 4-5.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4. Miscellaneous History; 1783-1961, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 6-7b.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5. Individual, Family, and Civil War History Papers; 1793-1974, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 8-9.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6. Thomas J. (Stonewall) Jackson Papers; 1801-1963, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 10-14c.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7. Historical Articles and Other Printed Papers; 1928-1962, undated (includes facsimiles); box 15.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 8. Bound Notebooks; 1679-1984, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 16-40.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 9. Miscellaneous; ca. 1850-1866, 1909-1958, undated; box 41, folders 1-4.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 10. History of Pharmacy and the West Virginia Pharmaceutical Association; ca. 1832-1961, undated (includes facsimiles); box 41, folder 5 - box 42, folder 3 (includes unfoldered material).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 11. West Virginia Medical History and Biography; 1870-1911, 1936-1958, undated (includes facsimiles); box 42, folders 4-7.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 12. American Pharmaceutical Association; 1868, 1939-1961, undated; box 43.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 13. A.J. Volck Confederate Sketches; ca. 1880, 1915-1954, 2012, undated (includes facsimiles); box 44.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 14. Glass Plate Negatives; undated; box 45.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 15. Oversize Material; 1774-1964, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 46-52 and map cabinet 1, drawer 19.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes correspondence, business papers, and biographical notes of Samuel L. Hays, his son Peregrine, and the Hays family of Gilmer County. Subjects include: the formation of Gilmer, Calhoun, Roane, and Upshur Counties; the Virginia Constitutional Convention of 1850; \"Stonewall\" Jackson's boyhood; early frontier conditions in the Wisconsin Territory; immigration, farming, milling, and land speculation in Minnesota, 1857-1870; Charleston and Braxton turnpike; slave sales; Early's Shenandoah Valley campaign of 1864; conditions in Richmond during the Civil War pertaining to livestock, tobacco, and cotton trade; the West Virginia Capitol question, 1877; and the Senatorial contest, 1876. Correspondents include J.M. Bennett, Louis Bennett, John Brannon, Gideon Camden, J.N. Camden, William P. Cooper, H. G. Davis, John J. Davis, Spencer Dayton, John S. Hoffman, William L. Jackson, John E. Kenna, Theodore Lang, and George W. Silcott. [note: not all of the subjects and personal names listed for series 1 were verified during reprocessing]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes military records pertaining to the 31st Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment of the Confederate States Army. Military records include personnel papers (regarding death, desertion, and discharge), financial papers (receipts, inventories, etc.), judicial materials (charges and courts martial), correspondence, orders, a company book, muster rolls, etc. The series also includes maps, clippings, photographs, research correspondence, manuscript and typescript writings pertaining to the 31st Virginia Infantry of the Confederate States Army, and the correspondence and papers of D.C. Gallaher. D.C. Gallaher collected some of this material on the 31st regiment, which later came into the hands of Roy Bird Cook. For additional D.C. Gallaher material, see also Series 8, Bound Notebooks 26-28, Civil War I-III.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Military correspondence and orders include letters from J.M. Bennett, G. D. Camden Jr. and Sr., W.P. Cooper, John W. Daniel, Cyrus Hall, John S. Hoffman, A.H. Jackson, William L. Jackson, and William Smith. Additional correspondence includes letters to Roy Bird Cook pertaining to the regiment. Military orders are from the Army of Northern Virginia, the Army of Northwestern Virginia, Early's Division, and the 31st Virginia Infantry. Typescript writings include material related to soldiers and Civil War activities in Pocahontas, Upshur, and Lewis Counties; \"A History of the Thirty-First Virginia Regiment Volunteers C.S.A.\" by James Dell Cooke of WVU (1955); copies of W.P. [William Pope] Cooper diaries, letters, etc.; and \"Material Pertaining to Civil War Soldiers [Most of Whom Fought in the 31st Regiment, Virginia Infantry]\" (ca. 1926-1940).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Please note, typescript copies of some of the original material in box 2, folders 1-9 can be found in box 3, folders 10-14.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e For additional records of the 31st Virginia Infantry, see also: Series 15, Oversize Material -- 31st Virginia Infantry, boxes 49-51; and A\u0026amp;M 1528 Series 6, Military Records, and Series 9, Oversized.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes correspondence (box 4) and personal papers of Roy Bird Cook (box 5).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Correspondence includes mainly incoming invitations, letters, photo postcards, clippings, etc. Topics include: T.J. (Stonewall) Jackson; comments on several books (including 'Lee the American' by Gamaliel Bradford, 'Lewis County in the Civil War' by Cook, and 'They Called Him Stonewall' by Burke Davis); various areas of West Virginia history; family histories (notably of the Peterson and Rhea families); Civil War participants (e.g. General Jubal A. Early); the Civil War Round Table, Incorporated; the Jackson House (in letters from Isabel Arnold); Ann Bailey; George Washington's Ohio River trip; an exploration by James Patton; material on Fred Fousse, a Civil War illustrator; and biographical material on Roy Bird Cook.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Correspondents include: Thomas Perkins Abernathy (Corcoran School of History, University of Virginia), Holmes M. Alexander, Isabel Arnold (descendent of Stonewall Jackson's sister Laura, who married an Arnold), Thomas J. Arnold, John Bakeless, Albert J. Beveridge, Edward Bok, Alva J.C. Bond (Dean Emeritus, School of Theology, Alfred University), Gamaliel Bradford, Senator Harry F. Byrd, Lenoir Chambers, Dr. Earl L. Core, Burke Davis, Ruth Woods Dayton, H.A. DuPont, Douglas Southall Freeman, Granville Davisson Hall, Dr. Matthew S. Holt (father of Rush D. Holt), Jay W. Johns (President, Stonewall Jackson Memorial, Incorporated), Harnett T. Kane, John A. Klein (Adjutant General of the United States), Dr. O.D. Lambert, Foreman M. Lebold, Eli Lilly, Henry T. McDonald (President, Storer College), Clarence W. Meadows (former Governor), Meade Minnigerode, Judge Ben Moore, Oren F. Morton, Drew Pearson, Mrs. Randolph (Julia J.) Preston (Stonewall Jackson's granddaughter), Frederick F. Seely (Department of English, Allegheny College), Lawrence Sherwood, Kenneth Stuart (Art Editor, 'The Saturday Evening Post'), Boyd B. Stutler, Allen Tate, Albert Payson Terhune, Cecil H. Underwood, and John W. Wayland.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Personal papers include photographs of Cook and scrapbook-style notebooks containing correspondence, printed materials, and ephemera from Cook's life. Topics include Cook's time in school, American Pharmaceutical Association meetings, Cook's honorary LL.D. awarded by West Virginia University, his Kiwanis Personal Achievement Award, and an attempted burglary at his home.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Additional correspondence to and from Cook, writings by Cook, etc. can be found throughout the collection. For Cook family genealogy and other Cook material, see Series 8, Bound Notebook 67, Cook-Bird-Hull-Conrad Papers, and Series 15, Oversize Material.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes manuscript originals and facsimiles, newspaper and magazine clippings, typescripts, and printed items regarding Charleston and Kanawha County, West Virginia businesses, Geary Securities Company (see also Series 15, Oversize Material), book reviews and excerpts, West Virginia elections, the West Virginia Capitol and capital city, and the history of West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e For material that was separated from this series, see Series 15, Oversize Material, box 47, folders 3 and 8.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes original and facsimile clippings on: the Trans-Allegheny Lunatic Asylum, Weston; Cherry River Boom and Lumber Company Mill at Richwood; horse-powered boat \"Adventurer\" built at Coatsmouth [Coalsmouth?] in 1840s; facsimile, top of page 1, Parkersburg's West Virginia Walking Beam, vol. 2, no. 13 [October 9, 1880]; old grist mills; \"The Story of Salt,\" illustrated; Gatts Mound [at Cresap]; covered bridges; Hinkle Fort, Pendleton County, illustrated; the Mercer Grant, Mason County; Bailey's Hotel, Weston; early history of the 'Weston Democrat'; Harman Blennerhassett naturalization papers, Wood County court records; Blennerhassett episode--depositions of John Graham and Alex. Henderson, also J. Graham letter to Henderson; the Philippi Bar of the 1880s; doubts about Morgan, first white settler in West Virginia; Teays River; Spanish War Vets Convention, Weston; erosion, Canaan Valley and Blackwater Falls, illustrated; the Greenbrier Hotel in 1908; Fairfax survey map and Lower Shenandoah Valley Settlement; Selby House, Shepherdstown; Claudius Crozet; delegates to Commercial Convention in Memphis; list of U.S. Navy ships with West Virginia names; Old Richards Fort, Harrison County; John L. Cole; George Rogers Clark; etc.;\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes individual and family papers (manuscript and typescript letters, clippings, images, etc.) of West Virginians; manuscript and typescript letters, clippings, commissions, etc. regarding the Civil War, West Virginia politics, and other topics; a manuscript roll book of a Confederate sergeant (1862); and two manuscript Civil War diaries (Confederate diary: 1864; Union diary: 1864-1865).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The individual and family papers include material related to the Barney, Bennett, Boyle, Cook, Jackson, Broun, Burner, Camden, Keister, McCausland, Quarrier, Laidley, Ruffner, Tavenner, Tompkins, and O'Neill families, among others; and material related to Mordecai Levi, J.A.J. Lightburn, James C. McFarland, Major T.P. Moore, John Morgan, Francis H. Pierpont, Adam See, Colonel William C. Tavenner, William Tompkins, and Robert E. Lee, among others. Topics of the family and individual papers include family matters, genealogy, business, and the Civil War. Mordecai Levi (1835-1914) invented the first method of brick paving in the U.S. and was an early paver of Charleston, WV. His papers include facsimile and original typescripts and correspondence, official documents, clippings, and other material [1871-1890, 1914-1974, undated].\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Correspondence (mostly original letters) regarding the Civil War, West Virginia politics, and other letters includes the following correspondents, among others: John Echols, William McKinley, Rutherford B. Hayes, George McClellan, Harman Blennerhassett, Lawrence A. Washington, Louis Philippe (King of France), Joseph Johnson (Governor of Virginia), and John Letcher (Governor of Virginia), among others. Original letters from McKinley, Hayes, McClellan, Louis Philippe, and Theodore Roosevelt have been separated to A\u0026amp;M 435.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes facsimiles of biographic and genealogical clippings on: John Henry and writing of the ballad; Judge Ben Wheeler Moore; Lydia Boggs [Shepherd] Cruger/Kruger [also includes typescript]; John Henry Shaw; J.E. Hanger; Caroline Beeghley; Captain Jackson Everson [Apperson]; William Henry Tappey Squires; [Josias] Hanson Link [family] [includes Captain Leib's description of Clarksburg during Civil War period]; Colonel Benjamin J. Wilson; Donnally family; Clendennin family; Huddleston family; Herold family; White family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes facsimiles of biographic and genealogical clippings on: Willa Hood Strickler [first female pharmacist in the state]; Prof. Milton W. Humphreys; S.B. Elkins; Boyd Stutler; Hu Maxwell; Nathan Goff Jr.; Renick family and Calvin Brown Renick; John Champe; General Hugh Mercer; and Francis Marion Franklin Smith [typescript]. Also includes miscellaneous topics, such as: West Virginia newspaper editors and publications; reburial of Chief Cornstalk's remains; Jama Shamoon, Fairmont resident in camp of Pancho Villa; road from Monterey to Pocahontas County, 1781-1782; Robert Crain and Margaret Bennett, daughter of Judge W.G. Bennett, wedding in Weston; campaign ribbon, W.G. Bennett for Governor; and Mrs. Lewis Bennett's donation of uniform, medals, etc. of her son, Lieutenant Lewis B. Jr., to the National Museum in Washington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains clippings on various subjects, including: General Cox's message to the people of Charleston, General Orders, No. 8, Headquarters, District of the Kanawha, Elk River, July 25, 1861; Scary Creek battlefield [includes map]; Confederate money in Stockholm, Sweden; Capture of Steamboat \"Levi\" [General Eliakim P. Scammon], illustrated; Hawk's Nest incident [1862]; Kanawha Valley [includes map, photo of General Wise, copy of 1861 broadside \"Men of Virginia! Men of the Kanawha! To Arms!\"]; Lightburn's Retreat, Kanawha Valley 1862, illustrated; occupation of Charleston by Union Troops in 1861; \"Fort Hill\" Charleston, illustrated; Colonel George S. Patton and the \"Kanawha Riflemen,\" illustrated; \"The Dixie Rifles,\" Beuhring H. Jones, and the burning of Gauley Bridge, illustrated; Duskey's Raid on Ripley, illustrated; Wise's retreat from the Kanawha [includes map, illustrated].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes clippings on various subjects, such as: Hart residence and Rich Mountain battlefield, illustrated; monument to Gus Bailey of Fayette County; West Virginia's Generals in Gray, illustrated; Clarksburg, 1861, illustrated; role of the 'Wheeling Intelligencer' in the birth of West Virginia; Isaac J. Settle's Diary; preparing for action on the Kanawha, illustrated; Old Jack and Old Jube; list of issues of 'The Confederate Veteran' that have a West Virginia interest history of Company B, 14th West Virginia Infantry; \"Winchester, Va., September 19, 1864\" painting; etc. Also includes stamps and an envelope regarding the Centennial of the Philippi Covered Bridge in 1952.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiary describes: marches and engagements in Virginia, Maryland, and West Virginia [including Greenbrier, Berkeley, and Jefferson County]; casualties and ordnance losses in various engagements; towns on route of march; desertions from the company; and reports of the movement and engagements of other units [Confederate and Union] [May 6, 1864-October 11, 1864]. Engagement sites include: Winchester and Fisher's Hill, 1st Brigadier General Breckenridge's Division, September 19 and 22; New Market, May 15, Confederate General John C. Breckenridge, Union General Seigle [sic: Sigel]; east of Atlee's Station, May 29-31 and June 1; Chickhominey River, Coal Harbor, June 2-3; near Lynchburg, June 18; near Salem, June 21; Frederick City, MD, July 9; between Purcellville and Snickerville, July 16; on the Shenandoah near Snicker's Gap, July 18; near Kerntown, July 24; near Charles Town, August 21; Berryville Road, September 4; near Winchester, September 19; Brown's Gap Road, September 26 [all 1864]. Martinsburg entries: July 4, 26, 27, 28-30, and August 7, 1864; Charlestown August 23, 1864. Last pages of diary list towns and countries traveled through, and distance traveled from May 6 - August 31, 1864.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiary includes: descriptions of various engagements and maneuvers preceding Ellis' capture at Cedar Creek; names of men serving with Ellis who were wounded, discharged, deserters, etc.; description of living conditions at Camp Salisbury, NC; number of Federal prisoners joining the Confederate Army; number of deaths; and rations received. West Virginia counties in which the regiment saw action: Greenbrier, Mineral, Monroe, Berkeley, Jefferson, Morgan, Kanawha, Fayette, Raleigh, and Mercer. Ellis' location as mentioned in various entries in 1864: Ridgeville [Mineral County?], Hancock [MD?], \"Rebs reported at Peterson's Creek\" [Pattersons Creek, Mineral County?] on February 2; fight at New Creek [Mineral County] on February 3; \"Alpine Depot, Morgan Co. [Morgan County] West Virginia\" on April 1; other April entries mention Clarksburg, Parkersburg, Ravenswood, Pomeroy [OH], Charleston; Camp Piatt [?] Kanawha County on April 26; May entries mention Fayette County, Raleigh County, and Mercer County [captured Fort Breckenridge at Princeton, May 6]; Monroe County on May 13; New River on May 10; Lewisburg on May 22; White Sulphur Springs on June 2; Fayette County on June 20; Camp Piatt on July 1; Clarksburg on July 9; Piedmont on July 10; Martinsburg on July 11; Harpers Ferry on July 15; Libby Prison on November 1; Salisbury, NC on November 4. For a typescript copy of the diary, see also Series 8, Bound Notebooks, box 16, Notebook 1.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes correspondence, military orders, battle reports, legal documents, clippings, typescripts, print material, ephemera, photographs, and other material. Topics include T.J. Jackson's military service, his time as constable of Lewis County, his entrance into West Point, his application for position on the faculty of University of Virginia, the Jackson and Arnold families, memorial busts and statues of Jackson, Jackson biographies, etc.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Also includes personal belongings of Jackson and associated memorabilia, such as Stonewall Jackson souvenir or commemorative coins and medals, and hair from the tail of Jackson's horse, Old Sorrel.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Also includes letters, pension documents, clippings, and financial statements of Mary Anna Jackson, T.J. Jackson's wife. Topics include family life and books written by Mrs. Jackson about her daughter and her husband.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e For additional memorabilia, sheet music, newspapers, and images related to T.J. Jackson, see Series 14, Glass Plate Negatives, and Series 15, Oversize Material. For other Jackson materials, see also Series 8, Bound Notebooks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes unbound pamphlets and reprints of articles, as well as articles written by Roy Bird Cook. Topics include the history of Virginia and West Virginia, and the Civil War, among others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes typescripts, correspondence, clippings, genealogies, maps, ephemera, pamphlets, articles, photographs, and other material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Prominent subjects include T.J. Jackson and his family, and the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Material about T.J. Jackson includes articles and pamphlets about his life and military service; letters to, from, and about him; court records and legal documents regarding Jackson and his family; images of Jackson, Jackson's Mill, Jackson statues and memorials; reviews of books written about him, including Cook's 'The Family and Early Life of Stonewall Jackson'; and other items. Prominent Jackson family members include Mary Anna Morrison Jackson, Colonel George Jackson, and Thomas Jackson Arnold. (Notebooks prominently featuring T.J. Jackson and his family include 2, 2A-2K, 4, 7, 9, 13, 23, 24, 32, 37, 38, 38A, 39, and 56.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Civil War materials include historical sketches of battles; originals and copies of soldiers' diaries, journals, and letters; historical sketches and rosters of companies and regiments; articles and narratives about life during the Civil War; etc.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Additional subjects include genealogy, West Virginia history, prominent individuals, the Virginia Military Institute, Weston newspapers, the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, and the West Virginia Commission on Historic Markers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Genealogical subjects include the Jackson, Neale, Arnold, Camden, Newlon, Sprigg, Williams, Ruffner, Hamilton, Holt, Byrne, Cook, Bird, Hull, and Conrad families, among others (Notebooks 2D, 42, 43, 48, 55, 67, and others).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e West Virginia history subjects include Kanawha County Court records; Lewis County; Weston; Charleston; colonial and Civil War history of West Virginia; George Washington's travels and surveys in and around West Virginia; the Kanawha River, valley, and surrounding area; Blennerhassett Island; Wood County; and Parkersburg.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Prominent individuals include Andrew Jackson, Judge Nicholas Fitzhugh, Henrietta Fitzhugh Barr, Granville Davisson Hall, Jonathan McCally Bennett and the Bennett family, Colonel John Stuart, General Albert Jenkins, David Creigh, Mason Mathews, Henry F. Westfall, John Valley Young and family, Thomas Bland Camden, Johnson Newlon Camden, Daniel Boone, Harman Blennerhassett, John Esten Cooke, Colonel George Jackson, and Alexander Scott Withers, among others.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Correspondents include T.J. Jackson, members of the Bennett family, Charles W. Dabney, Douglas Southall Freeman, Thomas Jackson Arnold, Lyman C. Draper, Boyd B. Stutler, and Roy Bird Cook, among others.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e For additional materials on David Creigh, see A\u0026amp;M 2201, Preston Family Papers, Box 1.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eDescriptive System for Series 8:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The contents of the notebooks are described to the item level in the Contents List. \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n These items level descriptions are preceded with the items' genre and format in brackets.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eGenres include:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e article (from magazine or journal) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n clipping (usually from newspaper) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n ephemera \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n pamphlet \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n photo \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n typescript \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n ms [manuscript] letter \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n ts [typescript] letter \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n other\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eFormats include:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e original \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n transcription \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n copy (for photocopies and other facsimiles)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Transcriptions are dated by creation date of the transcription, not the original. \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n Copies are dated by creation date of original.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eExamples:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e [ephemera and photo; original] invitation to the dedication of the equestrian statue of Jackson and Lee in Baltimore, two tickets to the dedication, and a photo of the statue\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e [ts letters; transcription] letters regarding T.J. Jackson's appointment as a cadet at Military Academy (This record describes a set of typescript letters transcribed from originals.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e [other; copy] T.J. Jackson's appointment as Brevet Second Lieutenant (This record describes a facsimile of an official appointment document.)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes diaries, lists, clippings, and pamphlets regarding Civil War experiences, music, battles, etc.; medical practice in (West) Virginia in the 1850s; and U.S. Presidents. The typescript copies of diaries relate to the years just before, during, and after the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes typescripts, pamphlets, prescriptions, account statements, advertisements, correspondence, clippings, photographs, programs, and other material. Topics include the James H. Rogers Drug Store and other drug stores in Charleston, WV; Dr. Henry Rogers and other Charleston pharmacists; medicines of the mid to late 1800s; the 1960 meeting of the American Pharmaceutical Association; West Virginia pharmacists' World War II service; and the West Virginia Pharmaceutical Association (now known as the West Virginia Pharmacists Association).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes typescripts, pamphlets, magazine and journal articles, clippings, and correspondence regarding the history of the medical profession in West Virginia, including James Edward Hanger (first amputee soldier of the Civil War and founder of a prosthetics company), Dr. J.L. Miller (collector of medical material); and Dr. W.P. King.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes pamphlets of original and reprinted articles regarding various pharmacists and the history of pharmacy. Also included are three bound volumes of material pertaining to the National Association of Boards of Pharmacy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes correspondence, a magazine, typescripts, and clippings related to Adalbert J. Volck. Also included are copies of 29 etchings by Volck regarding Civil War topics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes six glass plate negatives of T.J. Jackson portraits and Jackson's Mill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is divided into two subseries, general material and material of the 31st Virginia Infantry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries includes memorabilia, sheet music, newspapers, and images related to T.J. Jackson, the Civil War, and Jackson's Mill. For additional T.J. Jackson material, see also Series 6, Thomas J. (Stonewall) Jackson Papers; Series 8, Bound Notebooks; and Series 14, Glass Plate Negatives.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Also included are family trees, maps, ephemera, clippings, Confederate bonds, and military records, among other material. Family trees show the genealogy of the Lee, Cook, Washington, and Cable families. Subjects of the maps include various counties in West Virginia; Civil War battles and troop movements; Charleston, WV; the Kanawha River; the Coal River; and George Washington's travels and surveys; among other subjects.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries includes semi-monthly reports; lost or destroyed property reports; captains' monthly returns; abstracts of monthly payments and stationery issued; lists of officers; payroll and clothing distribution records; descriptive lists and accounting of pay and clothing records; morning reports; and muster rolls. The bulk of the material pertains to the 31st Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment. Digitized copies of these items can be found online (see link in Instances).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSee also, Series 2, Records of the 31st Virginia Infantry.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers collected by Roy Bird Cook, a Lewis County native and Charleston pharmacist, who in his role as historian, researcher, and author, was a pioneering and effective advocate for the preservation of West Virginia history. This collection includes the papers he collected in connection with his research, including documentation of the Civil War in West Virginia, Stonewall Jackson and his family, and genealogy of North Central West Virginia, among other topics.","Materials include letters and papers of the Hays family, including Samuel L. and Peregrine Hays of Gilmer County (1836-1884, 1952-1962, undated [includes facsimiles]); records of the Confederate 31st Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment, and later correspondence, clippings, and papers about the regiment and its members (ca. 1856-1955, undated [includes facsimiles]); correspondence, photographs, and scrapbook-style notebooks of Roy Bird Cook (1896-1961, undated [includes facsimiles]); various collections of individual and family papers and Civil War correspondence (1793-1974, undated [includes facsimiles]); original and copies of Stonewall Jackson letters and papers, as well as papers pertaining to Jackson family members (1801-1963, undated [includes facsimiles]) (the original letter by T.J. Jackson has been separated to A\u0026M 435); and materials related to the history of pharmacy and medicine, with a special focus on West Virginia (ca. 1832-1961, undated [includes facsimiles]).","There is also an extensive series of bound notebooks containing manuscripts, transcriptions, clippings, genealogies, pamphlets, and images regarding the following topics: Stonewall Jackson, Mary Anna Morrison Jackson, Colonel George Jackson, and Thomas Jackson Arnold; the Civil War, including historical sketches of battles as well as originals and copies of soldiers' diaries, journals, and letters; Lewis County; Charleston and the Kanawha Valley; Douglas S. Freeman; Granville Davisson Hall; Camden family; George Washington; and other topics.","Please note: Additional processing took place in spring and summer 2012. Box and folder numbers from previous citations may no longer be accurate.","Series 1. Hays Family Papers; 1836-1884, 1952-1962, undated (includes facsimiles); box 1.","Series 2. Records of the 31st Virginia Infantry; ca. 1856-1955, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 2-3.","\nSeries 3. Roy Bird Cook Personal Papers; 1896-1961, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 4-5.","Series 4. Miscellaneous History; 1783-1961, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 6-7b.","Series 5. Individual, Family, and Civil War History Papers; 1793-1974, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 8-9.","Series 6. Thomas J. (Stonewall) Jackson Papers; 1801-1963, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 10-14c.","Series 7. Historical Articles and Other Printed Papers; 1928-1962, undated (includes facsimiles); box 15.","Series 8. Bound Notebooks; 1679-1984, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 16-40.","Series 9. Miscellaneous; ca. 1850-1866, 1909-1958, undated; box 41, folders 1-4.","Series 10. History of Pharmacy and the West Virginia Pharmaceutical Association; ca. 1832-1961, undated (includes facsimiles); box 41, folder 5 - box 42, folder 3 (includes unfoldered material).","Series 11. West Virginia Medical History and Biography; 1870-1911, 1936-1958, undated (includes facsimiles); box 42, folders 4-7.","Series 12. American Pharmaceutical Association; 1868, 1939-1961, undated; box 43.","Series 13. A.J. Volck Confederate Sketches; ca. 1880, 1915-1954, 2012, undated (includes facsimiles); box 44.","Series 14. Glass Plate Negatives; undated; box 45.","Series 15. Oversize Material; 1774-1964, undated (includes facsimiles); boxes 46-52 and map cabinet 1, drawer 19.","This series includes correspondence, business papers, and biographical notes of Samuel L. Hays, his son Peregrine, and the Hays family of Gilmer County. Subjects include: the formation of Gilmer, Calhoun, Roane, and Upshur Counties; the Virginia Constitutional Convention of 1850; \"Stonewall\" Jackson's boyhood; early frontier conditions in the Wisconsin Territory; immigration, farming, milling, and land speculation in Minnesota, 1857-1870; Charleston and Braxton turnpike; slave sales; Early's Shenandoah Valley campaign of 1864; conditions in Richmond during the Civil War pertaining to livestock, tobacco, and cotton trade; the West Virginia Capitol question, 1877; and the Senatorial contest, 1876. Correspondents include J.M. Bennett, Louis Bennett, John Brannon, Gideon Camden, J.N. Camden, William P. Cooper, H. G. Davis, John J. Davis, Spencer Dayton, John S. Hoffman, William L. Jackson, John E. Kenna, Theodore Lang, and George W. Silcott. [note: not all of the subjects and personal names listed for series 1 were verified during reprocessing]","This series includes military records pertaining to the 31st Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment of the Confederate States Army. Military records include personnel papers (regarding death, desertion, and discharge), financial papers (receipts, inventories, etc.), judicial materials (charges and courts martial), correspondence, orders, a company book, muster rolls, etc. The series also includes maps, clippings, photographs, research correspondence, manuscript and typescript writings pertaining to the 31st Virginia Infantry of the Confederate States Army, and the correspondence and papers of D.C. Gallaher. D.C. Gallaher collected some of this material on the 31st regiment, which later came into the hands of Roy Bird Cook. For additional D.C. Gallaher material, see also Series 8, Bound Notebooks 26-28, Civil War I-III."," Military correspondence and orders include letters from J.M. Bennett, G. D. Camden Jr. and Sr., W.P. Cooper, John W. Daniel, Cyrus Hall, John S. Hoffman, A.H. Jackson, William L. Jackson, and William Smith. Additional correspondence includes letters to Roy Bird Cook pertaining to the regiment. Military orders are from the Army of Northern Virginia, the Army of Northwestern Virginia, Early's Division, and the 31st Virginia Infantry. Typescript writings include material related to soldiers and Civil War activities in Pocahontas, Upshur, and Lewis Counties; \"A History of the Thirty-First Virginia Regiment Volunteers C.S.A.\" by James Dell Cooke of WVU (1955); copies of W.P. [William Pope] Cooper diaries, letters, etc.; and \"Material Pertaining to Civil War Soldiers [Most of Whom Fought in the 31st Regiment, Virginia Infantry]\" (ca. 1926-1940)."," Please note, typescript copies of some of the original material in box 2, folders 1-9 can be found in box 3, folders 10-14."," For additional records of the 31st Virginia Infantry, see also: Series 15, Oversize Material -- 31st Virginia Infantry, boxes 49-51; and A\u0026M 1528 Series 6, Military Records, and Series 9, Oversized.","This series includes correspondence (box 4) and personal papers of Roy Bird Cook (box 5)."," Correspondence includes mainly incoming invitations, letters, photo postcards, clippings, etc. Topics include: T.J. (Stonewall) Jackson; comments on several books (including 'Lee the American' by Gamaliel Bradford, 'Lewis County in the Civil War' by Cook, and 'They Called Him Stonewall' by Burke Davis); various areas of West Virginia history; family histories (notably of the Peterson and Rhea families); Civil War participants (e.g. General Jubal A. Early); the Civil War Round Table, Incorporated; the Jackson House (in letters from Isabel Arnold); Ann Bailey; George Washington's Ohio River trip; an exploration by James Patton; material on Fred Fousse, a Civil War illustrator; and biographical material on Roy Bird Cook."," Correspondents include: Thomas Perkins Abernathy (Corcoran School of History, University of Virginia), Holmes M. Alexander, Isabel Arnold (descendent of Stonewall Jackson's sister Laura, who married an Arnold), Thomas J. Arnold, John Bakeless, Albert J. Beveridge, Edward Bok, Alva J.C. Bond (Dean Emeritus, School of Theology, Alfred University), Gamaliel Bradford, Senator Harry F. Byrd, Lenoir Chambers, Dr. Earl L. Core, Burke Davis, Ruth Woods Dayton, H.A. DuPont, Douglas Southall Freeman, Granville Davisson Hall, Dr. Matthew S. Holt (father of Rush D. Holt), Jay W. Johns (President, Stonewall Jackson Memorial, Incorporated), Harnett T. Kane, John A. Klein (Adjutant General of the United States), Dr. O.D. Lambert, Foreman M. Lebold, Eli Lilly, Henry T. McDonald (President, Storer College), Clarence W. Meadows (former Governor), Meade Minnigerode, Judge Ben Moore, Oren F. Morton, Drew Pearson, Mrs. Randolph (Julia J.) Preston (Stonewall Jackson's granddaughter), Frederick F. Seely (Department of English, Allegheny College), Lawrence Sherwood, Kenneth Stuart (Art Editor, 'The Saturday Evening Post'), Boyd B. Stutler, Allen Tate, Albert Payson Terhune, Cecil H. Underwood, and John W. Wayland."," Personal papers include photographs of Cook and scrapbook-style notebooks containing correspondence, printed materials, and ephemera from Cook's life. Topics include Cook's time in school, American Pharmaceutical Association meetings, Cook's honorary LL.D. awarded by West Virginia University, his Kiwanis Personal Achievement Award, and an attempted burglary at his home."," Additional correspondence to and from Cook, writings by Cook, etc. can be found throughout the collection. For Cook family genealogy and other Cook material, see Series 8, Bound Notebook 67, Cook-Bird-Hull-Conrad Papers, and Series 15, Oversize Material.","This series includes manuscript originals and facsimiles, newspaper and magazine clippings, typescripts, and printed items regarding Charleston and Kanawha County, West Virginia businesses, Geary Securities Company (see also Series 15, Oversize Material), book reviews and excerpts, West Virginia elections, the West Virginia Capitol and capital city, and the history of West Virginia."," For material that was separated from this series, see Series 15, Oversize Material, box 47, folders 3 and 8.","Includes original and facsimile clippings on: the Trans-Allegheny Lunatic Asylum, Weston; Cherry River Boom and Lumber Company Mill at Richwood; horse-powered boat \"Adventurer\" built at Coatsmouth [Coalsmouth?] in 1840s; facsimile, top of page 1, Parkersburg's West Virginia Walking Beam, vol. 2, no. 13 [October 9, 1880]; old grist mills; \"The Story of Salt,\" illustrated; Gatts Mound [at Cresap]; covered bridges; Hinkle Fort, Pendleton County, illustrated; the Mercer Grant, Mason County; Bailey's Hotel, Weston; early history of the 'Weston Democrat'; Harman Blennerhassett naturalization papers, Wood County court records; Blennerhassett episode--depositions of John Graham and Alex. Henderson, also J. Graham letter to Henderson; the Philippi Bar of the 1880s; doubts about Morgan, first white settler in West Virginia; Teays River; Spanish War Vets Convention, Weston; erosion, Canaan Valley and Blackwater Falls, illustrated; the Greenbrier Hotel in 1908; Fairfax survey map and Lower Shenandoah Valley Settlement; Selby House, Shepherdstown; Claudius Crozet; delegates to Commercial Convention in Memphis; list of U.S. Navy ships with West Virginia names; Old Richards Fort, Harrison County; John L. Cole; George Rogers Clark; etc.;","This series includes individual and family papers (manuscript and typescript letters, clippings, images, etc.) of West Virginians; manuscript and typescript letters, clippings, commissions, etc. regarding the Civil War, West Virginia politics, and other topics; a manuscript roll book of a Confederate sergeant (1862); and two manuscript Civil War diaries (Confederate diary: 1864; Union diary: 1864-1865)."," The individual and family papers include material related to the Barney, Bennett, Boyle, Cook, Jackson, Broun, Burner, Camden, Keister, McCausland, Quarrier, Laidley, Ruffner, Tavenner, Tompkins, and O'Neill families, among others; and material related to Mordecai Levi, J.A.J. Lightburn, James C. McFarland, Major T.P. Moore, John Morgan, Francis H. Pierpont, Adam See, Colonel William C. Tavenner, William Tompkins, and Robert E. Lee, among others. Topics of the family and individual papers include family matters, genealogy, business, and the Civil War. Mordecai Levi (1835-1914) invented the first method of brick paving in the U.S. and was an early paver of Charleston, WV. His papers include facsimile and original typescripts and correspondence, official documents, clippings, and other material [1871-1890, 1914-1974, undated]."," Correspondence (mostly original letters) regarding the Civil War, West Virginia politics, and other letters includes the following correspondents, among others: John Echols, William McKinley, Rutherford B. Hayes, George McClellan, Harman Blennerhassett, Lawrence A. Washington, Louis Philippe (King of France), Joseph Johnson (Governor of Virginia), and John Letcher (Governor of Virginia), among others. Original letters from McKinley, Hayes, McClellan, Louis Philippe, and Theodore Roosevelt have been separated to A\u0026M 435.","Includes facsimiles of biographic and genealogical clippings on: John Henry and writing of the ballad; Judge Ben Wheeler Moore; Lydia Boggs [Shepherd] Cruger/Kruger [also includes typescript]; John Henry Shaw; J.E. Hanger; Caroline Beeghley; Captain Jackson Everson [Apperson]; William Henry Tappey Squires; [Josias] Hanson Link [family] [includes Captain Leib's description of Clarksburg during Civil War period]; Colonel Benjamin J. Wilson; Donnally family; Clendennin family; Huddleston family; Herold family; White family.","Includes facsimiles of biographic and genealogical clippings on: Willa Hood Strickler [first female pharmacist in the state]; Prof. Milton W. Humphreys; S.B. Elkins; Boyd Stutler; Hu Maxwell; Nathan Goff Jr.; Renick family and Calvin Brown Renick; John Champe; General Hugh Mercer; and Francis Marion Franklin Smith [typescript]. Also includes miscellaneous topics, such as: West Virginia newspaper editors and publications; reburial of Chief Cornstalk's remains; Jama Shamoon, Fairmont resident in camp of Pancho Villa; road from Monterey to Pocahontas County, 1781-1782; Robert Crain and Margaret Bennett, daughter of Judge W.G. Bennett, wedding in Weston; campaign ribbon, W.G. Bennett for Governor; and Mrs. Lewis Bennett's donation of uniform, medals, etc. of her son, Lieutenant Lewis B. Jr., to the National Museum in Washington, D.C.","Contains clippings on various subjects, including: General Cox's message to the people of Charleston, General Orders, No. 8, Headquarters, District of the Kanawha, Elk River, July 25, 1861; Scary Creek battlefield [includes map]; Confederate money in Stockholm, Sweden; Capture of Steamboat \"Levi\" [General Eliakim P. Scammon], illustrated; Hawk's Nest incident [1862]; Kanawha Valley [includes map, photo of General Wise, copy of 1861 broadside \"Men of Virginia! Men of the Kanawha! To Arms!\"]; Lightburn's Retreat, Kanawha Valley 1862, illustrated; occupation of Charleston by Union Troops in 1861; \"Fort Hill\" Charleston, illustrated; Colonel George S. Patton and the \"Kanawha Riflemen,\" illustrated; \"The Dixie Rifles,\" Beuhring H. Jones, and the burning of Gauley Bridge, illustrated; Duskey's Raid on Ripley, illustrated; Wise's retreat from the Kanawha [includes map, illustrated].","Includes clippings on various subjects, such as: Hart residence and Rich Mountain battlefield, illustrated; monument to Gus Bailey of Fayette County; West Virginia's Generals in Gray, illustrated; Clarksburg, 1861, illustrated; role of the 'Wheeling Intelligencer' in the birth of West Virginia; Isaac J. Settle's Diary; preparing for action on the Kanawha, illustrated; Old Jack and Old Jube; list of issues of 'The Confederate Veteran' that have a West Virginia interest history of Company B, 14th West Virginia Infantry; \"Winchester, Va., September 19, 1864\" painting; etc. Also includes stamps and an envelope regarding the Centennial of the Philippi Covered Bridge in 1952.","Diary describes: marches and engagements in Virginia, Maryland, and West Virginia [including Greenbrier, Berkeley, and Jefferson County]; casualties and ordnance losses in various engagements; towns on route of march; desertions from the company; and reports of the movement and engagements of other units [Confederate and Union] [May 6, 1864-October 11, 1864]. Engagement sites include: Winchester and Fisher's Hill, 1st Brigadier General Breckenridge's Division, September 19 and 22; New Market, May 15, Confederate General John C. Breckenridge, Union General Seigle [sic: Sigel]; east of Atlee's Station, May 29-31 and June 1; Chickhominey River, Coal Harbor, June 2-3; near Lynchburg, June 18; near Salem, June 21; Frederick City, MD, July 9; between Purcellville and Snickerville, July 16; on the Shenandoah near Snicker's Gap, July 18; near Kerntown, July 24; near Charles Town, August 21; Berryville Road, September 4; near Winchester, September 19; Brown's Gap Road, September 26 [all 1864]. Martinsburg entries: July 4, 26, 27, 28-30, and August 7, 1864; Charlestown August 23, 1864. Last pages of diary list towns and countries traveled through, and distance traveled from May 6 - August 31, 1864.","Diary includes: descriptions of various engagements and maneuvers preceding Ellis' capture at Cedar Creek; names of men serving with Ellis who were wounded, discharged, deserters, etc.; description of living conditions at Camp Salisbury, NC; number of Federal prisoners joining the Confederate Army; number of deaths; and rations received. West Virginia counties in which the regiment saw action: Greenbrier, Mineral, Monroe, Berkeley, Jefferson, Morgan, Kanawha, Fayette, Raleigh, and Mercer. Ellis' location as mentioned in various entries in 1864: Ridgeville [Mineral County?], Hancock [MD?], \"Rebs reported at Peterson's Creek\" [Pattersons Creek, Mineral County?] on February 2; fight at New Creek [Mineral County] on February 3; \"Alpine Depot, Morgan Co. [Morgan County] West Virginia\" on April 1; other April entries mention Clarksburg, Parkersburg, Ravenswood, Pomeroy [OH], Charleston; Camp Piatt [?] Kanawha County on April 26; May entries mention Fayette County, Raleigh County, and Mercer County [captured Fort Breckenridge at Princeton, May 6]; Monroe County on May 13; New River on May 10; Lewisburg on May 22; White Sulphur Springs on June 2; Fayette County on June 20; Camp Piatt on July 1; Clarksburg on July 9; Piedmont on July 10; Martinsburg on July 11; Harpers Ferry on July 15; Libby Prison on November 1; Salisbury, NC on November 4. For a typescript copy of the diary, see also Series 8, Bound Notebooks, box 16, Notebook 1.","This series includes correspondence, military orders, battle reports, legal documents, clippings, typescripts, print material, ephemera, photographs, and other material. Topics include T.J. Jackson's military service, his time as constable of Lewis County, his entrance into West Point, his application for position on the faculty of University of Virginia, the Jackson and Arnold families, memorial busts and statues of Jackson, Jackson biographies, etc."," Also includes personal belongings of Jackson and associated memorabilia, such as Stonewall Jackson souvenir or commemorative coins and medals, and hair from the tail of Jackson's horse, Old Sorrel."," Also includes letters, pension documents, clippings, and financial statements of Mary Anna Jackson, T.J. Jackson's wife. Topics include family life and books written by Mrs. Jackson about her daughter and her husband."," For additional memorabilia, sheet music, newspapers, and images related to T.J. Jackson, see Series 14, Glass Plate Negatives, and Series 15, Oversize Material. For other Jackson materials, see also Series 8, Bound Notebooks.","This series includes unbound pamphlets and reprints of articles, as well as articles written by Roy Bird Cook. Topics include the history of Virginia and West Virginia, and the Civil War, among others.","This series includes typescripts, correspondence, clippings, genealogies, maps, ephemera, pamphlets, articles, photographs, and other material."," Prominent subjects include T.J. Jackson and his family, and the Civil War."," Material about T.J. Jackson includes articles and pamphlets about his life and military service; letters to, from, and about him; court records and legal documents regarding Jackson and his family; images of Jackson, Jackson's Mill, Jackson statues and memorials; reviews of books written about him, including Cook's 'The Family and Early Life of Stonewall Jackson'; and other items. Prominent Jackson family members include Mary Anna Morrison Jackson, Colonel George Jackson, and Thomas Jackson Arnold. (Notebooks prominently featuring T.J. Jackson and his family include 2, 2A-2K, 4, 7, 9, 13, 23, 24, 32, 37, 38, 38A, 39, and 56.)"," Civil War materials include historical sketches of battles; originals and copies of soldiers' diaries, journals, and letters; historical sketches and rosters of companies and regiments; articles and narratives about life during the Civil War; etc."," Additional subjects include genealogy, West Virginia history, prominent individuals, the Virginia Military Institute, Weston newspapers, the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, and the West Virginia Commission on Historic Markers."," Genealogical subjects include the Jackson, Neale, Arnold, Camden, Newlon, Sprigg, Williams, Ruffner, Hamilton, Holt, Byrne, Cook, Bird, Hull, and Conrad families, among others (Notebooks 2D, 42, 43, 48, 55, 67, and others)."," West Virginia history subjects include Kanawha County Court records; Lewis County; Weston; Charleston; colonial and Civil War history of West Virginia; George Washington's travels and surveys in and around West Virginia; the Kanawha River, valley, and surrounding area; Blennerhassett Island; Wood County; and Parkersburg."," Prominent individuals include Andrew Jackson, Judge Nicholas Fitzhugh, Henrietta Fitzhugh Barr, Granville Davisson Hall, Jonathan McCally Bennett and the Bennett family, Colonel John Stuart, General Albert Jenkins, David Creigh, Mason Mathews, Henry F. Westfall, John Valley Young and family, Thomas Bland Camden, Johnson Newlon Camden, Daniel Boone, Harman Blennerhassett, John Esten Cooke, Colonel George Jackson, and Alexander Scott Withers, among others."," Correspondents include T.J. Jackson, members of the Bennett family, Charles W. Dabney, Douglas Southall Freeman, Thomas Jackson Arnold, Lyman C. Draper, Boyd B. Stutler, and Roy Bird Cook, among others."," For additional materials on David Creigh, see A\u0026M 2201, Preston Family Papers, Box 1.","Descriptive System for Series 8:"," The contents of the notebooks are described to the item level in the Contents List.  \n These items level descriptions are preceded with the items' genre and format in brackets.","Genres include:"," article (from magazine or journal)  \n clipping (usually from newspaper)  \n ephemera  \n pamphlet  \n photo  \n typescript  \n ms [manuscript] letter  \n ts [typescript] letter  \n other","Formats include:"," original  \n transcription  \n copy (for photocopies and other facsimiles)"," Transcriptions are dated by creation date of the transcription, not the original.  \n Copies are dated by creation date of original.","Examples:"," [ephemera and photo; original] invitation to the dedication of the equestrian statue of Jackson and Lee in Baltimore, two tickets to the dedication, and a photo of the statue"," [ts letters; transcription] letters regarding T.J. Jackson's appointment as a cadet at Military Academy (This record describes a set of typescript letters transcribed from originals.)"," [other; copy] T.J. Jackson's appointment as Brevet Second Lieutenant (This record describes a facsimile of an official appointment document.)","This series includes diaries, lists, clippings, and pamphlets regarding Civil War experiences, music, battles, etc.; medical practice in (West) Virginia in the 1850s; and U.S. Presidents. The typescript copies of diaries relate to the years just before, during, and after the Civil War.","This series includes typescripts, pamphlets, prescriptions, account statements, advertisements, correspondence, clippings, photographs, programs, and other material. Topics include the James H. Rogers Drug Store and other drug stores in Charleston, WV; Dr. Henry Rogers and other Charleston pharmacists; medicines of the mid to late 1800s; the 1960 meeting of the American Pharmaceutical Association; West Virginia pharmacists' World War II service; and the West Virginia Pharmaceutical Association (now known as the West Virginia Pharmacists Association).","This series includes typescripts, pamphlets, magazine and journal articles, clippings, and correspondence regarding the history of the medical profession in West Virginia, including James Edward Hanger (first amputee soldier of the Civil War and founder of a prosthetics company), Dr. J.L. Miller (collector of medical material); and Dr. W.P. King.","This series includes pamphlets of original and reprinted articles regarding various pharmacists and the history of pharmacy. Also included are three bound volumes of material pertaining to the National Association of Boards of Pharmacy.","This series includes correspondence, a magazine, typescripts, and clippings related to Adalbert J. Volck. Also included are copies of 29 etchings by Volck regarding Civil War topics.","This series includes six glass plate negatives of T.J. Jackson portraits and Jackson's Mill.","This series is divided into two subseries, general material and material of the 31st Virginia Infantry.","This subseries includes memorabilia, sheet music, newspapers, and images related to T.J. Jackson, the Civil War, and Jackson's Mill. For additional T.J. Jackson material, see also Series 6, Thomas J. (Stonewall) Jackson Papers; Series 8, Bound Notebooks; and Series 14, Glass Plate Negatives."," Also included are family trees, maps, ephemera, clippings, Confederate bonds, and military records, among other material. Family trees show the genealogy of the Lee, Cook, Washington, and Cable families. Subjects of the maps include various counties in West Virginia; Civil War battles and troop movements; Charleston, WV; the Kanawha River; the Coal River; and George Washington's travels and surveys; among other subjects.","This subseries includes semi-monthly reports; lost or destroyed property reports; captains' monthly returns; abstracts of monthly payments and stationery issued; lists of officers; payroll and clothing distribution records; descriptive lists and accounting of pay and clothing records; morning reports; and muster rolls. The bulk of the material pertains to the 31st Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment. Digitized copies of these items can be found online (see link in Instances).","See also, Series 2, Records of the 31st Virginia Infantry."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMany items were transferred to the Printed Ephemera Collection, including \"Mark Twain's Family in Early History of West Virginia,\" by Robert Harrison Ferguson, A.M. Superintendent Mason County Schools, Point Pleasant, West Virginia (see P8616 in the Printed Ephemera Collection).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAn original letter from T.J. Jackson to Laura Ann Jackson Arnold, 26 October 1847, from Mexico City, Mexico, has been separated to the rare signature collection, A\u0026amp;M 435.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nFive original letters have been separated from Series 5. Individual, Family, and Civil War History Papers to A\u0026amp;M 435. These are original manuscript letters authored by William McKinley, Rutherford B. Hayes, George McClellan, John S. Mosby, and Louis Philippe, and an original typescript letter from Theodore Roosevelt.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\"Front Elevation of Lunatic Asylum, West of the Alleghany Mountains\", \"R. Snowden Andrews, Architect, Baltimore, MD\" (1859; 12 1/2 in. x 49 in.) separated to A\u0026amp;M 4071, Weston State Hospital.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nMost photographs in this collection have been separated and digitized -- see scope and content note for link to photographs in West Virginia History OnView. Two of the photos were separated to A\u0026amp;M 4168, Panoramic Photos Collection: Sheltering Arms Hosptial and Kanawha Falls.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nLists of separated materials in the following categories can be found in the control folder: Broadsides \u0026amp; Programs, Newspapers/Periodicals, Circulars \u0026amp; West Virginia Pamphlets, and Maps.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Many items were transferred to the Printed Ephemera Collection, including \"Mark Twain's Family in Early History of West Virginia,\" by Robert Harrison Ferguson, A.M. Superintendent Mason County Schools, Point Pleasant, West Virginia (see P8616 in the Printed Ephemera Collection).","\nAn original letter from T.J. Jackson to Laura Ann Jackson Arnold, 26 October 1847, from Mexico City, Mexico, has been separated to the rare signature collection, A\u0026M 435.","\nFive original letters have been separated from Series 5. Individual, Family, and Civil War History Papers to A\u0026M 435. These are original manuscript letters authored by William McKinley, Rutherford B. Hayes, George McClellan, John S. Mosby, and Louis Philippe, and an original typescript letter from Theodore Roosevelt.","\n\"Front Elevation of Lunatic Asylum, West of the Alleghany Mountains\", \"R. Snowden Andrews, Architect, Baltimore, MD\" (1859; 12 1/2 in. x 49 in.) separated to A\u0026M 4071, Weston State Hospital.","\nMost photographs in this collection have been separated and digitized -- see scope and content note for link to photographs in West Virginia History OnView. Two of the photos were separated to A\u0026M 4168, Panoramic Photos Collection: Sheltering Arms Hosptial and Kanawha Falls.","\nLists of separated materials in the following categories can be found in the control folder: Broadsides \u0026 Programs, Newspapers/Periodicals, Circulars \u0026 West Virginia Pamphlets, and Maps."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_3ccc07af556ba9d4c7990eed73312fc9\"\u003ePapers collected by Roy Bird Cook, a Lewis County native and Charleston pharmacist, who in his role as historian, researcher, and author, was a pioneering and effective advocate for the preservation of West Virginia history. This collection includes the papers he collected in connection with his research, including documentation of the Civil War in West Virginia, Stonewall Jackson and his family, and genealogy of North Central West Virginia, among other topics. Materials include letters and papers of the Hays family, including Samuel L. and Peregrine Hays of Gilmer County (1836-1884, 1952-1962, undated [includes facsimiles]); records of the Confederate 31st Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment, and later correspondence, clippings, and papers about the regiment and its members (ca. 1856-1955, undated [includes facsimiles]); various collections of individual and family papers and Civil War correspondence (1793-1974, undated [includes facsimiles]); original and copies of Stonewall Jackson letters and papers, as well as papers pertaining to Jackson family members (1801-1963, undated [includes facsimiles]); and materials related to the history of pharmacy and medicine, with a special focus on West Virginia (ca. 1832-1961, undated [includes facsimiles]). There is also an extensive series of bound notebooks containing manuscripts, transcriptions, clippings, genealogies, pamphlets, and images regarding the following topics: Stonewall Jackson, Mary Anna Morrison Jackson, Colonel George Jackson, and Thomas Jackson Arnold; the Civil War, including historical sketches of battles as well as originals and copies of soldiers' diaries, journals, and letters; Lewis County; Charleston and the Kanawha Valley; Douglas S. Freeman; Granville Davisson Hall; Camden family; George Washington; and other topics.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Papers collected by Roy Bird Cook, a Lewis County native and Charleston pharmacist, who in his role as historian, researcher, and author, was a pioneering and effective advocate for the preservation of West Virginia history. This collection includes the papers he collected in connection with his research, including documentation of the Civil War in West Virginia, Stonewall Jackson and his family, and genealogy of North Central West Virginia, among other topics. Materials include letters and papers of the Hays family, including Samuel L. and Peregrine Hays of Gilmer County (1836-1884, 1952-1962, undated [includes facsimiles]); records of the Confederate 31st Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment, and later correspondence, clippings, and papers about the regiment and its members (ca. 1856-1955, undated [includes facsimiles]); various collections of individual and family papers and Civil War correspondence (1793-1974, undated [includes facsimiles]); original and copies of Stonewall Jackson letters and papers, as well as papers pertaining to Jackson family members (1801-1963, undated [includes facsimiles]); and materials related to the history of pharmacy and medicine, with a special focus on West Virginia (ca. 1832-1961, undated [includes facsimiles]). There is also an extensive series of bound notebooks containing manuscripts, transcriptions, clippings, genealogies, pamphlets, and images regarding the following topics: Stonewall Jackson, Mary Anna Morrison Jackson, Colonel George Jackson, and Thomas Jackson Arnold; the Civil War, including historical sketches of battles as well as originals and copies of soldiers' diaries, journals, and letters; Lewis County; Charleston and the Kanawha Valley; Douglas S. Freeman; Granville Davisson Hall; Camden family; George Washington; and other topics."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_e37bcc605bdcccbb7485ff3cacdfccb0\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["American Pharmaceutical Association","Confederate States of America. Army. Virginia Infantry Regiment, 22nd. Company B","Confederate States of America. Army. Virginia Infantry Regiment, 31st","West Virginia State Pharmaceutical Association","Bennett family","Camden family","Hayes family","Jackson family","Quarrier family","Ruffner family","Arnold, Thomas Jackson.","Atkinson, Geo. W. (George Wesley), 1845-1925","Bennett, Jonathan McCally, 1816-1887.","Boone, Daniel, 1734-1820","Boreman, Arthur Inghram, 1823-1896","Brown, John, 1800-1859","Camden, Mary Belt Sprigg.","Camden, Thomas Bland, 1829-1910","Cook, Roy Bird, 1886-1961","Cooke, John Esten, 1830-1886.","Cooper, William P.","Cox, Jacob D (Jacob Dolson), 1828-1900","Crook, George, 1828-1890","Davis, Henry Gassaway, 1823-1916","Early, Jubal Anderson, 1816-1894","Ellis, James F.","Faulkner, Charles James, 1806-1884","Freeman, Douglas Southall, 1886-1953","Gallaher, D.C.","Hall, Granville Davisson, 1837-1934","Hayes, Rutherford B., 1822-1893","Hays, Peregrine.","Hays, Samuel L.","Hill, D. H. (Daniel Harvey), 1821-1889","Hubbard, C. D. (Chester Dorman), 1814-1891","Imboden, John D. (John Daniel), 1823-1895","Jackson, George.","Jackson, J.J.","Jackson, Mary Anna, 1831-1915","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Jenkins, Albert Gallatin, 1830-1864","Kenna, John Edward, 1848-1893","Letcher, John, 1813-1884","Levi, Mordecai.","Lightburn, Joseph Andrew Jackson, 1824-1901.","MacCorkle, William Alexander, 1857-1930","Mastin, John A.","McCausland, John, 1836-1927","McClellan, George B. (George Brinton), 1826-1885","McFarland, James C.","McKinley, William, 1843-1901","Mosby, John Singleton, 1833-1916","Pierpont, Francis Harrison, 1814-1899","Scott, Nathan Bay, 1842-1924","Volck, Adalbert John, 1828-1912","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Withers, Alexander Scott, 1792-1865"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Pharmaceutical Association","Confederate States of America. Army. Virginia Infantry Regiment, 22nd. Company B","Confederate States of America. Army. Virginia Infantry Regiment, 31st","West Virginia State Pharmaceutical Association","Bennett family","Camden family","Hayes family","Jackson family","Quarrier family","Ruffner family","Cook, Roy Bird, 1886-1961","Arnold, Thomas Jackson.","Atkinson, Geo. W. (George Wesley), 1845-1925","Bennett, Jonathan McCally, 1816-1887.","Boone, Daniel, 1734-1820","Boreman, Arthur Inghram, 1823-1896","Brown, John, 1800-1859","Camden, Mary Belt Sprigg.","Camden, Thomas Bland, 1829-1910","Cooke, John Esten, 1830-1886.","Cooper, William P.","Cox, Jacob D (Jacob Dolson), 1828-1900","Crook, George, 1828-1890","Davis, Henry Gassaway, 1823-1916","Early, Jubal Anderson, 1816-1894","Ellis, James F.","Faulkner, Charles James, 1806-1884","Freeman, Douglas Southall, 1886-1953","Gallaher, D.C.","Hall, Granville Davisson, 1837-1934","Hayes, Rutherford B., 1822-1893","Hays, Peregrine.","Hays, Samuel L.","Hill, D. H. (Daniel Harvey), 1821-1889","Hubbard, C. D. (Chester Dorman), 1814-1891","Imboden, John D. (John Daniel), 1823-1895","Jackson, George.","Jackson, J.J.","Jackson, Mary Anna, 1831-1915","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Jenkins, Albert Gallatin, 1830-1864","Kenna, John Edward, 1848-1893","Letcher, John, 1813-1884","Levi, Mordecai.","Lightburn, Joseph Andrew Jackson, 1824-1901.","MacCorkle, William Alexander, 1857-1930","Mastin, John A.","McCausland, John, 1836-1927","McClellan, George B. (George Brinton), 1826-1885","McFarland, James C.","McKinley, William, 1843-1901","Mosby, John Singleton, 1833-1916","Pierpont, Francis Harrison, 1814-1899","Scott, Nathan Bay, 1842-1924","Volck, Adalbert John, 1828-1912","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Withers, Alexander Scott, 1792-1865"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Pharmaceutical Association","Confederate States of America. Army. Virginia Infantry Regiment, 22nd. Company B","Confederate States of America. Army. Virginia Infantry Regiment, 31st","West Virginia State Pharmaceutical Association"],"famname_ssim":["Bennett family","Camden family","Hayes family","Jackson family","Quarrier family","Ruffner family"],"persname_ssim":["Cook, Roy Bird, 1886-1961","Arnold, Thomas Jackson.","Atkinson, Geo. W. (George Wesley), 1845-1925","Bennett, Jonathan McCally, 1816-1887.","Boone, Daniel, 1734-1820","Boreman, Arthur Inghram, 1823-1896","Brown, John, 1800-1859","Camden, Mary Belt Sprigg.","Camden, Thomas Bland, 1829-1910","Cooke, John Esten, 1830-1886.","Cooper, William P.","Cox, Jacob D (Jacob Dolson), 1828-1900","Crook, George, 1828-1890","Davis, Henry Gassaway, 1823-1916","Early, Jubal Anderson, 1816-1894","Ellis, James F.","Faulkner, Charles James, 1806-1884","Freeman, Douglas Southall, 1886-1953","Gallaher, D.C.","Hall, Granville Davisson, 1837-1934","Hayes, Rutherford B., 1822-1893","Hays, Peregrine.","Hays, Samuel L.","Hill, D. H. (Daniel Harvey), 1821-1889","Hubbard, C. D. (Chester Dorman), 1814-1891","Imboden, John D. (John Daniel), 1823-1895","Jackson, George.","Jackson, J.J.","Jackson, Mary Anna, 1831-1915","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Jenkins, Albert Gallatin, 1830-1864","Kenna, John Edward, 1848-1893","Letcher, John, 1813-1884","Levi, Mordecai.","Lightburn, Joseph Andrew Jackson, 1824-1901.","MacCorkle, William Alexander, 1857-1930","Mastin, John A.","McCausland, John, 1836-1927","McClellan, George B. (George Brinton), 1826-1885","McFarland, James C.","McKinley, William, 1843-1901","Mosby, John Singleton, 1833-1916","Pierpont, Francis Harrison, 1814-1899","Scott, Nathan Bay, 1842-1924","Volck, Adalbert John, 1828-1912","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Withers, Alexander Scott, 1792-1865"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3461,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:49:43.882Z","arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eList of Bound Notebooks in Series 8:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNotebook 1 - Civil War Diary of James F. Ellis, Corporal, Company B, 15th (West) Virginia - Box 16\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 2 - Jackson Letters - Box 16\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 2A-K - Thomas J. (Stonewall) Jackson Papers, volumes 1-11 - Boxes 16-20\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 3 - Index to 1st-2nd-3rd Biennial Reports, Dept. of Archives and History, 1906-1911 - Box 20\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 4 - Douglas Freeman, Historian - Box 20\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 5A - Kanawha County Court Records, 1788-1803 (contains typescript transcriptions) - Box 20\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 5B - Kanawha County Court Records, 1825-1831 (contains typescript transcriptions) - Box 21\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 6 - Fitzhugh (bio of Judge Nicholas Fitzhugh and diary of Henrietta Fitzhugh Barr) - Box 21\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 7 - Thomas Jackson Arnold Letters (includes letters from TJA to Roy Bird Cook) - Box 21\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 8 - Granville Davisson Hall Papers - Box 21\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 9 - Jackson Papers (includes many items once held by Mrs. Jackson) - Box 22\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 10 - Weston Newspapers (includes material from 1800s) - Box 22\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 11 - Bennett Papers (re J.M. Bennett and the Bennett family; see also Notebook 44) - Box 22\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 12 - Pioneer Sketches of Lewis County (By Roy Bird Cook) - Box 22\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 13 - Jackson's Mill (contains thesis 'The Pioneer State 4-H Camp: Jackson's Mill') - Box 23\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 14 - B\u0026amp;O Railroad (extracts from dissertation re B\u0026amp;O in the Civil War by Festus Summers) - Box 23\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 15 - Lewis County (historical sketches by Robert L. Bland of 'The Weston Democrat' ca. 1920) - Box 23\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 16 - Oliver Letters (contains newspaper column re history of Weston, 1892) - Box 23\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 17 - Vandalia (contains typescript re the Ohio Land Company and George Washington) - Box 23\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 18 - Narrative of Colonel John Stuart of Greenbrier, 1798 (incl. info. on Indian wars) - Box 23\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 19 - A.J. Volck Confederate Sketches - see Series 13\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 20 - West Virginia Index (incl. material related to work of Commission on Historic Markers) - Box 23\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 21 - West Virginia Review Index (incl. list of articles by RBC, and TOC for 1923-1942) - Box 24\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 22 - Charleston Typescripts (regarding local history) - Box 24\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 23 - Stonewall Jackson Pamphlets, number 1 - Box 25\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 24 - Stonewall Jackson Pamphlets, number 2 - Box 25\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 25 - General Albert Jenkins, Confederate States Army (incl. biographical information) - Box 25\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 26 - Civil War I (mostly typescripts re various topics connected to the Civil War) - Box 26\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 27 - Civil War II - Box 26\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 28 - Civil War III - Box 27\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 29 - 'West Virginia' by Colonel Robert White (part of volume 2 of a series) - Box 27\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 30 - Mason Mathews Collection (notebook pp. 1-19; transcription of Civil War letters) - Box 27\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 30 - Alkire Collection (pp. 20-49; trans. of Civil War scrapbooks made by Marcia Phillips) - Box 27\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 30 - Diary of Henry F. Westfall (pp. 50-92; incl. typescript copy of Civil War diary) - Box 27\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 31 - Young Family Civil War Papers - Box 27\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 32 - Stonewall Jackson (includes mostly articles about Stonewall Jackson) - Box 28\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 33 - Civil War, No. 3 - Box 28\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 34 - Civil War, No. 4 - Box 28\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 35 - Civil War, No. 5 - Box 28\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 36 - Civil War, No. 6 - Box 29\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 37 - Stonewall Jackson (includes articles and pamphlets regarding T.J. Jackson) - Box 29\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 38 - Stonewall Jackson (includes articles and pamphlets regarding T.J. Jackson) - Box 29\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 38A - Stonewall Jackson (includes articles and pamphlets regarding T.J. Jackson) - Box 29\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 39 - Stonewall Jackson (includes articles and pamphlets regarding T.J. Jackson) - Box 30\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 40 - Civil War--Camden (contains Civil War recollections by Thomas B. Camden) - Box 30\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 41 - Johnson Newlon Camden - Box 31\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 42 - Camden-Newlon-Sprigg-Williams Papers (genealogies) - Box 31\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 43 - Camden Papers - Box 31\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 44 - Bennett Papers (thesis re Civil War, VA Politics, and J. Bennett; see Notebk. 11) - Box 32\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 45 - West Virginia Sketch Book I (contains historical sketches, etc.; includes TOC) - Box 32\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 46 - West Virginia Sketch Book II (contains historical sketches, etc.; includes TOC) - Box 32\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 47 - West Virginia Sketch Book III (contains historical sketches, etc.; includes TOC) - Box 33\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 48 - Ruffner Kanawha Valley Scrap Book - Box 33\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 49 - Romance of the Kanawha (scrapbook contains maps, clippings, letters, etc.) - Box 33\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 50 - Daniel Boone--Early Kanawha Valley (material re D. Boone and General A. Lewis) - Box 34\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 51 - Lewis County Sketch Book I - Box 34\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 52 - Lewis County Sketch Book II - Box 34\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 53 - Weston--Lewis County (scrapbook includes mostly newspaper clippings) - Box 35\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 54 - Blennerhassett - Box 35\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 55 - Hamilton-Holt-Byrne-Newlon - Box 35\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 56 - Colonel George Jackson and Family - Box 35\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 57 - Washington Papers (includes copies of maps of land owned by GW) - Box 36\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 58 - Washington Papers - Box 36\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 59 - Washington Papers (includes material regarding Fort Dearborn) - Box 36\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 60 - Cooke Papers (includes many articles written by John Esten Cooke) - Box 37\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 61 - Washington Papers - Box 37\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 62 - Washington Papers - Box 38\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 63 - Washington Papers - Box 38\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 64 - Washington Papers - Box 38\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 65 - West Virginia Archaeology - Box 38\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 66 - 'Wood County Formation' by Alvaro F. Gibbens - Box 39\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 67A - Jackson VMI (contains Board of Visitors report, July 1863) - Box 39\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 67 - Cook-Bird-Hull-Conrad Papers - Box 39\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 68 - Kanawha County - Box 40\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 69 - Hardesty's Lewis County (incl. Lewis, Barbour, and Upshur Counties) - Box 40\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNotebook 70 - Alexander Scott Withers (author of 'Chronicles of Border Warfare') - Box 40\u003c/p\u003e"]}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6199_c08_c92_c84"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_724_c06_c01_c09","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Articles written by W. Jett Lauck about Cost of Living","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_724_c06_c01_c09#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_724_c06_c01_c09","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_3_resources_724_c06_c01_c09"],"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_724_c06_c01_c09","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_724","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_724","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_724_c06_c01","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_724_c06_c01","parent_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_724","viu_repositories_3_resources_724_c06","viu_repositories_3_resources_724_c06_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_724","viu_repositories_3_resources_724_c06","viu_repositories_3_resources_724_c06_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["W. Jett Lauck papers","Articles, Memoranda, Speeches, etc. written by W. Jett Lauck","Work created by W. Jett Lauck for use by himself"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["W. Jett Lauck papers","Articles, Memoranda, Speeches, etc. written by W. Jett Lauck","Work created by W. Jett Lauck for use by himself"],"text":["W. Jett Lauck papers","Articles, Memoranda, Speeches, etc. written by W. Jett Lauck","Work created by W. Jett Lauck for use by himself","Articles written by W. Jett Lauck about Cost of Living","box 73","folder 11"],"title_filing_ssi":"Articles written by W. Jett Lauck about Cost of Living","title_ssm":["Articles written by W. Jett Lauck about Cost of Living"],"title_tesim":["Articles written by W. Jett Lauck about Cost of Living"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1910-1019"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1019/1910"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Articles written by W. Jett Lauck about Cost of Living"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["W. Jett Lauck papers"],"extent_ssm":["1 folder(s)"],"extent_tesim":["1 folder(s)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":533,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Work diaries used to keep a record of Lauck's activities on behalf of a number of organizations, arranged by date in Boxes 216-219. Due to their fragile condition, access to the original diaries is restricted. Researchers should use the diaries on microfilm M-1239-1241."],"date_range_isim":[1019,1020,1021,1022,1023,1024,1025,1026,1027,1028,1029,1030,1031,1032,1033,1034,1035,1036,1037,1038,1039,1040,1041,1042,1043,1044,1045,1046,1047,1048,1049,1050,1051,1052,1053,1054,1055,1056,1057,1058,1059,1060,1061,1062,1063,1064,1065,1066,1067,1068,1069,1070,1071,1072,1073,1074,1075,1076,1077,1078,1079,1080,1081,1082,1083,1084,1085,1086,1087,1088,1089,1090,1091,1092,1093,1094,1095,1096,1097,1098,1099,1100,1101,1102,1103,1104,1105,1106,1107,1108,1109,1110,1111,1112,1113,1114,1115,1116,1117,1118,1119,1120,1121,1122,1123,1124,1125,1126,1127,1128,1129,1130,1131,1132,1133,1134,1135,1136,1137,1138,1139,1140,1141,1142,1143,1144,1145,1146,1147,1148,1149,1150,1151,1152,1153,1154,1155,1156,1157,1158,1159,1160,1161,1162,1163,1164,1165,1166,1167,1168,1169,1170,1171,1172,1173,1174,1175,1176,1177,1178,1179,1180,1181,1182,1183,1184,1185,1186,1187,1188,1189,1190,1191,1192,1193,1194,1195,1196,1197,1198,1199,1200,1201,1202,1203,1204,1205,1206,1207,1208,1209,1210,1211,1212,1213,1214,1215,1216,1217,1218,1219,1220,1221,1222,1223,1224,1225,1226,1227,1228,1229,1230,1231,1232,1233,1234,1235,1236,1237,1238,1239,1240,1241,1242,1243,1244,1245,1246,1247,1248,1249,1250,1251,1252,1253,1254,1255,1256,1257,1258,1259,1260,1261,1262,1263,1264,1265,1266,1267,1268,1269,1270,1271,1272,1273,1274,1275,1276,1277,1278,1279,1280,1281,1282,1283,1284,1285,1286,1287,1288,1289,1290,1291,1292,1293,1294,1295,1296,1297,1298,1299,1300,1301,1302,1303,1304,1305,1306,1307,1308,1309,1310,1311,1312,1313,1314,1315,1316,1317,1318,1319,1320,1321,1322,1323,1324,1325,1326,1327,1328,1329,1330,1331,1332,1333,1334,1335,1336,1337,1338,1339,1340,1341,1342,1343,1344,1345,1346,1347,1348,1349,1350,1351,1352,1353,1354,1355,1356,1357,1358,1359,1360,1361,1362,1363,1364,1365,1366,1367,1368,1369,1370,1371,1372,1373,1374,1375,1376,1377,1378,1379,1380,1381,1382,1383,1384,1385,1386,1387,1388,1389,1390,1391,1392,1393,1394,1395,1396,1397,1398,1399,1400,1401,1402,1403,1404,1405,1406,1407,1408,1409,1410,1411,1412,1413,1414,1415,1416,1417,1418,1419,1420,1421,1422,1423,1424,1425,1426,1427,1428,1429,1430,1431,1432,1433,1434,1435,1436,1437,1438,1439,1440,1441,1442,1443,1444,1445,1446,1447,1448,1449,1450,1451,1452,1453,1454,1455,1456,1457,1458,1459,1460,1461,1462,1463,1464,1465,1466,1467,1468,1469,1470,1471,1472,1473,1474,1475,1476,1477,1478,1479,1480,1481,1482,1483,1484,1485,1486,1487,1488,1489,1490,1491,1492,1493,1494,1495,1496,1497,1498,1499,1500,1501,1502,1503,1504,1505,1506,1507,1508,1509,1510,1511,1512,1513,1514,1515,1516,1517,1518,1519,1520,1521,1522,1523,1524,1525,1526,1527,1528,1529,1530,1531,1532,1533,1534,1535,1536,1537,1538,1539,1540,1541,1542,1543,1544,1545,1546,1547,1548,1549,1550,1551,1552,1553,1554,1555,1556,1557,1558,1559,1560,1561,1562,1563,1564,1565,1566,1567,1568,1569,1570,1571,1572,1573,1574,1575,1576,1577,1578,1579,1580,1581,1582,1583,1584,1585,1586,1587,1588,1589,1590,1591,1592,1593,1594,1595,1596,1597,1598,1599,1600,1601,1602,1603,1604,1605,1606,1607,1608,1609,1610,1611,1612,1613,1614,1615,1616,1617,1618,1619,1620,1621,1622,1623,1624,1625,1626,1627,1628,1629,1630,1631,1632,1633,1634,1635,1636,1637,1638,1639,1640,1641,1642,1643,1644,1645,1646,1647,1648,1649,1650,1651,1652,1653,1654,1655,1656,1657,1658,1659,1660,1661,1662,1663,1664,1665,1666,1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910],"containers_ssim":["box 73","folder 11"],"_nest_path_":"/components#5/components#0/components#8","timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:56:56.558Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_724","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_724","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_724","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_724","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_724.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/105255","title_filing_ssi":"Lauck, W. Jett, papers","title_ssm":["W. Jett Lauck papers"],"title_tesim":["W. Jett Lauck papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1900-1952"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1900-1952"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 4742","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/724"],"text":["MSS 4742","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/724","W. Jett Lauck papers","Lewis, John L. (John Llewellyn), 1880-1969","World War, 1939-1945","New Deal, 1933-1939","Depressions - 1929","United Mine Workers of America","Labor unions","American Association for Economic Freedom","Anthracite coal--Pennsylvania","Railroads -- History","Railroads","Electric railroads","World War, 1914-1918","Economics","Work diaries used to keep a record of Lauck's activities on behalf of a number of organizations, arranged by date in Boxes 216-219. Due to their fragile condition, access to the original diaries is restricted. Researchers should use the diaries on microfilm M-1239-1241.","Student grades were removed from the file and placed in the control folder box for MSS 4742.","There are fifteen series in this collection. The two largest series are the Cases and Topical series. The majority of series have at least two subseries. Lauck had created two earlier indexes to his files and they were used to shape the current re-organization of the collection, particularly concerning the case files. Some of the decisions concerning arrangement were made due to the difficulties of completing the processing of the W. Jett Lauck papers during the Pandemic of 2020-2021. ","An Outline of the Arrangement is as follows: Series 1) Correspondence (Boxes 1-16); Series 2) American Association for Economic Freedom (Boxes 17-37 and Card files boxes 1-12); Series 3) National War Labor Board (Boxes 38-56); Series 4) Congress of Industrial Organizations (Boxes 57-67); Series 5) Commission on Industrial Relations (Boxes 68-72); Series 6) Articles, Memoranda, and Speeches by W. Jett Lauck (Boxes 73-91) with Subseries A) Work created by W. Jett Lauck for use by himself (Boxes 73-91), Subseries B) Work created by W. Jett Lauck for other people to use (Boxes 82-88), and Subseries C) Banking Monograph by W. Jett Lauck (Boxes 89-91); Series 7) Pennsylvania Anthracite Coal Commission (Boxes 92-103); Series 8) Cases (Boxes 104-204) with  Subseries A) Railroad (Boxes 104-146), Subseries B) General (Boxes 147-169), and Subseries C) Coal (Boxes 170-204); Series 9) Arbitrations (Boxes 205-211); Series 10) Dockets and Other Records of Work by W. Jett Lauck (Boxes 212-219); Series 11) Personal, Financial and Miscellany Papers (Boxes 220-233) with Subseries A) Financial Correspondence and Files (Boxes 220-225), Subseries B) Bureau of Applied Economics (Boxes 225-226), Subseries C) College Notes and School Papers (Boxes 227-230), and Subseries D) Notes, Notebooks, Photographs, Post cards and Miscellany (Boxes 230-233); Series 12) The National Recovery Act and National Recovery Administration (Boxes 234-241) with Subseries A) General Files (Boxes 234-238) and Subseries B) National Recovery Administration Codes (Boxes 238-241); Series 13) Oversize Scrapbook Volumes of Newspaper Clippings and News clippings Files with Subseries A) Scrapbooks (Boxes 242-252) and Subseries B) News clipping Files (Boxes 253-257); Series 14) Topical Files with Subseries A) Coal (Boxes 258-270), Subseries B) Railroad (Boxes 271-287), and Subseries C) General A-Z (Boxes 288-389); and Series 15) Printed Material and Works by Others (Boxes 389-399) with Subseries A) Printed Material (Boxes 389-396) and Subseries B) Works by Others (Boxes 397-399).","Lauck often marked his newspapers and other periodical materials according to subject matter. These clippings are arranged according to his original categorical markings, where possible. Where no markings are discernable, they have been artificially sorted into Lauck's categories or other appropriate topical divisions. They are arranged alphabetically by subject with dedicated, separate folders for subjects with large amounts of material. (Brackets [] denote subtopics or linked topics). Files chiefly consist of news clippings but occasionally there is other printed material or charts, etc.","Arranged alphabetically by last name of authors or speakers with subjects noted, if appropriate.","William Jett Lauck, an American economist and statistician, whose work expertise and experience was both broad and varied, was born on August 2, 1879, in Keyser, West Virginia, to William Blackford Lauck, a railway official, and Emma Eltinge (Spengler) Lauck. He attended Keyser High School and Washington and Lee University (Bachelor of Arts, 1903), becoming a Fellow in the department of political economy at the University of Chicago, 1903-1906. Lauck was an associate professor of economics and political science at Washington and Lee University, 1905-1908, until he entered government service in 1908. That same year, he was married to Eleanor Moore Dunlap of Lexington, Virginia, and they had three children, William Jett Lauck, Jr., Eleanor Moore Lauck and Peter Blackford Lauck. Lauck belonged to the Cosmos and Chevy Chase clubs and was a member of Phi Beta Kappa, Kappa Sigma, and Theta Nu Epsilon.","Lauck joining the United States Immigration Commission in 1908-1909, where he designed a survey of immigration for the Commission. Lauck was the chief examiner for the Tariff Board, 1910-1911. The U.S. Commission on Industrial Relations hired Lauck in 1913-1915 as a managerial expert and consulting statistician to design their investigation into industrial problems in the United States. He was an economic advisor on the Canadian Commission on Economic Development, 1916. Lauck joined the U.S. National War Labor Board in 1918 as Secretary. ","Lauck also took part in the national movement for banking reform and the establishment of the Federal Reserve banking system1911-1912. As an expert on railway economics, he represented the Brotherhoods of Locomotive Firemen and Engineers in their demands for wage increases during a series of arbitrations from 1912-1919, the Western freight weight case, 1915, and also represented the railroad unions in several high-profile national railroad arbitrations in the early twenties. Lauck functioned as the economic advisor for presidential candidate James B. Cox in 1920 and 1924. In 1926, Lauck devised a settlement to end the Passaic New Jersey textile strike. ","During a large part of his career, W. Jett Lauck acted as an economic advisor to John L. Lewis and the United Mine Workers, the Committee on Industrial Organization, the United Automobile Workers and other union organizations, in arbitrations and cases, 1919-1939. He was an investigator for the U.S. Coal Commission, 1923 and economist for the Grain Marketing Company, Chicago, 1924-1925. Lauck assisted on the legislative drafting committee for the National Recovery Act in 1933 and as an expert advisor to the Senate Finance Committee on the revision of the National Recovery Act in 1935. He was also a member of various special boards, and a labor advisor to the Coal Section of the National Recovery Act, 1933-1935. He was also often a government expert witness, as seen in his work for the House of Representatives Special Committee on Government Competition with Private Business, 1933. Lauck served as Chairman of the Pennsylvania Anthracite Industry Coal Commission, 1937. ","Lauck was Vice President of the organization American Association for Economic Freedom. He was also an author or co-author of many books and other publications, including \"The Causes of the Panic of 1893\" (1905); \"The Immigration Problem\" with Johann Wolfgang Jenks (1911); \"Conditions of Labor in American Industries\" with Edgar Sydenstricker (1917); \"The Industrial Code\" with C.S. Watts (1923); Political and Industrial Democracy, 1776-1926\" (1926); and \"The New Industrial Revolution and Wages\" (1929) and Editor of \"British War Experience Series.\"","\"W. Jett Lauck: Biography of a Reformer\" by Carmen Brissette Grayson is a 1975 University of Virginia dissertation that covers the early part of Lauck's career up until the Depression.","\"The Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) was a federation of unions that organized workers in industrial unions in the United States and Canada from 1935 to 1955. Created in 1935 by John L. Lewis, who was a part of the United Mine Workers (UMW), it was originally called the Committee for Industrial Organization but changed its name in 1938 when it broke away from the American Federation of Labor.[1] It also changed names because it was not successful with organizing unskilled workers with the AFL.[2]","The CIO supported Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal Coalition, and was open to African Americans. Both the CIO and its rival the AFL grew rapidly during the Great Depression. The rivalry for dominance was bitter and sometimes violent. The CIO (Congress for Industrial Organization) was founded on November 9, 1935, by eight international unions belonging to the American Federation of Labor.","In its statement of purpose, the CIO said it had formed to encourage the AFL to organize workers in mass production industries along industrial union lines. The CIO failed to change AFL policy from within. On September 10, 1936, the AFL suspended all 10 CIO unions (two more had joined in the previous year). In 1938, these unions formed the Congress of Industrial Organizations as a rival labor federation. The Taft-Hartley Act of 1947 required union leaders to swear that they were not Communists. Many CIO leaders refused to obey that requirement, later found unconstitutional. In 1955, the CIO rejoined the AFL, forming the new entity known as the American Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO).\" This summary was taken directly from Wikipedia ","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congress_of_Industrial_Organizations","The Wage Reduction Case was brought by William S. Carter, President of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen and Enginemen, originally against the Atlanta, Birmingham, and Atlantic Railway Company, before the United States Railroad Labor Board, but it eventually became a much larger case involving other Brotherhoods and Unions concerning railroad workers and wages.","Timothy Shea was the Acting President of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen and Enginemen between 1919-1922 .","The Six Hour Day Case was also referred to as the 30 Hour Week in the press and in supporting materials. The work was undertaken by Lauck for David B. Robertson, President of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen and Enginemen.","This case was brought by the Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen and Enginemen demanding that a fireman (helper) be employed on all types of power used in railroad service for safety, including diesel and streamline trains.","The Railway Wage Reduction Case of 1938 was presented before the Emergency Board by W. Jett Lauck on behalf of the Railway Labor Executives' Association.","This case was a call for amendment to the Tariff Act of 1922. Lauck represented a group of domestic manufacturers, including the Glass Containers Association of America, in putting together an argument for an increase in tariffs on imported glass bottles. It is important to note that Lauck did not represent industry in opposition to labor. The Glass Bottles Blowers Association submitted a brief agreeing with the domestic manufacturers, —but only in opposition to foreign goods making American industry and labor obsolete.","The Grain Marketing Company was created to jointly market the product of three grain companies: Armour Grain Company, Rosenbaum Grain Corporation, and Rosenbaum Brothers. W. Jett Lauck served as Director of Appraisals for this venture, preparing a large report on the valuation of the Grain Marketing Company's properties. This report was reproduced in many, slightly altered formats for different purposes, people, and groups, and these variants are the subject of many folders in the case, which contain significant overlap.","The Agricultural Adjustment Administration implemented a new tax on paper towels. The reason given was that they competed with typical cotton towels. W. Jett Lauck advised the Paper Towel Manufacturers Association and prepared their case before the Agricultural Adjustment Administration and Congress.","Some 16,000 textile workers participated in the strike, centered in Passaic, New Jersey and initially organized as the \"United Front Committee\" by the Workers (Communist Party) before being transferred to the leadership of the American Federation of Labor. W. Jett Lauck served as a consulting economist to the strikers, chairman of the Plenary Committee (also known as The Citizens Committee or the Lauck Committee) representing the strikers and overseeing transition to the American Federation of Labor, economist for the National Committee for Passaic Relief and Defense, and member of the Temporary Committee for Establishment of American Standards of Life for Textile Workers, as well as participated in the case on the floor of the Senate and in Senate Committees.","This case was between the Franklin Division of the Franklin Typothetae of Chicago and a collection of unions, namely: the Chicago Typographical Union No. 16, Chicago Printing Pressmen's Union No. 3, Franklin Union No. 4, and Bookbinders' and Paper Cutters' Union No. 8 regarding a cut in wages. W. Jett Lauck represented the unions and prepared their case alongside Arthur Sturgis.","The Guffey-Snyder Act was officially known as the Bituminous Coal Conservation Act of 1935. This law was passed as part of the New Deal and created the Bituminous Coal Commission to set the price of coal. It was ruled unconstitutional and was replaced by the Guffey-Vinson Act in 1937.","Pujo Committe named after the chairman of the Banking and Currency Committee, Representative A. Pujo of Louisiana.","Eugene Meyer was Governor of the Federal Reserve Board and J.W. Pole was Comptroller of the Currency in 1932.","This committee was chaired by Congressman Joseph B. Shannon, (1867-1943), a Democrat from Kansas City, Missouri.","P.J. Morrin was the general president of the International Association of Bridge, Structural, and Iron Workers; Jett Lauck was the economic advisor for the same organization.","The original letters from Franklin D. Roosevelt to W. Jett Lauck were transferred to the UVA Special Collections Franklin D. Roosevelt papers, on February 6, 2005.","The original letters from Upton Sinclair to W. Jett Lauck were transferred to the UVA Special Collections Upton Sinclair papers on February 6, 2005.","The original letters from William H. Taft to W. Jett Lauck were transferred to the UVA Special Collections William H. Taft papers on February 6, 2005.","Manuscript student assistants who worked on the W. Jett Lauck papers for at least one semester include Jacob M. Baker, Shannon Lee, Jacob T. Shaw, and Emily Shipman.","Only two copies of identical duplicates having no annotations were kept. Duplicates were compared and only two were kept of each unique document or publication.  News clippings were only copied if used by Lauck in a case or arbitration, contained an article or other work by him, or information pertaining to his work and career. Others were sorted and arranged by topcs that he had written on the clipping; those with no obvious relevance were discarded. Ledgers and scrapbooks were rehoused in acid free cubic boxes or phase boxes created by the Preservation staff.","Originally the papers were organized with the help of a University of Virginia history seminar sometime between their transfer to Special Collections from the Law Library and 1973, producing a large paper finding aid consisting of the list of the file folder headings. Folders were replaced near the end of the 1990's but some folder headings were lost or corrupted. In 2018, the papers were re-organized into series based on several early indexes created by the office of W. Jett Lauck. Folder headings were corrected based on the indexes, the original paper finding aid, and Lauck's notations on the tops of his documents. Headings were altered on the folders when possible to match the finding aid but only some of the folders were replaced due to constraints of time and money.","Physical processing work was complicated by constant student assistant turn-over and the interruption of the Pandemic of 2020-2021, which prevented onsite work for almost six months and allowed only several onsite short stints per week  the rest of the time. The finding aid is as accurate as these conditions have permitted but there may well be inconsistencies. If such errors are discovered, we welcome researcher input.","Most dockets were found together and left as a series. Occasionally dockets were found with their related papers. In those cases, the dockets remain in the their related individual series and were not moved to the Docket series. At this point it is impossible to be sure of the original order by W. Jett Lauck.","Most dockets were found together and left as a series. Occasionally dockets were found with their related papers. In those cases, the dockets remain in the their related individual series and were not moved to the Docket series. At this point it is impossible to be sure of the original order by W. Jett Lauck.","The index for this case shows that the supporting materials are incomplete. Some materials may have not survived or others may be present in the collection but their direct connection to this particular case has been lost.","See related material in Box 9 under John L. Lewis.","See also Press Releases: Philip Murray Opening Statement and Final Argument.","See related materials in MSS 4742 Box 192.","See also James Couzens files in MSS 4742, Box 308.","Profiteering files include: Exhibits (2 folders); Food Products; Flour; General; and Industrial Establishment (2 folders).","The W. Jett Lauck collection consists of his professional, business and personal papers as an economist, statistician and government consultant on immigration, banking, railroads, coal, and unemployment problems as well as other facets of labor in the United States. Included are correspondence, scrapbooks of news clippings reflecting his activities, labor reports and studies, drafts of congressional bills, legal briefs, and other material concerning labor problems in the United States from its formative World War I years until 1949. They begin with his association with the progressive labor codes of the Taft-Walsh Labor Relations Commission and continue with the Railway Labor Act of 1926; the fight to gain recognition of labor's right to collective bargaining \"through representatives of their own choosing\" under the National Industrial Recovery Act in 1933; the incorporation of its principles in the National Labor Relations Act; and further activity in defense of this act.","Other manuscripts deal with studies of government competition with private business, the American Association for Economic Freedom, the New York Power Authority; branch, chain, and group banking, drafts of speeches, and work diary accounts of activities and meetings with prominent congressional and labor leaders on labor problems and legislation.","The largest portions of the W. Jett Lauck papers deal with cases and arbitrations, chiefly railroad and coal related, his work on various boards and commission and topical files.","His correspondence with individuals heading organizations interested in labor and industrial relations was wide-spread, just as it was with political figures, educators, and labor leaders.\n Among the public figures with whom he corresponded are Bernard Baruch, Homer S. Cummings, Clarence A. Dystra, John T. Flynn, Guy M. Gillette, Leon Henderson, Herbert Hoover, Hugh S. Johnson, Jesse Jones, William S. Knudsen, Robert M. Fa Follette, Jr., Franklin K. Lane, John L. Lewis,  H.C. Lodge, Jr., William G. McAdoo, James M. Mead, Francis P. Miller, Henry Morgenthau, Karl E. Mundt, Donald Nelson, Judge Ferdinand Pecora, Frances Perkins, Gifford Pinchot, James H. Price, Franklin D. Roosevelt, E.R. Stettinius, Jr., Robert F. Wagner, David I. Walsh, Burton K. Wheeler, and Woodrow Wilson.\nThe educators include Hardy Dillard, Edward C. Elliot, Frank Graham, J.W. Jenks, Richard R. Mead, Lewis Tyree, Harry F. Ward, H.B. Wells, and Ray Lyman Wilbur; and the labor leaders Jacob Baker, Solomon Barkin, Van A. Bittner, Sophia Carey, David Dubinsky, P.T. Fagan, John P. Frey, William Green, Sydney Hillman, Earl E. Houck, Thomas Kennedy, Donald MacMillan, and A.O. Wharton.","This series consists chiefly of correspondence but also includes typescripts of speeches by individuals, and financial and other information about organizations.","Correspondents include:  E. Abbott, Louis Adamic, Adrian Adelman, Sara M. Addison, Joseph Agor, Helen Alfred, Fred H. Allen, Irving B. Altman (editor of \"Dynamic America\"), Aluminum Workers of America, Amalgamated Association of Street and Electric Railway Employees, American Association for Labor Legislation, American Association for Social Security, American Council, American Council on Public Affairs, American Farm Bureau Federation, American Guernsey Cattle Club, American Institute for Economic Research, The American Legion, American Political Science Association, American Sugar Cane League, Americana Corporation concerning Lauck's article on United Mine Workers of America, Thomas R. Amlie, Dr. James W. Angell, Charles P. Anson, \"Atlantic Monthly,\" Paul H. Appleby, Leon Ardzrooni (about the death of Thorstein Veblen), Mr. O.M. Armstrong, and Robert W. Arthur.","Correspondents include: Jacob Baker, Kent Baker, Bank of the Manhattan Company, Mary Barclay, A. K. Barnes, Joseph L. Barnett, Gerald Barradas, Barron's (The National Financial Weekly), John Barth, Mrs. Everett Boughton, Mrs. Robert Bennett Bean, Grant L. Bell, William H. Bell, Harold F. Berg, Nelson N. Berry, S. D. Berry, Jacob Billikoph, Margaret G. B. Blachley, James E. Black, Honorable William Harman Black,  Amy Blankenhorn, Heber Blankenhorn, Dr. Thomas C. Blaisdell, Jr., Ellis P. Block, John A. Bohn, E.W.G. Boogher, Book-of-The-Month Club, Inc., Judge Julian F. Bouchelle, Basil Nicholas Helenagoras Bousios, Fenton Bradford, C. Daniel Bremer, Samuel Bristol, G.L. Broaddus, St. Claire Brookes, The Brookings Institution, Herbert Bruce Brougham, E. Kirk Brown, Law Offices of Brown and Brown, H. Russel Brand, Carl P. Brannin, Selig C. Brez, P.F. Brissenden, Professor Leslie Buckler, Raymond Leslie Buell, John Bullock, Bureau of Agricultural Economics, Bureau of Applied Economics, The Bureau of National Affairs, Harold B. Butler, John E. Burton, J.C. Byars, Herman B. Byer, and Reverend James A. Byrnes.","Correspondents include: [Cadle], Jessie L. Campbell, R. Granville Campbell, The Capital News Company,Sophia Carey, Harry J. Carman, J.D. Carneal and Sons Inc.,  Caroline County Library Committee, M.D. Carrel, Samuel McCrea Cavert, The Chesapeake and Ohio Railway Company, The Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone Company, Mrs. Charlotte Chrestien, The Christian Science Publishing Society, Citizens' Council for Total Defense, Brice Claggett, V.M. Clapp, Clark, Dodge and Company, Brokers, Evans Clark, Victor S. Clark, W. A. Clark, Pauline Clarke, J. William Claudy, Thompson Clayton, Dr. Rudolph A. Clemen, Walt Clyde, The Clerk of the Stafford Court House, E.J. Coil, Kenneth Colegrove, George P. Comer, Department of Commerce, Commodity Research Bureau, Inc., Common Council for American Unity, Ellen Commons, Congressional Intelligence, Inc., Consolidated Vultee American Aircraft Corporation, Dr. P. S. Constantinople, W. Dewey Cooke, Edward L. Corbett, James Corbett, John M. Corbett, Council Against Intolerance in America, Council of Young Southerners, Frederick C. Croxton, Cosmos Club, Morgan Cunningham, and Curles Neck Dairy.","Correspondents include: Oscar H. Darter, Henry David, Elmer Davis, Shelby Cullom Davis, William H. Davis, Len De Caux, Kenneth de Courcy, De Jarnette State Sanatorium, Lud Denny, United States Department of Commerce, Marshall E. Dimock (U.S. DoJ), District Unemployment Compensation Board, Edward J. Donohue, Frank P. Douglass, Law Offices of Drain and Weaver, David Dubinsky, Allan Dunlap, Arthur Dunn, Robert W. Dunn, and C. A. Dykstra.","Correspondents include: Joseph B. Eastman, Economic Policy Committee, C. Vernon Eddy, J. A. Efpokito, Gerald Egan, Electric Home and Farm Authority, and Charles T. Estes.","Correspondents include: P. T. Fagan, Reverend Richard M. Fagley, Ruth Ansell Farley, The Farmers and Merchants State Bank, The Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in America, Federal Works Progress Administration for the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, First Bancredit Corporation, First National Bank of Boston, The First National Bank of Keyser, Fjell Line of Great Lakes Transatlantic, Inc., Ralph Fleharty, R. D. Fleming, Courtney Fletcher, Duncan U. Fletcher, M. S. Flint, Frank H. Fljozdal, Fitzgerald Flourney, Hon. Edward J. Flynn, John T. Flynn, Foley, Food Research Institute of Stanford University, B.C. Forbes (Forbes Magazine), R. D. Forbes, Forbes and Myers, Foreign Policy Association, Clark Forman, Fortune, The Forum, Major B. Foster, Founders General Corporation, Mrs. M. N. Fox, Jerome Frank, Frank Brothers, Lafayette Franklin, Franklin Press, Franklin Simon Company, T. McCall Frazier, Free Lance-Star, W. R. Freeman, Paul Comly French, John P. Frey, Elisha M. Friedman, Ruth Friedson, and R. S. Fritter.","Correspondents include: Domenico Gagliardo, George B. Galloway, O. Max Gardner, Honorable Leslie C. Garnett, William Edward Garnett, Stanley Garrison, H. Dymoke Gasson, Paul W. Gates, Gayle Motor Company, Theodore Geiger, Phyliss Geisler, General Elevator Co., General Motors Corporation, Alfred Giardino, Clinton S. Golden, Clem Goodman, Henry J. Goodman \u0026 Co., C. O'Connor Goolrick, John T. Goolrick, Mary K. Gorman, Frank P. Graham, Sally Nelson Gravatt, Walter C. Graves Jr., H. A. Gray, Lanier Gray, H. B. Greybill, Myra Moore Griffith, J. Cleveland Grigsby, Sarah Groomes, Guthrie Lithograph Company, and Walter B. Guy.","Correspondents include: Ernst Haberstadt, Max Haleff, Ford P. Hall, Fred W. Hall, F. S. Hall, Edward W. Hamilton, H. E. Hamilton, Hampden-Sydney College, Hugh S. Hanna, Charles Hansel, William Hard, Harper and Brothers, Emma Harris, Owen Harris, Harvard College Library, Leon Henderson, S.J Henry, Warren F. Hickernell, R. G. Hilldrup, Otto Hillsman and Co., Mary W. Hillyer, S. H. Hines Company, David Hirsh and Son, H. C. Holdridge, Hoover War Library, Herbert Hoover, Harry L. Hopkins, Welly K. Hopkins, Dr. W. E. Hotchkiss, Curtis Hubbard, J.S. Hughes, W. A. Hull, and Thomas Lomax Hunter.","Correspondents include: Major William W. Inglis, Institute of American Meat Packers, Institute of World Economics, International Bank, International Statistical Bureau, Inc., Interstate Bankers Corporation, Investment Bankers Association of America, and Irving Trust Company.","Correspondents include: Gardner Jackson, Meyer Jacobstein, Jjell Lines, Thomas Jefferson (typescript copy of letter, June 11, 1807, concerning newspapers and histories), J. M. Johnson, Honorable Jessie Jones, Roberts W. Jones, N.Y. Journal of Commerce, and The Jury Commission.","Correspondents include: Evelyn Kane, Kappa Sigma House Association, Inc., Augustine B. Kelley, Leon H. Keyserling, Susan M. Kingsbury, Dr. George E. Kingsley, Richard Kirby, John H. Klingenfeld, and Oscar Koppel.","Correspondents include: LABOR, Ladies' Garment Workers Union, (William H. Lamar), Sophia J. Lammers, H. Lamson, Richard V. Lancaster, Thomas Larkin III, Joseph P. Lash, David Lasser, Howard Lee, Joseph N. Leinbach, Albert H. Levene, Robert E. Levine, Charles T. Libby, David E. Lilienthal, The Lincoln National Bank of Washington, Ernest K. Lindley, Geo. W. Linkins, Co., Irving Lipkowitz, Henry T. Lipman, Thomas E. Lodge, Stephen M. Loebl, Norman Lombard, W. C. Looker, Jr., Edward Lynch, and Barrow Lyons.","Topics include: American Legion Convention (1945); Committee for Industrial Organization Procedure and Policy (1935-1936); C.I.O. A.F.L. (1940); Congressman Martin and Mr. MacDougall (1939 March 3); Farmington Conference- War Time Organization Planned by the Administration (1939); Fixation of Coal Prices, Memos Relative to (1939); Fortune Magazine's Conferences or Round Tables (1939); Income Tax Returns of Lewis, J. L. (1940-1941); The Inner Circle (1942 Feb 11); Inter-American Bank (1940); Lindberg on \"Preparedness\" (1940); Missouri Pacific Bonds (1941-1942); National Defense to Post-War Planning (1942-1945); Oil and Gas on a Basis of Equality with Coal (1939); A Plan for Economic Democracy - Article written by Major Holdridge (1939); A Plan for Solving the Economic Crisis by Dr. R.H. Von Liedtke (1937-1941); \"Prohibiting\" Strikes for the Emergency Period (1940); James L. Simpson \"Plan for Maintenance of Economic Balance and Security\" (1940);  The Townsend Plan and Mr. Ivan Towanski (1942); Union Shop and Mr. Leland Olds (1941 November 14); United Mine Workers Suggested Program (1934-1935); War Against Unemployment and Poverty (1940 January 10); Threatened  Competition of Natural Gas with Coal (1944 December 5); and Big Inch Pipe Lines and the Rural Electrification Administration (1946 January 14).","Correspondents include: Bishop Francis J. McConnell, William MacDonald, Ernst D. MacDougall, Donald MacMillan, W. C. MacQuown, R. A. Magowan, Edward C. Maguire, Elizabeth M. Maher, Mason Manghum, Maxwell J. Mangold, Bank of the Manhattan Company, Basil Manly, L. C. Marshall, Thomas O. Marvin, Maryland and District of Columbia Industrial Union Council, Maryland Title and Investment Company, Lucy Randolph Mason, Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company, The Bank of Mathews, Inc., Honorable Maury Maverick, Herbert Mazo, Charles McCarthy, Summerfield A. McCarteney, Bishop Francis J. McConnell, Wm. P. McGinn, Edw. F. McGrady, McGraw-Hill Publishing Company-Inc., Ernest D. McIver, Dr. Archibald McLeish, Thomas P. McTigue, Honorable James M. Mead, Richard R. Mead, Royal D. Mead, D. J. Meserole, Eugene Meyer, Jr.,  Francis Pickens Miller, Francis Trevelyan Miller, Ward B. Miller, H. A. Millis, The Milwaukee Journal, Mine Official's Union of America, John J. Minor, George Minnigerode, William Mitch, Wesley C. Mitchell, R. C. L. Moncure, Jr., Monroe and Berry, C. D. Montague, Jean Montgomery, Monthly Labor Review, Robert Morey, Charles S. Morgan, H. W. Morgan, Marie Morris, J. H. Muirhead, Honorable Karl E. Mundt, and Gorham Munson.","Correspondents include: William R. Nagel, Leonard Nairn, Dr. Philip Curtin Nash, Nash Floor Service, A. Nash Tailoring Company, Natalie, Inc., The Nation, The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, National Association of Manufacturers, National Association of Retired Federal Employees, The National Bank, National Bank of Orange, National Bank of the Republic, National Bank of Washington, National Bituminous Coal Commission, National Broadcasting Company, Inc., National Bureau of Economic Research, National Catholic Welfare Conference, National Child Labor Committee, National Citizen's Council For Defense, The National City Bank of New York, National Cold Steam Company, National Consumers' League, National Council for Prevention of War, National Defense Mediation Board, National Electric Light Association, The National Encyclopedia, National Labor Relations Board, National Lawyers Guild, National Life Insurance Company, National Planning Association, National Resources Planning Board, National Policy Committee, National Press Club, National Recovery Administration, National Resources Board, National Sharecroppers Week, National Window and Office Cleaning Company, National Women's Trade Union League of America, Nation's Business, Nation's Commerce, J. S. Naylor, Donald Nelson, New America, The New Republic, Newsweek, W. S. Newton, The New York Times, George W. Norris, Cecil C. North, The Northern Neck Mutual Fire Association of Virginia, Claudian B. Northrop, and Harold Bernard November.","Correspondents include: Charlton Ogburn, William F. Ogburn, J. G. Ohsol, Joseph C. O'Mahoney, Organization Committee of Social Union, Inc., Mary O'Shaughnessy, William Owen, and John W. Owens.","Correspondents include: Pabst Post-War Employment Awards, A. H. Packard, C. C. Packard, Florence E. Parker, The Parker Corporation, Julius H. Parmelee, Col. Samuel Pascoe, Leo Pavolsky, M. W. Paxton, Jr., Walter Phipes, George Curtis Peck, Ferdinand Pecora, William R. Pendergast, Willis Pepoon, Fred W. Perkins, Thomas W. Perry, Charles E. Persons, Samuel B. Pettengill, Julius I. Peyser, L. W. H. Peyton, David A. Pine, David W. Pipes Jr., Fort Pipes, W. G. Pitero, P.M., Justine Wise Polier, Shad Polier, Wm. T. Powers, Richard T. Pratt, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Evelyn Preston, Harry B. Price, James H. Price, Provisional Committee Toward A Democratic Peace, and Public Affairs Committee.","Correspondents include: Railway Age, Ransdell Inc., Mervyn Rathborne, Stephen Rauschenbush, Carl Raushenbush, The Readers Club, Philip M. Riefkin, Charles S. Robb, James Robb, Newell W. Roberts, D. B. Robertson, Mr. Robey, John M. Robinson, Leland Rex Robinson, Josephine Roche, Rockbridge National Bank, John D. Rockefeller, Jr., Harry L. Rogers, Paul V. Rogers, William N. Rogers, Henry Romeike, Incorporated, Samuel Romer, Walter A. Romer, Leon H. Rouse (with William Green),  Rouss Library, Frances Rowe, and Harold J. Ruttenberg.","Correspondents include: Russell Sage, Lewis D. Sampson, Samuel L. Samuel, Dr. David J. Saposs, Saturday Evening Post, Marshall Schaffer, D. M. Schnapper, L. B. Schnapper, Joseph Schneider, G. Luther Schnur, James T. Shotwell, H. L. Schuh, Montgomery Schuyler, Louis J. Schwab, Henry Herman Schwartz, Ray Scott, Charles Scribner's Sons, Seaboard Air Line Railway Company, Joel Seidman, Shaw-Walker, Chester Shepard, Chester Sheppard, R. T. Shields, Silcox Memorial Fund, Simmons-Boardman Publishing Corporation, Sidney Simon, Richard C. Simonson, John F. Sinclair, Anthony Wayne Smith, C. Archer Smith, Edwin S. Smith, Nelson Lee Smith, S. Granville Smith, Vernon D. Smith, Bernard A. Smyth, H. M. Snead, Jr., Social Union, Inc., The Society for the Advancement of Management, Inc., John E. W. Sohl, L. W. Sorrell, Southern Conference for Human Welfare, Southern Maryland Trust Company, Mr. Sovey, Alexander Spencer, Sphere, R. B. Spindle, George L. Sprague, Saint Albans, Margaret S. Stables, William H. Stafford, Stafford County, Standard Oil Company, Stanford University Library, Louis Stark, State Loan Company, State Teachers College, Henry M. Stephenson, STEEL, Steel Workers Organizing Committee, A. A. Steele, Jean Stephenson, Jos. G. Stephenson, Boris Stern, Harold Stern, E. R. Stettinius, W. M. Steuart, Harry H. Stockfeld, W. L. Stoddard, Benjamin Stolberg, Irving Stone, N. L. Stone, William T. Stone, Chas. G. Stott and Co., Inc., Paul A. Strachan, David Strain, Ralph Strathmore, Nathan Straus, John Studebaker, Ralph G. Sucher, Arthur E. Suffern, Superintendent of Documents (Government Printing Office), Elmer Swack, Paul E. Switzer, Alois P. Swoboda, and Mr. Sydenstricker.","Correspondents include: Ivan Tarnowsky, Tax Policy League, Ordway Tead, Tennessee Valley Authority (Representative Noble J. Gregory), Percy Tetlow, Dorothy Thompson, TIME MAGAZINE, Daniel J. Tobin, John H. Tolan, The Travelers Insurance Company, Beverly Tucker, Henry Saint George Tucker, Earl R. Turner, and The Twentieth Century Fund.","Correspondents include: Alfred P. Wagner, Gordon Wagner, Robert F. Wagner, Thomas C. G. Wagner, J. Forest Walker, Allan E. Walker and Company, George A. Wallace, J. Raymond Walsh, August G. Walters, James N. Walton, James P. Warburg, Dr. Harry E. Ward, R. D. Ward, Ward and Paul, Caroline F. Ware, A.L. Warthen, Charles Washington, Washington and Lee University, \"Washington Post,\" James R. Wason, Elton Watkins, Ralph J. Watkins, Claude S. Watts, Marie Watts, Charles F. Weaver, H. B. Wells, (George) P. West, A. O. Wharton, Ross Wheat, Burton K. Wheeler, William M. Wherry, Hugh A. White, Ralph J. White, W. A. White, T. Y. Wickham, Dorothy G. Wiehl, Dr. Ray Lyman Wilbur, Allan H. Willett, Williams Company, Willis and Willis, Corwin Willson, J. Alfred Wilner, Elsie Cobb Wilson, D. O. Wilson, H. Hazen Wilson, Nelson Wilson, The H. W. Wilson Company, John G. Winant, J. Wise, James Waterman Wise, S. S. Wise, William P. Witherow, J. S. Withrow, Nathan Witt, Laurence C. Witten, Benedict Wolf, World Fellowship, Inc., World Study Tours, and Thomas H. Wright.","Scope note for correspondence files. There has been no attempt to make an exhaustive list of the correspondents in each folder. Most letters were routine correspondence from people seeking information about the group; copies of their publications, speeches, and other educational materials; questions about membership in the group from interested individuals; requests for individuals to become sponsors, members or leaders in the group; leaders of other like-minded organizations; union leadership (often about the lack of funds available to support the American Association for Economic Freedom); or people wanting information about pertinent upcoming legislative bills. Attention on the lists of correspondence is focused particularly on political and public figures, editors, and the legislative and social issues of the day.","These include: American Committee for Protection of Foreign Born; American Council on Public Affairs; Atlantic Charter League; J.M. Artman, editor of \"The American Citizen\"; Representative Thomas R. Amlie; Thurman Arnold, Department of Justice (concerning Frank B. Kellogg statement about the anti-trust Sherman Act); and John B. Abel.","Correspondents include: Alfred L. Bernheim, The Labor Bureau; A.A. Berle banking proposal; Rabbi Barnett R. Brickner, Social Justice Commission; Kent Baker, editor of \"Sphere\" with article sent to him by Lauck, \"Industrial Reconstruction\" attached; David Burdett (conventional economics versus social economics); and G.P. Bronisch, Loyal Americans of German Descent","Correspondents and topics include: Lauck memorandum to Charles H. Chase, (in light of the prospect of a lengthy war and its impact on social and economic reform) informing him of his decision to drastically reduce expenditures by having only one employee to maintain the office (1942); \"Strife and the Worker\" proofs by John F. Cronin; Helen A. Cole, \"The Liberal Worker\"; W.S. Clement and his \"The Ben Franklin Plan\"; Ben V. Cohen, National Power Policy Committee; and the Council for Social Action, Ferry L. Platt, Jr. concerning farm issues.","Correspondents and topics include: Dr. Paul H. Douglas, University of Chicago; Hardy C. Dillard, Institute of Public Affairs, including a letter from John L. Newcomb; Frederic A. Delano, Chairman National Resources Advisory Committee; and a letter to John Dewey.","Correspondents and topics include: Arthur Eggleston, San Francisco Chronicle; Peter Edson, NEA Service; A.E. Edwards concerning the Wagner Labor Relations Act; J.G. Frain; and Charles Flato.","Correspondents and topics include: Alfred C. Gaunt, including \"Smaller Business Lifts Its Eyes\"; Toshi Go, Foreign Affairs Association of Japan; and A.E. Grassby, Winnipeg, Manitoba.","Correspondents and topics include:  Hubert Herring; Sidney Hillman; Fred S. Hall concerning the Industrial Expansion Act (multiple letters); B.W. Huebsch, The Viking Press,  and his concern over the pamphlet \"A New Social Order\"; S.L. Hoover and his question about the Keller Bill and the Association; John Edgar Hoover; and F.J. Hall, editor of \"The United States News\" about numbers of unemployed and other issues (multiple letters).","Correspondents and topics include: Meyer Jacobstein about the Reconstruction Act; and Paul Kellogg.","Correspondence includes: letters to Robert M. LaFollette, Jr.; League for Abundance: League for Industrial Democracy; Harold Loeb; and Dr. Jack Levin.","Correspondents and topics include: secretary of Attorney General Frank Murphy; Darwin J. Meserole, National Unemployment League; Francis P. Miller; Emily Fogg Mead; Homer L. Mead; Lewis E. Meyers; Judge Julian W. Mack; Bishop Francis J. McConnell; George F. Milton, editor \"The Chattanooga News\"; Senator James M. Mead; and letter to Archibald MacLeish, Librarian of Congress.","Correspondents and topics include: Bishop Francis J. McConnell; James W. Miller; Vito Marcantonio; Otto Mayer; Robert E. Mathews concerning the \"sit down strike\" by investment bankers and industrialists in May 1940; and Henry Morgenthau, Jr., letter to.","Correspondence includes: \"The New Republic\"; Douglas Newman, Secretary of the Barradas League; Dr. C.A. Norman; memorandum concerning Senator Norris' presidential qualifications; and Representative Mary T. Norton.","Correspondents and topics include: William Owen; Ernest Minor Patterson; Representative Claude Pepper; Justice Justine Wise Polier; and Jacob S. Potofsky.","Correspondents and topics include: Judge Samuel I. Rosenman; Representative Robert L. Ramsay; Right Reverend Msgr. John A. Ryan.","Correspondents and topics include: John Saxton; Guy Emery Shipler; Edwin S. Smith; William Simkin; B.M. Schnapper concerning the history of the Wagner Act; Ray Scott concerning the \"Fundamental Significance of our Present Day Labor Movement\"; and Porter Sargent.","Correspondents and topics include: Ordway Tead, Harper and Brothers; and Dr. Robert H. Tucker.","Correspondents and topics include: an appreciation of Frank P. Walsh upon his death on May 2, 1939; Matthew Woll, American Federation of Labor; Thomas H. Wright, New America; Harry F. Ward; and Nathan Witt; and N.A. Zonorich.","Includes leases, workman's compensation insurance, correspondence, and unemployment compensation.","These include: \"Policies and Objectives of the American Association of Economic Freedom,\" \"Shrinkages and Hoardings of Purchasing Power Accentuate Current Business Recession,\" \"Hoardings-Taxes Proposed to Stimulate Flow of Credit and Goods and Revival of Business,\" \"Approaches Toward a Concerted Program of Fundamental Economic Reconstruction in the United States,\" various drafts of suggestions for the programs, principles and objectives of the organization, \"Sugar Control,\" \"American Labor's Broadcast to Great Britain,\" \"American Economic Situation of 1937-1938,\" \"Unemployment Insurance,\" \"Industrial Espionage,\" \"Bank-Holding Companies,\" several on social service foundations, \"Economic Freedom in America,\" \"Industrial Reconstruction Act of 1939\" press release draft, \"Capitalism in Crisis,\" \"Prospective Labor Surpluses,\" \"Increased Man Hour Productivity and Technological Unemployment,\" monopoly, and \"Petroleum Quota Controls.\"","These include: participation in management, monopoly, the \"Industrial Reconstruction Act of 1939,\" \"Leaders on the No. 1 Problem,\" \"Federal Administrative Court Bill,\" \"Occupational Groupings,\" \"National Labor Relations Act and Board,\" \"Full Employment Bill,\" \"Senator Claude Pepper,\" \"Senator Lewis B. Schellenbach,\" and starting a American Association of Economic Freedom Bulletin.\"","These include: \"Threatened Crucial Developments,\" \"Anti-democratic philosophies,\" \"Churchill's anticipations, 1932-1939,\" \"Mussolini,\" \"Hitlerism and Nazism,\" \"Profits of Leading Corporations, 1936-1939,\" notes on People's Lobby Conference, and Ickes [speech] on business sabotage of defense.","These titles include: \"Can Unemployment be Ended?\"; \"Challenge to American Democracy\"; \"Civil Liberties and the National Labor Relations Board\"; \"Cure by Shock,\" \"Democracy and Economic Planning\"; \"Economic Reconstruction\"; \"Fundamental Significance of Our Present Day Labor Movement\"; \"Next Step in Democratization\"; \"A New Magna Carta\" \"A New Social Order\"; \"Preparedness for Peace,\"  \"Problems of the National Labor Relations Board.\"","The \"Post-War Reconstruction Bill\" is foldered separately.","Included are: \"Thirty Million Jobs\" by Arthur Dunn; Roundtable: \"Labor's role in Post-War Reconstruction\"; \"Freedom from Want\" by Mr. Walton; \"Nineteenth Century Prophecy of Order\" by Harry Frease; \"The Moral Issue\" by Lowell Mellett; \"A Banking System for Capital and Capital Credit\" by A.A. Berle, Jr.; \"Suggested Housing Program for National Defense Purposes\" by the Congress of Industrial Organizations; and \"A Primer of Current Economics\" [1933].","Included are: Fight for Freedom, Friends of Democracy, and the Gillette Resolution.","These include memoranda, news clippings, an article by George B. Galloway on \"The Imperative of Planning,\" replies, and a speech by W. Jett Lauck.","Includes separate folders on news clippings, some containing criticisms and investigations; problems of the board; and the testimony of John L. Lewis.","Clippings include Wendell Willkie, democracy versus absolutism, banker opinion, national debt, U.S. Attorney General, pump priming the economy, monopolies, religion and democracy, communism, and capitalism and democracy.","Included are: Peace Conditions; People's Congress for Democracy and Peace; Plenty for All League; People's Lobby; Pressure Groups, Attitudes of; Pension Plan – \"Uncle Fred's Automatic Pension Plan\"; Progressives, Conference of; Social Union; Tax-Exempt Bonds; Women in Trade Unions; and Young Democrats.","Topics include: Conferences; Corporation Notes and Memoranda; Kennedy Statement on General Motors Inquiry; Production Costs by T.C. Gordon Wagner; Ratio of Pay Rolls to Returns to Stockholder;Salaries of Officials; and Annual Reports to the Securities and Exchange Commission, 1935 and 1937.","Subjects include: Agreements; Decisions; the Willard E.Hotchkiss Decision in Tar Barrel Case; Negotiations for New Agreements; News clippings; Publications; Report of Homer Martin to the International Executive Board; and a Statement Submitted to Roosevelt by Union Representation.","According to Wikipedia, \"The Commission on Industrial Relations (also known as the Walsh Commission) was a commission created by the U.S. Congress on August 23, 1912 to scrutinize US labor law. The commission studied work conditions throughout the industrial United States between 1913 and 1915. The Chairman was Frank P. Walsh, a labor lawyer and activist from Kansas City, Missouri.","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commission_on_Industrial_Relations","These include: \"Foreign Competition After the War,\" \"The Artificial Dye Industry in the War,\" and \"Business and the War.\"","Includes: \"Secretary Kennedy Gives Union Views on How Hard-Coal Freight Rates Affect Miner\" (December 15, 1933); \"The N.R.A. and Collective Bargaining\" Catholic Welfare Council (September 17, 1934); address before the National Conference on Economic Security (November 14, 1934); and \"Organized Labor and the N.R.A.\" Catholic Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania (November 27, 1934).","Includes: Statement concerning the Wagner-Lewis Economic Security Bill before the Senate Committee on Finance (February 21, 1935); Commencement Address (June 3, 1935); \"Education and the Parochial School System\" (August 19, 1935); \"The Trade Union and Recovery\" (Labor Day, 1935); and \"Unemployment Insurance, Old Age Pensions, and Housing Legislation\" at the White House Conference on Economic Security (December 30, 1935).","Includes: Labor Day address (September 1937); article \"The United Mine Workers of America\" for the \"American Encyclopedia\" (December 2, 1938); address to the Pennsylvania Utilities Commission on the Competition of Natural Gas (April 1940); and a request for Lauck to send his analysis and recommendations concerning a letter from A.J. Altmeyer, Chairman of the Social Security Board, and two other enclosures pertaining to the Associated Gas and Electric Company, New York City (1942 March 27 and 1943 January 23).","Includes: a radio speech supporting Hoover in the election (1928); and a statement at the Hearing on a Code for the Bituminous Coal Mining Industry before the National Recovery Administration (1933 August 10).","Includes: \"Labor and the National Recovery Administration\" at the Meeting of the American Academy of Political Science, Philadelphia (1934 January 6); \"Labor's Part in Industrial Recovery\" at the San Francisco Commonwealth Club luncheon (1934 October 4); Speech for the International Labor Conference, not delivered (1934 October); and a radio address \"The Employee in the Changing World\" under the auspices of the Intercollegiate Council (1934 December 7).","Includes: Statement by Lewis before National Recovery Administration Hearings on Employment Provisions of Codes of Fair Competition (1935 January 30); \"The American Federation of Labor and the National Recovery Administration\" prepared for the \"Annals,\" Philadelphia but never delivered (1935 March 11-12); The United Mine Workers of America and the National Recovery Act\" Madison Square Gardens (1935 March-May 23); and Statement of Approval for the Wagner Housing Bill in the \"United Mine Workers Journal\" (1935 June 1).","Includes: \"The Case for Industrial Unionism\" (November 12, 1935); radio address \"The Future of Organized Labor\" (November 28, 1935); and article for \"Liberty Magazine\" on industrial unionism (1935 December 20).","Includes: a speech on Industrial Unionism before the Cleveland Auto Council (January 19, 1936); \"The Teacher and His Relation to Labor\" for the American Federation of Teachers Convention (June 19, 1936); a radio address \"Industrial Democracy in Steel\" (July 6, 1936); and an article \"Through Organization Industrial Democracy Dawns for Sleeping Car Porters\" celebrating the eleventh anniversary of the organization (July 15, 1936).","Includes: a political campaign statement about [Alf M.] Landon (August 1, [1936]); the draft of a Radio Address on Steel Organization (August 11, 1936); article \"Labor Looks at Education\" (August 17, 1936) appearing in the October 36 issue of \"The Teacher\"; article \"Towards Industrial Democracy\" (August 24, 1936) in appearing in the October 1936 issue of \"Current History\"; and two speeches supporting Franklin D. Roosevelt for President (August 18 and September 19, 1936).","Includes: radio address \"Labor and the Future\" (September 3, 1936); \"Horizontal Versus Vertical Unionism\" in \"Wharton School Magazine,\" University of Pennsylvania (September 8, 1936); an article for the \"The National Young Democrat\" on the Social Security Act (September 1936); and a radio address \"Roosevelt and the Future\" (October 18, 1936).","Includes: article \"The Next Four Years\" for the \"The Nation\" (November 4, 1936); an article \"Committee for Industrial Organization and Economic Recovery\" for the \"Business Review of New York  University\"(November 17, 1936); \"the Future of American Labor\" in \"The American Spectator\" (November 19, 1936); articles on \"The Next Four Years in Labor\" in \"The New Republic\" (November 25 and December 9, 1936); \"The Future of Wages\" for the \"Cleveland News\" Symposium (December 7, 1936); \"Organized Labor and the Student Union\" (December 23, 1936); \"The Need of the Hour for American Labor\" for the \"Progressive Salesman Magazine\" (December 24, 1936); radio address \"Adapting Union Methods to Current Changes- Industrial Unionism\" (December 31, 1936); and an unpublished article written for \"Redbook\" (1936).","Includes: \"The Meaning of Industrial Unionism\" for the \"Christian Front\" (January 13, 1937); \"The Struggle for Industrial Democracy\" for \"Common Sense\" (March 1937); an address delivered at an Anti-Nazi Mass Meeting in Madison Square Gardens (March 15, 1937); article \"The Origin and Objectives of the C.I.O.\"  for the \"San Francisco Chronicle\" (May 11, 1937); and a radio address \"Labor and Supreme Court\" (May 14, 1937).","Includes: \"Technology and Labor\" in \"Massachusetts Institute of Technology Engineering News\" (September 3, 1937); Labor Day address \"Labor and the Nation\" (September 3, 1937); \"Progress of Committee for Industrial Organization\" in the \"Wharton Review\" (October 21, 1937); \"Effect of Moderate and Gradual Wage Increases on Prices and Living Costs\" in \"The Annalist\" (November 12, 1937) a reply to an article by A.T. Shurick on July 30, 1937; and the [Steel Workers Organizing Committee] address \"The Deplorable and Indefensible Attitude of Big Business (December 13, 1937).","Includes: Address for British Broadcasting Corporation \"Struggle of Labor in America\" (March 15, 1938); \"Labor and the Law\" (April 14, 1938); \"Organized Labor and the Future of Democracy\" published in the \"St. Louis Post Dispatch\" (December 11, 1938).","Includes: Statement for Survey Associates (January 3, 1939); and \"Labor Looks South\" in \"Virginia Quarterly Review\" (Autumn 1939).","Includes: article on \"What Does Labor Want?\" (February 29, 1940); \"The Heritage of American Youth\" (March 1940); \"Obligations of American Citizenship\" (April 3, 1940); \"Foreword\" to Mr. Thomas' Testimony before the Temporary National Economic Committee (May 23, 1940); and a Labor Day Speech (August 29, 1940).","Includes: Extension of Library Service to Union for City and State Employees (May 28, 1941); Statement to be issued by Lewis on the Decision of the National Mediation Board on Union Shops (November 13, 1941); and \"The New Solid South\" (December 17, 1941).","Includes: Testimony of Mr. Steinbugler (March 2, 1935); the \"Most Impressive Point Developed by the Hearings\" (March 2, 1935); untitled Memorandum (July 30, 1936); \"Report on the Progress of the Hearing on the Coordination of Minimum Prices before the Bituminous Coal Division (September 16, 1939); \"Proposed Labor Policy for the War Period,\" various memoranda (September 11-November 13, 1939); an analysis of Professor Green's Proposal about pricing and distributing manufactured products (June 3, 1940); and Notes on the Last Ten Years (January-May, 1940).","Includes: Reply to A.T. Shurick suggestions on taxing (November 29, 1940); Response to the foreword of Walt Clyde's book on \"Owner Capitalism\" (December 4, 1940); suggestions about the National Economic Conference (December 12, 1940); Response to W.C. Graves, Jr. (December 23, 1940); Letter about the Raw Materials National Council (December 27, 1940); Memorandum on Fred G. Clark and the American Economic Foundation (February 20, 1941); H.S. Avery to Edward O'Neal and John L.Lewis on agriculture and farm prices (September 8, 1941); Conrad K. Grieb on need for social reconstruction (October 23, 1941); Letters from Alexander Spencer (October 30 and November 26, 1941); and a manuscript of Albert H. Levene (November 30, 1941).","Includes: Memorandum about Post War Depression (January 7, 1942); a response to S. Ferguson, President of the Hartford Electric Light Company about his proposals about deferred wages (January 13, 1942); W.A Hutton, M.D.  letter on post-war finances (January 14, 1942); Thomas Kennedy request for a study on the Cost of Living (January 16, 1942); Request for a response to the document by L.C. Christian on \"How Must We Finance the War?\" (February 3, 1942); a request for a response to a treatise on our financial system by August Walters (February 5-March 18, 1942); additional R.L. Greene communications (February 12,1942); and H.W. Bailey on labor self-determination (March 9, 1942).","Includes: Digest of the Salient Points of a Report on \"Manpower Policy and Labor Relations in the British Coal Industry\" (January 5, 1943); a Leo Chabert document on financing the war (April 4, 1943); and memoranda about an executive conference of the Natural Resources Board at Farmington Country Club, Charlottesville, Virginia, previously held around 1939.","Subjects include the National Recovery Administration, \"Amalgamation of the Two Enginemen's Brotherhoods,\" \"Russian Recognition and the New Deal,\" \"Future Policies of the National Recovery Administration,\" Six-Hour Day of the Railroads, \"Two Men on the Head End of all Railroad Trains,\" and Housing.","Subjects include \"Benefits of Trade Unionism,\" \"Forbes\" article, \"Limit on Weekly Work Hours,\" a letter to Professor Gordon, and \"Labor Movement and the Future of America\"","Subjects include planks for the Republican Platform, Anti-Strike Legislation, a Rejoinder to the Remarks of Fred Gurley, and \"Recommendations to the Board of Investigation and Research\"","A checklist of article titles can be found in the first folder. Titles in the order of the list   include: \"Economics and Christianity\"; \"The Mysterious Soul of the Steel Corporation\"; \"The Anthracite  Operators Should Concede the Check-off\" July 13, 1923; \"Industrial Principles and Not Machinery Are Important\"; \"The So-Called Check-off and Its Significance\"; \"The Report of the Coal Commission on the Anthracite Industry\"; \"The Purchasing Power of Wheat and Cotton\"; \"Private Cars and the Coal Problem\"; \"Mr. McAdoo's Political Availability\"; and \"No More Pre-war Standards of Wages and Working Conditions.\"","Next ten article titles include: \"The Radical - His Significance at Present\"; \"The Soft Coal Problem Again to the Front\"; \"Labor Banks and Their Ultimate Significance\"; \"Political Democracy Must be Supplemented by Industrial Democracy\"; \"Oil and the Southern Pacific\"; \"The Purchasing Power of the Farmer's Dollar\"; \"The Truth is Never Unpardonable\"; \"Private Cars and the Coal Problem\"; \"The Unique Financial Position of the Pullman Company\"; and \"Another Manifestation of the Soul of the Steel Corporation.\"","The next ten article titles include: \"Sugar and the Flexible Tariff Provision\"; \"Conflict or Arbitration\"; \"The Threatened Boomerang\"; \"Cooperation for Mutual Benefit or Profit?\"; \"Secret Police or Conviction for Crime\"; \"Chairman Butler Emits and Omits\"; National Cooperative Grain Marketing Realized\"; \"The Anthracite Operators Should Concede the Check-off\" (possible duplicate); \"Regulation of the Anthracite Monopoly\" September 1 , 1923; \"Why Not Action on Anthracite?\" September 11, 1923; and \"Can a Living Wage Be Paid to Unskilled Labor?\" October 30, 1923.","The next ten article titles include: \"The Failure of Industrial Arbitration\" October 30, 1923; \"Significant Labor Developments During the Coming Year\" October 30, 1923; \"A Dramatic Migration\" concerning African Americans, October 30, 1923; \"Unprotected Pullman Passengers\" October 30, 1923; \"The New Immigration and Its Significance\" November 2, 1923; \"The Probability of Railroad Legislation\" February 7, 1924; \"The Industrial Magna Carta\" February 23, 1924; \"Land Grants to Western Railroads\" February 23, 1924; \"Increased Efficiency of Labor\" February 23, 1924; and \"Real Industrial Statemanship February 25, 1924.\"","The next ten article titles include: \"Some Other Matters of Record\" June 2, 1924; \"The Verdict from Kansas\" August 7, 1924; \"A Real Test for the Tariff Commission\" August 14, 1924; \"A Billion and a Half Railroad Merger\" August 16, 1924; \"Common Sense\" August 19, 1924; \"President Gompers and a Labor Party\" August 19, 1924; \"A Significant Precedent in Financing Farmers Cooperative Enterprises\"; \"Back to the Declaration of Independence\" August 21, 1924; \"A Costly Labor Policy\" August 23, 1924; and \"Brass Tacks, The Red Flag, and the Constitution\" August 23, 1924.","The final group of articles include: \"Industrial Democracy - Our Greatest Problem\" August 27, 1924; \"The Passing of the Money Gods\"; \"The Conference Board Reports on Taxation in Wisconsin\"; \"The Railroad Labor Board\"; \"The Farmer and the Tariff\"; \"Visible and Invisible Tax Burdens\"; \"The Most Helpful Farm Movement\"; \"Radicals and God's Fools\"; \"Militant Friends Needed\"; \"The Unconscious Cruelty of Success\" October 24, 1924; and \"Another Orgy of Railroad Finance.\"","While some chapters have no individual date, they likely all come from drafts in 1931 or 1932. It is unclear which version belongs to each draft, and equally unclear which versions the explanatory note references. Chapter VII is largely missing. The name of the book may have eventually changed to \"The Need for a Unified Banking System.\"","W. Jett Lauck was chairman of the Pennsylvania Anthracite Coal Commission, responsible for investigating the state of the anthracite industry and the coal bootlegging situation in Pennsylvania, as well as recommending action.","The United States Anthracite Coal Commission is a different and separate entity than the Pennsylvania Anthracite Coal Commission over which Lauck presided (see also, \"United Mine Workers of America before the U.S. Anthracite Coal Commission\").","For reference, the Ad Interim Report was a report made halfway through the Commission's studies; the Final Report was the last official report of the Commission and contains recommendations; the Complete Report was a compendium of all of the Commission's work and reports (over 500 pages).","Reports include \"Anthracite Lands and Deposits,\" \"Anthracite Royalties,\" and \"Control of the Anthracite Industry.\"","Reports include \"Financial Operations of Anthracite Companies\" and \"Monopolistic Nature of the Anthracite Industry.\"","These include \"Award of the Anthracite Coal Strike Commission: Subsequent Agreements, and Resolutions of Board of Conciliation\" (July 1, 1936); \"A Labor Case With Merit: Editorial Comment on the Case of the Anthracite Mine Workers\" (1920); and \"Labor Information Bulletin,\" U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (February 1937).","Proposed Bills include the Anthracite Coal Industry Act; the Anthracite Public Authority Bill; the Cooperative Marketing Bill; the Pennsylvania Anthracite Commission; and Suggestions and Opinions.","Files included under Rates contain, the 1933 Freight Rate Case Excerpts and Statistics; Charts and Tables; General Information (see also Anthracite Institute Statistical Data, Maps, and Drawings, Anthracite Producers Statistical Data, Maps, and Drawings); the Interstate Commerce Commission Data; \"Intrastate Rates on Anthracite in Pennsylvania\"; and Rate Fixation in 1915.","Reports include: \"Combination in the Anthracite Industry,\" \"Comparison of Earnings and Wage Rates in the Anthracite and Bituminous Mines of Pennsylvania,\" \"Exhibits of the Anthracite Operators in Reply to Exhibits Presented by the Anthracite Mine Workers,\" \"Irregularity of Employment in the Anthracite Industry,\" \"Occupation Hazard of Anthracite Miners,\" \"Profits of Anthracite Operators,\" and \"The Relationship Between Rates of Pay and Earnings and the Cost of Living in the Anthracite Industry of Pennsylvania.\"","Reports include: \"Reply of the Anthracite Operators to the Demands of the Anthracite Mine Workers,\" \"The Sanction for a Living Wage: A Compilation of Data From Official and Authoritative Sources,\" \"Summary, Analysis, and Statement,\" \"The Trade Union as the Basis for Collective Bargaining: A Compilation of Sanctions and Experiences,\" \"Trade Unions,\" and \"Wholesale and Retail Prices of Anthracite Coal 1913-1920.\"","These exhibits include \"Changes in Cost of Living in the United States, 1913-1922,\" \"A Just and Reasonable Wage,\" and \"Monthly Earnings of Sectionmen.\"","The volume includes exhibits on \"Harmful Effects of Low Wages Upon Health and Morals,\" \"The So-called Law of Supply and Demand,\" \"The Just and Reasonable Wage,\" \"Changes in the Cost of Living in the United States, 1913-1922,\" \"Probable Course of Prices,\" \"Comparison of Prices and Living Costs,\" \"Monthly Earnings of Section Men,\" and \"Monthly Earnings of Section Men – Basic Tables.\"","Includes the following files: Briefs; Construction and Repair of Railroad Equipment; Correspondence on Leasing Out Repair Roads; Minutes of the Philadelphia Hearing; Petition to the Interstate Commerce Commission; Press - Clippings concerning Outside Repair; Press Release Originals; General Electric and Westinghouse; Labor Costs; Louisville to Nashville Railroad; and Miscellaneous.","W. Jett Lauck has also referred to this case as \"the Shopman's Case\" or the \"B.M. Jewell Case.\" Jewell was the President of the Railway Employees division of the American Federation of Labor.","Note that all exhibits were presented before the United States Railroad Labor Board.","Exhibit 11a includes the section \"Financial Mismanagement of the LeHigh Valley Railroad Company\" and Exhibit 12 includes the \"Summary.\"","Exhibit tTitles include: \"Occupation Hazard of Railway Shopmen\"; \"Punitive Overtime\"; \"Industrial Relation on Railroads prior to 1917\"; \"Standardization\"; \"The Recognition of Human Standards in Industry\"; \"The Unity of the American Railway Systems\"; \"Human Standards and Railroad Policy\"; \"Seniority Rules of the National Agreements\"; \"The Sanction of the Eight Hour Day\"; \"The Work of the Railway Carmen,\" and \"The Development of Collective Bargaining on a National Basis.\"","These include: \"Pending Railway Legislation\"; \"The Present Railroad Labor Problem\"; \"The Future Policy as to the Railroads\"; \"Compulsory Arbitration\"; \"Labor Adjustment Boards of the Railroad Administration\"; \"The Reasonableness of the Requests of Locomotive Firemen\"; \"Time and One-Half For Overtime\"; and \"Compulsory Arbitration.\"","The Sleeping Car Conductors Case files consist of several successive cases arranged in this finding aid roughly in the chronological order in which they occurred.","Exhibits include \"An Adequate Basic Wage,\" \"Earnings of Sleeping Car Conductors compared with Changes in the Cost of Living,\" \"Various Factors Indicating Rising Standards of Living in the United States Since 1914,\" \"Compensation of Sleeping Car Conductors compared with other Expenses and Revenue of the Pullman Company,\" and \"General Trend of Wages, 1913-1918, as Compared with Earnings of Sleeping Car Conductors.\"","Exhibits include \"Increased Productive Efficiency of Sleeping Car Conductors and Financial Administration of the Pullman Company,\" \"Increased Labor Productivity,\" and \"Standards of Wage Determination.\"","This file includes information and statistics on Besler Steam Power Trains; the Comparative Costs of Operation; Locomotives in Service; Diesels in Switching Service; Earnings Per Hour; Freight Cars; and General Statistics.","These charts include: \"Anthracite Combination,\" \"The Seven Departments of the Anthracite Industry,\" \"Interlocking Directorates Showing Working Control of Anthracite Operating Companies,\" and \"Profits of Anthracite Combination.\"","Charts include \"Affiliations of Railroads and Banking Houses,\" \"New York Bank Control of Railroads and Railroad Equipment Companies,\" \"New York Bank Control of Coal Mining Companies and Coal Railroads,\" and \"The Geographical Spread of New York Railroad Control.\"","Exhibits include \"Employment and Compensation of Railroad Employees\"; \"Cost of Living\"; \"Methods of Reporting Wage and Hour Data\"; and \"Increasing Output per Worker and Decreasing Wage Cost Per Unit of Output.\"","Exhibits include: \"Trend of Railway Operating Revenues and Total Compensation\"; \"The Rising Tide of Recovery A Survey of the Leading Business Indices\"; \"Labor Movement Supports Railway Workers in Resisting a Wage Cut\"; \"Squandering the Maintenance Dollar\"; \"Financial Mismanagement through Banker Control of Railroads\"; \"Training and Skill of Track and Roadway Section Men\"; \"Average Hourly Earnings in Railroads and Other Industries\"; and \"Estimated Money Share of Individual Railroads in the Proposed 15 Per Cent Pay Reduction.\"","Morgan's statements include those on wages; postwar economic conditions, developments, and private bankers' constructive services; and interference and control in corporate managements.","These include \"Cost of Living is Increasing,\" \"The Railroad Plea of Poverty,\" \"Labor Versus Materials and Interest,\" and \"The Railroads versus the Public Interest\" (printed).","Tables include \"Dividend Performance of Anthracite Railroads and Trunk Lines Compared,\" \"Percentage Relationships of Dividends Paid on Stock Dividends to Total Compensation Paid Employees,\" and \"Distribution of Capital Resources.\"","W. Jett Lauck was employed by the John G. Paton Company of New York City to study the report of the Tariff Commission of 1928 as to the costs of production in the maple sugar industry in the United States and in Canada. He then gave his conclusions on the report to the company and as testimony before the Tariff Commission itself.","There are excerpts from the following: the Tariff Commission Stenographer's Minutes (June 1927), Hearings before the House Committee on Ways and Means (January 1929), Hearings before the Senate Finance Committee (June 1929), Debates in the U.S. Senate (January 1930), Remarks of the Honorable Ernest W. Gibson (February 1930), the Roodenburg Report (November 1930), George H. Burr and Company Report (March 1931), R.G. Dun and Company Report (undated), Cary Maple Sugar Company Federal Income Tax Returns (1921-1930), and Cary Testimony (undated).","These include: Agricultural Adjustment Act and Amendment, House Resolution 9439, Orders from the President and National Recovery Administrator, Regulation 81, Regulation 82, and Secretary of Agriculture Regulations.","Files include the following folders: News clippings; Comparison of Lauck and Mahon Agreements; Final Agreement; General; Hanna Memorandum; Insurance; Saint Louis Public Service Company Union Plan for Cooperation; and Saint Louis Public Service Company Operating Notes.","Files include Pamphlets on Public Utilities, Press on Public Utilities, Press on Governor Roosevelt and Power Utilities, [Union?], and a Report addressed to Frank P. Walsh (1864-1939).","There were two hearings before the United States Tariff Commission related to an investigation into the costs of sugar production. After the January hearings (January 15-24, 1924), other briefs were filed. There was a call for another hearing to be held in March (March 27-28, 1924) after which it was decided that all parties had until April 10th  to file more briefs in connection with the hearings. W. Jett Lauck coordinated and prepared documents for many of the parties involved. He also served as a witness for the Hawaiian Sugar Planters Association.","Includes news about the Bituminous Coal Commission.","This includes the \"Report, Findings and Award of the United States Anthracite Coal Commission of 1920.\"","Files pertaining to Wages include: Wage Demands; Wage Rates of Employees Other Than Contract Miners; Wages, Earnings and Work Conditions in General; Wages in Various Industries 1914 to 1920; and Wages in Various Industries and Occupations: A Summary of Wage Movements 1914-1920.","Mass strikes in both the anthracite and bituminous coal industries in 1922 led to a standstill in production. When the miners and operators failed to reach any agreements, the government abandoned its hands-off approach and attempted to set up commissions to arbitrate the cases. After several failed attempts, both an Anthracite and Bituminous Coal Commission were established to not only arbitrate the current situation, but to investigate its origins in the general history and conditions of the coal industries. W. Jett Lauck was involved with the United Mine Workers of America in both cases to varying degrees. Material is separated into Anthracite and Bituminous, with common material labelled \"General.\"","Some dates are corroborated by list of case exhibits. Where corroboration is not possible, no date has been inferred. Classification as \"exhibit\" is applied based either on inclusion in a numbered list of exhibits or Lauck's handwritten filing directions.","Letters are presumably from W. Jett Lauck to the \"New York Times\" Managing Editor and to the President, regarding the establishment of an Arbitration Board.","These three memoranda are to Mr. Lewis, July 8, 1922; one concerning the production of the Central Competitive Field, April 27, 1922; and a third showing the financial connections of the Boston Financial Group and Secretary Mellon.","The two press releases include a letter to the President regarding Arbitration, July 15, 1922, and the UMWA Statement about Mr. Murray's Speech,  April 22, 1922.","Items include a \"Journal\" Communication sent to every member of Congress, 1922; a Letter to Officers and Members, May 25, 1922; and the UMWA Wage Scale Committee proposed wage scale, February 14, 1922.","The History of the Development of the Anthracite Coal Combination contains five sections: Section 1, Early History of Anthracite Consolidations and Combinations; Section 2, Consummation of the Anthracite Combination, 1896; Section 3, Methods by Which Railroads Have Discriminated in Favor of Their Allied Coal Companies and Favored Clients; Section 4, The Influence of the Combination Upon Freight Rates, Shipping Allotments, and Prices; and Section 5, Present Situation as Regards Ownership and Control.","The unnumbered exhibits include \"The Coal Controversy\" May 1922 and Geological Survey, Weekly Report on the Production of Bituminous Coal, Anthracite, and Beehive Coke, February 11, 1922.","These exhibits include: Exhibit 6: Seasonal Fluctuations in Production and Transportation, June 15, 1921; Exhibit 7: Production, Capacity, Men Employed, Mine Price Per Ton, and Days Lost, 1922, undated; Exhibit 12: Fluctuation in Employment and Earnings of Bituminous Mine Workers, undated; Exhibit 14: Effect of Price Changes Upon Purchasing Power, 1920; Exhibit 16: Chart Showing Production from Union and Non-Union Districts, March 16,  1922.","Memoranda include \"Complete Unionization Would be the Greatest Factor in Stabilization of Soft Coal Industry\" June 19, 1922, several other miscellaneous undated memoranda for Lewis, plus one on the Earnings of Bituminous Mine Workers for a \"Baltimore Sun\" Article, March 17, 1922.","Press Releases include: Capital Investment and Profit of Bituminous Coal Mine Operators, June 1, 1922; Letter From Ellis Searles to Secretary Hoover, February 8, 1922; Letter Submitting Explanatory and Statistical Material Supporting the Preliminary Report of the Commission on Investment and Profit in Soft Coal Mining, July 6, 1922; and Press Release: Russell Sage Foundation Report on \"The Coal Miners' Insecurity\" April 16, 1922.","Morrow's statements were made before the Committee on Labor, April 25, 1922 and before the Interstate Commerce Commission in the Hearing on Railroad Rates, Fares, and Charges, January 19, 1922.","Includes Memoranda and Opening Statement on behalf of Anthracite Mine Workers and Research Material and Data.","Statements concern the Request of Anthracite Operators for a Modification of the Wage Scale, before the Anthracite Board of Reference, George Rublee and Frank Morrison, Typescript and Print copies.","The reply concerns the request of Operators for modification of the Wage Scale, and was by John L. Lewis, etc. on behalf of the United Mine Workers, before the Anthracite Board of Reference, George Rublee and Frank Morrison, Proofs and Print copies.","The Anthracite Freight Rate Case files may be part of the previous group but were placed in a separate divider created by the office of Lauck.","Statistics include four categories: General; Anthracite Coal Carrying Railroads, Typed Originals and Carbons; Financial Performance of Coal Companies (clippings and other statistics),Earnings, and Profit; and Salaries of Operator officials, exceeding $10,000 per year.","Note: an assigned car is a rail car specifically designated for the use of a particular shipper, or, in the case of private cars, for the use of a particular railroad for a specific customer.","Lauck also referred to this as the Mahon Case, after President William D. Mahon.","File includes the Opinion of the Majority of the Arbitration Board, Dissenting Opinion, and a Report on a Proposed Pension Plan","These include: \"Discipline and Education of Locomotive Engineers and Firemen and Standardization of Wages\"; \"Progress Made in Electrification of Railroads and Economics Effected Thereby\"; \"The Railway Dollar, What Became of it in 1913\"; \"Revenue Gains by Representative Western Railroads Available to Compensate Locomotive Engineers and Firemen For Increased Work and Productive Efficiency, 1890-1913\"; The Rise and Fall of Mechanical Stokers\"; \"Miscellaneous Statements in Rebuttal to Exhibits Presented by the Railroads\"; \"Opposition of Railroads to Enactment of Federal Hours of Service Law and Efforts of Federal Government to Enforce Same.\"","All the years but 1933-1935 have an index in the front of the folder.","These \"diaries\" were used to keep a record of Lauck's activities on behalf of a number of organizations, arranged by date.","File includes Lauck's Civil Service record (1945) and National War Labor Board service (1918).","The 1911 blueprint \"General Plan\" of the property was prepared by Thomas Meehan and Sons, Mt. Airy, Philadelphia, Landscape Architects, for Francis T.A. Junkin, Lexington, Virginia. The \"Map of Mulberry Hill, Lexington, Virginia,\" 1926, with surrounding properties, was done by R.E. Witt, Certified Land Surveyor.For a typed description of the property by R.E. Witt and a note by W. Jett Lauck, see Box 224 Folder 4.","The Bureau of Applied Economics, Inc. was a \"private, independent, scientific organization, established in 1914 for the purpose of doing research and analytical work in the field of industrial, commercial, banking and general economic activities\" according to one of its brochures. It was located in Washington, D.C. \"where the governmental departments, commissions and other organzations with their specialists, archives and unrivaled library facilites render such research more effective and productive than any other city in America\" according to a page from an unknown directory. Hugh S. Hanna was the Director and W. Jett Lauck was listed as both the Chairman of the Advisory Board and the specialist for money and banking.","One of the chief functions of the Bureau of Applied Econonics was to create publications about importand current issues in the field of labor conditions and industrial relations. These were intended to be brief (50-75 pages) but authoritative and written by a specialist in the subject so that anyone interested in the subject could have access to the gist of all the information in one place and for a low cost. ","File includes Monthly Statements, Proofs of Notices, Subscribers and Sales.","File includes Correspondence, Papers, and Table of Contents.","Lauck taught a course on the History of the Labor Movement at the American University.","The Notes chiefly include Political Science, Sociology, Labor vs Capital, Economics, Constitutional Law, American Government, and Agriculture.","These College Notes are chiefly concerned with the Reciprocity Concept and the Chicago Conference with sections on Cuba and Hawaii; Distribution; Receiverships; Sociology and Tariffs; and Printed Material.","Much of this material is fragmentary or incomplete and it possibly has some material of W. Jett Lauck mixed in.","These photographs include the \"Funeral Procession of Stephen Horvath, McKees Rocks, Pennsylvania, August 14, 1909. Photographs are mostly unidentified and some do not include W. Jett Lauck.","These photographs are mostly unidentified and undated but does includes William Harmon Black and Major Miller Taylor. and his wife.","This file consists of seven oversize photographs, including a Staff Conference; the Immigration Commission, Washington D.C. (1907); three photographs of Lauck with the same two  unidentified men; W.D. Mahon; A.A. Mitten; Earl E. Houck; an unidentified man; and an unidentified hearing.","This folder includes four oversize photographs  of Public Code Hearings on Bituminous Coal Industry, 1933 August 9; Cigar Manufacturing Industry AAA Code Hearing, 1933 November 22;  Structural Steel and  Iron Fabricating Industry N.R.A. Hearing, 1933 October 30; and Anthracite Coal Industry, NRA Code Hearing, William H. Davis Deputy Administrator, Washington, D.C., 1933 November 17","Topics include Agriculture and Farms, Airlines and Aviation, Argentina, Atlantic Charter—Poland*, Atomic Energy and Weapons (see also, J—Japan), Australia, and the Automobile Industry.","Topics include Bank Fraud, Banking and Bankers, Baruch Report, Big Three, Bretton Woods Agreement—International Monetary Fund, British Elections 1945, British Labor Party, British Labor Reports and the Second World War and Budget.","Topics include Cartels, Chamber of Commerce, Canada, Capital/Capitalism, Charter [U.N.] (see also, S—San Francisco Conference), Chemical Warfare, Cherry Blossoms—Washington D.C., China, The Church (see also, Religion and Faith), Churchill, Winston (see also, People), Comintern, Communist Party, Congress, Cost of Living, and Cuba.","See also, Strikes, U—United Mine Workers.","Topics include Debt, Defense, Deflation, Democracy, Democratic Party, The Depression, Diplomacy, Disease, Driving [Winter], and Dumbarton Oaks Conference.","Topics include Economic Bill of Rights, Economic Development [Committee], Economic Policy (see also, B—Bretton Woods Agreement, Post-War Reconstruction), Economic Rights, Economy of War, Employment (see also, U—Unemployment), Electric Workers, Electricity, and Excess Capacity.","Topics include Farms, Fear, Flooding, Food [Costs] [Rations] [Shortages], Food as Weapon, Foreign Policy, Freedoms, France, Franco, and Full Employment America.","Topics include General Motors [Strike] (see also, Strikes), Germany, G.I. Bill, Gold Standard, Government in Business, Grain Marketing, Great Britain, Growth of Democracy, Hapsburgs, and Hatch-Burton-Ball Bill.","Topics include Industrial Divide, Industry, Inflation/Deflation, and Israel.","Japan [and the Atomic Bomb], Jefferson [And the Declaration of Independence], The Jewish People [in Nazi Germany], Jobs as a Property Right, and Kipling, Rudyard (see also, People).","Topics include Labor [and War], Latin America, League of Nations (see also, World Government), Legal Aid Societies, Lend-Lease, Liberalism, and the Lima Conference, Liquor Problem, and Living Wage.","Topics include Magna Carta, Massachusetts Academy, Meat Industry (see also, Strikes), Middle Class, Monetary Reform, Morale [Poor], and Moving Pictures.","Topics include National Association of Manufacturers, National Income, National Interest, \"New Era\" 31*, New York State Industrial Survey Commission 28*, New York Transit Strike, Office of Price Administration, and Oil.","Topics include Pacifists, Packing Houses, Thomas Paine,  Palestine, Pan-American Union, Patents, Peace, Pennsylvania Labor Act, Philanthropy, Poland, Political Minorities, Population [United States] 1940, Power, The Press, Price Controls, Prisoners of War, Production, Profit-Sharing, Profiteering, Public Service, and Pump-Priming the Economy.","For more clippings on people see also: C—Churchill, K—Kipling, P—Paine, R—Roosevelt, Rural Electrification Administration [Harry Slattery], S—Stalin, and T—Truman.","File contains topics such as: Post-War Deflation, Post-War Europe, and United States Labor, Industry, and the Economy.","Topics include: Race and Racial Strife, Radar, Railways and Railroads, Reciprocity – British Agreement, Reconstruction Finance Corporation, Reconversion [and Wages] (see also, Post-War Reconstruction), Re-employment (see also, Post-War Reconstruction), Republican Party, Republican Record, Right Wing Reaction, Roosevelt, Rural Electrification Administration [Harry Slattery], Russians who Fought for Germany in World War II.","Topics include: San Francisco Conference (see also, United Nations), Savings, Sherman Act, Social Security, Socialism, Socialized Medicine, South America, The South [and Politics], The South [and Poll Tax Ban], Southern Revolt, Soviet Union/Russia, Spain, St. Lawrence Seaway, Stalin, Subsidy, Sugar, Supreme Court, Packing the Supreme Court, and Syria.","See also, Coal, G-H—General Motors [Strike], M—Meat Industry, N-O—New York Transit Strike, Steel, and U—United Mine Workers.","Topics include: Tariff Bill, Taxes, Textiles, Third Political Party, Totalitarian States, Troops, Truman [Report], Trusteeships; Unemployment, (see also, E—Employment), Unions, United Kingdom [Britain], United Mine Workers (see also, Coal), Unity, National\nVirginia, and Virginia Budget Efficiency.","See also S—San Francisco Conference and World Government.","Topics include: Wage Central, Wages, Wagner Health Bill, Wall Street, War, War Aims, War and Capital, War Contracts Settlement, War Cost, War Crimes, War Labor Board, War Production Board, Work Week, World Bank, and World War II [Battles].","This file includes agendas, correspondence, reports, membership, and the tentative program.","Topics include: American Mining Congress Declaration of Policy, \tdisagreements over the NRA code, gasoline and coal, new processes, and the right to strike.","This file includes an \"Investigation of Paint Creek Coal Fields of West Virginia,\" \"The Truth about Coal River Collieries,\" \"West Virginia Coal Fields\" (Senator Kenyon), Colorado Coal Fields, and a List of West Virginia Coal Fields.","Includes Houde Engineering Company Memorandum submitted to the National Labor Relations Board, the Hunt Memorandum outlining the Study of Competing Fuels, Lauck's review of \"The Coal Industry\" by Glen L. Parker, the Keller Bill for the Mississippi Valley on the Relative Importance of Fuels, \"Oil-Coal Mixtures as Industrial Fuel\" by J.E. Hedrick, and the Coal Cost of Producing Electricity, by J. Leonard Matt in the \"New York Herald Tribune.\"","The Railroads Financial History material was used in preparation of exhibits for the Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen and Enginemen Case and updated for use in later cases involving railroads.","These news clippings include: British railway strike, credit, Thomas Dew Cuyler article on 1922 strike, Henry Ford's railroad, Gould System, Inadequacies of Railroad Management, Mergers, Nickle Plate Deal, Receiverships and Foreclosure Sales During 1920, and Railroad Retirement Act of 1937.","Publications include: Decisions, Dockets, Announcements, Lawsuits, Orders, and Reports.","Lauck was on staff as an economist and one of the stockholders for this enterprise. Some stationery has the name \"The Gallatin Institute of Applied Economics\" in the header.","Files include Memoranda from I.A. Rice to W. Jett Lauck, Recommendations, and Rent Law.","Includes a bill on the guaranty of bank deposits legislation and the Glass-Steagall Act (printed).","Banking files include Credit Facilities of the Country, Federal Reserve Board Legal Opinion on Bank Centralization (printed), News clippings, Reform, and the United Labor Bank and Trust Company Dissolution.","Includes files on British wage controversy and the coal industry during World War II, coal industry problems, and the British Coal Mines Act.","Cigar Manufacturing Code of Fair Competition files include Amendments proposed by Abraham Goldbloom and Jett Lauck, including Revisions made by Conference on October 20, 1933; Briefs and Statements (1933); Codes (1933-1934); and Profits and Statistical Data (circa 1929-1933).","These include: Table of Contents, Agents of Concentration and Railroads; Cotton Mills (director); Public Utilities (directors); Concentration of control of Financial and Industrial Resources; Public Utilities (securities), Public Utilities (affiliations), and Public Utilities (summary and tables).","These include: Summary of Banker Control in American Industry; Concentration of Financial Control of Industry; Concentration of Control of the Iron Ore Mining Industry; Report on Public Utilities; Concentration and Control of Money and Credit; Industrials (directors), Agents of Concentration, Coal (statistics), Iron and Steel Report (summary), Industrials (report), Railroads (statistics), Cotton Industry, Coal and Iron Mining; and Concentration of Control of Various Industries (iron, coal, water).","These files include the Bill by Colonel W.G. Williams (1946); an Inquiry by the Federal Power Commission Control (June 27, 1945); and the Memoranda of Colonel W.G. Williams, 1945-1946).","These files include: Miscellaneous, including charts - W. G. Williams (1945-1946); Gas and Oil Pipelines, including a proposed letter from Admiral Stuart to President John L. Lewis (October 16, 1944); and the United States Department of the Interior report of Investigations (July 1945).","Constitutional Amendment files include: Action by Organizations (1936-1937); Articles and News clippings (1935-1939); Bills, including those proposed by Benson, Costigan, Ford, Gray, Maas, and Marcantonio (1935-1937); Challenges to the Authority of the Supreme Court to Declare Legislative Acts Unconstitutional, Notes and Memoranda by W. Jett Lauck, Donald R. Richberg, Merle D. Vincent and Henry [Warrum] (1935-1936); and Correspondence and Memoranda about the New York and Washington, D.C. Meetings (1936).","Constitutional Amendment files include: Detroit Conference (1937); History and Comments (1936?); National Committee and Reports from Henry T. Hunt (1936); National Conference about (1936-1937); Recommendations and Suggestions made by President Roosevelt for a Bill to \"Pack the Supreme Court\" (1937); and Speeches by David J. Lewis and Daniel C. Roper (1935).","Material includes the labor and production costs of cotton, silk and wool goods before and after World War I.","Files include a Memorandum on Major Berry and Conference Plans (1935 November, undated); News (1936-1937); Press Releases (1936-1937); and Summaries and Reports (1936 June-July).","Memoranda topics include the Austrian state railways, the book \"Railroad Melons, Rates, and Wages\"; the suggestions of Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Vice-President Tatnall for railroad improvements; the Cincinnati Southern Railway; and Cooperatives.","These include speeches and statements of Governor Earle, Chief Justice Hughes, British House of Commons, Secretary of State Hull, Secretary Ickes, Robert H. Jackson, Governor Frank Murphy, Senator Norris, Secretary Frances Perkins, Burton K. Wheeler, and Wendell L. Wilkie.","This opinion was given by the General Counsel of the Federal Reserve Board.","These files include the first through third versions introduced in the 72nd Congress in 1932, S. 3215, S. 4115, and S. 4412.","These House bills include: H.R. 7250 (a bill creating national mortgage banks); H.R. 7620 (a bill to create Federal Home Loan Banks); H.R. 11340 (a bill to require national banking associations to furnish bonds to protect depositors against loss of deposits); H.R. 11422 (a bill to regulate the value of money, and for other purposes); and H.R. 12280 (an act to create Federal Home Loan Banks).","Includes an article by Lauck, \"America's New Immigrants\" and reviews of his book with Jeremiah Jenks, \"The Immigration Problem. A Study of American Immigration Conditions and Needs.\"","Includes a Memorandum from Lucius E. Wilson and Research concerning the cotton industry (1890-1912), economic consumption, 1890-1914,  prepared by Frances P. Valiant, centers of population (1914), prices (1914), tendencies in real wages (1900-1913), and wages and prices  (1912-1914)","The topics include: Agriculture; Anti-Strike Bill; Book Reviews; Bituminous Coal; Child Labor Law; Civil Service Employment, Reclassification and Retirement; Federal Employment; Federal Coal Commission; and Foreign Industry and Labor.","The topics Include: Health; Housing; Immigration; Industrial Accidents; Labor Mobility; Milk Bill; National Industrial Conference; New Jersey Chamber of Commerce; Public Health Service; Punitive Overtime; Racial Question, Commission on (\"Negro Wage Earners\"); Seaman's Act Revision in Merchant Marine Bill; Soldiers' Adjusted Compensation Legislation; Steamship Business Training; and United States Steel Corporation Pension Fund.","Two of these files focus on Employee Representation - Efficiency through Cooperation, and include \"A Report on Workers' Participation in Management\" with an appendix, by W. J. Lauck, March 1921.","Companies include: Bethlehem Steel Company, Endicott Johnson and Company, Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company, International Harvester Company, Midvale Steel and Ordnance Company, Standard Oil Company of New Jersey, and General.","Files include: Distribution of Output of Industry; Foreign Trade; General; Labor; Mass Production and Distribution; Production and Stock Market; and Prosperity.","Labor topics in these files include: Labor and Churches (1922-1937); Labor and Industrial Policy during World War I, Memoranda on (1917-1918); Labor Gazette Program (undated); General material (1914-1920); Labor in Great Britain (1918-1937); Labor Injunctions (1927-1932); Labor Insurance (1928); Labor Legislation and Politics (1928); Labor Organizations (1910-1929); Labor Policies (1928); and Labor Problems (1919).","Additional Unemployment topics include: Joint Committee on Unemployment; Press; Social Effects of Unemployment, Statistics; and the Wagner Bills.","Interstate Commerce Commission files include: Decision on Freight Rates in Anthracite Case; Five Per Cent Case; Hearing on Rates on Grain, etc.; Operating and Wage Statistics; and Petition concerning the \"Inefficiency of Railroad Employees.\"","Additional Interstate Commerce Commission files include: Rules on Locomotive Inspection; Rules of Practice; Rules governing Classification of Steam Railway Employees; and Seasonal Variation of Railway Operating Income.","Additional files include: Labor Conditions, including mining accidents; Manufacturers; and Monthly Production of Pig Iron in the United States.","Journeymen Stone Cutters of America files include: Affidavits and Letters on Indiana Situation; Agreements; Amalgamation (Knoxville Wage Scale); Arts and Crafts Industry - Mr. M. W. Mitchell; Bloomington and Bedford Names and Local Vote; Cast Stone Industry Code; Limestone Code; Limestone Code Statement for Hearings and Suggested Complaint to the National Labor Board; the Marble Manufacturing Code, President Mitchell; Press Releases and Miscellaneous; the Sandstone Code and Statement by M.W. Mitchell, President of the Journeymen Stone Cutters' Association of North America.","Additional Labor Costs files include: Bituminous Mine Workers; Book Paper Industry; Canned Salmon; Canned Vegetable Industry; Coal; Construction; Copper Production and Sale; Cotton Industry; Cotton, Silk, and Wood Goods Production Before and After World War I; and Fertilizer Industry.","Additional Labor Costs files include: Hide and Tanning Industries; Leather and Shoe Industries; Pig Iron; Railroads, including Eastern, Operating, Southern, and Western; Relation to Prices; Shoe Industry; Steel Production in the United States; Sugar Profiteering; Summary; Various Industries; and Women's Muslin Underwear Industry.","The Living Wage subtopics include: The Case for a Living Wage; Cost; Cost of Rearing Children; Department of Labor; Effects; Fair Labor Standards Act (Bills, Interpretations, Regulations, etc.); Farmers; and General Press (1 of 2 folders).","Living Wage subtopics include: General Press (2 of 2 folders); Harmful Effects of Low Wages; Lauck Statements; Miscellaneous; National War Labor Board; Practicability (2 folders); Request for a Ruling from the United States Railroad Labor Board on the Living Wage;  \"Sanction for a Living Wage\"? Quotation Verification Work for Lauck's book with that title; Statement of the National War Labor Conference; and an Undated Essay on \"The Just and Reasonable Wage.\"","These documents include the Charter, Constitution, General Plans of Work, Explanation and Comment, Outline of Organization and Scope of Work at the Outset, By-Laws, Suggestions and Notes on Separate Trust Fund, and an article \"Employee Ownership\" by Thomas E. Mitten.","Mitten Management topics include: Labor Cooperation in Australia; Organized Labor in New Orleans; Personal News clippings; Press; and Strikes in Philadelphia and Buffalo.","Literature includes the New York Advertising Club Plan, Memoranda and Principles, etc., which also includes articles by Fred Brenckman and Isador Teitelbaum.","Items include the Conscription of Property Senate Bill 1579 and Consumer Division of Defense, Labor, and Steel.","These files include a report of the Iron Ore Committee, a copy of the \"National Natural Resources Act,\" and the Report of the Planning Committee for Mineral Policy.","These bills include the Bill for Stabilization and Conservation of Natural Gas and Petroleum and the Cole Bill (H.R. 7372) Petroleum Conservation Act.","Files include General; a Brief; Mr. McGinn's Statement; General Producers Company, Mr. Taylor and John L. Lewis; and Sinclair Company - Maintenance of Retail Prices.","Apparently Lauck used his work with the Philadelphia Rapid Transit Company as a basis for his book, \"Political and Industrial Democracy, 1776-1926.\"","Includes files on the following companies: Baltimore and Ohio Railroad; Bank of Italy; Boston Consolidated Gas Company; Chicago Surface Lines; Colorado Fuel and Iron Company Plan; Columbia Conserve Company; Comparison of Fundamentals; Comparative Plans; Dennison Manufacturing Company; Dutchess Bleachery; Employee Representation and the Union (PRT); Employee Stock Ownership (PRT); Endicott-Johnson Company (PRT); Filene; Ford Motor Company; International Harvester Company; Investment Bankers and Cooperative Plans; Louisville Railway Company; Loyal Legion of Loggers and Lumbermen; and Milwaukee Electric Power and Light Company.","Includes files on the following companies: \tNash Tailoring Company; New Cooperative Plan; Packard Piano Company; Pennsylvania Railroad; Peoples Gaslight and Coke Company; Philadelphia Convention; Printz-Biederman Company; Southern Railway; Standard Oil Company; Summary with 1939 clipping; and Union Recognition Case.","Includes news clippings about the Electric Bond and Share Company, Power Authority of New York and others.","Includes a speech by Frank P. Walsh before the  Public Ownership League of America and a Research Bulletin on the Potomac Electric Power Company of Washington.","These files include ones for Analysis, Bradstreet's, Dun's, General, and Government Control of Prices.","Profiteering files include those on: Address of the President; Agricultural Supplies; Articles by W. Jett Lauck and others (2 folders); Banks; Memorandum to Judge W.H. Black; Building Material; Coal; and Copper.","Profiteering files include: Corporate Earnings and Government Revenues (3 folders); and Corporations, Profits of (3 folders).","Profiteering files include: Industries, various, (3 folders); Manly, Basil M. - Survey of American Industrial Conditions; Meat Packing; Metal Trades; Miscellaneous Industries; 1921; Petroleum; Post War Profits; and Press Statements (2 folders).","Profiteering files include: Railroads During and After the War (American); Railroad Equipment; Shoes and Clothing; Speeches in Congress; Steel;  Sugar; Summary; and War Contracts.","Includes the following filers: the Chicago Memorandum; Pending Work file; press release about the need for co-ordination of transportation facilities; press or news clippings; and railroad employee insurance.","Files include a draft of a letter to President Roosevelt and a memorandum on Russia from Lauck.","Russia or Soviet Union files include: \"The Red Trade Menace\"; Research by Dunlap; Social and Economic Conditions, chiefly clippings, including concessions, the cotton case, credit, political and propaganda (2 folders); and Trade Mission.","Files include: \"The Agricultural Situation in the United States\"; \"Labor Banking Movement in the United States, Analysis of\"; \"Membership of Labor Unions\"; and \"Report of the Negro in Industry\".","Files include: Proposal for Cotton Purchase from the United States (3 folders); \"Recent Shifts in Industry\"; \"Report of the Railroad Situation in the U.S.\"; Research – Miscellaneous; and Tariffs.","Files include: Anderson, Paul E. – Reports and Memoranda; Ballantine's Report [on Transportation by Waterway as Related to Competition with the Rail Carriers in the United States]; Commodity Studies, including livestock, potash, green coffee, grains, and rubber; Correspondence; and Department of Commerce Outline.","Files include: Digest of Hearings and Reports; Electric Generation Capacity, U.S.A.; Extent of Railway Operations; News clippings, including article from \"The New Republic\"; Notes and Outline; and Panama Canal Traffic effect upon Railroad Rates.","This file includes a Railway Labor Executives' Policy statement, statement of the Baltimore Association of Commerce, and a paper about the  \"Effect of the Proposed Great Lakes-Saint Lawrence Deep Waterway on the Coal Industry.\"","The file includes articles by Lester Velie (\"Lean Years for the Rails\"), Harold D. Kootz (\"The Railroad Crisis\"), and one about new types of equipment; a speech by Harry S. Truman on railroad financing; a memorandum about railroads serving the Great Lakes ports; and a memorandum to Robertson about the position of Western railroad presidents concerning the waterway prior to 1933-1934.","Reports include: \"Analysis of its effects upon railroad and coalmining industries\" by W. Jett Lauck; \"Coordination of Transportation Agencies\" [by W. Jett Lauck?]; Report of Railroad Coordinator's Freight Traffic Report, including freight rate increases and petroleum pipeline rates; and Report of the Railroad System, Beneficial Effects of project upon.","Files for this committee include: General (2 folders); Papers submitted by J.W. Garrow and White; the Report, both Typescript and Printed (2 folders); Uniform Manufacturers Association Statement; United States Chamber of Commerce Presentation; and Vouchers and Expenses submitted by W. Jett Lauck.","Files include Awards, Decisions, and Authorizations (printed) and Exhibits prepared for the Board by Lauck and associates.","Socialism files include; \"What it is and what it is not\" and History in the United States.","Files include: \"Compilation of the Social Security Laws\"; Correspondence with Barbara Nachtrieb Armstrong (Chief of Staff for Social Security Planning of the Committee on Economic Security; Correspondence with Pauling C. Gilbert; Directory of State Employment Security Officials; and Draft Bills for State Unemployment Compensation.","Files include: H.R. 4142 (Lewis Bill); H.R. 7260 (Social Security Act); Information Primer on the Committee on Economic Security; Inventory of Job Seekers Registered at Public Employment Offices; and League of Nations Staff Pension Fund.","Files include: Major Migratory Routes in the United States; Memoranda to Mr. Kennedy; National Women's Trade Union December Bulletin; Newspapers; and \"Old Age Insurance.\"","Files include: Pamphlets and Print Materials; Preliminary Report on Occupations of Job-Seekers in 43 States; \"The Problem of Insecurity\" (Committee on Economic Security); Radio Address of Frances Perkins, Secretary of Labor; and Recommendations of the Social Security Board Federal Advisory Council.","Files include: \"Social Security Act and War Manpower Commission\" and Social Security Board Federal Advisory Council Binder of Documents (2 folders).","Files include: Social Security Board Federal Advisory Council Meeting (June 1940); Social Security Board Federal Advisory Council Meeting (October 1942); \"Social Security in Defense and After\"; Statements on the Wagner-Lewis Economic Security Bill; Thrift and Security Foundation, Inc.; \"Two Special Reports on Social Legislation\" (Business Advisory Council); United Mine Workers of America Proposed Retirement Plan; and Vocational Training Program for National Defense.","Topics include: Mineral production, \"A Working Economic Plan for the South,\" Washington and Lee as a Southern institution, and the Southern Commercial Congress (all printed).","File includes memoranda to John L. Lewis and suggestions by Katharine Pollak, federal regulation and steel codes.","Topics include a file on Arbitrations, including Portland, Maine; Eastern Massachusetts Street Railway; Boston Elevated Railway Company; and Cumberland County Power and Light Company. Other railway topics include: District of Columbia; \"Low Fares\" article by Louis B. Wehle; the Mahon Case; and a Report by Delos F. Wilcox.","Files include: \"The Bridgemen's Magazine,\" Vol. XXXIII, Nos. 11 and 12; Conferences; H.R. 7596 (To License and Regulate Inter-State Coal Corporations); H.R. 12285 (Ellenbogen's Bill); H.R. 12499 (Wood's Steel Bill); Lauck Notes and Memoranda; and Lists of Materials Prepared in Connection with Iron Workers.","Files include: P.J. Morrin Exhibits I (a), II, and III-VIII; P.J. Morrin's Report as Labor Advisor to Chairman of the Labor Advisory Board and his Statement Before the National Recovery Administration; Possible Projects – Golden Gate Bridge, San Francisco, California and United States Courthouse, New York City; Statement of William P. McGinn to Deputy Administrator; and \"Summary and Objectives of Proposal for New National Recovery Act Legislation.\"","Files include: the Fair Tariff League; Press, including the French situation; and Wood Pulp, Woolens and Worsteds (2 folders).","Taxation files include: \"Conclusions and Constructive Suggestions as to Tax Revision\" by David B. Robertson; News clippings, Printed Material and Press Releases (2 folders); and Notes and Drafts.","Files include: copies of clippings at back of folder; Charts used by Isador Lubin in his Testimony; and Notes by W. Jett Lauck and associates.","Topics include: \"Dynamics of Transport\"; \"How Transport has Shaped the Pattern of National Development\"; \"Objectives of Public Policy\"; \"Problems of Interest Groups\"; \"Problems of National Defense\"; Problems of Rate Levels and Rate Relationships\"; \"Problems of Regulatory Policy\"; \"Problems of Transportation Policy – Review of Basic Issues and Alternative Solutions\"; \"Problems of Transport Coordination\"; \"What Lies Ahead in Transportation\"; and \"What the Transportation System Looks Like Today.\"","Files include information about the 1922, 1934, 1940 (2 folders), and 1946 Conventions.","Wage files include: American Federation of Labor; Articles, Bibliography on Wage Cutting and on a Saving Wage; Disease; Earnings in Ohio; \"A Fair and Reasonable Wage\"; and Minimum Wage (2 folders).","Wage files include: Productive Efficiency Theory; Productivity; Railroad; Rates; Real Wages; Regulation; Report on \"Wages and Hours of Labour in Canada\" and Report of Australian Royal Commission; Standard of Living; Various Industries (2 folders); Wage Adjustments; White Collar Workers; Women; and Works Project Administration.","Topics include: the wartime control of labor (France), War Labor Conference Report (February 25, 1918), \"Labor Policies and the War, War Profits Bill, war and labor, and war tax law.","Materials include: a pamphlet \"Negro Women in Industry in 15 States,\" and other printed material from the Department of Labor and the Women's Bureau.","Titles include: \"American Institute for Economic Research Monthly Bulletin\" (1944) and \"Automotive War Production\" (1945).","Titles include: \"Babson's Washington Reports\" (1938-1939); \"Bank of the Manhattan Company of New York (1946); and \"The Bulletin\" from the International Typographical Union (1945-1946).","Titles include: \"California Safety News\" (1919); \"Common Sense\" (1944); and \"Congressional Daily\" (1941, 1944-1946).","Titles include: \"Economic Notes\" (1939); and \"The Economic Outlook\" (1940, 1944).","Titles include: \"Foreign Commerce Weekly\" (1941) and \"Foreign Policy Bulletin\" (1943, 1946).","Titles include: \"Human Events\" (1947); \"International Post-War Service Statistical Bureau\" (1943); and \"International Statistical Bureau Foreign Letter\" (1943-1944).","Titles include: \"National Bureau of Economic Research\" (1933-1934); \"The National Grange\" (1932); \"People's Lobby Bulletin\" (1945); \"Private Newsletter\" (1934); and \"Propaganda Analysis\" (1939).","Titles include: \"Report of the Mexico City Bureau\" (1940); and \"The Southern Patriot\" (1945-1946).","Titles include: \"United Business Service\" (1941); United Construction Workers News (1946); \"Washington Review\" from Chamber of Commerce, U.S. (1940, 1943); and \"The Yardstick Catholic Tests of a New Social Order\" (1941-1942, 1944).","Includes booklets on \"Diplomatic List\" (1925); National Policy Committee booklet, \"Implications to the United States of a German Victory\" (1940); \"The Storm Washington D.C. January 27-28, 1922; \"The Story of the Globe\" (undated); andClifford Thorne (undated).","Includes: National Association Real Estate Boards (1924); National Monetary Association (1923, undated); \"National Transportation Institute Freight Rates and Prices, 1867-1923\" (1923); New Jersey Teacher Retirement and Pensions (1919); and New School for Social Research (1920).","Includes: Railroads (1944); Remedial Loan Societies (1928); and Remington Rand Inc. (1935).","Includes: Schools (1928-1929); Sperry Corporation (1936); Standard Oil Company (1922); and Standard Statistics Company (1925).","Includes: Virginia State Chamber of Commerce (1924-1930); and \"A Brief History of Taxation in Virginia,\" by Edgar Sydenstricker (1915).","Includes: Senator George D. Aiken (1941), Thurman Arnold on \"Labor Against Itself\" and Antitrust Law Enforcement (circa 1941, undated).","Includes Samuel Brodbelt with a letter to Lauck, February 1, 1940.","Includes: Charles H. Chase on Trade Credit Banking (1934); John Corbin on National Planning (1932).","Includes: Maurice R. Davie, \"What Shall We Do About Immigration? (1946); Eleanor Davis \"The Future of Personnel Administration in the US\" typescript (undated); Edward T. Devine, \"American Labor's Improved Status Since 1914\" (1928); and Wallace B. Donham, \"National Ideal and Internationalist Idols\" (1933).","Includes: Marriner S. Eccles (1939); Irving Fisher \"The Debt - Deflation Theory of Great Depressions\" (1933); and Harry Emerson Fosdick sermon \"A Christian Conscience about War\" (1925).","Includes: Walter Graves, Jr., an open letter concerning Hitler and the British Isles (1941); Senator Pat Harrison (1925); W.P. Harvey, articles on living wage, and capital and labor (undated); Leon Henderson on Use of Small Loans for Medical Expenses (1930), and Alice Hosteler article on Producer-Consumer Relations (undated).","Includes: Benjamin A. Javits, (1933-1934); Jefferson Institute, including an address by Daniel C. Roper (1934); George L. Knapp on Senator Edward P. Costigan of Colorado (undated); and Dr. Julius Klein, \"The Business Trend Since 1921\" (1927).","Includes: J.C. Laughlin, \"Demand and Prices,\" August 1932; William M. Leiserson, \"Labor Past as Key to Labor Future,\" February 10, 1944; Max Lerner, \"Revolution in Ideas,\" 1939; Alexander Levene, \"Modification of the Antitrust Laws and Purchasing Power\" (1932); and John L. Lewis \"Problems of Organized Labor\" (1936).","Includes samples of his articles with a biographical summary up to 1933.","Includes: William G. McAdoo, about William Jennings Bryan (1925); Leifer Magnusson, about the International Labor Organization and the American Federation of Labor (undated); Maury Maverick on \"How Solid is the South?\"(1943); Claudius T. Murchison, \"A Great Deal, Some of It New\" (1934); Reinhold Niebuhr, \"Jerome Frank's Way Out\" (undated); Edwin G. Nourse, \"The Nature and Future of Private Enterprise\" (1941); Frances Perkins, speech press release, 1936; Gifford Pinchot, \"Wages, Margins and Anthracite Prices\" and \"Business and Government in the Economic Crisis,\" (1923-1931).","Includes: Jackson H. Ralston \"Superficiality of International Law,\" 1922; Donald R. Richberg and his Labor Plan (1944); John D. Rockefeller, Jr., \"Considerations Concerning Labor Standards,\" 1922; Daniel C. Roper, \"Regimentation and Recovery\" and \"Trade and Commerce in Perspective,\"1934; and Dr. John A. Ryan, \"Organized Labor Today\" (1926).","Includes: Alexander Sachs on Problems of National Recovery (1937); David J. Saposs, \"Current Anti-Labor Activities\" (1938 April 11); Louis G. Silverberg \"Law and Order: Social Menace\" (1938); Upton Sinclair, \"An open Letter to the President\" (undated); Isidor Teitilbaum (undated); and Lawrence Todd (August 1933).","Includes: Henry A. Wallace, speeches (1937-1942); Sidney Webb \"Four Weeks in England\" (1919); Carl I. Wheat, California Railroad Commission, (1927); William Allen White, \"A Yip From the Doghouse\" (1937); Honorable Roy O. Woodruff \"War Frauds\" speech, 1922; and Owen D. Young speeches (1930-1932).","Includes \"Economic Planning\" (undated); \"When President's Play Politics\" (1938); and fiction pieces written for magazines like \"Ken\" (undated).","Note: Diaries on microfilm M-1239-1241; Use of original diaries restricted due to fragile condition.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Lauck, W. Jett (Lauck, William Jett), 1879-1949","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 4742","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/724"],"normalized_title_ssm":["W. Jett Lauck papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["W. Jett Lauck papers"],"collection_ssim":["W. Jett Lauck papers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["Lewis, John L. (John Llewellyn), 1880-1969"],"geogname_ssim":["Lewis, John L. (John Llewellyn), 1880-1969"],"creator_ssm":["Lauck, W. Jett (Lauck, William Jett), 1879-1949"],"creator_ssim":["Lauck, W. Jett (Lauck, William Jett), 1879-1949"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Lauck, W. Jett (Lauck, William Jett), 1879-1949"],"creators_ssim":["Lauck, W. Jett (Lauck, William Jett), 1879-1949"],"places_ssim":["Lewis, John L. (John Llewellyn), 1880-1969"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The largest group of W. Jett Lauck papers was given to University of Virginia Law Library by Charles Chase, Washington, D.C. in April 1954 and then transferred from the Law Library to the University of Virginia Special Collections Library on March 23, 1973 and October 7, 1974. The second accession (formerly MSS 4742-a) was given to the Special Collections Library on October 31, 1979, by Charles Chase, with Peter B. Lauck and Eleanor M. Lauck, Annapolis, Maryland, as the donors of record. The last accession (formerly MSS 4742-b)was given to the Libary on 2012 by Peter B. Lauck and Eleanor M. Lauck."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945","New Deal, 1933-1939","Depressions - 1929","United Mine Workers of America","Labor unions","American Association for Economic Freedom","Anthracite coal--Pennsylvania","Railroads -- History","Railroads","Electric railroads","World War, 1914-1918","Economics"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945","New Deal, 1933-1939","Depressions - 1929","United Mine Workers of America","Labor unions","American Association for Economic Freedom","Anthracite coal--Pennsylvania","Railroads -- History","Railroads","Electric railroads","World War, 1914-1918","Economics"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["212 Cubic Feet"],"extent_tesim":["212 Cubic Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWork diaries used to keep a record of Lauck's activities on behalf of a number of organizations, arranged by date in Boxes 216-219. Due to their fragile condition, access to the original diaries is restricted. Researchers should use the diaries on microfilm M-1239-1241.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStudent grades were removed from the file and placed in the control folder box for MSS 4742.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Work diaries used to keep a record of Lauck's activities on behalf of a number of organizations, arranged by date in Boxes 216-219. Due to their fragile condition, access to the original diaries is restricted. Researchers should use the diaries on microfilm M-1239-1241.","Student grades were removed from the file and placed in the control folder box for MSS 4742."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are fifteen series in this collection. The two largest series are the Cases and Topical series. The majority of series have at least two subseries. Lauck had created two earlier indexes to his files and they were used to shape the current re-organization of the collection, particularly concerning the case files. Some of the decisions concerning arrangement were made due to the difficulties of completing the processing of the W. Jett Lauck papers during the Pandemic of 2020-2021. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAn Outline of the Arrangement is as follows: Series 1) Correspondence (Boxes 1-16); Series 2) American Association for Economic Freedom (Boxes 17-37 and Card files boxes 1-12); Series 3) National War Labor Board (Boxes 38-56); Series 4) Congress of Industrial Organizations (Boxes 57-67); Series 5) Commission on Industrial Relations (Boxes 68-72); Series 6) Articles, Memoranda, and Speeches by W. Jett Lauck (Boxes 73-91) with Subseries A) Work created by W. Jett Lauck for use by himself (Boxes 73-91), Subseries B) Work created by W. Jett Lauck for other people to use (Boxes 82-88), and Subseries C) Banking Monograph by W. Jett Lauck (Boxes 89-91); Series 7) Pennsylvania Anthracite Coal Commission (Boxes 92-103); Series 8) Cases (Boxes 104-204) with  Subseries A) Railroad (Boxes 104-146), Subseries B) General (Boxes 147-169), and Subseries C) Coal (Boxes 170-204); Series 9) Arbitrations (Boxes 205-211); Series 10) Dockets and Other Records of Work by W. Jett Lauck (Boxes 212-219); Series 11) Personal, Financial and Miscellany Papers (Boxes 220-233) with Subseries A) Financial Correspondence and Files (Boxes 220-225), Subseries B) Bureau of Applied Economics (Boxes 225-226), Subseries C) College Notes and School Papers (Boxes 227-230), and Subseries D) Notes, Notebooks, Photographs, Post cards and Miscellany (Boxes 230-233); Series 12) The National Recovery Act and National Recovery Administration (Boxes 234-241) with Subseries A) General Files (Boxes 234-238) and Subseries B) National Recovery Administration Codes (Boxes 238-241); Series 13) Oversize Scrapbook Volumes of Newspaper Clippings and News clippings Files with Subseries A) Scrapbooks (Boxes 242-252) and Subseries B) News clipping Files (Boxes 253-257); Series 14) Topical Files with Subseries A) Coal (Boxes 258-270), Subseries B) Railroad (Boxes 271-287), and Subseries C) General A-Z (Boxes 288-389); and Series 15) Printed Material and Works by Others (Boxes 389-399) with Subseries A) Printed Material (Boxes 389-396) and Subseries B) Works by Others (Boxes 397-399).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLauck often marked his newspapers and other periodical materials according to subject matter. These clippings are arranged according to his original categorical markings, where possible. Where no markings are discernable, they have been artificially sorted into Lauck's categories or other appropriate topical divisions. They are arranged alphabetically by subject with dedicated, separate folders for subjects with large amounts of material. (Brackets [] denote subtopics or linked topics). Files chiefly consist of news clippings but occasionally there is other printed material or charts, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically by last name of authors or speakers with subjects noted, if appropriate.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["There are fifteen series in this collection. The two largest series are the Cases and Topical series. The majority of series have at least two subseries. Lauck had created two earlier indexes to his files and they were used to shape the current re-organization of the collection, particularly concerning the case files. Some of the decisions concerning arrangement were made due to the difficulties of completing the processing of the W. Jett Lauck papers during the Pandemic of 2020-2021. ","An Outline of the Arrangement is as follows: Series 1) Correspondence (Boxes 1-16); Series 2) American Association for Economic Freedom (Boxes 17-37 and Card files boxes 1-12); Series 3) National War Labor Board (Boxes 38-56); Series 4) Congress of Industrial Organizations (Boxes 57-67); Series 5) Commission on Industrial Relations (Boxes 68-72); Series 6) Articles, Memoranda, and Speeches by W. Jett Lauck (Boxes 73-91) with Subseries A) Work created by W. Jett Lauck for use by himself (Boxes 73-91), Subseries B) Work created by W. Jett Lauck for other people to use (Boxes 82-88), and Subseries C) Banking Monograph by W. Jett Lauck (Boxes 89-91); Series 7) Pennsylvania Anthracite Coal Commission (Boxes 92-103); Series 8) Cases (Boxes 104-204) with  Subseries A) Railroad (Boxes 104-146), Subseries B) General (Boxes 147-169), and Subseries C) Coal (Boxes 170-204); Series 9) Arbitrations (Boxes 205-211); Series 10) Dockets and Other Records of Work by W. Jett Lauck (Boxes 212-219); Series 11) Personal, Financial and Miscellany Papers (Boxes 220-233) with Subseries A) Financial Correspondence and Files (Boxes 220-225), Subseries B) Bureau of Applied Economics (Boxes 225-226), Subseries C) College Notes and School Papers (Boxes 227-230), and Subseries D) Notes, Notebooks, Photographs, Post cards and Miscellany (Boxes 230-233); Series 12) The National Recovery Act and National Recovery Administration (Boxes 234-241) with Subseries A) General Files (Boxes 234-238) and Subseries B) National Recovery Administration Codes (Boxes 238-241); Series 13) Oversize Scrapbook Volumes of Newspaper Clippings and News clippings Files with Subseries A) Scrapbooks (Boxes 242-252) and Subseries B) News clipping Files (Boxes 253-257); Series 14) Topical Files with Subseries A) Coal (Boxes 258-270), Subseries B) Railroad (Boxes 271-287), and Subseries C) General A-Z (Boxes 288-389); and Series 15) Printed Material and Works by Others (Boxes 389-399) with Subseries A) Printed Material (Boxes 389-396) and Subseries B) Works by Others (Boxes 397-399).","Lauck often marked his newspapers and other periodical materials according to subject matter. These clippings are arranged according to his original categorical markings, where possible. Where no markings are discernable, they have been artificially sorted into Lauck's categories or other appropriate topical divisions. They are arranged alphabetically by subject with dedicated, separate folders for subjects with large amounts of material. (Brackets [] denote subtopics or linked topics). Files chiefly consist of news clippings but occasionally there is other printed material or charts, etc.","Arranged alphabetically by last name of authors or speakers with subjects noted, if appropriate."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Jett Lauck, an American economist and statistician, whose work expertise and experience was both broad and varied, was born on August 2, 1879, in Keyser, West Virginia, to William Blackford Lauck, a railway official, and Emma Eltinge (Spengler) Lauck. He attended Keyser High School and Washington and Lee University (Bachelor of Arts, 1903), becoming a Fellow in the department of political economy at the University of Chicago, 1903-1906. Lauck was an associate professor of economics and political science at Washington and Lee University, 1905-1908, until he entered government service in 1908. That same year, he was married to Eleanor Moore Dunlap of Lexington, Virginia, and they had three children, William Jett Lauck, Jr., Eleanor Moore Lauck and Peter Blackford Lauck. Lauck belonged to the Cosmos and Chevy Chase clubs and was a member of Phi Beta Kappa, Kappa Sigma, and Theta Nu Epsilon.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLauck joining the United States Immigration Commission in 1908-1909, where he designed a survey of immigration for the Commission. Lauck was the chief examiner for the Tariff Board, 1910-1911. The U.S. Commission on Industrial Relations hired Lauck in 1913-1915 as a managerial expert and consulting statistician to design their investigation into industrial problems in the United States. He was an economic advisor on the Canadian Commission on Economic Development, 1916. Lauck joined the U.S. National War Labor Board in 1918 as Secretary. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLauck also took part in the national movement for banking reform and the establishment of the Federal Reserve banking system1911-1912. As an expert on railway economics, he represented the Brotherhoods of Locomotive Firemen and Engineers in their demands for wage increases during a series of arbitrations from 1912-1919, the Western freight weight case, 1915, and also represented the railroad unions in several high-profile national railroad arbitrations in the early twenties. Lauck functioned as the economic advisor for presidential candidate James B. Cox in 1920 and 1924. In 1926, Lauck devised a settlement to end the Passaic New Jersey textile strike. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring a large part of his career, W. Jett Lauck acted as an economic advisor to John L. Lewis and the United Mine Workers, the Committee on Industrial Organization, the United Automobile Workers and other union organizations, in arbitrations and cases, 1919-1939. He was an investigator for the U.S. Coal Commission, 1923 and economist for the Grain Marketing Company, Chicago, 1924-1925. Lauck assisted on the legislative drafting committee for the National Recovery Act in 1933 and as an expert advisor to the Senate Finance Committee on the revision of the National Recovery Act in 1935. He was also a member of various special boards, and a labor advisor to the Coal Section of the National Recovery Act, 1933-1935. He was also often a government expert witness, as seen in his work for the House of Representatives Special Committee on Government Competition with Private Business, 1933. Lauck served as Chairman of the Pennsylvania Anthracite Industry Coal Commission, 1937. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLauck was Vice President of the organization American Association for Economic Freedom. He was also an author or co-author of many books and other publications, including \"The Causes of the Panic of 1893\" (1905); \"The Immigration Problem\" with Johann Wolfgang Jenks (1911); \"Conditions of Labor in American Industries\" with Edgar Sydenstricker (1917); \"The Industrial Code\" with C.S. Watts (1923); Political and Industrial Democracy, 1776-1926\" (1926); and \"The New Industrial Revolution and Wages\" (1929) and Editor of \"British War Experience Series.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"W. Jett Lauck: Biography of a Reformer\" by Carmen Brissette Grayson is a 1975 University of Virginia dissertation that covers the early part of Lauck's career up until the Depression.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"The Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) was a federation of unions that organized workers in industrial unions in the United States and Canada from 1935 to 1955. Created in 1935 by John L. Lewis, who was a part of the United Mine Workers (UMW), it was originally called the Committee for Industrial Organization but changed its name in 1938 when it broke away from the American Federation of Labor.[1] It also changed names because it was not successful with organizing unskilled workers with the AFL.[2]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe CIO supported Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal Coalition, and was open to African Americans. Both the CIO and its rival the AFL grew rapidly during the Great Depression. The rivalry for dominance was bitter and sometimes violent. The CIO (Congress for Industrial Organization) was founded on November 9, 1935, by eight international unions belonging to the American Federation of Labor.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn its statement of purpose, the CIO said it had formed to encourage the AFL to organize workers in mass production industries along industrial union lines. The CIO failed to change AFL policy from within. On September 10, 1936, the AFL suspended all 10 CIO unions (two more had joined in the previous year). In 1938, these unions formed the Congress of Industrial Organizations as a rival labor federation. The Taft-Hartley Act of 1947 required union leaders to swear that they were not Communists. Many CIO leaders refused to obey that requirement, later found unconstitutional. In 1955, the CIO rejoined the AFL, forming the new entity known as the American Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO).\" This summary was taken directly from Wikipedia \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congress_of_Industrial_Organizations\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Wage Reduction Case was brought by William S. Carter, President of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen and Enginemen, originally against the Atlanta, Birmingham, and Atlantic Railway Company, before the United States Railroad Labor Board, but it eventually became a much larger case involving other Brotherhoods and Unions concerning railroad workers and wages.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTimothy Shea was the Acting President of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen and Enginemen between 1919-1922 .\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Six Hour Day Case was also referred to as the 30 Hour Week in the press and in supporting materials. The work was undertaken by Lauck for David B. Robertson, President of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen and Enginemen.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis case was brought by the Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen and Enginemen demanding that a fireman (helper) be employed on all types of power used in railroad service for safety, including diesel and streamline trains.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Railway Wage Reduction Case of 1938 was presented before the Emergency Board by W. Jett Lauck on behalf of the Railway Labor Executives' Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis case was a call for amendment to the Tariff Act of 1922. Lauck represented a group of domestic manufacturers, including the Glass Containers Association of America, in putting together an argument for an increase in tariffs on imported glass bottles. It is important to note that Lauck did not represent industry in opposition to labor. The Glass Bottles Blowers Association submitted a brief agreeing with the domestic manufacturers, —but only in opposition to foreign goods making American industry and labor obsolete.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Grain Marketing Company was created to jointly market the product of three grain companies: Armour Grain Company, Rosenbaum Grain Corporation, and Rosenbaum Brothers. W. Jett Lauck served as Director of Appraisals for this venture, preparing a large report on the valuation of the Grain Marketing Company's properties. This report was reproduced in many, slightly altered formats for different purposes, people, and groups, and these variants are the subject of many folders in the case, which contain significant overlap.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Agricultural Adjustment Administration implemented a new tax on paper towels. The reason given was that they competed with typical cotton towels. W. Jett Lauck advised the Paper Towel Manufacturers Association and prepared their case before the Agricultural Adjustment Administration and Congress.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome 16,000 textile workers participated in the strike, centered in Passaic, New Jersey and initially organized as the \"United Front Committee\" by the Workers (Communist Party) before being transferred to the leadership of the American Federation of Labor. W. Jett Lauck served as a consulting economist to the strikers, chairman of the Plenary Committee (also known as The Citizens Committee or the Lauck Committee) representing the strikers and overseeing transition to the American Federation of Labor, economist for the National Committee for Passaic Relief and Defense, and member of the Temporary Committee for Establishment of American Standards of Life for Textile Workers, as well as participated in the case on the floor of the Senate and in Senate Committees.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis case was between the Franklin Division of the Franklin Typothetae of Chicago and a collection of unions, namely: the Chicago Typographical Union No. 16, Chicago Printing Pressmen's Union No. 3, Franklin Union No. 4, and Bookbinders' and Paper Cutters' Union No. 8 regarding a cut in wages. W. Jett Lauck represented the unions and prepared their case alongside Arthur Sturgis.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Guffey-Snyder Act was officially known as the Bituminous Coal Conservation Act of 1935. This law was passed as part of the New Deal and created the Bituminous Coal Commission to set the price of coal. It was ruled unconstitutional and was replaced by the Guffey-Vinson Act in 1937.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePujo Committe named after the chairman of the Banking and Currency Committee, Representative A. Pujo of Louisiana.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEugene Meyer was Governor of the Federal Reserve Board and J.W. Pole was Comptroller of the Currency in 1932.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis committee was chaired by Congressman Joseph B. Shannon, (1867-1943), a Democrat from Kansas City, Missouri.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eP.J. Morrin was the general president of the International Association of Bridge, Structural, and Iron Workers; Jett Lauck was the economic advisor for the same organization.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["William Jett Lauck, an American economist and statistician, whose work expertise and experience was both broad and varied, was born on August 2, 1879, in Keyser, West Virginia, to William Blackford Lauck, a railway official, and Emma Eltinge (Spengler) Lauck. He attended Keyser High School and Washington and Lee University (Bachelor of Arts, 1903), becoming a Fellow in the department of political economy at the University of Chicago, 1903-1906. Lauck was an associate professor of economics and political science at Washington and Lee University, 1905-1908, until he entered government service in 1908. That same year, he was married to Eleanor Moore Dunlap of Lexington, Virginia, and they had three children, William Jett Lauck, Jr., Eleanor Moore Lauck and Peter Blackford Lauck. Lauck belonged to the Cosmos and Chevy Chase clubs and was a member of Phi Beta Kappa, Kappa Sigma, and Theta Nu Epsilon.","Lauck joining the United States Immigration Commission in 1908-1909, where he designed a survey of immigration for the Commission. Lauck was the chief examiner for the Tariff Board, 1910-1911. The U.S. Commission on Industrial Relations hired Lauck in 1913-1915 as a managerial expert and consulting statistician to design their investigation into industrial problems in the United States. He was an economic advisor on the Canadian Commission on Economic Development, 1916. Lauck joined the U.S. National War Labor Board in 1918 as Secretary. ","Lauck also took part in the national movement for banking reform and the establishment of the Federal Reserve banking system1911-1912. As an expert on railway economics, he represented the Brotherhoods of Locomotive Firemen and Engineers in their demands for wage increases during a series of arbitrations from 1912-1919, the Western freight weight case, 1915, and also represented the railroad unions in several high-profile national railroad arbitrations in the early twenties. Lauck functioned as the economic advisor for presidential candidate James B. Cox in 1920 and 1924. In 1926, Lauck devised a settlement to end the Passaic New Jersey textile strike. ","During a large part of his career, W. Jett Lauck acted as an economic advisor to John L. Lewis and the United Mine Workers, the Committee on Industrial Organization, the United Automobile Workers and other union organizations, in arbitrations and cases, 1919-1939. He was an investigator for the U.S. Coal Commission, 1923 and economist for the Grain Marketing Company, Chicago, 1924-1925. Lauck assisted on the legislative drafting committee for the National Recovery Act in 1933 and as an expert advisor to the Senate Finance Committee on the revision of the National Recovery Act in 1935. He was also a member of various special boards, and a labor advisor to the Coal Section of the National Recovery Act, 1933-1935. He was also often a government expert witness, as seen in his work for the House of Representatives Special Committee on Government Competition with Private Business, 1933. Lauck served as Chairman of the Pennsylvania Anthracite Industry Coal Commission, 1937. ","Lauck was Vice President of the organization American Association for Economic Freedom. He was also an author or co-author of many books and other publications, including \"The Causes of the Panic of 1893\" (1905); \"The Immigration Problem\" with Johann Wolfgang Jenks (1911); \"Conditions of Labor in American Industries\" with Edgar Sydenstricker (1917); \"The Industrial Code\" with C.S. Watts (1923); Political and Industrial Democracy, 1776-1926\" (1926); and \"The New Industrial Revolution and Wages\" (1929) and Editor of \"British War Experience Series.\"","\"W. Jett Lauck: Biography of a Reformer\" by Carmen Brissette Grayson is a 1975 University of Virginia dissertation that covers the early part of Lauck's career up until the Depression.","\"The Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) was a federation of unions that organized workers in industrial unions in the United States and Canada from 1935 to 1955. Created in 1935 by John L. Lewis, who was a part of the United Mine Workers (UMW), it was originally called the Committee for Industrial Organization but changed its name in 1938 when it broke away from the American Federation of Labor.[1] It also changed names because it was not successful with organizing unskilled workers with the AFL.[2]","The CIO supported Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal Coalition, and was open to African Americans. Both the CIO and its rival the AFL grew rapidly during the Great Depression. The rivalry for dominance was bitter and sometimes violent. The CIO (Congress for Industrial Organization) was founded on November 9, 1935, by eight international unions belonging to the American Federation of Labor.","In its statement of purpose, the CIO said it had formed to encourage the AFL to organize workers in mass production industries along industrial union lines. The CIO failed to change AFL policy from within. On September 10, 1936, the AFL suspended all 10 CIO unions (two more had joined in the previous year). In 1938, these unions formed the Congress of Industrial Organizations as a rival labor federation. The Taft-Hartley Act of 1947 required union leaders to swear that they were not Communists. Many CIO leaders refused to obey that requirement, later found unconstitutional. In 1955, the CIO rejoined the AFL, forming the new entity known as the American Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO).\" This summary was taken directly from Wikipedia ","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congress_of_Industrial_Organizations","The Wage Reduction Case was brought by William S. Carter, President of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen and Enginemen, originally against the Atlanta, Birmingham, and Atlantic Railway Company, before the United States Railroad Labor Board, but it eventually became a much larger case involving other Brotherhoods and Unions concerning railroad workers and wages.","Timothy Shea was the Acting President of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen and Enginemen between 1919-1922 .","The Six Hour Day Case was also referred to as the 30 Hour Week in the press and in supporting materials. The work was undertaken by Lauck for David B. Robertson, President of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen and Enginemen.","This case was brought by the Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen and Enginemen demanding that a fireman (helper) be employed on all types of power used in railroad service for safety, including diesel and streamline trains.","The Railway Wage Reduction Case of 1938 was presented before the Emergency Board by W. Jett Lauck on behalf of the Railway Labor Executives' Association.","This case was a call for amendment to the Tariff Act of 1922. Lauck represented a group of domestic manufacturers, including the Glass Containers Association of America, in putting together an argument for an increase in tariffs on imported glass bottles. It is important to note that Lauck did not represent industry in opposition to labor. The Glass Bottles Blowers Association submitted a brief agreeing with the domestic manufacturers, —but only in opposition to foreign goods making American industry and labor obsolete.","The Grain Marketing Company was created to jointly market the product of three grain companies: Armour Grain Company, Rosenbaum Grain Corporation, and Rosenbaum Brothers. W. Jett Lauck served as Director of Appraisals for this venture, preparing a large report on the valuation of the Grain Marketing Company's properties. This report was reproduced in many, slightly altered formats for different purposes, people, and groups, and these variants are the subject of many folders in the case, which contain significant overlap.","The Agricultural Adjustment Administration implemented a new tax on paper towels. The reason given was that they competed with typical cotton towels. W. Jett Lauck advised the Paper Towel Manufacturers Association and prepared their case before the Agricultural Adjustment Administration and Congress.","Some 16,000 textile workers participated in the strike, centered in Passaic, New Jersey and initially organized as the \"United Front Committee\" by the Workers (Communist Party) before being transferred to the leadership of the American Federation of Labor. W. Jett Lauck served as a consulting economist to the strikers, chairman of the Plenary Committee (also known as The Citizens Committee or the Lauck Committee) representing the strikers and overseeing transition to the American Federation of Labor, economist for the National Committee for Passaic Relief and Defense, and member of the Temporary Committee for Establishment of American Standards of Life for Textile Workers, as well as participated in the case on the floor of the Senate and in Senate Committees.","This case was between the Franklin Division of the Franklin Typothetae of Chicago and a collection of unions, namely: the Chicago Typographical Union No. 16, Chicago Printing Pressmen's Union No. 3, Franklin Union No. 4, and Bookbinders' and Paper Cutters' Union No. 8 regarding a cut in wages. W. Jett Lauck represented the unions and prepared their case alongside Arthur Sturgis.","The Guffey-Snyder Act was officially known as the Bituminous Coal Conservation Act of 1935. This law was passed as part of the New Deal and created the Bituminous Coal Commission to set the price of coal. It was ruled unconstitutional and was replaced by the Guffey-Vinson Act in 1937.","Pujo Committe named after the chairman of the Banking and Currency Committee, Representative A. Pujo of Louisiana.","Eugene Meyer was Governor of the Federal Reserve Board and J.W. Pole was Comptroller of the Currency in 1932.","This committee was chaired by Congressman Joseph B. Shannon, (1867-1943), a Democrat from Kansas City, Missouri.","P.J. Morrin was the general president of the International Association of Bridge, Structural, and Iron Workers; Jett Lauck was the economic advisor for the same organization."],"originalsloc_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe original letters from Franklin D. Roosevelt to W. Jett Lauck were transferred to the UVA Special Collections Franklin D. Roosevelt papers, on February 6, 2005.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe original letters from Upton Sinclair to W. Jett Lauck were transferred to the UVA Special Collections Upton Sinclair papers on February 6, 2005.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe original letters from William H. Taft to W. Jett Lauck were transferred to the UVA Special Collections William H. Taft papers on February 6, 2005.\u003c/p\u003e"],"originalsloc_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals","Existence and Location of Originals"],"originalsloc_tesim":["The original letters from Franklin D. Roosevelt to W. Jett Lauck were transferred to the UVA Special Collections Franklin D. Roosevelt papers, on February 6, 2005.","The original letters from Upton Sinclair to W. Jett Lauck were transferred to the UVA Special Collections Upton Sinclair papers on February 6, 2005.","The original letters from William H. Taft to W. Jett Lauck were transferred to the UVA Special Collections William H. Taft papers on February 6, 2005."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript student assistants who worked on the W. Jett Lauck papers for at least one semester include Jacob M. Baker, Shannon Lee, Jacob T. Shaw, and Emily Shipman.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOnly two copies of identical duplicates having no annotations were kept. Duplicates were compared and only two were kept of each unique document or publication.  News clippings were only copied if used by Lauck in a case or arbitration, contained an article or other work by him, or information pertaining to his work and career. Others were sorted and arranged by topcs that he had written on the clipping; those with no obvious relevance were discarded. Ledgers and scrapbooks were rehoused in acid free cubic boxes or phase boxes created by the Preservation staff.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginally the papers were organized with the help of a University of Virginia history seminar sometime between their transfer to Special Collections from the Law Library and 1973, producing a large paper finding aid consisting of the list of the file folder headings. Folders were replaced near the end of the 1990's but some folder headings were lost or corrupted. In 2018, the papers were re-organized into series based on several early indexes created by the office of W. Jett Lauck. Folder headings were corrected based on the indexes, the original paper finding aid, and Lauck's notations on the tops of his documents. Headings were altered on the folders when possible to match the finding aid but only some of the folders were replaced due to constraints of time and money.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhysical processing work was complicated by constant student assistant turn-over and the interruption of the Pandemic of 2020-2021, which prevented onsite work for almost six months and allowed only several onsite short stints per week  the rest of the time. The finding aid is as accurate as these conditions have permitted but there may well be inconsistencies. If such errors are discovered, we welcome researcher input.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMost dockets were found together and left as a series. Occasionally dockets were found with their related papers. In those cases, the dockets remain in the their related individual series and were not moved to the Docket series. At this point it is impossible to be sure of the original order by W. Jett Lauck.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMost dockets were found together and left as a series. Occasionally dockets were found with their related papers. In those cases, the dockets remain in the their related individual series and were not moved to the Docket series. At this point it is impossible to be sure of the original order by W. Jett Lauck.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe index for this case shows that the supporting materials are incomplete. Some materials may have not survived or others may be present in the collection but their direct connection to this particular case has been lost.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information","Processing Information","Processing Information","Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Manuscript student assistants who worked on the W. Jett Lauck papers for at least one semester include Jacob M. Baker, Shannon Lee, Jacob T. Shaw, and Emily Shipman.","Only two copies of identical duplicates having no annotations were kept. Duplicates were compared and only two were kept of each unique document or publication.  News clippings were only copied if used by Lauck in a case or arbitration, contained an article or other work by him, or information pertaining to his work and career. Others were sorted and arranged by topcs that he had written on the clipping; those with no obvious relevance were discarded. Ledgers and scrapbooks were rehoused in acid free cubic boxes or phase boxes created by the Preservation staff.","Originally the papers were organized with the help of a University of Virginia history seminar sometime between their transfer to Special Collections from the Law Library and 1973, producing a large paper finding aid consisting of the list of the file folder headings. Folders were replaced near the end of the 1990's but some folder headings were lost or corrupted. In 2018, the papers were re-organized into series based on several early indexes created by the office of W. Jett Lauck. Folder headings were corrected based on the indexes, the original paper finding aid, and Lauck's notations on the tops of his documents. Headings were altered on the folders when possible to match the finding aid but only some of the folders were replaced due to constraints of time and money.","Physical processing work was complicated by constant student assistant turn-over and the interruption of the Pandemic of 2020-2021, which prevented onsite work for almost six months and allowed only several onsite short stints per week  the rest of the time. The finding aid is as accurate as these conditions have permitted but there may well be inconsistencies. If such errors are discovered, we welcome researcher input.","Most dockets were found together and left as a series. Occasionally dockets were found with their related papers. In those cases, the dockets remain in the their related individual series and were not moved to the Docket series. At this point it is impossible to be sure of the original order by W. Jett Lauck.","Most dockets were found together and left as a series. Occasionally dockets were found with their related papers. In those cases, the dockets remain in the their related individual series and were not moved to the Docket series. At this point it is impossible to be sure of the original order by W. Jett Lauck.","The index for this case shows that the supporting materials are incomplete. Some materials may have not survived or others may be present in the collection but their direct connection to this particular case has been lost."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee related material in Box 9 under John L. Lewis.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee also Press Releases: Philip Murray Opening Statement and Final Argument.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee related materials in MSS 4742 Box 192.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee also James Couzens files in MSS 4742, Box 308.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProfiteering files include: Exhibits (2 folders); Food Products; Flour; General; and Industrial Establishment (2 folders).\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See related material in Box 9 under John L. Lewis.","See also Press Releases: Philip Murray Opening Statement and Final Argument.","See related materials in MSS 4742 Box 192.","See also James Couzens files in MSS 4742, Box 308.","Profiteering files include: Exhibits (2 folders); Food Products; Flour; General; and Industrial Establishment (2 folders)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe W. Jett Lauck collection consists of his professional, business and personal papers as an economist, statistician and government consultant on immigration, banking, railroads, coal, and unemployment problems as well as other facets of labor in the United States. Included are correspondence, scrapbooks of news clippings reflecting his activities, labor reports and studies, drafts of congressional bills, legal briefs, and other material concerning labor problems in the United States from its formative World War I years until 1949. They begin with his association with the progressive labor codes of the Taft-Walsh Labor Relations Commission and continue with the Railway Labor Act of 1926; the fight to gain recognition of labor's right to collective bargaining \"through representatives of their own choosing\" under the National Industrial Recovery Act in 1933; the incorporation of its principles in the National Labor Relations Act; and further activity in defense of this act.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther manuscripts deal with studies of government competition with private business, the American Association for Economic Freedom, the New York Power Authority; branch, chain, and group banking, drafts of speeches, and work diary accounts of activities and meetings with prominent congressional and labor leaders on labor problems and legislation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe largest portions of the W. Jett Lauck papers deal with cases and arbitrations, chiefly railroad and coal related, his work on various boards and commission and topical files.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHis correspondence with individuals heading organizations interested in labor and industrial relations was wide-spread, just as it was with political figures, educators, and labor leaders.\n Among the public figures with whom he corresponded are Bernard Baruch, Homer S. Cummings, Clarence A. Dystra, John T. Flynn, Guy M. Gillette, Leon Henderson, Herbert Hoover, Hugh S. Johnson, Jesse Jones, William S. Knudsen, Robert M. Fa Follette, Jr., Franklin K. Lane, John L. Lewis,  H.C. Lodge, Jr., William G. McAdoo, James M. Mead, Francis P. Miller, Henry Morgenthau, Karl E. Mundt, Donald Nelson, Judge Ferdinand Pecora, Frances Perkins, Gifford Pinchot, James H. Price, Franklin D. Roosevelt, E.R. Stettinius, Jr., Robert F. Wagner, David I. Walsh, Burton K. Wheeler, and Woodrow Wilson.\nThe educators include Hardy Dillard, Edward C. Elliot, Frank Graham, J.W. Jenks, Richard R. Mead, Lewis Tyree, Harry F. Ward, H.B. Wells, and Ray Lyman Wilbur; and the labor leaders Jacob Baker, Solomon Barkin, Van A. Bittner, Sophia Carey, David Dubinsky, P.T. Fagan, John P. Frey, William Green, Sydney Hillman, Earl E. Houck, Thomas Kennedy, Donald MacMillan, and A.O. Wharton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists chiefly of correspondence but also includes typescripts of speeches by individuals, and financial and other information about organizations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include:  E. Abbott, Louis Adamic, Adrian Adelman, Sara M. Addison, Joseph Agor, Helen Alfred, Fred H. Allen, Irving B. Altman (editor of \"Dynamic America\"), Aluminum Workers of America, Amalgamated Association of Street and Electric Railway Employees, American Association for Labor Legislation, American Association for Social Security, American Council, American Council on Public Affairs, American Farm Bureau Federation, American Guernsey Cattle Club, American Institute for Economic Research, The American Legion, American Political Science Association, American Sugar Cane League, Americana Corporation concerning Lauck's article on United Mine Workers of America, Thomas R. Amlie, Dr. James W. Angell, Charles P. Anson, \"Atlantic Monthly,\" Paul H. Appleby, Leon Ardzrooni (about the death of Thorstein Veblen), Mr. O.M. Armstrong, and Robert W. Arthur.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Jacob Baker, Kent Baker, Bank of the Manhattan Company, Mary Barclay, A. K. Barnes, Joseph L. Barnett, Gerald Barradas, Barron's (The National Financial Weekly), John Barth, Mrs. Everett Boughton, Mrs. Robert Bennett Bean, Grant L. Bell, William H. Bell, Harold F. Berg, Nelson N. Berry, S. D. Berry, Jacob Billikoph, Margaret G. B. Blachley, James E. Black, Honorable William Harman Black,  Amy Blankenhorn, Heber Blankenhorn, Dr. Thomas C. Blaisdell, Jr., Ellis P. Block, John A. Bohn, E.W.G. Boogher, Book-of-The-Month Club, Inc., Judge Julian F. Bouchelle, Basil Nicholas Helenagoras Bousios, Fenton Bradford, C. Daniel Bremer, Samuel Bristol, G.L. Broaddus, St. Claire Brookes, The Brookings Institution, Herbert Bruce Brougham, E. Kirk Brown, Law Offices of Brown and Brown, H. Russel Brand, Carl P. Brannin, Selig C. Brez, P.F. Brissenden, Professor Leslie Buckler, Raymond Leslie Buell, John Bullock, Bureau of Agricultural Economics, Bureau of Applied Economics, The Bureau of National Affairs, Harold B. Butler, John E. Burton, J.C. Byars, Herman B. Byer, and Reverend James A. Byrnes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: [Cadle], Jessie L. Campbell, R. Granville Campbell, The Capital News Company,Sophia Carey, Harry J. Carman, J.D. Carneal and Sons Inc.,  Caroline County Library Committee, M.D. Carrel, Samuel McCrea Cavert, The Chesapeake and Ohio Railway Company, The Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone Company, Mrs. Charlotte Chrestien, The Christian Science Publishing Society, Citizens' Council for Total Defense, Brice Claggett, V.M. Clapp, Clark, Dodge and Company, Brokers, Evans Clark, Victor S. Clark, W. A. Clark, Pauline Clarke, J. William Claudy, Thompson Clayton, Dr. Rudolph A. Clemen, Walt Clyde, The Clerk of the Stafford Court House, E.J. Coil, Kenneth Colegrove, George P. Comer, Department of Commerce, Commodity Research Bureau, Inc., Common Council for American Unity, Ellen Commons, Congressional Intelligence, Inc., Consolidated Vultee American Aircraft Corporation, Dr. P. S. Constantinople, W. Dewey Cooke, Edward L. Corbett, James Corbett, John M. Corbett, Council Against Intolerance in America, Council of Young Southerners, Frederick C. Croxton, Cosmos Club, Morgan Cunningham, and Curles Neck Dairy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Oscar H. Darter, Henry David, Elmer Davis, Shelby Cullom Davis, William H. Davis, Len De Caux, Kenneth de Courcy, De Jarnette State Sanatorium, Lud Denny, United States Department of Commerce, Marshall E. Dimock (U.S. DoJ), District Unemployment Compensation Board, Edward J. Donohue, Frank P. Douglass, Law Offices of Drain and Weaver, David Dubinsky, Allan Dunlap, Arthur Dunn, Robert W. Dunn, and C. A. Dykstra.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Joseph B. Eastman, Economic Policy Committee, C. Vernon Eddy, J. A. Efpokito, Gerald Egan, Electric Home and Farm Authority, and Charles T. Estes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: P. T. Fagan, Reverend Richard M. Fagley, Ruth Ansell Farley, The Farmers and Merchants State Bank, The Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in America, Federal Works Progress Administration for the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, First Bancredit Corporation, First National Bank of Boston, The First National Bank of Keyser, Fjell Line of Great Lakes Transatlantic, Inc., Ralph Fleharty, R. D. Fleming, Courtney Fletcher, Duncan U. Fletcher, M. S. Flint, Frank H. Fljozdal, Fitzgerald Flourney, Hon. Edward J. Flynn, John T. Flynn, Foley, Food Research Institute of Stanford University, B.C. Forbes (Forbes Magazine), R. D. Forbes, Forbes and Myers, Foreign Policy Association, Clark Forman, Fortune, The Forum, Major B. Foster, Founders General Corporation, Mrs. M. N. Fox, Jerome Frank, Frank Brothers, Lafayette Franklin, Franklin Press, Franklin Simon Company, T. McCall Frazier, Free Lance-Star, W. R. Freeman, Paul Comly French, John P. Frey, Elisha M. Friedman, Ruth Friedson, and R. S. Fritter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Domenico Gagliardo, George B. Galloway, O. Max Gardner, Honorable Leslie C. Garnett, William Edward Garnett, Stanley Garrison, H. Dymoke Gasson, Paul W. Gates, Gayle Motor Company, Theodore Geiger, Phyliss Geisler, General Elevator Co., General Motors Corporation, Alfred Giardino, Clinton S. Golden, Clem Goodman, Henry J. Goodman \u0026amp; Co., C. O'Connor Goolrick, John T. Goolrick, Mary K. Gorman, Frank P. Graham, Sally Nelson Gravatt, Walter C. Graves Jr., H. A. Gray, Lanier Gray, H. B. Greybill, Myra Moore Griffith, J. Cleveland Grigsby, Sarah Groomes, Guthrie Lithograph Company, and Walter B. Guy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Ernst Haberstadt, Max Haleff, Ford P. Hall, Fred W. Hall, F. S. Hall, Edward W. Hamilton, H. E. Hamilton, Hampden-Sydney College, Hugh S. Hanna, Charles Hansel, William Hard, Harper and Brothers, Emma Harris, Owen Harris, Harvard College Library, Leon Henderson, S.J Henry, Warren F. Hickernell, R. G. Hilldrup, Otto Hillsman and Co., Mary W. Hillyer, S. H. Hines Company, David Hirsh and Son, H. C. Holdridge, Hoover War Library, Herbert Hoover, Harry L. Hopkins, Welly K. Hopkins, Dr. W. E. Hotchkiss, Curtis Hubbard, J.S. Hughes, W. A. Hull, and Thomas Lomax Hunter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Major William W. Inglis, Institute of American Meat Packers, Institute of World Economics, International Bank, International Statistical Bureau, Inc., Interstate Bankers Corporation, Investment Bankers Association of America, and Irving Trust Company.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Gardner Jackson, Meyer Jacobstein, Jjell Lines, Thomas Jefferson (typescript copy of letter, June 11, 1807, concerning newspapers and histories), J. M. Johnson, Honorable Jessie Jones, Roberts W. Jones, N.Y. Journal of Commerce, and The Jury Commission.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Evelyn Kane, Kappa Sigma House Association, Inc., Augustine B. Kelley, Leon H. Keyserling, Susan M. Kingsbury, Dr. George E. Kingsley, Richard Kirby, John H. Klingenfeld, and Oscar Koppel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: LABOR, Ladies' Garment Workers Union, (William H. Lamar), Sophia J. Lammers, H. Lamson, Richard V. Lancaster, Thomas Larkin III, Joseph P. Lash, David Lasser, Howard Lee, Joseph N. Leinbach, Albert H. Levene, Robert E. Levine, Charles T. Libby, David E. Lilienthal, The Lincoln National Bank of Washington, Ernest K. Lindley, Geo. W. Linkins, Co., Irving Lipkowitz, Henry T. Lipman, Thomas E. Lodge, Stephen M. Loebl, Norman Lombard, W. C. Looker, Jr., Edward Lynch, and Barrow Lyons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include: American Legion Convention (1945); Committee for Industrial Organization Procedure and Policy (1935-1936); C.I.O. A.F.L. (1940); Congressman Martin and Mr. MacDougall (1939 March 3); Farmington Conference- War Time Organization Planned by the Administration (1939); Fixation of Coal Prices, Memos Relative to (1939); Fortune Magazine's Conferences or Round Tables (1939); Income Tax Returns of Lewis, J. L. (1940-1941); The Inner Circle (1942 Feb 11); Inter-American Bank (1940); Lindberg on \"Preparedness\" (1940); Missouri Pacific Bonds (1941-1942); National Defense to Post-War Planning (1942-1945); Oil and Gas on a Basis of Equality with Coal (1939); A Plan for Economic Democracy - Article written by Major Holdridge (1939); A Plan for Solving the Economic Crisis by Dr. R.H. Von Liedtke (1937-1941); \"Prohibiting\" Strikes for the Emergency Period (1940); James L. Simpson \"Plan for Maintenance of Economic Balance and Security\" (1940);  The Townsend Plan and Mr. Ivan Towanski (1942); Union Shop and Mr. Leland Olds (1941 November 14); United Mine Workers Suggested Program (1934-1935); War Against Unemployment and Poverty (1940 January 10); Threatened  Competition of Natural Gas with Coal (1944 December 5); and Big Inch Pipe Lines and the Rural Electrification Administration (1946 January 14).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Bishop Francis J. McConnell, William MacDonald, Ernst D. MacDougall, Donald MacMillan, W. C. MacQuown, R. A. Magowan, Edward C. Maguire, Elizabeth M. Maher, Mason Manghum, Maxwell J. Mangold, Bank of the Manhattan Company, Basil Manly, L. C. Marshall, Thomas O. Marvin, Maryland and District of Columbia Industrial Union Council, Maryland Title and Investment Company, Lucy Randolph Mason, Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company, The Bank of Mathews, Inc., Honorable Maury Maverick, Herbert Mazo, Charles McCarthy, Summerfield A. McCarteney, Bishop Francis J. McConnell, Wm. P. McGinn, Edw. F. McGrady, McGraw-Hill Publishing Company-Inc., Ernest D. McIver, Dr. Archibald McLeish, Thomas P. McTigue, Honorable James M. Mead, Richard R. Mead, Royal D. Mead, D. J. Meserole, Eugene Meyer, Jr.,  Francis Pickens Miller, Francis Trevelyan Miller, Ward B. Miller, H. A. Millis, The Milwaukee Journal, Mine Official's Union of America, John J. Minor, George Minnigerode, William Mitch, Wesley C. Mitchell, R. C. L. Moncure, Jr., Monroe and Berry, C. D. Montague, Jean Montgomery, Monthly Labor Review, Robert Morey, Charles S. Morgan, H. W. Morgan, Marie Morris, J. H. Muirhead, Honorable Karl E. Mundt, and Gorham Munson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: William R. Nagel, Leonard Nairn, Dr. Philip Curtin Nash, Nash Floor Service, A. Nash Tailoring Company, Natalie, Inc., The Nation, The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, National Association of Manufacturers, National Association of Retired Federal Employees, The National Bank, National Bank of Orange, National Bank of the Republic, National Bank of Washington, National Bituminous Coal Commission, National Broadcasting Company, Inc., National Bureau of Economic Research, National Catholic Welfare Conference, National Child Labor Committee, National Citizen's Council For Defense, The National City Bank of New York, National Cold Steam Company, National Consumers' League, National Council for Prevention of War, National Defense Mediation Board, National Electric Light Association, The National Encyclopedia, National Labor Relations Board, National Lawyers Guild, National Life Insurance Company, National Planning Association, National Resources Planning Board, National Policy Committee, National Press Club, National Recovery Administration, National Resources Board, National Sharecroppers Week, National Window and Office Cleaning Company, National Women's Trade Union League of America, Nation's Business, Nation's Commerce, J. S. Naylor, Donald Nelson, New America, The New Republic, Newsweek, W. S. Newton, The New York Times, George W. Norris, Cecil C. North, The Northern Neck Mutual Fire Association of Virginia, Claudian B. Northrop, and Harold Bernard November.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Charlton Ogburn, William F. Ogburn, J. G. Ohsol, Joseph C. O'Mahoney, Organization Committee of Social Union, Inc., Mary O'Shaughnessy, William Owen, and John W. Owens.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Pabst Post-War Employment Awards, A. H. Packard, C. C. Packard, Florence E. Parker, The Parker Corporation, Julius H. Parmelee, Col. Samuel Pascoe, Leo Pavolsky, M. W. Paxton, Jr., Walter Phipes, George Curtis Peck, Ferdinand Pecora, William R. Pendergast, Willis Pepoon, Fred W. Perkins, Thomas W. Perry, Charles E. Persons, Samuel B. Pettengill, Julius I. Peyser, L. W. H. Peyton, David A. Pine, David W. Pipes Jr., Fort Pipes, W. G. Pitero, P.M., Justine Wise Polier, Shad Polier, Wm. T. Powers, Richard T. Pratt, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Evelyn Preston, Harry B. Price, James H. Price, Provisional Committee Toward A Democratic Peace, and Public Affairs Committee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Railway Age, Ransdell Inc., Mervyn Rathborne, Stephen Rauschenbush, Carl Raushenbush, The Readers Club, Philip M. Riefkin, Charles S. Robb, James Robb, Newell W. Roberts, D. B. Robertson, Mr. Robey, John M. Robinson, Leland Rex Robinson, Josephine Roche, Rockbridge National Bank, John D. Rockefeller, Jr., Harry L. Rogers, Paul V. Rogers, William N. Rogers, Henry Romeike, Incorporated, Samuel Romer, Walter A. Romer, Leon H. Rouse (with William Green),  Rouss Library, Frances Rowe, and Harold J. Ruttenberg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Russell Sage, Lewis D. Sampson, Samuel L. Samuel, Dr. David J. Saposs, Saturday Evening Post, Marshall Schaffer, D. M. Schnapper, L. B. Schnapper, Joseph Schneider, G. Luther Schnur, James T. Shotwell, H. L. Schuh, Montgomery Schuyler, Louis J. Schwab, Henry Herman Schwartz, Ray Scott, Charles Scribner's Sons, Seaboard Air Line Railway Company, Joel Seidman, Shaw-Walker, Chester Shepard, Chester Sheppard, R. T. Shields, Silcox Memorial Fund, Simmons-Boardman Publishing Corporation, Sidney Simon, Richard C. Simonson, John F. Sinclair, Anthony Wayne Smith, C. Archer Smith, Edwin S. Smith, Nelson Lee Smith, S. Granville Smith, Vernon D. Smith, Bernard A. Smyth, H. M. Snead, Jr., Social Union, Inc., The Society for the Advancement of Management, Inc., John E. W. Sohl, L. W. Sorrell, Southern Conference for Human Welfare, Southern Maryland Trust Company, Mr. Sovey, Alexander Spencer, Sphere, R. B. Spindle, George L. Sprague, Saint Albans, Margaret S. Stables, William H. Stafford, Stafford County, Standard Oil Company, Stanford University Library, Louis Stark, State Loan Company, State Teachers College, Henry M. Stephenson, STEEL, Steel Workers Organizing Committee, A. A. Steele, Jean Stephenson, Jos. G. Stephenson, Boris Stern, Harold Stern, E. R. Stettinius, W. M. Steuart, Harry H. Stockfeld, W. L. Stoddard, Benjamin Stolberg, Irving Stone, N. L. Stone, William T. Stone, Chas. G. Stott and Co., Inc., Paul A. Strachan, David Strain, Ralph Strathmore, Nathan Straus, John Studebaker, Ralph G. Sucher, Arthur E. Suffern, Superintendent of Documents (Government Printing Office), Elmer Swack, Paul E. Switzer, Alois P. Swoboda, and Mr. Sydenstricker.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Ivan Tarnowsky, Tax Policy League, Ordway Tead, Tennessee Valley Authority (Representative Noble J. Gregory), Percy Tetlow, Dorothy Thompson, TIME MAGAZINE, Daniel J. Tobin, John H. Tolan, The Travelers Insurance Company, Beverly Tucker, Henry Saint George Tucker, Earl R. Turner, and The Twentieth Century Fund.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Alfred P. Wagner, Gordon Wagner, Robert F. Wagner, Thomas C. G. Wagner, J. Forest Walker, Allan E. Walker and Company, George A. Wallace, J. Raymond Walsh, August G. Walters, James N. Walton, James P. Warburg, Dr. Harry E. Ward, R. D. Ward, Ward and Paul, Caroline F. Ware, A.L. Warthen, Charles Washington, Washington and Lee University, \"Washington Post,\" James R. Wason, Elton Watkins, Ralph J. Watkins, Claude S. Watts, Marie Watts, Charles F. Weaver, H. B. Wells, (George) P. West, A. O. Wharton, Ross Wheat, Burton K. Wheeler, William M. Wherry, Hugh A. White, Ralph J. White, W. A. White, T. Y. Wickham, Dorothy G. Wiehl, Dr. Ray Lyman Wilbur, Allan H. Willett, Williams Company, Willis and Willis, Corwin Willson, J. Alfred Wilner, Elsie Cobb Wilson, D. O. Wilson, H. Hazen Wilson, Nelson Wilson, The H. W. Wilson Company, John G. Winant, J. Wise, James Waterman Wise, S. S. Wise, William P. Witherow, J. S. Withrow, Nathan Witt, Laurence C. Witten, Benedict Wolf, World Fellowship, Inc., World Study Tours, and Thomas H. Wright.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScope note for correspondence files. There has been no attempt to make an exhaustive list of the correspondents in each folder. Most letters were routine correspondence from people seeking information about the group; copies of their publications, speeches, and other educational materials; questions about membership in the group from interested individuals; requests for individuals to become sponsors, members or leaders in the group; leaders of other like-minded organizations; union leadership (often about the lack of funds available to support the American Association for Economic Freedom); or people wanting information about pertinent upcoming legislative bills. Attention on the lists of correspondence is focused particularly on political and public figures, editors, and the legislative and social issues of the day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese include: American Committee for Protection of Foreign Born; American Council on Public Affairs; Atlantic Charter League; J.M. Artman, editor of \"The American Citizen\"; Representative Thomas R. Amlie; Thurman Arnold, Department of Justice (concerning Frank B. Kellogg statement about the anti-trust Sherman Act); and John B. Abel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include: Alfred L. Bernheim, The Labor Bureau; A.A. Berle banking proposal; Rabbi Barnett R. Brickner, Social Justice Commission; Kent Baker, editor of \"Sphere\" with article sent to him by Lauck, \"Industrial Reconstruction\" attached; David Burdett (conventional economics versus social economics); and G.P. Bronisch, Loyal Americans of German Descent\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents and topics include: Lauck memorandum to Charles H. Chase, (in light of the prospect of a lengthy war and its impact on social and economic reform) informing him of his decision to drastically reduce expenditures by having only one employee to maintain the office (1942); \"Strife and the Worker\" proofs by John F. Cronin; Helen A. Cole, \"The Liberal Worker\"; W.S. Clement and his \"The Ben Franklin Plan\"; Ben V. Cohen, National Power Policy Committee; and the Council for Social Action, Ferry L. Platt, Jr. concerning farm issues.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents and topics include: Dr. Paul H. Douglas, University of Chicago; Hardy C. Dillard, Institute of Public Affairs, including a letter from John L. Newcomb; Frederic A. Delano, Chairman National Resources Advisory Committee; and a letter to John Dewey.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents and topics include: Arthur Eggleston, San Francisco Chronicle; Peter Edson, NEA Service; A.E. Edwards concerning the Wagner Labor Relations Act; J.G. Frain; and Charles Flato.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents and topics include: Alfred C. Gaunt, including \"Smaller Business Lifts Its Eyes\"; Toshi Go, Foreign Affairs Association of Japan; and A.E. Grassby, Winnipeg, Manitoba.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents and topics include:  Hubert Herring; Sidney Hillman; Fred S. Hall concerning the Industrial Expansion Act (multiple letters); B.W. Huebsch, The Viking Press,  and his concern over the pamphlet \"A New Social Order\"; S.L. Hoover and his question about the Keller Bill and the Association; John Edgar Hoover; and F.J. Hall, editor of \"The United States News\" about numbers of unemployed and other issues (multiple letters).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents and topics include: Meyer Jacobstein about the Reconstruction Act; and Paul Kellogg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence includes: letters to Robert M. LaFollette, Jr.; League for Abundance: League for Industrial Democracy; Harold Loeb; and Dr. Jack Levin.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents and topics include: secretary of Attorney General Frank Murphy; Darwin J. Meserole, National Unemployment League; Francis P. Miller; Emily Fogg Mead; Homer L. Mead; Lewis E. Meyers; Judge Julian W. Mack; Bishop Francis J. McConnell; George F. Milton, editor \"The Chattanooga News\"; Senator James M. Mead; and letter to Archibald MacLeish, Librarian of Congress.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents and topics include: Bishop Francis J. McConnell; James W. Miller; Vito Marcantonio; Otto Mayer; Robert E. Mathews concerning the \"sit down strike\" by investment bankers and industrialists in May 1940; and Henry Morgenthau, Jr., letter to.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence includes: \"The New Republic\"; Douglas Newman, Secretary of the Barradas League; Dr. C.A. Norman; memorandum concerning Senator Norris' presidential qualifications; and Representative Mary T. Norton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents and topics include: William Owen; Ernest Minor Patterson; Representative Claude Pepper; Justice Justine Wise Polier; and Jacob S. Potofsky.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents and topics include: Judge Samuel I. Rosenman; Representative Robert L. Ramsay; Right Reverend Msgr. John A. Ryan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents and topics include: John Saxton; Guy Emery Shipler; Edwin S. Smith; William Simkin; B.M. Schnapper concerning the history of the Wagner Act; Ray Scott concerning the \"Fundamental Significance of our Present Day Labor Movement\"; and Porter Sargent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents and topics include: Ordway Tead, Harper and Brothers; and Dr. Robert H. Tucker.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents and topics include: an appreciation of Frank P. Walsh upon his death on May 2, 1939; Matthew Woll, American Federation of Labor; Thomas H. Wright, New America; Harry F. Ward; and Nathan Witt; and N.A. Zonorich.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes leases, workman's compensation insurance, correspondence, and unemployment compensation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese include: \"Policies and Objectives of the American Association of Economic Freedom,\" \"Shrinkages and Hoardings of Purchasing Power Accentuate Current Business Recession,\" \"Hoardings-Taxes Proposed to Stimulate Flow of Credit and Goods and Revival of Business,\" \"Approaches Toward a Concerted Program of Fundamental Economic Reconstruction in the United States,\" various drafts of suggestions for the programs, principles and objectives of the organization, \"Sugar Control,\" \"American Labor's Broadcast to Great Britain,\" \"American Economic Situation of 1937-1938,\" \"Unemployment Insurance,\" \"Industrial Espionage,\" \"Bank-Holding Companies,\" several on social service foundations, \"Economic Freedom in America,\" \"Industrial Reconstruction Act of 1939\" press release draft, \"Capitalism in Crisis,\" \"Prospective Labor Surpluses,\" \"Increased Man Hour Productivity and Technological Unemployment,\" monopoly, and \"Petroleum Quota Controls.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese include: participation in management, monopoly, the \"Industrial Reconstruction Act of 1939,\" \"Leaders on the No. 1 Problem,\" \"Federal Administrative Court Bill,\" \"Occupational Groupings,\" \"National Labor Relations Act and Board,\" \"Full Employment Bill,\" \"Senator Claude Pepper,\" \"Senator Lewis B. Schellenbach,\" and starting a American Association of Economic Freedom Bulletin.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese include: \"Threatened Crucial Developments,\" \"Anti-democratic philosophies,\" \"Churchill's anticipations, 1932-1939,\" \"Mussolini,\" \"Hitlerism and Nazism,\" \"Profits of Leading Corporations, 1936-1939,\" notes on People's Lobby Conference, and Ickes [speech] on business sabotage of defense.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese titles include: \"Can Unemployment be Ended?\"; \"Challenge to American Democracy\"; \"Civil Liberties and the National Labor Relations Board\"; \"Cure by Shock,\" \"Democracy and Economic Planning\"; \"Economic Reconstruction\"; \"Fundamental Significance of Our Present Day Labor Movement\"; \"Next Step in Democratization\"; \"A New Magna Carta\" \"A New Social Order\"; \"Preparedness for Peace,\"  \"Problems of the National Labor Relations Board.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe \"Post-War Reconstruction Bill\" is foldered separately.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncluded are: \"Thirty Million Jobs\" by Arthur Dunn; Roundtable: \"Labor's role in Post-War Reconstruction\"; \"Freedom from Want\" by Mr. Walton; \"Nineteenth Century Prophecy of Order\" by Harry Frease; \"The Moral Issue\" by Lowell Mellett; \"A Banking System for Capital and Capital Credit\" by A.A. Berle, Jr.; \"Suggested Housing Program for National Defense Purposes\" by the Congress of Industrial Organizations; and \"A Primer of Current Economics\" [1933].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncluded are: Fight for Freedom, Friends of Democracy, and the Gillette Resolution.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese include memoranda, news clippings, an article by George B. Galloway on \"The Imperative of Planning,\" replies, and a speech by W. Jett Lauck.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes separate folders on news clippings, some containing criticisms and investigations; problems of the board; and the testimony of John L. Lewis.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClippings include Wendell Willkie, democracy versus absolutism, banker opinion, national debt, U.S. Attorney General, pump priming the economy, monopolies, religion and democracy, communism, and capitalism and democracy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncluded are: Peace Conditions; People's Congress for Democracy and Peace; Plenty for All League; People's Lobby; Pressure Groups, Attitudes of; Pension Plan – \"Uncle Fred's Automatic Pension Plan\"; Progressives, Conference of; Social Union; Tax-Exempt Bonds; Women in Trade Unions; and Young Democrats.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include: Conferences; Corporation Notes and Memoranda; Kennedy Statement on General Motors Inquiry; Production Costs by T.C. Gordon Wagner; Ratio of Pay Rolls to Returns to Stockholder;Salaries of Officials; and Annual Reports to the Securities and Exchange Commission, 1935 and 1937.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include: Agreements; Decisions; the Willard E.Hotchkiss Decision in Tar Barrel Case; Negotiations for New Agreements; News clippings; Publications; Report of Homer Martin to the International Executive Board; and a Statement Submitted to Roosevelt by Union Representation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccording to Wikipedia, \"The Commission on Industrial Relations (also known as the Walsh Commission) was a commission created by the U.S. Congress on August 23, 1912 to scrutinize US labor law. The commission studied work conditions throughout the industrial United States between 1913 and 1915. The Chairman was Frank P. Walsh, a labor lawyer and activist from Kansas City, Missouri.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commission_on_Industrial_Relations\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese include: \"Foreign Competition After the War,\" \"The Artificial Dye Industry in the War,\" and \"Business and the War.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: \"Secretary Kennedy Gives Union Views on How Hard-Coal Freight Rates Affect Miner\" (December 15, 1933); \"The N.R.A. and Collective Bargaining\" Catholic Welfare Council (September 17, 1934); address before the National Conference on Economic Security (November 14, 1934); and \"Organized Labor and the N.R.A.\" Catholic Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania (November 27, 1934).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: Statement concerning the Wagner-Lewis Economic Security Bill before the Senate Committee on Finance (February 21, 1935); Commencement Address (June 3, 1935); \"Education and the Parochial School System\" (August 19, 1935); \"The Trade Union and Recovery\" (Labor Day, 1935); and \"Unemployment Insurance, Old Age Pensions, and Housing Legislation\" at the White House Conference on Economic Security (December 30, 1935).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: Labor Day address (September 1937); article \"The United Mine Workers of America\" for the \"American Encyclopedia\" (December 2, 1938); address to the Pennsylvania Utilities Commission on the Competition of Natural Gas (April 1940); and a request for Lauck to send his analysis and recommendations concerning a letter from A.J. Altmeyer, Chairman of the Social Security Board, and two other enclosures pertaining to the Associated Gas and Electric Company, New York City (1942 March 27 and 1943 January 23).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: a radio speech supporting Hoover in the election (1928); and a statement at the Hearing on a Code for the Bituminous Coal Mining Industry before the National Recovery Administration (1933 August 10).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: \"Labor and the National Recovery Administration\" at the Meeting of the American Academy of Political Science, Philadelphia (1934 January 6); \"Labor's Part in Industrial Recovery\" at the San Francisco Commonwealth Club luncheon (1934 October 4); Speech for the International Labor Conference, not delivered (1934 October); and a radio address \"The Employee in the Changing World\" under the auspices of the Intercollegiate Council (1934 December 7).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: Statement by Lewis before National Recovery Administration Hearings on Employment Provisions of Codes of Fair Competition (1935 January 30); \"The American Federation of Labor and the National Recovery Administration\" prepared for the \"Annals,\" Philadelphia but never delivered (1935 March 11-12); The United Mine Workers of America and the National Recovery Act\" Madison Square Gardens (1935 March-May 23); and Statement of Approval for the Wagner Housing Bill in the \"United Mine Workers Journal\" (1935 June 1).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: \"The Case for Industrial Unionism\" (November 12, 1935); radio address \"The Future of Organized Labor\" (November 28, 1935); and article for \"Liberty Magazine\" on industrial unionism (1935 December 20).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: a speech on Industrial Unionism before the Cleveland Auto Council (January 19, 1936); \"The Teacher and His Relation to Labor\" for the American Federation of Teachers Convention (June 19, 1936); a radio address \"Industrial Democracy in Steel\" (July 6, 1936); and an article \"Through Organization Industrial Democracy Dawns for Sleeping Car Porters\" celebrating the eleventh anniversary of the organization (July 15, 1936).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: a political campaign statement about [Alf M.] Landon (August 1, [1936]); the draft of a Radio Address on Steel Organization (August 11, 1936); article \"Labor Looks at Education\" (August 17, 1936) appearing in the October 36 issue of \"The Teacher\"; article \"Towards Industrial Democracy\" (August 24, 1936) in appearing in the October 1936 issue of \"Current History\"; and two speeches supporting Franklin D. Roosevelt for President (August 18 and September 19, 1936).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: radio address \"Labor and the Future\" (September 3, 1936); \"Horizontal Versus Vertical Unionism\" in \"Wharton School Magazine,\" University of Pennsylvania (September 8, 1936); an article for the \"The National Young Democrat\" on the Social Security Act (September 1936); and a radio address \"Roosevelt and the Future\" (October 18, 1936).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: article \"The Next Four Years\" for the \"The Nation\" (November 4, 1936); an article \"Committee for Industrial Organization and Economic Recovery\" for the \"Business Review of New York  University\"(November 17, 1936); \"the Future of American Labor\" in \"The American Spectator\" (November 19, 1936); articles on \"The Next Four Years in Labor\" in \"The New Republic\" (November 25 and December 9, 1936); \"The Future of Wages\" for the \"Cleveland News\" Symposium (December 7, 1936); \"Organized Labor and the Student Union\" (December 23, 1936); \"The Need of the Hour for American Labor\" for the \"Progressive Salesman Magazine\" (December 24, 1936); radio address \"Adapting Union Methods to Current Changes- Industrial Unionism\" (December 31, 1936); and an unpublished article written for \"Redbook\" (1936).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: \"The Meaning of Industrial Unionism\" for the \"Christian Front\" (January 13, 1937); \"The Struggle for Industrial Democracy\" for \"Common Sense\" (March 1937); an address delivered at an Anti-Nazi Mass Meeting in Madison Square Gardens (March 15, 1937); article \"The Origin and Objectives of the C.I.O.\"  for the \"San Francisco Chronicle\" (May 11, 1937); and a radio address \"Labor and Supreme Court\" (May 14, 1937).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: \"Technology and Labor\" in \"Massachusetts Institute of Technology Engineering News\" (September 3, 1937); Labor Day address \"Labor and the Nation\" (September 3, 1937); \"Progress of Committee for Industrial Organization\" in the \"Wharton Review\" (October 21, 1937); \"Effect of Moderate and Gradual Wage Increases on Prices and Living Costs\" in \"The Annalist\" (November 12, 1937) a reply to an article by A.T. Shurick on July 30, 1937; and the [Steel Workers Organizing Committee] address \"The Deplorable and Indefensible Attitude of Big Business (December 13, 1937).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: Address for British Broadcasting Corporation \"Struggle of Labor in America\" (March 15, 1938); \"Labor and the Law\" (April 14, 1938); \"Organized Labor and the Future of Democracy\" published in the \"St. Louis Post Dispatch\" (December 11, 1938).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: Statement for Survey Associates (January 3, 1939); and \"Labor Looks South\" in \"Virginia Quarterly Review\" (Autumn 1939).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: article on \"What Does Labor Want?\" (February 29, 1940); \"The Heritage of American Youth\" (March 1940); \"Obligations of American Citizenship\" (April 3, 1940); \"Foreword\" to Mr. Thomas' Testimony before the Temporary National Economic Committee (May 23, 1940); and a Labor Day Speech (August 29, 1940).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: Extension of Library Service to Union for City and State Employees (May 28, 1941); Statement to be issued by Lewis on the Decision of the National Mediation Board on Union Shops (November 13, 1941); and \"The New Solid South\" (December 17, 1941).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: Testimony of Mr. Steinbugler (March 2, 1935); the \"Most Impressive Point Developed by the Hearings\" (March 2, 1935); untitled Memorandum (July 30, 1936); \"Report on the Progress of the Hearing on the Coordination of Minimum Prices before the Bituminous Coal Division (September 16, 1939); \"Proposed Labor Policy for the War Period,\" various memoranda (September 11-November 13, 1939); an analysis of Professor Green's Proposal about pricing and distributing manufactured products (June 3, 1940); and Notes on the Last Ten Years (January-May, 1940).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: Reply to A.T. Shurick suggestions on taxing (November 29, 1940); Response to the foreword of Walt Clyde's book on \"Owner Capitalism\" (December 4, 1940); suggestions about the National Economic Conference (December 12, 1940); Response to W.C. Graves, Jr. (December 23, 1940); Letter about the Raw Materials National Council (December 27, 1940); Memorandum on Fred G. Clark and the American Economic Foundation (February 20, 1941); H.S. Avery to Edward O'Neal and John L.Lewis on agriculture and farm prices (September 8, 1941); Conrad K. Grieb on need for social reconstruction (October 23, 1941); Letters from Alexander Spencer (October 30 and November 26, 1941); and a manuscript of Albert H. Levene (November 30, 1941).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: Memorandum about Post War Depression (January 7, 1942); a response to S. Ferguson, President of the Hartford Electric Light Company about his proposals about deferred wages (January 13, 1942); W.A Hutton, M.D.  letter on post-war finances (January 14, 1942); Thomas Kennedy request for a study on the Cost of Living (January 16, 1942); Request for a response to the document by L.C. Christian on \"How Must We Finance the War?\" (February 3, 1942); a request for a response to a treatise on our financial system by August Walters (February 5-March 18, 1942); additional R.L. Greene communications (February 12,1942); and H.W. Bailey on labor self-determination (March 9, 1942).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: Digest of the Salient Points of a Report on \"Manpower Policy and Labor Relations in the British Coal Industry\" (January 5, 1943); a Leo Chabert document on financing the war (April 4, 1943); and memoranda about an executive conference of the Natural Resources Board at Farmington Country Club, Charlottesville, Virginia, previously held around 1939.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include the National Recovery Administration, \"Amalgamation of the Two Enginemen's Brotherhoods,\" \"Russian Recognition and the New Deal,\" \"Future Policies of the National Recovery Administration,\" Six-Hour Day of the Railroads, \"Two Men on the Head End of all Railroad Trains,\" and Housing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include \"Benefits of Trade Unionism,\" \"Forbes\" article, \"Limit on Weekly Work Hours,\" a letter to Professor Gordon, and \"Labor Movement and the Future of America\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include planks for the Republican Platform, Anti-Strike Legislation, a Rejoinder to the Remarks of Fred Gurley, and \"Recommendations to the Board of Investigation and Research\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA checklist of article titles can be found in the first folder. Titles in the order of the list   include: \"Economics and Christianity\"; \"The Mysterious Soul of the Steel Corporation\"; \"The Anthracite  Operators Should Concede the Check-off\" July 13, 1923; \"Industrial Principles and Not Machinery Are Important\"; \"The So-Called Check-off and Its Significance\"; \"The Report of the Coal Commission on the Anthracite Industry\"; \"The Purchasing Power of Wheat and Cotton\"; \"Private Cars and the Coal Problem\"; \"Mr. McAdoo's Political Availability\"; and \"No More Pre-war Standards of Wages and Working Conditions.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNext ten article titles include: \"The Radical - His Significance at Present\"; \"The Soft Coal Problem Again to the Front\"; \"Labor Banks and Their Ultimate Significance\"; \"Political Democracy Must be Supplemented by Industrial Democracy\"; \"Oil and the Southern Pacific\"; \"The Purchasing Power of the Farmer's Dollar\"; \"The Truth is Never Unpardonable\"; \"Private Cars and the Coal Problem\"; \"The Unique Financial Position of the Pullman Company\"; and \"Another Manifestation of the Soul of the Steel Corporation.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe next ten article titles include: \"Sugar and the Flexible Tariff Provision\"; \"Conflict or Arbitration\"; \"The Threatened Boomerang\"; \"Cooperation for Mutual Benefit or Profit?\"; \"Secret Police or Conviction for Crime\"; \"Chairman Butler Emits and Omits\"; National Cooperative Grain Marketing Realized\"; \"The Anthracite Operators Should Concede the Check-off\" (possible duplicate); \"Regulation of the Anthracite Monopoly\" September 1 , 1923; \"Why Not Action on Anthracite?\" September 11, 1923; and \"Can a Living Wage Be Paid to Unskilled Labor?\" October 30, 1923.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe next ten article titles include: \"The Failure of Industrial Arbitration\" October 30, 1923; \"Significant Labor Developments During the Coming Year\" October 30, 1923; \"A Dramatic Migration\" concerning African Americans, October 30, 1923; \"Unprotected Pullman Passengers\" October 30, 1923; \"The New Immigration and Its Significance\" November 2, 1923; \"The Probability of Railroad Legislation\" February 7, 1924; \"The Industrial Magna Carta\" February 23, 1924; \"Land Grants to Western Railroads\" February 23, 1924; \"Increased Efficiency of Labor\" February 23, 1924; and \"Real Industrial Statemanship February 25, 1924.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe next ten article titles include: \"Some Other Matters of Record\" June 2, 1924; \"The Verdict from Kansas\" August 7, 1924; \"A Real Test for the Tariff Commission\" August 14, 1924; \"A Billion and a Half Railroad Merger\" August 16, 1924; \"Common Sense\" August 19, 1924; \"President Gompers and a Labor Party\" August 19, 1924; \"A Significant Precedent in Financing Farmers Cooperative Enterprises\"; \"Back to the Declaration of Independence\" August 21, 1924; \"A Costly Labor Policy\" August 23, 1924; and \"Brass Tacks, The Red Flag, and the Constitution\" August 23, 1924.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe final group of articles include: \"Industrial Democracy - Our Greatest Problem\" August 27, 1924; \"The Passing of the Money Gods\"; \"The Conference Board Reports on Taxation in Wisconsin\"; \"The Railroad Labor Board\"; \"The Farmer and the Tariff\"; \"Visible and Invisible Tax Burdens\"; \"The Most Helpful Farm Movement\"; \"Radicals and God's Fools\"; \"Militant Friends Needed\"; \"The Unconscious Cruelty of Success\" October 24, 1924; and \"Another Orgy of Railroad Finance.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhile some chapters have no individual date, they likely all come from drafts in 1931 or 1932. It is unclear which version belongs to each draft, and equally unclear which versions the explanatory note references. Chapter VII is largely missing. The name of the book may have eventually changed to \"The Need for a Unified Banking System.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eW. Jett Lauck was chairman of the Pennsylvania Anthracite Coal Commission, responsible for investigating the state of the anthracite industry and the coal bootlegging situation in Pennsylvania, as well as recommending action.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe United States Anthracite Coal Commission is a different and separate entity than the Pennsylvania Anthracite Coal Commission over which Lauck presided (see also, \"United Mine Workers of America before the U.S. Anthracite Coal Commission\").\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor reference, the Ad Interim Report was a report made halfway through the Commission's studies; the Final Report was the last official report of the Commission and contains recommendations; the Complete Report was a compendium of all of the Commission's work and reports (over 500 pages).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports include \"Anthracite Lands and Deposits,\" \"Anthracite Royalties,\" and \"Control of the Anthracite Industry.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports include \"Financial Operations of Anthracite Companies\" and \"Monopolistic Nature of the Anthracite Industry.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese include \"Award of the Anthracite Coal Strike Commission: Subsequent Agreements, and Resolutions of Board of Conciliation\" (July 1, 1936); \"A Labor Case With Merit: Editorial Comment on the Case of the Anthracite Mine Workers\" (1920); and \"Labor Information Bulletin,\" U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (February 1937).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProposed Bills include the Anthracite Coal Industry Act; the Anthracite Public Authority Bill; the Cooperative Marketing Bill; the Pennsylvania Anthracite Commission; and Suggestions and Opinions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFiles included under Rates contain, the 1933 Freight Rate Case Excerpts and Statistics; Charts and Tables; General Information (see also Anthracite Institute Statistical Data, Maps, and Drawings, Anthracite Producers Statistical Data, Maps, and Drawings); the Interstate Commerce Commission Data; \"Intrastate Rates on Anthracite in Pennsylvania\"; and Rate Fixation in 1915.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports include: \"Combination in the Anthracite Industry,\" \"Comparison of Earnings and Wage Rates in the Anthracite and Bituminous Mines of Pennsylvania,\" \"Exhibits of the Anthracite Operators in Reply to Exhibits Presented by the Anthracite Mine Workers,\" \"Irregularity of Employment in the Anthracite Industry,\" \"Occupation Hazard of Anthracite Miners,\" \"Profits of Anthracite Operators,\" and \"The Relationship Between Rates of Pay and Earnings and the Cost of Living in the Anthracite Industry of Pennsylvania.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports include: \"Reply of the Anthracite Operators to the Demands of the Anthracite Mine Workers,\" \"The Sanction for a Living Wage: A Compilation of Data From Official and Authoritative Sources,\" \"Summary, Analysis, and Statement,\" \"The Trade Union as the Basis for Collective Bargaining: A Compilation of Sanctions and Experiences,\" \"Trade Unions,\" and \"Wholesale and Retail Prices of Anthracite Coal 1913-1920.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese exhibits include \"Changes in Cost of Living in the United States, 1913-1922,\" \"A Just and Reasonable Wage,\" and \"Monthly Earnings of Sectionmen.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe volume includes exhibits on \"Harmful Effects of Low Wages Upon Health and Morals,\" \"The So-called Law of Supply and Demand,\" \"The Just and Reasonable Wage,\" \"Changes in the Cost of Living in the United States, 1913-1922,\" \"Probable Course of Prices,\" \"Comparison of Prices and Living Costs,\" \"Monthly Earnings of Section Men,\" and \"Monthly Earnings of Section Men – Basic Tables.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes the following files: Briefs; Construction and Repair of Railroad Equipment; Correspondence on Leasing Out Repair Roads; Minutes of the Philadelphia Hearing; Petition to the Interstate Commerce Commission; Press - Clippings concerning Outside Repair; Press Release Originals; General Electric and Westinghouse; Labor Costs; Louisville to Nashville Railroad; and Miscellaneous.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eW. Jett Lauck has also referred to this case as \"the Shopman's Case\" or the \"B.M. Jewell Case.\" Jewell was the President of the Railway Employees division of the American Federation of Labor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote that all exhibits were presented before the United States Railroad Labor Board.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExhibit 11a includes the section \"Financial Mismanagement of the LeHigh Valley Railroad Company\" and Exhibit 12 includes the \"Summary.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExhibit tTitles include: \"Occupation Hazard of Railway Shopmen\"; \"Punitive Overtime\"; \"Industrial Relation on Railroads prior to 1917\"; \"Standardization\"; \"The Recognition of Human Standards in Industry\"; \"The Unity of the American Railway Systems\"; \"Human Standards and Railroad Policy\"; \"Seniority Rules of the National Agreements\"; \"The Sanction of the Eight Hour Day\"; \"The Work of the Railway Carmen,\" and \"The Development of Collective Bargaining on a National Basis.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese include: \"Pending Railway Legislation\"; \"The Present Railroad Labor Problem\"; \"The Future Policy as to the Railroads\"; \"Compulsory Arbitration\"; \"Labor Adjustment Boards of the Railroad Administration\"; \"The Reasonableness of the Requests of Locomotive Firemen\"; \"Time and One-Half For Overtime\"; and \"Compulsory Arbitration.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Sleeping Car Conductors Case files consist of several successive cases arranged in this finding aid roughly in the chronological order in which they occurred.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExhibits include \"An Adequate Basic Wage,\" \"Earnings of Sleeping Car Conductors compared with Changes in the Cost of Living,\" \"Various Factors Indicating Rising Standards of Living in the United States Since 1914,\" \"Compensation of Sleeping Car Conductors compared with other Expenses and Revenue of the Pullman Company,\" and \"General Trend of Wages, 1913-1918, as Compared with Earnings of Sleeping Car Conductors.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExhibits include \"Increased Productive Efficiency of Sleeping Car Conductors and Financial Administration of the Pullman Company,\" \"Increased Labor Productivity,\" and \"Standards of Wage Determination.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file includes information and statistics on Besler Steam Power Trains; the Comparative Costs of Operation; Locomotives in Service; Diesels in Switching Service; Earnings Per Hour; Freight Cars; and General Statistics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese charts include: \"Anthracite Combination,\" \"The Seven Departments of the Anthracite Industry,\" \"Interlocking Directorates Showing Working Control of Anthracite Operating Companies,\" and \"Profits of Anthracite Combination.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCharts include \"Affiliations of Railroads and Banking Houses,\" \"New York Bank Control of Railroads and Railroad Equipment Companies,\" \"New York Bank Control of Coal Mining Companies and Coal Railroads,\" and \"The Geographical Spread of New York Railroad Control.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExhibits include \"Employment and Compensation of Railroad Employees\"; \"Cost of Living\"; \"Methods of Reporting Wage and Hour Data\"; and \"Increasing Output per Worker and Decreasing Wage Cost Per Unit of Output.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExhibits include: \"Trend of Railway Operating Revenues and Total Compensation\"; \"The Rising Tide of Recovery A Survey of the Leading Business Indices\"; \"Labor Movement Supports Railway Workers in Resisting a Wage Cut\"; \"Squandering the Maintenance Dollar\"; \"Financial Mismanagement through Banker Control of Railroads\"; \"Training and Skill of Track and Roadway Section Men\"; \"Average Hourly Earnings in Railroads and Other Industries\"; and \"Estimated Money Share of Individual Railroads in the Proposed 15 Per Cent Pay Reduction.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMorgan's statements include those on wages; postwar economic conditions, developments, and private bankers' constructive services; and interference and control in corporate managements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese include \"Cost of Living is Increasing,\" \"The Railroad Plea of Poverty,\" \"Labor Versus Materials and Interest,\" and \"The Railroads versus the Public Interest\" (printed).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTables include \"Dividend Performance of Anthracite Railroads and Trunk Lines Compared,\" \"Percentage Relationships of Dividends Paid on Stock Dividends to Total Compensation Paid Employees,\" and \"Distribution of Capital Resources.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eW. Jett Lauck was employed by the John G. Paton Company of New York City to study the report of the Tariff Commission of 1928 as to the costs of production in the maple sugar industry in the United States and in Canada. He then gave his conclusions on the report to the company and as testimony before the Tariff Commission itself.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are excerpts from the following: the Tariff Commission Stenographer's Minutes (June 1927), Hearings before the House Committee on Ways and Means (January 1929), Hearings before the Senate Finance Committee (June 1929), Debates in the U.S. Senate (January 1930), Remarks of the Honorable Ernest W. Gibson (February 1930), the Roodenburg Report (November 1930), George H. Burr and Company Report (March 1931), R.G. Dun and Company Report (undated), Cary Maple Sugar Company Federal Income Tax Returns (1921-1930), and Cary Testimony (undated).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese include: Agricultural Adjustment Act and Amendment, House Resolution 9439, Orders from the President and National Recovery Administrator, Regulation 81, Regulation 82, and Secretary of Agriculture Regulations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFiles include the following folders: News clippings; Comparison of Lauck and Mahon Agreements; Final Agreement; General; Hanna Memorandum; Insurance; Saint Louis Public Service Company Union Plan for Cooperation; and Saint Louis Public Service Company Operating Notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFiles include Pamphlets on Public Utilities, Press on Public Utilities, Press on Governor Roosevelt and Power Utilities, [Union?], and a Report addressed to Frank P. Walsh (1864-1939).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere were two hearings before the United States Tariff Commission related to an investigation into the costs of sugar production. After the January hearings (January 15-24, 1924), other briefs were filed. There was a call for another hearing to be held in March (March 27-28, 1924) after which it was decided that all parties had until April 10th  to file more briefs in connection with the hearings. W. Jett Lauck coordinated and prepared documents for many of the parties involved. He also served as a witness for the Hawaiian Sugar Planters Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes news about the Bituminous Coal Commission.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis includes the \"Report, Findings and Award of the United States Anthracite Coal Commission of 1920.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFiles pertaining to Wages include: Wage Demands; Wage Rates of Employees Other Than Contract Miners; Wages, Earnings and Work Conditions in General; Wages in Various Industries 1914 to 1920; and Wages in Various Industries and Occupations: A Summary of Wage Movements 1914-1920.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMass strikes in both the anthracite and bituminous coal industries in 1922 led to a standstill in production. When the miners and operators failed to reach any agreements, the government abandoned its hands-off approach and attempted to set up commissions to arbitrate the cases. After several failed attempts, both an Anthracite and Bituminous Coal Commission were established to not only arbitrate the current situation, but to investigate its origins in the general history and conditions of the coal industries. W. Jett Lauck was involved with the United Mine Workers of America in both cases to varying degrees. Material is separated into Anthracite and Bituminous, with common material labelled \"General.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSome dates are corroborated by list of case exhibits. Where corroboration is not possible, no date has been inferred. Classification as \"exhibit\" is applied based either on inclusion in a numbered list of exhibits or Lauck's handwritten filing directions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters are presumably from W. Jett Lauck to the \"New York Times\" Managing Editor and to the President, regarding the establishment of an Arbitration Board.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese three memoranda are to Mr. Lewis, July 8, 1922; one concerning the production of the Central Competitive Field, April 27, 1922; and a third showing the financial connections of the Boston Financial Group and Secretary Mellon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe two press releases include a letter to the President regarding Arbitration, July 15, 1922, and the UMWA Statement about Mr. Murray's Speech,  April 22, 1922.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems include a \"Journal\" Communication sent to every member of Congress, 1922; a Letter to Officers and Members, May 25, 1922; and the UMWA Wage Scale Committee proposed wage scale, February 14, 1922.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe History of the Development of the Anthracite Coal Combination contains five sections: Section 1, Early History of Anthracite Consolidations and Combinations; Section 2, Consummation of the Anthracite Combination, 1896; Section 3, Methods by Which Railroads Have Discriminated in Favor of Their Allied Coal Companies and Favored Clients; Section 4, The Influence of the Combination Upon Freight Rates, Shipping Allotments, and Prices; and Section 5, Present Situation as Regards Ownership and Control.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe unnumbered exhibits include \"The Coal Controversy\" May 1922 and Geological Survey, Weekly Report on the Production of Bituminous Coal, Anthracite, and Beehive Coke, February 11, 1922.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese exhibits include: Exhibit 6: Seasonal Fluctuations in Production and Transportation, June 15, 1921; Exhibit 7: Production, Capacity, Men Employed, Mine Price Per Ton, and Days Lost, 1922, undated; Exhibit 12: Fluctuation in Employment and Earnings of Bituminous Mine Workers, undated; Exhibit 14: Effect of Price Changes Upon Purchasing Power, 1920; Exhibit 16: Chart Showing Production from Union and Non-Union Districts, March 16,  1922.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMemoranda include \"Complete Unionization Would be the Greatest Factor in Stabilization of Soft Coal Industry\" June 19, 1922, several other miscellaneous undated memoranda for Lewis, plus one on the Earnings of Bituminous Mine Workers for a \"Baltimore Sun\" Article, March 17, 1922.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePress Releases include: Capital Investment and Profit of Bituminous Coal Mine Operators, June 1, 1922; Letter From Ellis Searles to Secretary Hoover, February 8, 1922; Letter Submitting Explanatory and Statistical Material Supporting the Preliminary Report of the Commission on Investment and Profit in Soft Coal Mining, July 6, 1922; and Press Release: Russell Sage Foundation Report on \"The Coal Miners' Insecurity\" April 16, 1922.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMorrow's statements were made before the Committee on Labor, April 25, 1922 and before the Interstate Commerce Commission in the Hearing on Railroad Rates, Fares, and Charges, January 19, 1922.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes Memoranda and Opening Statement on behalf of Anthracite Mine Workers and Research Material and Data.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStatements concern the Request of Anthracite Operators for a Modification of the Wage Scale, before the Anthracite Board of Reference, George Rublee and Frank Morrison, Typescript and Print copies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe reply concerns the request of Operators for modification of the Wage Scale, and was by John L. Lewis, etc. on behalf of the United Mine Workers, before the Anthracite Board of Reference, George Rublee and Frank Morrison, Proofs and Print copies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Anthracite Freight Rate Case files may be part of the previous group but were placed in a separate divider created by the office of Lauck.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStatistics include four categories: General; Anthracite Coal Carrying Railroads, Typed Originals and Carbons; Financial Performance of Coal Companies (clippings and other statistics),Earnings, and Profit; and Salaries of Operator officials, exceeding $10,000 per year.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote: an assigned car is a rail car specifically designated for the use of a particular shipper, or, in the case of private cars, for the use of a particular railroad for a specific customer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLauck also referred to this as the Mahon Case, after President William D. Mahon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile includes the Opinion of the Majority of the Arbitration Board, Dissenting Opinion, and a Report on a Proposed Pension Plan\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese include: \"Discipline and Education of Locomotive Engineers and Firemen and Standardization of Wages\"; \"Progress Made in Electrification of Railroads and Economics Effected Thereby\"; \"The Railway Dollar, What Became of it in 1913\"; \"Revenue Gains by Representative Western Railroads Available to Compensate Locomotive Engineers and Firemen For Increased Work and Productive Efficiency, 1890-1913\"; The Rise and Fall of Mechanical Stokers\"; \"Miscellaneous Statements in Rebuttal to Exhibits Presented by the Railroads\"; \"Opposition of Railroads to Enactment of Federal Hours of Service Law and Efforts of Federal Government to Enforce Same.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAll the years but 1933-1935 have an index in the front of the folder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese \"diaries\" were used to keep a record of Lauck's activities on behalf of a number of organizations, arranged by date.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile includes Lauck's Civil Service record (1945) and National War Labor Board service (1918).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 1911 blueprint \"General Plan\" of the property was prepared by Thomas Meehan and Sons, Mt. Airy, Philadelphia, Landscape Architects, for Francis T.A. Junkin, Lexington, Virginia. The \"Map of Mulberry Hill, Lexington, Virginia,\" 1926, with surrounding properties, was done by R.E. Witt, Certified Land Surveyor.For a typed description of the property by R.E. Witt and a note by W. Jett Lauck, see Box 224 Folder 4.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Bureau of Applied Economics, Inc. was a \"private, independent, scientific organization, established in 1914 for the purpose of doing research and analytical work in the field of industrial, commercial, banking and general economic activities\" according to one of its brochures. It was located in Washington, D.C. \"where the governmental departments, commissions and other organzations with their specialists, archives and unrivaled library facilites render such research more effective and productive than any other city in America\" according to a page from an unknown directory. Hugh S. Hanna was the Director and W. Jett Lauck was listed as both the Chairman of the Advisory Board and the specialist for money and banking.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOne of the chief functions of the Bureau of Applied Econonics was to create publications about importand current issues in the field of labor conditions and industrial relations. These were intended to be brief (50-75 pages) but authoritative and written by a specialist in the subject so that anyone interested in the subject could have access to the gist of all the information in one place and for a low cost. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile includes Monthly Statements, Proofs of Notices, Subscribers and Sales.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile includes Correspondence, Papers, and Table of Contents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLauck taught a course on the History of the Labor Movement at the American University.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Notes chiefly include Political Science, Sociology, Labor vs Capital, Economics, Constitutional Law, American Government, and Agriculture.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese College Notes are chiefly concerned with the Reciprocity Concept and the Chicago Conference with sections on Cuba and Hawaii; Distribution; Receiverships; Sociology and Tariffs; and Printed Material.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMuch of this material is fragmentary or incomplete and it possibly has some material of W. Jett Lauck mixed in.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese photographs include the \"Funeral Procession of Stephen Horvath, McKees Rocks, Pennsylvania, August 14, 1909. Photographs are mostly unidentified and some do not include W. Jett Lauck.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese photographs are mostly unidentified and undated but does includes William Harmon Black and Major Miller Taylor. and his wife.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file consists of seven oversize photographs, including a Staff Conference; the Immigration Commission, Washington D.C. (1907); three photographs of Lauck with the same two  unidentified men; W.D. Mahon; A.A. Mitten; Earl E. Houck; an unidentified man; and an unidentified hearing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder includes four oversize photographs  of Public Code Hearings on Bituminous Coal Industry, 1933 August 9; Cigar Manufacturing Industry AAA Code Hearing, 1933 November 22;  Structural Steel and  Iron Fabricating Industry N.R.A. Hearing, 1933 October 30; and Anthracite Coal Industry, NRA Code Hearing, William H. Davis Deputy Administrator, Washington, D.C., 1933 November 17\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include Agriculture and Farms, Airlines and Aviation, Argentina, Atlantic Charter—Poland*, Atomic Energy and Weapons (see also, J—Japan), Australia, and the Automobile Industry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include Bank Fraud, Banking and Bankers, Baruch Report, Big Three, Bretton Woods Agreement—International Monetary Fund, British Elections 1945, British Labor Party, British Labor Reports and the Second World War and Budget.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include Cartels, Chamber of Commerce, Canada, Capital/Capitalism, Charter [U.N.] (see also, S—San Francisco Conference), Chemical Warfare, Cherry Blossoms—Washington D.C., China, The Church (see also, Religion and Faith), Churchill, Winston (see also, People), Comintern, Communist Party, Congress, Cost of Living, and Cuba.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee also, Strikes, U—United Mine Workers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include Debt, Defense, Deflation, Democracy, Democratic Party, The Depression, Diplomacy, Disease, Driving [Winter], and Dumbarton Oaks Conference.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include Economic Bill of Rights, Economic Development [Committee], Economic Policy (see also, B—Bretton Woods Agreement, Post-War Reconstruction), Economic Rights, Economy of War, Employment (see also, U—Unemployment), Electric Workers, Electricity, and Excess Capacity.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include Farms, Fear, Flooding, Food [Costs] [Rations] [Shortages], Food as Weapon, Foreign Policy, Freedoms, France, Franco, and Full Employment America.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include General Motors [Strike] (see also, Strikes), Germany, G.I. Bill, Gold Standard, Government in Business, Grain Marketing, Great Britain, Growth of Democracy, Hapsburgs, and Hatch-Burton-Ball Bill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include Industrial Divide, Industry, Inflation/Deflation, and Israel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJapan [and the Atomic Bomb], Jefferson [And the Declaration of Independence], The Jewish People [in Nazi Germany], Jobs as a Property Right, and Kipling, Rudyard (see also, People).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include Labor [and War], Latin America, League of Nations (see also, World Government), Legal Aid Societies, Lend-Lease, Liberalism, and the Lima Conference, Liquor Problem, and Living Wage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include Magna Carta, Massachusetts Academy, Meat Industry (see also, Strikes), Middle Class, Monetary Reform, Morale [Poor], and Moving Pictures.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include National Association of Manufacturers, National Income, National Interest, \"New Era\" 31*, New York State Industrial Survey Commission 28*, New York Transit Strike, Office of Price Administration, and Oil.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include Pacifists, Packing Houses, Thomas Paine,  Palestine, Pan-American Union, Patents, Peace, Pennsylvania Labor Act, Philanthropy, Poland, Political Minorities, Population [United States] 1940, Power, The Press, Price Controls, Prisoners of War, Production, Profit-Sharing, Profiteering, Public Service, and Pump-Priming the Economy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor more clippings on people see also: C—Churchill, K—Kipling, P—Paine, R—Roosevelt, Rural Electrification Administration [Harry Slattery], S—Stalin, and T—Truman.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile contains topics such as: Post-War Deflation, Post-War Europe, and United States Labor, Industry, and the Economy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include: Race and Racial Strife, Radar, Railways and Railroads, Reciprocity – British Agreement, Reconstruction Finance Corporation, Reconversion [and Wages] (see also, Post-War Reconstruction), Re-employment (see also, Post-War Reconstruction), Republican Party, Republican Record, Right Wing Reaction, Roosevelt, Rural Electrification Administration [Harry Slattery], Russians who Fought for Germany in World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include: San Francisco Conference (see also, United Nations), Savings, Sherman Act, Social Security, Socialism, Socialized Medicine, South America, The South [and Politics], The South [and Poll Tax Ban], Southern Revolt, Soviet Union/Russia, Spain, St. Lawrence Seaway, Stalin, Subsidy, Sugar, Supreme Court, Packing the Supreme Court, and Syria.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee also, Coal, G-H—General Motors [Strike], M—Meat Industry, N-O—New York Transit Strike, Steel, and U—United Mine Workers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include: Tariff Bill, Taxes, Textiles, Third Political Party, Totalitarian States, Troops, Truman [Report], Trusteeships; Unemployment, (see also, E—Employment), Unions, United Kingdom [Britain], United Mine Workers (see also, Coal), Unity, National\nVirginia, and Virginia Budget Efficiency.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee also S—San Francisco Conference and World Government.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include: Wage Central, Wages, Wagner Health Bill, Wall Street, War, War Aims, War and Capital, War Contracts Settlement, War Cost, War Crimes, War Labor Board, War Production Board, Work Week, World Bank, and World War II [Battles].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file includes agendas, correspondence, reports, membership, and the tentative program.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include: American Mining Congress Declaration of Policy, \tdisagreements over the NRA code, gasoline and coal, new processes, and the right to strike.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file includes an \"Investigation of Paint Creek Coal Fields of West Virginia,\" \"The Truth about Coal River Collieries,\" \"West Virginia Coal Fields\" (Senator Kenyon), Colorado Coal Fields, and a List of West Virginia Coal Fields.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes Houde Engineering Company Memorandum submitted to the National Labor Relations Board, the Hunt Memorandum outlining the Study of Competing Fuels, Lauck's review of \"The Coal Industry\" by Glen L. Parker, the Keller Bill for the Mississippi Valley on the Relative Importance of Fuels, \"Oil-Coal Mixtures as Industrial Fuel\" by J.E. Hedrick, and the Coal Cost of Producing Electricity, by J. Leonard Matt in the \"New York Herald Tribune.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Railroads Financial History material was used in preparation of exhibits for the Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen and Enginemen Case and updated for use in later cases involving railroads.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese news clippings include: British railway strike, credit, Thomas Dew Cuyler article on 1922 strike, Henry Ford's railroad, Gould System, Inadequacies of Railroad Management, Mergers, Nickle Plate Deal, Receiverships and Foreclosure Sales During 1920, and Railroad Retirement Act of 1937.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublications include: Decisions, Dockets, Announcements, Lawsuits, Orders, and Reports.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLauck was on staff as an economist and one of the stockholders for this enterprise. Some stationery has the name \"The Gallatin Institute of Applied Economics\" in the header.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFiles include Memoranda from I.A. Rice to W. Jett Lauck, Recommendations, and Rent Law.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes a bill on the guaranty of bank deposits legislation and the Glass-Steagall Act (printed).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBanking files include Credit Facilities of the Country, Federal Reserve Board Legal Opinion on Bank Centralization (printed), News clippings, Reform, and the United Labor Bank and Trust Company Dissolution.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes files on British wage controversy and the coal industry during World War II, coal industry problems, and the British Coal Mines Act.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCigar Manufacturing Code of Fair Competition files include Amendments proposed by Abraham Goldbloom and Jett Lauck, including Revisions made by Conference on October 20, 1933; Briefs and Statements (1933); Codes (1933-1934); and Profits and Statistical Data (circa 1929-1933).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese include: Table of Contents, Agents of Concentration and Railroads; Cotton Mills (director); Public Utilities (directors); Concentration of control of Financial and Industrial Resources; Public Utilities (securities), Public Utilities (affiliations), and Public Utilities (summary and tables).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese include: Summary of Banker Control in American Industry; Concentration of Financial Control of Industry; Concentration of Control of the Iron Ore Mining Industry; Report on Public Utilities; Concentration and Control of Money and Credit; Industrials (directors), Agents of Concentration, Coal (statistics), Iron and Steel Report (summary), Industrials (report), Railroads (statistics), Cotton Industry, Coal and Iron Mining; and Concentration of Control of Various Industries (iron, coal, water).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese files include the Bill by Colonel W.G. Williams (1946); an Inquiry by the Federal Power Commission Control (June 27, 1945); and the Memoranda of Colonel W.G. Williams, 1945-1946).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese files include: Miscellaneous, including charts - W. G. Williams (1945-1946); Gas and Oil Pipelines, including a proposed letter from Admiral Stuart to President John L. Lewis (October 16, 1944); and the United States Department of the Interior report of Investigations (July 1945).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConstitutional Amendment files include: Action by Organizations (1936-1937); Articles and News clippings (1935-1939); Bills, including those proposed by Benson, Costigan, Ford, Gray, Maas, and Marcantonio (1935-1937); Challenges to the Authority of the Supreme Court to Declare Legislative Acts Unconstitutional, Notes and Memoranda by W. Jett Lauck, Donald R. Richberg, Merle D. Vincent and Henry [Warrum] (1935-1936); and Correspondence and Memoranda about the New York and Washington, D.C. Meetings (1936).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConstitutional Amendment files include: Detroit Conference (1937); History and Comments (1936?); National Committee and Reports from Henry T. Hunt (1936); National Conference about (1936-1937); Recommendations and Suggestions made by President Roosevelt for a Bill to \"Pack the Supreme Court\" (1937); and Speeches by David J. Lewis and Daniel C. Roper (1935).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterial includes the labor and production costs of cotton, silk and wool goods before and after World War I.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFiles include a Memorandum on Major Berry and Conference Plans (1935 November, undated); News (1936-1937); Press Releases (1936-1937); and Summaries and Reports (1936 June-July).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMemoranda topics include the Austrian state railways, the book \"Railroad Melons, Rates, and Wages\"; the suggestions of Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Vice-President Tatnall for railroad improvements; the Cincinnati Southern Railway; and Cooperatives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese include speeches and statements of Governor Earle, Chief Justice Hughes, British House of Commons, Secretary of State Hull, Secretary Ickes, Robert H. Jackson, Governor Frank Murphy, Senator Norris, Secretary Frances Perkins, Burton K. Wheeler, and Wendell L. Wilkie.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis opinion was given by the General Counsel of the Federal Reserve Board.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese files include the first through third versions introduced in the 72nd Congress in 1932, S. 3215, S. 4115, and S. 4412.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese House bills include: H.R. 7250 (a bill creating national mortgage banks); H.R. 7620 (a bill to create Federal Home Loan Banks); H.R. 11340 (a bill to require national banking associations to furnish bonds to protect depositors against loss of deposits); H.R. 11422 (a bill to regulate the value of money, and for other purposes); and H.R. 12280 (an act to create Federal Home Loan Banks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes an article by Lauck, \"America's New Immigrants\" and reviews of his book with Jeremiah Jenks, \"The Immigration Problem. A Study of American Immigration Conditions and Needs.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes a Memorandum from Lucius E. Wilson and Research concerning the cotton industry (1890-1912), economic consumption, 1890-1914,  prepared by Frances P. Valiant, centers of population (1914), prices (1914), tendencies in real wages (1900-1913), and wages and prices  (1912-1914)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe topics include: Agriculture; Anti-Strike Bill; Book Reviews; Bituminous Coal; Child Labor Law; Civil Service Employment, Reclassification and Retirement; Federal Employment; Federal Coal Commission; and Foreign Industry and Labor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe topics Include: Health; Housing; Immigration; Industrial Accidents; Labor Mobility; Milk Bill; National Industrial Conference; New Jersey Chamber of Commerce; Public Health Service; Punitive Overtime; Racial Question, Commission on (\"Negro Wage Earners\"); Seaman's Act Revision in Merchant Marine Bill; Soldiers' Adjusted Compensation Legislation; Steamship Business Training; and United States Steel Corporation Pension Fund.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo of these files focus on Employee Representation - Efficiency through Cooperation, and include \"A Report on Workers' Participation in Management\" with an appendix, by W. J. Lauck, March 1921.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCompanies include: Bethlehem Steel Company, Endicott Johnson and Company, Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company, International Harvester Company, Midvale Steel and Ordnance Company, Standard Oil Company of New Jersey, and General.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFiles include: Distribution of Output of Industry; Foreign Trade; General; Labor; Mass Production and Distribution; Production and Stock Market; and Prosperity.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLabor topics in these files include: Labor and Churches (1922-1937); Labor and Industrial Policy during World War I, Memoranda on (1917-1918); Labor Gazette Program (undated); General material (1914-1920); Labor in Great Britain (1918-1937); Labor Injunctions (1927-1932); Labor Insurance (1928); Labor Legislation and Politics (1928); Labor Organizations (1910-1929); Labor Policies (1928); and Labor Problems (1919).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Unemployment topics include: Joint Committee on Unemployment; Press; Social Effects of Unemployment, Statistics; and the Wagner Bills.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterstate Commerce Commission files include: Decision on Freight Rates in Anthracite Case; Five Per Cent Case; Hearing on Rates on Grain, etc.; Operating and Wage Statistics; and Petition concerning the \"Inefficiency of Railroad Employees.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Interstate Commerce Commission files include: Rules on Locomotive Inspection; Rules of Practice; Rules governing Classification of Steam Railway Employees; and Seasonal Variation of Railway Operating Income.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional files include: Labor Conditions, including mining accidents; Manufacturers; and Monthly Production of Pig Iron in the United States.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJourneymen Stone Cutters of America files include: Affidavits and Letters on Indiana Situation; Agreements; Amalgamation (Knoxville Wage Scale); Arts and Crafts Industry - Mr. M. W. Mitchell; Bloomington and Bedford Names and Local Vote; Cast Stone Industry Code; Limestone Code; Limestone Code Statement for Hearings and Suggested Complaint to the National Labor Board; the Marble Manufacturing Code, President Mitchell; Press Releases and Miscellaneous; the Sandstone Code and Statement by M.W. Mitchell, President of the Journeymen Stone Cutters' Association of North America.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Labor Costs files include: Bituminous Mine Workers; Book Paper Industry; Canned Salmon; Canned Vegetable Industry; Coal; Construction; Copper Production and Sale; Cotton Industry; Cotton, Silk, and Wood Goods Production Before and After World War I; and Fertilizer Industry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Labor Costs files include: Hide and Tanning Industries; Leather and Shoe Industries; Pig Iron; Railroads, including Eastern, Operating, Southern, and Western; Relation to Prices; Shoe Industry; Steel Production in the United States; Sugar Profiteering; Summary; Various Industries; and Women's Muslin Underwear Industry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Living Wage subtopics include: The Case for a Living Wage; Cost; Cost of Rearing Children; Department of Labor; Effects; Fair Labor Standards Act (Bills, Interpretations, Regulations, etc.); Farmers; and General Press (1 of 2 folders).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLiving Wage subtopics include: General Press (2 of 2 folders); Harmful Effects of Low Wages; Lauck Statements; Miscellaneous; National War Labor Board; Practicability (2 folders); Request for a Ruling from the United States Railroad Labor Board on the Living Wage;  \"Sanction for a Living Wage\"? Quotation Verification Work for Lauck's book with that title; Statement of the National War Labor Conference; and an Undated Essay on \"The Just and Reasonable Wage.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese documents include the Charter, Constitution, General Plans of Work, Explanation and Comment, Outline of Organization and Scope of Work at the Outset, By-Laws, Suggestions and Notes on Separate Trust Fund, and an article \"Employee Ownership\" by Thomas E. Mitten.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMitten Management topics include: Labor Cooperation in Australia; Organized Labor in New Orleans; Personal News clippings; Press; and Strikes in Philadelphia and Buffalo.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLiterature includes the New York Advertising Club Plan, Memoranda and Principles, etc., which also includes articles by Fred Brenckman and Isador Teitelbaum.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems include the Conscription of Property Senate Bill 1579 and Consumer Division of Defense, Labor, and Steel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese files include a report of the Iron Ore Committee, a copy of the \"National Natural Resources Act,\" and the Report of the Planning Committee for Mineral Policy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese bills include the Bill for Stabilization and Conservation of Natural Gas and Petroleum and the Cole Bill (H.R. 7372) Petroleum Conservation Act.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFiles include General; a Brief; Mr. McGinn's Statement; General Producers Company, Mr. Taylor and John L. Lewis; and Sinclair Company - Maintenance of Retail Prices.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApparently Lauck used his work with the Philadelphia Rapid Transit Company as a basis for his book, \"Political and Industrial Democracy, 1776-1926.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIncludes files on the following companies: Baltimore and Ohio Railroad; Bank of Italy; Boston Consolidated Gas Company; Chicago Surface Lines; Colorado Fuel and Iron Company Plan; Columbia Conserve Company; Comparison of Fundamentals; Comparative Plans; Dennison Manufacturing Company; Dutchess Bleachery; Employee Representation and the Union (PRT); Employee Stock Ownership (PRT); Endicott-Johnson Company (PRT); Filene; Ford Motor Company; International Harvester Company; Investment Bankers and Cooperative Plans; Louisville Railway Company; Loyal Legion of Loggers and Lumbermen; and Milwaukee Electric Power and Light Company.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes files on the following companies: \tNash Tailoring Company; New Cooperative Plan; Packard Piano Company; Pennsylvania Railroad; Peoples Gaslight and Coke Company; Philadelphia Convention; Printz-Biederman Company; Southern Railway; Standard Oil Company; Summary with 1939 clipping; and Union Recognition Case.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes news clippings about the Electric Bond and Share Company, Power Authority of New York and others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes a speech by Frank P. Walsh before the  Public Ownership League of America and a Research Bulletin on the Potomac Electric Power Company of Washington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese files include ones for Analysis, Bradstreet's, Dun's, General, and Government Control of Prices.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProfiteering files include those on: Address of the President; Agricultural Supplies; Articles by W. Jett Lauck and others (2 folders); Banks; Memorandum to Judge W.H. Black; Building Material; Coal; and Copper.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProfiteering files include: Corporate Earnings and Government Revenues (3 folders); and Corporations, Profits of (3 folders).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProfiteering files include: Industries, various, (3 folders); Manly, Basil M. - Survey of American Industrial Conditions; Meat Packing; Metal Trades; Miscellaneous Industries; 1921; Petroleum; Post War Profits; and Press Statements (2 folders).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProfiteering files include: Railroads During and After the War (American); Railroad Equipment; Shoes and Clothing; Speeches in Congress; Steel;  Sugar; Summary; and War Contracts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes the following filers: the Chicago Memorandum; Pending Work file; press release about the need for co-ordination of transportation facilities; press or news clippings; and railroad employee insurance.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFiles include a draft of a letter to President Roosevelt and a memorandum on Russia from Lauck.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRussia or Soviet Union files include: \"The Red Trade Menace\"; Research by Dunlap; Social and Economic Conditions, chiefly clippings, including concessions, the cotton case, credit, political and propaganda (2 folders); and Trade Mission.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFiles include: \"The Agricultural Situation in the United States\"; \"Labor Banking Movement in the United States, Analysis of\"; \"Membership of Labor Unions\"; and \"Report of the Negro in Industry\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFiles include: Proposal for Cotton Purchase from the United States (3 folders); \"Recent Shifts in Industry\"; \"Report of the Railroad Situation in the U.S.\"; Research – Miscellaneous; and Tariffs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFiles include: Anderson, Paul E. – Reports and Memoranda; Ballantine's Report [on Transportation by Waterway as Related to Competition with the Rail Carriers in the United States]; Commodity Studies, including livestock, potash, green coffee, grains, and rubber; Correspondence; and Department of Commerce Outline.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFiles include: Digest of Hearings and Reports; Electric Generation Capacity, U.S.A.; Extent of Railway Operations; News clippings, including article from \"The New Republic\"; Notes and Outline; and Panama Canal Traffic effect upon Railroad Rates.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file includes a Railway Labor Executives' Policy statement, statement of the Baltimore Association of Commerce, and a paper about the  \"Effect of the Proposed Great Lakes-Saint Lawrence Deep Waterway on the Coal Industry.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe file includes articles by Lester Velie (\"Lean Years for the Rails\"), Harold D. Kootz (\"The Railroad Crisis\"), and one about new types of equipment; a speech by Harry S. Truman on railroad financing; a memorandum about railroads serving the Great Lakes ports; and a memorandum to Robertson about the position of Western railroad presidents concerning the waterway prior to 1933-1934.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports include: \"Analysis of its effects upon railroad and coalmining industries\" by W. Jett Lauck; \"Coordination of Transportation Agencies\" [by W. Jett Lauck?]; Report of Railroad Coordinator's Freight Traffic Report, including freight rate increases and petroleum pipeline rates; and Report of the Railroad System, Beneficial Effects of project upon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFiles for this committee include: General (2 folders); Papers submitted by J.W. Garrow and White; the Report, both Typescript and Printed (2 folders); Uniform Manufacturers Association Statement; United States Chamber of Commerce Presentation; and Vouchers and Expenses submitted by W. Jett Lauck.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFiles include Awards, Decisions, and Authorizations (printed) and Exhibits prepared for the Board by Lauck and associates.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSocialism files include; \"What it is and what it is not\" and History in the United States.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFiles include: \"Compilation of the Social Security Laws\"; Correspondence with Barbara Nachtrieb Armstrong (Chief of Staff for Social Security Planning of the Committee on Economic Security; Correspondence with Pauling C. Gilbert; Directory of State Employment Security Officials; and Draft Bills for State Unemployment Compensation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFiles include: H.R. 4142 (Lewis Bill); H.R. 7260 (Social Security Act); Information Primer on the Committee on Economic Security; Inventory of Job Seekers Registered at Public Employment Offices; and League of Nations Staff Pension Fund.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFiles include: Major Migratory Routes in the United States; Memoranda to Mr. Kennedy; National Women's Trade Union December Bulletin; Newspapers; and \"Old Age Insurance.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFiles include: Pamphlets and Print Materials; Preliminary Report on Occupations of Job-Seekers in 43 States; \"The Problem of Insecurity\" (Committee on Economic Security); Radio Address of Frances Perkins, Secretary of Labor; and Recommendations of the Social Security Board Federal Advisory Council.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFiles include: \"Social Security Act and War Manpower Commission\" and Social Security Board Federal Advisory Council Binder of Documents (2 folders).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFiles include: Social Security Board Federal Advisory Council Meeting (June 1940); Social Security Board Federal Advisory Council Meeting (October 1942); \"Social Security in Defense and After\"; Statements on the Wagner-Lewis Economic Security Bill; Thrift and Security Foundation, Inc.; \"Two Special Reports on Social Legislation\" (Business Advisory Council); United Mine Workers of America Proposed Retirement Plan; and Vocational Training Program for National Defense.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include: Mineral production, \"A Working Economic Plan for the South,\" Washington and Lee as a Southern institution, and the Southern Commercial Congress (all printed).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile includes memoranda to John L. Lewis and suggestions by Katharine Pollak, federal regulation and steel codes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include a file on Arbitrations, including Portland, Maine; Eastern Massachusetts Street Railway; Boston Elevated Railway Company; and Cumberland County Power and Light Company. Other railway topics include: District of Columbia; \"Low Fares\" article by Louis B. Wehle; the Mahon Case; and a Report by Delos F. Wilcox.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFiles include: \"The Bridgemen's Magazine,\" Vol. XXXIII, Nos. 11 and 12; Conferences; H.R. 7596 (To License and Regulate Inter-State Coal Corporations); H.R. 12285 (Ellenbogen's Bill); H.R. 12499 (Wood's Steel Bill); Lauck Notes and Memoranda; and Lists of Materials Prepared in Connection with Iron Workers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFiles include: P.J. Morrin Exhibits I (a), II, and III-VIII; P.J. Morrin's Report as Labor Advisor to Chairman of the Labor Advisory Board and his Statement Before the National Recovery Administration; Possible Projects – Golden Gate Bridge, San Francisco, California and United States Courthouse, New York City; Statement of William P. McGinn to Deputy Administrator; and \"Summary and Objectives of Proposal for New National Recovery Act Legislation.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFiles include: the Fair Tariff League; Press, including the French situation; and Wood Pulp, Woolens and Worsteds (2 folders).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaxation files include: \"Conclusions and Constructive Suggestions as to Tax Revision\" by David B. Robertson; News clippings, Printed Material and Press Releases (2 folders); and Notes and Drafts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFiles include: copies of clippings at back of folder; Charts used by Isador Lubin in his Testimony; and Notes by W. Jett Lauck and associates.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include: \"Dynamics of Transport\"; \"How Transport has Shaped the Pattern of National Development\"; \"Objectives of Public Policy\"; \"Problems of Interest Groups\"; \"Problems of National Defense\"; Problems of Rate Levels and Rate Relationships\"; \"Problems of Regulatory Policy\"; \"Problems of Transportation Policy – Review of Basic Issues and Alternative Solutions\"; \"Problems of Transport Coordination\"; \"What Lies Ahead in Transportation\"; and \"What the Transportation System Looks Like Today.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFiles include information about the 1922, 1934, 1940 (2 folders), and 1946 Conventions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWage files include: American Federation of Labor; Articles, Bibliography on Wage Cutting and on a Saving Wage; Disease; Earnings in Ohio; \"A Fair and Reasonable Wage\"; and Minimum Wage (2 folders).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWage files include: Productive Efficiency Theory; Productivity; Railroad; Rates; Real Wages; Regulation; Report on \"Wages and Hours of Labour in Canada\" and Report of Australian Royal Commission; Standard of Living; Various Industries (2 folders); Wage Adjustments; White Collar Workers; Women; and Works Project Administration.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include: the wartime control of labor (France), War Labor Conference Report (February 25, 1918), \"Labor Policies and the War, War Profits Bill, war and labor, and war tax law.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials include: a pamphlet \"Negro Women in Industry in 15 States,\" and other printed material from the Department of Labor and the Women's Bureau.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTitles include: \"American Institute for Economic Research Monthly Bulletin\" (1944) and \"Automotive War Production\" (1945).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTitles include: \"Babson's Washington Reports\" (1938-1939); \"Bank of the Manhattan Company of New York (1946); and \"The Bulletin\" from the International Typographical Union (1945-1946).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTitles include: \"California Safety News\" (1919); \"Common Sense\" (1944); and \"Congressional Daily\" (1941, 1944-1946).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTitles include: \"Economic Notes\" (1939); and \"The Economic Outlook\" (1940, 1944).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTitles include: \"Foreign Commerce Weekly\" (1941) and \"Foreign Policy Bulletin\" (1943, 1946).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTitles include: \"Human Events\" (1947); \"International Post-War Service Statistical Bureau\" (1943); and \"International Statistical Bureau Foreign Letter\" (1943-1944).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTitles include: \"National Bureau of Economic Research\" (1933-1934); \"The National Grange\" (1932); \"People's Lobby Bulletin\" (1945); \"Private Newsletter\" (1934); and \"Propaganda Analysis\" (1939).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTitles include: \"Report of the Mexico City Bureau\" (1940); and \"The Southern Patriot\" (1945-1946).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTitles include: \"United Business Service\" (1941); United Construction Workers News (1946); \"Washington Review\" from Chamber of Commerce, U.S. (1940, 1943); and \"The Yardstick Catholic Tests of a New Social Order\" (1941-1942, 1944).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes booklets on \"Diplomatic List\" (1925); National Policy Committee booklet, \"Implications to the United States of a German Victory\" (1940); \"The Storm Washington D.C. January 27-28, 1922; \"The Story of the Globe\" (undated); andClifford Thorne (undated).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: National Association Real Estate Boards (1924); National Monetary Association (1923, undated); \"National Transportation Institute Freight Rates and Prices, 1867-1923\" (1923); New Jersey Teacher Retirement and Pensions (1919); and New School for Social Research (1920).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: Railroads (1944); Remedial Loan Societies (1928); and Remington Rand Inc. (1935).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: Schools (1928-1929); Sperry Corporation (1936); Standard Oil Company (1922); and Standard Statistics Company (1925).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: Virginia State Chamber of Commerce (1924-1930); and \"A Brief History of Taxation in Virginia,\" by Edgar Sydenstricker (1915).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: Senator George D. Aiken (1941), Thurman Arnold on \"Labor Against Itself\" and Antitrust Law Enforcement (circa 1941, undated).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes Samuel Brodbelt with a letter to Lauck, February 1, 1940.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: Charles H. Chase on Trade Credit Banking (1934); John Corbin on National Planning (1932).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: Maurice R. Davie, \"What Shall We Do About Immigration? (1946); Eleanor Davis \"The Future of Personnel Administration in the US\" typescript (undated); Edward T. Devine, \"American Labor's Improved Status Since 1914\" (1928); and Wallace B. Donham, \"National Ideal and Internationalist Idols\" (1933).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: Marriner S. Eccles (1939); Irving Fisher \"The Debt - Deflation Theory of Great Depressions\" (1933); and Harry Emerson Fosdick sermon \"A Christian Conscience about War\" (1925).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: Walter Graves, Jr., an open letter concerning Hitler and the British Isles (1941); Senator Pat Harrison (1925); W.P. Harvey, articles on living wage, and capital and labor (undated); Leon Henderson on Use of Small Loans for Medical Expenses (1930), and Alice Hosteler article on Producer-Consumer Relations (undated).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: Benjamin A. Javits, (1933-1934); Jefferson Institute, including an address by Daniel C. Roper (1934); George L. Knapp on Senator Edward P. Costigan of Colorado (undated); and Dr. Julius Klein, \"The Business Trend Since 1921\" (1927).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: J.C. Laughlin, \"Demand and Prices,\" August 1932; William M. Leiserson, \"Labor Past as Key to Labor Future,\" February 10, 1944; Max Lerner, \"Revolution in Ideas,\" 1939; Alexander Levene, \"Modification of the Antitrust Laws and Purchasing Power\" (1932); and John L. Lewis \"Problems of Organized Labor\" (1936).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes samples of his articles with a biographical summary up to 1933.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: William G. McAdoo, about William Jennings Bryan (1925); Leifer Magnusson, about the International Labor Organization and the American Federation of Labor (undated); Maury Maverick on \"How Solid is the South?\"(1943); Claudius T. Murchison, \"A Great Deal, Some of It New\" (1934); Reinhold Niebuhr, \"Jerome Frank's Way Out\" (undated); Edwin G. Nourse, \"The Nature and Future of Private Enterprise\" (1941); Frances Perkins, speech press release, 1936; Gifford Pinchot, \"Wages, Margins and Anthracite Prices\" and \"Business and Government in the Economic Crisis,\" (1923-1931).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: Jackson H. Ralston \"Superficiality of International Law,\" 1922; Donald R. Richberg and his Labor Plan (1944); John D. Rockefeller, Jr., \"Considerations Concerning Labor Standards,\" 1922; Daniel C. Roper, \"Regimentation and Recovery\" and \"Trade and Commerce in Perspective,\"1934; and Dr. John A. Ryan, \"Organized Labor Today\" (1926).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: Alexander Sachs on Problems of National Recovery (1937); David J. Saposs, \"Current Anti-Labor Activities\" (1938 April 11); Louis G. Silverberg \"Law and Order: Social Menace\" (1938); Upton Sinclair, \"An open Letter to the President\" (undated); Isidor Teitilbaum (undated); and Lawrence Todd (August 1933).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: Henry A. Wallace, speeches (1937-1942); Sidney Webb \"Four Weeks in England\" (1919); Carl I. Wheat, California Railroad Commission, (1927); William Allen White, \"A Yip From the Doghouse\" (1937); Honorable Roy O. Woodruff \"War Frauds\" speech, 1922; and Owen D. Young speeches (1930-1932).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes \"Economic Planning\" (undated); \"When President's Play Politics\" (1938); and fiction pieces written for magazines like \"Ken\" (undated).\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The W. Jett Lauck collection consists of his professional, business and personal papers as an economist, statistician and government consultant on immigration, banking, railroads, coal, and unemployment problems as well as other facets of labor in the United States. Included are correspondence, scrapbooks of news clippings reflecting his activities, labor reports and studies, drafts of congressional bills, legal briefs, and other material concerning labor problems in the United States from its formative World War I years until 1949. They begin with his association with the progressive labor codes of the Taft-Walsh Labor Relations Commission and continue with the Railway Labor Act of 1926; the fight to gain recognition of labor's right to collective bargaining \"through representatives of their own choosing\" under the National Industrial Recovery Act in 1933; the incorporation of its principles in the National Labor Relations Act; and further activity in defense of this act.","Other manuscripts deal with studies of government competition with private business, the American Association for Economic Freedom, the New York Power Authority; branch, chain, and group banking, drafts of speeches, and work diary accounts of activities and meetings with prominent congressional and labor leaders on labor problems and legislation.","The largest portions of the W. Jett Lauck papers deal with cases and arbitrations, chiefly railroad and coal related, his work on various boards and commission and topical files.","His correspondence with individuals heading organizations interested in labor and industrial relations was wide-spread, just as it was with political figures, educators, and labor leaders.\n Among the public figures with whom he corresponded are Bernard Baruch, Homer S. Cummings, Clarence A. Dystra, John T. Flynn, Guy M. Gillette, Leon Henderson, Herbert Hoover, Hugh S. Johnson, Jesse Jones, William S. Knudsen, Robert M. Fa Follette, Jr., Franklin K. Lane, John L. Lewis,  H.C. Lodge, Jr., William G. McAdoo, James M. Mead, Francis P. Miller, Henry Morgenthau, Karl E. Mundt, Donald Nelson, Judge Ferdinand Pecora, Frances Perkins, Gifford Pinchot, James H. Price, Franklin D. Roosevelt, E.R. Stettinius, Jr., Robert F. Wagner, David I. Walsh, Burton K. Wheeler, and Woodrow Wilson.\nThe educators include Hardy Dillard, Edward C. Elliot, Frank Graham, J.W. Jenks, Richard R. Mead, Lewis Tyree, Harry F. Ward, H.B. Wells, and Ray Lyman Wilbur; and the labor leaders Jacob Baker, Solomon Barkin, Van A. Bittner, Sophia Carey, David Dubinsky, P.T. Fagan, John P. Frey, William Green, Sydney Hillman, Earl E. Houck, Thomas Kennedy, Donald MacMillan, and A.O. Wharton.","This series consists chiefly of correspondence but also includes typescripts of speeches by individuals, and financial and other information about organizations.","Correspondents include:  E. Abbott, Louis Adamic, Adrian Adelman, Sara M. Addison, Joseph Agor, Helen Alfred, Fred H. Allen, Irving B. Altman (editor of \"Dynamic America\"), Aluminum Workers of America, Amalgamated Association of Street and Electric Railway Employees, American Association for Labor Legislation, American Association for Social Security, American Council, American Council on Public Affairs, American Farm Bureau Federation, American Guernsey Cattle Club, American Institute for Economic Research, The American Legion, American Political Science Association, American Sugar Cane League, Americana Corporation concerning Lauck's article on United Mine Workers of America, Thomas R. Amlie, Dr. James W. Angell, Charles P. Anson, \"Atlantic Monthly,\" Paul H. Appleby, Leon Ardzrooni (about the death of Thorstein Veblen), Mr. O.M. Armstrong, and Robert W. Arthur.","Correspondents include: Jacob Baker, Kent Baker, Bank of the Manhattan Company, Mary Barclay, A. K. Barnes, Joseph L. Barnett, Gerald Barradas, Barron's (The National Financial Weekly), John Barth, Mrs. Everett Boughton, Mrs. Robert Bennett Bean, Grant L. Bell, William H. Bell, Harold F. Berg, Nelson N. Berry, S. D. Berry, Jacob Billikoph, Margaret G. B. Blachley, James E. Black, Honorable William Harman Black,  Amy Blankenhorn, Heber Blankenhorn, Dr. Thomas C. Blaisdell, Jr., Ellis P. Block, John A. Bohn, E.W.G. Boogher, Book-of-The-Month Club, Inc., Judge Julian F. Bouchelle, Basil Nicholas Helenagoras Bousios, Fenton Bradford, C. Daniel Bremer, Samuel Bristol, G.L. Broaddus, St. Claire Brookes, The Brookings Institution, Herbert Bruce Brougham, E. Kirk Brown, Law Offices of Brown and Brown, H. Russel Brand, Carl P. Brannin, Selig C. Brez, P.F. Brissenden, Professor Leslie Buckler, Raymond Leslie Buell, John Bullock, Bureau of Agricultural Economics, Bureau of Applied Economics, The Bureau of National Affairs, Harold B. Butler, John E. Burton, J.C. Byars, Herman B. Byer, and Reverend James A. Byrnes.","Correspondents include: [Cadle], Jessie L. Campbell, R. Granville Campbell, The Capital News Company,Sophia Carey, Harry J. Carman, J.D. Carneal and Sons Inc.,  Caroline County Library Committee, M.D. Carrel, Samuel McCrea Cavert, The Chesapeake and Ohio Railway Company, The Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone Company, Mrs. Charlotte Chrestien, The Christian Science Publishing Society, Citizens' Council for Total Defense, Brice Claggett, V.M. Clapp, Clark, Dodge and Company, Brokers, Evans Clark, Victor S. Clark, W. A. Clark, Pauline Clarke, J. William Claudy, Thompson Clayton, Dr. Rudolph A. Clemen, Walt Clyde, The Clerk of the Stafford Court House, E.J. Coil, Kenneth Colegrove, George P. Comer, Department of Commerce, Commodity Research Bureau, Inc., Common Council for American Unity, Ellen Commons, Congressional Intelligence, Inc., Consolidated Vultee American Aircraft Corporation, Dr. P. S. Constantinople, W. Dewey Cooke, Edward L. Corbett, James Corbett, John M. Corbett, Council Against Intolerance in America, Council of Young Southerners, Frederick C. Croxton, Cosmos Club, Morgan Cunningham, and Curles Neck Dairy.","Correspondents include: Oscar H. Darter, Henry David, Elmer Davis, Shelby Cullom Davis, William H. Davis, Len De Caux, Kenneth de Courcy, De Jarnette State Sanatorium, Lud Denny, United States Department of Commerce, Marshall E. Dimock (U.S. DoJ), District Unemployment Compensation Board, Edward J. Donohue, Frank P. Douglass, Law Offices of Drain and Weaver, David Dubinsky, Allan Dunlap, Arthur Dunn, Robert W. Dunn, and C. A. Dykstra.","Correspondents include: Joseph B. Eastman, Economic Policy Committee, C. Vernon Eddy, J. A. Efpokito, Gerald Egan, Electric Home and Farm Authority, and Charles T. Estes.","Correspondents include: P. T. Fagan, Reverend Richard M. Fagley, Ruth Ansell Farley, The Farmers and Merchants State Bank, The Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in America, Federal Works Progress Administration for the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, First Bancredit Corporation, First National Bank of Boston, The First National Bank of Keyser, Fjell Line of Great Lakes Transatlantic, Inc., Ralph Fleharty, R. D. Fleming, Courtney Fletcher, Duncan U. Fletcher, M. S. Flint, Frank H. Fljozdal, Fitzgerald Flourney, Hon. Edward J. Flynn, John T. Flynn, Foley, Food Research Institute of Stanford University, B.C. Forbes (Forbes Magazine), R. D. Forbes, Forbes and Myers, Foreign Policy Association, Clark Forman, Fortune, The Forum, Major B. Foster, Founders General Corporation, Mrs. M. N. Fox, Jerome Frank, Frank Brothers, Lafayette Franklin, Franklin Press, Franklin Simon Company, T. McCall Frazier, Free Lance-Star, W. R. Freeman, Paul Comly French, John P. Frey, Elisha M. Friedman, Ruth Friedson, and R. S. Fritter.","Correspondents include: Domenico Gagliardo, George B. Galloway, O. Max Gardner, Honorable Leslie C. Garnett, William Edward Garnett, Stanley Garrison, H. Dymoke Gasson, Paul W. Gates, Gayle Motor Company, Theodore Geiger, Phyliss Geisler, General Elevator Co., General Motors Corporation, Alfred Giardino, Clinton S. Golden, Clem Goodman, Henry J. Goodman \u0026 Co., C. O'Connor Goolrick, John T. Goolrick, Mary K. Gorman, Frank P. Graham, Sally Nelson Gravatt, Walter C. Graves Jr., H. A. Gray, Lanier Gray, H. B. Greybill, Myra Moore Griffith, J. Cleveland Grigsby, Sarah Groomes, Guthrie Lithograph Company, and Walter B. Guy.","Correspondents include: Ernst Haberstadt, Max Haleff, Ford P. Hall, Fred W. Hall, F. S. Hall, Edward W. Hamilton, H. E. Hamilton, Hampden-Sydney College, Hugh S. Hanna, Charles Hansel, William Hard, Harper and Brothers, Emma Harris, Owen Harris, Harvard College Library, Leon Henderson, S.J Henry, Warren F. Hickernell, R. G. Hilldrup, Otto Hillsman and Co., Mary W. Hillyer, S. H. Hines Company, David Hirsh and Son, H. C. Holdridge, Hoover War Library, Herbert Hoover, Harry L. Hopkins, Welly K. Hopkins, Dr. W. E. Hotchkiss, Curtis Hubbard, J.S. Hughes, W. A. Hull, and Thomas Lomax Hunter.","Correspondents include: Major William W. Inglis, Institute of American Meat Packers, Institute of World Economics, International Bank, International Statistical Bureau, Inc., Interstate Bankers Corporation, Investment Bankers Association of America, and Irving Trust Company.","Correspondents include: Gardner Jackson, Meyer Jacobstein, Jjell Lines, Thomas Jefferson (typescript copy of letter, June 11, 1807, concerning newspapers and histories), J. M. Johnson, Honorable Jessie Jones, Roberts W. Jones, N.Y. Journal of Commerce, and The Jury Commission.","Correspondents include: Evelyn Kane, Kappa Sigma House Association, Inc., Augustine B. Kelley, Leon H. Keyserling, Susan M. Kingsbury, Dr. George E. Kingsley, Richard Kirby, John H. Klingenfeld, and Oscar Koppel.","Correspondents include: LABOR, Ladies' Garment Workers Union, (William H. Lamar), Sophia J. Lammers, H. Lamson, Richard V. Lancaster, Thomas Larkin III, Joseph P. Lash, David Lasser, Howard Lee, Joseph N. Leinbach, Albert H. Levene, Robert E. Levine, Charles T. Libby, David E. Lilienthal, The Lincoln National Bank of Washington, Ernest K. Lindley, Geo. W. Linkins, Co., Irving Lipkowitz, Henry T. Lipman, Thomas E. Lodge, Stephen M. Loebl, Norman Lombard, W. C. Looker, Jr., Edward Lynch, and Barrow Lyons.","Topics include: American Legion Convention (1945); Committee for Industrial Organization Procedure and Policy (1935-1936); C.I.O. A.F.L. (1940); Congressman Martin and Mr. MacDougall (1939 March 3); Farmington Conference- War Time Organization Planned by the Administration (1939); Fixation of Coal Prices, Memos Relative to (1939); Fortune Magazine's Conferences or Round Tables (1939); Income Tax Returns of Lewis, J. L. (1940-1941); The Inner Circle (1942 Feb 11); Inter-American Bank (1940); Lindberg on \"Preparedness\" (1940); Missouri Pacific Bonds (1941-1942); National Defense to Post-War Planning (1942-1945); Oil and Gas on a Basis of Equality with Coal (1939); A Plan for Economic Democracy - Article written by Major Holdridge (1939); A Plan for Solving the Economic Crisis by Dr. R.H. Von Liedtke (1937-1941); \"Prohibiting\" Strikes for the Emergency Period (1940); James L. Simpson \"Plan for Maintenance of Economic Balance and Security\" (1940);  The Townsend Plan and Mr. Ivan Towanski (1942); Union Shop and Mr. Leland Olds (1941 November 14); United Mine Workers Suggested Program (1934-1935); War Against Unemployment and Poverty (1940 January 10); Threatened  Competition of Natural Gas with Coal (1944 December 5); and Big Inch Pipe Lines and the Rural Electrification Administration (1946 January 14).","Correspondents include: Bishop Francis J. McConnell, William MacDonald, Ernst D. MacDougall, Donald MacMillan, W. C. MacQuown, R. A. Magowan, Edward C. Maguire, Elizabeth M. Maher, Mason Manghum, Maxwell J. Mangold, Bank of the Manhattan Company, Basil Manly, L. C. Marshall, Thomas O. Marvin, Maryland and District of Columbia Industrial Union Council, Maryland Title and Investment Company, Lucy Randolph Mason, Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company, The Bank of Mathews, Inc., Honorable Maury Maverick, Herbert Mazo, Charles McCarthy, Summerfield A. McCarteney, Bishop Francis J. McConnell, Wm. P. McGinn, Edw. F. McGrady, McGraw-Hill Publishing Company-Inc., Ernest D. McIver, Dr. Archibald McLeish, Thomas P. McTigue, Honorable James M. Mead, Richard R. Mead, Royal D. Mead, D. J. Meserole, Eugene Meyer, Jr.,  Francis Pickens Miller, Francis Trevelyan Miller, Ward B. Miller, H. A. Millis, The Milwaukee Journal, Mine Official's Union of America, John J. Minor, George Minnigerode, William Mitch, Wesley C. Mitchell, R. C. L. Moncure, Jr., Monroe and Berry, C. D. Montague, Jean Montgomery, Monthly Labor Review, Robert Morey, Charles S. Morgan, H. W. Morgan, Marie Morris, J. H. Muirhead, Honorable Karl E. Mundt, and Gorham Munson.","Correspondents include: William R. Nagel, Leonard Nairn, Dr. Philip Curtin Nash, Nash Floor Service, A. Nash Tailoring Company, Natalie, Inc., The Nation, The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, National Association of Manufacturers, National Association of Retired Federal Employees, The National Bank, National Bank of Orange, National Bank of the Republic, National Bank of Washington, National Bituminous Coal Commission, National Broadcasting Company, Inc., National Bureau of Economic Research, National Catholic Welfare Conference, National Child Labor Committee, National Citizen's Council For Defense, The National City Bank of New York, National Cold Steam Company, National Consumers' League, National Council for Prevention of War, National Defense Mediation Board, National Electric Light Association, The National Encyclopedia, National Labor Relations Board, National Lawyers Guild, National Life Insurance Company, National Planning Association, National Resources Planning Board, National Policy Committee, National Press Club, National Recovery Administration, National Resources Board, National Sharecroppers Week, National Window and Office Cleaning Company, National Women's Trade Union League of America, Nation's Business, Nation's Commerce, J. S. Naylor, Donald Nelson, New America, The New Republic, Newsweek, W. S. Newton, The New York Times, George W. Norris, Cecil C. North, The Northern Neck Mutual Fire Association of Virginia, Claudian B. Northrop, and Harold Bernard November.","Correspondents include: Charlton Ogburn, William F. Ogburn, J. G. Ohsol, Joseph C. O'Mahoney, Organization Committee of Social Union, Inc., Mary O'Shaughnessy, William Owen, and John W. Owens.","Correspondents include: Pabst Post-War Employment Awards, A. H. Packard, C. C. Packard, Florence E. Parker, The Parker Corporation, Julius H. Parmelee, Col. Samuel Pascoe, Leo Pavolsky, M. W. Paxton, Jr., Walter Phipes, George Curtis Peck, Ferdinand Pecora, William R. Pendergast, Willis Pepoon, Fred W. Perkins, Thomas W. Perry, Charles E. Persons, Samuel B. Pettengill, Julius I. Peyser, L. W. H. Peyton, David A. Pine, David W. Pipes Jr., Fort Pipes, W. G. Pitero, P.M., Justine Wise Polier, Shad Polier, Wm. T. Powers, Richard T. Pratt, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Evelyn Preston, Harry B. Price, James H. Price, Provisional Committee Toward A Democratic Peace, and Public Affairs Committee.","Correspondents include: Railway Age, Ransdell Inc., Mervyn Rathborne, Stephen Rauschenbush, Carl Raushenbush, The Readers Club, Philip M. Riefkin, Charles S. Robb, James Robb, Newell W. Roberts, D. B. Robertson, Mr. Robey, John M. Robinson, Leland Rex Robinson, Josephine Roche, Rockbridge National Bank, John D. Rockefeller, Jr., Harry L. Rogers, Paul V. Rogers, William N. Rogers, Henry Romeike, Incorporated, Samuel Romer, Walter A. Romer, Leon H. Rouse (with William Green),  Rouss Library, Frances Rowe, and Harold J. Ruttenberg.","Correspondents include: Russell Sage, Lewis D. Sampson, Samuel L. Samuel, Dr. David J. Saposs, Saturday Evening Post, Marshall Schaffer, D. M. Schnapper, L. B. Schnapper, Joseph Schneider, G. Luther Schnur, James T. Shotwell, H. L. Schuh, Montgomery Schuyler, Louis J. Schwab, Henry Herman Schwartz, Ray Scott, Charles Scribner's Sons, Seaboard Air Line Railway Company, Joel Seidman, Shaw-Walker, Chester Shepard, Chester Sheppard, R. T. Shields, Silcox Memorial Fund, Simmons-Boardman Publishing Corporation, Sidney Simon, Richard C. Simonson, John F. Sinclair, Anthony Wayne Smith, C. Archer Smith, Edwin S. Smith, Nelson Lee Smith, S. Granville Smith, Vernon D. Smith, Bernard A. Smyth, H. M. Snead, Jr., Social Union, Inc., The Society for the Advancement of Management, Inc., John E. W. Sohl, L. W. Sorrell, Southern Conference for Human Welfare, Southern Maryland Trust Company, Mr. Sovey, Alexander Spencer, Sphere, R. B. Spindle, George L. Sprague, Saint Albans, Margaret S. Stables, William H. Stafford, Stafford County, Standard Oil Company, Stanford University Library, Louis Stark, State Loan Company, State Teachers College, Henry M. Stephenson, STEEL, Steel Workers Organizing Committee, A. A. Steele, Jean Stephenson, Jos. G. Stephenson, Boris Stern, Harold Stern, E. R. Stettinius, W. M. Steuart, Harry H. Stockfeld, W. L. Stoddard, Benjamin Stolberg, Irving Stone, N. L. Stone, William T. Stone, Chas. G. Stott and Co., Inc., Paul A. Strachan, David Strain, Ralph Strathmore, Nathan Straus, John Studebaker, Ralph G. Sucher, Arthur E. Suffern, Superintendent of Documents (Government Printing Office), Elmer Swack, Paul E. Switzer, Alois P. Swoboda, and Mr. Sydenstricker.","Correspondents include: Ivan Tarnowsky, Tax Policy League, Ordway Tead, Tennessee Valley Authority (Representative Noble J. Gregory), Percy Tetlow, Dorothy Thompson, TIME MAGAZINE, Daniel J. Tobin, John H. Tolan, The Travelers Insurance Company, Beverly Tucker, Henry Saint George Tucker, Earl R. Turner, and The Twentieth Century Fund.","Correspondents include: Alfred P. Wagner, Gordon Wagner, Robert F. Wagner, Thomas C. G. Wagner, J. Forest Walker, Allan E. Walker and Company, George A. Wallace, J. Raymond Walsh, August G. Walters, James N. Walton, James P. Warburg, Dr. Harry E. Ward, R. D. Ward, Ward and Paul, Caroline F. Ware, A.L. Warthen, Charles Washington, Washington and Lee University, \"Washington Post,\" James R. Wason, Elton Watkins, Ralph J. Watkins, Claude S. Watts, Marie Watts, Charles F. Weaver, H. B. Wells, (George) P. West, A. O. Wharton, Ross Wheat, Burton K. Wheeler, William M. Wherry, Hugh A. White, Ralph J. White, W. A. White, T. Y. Wickham, Dorothy G. Wiehl, Dr. Ray Lyman Wilbur, Allan H. Willett, Williams Company, Willis and Willis, Corwin Willson, J. Alfred Wilner, Elsie Cobb Wilson, D. O. Wilson, H. Hazen Wilson, Nelson Wilson, The H. W. Wilson Company, John G. Winant, J. Wise, James Waterman Wise, S. S. Wise, William P. Witherow, J. S. Withrow, Nathan Witt, Laurence C. Witten, Benedict Wolf, World Fellowship, Inc., World Study Tours, and Thomas H. Wright.","Scope note for correspondence files. There has been no attempt to make an exhaustive list of the correspondents in each folder. Most letters were routine correspondence from people seeking information about the group; copies of their publications, speeches, and other educational materials; questions about membership in the group from interested individuals; requests for individuals to become sponsors, members or leaders in the group; leaders of other like-minded organizations; union leadership (often about the lack of funds available to support the American Association for Economic Freedom); or people wanting information about pertinent upcoming legislative bills. Attention on the lists of correspondence is focused particularly on political and public figures, editors, and the legislative and social issues of the day.","These include: American Committee for Protection of Foreign Born; American Council on Public Affairs; Atlantic Charter League; J.M. Artman, editor of \"The American Citizen\"; Representative Thomas R. Amlie; Thurman Arnold, Department of Justice (concerning Frank B. Kellogg statement about the anti-trust Sherman Act); and John B. Abel.","Correspondents include: Alfred L. Bernheim, The Labor Bureau; A.A. Berle banking proposal; Rabbi Barnett R. Brickner, Social Justice Commission; Kent Baker, editor of \"Sphere\" with article sent to him by Lauck, \"Industrial Reconstruction\" attached; David Burdett (conventional economics versus social economics); and G.P. Bronisch, Loyal Americans of German Descent","Correspondents and topics include: Lauck memorandum to Charles H. Chase, (in light of the prospect of a lengthy war and its impact on social and economic reform) informing him of his decision to drastically reduce expenditures by having only one employee to maintain the office (1942); \"Strife and the Worker\" proofs by John F. Cronin; Helen A. Cole, \"The Liberal Worker\"; W.S. Clement and his \"The Ben Franklin Plan\"; Ben V. Cohen, National Power Policy Committee; and the Council for Social Action, Ferry L. Platt, Jr. concerning farm issues.","Correspondents and topics include: Dr. Paul H. Douglas, University of Chicago; Hardy C. Dillard, Institute of Public Affairs, including a letter from John L. Newcomb; Frederic A. Delano, Chairman National Resources Advisory Committee; and a letter to John Dewey.","Correspondents and topics include: Arthur Eggleston, San Francisco Chronicle; Peter Edson, NEA Service; A.E. Edwards concerning the Wagner Labor Relations Act; J.G. Frain; and Charles Flato.","Correspondents and topics include: Alfred C. Gaunt, including \"Smaller Business Lifts Its Eyes\"; Toshi Go, Foreign Affairs Association of Japan; and A.E. Grassby, Winnipeg, Manitoba.","Correspondents and topics include:  Hubert Herring; Sidney Hillman; Fred S. Hall concerning the Industrial Expansion Act (multiple letters); B.W. Huebsch, The Viking Press,  and his concern over the pamphlet \"A New Social Order\"; S.L. Hoover and his question about the Keller Bill and the Association; John Edgar Hoover; and F.J. Hall, editor of \"The United States News\" about numbers of unemployed and other issues (multiple letters).","Correspondents and topics include: Meyer Jacobstein about the Reconstruction Act; and Paul Kellogg.","Correspondence includes: letters to Robert M. LaFollette, Jr.; League for Abundance: League for Industrial Democracy; Harold Loeb; and Dr. Jack Levin.","Correspondents and topics include: secretary of Attorney General Frank Murphy; Darwin J. Meserole, National Unemployment League; Francis P. Miller; Emily Fogg Mead; Homer L. Mead; Lewis E. Meyers; Judge Julian W. Mack; Bishop Francis J. McConnell; George F. Milton, editor \"The Chattanooga News\"; Senator James M. Mead; and letter to Archibald MacLeish, Librarian of Congress.","Correspondents and topics include: Bishop Francis J. McConnell; James W. Miller; Vito Marcantonio; Otto Mayer; Robert E. Mathews concerning the \"sit down strike\" by investment bankers and industrialists in May 1940; and Henry Morgenthau, Jr., letter to.","Correspondence includes: \"The New Republic\"; Douglas Newman, Secretary of the Barradas League; Dr. C.A. Norman; memorandum concerning Senator Norris' presidential qualifications; and Representative Mary T. Norton.","Correspondents and topics include: William Owen; Ernest Minor Patterson; Representative Claude Pepper; Justice Justine Wise Polier; and Jacob S. Potofsky.","Correspondents and topics include: Judge Samuel I. Rosenman; Representative Robert L. Ramsay; Right Reverend Msgr. John A. Ryan.","Correspondents and topics include: John Saxton; Guy Emery Shipler; Edwin S. Smith; William Simkin; B.M. Schnapper concerning the history of the Wagner Act; Ray Scott concerning the \"Fundamental Significance of our Present Day Labor Movement\"; and Porter Sargent.","Correspondents and topics include: Ordway Tead, Harper and Brothers; and Dr. Robert H. Tucker.","Correspondents and topics include: an appreciation of Frank P. Walsh upon his death on May 2, 1939; Matthew Woll, American Federation of Labor; Thomas H. Wright, New America; Harry F. Ward; and Nathan Witt; and N.A. Zonorich.","Includes leases, workman's compensation insurance, correspondence, and unemployment compensation.","These include: \"Policies and Objectives of the American Association of Economic Freedom,\" \"Shrinkages and Hoardings of Purchasing Power Accentuate Current Business Recession,\" \"Hoardings-Taxes Proposed to Stimulate Flow of Credit and Goods and Revival of Business,\" \"Approaches Toward a Concerted Program of Fundamental Economic Reconstruction in the United States,\" various drafts of suggestions for the programs, principles and objectives of the organization, \"Sugar Control,\" \"American Labor's Broadcast to Great Britain,\" \"American Economic Situation of 1937-1938,\" \"Unemployment Insurance,\" \"Industrial Espionage,\" \"Bank-Holding Companies,\" several on social service foundations, \"Economic Freedom in America,\" \"Industrial Reconstruction Act of 1939\" press release draft, \"Capitalism in Crisis,\" \"Prospective Labor Surpluses,\" \"Increased Man Hour Productivity and Technological Unemployment,\" monopoly, and \"Petroleum Quota Controls.\"","These include: participation in management, monopoly, the \"Industrial Reconstruction Act of 1939,\" \"Leaders on the No. 1 Problem,\" \"Federal Administrative Court Bill,\" \"Occupational Groupings,\" \"National Labor Relations Act and Board,\" \"Full Employment Bill,\" \"Senator Claude Pepper,\" \"Senator Lewis B. Schellenbach,\" and starting a American Association of Economic Freedom Bulletin.\"","These include: \"Threatened Crucial Developments,\" \"Anti-democratic philosophies,\" \"Churchill's anticipations, 1932-1939,\" \"Mussolini,\" \"Hitlerism and Nazism,\" \"Profits of Leading Corporations, 1936-1939,\" notes on People's Lobby Conference, and Ickes [speech] on business sabotage of defense.","These titles include: \"Can Unemployment be Ended?\"; \"Challenge to American Democracy\"; \"Civil Liberties and the National Labor Relations Board\"; \"Cure by Shock,\" \"Democracy and Economic Planning\"; \"Economic Reconstruction\"; \"Fundamental Significance of Our Present Day Labor Movement\"; \"Next Step in Democratization\"; \"A New Magna Carta\" \"A New Social Order\"; \"Preparedness for Peace,\"  \"Problems of the National Labor Relations Board.\"","The \"Post-War Reconstruction Bill\" is foldered separately.","Included are: \"Thirty Million Jobs\" by Arthur Dunn; Roundtable: \"Labor's role in Post-War Reconstruction\"; \"Freedom from Want\" by Mr. Walton; \"Nineteenth Century Prophecy of Order\" by Harry Frease; \"The Moral Issue\" by Lowell Mellett; \"A Banking System for Capital and Capital Credit\" by A.A. Berle, Jr.; \"Suggested Housing Program for National Defense Purposes\" by the Congress of Industrial Organizations; and \"A Primer of Current Economics\" [1933].","Included are: Fight for Freedom, Friends of Democracy, and the Gillette Resolution.","These include memoranda, news clippings, an article by George B. Galloway on \"The Imperative of Planning,\" replies, and a speech by W. Jett Lauck.","Includes separate folders on news clippings, some containing criticisms and investigations; problems of the board; and the testimony of John L. Lewis.","Clippings include Wendell Willkie, democracy versus absolutism, banker opinion, national debt, U.S. Attorney General, pump priming the economy, monopolies, religion and democracy, communism, and capitalism and democracy.","Included are: Peace Conditions; People's Congress for Democracy and Peace; Plenty for All League; People's Lobby; Pressure Groups, Attitudes of; Pension Plan – \"Uncle Fred's Automatic Pension Plan\"; Progressives, Conference of; Social Union; Tax-Exempt Bonds; Women in Trade Unions; and Young Democrats.","Topics include: Conferences; Corporation Notes and Memoranda; Kennedy Statement on General Motors Inquiry; Production Costs by T.C. Gordon Wagner; Ratio of Pay Rolls to Returns to Stockholder;Salaries of Officials; and Annual Reports to the Securities and Exchange Commission, 1935 and 1937.","Subjects include: Agreements; Decisions; the Willard E.Hotchkiss Decision in Tar Barrel Case; Negotiations for New Agreements; News clippings; Publications; Report of Homer Martin to the International Executive Board; and a Statement Submitted to Roosevelt by Union Representation.","According to Wikipedia, \"The Commission on Industrial Relations (also known as the Walsh Commission) was a commission created by the U.S. Congress on August 23, 1912 to scrutinize US labor law. The commission studied work conditions throughout the industrial United States between 1913 and 1915. The Chairman was Frank P. Walsh, a labor lawyer and activist from Kansas City, Missouri.","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commission_on_Industrial_Relations","These include: \"Foreign Competition After the War,\" \"The Artificial Dye Industry in the War,\" and \"Business and the War.\"","Includes: \"Secretary Kennedy Gives Union Views on How Hard-Coal Freight Rates Affect Miner\" (December 15, 1933); \"The N.R.A. and Collective Bargaining\" Catholic Welfare Council (September 17, 1934); address before the National Conference on Economic Security (November 14, 1934); and \"Organized Labor and the N.R.A.\" Catholic Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania (November 27, 1934).","Includes: Statement concerning the Wagner-Lewis Economic Security Bill before the Senate Committee on Finance (February 21, 1935); Commencement Address (June 3, 1935); \"Education and the Parochial School System\" (August 19, 1935); \"The Trade Union and Recovery\" (Labor Day, 1935); and \"Unemployment Insurance, Old Age Pensions, and Housing Legislation\" at the White House Conference on Economic Security (December 30, 1935).","Includes: Labor Day address (September 1937); article \"The United Mine Workers of America\" for the \"American Encyclopedia\" (December 2, 1938); address to the Pennsylvania Utilities Commission on the Competition of Natural Gas (April 1940); and a request for Lauck to send his analysis and recommendations concerning a letter from A.J. Altmeyer, Chairman of the Social Security Board, and two other enclosures pertaining to the Associated Gas and Electric Company, New York City (1942 March 27 and 1943 January 23).","Includes: a radio speech supporting Hoover in the election (1928); and a statement at the Hearing on a Code for the Bituminous Coal Mining Industry before the National Recovery Administration (1933 August 10).","Includes: \"Labor and the National Recovery Administration\" at the Meeting of the American Academy of Political Science, Philadelphia (1934 January 6); \"Labor's Part in Industrial Recovery\" at the San Francisco Commonwealth Club luncheon (1934 October 4); Speech for the International Labor Conference, not delivered (1934 October); and a radio address \"The Employee in the Changing World\" under the auspices of the Intercollegiate Council (1934 December 7).","Includes: Statement by Lewis before National Recovery Administration Hearings on Employment Provisions of Codes of Fair Competition (1935 January 30); \"The American Federation of Labor and the National Recovery Administration\" prepared for the \"Annals,\" Philadelphia but never delivered (1935 March 11-12); The United Mine Workers of America and the National Recovery Act\" Madison Square Gardens (1935 March-May 23); and Statement of Approval for the Wagner Housing Bill in the \"United Mine Workers Journal\" (1935 June 1).","Includes: \"The Case for Industrial Unionism\" (November 12, 1935); radio address \"The Future of Organized Labor\" (November 28, 1935); and article for \"Liberty Magazine\" on industrial unionism (1935 December 20).","Includes: a speech on Industrial Unionism before the Cleveland Auto Council (January 19, 1936); \"The Teacher and His Relation to Labor\" for the American Federation of Teachers Convention (June 19, 1936); a radio address \"Industrial Democracy in Steel\" (July 6, 1936); and an article \"Through Organization Industrial Democracy Dawns for Sleeping Car Porters\" celebrating the eleventh anniversary of the organization (July 15, 1936).","Includes: a political campaign statement about [Alf M.] Landon (August 1, [1936]); the draft of a Radio Address on Steel Organization (August 11, 1936); article \"Labor Looks at Education\" (August 17, 1936) appearing in the October 36 issue of \"The Teacher\"; article \"Towards Industrial Democracy\" (August 24, 1936) in appearing in the October 1936 issue of \"Current History\"; and two speeches supporting Franklin D. Roosevelt for President (August 18 and September 19, 1936).","Includes: radio address \"Labor and the Future\" (September 3, 1936); \"Horizontal Versus Vertical Unionism\" in \"Wharton School Magazine,\" University of Pennsylvania (September 8, 1936); an article for the \"The National Young Democrat\" on the Social Security Act (September 1936); and a radio address \"Roosevelt and the Future\" (October 18, 1936).","Includes: article \"The Next Four Years\" for the \"The Nation\" (November 4, 1936); an article \"Committee for Industrial Organization and Economic Recovery\" for the \"Business Review of New York  University\"(November 17, 1936); \"the Future of American Labor\" in \"The American Spectator\" (November 19, 1936); articles on \"The Next Four Years in Labor\" in \"The New Republic\" (November 25 and December 9, 1936); \"The Future of Wages\" for the \"Cleveland News\" Symposium (December 7, 1936); \"Organized Labor and the Student Union\" (December 23, 1936); \"The Need of the Hour for American Labor\" for the \"Progressive Salesman Magazine\" (December 24, 1936); radio address \"Adapting Union Methods to Current Changes- Industrial Unionism\" (December 31, 1936); and an unpublished article written for \"Redbook\" (1936).","Includes: \"The Meaning of Industrial Unionism\" for the \"Christian Front\" (January 13, 1937); \"The Struggle for Industrial Democracy\" for \"Common Sense\" (March 1937); an address delivered at an Anti-Nazi Mass Meeting in Madison Square Gardens (March 15, 1937); article \"The Origin and Objectives of the C.I.O.\"  for the \"San Francisco Chronicle\" (May 11, 1937); and a radio address \"Labor and Supreme Court\" (May 14, 1937).","Includes: \"Technology and Labor\" in \"Massachusetts Institute of Technology Engineering News\" (September 3, 1937); Labor Day address \"Labor and the Nation\" (September 3, 1937); \"Progress of Committee for Industrial Organization\" in the \"Wharton Review\" (October 21, 1937); \"Effect of Moderate and Gradual Wage Increases on Prices and Living Costs\" in \"The Annalist\" (November 12, 1937) a reply to an article by A.T. Shurick on July 30, 1937; and the [Steel Workers Organizing Committee] address \"The Deplorable and Indefensible Attitude of Big Business (December 13, 1937).","Includes: Address for British Broadcasting Corporation \"Struggle of Labor in America\" (March 15, 1938); \"Labor and the Law\" (April 14, 1938); \"Organized Labor and the Future of Democracy\" published in the \"St. Louis Post Dispatch\" (December 11, 1938).","Includes: Statement for Survey Associates (January 3, 1939); and \"Labor Looks South\" in \"Virginia Quarterly Review\" (Autumn 1939).","Includes: article on \"What Does Labor Want?\" (February 29, 1940); \"The Heritage of American Youth\" (March 1940); \"Obligations of American Citizenship\" (April 3, 1940); \"Foreword\" to Mr. Thomas' Testimony before the Temporary National Economic Committee (May 23, 1940); and a Labor Day Speech (August 29, 1940).","Includes: Extension of Library Service to Union for City and State Employees (May 28, 1941); Statement to be issued by Lewis on the Decision of the National Mediation Board on Union Shops (November 13, 1941); and \"The New Solid South\" (December 17, 1941).","Includes: Testimony of Mr. Steinbugler (March 2, 1935); the \"Most Impressive Point Developed by the Hearings\" (March 2, 1935); untitled Memorandum (July 30, 1936); \"Report on the Progress of the Hearing on the Coordination of Minimum Prices before the Bituminous Coal Division (September 16, 1939); \"Proposed Labor Policy for the War Period,\" various memoranda (September 11-November 13, 1939); an analysis of Professor Green's Proposal about pricing and distributing manufactured products (June 3, 1940); and Notes on the Last Ten Years (January-May, 1940).","Includes: Reply to A.T. Shurick suggestions on taxing (November 29, 1940); Response to the foreword of Walt Clyde's book on \"Owner Capitalism\" (December 4, 1940); suggestions about the National Economic Conference (December 12, 1940); Response to W.C. Graves, Jr. (December 23, 1940); Letter about the Raw Materials National Council (December 27, 1940); Memorandum on Fred G. Clark and the American Economic Foundation (February 20, 1941); H.S. Avery to Edward O'Neal and John L.Lewis on agriculture and farm prices (September 8, 1941); Conrad K. Grieb on need for social reconstruction (October 23, 1941); Letters from Alexander Spencer (October 30 and November 26, 1941); and a manuscript of Albert H. Levene (November 30, 1941).","Includes: Memorandum about Post War Depression (January 7, 1942); a response to S. Ferguson, President of the Hartford Electric Light Company about his proposals about deferred wages (January 13, 1942); W.A Hutton, M.D.  letter on post-war finances (January 14, 1942); Thomas Kennedy request for a study on the Cost of Living (January 16, 1942); Request for a response to the document by L.C. Christian on \"How Must We Finance the War?\" (February 3, 1942); a request for a response to a treatise on our financial system by August Walters (February 5-March 18, 1942); additional R.L. Greene communications (February 12,1942); and H.W. Bailey on labor self-determination (March 9, 1942).","Includes: Digest of the Salient Points of a Report on \"Manpower Policy and Labor Relations in the British Coal Industry\" (January 5, 1943); a Leo Chabert document on financing the war (April 4, 1943); and memoranda about an executive conference of the Natural Resources Board at Farmington Country Club, Charlottesville, Virginia, previously held around 1939.","Subjects include the National Recovery Administration, \"Amalgamation of the Two Enginemen's Brotherhoods,\" \"Russian Recognition and the New Deal,\" \"Future Policies of the National Recovery Administration,\" Six-Hour Day of the Railroads, \"Two Men on the Head End of all Railroad Trains,\" and Housing.","Subjects include \"Benefits of Trade Unionism,\" \"Forbes\" article, \"Limit on Weekly Work Hours,\" a letter to Professor Gordon, and \"Labor Movement and the Future of America\"","Subjects include planks for the Republican Platform, Anti-Strike Legislation, a Rejoinder to the Remarks of Fred Gurley, and \"Recommendations to the Board of Investigation and Research\"","A checklist of article titles can be found in the first folder. Titles in the order of the list   include: \"Economics and Christianity\"; \"The Mysterious Soul of the Steel Corporation\"; \"The Anthracite  Operators Should Concede the Check-off\" July 13, 1923; \"Industrial Principles and Not Machinery Are Important\"; \"The So-Called Check-off and Its Significance\"; \"The Report of the Coal Commission on the Anthracite Industry\"; \"The Purchasing Power of Wheat and Cotton\"; \"Private Cars and the Coal Problem\"; \"Mr. McAdoo's Political Availability\"; and \"No More Pre-war Standards of Wages and Working Conditions.\"","Next ten article titles include: \"The Radical - His Significance at Present\"; \"The Soft Coal Problem Again to the Front\"; \"Labor Banks and Their Ultimate Significance\"; \"Political Democracy Must be Supplemented by Industrial Democracy\"; \"Oil and the Southern Pacific\"; \"The Purchasing Power of the Farmer's Dollar\"; \"The Truth is Never Unpardonable\"; \"Private Cars and the Coal Problem\"; \"The Unique Financial Position of the Pullman Company\"; and \"Another Manifestation of the Soul of the Steel Corporation.\"","The next ten article titles include: \"Sugar and the Flexible Tariff Provision\"; \"Conflict or Arbitration\"; \"The Threatened Boomerang\"; \"Cooperation for Mutual Benefit or Profit?\"; \"Secret Police or Conviction for Crime\"; \"Chairman Butler Emits and Omits\"; National Cooperative Grain Marketing Realized\"; \"The Anthracite Operators Should Concede the Check-off\" (possible duplicate); \"Regulation of the Anthracite Monopoly\" September 1 , 1923; \"Why Not Action on Anthracite?\" September 11, 1923; and \"Can a Living Wage Be Paid to Unskilled Labor?\" October 30, 1923.","The next ten article titles include: \"The Failure of Industrial Arbitration\" October 30, 1923; \"Significant Labor Developments During the Coming Year\" October 30, 1923; \"A Dramatic Migration\" concerning African Americans, October 30, 1923; \"Unprotected Pullman Passengers\" October 30, 1923; \"The New Immigration and Its Significance\" November 2, 1923; \"The Probability of Railroad Legislation\" February 7, 1924; \"The Industrial Magna Carta\" February 23, 1924; \"Land Grants to Western Railroads\" February 23, 1924; \"Increased Efficiency of Labor\" February 23, 1924; and \"Real Industrial Statemanship February 25, 1924.\"","The next ten article titles include: \"Some Other Matters of Record\" June 2, 1924; \"The Verdict from Kansas\" August 7, 1924; \"A Real Test for the Tariff Commission\" August 14, 1924; \"A Billion and a Half Railroad Merger\" August 16, 1924; \"Common Sense\" August 19, 1924; \"President Gompers and a Labor Party\" August 19, 1924; \"A Significant Precedent in Financing Farmers Cooperative Enterprises\"; \"Back to the Declaration of Independence\" August 21, 1924; \"A Costly Labor Policy\" August 23, 1924; and \"Brass Tacks, The Red Flag, and the Constitution\" August 23, 1924.","The final group of articles include: \"Industrial Democracy - Our Greatest Problem\" August 27, 1924; \"The Passing of the Money Gods\"; \"The Conference Board Reports on Taxation in Wisconsin\"; \"The Railroad Labor Board\"; \"The Farmer and the Tariff\"; \"Visible and Invisible Tax Burdens\"; \"The Most Helpful Farm Movement\"; \"Radicals and God's Fools\"; \"Militant Friends Needed\"; \"The Unconscious Cruelty of Success\" October 24, 1924; and \"Another Orgy of Railroad Finance.\"","While some chapters have no individual date, they likely all come from drafts in 1931 or 1932. It is unclear which version belongs to each draft, and equally unclear which versions the explanatory note references. Chapter VII is largely missing. The name of the book may have eventually changed to \"The Need for a Unified Banking System.\"","W. Jett Lauck was chairman of the Pennsylvania Anthracite Coal Commission, responsible for investigating the state of the anthracite industry and the coal bootlegging situation in Pennsylvania, as well as recommending action.","The United States Anthracite Coal Commission is a different and separate entity than the Pennsylvania Anthracite Coal Commission over which Lauck presided (see also, \"United Mine Workers of America before the U.S. Anthracite Coal Commission\").","For reference, the Ad Interim Report was a report made halfway through the Commission's studies; the Final Report was the last official report of the Commission and contains recommendations; the Complete Report was a compendium of all of the Commission's work and reports (over 500 pages).","Reports include \"Anthracite Lands and Deposits,\" \"Anthracite Royalties,\" and \"Control of the Anthracite Industry.\"","Reports include \"Financial Operations of Anthracite Companies\" and \"Monopolistic Nature of the Anthracite Industry.\"","These include \"Award of the Anthracite Coal Strike Commission: Subsequent Agreements, and Resolutions of Board of Conciliation\" (July 1, 1936); \"A Labor Case With Merit: Editorial Comment on the Case of the Anthracite Mine Workers\" (1920); and \"Labor Information Bulletin,\" U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (February 1937).","Proposed Bills include the Anthracite Coal Industry Act; the Anthracite Public Authority Bill; the Cooperative Marketing Bill; the Pennsylvania Anthracite Commission; and Suggestions and Opinions.","Files included under Rates contain, the 1933 Freight Rate Case Excerpts and Statistics; Charts and Tables; General Information (see also Anthracite Institute Statistical Data, Maps, and Drawings, Anthracite Producers Statistical Data, Maps, and Drawings); the Interstate Commerce Commission Data; \"Intrastate Rates on Anthracite in Pennsylvania\"; and Rate Fixation in 1915.","Reports include: \"Combination in the Anthracite Industry,\" \"Comparison of Earnings and Wage Rates in the Anthracite and Bituminous Mines of Pennsylvania,\" \"Exhibits of the Anthracite Operators in Reply to Exhibits Presented by the Anthracite Mine Workers,\" \"Irregularity of Employment in the Anthracite Industry,\" \"Occupation Hazard of Anthracite Miners,\" \"Profits of Anthracite Operators,\" and \"The Relationship Between Rates of Pay and Earnings and the Cost of Living in the Anthracite Industry of Pennsylvania.\"","Reports include: \"Reply of the Anthracite Operators to the Demands of the Anthracite Mine Workers,\" \"The Sanction for a Living Wage: A Compilation of Data From Official and Authoritative Sources,\" \"Summary, Analysis, and Statement,\" \"The Trade Union as the Basis for Collective Bargaining: A Compilation of Sanctions and Experiences,\" \"Trade Unions,\" and \"Wholesale and Retail Prices of Anthracite Coal 1913-1920.\"","These exhibits include \"Changes in Cost of Living in the United States, 1913-1922,\" \"A Just and Reasonable Wage,\" and \"Monthly Earnings of Sectionmen.\"","The volume includes exhibits on \"Harmful Effects of Low Wages Upon Health and Morals,\" \"The So-called Law of Supply and Demand,\" \"The Just and Reasonable Wage,\" \"Changes in the Cost of Living in the United States, 1913-1922,\" \"Probable Course of Prices,\" \"Comparison of Prices and Living Costs,\" \"Monthly Earnings of Section Men,\" and \"Monthly Earnings of Section Men – Basic Tables.\"","Includes the following files: Briefs; Construction and Repair of Railroad Equipment; Correspondence on Leasing Out Repair Roads; Minutes of the Philadelphia Hearing; Petition to the Interstate Commerce Commission; Press - Clippings concerning Outside Repair; Press Release Originals; General Electric and Westinghouse; Labor Costs; Louisville to Nashville Railroad; and Miscellaneous.","W. Jett Lauck has also referred to this case as \"the Shopman's Case\" or the \"B.M. Jewell Case.\" Jewell was the President of the Railway Employees division of the American Federation of Labor.","Note that all exhibits were presented before the United States Railroad Labor Board.","Exhibit 11a includes the section \"Financial Mismanagement of the LeHigh Valley Railroad Company\" and Exhibit 12 includes the \"Summary.\"","Exhibit tTitles include: \"Occupation Hazard of Railway Shopmen\"; \"Punitive Overtime\"; \"Industrial Relation on Railroads prior to 1917\"; \"Standardization\"; \"The Recognition of Human Standards in Industry\"; \"The Unity of the American Railway Systems\"; \"Human Standards and Railroad Policy\"; \"Seniority Rules of the National Agreements\"; \"The Sanction of the Eight Hour Day\"; \"The Work of the Railway Carmen,\" and \"The Development of Collective Bargaining on a National Basis.\"","These include: \"Pending Railway Legislation\"; \"The Present Railroad Labor Problem\"; \"The Future Policy as to the Railroads\"; \"Compulsory Arbitration\"; \"Labor Adjustment Boards of the Railroad Administration\"; \"The Reasonableness of the Requests of Locomotive Firemen\"; \"Time and One-Half For Overtime\"; and \"Compulsory Arbitration.\"","The Sleeping Car Conductors Case files consist of several successive cases arranged in this finding aid roughly in the chronological order in which they occurred.","Exhibits include \"An Adequate Basic Wage,\" \"Earnings of Sleeping Car Conductors compared with Changes in the Cost of Living,\" \"Various Factors Indicating Rising Standards of Living in the United States Since 1914,\" \"Compensation of Sleeping Car Conductors compared with other Expenses and Revenue of the Pullman Company,\" and \"General Trend of Wages, 1913-1918, as Compared with Earnings of Sleeping Car Conductors.\"","Exhibits include \"Increased Productive Efficiency of Sleeping Car Conductors and Financial Administration of the Pullman Company,\" \"Increased Labor Productivity,\" and \"Standards of Wage Determination.\"","This file includes information and statistics on Besler Steam Power Trains; the Comparative Costs of Operation; Locomotives in Service; Diesels in Switching Service; Earnings Per Hour; Freight Cars; and General Statistics.","These charts include: \"Anthracite Combination,\" \"The Seven Departments of the Anthracite Industry,\" \"Interlocking Directorates Showing Working Control of Anthracite Operating Companies,\" and \"Profits of Anthracite Combination.\"","Charts include \"Affiliations of Railroads and Banking Houses,\" \"New York Bank Control of Railroads and Railroad Equipment Companies,\" \"New York Bank Control of Coal Mining Companies and Coal Railroads,\" and \"The Geographical Spread of New York Railroad Control.\"","Exhibits include \"Employment and Compensation of Railroad Employees\"; \"Cost of Living\"; \"Methods of Reporting Wage and Hour Data\"; and \"Increasing Output per Worker and Decreasing Wage Cost Per Unit of Output.\"","Exhibits include: \"Trend of Railway Operating Revenues and Total Compensation\"; \"The Rising Tide of Recovery A Survey of the Leading Business Indices\"; \"Labor Movement Supports Railway Workers in Resisting a Wage Cut\"; \"Squandering the Maintenance Dollar\"; \"Financial Mismanagement through Banker Control of Railroads\"; \"Training and Skill of Track and Roadway Section Men\"; \"Average Hourly Earnings in Railroads and Other Industries\"; and \"Estimated Money Share of Individual Railroads in the Proposed 15 Per Cent Pay Reduction.\"","Morgan's statements include those on wages; postwar economic conditions, developments, and private bankers' constructive services; and interference and control in corporate managements.","These include \"Cost of Living is Increasing,\" \"The Railroad Plea of Poverty,\" \"Labor Versus Materials and Interest,\" and \"The Railroads versus the Public Interest\" (printed).","Tables include \"Dividend Performance of Anthracite Railroads and Trunk Lines Compared,\" \"Percentage Relationships of Dividends Paid on Stock Dividends to Total Compensation Paid Employees,\" and \"Distribution of Capital Resources.\"","W. Jett Lauck was employed by the John G. Paton Company of New York City to study the report of the Tariff Commission of 1928 as to the costs of production in the maple sugar industry in the United States and in Canada. He then gave his conclusions on the report to the company and as testimony before the Tariff Commission itself.","There are excerpts from the following: the Tariff Commission Stenographer's Minutes (June 1927), Hearings before the House Committee on Ways and Means (January 1929), Hearings before the Senate Finance Committee (June 1929), Debates in the U.S. Senate (January 1930), Remarks of the Honorable Ernest W. Gibson (February 1930), the Roodenburg Report (November 1930), George H. Burr and Company Report (March 1931), R.G. Dun and Company Report (undated), Cary Maple Sugar Company Federal Income Tax Returns (1921-1930), and Cary Testimony (undated).","These include: Agricultural Adjustment Act and Amendment, House Resolution 9439, Orders from the President and National Recovery Administrator, Regulation 81, Regulation 82, and Secretary of Agriculture Regulations.","Files include the following folders: News clippings; Comparison of Lauck and Mahon Agreements; Final Agreement; General; Hanna Memorandum; Insurance; Saint Louis Public Service Company Union Plan for Cooperation; and Saint Louis Public Service Company Operating Notes.","Files include Pamphlets on Public Utilities, Press on Public Utilities, Press on Governor Roosevelt and Power Utilities, [Union?], and a Report addressed to Frank P. Walsh (1864-1939).","There were two hearings before the United States Tariff Commission related to an investigation into the costs of sugar production. After the January hearings (January 15-24, 1924), other briefs were filed. There was a call for another hearing to be held in March (March 27-28, 1924) after which it was decided that all parties had until April 10th  to file more briefs in connection with the hearings. W. Jett Lauck coordinated and prepared documents for many of the parties involved. He also served as a witness for the Hawaiian Sugar Planters Association.","Includes news about the Bituminous Coal Commission.","This includes the \"Report, Findings and Award of the United States Anthracite Coal Commission of 1920.\"","Files pertaining to Wages include: Wage Demands; Wage Rates of Employees Other Than Contract Miners; Wages, Earnings and Work Conditions in General; Wages in Various Industries 1914 to 1920; and Wages in Various Industries and Occupations: A Summary of Wage Movements 1914-1920.","Mass strikes in both the anthracite and bituminous coal industries in 1922 led to a standstill in production. When the miners and operators failed to reach any agreements, the government abandoned its hands-off approach and attempted to set up commissions to arbitrate the cases. After several failed attempts, both an Anthracite and Bituminous Coal Commission were established to not only arbitrate the current situation, but to investigate its origins in the general history and conditions of the coal industries. W. Jett Lauck was involved with the United Mine Workers of America in both cases to varying degrees. Material is separated into Anthracite and Bituminous, with common material labelled \"General.\"","Some dates are corroborated by list of case exhibits. Where corroboration is not possible, no date has been inferred. Classification as \"exhibit\" is applied based either on inclusion in a numbered list of exhibits or Lauck's handwritten filing directions.","Letters are presumably from W. Jett Lauck to the \"New York Times\" Managing Editor and to the President, regarding the establishment of an Arbitration Board.","These three memoranda are to Mr. Lewis, July 8, 1922; one concerning the production of the Central Competitive Field, April 27, 1922; and a third showing the financial connections of the Boston Financial Group and Secretary Mellon.","The two press releases include a letter to the President regarding Arbitration, July 15, 1922, and the UMWA Statement about Mr. Murray's Speech,  April 22, 1922.","Items include a \"Journal\" Communication sent to every member of Congress, 1922; a Letter to Officers and Members, May 25, 1922; and the UMWA Wage Scale Committee proposed wage scale, February 14, 1922.","The History of the Development of the Anthracite Coal Combination contains five sections: Section 1, Early History of Anthracite Consolidations and Combinations; Section 2, Consummation of the Anthracite Combination, 1896; Section 3, Methods by Which Railroads Have Discriminated in Favor of Their Allied Coal Companies and Favored Clients; Section 4, The Influence of the Combination Upon Freight Rates, Shipping Allotments, and Prices; and Section 5, Present Situation as Regards Ownership and Control.","The unnumbered exhibits include \"The Coal Controversy\" May 1922 and Geological Survey, Weekly Report on the Production of Bituminous Coal, Anthracite, and Beehive Coke, February 11, 1922.","These exhibits include: Exhibit 6: Seasonal Fluctuations in Production and Transportation, June 15, 1921; Exhibit 7: Production, Capacity, Men Employed, Mine Price Per Ton, and Days Lost, 1922, undated; Exhibit 12: Fluctuation in Employment and Earnings of Bituminous Mine Workers, undated; Exhibit 14: Effect of Price Changes Upon Purchasing Power, 1920; Exhibit 16: Chart Showing Production from Union and Non-Union Districts, March 16,  1922.","Memoranda include \"Complete Unionization Would be the Greatest Factor in Stabilization of Soft Coal Industry\" June 19, 1922, several other miscellaneous undated memoranda for Lewis, plus one on the Earnings of Bituminous Mine Workers for a \"Baltimore Sun\" Article, March 17, 1922.","Press Releases include: Capital Investment and Profit of Bituminous Coal Mine Operators, June 1, 1922; Letter From Ellis Searles to Secretary Hoover, February 8, 1922; Letter Submitting Explanatory and Statistical Material Supporting the Preliminary Report of the Commission on Investment and Profit in Soft Coal Mining, July 6, 1922; and Press Release: Russell Sage Foundation Report on \"The Coal Miners' Insecurity\" April 16, 1922.","Morrow's statements were made before the Committee on Labor, April 25, 1922 and before the Interstate Commerce Commission in the Hearing on Railroad Rates, Fares, and Charges, January 19, 1922.","Includes Memoranda and Opening Statement on behalf of Anthracite Mine Workers and Research Material and Data.","Statements concern the Request of Anthracite Operators for a Modification of the Wage Scale, before the Anthracite Board of Reference, George Rublee and Frank Morrison, Typescript and Print copies.","The reply concerns the request of Operators for modification of the Wage Scale, and was by John L. Lewis, etc. on behalf of the United Mine Workers, before the Anthracite Board of Reference, George Rublee and Frank Morrison, Proofs and Print copies.","The Anthracite Freight Rate Case files may be part of the previous group but were placed in a separate divider created by the office of Lauck.","Statistics include four categories: General; Anthracite Coal Carrying Railroads, Typed Originals and Carbons; Financial Performance of Coal Companies (clippings and other statistics),Earnings, and Profit; and Salaries of Operator officials, exceeding $10,000 per year.","Note: an assigned car is a rail car specifically designated for the use of a particular shipper, or, in the case of private cars, for the use of a particular railroad for a specific customer.","Lauck also referred to this as the Mahon Case, after President William D. Mahon.","File includes the Opinion of the Majority of the Arbitration Board, Dissenting Opinion, and a Report on a Proposed Pension Plan","These include: \"Discipline and Education of Locomotive Engineers and Firemen and Standardization of Wages\"; \"Progress Made in Electrification of Railroads and Economics Effected Thereby\"; \"The Railway Dollar, What Became of it in 1913\"; \"Revenue Gains by Representative Western Railroads Available to Compensate Locomotive Engineers and Firemen For Increased Work and Productive Efficiency, 1890-1913\"; The Rise and Fall of Mechanical Stokers\"; \"Miscellaneous Statements in Rebuttal to Exhibits Presented by the Railroads\"; \"Opposition of Railroads to Enactment of Federal Hours of Service Law and Efforts of Federal Government to Enforce Same.\"","All the years but 1933-1935 have an index in the front of the folder.","These \"diaries\" were used to keep a record of Lauck's activities on behalf of a number of organizations, arranged by date.","File includes Lauck's Civil Service record (1945) and National War Labor Board service (1918).","The 1911 blueprint \"General Plan\" of the property was prepared by Thomas Meehan and Sons, Mt. Airy, Philadelphia, Landscape Architects, for Francis T.A. Junkin, Lexington, Virginia. The \"Map of Mulberry Hill, Lexington, Virginia,\" 1926, with surrounding properties, was done by R.E. Witt, Certified Land Surveyor.For a typed description of the property by R.E. Witt and a note by W. Jett Lauck, see Box 224 Folder 4.","The Bureau of Applied Economics, Inc. was a \"private, independent, scientific organization, established in 1914 for the purpose of doing research and analytical work in the field of industrial, commercial, banking and general economic activities\" according to one of its brochures. It was located in Washington, D.C. \"where the governmental departments, commissions and other organzations with their specialists, archives and unrivaled library facilites render such research more effective and productive than any other city in America\" according to a page from an unknown directory. Hugh S. Hanna was the Director and W. Jett Lauck was listed as both the Chairman of the Advisory Board and the specialist for money and banking.","One of the chief functions of the Bureau of Applied Econonics was to create publications about importand current issues in the field of labor conditions and industrial relations. These were intended to be brief (50-75 pages) but authoritative and written by a specialist in the subject so that anyone interested in the subject could have access to the gist of all the information in one place and for a low cost. ","File includes Monthly Statements, Proofs of Notices, Subscribers and Sales.","File includes Correspondence, Papers, and Table of Contents.","Lauck taught a course on the History of the Labor Movement at the American University.","The Notes chiefly include Political Science, Sociology, Labor vs Capital, Economics, Constitutional Law, American Government, and Agriculture.","These College Notes are chiefly concerned with the Reciprocity Concept and the Chicago Conference with sections on Cuba and Hawaii; Distribution; Receiverships; Sociology and Tariffs; and Printed Material.","Much of this material is fragmentary or incomplete and it possibly has some material of W. Jett Lauck mixed in.","These photographs include the \"Funeral Procession of Stephen Horvath, McKees Rocks, Pennsylvania, August 14, 1909. Photographs are mostly unidentified and some do not include W. Jett Lauck.","These photographs are mostly unidentified and undated but does includes William Harmon Black and Major Miller Taylor. and his wife.","This file consists of seven oversize photographs, including a Staff Conference; the Immigration Commission, Washington D.C. (1907); three photographs of Lauck with the same two  unidentified men; W.D. Mahon; A.A. Mitten; Earl E. Houck; an unidentified man; and an unidentified hearing.","This folder includes four oversize photographs  of Public Code Hearings on Bituminous Coal Industry, 1933 August 9; Cigar Manufacturing Industry AAA Code Hearing, 1933 November 22;  Structural Steel and  Iron Fabricating Industry N.R.A. Hearing, 1933 October 30; and Anthracite Coal Industry, NRA Code Hearing, William H. Davis Deputy Administrator, Washington, D.C., 1933 November 17","Topics include Agriculture and Farms, Airlines and Aviation, Argentina, Atlantic Charter—Poland*, Atomic Energy and Weapons (see also, J—Japan), Australia, and the Automobile Industry.","Topics include Bank Fraud, Banking and Bankers, Baruch Report, Big Three, Bretton Woods Agreement—International Monetary Fund, British Elections 1945, British Labor Party, British Labor Reports and the Second World War and Budget.","Topics include Cartels, Chamber of Commerce, Canada, Capital/Capitalism, Charter [U.N.] (see also, S—San Francisco Conference), Chemical Warfare, Cherry Blossoms—Washington D.C., China, The Church (see also, Religion and Faith), Churchill, Winston (see also, People), Comintern, Communist Party, Congress, Cost of Living, and Cuba.","See also, Strikes, U—United Mine Workers.","Topics include Debt, Defense, Deflation, Democracy, Democratic Party, The Depression, Diplomacy, Disease, Driving [Winter], and Dumbarton Oaks Conference.","Topics include Economic Bill of Rights, Economic Development [Committee], Economic Policy (see also, B—Bretton Woods Agreement, Post-War Reconstruction), Economic Rights, Economy of War, Employment (see also, U—Unemployment), Electric Workers, Electricity, and Excess Capacity.","Topics include Farms, Fear, Flooding, Food [Costs] [Rations] [Shortages], Food as Weapon, Foreign Policy, Freedoms, France, Franco, and Full Employment America.","Topics include General Motors [Strike] (see also, Strikes), Germany, G.I. Bill, Gold Standard, Government in Business, Grain Marketing, Great Britain, Growth of Democracy, Hapsburgs, and Hatch-Burton-Ball Bill.","Topics include Industrial Divide, Industry, Inflation/Deflation, and Israel.","Japan [and the Atomic Bomb], Jefferson [And the Declaration of Independence], The Jewish People [in Nazi Germany], Jobs as a Property Right, and Kipling, Rudyard (see also, People).","Topics include Labor [and War], Latin America, League of Nations (see also, World Government), Legal Aid Societies, Lend-Lease, Liberalism, and the Lima Conference, Liquor Problem, and Living Wage.","Topics include Magna Carta, Massachusetts Academy, Meat Industry (see also, Strikes), Middle Class, Monetary Reform, Morale [Poor], and Moving Pictures.","Topics include National Association of Manufacturers, National Income, National Interest, \"New Era\" 31*, New York State Industrial Survey Commission 28*, New York Transit Strike, Office of Price Administration, and Oil.","Topics include Pacifists, Packing Houses, Thomas Paine,  Palestine, Pan-American Union, Patents, Peace, Pennsylvania Labor Act, Philanthropy, Poland, Political Minorities, Population [United States] 1940, Power, The Press, Price Controls, Prisoners of War, Production, Profit-Sharing, Profiteering, Public Service, and Pump-Priming the Economy.","For more clippings on people see also: C—Churchill, K—Kipling, P—Paine, R—Roosevelt, Rural Electrification Administration [Harry Slattery], S—Stalin, and T—Truman.","File contains topics such as: Post-War Deflation, Post-War Europe, and United States Labor, Industry, and the Economy.","Topics include: Race and Racial Strife, Radar, Railways and Railroads, Reciprocity – British Agreement, Reconstruction Finance Corporation, Reconversion [and Wages] (see also, Post-War Reconstruction), Re-employment (see also, Post-War Reconstruction), Republican Party, Republican Record, Right Wing Reaction, Roosevelt, Rural Electrification Administration [Harry Slattery], Russians who Fought for Germany in World War II.","Topics include: San Francisco Conference (see also, United Nations), Savings, Sherman Act, Social Security, Socialism, Socialized Medicine, South America, The South [and Politics], The South [and Poll Tax Ban], Southern Revolt, Soviet Union/Russia, Spain, St. Lawrence Seaway, Stalin, Subsidy, Sugar, Supreme Court, Packing the Supreme Court, and Syria.","See also, Coal, G-H—General Motors [Strike], M—Meat Industry, N-O—New York Transit Strike, Steel, and U—United Mine Workers.","Topics include: Tariff Bill, Taxes, Textiles, Third Political Party, Totalitarian States, Troops, Truman [Report], Trusteeships; Unemployment, (see also, E—Employment), Unions, United Kingdom [Britain], United Mine Workers (see also, Coal), Unity, National\nVirginia, and Virginia Budget Efficiency.","See also S—San Francisco Conference and World Government.","Topics include: Wage Central, Wages, Wagner Health Bill, Wall Street, War, War Aims, War and Capital, War Contracts Settlement, War Cost, War Crimes, War Labor Board, War Production Board, Work Week, World Bank, and World War II [Battles].","This file includes agendas, correspondence, reports, membership, and the tentative program.","Topics include: American Mining Congress Declaration of Policy, \tdisagreements over the NRA code, gasoline and coal, new processes, and the right to strike.","This file includes an \"Investigation of Paint Creek Coal Fields of West Virginia,\" \"The Truth about Coal River Collieries,\" \"West Virginia Coal Fields\" (Senator Kenyon), Colorado Coal Fields, and a List of West Virginia Coal Fields.","Includes Houde Engineering Company Memorandum submitted to the National Labor Relations Board, the Hunt Memorandum outlining the Study of Competing Fuels, Lauck's review of \"The Coal Industry\" by Glen L. Parker, the Keller Bill for the Mississippi Valley on the Relative Importance of Fuels, \"Oil-Coal Mixtures as Industrial Fuel\" by J.E. Hedrick, and the Coal Cost of Producing Electricity, by J. Leonard Matt in the \"New York Herald Tribune.\"","The Railroads Financial History material was used in preparation of exhibits for the Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen and Enginemen Case and updated for use in later cases involving railroads.","These news clippings include: British railway strike, credit, Thomas Dew Cuyler article on 1922 strike, Henry Ford's railroad, Gould System, Inadequacies of Railroad Management, Mergers, Nickle Plate Deal, Receiverships and Foreclosure Sales During 1920, and Railroad Retirement Act of 1937.","Publications include: Decisions, Dockets, Announcements, Lawsuits, Orders, and Reports.","Lauck was on staff as an economist and one of the stockholders for this enterprise. Some stationery has the name \"The Gallatin Institute of Applied Economics\" in the header.","Files include Memoranda from I.A. Rice to W. Jett Lauck, Recommendations, and Rent Law.","Includes a bill on the guaranty of bank deposits legislation and the Glass-Steagall Act (printed).","Banking files include Credit Facilities of the Country, Federal Reserve Board Legal Opinion on Bank Centralization (printed), News clippings, Reform, and the United Labor Bank and Trust Company Dissolution.","Includes files on British wage controversy and the coal industry during World War II, coal industry problems, and the British Coal Mines Act.","Cigar Manufacturing Code of Fair Competition files include Amendments proposed by Abraham Goldbloom and Jett Lauck, including Revisions made by Conference on October 20, 1933; Briefs and Statements (1933); Codes (1933-1934); and Profits and Statistical Data (circa 1929-1933).","These include: Table of Contents, Agents of Concentration and Railroads; Cotton Mills (director); Public Utilities (directors); Concentration of control of Financial and Industrial Resources; Public Utilities (securities), Public Utilities (affiliations), and Public Utilities (summary and tables).","These include: Summary of Banker Control in American Industry; Concentration of Financial Control of Industry; Concentration of Control of the Iron Ore Mining Industry; Report on Public Utilities; Concentration and Control of Money and Credit; Industrials (directors), Agents of Concentration, Coal (statistics), Iron and Steel Report (summary), Industrials (report), Railroads (statistics), Cotton Industry, Coal and Iron Mining; and Concentration of Control of Various Industries (iron, coal, water).","These files include the Bill by Colonel W.G. Williams (1946); an Inquiry by the Federal Power Commission Control (June 27, 1945); and the Memoranda of Colonel W.G. Williams, 1945-1946).","These files include: Miscellaneous, including charts - W. G. Williams (1945-1946); Gas and Oil Pipelines, including a proposed letter from Admiral Stuart to President John L. Lewis (October 16, 1944); and the United States Department of the Interior report of Investigations (July 1945).","Constitutional Amendment files include: Action by Organizations (1936-1937); Articles and News clippings (1935-1939); Bills, including those proposed by Benson, Costigan, Ford, Gray, Maas, and Marcantonio (1935-1937); Challenges to the Authority of the Supreme Court to Declare Legislative Acts Unconstitutional, Notes and Memoranda by W. Jett Lauck, Donald R. Richberg, Merle D. Vincent and Henry [Warrum] (1935-1936); and Correspondence and Memoranda about the New York and Washington, D.C. Meetings (1936).","Constitutional Amendment files include: Detroit Conference (1937); History and Comments (1936?); National Committee and Reports from Henry T. Hunt (1936); National Conference about (1936-1937); Recommendations and Suggestions made by President Roosevelt for a Bill to \"Pack the Supreme Court\" (1937); and Speeches by David J. Lewis and Daniel C. Roper (1935).","Material includes the labor and production costs of cotton, silk and wool goods before and after World War I.","Files include a Memorandum on Major Berry and Conference Plans (1935 November, undated); News (1936-1937); Press Releases (1936-1937); and Summaries and Reports (1936 June-July).","Memoranda topics include the Austrian state railways, the book \"Railroad Melons, Rates, and Wages\"; the suggestions of Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Vice-President Tatnall for railroad improvements; the Cincinnati Southern Railway; and Cooperatives.","These include speeches and statements of Governor Earle, Chief Justice Hughes, British House of Commons, Secretary of State Hull, Secretary Ickes, Robert H. Jackson, Governor Frank Murphy, Senator Norris, Secretary Frances Perkins, Burton K. Wheeler, and Wendell L. Wilkie.","This opinion was given by the General Counsel of the Federal Reserve Board.","These files include the first through third versions introduced in the 72nd Congress in 1932, S. 3215, S. 4115, and S. 4412.","These House bills include: H.R. 7250 (a bill creating national mortgage banks); H.R. 7620 (a bill to create Federal Home Loan Banks); H.R. 11340 (a bill to require national banking associations to furnish bonds to protect depositors against loss of deposits); H.R. 11422 (a bill to regulate the value of money, and for other purposes); and H.R. 12280 (an act to create Federal Home Loan Banks).","Includes an article by Lauck, \"America's New Immigrants\" and reviews of his book with Jeremiah Jenks, \"The Immigration Problem. A Study of American Immigration Conditions and Needs.\"","Includes a Memorandum from Lucius E. Wilson and Research concerning the cotton industry (1890-1912), economic consumption, 1890-1914,  prepared by Frances P. Valiant, centers of population (1914), prices (1914), tendencies in real wages (1900-1913), and wages and prices  (1912-1914)","The topics include: Agriculture; Anti-Strike Bill; Book Reviews; Bituminous Coal; Child Labor Law; Civil Service Employment, Reclassification and Retirement; Federal Employment; Federal Coal Commission; and Foreign Industry and Labor.","The topics Include: Health; Housing; Immigration; Industrial Accidents; Labor Mobility; Milk Bill; National Industrial Conference; New Jersey Chamber of Commerce; Public Health Service; Punitive Overtime; Racial Question, Commission on (\"Negro Wage Earners\"); Seaman's Act Revision in Merchant Marine Bill; Soldiers' Adjusted Compensation Legislation; Steamship Business Training; and United States Steel Corporation Pension Fund.","Two of these files focus on Employee Representation - Efficiency through Cooperation, and include \"A Report on Workers' Participation in Management\" with an appendix, by W. J. Lauck, March 1921.","Companies include: Bethlehem Steel Company, Endicott Johnson and Company, Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company, International Harvester Company, Midvale Steel and Ordnance Company, Standard Oil Company of New Jersey, and General.","Files include: Distribution of Output of Industry; Foreign Trade; General; Labor; Mass Production and Distribution; Production and Stock Market; and Prosperity.","Labor topics in these files include: Labor and Churches (1922-1937); Labor and Industrial Policy during World War I, Memoranda on (1917-1918); Labor Gazette Program (undated); General material (1914-1920); Labor in Great Britain (1918-1937); Labor Injunctions (1927-1932); Labor Insurance (1928); Labor Legislation and Politics (1928); Labor Organizations (1910-1929); Labor Policies (1928); and Labor Problems (1919).","Additional Unemployment topics include: Joint Committee on Unemployment; Press; Social Effects of Unemployment, Statistics; and the Wagner Bills.","Interstate Commerce Commission files include: Decision on Freight Rates in Anthracite Case; Five Per Cent Case; Hearing on Rates on Grain, etc.; Operating and Wage Statistics; and Petition concerning the \"Inefficiency of Railroad Employees.\"","Additional Interstate Commerce Commission files include: Rules on Locomotive Inspection; Rules of Practice; Rules governing Classification of Steam Railway Employees; and Seasonal Variation of Railway Operating Income.","Additional files include: Labor Conditions, including mining accidents; Manufacturers; and Monthly Production of Pig Iron in the United States.","Journeymen Stone Cutters of America files include: Affidavits and Letters on Indiana Situation; Agreements; Amalgamation (Knoxville Wage Scale); Arts and Crafts Industry - Mr. M. W. Mitchell; Bloomington and Bedford Names and Local Vote; Cast Stone Industry Code; Limestone Code; Limestone Code Statement for Hearings and Suggested Complaint to the National Labor Board; the Marble Manufacturing Code, President Mitchell; Press Releases and Miscellaneous; the Sandstone Code and Statement by M.W. Mitchell, President of the Journeymen Stone Cutters' Association of North America.","Additional Labor Costs files include: Bituminous Mine Workers; Book Paper Industry; Canned Salmon; Canned Vegetable Industry; Coal; Construction; Copper Production and Sale; Cotton Industry; Cotton, Silk, and Wood Goods Production Before and After World War I; and Fertilizer Industry.","Additional Labor Costs files include: Hide and Tanning Industries; Leather and Shoe Industries; Pig Iron; Railroads, including Eastern, Operating, Southern, and Western; Relation to Prices; Shoe Industry; Steel Production in the United States; Sugar Profiteering; Summary; Various Industries; and Women's Muslin Underwear Industry.","The Living Wage subtopics include: The Case for a Living Wage; Cost; Cost of Rearing Children; Department of Labor; Effects; Fair Labor Standards Act (Bills, Interpretations, Regulations, etc.); Farmers; and General Press (1 of 2 folders).","Living Wage subtopics include: General Press (2 of 2 folders); Harmful Effects of Low Wages; Lauck Statements; Miscellaneous; National War Labor Board; Practicability (2 folders); Request for a Ruling from the United States Railroad Labor Board on the Living Wage;  \"Sanction for a Living Wage\"? Quotation Verification Work for Lauck's book with that title; Statement of the National War Labor Conference; and an Undated Essay on \"The Just and Reasonable Wage.\"","These documents include the Charter, Constitution, General Plans of Work, Explanation and Comment, Outline of Organization and Scope of Work at the Outset, By-Laws, Suggestions and Notes on Separate Trust Fund, and an article \"Employee Ownership\" by Thomas E. Mitten.","Mitten Management topics include: Labor Cooperation in Australia; Organized Labor in New Orleans; Personal News clippings; Press; and Strikes in Philadelphia and Buffalo.","Literature includes the New York Advertising Club Plan, Memoranda and Principles, etc., which also includes articles by Fred Brenckman and Isador Teitelbaum.","Items include the Conscription of Property Senate Bill 1579 and Consumer Division of Defense, Labor, and Steel.","These files include a report of the Iron Ore Committee, a copy of the \"National Natural Resources Act,\" and the Report of the Planning Committee for Mineral Policy.","These bills include the Bill for Stabilization and Conservation of Natural Gas and Petroleum and the Cole Bill (H.R. 7372) Petroleum Conservation Act.","Files include General; a Brief; Mr. McGinn's Statement; General Producers Company, Mr. Taylor and John L. Lewis; and Sinclair Company - Maintenance of Retail Prices.","Apparently Lauck used his work with the Philadelphia Rapid Transit Company as a basis for his book, \"Political and Industrial Democracy, 1776-1926.\"","Includes files on the following companies: Baltimore and Ohio Railroad; Bank of Italy; Boston Consolidated Gas Company; Chicago Surface Lines; Colorado Fuel and Iron Company Plan; Columbia Conserve Company; Comparison of Fundamentals; Comparative Plans; Dennison Manufacturing Company; Dutchess Bleachery; Employee Representation and the Union (PRT); Employee Stock Ownership (PRT); Endicott-Johnson Company (PRT); Filene; Ford Motor Company; International Harvester Company; Investment Bankers and Cooperative Plans; Louisville Railway Company; Loyal Legion of Loggers and Lumbermen; and Milwaukee Electric Power and Light Company.","Includes files on the following companies: \tNash Tailoring Company; New Cooperative Plan; Packard Piano Company; Pennsylvania Railroad; Peoples Gaslight and Coke Company; Philadelphia Convention; Printz-Biederman Company; Southern Railway; Standard Oil Company; Summary with 1939 clipping; and Union Recognition Case.","Includes news clippings about the Electric Bond and Share Company, Power Authority of New York and others.","Includes a speech by Frank P. Walsh before the  Public Ownership League of America and a Research Bulletin on the Potomac Electric Power Company of Washington.","These files include ones for Analysis, Bradstreet's, Dun's, General, and Government Control of Prices.","Profiteering files include those on: Address of the President; Agricultural Supplies; Articles by W. Jett Lauck and others (2 folders); Banks; Memorandum to Judge W.H. Black; Building Material; Coal; and Copper.","Profiteering files include: Corporate Earnings and Government Revenues (3 folders); and Corporations, Profits of (3 folders).","Profiteering files include: Industries, various, (3 folders); Manly, Basil M. - Survey of American Industrial Conditions; Meat Packing; Metal Trades; Miscellaneous Industries; 1921; Petroleum; Post War Profits; and Press Statements (2 folders).","Profiteering files include: Railroads During and After the War (American); Railroad Equipment; Shoes and Clothing; Speeches in Congress; Steel;  Sugar; Summary; and War Contracts.","Includes the following filers: the Chicago Memorandum; Pending Work file; press release about the need for co-ordination of transportation facilities; press or news clippings; and railroad employee insurance.","Files include a draft of a letter to President Roosevelt and a memorandum on Russia from Lauck.","Russia or Soviet Union files include: \"The Red Trade Menace\"; Research by Dunlap; Social and Economic Conditions, chiefly clippings, including concessions, the cotton case, credit, political and propaganda (2 folders); and Trade Mission.","Files include: \"The Agricultural Situation in the United States\"; \"Labor Banking Movement in the United States, Analysis of\"; \"Membership of Labor Unions\"; and \"Report of the Negro in Industry\".","Files include: Proposal for Cotton Purchase from the United States (3 folders); \"Recent Shifts in Industry\"; \"Report of the Railroad Situation in the U.S.\"; Research – Miscellaneous; and Tariffs.","Files include: Anderson, Paul E. – Reports and Memoranda; Ballantine's Report [on Transportation by Waterway as Related to Competition with the Rail Carriers in the United States]; Commodity Studies, including livestock, potash, green coffee, grains, and rubber; Correspondence; and Department of Commerce Outline.","Files include: Digest of Hearings and Reports; Electric Generation Capacity, U.S.A.; Extent of Railway Operations; News clippings, including article from \"The New Republic\"; Notes and Outline; and Panama Canal Traffic effect upon Railroad Rates.","This file includes a Railway Labor Executives' Policy statement, statement of the Baltimore Association of Commerce, and a paper about the  \"Effect of the Proposed Great Lakes-Saint Lawrence Deep Waterway on the Coal Industry.\"","The file includes articles by Lester Velie (\"Lean Years for the Rails\"), Harold D. Kootz (\"The Railroad Crisis\"), and one about new types of equipment; a speech by Harry S. Truman on railroad financing; a memorandum about railroads serving the Great Lakes ports; and a memorandum to Robertson about the position of Western railroad presidents concerning the waterway prior to 1933-1934.","Reports include: \"Analysis of its effects upon railroad and coalmining industries\" by W. Jett Lauck; \"Coordination of Transportation Agencies\" [by W. Jett Lauck?]; Report of Railroad Coordinator's Freight Traffic Report, including freight rate increases and petroleum pipeline rates; and Report of the Railroad System, Beneficial Effects of project upon.","Files for this committee include: General (2 folders); Papers submitted by J.W. Garrow and White; the Report, both Typescript and Printed (2 folders); Uniform Manufacturers Association Statement; United States Chamber of Commerce Presentation; and Vouchers and Expenses submitted by W. Jett Lauck.","Files include Awards, Decisions, and Authorizations (printed) and Exhibits prepared for the Board by Lauck and associates.","Socialism files include; \"What it is and what it is not\" and History in the United States.","Files include: \"Compilation of the Social Security Laws\"; Correspondence with Barbara Nachtrieb Armstrong (Chief of Staff for Social Security Planning of the Committee on Economic Security; Correspondence with Pauling C. Gilbert; Directory of State Employment Security Officials; and Draft Bills for State Unemployment Compensation.","Files include: H.R. 4142 (Lewis Bill); H.R. 7260 (Social Security Act); Information Primer on the Committee on Economic Security; Inventory of Job Seekers Registered at Public Employment Offices; and League of Nations Staff Pension Fund.","Files include: Major Migratory Routes in the United States; Memoranda to Mr. Kennedy; National Women's Trade Union December Bulletin; Newspapers; and \"Old Age Insurance.\"","Files include: Pamphlets and Print Materials; Preliminary Report on Occupations of Job-Seekers in 43 States; \"The Problem of Insecurity\" (Committee on Economic Security); Radio Address of Frances Perkins, Secretary of Labor; and Recommendations of the Social Security Board Federal Advisory Council.","Files include: \"Social Security Act and War Manpower Commission\" and Social Security Board Federal Advisory Council Binder of Documents (2 folders).","Files include: Social Security Board Federal Advisory Council Meeting (June 1940); Social Security Board Federal Advisory Council Meeting (October 1942); \"Social Security in Defense and After\"; Statements on the Wagner-Lewis Economic Security Bill; Thrift and Security Foundation, Inc.; \"Two Special Reports on Social Legislation\" (Business Advisory Council); United Mine Workers of America Proposed Retirement Plan; and Vocational Training Program for National Defense.","Topics include: Mineral production, \"A Working Economic Plan for the South,\" Washington and Lee as a Southern institution, and the Southern Commercial Congress (all printed).","File includes memoranda to John L. Lewis and suggestions by Katharine Pollak, federal regulation and steel codes.","Topics include a file on Arbitrations, including Portland, Maine; Eastern Massachusetts Street Railway; Boston Elevated Railway Company; and Cumberland County Power and Light Company. Other railway topics include: District of Columbia; \"Low Fares\" article by Louis B. Wehle; the Mahon Case; and a Report by Delos F. Wilcox.","Files include: \"The Bridgemen's Magazine,\" Vol. XXXIII, Nos. 11 and 12; Conferences; H.R. 7596 (To License and Regulate Inter-State Coal Corporations); H.R. 12285 (Ellenbogen's Bill); H.R. 12499 (Wood's Steel Bill); Lauck Notes and Memoranda; and Lists of Materials Prepared in Connection with Iron Workers.","Files include: P.J. Morrin Exhibits I (a), II, and III-VIII; P.J. Morrin's Report as Labor Advisor to Chairman of the Labor Advisory Board and his Statement Before the National Recovery Administration; Possible Projects – Golden Gate Bridge, San Francisco, California and United States Courthouse, New York City; Statement of William P. McGinn to Deputy Administrator; and \"Summary and Objectives of Proposal for New National Recovery Act Legislation.\"","Files include: the Fair Tariff League; Press, including the French situation; and Wood Pulp, Woolens and Worsteds (2 folders).","Taxation files include: \"Conclusions and Constructive Suggestions as to Tax Revision\" by David B. Robertson; News clippings, Printed Material and Press Releases (2 folders); and Notes and Drafts.","Files include: copies of clippings at back of folder; Charts used by Isador Lubin in his Testimony; and Notes by W. Jett Lauck and associates.","Topics include: \"Dynamics of Transport\"; \"How Transport has Shaped the Pattern of National Development\"; \"Objectives of Public Policy\"; \"Problems of Interest Groups\"; \"Problems of National Defense\"; Problems of Rate Levels and Rate Relationships\"; \"Problems of Regulatory Policy\"; \"Problems of Transportation Policy – Review of Basic Issues and Alternative Solutions\"; \"Problems of Transport Coordination\"; \"What Lies Ahead in Transportation\"; and \"What the Transportation System Looks Like Today.\"","Files include information about the 1922, 1934, 1940 (2 folders), and 1946 Conventions.","Wage files include: American Federation of Labor; Articles, Bibliography on Wage Cutting and on a Saving Wage; Disease; Earnings in Ohio; \"A Fair and Reasonable Wage\"; and Minimum Wage (2 folders).","Wage files include: Productive Efficiency Theory; Productivity; Railroad; Rates; Real Wages; Regulation; Report on \"Wages and Hours of Labour in Canada\" and Report of Australian Royal Commission; Standard of Living; Various Industries (2 folders); Wage Adjustments; White Collar Workers; Women; and Works Project Administration.","Topics include: the wartime control of labor (France), War Labor Conference Report (February 25, 1918), \"Labor Policies and the War, War Profits Bill, war and labor, and war tax law.","Materials include: a pamphlet \"Negro Women in Industry in 15 States,\" and other printed material from the Department of Labor and the Women's Bureau.","Titles include: \"American Institute for Economic Research Monthly Bulletin\" (1944) and \"Automotive War Production\" (1945).","Titles include: \"Babson's Washington Reports\" (1938-1939); \"Bank of the Manhattan Company of New York (1946); and \"The Bulletin\" from the International Typographical Union (1945-1946).","Titles include: \"California Safety News\" (1919); \"Common Sense\" (1944); and \"Congressional Daily\" (1941, 1944-1946).","Titles include: \"Economic Notes\" (1939); and \"The Economic Outlook\" (1940, 1944).","Titles include: \"Foreign Commerce Weekly\" (1941) and \"Foreign Policy Bulletin\" (1943, 1946).","Titles include: \"Human Events\" (1947); \"International Post-War Service Statistical Bureau\" (1943); and \"International Statistical Bureau Foreign Letter\" (1943-1944).","Titles include: \"National Bureau of Economic Research\" (1933-1934); \"The National Grange\" (1932); \"People's Lobby Bulletin\" (1945); \"Private Newsletter\" (1934); and \"Propaganda Analysis\" (1939).","Titles include: \"Report of the Mexico City Bureau\" (1940); and \"The Southern Patriot\" (1945-1946).","Titles include: \"United Business Service\" (1941); United Construction Workers News (1946); \"Washington Review\" from Chamber of Commerce, U.S. (1940, 1943); and \"The Yardstick Catholic Tests of a New Social Order\" (1941-1942, 1944).","Includes booklets on \"Diplomatic List\" (1925); National Policy Committee booklet, \"Implications to the United States of a German Victory\" (1940); \"The Storm Washington D.C. January 27-28, 1922; \"The Story of the Globe\" (undated); andClifford Thorne (undated).","Includes: National Association Real Estate Boards (1924); National Monetary Association (1923, undated); \"National Transportation Institute Freight Rates and Prices, 1867-1923\" (1923); New Jersey Teacher Retirement and Pensions (1919); and New School for Social Research (1920).","Includes: Railroads (1944); Remedial Loan Societies (1928); and Remington Rand Inc. (1935).","Includes: Schools (1928-1929); Sperry Corporation (1936); Standard Oil Company (1922); and Standard Statistics Company (1925).","Includes: Virginia State Chamber of Commerce (1924-1930); and \"A Brief History of Taxation in Virginia,\" by Edgar Sydenstricker (1915).","Includes: Senator George D. Aiken (1941), Thurman Arnold on \"Labor Against Itself\" and Antitrust Law Enforcement (circa 1941, undated).","Includes Samuel Brodbelt with a letter to Lauck, February 1, 1940.","Includes: Charles H. Chase on Trade Credit Banking (1934); John Corbin on National Planning (1932).","Includes: Maurice R. Davie, \"What Shall We Do About Immigration? (1946); Eleanor Davis \"The Future of Personnel Administration in the US\" typescript (undated); Edward T. Devine, \"American Labor's Improved Status Since 1914\" (1928); and Wallace B. Donham, \"National Ideal and Internationalist Idols\" (1933).","Includes: Marriner S. Eccles (1939); Irving Fisher \"The Debt - Deflation Theory of Great Depressions\" (1933); and Harry Emerson Fosdick sermon \"A Christian Conscience about War\" (1925).","Includes: Walter Graves, Jr., an open letter concerning Hitler and the British Isles (1941); Senator Pat Harrison (1925); W.P. Harvey, articles on living wage, and capital and labor (undated); Leon Henderson on Use of Small Loans for Medical Expenses (1930), and Alice Hosteler article on Producer-Consumer Relations (undated).","Includes: Benjamin A. Javits, (1933-1934); Jefferson Institute, including an address by Daniel C. Roper (1934); George L. Knapp on Senator Edward P. Costigan of Colorado (undated); and Dr. Julius Klein, \"The Business Trend Since 1921\" (1927).","Includes: J.C. Laughlin, \"Demand and Prices,\" August 1932; William M. Leiserson, \"Labor Past as Key to Labor Future,\" February 10, 1944; Max Lerner, \"Revolution in Ideas,\" 1939; Alexander Levene, \"Modification of the Antitrust Laws and Purchasing Power\" (1932); and John L. Lewis \"Problems of Organized Labor\" (1936).","Includes samples of his articles with a biographical summary up to 1933.","Includes: William G. McAdoo, about William Jennings Bryan (1925); Leifer Magnusson, about the International Labor Organization and the American Federation of Labor (undated); Maury Maverick on \"How Solid is the South?\"(1943); Claudius T. Murchison, \"A Great Deal, Some of It New\" (1934); Reinhold Niebuhr, \"Jerome Frank's Way Out\" (undated); Edwin G. Nourse, \"The Nature and Future of Private Enterprise\" (1941); Frances Perkins, speech press release, 1936; Gifford Pinchot, \"Wages, Margins and Anthracite Prices\" and \"Business and Government in the Economic Crisis,\" (1923-1931).","Includes: Jackson H. Ralston \"Superficiality of International Law,\" 1922; Donald R. Richberg and his Labor Plan (1944); John D. Rockefeller, Jr., \"Considerations Concerning Labor Standards,\" 1922; Daniel C. Roper, \"Regimentation and Recovery\" and \"Trade and Commerce in Perspective,\"1934; and Dr. John A. Ryan, \"Organized Labor Today\" (1926).","Includes: Alexander Sachs on Problems of National Recovery (1937); David J. Saposs, \"Current Anti-Labor Activities\" (1938 April 11); Louis G. Silverberg \"Law and Order: Social Menace\" (1938); Upton Sinclair, \"An open Letter to the President\" (undated); Isidor Teitilbaum (undated); and Lawrence Todd (August 1933).","Includes: Henry A. Wallace, speeches (1937-1942); Sidney Webb \"Four Weeks in England\" (1919); Carl I. Wheat, California Railroad Commission, (1927); William Allen White, \"A Yip From the Doghouse\" (1937); Honorable Roy O. Woodruff \"War Frauds\" speech, 1922; and Owen D. Young speeches (1930-1932).","Includes \"Economic Planning\" (undated); \"When President's Play Politics\" (1938); and fiction pieces written for magazines like \"Ken\" (undated)."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNote: Diaries on microfilm M-1239-1241; Use of original diaries restricted due to fragile condition.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Note: Diaries on microfilm M-1239-1241; Use of original diaries restricted due to fragile condition."],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Lauck, W. Jett (Lauck, William Jett), 1879-1949"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"persname_ssim":["Lauck, W. Jett (Lauck, William Jett), 1879-1949"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3325,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:56:56.558Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_724_c06_c01_c09"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_731","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Ashcraft Family Genealogy","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_731#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Ashcraft Family","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_731#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Genealogy of the Ashcraft family for the period ca. 1732-1972. Covers line of descent through John Ashcraft and Elizabeth (Evans) Ashcraft. Compiled by Mrs. Harlan J. Ashcraft.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_731#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_731","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_731","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_731","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_731","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_731.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/195222","title_ssm":["Ashcraft Family Genealogy"],"title_tesim":["Ashcraft Family Genealogy"],"unitdate_ssm":["ca. 1732-1972"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1732-1972"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 2594","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/731"],"text":["A\u0026M 2594","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/731","Ashcraft Family Genealogy","No special access restriction applies.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Genealogy of the Ashcraft family for the period ca. 1732-1972. Covers line of descent through John Ashcraft and Elizabeth (Evans) Ashcraft. Compiled by Mrs. Harlan J. Ashcraft.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Ashcraft Family","Ashcraft family - Genealogy","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 2594","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/731"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ashcraft Family Genealogy"],"collection_title_tesim":["Ashcraft Family Genealogy"],"collection_ssim":["Ashcraft Family Genealogy"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creator_ssm":["Ashcraft Family"],"creator_ssim":["Ashcraft Family"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Ashcraft Family"],"creators_ssim":["Ashcraft Family"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0 Linear Feet Summary: 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0 Linear Feet Summary: 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Ashcraft Family Genealogy, A\u0026amp;M 2594, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Ashcraft Family Genealogy, A\u0026M 2594, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_b05d208c145fb950349f554dcd0f0d48\"\u003eGenealogy of the Ashcraft family for the period ca. 1732-1972. Covers line of descent through John Ashcraft and Elizabeth (Evans) Ashcraft. Compiled by Mrs. Harlan J. Ashcraft.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Genealogy of the Ashcraft family for the period ca. 1732-1972. Covers line of descent through John Ashcraft and Elizabeth (Evans) Ashcraft. Compiled by Mrs. Harlan J. Ashcraft."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_854327687179096e86bda59992133330\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Ashcraft Family","Ashcraft family - Genealogy"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Ashcraft family - Genealogy"],"famname_ssim":["Ashcraft Family","Ashcraft family - Genealogy"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:43:31.513Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_731","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_731","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_731","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_731","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_731.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/195222","title_ssm":["Ashcraft Family Genealogy"],"title_tesim":["Ashcraft Family Genealogy"],"unitdate_ssm":["ca. 1732-1972"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1732-1972"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 2594","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/731"],"text":["A\u0026M 2594","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/731","Ashcraft Family Genealogy","No special access restriction applies.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Genealogy of the Ashcraft family for the period ca. 1732-1972. Covers line of descent through John Ashcraft and Elizabeth (Evans) Ashcraft. Compiled by Mrs. Harlan J. Ashcraft.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Ashcraft Family","Ashcraft family - Genealogy","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 2594","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/731"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ashcraft Family Genealogy"],"collection_title_tesim":["Ashcraft Family Genealogy"],"collection_ssim":["Ashcraft Family Genealogy"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creator_ssm":["Ashcraft Family"],"creator_ssim":["Ashcraft Family"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Ashcraft Family"],"creators_ssim":["Ashcraft Family"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0 Linear Feet Summary: 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0 Linear Feet Summary: 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Ashcraft Family Genealogy, A\u0026amp;M 2594, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Ashcraft Family Genealogy, A\u0026M 2594, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_b05d208c145fb950349f554dcd0f0d48\"\u003eGenealogy of the Ashcraft family for the period ca. 1732-1972. Covers line of descent through John Ashcraft and Elizabeth (Evans) Ashcraft. Compiled by Mrs. Harlan J. Ashcraft.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Genealogy of the Ashcraft family for the period ca. 1732-1972. Covers line of descent through John Ashcraft and Elizabeth (Evans) Ashcraft. Compiled by Mrs. Harlan J. Ashcraft."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_854327687179096e86bda59992133330\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Ashcraft Family","Ashcraft family - Genealogy"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Ashcraft family - Genealogy"],"famname_ssim":["Ashcraft Family","Ashcraft family - Genealogy"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:43:31.513Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_731"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1216","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, Montgomery County Branch Papers","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1216#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities (APVA) (1889-2009)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1216#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The records largely document the recent history of Smithfield Plantation, ancestral home of the Preston family, focusing particularly on its restoration beginning in 1962. While much of the renovation occurred in the 1960s, many of the records detail other renovation projects done in the 1970s and 1980s. The collection also includes historical and other related documents dating from before the original Preston family's residence at Smithfield.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1216#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1216","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1216","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1216","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1216","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1216.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, Montgomery County Branch Papers","title_ssm":["Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, Montgomery County Branch Papers"],"title_tesim":["Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, Montgomery County Branch Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1754-1996","1958-1983"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1958-1983"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1754-1996"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1962.001"],"text":["Ms.1962.001","Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, Montgomery County Branch Papers","Blacksburg (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","Women -- History","The collection is open to research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","The collection is arranged into eight series. Wherever possible, materials are arranged chronologically within each series.","Series I: Correspondence ","Series II: Publications","Series III: Smithfield Plantation Renovation","Series IV: Renovations of other Smithfield Plantation Buildings","Series V: AVPA General Files","Series VI: Historical Documents","Series VII: Miscellaneous Documents","Series VIII: Oversize Documents","Founded in 1889, the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities (APVA) has twenty branches which own and maintain historic properties. In November 1958 the APVA authorized the organization of the Montgomery County branch for the specific purpose of acquiring and restoring Smithfield Plantation, the historic home near Blacksburg in Montgomery County, Virginia, built by William Preston in 1773. In 1959 Mrs. Janie Preston Brockenbrough Lamb, a descendant of Preston, donated Smithfield and 4.5 acres of land to the APVA. Restoration of the building was begun in 1962 when the APVA's Montgomery County Branch raised the funds for renovation and contracted with architects and contractors. Since its foundation, and in more recent years, the organization has had some changes, including the dissolution of branches and the combination of the Montgomery County Branch with the Smithfield Preston Foundation. In 2009, the name was changed to Preservation Virgina. ","Smithfield Plantation is the historic home of the Preston family, one of the founding families of Blacksburg and Montgomery County, Virginia. It was built by William Preston (1729-1783), who emigrated from northern Ireland with his family in 1737. He married Susanna Smith in 1761 and settled at Greenfield in Botetourt County in 1769. Preston established himself as a leader in the Virginia frontier by serving in the militia in the French and Indian and Revolutionary wars, in the House of Burgesses representing Augusta County from 1766 to 1768 and Botetourt County in 1769, and as County Lieutenant of Fincastle and Montgomery. He was appointed surveyor of Fincastle County in 1772 and moved his family to that area. He built Smithfield, named in honor of his wife, in 1773. Smithfield was the birthplace and home of three Virginia governors, including James Patton Preston (son of William), and John Buchanan Floyd and John Floyd, Jr. (grandsons of William).","George Green Shackelford, a professor of history from 1954 to 1986 (now Emeritus) at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, or Virginia Tech, which is adjacent to the Smithfield property, spearheaded the restoration by forming the Montgomery County branch and adopting the project of preserving and restoring the Smithfield residence.","The APVA changed their name to Preservation Virginia in 2009. However, since the mateirals in this collection were created under the previous name, we have retained that for the collection title. Both names have been added to the corporate names associated with this collection.","The guide to the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, Montgomery County Branch Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Processing was completed in September 1996, after initial processing in the 1980s. Additional description was completed in October 2009.","Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives houses a number of other collections containing information on the Preston family and Smithfield Plantation:","John Preston Deed, Ms2005-014","John Preston Papers, Ms1994-034","Preston Family (Alice Preston Moore Collection) Papers, Ms1962-004","Preston Family (Charles Peale Didier Collection) Papers, Ms1985-020","Robert Taylor Preston Papers, Ms1992-003","William Preston Land Grant, Ms1994-027","George Green Shackelford Papers, Ms1983-008","The records largely document the recent history of Smithfield Plantation, ancestral home of the Preston family, focusing particularly on its restoration beginning in 1962. While much of the renovation occurred in the 1960s, many of the records detail other renovation projects done in the 1970s and 1980s. ","The collection is organized into seven series: Series I: Correspondence(largely from and to George Shackelford); Series II: Publications, including APVA and Montgomery County branch newsletters and APVA Discovery magazines; Series III: Smithfield Plantation Renovation, including appraisals, reports, and receipts; Series IV: Renovations of other Smithfield Plantation Buildings, including information about the renovations of other structures on the Smithfield property, (the cook's cabin, the miller's log house, and the smokehouse); Series V: AVPA General Files, including meeting minutes, financial reports, and building committee reports; Series VI: Historical Documents from dating from the original Preston family's residence at Smithfield (materials include manuscript account books (1754-1763) of William Preston while residing at Greenfield, manuscript pages detailing work done by a wheelright (1845-1850); and genealogical information about the Preston family); and Series VII: Miscellaneous Documents, which includes materials relating to historic Montgomery County and the Smithfield Plantation. The collection also contains Series VIII: Oversize Documents, containing blueprints and architectural drawings.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The records largely document the recent history of Smithfield Plantation, ancestral home of the Preston family, focusing particularly on its restoration beginning in 1962. While much of the renovation occurred in the 1960s, many of the records detail other renovation projects done in the 1970s and 1980s. The collection also includes historical and other related documents dating from before the original Preston family's residence at Smithfield.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities (APVA) (1889-2009)","Preservation Virginia (2009-)","Smithfield Plantation House (Blacksburg, Va.)","Preston family (Montgomery County, Va.)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1962.001"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, Montgomery County Branch Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, Montgomery County Branch Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, Montgomery County Branch Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities (APVA) (1889-2009)","Preservation Virginia (2009-)"],"creator_ssim":["Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities (APVA) (1889-2009)","Preservation Virginia (2009-)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities (APVA) (1889-2009)","Preservation Virginia (2009-)"],"creators_ssim":["Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities (APVA) (1889-2009)","Preservation Virginia (2009-)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, Montgomery County Branch Papers were donated to Special Collections and University Archives in multiple accruals between 1962 and 1996."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["ca. 9 Cubic Feet 13 boxes; 7 oversize folders; 1 oversize roll"],"extent_tesim":["ca. 9 Cubic Feet 13 boxes; 7 oversize folders; 1 oversize roll"],"date_range_isim":[1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/335\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into eight series. Wherever possible, materials are arranged chronologically within each series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Correspondence \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Publications\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III: Smithfield Plantation Renovation\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV: Renovations of other Smithfield Plantation Buildings\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries V: AVPA General Files\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI: Historical Documents\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII: Miscellaneous Documents\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII: Oversize Documents\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into eight series. Wherever possible, materials are arranged chronologically within each series.","Series I: Correspondence ","Series II: Publications","Series III: Smithfield Plantation Renovation","Series IV: Renovations of other Smithfield Plantation Buildings","Series V: AVPA General Files","Series VI: Historical Documents","Series VII: Miscellaneous Documents","Series VIII: Oversize Documents"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFounded in 1889, the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities (APVA) has twenty branches which own and maintain historic properties. In November 1958 the APVA authorized the organization of the Montgomery County branch for the specific purpose of acquiring and restoring Smithfield Plantation, the historic home near Blacksburg in Montgomery County, Virginia, built by William Preston in 1773. In 1959 Mrs. Janie Preston Brockenbrough Lamb, a descendant of Preston, donated Smithfield and 4.5 acres of land to the APVA. Restoration of the building was begun in 1962 when the APVA's Montgomery County Branch raised the funds for renovation and contracted with architects and contractors. Since its foundation, and in more recent years, the organization has had some changes, including the dissolution of branches and the combination of the Montgomery County Branch with the Smithfield Preston Foundation. In 2009, the name was changed to Preservation Virgina. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSmithfield Plantation is the historic home of the Preston family, one of the founding families of Blacksburg and Montgomery County, Virginia. It was built by William Preston (1729-1783), who emigrated from northern Ireland with his family in 1737. He married Susanna Smith in 1761 and settled at Greenfield in Botetourt County in 1769. Preston established himself as a leader in the Virginia frontier by serving in the militia in the French and Indian and Revolutionary wars, in the House of Burgesses representing Augusta County from 1766 to 1768 and Botetourt County in 1769, and as County Lieutenant of Fincastle and Montgomery. He was appointed surveyor of Fincastle County in 1772 and moved his family to that area. He built Smithfield, named in honor of his wife, in 1773. Smithfield was the birthplace and home of three Virginia governors, including James Patton Preston (son of William), and John Buchanan Floyd and John Floyd, Jr. (grandsons of William).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeorge Green Shackelford, a professor of history from 1954 to 1986 (now Emeritus) at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, or Virginia Tech, which is adjacent to the Smithfield property, spearheaded the restoration by forming the Montgomery County branch and adopting the project of preserving and restoring the Smithfield residence.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe APVA changed their name to Preservation Virginia in 2009. However, since the mateirals in this collection were created under the previous name, we have retained that for the collection title. Both names have been added to the corporate names associated with this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["Founded in 1889, the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities (APVA) has twenty branches which own and maintain historic properties. In November 1958 the APVA authorized the organization of the Montgomery County branch for the specific purpose of acquiring and restoring Smithfield Plantation, the historic home near Blacksburg in Montgomery County, Virginia, built by William Preston in 1773. In 1959 Mrs. Janie Preston Brockenbrough Lamb, a descendant of Preston, donated Smithfield and 4.5 acres of land to the APVA. Restoration of the building was begun in 1962 when the APVA's Montgomery County Branch raised the funds for renovation and contracted with architects and contractors. Since its foundation, and in more recent years, the organization has had some changes, including the dissolution of branches and the combination of the Montgomery County Branch with the Smithfield Preston Foundation. In 2009, the name was changed to Preservation Virgina. ","Smithfield Plantation is the historic home of the Preston family, one of the founding families of Blacksburg and Montgomery County, Virginia. It was built by William Preston (1729-1783), who emigrated from northern Ireland with his family in 1737. He married Susanna Smith in 1761 and settled at Greenfield in Botetourt County in 1769. Preston established himself as a leader in the Virginia frontier by serving in the militia in the French and Indian and Revolutionary wars, in the House of Burgesses representing Augusta County from 1766 to 1768 and Botetourt County in 1769, and as County Lieutenant of Fincastle and Montgomery. He was appointed surveyor of Fincastle County in 1772 and moved his family to that area. He built Smithfield, named in honor of his wife, in 1773. Smithfield was the birthplace and home of three Virginia governors, including James Patton Preston (son of William), and John Buchanan Floyd and John Floyd, Jr. (grandsons of William).","George Green Shackelford, a professor of history from 1954 to 1986 (now Emeritus) at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, or Virginia Tech, which is adjacent to the Smithfield property, spearheaded the restoration by forming the Montgomery County branch and adopting the project of preserving and restoring the Smithfield residence.","The APVA changed their name to Preservation Virginia in 2009. However, since the mateirals in this collection were created under the previous name, we have retained that for the collection title. Both names have been added to the corporate names associated with this collection."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, Montgomery County Branch Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, Montgomery County Branch Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, Montgomery County Branch Papers, Ms1962-001, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, Montgomery County Branch Papers, Ms1962-001, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing was completed in September 1996, after initial processing in the 1980s. Additional description was completed in October 2009.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing was completed in September 1996, after initial processing in the 1980s. Additional description was completed in October 2009."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVirginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives houses a number of other collections containing information on the Preston family and Smithfield Plantation:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/2286.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eJohn Preston Deed, Ms2005-014\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/1986.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eJohn Preston Papers, Ms1994-034\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/1219.oai_ead.xml\"\u003ePreston Family (Alice Preston Moore Collection) Papers, Ms1962-004\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/1425.oai_ead.xml\"\u003ePreston Family (Charles Peale Didier Collection) Papers, Ms1985-020\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/1884.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eRobert Taylor Preston Papers, Ms1992-003\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/1979.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eWilliam Preston Land Grant, Ms1994-027\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/1388.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eGeorge Green Shackelford Papers, Ms1983-008\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives houses a number of other collections containing information on the Preston family and Smithfield Plantation:","John Preston Deed, Ms2005-014","John Preston Papers, Ms1994-034","Preston Family (Alice Preston Moore Collection) Papers, Ms1962-004","Preston Family (Charles Peale Didier Collection) Papers, Ms1985-020","Robert Taylor Preston Papers, Ms1992-003","William Preston Land Grant, Ms1994-027","George Green Shackelford Papers, Ms1983-008"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe records largely document the recent history of Smithfield Plantation, ancestral home of the Preston family, focusing particularly on its restoration beginning in 1962. While much of the renovation occurred in the 1960s, many of the records detail other renovation projects done in the 1970s and 1980s. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into seven series: Series I: Correspondence(largely from and to George Shackelford); Series II: Publications, including APVA and Montgomery County branch newsletters and APVA Discovery magazines; Series III: Smithfield Plantation Renovation, including appraisals, reports, and receipts; Series IV: Renovations of other Smithfield Plantation Buildings, including information about the renovations of other structures on the Smithfield property, (the cook's cabin, the miller's log house, and the smokehouse); Series V: AVPA General Files, including meeting minutes, financial reports, and building committee reports; Series VI: Historical Documents from dating from the original Preston family's residence at Smithfield (materials include manuscript account books (1754-1763) of William Preston while residing at Greenfield, manuscript pages detailing work done by a wheelright (1845-1850); and genealogical information about the Preston family); and Series VII: Miscellaneous Documents, which includes materials relating to historic Montgomery County and the Smithfield Plantation. The collection also contains Series VIII: Oversize Documents, containing blueprints and architectural drawings.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The records largely document the recent history of Smithfield Plantation, ancestral home of the Preston family, focusing particularly on its restoration beginning in 1962. While much of the renovation occurred in the 1960s, many of the records detail other renovation projects done in the 1970s and 1980s. ","The collection is organized into seven series: Series I: Correspondence(largely from and to George Shackelford); Series II: Publications, including APVA and Montgomery County branch newsletters and APVA Discovery magazines; Series III: Smithfield Plantation Renovation, including appraisals, reports, and receipts; Series IV: Renovations of other Smithfield Plantation Buildings, including information about the renovations of other structures on the Smithfield property, (the cook's cabin, the miller's log house, and the smokehouse); Series V: AVPA General Files, including meeting minutes, financial reports, and building committee reports; Series VI: Historical Documents from dating from the original Preston family's residence at Smithfield (materials include manuscript account books (1754-1763) of William Preston while residing at Greenfield, manuscript pages detailing work done by a wheelright (1845-1850); and genealogical information about the Preston family); and Series VII: Miscellaneous Documents, which includes materials relating to historic Montgomery County and the Smithfield Plantation. The collection also contains Series VIII: Oversize Documents, containing blueprints and architectural drawings."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_99892500d53aacc16f6cb32c28f38312\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe records largely document the recent history of Smithfield Plantation, ancestral home of the Preston family, focusing particularly on its restoration beginning in 1962. While much of the renovation occurred in the 1960s, many of the records detail other renovation projects done in the 1970s and 1980s. The collection also includes historical and other related documents dating from before the original Preston family's residence at Smithfield.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The records largely document the recent history of Smithfield Plantation, ancestral home of the Preston family, focusing particularly on its restoration beginning in 1962. While much of the renovation occurred in the 1960s, many of the records detail other renovation projects done in the 1970s and 1980s. The collection also includes historical and other related documents dating from before the original Preston family's residence at Smithfield."],"names_coll_ssim":["Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities (APVA) (1889-2009)","Smithfield Plantation House (Blacksburg, Va.)","Preston family (Montgomery County, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities (APVA) (1889-2009)","Preservation Virginia (2009-)","Smithfield Plantation House (Blacksburg, Va.)","Preston family (Montgomery County, Va.)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities (APVA) (1889-2009)","Preservation Virginia (2009-)","Smithfield Plantation House (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"famname_ssim":["Preston family (Montgomery County, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":174,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:34:27.926Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1216","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1216","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1216","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1216","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1216.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, Montgomery County Branch Papers","title_ssm":["Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, Montgomery County Branch Papers"],"title_tesim":["Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, Montgomery County Branch Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1754-1996","1958-1983"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1958-1983"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1754-1996"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1962.001"],"text":["Ms.1962.001","Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, Montgomery County Branch Papers","Blacksburg (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","Women -- History","The collection is open to research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","The collection is arranged into eight series. Wherever possible, materials are arranged chronologically within each series.","Series I: Correspondence ","Series II: Publications","Series III: Smithfield Plantation Renovation","Series IV: Renovations of other Smithfield Plantation Buildings","Series V: AVPA General Files","Series VI: Historical Documents","Series VII: Miscellaneous Documents","Series VIII: Oversize Documents","Founded in 1889, the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities (APVA) has twenty branches which own and maintain historic properties. In November 1958 the APVA authorized the organization of the Montgomery County branch for the specific purpose of acquiring and restoring Smithfield Plantation, the historic home near Blacksburg in Montgomery County, Virginia, built by William Preston in 1773. In 1959 Mrs. Janie Preston Brockenbrough Lamb, a descendant of Preston, donated Smithfield and 4.5 acres of land to the APVA. Restoration of the building was begun in 1962 when the APVA's Montgomery County Branch raised the funds for renovation and contracted with architects and contractors. Since its foundation, and in more recent years, the organization has had some changes, including the dissolution of branches and the combination of the Montgomery County Branch with the Smithfield Preston Foundation. In 2009, the name was changed to Preservation Virgina. ","Smithfield Plantation is the historic home of the Preston family, one of the founding families of Blacksburg and Montgomery County, Virginia. It was built by William Preston (1729-1783), who emigrated from northern Ireland with his family in 1737. He married Susanna Smith in 1761 and settled at Greenfield in Botetourt County in 1769. Preston established himself as a leader in the Virginia frontier by serving in the militia in the French and Indian and Revolutionary wars, in the House of Burgesses representing Augusta County from 1766 to 1768 and Botetourt County in 1769, and as County Lieutenant of Fincastle and Montgomery. He was appointed surveyor of Fincastle County in 1772 and moved his family to that area. He built Smithfield, named in honor of his wife, in 1773. Smithfield was the birthplace and home of three Virginia governors, including James Patton Preston (son of William), and John Buchanan Floyd and John Floyd, Jr. (grandsons of William).","George Green Shackelford, a professor of history from 1954 to 1986 (now Emeritus) at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, or Virginia Tech, which is adjacent to the Smithfield property, spearheaded the restoration by forming the Montgomery County branch and adopting the project of preserving and restoring the Smithfield residence.","The APVA changed their name to Preservation Virginia in 2009. However, since the mateirals in this collection were created under the previous name, we have retained that for the collection title. Both names have been added to the corporate names associated with this collection.","The guide to the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, Montgomery County Branch Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Processing was completed in September 1996, after initial processing in the 1980s. Additional description was completed in October 2009.","Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives houses a number of other collections containing information on the Preston family and Smithfield Plantation:","John Preston Deed, Ms2005-014","John Preston Papers, Ms1994-034","Preston Family (Alice Preston Moore Collection) Papers, Ms1962-004","Preston Family (Charles Peale Didier Collection) Papers, Ms1985-020","Robert Taylor Preston Papers, Ms1992-003","William Preston Land Grant, Ms1994-027","George Green Shackelford Papers, Ms1983-008","The records largely document the recent history of Smithfield Plantation, ancestral home of the Preston family, focusing particularly on its restoration beginning in 1962. While much of the renovation occurred in the 1960s, many of the records detail other renovation projects done in the 1970s and 1980s. ","The collection is organized into seven series: Series I: Correspondence(largely from and to George Shackelford); Series II: Publications, including APVA and Montgomery County branch newsletters and APVA Discovery magazines; Series III: Smithfield Plantation Renovation, including appraisals, reports, and receipts; Series IV: Renovations of other Smithfield Plantation Buildings, including information about the renovations of other structures on the Smithfield property, (the cook's cabin, the miller's log house, and the smokehouse); Series V: AVPA General Files, including meeting minutes, financial reports, and building committee reports; Series VI: Historical Documents from dating from the original Preston family's residence at Smithfield (materials include manuscript account books (1754-1763) of William Preston while residing at Greenfield, manuscript pages detailing work done by a wheelright (1845-1850); and genealogical information about the Preston family); and Series VII: Miscellaneous Documents, which includes materials relating to historic Montgomery County and the Smithfield Plantation. The collection also contains Series VIII: Oversize Documents, containing blueprints and architectural drawings.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The records largely document the recent history of Smithfield Plantation, ancestral home of the Preston family, focusing particularly on its restoration beginning in 1962. While much of the renovation occurred in the 1960s, many of the records detail other renovation projects done in the 1970s and 1980s. The collection also includes historical and other related documents dating from before the original Preston family's residence at Smithfield.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities (APVA) (1889-2009)","Preservation Virginia (2009-)","Smithfield Plantation House (Blacksburg, Va.)","Preston family (Montgomery County, Va.)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1962.001"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, Montgomery County Branch Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, Montgomery County Branch Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, Montgomery County Branch Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities (APVA) (1889-2009)","Preservation Virginia (2009-)"],"creator_ssim":["Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities (APVA) (1889-2009)","Preservation Virginia (2009-)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities (APVA) (1889-2009)","Preservation Virginia (2009-)"],"creators_ssim":["Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities (APVA) (1889-2009)","Preservation Virginia (2009-)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, Montgomery County Branch Papers were donated to Special Collections and University Archives in multiple accruals between 1962 and 1996."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["ca. 9 Cubic Feet 13 boxes; 7 oversize folders; 1 oversize roll"],"extent_tesim":["ca. 9 Cubic Feet 13 boxes; 7 oversize folders; 1 oversize roll"],"date_range_isim":[1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/335\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into eight series. Wherever possible, materials are arranged chronologically within each series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Correspondence \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Publications\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III: Smithfield Plantation Renovation\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV: Renovations of other Smithfield Plantation Buildings\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries V: AVPA General Files\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI: Historical Documents\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII: Miscellaneous Documents\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII: Oversize Documents\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into eight series. Wherever possible, materials are arranged chronologically within each series.","Series I: Correspondence ","Series II: Publications","Series III: Smithfield Plantation Renovation","Series IV: Renovations of other Smithfield Plantation Buildings","Series V: AVPA General Files","Series VI: Historical Documents","Series VII: Miscellaneous Documents","Series VIII: Oversize Documents"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFounded in 1889, the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities (APVA) has twenty branches which own and maintain historic properties. In November 1958 the APVA authorized the organization of the Montgomery County branch for the specific purpose of acquiring and restoring Smithfield Plantation, the historic home near Blacksburg in Montgomery County, Virginia, built by William Preston in 1773. In 1959 Mrs. Janie Preston Brockenbrough Lamb, a descendant of Preston, donated Smithfield and 4.5 acres of land to the APVA. Restoration of the building was begun in 1962 when the APVA's Montgomery County Branch raised the funds for renovation and contracted with architects and contractors. Since its foundation, and in more recent years, the organization has had some changes, including the dissolution of branches and the combination of the Montgomery County Branch with the Smithfield Preston Foundation. In 2009, the name was changed to Preservation Virgina. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSmithfield Plantation is the historic home of the Preston family, one of the founding families of Blacksburg and Montgomery County, Virginia. It was built by William Preston (1729-1783), who emigrated from northern Ireland with his family in 1737. He married Susanna Smith in 1761 and settled at Greenfield in Botetourt County in 1769. Preston established himself as a leader in the Virginia frontier by serving in the militia in the French and Indian and Revolutionary wars, in the House of Burgesses representing Augusta County from 1766 to 1768 and Botetourt County in 1769, and as County Lieutenant of Fincastle and Montgomery. He was appointed surveyor of Fincastle County in 1772 and moved his family to that area. He built Smithfield, named in honor of his wife, in 1773. Smithfield was the birthplace and home of three Virginia governors, including James Patton Preston (son of William), and John Buchanan Floyd and John Floyd, Jr. (grandsons of William).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeorge Green Shackelford, a professor of history from 1954 to 1986 (now Emeritus) at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, or Virginia Tech, which is adjacent to the Smithfield property, spearheaded the restoration by forming the Montgomery County branch and adopting the project of preserving and restoring the Smithfield residence.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe APVA changed their name to Preservation Virginia in 2009. However, since the mateirals in this collection were created under the previous name, we have retained that for the collection title. Both names have been added to the corporate names associated with this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["Founded in 1889, the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities (APVA) has twenty branches which own and maintain historic properties. In November 1958 the APVA authorized the organization of the Montgomery County branch for the specific purpose of acquiring and restoring Smithfield Plantation, the historic home near Blacksburg in Montgomery County, Virginia, built by William Preston in 1773. In 1959 Mrs. Janie Preston Brockenbrough Lamb, a descendant of Preston, donated Smithfield and 4.5 acres of land to the APVA. Restoration of the building was begun in 1962 when the APVA's Montgomery County Branch raised the funds for renovation and contracted with architects and contractors. Since its foundation, and in more recent years, the organization has had some changes, including the dissolution of branches and the combination of the Montgomery County Branch with the Smithfield Preston Foundation. In 2009, the name was changed to Preservation Virgina. ","Smithfield Plantation is the historic home of the Preston family, one of the founding families of Blacksburg and Montgomery County, Virginia. It was built by William Preston (1729-1783), who emigrated from northern Ireland with his family in 1737. He married Susanna Smith in 1761 and settled at Greenfield in Botetourt County in 1769. Preston established himself as a leader in the Virginia frontier by serving in the militia in the French and Indian and Revolutionary wars, in the House of Burgesses representing Augusta County from 1766 to 1768 and Botetourt County in 1769, and as County Lieutenant of Fincastle and Montgomery. He was appointed surveyor of Fincastle County in 1772 and moved his family to that area. He built Smithfield, named in honor of his wife, in 1773. Smithfield was the birthplace and home of three Virginia governors, including James Patton Preston (son of William), and John Buchanan Floyd and John Floyd, Jr. (grandsons of William).","George Green Shackelford, a professor of history from 1954 to 1986 (now Emeritus) at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, or Virginia Tech, which is adjacent to the Smithfield property, spearheaded the restoration by forming the Montgomery County branch and adopting the project of preserving and restoring the Smithfield residence.","The APVA changed their name to Preservation Virginia in 2009. However, since the mateirals in this collection were created under the previous name, we have retained that for the collection title. Both names have been added to the corporate names associated with this collection."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, Montgomery County Branch Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, Montgomery County Branch Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, Montgomery County Branch Papers, Ms1962-001, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, Montgomery County Branch Papers, Ms1962-001, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing was completed in September 1996, after initial processing in the 1980s. Additional description was completed in October 2009.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing was completed in September 1996, after initial processing in the 1980s. Additional description was completed in October 2009."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVirginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives houses a number of other collections containing information on the Preston family and Smithfield Plantation:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/2286.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eJohn Preston Deed, Ms2005-014\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/1986.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eJohn Preston Papers, Ms1994-034\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/1219.oai_ead.xml\"\u003ePreston Family (Alice Preston Moore Collection) Papers, Ms1962-004\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/1425.oai_ead.xml\"\u003ePreston Family (Charles Peale Didier Collection) Papers, Ms1985-020\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/1884.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eRobert Taylor Preston Papers, Ms1992-003\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/1979.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eWilliam Preston Land Grant, Ms1994-027\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/1388.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eGeorge Green Shackelford Papers, Ms1983-008\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives houses a number of other collections containing information on the Preston family and Smithfield Plantation:","John Preston Deed, Ms2005-014","John Preston Papers, Ms1994-034","Preston Family (Alice Preston Moore Collection) Papers, Ms1962-004","Preston Family (Charles Peale Didier Collection) Papers, Ms1985-020","Robert Taylor Preston Papers, Ms1992-003","William Preston Land Grant, Ms1994-027","George Green Shackelford Papers, Ms1983-008"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe records largely document the recent history of Smithfield Plantation, ancestral home of the Preston family, focusing particularly on its restoration beginning in 1962. While much of the renovation occurred in the 1960s, many of the records detail other renovation projects done in the 1970s and 1980s. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into seven series: Series I: Correspondence(largely from and to George Shackelford); Series II: Publications, including APVA and Montgomery County branch newsletters and APVA Discovery magazines; Series III: Smithfield Plantation Renovation, including appraisals, reports, and receipts; Series IV: Renovations of other Smithfield Plantation Buildings, including information about the renovations of other structures on the Smithfield property, (the cook's cabin, the miller's log house, and the smokehouse); Series V: AVPA General Files, including meeting minutes, financial reports, and building committee reports; Series VI: Historical Documents from dating from the original Preston family's residence at Smithfield (materials include manuscript account books (1754-1763) of William Preston while residing at Greenfield, manuscript pages detailing work done by a wheelright (1845-1850); and genealogical information about the Preston family); and Series VII: Miscellaneous Documents, which includes materials relating to historic Montgomery County and the Smithfield Plantation. The collection also contains Series VIII: Oversize Documents, containing blueprints and architectural drawings.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The records largely document the recent history of Smithfield Plantation, ancestral home of the Preston family, focusing particularly on its restoration beginning in 1962. While much of the renovation occurred in the 1960s, many of the records detail other renovation projects done in the 1970s and 1980s. ","The collection is organized into seven series: Series I: Correspondence(largely from and to George Shackelford); Series II: Publications, including APVA and Montgomery County branch newsletters and APVA Discovery magazines; Series III: Smithfield Plantation Renovation, including appraisals, reports, and receipts; Series IV: Renovations of other Smithfield Plantation Buildings, including information about the renovations of other structures on the Smithfield property, (the cook's cabin, the miller's log house, and the smokehouse); Series V: AVPA General Files, including meeting minutes, financial reports, and building committee reports; Series VI: Historical Documents from dating from the original Preston family's residence at Smithfield (materials include manuscript account books (1754-1763) of William Preston while residing at Greenfield, manuscript pages detailing work done by a wheelright (1845-1850); and genealogical information about the Preston family); and Series VII: Miscellaneous Documents, which includes materials relating to historic Montgomery County and the Smithfield Plantation. The collection also contains Series VIII: Oversize Documents, containing blueprints and architectural drawings."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_99892500d53aacc16f6cb32c28f38312\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe records largely document the recent history of Smithfield Plantation, ancestral home of the Preston family, focusing particularly on its restoration beginning in 1962. While much of the renovation occurred in the 1960s, many of the records detail other renovation projects done in the 1970s and 1980s. The collection also includes historical and other related documents dating from before the original Preston family's residence at Smithfield.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The records largely document the recent history of Smithfield Plantation, ancestral home of the Preston family, focusing particularly on its restoration beginning in 1962. While much of the renovation occurred in the 1960s, many of the records detail other renovation projects done in the 1970s and 1980s. The collection also includes historical and other related documents dating from before the original Preston family's residence at Smithfield."],"names_coll_ssim":["Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities (APVA) (1889-2009)","Smithfield Plantation House (Blacksburg, Va.)","Preston family (Montgomery County, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities (APVA) (1889-2009)","Preservation Virginia (2009-)","Smithfield Plantation House (Blacksburg, Va.)","Preston family (Montgomery County, Va.)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities (APVA) (1889-2009)","Preservation Virginia (2009-)","Smithfield Plantation House (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"famname_ssim":["Preston family (Montgomery County, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":174,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:34:27.926Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1216"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_726_c227","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Assorted plats and surveys","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_726_c227#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_726_c227","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_726_c227"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_726_c227","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_726","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_726","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_726","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_726","parent_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_726"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_726"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Tisinger Family collection of Shenandoah County land surveys"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Tisinger Family collection of Shenandoah County land surveys"],"text":["Tisinger Family collection of Shenandoah County land surveys","Assorted plats and surveys","box 3","folder 38"],"title_filing_ssi":"Assorted plats and surveys","title_ssm":["Assorted plats and surveys"],"title_tesim":["Assorted plats and surveys"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1766-1886"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1766/1886"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Assorted plats and surveys"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Tisinger Family collection of Shenandoah County land surveys"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":227,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"date_range_isim":[1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886],"containers_ssim":["box 3","folder 38"],"_nest_path_":"/components#226","timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:19:36.409Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_726","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_726","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_726","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_726","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_726.xml","title_ssm":["Tisinger Family collection of Shenandoah County land surveys"],"title_tesim":["Tisinger Family collection of Shenandoah County land surveys"],"unitdate_ssm":["1749-1932"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1749-1932"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0354"],"text":["SC 0354","Tisinger Family collection of Shenandoah County land surveys","Shenandoah County (Va.) -- Surveys","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Surveys","Augusta County (Va.) -- Surveys","Hardy County (W. Va.) -- Surveys","Surveying -- Virginia -- Shenandoah County","Deeds -- Virginia -- Shenandoah County","Legal documents","Indentures","Deeds","Land surveys","Plats (maps)","Land titles -- Virginia -- Shenandoah County","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Documents were foldered according to their original order and groupings.","William Tisinger (1816-1887), whose family the collection of land surveys descended through, is listed as a teacher in the 1850 census. In subsequent censuses (1860-1880) and death register, Tisinger's occupation is listed as surveyor or county surveyor. Jacob Rinker, Reuben Walton, James Murphy, Richard Rigg, and others were also employed as surveyors for Shenandoah County and are referenced in the collection as such along with Tisinger.","Per the seller's catalog, the collection descended in the Tisinger family, Mt. Jackson, Virginia.","The documents were received in three 3-ring binders with individual documents or small groupings of like documents sleeved in plastic enclosures. The documents were identified and described before acquisition by Special Collections, presumably by either a member of the Tisinger family prior to being consigned for auction or by the auction house itself. Documents were foldered according to their original order and groupings. The provided descriptions were repurposed as folder titles.","The collection comprises hundreds of land surveys and related documents primarily for Shenandoah County, Virginia. Specific document types include land indentures, deeds, plats, surveys and re-surveys including period copies of 18th century surveys, articles of agreement, field notes and calculations, last wills and testaments, and personal property inventories.","Locations referenced in the documents include Holman's Creek, Mill Creek, Mt. Jackson, Mulberry Run, Red Banks, New Market, Edinburg, Passage Creek, Stony Creek, North Fork of the Shenandoah River, Manassas Gap Railroad, Liberty Run, Hamburg, Little North Mountain, Orkney Springs, Conicville, Cedar Creek, and many more. Places beyond Shenandoah County include Rockingham County, Augusta County, and Hardy County.","Surveyors referenced in the documents include William Tisinger, Jacob Rinker, Reuben Walton, James Murphy, Richard Rigg, and others.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The collection comprises hundreds of land surveys and related documents primarily for Shenandoah County, Virginia.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates","Bush \u0026 Lobdell (Wilmington, Del.)","Tisinger family","Tisinger, William, 1816-1887","Fairfax, Thomas Fairfax, Lord, 1693-1781","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0354"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Tisinger Family collection of Shenandoah County land surveys"],"collection_title_tesim":["Tisinger Family collection of Shenandoah County land surveys"],"collection_ssim":["Tisinger Family collection of Shenandoah County land surveys"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Shenandoah County (Va.) -- Surveys","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Surveys","Augusta County (Va.) -- Surveys","Hardy County (W. Va.) -- Surveys"],"geogname_ssim":["Shenandoah County (Va.) -- Surveys","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Surveys","Augusta County (Va.) -- Surveys","Hardy County (W. Va.) -- Surveys"],"creator_ssm":["Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates","Tisinger, William, 1816-1887","Tisinger family"],"creator_ssim":["Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates","Tisinger, William, 1816-1887","Tisinger family"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Tisinger, William, 1816-1887"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Tisinger family"],"creators_ssim":["Tisinger, William, 1816-1887","Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates","Tisinger family"],"places_ssim":["Shenandoah County (Va.) -- Surveys","Rockingham County (Va.) -- Surveys","Augusta County (Va.) -- Surveys","Hardy County (W. Va.) -- Surveys"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Acquired at Jeffrey S. Evans's Winter Americana sale on March 2, 2023."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Surveying -- Virginia -- Shenandoah County","Deeds -- Virginia -- Shenandoah County","Legal documents","Indentures","Deeds","Land surveys","Plats (maps)","Land titles -- Virginia -- Shenandoah County"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Surveying -- Virginia -- Shenandoah County","Deeds -- Virginia -- Shenandoah County","Legal documents","Indentures","Deeds","Land surveys","Plats (maps)","Land titles -- Virginia -- Shenandoah County"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 cubic feet 3 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["1 cubic feet 3 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Legal documents","Indentures","Deeds","Land surveys","Plats (maps)","Land titles -- Virginia -- Shenandoah County"],"date_range_isim":[1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDocuments were foldered according to their original order and groupings.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Documents were foldered according to their original order and groupings."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Tisinger (1816-1887), whose family the collection of land surveys descended through, is listed as a teacher in the 1850 census. In subsequent censuses (1860-1880) and death register, Tisinger's occupation is listed as surveyor or county surveyor. Jacob Rinker, Reuben Walton, James Murphy, Richard Rigg, and others were also employed as surveyors for Shenandoah County and are referenced in the collection as such along with Tisinger.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["William Tisinger (1816-1887), whose family the collection of land surveys descended through, is listed as a teacher in the 1850 census. In subsequent censuses (1860-1880) and death register, Tisinger's occupation is listed as surveyor or county surveyor. Jacob Rinker, Reuben Walton, James Murphy, Richard Rigg, and others were also employed as surveyors for Shenandoah County and are referenced in the collection as such along with Tisinger."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePer the seller's catalog, the collection descended in the Tisinger family, Mt. Jackson, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["Per the seller's catalog, the collection descended in the Tisinger family, Mt. Jackson, Virginia."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Tisinger Family Collection of Shenandoah County Land Surveys, 1749-1932, SC 0354, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Tisinger Family Collection of Shenandoah County Land Surveys, 1749-1932, SC 0354, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe documents were received in three 3-ring binders with individual documents or small groupings of like documents sleeved in plastic enclosures. The documents were identified and described before acquisition by Special Collections, presumably by either a member of the Tisinger family prior to being consigned for auction or by the auction house itself. Documents were foldered according to their original order and groupings. The provided descriptions were repurposed as folder titles.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The documents were received in three 3-ring binders with individual documents or small groupings of like documents sleeved in plastic enclosures. The documents were identified and described before acquisition by Special Collections, presumably by either a member of the Tisinger family prior to being consigned for auction or by the auction house itself. Documents were foldered according to their original order and groupings. The provided descriptions were repurposed as folder titles."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection comprises hundreds of land surveys and related documents primarily for Shenandoah County, Virginia. Specific document types include land indentures, deeds, plats, surveys and re-surveys including period copies of 18th century surveys, articles of agreement, field notes and calculations, last wills and testaments, and personal property inventories.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLocations referenced in the documents include Holman's Creek, Mill Creek, Mt. Jackson, Mulberry Run, Red Banks, New Market, Edinburg, Passage Creek, Stony Creek, North Fork of the Shenandoah River, Manassas Gap Railroad, Liberty Run, Hamburg, Little North Mountain, Orkney Springs, Conicville, Cedar Creek, and many more. Places beyond Shenandoah County include Rockingham County, Augusta County, and Hardy County.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSurveyors referenced in the documents include William Tisinger, Jacob Rinker, Reuben Walton, James Murphy, Richard Rigg, and others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeriod copy of original.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeriod copy of original.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeriod copy of original.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeriod copy of original.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeriod copy of original.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeriod copy of original.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeriod copy of original.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeriod copy of original.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeriod copy of original.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeriod copy of original.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeriod copy of original.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeriod copy of original.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeriod copy of original.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection comprises hundreds of land surveys and related documents primarily for Shenandoah County, Virginia. Specific document types include land indentures, deeds, plats, surveys and re-surveys including period copies of 18th century surveys, articles of agreement, field notes and calculations, last wills and testaments, and personal property inventories.","Locations referenced in the documents include Holman's Creek, Mill Creek, Mt. Jackson, Mulberry Run, Red Banks, New Market, Edinburg, Passage Creek, Stony Creek, North Fork of the Shenandoah River, Manassas Gap Railroad, Liberty Run, Hamburg, Little North Mountain, Orkney Springs, Conicville, Cedar Creek, and many more. Places beyond Shenandoah County include Rockingham County, Augusta County, and Hardy County.","Surveyors referenced in the documents include William Tisinger, Jacob Rinker, Reuben Walton, James Murphy, Richard Rigg, and others.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original.","Period copy of original."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_c366407779df2cc79ead214728df751e\"\u003eThe collection comprises hundreds of land surveys and related documents primarily for Shenandoah County, Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection comprises hundreds of land surveys and related documents primarily for Shenandoah County, Virginia."],"names_coll_ssim":["Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates","Bush \u0026 Lobdell (Wilmington, Del.)","Tisinger family","Tisinger, William, 1816-1887","Fairfax, Thomas Fairfax, Lord, 1693-1781"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates","Bush \u0026 Lobdell (Wilmington, Del.)"],"famname_ssim":["Tisinger family"],"persname_ssim":["Tisinger, William, 1816-1887","Fairfax, Thomas Fairfax, Lord, 1693-1781"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":231,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:19:36.409Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_726_c227"}},{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74_c65","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"A topographical chart of the bay of Narraganset in the province of New England : with all the isles contained therein, among which Rhode Island and Connonicut have been particularly surveyed ; shewing the true position \u0026 bearings of the banks, shoals, rocks \u0026c. as likewise the soundings ; to which have been added the several works \u0026 batteries raised by the Americans ; taken by order of the principal farmers on Rhode Island","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74_c65#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74_c65","ref_ssm":["vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74_c65"],"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74_c65","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74","parent_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74","parent_ssim":["vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection"],"text":["Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection","A topographical chart of the bay of Narraganset in the province of New England : with all the isles contained therein, among which Rhode Island and Connonicut have been particularly surveyed ; shewing the true position \u0026 bearings of the banks, shoals, rocks \u0026c. as likewise the soundings ; to which have been added the several works \u0026 batteries raised by the Americans ; taken by order of the principal farmers on Rhode Island","Foxing top margin","Blaskowitz, Charles","Faden, William, 1749-1836","Narragansett Bay (R.I.)","Rhode Island","Nautical charts","English .","Drawer 122 : L : 7","Section 1","Client reference #145; WAG #13773/289295; IL# 2020-IL-001-047","Arader Galleries, 8 November 2006.","[London] : Wm. Faden, 1777","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1003 Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 34","Scale [ca. 1:50,500]. Relief shown by hachures. Depths shown by soundings. Inscribed \"To the Right Honourable Hugh Earl Percy ... with His Lordship's permission ... by ... Wm. Faden.\" Includes text, \"References to the batteries,\" and \"A list of the principal farms in Rhode Island.\""],"title_filing_ssi":"A topographical chart of the bay of Narraganset in the province of New England : with all the isles contained therein, among which Rhode Island and Connonicut have been particularly surveyed ; shewing the true position \u0026 bearings of the banks, shoals, rocks \u0026c. as likewise the soundings ; to which have been added the several works \u0026 batteries raised by the Americans ; taken by order of the principal farmers on Rhode Island","title_ssm":["A topographical chart of the bay of Narraganset in the province of New England : with all the isles contained therein, among which Rhode Island and Connonicut have been particularly surveyed ; shewing the true position \u0026 bearings of the banks, shoals, rocks \u0026c. as likewise the soundings ; to which have been added the several works \u0026 batteries raised by the Americans ; taken by order of the principal farmers on Rhode Island"],"title_tesim":["A topographical chart of the bay of Narraganset in the province of New England : with all the isles contained therein, among which Rhode Island and Connonicut have been particularly surveyed ; shewing the true position \u0026 bearings of the banks, shoals, rocks \u0026c. as likewise the soundings ; to which have been added the several works \u0026 batteries raised by the Americans ; taken by order of the principal farmers on Rhode Island"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1777"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1777"],"normalized_title_ssm":["A topographical chart of the bay of Narraganset in the province of New England : with all the isles contained therein, among which Rhode Island and Connonicut have been particularly surveyed ; shewing the true position \u0026 bearings of the banks, shoals, rocks \u0026c. as likewise the soundings ; to which have been added the several works \u0026 batteries raised by the Americans ; taken by order of the principal farmers on Rhode Island"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"collection_ssim":["Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection"],"physdesc_tesim":["Foxing top margin"],"extent_ssm":["1 Sheets"],"extent_tesim":["1 Sheets"],"physfacet_tesim":["1 map : hand colored"],"dimensions_tesim":["92 x 63 cm."],"creator_ssim":["Blaskowitz, Charles","Faden, William, 1749-1836"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":65,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"date_range_isim":[1777],"names_ssim":["Blaskowitz, Charles","Faden, William, 1749-1836"],"persname_ssim":["Blaskowitz, Charles","Faden, William, 1749-1836"],"geogname_ssim":["Narragansett Bay (R.I.)","Rhode Island"],"geogname_ssm":["Narragansett Bay (R.I.)","Rhode Island"],"places_ssim":["Narragansett Bay (R.I.)","Rhode Island"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Nautical charts"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Nautical charts"],"language_ssim":["English ."],"containers_ssim":["Drawer 122 : L : 7","Section 1"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eClient reference #145; WAG #13773/289295; IL# 2020-IL-001-047\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArader Galleries, 8 November 2006.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Reference numbers","Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["Client reference #145; WAG #13773/289295; IL# 2020-IL-001-047","Arader Galleries, 8 November 2006."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[London] : Wm. Faden, 1777\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Created/Published"],"odd_tesim":["[London] : Wm. Faden, 1777"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1003 Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 34\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related references"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1003 Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 34"],"materialspec_html_tesm":["\u003cmaterialspec id=\"aspace_584813cd9de70436b08b6957b935f637\"\u003eScale [ca. 1:50,500]. Relief shown by hachures. Depths shown by soundings. Inscribed \"To the Right Honourable Hugh Earl Percy ... with His Lordship's permission ... by ... Wm. Faden.\" Includes text, \"References to the batteries,\" and \"A list of the principal farms in Rhode Island.\"\u003c/materialspec\u003e"],"materialspec_tesim":["Scale [ca. 1:50,500]. Relief shown by hachures. Depths shown by soundings. Inscribed \"To the Right Honourable Hugh Earl Percy ... with His Lordship's permission ... by ... Wm. Faden.\" Includes text, \"References to the batteries,\" and \"A list of the principal farms in Rhode Island.\""],"_nest_path_":"/components#64","timestamp":"2026-05-21T05:55:09.076Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_3_resources_74.xml","title_ssm":["Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection"],"title_tesim":["Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["approximately 1740 - 1799"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["approximately 1740 - 1799"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["2019.SC.034","/repositories/3/resources/74"],"text":["2019.SC.034","/repositories/3/resources/74","Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection","United States -- History -- Revolution, 1775-1783","Maps (documents)","This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.","Client reference #104; WAG #289263; IL# 2020-IL-001-083\n","English manuscript map showing Mud Island Fort and artillery batteries in the surrounding area.","Client reference #21; WAG #289150","Martayan Lan, 31 March 1992.","Client reference #20; WAG #289148","Richard B. Arkway, 10 February 1991.","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 7 April 1995.","Client reference #18; WAG #289146","Client reference 17;\t WAG 289144","Richard Arkway, 8 February 1994.","Client Reference # 13 ; WAG # 289139","Client reference #22; WAG #289151","Martayan Lan, 26 September 1991.","Client reference #26; WAG #289159","Richard Arkway, 17 December 1996.","Client reference #27; WAG #289162","McGowan Book Company, 25 July 1994.","Client reference #30; WAG #289166","Martayan Lan, 26 September 1991.","Client reference #32; WAG #289170","Martayan Lan, 8 November 1991.","Client reference #33; WAG #289171","Richard B. Arkway, 7 February 1996.","Client Reference # 15 ; WAG # 289142","Boston Rare Maps ; Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 2 February 1998","Client reference # 12 ; WAG# 289136","Libraire Le Bail, Paris, 5 January 2010","Client reference 38; WAG #289177","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 9 December 1999.","Client reference #42; WAG #289184","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 25 April 1994.","Client reference #43; WAG #289187","Richard B. Arkway, 10 September 1997.","Client reference #51; WAG #289200","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 21 December 1993.","Client reference #59; WAG #289214","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 24 June 1993.","Client reference #63; WAG #289220","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 17 December 2003.","Client reference #64; WAG #289222","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 17 December 2003.","Client reference #71; WAG #289231","Richard Arkway, 16 May 1997.","Client reference #75; WAG #289235","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 27 June 1996.","Client reference #61; WAG #289217","Marayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 18 March 1993.","Client reference #82; WAG # 289242","Richard Arkway, 10 Mar 1992.","Client reference #86; WAG #289246","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 9 January 2001.","Client #88; WAG #289248","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 27 June 1996.","Client Reference # 89 ; WAG # 289249","Martayan Lan, 7 September 1995.","Client reference #90; WAG #289250","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 22 April 1992.","Client reference #91; WAG #289251","Richard Arkway, 17 December 1996.","Client reference #99; WAG #289258","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 19 April 1993.","Client references #103; WAG #289262","High Ridge Books, 20 April 1995.","Client reference #108; WAG #289267","Libraire Ancienne des Trois Islets, 8 April 2011.","Client reference #110; WAG #289269","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 14 June 1995.","Client reference #118; WAG #289276","Martayan Lan LLC, 12 September 1997.","Client reference #138; WAG #289288","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro, 19 June 2007.","Client reference #141; WAG #289291","Richard B. Arkway, 17 December 1996.","Client reference #160; WAG #289300","Richard Arkway, 8 February 1994.","Client reference #198; WAG #289311","Richard Arkway, 26 September 1991.","Client reference #279; WAG #289329","Richard B. Arkway, 14 September 1994.","Client reference #281; WAG #289331","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 8 May 1992.","Client reference #282; WAG #289332","Richard B. Arkway, 20 January 1999.","Client reference #250;l WAG #289348","Purchased Sotheby's December 11, 2007.","Client reference #269; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #270; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #271; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client #272; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #261; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #262; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #263; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference # 264 ; WAG# 289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #265; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #266; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #267; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #268; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #303","Client reference #304","Client reference #306","Client reference #307.","Client reference #305","Client Ref: B33 ; WAG# 289344; IL# 2020-IL-001-021","Client reference #67; WAG #289227; IL# 2020-IL-001-043","Client reference #19; WAG #289147","Richard B. Arkway, 10 February 1997.","Client reference #114; WAG #289273; IL# 2020-IL-001-045","Boston Rare Maps, 2 November 2011.","Client reference #230; WAG #289315; IL# 2020-IL-001-046","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (purchase at Christie's 2607 sale on 7 December 2012), 2 January 2013.","Client reference #145; WAG #13773/289295; IL# 2020-IL-001-047","Arader Galleries, 8 November 2006.","Client reference #117; WAG #289275; IL# 2020-IL-001-048","Sothebys, 5 December 2005.","Client reference #29; WAG #289163; IL# 2020-IL-001-049","The Philadelphia Print Shop LTD., 13 December 2003.","Client reference #111; WAG #289270; IL# 2020-IL-001-050","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 7 April 2008.","Client reference #254; WAG #289325","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro, 19 June 2007.","Client reference #161; WAG #289301; IL# 2020-IL-001-052","Cogen \u0026 Taliaferro, 19 June 2007.","Client reference #172; WAG #289307; IL# 2020-IL-001-053","Jonathan Potter Limited, 9 March 2009.","Client reference #96; WAG #289256; IL# 2020-IL-001-054","Richard B. Arkway, Inc., 23 February 2004.","Client reference #167; WAG #289302; IL# 2020-IL-001-055","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 14 April 2005.","Client reference #171; WAG #289306; IL# 2020-IL-001-056","Jonathan Potter Limited, 27 September 2007.","Client reference #124; WAG #289343; IL# 2020-IL-001-057","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 22 May 2007.","Client reference #125; WAG #289343; IL# 2020-IL-001-058","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 22 May 2007.","Client reference #126; WAG #289343; IL# 2020-IL-001-059","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 22 May 2007.","Client reference #127; WAG #289343; IL# 2020-IL-001-060","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 22 May 2007.","Client reference #245; WAG #289320; IL# 2020-IL-001-061","Northeast Auctions, Portsmouth NH, 17 August 2014.","Client reference #143; WAG #289293","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 21 July 1995.","Client reference #45; WAG #289190; IL# 2020-IL-001-063","Jonathan Potter Limited, 9 July 2004.","Client reference #123; WAG #289281; IL# 2020-IL-001-064","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 22 May 2007.","Client reference #253; WAG #289324; IL# 2020-IL-001-095","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 12 February 2003.","Client reference #9; WAG #289354","Four of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps, 5 Jul 2011.","Client reference #54; WAG #289204; IL# 2020-IL-001-065","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 27 June 1996.","Client reference #149; WAG #289297; IL# 2020-IL-001-066","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 14 April 2005.","Client reference #246, 247; WAG #289347; IL# 2020-IL-001-067","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 13 April 2015.","Client reference #184; WAG #289309; IL# 2020-IL-001-068","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 6 May 2009.","Client reference #36; WAG #289175; IL #2020-IL-001-069","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 22 February 2008.","Client reference #25; WAG #289158; IL# 2020-IL-001-070","Boston Rare Maps, 20 November 2007.","Client reference #199; WAG #289312","Richard Arkway, 10 December 1991.","Client reference #41; WAG #289418; IL# 2020-IL-001-072","Richard B. Arkway, 14 September 1994.","Client reference #95; WAG #289255; IL# 2020-IL-001-073","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 11 March 2005.","Client reference #73; WAG #289233; IL# 2020-IL-001-074","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 29 March 2006.","Client reference #85; WAG #289245; IL# 2020-IL-001-075","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (purchase at Sotheby's 8211 sale lot 216 on 15 June 2006), 19 June 2006.","Client reference #81; WAG #289241; IL# 2020-IL-001-076","The Philadelphia Print Shop LTD., 7 November 1991.","Client reference #55; WAG #289206; IL# 2020-IL-001-077","The Philadelphia Print Shop LTD., 27 June 1991.","Client reference #56; WAG #289208; IL# 2020-IL-001-078","Richard Arkway, 17 December 1996.","Client reference #121; WAG #289279","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 14 January 1999.","Client reference #52; WAG #289201; IL# 2020-IL-001-080","The Philadelphia Print Shop LTD., 17 September 1990.","Client reference #48; WAG #289195","Martayan Lan, 8 November 1991.","Client reference #275; WAG #289327","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 6 January 1994.","Richard Arkway, 26 July 2004.","Client reference #140; WAG #289290","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 16 December 1999.","Client reference #255; WAG #289326","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 4 March 1993.","Client reference #280; WAG #289330","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 16 May 1997.","Client reference #113; WAG #289272; IL# 2020-IL-001-087","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 22 February 2008.","Boston Rare Maps, 20 November 2007.","Client reference #84; WAG #289244; IL# 2020-IL-001-089","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 5 December 2001.","Client reference #57; WAG #289210","Richard Arkway, 17 December 1996.","Client # 107; WAG #289266; IL# 2020-IL-001-182","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (bought at Swann Auction sale 2074 on 30 March 2006), 3 April 2006.","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","Client reference #98; WAG #289257; IL# 2020-IL-001-183","Richard B. Arkway, Inc. 30 November 2004.","Client reference #148; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-184","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.","Client reference #150; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-185","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.","Client reference #151; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-186","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.","Client reference #152; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-187","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.","Client reference #153; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-188","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.","Client reference #154; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-189","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.","Client reference 3 add ; WAG# 289351; IL# 2020-IL-001-210x","Boston Rare Maps, 26 June 2018 (revised 13 July 2018)","Client reference #155; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-190","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.","Client reference #156; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-191","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.","Client reference #157; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-192","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.","WAG #289345","WAG #289345","Client reference #130; WAG #289283","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 27 May 1993.","Client reference #79; WAG #289239; IL# 2020-IL-001-092","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 7 July 2010.","Client reference #101; WAG #289260; IL# 2020-IL-001-093","Richard B. Arkway, Inc. 30 November 2004.","Client reference #252; WAG #289323; IL# 2020-IL-001-094","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 12 February 2003.","Client reference #173; WAG #289308","Bonhams, 2 December 2010.","Client reference #77; WAG #289237; 2020-IL-001-097","H.P. Kraus, 7 July 1997.","Client reference #158; WAG #289298; IL# 2020-IL-001-098","Client reference #44; WAG #289188\nPrevious IL #: 2020-IL-001-099","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 8 February 2008.","Client reference #46; WAG #289193; Previous IL# 2020-IL-001-100","Client reference #162; WAG #289346; IL# 2020-IL-001-101","Richard Arkway, 13 July 1999.","Client reference #11; WAG #289354","Four of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps, 5 Jul 2011.","Client reference #163; WAG #289346; IL# 2020-IL-001-102","Richard Arkway, 13 July 1999.","Client reference #164; WAG #289346; IL# 2020-IL-001-103","Richard Arkway, 13 July 1999.","Client reference #5; WAG #289354","Four of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps, 5 Jul 2011.","Client reference #283; WAG #289417","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 7 July 1994.","Client reference #277; WAG #289328; IL# 2020-IL-001-170","The Philadelphia Print Shop LTD., 1 September 1995.","Client reference #106; WAG #289265; IL# 2020-IL-001-171","William Reese Company, 25 March 2008.","Client reference #119; WAG #289277; IL# 2020-IL-001-172","Richard B. Arkway, 19 June 2007.","Client reference #169; WAG #289304; IL# 2020-IL-001-173","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 5 June 2007.","Client reference #170; WAG #289305\nPrevious IL #: 2020-IL-001-174","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 19 December 2005.","Client reference #201; WAG #289314; IL# 2020-IL-001-175","Boston Rare Maps, 25 September 2012.","Client reference #100; WAG #289259; IL# 2020-IL-001-176","Richard B. Arkway, Inc. 30 November 2004.","Client reference #58; WAG #289213; IL# 2020-IL-001-177","William Reese Company, 11 April 2011.","Client reference #165; WAG #289346; IL# 2020-IL-001-104","Richard Arkway, 13 July 1999.","Client reference #166; WAG #289346; IL# 2020-IL-001-105","Richard Arkway, 13 July 1999.","Client reference #284; WAG #289346; IL# 2020-IL-001-106","Richard Arkway, 13 July 1999.","Client reference #231; WAG #289316; IL# 2020-IL-001-107","Boston Rare Maps, 23 May 2013.","Client reference #234; WAG #289319; IL# 2020-IL-001-108","Sotheby's, 5 December 2013.","Client reference #232; WAG #289319","Sotheby's New York, 11 June 2013, lot #83.","Client reference #40; WAG #289181; IL# 2020-IL-001-110","Boston Rare Maps, 27 September 2012.","Client reference #197; WAG #289310; IL# 2020-IL-001-111","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 2 March 2007.","Client reference #65; WAG #289224; IL# 2020-IL-001-112","Shapero Rare Books, 4 April 2010.","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","Alexander Gallery, 27 January 2014. Charles Bigelow (b. 1884) of Boston, by direct descent to his grand daughter","Client reference #60; WAG #289216; IL# 2020-IL-001-113","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 23 October 2007.","Client reference #105; WAG #289264; IL# 2020-IL-001-114","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 8 July 2011.","Client reference #70; WAG #289230; IL# 2020-IL-001-115","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 26 June 2008.","Client reference #76; WAG #289236; IL# 2020-IL-001-116","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 27 June 1996.","Client reference #68; WAG #289228; IL# 2020-IL-001-117","Bernard Shapero Rare Books, 2 May 2008.","Client reference #37; WAG #289176; IL# 2020-IL-001-118","Client reference #134; WAG #289284","The Old Print Gallery, 3 May 1991.","Client reference #147; WAG #289344; IL# 2020-IL-001-120","Sotheby's New York, 1 December 2005.","Client reference #39; WAG #289179; IL# 2020-IL-001-121","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 28 June 2006.","Client reference #109; WAG #289268; IL# 2020-IL-001-122","Richard B. Arkway, 25 October 1995.","Client reference #122; WAG #289280; IL# 2020-IL-001-123","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 1 June 2005.","Client reference #74; WAG #289234; IL# 2020-IL-001-124","Richard Arkway, 17 December 1996.","Client reference #14; WAG #289140","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 14 June 1995.","Client reference #50; WAG #289199; IL# 2020-IL-001-126","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 15 November 2002.","lient reference #120; WAG #289278; IL# 2020-IL-001-127","Richard B. Arkway, 19 June 2007.","Client reference #102; WAG #289261; IL# 2020-IL-001-128","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 22 February 2010.","Client reference #291; WAG #289350; IL# 2020-IL-001-129","William Reese Co, 7 April 2014.","Previously owned by \"Charles R. Sanders Jr of Halifax County Virginia\".","Client reference #292; WAG #289350; IL# 2020-IL-001-130","William Reese Co, 7 April 2014.","Previously owned by \"Charles R. Sanders Jr of Halifax County Virginia\".","Client reference #293; WAG #289350; IL# 2020-IL-001-131","William Reese Co, 7 April 2014.","Previously owned by \"Charles R. Sanders Jr of Halifax County Virginia\".","Client reference #294; WAG #289350; IL# 2020-IL-001-132","William Reese Co, 7 April 2014.","Previously owned by \"Charles R. Sanders Jr of Halifax County Virginia\".","Client reference #295; WAG #289350; IL# 2020-IL-001-133","William Reese Co, 7 April 2014.","Previously owned by \"Charles R. Sanders Jr of Halifax County Virginia\".","Client reference #296; WAG #289350; IL# 2020-IL-001-134","William Reese Co, 7 April 2014.","Previously owned by \"Charles R. Sanders Jr of Halifax County Virginia\".","Client reference #128; WAG #289282; IL# 2020-IL-001-135","Arader Galleries, 23 November 2003.","Client reference #249; WAG #289322; IL# 2020-IL-001-136","Cohen and Taliaferro LLC, 5 June 2014.","Client reference #93; WAG #289253; IL# 2020-IL-001-137","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 10 May 2004.","Client reference #24; WAG #289156","Boston Rare Maps, 6 March 2006.","Client reference #146; WAG #289296","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 14 January 1999.","Client reference #168; WAG #289303; IL# 2020-IL-001-140","Clive A. Burden, 11 May 2012, (from Sotheby's New York for client).","Client reference #69; WAG #289229\nPrevious IL #: 2020-IL-001-168","Clive Burden, 19 April 2011.","Client reference #78; WAG #289238; IL# 2020-IL-001-156","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 19 December 2005.","Client reference #83; WAG #289243","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 7 September 1995.","Client reference #66; WAG #289226; IL# 2020-IL-001-179","Boston Rare Maps, 30 May 2008.","Client reference #62; WAG #289218; IL# 2020-IL-001-180","Martayan Lan, 24 June 1992.","Jonathan Potter Limited, 18 December 2007.","Client reference #135; WAG #289285","Client reference #80; WAG #289240","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 14 June 1995.","Client reference #112; WAG #289271; IL# 2020-IL-001-142","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 13 May 2004.","lient reference #159; WAG #289299; IL# 2020-IL-001-143","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 7 April 2008.","lient reference #53; WAG #289203; IL# 2020-IL-001-144","Arader Galleries, 8 November 2006.","Client reference #72; WAG #289232; IL# 2020-IL-001-145","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 11 October 2005.","Client reference #139; WAG #289289; IL# 2020-IL-001-146","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 22 April 1992.","Client reference #94; WAG #289254; IL# 2020-IL-001-147","Marayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 24 April 2001.","Client reference #115; WAG #289274\nPrevious IL #: 2020-IL-001-148","Richard Arkway, 19 June 2007.","Client reference #136; WAG #289286","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 10 March 1992.","Client reference #137; WAG #289287","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 10 March 1992.","Client reference #233; WAG #289318; IL# 2020-IL-001-151","Swann Auction Galleries, 10 October 2013.","Client reference #142; WAG #289292; IL# 2020-IL-001-152","Swann Galleries, New York, 2 June 2011.","Client reference #31; WAG #289168","High Ridge Books Inc., 20 March 1991.","Client reference #49; WAG #289197","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 18 January 1993.","Client reference #92; WAG #289252","Martayan Lan, 26 September 1991.","lient reference #248; WAG #289321; IL# 2020-IL-001-157","Daniel Crouch Rare Books, 15 April 2015.","Client reference #144; WAG #289294; IL# 2020-IL-001-158","Arader Galleries, 8 November 2006.","Client reference#10; WAG #289354","Four of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps, 5 Jul 2011.","Client reference #7; WAG #289354","Four of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps 5 Jul 2011.","Client reference #34; WAG #289173; IL# 2020-IL-001-161","Richard B. Arkway, 19 June 2007.","Client reference #23; WAG #289154; IL# 2020-IL-001-162","Jonathan Potter Limited, 29 November 2005.","Client reference #6; WAG #289354","Four of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps, 5 Jul 2011.","Client reference #8; WAG #289354","Four of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps, 5 Jul 2011.","Client reference #B39; WAG #289180; IL# 2020-IL-001-193x","George S. MacManus Co. (bought at Sotheby's New York 1 December 2005), 5 December 2005. William Guthman Collection of Manuscript, Printed, and Graphic Americana","Client reference #8ADD; WAG #289356; IL# 2020-IL-001-194x","Boston Rare Maps, 12 March 2014.","Client reference #4 ADD; WAG #289352; IL# 2020-IL-001-195x","Martayan Lan \u0026 Augustyn Inc., 31 May 2018.","Client reference #297; WAG #289333; IL# 2020-IL-001-205x","Rouillac, 13 June 2016.","Client reference #1 ADD, 2 ADD; WAG #289342; IL#  2020-IL-001-206x","Map: Christie's, 5 December 2017, lot 8.  Provenance: François-Jean de Beauvoir, Marquis de Chastellux (1734 -1788)","Client reference #7 ADD; WAG #289357","Christie's New York, 19 June 2014.","Client reference #5 ADD; WAG #289353; IL# 2020-IL-001-207x","Boston Rare Maps, 14 June 2006.","lient reference #6 ADD; WAG #289355; IL# 2020-IL-001-208x","Barry Ruderman (purchased at Bonhams Germany), 14 April 2015.","Client Ref # B45 ; WAG # 289191","Client Ref # B45 ; WAG # 289191","Client Ref # B45 ; WAG # 289191","2020-IL-001-122b","Client reference #43B; OCLC number 62820410; WAG # 13773/289186; IL# 2020-IL-001-213x","London: Jeffreys \u0026 Faden, 1775","[London] : Thos. Jefferys, 1774","[London] : Wm. Faden, 1775","[London] : Willm. Faden, 1777","London : William Faden, [1778?]","London : Willm. Faden, 1784","London : Wm. Faden, 1776","London : Wm. Faden, 1776","London : Printed for Robt. Sayer and Jno. Bennett, 1776","London : Printed for R. Sayer and J. Bennett, 1783","London : Wm. Faden, 1776","London : Printed \u0026 sold by A. Dury, 1775","[London] : Wm. Faden, 1778","London : W. Hawkes, 1776","London : T. Jefferys, 1757","London : S. Hooper, 1770","London : John Wallis, 1783","Paris : Chez Le Rouge,1781","[London] : Engraved and published by Wm. Faden, 1783","Amsterdam : Chéz Covens et Mortier, et Covens, junior, 1780-1789","[London] : Wm. Faden, 1775","London? : [s.n.], 1780","London : W. Faden","London : R. Sayer \u0026 J. Bennett, 1780","London : Wm. Faden, 1784","[London] : J.F.W. Des Barres, 1778","Paris : Chez Le Rouge, 1776","Publisher unknown : place of publication unknown, 1778","Paris : Chez Fortin, Ing'r mécanicien du Roi pour les globes et sphères, 1778","[London] : Sold by And: Millar opposite Katharine Street in the Strand, 1755","Paris : Chez le Sr. Phelipeau, 1786","London : Wm. Faden, 1785","[London] : W. Faden, 1777","London : Wm. Faden, 1776","London : Wm. Faden, 1781","Franckfurt am Mayn : Zu finden in der Iaegernschen Buchhandlung, 1776","Franckfurt am Mayn : Zu finden in der Iaegernschen Buchhandlung, 1776","[London] : printed for Robert Sayer in Fleet Street and Thomas Jefferys in the Strand, 1753","Paris : Le Rouge, 1778","Paris : Le Rouge, 1778","Paris : Le Rouge, 1779","Paris : Le Rouge, 1779","Paris : Le Rouge, 1779","Paris : Le Rouge, 1778","Paris : Le Rouge, 1778","London : Wm. Faden, 1776","Paris : Le Rouge, 1779","Paris : Le Rouge, 1779","Paris : Le Rouge, 1779","Paris : Le Rouge, 1779","[London] : printed for Robert Sayer in Fleet Street and Thomas Jefferys in the Strand, 1753","[London] : Printed for Robert Sayer in Fleet Street and Thomas Jefferys in the Strand, 1753","[London] : Printed for Robert Sayer in Fleet Street and Thomas Jefferys in the Strand, 1753.","[London] : Printed for Robert Sayer in Fleet Street and Thomas Jefferys in the Strand, 1753.","[London] : Printed for Robert Sayer in Fleet Street and Thomas Jefferys in the Strand, 1753.","A Paris : chez l'auteur. 1777","Paris : Chez le Chevalier de Beaurain, 1776","Portsmouth, N.H : [publisher not identified], 1761","Unknown","[London] : Wm. Faden, 1777","[London] : T. Jefferys, 1768","Paris : Lattre, 1781","A Paris : Chez Lattré, 1788","London : Carington Bowles, 1785","London : Carington Bowles, 1784","A Paris : Chez Esnauts et Rapilly, 1783","Paris : Chez le Sr. Desnos, 1783-1787","Paris : M. Brion de la Tour, 1783","A Paris : Chez le Sr. Desnos, 1783","London : S. Hooper, 1776","London : S. Hooper, 1776","London : S. Hooper, 1776","London : S. Hooper, 1776","Paris : Chez Perrier ; Chez Fortin, 1778","Amsterdam : Chez C. Mortier \u0026 J. Covens, et Fils, 1782?","London : Printed for John Bowles, 1763?","London : John Bowles ; Robert Sayer ; Thos. Jefferys, 1763?","Augsburg : Christian Friedrich von der Heiden, 1760","A Paris : Chez Basset, 1782","[London] : J.F.W. Des Barres, 1780?","[Frankfurt am Main] : s.n., 1780","London : published acording to the act by M.A. Rocque ... \u0026 A. Dury, 1762","London : Publish'd as the Act directs ... by W. Faden , 1780","A Paris : Chéz Le Rouge, rue des Grands Augustins, 1785","London : Andrew Dury, 1776","Paris : Chez Mondhare, 1778","Paris : Esnauts et Rapilly, 1781?","[London?] : R. Eynon, 1776","[London] : W. Faden, 1778","London : Wm. Faden, 1779","London : Printed for Wm. Faden, 1784","London : Wm. Faden, 1776","London : [Publisher not known], 1778","[London] : Wm. Faden, 1777","London : Wm. Faden, 1777","Philadelphia : American Philosophical Society, 1771","[Place of publication not identified]  : John Fitch, 1785","London : Printed for Robt. Sayer ... \u0026 Thos. Jefferys, 1768","Philadelphia : R. Aitken, 1775","London : [Publisher not identified], 1773?","London : W. Faden, 1780","London : [Publisher not identified], 1784","London : Published by Wm. Faden, Geographer to the King, Charing Cross, 1784","Philadelphia : [Publisher not identified], 1796?","Augsburg : Joh. Martin Will, 1777?","Paris : Chez Perrier et Verrier ; Chez Maugein, 1782?","[Place of publication not identified]  : [Publisher not identified], 1781?","Place of publication not identified]  : [Publisher not identified], 1782?","Franckfurter : Iagernschen Buchhandlung, 1780","Augsburg : l'Academie Imperiale d'Empire des Arts liberaux, 1782?","London : William Faden, May 1st 1780","Berlin : Daniel Berger, 1782","A.V. [Augsburg] : I.M. Will excud, 1782","London : Printed for Wm. Faden, 1784","London : Printed for William Faden, 1784","Nuremburg? : Homann Heirs?, 1780?","London : John Bowles ; Robert Sayer ; Thos. Jefferys, 1763?","London : T. Hutchins, 1778","Paris : Chez Mondhare, 1777","[London] : Thos. Jefferys, 1768","[London] : Thos. Jefferys, 1755","[London] : Thos. Jefferys, 1755","Amsterdam : Gerard Hulst van Keulen, 1783","Augsburg : Christian Friedrich von der Heiden, 1761","Amsterdam : G. Hulst van Keulen, 1784","Amsterdam : Gerard Hulst van Keulen, 1784","Augsburg : Christian Friedrich von der Heiden, 1760","London : Andrew Dury, 1776","London : W. Faden, 1777","London : [Publisher not identified], 1768","London : printed for Robt. Sayer ..., T. Bowles ..., John Bowles \u0026 Son ..., E. Bakewell, \u0026 H. Parker, 1760","Paris : Chèz Le Rouge, 1778","Germany? : [Publisher not identified], 1758-1759?","Augsburg : Joh. Mart. Will, 1777?","[London] : Printed for Robt. Sayer in Fleet Street and Thos. Jefferys at the corner of St. Martins Lane in the Strand, 1768","Amsterdam : G. H. van Keulen, 1784","Amsterdam : G. H. van Keulen, 1784","Amsterdam : Gerard Hulst van Keulen, 1783","A Paris : Chez Lattré, 1784","Paris : Chés Lattré, 1764?","Paris : Chez Le Rouge, 1778","Paris : Chez Le Rouge, 1781","Paris : chez le Rouge, 1755","Paris : Chez Le Rouge, 1778","Paris : Chez Le Rouge, 1782","Paris : Chéz le Rouge, 1782","Paris : Le Rouge, 1756","Paris : Chez Le Rouge, 1776-1777","[Augsburg?] : Mathew Albert and George Frederic Lotter, 1784","Paris : Hôtel de Soubise, 1778","[Paris], 1756","Paris : Chez le Sr. Moithey ... et chez Crepy, 1777","Paris : Mondhare, 1781?","[London] : Sold by A. Dury, 1775","London : Printed \u0026 sold by A. Dury, 1768","Leipzig : Johann Carl Muller, 1776","London : Printed for Robert Sayer, ... and Thomas Jefferys, 1768","London : Printed for Robert Sayer, ... and Thomas Jefferys, 1768","London : Printed for Robert Sayer, ... and Thomas Jefferys, 1768","London : Printed for Robert Sayer, ... and Thomas Jefferys. 1768","London : Printed for Robert Sayer, ... and Thomas Jefferys, 1768","[Place of publication not identified]  : [Publisher not identified], 1766","Paris : Chez Basset, 1783","Hamburg : F. C. Ritter. 1776","London : [J. Harrison], 1785","London : T. Kitchin, 1769?","Berlin : Academia Regia Scientiarum et Elegantium Litterarum, 1755","London : Wm. Herbert ... \u0026 Robt. Sayer, 1755","London : Wm. Faden, 1776","London : W. Faden, 1780","London : [Publisher not identified], 1787","London : Wm. Faden, 1781","[Place of publication not identified]  : [Publisher not identified], 1782?","Paris : Chez Esnauts et Rapilly, rue Saint Jacques à la Ville de Coutances, 1782","Paris : [Publisher not identified], 1786?","Paris : Chez le cit. Delamarche, 1792","London : R. Sayer and J. Bennett, 1776","London : Robt. Sayer and John Bennett, 1780","London : R. Sayer and J. Bennett, 1775","London : Rt. Sayer \u0026 Jno. Bennett, 1776","[London] : John Rocque at Charing Cross, 1750","Amsterdam : Covens and Mortier and Covens junior, 1780","Amsterdam : Covens and Mortier and Covens junior, 1780","Philadelphia : [Publisher not identified], 1775","New Haven : [Publisher not identified], 1777","London : Wm. Faden, 1777","London : Wm. Faden, 1779","[London] : W. Faden, 1777","[London] : R. Sayer, 1763","London : John Andrews ; John Harris, 1781","Augsburg : Christian Friedrich von der Heiden, 1760","Augsburg : Christian Friedrich von der Heiden, 1760","London : Printed for John Bowles ... Robert Sayer ... Thos. Jefferys … Carington Bowles ... and Henry Parker, 1768","London : A. Hamilton, 1776","Augsburg : Christian Friedrich von der Heiden, 1760","Augsburg : Christian Friedrich von der Heiden, 1760","Boston, New England : Printed by Richard Draper, for the Author, 1755","Paris : Chez LeRouge, Rue des Grands Augustins, 1778-1780","Paris : Chez Le Rouge, 1781","Unknown place of publication : Unknown publisher, approximately 1781","London : Jefferys and Faden, 1776","Paris : Chez LeRouge, Rue des Grands Augustins, approximately 1755","Unknown place of publication : Unknown publisher, 1777","London : William Gerrard de Brahm ; P. Andrews sculp, 1771","London : William Gerard De Brahm ; P. Andrews sculp, 1771","London :  William Gerard de Brahm ; P. Andrews sculp, 1771","[Boston] : Printed at Draper's printing-office, 1775","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 902. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 24","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 800.. McCorkle, B. New England in early printed maps, 755.19. Stevens \u0026 Tree. Comparative cartography, 33e","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 933. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 22","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1013. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 35","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 29","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 146.","Comparative cartography [Stevens \u0026 Tree], 14c. Nebenzahl, Kenneth. A bibliography of printed battle plans, 64","Comparative cartography [Stevens \u0026 Tree], 24a. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 47","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1146. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 108","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 813. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 6","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1471. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 189. Exhibited: \"We Are One: Mapping America's Road from Revolution to Independence\" organized by the Norman B. Leventhal Map Center at the Boston Public Library, 2015","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 752","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 44","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 21 December 1993.","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1096. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 110. Comparative cartography [Stevens \u0026 Tree], 43a","LC Maps and charts of North America and the West Indies 1750-1789, 1517","LC Maps and charts of North America and the West Indies 1750-1789, 1500","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 754","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 790","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 93. Phillips. List of Maps of America in the Library of Congress, p. 188","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1052. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 123","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 89","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1180 Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 53","Comparative cartography [Stevens \u0026 Tree], 21a. LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1196 Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 55","Cresswell, Donald H. The American Revolution in Drawings and Prints, 264","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1149. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 112","McCorkle, B. New England in early printed maps, 778.16","Stephenson, R.W. Table for identifying variant editions and impressions of John Mitchell's map of the British and French dominions in North America. LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 39","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1023","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 195","Comparative cartography [Stevens \u0026 Tree], 41e. LC Maps and charts of North America and the West Indies 1750-1789, 1144 Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 107","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 186","Cumming, W. British maps of colonial America, 45","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","Cumming, W. British maps of colonial America, p. 45","Cumming, W. British maps of colonial America, p. 45.","Cumming, W. British maps of colonial America, p. 45.","Cumming, W. British maps of colonial America, p. 45","Cumming, W. British maps of colonial America, p. 45","Initially inventoried with [2023-SC-008-053] 'Plan of the Situation of the American and British Armies'.","LC Maps and charts of North America and the West Indies 1750-1789, 149. McCorkle, B. B. New England in early printed maps, 777.3","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 923. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 18","LC Maps of North America, 870. McCorkle, Barbara. New England in early printed maps, N761.1. Wheat \u0026 Brun. Maps and Charts published in America before 1800 (2nd ed.), 181","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1003 Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 34","Phillips, 1196","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 165","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 101","Wheat, C. Mapping the Transmississippi West, v.1 194","Guthorn, P. American maps and mapmakers, 11(15). Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 94","BM maps, XIV, column 605. Phillips, 595","Deak, G. Picturing New York, 115","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 192 and 192a","Cresswell, Donald H. The American Revolution in drawings and prints, 477","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 88","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 52","De Vorsey, L. Gulf Stream on eighteenth century maps and charts, in The Map collector, 15 (1980), 7 De Vorsey, L. Pioneer charting of the Gulf Stream, in Imago mundi, 28 (1976), 105-120","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 736","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1462. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 193","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1342. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 127","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1327. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 128","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 76. Phillips. Maps of America, p. 786","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 132","Comparative cartography [Stevens \u0026 Tree], 37a. LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1238","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography Of Printed Battle Plans Of The American Revolution 1775-1795, 43","Wheat \u0026 Brun. Maps and charts (2nd ed.), 300","Boyd, T. Poor John Fitch, p. 127-128. Wheat \u0026 Brun. Maps and charts published in America, 660","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1429 Stevens \u0026 Tree. Comparative cartography, 87e","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 5","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 51","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 182","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 129. Phillips. List of Maps of America, p. 299","Nebenzahl, Battle Plans 74. Phillips, MOA 296","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 145","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 873","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 95. Research catalog of maps in the Clements Library, II, p. 284","Deak, G. Picturing New York, 116","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 789","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 153","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 307 Stevens \u0026 Tree. Comparative cartography, 66b","Phillips, 1196","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 29. Stevens \u0026 Tree. Comparative cartography, 51a","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 219","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 219","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 219","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 932.. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 16","Comparative cartography [Stevens \u0026 Tree], 69a LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1319","Cresswell, D. American Revolution in drawings and prints, 371","Phillips, P. List of Maps of America in the Library of Congress, p. 268. Philips 1196","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 219","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 219","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 219","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 750","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 69","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 187","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 37 and 37a","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 38","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1313. Snyder, M. City of Independence, 46 and Fig. 44","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 158","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 161","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 45","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 155","Exhibited: \"We Are One: Mapping America's Road from Revolution to Independence\" organized by the Norman B. Leventhal Map Center at the Boston Public Library, 2015","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1105","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 312","Phillips. List of maps of America, 269. Phillips, 1196","Phillips. List of maps of America, 269. Phillips, 1196","Phillips. List of maps of America, 269. Phillips, 1196","Phillips. List of maps of America, 269. Phillips, 1196","Phillips. List of maps of America, 269. Phillips, 1196","Phillips. List of maps of America, 269. Phillips, 1196","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1022. Wheat \u0026 Brun. Maps and charts published in America, 258","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 751 Wooldridge, W. Mapping Virginia, 152 and 152a","Nebenzahl, Kenneth. A Bibliography Of Printed Battle Plans, 40","Cohen \u0026 Augustyn. Manhattan in maps, 73-76","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 62","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1047","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1181. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 56","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 150","Pedley, M. S. Bel et utile, 450","Phillips, 10316","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 77","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 918 Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 28","Comparative cartography [Stevens \u0026 Tree], 58c","Kershaw, Kenneth. Early printed maps of Canada, vol. 3, no. 599. LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 449","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1023. Wheat \u0026 Brun. Maps and charts published in America, 262","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 828","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution, 12 Wheat \u0026 Brun. Maps and charts published in America, 204","Wheat \u0026 Brun. Maps and charts published in America, 263","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1160. Nebenzahl, Kenneth. A bibliography of printed battle plans, 11","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1070","Comparative cartography [Stevens \u0026 Tree], 45b. LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1056 Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 101","Stevens \u0026 Tree. Comparative cartography, 47b","Cresswell, Donald H. The American Revolution in Drawings and Prints, 357","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 14","7363; Wheat \u0026 Brun 320; Shadwell, American Printmaking no. 22; Sabin 5955","Originally housed with book The Atlantic Pilot.","Originally housed with book The Atlantic Pilot.","Originally housed with book The Atlantic Pilot.","This collection contains approximately 300 rare printed maps, unique manuscript maps, and published texts collected by Richard H. Brown, which pertain to the American Revolutionary War era.","This map and battle plan immortalized what came to be known as the Battle of Bunker Hill. The alphabetic key identifies British regiments and ships and narrates their actions. The plan also shows earthworks held by the Colonial troops. This detailed plan was published in London only five days after news of the battle itself reached England. Given the haste with which it was prepared, its geographic vagueness in the rendering of Charlestown is less surprising than its overall accuracy and detail.","\nRelief shown by hachures. Indexed for points of military interest.","This large, detailed map of New England was compiled by Braddock Mead (alias John Green), and first published by Thomas Jefferys in 1755. Green was an Irish translator, geographer, and editor, as well as one of the most talented British map-makers at mid-century. The map was re-published at the outset of the American Revolution, as it remained the most accurate and detailed survey of New England. Of interest are engraved double lines found beneath certain place-names, including Boston. These lines indicate cities whose longitude had been calculated with the aid of the newly invented marine chronometer.","Page, an English military engineer who served as aide de campe to General Howe during the action, prepared this detailed plan of the Battle of Bunker Hill. It is the best known and most commonly reproduced plan of the battle. Warrens redoubt, fences, and hedgerows are shown in great detail, as well as the lines of march of attacking forces, British ships, and the Corps Hill battery with lines of fire. The position of British troops late in the action is depicted on a separate overlay which accompanies the map.","\"Note: The operations of the column under the command of His Excellency Lieutenant General Knyphausen is engraved from a plan drawn on the spot by S. W. Werner, Leiutt. of Hessian Artillery.\" Includes \"references to the column under the command of Lt. Genl. Earl Cornwallis\" and \"references to the column under the command of His Excellency Lieutt. Genl. Knyphausen.\"","Includes indexes of propietors of land in South Carolina and Georgia. Decorative title cartouche depicting vegetation, manufactured products, and workers. \"To the Right Honourable George Dunk, Earl of Halifax ...\"","Shows rural householders' names. \"Publish'd according to Act of Parliament, May the 1st, 1770, by S. Hooper, No. 25 Ludgate Hill, London.\" Decorative dedication cartouche includes royal coat of arms, a native, and animals. \"To His most Excellent Majesty George the IIId ... this map is most humbly dedicated by ... John Collet.\"","Shows the 13 states, Louisiana, and parts of Canada and Florida. Relief shown pictorially. Prime meridian: London. Decorative title cartouche.","Includes descriptive and historical notes. Translation of Thomas Hutchins' New map of the western part of Virginia, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and North Carolina, 1778.","Shows \"Genl. Howe's track\" from Elk River to Philadelphia, \"Genl. Washington's track,\" and \"Grand American Winter Camp, Jan. 1778\" at Valley Forge. Shows most of New Jersey and parts of Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Delaware. BPL","\"Includes \"References to the fortifications \u0026 ca.\" and \"References to the town.\" An earlier state of LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 933 and Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 22.","Shows operations and ship names. Inset: Plan of the fort.","Depicts a battle between the Americans and two British vessels, at the begining of the New York campaign.","The original wash drawing displayed here was executed by marine painter Pierre Ozanne in 1778. This work was produced during the French naval campaign in America by Ozanne who witnessed the action at the entrance of the Delaware River on July 8, 1778. This battle is considered as the first naval event between the French and the English fleet of that campaign on the American coast.","Wash drawing on paper. View of six ships in the Delaware River, five under the command of Comte d'Estaing. Manuscript note pasted on reads \"Campagne du Vice-Admirale d'Esteing an Amerique, commandant une escadre de 12 vaisseaux et 4 frégattes, sortie de toulon le 13 Avril 1778.\"","Displayed here is the third state of the \"Carte des Pays...de Canada,\" published by Jean Baptiste Fortin who had acquired the stock of the Vaugondy firm. This map is one of the first to recognize the name of the newly formed United States, \"Etats Unis,\" as seen by the inclusion of the phrase in the title cartouche. The map is closely related to J.B. Eliot's \"Carte du Theatre de la Guerre Actuel Entre les Anglais et les Treize Colonies Unies de l'Amerique Septentrionale ...\" Eliot also uses the phrase \"Etats Unis\" in his map, referring to his title of U.S. Engineer under his name. Both Fortin and Eliot published their maps in 1778.","Covers Canada east of Lake Superior and south of James Bay; covers U.S. north of Albemarle Bay (N.C.). Relief shown pictorially. Meridians numbered eastward from unspecified prime (Montréal at E 305°). Believed to be the earliest map to use the name United States of America (in any language). Inset: Supplément pour l'Isle de Terre-Neuve.","First English edition, 3rd impression. Includes text and inset \"A new map of Hudson's Bay and Labrador from the late survey of those coasts.\"","Shows fortifications, troop locations, and ships on the York River.","Shows information to Sept. 3, 1776. Below map: \"An account of the proceedings of His Majesty's forces at the attack of the rebel works on Long Island, on the 27th of August, 1776 : taken from Gen. Howe's letter to Lord George Germaine, principal Secretary of State for the American Department.\" State 5 of the map, with Fort Lee or Ft. Constitution added and Younkers unlabeled.","Title from sheets 1 and 2. All sheets individually titled. Shows nautical exploration routes. Includes text, historical and geographical notes, and tables of comparative astronomical observations.","Shows Carib lands, parishes, settlements, bays, anchorages, and topography.","Shows parishes, settlements, bays, anchorages, topography and shoals.","Shows divisions, settlements, bays, anchorages, topography and shoals","Shows parishes, settlements, bays, anchorages, topography and shoals.","Shows parishes, cities, settlements, roads, churches, windmills, \"cattle mills,\" bays, anchorages, shoals and topography.","Shows harbors, settlements and topography.","Shows parishes, towns, settlements, roads, rivers, bays, anchorages, shoals and topography.","Shows harbors, towns, shoals, anchorages, and topography.","Covers Grand Turk Island, Salt Cay, and smaller islands in the vicinity. Shows topography and shoals.","Shows plantations, roads, settlements, anchorages, shoals and topography.","Shows parishes, towns, bays, anchorages, topography and shoals","Shows nautical exploration routes. Includes text, historical and geographical notes, and tables of comparative astronomical observations.","Sheet three of Green's A chart of North and South America, including the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, with the nearest coasts of Europe, Africa and Asia. Shows nautical exploration routes. Includes text, historical and geographical notes, and tables of comparative astronomical observations.","Sheet five of Green's A chart of North and South America, including the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, with the nearest coasts of Europe, Africa and Asia. Shows nautical exploration routes.Includes text, historical and geographical notes, and tables of comparative astronomical observations.","Sheet six of Green's A chart of North and South America, including the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, with the nearest coasts of Europe, Africa and Asia. Shows nautical exploration routes. Includes text, historical and geographical notes, and tables of comparative astronomical observations.","Sheet four of Green's A chart of North and South America, including the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, with the nearest coasts of Europe, Africa and Asia. Shows nautical exploration routes. Includes text, historical and geographical notes, and tables of comparative astronomical observations.","Highlighted on this fine topographic map of Boston and vicinity are the British and American troops. The American troops are colored red -- the first corps in Cambridge, the second corps opposite Charlestown neck, and the third corps near Roxbury. Among the many strategic topographic features so excellently rendered on this map is Dorchester Heights, which appears devoid of British defensive forces. This serious tactical error was ultimately recognized by General Washington, who occupied the Heights and forced the British to withdraw from the city on March 17, 1776. A note on the map reveals that it is based on an original plan of the siege drawn by order of the British government. Interestingly, the British fortifications on Boston Neck and Castle William Island are greatly exaggerated.","Campaign headquarters map showing military features and events in the New York area from June to November 1776.","This general map of the Americas, produced in Paris in 1788, depicts the political divisions in North America just after the Treaty of Paris was signed in 1783. The Treaty effectively ended the American Revolutionary War. The United States is comprised of land east of the Mississippi River, while Great Britain controls Canada and Spain controls Louisiana, Mexico, Florida and western North America. Also depicted is a large inset of the Canadian Arctic, and another two insets of Caribbean islands, in addition to an elaborately illustrated cartouche.","Map of the Americas designed to show the political divisions in North America immediately following the Treaty of Paris. Relief shown pictorially. Insets: Supplement pour le Nord de L'Amerique ; Isle de la Martinique ; Isle St. Domingue. Elaborate cartouche in lower left.","Michel Capitaine du Chesnoy, the Marquis de Lafayette's map maker, drew this map following the Battle of Monmouth Court House in northeastern New Jersey. After confusion surrounding the Continental Army's orders, the soldiers prevented the British troops from advancing. The battle occurred on a hot June day and hundreds of soldiers died of heatstroke. Women, who came to be referred to collectively as \"Molly Pitcher,\" supported the American troops by bringing water to cool the men and their guns. Although the battle ended inconclusively, it was a turning point for the professionalization of the American army as volunteer French and German military officers provided training.","This rare map was issued just months after Cornwallis' defeat in Yorktown, Va. The copy displayed here, complete with inset plan of the battle of Yorktown and an elaborate cartouche, is the second state of the map. An additional inset in the lower right depicts the colonies from Massachusetts to Delaware, and illustrates the geography upon which Washington and Rochambeau's armies marched on the way to Yorktown. This map conveys the importance of France's assistance to the Americans during the War.","German woodcut of the siege of Charleston, South Carolina in May 1780. The depiction of Charleston is imaginary. Donnhaeuser lacked a view of Charleston so he modified a pre-existing view of an unidentified German city to show the siege. Text describing the siege on verso, titled Nachricht von der belagerung und einnahme der stadt und hafens Charlestown in America.","One of the preferred routes that captains and navigators sailing from America to England learned to use was the Gulf Stream, a strong, warm current that flows north along the Atlantic coast and then east toward Europe. Initially charted by Benjamin Franklin in 1768, this discovery helped ships minimize travel time across the ocean, speeding up the transatlantic voyage for travelers, merchants, and goods. Franklin purchased this 1785 chart, a French adaptation of his original findings, when he served in Paris as a diplomat for the United States during the early years of the republic","Displayed here is the second state of J.B. Eliot's map of the newly formed republic, produced in 1778. This map closely resembles Louis Brion de la Tour's \"Carte du théatre de la guerre entre les Anglais et les Américans\" in appearance. Eliot's map is one of the first to recognize the name of the newly formed United States, \"Etats Unis,\" as seen by the inclusion of the phrase in the title cartouche, referring to Eliot's title of U.S. Engineer under his name. In this regard, Eliot's map is related to another map recognizing the newly named United States, namely Vaugondy's \"Carte du Canada et des Etats-Unis de l'Amérique Septentrionale.\" Both maps were published in 1778, and both incorporate the phrase \"Etats Unis\" in their title cartouches, however, it is unclear which map was actually produced first.","Bernard Ratzer, a Lieutenant in the Royal Artillery, prepared a survey of New Jersey in 1769 to assist the Boundary Commission in settling a long standing boundary dispute between the states of New York and New Jersey. London mapmaker William Faden published Ratzer's survey as a finished map in 1777 in his North American Atlas. Published during the American Revolution, the map depicts the area known to George Washington before the Battle of Monmouth, and shows the fortification at Valley Forge. Despite having several errors of location, the map is finely executed, and contains an elaborate cartouche of a farmhouse with landscape in the upper left corner. Displayed here is the first English edition of the map. A French derivative of this map by Georges-Louis LeRouge may be viewed online at: http://maps.bpl.org/id/rb15252.","This rare and unique map was produced by inventor and amateur mapmaker John Fitch, in an attempt to raise funds to support his newly invented steamboat. Fitch made and engraved the map himself, and printed it in Philadelphia on a cider press. Unfortunately for Fitch, the map never sold well, and the geography displayed on the map was well out-of-date by the time the Old Northwest was settled after being released from British and Native American control.","Ink and watercolor manuscript view from Boston looking southeast towards Dorchester and Castle Island. Shows British soldiers and parts of the encampment and town.","Pencil manuscript view of the Charles River.","Four views of the siege of Gibraltar. Includes \"La premiere representation de les X batteries flottantes\" ; \"Seconde representation des batteries flottantes\" ; \"Se general elliot recu les vivres et munitions de l'angleterre\" ; \"Prospect der IV blate von Gibraltar\".","The map depicts the opening of the British Southern offensive of 1778.","This rare map of New Hampshire was prepared from surveys by Samuel Holland - famed engineer who entered British service during the French and Indian War (1754-1763). The map depicts New Hampshire in great detail, illustrating rivers, streams, lakes, elevations, township boundaries, roads, and structures. Two great arcs delineate the boundary of a parcel known as \"Mason's Curve.\" The parcel, owned by John Mason (1586-1635), was originally located between the Merrimack and Kennebeck Rivers, however in 1748 was sold by one of Mason's descendants to twelve investors from Portsmouth. It is believed these investors commissioned the surveys in 1768-69 to more accurately locate the boundary of the landholding.","Subject: ships on the Saint Lawrence River with a rowboats full of troops disembarking below cliffs; battle in progress on heights above river.","Produced for the French Navy, the rare chart displayed here was the best available chart of this region for the time, and was used by all naval forces involved in combat during the American Revolutionary War. The information on this very detailed chart was based primarily on the work of American Anthony Smith, a local Chesapeake Bay pilot of St. Mary's County. The chart was consulted by Admiral de Grasse in his victory over the British off the Chesapeake Capes on September 5, 1781.","Color manuscript map by Kosciuszko showing encampments and military positions in the battles of Saratoga.","Colored manuscript map of the 1758 siege of Louisbourg showing ships, troop positions, camps and batteries. Includes references to points of interest, notes and description of the English fleet.","Colored manuscript map of the 1758 siege of Louisbourg showing ships, troop positions, and batteries. Includes references to points of interest. Oriented with north to the upper right. Colored manuscript map of Cape Breton Island showing fortifications and batteries. Includes a table listing troop distribution, references to points of interest, and notes.","Displayed here is the first state of Lattre's plan of Boston. The plan here was also separately issued. Describing Boston in the years before the American Revolutionary war, the plan includes information on shoals, soundings in the harbor, and the surrounding countryside. Lattre was the Royal Engraver to Louis XVI from 1776 to 1782, and is most famous for his \"Carte des Etats-Unis ...,\" also in the Richard H. Brown collection.","Pencil manuscript view of the ruins of Charlestown after the Battle of Bunker Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","2 sheets.  Ink and watercolor manuscript map and key. Map shows fortifications and rough features of the peninsula of Boston. Key indicates the order of battle of British troops. The disposition of troops on July 17th, 1775 was possibly intended to be added to the map.","This rare map depicts Long Island, New York City, and the Connecticut coastline north to Stonington Bay. Muller took the geography on this map directly from Thomas Jeffery's 1755 map titled \"A Map of the Most Inhabited Part of New England ...\" The copy displayed here was most likely issued separately from its original pamphlet, and may have been bound unfolded into a folio composite atlas produced during the American Revolutionary War era.","Moses Park, a surveyor from Preston, Connecticut, executed this map in 1766 with the assistance of Asa Spaulding of Norwalk and Samuel Mott of Preston. Displayed here is the second state of the map, which differs from the first state in the collection of the Clements Library at the University of Michigan. In this state, an \"e\" has been added to the name of Shelburne, and \"Connecticut R.\" is seen on the bend of the river above Hadham. Other locational changes have been made in this state as well.","Shows the boundaries established by the preliminary Treaty of Peace, signed 30 November 1782, and published prior to the signing of the formal Treaty on 3 September 1783. Includes a detailed plan of the Siege of Yorktown.","The map displayed here is an unrecorded version of a German broadside known only at the Library of Congress. This state is unique in that it was sold by a different person, and there are differences in the text portion of the broadside. It is a variant state of LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 142.","Shows the east coast from the Gulf of the St. Lawrence to the Carolinas, and the interior as far west as the Mississippi Valley. Displayed here is the first state of the map, lacking the inset of Fort Frederick.","The plan displayed here depicts the Siege of Charleston, S.C., conducted by the British forces in early 1780. In February 1780, British General Henry Clinton's army arrived thirty miles south of Charleston, and began their assault on the city, which was protected by an American force commanded by Gen. Benjamin Lincoln. The British took control of the sea, and effectively cut the American off from any support. This plan was produced for Tarleton's memoir \"A History of the Campaigns of 1780 and 1781, in the Southern Provinces of North America.\" The plan was produced on very heavy laid paper, and does not present any folds or pagination. This plan may be a pre-publication proof or a presentation copy.","This general map of the Americas was produced by the firm of Vaugondy. Gilles Robert de Vaugondy was the leading French globemaker of the 18th century, and was appointed geographer to Louis XV in 1734. Like \"L'Amerique divise?e en ses principaux Etats\" by Lattre and Bonne from 1788, this map shows the new boundaries of North America as a result of the Treaty of Paris in 1783. The newly created United States, along with Spanish lands in the south are clearly delineated. This may be the fourth state of the map, however it is not listed in Pedley's \"Bel et Utile.\"","Shows territorial possessions in North America after the Treaty of Paris. Includes the satirical \"Theodolite's letter to the Botcher's Club in Monmouth Street.\" The open letter appears to praise the treaty and the 3rd Earl of Bute, who worked on the treaty, while actually pointing out the weaknesses of the territory gained. Theodolite, a scientific instrument used in surveying, likely represented Bute, who collected such instruments. Botchers were menders such as tailor and cobblers, and Monmouth Street was known for its second-hand shops. The letter was thus from Bute to those with mercantile interests or low connections as Bute?s peers disapproved of him and the treaty. The true author of the letter was likely Sayer or a colleague with similar political sentiments.","De Brahm concentrated his surveying efforts on the east coast of Florida, from St. Augustine south to the Keys. This chart of the southern tip of east Florida was included in the English edition of The Atlantic Pilot, along with a chart of the Gulf Stream and a map of the ancient Florida peninsula. De Brahm's meticulous hydrographic survey work is evident in this chart, with its numerous soundings, outlines of shoals, and inclusion of anchoring places. These surveys were eventually used by Des Barres, and the information was included on the charts which make up The Atlantic Neptune.","Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Jefferys \u0026 Faden  (London, England)","Robert Sayer and John Bennett (Firm)","Covens et Mortier et Covens, junior","Iaegernsche Buchhandlung","Rocque (M. A.) (Firm)","Mondhare (Firm)","Esnauts et Rapilly","American Philosophical Society","Iagernschen Buchhandlung","Kaiserlich Franciscische Akademie der Freien Künste und Wissenschaften","Homann Erben (Firm)","France. Ingénieurs de l'Armée","Hôtel de Soubise (Paris, France)","Basset (Firm)","Society of Anti-Gallicans","Faden, William, 1749-1836","Korn, Christoph Heinrich, 1726-1783","Simcoe, John Graves, 1752-1806","Heiden, Christian Friedrich von der","Keulen, Gerard van (1678-1726)","Jefferys, Thomas, -1771","Green, John, -1757","Page, Thomas Hyde, Sir, 1746-1821","Blaskowitz, Charles","Montrésor, John, 1736-1799","Hills, John, active 1777-1819","Holland, Samuel, 1728-1801","Bauman, Sebastian","Blamey, Jacob","Werner, S. W.","Barber, J.","Hawkes, W.","De Brahm, John Gerar William, 1717-approximately 1799","Bull, William, 1710-1791","Collet, John (John Abraham)","Bayly, J.","Hooper, S. (Samuel)","Wallis, John, 1714-1793","Le Rouge, Georges-Louis","Vallancey, Charles (Charles Vallancey), 1721-1812","Klockhoff, H. (Hendrik)","Des Barres, Joseph F. W. (Joseph Frederick Wallet), 1729-1824","Wilkinson, William Cumberland","Serres, Dominic, 1719-1793","Ozanne, Pierre, 1737-1813","Robert de Vaugondy, Gilles, 1688-1766","Fortin, J. (Jean), 1740-1817","Mitchell, John, 1711-1768","Millar, Andrew, 1705-1768","Kitchin, Thomas, 1718-1784","Phelipeau, René, active 1748-1784","Cornwallis, Charles Cornwallis, Marquis, 1738-1805","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Rochambeau, Jean-Baptiste-Donatien de Vimeur, comte de, 1725-1807","Jaeger, Johann Christian","Berndt, Johann Christian, 1748-1812","Sayer, Robert, 1725-1794","Ravell, Anthony, 1675-1727","Delarochette, L. (Louis), 1731-1802","Beaurain, Jean de, 1696-1771","Croisey, P.","Blanchard, Joseph, -1758","Langdon, Samuel, 1723-1797","Townshend, Charles, 1725-1767","Blodget, Samuel, 1724-1807","Bonne, Rigobert, 1727-1794","Lattré, Jean","Bowles, Carington, 1724-1793","Brion de la Tour, Louis, 1743-1803","Desnos, Louis-Charles, 1725-1805","Jaillot, Alexis Hubert, 1632?-1712","Byres, John","Bayly, John Abraham, active 1755-1794","Capitaine du Chesnoy, Michel, 1746-1804","Perrier, active 1760-1824","Bowles, John, 1701-1779","Howdell, Thomas (1747-1771)","Canot, Pierre Charles, 1710-1777","Denis, Louis, 1725-1794","Donnhäuser, Johann David, 1752-1789","Dumas, Mathieu, comte, 1753-1837","Rocque, John, -1762","Durnford, Desmaretz, -1782","Franklin, Benjamin, 1706-1790","Easburn, Benjamin","André, Peter","Eliot, J. B.","Eynon, R.","Ratzer, Bernard","Bancker, Gerard, 1740-1799","Sauthier, Claude Joseph","Fisher, Thomas, 1741-1810","Smither, James","Fitch, John, 1743-1798","Fry, Joshua, approximately 1700-1754","Jefferson, Peter, 1708-1757","Gage, Thomas, 1721-1787","Aitken, Robert, 1735-1802","Gascoigne, John","Gerlach, P., Deputy Quarter Master General","Grasse, François Joseph Paul de Grasse, comte de, 1722-1788","Graves, Thomas Graves, 1725?-1802","Williams, Richard, -1776","Will, Johann Martin, 1727-1806","Grevingen, F. de","Maugein, Charles","Rolffsen, F. N., approximately 1719-1802","Zell, J. M.","Bergmiller (Engraver)","Winckler, Jean Benoit","Archibald, Campbell, Lieut. Col. 71st Regt.","Berger, Daniel","Cheevers, T.","Imbert, J. Leopold","Anville, Jean Baptiste Bourguignon d', 1697-1782","Kilian, Georg Christoph, 1709-1781","Lodge, John, -1796","Scull, Nicholas, 1686?-1761?","Heap, George, active 1715-1760","Smyth, Hervey, 1734-1811","Benazech, Peter (Peter Paul), 1730?-1798","Sandby, Paul, 1731-1809","Swain, Francis, active 1740-1782","Smith, Anthony, pilot of St. Marys","Stobo, Robert, 1726-1770","Kościuszko, Tadeusz, 1746-1817","Lartigue, Pierre-Jerome, 1729-1772","Rigaudiere, Chevalier","Leach, J.","Lotter, Matthäus Albrecht, 1741-1810","Moithey, Maurille Antoine, 1732-1805","Andrews, Peter, active 1765-1782","Müller, J. C. (Johann Carl)","Orme, Robert, -1781","Moses, Park, active 1766-","Lansdowne, William Petty, Marquis of, 1737-1805","Nolin, Jean Baptiste, 1686-1762","Pingeling, T. A. (Thomas Albrecht), 1727-1803","Ritter, F. C.","Rapin de Thoyras, M. (Paul), 1661-1725","Tindal, N. (Nicholas), 1687-1774","Rhode, Johann Christoph, 1713-1786","Berger, Friedrich Gottlieb, 1713-","Herbert, William","Tarleton, Lieutenant-General (Banastre), 1754-1833","Delamarche, Charles François, 1740-1817","Burgoyne, John, 1722-1792","Halifax, George Montagu-Dunk, Earl of, 1716-1771","Romans, Bernard, 1741?-approximately 1784","Hancock, John, 1737-1793","Andrews, John, 1736-1809","Harris, John, 1756-1846","Braddock, Edward, 1695?-1755","De Foligne, M., Lieutenant du Frigate du Roi","Berthier, Louis-Alexandre, 1753-1815","Harmar, Josiah, 1753-1813","Gibson, J. (John), active 1750-1792","English \n,        French \n,        German \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["2019.SC.034","/repositories/3/resources/74"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection"],"repository_ssm":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- History -- Revolution, 1775-1783"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- History -- Revolution, 1775-1783"],"creator_ssm":["Faden, William, 1749-1836","Korn, Christoph Heinrich, 1726-1783","Simcoe, John Graves, 1752-1806","Heiden, Christian Friedrich von der","Keulen, Gerard van (1678-1726)"],"creator_ssim":["Faden, William, 1749-1836","Korn, Christoph Heinrich, 1726-1783","Simcoe, John Graves, 1752-1806","Heiden, Christian Friedrich von der","Keulen, Gerard van (1678-1726)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Faden, William, 1749-1836","Korn, Christoph Heinrich, 1726-1783","Simcoe, John Graves, 1752-1806","Heiden, Christian Friedrich von der","Keulen, Gerard van (1678-1726)"],"creators_ssim":["Faden, William, 1749-1836","Korn, Christoph Heinrich, 1726-1783","Simcoe, John Graves, 1752-1806","Heiden, Christian Friedrich von der","Keulen, Gerard van (1678-1726)"],"places_ssim":["United States -- History -- Revolution, 1775-1783"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Maps (documents)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Maps (documents)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["50 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["50 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Maps (documents)"],"date_range_isim":[1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clegalstatus id=\"aspace_b90406ad3efdaf42b8e6aef1e75cd3e9\"\u003eClient reference #104; WAG #289263; IL# 2020-IL-001-083\n\u003c/legalstatus\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.","Client reference #104; WAG #289263; IL# 2020-IL-001-083\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEnglish manuscript map showing Mud Island Fort and artillery batteries in the surrounding area.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Description"],"bioghist_tesim":["English manuscript map showing Mud Island Fort and artillery batteries in the surrounding area."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eClient reference #21; WAG #289150\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan, 31 March 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #20; WAG #289148\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway, 10 February 1991.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 7 April 1995.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #18; WAG #289146\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference 17;\t WAG 289144\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Arkway, 8 February 1994.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient Reference # 13 ; WAG # 289139\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #22; WAG #289151\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan, 26 September 1991.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #26; WAG #289159\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Arkway, 17 December 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #27; WAG #289162\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMcGowan Book Company, 25 July 1994.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #30; WAG #289166\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan, 26 September 1991.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #32; WAG #289170\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan, 8 November 1991.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #33; WAG #289171\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway, 7 February 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient Reference # 15 ; WAG # 289142\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoston Rare Maps ; Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 2 February 1998\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference # 12 ; WAG# 289136\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLibraire Le Bail, Paris, 5 January 2010\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference 38; WAG #289177\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 9 December 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #42; WAG #289184\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 25 April 1994.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #43; WAG #289187\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway, 10 September 1997.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #51; WAG #289200\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 21 December 1993.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #59; WAG #289214\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 24 June 1993.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #63; WAG #289220\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 17 December 2003.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #64; WAG #289222\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 17 December 2003.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #71; WAG #289231\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Arkway, 16 May 1997.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #75; WAG #289235\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 27 June 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #61; WAG #289217\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 18 March 1993.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #82; WAG # 289242\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Arkway, 10 Mar 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #86; WAG #289246\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 9 January 2001.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient #88; WAG #289248\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 27 June 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient Reference # 89 ; WAG # 289249\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan, 7 September 1995.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #90; WAG #289250\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 22 April 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #91; WAG #289251\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Arkway, 17 December 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #99; WAG #289258\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 19 April 1993.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient references #103; WAG #289262\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHigh Ridge Books, 20 April 1995.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #108; WAG #289267\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLibraire Ancienne des Trois Islets, 8 April 2011.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #110; WAG #289269\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 14 June 1995.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #118; WAG #289276\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan LLC, 12 September 1997.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #138; WAG #289288\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro, 19 June 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #141; WAG #289291\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway, 17 December 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #160; WAG #289300\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Arkway, 8 February 1994.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #198; WAG #289311\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Arkway, 26 September 1991.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #279; WAG #289329\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway, 14 September 1994.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #281; WAG #289331\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 8 May 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #282; WAG #289332\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway, 20 January 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #250;l WAG #289348\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePurchased Sotheby's December 11, 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #269; WAG #289349\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #270; WAG #289349\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #271; WAG #289349\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient #272; WAG #289349\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #261; WAG #289349\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #262; WAG #289349\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #263; WAG #289349\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference # 264 ; WAG# 289349\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #265; WAG #289349\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #266; WAG #289349\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #267; WAG #289349\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #268; WAG #289349\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #303\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #304\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #306\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #307.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #305\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient Ref: B33 ; WAG# 289344; IL# 2020-IL-001-021\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #67; WAG #289227; IL# 2020-IL-001-043\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #19; WAG #289147\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway, 10 February 1997.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #114; WAG #289273; IL# 2020-IL-001-045\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoston Rare Maps, 2 November 2011.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #230; WAG #289315; IL# 2020-IL-001-046\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC (purchase at Christie's 2607 sale on 7 December 2012), 2 January 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #145; WAG #13773/289295; IL# 2020-IL-001-047\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArader Galleries, 8 November 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #117; WAG #289275; IL# 2020-IL-001-048\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSothebys, 5 December 2005.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #29; WAG #289163; IL# 2020-IL-001-049\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Philadelphia Print Shop LTD., 13 December 2003.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #111; WAG #289270; IL# 2020-IL-001-050\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 7 April 2008.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #254; WAG #289325\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro, 19 June 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #161; WAG #289301; IL# 2020-IL-001-052\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCogen \u0026amp; Taliaferro, 19 June 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #172; WAG #289307; IL# 2020-IL-001-053\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJonathan Potter Limited, 9 March 2009.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #96; WAG #289256; IL# 2020-IL-001-054\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway, Inc., 23 February 2004.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #167; WAG #289302; IL# 2020-IL-001-055\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 14 April 2005.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #171; WAG #289306; IL# 2020-IL-001-056\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJonathan Potter Limited, 27 September 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #124; WAG #289343; IL# 2020-IL-001-057\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 22 May 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #125; WAG #289343; IL# 2020-IL-001-058\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 22 May 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #126; WAG #289343; IL# 2020-IL-001-059\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 22 May 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #127; WAG #289343; IL# 2020-IL-001-060\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 22 May 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #245; WAG #289320; IL# 2020-IL-001-061\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNortheast Auctions, Portsmouth NH, 17 August 2014.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #143; WAG #289293\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 21 July 1995.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #45; WAG #289190; IL# 2020-IL-001-063\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJonathan Potter Limited, 9 July 2004.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #123; WAG #289281; IL# 2020-IL-001-064\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 22 May 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #253; WAG #289324; IL# 2020-IL-001-095\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 12 February 2003.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #9; WAG #289354\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFour of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps, 5 Jul 2011.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #54; WAG #289204; IL# 2020-IL-001-065\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 27 June 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #149; WAG #289297; IL# 2020-IL-001-066\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 14 April 2005.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #246, 247; WAG #289347; IL# 2020-IL-001-067\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 13 April 2015.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #184; WAG #289309; IL# 2020-IL-001-068\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 6 May 2009.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #36; WAG #289175; IL #2020-IL-001-069\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 22 February 2008.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #25; WAG #289158; IL# 2020-IL-001-070\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoston Rare Maps, 20 November 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #199; WAG #289312\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Arkway, 10 December 1991.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #41; WAG #289418; IL# 2020-IL-001-072\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway, 14 September 1994.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #95; WAG #289255; IL# 2020-IL-001-073\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 11 March 2005.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #73; WAG #289233; IL# 2020-IL-001-074\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 29 March 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #85; WAG #289245; IL# 2020-IL-001-075\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC (purchase at Sotheby's 8211 sale lot 216 on 15 June 2006), 19 June 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #81; WAG #289241; IL# 2020-IL-001-076\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Philadelphia Print Shop LTD., 7 November 1991.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #55; WAG #289206; IL# 2020-IL-001-077\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Philadelphia Print Shop LTD., 27 June 1991.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #56; WAG #289208; IL# 2020-IL-001-078\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Arkway, 17 December 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #121; WAG #289279\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 14 January 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #52; WAG #289201; IL# 2020-IL-001-080\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Philadelphia Print Shop LTD., 17 September 1990.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #48; WAG #289195\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan, 8 November 1991.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #275; WAG #289327\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 6 January 1994.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Arkway, 26 July 2004.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #140; WAG #289290\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 16 December 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #255; WAG #289326\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 4 March 1993.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #280; WAG #289330\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 16 May 1997.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #113; WAG #289272; IL# 2020-IL-001-087\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 22 February 2008.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoston Rare Maps, 20 November 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #84; WAG #289244; IL# 2020-IL-001-089\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 5 December 2001.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #57; WAG #289210\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Arkway, 17 December 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient # 107; WAG #289266; IL# 2020-IL-001-182\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC (bought at Swann Auction sale 2074 on 30 March 2006), 3 April 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWAG #289358\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWAG #289358\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #98; WAG #289257; IL# 2020-IL-001-183\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway, Inc. 30 November 2004.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #148; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-184\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #150; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-185\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #151; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-186\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #152; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-187\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #153; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-188\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #154; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-189\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference 3 add ; WAG# 289351; IL# 2020-IL-001-210x\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoston Rare Maps, 26 June 2018 (revised 13 July 2018)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #155; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-190\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #156; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-191\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #157; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-192\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWAG #289345\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWAG #289345\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #130; WAG #289283\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 27 May 1993.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #79; WAG #289239; IL# 2020-IL-001-092\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 7 July 2010.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #101; WAG #289260; IL# 2020-IL-001-093\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway, Inc. 30 November 2004.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #252; WAG #289323; IL# 2020-IL-001-094\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 12 February 2003.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #173; WAG #289308\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBonhams, 2 December 2010.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #77; WAG #289237; 2020-IL-001-097\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eH.P. Kraus, 7 July 1997.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #158; WAG #289298; IL# 2020-IL-001-098\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #44; WAG #289188\nPrevious IL #: 2020-IL-001-099\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 8 February 2008.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #46; WAG #289193; Previous IL# 2020-IL-001-100\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #162; WAG #289346; IL# 2020-IL-001-101\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Arkway, 13 July 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #11; WAG #289354\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFour of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps, 5 Jul 2011.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #163; WAG #289346; IL# 2020-IL-001-102\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Arkway, 13 July 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #164; WAG #289346; IL# 2020-IL-001-103\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Arkway, 13 July 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #5; WAG #289354\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFour of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps, 5 Jul 2011.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #283; WAG #289417\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 7 July 1994.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #277; WAG #289328; IL# 2020-IL-001-170\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Philadelphia Print Shop LTD., 1 September 1995.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #106; WAG #289265; IL# 2020-IL-001-171\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Reese Company, 25 March 2008.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #119; WAG #289277; IL# 2020-IL-001-172\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway, 19 June 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #169; WAG #289304; IL# 2020-IL-001-173\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 5 June 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #170; WAG #289305\nPrevious IL #: 2020-IL-001-174\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 19 December 2005.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #201; WAG #289314; IL# 2020-IL-001-175\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoston Rare Maps, 25 September 2012.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #100; WAG #289259; IL# 2020-IL-001-176\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway, Inc. 30 November 2004.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #58; WAG #289213; IL# 2020-IL-001-177\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Reese Company, 11 April 2011.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #165; WAG #289346; IL# 2020-IL-001-104\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Arkway, 13 July 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #166; WAG #289346; IL# 2020-IL-001-105\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Arkway, 13 July 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #284; WAG #289346; IL# 2020-IL-001-106\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Arkway, 13 July 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #231; WAG #289316; IL# 2020-IL-001-107\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoston Rare Maps, 23 May 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #234; WAG #289319; IL# 2020-IL-001-108\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSotheby's, 5 December 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #232; WAG #289319\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSotheby's New York, 11 June 2013, lot #83.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #40; WAG #289181; IL# 2020-IL-001-110\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoston Rare Maps, 27 September 2012.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #197; WAG #289310; IL# 2020-IL-001-111\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 2 March 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #65; WAG #289224; IL# 2020-IL-001-112\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShapero Rare Books, 4 April 2010.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWAG #289358\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWAG #289358\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWAG #289358\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWAG #289358\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWAG #289358\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWAG #289358\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWAG #289358\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWAG #289358\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWAG #289358\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWAG #289358\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWAG #289358\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWAG #289358\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlexander Gallery, 27 January 2014. Charles Bigelow (b. 1884) of Boston, by direct descent to his grand daughter\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #60; WAG #289216; IL# 2020-IL-001-113\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 23 October 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #105; WAG #289264; IL# 2020-IL-001-114\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 8 July 2011.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #70; WAG #289230; IL# 2020-IL-001-115\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 26 June 2008.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #76; WAG #289236; IL# 2020-IL-001-116\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 27 June 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #68; WAG #289228; IL# 2020-IL-001-117\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBernard Shapero Rare Books, 2 May 2008.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #37; WAG #289176; IL# 2020-IL-001-118\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #134; WAG #289284\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Old Print Gallery, 3 May 1991.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #147; WAG #289344; IL# 2020-IL-001-120\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSotheby's New York, 1 December 2005.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #39; WAG #289179; IL# 2020-IL-001-121\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 28 June 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #109; WAG #289268; IL# 2020-IL-001-122\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway, 25 October 1995.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #122; WAG #289280; IL# 2020-IL-001-123\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 1 June 2005.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #74; WAG #289234; IL# 2020-IL-001-124\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Arkway, 17 December 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #14; WAG #289140\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 14 June 1995.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #50; WAG #289199; IL# 2020-IL-001-126\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 15 November 2002.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003elient reference #120; WAG #289278; IL# 2020-IL-001-127\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway, 19 June 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #102; WAG #289261; IL# 2020-IL-001-128\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 22 February 2010.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #291; WAG #289350; IL# 2020-IL-001-129\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Reese Co, 7 April 2014.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePreviously owned by \"Charles R. Sanders Jr of Halifax County Virginia\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #292; WAG #289350; IL# 2020-IL-001-130\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Reese Co, 7 April 2014.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePreviously owned by \"Charles R. Sanders Jr of Halifax County Virginia\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #293; WAG #289350; IL# 2020-IL-001-131\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Reese Co, 7 April 2014.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePreviously owned by \"Charles R. Sanders Jr of Halifax County Virginia\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #294; WAG #289350; IL# 2020-IL-001-132\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Reese Co, 7 April 2014.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePreviously owned by \"Charles R. Sanders Jr of Halifax County Virginia\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #295; WAG #289350; IL# 2020-IL-001-133\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Reese Co, 7 April 2014.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePreviously owned by \"Charles R. Sanders Jr of Halifax County Virginia\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #296; WAG #289350; IL# 2020-IL-001-134\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Reese Co, 7 April 2014.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePreviously owned by \"Charles R. Sanders Jr of Halifax County Virginia\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #128; WAG #289282; IL# 2020-IL-001-135\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArader Galleries, 23 November 2003.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #249; WAG #289322; IL# 2020-IL-001-136\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen and Taliaferro LLC, 5 June 2014.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #93; WAG #289253; IL# 2020-IL-001-137\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 10 May 2004.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #24; WAG #289156\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoston Rare Maps, 6 March 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #146; WAG #289296\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 14 January 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #168; WAG #289303; IL# 2020-IL-001-140\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClive A. Burden, 11 May 2012, (from Sotheby's New York for client).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #69; WAG #289229\nPrevious IL #: 2020-IL-001-168\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClive Burden, 19 April 2011.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #78; WAG #289238; IL# 2020-IL-001-156\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 19 December 2005.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #83; WAG #289243\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 7 September 1995.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #66; WAG #289226; IL# 2020-IL-001-179\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoston Rare Maps, 30 May 2008.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #62; WAG #289218; IL# 2020-IL-001-180\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan, 24 June 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJonathan Potter Limited, 18 December 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #135; WAG #289285\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #80; WAG #289240\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 14 June 1995.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #112; WAG #289271; IL# 2020-IL-001-142\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 13 May 2004.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003elient reference #159; WAG #289299; IL# 2020-IL-001-143\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 7 April 2008.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003elient reference #53; WAG #289203; IL# 2020-IL-001-144\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArader Galleries, 8 November 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #72; WAG #289232; IL# 2020-IL-001-145\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 11 October 2005.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #139; WAG #289289; IL# 2020-IL-001-146\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 22 April 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #94; WAG #289254; IL# 2020-IL-001-147\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 24 April 2001.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #115; WAG #289274\nPrevious IL #: 2020-IL-001-148\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Arkway, 19 June 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #136; WAG #289286\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 10 March 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #137; WAG #289287\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 10 March 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #233; WAG #289318; IL# 2020-IL-001-151\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSwann Auction Galleries, 10 October 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #142; WAG #289292; IL# 2020-IL-001-152\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSwann Galleries, New York, 2 June 2011.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #31; WAG #289168\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHigh Ridge Books Inc., 20 March 1991.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #49; WAG #289197\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 18 January 1993.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #92; WAG #289252\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan, 26 September 1991.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003elient reference #248; WAG #289321; IL# 2020-IL-001-157\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDaniel Crouch Rare Books, 15 April 2015.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #144; WAG #289294; IL# 2020-IL-001-158\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArader Galleries, 8 November 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference#10; WAG #289354\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFour of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps, 5 Jul 2011.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #7; WAG #289354\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFour of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps 5 Jul 2011.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #34; WAG #289173; IL# 2020-IL-001-161\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway, 19 June 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #23; WAG #289154; IL# 2020-IL-001-162\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJonathan Potter Limited, 29 November 2005.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #6; WAG #289354\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFour of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps, 5 Jul 2011.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #8; WAG #289354\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFour of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps, 5 Jul 2011.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #B39; WAG #289180; IL# 2020-IL-001-193x\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeorge S. MacManus Co. (bought at Sotheby's New York 1 December 2005), 5 December 2005. William Guthman Collection of Manuscript, Printed, and Graphic Americana\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #8ADD; WAG #289356; IL# 2020-IL-001-194x\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoston Rare Maps, 12 March 2014.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #4 ADD; WAG #289352; IL# 2020-IL-001-195x\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan \u0026amp; Augustyn Inc., 31 May 2018.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #297; WAG #289333; IL# 2020-IL-001-205x\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRouillac, 13 June 2016.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #1 ADD, 2 ADD; WAG #289342; IL#  2020-IL-001-206x\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap: Christie's, 5 December 2017, lot 8.  Provenance: François-Jean de Beauvoir, Marquis de Chastellux (1734 -1788)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #7 ADD; WAG #289357\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChristie's New York, 19 June 2014.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #5 ADD; WAG #289353; IL# 2020-IL-001-207x\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoston Rare Maps, 14 June 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003elient reference #6 ADD; WAG #289355; IL# 2020-IL-001-208x\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBarry Ruderman (purchased at Bonhams Germany), 14 April 2015.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient Ref # B45 ; WAG # 289191\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient Ref # B45 ; WAG # 289191\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient Ref # B45 ; WAG # 289191\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2020-IL-001-122b\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #43B; OCLC number 62820410; WAG # 13773/289186; IL# 2020-IL-001-213x\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference 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numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Reference numbers","Reference numbers","Reference numbers","Reference numbers","Reference numbers","Reference numbers","Reference numbers","Reference numbers","Reference numbers","Reference numbers","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","provenance","Reference 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numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","provenance","provenance ","provenance","Custodial History","Reference numbers"],"custodhist_tesim":["Client reference #21; WAG #289150","Martayan Lan, 31 March 1992.","Client reference #20; WAG #289148","Richard B. Arkway, 10 February 1991.","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 7 April 1995.","Client reference #18; WAG #289146","Client reference 17;\t WAG 289144","Richard Arkway, 8 February 1994.","Client Reference # 13 ; WAG # 289139","Client reference #22; WAG #289151","Martayan Lan, 26 September 1991.","Client reference #26; WAG #289159","Richard Arkway, 17 December 1996.","Client reference #27; WAG #289162","McGowan Book Company, 25 July 1994.","Client reference #30; WAG #289166","Martayan Lan, 26 September 1991.","Client reference #32; WAG #289170","Martayan Lan, 8 November 1991.","Client reference #33; WAG #289171","Richard B. Arkway, 7 February 1996.","Client Reference # 15 ; WAG # 289142","Boston Rare Maps ; Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 2 February 1998","Client reference # 12 ; WAG# 289136","Libraire Le Bail, Paris, 5 January 2010","Client reference 38; WAG #289177","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 9 December 1999.","Client reference #42; WAG #289184","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 25 April 1994.","Client reference #43; WAG #289187","Richard B. Arkway, 10 September 1997.","Client reference #51; WAG #289200","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 21 December 1993.","Client reference #59; WAG #289214","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 24 June 1993.","Client reference #63; WAG #289220","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 17 December 2003.","Client reference #64; WAG #289222","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 17 December 2003.","Client reference #71; WAG #289231","Richard Arkway, 16 May 1997.","Client reference #75; WAG #289235","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 27 June 1996.","Client reference #61; WAG #289217","Marayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 18 March 1993.","Client reference #82; WAG # 289242","Richard Arkway, 10 Mar 1992.","Client reference #86; WAG #289246","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 9 January 2001.","Client #88; WAG #289248","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 27 June 1996.","Client Reference # 89 ; WAG # 289249","Martayan Lan, 7 September 1995.","Client reference #90; WAG #289250","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 22 April 1992.","Client reference #91; WAG #289251","Richard Arkway, 17 December 1996.","Client reference #99; WAG #289258","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 19 April 1993.","Client references #103; WAG #289262","High Ridge Books, 20 April 1995.","Client reference #108; WAG #289267","Libraire Ancienne des Trois Islets, 8 April 2011.","Client reference #110; WAG #289269","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 14 June 1995.","Client reference #118; WAG #289276","Martayan Lan LLC, 12 September 1997.","Client reference #138; WAG #289288","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro, 19 June 2007.","Client reference #141; WAG #289291","Richard B. Arkway, 17 December 1996.","Client reference #160; WAG #289300","Richard Arkway, 8 February 1994.","Client reference #198; WAG #289311","Richard Arkway, 26 September 1991.","Client reference #279; WAG #289329","Richard B. Arkway, 14 September 1994.","Client reference #281; WAG #289331","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 8 May 1992.","Client reference #282; WAG #289332","Richard B. Arkway, 20 January 1999.","Client reference #250;l WAG #289348","Purchased Sotheby's December 11, 2007.","Client reference #269; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #270; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #271; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client #272; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #261; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #262; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #263; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference # 264 ; WAG# 289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #265; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #266; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #267; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #268; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #303","Client reference #304","Client reference #306","Client reference #307.","Client reference #305","Client Ref: B33 ; WAG# 289344; IL# 2020-IL-001-021","Client reference #67; WAG #289227; IL# 2020-IL-001-043","Client reference #19; WAG #289147","Richard B. Arkway, 10 February 1997.","Client reference #114; WAG #289273; IL# 2020-IL-001-045","Boston Rare Maps, 2 November 2011.","Client reference #230; WAG #289315; IL# 2020-IL-001-046","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (purchase at Christie's 2607 sale on 7 December 2012), 2 January 2013.","Client reference #145; WAG #13773/289295; IL# 2020-IL-001-047","Arader Galleries, 8 November 2006.","Client reference #117; WAG #289275; IL# 2020-IL-001-048","Sothebys, 5 December 2005.","Client reference #29; WAG #289163; IL# 2020-IL-001-049","The Philadelphia Print Shop LTD., 13 December 2003.","Client reference #111; WAG #289270; IL# 2020-IL-001-050","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 7 April 2008.","Client reference #254; WAG #289325","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro, 19 June 2007.","Client reference #161; WAG #289301; IL# 2020-IL-001-052","Cogen \u0026 Taliaferro, 19 June 2007.","Client reference #172; WAG #289307; IL# 2020-IL-001-053","Jonathan Potter Limited, 9 March 2009.","Client reference #96; WAG #289256; IL# 2020-IL-001-054","Richard B. Arkway, Inc., 23 February 2004.","Client reference #167; WAG #289302; IL# 2020-IL-001-055","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 14 April 2005.","Client reference #171; WAG #289306; IL# 2020-IL-001-056","Jonathan Potter Limited, 27 September 2007.","Client reference #124; WAG #289343; IL# 2020-IL-001-057","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 22 May 2007.","Client reference #125; WAG #289343; IL# 2020-IL-001-058","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 22 May 2007.","Client reference #126; WAG #289343; IL# 2020-IL-001-059","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 22 May 2007.","Client reference #127; WAG #289343; IL# 2020-IL-001-060","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 22 May 2007.","Client reference #245; WAG #289320; IL# 2020-IL-001-061","Northeast Auctions, Portsmouth NH, 17 August 2014.","Client reference #143; WAG #289293","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 21 July 1995.","Client reference #45; WAG #289190; IL# 2020-IL-001-063","Jonathan Potter Limited, 9 July 2004.","Client reference #123; WAG #289281; IL# 2020-IL-001-064","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 22 May 2007.","Client reference #253; WAG #289324; IL# 2020-IL-001-095","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 12 February 2003.","Client reference #9; WAG #289354","Four of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps, 5 Jul 2011.","Client reference #54; WAG #289204; IL# 2020-IL-001-065","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 27 June 1996.","Client reference #149; WAG #289297; IL# 2020-IL-001-066","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 14 April 2005.","Client reference #246, 247; WAG #289347; IL# 2020-IL-001-067","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 13 April 2015.","Client reference #184; WAG #289309; IL# 2020-IL-001-068","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 6 May 2009.","Client reference #36; WAG #289175; IL #2020-IL-001-069","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 22 February 2008.","Client reference #25; WAG #289158; IL# 2020-IL-001-070","Boston Rare Maps, 20 November 2007.","Client reference #199; WAG #289312","Richard Arkway, 10 December 1991.","Client reference #41; WAG #289418; IL# 2020-IL-001-072","Richard B. Arkway, 14 September 1994.","Client reference #95; WAG #289255; IL# 2020-IL-001-073","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 11 March 2005.","Client reference #73; WAG #289233; IL# 2020-IL-001-074","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 29 March 2006.","Client reference #85; WAG #289245; IL# 2020-IL-001-075","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (purchase at Sotheby's 8211 sale lot 216 on 15 June 2006), 19 June 2006.","Client reference #81; WAG #289241; IL# 2020-IL-001-076","The Philadelphia Print Shop LTD., 7 November 1991.","Client reference #55; WAG #289206; IL# 2020-IL-001-077","The Philadelphia Print Shop LTD., 27 June 1991.","Client reference #56; WAG #289208; IL# 2020-IL-001-078","Richard Arkway, 17 December 1996.","Client reference #121; WAG #289279","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 14 January 1999.","Client reference #52; WAG #289201; IL# 2020-IL-001-080","The Philadelphia Print Shop LTD., 17 September 1990.","Client reference #48; WAG #289195","Martayan Lan, 8 November 1991.","Client reference #275; WAG #289327","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 6 January 1994.","Richard Arkway, 26 July 2004.","Client reference #140; WAG #289290","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 16 December 1999.","Client reference #255; WAG #289326","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 4 March 1993.","Client reference #280; WAG #289330","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 16 May 1997.","Client reference #113; WAG #289272; IL# 2020-IL-001-087","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 22 February 2008.","Boston Rare Maps, 20 November 2007.","Client reference #84; WAG #289244; IL# 2020-IL-001-089","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 5 December 2001.","Client reference #57; WAG #289210","Richard Arkway, 17 December 1996.","Client # 107; WAG #289266; IL# 2020-IL-001-182","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (bought at Swann Auction sale 2074 on 30 March 2006), 3 April 2006.","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","Client reference #98; WAG #289257; IL# 2020-IL-001-183","Richard B. Arkway, Inc. 30 November 2004.","Client reference #148; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-184","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.","Client reference #150; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-185","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.","Client reference #151; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-186","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.","Client reference #152; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-187","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.","Client reference #153; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-188","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.","Client reference #154; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-189","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.","Client reference 3 add ; WAG# 289351; IL# 2020-IL-001-210x","Boston Rare Maps, 26 June 2018 (revised 13 July 2018)","Client reference #155; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-190","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.","Client reference #156; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-191","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.","Client reference #157; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-192","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.","WAG #289345","WAG #289345","Client reference #130; WAG #289283","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 27 May 1993.","Client reference #79; WAG #289239; IL# 2020-IL-001-092","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 7 July 2010.","Client reference #101; WAG #289260; IL# 2020-IL-001-093","Richard B. Arkway, Inc. 30 November 2004.","Client reference #252; WAG #289323; IL# 2020-IL-001-094","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 12 February 2003.","Client reference #173; WAG #289308","Bonhams, 2 December 2010.","Client reference #77; WAG #289237; 2020-IL-001-097","H.P. Kraus, 7 July 1997.","Client reference #158; WAG #289298; IL# 2020-IL-001-098","Client reference #44; WAG #289188\nPrevious IL #: 2020-IL-001-099","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 8 February 2008.","Client reference #46; WAG #289193; Previous IL# 2020-IL-001-100","Client reference #162; WAG #289346; IL# 2020-IL-001-101","Richard Arkway, 13 July 1999.","Client reference #11; WAG #289354","Four of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps, 5 Jul 2011.","Client reference #163; WAG #289346; IL# 2020-IL-001-102","Richard Arkway, 13 July 1999.","Client reference #164; WAG #289346; IL# 2020-IL-001-103","Richard Arkway, 13 July 1999.","Client reference #5; WAG #289354","Four of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps, 5 Jul 2011.","Client reference #283; WAG #289417","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 7 July 1994.","Client reference #277; WAG #289328; IL# 2020-IL-001-170","The Philadelphia Print Shop LTD., 1 September 1995.","Client reference #106; WAG #289265; IL# 2020-IL-001-171","William Reese Company, 25 March 2008.","Client reference #119; WAG #289277; IL# 2020-IL-001-172","Richard B. Arkway, 19 June 2007.","Client reference #169; WAG #289304; IL# 2020-IL-001-173","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 5 June 2007.","Client reference #170; WAG #289305\nPrevious IL #: 2020-IL-001-174","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 19 December 2005.","Client reference #201; WAG #289314; IL# 2020-IL-001-175","Boston Rare Maps, 25 September 2012.","Client reference #100; WAG #289259; IL# 2020-IL-001-176","Richard B. Arkway, Inc. 30 November 2004.","Client reference #58; WAG #289213; IL# 2020-IL-001-177","William Reese Company, 11 April 2011.","Client reference #165; WAG #289346; IL# 2020-IL-001-104","Richard Arkway, 13 July 1999.","Client reference #166; WAG #289346; IL# 2020-IL-001-105","Richard Arkway, 13 July 1999.","Client reference #284; WAG #289346; IL# 2020-IL-001-106","Richard Arkway, 13 July 1999.","Client reference #231; WAG #289316; IL# 2020-IL-001-107","Boston Rare Maps, 23 May 2013.","Client reference #234; WAG #289319; IL# 2020-IL-001-108","Sotheby's, 5 December 2013.","Client reference #232; WAG #289319","Sotheby's New York, 11 June 2013, lot #83.","Client reference #40; WAG #289181; IL# 2020-IL-001-110","Boston Rare Maps, 27 September 2012.","Client reference #197; WAG #289310; IL# 2020-IL-001-111","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 2 March 2007.","Client reference #65; WAG #289224; IL# 2020-IL-001-112","Shapero Rare Books, 4 April 2010.","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","Alexander Gallery, 27 January 2014. Charles Bigelow (b. 1884) of Boston, by direct descent to his grand daughter","Client reference #60; WAG #289216; IL# 2020-IL-001-113","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 23 October 2007.","Client reference #105; WAG #289264; IL# 2020-IL-001-114","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 8 July 2011.","Client reference #70; WAG #289230; IL# 2020-IL-001-115","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 26 June 2008.","Client reference #76; WAG #289236; IL# 2020-IL-001-116","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 27 June 1996.","Client reference #68; WAG #289228; IL# 2020-IL-001-117","Bernard Shapero Rare Books, 2 May 2008.","Client reference #37; WAG #289176; IL# 2020-IL-001-118","Client reference #134; WAG #289284","The Old Print Gallery, 3 May 1991.","Client reference #147; WAG #289344; IL# 2020-IL-001-120","Sotheby's New York, 1 December 2005.","Client reference #39; WAG #289179; IL# 2020-IL-001-121","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 28 June 2006.","Client reference #109; WAG #289268; IL# 2020-IL-001-122","Richard B. Arkway, 25 October 1995.","Client reference #122; WAG #289280; IL# 2020-IL-001-123","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 1 June 2005.","Client reference #74; WAG #289234; IL# 2020-IL-001-124","Richard Arkway, 17 December 1996.","Client reference #14; WAG #289140","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 14 June 1995.","Client reference #50; WAG #289199; IL# 2020-IL-001-126","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 15 November 2002.","lient reference #120; WAG #289278; IL# 2020-IL-001-127","Richard B. Arkway, 19 June 2007.","Client reference #102; WAG #289261; IL# 2020-IL-001-128","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 22 February 2010.","Client reference #291; WAG #289350; IL# 2020-IL-001-129","William Reese Co, 7 April 2014.","Previously owned by \"Charles R. Sanders Jr of Halifax County Virginia\".","Client reference #292; WAG #289350; IL# 2020-IL-001-130","William Reese Co, 7 April 2014.","Previously owned by \"Charles R. Sanders Jr of Halifax County Virginia\".","Client reference #293; WAG #289350; IL# 2020-IL-001-131","William Reese Co, 7 April 2014.","Previously owned by \"Charles R. Sanders Jr of Halifax County Virginia\".","Client reference #294; WAG #289350; IL# 2020-IL-001-132","William Reese Co, 7 April 2014.","Previously owned by \"Charles R. Sanders Jr of Halifax County Virginia\".","Client reference #295; WAG #289350; IL# 2020-IL-001-133","William Reese Co, 7 April 2014.","Previously owned by \"Charles R. Sanders Jr of Halifax County Virginia\".","Client reference #296; WAG #289350; IL# 2020-IL-001-134","William Reese Co, 7 April 2014.","Previously owned by \"Charles R. Sanders Jr of Halifax County Virginia\".","Client reference #128; WAG #289282; IL# 2020-IL-001-135","Arader Galleries, 23 November 2003.","Client reference #249; WAG #289322; IL# 2020-IL-001-136","Cohen and Taliaferro LLC, 5 June 2014.","Client reference #93; WAG #289253; IL# 2020-IL-001-137","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 10 May 2004.","Client reference #24; WAG #289156","Boston Rare Maps, 6 March 2006.","Client reference #146; WAG #289296","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 14 January 1999.","Client reference #168; WAG #289303; IL# 2020-IL-001-140","Clive A. Burden, 11 May 2012, (from Sotheby's New York for client).","Client reference #69; WAG #289229\nPrevious IL #: 2020-IL-001-168","Clive Burden, 19 April 2011.","Client reference #78; WAG #289238; IL# 2020-IL-001-156","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 19 December 2005.","Client reference #83; WAG #289243","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 7 September 1995.","Client reference #66; WAG #289226; IL# 2020-IL-001-179","Boston Rare Maps, 30 May 2008.","Client reference #62; WAG #289218; IL# 2020-IL-001-180","Martayan Lan, 24 June 1992.","Jonathan Potter Limited, 18 December 2007.","Client reference #135; WAG #289285","Client reference #80; WAG #289240","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 14 June 1995.","Client reference #112; WAG #289271; IL# 2020-IL-001-142","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 13 May 2004.","lient reference #159; WAG #289299; IL# 2020-IL-001-143","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 7 April 2008.","lient reference #53; WAG #289203; IL# 2020-IL-001-144","Arader Galleries, 8 November 2006.","Client reference #72; WAG #289232; IL# 2020-IL-001-145","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 11 October 2005.","Client reference #139; WAG #289289; IL# 2020-IL-001-146","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 22 April 1992.","Client reference #94; WAG #289254; IL# 2020-IL-001-147","Marayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 24 April 2001.","Client reference #115; WAG #289274\nPrevious IL #: 2020-IL-001-148","Richard Arkway, 19 June 2007.","Client reference #136; WAG #289286","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 10 March 1992.","Client reference #137; WAG #289287","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 10 March 1992.","Client reference #233; WAG #289318; IL# 2020-IL-001-151","Swann Auction Galleries, 10 October 2013.","Client reference #142; WAG #289292; IL# 2020-IL-001-152","Swann Galleries, New York, 2 June 2011.","Client reference #31; WAG #289168","High Ridge Books Inc., 20 March 1991.","Client reference #49; WAG #289197","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 18 January 1993.","Client reference #92; WAG #289252","Martayan Lan, 26 September 1991.","lient reference #248; WAG #289321; IL# 2020-IL-001-157","Daniel Crouch Rare Books, 15 April 2015.","Client reference #144; WAG #289294; IL# 2020-IL-001-158","Arader Galleries, 8 November 2006.","Client reference#10; WAG #289354","Four of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps, 5 Jul 2011.","Client reference #7; WAG #289354","Four of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps 5 Jul 2011.","Client reference #34; WAG #289173; IL# 2020-IL-001-161","Richard B. Arkway, 19 June 2007.","Client reference #23; WAG #289154; IL# 2020-IL-001-162","Jonathan Potter Limited, 29 November 2005.","Client reference #6; WAG #289354","Four of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps, 5 Jul 2011.","Client reference #8; WAG #289354","Four of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps, 5 Jul 2011.","Client reference #B39; WAG #289180; IL# 2020-IL-001-193x","George S. MacManus Co. (bought at Sotheby's New York 1 December 2005), 5 December 2005. William Guthman Collection of Manuscript, Printed, and Graphic Americana","Client reference #8ADD; WAG #289356; IL# 2020-IL-001-194x","Boston Rare Maps, 12 March 2014.","Client reference #4 ADD; WAG #289352; IL# 2020-IL-001-195x","Martayan Lan \u0026 Augustyn Inc., 31 May 2018.","Client reference #297; WAG #289333; IL# 2020-IL-001-205x","Rouillac, 13 June 2016.","Client reference #1 ADD, 2 ADD; WAG #289342; IL#  2020-IL-001-206x","Map: Christie's, 5 December 2017, lot 8.  Provenance: François-Jean de Beauvoir, Marquis de Chastellux (1734 -1788)","Client reference #7 ADD; WAG #289357","Christie's New York, 19 June 2014.","Client reference #5 ADD; WAG #289353; IL# 2020-IL-001-207x","Boston Rare Maps, 14 June 2006.","lient reference #6 ADD; WAG #289355; IL# 2020-IL-001-208x","Barry Ruderman (purchased at Bonhams Germany), 14 April 2015.","Client Ref # B45 ; WAG # 289191","Client Ref # B45 ; WAG # 289191","Client Ref # B45 ; WAG # 289191","2020-IL-001-122b","Client reference #43B; OCLC number 62820410; WAG # 13773/289186; IL# 2020-IL-001-213x"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLondon: Jeffreys \u0026amp; Faden, 1775\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : Thos. Jefferys, 1774\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : Wm. Faden, 1775\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : Willm. Faden, 1777\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : William Faden, [1778?]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Willm. Faden, 1784\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Wm. Faden, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Wm. Faden, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Printed for Robt. Sayer and Jno. Bennett, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Printed for R. Sayer and J. Bennett, 1783\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Wm. Faden, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Printed \u0026amp; sold by A. Dury, 1775\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : Wm. Faden, 1778\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : W. Hawkes, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : T. Jefferys, 1757\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : S. Hooper, 1770\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : John Wallis, 1783\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Chez Le Rouge,1781\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : Engraved and published by Wm. Faden, 1783\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmsterdam : Chéz Covens et Mortier, et Covens, junior, 1780-1789\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : Wm. Faden, 1775\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon? : [s.n.], 1780\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : W. Faden\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : R. Sayer \u0026amp; J. Bennett, 1780\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Wm. Faden, 1784\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : J.F.W. Des Barres, 1778\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Chez Le Rouge, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublisher unknown : place of publication unknown, 1778\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Chez Fortin, Ing'r mécanicien du Roi pour les globes et sphères, 1778\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : Sold by And: Millar opposite Katharine Street in the Strand, 1755\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Chez le Sr. Phelipeau, 1786\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Wm. Faden, 1785\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : W. Faden, 1777\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Wm. Faden, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Wm. Faden, 1781\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFranckfurt am Mayn : Zu finden in der Iaegernschen Buchhandlung, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFranckfurt am Mayn : Zu finden in der Iaegernschen Buchhandlung, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : printed for Robert Sayer in Fleet Street and Thomas Jefferys in the Strand, 1753\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Le Rouge, 1778\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Le Rouge, 1778\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Le Rouge, 1779\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Le Rouge, 1779\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Le Rouge, 1779\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Le Rouge, 1778\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Le Rouge, 1778\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Wm. Faden, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Le Rouge, 1779\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Le Rouge, 1779\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Le Rouge, 1779\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Le Rouge, 1779\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : printed for Robert Sayer in Fleet Street and Thomas Jefferys in the Strand, 1753\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : Printed for Robert Sayer in Fleet Street and Thomas Jefferys in the Strand, 1753\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : Printed for Robert Sayer in Fleet Street and Thomas Jefferys in the Strand, 1753.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : Printed for Robert Sayer in Fleet Street and Thomas Jefferys in the Strand, 1753.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : Printed for Robert Sayer in Fleet Street and Thomas Jefferys in the Strand, 1753.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA Paris : chez l'auteur. 1777\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Chez le Chevalier de Beaurain, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePortsmouth, N.H : [publisher not identified], 1761\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnknown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : Wm. Faden, 1777\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : T. Jefferys, 1768\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Lattre, 1781\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA Paris : Chez Lattré, 1788\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Carington Bowles, 1785\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Carington Bowles, 1784\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA Paris : Chez Esnauts et Rapilly, 1783\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Chez le Sr. Desnos, 1783-1787\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : M. Brion de la Tour, 1783\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA Paris : Chez le Sr. Desnos, 1783\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : S. Hooper, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : S. Hooper, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : S. Hooper, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : S. Hooper, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Chez Perrier ; Chez Fortin, 1778\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmsterdam : Chez C. Mortier \u0026amp; J. Covens, et Fils, 1782?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Printed for John Bowles, 1763?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : John Bowles ; Robert Sayer ; Thos. Jefferys, 1763?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAugsburg : Christian Friedrich von der Heiden, 1760\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA Paris : Chez Basset, 1782\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : J.F.W. Des Barres, 1780?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Frankfurt am Main] : s.n., 1780\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : published acording to the act by M.A. Rocque ... \u0026amp; A. Dury, 1762\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Publish'd as the Act directs ... by W. Faden , 1780\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA Paris : Chéz Le Rouge, rue des Grands Augustins, 1785\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Andrew Dury, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Chez Mondhare, 1778\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Esnauts et Rapilly, 1781?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London?] : R. 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Faden, Geographer to the King, Charing Cross, 1784\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhiladelphia : [Publisher not identified], 1796?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAugsburg : Joh. Martin Will, 1777?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Chez Perrier et Verrier ; Chez Maugein, 1782?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Place of publication not identified]  : [Publisher not identified], 1781?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlace of publication not identified]  : [Publisher not identified], 1782?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFranckfurter : Iagernschen Buchhandlung, 1780\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAugsburg : l'Academie Imperiale d'Empire des Arts liberaux, 1782?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : William Faden, May 1st 1780\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBerlin : Daniel Berger, 1782\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.V. [Augsburg] : I.M. Will excud, 1782\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Printed for Wm. 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Faden , 1780","A Paris : Chéz Le Rouge, rue des Grands Augustins, 1785","London : Andrew Dury, 1776","Paris : Chez Mondhare, 1778","Paris : Esnauts et Rapilly, 1781?","[London?] : R. Eynon, 1776","[London] : W. Faden, 1778","London : Wm. Faden, 1779","London : Printed for Wm. Faden, 1784","London : Wm. Faden, 1776","London : [Publisher not known], 1778","[London] : Wm. Faden, 1777","London : Wm. Faden, 1777","Philadelphia : American Philosophical Society, 1771","[Place of publication not identified]  : John Fitch, 1785","London : Printed for Robt. Sayer ... \u0026 Thos. Jefferys, 1768","Philadelphia : R. Aitken, 1775","London : [Publisher not identified], 1773?","London : W. Faden, 1780","London : [Publisher not identified], 1784","London : Published by Wm. Faden, Geographer to the King, Charing Cross, 1784","Philadelphia : [Publisher not identified], 1796?","Augsburg : Joh. 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H. van Keulen, 1784","Amsterdam : Gerard Hulst van Keulen, 1783","A Paris : Chez Lattré, 1784","Paris : Chés Lattré, 1764?","Paris : Chez Le Rouge, 1778","Paris : Chez Le Rouge, 1781","Paris : chez le Rouge, 1755","Paris : Chez Le Rouge, 1778","Paris : Chez Le Rouge, 1782","Paris : Chéz le Rouge, 1782","Paris : Le Rouge, 1756","Paris : Chez Le Rouge, 1776-1777","[Augsburg?] : Mathew Albert and George Frederic Lotter, 1784","Paris : Hôtel de Soubise, 1778","[Paris], 1756","Paris : Chez le Sr. Moithey ... et chez Crepy, 1777","Paris : Mondhare, 1781?","[London] : Sold by A. Dury, 1775","London : Printed \u0026 sold by A. 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Faden, 1781","[Place of publication not identified]  : [Publisher not identified], 1782?","Paris : Chez Esnauts et Rapilly, rue Saint Jacques à la Ville de Coutances, 1782","Paris : [Publisher not identified], 1786?","Paris : Chez le cit. Delamarche, 1792","London : R. Sayer and J. Bennett, 1776","London : Robt. Sayer and John Bennett, 1780","London : R. Sayer and J. Bennett, 1775","London : Rt. Sayer \u0026 Jno. Bennett, 1776","[London] : John Rocque at Charing Cross, 1750","Amsterdam : Covens and Mortier and Covens junior, 1780","Amsterdam : Covens and Mortier and Covens junior, 1780","Philadelphia : [Publisher not identified], 1775","New Haven : [Publisher not identified], 1777","London : Wm. Faden, 1777","London : Wm. Faden, 1779","[London] : W. Faden, 1777","[London] : R. Sayer, 1763","London : John Andrews ; John Harris, 1781","Augsburg : Christian Friedrich von der Heiden, 1760","Augsburg : Christian Friedrich von der Heiden, 1760","London : Printed for John Bowles ... Robert Sayer ... Thos. Jefferys … Carington Bowles ... and Henry Parker, 1768","London : A. Hamilton, 1776","Augsburg : Christian Friedrich von der Heiden, 1760","Augsburg : Christian Friedrich von der Heiden, 1760","Boston, New England : Printed by Richard Draper, for the Author, 1755","Paris : Chez LeRouge, Rue des Grands Augustins, 1778-1780","Paris : Chez Le Rouge, 1781","Unknown place of publication : Unknown publisher, approximately 1781","London : Jefferys and Faden, 1776","Paris : Chez LeRouge, Rue des Grands Augustins, approximately 1755","Unknown place of publication : Unknown publisher, 1777","London : William Gerrard de Brahm ; P. Andrews sculp, 1771","London : William Gerard De Brahm ; P. Andrews sculp, 1771","London :  William Gerard de Brahm ; P. Andrews sculp, 1771","[Boston] : Printed at Draper's printing-office, 1775"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], Richard H. 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Table for identifying variant editions and impressions of John Mitchell's map of the British and French dominions in North America. LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 39","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1023","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 195","Comparative cartography [Stevens \u0026 Tree], 41e. LC Maps and charts of North America and the West Indies 1750-1789, 1144 Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 107","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 186","Cumming, W. British maps of colonial America, 45","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","Cumming, W. British maps of colonial America, p. 45","Cumming, W. British maps of colonial America, p. 45.","Cumming, W. British maps of colonial America, p. 45.","Cumming, W. British maps of colonial America, p. 45","Cumming, W. British maps of colonial America, p. 45","Initially inventoried with [2023-SC-008-053] 'Plan of the Situation of the American and British Armies'.","LC Maps and charts of North America and the West Indies 1750-1789, 149. McCorkle, B. B. New England in early printed maps, 777.3","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 923. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 18","LC Maps of North America, 870. McCorkle, Barbara. New England in early printed maps, N761.1. Wheat \u0026 Brun. Maps and Charts published in America before 1800 (2nd ed.), 181","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1003 Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 34","Phillips, 1196","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 165","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 101","Wheat, C. Mapping the Transmississippi West, v.1 194","Guthorn, P. American maps and mapmakers, 11(15). Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 94","BM maps, XIV, column 605. Phillips, 595","Deak, G. Picturing New York, 115","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 192 and 192a","Cresswell, Donald H. The American Revolution in drawings and prints, 477","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 88","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 52","De Vorsey, L. Gulf Stream on eighteenth century maps and charts, in The Map collector, 15 (1980), 7 De Vorsey, L. Pioneer charting of the Gulf Stream, in Imago mundi, 28 (1976), 105-120","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 736","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1462. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 193","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1342. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 127","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1327. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 128","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 76. Phillips. Maps of America, p. 786","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 132","Comparative cartography [Stevens \u0026 Tree], 37a. LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1238","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography Of Printed Battle Plans Of The American Revolution 1775-1795, 43","Wheat \u0026 Brun. Maps and charts (2nd ed.), 300","Boyd, T. Poor John Fitch, p. 127-128. Wheat \u0026 Brun. Maps and charts published in America, 660","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1429 Stevens \u0026 Tree. Comparative cartography, 87e","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 5","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 51","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 182","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 129. Phillips. List of Maps of America, p. 299","Nebenzahl, Battle Plans 74. Phillips, MOA 296","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 145","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 873","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 95. Research catalog of maps in the Clements Library, II, p. 284","Deak, G. Picturing New York, 116","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 789","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 153","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 307 Stevens \u0026 Tree. Comparative cartography, 66b","Phillips, 1196","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 29. Stevens \u0026 Tree. Comparative cartography, 51a","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 219","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 219","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 219","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 932.. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 16","Comparative cartography [Stevens \u0026 Tree], 69a LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1319","Cresswell, D. American Revolution in drawings and prints, 371","Phillips, P. List of Maps of America in the Library of Congress, p. 268. Philips 1196","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 219","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 219","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 219","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 750","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 69","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 187","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 37 and 37a","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 38","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1313. Snyder, M. City of Independence, 46 and Fig. 44","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 158","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 161","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 45","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 155","Exhibited: \"We Are One: Mapping America's Road from Revolution to Independence\" organized by the Norman B. Leventhal Map Center at the Boston Public Library, 2015","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1105","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 312","Phillips. List of maps of America, 269. Phillips, 1196","Phillips. List of maps of America, 269. Phillips, 1196","Phillips. List of maps of America, 269. Phillips, 1196","Phillips. List of maps of America, 269. Phillips, 1196","Phillips. List of maps of America, 269. Phillips, 1196","Phillips. List of maps of America, 269. Phillips, 1196","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1022. Wheat \u0026 Brun. Maps and charts published in America, 258","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 751 Wooldridge, W. Mapping Virginia, 152 and 152a","Nebenzahl, Kenneth. A Bibliography Of Printed Battle Plans, 40","Cohen \u0026 Augustyn. Manhattan in maps, 73-76","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 62","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1047","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1181. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 56","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 150","Pedley, M. S. Bel et utile, 450","Phillips, 10316","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 77","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 918 Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 28","Comparative cartography [Stevens \u0026 Tree], 58c","Kershaw, Kenneth. Early printed maps of Canada, vol. 3, no. 599. LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 449","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1023. Wheat \u0026 Brun. Maps and charts published in America, 262","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 828","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution, 12 Wheat \u0026 Brun. Maps and charts published in America, 204","Wheat \u0026 Brun. Maps and charts published in America, 263","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1160. Nebenzahl, Kenneth. A bibliography of printed battle plans, 11","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1070","Comparative cartography [Stevens \u0026 Tree], 45b. LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1056 Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 101","Stevens \u0026 Tree. Comparative cartography, 47b","Cresswell, Donald H. The American Revolution in Drawings and Prints, 357","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 14","7363; Wheat \u0026 Brun 320; Shadwell, American Printmaking no. 22; Sabin 5955","Originally housed with book The Atlantic Pilot.","Originally housed with book The Atlantic Pilot.","Originally housed with book The Atlantic Pilot."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains approximately 300 rare printed maps, unique manuscript maps, and published texts collected by Richard H. Brown, which pertain to the American Revolutionary War era.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis map and battle plan immortalized what came to be known as the Battle of Bunker Hill. The alphabetic key identifies British regiments and ships and narrates their actions. The plan also shows earthworks held by the Colonial troops. This detailed plan was published in London only five days after news of the battle itself reached England. Given the haste with which it was prepared, its geographic vagueness in the rendering of Charlestown is less surprising than its overall accuracy and detail.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nRelief shown by hachures. Indexed for points of military interest.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis large, detailed map of New England was compiled by Braddock Mead (alias John Green), and first published by Thomas Jefferys in 1755. Green was an Irish translator, geographer, and editor, as well as one of the most talented British map-makers at mid-century. The map was re-published at the outset of the American Revolution, as it remained the most accurate and detailed survey of New England. Of interest are engraved double lines found beneath certain place-names, including Boston. These lines indicate cities whose longitude had been calculated with the aid of the newly invented marine chronometer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePage, an English military engineer who served as aide de campe to General Howe during the action, prepared this detailed plan of the Battle of Bunker Hill. It is the best known and most commonly reproduced plan of the battle. Warrens redoubt, fences, and hedgerows are shown in great detail, as well as the lines of march of attacking forces, British ships, and the Corps Hill battery with lines of fire. The position of British troops late in the action is depicted on a separate overlay which accompanies the map.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Note: The operations of the column under the command of His Excellency Lieutenant General Knyphausen is engraved from a plan drawn on the spot by S. W. Werner, Leiutt. of Hessian Artillery.\" Includes \"references to the column under the command of Lt. Genl. Earl Cornwallis\" and \"references to the column under the command of His Excellency Lieutt. Genl. Knyphausen.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes indexes of propietors of land in South Carolina and Georgia. Decorative title cartouche depicting vegetation, manufactured products, and workers. \"To the Right Honourable George Dunk, Earl of Halifax ...\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows rural householders' names. \"Publish'd according to Act of Parliament, May the 1st, 1770, by S. Hooper, No. 25 Ludgate Hill, London.\" Decorative dedication cartouche includes royal coat of arms, a native, and animals. \"To His most Excellent Majesty George the IIId ... this map is most humbly dedicated by ... John Collet.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows the 13 states, Louisiana, and parts of Canada and Florida. Relief shown pictorially. Prime meridian: London. Decorative title cartouche.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes descriptive and historical notes. Translation of Thomas Hutchins' New map of the western part of Virginia, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and North Carolina, 1778.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows \"Genl. Howe's track\" from Elk River to Philadelphia, \"Genl. Washington's track,\" and \"Grand American Winter Camp, Jan. 1778\" at Valley Forge. Shows most of New Jersey and parts of Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Delaware. BPL\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Includes \"References to the fortifications \u0026amp; ca.\" and \"References to the town.\" An earlier state of LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 933 and Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 22.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows operations and ship names. Inset: Plan of the fort.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDepicts a battle between the Americans and two British vessels, at the begining of the New York campaign.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe original wash drawing displayed here was executed by marine painter Pierre Ozanne in 1778. This work was produced during the French naval campaign in America by Ozanne who witnessed the action at the entrance of the Delaware River on July 8, 1778. This battle is considered as the first naval event between the French and the English fleet of that campaign on the American coast.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWash drawing on paper. View of six ships in the Delaware River, five under the command of Comte d'Estaing. Manuscript note pasted on reads \"Campagne du Vice-Admirale d'Esteing an Amerique, commandant une escadre de 12 vaisseaux et 4 frégattes, sortie de toulon le 13 Avril 1778.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDisplayed here is the third state of the \"Carte des Pays...de Canada,\" published by Jean Baptiste Fortin who had acquired the stock of the Vaugondy firm. This map is one of the first to recognize the name of the newly formed United States, \"Etats Unis,\" as seen by the inclusion of the phrase in the title cartouche. The map is closely related to J.B. Eliot's \"Carte du Theatre de la Guerre Actuel Entre les Anglais et les Treize Colonies Unies de l'Amerique Septentrionale ...\" Eliot also uses the phrase \"Etats Unis\" in his map, referring to his title of U.S. Engineer under his name. Both Fortin and Eliot published their maps in 1778.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCovers Canada east of Lake Superior and south of James Bay; covers U.S. north of Albemarle Bay (N.C.). Relief shown pictorially. Meridians numbered eastward from unspecified prime (Montréal at E 305°). Believed to be the earliest map to use the name United States of America (in any language). Inset: Supplément pour l'Isle de Terre-Neuve.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFirst English edition, 3rd impression. Includes text and inset \"A new map of Hudson's Bay and Labrador from the late survey of those coasts.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows fortifications, troop locations, and ships on the York River.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows information to Sept. 3, 1776. Below map: \"An account of the proceedings of His Majesty's forces at the attack of the rebel works on Long Island, on the 27th of August, 1776 : taken from Gen. Howe's letter to Lord George Germaine, principal Secretary of State for the American Department.\" State 5 of the map, with Fort Lee or Ft. Constitution added and Younkers unlabeled.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTitle from sheets 1 and 2. All sheets individually titled. Shows nautical exploration routes. Includes text, historical and geographical notes, and tables of comparative astronomical observations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows Carib lands, parishes, settlements, bays, anchorages, and topography.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows parishes, settlements, bays, anchorages, topography and shoals.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows divisions, settlements, bays, anchorages, topography and shoals\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows parishes, settlements, bays, anchorages, topography and shoals.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows parishes, cities, settlements, roads, churches, windmills, \"cattle mills,\" bays, anchorages, shoals and topography.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows harbors, settlements and topography.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows parishes, towns, settlements, roads, rivers, bays, anchorages, shoals and topography.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows harbors, towns, shoals, anchorages, and topography.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCovers Grand Turk Island, Salt Cay, and smaller islands in the vicinity. Shows topography and shoals.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows plantations, roads, settlements, anchorages, shoals and topography.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows parishes, towns, bays, anchorages, topography and shoals\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows nautical exploration routes. Includes text, historical and geographical notes, and tables of comparative astronomical observations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSheet three of Green's A chart of North and South America, including the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, with the nearest coasts of Europe, Africa and Asia. Shows nautical exploration routes. Includes text, historical and geographical notes, and tables of comparative astronomical observations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSheet five of Green's A chart of North and South America, including the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, with the nearest coasts of Europe, Africa and Asia. Shows nautical exploration routes.Includes text, historical and geographical notes, and tables of comparative astronomical observations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSheet six of Green's A chart of North and South America, including the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, with the nearest coasts of Europe, Africa and Asia. Shows nautical exploration routes. Includes text, historical and geographical notes, and tables of comparative astronomical observations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSheet four of Green's A chart of North and South America, including the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, with the nearest coasts of Europe, Africa and Asia. Shows nautical exploration routes. Includes text, historical and geographical notes, and tables of comparative astronomical observations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHighlighted on this fine topographic map of Boston and vicinity are the British and American troops. The American troops are colored red -- the first corps in Cambridge, the second corps opposite Charlestown neck, and the third corps near Roxbury. Among the many strategic topographic features so excellently rendered on this map is Dorchester Heights, which appears devoid of British defensive forces. This serious tactical error was ultimately recognized by General Washington, who occupied the Heights and forced the British to withdraw from the city on March 17, 1776. A note on the map reveals that it is based on an original plan of the siege drawn by order of the British government. Interestingly, the British fortifications on Boston Neck and Castle William Island are greatly exaggerated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCampaign headquarters map showing military features and events in the New York area from June to November 1776.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis general map of the Americas, produced in Paris in 1788, depicts the political divisions in North America just after the Treaty of Paris was signed in 1783. The Treaty effectively ended the American Revolutionary War. The United States is comprised of land east of the Mississippi River, while Great Britain controls Canada and Spain controls Louisiana, Mexico, Florida and western North America. Also depicted is a large inset of the Canadian Arctic, and another two insets of Caribbean islands, in addition to an elaborately illustrated cartouche.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMap of the Americas designed to show the political divisions in North America immediately following the Treaty of Paris. Relief shown pictorially. Insets: Supplement pour le Nord de L'Amerique ; Isle de la Martinique ; Isle St. Domingue. Elaborate cartouche in lower left.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMichel Capitaine du Chesnoy, the Marquis de Lafayette's map maker, drew this map following the Battle of Monmouth Court House in northeastern New Jersey. After confusion surrounding the Continental Army's orders, the soldiers prevented the British troops from advancing. The battle occurred on a hot June day and hundreds of soldiers died of heatstroke. Women, who came to be referred to collectively as \"Molly Pitcher,\" supported the American troops by bringing water to cool the men and their guns. Although the battle ended inconclusively, it was a turning point for the professionalization of the American army as volunteer French and German military officers provided training.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis rare map was issued just months after Cornwallis' defeat in Yorktown, Va. The copy displayed here, complete with inset plan of the battle of Yorktown and an elaborate cartouche, is the second state of the map. An additional inset in the lower right depicts the colonies from Massachusetts to Delaware, and illustrates the geography upon which Washington and Rochambeau's armies marched on the way to Yorktown. This map conveys the importance of France's assistance to the Americans during the War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGerman woodcut of the siege of Charleston, South Carolina in May 1780. The depiction of Charleston is imaginary. Donnhaeuser lacked a view of Charleston so he modified a pre-existing view of an unidentified German city to show the siege. Text describing the siege on verso, titled Nachricht von der belagerung und einnahme der stadt und hafens Charlestown in America.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne of the preferred routes that captains and navigators sailing from America to England learned to use was the Gulf Stream, a strong, warm current that flows north along the Atlantic coast and then east toward Europe. Initially charted by Benjamin Franklin in 1768, this discovery helped ships minimize travel time across the ocean, speeding up the transatlantic voyage for travelers, merchants, and goods. Franklin purchased this 1785 chart, a French adaptation of his original findings, when he served in Paris as a diplomat for the United States during the early years of the republic\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDisplayed here is the second state of J.B. Eliot's map of the newly formed republic, produced in 1778. This map closely resembles Louis Brion de la Tour's \"Carte du théatre de la guerre entre les Anglais et les Américans\" in appearance. Eliot's map is one of the first to recognize the name of the newly formed United States, \"Etats Unis,\" as seen by the inclusion of the phrase in the title cartouche, referring to Eliot's title of U.S. Engineer under his name. In this regard, Eliot's map is related to another map recognizing the newly named United States, namely Vaugondy's \"Carte du Canada et des Etats-Unis de l'Amérique Septentrionale.\" Both maps were published in 1778, and both incorporate the phrase \"Etats Unis\" in their title cartouches, however, it is unclear which map was actually produced first.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBernard Ratzer, a Lieutenant in the Royal Artillery, prepared a survey of New Jersey in 1769 to assist the Boundary Commission in settling a long standing boundary dispute between the states of New York and New Jersey. London mapmaker William Faden published Ratzer's survey as a finished map in 1777 in his North American Atlas. Published during the American Revolution, the map depicts the area known to George Washington before the Battle of Monmouth, and shows the fortification at Valley Forge. Despite having several errors of location, the map is finely executed, and contains an elaborate cartouche of a farmhouse with landscape in the upper left corner. Displayed here is the first English edition of the map. A French derivative of this map by Georges-Louis LeRouge may be viewed online at: http://maps.bpl.org/id/rb15252.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis rare and unique map was produced by inventor and amateur mapmaker John Fitch, in an attempt to raise funds to support his newly invented steamboat. Fitch made and engraved the map himself, and printed it in Philadelphia on a cider press. Unfortunately for Fitch, the map never sold well, and the geography displayed on the map was well out-of-date by the time the Old Northwest was settled after being released from British and Native American control.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInk and watercolor manuscript view from Boston looking southeast towards Dorchester and Castle Island. Shows British soldiers and parts of the encampment and town.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePencil manuscript view of the Charles River.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFour views of the siege of Gibraltar. Includes \"La premiere representation de les X batteries flottantes\" ; \"Seconde representation des batteries flottantes\" ; \"Se general elliot recu les vivres et munitions de l'angleterre\" ; \"Prospect der IV blate von Gibraltar\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe map depicts the opening of the British Southern offensive of 1778.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis rare map of New Hampshire was prepared from surveys by Samuel Holland - famed engineer who entered British service during the French and Indian War (1754-1763). The map depicts New Hampshire in great detail, illustrating rivers, streams, lakes, elevations, township boundaries, roads, and structures. Two great arcs delineate the boundary of a parcel known as \"Mason's Curve.\" The parcel, owned by John Mason (1586-1635), was originally located between the Merrimack and Kennebeck Rivers, however in 1748 was sold by one of Mason's descendants to twelve investors from Portsmouth. It is believed these investors commissioned the surveys in 1768-69 to more accurately locate the boundary of the landholding.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubject: ships on the Saint Lawrence River with a rowboats full of troops disembarking below cliffs; battle in progress on heights above river.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProduced for the French Navy, the rare chart displayed here was the best available chart of this region for the time, and was used by all naval forces involved in combat during the American Revolutionary War. The information on this very detailed chart was based primarily on the work of American Anthony Smith, a local Chesapeake Bay pilot of St. Mary's County. The chart was consulted by Admiral de Grasse in his victory over the British off the Chesapeake Capes on September 5, 1781.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor manuscript map by Kosciuszko showing encampments and military positions in the battles of Saratoga.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColored manuscript map of the 1758 siege of Louisbourg showing ships, troop positions, camps and batteries. Includes references to points of interest, notes and description of the English fleet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColored manuscript map of the 1758 siege of Louisbourg showing ships, troop positions, and batteries. Includes references to points of interest. Oriented with north to the upper right. Colored manuscript map of Cape Breton Island showing fortifications and batteries. Includes a table listing troop distribution, references to points of interest, and notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDisplayed here is the first state of Lattre's plan of Boston. The plan here was also separately issued. Describing Boston in the years before the American Revolutionary war, the plan includes information on shoals, soundings in the harbor, and the surrounding countryside. Lattre was the Royal Engraver to Louis XVI from 1776 to 1782, and is most famous for his \"Carte des Etats-Unis ...,\" also in the Richard H. Brown collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePencil manuscript view of the ruins of Charlestown after the Battle of Bunker Hill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInk and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInk and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInk and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInk and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInk and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInk and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInk and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInk and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInk and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInk and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2 sheets.  Ink and watercolor manuscript map and key. Map shows fortifications and rough features of the peninsula of Boston. Key indicates the order of battle of British troops. The disposition of troops on July 17th, 1775 was possibly intended to be added to the map.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis rare map depicts Long Island, New York City, and the Connecticut coastline north to Stonington Bay. Muller took the geography on this map directly from Thomas Jeffery's 1755 map titled \"A Map of the Most Inhabited Part of New England ...\" The copy displayed here was most likely issued separately from its original pamphlet, and may have been bound unfolded into a folio composite atlas produced during the American Revolutionary War era.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMoses Park, a surveyor from Preston, Connecticut, executed this map in 1766 with the assistance of Asa Spaulding of Norwalk and Samuel Mott of Preston. Displayed here is the second state of the map, which differs from the first state in the collection of the Clements Library at the University of Michigan. In this state, an \"e\" has been added to the name of Shelburne, and \"Connecticut R.\" is seen on the bend of the river above Hadham. Other locational changes have been made in this state as well.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows the boundaries established by the preliminary Treaty of Peace, signed 30 November 1782, and published prior to the signing of the formal Treaty on 3 September 1783. Includes a detailed plan of the Siege of Yorktown.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe map displayed here is an unrecorded version of a German broadside known only at the Library of Congress. This state is unique in that it was sold by a different person, and there are differences in the text portion of the broadside. It is a variant state of LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 142.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows the east coast from the Gulf of the St. Lawrence to the Carolinas, and the interior as far west as the Mississippi Valley. Displayed here is the first state of the map, lacking the inset of Fort Frederick.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe plan displayed here depicts the Siege of Charleston, S.C., conducted by the British forces in early 1780. In February 1780, British General Henry Clinton's army arrived thirty miles south of Charleston, and began their assault on the city, which was protected by an American force commanded by Gen. Benjamin Lincoln. The British took control of the sea, and effectively cut the American off from any support. This plan was produced for Tarleton's memoir \"A History of the Campaigns of 1780 and 1781, in the Southern Provinces of North America.\" The plan was produced on very heavy laid paper, and does not present any folds or pagination. This plan may be a pre-publication proof or a presentation copy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis general map of the Americas was produced by the firm of Vaugondy. Gilles Robert de Vaugondy was the leading French globemaker of the 18th century, and was appointed geographer to Louis XV in 1734. Like \"L'Amerique divise?e en ses principaux Etats\" by Lattre and Bonne from 1788, this map shows the new boundaries of North America as a result of the Treaty of Paris in 1783. The newly created United States, along with Spanish lands in the south are clearly delineated. This may be the fourth state of the map, however it is not listed in Pedley's \"Bel et Utile.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows territorial possessions in North America after the Treaty of Paris. Includes the satirical \"Theodolite's letter to the Botcher's Club in Monmouth Street.\" The open letter appears to praise the treaty and the 3rd Earl of Bute, who worked on the treaty, while actually pointing out the weaknesses of the territory gained. Theodolite, a scientific instrument used in surveying, likely represented Bute, who collected such instruments. Botchers were menders such as tailor and cobblers, and Monmouth Street was known for its second-hand shops. The letter was thus from Bute to those with mercantile interests or low connections as Bute?s peers disapproved of him and the treaty. The true author of the letter was likely Sayer or a colleague with similar political sentiments.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDe Brahm concentrated his surveying efforts on the east coast of Florida, from St. Augustine south to the Keys. This chart of the southern tip of east Florida was included in the English edition of The Atlantic Pilot, along with a chart of the Gulf Stream and a map of the ancient Florida peninsula. De Brahm's meticulous hydrographic survey work is evident in this chart, with its numerous soundings, outlines of shoals, and inclusion of anchoring places. These surveys were eventually used by Des Barres, and the information was included on the charts which make up The Atlantic Neptune.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Scope and Contents","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains approximately 300 rare printed maps, unique manuscript maps, and published texts collected by Richard H. Brown, which pertain to the American Revolutionary War era.","This map and battle plan immortalized what came to be known as the Battle of Bunker Hill. The alphabetic key identifies British regiments and ships and narrates their actions. The plan also shows earthworks held by the Colonial troops. This detailed plan was published in London only five days after news of the battle itself reached England. Given the haste with which it was prepared, its geographic vagueness in the rendering of Charlestown is less surprising than its overall accuracy and detail.","\nRelief shown by hachures. Indexed for points of military interest.","This large, detailed map of New England was compiled by Braddock Mead (alias John Green), and first published by Thomas Jefferys in 1755. Green was an Irish translator, geographer, and editor, as well as one of the most talented British map-makers at mid-century. The map was re-published at the outset of the American Revolution, as it remained the most accurate and detailed survey of New England. Of interest are engraved double lines found beneath certain place-names, including Boston. These lines indicate cities whose longitude had been calculated with the aid of the newly invented marine chronometer.","Page, an English military engineer who served as aide de campe to General Howe during the action, prepared this detailed plan of the Battle of Bunker Hill. It is the best known and most commonly reproduced plan of the battle. Warrens redoubt, fences, and hedgerows are shown in great detail, as well as the lines of march of attacking forces, British ships, and the Corps Hill battery with lines of fire. The position of British troops late in the action is depicted on a separate overlay which accompanies the map.","\"Note: The operations of the column under the command of His Excellency Lieutenant General Knyphausen is engraved from a plan drawn on the spot by S. W. Werner, Leiutt. of Hessian Artillery.\" Includes \"references to the column under the command of Lt. Genl. Earl Cornwallis\" and \"references to the column under the command of His Excellency Lieutt. Genl. Knyphausen.\"","Includes indexes of propietors of land in South Carolina and Georgia. Decorative title cartouche depicting vegetation, manufactured products, and workers. \"To the Right Honourable George Dunk, Earl of Halifax ...\"","Shows rural householders' names. \"Publish'd according to Act of Parliament, May the 1st, 1770, by S. Hooper, No. 25 Ludgate Hill, London.\" Decorative dedication cartouche includes royal coat of arms, a native, and animals. \"To His most Excellent Majesty George the IIId ... this map is most humbly dedicated by ... John Collet.\"","Shows the 13 states, Louisiana, and parts of Canada and Florida. Relief shown pictorially. Prime meridian: London. Decorative title cartouche.","Includes descriptive and historical notes. Translation of Thomas Hutchins' New map of the western part of Virginia, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and North Carolina, 1778.","Shows \"Genl. Howe's track\" from Elk River to Philadelphia, \"Genl. Washington's track,\" and \"Grand American Winter Camp, Jan. 1778\" at Valley Forge. Shows most of New Jersey and parts of Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Delaware. BPL","\"Includes \"References to the fortifications \u0026 ca.\" and \"References to the town.\" An earlier state of LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 933 and Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 22.","Shows operations and ship names. Inset: Plan of the fort.","Depicts a battle between the Americans and two British vessels, at the begining of the New York campaign.","The original wash drawing displayed here was executed by marine painter Pierre Ozanne in 1778. This work was produced during the French naval campaign in America by Ozanne who witnessed the action at the entrance of the Delaware River on July 8, 1778. This battle is considered as the first naval event between the French and the English fleet of that campaign on the American coast.","Wash drawing on paper. View of six ships in the Delaware River, five under the command of Comte d'Estaing. Manuscript note pasted on reads \"Campagne du Vice-Admirale d'Esteing an Amerique, commandant une escadre de 12 vaisseaux et 4 frégattes, sortie de toulon le 13 Avril 1778.\"","Displayed here is the third state of the \"Carte des Pays...de Canada,\" published by Jean Baptiste Fortin who had acquired the stock of the Vaugondy firm. This map is one of the first to recognize the name of the newly formed United States, \"Etats Unis,\" as seen by the inclusion of the phrase in the title cartouche. The map is closely related to J.B. Eliot's \"Carte du Theatre de la Guerre Actuel Entre les Anglais et les Treize Colonies Unies de l'Amerique Septentrionale ...\" Eliot also uses the phrase \"Etats Unis\" in his map, referring to his title of U.S. Engineer under his name. Both Fortin and Eliot published their maps in 1778.","Covers Canada east of Lake Superior and south of James Bay; covers U.S. north of Albemarle Bay (N.C.). Relief shown pictorially. Meridians numbered eastward from unspecified prime (Montréal at E 305°). Believed to be the earliest map to use the name United States of America (in any language). Inset: Supplément pour l'Isle de Terre-Neuve.","First English edition, 3rd impression. Includes text and inset \"A new map of Hudson's Bay and Labrador from the late survey of those coasts.\"","Shows fortifications, troop locations, and ships on the York River.","Shows information to Sept. 3, 1776. Below map: \"An account of the proceedings of His Majesty's forces at the attack of the rebel works on Long Island, on the 27th of August, 1776 : taken from Gen. Howe's letter to Lord George Germaine, principal Secretary of State for the American Department.\" State 5 of the map, with Fort Lee or Ft. Constitution added and Younkers unlabeled.","Title from sheets 1 and 2. All sheets individually titled. Shows nautical exploration routes. Includes text, historical and geographical notes, and tables of comparative astronomical observations.","Shows Carib lands, parishes, settlements, bays, anchorages, and topography.","Shows parishes, settlements, bays, anchorages, topography and shoals.","Shows divisions, settlements, bays, anchorages, topography and shoals","Shows parishes, settlements, bays, anchorages, topography and shoals.","Shows parishes, cities, settlements, roads, churches, windmills, \"cattle mills,\" bays, anchorages, shoals and topography.","Shows harbors, settlements and topography.","Shows parishes, towns, settlements, roads, rivers, bays, anchorages, shoals and topography.","Shows harbors, towns, shoals, anchorages, and topography.","Covers Grand Turk Island, Salt Cay, and smaller islands in the vicinity. Shows topography and shoals.","Shows plantations, roads, settlements, anchorages, shoals and topography.","Shows parishes, towns, bays, anchorages, topography and shoals","Shows nautical exploration routes. Includes text, historical and geographical notes, and tables of comparative astronomical observations.","Sheet three of Green's A chart of North and South America, including the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, with the nearest coasts of Europe, Africa and Asia. Shows nautical exploration routes. Includes text, historical and geographical notes, and tables of comparative astronomical observations.","Sheet five of Green's A chart of North and South America, including the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, with the nearest coasts of Europe, Africa and Asia. Shows nautical exploration routes.Includes text, historical and geographical notes, and tables of comparative astronomical observations.","Sheet six of Green's A chart of North and South America, including the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, with the nearest coasts of Europe, Africa and Asia. Shows nautical exploration routes. Includes text, historical and geographical notes, and tables of comparative astronomical observations.","Sheet four of Green's A chart of North and South America, including the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, with the nearest coasts of Europe, Africa and Asia. Shows nautical exploration routes. Includes text, historical and geographical notes, and tables of comparative astronomical observations.","Highlighted on this fine topographic map of Boston and vicinity are the British and American troops. The American troops are colored red -- the first corps in Cambridge, the second corps opposite Charlestown neck, and the third corps near Roxbury. Among the many strategic topographic features so excellently rendered on this map is Dorchester Heights, which appears devoid of British defensive forces. This serious tactical error was ultimately recognized by General Washington, who occupied the Heights and forced the British to withdraw from the city on March 17, 1776. A note on the map reveals that it is based on an original plan of the siege drawn by order of the British government. Interestingly, the British fortifications on Boston Neck and Castle William Island are greatly exaggerated.","Campaign headquarters map showing military features and events in the New York area from June to November 1776.","This general map of the Americas, produced in Paris in 1788, depicts the political divisions in North America just after the Treaty of Paris was signed in 1783. The Treaty effectively ended the American Revolutionary War. The United States is comprised of land east of the Mississippi River, while Great Britain controls Canada and Spain controls Louisiana, Mexico, Florida and western North America. Also depicted is a large inset of the Canadian Arctic, and another two insets of Caribbean islands, in addition to an elaborately illustrated cartouche.","Map of the Americas designed to show the political divisions in North America immediately following the Treaty of Paris. Relief shown pictorially. Insets: Supplement pour le Nord de L'Amerique ; Isle de la Martinique ; Isle St. Domingue. Elaborate cartouche in lower left.","Michel Capitaine du Chesnoy, the Marquis de Lafayette's map maker, drew this map following the Battle of Monmouth Court House in northeastern New Jersey. After confusion surrounding the Continental Army's orders, the soldiers prevented the British troops from advancing. The battle occurred on a hot June day and hundreds of soldiers died of heatstroke. Women, who came to be referred to collectively as \"Molly Pitcher,\" supported the American troops by bringing water to cool the men and their guns. Although the battle ended inconclusively, it was a turning point for the professionalization of the American army as volunteer French and German military officers provided training.","This rare map was issued just months after Cornwallis' defeat in Yorktown, Va. The copy displayed here, complete with inset plan of the battle of Yorktown and an elaborate cartouche, is the second state of the map. An additional inset in the lower right depicts the colonies from Massachusetts to Delaware, and illustrates the geography upon which Washington and Rochambeau's armies marched on the way to Yorktown. This map conveys the importance of France's assistance to the Americans during the War.","German woodcut of the siege of Charleston, South Carolina in May 1780. The depiction of Charleston is imaginary. Donnhaeuser lacked a view of Charleston so he modified a pre-existing view of an unidentified German city to show the siege. Text describing the siege on verso, titled Nachricht von der belagerung und einnahme der stadt und hafens Charlestown in America.","One of the preferred routes that captains and navigators sailing from America to England learned to use was the Gulf Stream, a strong, warm current that flows north along the Atlantic coast and then east toward Europe. Initially charted by Benjamin Franklin in 1768, this discovery helped ships minimize travel time across the ocean, speeding up the transatlantic voyage for travelers, merchants, and goods. Franklin purchased this 1785 chart, a French adaptation of his original findings, when he served in Paris as a diplomat for the United States during the early years of the republic","Displayed here is the second state of J.B. Eliot's map of the newly formed republic, produced in 1778. This map closely resembles Louis Brion de la Tour's \"Carte du théatre de la guerre entre les Anglais et les Américans\" in appearance. Eliot's map is one of the first to recognize the name of the newly formed United States, \"Etats Unis,\" as seen by the inclusion of the phrase in the title cartouche, referring to Eliot's title of U.S. Engineer under his name. In this regard, Eliot's map is related to another map recognizing the newly named United States, namely Vaugondy's \"Carte du Canada et des Etats-Unis de l'Amérique Septentrionale.\" Both maps were published in 1778, and both incorporate the phrase \"Etats Unis\" in their title cartouches, however, it is unclear which map was actually produced first.","Bernard Ratzer, a Lieutenant in the Royal Artillery, prepared a survey of New Jersey in 1769 to assist the Boundary Commission in settling a long standing boundary dispute between the states of New York and New Jersey. London mapmaker William Faden published Ratzer's survey as a finished map in 1777 in his North American Atlas. Published during the American Revolution, the map depicts the area known to George Washington before the Battle of Monmouth, and shows the fortification at Valley Forge. Despite having several errors of location, the map is finely executed, and contains an elaborate cartouche of a farmhouse with landscape in the upper left corner. Displayed here is the first English edition of the map. A French derivative of this map by Georges-Louis LeRouge may be viewed online at: http://maps.bpl.org/id/rb15252.","This rare and unique map was produced by inventor and amateur mapmaker John Fitch, in an attempt to raise funds to support his newly invented steamboat. Fitch made and engraved the map himself, and printed it in Philadelphia on a cider press. Unfortunately for Fitch, the map never sold well, and the geography displayed on the map was well out-of-date by the time the Old Northwest was settled after being released from British and Native American control.","Ink and watercolor manuscript view from Boston looking southeast towards Dorchester and Castle Island. Shows British soldiers and parts of the encampment and town.","Pencil manuscript view of the Charles River.","Four views of the siege of Gibraltar. Includes \"La premiere representation de les X batteries flottantes\" ; \"Seconde representation des batteries flottantes\" ; \"Se general elliot recu les vivres et munitions de l'angleterre\" ; \"Prospect der IV blate von Gibraltar\".","The map depicts the opening of the British Southern offensive of 1778.","This rare map of New Hampshire was prepared from surveys by Samuel Holland - famed engineer who entered British service during the French and Indian War (1754-1763). The map depicts New Hampshire in great detail, illustrating rivers, streams, lakes, elevations, township boundaries, roads, and structures. Two great arcs delineate the boundary of a parcel known as \"Mason's Curve.\" The parcel, owned by John Mason (1586-1635), was originally located between the Merrimack and Kennebeck Rivers, however in 1748 was sold by one of Mason's descendants to twelve investors from Portsmouth. It is believed these investors commissioned the surveys in 1768-69 to more accurately locate the boundary of the landholding.","Subject: ships on the Saint Lawrence River with a rowboats full of troops disembarking below cliffs; battle in progress on heights above river.","Produced for the French Navy, the rare chart displayed here was the best available chart of this region for the time, and was used by all naval forces involved in combat during the American Revolutionary War. The information on this very detailed chart was based primarily on the work of American Anthony Smith, a local Chesapeake Bay pilot of St. Mary's County. The chart was consulted by Admiral de Grasse in his victory over the British off the Chesapeake Capes on September 5, 1781.","Color manuscript map by Kosciuszko showing encampments and military positions in the battles of Saratoga.","Colored manuscript map of the 1758 siege of Louisbourg showing ships, troop positions, camps and batteries. Includes references to points of interest, notes and description of the English fleet.","Colored manuscript map of the 1758 siege of Louisbourg showing ships, troop positions, and batteries. Includes references to points of interest. Oriented with north to the upper right. Colored manuscript map of Cape Breton Island showing fortifications and batteries. Includes a table listing troop distribution, references to points of interest, and notes.","Displayed here is the first state of Lattre's plan of Boston. The plan here was also separately issued. Describing Boston in the years before the American Revolutionary war, the plan includes information on shoals, soundings in the harbor, and the surrounding countryside. Lattre was the Royal Engraver to Louis XVI from 1776 to 1782, and is most famous for his \"Carte des Etats-Unis ...,\" also in the Richard H. Brown collection.","Pencil manuscript view of the ruins of Charlestown after the Battle of Bunker Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","2 sheets.  Ink and watercolor manuscript map and key. Map shows fortifications and rough features of the peninsula of Boston. Key indicates the order of battle of British troops. The disposition of troops on July 17th, 1775 was possibly intended to be added to the map.","This rare map depicts Long Island, New York City, and the Connecticut coastline north to Stonington Bay. Muller took the geography on this map directly from Thomas Jeffery's 1755 map titled \"A Map of the Most Inhabited Part of New England ...\" The copy displayed here was most likely issued separately from its original pamphlet, and may have been bound unfolded into a folio composite atlas produced during the American Revolutionary War era.","Moses Park, a surveyor from Preston, Connecticut, executed this map in 1766 with the assistance of Asa Spaulding of Norwalk and Samuel Mott of Preston. Displayed here is the second state of the map, which differs from the first state in the collection of the Clements Library at the University of Michigan. In this state, an \"e\" has been added to the name of Shelburne, and \"Connecticut R.\" is seen on the bend of the river above Hadham. Other locational changes have been made in this state as well.","Shows the boundaries established by the preliminary Treaty of Peace, signed 30 November 1782, and published prior to the signing of the formal Treaty on 3 September 1783. Includes a detailed plan of the Siege of Yorktown.","The map displayed here is an unrecorded version of a German broadside known only at the Library of Congress. This state is unique in that it was sold by a different person, and there are differences in the text portion of the broadside. It is a variant state of LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 142.","Shows the east coast from the Gulf of the St. Lawrence to the Carolinas, and the interior as far west as the Mississippi Valley. Displayed here is the first state of the map, lacking the inset of Fort Frederick.","The plan displayed here depicts the Siege of Charleston, S.C., conducted by the British forces in early 1780. In February 1780, British General Henry Clinton's army arrived thirty miles south of Charleston, and began their assault on the city, which was protected by an American force commanded by Gen. Benjamin Lincoln. The British took control of the sea, and effectively cut the American off from any support. This plan was produced for Tarleton's memoir \"A History of the Campaigns of 1780 and 1781, in the Southern Provinces of North America.\" The plan was produced on very heavy laid paper, and does not present any folds or pagination. This plan may be a pre-publication proof or a presentation copy.","This general map of the Americas was produced by the firm of Vaugondy. Gilles Robert de Vaugondy was the leading French globemaker of the 18th century, and was appointed geographer to Louis XV in 1734. Like \"L'Amerique divise?e en ses principaux Etats\" by Lattre and Bonne from 1788, this map shows the new boundaries of North America as a result of the Treaty of Paris in 1783. The newly created United States, along with Spanish lands in the south are clearly delineated. This may be the fourth state of the map, however it is not listed in Pedley's \"Bel et Utile.\"","Shows territorial possessions in North America after the Treaty of Paris. Includes the satirical \"Theodolite's letter to the Botcher's Club in Monmouth Street.\" The open letter appears to praise the treaty and the 3rd Earl of Bute, who worked on the treaty, while actually pointing out the weaknesses of the territory gained. Theodolite, a scientific instrument used in surveying, likely represented Bute, who collected such instruments. Botchers were menders such as tailor and cobblers, and Monmouth Street was known for its second-hand shops. The letter was thus from Bute to those with mercantile interests or low connections as Bute?s peers disapproved of him and the treaty. The true author of the letter was likely Sayer or a colleague with similar political sentiments.","De Brahm concentrated his surveying efforts on the east coast of Florida, from St. Augustine south to the Keys. This chart of the southern tip of east Florida was included in the English edition of The Atlantic Pilot, along with a chart of the Gulf Stream and a map of the ancient Florida peninsula. De Brahm's meticulous hydrographic survey work is evident in this chart, with its numerous soundings, outlines of shoals, and inclusion of anchoring places. These surveys were eventually used by Des Barres, and the information was included on the charts which make up The Atlantic Neptune."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Jefferys \u0026 Faden  (London, England)","Robert Sayer and John Bennett (Firm)","Covens et Mortier et Covens, junior","Iaegernsche Buchhandlung","Rocque (M. A.) (Firm)","Mondhare (Firm)","Esnauts et Rapilly","American Philosophical Society","Iagernschen Buchhandlung","Kaiserlich Franciscische Akademie der Freien Künste und Wissenschaften","Homann Erben (Firm)","France. Ingénieurs de l'Armée","Hôtel de Soubise (Paris, France)","Basset (Firm)","Society of Anti-Gallicans","Faden, William, 1749-1836","Korn, Christoph Heinrich, 1726-1783","Simcoe, John Graves, 1752-1806","Heiden, Christian Friedrich von der","Keulen, Gerard van (1678-1726)","Jefferys, Thomas, -1771","Green, John, -1757","Page, Thomas Hyde, Sir, 1746-1821","Blaskowitz, Charles","Montrésor, John, 1736-1799","Hills, John, active 1777-1819","Holland, Samuel, 1728-1801","Bauman, Sebastian","Blamey, Jacob","Werner, S. W.","Barber, J.","Hawkes, W.","De Brahm, John Gerar William, 1717-approximately 1799","Bull, William, 1710-1791","Collet, John (John Abraham)","Bayly, J.","Hooper, S. (Samuel)","Wallis, John, 1714-1793","Le Rouge, Georges-Louis","Vallancey, Charles (Charles Vallancey), 1721-1812","Klockhoff, H. (Hendrik)","Des Barres, Joseph F. W. (Joseph Frederick Wallet), 1729-1824","Wilkinson, William Cumberland","Serres, Dominic, 1719-1793","Ozanne, Pierre, 1737-1813","Robert de Vaugondy, Gilles, 1688-1766","Fortin, J. (Jean), 1740-1817","Mitchell, John, 1711-1768","Millar, Andrew, 1705-1768","Kitchin, Thomas, 1718-1784","Phelipeau, René, active 1748-1784","Cornwallis, Charles Cornwallis, Marquis, 1738-1805","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Rochambeau, Jean-Baptiste-Donatien de Vimeur, comte de, 1725-1807","Jaeger, Johann Christian","Berndt, Johann Christian, 1748-1812","Sayer, Robert, 1725-1794","Ravell, Anthony, 1675-1727","Delarochette, L. (Louis), 1731-1802","Beaurain, Jean de, 1696-1771","Croisey, P.","Blanchard, Joseph, -1758","Langdon, Samuel, 1723-1797","Townshend, Charles, 1725-1767","Blodget, Samuel, 1724-1807","Bonne, Rigobert, 1727-1794","Lattré, Jean","Bowles, Carington, 1724-1793","Brion de la Tour, Louis, 1743-1803","Desnos, Louis-Charles, 1725-1805","Jaillot, Alexis Hubert, 1632?-1712","Byres, John","Bayly, John Abraham, active 1755-1794","Capitaine du Chesnoy, Michel, 1746-1804","Perrier, active 1760-1824","Bowles, John, 1701-1779","Howdell, Thomas (1747-1771)","Canot, Pierre Charles, 1710-1777","Denis, Louis, 1725-1794","Donnhäuser, Johann David, 1752-1789","Dumas, Mathieu, comte, 1753-1837","Rocque, John, -1762","Durnford, Desmaretz, -1782","Franklin, Benjamin, 1706-1790","Easburn, Benjamin","André, Peter","Eliot, J. B.","Eynon, R.","Ratzer, Bernard","Bancker, Gerard, 1740-1799","Sauthier, Claude Joseph","Fisher, Thomas, 1741-1810","Smither, James","Fitch, John, 1743-1798","Fry, Joshua, approximately 1700-1754","Jefferson, Peter, 1708-1757","Gage, Thomas, 1721-1787","Aitken, Robert, 1735-1802","Gascoigne, John","Gerlach, P., Deputy Quarter Master General","Grasse, François Joseph Paul de Grasse, comte de, 1722-1788","Graves, Thomas Graves, 1725?-1802","Williams, Richard, -1776","Will, Johann Martin, 1727-1806","Grevingen, F. de","Maugein, Charles","Rolffsen, F. N., approximately 1719-1802","Zell, J. M.","Bergmiller (Engraver)","Winckler, Jean Benoit","Archibald, Campbell, Lieut. Col. 71st Regt.","Berger, Daniel","Cheevers, T.","Imbert, J. Leopold","Anville, Jean Baptiste Bourguignon d', 1697-1782","Kilian, Georg Christoph, 1709-1781","Lodge, John, -1796","Scull, Nicholas, 1686?-1761?","Heap, George, active 1715-1760","Smyth, Hervey, 1734-1811","Benazech, Peter (Peter Paul), 1730?-1798","Sandby, Paul, 1731-1809","Swain, Francis, active 1740-1782","Smith, Anthony, pilot of St. Marys","Stobo, Robert, 1726-1770","Kościuszko, Tadeusz, 1746-1817","Lartigue, Pierre-Jerome, 1729-1772","Rigaudiere, Chevalier","Leach, J.","Lotter, Matthäus Albrecht, 1741-1810","Moithey, Maurille Antoine, 1732-1805","Andrews, Peter, active 1765-1782","Müller, J. C. (Johann Carl)","Orme, Robert, -1781","Moses, Park, active 1766-","Lansdowne, William Petty, Marquis of, 1737-1805","Nolin, Jean Baptiste, 1686-1762","Pingeling, T. A. (Thomas Albrecht), 1727-1803","Ritter, F. C.","Rapin de Thoyras, M. (Paul), 1661-1725","Tindal, N. (Nicholas), 1687-1774","Rhode, Johann Christoph, 1713-1786","Berger, Friedrich Gottlieb, 1713-","Herbert, William","Tarleton, Lieutenant-General (Banastre), 1754-1833","Delamarche, Charles François, 1740-1817","Burgoyne, John, 1722-1792","Halifax, George Montagu-Dunk, Earl of, 1716-1771","Romans, Bernard, 1741?-approximately 1784","Hancock, John, 1737-1793","Andrews, John, 1736-1809","Harris, John, 1756-1846","Braddock, Edward, 1695?-1755","De Foligne, M., Lieutenant du Frigate du Roi","Berthier, Louis-Alexandre, 1753-1815","Harmar, Josiah, 1753-1813","Gibson, J. (John), active 1750-1792"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Jefferys \u0026 Faden  (London, England)","Robert Sayer and John Bennett (Firm)","Covens et Mortier et Covens, junior","Iaegernsche Buchhandlung","Rocque (M. A.) (Firm)","Mondhare (Firm)","Esnauts et Rapilly","American Philosophical Society","Iagernschen Buchhandlung","Kaiserlich Franciscische Akademie der Freien Künste und Wissenschaften","Homann Erben (Firm)","France. Ingénieurs de l'Armée","Hôtel de Soubise (Paris, France)","Basset (Firm)","Society of Anti-Gallicans"],"persname_ssim":["Faden, William, 1749-1836","Korn, Christoph Heinrich, 1726-1783","Simcoe, John Graves, 1752-1806","Heiden, Christian Friedrich von der","Keulen, Gerard van (1678-1726)","Jefferys, Thomas, -1771","Green, John, -1757","Page, Thomas Hyde, Sir, 1746-1821","Blaskowitz, Charles","Montrésor, John, 1736-1799","Hills, John, active 1777-1819","Holland, Samuel, 1728-1801","Bauman, Sebastian","Blamey, Jacob","Werner, S. W.","Barber, J.","Hawkes, W.","De Brahm, John Gerar William, 1717-approximately 1799","Bull, William, 1710-1791","Collet, John (John Abraham)","Bayly, J.","Hooper, S. (Samuel)","Wallis, John, 1714-1793","Le Rouge, Georges-Louis","Vallancey, Charles (Charles Vallancey), 1721-1812","Klockhoff, H. (Hendrik)","Des Barres, Joseph F. W. (Joseph Frederick Wallet), 1729-1824","Wilkinson, William Cumberland","Serres, Dominic, 1719-1793","Ozanne, Pierre, 1737-1813","Robert de Vaugondy, Gilles, 1688-1766","Fortin, J. (Jean), 1740-1817","Mitchell, John, 1711-1768","Millar, Andrew, 1705-1768","Kitchin, Thomas, 1718-1784","Phelipeau, René, active 1748-1784","Cornwallis, Charles Cornwallis, Marquis, 1738-1805","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Rochambeau, Jean-Baptiste-Donatien de Vimeur, comte de, 1725-1807","Jaeger, Johann Christian","Berndt, Johann Christian, 1748-1812","Sayer, Robert, 1725-1794","Ravell, Anthony, 1675-1727","Delarochette, L. (Louis), 1731-1802","Beaurain, Jean de, 1696-1771","Croisey, P.","Blanchard, Joseph, -1758","Langdon, Samuel, 1723-1797","Townshend, Charles, 1725-1767","Blodget, Samuel, 1724-1807","Bonne, Rigobert, 1727-1794","Lattré, Jean","Bowles, Carington, 1724-1793","Brion de la Tour, Louis, 1743-1803","Desnos, Louis-Charles, 1725-1805","Jaillot, Alexis Hubert, 1632?-1712","Byres, John","Bayly, John Abraham, active 1755-1794","Capitaine du Chesnoy, Michel, 1746-1804","Perrier, active 1760-1824","Bowles, John, 1701-1779","Howdell, Thomas (1747-1771)","Canot, Pierre Charles, 1710-1777","Denis, Louis, 1725-1794","Donnhäuser, Johann David, 1752-1789","Dumas, Mathieu, comte, 1753-1837","Rocque, John, -1762","Durnford, Desmaretz, -1782","Franklin, Benjamin, 1706-1790","Easburn, Benjamin","André, Peter","Eliot, J. B.","Eynon, R.","Ratzer, Bernard","Bancker, Gerard, 1740-1799","Sauthier, Claude Joseph","Fisher, Thomas, 1741-1810","Smither, James","Fitch, John, 1743-1798","Fry, Joshua, approximately 1700-1754","Jefferson, Peter, 1708-1757","Gage, Thomas, 1721-1787","Aitken, Robert, 1735-1802","Gascoigne, John","Gerlach, P., Deputy Quarter Master General","Grasse, François Joseph Paul de Grasse, comte de, 1722-1788","Graves, Thomas Graves, 1725?-1802","Williams, Richard, -1776","Will, Johann Martin, 1727-1806","Grevingen, F. de","Maugein, Charles","Rolffsen, F. N., approximately 1719-1802","Zell, J. M.","Bergmiller (Engraver)","Winckler, Jean Benoit","Archibald, Campbell, Lieut. Col. 71st Regt.","Berger, Daniel","Cheevers, T.","Imbert, J. Leopold","Anville, Jean Baptiste Bourguignon d', 1697-1782","Kilian, Georg Christoph, 1709-1781","Lodge, John, -1796","Scull, Nicholas, 1686?-1761?","Heap, George, active 1715-1760","Smyth, Hervey, 1734-1811","Benazech, Peter (Peter Paul), 1730?-1798","Sandby, Paul, 1731-1809","Swain, Francis, active 1740-1782","Smith, Anthony, pilot of St. Marys","Stobo, Robert, 1726-1770","Kościuszko, Tadeusz, 1746-1817","Lartigue, Pierre-Jerome, 1729-1772","Rigaudiere, Chevalier","Leach, J.","Lotter, Matthäus Albrecht, 1741-1810","Moithey, Maurille Antoine, 1732-1805","Andrews, Peter, active 1765-1782","Müller, J. C. (Johann Carl)","Orme, Robert, -1781","Moses, Park, active 1766-","Lansdowne, William Petty, Marquis of, 1737-1805","Nolin, Jean Baptiste, 1686-1762","Pingeling, T. A. (Thomas Albrecht), 1727-1803","Ritter, F. C.","Rapin de Thoyras, M. (Paul), 1661-1725","Tindal, N. (Nicholas), 1687-1774","Rhode, Johann Christoph, 1713-1786","Berger, Friedrich Gottlieb, 1713-","Herbert, William","Tarleton, Lieutenant-General (Banastre), 1754-1833","Delamarche, Charles François, 1740-1817","Burgoyne, John, 1722-1792","Halifax, George Montagu-Dunk, Earl of, 1716-1771","Romans, Bernard, 1741?-approximately 1784","Hancock, John, 1737-1793","Andrews, John, 1736-1809","Harris, John, 1756-1846","Braddock, Edward, 1695?-1755","De Foligne, M., Lieutenant du Frigate du Roi","Berthier, Louis-Alexandre, 1753-1815","Harmar, Josiah, 1753-1813","Gibson, J. (John), active 1750-1792"],"language_ssim":["English \n,        French \n,        German \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":242,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T05:55:09.076Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74_c65"}},{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74_c217","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"A topographical map of the northn. part of New York Island, exhibiting the plan of Fort Washington, now Fort Knyphausen, with the rebels lines to the southward, which were forced by the troops under the command of the Rt. Honble. Earl Percy, on the 16th Novr. 1776, and survey'd immediately after by order of his Lordship","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74_c217#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74_c217","ref_ssm":["vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74_c217"],"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74_c217","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74","parent_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74","parent_ssim":["vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection"],"text":["Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection","A topographical map of the northn. part of New York Island, exhibiting the plan of Fort Washington, now Fort Knyphausen, with the rebels lines to the southward, which were forced by the troops under the command of the Rt. Honble. Earl Percy, on the 16th Novr. 1776, and survey'd immediately after by order of his Lordship","Slightly darkened","Sauthier, Claude Joseph","New York (N.Y.)","Fort Washington (New York, N.Y.)","Fort Washington (New York, N.Y.) -- Capture, 1776","Maps (documents)","English .","Drawer 122 : L : 4","Section 5","Client reference #31; WAG #289168","High Ridge Books Inc., 20 March 1991.","London : Wm. Faden, 1777","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1160. Nebenzahl, Kenneth. A bibliography of printed battle plans, 11","Scale [ca. 1:21,000]. Relief shown by hachures. \"Published by permission of the Rt. Honble. the Commissioners of Trade \u0026 Plantations, by Wm. Faden, 1777.\" Includes references. Variant state labeling columns and showing units northwest of Snake Hill."],"title_filing_ssi":"A topographical map of the northn. part of New York Island, exhibiting the plan of Fort Washington, now Fort Knyphausen, with the rebels lines to the southward, which were forced by the troops under the command of the Rt. Honble. Earl Percy, on the 16th Novr. 1776, and survey'd immediately after by order of his Lordship","title_ssm":["A topographical map of the northn. part of New York Island, exhibiting the plan of Fort Washington, now Fort Knyphausen, with the rebels lines to the southward, which were forced by the troops under the command of the Rt. Honble. Earl Percy, on the 16th Novr. 1776, and survey'd immediately after by order of his Lordship"],"title_tesim":["A topographical map of the northn. part of New York Island, exhibiting the plan of Fort Washington, now Fort Knyphausen, with the rebels lines to the southward, which were forced by the troops under the command of the Rt. Honble. Earl Percy, on the 16th Novr. 1776, and survey'd immediately after by order of his Lordship"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1777"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1777"],"normalized_title_ssm":["A topographical map of the northn. part of New York Island, exhibiting the plan of Fort Washington, now Fort Knyphausen, with the rebels lines to the southward, which were forced by the troops under the command of the Rt. Honble. Earl Percy, on the 16th Novr. 1776, and survey'd immediately after by order of his Lordship"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"collection_ssim":["Richard H. 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The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"date_range_isim":[1777],"names_ssim":["Sauthier, Claude Joseph"],"persname_ssim":["Sauthier, Claude Joseph"],"geogname_ssim":["New York (N.Y.)","Fort Washington (New York, N.Y.)","Fort Washington (New York, N.Y.) -- Capture, 1776"],"geogname_ssm":["New York (N.Y.)","Fort Washington (New York, N.Y.)","Fort Washington (New York, N.Y.) -- Capture, 1776"],"places_ssim":["New York (N.Y.)","Fort Washington (New York, N.Y.)","Fort Washington (New York, N.Y.) -- Capture, 1776"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Maps (documents)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Maps (documents)"],"language_ssim":["English ."],"containers_ssim":["Drawer 122 : L : 4","Section 5"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eClient reference #31; WAG #289168\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHigh Ridge Books Inc., 20 March 1991.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Reference numbers","Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["Client reference #31; WAG #289168","High Ridge Books Inc., 20 March 1991."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLondon : Wm. Faden, 1777\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Created/Published"],"odd_tesim":["London : Wm. Faden, 1777"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1160. Nebenzahl, Kenneth. A bibliography of printed battle plans, 11\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related references"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1160. Nebenzahl, Kenneth. A bibliography of printed battle plans, 11"],"materialspec_html_tesm":["\u003cmaterialspec id=\"aspace_8e1f5756f196d3014069b99d55f1049d\"\u003eScale [ca. 1:21,000]. Relief shown by hachures. \"Published by permission of the Rt. Honble. the Commissioners of Trade \u0026amp; Plantations, by Wm. Faden, 1777.\" Includes references. Variant state labeling columns and showing units northwest of Snake Hill.\u003c/materialspec\u003e"],"materialspec_tesim":["Scale [ca. 1:21,000]. Relief shown by hachures. \"Published by permission of the Rt. Honble. the Commissioners of Trade \u0026 Plantations, by Wm. Faden, 1777.\" Includes references. Variant state labeling columns and showing units northwest of Snake Hill."],"_nest_path_":"/components#216","timestamp":"2026-05-21T05:55:09.076Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_3_resources_74.xml","title_ssm":["Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection"],"title_tesim":["Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["approximately 1740 - 1799"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["approximately 1740 - 1799"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["2019.SC.034","/repositories/3/resources/74"],"text":["2019.SC.034","/repositories/3/resources/74","Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection","United States -- History -- Revolution, 1775-1783","Maps (documents)","This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.","Client reference #104; WAG #289263; IL# 2020-IL-001-083\n","English manuscript map showing Mud Island Fort and artillery batteries in the surrounding area.","Client reference #21; WAG #289150","Martayan Lan, 31 March 1992.","Client reference #20; WAG #289148","Richard B. Arkway, 10 February 1991.","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 7 April 1995.","Client reference #18; WAG #289146","Client reference 17;\t WAG 289144","Richard Arkway, 8 February 1994.","Client Reference # 13 ; WAG # 289139","Client reference #22; WAG #289151","Martayan Lan, 26 September 1991.","Client reference #26; WAG #289159","Richard Arkway, 17 December 1996.","Client reference #27; WAG #289162","McGowan Book Company, 25 July 1994.","Client reference #30; WAG #289166","Martayan Lan, 26 September 1991.","Client reference #32; WAG #289170","Martayan Lan, 8 November 1991.","Client reference #33; WAG #289171","Richard B. Arkway, 7 February 1996.","Client Reference # 15 ; WAG # 289142","Boston Rare Maps ; Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 2 February 1998","Client reference # 12 ; WAG# 289136","Libraire Le Bail, Paris, 5 January 2010","Client reference 38; WAG #289177","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 9 December 1999.","Client reference #42; WAG #289184","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 25 April 1994.","Client reference #43; WAG #289187","Richard B. Arkway, 10 September 1997.","Client reference #51; WAG #289200","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 21 December 1993.","Client reference #59; WAG #289214","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 24 June 1993.","Client reference #63; WAG #289220","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 17 December 2003.","Client reference #64; WAG #289222","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 17 December 2003.","Client reference #71; WAG #289231","Richard Arkway, 16 May 1997.","Client reference #75; WAG #289235","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 27 June 1996.","Client reference #61; WAG #289217","Marayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 18 March 1993.","Client reference #82; WAG # 289242","Richard Arkway, 10 Mar 1992.","Client reference #86; WAG #289246","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 9 January 2001.","Client #88; WAG #289248","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 27 June 1996.","Client Reference # 89 ; WAG # 289249","Martayan Lan, 7 September 1995.","Client reference #90; WAG #289250","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 22 April 1992.","Client reference #91; WAG #289251","Richard Arkway, 17 December 1996.","Client reference #99; WAG #289258","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 19 April 1993.","Client references #103; WAG #289262","High Ridge Books, 20 April 1995.","Client reference #108; WAG #289267","Libraire Ancienne des Trois Islets, 8 April 2011.","Client reference #110; WAG #289269","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 14 June 1995.","Client reference #118; WAG #289276","Martayan Lan LLC, 12 September 1997.","Client reference #138; WAG #289288","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro, 19 June 2007.","Client reference #141; WAG #289291","Richard B. Arkway, 17 December 1996.","Client reference #160; WAG #289300","Richard Arkway, 8 February 1994.","Client reference #198; WAG #289311","Richard Arkway, 26 September 1991.","Client reference #279; WAG #289329","Richard B. Arkway, 14 September 1994.","Client reference #281; WAG #289331","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 8 May 1992.","Client reference #282; WAG #289332","Richard B. Arkway, 20 January 1999.","Client reference #250;l WAG #289348","Purchased Sotheby's December 11, 2007.","Client reference #269; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #270; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #271; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client #272; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #261; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #262; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #263; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference # 264 ; WAG# 289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #265; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #266; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #267; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #268; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #303","Client reference #304","Client reference #306","Client reference #307.","Client reference #305","Client Ref: B33 ; WAG# 289344; IL# 2020-IL-001-021","Client reference #67; WAG #289227; IL# 2020-IL-001-043","Client reference #19; WAG #289147","Richard B. Arkway, 10 February 1997.","Client reference #114; WAG #289273; IL# 2020-IL-001-045","Boston Rare Maps, 2 November 2011.","Client reference #230; WAG #289315; IL# 2020-IL-001-046","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (purchase at Christie's 2607 sale on 7 December 2012), 2 January 2013.","Client reference #145; WAG #13773/289295; IL# 2020-IL-001-047","Arader Galleries, 8 November 2006.","Client reference #117; WAG #289275; IL# 2020-IL-001-048","Sothebys, 5 December 2005.","Client reference #29; WAG #289163; IL# 2020-IL-001-049","The Philadelphia Print Shop LTD., 13 December 2003.","Client reference #111; WAG #289270; IL# 2020-IL-001-050","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 7 April 2008.","Client reference #254; WAG #289325","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro, 19 June 2007.","Client reference #161; WAG #289301; IL# 2020-IL-001-052","Cogen \u0026 Taliaferro, 19 June 2007.","Client reference #172; WAG #289307; IL# 2020-IL-001-053","Jonathan Potter Limited, 9 March 2009.","Client reference #96; WAG #289256; IL# 2020-IL-001-054","Richard B. Arkway, Inc., 23 February 2004.","Client reference #167; WAG #289302; IL# 2020-IL-001-055","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 14 April 2005.","Client reference #171; WAG #289306; IL# 2020-IL-001-056","Jonathan Potter Limited, 27 September 2007.","Client reference #124; WAG #289343; IL# 2020-IL-001-057","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 22 May 2007.","Client reference #125; WAG #289343; IL# 2020-IL-001-058","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 22 May 2007.","Client reference #126; WAG #289343; IL# 2020-IL-001-059","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 22 May 2007.","Client reference #127; WAG #289343; IL# 2020-IL-001-060","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 22 May 2007.","Client reference #245; WAG #289320; IL# 2020-IL-001-061","Northeast Auctions, Portsmouth NH, 17 August 2014.","Client reference #143; WAG #289293","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 21 July 1995.","Client reference #45; WAG #289190; IL# 2020-IL-001-063","Jonathan Potter Limited, 9 July 2004.","Client reference #123; WAG #289281; IL# 2020-IL-001-064","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 22 May 2007.","Client reference #253; WAG #289324; IL# 2020-IL-001-095","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 12 February 2003.","Client reference #9; WAG #289354","Four of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps, 5 Jul 2011.","Client reference #54; WAG #289204; IL# 2020-IL-001-065","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 27 June 1996.","Client reference #149; WAG #289297; IL# 2020-IL-001-066","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 14 April 2005.","Client reference #246, 247; WAG #289347; IL# 2020-IL-001-067","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 13 April 2015.","Client reference #184; WAG #289309; IL# 2020-IL-001-068","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 6 May 2009.","Client reference #36; WAG #289175; IL #2020-IL-001-069","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 22 February 2008.","Client reference #25; WAG #289158; IL# 2020-IL-001-070","Boston Rare Maps, 20 November 2007.","Client reference #199; WAG #289312","Richard Arkway, 10 December 1991.","Client reference #41; WAG #289418; IL# 2020-IL-001-072","Richard B. Arkway, 14 September 1994.","Client reference #95; WAG #289255; IL# 2020-IL-001-073","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 11 March 2005.","Client reference #73; WAG #289233; IL# 2020-IL-001-074","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 29 March 2006.","Client reference #85; WAG #289245; IL# 2020-IL-001-075","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (purchase at Sotheby's 8211 sale lot 216 on 15 June 2006), 19 June 2006.","Client reference #81; WAG #289241; IL# 2020-IL-001-076","The Philadelphia Print Shop LTD., 7 November 1991.","Client reference #55; WAG #289206; IL# 2020-IL-001-077","The Philadelphia Print Shop LTD., 27 June 1991.","Client reference #56; WAG #289208; IL# 2020-IL-001-078","Richard Arkway, 17 December 1996.","Client reference #121; WAG #289279","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 14 January 1999.","Client reference #52; WAG #289201; IL# 2020-IL-001-080","The Philadelphia Print Shop LTD., 17 September 1990.","Client reference #48; WAG #289195","Martayan Lan, 8 November 1991.","Client reference #275; WAG #289327","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 6 January 1994.","Richard Arkway, 26 July 2004.","Client reference #140; WAG #289290","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 16 December 1999.","Client reference #255; WAG #289326","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 4 March 1993.","Client reference #280; WAG #289330","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 16 May 1997.","Client reference #113; WAG #289272; IL# 2020-IL-001-087","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 22 February 2008.","Boston Rare Maps, 20 November 2007.","Client reference #84; WAG #289244; IL# 2020-IL-001-089","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 5 December 2001.","Client reference #57; WAG #289210","Richard Arkway, 17 December 1996.","Client # 107; WAG #289266; IL# 2020-IL-001-182","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (bought at Swann Auction sale 2074 on 30 March 2006), 3 April 2006.","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","Client reference #98; WAG #289257; IL# 2020-IL-001-183","Richard B. Arkway, Inc. 30 November 2004.","Client reference #148; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-184","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.","Client reference #150; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-185","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.","Client reference #151; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-186","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.","Client reference #152; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-187","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.","Client reference #153; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-188","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.","Client reference #154; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-189","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.","Client reference 3 add ; WAG# 289351; IL# 2020-IL-001-210x","Boston Rare Maps, 26 June 2018 (revised 13 July 2018)","Client reference #155; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-190","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.","Client reference #156; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-191","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.","Client reference #157; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-192","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.","WAG #289345","WAG #289345","Client reference #130; WAG #289283","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 27 May 1993.","Client reference #79; WAG #289239; IL# 2020-IL-001-092","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 7 July 2010.","Client reference #101; WAG #289260; IL# 2020-IL-001-093","Richard B. Arkway, Inc. 30 November 2004.","Client reference #252; WAG #289323; IL# 2020-IL-001-094","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 12 February 2003.","Client reference #173; WAG #289308","Bonhams, 2 December 2010.","Client reference #77; WAG #289237; 2020-IL-001-097","H.P. Kraus, 7 July 1997.","Client reference #158; WAG #289298; IL# 2020-IL-001-098","Client reference #44; WAG #289188\nPrevious IL #: 2020-IL-001-099","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 8 February 2008.","Client reference #46; WAG #289193; Previous IL# 2020-IL-001-100","Client reference #162; WAG #289346; IL# 2020-IL-001-101","Richard Arkway, 13 July 1999.","Client reference #11; WAG #289354","Four of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps, 5 Jul 2011.","Client reference #163; WAG #289346; IL# 2020-IL-001-102","Richard Arkway, 13 July 1999.","Client reference #164; WAG #289346; IL# 2020-IL-001-103","Richard Arkway, 13 July 1999.","Client reference #5; WAG #289354","Four of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps, 5 Jul 2011.","Client reference #283; WAG #289417","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 7 July 1994.","Client reference #277; WAG #289328; IL# 2020-IL-001-170","The Philadelphia Print Shop LTD., 1 September 1995.","Client reference #106; WAG #289265; IL# 2020-IL-001-171","William Reese Company, 25 March 2008.","Client reference #119; WAG #289277; IL# 2020-IL-001-172","Richard B. Arkway, 19 June 2007.","Client reference #169; WAG #289304; IL# 2020-IL-001-173","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 5 June 2007.","Client reference #170; WAG #289305\nPrevious IL #: 2020-IL-001-174","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 19 December 2005.","Client reference #201; WAG #289314; IL# 2020-IL-001-175","Boston Rare Maps, 25 September 2012.","Client reference #100; WAG #289259; IL# 2020-IL-001-176","Richard B. Arkway, Inc. 30 November 2004.","Client reference #58; WAG #289213; IL# 2020-IL-001-177","William Reese Company, 11 April 2011.","Client reference #165; WAG #289346; IL# 2020-IL-001-104","Richard Arkway, 13 July 1999.","Client reference #166; WAG #289346; IL# 2020-IL-001-105","Richard Arkway, 13 July 1999.","Client reference #284; WAG #289346; IL# 2020-IL-001-106","Richard Arkway, 13 July 1999.","Client reference #231; WAG #289316; IL# 2020-IL-001-107","Boston Rare Maps, 23 May 2013.","Client reference #234; WAG #289319; IL# 2020-IL-001-108","Sotheby's, 5 December 2013.","Client reference #232; WAG #289319","Sotheby's New York, 11 June 2013, lot #83.","Client reference #40; WAG #289181; IL# 2020-IL-001-110","Boston Rare Maps, 27 September 2012.","Client reference #197; WAG #289310; IL# 2020-IL-001-111","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 2 March 2007.","Client reference #65; WAG #289224; IL# 2020-IL-001-112","Shapero Rare Books, 4 April 2010.","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","Alexander Gallery, 27 January 2014. Charles Bigelow (b. 1884) of Boston, by direct descent to his grand daughter","Client reference #60; WAG #289216; IL# 2020-IL-001-113","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 23 October 2007.","Client reference #105; WAG #289264; IL# 2020-IL-001-114","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 8 July 2011.","Client reference #70; WAG #289230; IL# 2020-IL-001-115","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 26 June 2008.","Client reference #76; WAG #289236; IL# 2020-IL-001-116","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 27 June 1996.","Client reference #68; WAG #289228; IL# 2020-IL-001-117","Bernard Shapero Rare Books, 2 May 2008.","Client reference #37; WAG #289176; IL# 2020-IL-001-118","Client reference #134; WAG #289284","The Old Print Gallery, 3 May 1991.","Client reference #147; WAG #289344; IL# 2020-IL-001-120","Sotheby's New York, 1 December 2005.","Client reference #39; WAG #289179; IL# 2020-IL-001-121","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 28 June 2006.","Client reference #109; WAG #289268; IL# 2020-IL-001-122","Richard B. Arkway, 25 October 1995.","Client reference #122; WAG #289280; IL# 2020-IL-001-123","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 1 June 2005.","Client reference #74; WAG #289234; IL# 2020-IL-001-124","Richard Arkway, 17 December 1996.","Client reference #14; WAG #289140","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 14 June 1995.","Client reference #50; WAG #289199; IL# 2020-IL-001-126","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 15 November 2002.","lient reference #120; WAG #289278; IL# 2020-IL-001-127","Richard B. Arkway, 19 June 2007.","Client reference #102; WAG #289261; IL# 2020-IL-001-128","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 22 February 2010.","Client reference #291; WAG #289350; IL# 2020-IL-001-129","William Reese Co, 7 April 2014.","Previously owned by \"Charles R. Sanders Jr of Halifax County Virginia\".","Client reference #292; WAG #289350; IL# 2020-IL-001-130","William Reese Co, 7 April 2014.","Previously owned by \"Charles R. Sanders Jr of Halifax County Virginia\".","Client reference #293; WAG #289350; IL# 2020-IL-001-131","William Reese Co, 7 April 2014.","Previously owned by \"Charles R. Sanders Jr of Halifax County Virginia\".","Client reference #294; WAG #289350; IL# 2020-IL-001-132","William Reese Co, 7 April 2014.","Previously owned by \"Charles R. Sanders Jr of Halifax County Virginia\".","Client reference #295; WAG #289350; IL# 2020-IL-001-133","William Reese Co, 7 April 2014.","Previously owned by \"Charles R. Sanders Jr of Halifax County Virginia\".","Client reference #296; WAG #289350; IL# 2020-IL-001-134","William Reese Co, 7 April 2014.","Previously owned by \"Charles R. Sanders Jr of Halifax County Virginia\".","Client reference #128; WAG #289282; IL# 2020-IL-001-135","Arader Galleries, 23 November 2003.","Client reference #249; WAG #289322; IL# 2020-IL-001-136","Cohen and Taliaferro LLC, 5 June 2014.","Client reference #93; WAG #289253; IL# 2020-IL-001-137","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 10 May 2004.","Client reference #24; WAG #289156","Boston Rare Maps, 6 March 2006.","Client reference #146; WAG #289296","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 14 January 1999.","Client reference #168; WAG #289303; IL# 2020-IL-001-140","Clive A. Burden, 11 May 2012, (from Sotheby's New York for client).","Client reference #69; WAG #289229\nPrevious IL #: 2020-IL-001-168","Clive Burden, 19 April 2011.","Client reference #78; WAG #289238; IL# 2020-IL-001-156","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 19 December 2005.","Client reference #83; WAG #289243","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 7 September 1995.","Client reference #66; WAG #289226; IL# 2020-IL-001-179","Boston Rare Maps, 30 May 2008.","Client reference #62; WAG #289218; IL# 2020-IL-001-180","Martayan Lan, 24 June 1992.","Jonathan Potter Limited, 18 December 2007.","Client reference #135; WAG #289285","Client reference #80; WAG #289240","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 14 June 1995.","Client reference #112; WAG #289271; IL# 2020-IL-001-142","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 13 May 2004.","lient reference #159; WAG #289299; IL# 2020-IL-001-143","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 7 April 2008.","lient reference #53; WAG #289203; IL# 2020-IL-001-144","Arader Galleries, 8 November 2006.","Client reference #72; WAG #289232; IL# 2020-IL-001-145","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 11 October 2005.","Client reference #139; WAG #289289; IL# 2020-IL-001-146","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 22 April 1992.","Client reference #94; WAG #289254; IL# 2020-IL-001-147","Marayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 24 April 2001.","Client reference #115; WAG #289274\nPrevious IL #: 2020-IL-001-148","Richard Arkway, 19 June 2007.","Client reference #136; WAG #289286","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 10 March 1992.","Client reference #137; WAG #289287","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 10 March 1992.","Client reference #233; WAG #289318; IL# 2020-IL-001-151","Swann Auction Galleries, 10 October 2013.","Client reference #142; WAG #289292; IL# 2020-IL-001-152","Swann Galleries, New York, 2 June 2011.","Client reference #31; WAG #289168","High Ridge Books Inc., 20 March 1991.","Client reference #49; WAG #289197","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 18 January 1993.","Client reference #92; WAG #289252","Martayan Lan, 26 September 1991.","lient reference #248; WAG #289321; IL# 2020-IL-001-157","Daniel Crouch Rare Books, 15 April 2015.","Client reference #144; WAG #289294; IL# 2020-IL-001-158","Arader Galleries, 8 November 2006.","Client reference#10; WAG #289354","Four of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps, 5 Jul 2011.","Client reference #7; WAG #289354","Four of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps 5 Jul 2011.","Client reference #34; WAG #289173; IL# 2020-IL-001-161","Richard B. Arkway, 19 June 2007.","Client reference #23; WAG #289154; IL# 2020-IL-001-162","Jonathan Potter Limited, 29 November 2005.","Client reference #6; WAG #289354","Four of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps, 5 Jul 2011.","Client reference #8; WAG #289354","Four of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps, 5 Jul 2011.","Client reference #B39; WAG #289180; IL# 2020-IL-001-193x","George S. MacManus Co. (bought at Sotheby's New York 1 December 2005), 5 December 2005. William Guthman Collection of Manuscript, Printed, and Graphic Americana","Client reference #8ADD; WAG #289356; IL# 2020-IL-001-194x","Boston Rare Maps, 12 March 2014.","Client reference #4 ADD; WAG #289352; IL# 2020-IL-001-195x","Martayan Lan \u0026 Augustyn Inc., 31 May 2018.","Client reference #297; WAG #289333; IL# 2020-IL-001-205x","Rouillac, 13 June 2016.","Client reference #1 ADD, 2 ADD; WAG #289342; IL#  2020-IL-001-206x","Map: Christie's, 5 December 2017, lot 8.  Provenance: François-Jean de Beauvoir, Marquis de Chastellux (1734 -1788)","Client reference #7 ADD; WAG #289357","Christie's New York, 19 June 2014.","Client reference #5 ADD; WAG #289353; IL# 2020-IL-001-207x","Boston Rare Maps, 14 June 2006.","lient reference #6 ADD; WAG #289355; IL# 2020-IL-001-208x","Barry Ruderman (purchased at Bonhams Germany), 14 April 2015.","Client Ref # B45 ; WAG # 289191","Client Ref # B45 ; WAG # 289191","Client Ref # B45 ; WAG # 289191","2020-IL-001-122b","Client reference #43B; OCLC number 62820410; WAG # 13773/289186; IL# 2020-IL-001-213x","London: Jeffreys \u0026 Faden, 1775","[London] : Thos. Jefferys, 1774","[London] : Wm. Faden, 1775","[London] : Willm. Faden, 1777","London : William Faden, [1778?]","London : Willm. Faden, 1784","London : Wm. Faden, 1776","London : Wm. Faden, 1776","London : Printed for Robt. Sayer and Jno. Bennett, 1776","London : Printed for R. Sayer and J. Bennett, 1783","London : Wm. Faden, 1776","London : Printed \u0026 sold by A. Dury, 1775","[London] : Wm. Faden, 1778","London : W. Hawkes, 1776","London : T. Jefferys, 1757","London : S. Hooper, 1770","London : John Wallis, 1783","Paris : Chez Le Rouge,1781","[London] : Engraved and published by Wm. Faden, 1783","Amsterdam : Chéz Covens et Mortier, et Covens, junior, 1780-1789","[London] : Wm. Faden, 1775","London? : [s.n.], 1780","London : W. Faden","London : R. Sayer \u0026 J. Bennett, 1780","London : Wm. Faden, 1784","[London] : J.F.W. Des Barres, 1778","Paris : Chez Le Rouge, 1776","Publisher unknown : place of publication unknown, 1778","Paris : Chez Fortin, Ing'r mécanicien du Roi pour les globes et sphères, 1778","[London] : Sold by And: Millar opposite Katharine Street in the Strand, 1755","Paris : Chez le Sr. Phelipeau, 1786","London : Wm. Faden, 1785","[London] : W. Faden, 1777","London : Wm. Faden, 1776","London : Wm. Faden, 1781","Franckfurt am Mayn : Zu finden in der Iaegernschen Buchhandlung, 1776","Franckfurt am Mayn : Zu finden in der Iaegernschen Buchhandlung, 1776","[London] : printed for Robert Sayer in Fleet Street and Thomas Jefferys in the Strand, 1753","Paris : Le Rouge, 1778","Paris : Le Rouge, 1778","Paris : Le Rouge, 1779","Paris : Le Rouge, 1779","Paris : Le Rouge, 1779","Paris : Le Rouge, 1778","Paris : Le Rouge, 1778","London : Wm. Faden, 1776","Paris : Le Rouge, 1779","Paris : Le Rouge, 1779","Paris : Le Rouge, 1779","Paris : Le Rouge, 1779","[London] : printed for Robert Sayer in Fleet Street and Thomas Jefferys in the Strand, 1753","[London] : Printed for Robert Sayer in Fleet Street and Thomas Jefferys in the Strand, 1753","[London] : Printed for Robert Sayer in Fleet Street and Thomas Jefferys in the Strand, 1753.","[London] : Printed for Robert Sayer in Fleet Street and Thomas Jefferys in the Strand, 1753.","[London] : Printed for Robert Sayer in Fleet Street and Thomas Jefferys in the Strand, 1753.","A Paris : chez l'auteur. 1777","Paris : Chez le Chevalier de Beaurain, 1776","Portsmouth, N.H : [publisher not identified], 1761","Unknown","[London] : Wm. Faden, 1777","[London] : T. Jefferys, 1768","Paris : Lattre, 1781","A Paris : Chez Lattré, 1788","London : Carington Bowles, 1785","London : Carington Bowles, 1784","A Paris : Chez Esnauts et Rapilly, 1783","Paris : Chez le Sr. Desnos, 1783-1787","Paris : M. Brion de la Tour, 1783","A Paris : Chez le Sr. Desnos, 1783","London : S. Hooper, 1776","London : S. Hooper, 1776","London : S. Hooper, 1776","London : S. Hooper, 1776","Paris : Chez Perrier ; Chez Fortin, 1778","Amsterdam : Chez C. Mortier \u0026 J. Covens, et Fils, 1782?","London : Printed for John Bowles, 1763?","London : John Bowles ; Robert Sayer ; Thos. Jefferys, 1763?","Augsburg : Christian Friedrich von der Heiden, 1760","A Paris : Chez Basset, 1782","[London] : J.F.W. Des Barres, 1780?","[Frankfurt am Main] : s.n., 1780","London : published acording to the act by M.A. Rocque ... \u0026 A. Dury, 1762","London : Publish'd as the Act directs ... by W. Faden , 1780","A Paris : Chéz Le Rouge, rue des Grands Augustins, 1785","London : Andrew Dury, 1776","Paris : Chez Mondhare, 1778","Paris : Esnauts et Rapilly, 1781?","[London?] : R. Eynon, 1776","[London] : W. Faden, 1778","London : Wm. Faden, 1779","London : Printed for Wm. Faden, 1784","London : Wm. Faden, 1776","London : [Publisher not known], 1778","[London] : Wm. Faden, 1777","London : Wm. Faden, 1777","Philadelphia : American Philosophical Society, 1771","[Place of publication not identified]  : John Fitch, 1785","London : Printed for Robt. Sayer ... \u0026 Thos. Jefferys, 1768","Philadelphia : R. Aitken, 1775","London : [Publisher not identified], 1773?","London : W. Faden, 1780","London : [Publisher not identified], 1784","London : Published by Wm. Faden, Geographer to the King, Charing Cross, 1784","Philadelphia : [Publisher not identified], 1796?","Augsburg : Joh. Martin Will, 1777?","Paris : Chez Perrier et Verrier ; Chez Maugein, 1782?","[Place of publication not identified]  : [Publisher not identified], 1781?","Place of publication not identified]  : [Publisher not identified], 1782?","Franckfurter : Iagernschen Buchhandlung, 1780","Augsburg : l'Academie Imperiale d'Empire des Arts liberaux, 1782?","London : William Faden, May 1st 1780","Berlin : Daniel Berger, 1782","A.V. [Augsburg] : I.M. Will excud, 1782","London : Printed for Wm. Faden, 1784","London : Printed for William Faden, 1784","Nuremburg? : Homann Heirs?, 1780?","London : John Bowles ; Robert Sayer ; Thos. Jefferys, 1763?","London : T. Hutchins, 1778","Paris : Chez Mondhare, 1777","[London] : Thos. Jefferys, 1768","[London] : Thos. Jefferys, 1755","[London] : Thos. Jefferys, 1755","Amsterdam : Gerard Hulst van Keulen, 1783","Augsburg : Christian Friedrich von der Heiden, 1761","Amsterdam : G. Hulst van Keulen, 1784","Amsterdam : Gerard Hulst van Keulen, 1784","Augsburg : Christian Friedrich von der Heiden, 1760","London : Andrew Dury, 1776","London : W. Faden, 1777","London : [Publisher not identified], 1768","London : printed for Robt. Sayer ..., T. Bowles ..., John Bowles \u0026 Son ..., E. Bakewell, \u0026 H. Parker, 1760","Paris : Chèz Le Rouge, 1778","Germany? : [Publisher not identified], 1758-1759?","Augsburg : Joh. Mart. Will, 1777?","[London] : Printed for Robt. Sayer in Fleet Street and Thos. Jefferys at the corner of St. Martins Lane in the Strand, 1768","Amsterdam : G. H. van Keulen, 1784","Amsterdam : G. H. van Keulen, 1784","Amsterdam : Gerard Hulst van Keulen, 1783","A Paris : Chez Lattré, 1784","Paris : Chés Lattré, 1764?","Paris : Chez Le Rouge, 1778","Paris : Chez Le Rouge, 1781","Paris : chez le Rouge, 1755","Paris : Chez Le Rouge, 1778","Paris : Chez Le Rouge, 1782","Paris : Chéz le Rouge, 1782","Paris : Le Rouge, 1756","Paris : Chez Le Rouge, 1776-1777","[Augsburg?] : Mathew Albert and George Frederic Lotter, 1784","Paris : Hôtel de Soubise, 1778","[Paris], 1756","Paris : Chez le Sr. Moithey ... et chez Crepy, 1777","Paris : Mondhare, 1781?","[London] : Sold by A. Dury, 1775","London : Printed \u0026 sold by A. Dury, 1768","Leipzig : Johann Carl Muller, 1776","London : Printed for Robert Sayer, ... and Thomas Jefferys, 1768","London : Printed for Robert Sayer, ... and Thomas Jefferys, 1768","London : Printed for Robert Sayer, ... and Thomas Jefferys, 1768","London : Printed for Robert Sayer, ... and Thomas Jefferys. 1768","London : Printed for Robert Sayer, ... and Thomas Jefferys, 1768","[Place of publication not identified]  : [Publisher not identified], 1766","Paris : Chez Basset, 1783","Hamburg : F. C. Ritter. 1776","London : [J. Harrison], 1785","London : T. Kitchin, 1769?","Berlin : Academia Regia Scientiarum et Elegantium Litterarum, 1755","London : Wm. Herbert ... \u0026 Robt. Sayer, 1755","London : Wm. Faden, 1776","London : W. Faden, 1780","London : [Publisher not identified], 1787","London : Wm. Faden, 1781","[Place of publication not identified]  : [Publisher not identified], 1782?","Paris : Chez Esnauts et Rapilly, rue Saint Jacques à la Ville de Coutances, 1782","Paris : [Publisher not identified], 1786?","Paris : Chez le cit. Delamarche, 1792","London : R. Sayer and J. Bennett, 1776","London : Robt. Sayer and John Bennett, 1780","London : R. Sayer and J. Bennett, 1775","London : Rt. Sayer \u0026 Jno. Bennett, 1776","[London] : John Rocque at Charing Cross, 1750","Amsterdam : Covens and Mortier and Covens junior, 1780","Amsterdam : Covens and Mortier and Covens junior, 1780","Philadelphia : [Publisher not identified], 1775","New Haven : [Publisher not identified], 1777","London : Wm. Faden, 1777","London : Wm. Faden, 1779","[London] : W. Faden, 1777","[London] : R. Sayer, 1763","London : John Andrews ; John Harris, 1781","Augsburg : Christian Friedrich von der Heiden, 1760","Augsburg : Christian Friedrich von der Heiden, 1760","London : Printed for John Bowles ... Robert Sayer ... Thos. Jefferys … Carington Bowles ... and Henry Parker, 1768","London : A. Hamilton, 1776","Augsburg : Christian Friedrich von der Heiden, 1760","Augsburg : Christian Friedrich von der Heiden, 1760","Boston, New England : Printed by Richard Draper, for the Author, 1755","Paris : Chez LeRouge, Rue des Grands Augustins, 1778-1780","Paris : Chez Le Rouge, 1781","Unknown place of publication : Unknown publisher, approximately 1781","London : Jefferys and Faden, 1776","Paris : Chez LeRouge, Rue des Grands Augustins, approximately 1755","Unknown place of publication : Unknown publisher, 1777","London : William Gerrard de Brahm ; P. Andrews sculp, 1771","London : William Gerard De Brahm ; P. Andrews sculp, 1771","London :  William Gerard de Brahm ; P. Andrews sculp, 1771","[Boston] : Printed at Draper's printing-office, 1775","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 902. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 24","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 800.. McCorkle, B. New England in early printed maps, 755.19. Stevens \u0026 Tree. Comparative cartography, 33e","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 933. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 22","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1013. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 35","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 29","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 146.","Comparative cartography [Stevens \u0026 Tree], 14c. Nebenzahl, Kenneth. A bibliography of printed battle plans, 64","Comparative cartography [Stevens \u0026 Tree], 24a. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 47","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1146. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 108","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 813. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 6","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1471. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 189. Exhibited: \"We Are One: Mapping America's Road from Revolution to Independence\" organized by the Norman B. Leventhal Map Center at the Boston Public Library, 2015","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 752","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 44","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 21 December 1993.","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1096. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 110. Comparative cartography [Stevens \u0026 Tree], 43a","LC Maps and charts of North America and the West Indies 1750-1789, 1517","LC Maps and charts of North America and the West Indies 1750-1789, 1500","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 754","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 790","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 93. Phillips. List of Maps of America in the Library of Congress, p. 188","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1052. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 123","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 89","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1180 Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 53","Comparative cartography [Stevens \u0026 Tree], 21a. LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1196 Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 55","Cresswell, Donald H. The American Revolution in Drawings and Prints, 264","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1149. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 112","McCorkle, B. New England in early printed maps, 778.16","Stephenson, R.W. Table for identifying variant editions and impressions of John Mitchell's map of the British and French dominions in North America. LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 39","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1023","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 195","Comparative cartography [Stevens \u0026 Tree], 41e. LC Maps and charts of North America and the West Indies 1750-1789, 1144 Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 107","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 186","Cumming, W. British maps of colonial America, 45","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","Cumming, W. British maps of colonial America, p. 45","Cumming, W. British maps of colonial America, p. 45.","Cumming, W. British maps of colonial America, p. 45.","Cumming, W. British maps of colonial America, p. 45","Cumming, W. British maps of colonial America, p. 45","Initially inventoried with [2023-SC-008-053] 'Plan of the Situation of the American and British Armies'.","LC Maps and charts of North America and the West Indies 1750-1789, 149. McCorkle, B. B. New England in early printed maps, 777.3","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 923. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 18","LC Maps of North America, 870. McCorkle, Barbara. New England in early printed maps, N761.1. Wheat \u0026 Brun. Maps and Charts published in America before 1800 (2nd ed.), 181","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1003 Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 34","Phillips, 1196","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 165","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 101","Wheat, C. Mapping the Transmississippi West, v.1 194","Guthorn, P. American maps and mapmakers, 11(15). Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 94","BM maps, XIV, column 605. Phillips, 595","Deak, G. Picturing New York, 115","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 192 and 192a","Cresswell, Donald H. The American Revolution in drawings and prints, 477","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 88","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 52","De Vorsey, L. Gulf Stream on eighteenth century maps and charts, in The Map collector, 15 (1980), 7 De Vorsey, L. Pioneer charting of the Gulf Stream, in Imago mundi, 28 (1976), 105-120","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 736","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1462. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 193","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1342. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 127","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1327. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 128","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 76. Phillips. Maps of America, p. 786","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 132","Comparative cartography [Stevens \u0026 Tree], 37a. LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1238","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography Of Printed Battle Plans Of The American Revolution 1775-1795, 43","Wheat \u0026 Brun. Maps and charts (2nd ed.), 300","Boyd, T. Poor John Fitch, p. 127-128. Wheat \u0026 Brun. Maps and charts published in America, 660","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1429 Stevens \u0026 Tree. Comparative cartography, 87e","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 5","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 51","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 182","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 129. Phillips. List of Maps of America, p. 299","Nebenzahl, Battle Plans 74. Phillips, MOA 296","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 145","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 873","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 95. Research catalog of maps in the Clements Library, II, p. 284","Deak, G. Picturing New York, 116","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 789","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 153","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 307 Stevens \u0026 Tree. Comparative cartography, 66b","Phillips, 1196","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 29. Stevens \u0026 Tree. Comparative cartography, 51a","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 219","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 219","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 219","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 932.. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 16","Comparative cartography [Stevens \u0026 Tree], 69a LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1319","Cresswell, D. American Revolution in drawings and prints, 371","Phillips, P. List of Maps of America in the Library of Congress, p. 268. Philips 1196","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 219","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 219","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 219","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 750","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 69","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 187","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 37 and 37a","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 38","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1313. Snyder, M. City of Independence, 46 and Fig. 44","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 158","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 161","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 45","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 155","Exhibited: \"We Are One: Mapping America's Road from Revolution to Independence\" organized by the Norman B. Leventhal Map Center at the Boston Public Library, 2015","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1105","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 312","Phillips. List of maps of America, 269. Phillips, 1196","Phillips. List of maps of America, 269. Phillips, 1196","Phillips. List of maps of America, 269. Phillips, 1196","Phillips. List of maps of America, 269. Phillips, 1196","Phillips. List of maps of America, 269. Phillips, 1196","Phillips. List of maps of America, 269. Phillips, 1196","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1022. Wheat \u0026 Brun. Maps and charts published in America, 258","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 751 Wooldridge, W. Mapping Virginia, 152 and 152a","Nebenzahl, Kenneth. A Bibliography Of Printed Battle Plans, 40","Cohen \u0026 Augustyn. Manhattan in maps, 73-76","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 62","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1047","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1181. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 56","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 150","Pedley, M. S. Bel et utile, 450","Phillips, 10316","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 77","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 918 Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 28","Comparative cartography [Stevens \u0026 Tree], 58c","Kershaw, Kenneth. Early printed maps of Canada, vol. 3, no. 599. LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 449","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1023. Wheat \u0026 Brun. Maps and charts published in America, 262","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 828","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution, 12 Wheat \u0026 Brun. Maps and charts published in America, 204","Wheat \u0026 Brun. Maps and charts published in America, 263","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1160. Nebenzahl, Kenneth. A bibliography of printed battle plans, 11","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1070","Comparative cartography [Stevens \u0026 Tree], 45b. LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1056 Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 101","Stevens \u0026 Tree. Comparative cartography, 47b","Cresswell, Donald H. The American Revolution in Drawings and Prints, 357","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 14","7363; Wheat \u0026 Brun 320; Shadwell, American Printmaking no. 22; Sabin 5955","Originally housed with book The Atlantic Pilot.","Originally housed with book The Atlantic Pilot.","Originally housed with book The Atlantic Pilot.","This collection contains approximately 300 rare printed maps, unique manuscript maps, and published texts collected by Richard H. Brown, which pertain to the American Revolutionary War era.","This map and battle plan immortalized what came to be known as the Battle of Bunker Hill. The alphabetic key identifies British regiments and ships and narrates their actions. The plan also shows earthworks held by the Colonial troops. This detailed plan was published in London only five days after news of the battle itself reached England. Given the haste with which it was prepared, its geographic vagueness in the rendering of Charlestown is less surprising than its overall accuracy and detail.","\nRelief shown by hachures. Indexed for points of military interest.","This large, detailed map of New England was compiled by Braddock Mead (alias John Green), and first published by Thomas Jefferys in 1755. Green was an Irish translator, geographer, and editor, as well as one of the most talented British map-makers at mid-century. The map was re-published at the outset of the American Revolution, as it remained the most accurate and detailed survey of New England. Of interest are engraved double lines found beneath certain place-names, including Boston. These lines indicate cities whose longitude had been calculated with the aid of the newly invented marine chronometer.","Page, an English military engineer who served as aide de campe to General Howe during the action, prepared this detailed plan of the Battle of Bunker Hill. It is the best known and most commonly reproduced plan of the battle. Warrens redoubt, fences, and hedgerows are shown in great detail, as well as the lines of march of attacking forces, British ships, and the Corps Hill battery with lines of fire. The position of British troops late in the action is depicted on a separate overlay which accompanies the map.","\"Note: The operations of the column under the command of His Excellency Lieutenant General Knyphausen is engraved from a plan drawn on the spot by S. W. Werner, Leiutt. of Hessian Artillery.\" Includes \"references to the column under the command of Lt. Genl. Earl Cornwallis\" and \"references to the column under the command of His Excellency Lieutt. Genl. Knyphausen.\"","Includes indexes of propietors of land in South Carolina and Georgia. Decorative title cartouche depicting vegetation, manufactured products, and workers. \"To the Right Honourable George Dunk, Earl of Halifax ...\"","Shows rural householders' names. \"Publish'd according to Act of Parliament, May the 1st, 1770, by S. Hooper, No. 25 Ludgate Hill, London.\" Decorative dedication cartouche includes royal coat of arms, a native, and animals. \"To His most Excellent Majesty George the IIId ... this map is most humbly dedicated by ... John Collet.\"","Shows the 13 states, Louisiana, and parts of Canada and Florida. Relief shown pictorially. Prime meridian: London. Decorative title cartouche.","Includes descriptive and historical notes. Translation of Thomas Hutchins' New map of the western part of Virginia, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and North Carolina, 1778.","Shows \"Genl. Howe's track\" from Elk River to Philadelphia, \"Genl. Washington's track,\" and \"Grand American Winter Camp, Jan. 1778\" at Valley Forge. Shows most of New Jersey and parts of Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Delaware. BPL","\"Includes \"References to the fortifications \u0026 ca.\" and \"References to the town.\" An earlier state of LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 933 and Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 22.","Shows operations and ship names. Inset: Plan of the fort.","Depicts a battle between the Americans and two British vessels, at the begining of the New York campaign.","The original wash drawing displayed here was executed by marine painter Pierre Ozanne in 1778. This work was produced during the French naval campaign in America by Ozanne who witnessed the action at the entrance of the Delaware River on July 8, 1778. This battle is considered as the first naval event between the French and the English fleet of that campaign on the American coast.","Wash drawing on paper. View of six ships in the Delaware River, five under the command of Comte d'Estaing. Manuscript note pasted on reads \"Campagne du Vice-Admirale d'Esteing an Amerique, commandant une escadre de 12 vaisseaux et 4 frégattes, sortie de toulon le 13 Avril 1778.\"","Displayed here is the third state of the \"Carte des Pays...de Canada,\" published by Jean Baptiste Fortin who had acquired the stock of the Vaugondy firm. This map is one of the first to recognize the name of the newly formed United States, \"Etats Unis,\" as seen by the inclusion of the phrase in the title cartouche. The map is closely related to J.B. Eliot's \"Carte du Theatre de la Guerre Actuel Entre les Anglais et les Treize Colonies Unies de l'Amerique Septentrionale ...\" Eliot also uses the phrase \"Etats Unis\" in his map, referring to his title of U.S. Engineer under his name. Both Fortin and Eliot published their maps in 1778.","Covers Canada east of Lake Superior and south of James Bay; covers U.S. north of Albemarle Bay (N.C.). Relief shown pictorially. Meridians numbered eastward from unspecified prime (Montréal at E 305°). Believed to be the earliest map to use the name United States of America (in any language). Inset: Supplément pour l'Isle de Terre-Neuve.","First English edition, 3rd impression. Includes text and inset \"A new map of Hudson's Bay and Labrador from the late survey of those coasts.\"","Shows fortifications, troop locations, and ships on the York River.","Shows information to Sept. 3, 1776. Below map: \"An account of the proceedings of His Majesty's forces at the attack of the rebel works on Long Island, on the 27th of August, 1776 : taken from Gen. Howe's letter to Lord George Germaine, principal Secretary of State for the American Department.\" State 5 of the map, with Fort Lee or Ft. Constitution added and Younkers unlabeled.","Title from sheets 1 and 2. All sheets individually titled. Shows nautical exploration routes. Includes text, historical and geographical notes, and tables of comparative astronomical observations.","Shows Carib lands, parishes, settlements, bays, anchorages, and topography.","Shows parishes, settlements, bays, anchorages, topography and shoals.","Shows divisions, settlements, bays, anchorages, topography and shoals","Shows parishes, settlements, bays, anchorages, topography and shoals.","Shows parishes, cities, settlements, roads, churches, windmills, \"cattle mills,\" bays, anchorages, shoals and topography.","Shows harbors, settlements and topography.","Shows parishes, towns, settlements, roads, rivers, bays, anchorages, shoals and topography.","Shows harbors, towns, shoals, anchorages, and topography.","Covers Grand Turk Island, Salt Cay, and smaller islands in the vicinity. Shows topography and shoals.","Shows plantations, roads, settlements, anchorages, shoals and topography.","Shows parishes, towns, bays, anchorages, topography and shoals","Shows nautical exploration routes. Includes text, historical and geographical notes, and tables of comparative astronomical observations.","Sheet three of Green's A chart of North and South America, including the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, with the nearest coasts of Europe, Africa and Asia. Shows nautical exploration routes. Includes text, historical and geographical notes, and tables of comparative astronomical observations.","Sheet five of Green's A chart of North and South America, including the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, with the nearest coasts of Europe, Africa and Asia. Shows nautical exploration routes.Includes text, historical and geographical notes, and tables of comparative astronomical observations.","Sheet six of Green's A chart of North and South America, including the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, with the nearest coasts of Europe, Africa and Asia. Shows nautical exploration routes. Includes text, historical and geographical notes, and tables of comparative astronomical observations.","Sheet four of Green's A chart of North and South America, including the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, with the nearest coasts of Europe, Africa and Asia. Shows nautical exploration routes. Includes text, historical and geographical notes, and tables of comparative astronomical observations.","Highlighted on this fine topographic map of Boston and vicinity are the British and American troops. The American troops are colored red -- the first corps in Cambridge, the second corps opposite Charlestown neck, and the third corps near Roxbury. Among the many strategic topographic features so excellently rendered on this map is Dorchester Heights, which appears devoid of British defensive forces. This serious tactical error was ultimately recognized by General Washington, who occupied the Heights and forced the British to withdraw from the city on March 17, 1776. A note on the map reveals that it is based on an original plan of the siege drawn by order of the British government. Interestingly, the British fortifications on Boston Neck and Castle William Island are greatly exaggerated.","Campaign headquarters map showing military features and events in the New York area from June to November 1776.","This general map of the Americas, produced in Paris in 1788, depicts the political divisions in North America just after the Treaty of Paris was signed in 1783. The Treaty effectively ended the American Revolutionary War. The United States is comprised of land east of the Mississippi River, while Great Britain controls Canada and Spain controls Louisiana, Mexico, Florida and western North America. Also depicted is a large inset of the Canadian Arctic, and another two insets of Caribbean islands, in addition to an elaborately illustrated cartouche.","Map of the Americas designed to show the political divisions in North America immediately following the Treaty of Paris. Relief shown pictorially. Insets: Supplement pour le Nord de L'Amerique ; Isle de la Martinique ; Isle St. Domingue. Elaborate cartouche in lower left.","Michel Capitaine du Chesnoy, the Marquis de Lafayette's map maker, drew this map following the Battle of Monmouth Court House in northeastern New Jersey. After confusion surrounding the Continental Army's orders, the soldiers prevented the British troops from advancing. The battle occurred on a hot June day and hundreds of soldiers died of heatstroke. Women, who came to be referred to collectively as \"Molly Pitcher,\" supported the American troops by bringing water to cool the men and their guns. Although the battle ended inconclusively, it was a turning point for the professionalization of the American army as volunteer French and German military officers provided training.","This rare map was issued just months after Cornwallis' defeat in Yorktown, Va. The copy displayed here, complete with inset plan of the battle of Yorktown and an elaborate cartouche, is the second state of the map. An additional inset in the lower right depicts the colonies from Massachusetts to Delaware, and illustrates the geography upon which Washington and Rochambeau's armies marched on the way to Yorktown. This map conveys the importance of France's assistance to the Americans during the War.","German woodcut of the siege of Charleston, South Carolina in May 1780. The depiction of Charleston is imaginary. Donnhaeuser lacked a view of Charleston so he modified a pre-existing view of an unidentified German city to show the siege. Text describing the siege on verso, titled Nachricht von der belagerung und einnahme der stadt und hafens Charlestown in America.","One of the preferred routes that captains and navigators sailing from America to England learned to use was the Gulf Stream, a strong, warm current that flows north along the Atlantic coast and then east toward Europe. Initially charted by Benjamin Franklin in 1768, this discovery helped ships minimize travel time across the ocean, speeding up the transatlantic voyage for travelers, merchants, and goods. Franklin purchased this 1785 chart, a French adaptation of his original findings, when he served in Paris as a diplomat for the United States during the early years of the republic","Displayed here is the second state of J.B. Eliot's map of the newly formed republic, produced in 1778. This map closely resembles Louis Brion de la Tour's \"Carte du théatre de la guerre entre les Anglais et les Américans\" in appearance. Eliot's map is one of the first to recognize the name of the newly formed United States, \"Etats Unis,\" as seen by the inclusion of the phrase in the title cartouche, referring to Eliot's title of U.S. Engineer under his name. In this regard, Eliot's map is related to another map recognizing the newly named United States, namely Vaugondy's \"Carte du Canada et des Etats-Unis de l'Amérique Septentrionale.\" Both maps were published in 1778, and both incorporate the phrase \"Etats Unis\" in their title cartouches, however, it is unclear which map was actually produced first.","Bernard Ratzer, a Lieutenant in the Royal Artillery, prepared a survey of New Jersey in 1769 to assist the Boundary Commission in settling a long standing boundary dispute between the states of New York and New Jersey. London mapmaker William Faden published Ratzer's survey as a finished map in 1777 in his North American Atlas. Published during the American Revolution, the map depicts the area known to George Washington before the Battle of Monmouth, and shows the fortification at Valley Forge. Despite having several errors of location, the map is finely executed, and contains an elaborate cartouche of a farmhouse with landscape in the upper left corner. Displayed here is the first English edition of the map. A French derivative of this map by Georges-Louis LeRouge may be viewed online at: http://maps.bpl.org/id/rb15252.","This rare and unique map was produced by inventor and amateur mapmaker John Fitch, in an attempt to raise funds to support his newly invented steamboat. Fitch made and engraved the map himself, and printed it in Philadelphia on a cider press. Unfortunately for Fitch, the map never sold well, and the geography displayed on the map was well out-of-date by the time the Old Northwest was settled after being released from British and Native American control.","Ink and watercolor manuscript view from Boston looking southeast towards Dorchester and Castle Island. Shows British soldiers and parts of the encampment and town.","Pencil manuscript view of the Charles River.","Four views of the siege of Gibraltar. Includes \"La premiere representation de les X batteries flottantes\" ; \"Seconde representation des batteries flottantes\" ; \"Se general elliot recu les vivres et munitions de l'angleterre\" ; \"Prospect der IV blate von Gibraltar\".","The map depicts the opening of the British Southern offensive of 1778.","This rare map of New Hampshire was prepared from surveys by Samuel Holland - famed engineer who entered British service during the French and Indian War (1754-1763). The map depicts New Hampshire in great detail, illustrating rivers, streams, lakes, elevations, township boundaries, roads, and structures. Two great arcs delineate the boundary of a parcel known as \"Mason's Curve.\" The parcel, owned by John Mason (1586-1635), was originally located between the Merrimack and Kennebeck Rivers, however in 1748 was sold by one of Mason's descendants to twelve investors from Portsmouth. It is believed these investors commissioned the surveys in 1768-69 to more accurately locate the boundary of the landholding.","Subject: ships on the Saint Lawrence River with a rowboats full of troops disembarking below cliffs; battle in progress on heights above river.","Produced for the French Navy, the rare chart displayed here was the best available chart of this region for the time, and was used by all naval forces involved in combat during the American Revolutionary War. The information on this very detailed chart was based primarily on the work of American Anthony Smith, a local Chesapeake Bay pilot of St. Mary's County. The chart was consulted by Admiral de Grasse in his victory over the British off the Chesapeake Capes on September 5, 1781.","Color manuscript map by Kosciuszko showing encampments and military positions in the battles of Saratoga.","Colored manuscript map of the 1758 siege of Louisbourg showing ships, troop positions, camps and batteries. Includes references to points of interest, notes and description of the English fleet.","Colored manuscript map of the 1758 siege of Louisbourg showing ships, troop positions, and batteries. Includes references to points of interest. Oriented with north to the upper right. Colored manuscript map of Cape Breton Island showing fortifications and batteries. Includes a table listing troop distribution, references to points of interest, and notes.","Displayed here is the first state of Lattre's plan of Boston. The plan here was also separately issued. Describing Boston in the years before the American Revolutionary war, the plan includes information on shoals, soundings in the harbor, and the surrounding countryside. Lattre was the Royal Engraver to Louis XVI from 1776 to 1782, and is most famous for his \"Carte des Etats-Unis ...,\" also in the Richard H. Brown collection.","Pencil manuscript view of the ruins of Charlestown after the Battle of Bunker Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","2 sheets.  Ink and watercolor manuscript map and key. Map shows fortifications and rough features of the peninsula of Boston. Key indicates the order of battle of British troops. The disposition of troops on July 17th, 1775 was possibly intended to be added to the map.","This rare map depicts Long Island, New York City, and the Connecticut coastline north to Stonington Bay. Muller took the geography on this map directly from Thomas Jeffery's 1755 map titled \"A Map of the Most Inhabited Part of New England ...\" The copy displayed here was most likely issued separately from its original pamphlet, and may have been bound unfolded into a folio composite atlas produced during the American Revolutionary War era.","Moses Park, a surveyor from Preston, Connecticut, executed this map in 1766 with the assistance of Asa Spaulding of Norwalk and Samuel Mott of Preston. Displayed here is the second state of the map, which differs from the first state in the collection of the Clements Library at the University of Michigan. In this state, an \"e\" has been added to the name of Shelburne, and \"Connecticut R.\" is seen on the bend of the river above Hadham. Other locational changes have been made in this state as well.","Shows the boundaries established by the preliminary Treaty of Peace, signed 30 November 1782, and published prior to the signing of the formal Treaty on 3 September 1783. Includes a detailed plan of the Siege of Yorktown.","The map displayed here is an unrecorded version of a German broadside known only at the Library of Congress. This state is unique in that it was sold by a different person, and there are differences in the text portion of the broadside. It is a variant state of LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 142.","Shows the east coast from the Gulf of the St. Lawrence to the Carolinas, and the interior as far west as the Mississippi Valley. Displayed here is the first state of the map, lacking the inset of Fort Frederick.","The plan displayed here depicts the Siege of Charleston, S.C., conducted by the British forces in early 1780. In February 1780, British General Henry Clinton's army arrived thirty miles south of Charleston, and began their assault on the city, which was protected by an American force commanded by Gen. Benjamin Lincoln. The British took control of the sea, and effectively cut the American off from any support. This plan was produced for Tarleton's memoir \"A History of the Campaigns of 1780 and 1781, in the Southern Provinces of North America.\" The plan was produced on very heavy laid paper, and does not present any folds or pagination. This plan may be a pre-publication proof or a presentation copy.","This general map of the Americas was produced by the firm of Vaugondy. Gilles Robert de Vaugondy was the leading French globemaker of the 18th century, and was appointed geographer to Louis XV in 1734. Like \"L'Amerique divise?e en ses principaux Etats\" by Lattre and Bonne from 1788, this map shows the new boundaries of North America as a result of the Treaty of Paris in 1783. The newly created United States, along with Spanish lands in the south are clearly delineated. This may be the fourth state of the map, however it is not listed in Pedley's \"Bel et Utile.\"","Shows territorial possessions in North America after the Treaty of Paris. Includes the satirical \"Theodolite's letter to the Botcher's Club in Monmouth Street.\" The open letter appears to praise the treaty and the 3rd Earl of Bute, who worked on the treaty, while actually pointing out the weaknesses of the territory gained. Theodolite, a scientific instrument used in surveying, likely represented Bute, who collected such instruments. Botchers were menders such as tailor and cobblers, and Monmouth Street was known for its second-hand shops. The letter was thus from Bute to those with mercantile interests or low connections as Bute?s peers disapproved of him and the treaty. The true author of the letter was likely Sayer or a colleague with similar political sentiments.","De Brahm concentrated his surveying efforts on the east coast of Florida, from St. Augustine south to the Keys. This chart of the southern tip of east Florida was included in the English edition of The Atlantic Pilot, along with a chart of the Gulf Stream and a map of the ancient Florida peninsula. De Brahm's meticulous hydrographic survey work is evident in this chart, with its numerous soundings, outlines of shoals, and inclusion of anchoring places. These surveys were eventually used by Des Barres, and the information was included on the charts which make up The Atlantic Neptune.","Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Jefferys \u0026 Faden  (London, England)","Robert Sayer and John Bennett (Firm)","Covens et Mortier et Covens, junior","Iaegernsche Buchhandlung","Rocque (M. A.) (Firm)","Mondhare (Firm)","Esnauts et Rapilly","American Philosophical Society","Iagernschen Buchhandlung","Kaiserlich Franciscische Akademie der Freien Künste und Wissenschaften","Homann Erben (Firm)","France. Ingénieurs de l'Armée","Hôtel de Soubise (Paris, France)","Basset (Firm)","Society of Anti-Gallicans","Faden, William, 1749-1836","Korn, Christoph Heinrich, 1726-1783","Simcoe, John Graves, 1752-1806","Heiden, Christian Friedrich von der","Keulen, Gerard van (1678-1726)","Jefferys, Thomas, -1771","Green, John, -1757","Page, Thomas Hyde, Sir, 1746-1821","Blaskowitz, Charles","Montrésor, John, 1736-1799","Hills, John, active 1777-1819","Holland, Samuel, 1728-1801","Bauman, Sebastian","Blamey, Jacob","Werner, S. W.","Barber, J.","Hawkes, W.","De Brahm, John Gerar William, 1717-approximately 1799","Bull, William, 1710-1791","Collet, John (John Abraham)","Bayly, J.","Hooper, S. (Samuel)","Wallis, John, 1714-1793","Le Rouge, Georges-Louis","Vallancey, Charles (Charles Vallancey), 1721-1812","Klockhoff, H. (Hendrik)","Des Barres, Joseph F. W. (Joseph Frederick Wallet), 1729-1824","Wilkinson, William Cumberland","Serres, Dominic, 1719-1793","Ozanne, Pierre, 1737-1813","Robert de Vaugondy, Gilles, 1688-1766","Fortin, J. (Jean), 1740-1817","Mitchell, John, 1711-1768","Millar, Andrew, 1705-1768","Kitchin, Thomas, 1718-1784","Phelipeau, René, active 1748-1784","Cornwallis, Charles Cornwallis, Marquis, 1738-1805","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Rochambeau, Jean-Baptiste-Donatien de Vimeur, comte de, 1725-1807","Jaeger, Johann Christian","Berndt, Johann Christian, 1748-1812","Sayer, Robert, 1725-1794","Ravell, Anthony, 1675-1727","Delarochette, L. (Louis), 1731-1802","Beaurain, Jean de, 1696-1771","Croisey, P.","Blanchard, Joseph, -1758","Langdon, Samuel, 1723-1797","Townshend, Charles, 1725-1767","Blodget, Samuel, 1724-1807","Bonne, Rigobert, 1727-1794","Lattré, Jean","Bowles, Carington, 1724-1793","Brion de la Tour, Louis, 1743-1803","Desnos, Louis-Charles, 1725-1805","Jaillot, Alexis Hubert, 1632?-1712","Byres, John","Bayly, John Abraham, active 1755-1794","Capitaine du Chesnoy, Michel, 1746-1804","Perrier, active 1760-1824","Bowles, John, 1701-1779","Howdell, Thomas (1747-1771)","Canot, Pierre Charles, 1710-1777","Denis, Louis, 1725-1794","Donnhäuser, Johann David, 1752-1789","Dumas, Mathieu, comte, 1753-1837","Rocque, John, -1762","Durnford, Desmaretz, -1782","Franklin, Benjamin, 1706-1790","Easburn, Benjamin","André, Peter","Eliot, J. B.","Eynon, R.","Ratzer, Bernard","Bancker, Gerard, 1740-1799","Sauthier, Claude Joseph","Fisher, Thomas, 1741-1810","Smither, James","Fitch, John, 1743-1798","Fry, Joshua, approximately 1700-1754","Jefferson, Peter, 1708-1757","Gage, Thomas, 1721-1787","Aitken, Robert, 1735-1802","Gascoigne, John","Gerlach, P., Deputy Quarter Master General","Grasse, François Joseph Paul de Grasse, comte de, 1722-1788","Graves, Thomas Graves, 1725?-1802","Williams, Richard, -1776","Will, Johann Martin, 1727-1806","Grevingen, F. de","Maugein, Charles","Rolffsen, F. N., approximately 1719-1802","Zell, J. M.","Bergmiller (Engraver)","Winckler, Jean Benoit","Archibald, Campbell, Lieut. Col. 71st Regt.","Berger, Daniel","Cheevers, T.","Imbert, J. Leopold","Anville, Jean Baptiste Bourguignon d', 1697-1782","Kilian, Georg Christoph, 1709-1781","Lodge, John, -1796","Scull, Nicholas, 1686?-1761?","Heap, George, active 1715-1760","Smyth, Hervey, 1734-1811","Benazech, Peter (Peter Paul), 1730?-1798","Sandby, Paul, 1731-1809","Swain, Francis, active 1740-1782","Smith, Anthony, pilot of St. Marys","Stobo, Robert, 1726-1770","Kościuszko, Tadeusz, 1746-1817","Lartigue, Pierre-Jerome, 1729-1772","Rigaudiere, Chevalier","Leach, J.","Lotter, Matthäus Albrecht, 1741-1810","Moithey, Maurille Antoine, 1732-1805","Andrews, Peter, active 1765-1782","Müller, J. C. (Johann Carl)","Orme, Robert, -1781","Moses, Park, active 1766-","Lansdowne, William Petty, Marquis of, 1737-1805","Nolin, Jean Baptiste, 1686-1762","Pingeling, T. A. (Thomas Albrecht), 1727-1803","Ritter, F. C.","Rapin de Thoyras, M. (Paul), 1661-1725","Tindal, N. (Nicholas), 1687-1774","Rhode, Johann Christoph, 1713-1786","Berger, Friedrich Gottlieb, 1713-","Herbert, William","Tarleton, Lieutenant-General (Banastre), 1754-1833","Delamarche, Charles François, 1740-1817","Burgoyne, John, 1722-1792","Halifax, George Montagu-Dunk, Earl of, 1716-1771","Romans, Bernard, 1741?-approximately 1784","Hancock, John, 1737-1793","Andrews, John, 1736-1809","Harris, John, 1756-1846","Braddock, Edward, 1695?-1755","De Foligne, M., Lieutenant du Frigate du Roi","Berthier, Louis-Alexandre, 1753-1815","Harmar, Josiah, 1753-1813","Gibson, J. (John), active 1750-1792","English \n,        French \n,        German \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["2019.SC.034","/repositories/3/resources/74"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection"],"repository_ssm":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- History -- Revolution, 1775-1783"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- History -- Revolution, 1775-1783"],"creator_ssm":["Faden, William, 1749-1836","Korn, Christoph Heinrich, 1726-1783","Simcoe, John Graves, 1752-1806","Heiden, Christian Friedrich von der","Keulen, Gerard van (1678-1726)"],"creator_ssim":["Faden, William, 1749-1836","Korn, Christoph Heinrich, 1726-1783","Simcoe, John Graves, 1752-1806","Heiden, Christian Friedrich von der","Keulen, Gerard van (1678-1726)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Faden, William, 1749-1836","Korn, Christoph Heinrich, 1726-1783","Simcoe, John Graves, 1752-1806","Heiden, Christian Friedrich von der","Keulen, Gerard van (1678-1726)"],"creators_ssim":["Faden, William, 1749-1836","Korn, Christoph Heinrich, 1726-1783","Simcoe, John Graves, 1752-1806","Heiden, Christian Friedrich von der","Keulen, Gerard van (1678-1726)"],"places_ssim":["United States -- History -- Revolution, 1775-1783"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Maps (documents)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Maps (documents)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["50 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["50 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Maps (documents)"],"date_range_isim":[1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clegalstatus id=\"aspace_b90406ad3efdaf42b8e6aef1e75cd3e9\"\u003eClient reference #104; WAG #289263; IL# 2020-IL-001-083\n\u003c/legalstatus\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.","Client reference #104; WAG #289263; IL# 2020-IL-001-083\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEnglish manuscript map showing Mud Island Fort and artillery batteries in the surrounding area.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Description"],"bioghist_tesim":["English manuscript map showing Mud Island Fort and artillery batteries in the surrounding area."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eClient reference #21; WAG #289150\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan, 31 March 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #20; WAG #289148\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway, 10 February 1991.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 7 April 1995.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #18; WAG #289146\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference 17;\t WAG 289144\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Arkway, 8 February 1994.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient Reference # 13 ; WAG # 289139\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #22; WAG #289151\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan, 26 September 1991.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #26; WAG #289159\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Arkway, 17 December 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #27; WAG #289162\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMcGowan Book Company, 25 July 1994.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #30; WAG #289166\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan, 26 September 1991.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #32; WAG #289170\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan, 8 November 1991.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #33; WAG #289171\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway, 7 February 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient Reference # 15 ; WAG # 289142\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoston Rare Maps ; Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 2 February 1998\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference # 12 ; WAG# 289136\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLibraire Le Bail, Paris, 5 January 2010\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference 38; WAG #289177\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 9 December 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #42; WAG #289184\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 25 April 1994.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #43; WAG #289187\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway, 10 September 1997.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #51; WAG #289200\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 21 December 1993.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #59; WAG #289214\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 24 June 1993.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #63; WAG #289220\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 17 December 2003.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #64; WAG #289222\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 17 December 2003.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #71; WAG #289231\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Arkway, 16 May 1997.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #75; WAG #289235\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 27 June 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #61; WAG #289217\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 18 March 1993.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #82; WAG # 289242\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Arkway, 10 Mar 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #86; WAG #289246\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 9 January 2001.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient #88; WAG #289248\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 27 June 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient Reference # 89 ; WAG # 289249\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan, 7 September 1995.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #90; WAG #289250\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 22 April 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #91; WAG #289251\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Arkway, 17 December 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #99; WAG #289258\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 19 April 1993.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient references #103; WAG #289262\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHigh Ridge Books, 20 April 1995.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #108; WAG #289267\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLibraire Ancienne des Trois Islets, 8 April 2011.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #110; WAG #289269\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 14 June 1995.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #118; WAG #289276\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan LLC, 12 September 1997.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #138; WAG #289288\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro, 19 June 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #141; WAG #289291\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway, 17 December 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #160; WAG #289300\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Arkway, 8 February 1994.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #198; WAG #289311\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Arkway, 26 September 1991.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #279; WAG #289329\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway, 14 September 1994.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #281; WAG #289331\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 8 May 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #282; WAG #289332\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway, 20 January 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #250;l WAG #289348\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePurchased Sotheby's December 11, 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #269; WAG #289349\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #270; WAG #289349\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #271; WAG #289349\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient #272; WAG #289349\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #261; WAG #289349\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #262; WAG #289349\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #263; WAG #289349\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference # 264 ; WAG# 289349\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #265; WAG #289349\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #266; WAG #289349\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #267; WAG #289349\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #268; WAG #289349\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #303\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #304\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #306\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #307.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #305\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient Ref: B33 ; WAG# 289344; IL# 2020-IL-001-021\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #67; WAG #289227; IL# 2020-IL-001-043\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #19; WAG #289147\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway, 10 February 1997.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #114; WAG #289273; IL# 2020-IL-001-045\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoston Rare Maps, 2 November 2011.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #230; WAG #289315; IL# 2020-IL-001-046\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC (purchase at Christie's 2607 sale on 7 December 2012), 2 January 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #145; WAG #13773/289295; IL# 2020-IL-001-047\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArader Galleries, 8 November 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #117; WAG #289275; IL# 2020-IL-001-048\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSothebys, 5 December 2005.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #29; WAG #289163; IL# 2020-IL-001-049\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Philadelphia Print Shop LTD., 13 December 2003.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #111; WAG #289270; IL# 2020-IL-001-050\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 7 April 2008.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #254; WAG #289325\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro, 19 June 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #161; WAG #289301; IL# 2020-IL-001-052\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCogen \u0026amp; Taliaferro, 19 June 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #172; WAG #289307; IL# 2020-IL-001-053\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJonathan Potter Limited, 9 March 2009.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #96; WAG #289256; IL# 2020-IL-001-054\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway, Inc., 23 February 2004.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #167; WAG #289302; IL# 2020-IL-001-055\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 14 April 2005.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #171; WAG #289306; IL# 2020-IL-001-056\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJonathan Potter Limited, 27 September 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #124; WAG #289343; IL# 2020-IL-001-057\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 22 May 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #125; WAG #289343; IL# 2020-IL-001-058\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 22 May 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #126; WAG #289343; IL# 2020-IL-001-059\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 22 May 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #127; WAG #289343; IL# 2020-IL-001-060\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 22 May 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #245; WAG #289320; IL# 2020-IL-001-061\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNortheast Auctions, Portsmouth NH, 17 August 2014.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #143; WAG #289293\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 21 July 1995.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #45; WAG #289190; IL# 2020-IL-001-063\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJonathan Potter Limited, 9 July 2004.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #123; WAG #289281; IL# 2020-IL-001-064\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 22 May 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #253; WAG #289324; IL# 2020-IL-001-095\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 12 February 2003.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #9; WAG #289354\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFour of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps, 5 Jul 2011.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #54; WAG #289204; IL# 2020-IL-001-065\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 27 June 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #149; WAG #289297; IL# 2020-IL-001-066\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 14 April 2005.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #246, 247; WAG #289347; IL# 2020-IL-001-067\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 13 April 2015.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #184; WAG #289309; IL# 2020-IL-001-068\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 6 May 2009.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #36; WAG #289175; IL #2020-IL-001-069\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 22 February 2008.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #25; WAG #289158; IL# 2020-IL-001-070\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoston Rare Maps, 20 November 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #199; WAG #289312\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Arkway, 10 December 1991.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #41; WAG #289418; IL# 2020-IL-001-072\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway, 14 September 1994.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #95; WAG #289255; IL# 2020-IL-001-073\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 11 March 2005.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #73; WAG #289233; IL# 2020-IL-001-074\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 29 March 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #85; WAG #289245; IL# 2020-IL-001-075\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC (purchase at Sotheby's 8211 sale lot 216 on 15 June 2006), 19 June 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #81; WAG #289241; IL# 2020-IL-001-076\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Philadelphia Print Shop LTD., 7 November 1991.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #55; WAG #289206; IL# 2020-IL-001-077\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Philadelphia Print Shop LTD., 27 June 1991.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #56; WAG #289208; IL# 2020-IL-001-078\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Arkway, 17 December 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #121; WAG #289279\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 14 January 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #52; WAG #289201; IL# 2020-IL-001-080\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Philadelphia Print Shop LTD., 17 September 1990.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #48; WAG #289195\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan, 8 November 1991.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #275; WAG #289327\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 6 January 1994.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Arkway, 26 July 2004.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #140; WAG #289290\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 16 December 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #255; WAG #289326\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 4 March 1993.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #280; WAG #289330\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 16 May 1997.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #113; WAG #289272; IL# 2020-IL-001-087\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 22 February 2008.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoston Rare Maps, 20 November 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #84; WAG #289244; IL# 2020-IL-001-089\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 5 December 2001.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #57; WAG #289210\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Arkway, 17 December 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient # 107; WAG #289266; IL# 2020-IL-001-182\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC (bought at Swann Auction sale 2074 on 30 March 2006), 3 April 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWAG #289358\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWAG #289358\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #98; WAG #289257; IL# 2020-IL-001-183\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway, Inc. 30 November 2004.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #148; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-184\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #150; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-185\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #151; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-186\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #152; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-187\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #153; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-188\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #154; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-189\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference 3 add ; WAG# 289351; IL# 2020-IL-001-210x\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoston Rare Maps, 26 June 2018 (revised 13 July 2018)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #155; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-190\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #156; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-191\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #157; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-192\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWAG #289345\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWAG #289345\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #130; WAG #289283\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 27 May 1993.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #79; WAG #289239; IL# 2020-IL-001-092\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 7 July 2010.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #101; WAG #289260; IL# 2020-IL-001-093\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway, Inc. 30 November 2004.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #252; WAG #289323; IL# 2020-IL-001-094\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 12 February 2003.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #173; WAG #289308\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBonhams, 2 December 2010.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #77; WAG #289237; 2020-IL-001-097\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eH.P. Kraus, 7 July 1997.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #158; WAG #289298; IL# 2020-IL-001-098\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #44; WAG #289188\nPrevious IL #: 2020-IL-001-099\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 8 February 2008.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #46; WAG #289193; Previous IL# 2020-IL-001-100\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #162; WAG #289346; IL# 2020-IL-001-101\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Arkway, 13 July 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #11; WAG #289354\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFour of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps, 5 Jul 2011.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #163; WAG #289346; IL# 2020-IL-001-102\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Arkway, 13 July 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #164; WAG #289346; IL# 2020-IL-001-103\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Arkway, 13 July 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #5; WAG #289354\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFour of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps, 5 Jul 2011.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #283; WAG #289417\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 7 July 1994.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #277; WAG #289328; IL# 2020-IL-001-170\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Philadelphia Print Shop LTD., 1 September 1995.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #106; WAG #289265; IL# 2020-IL-001-171\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Reese Company, 25 March 2008.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #119; WAG #289277; IL# 2020-IL-001-172\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway, 19 June 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #169; WAG #289304; IL# 2020-IL-001-173\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 5 June 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #170; WAG #289305\nPrevious IL #: 2020-IL-001-174\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 19 December 2005.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #201; WAG #289314; IL# 2020-IL-001-175\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoston Rare Maps, 25 September 2012.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #100; WAG #289259; IL# 2020-IL-001-176\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway, Inc. 30 November 2004.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #58; WAG #289213; IL# 2020-IL-001-177\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Reese Company, 11 April 2011.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #165; WAG #289346; IL# 2020-IL-001-104\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Arkway, 13 July 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #166; WAG #289346; IL# 2020-IL-001-105\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Arkway, 13 July 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #284; WAG #289346; IL# 2020-IL-001-106\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Arkway, 13 July 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #231; WAG #289316; IL# 2020-IL-001-107\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoston Rare Maps, 23 May 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #234; WAG #289319; IL# 2020-IL-001-108\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSotheby's, 5 December 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #232; WAG #289319\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSotheby's New York, 11 June 2013, lot #83.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #40; WAG #289181; IL# 2020-IL-001-110\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoston Rare Maps, 27 September 2012.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #197; WAG #289310; IL# 2020-IL-001-111\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 2 March 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #65; WAG #289224; IL# 2020-IL-001-112\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShapero Rare Books, 4 April 2010.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWAG #289358\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWAG #289358\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWAG #289358\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWAG #289358\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWAG #289358\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWAG #289358\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWAG #289358\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWAG #289358\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWAG #289358\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWAG #289358\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWAG #289358\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWAG #289358\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlexander Gallery, 27 January 2014. Charles Bigelow (b. 1884) of Boston, by direct descent to his grand daughter\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #60; WAG #289216; IL# 2020-IL-001-113\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 23 October 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #105; WAG #289264; IL# 2020-IL-001-114\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 8 July 2011.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #70; WAG #289230; IL# 2020-IL-001-115\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 26 June 2008.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #76; WAG #289236; IL# 2020-IL-001-116\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 27 June 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #68; WAG #289228; IL# 2020-IL-001-117\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBernard Shapero Rare Books, 2 May 2008.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #37; WAG #289176; IL# 2020-IL-001-118\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #134; WAG #289284\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Old Print Gallery, 3 May 1991.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #147; WAG #289344; IL# 2020-IL-001-120\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSotheby's New York, 1 December 2005.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #39; WAG #289179; IL# 2020-IL-001-121\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 28 June 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #109; WAG #289268; IL# 2020-IL-001-122\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway, 25 October 1995.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #122; WAG #289280; IL# 2020-IL-001-123\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 1 June 2005.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #74; WAG #289234; IL# 2020-IL-001-124\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Arkway, 17 December 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #14; WAG #289140\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 14 June 1995.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #50; WAG #289199; IL# 2020-IL-001-126\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 15 November 2002.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003elient reference #120; WAG #289278; IL# 2020-IL-001-127\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway, 19 June 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #102; WAG #289261; IL# 2020-IL-001-128\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 22 February 2010.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #291; WAG #289350; IL# 2020-IL-001-129\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Reese Co, 7 April 2014.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePreviously owned by \"Charles R. Sanders Jr of Halifax County Virginia\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #292; WAG #289350; IL# 2020-IL-001-130\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Reese Co, 7 April 2014.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePreviously owned by \"Charles R. Sanders Jr of Halifax County Virginia\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #293; WAG #289350; IL# 2020-IL-001-131\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Reese Co, 7 April 2014.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePreviously owned by \"Charles R. Sanders Jr of Halifax County Virginia\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #294; WAG #289350; IL# 2020-IL-001-132\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Reese Co, 7 April 2014.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePreviously owned by \"Charles R. Sanders Jr of Halifax County Virginia\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #295; WAG #289350; IL# 2020-IL-001-133\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Reese Co, 7 April 2014.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePreviously owned by \"Charles R. Sanders Jr of Halifax County Virginia\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #296; WAG #289350; IL# 2020-IL-001-134\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Reese Co, 7 April 2014.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePreviously owned by \"Charles R. Sanders Jr of Halifax County Virginia\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #128; WAG #289282; IL# 2020-IL-001-135\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArader Galleries, 23 November 2003.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #249; WAG #289322; IL# 2020-IL-001-136\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen and Taliaferro LLC, 5 June 2014.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #93; WAG #289253; IL# 2020-IL-001-137\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 10 May 2004.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #24; WAG #289156\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoston Rare Maps, 6 March 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #146; WAG #289296\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 14 January 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #168; WAG #289303; IL# 2020-IL-001-140\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClive A. Burden, 11 May 2012, (from Sotheby's New York for client).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #69; WAG #289229\nPrevious IL #: 2020-IL-001-168\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClive Burden, 19 April 2011.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #78; WAG #289238; IL# 2020-IL-001-156\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 19 December 2005.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #83; WAG #289243\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 7 September 1995.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #66; WAG #289226; IL# 2020-IL-001-179\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoston Rare Maps, 30 May 2008.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #62; WAG #289218; IL# 2020-IL-001-180\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan, 24 June 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJonathan Potter Limited, 18 December 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #135; WAG #289285\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #80; WAG #289240\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 14 June 1995.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #112; WAG #289271; IL# 2020-IL-001-142\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 13 May 2004.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003elient reference #159; WAG #289299; IL# 2020-IL-001-143\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 7 April 2008.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003elient reference #53; WAG #289203; IL# 2020-IL-001-144\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArader Galleries, 8 November 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #72; WAG #289232; IL# 2020-IL-001-145\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Taliaferro LLC, 11 October 2005.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #139; WAG #289289; IL# 2020-IL-001-146\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 22 April 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #94; WAG #289254; IL# 2020-IL-001-147\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 24 April 2001.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #115; WAG #289274\nPrevious IL #: 2020-IL-001-148\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard Arkway, 19 June 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #136; WAG #289286\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 10 March 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #137; WAG #289287\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 10 March 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #233; WAG #289318; IL# 2020-IL-001-151\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSwann Auction Galleries, 10 October 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #142; WAG #289292; IL# 2020-IL-001-152\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSwann Galleries, New York, 2 June 2011.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #31; WAG #289168\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHigh Ridge Books Inc., 20 March 1991.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #49; WAG #289197\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway Inc., 18 January 1993.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #92; WAG #289252\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan, 26 September 1991.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003elient reference #248; WAG #289321; IL# 2020-IL-001-157\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDaniel Crouch Rare Books, 15 April 2015.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #144; WAG #289294; IL# 2020-IL-001-158\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArader Galleries, 8 November 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference#10; WAG #289354\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFour of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps, 5 Jul 2011.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #7; WAG #289354\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFour of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps 5 Jul 2011.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #34; WAG #289173; IL# 2020-IL-001-161\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard B. Arkway, 19 June 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #23; WAG #289154; IL# 2020-IL-001-162\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJonathan Potter Limited, 29 November 2005.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #6; WAG #289354\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFour of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps, 5 Jul 2011.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #8; WAG #289354\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFour of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps, 5 Jul 2011.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #B39; WAG #289180; IL# 2020-IL-001-193x\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeorge S. MacManus Co. (bought at Sotheby's New York 1 December 2005), 5 December 2005. William Guthman Collection of Manuscript, Printed, and Graphic Americana\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #8ADD; WAG #289356; IL# 2020-IL-001-194x\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoston Rare Maps, 12 March 2014.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #4 ADD; WAG #289352; IL# 2020-IL-001-195x\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartayan Lan \u0026amp; Augustyn Inc., 31 May 2018.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #297; WAG #289333; IL# 2020-IL-001-205x\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRouillac, 13 June 2016.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #1 ADD, 2 ADD; WAG #289342; IL#  2020-IL-001-206x\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap: Christie's, 5 December 2017, lot 8.  Provenance: François-Jean de Beauvoir, Marquis de Chastellux (1734 -1788)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #7 ADD; WAG #289357\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChristie's New York, 19 June 2014.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #5 ADD; WAG #289353; IL# 2020-IL-001-207x\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoston Rare Maps, 14 June 2006.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003elient reference #6 ADD; WAG #289355; IL# 2020-IL-001-208x\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBarry Ruderman (purchased at Bonhams Germany), 14 April 2015.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient Ref # B45 ; WAG # 289191\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient Ref # B45 ; WAG # 289191\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient Ref # B45 ; WAG # 289191\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2020-IL-001-122b\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClient reference #43B; OCLC number 62820410; WAG # 13773/289186; IL# 2020-IL-001-213x\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference 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numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","Reference numbers","Provenance","provenance","provenance ","provenance","Custodial History","Reference numbers"],"custodhist_tesim":["Client reference #21; WAG #289150","Martayan Lan, 31 March 1992.","Client reference #20; WAG #289148","Richard B. Arkway, 10 February 1991.","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 7 April 1995.","Client reference #18; WAG #289146","Client reference 17;\t WAG 289144","Richard Arkway, 8 February 1994.","Client Reference # 13 ; WAG # 289139","Client reference #22; WAG #289151","Martayan Lan, 26 September 1991.","Client reference #26; WAG #289159","Richard Arkway, 17 December 1996.","Client reference #27; WAG #289162","McGowan Book Company, 25 July 1994.","Client reference #30; WAG #289166","Martayan Lan, 26 September 1991.","Client reference #32; WAG #289170","Martayan Lan, 8 November 1991.","Client reference #33; WAG #289171","Richard B. Arkway, 7 February 1996.","Client Reference # 15 ; WAG # 289142","Boston Rare Maps ; Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 2 February 1998","Client reference # 12 ; WAG# 289136","Libraire Le Bail, Paris, 5 January 2010","Client reference 38; WAG #289177","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 9 December 1999.","Client reference #42; WAG #289184","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 25 April 1994.","Client reference #43; WAG #289187","Richard B. Arkway, 10 September 1997.","Client reference #51; WAG #289200","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 21 December 1993.","Client reference #59; WAG #289214","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 24 June 1993.","Client reference #63; WAG #289220","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 17 December 2003.","Client reference #64; WAG #289222","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 17 December 2003.","Client reference #71; WAG #289231","Richard Arkway, 16 May 1997.","Client reference #75; WAG #289235","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 27 June 1996.","Client reference #61; WAG #289217","Marayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 18 March 1993.","Client reference #82; WAG # 289242","Richard Arkway, 10 Mar 1992.","Client reference #86; WAG #289246","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 9 January 2001.","Client #88; WAG #289248","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 27 June 1996.","Client Reference # 89 ; WAG # 289249","Martayan Lan, 7 September 1995.","Client reference #90; WAG #289250","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 22 April 1992.","Client reference #91; WAG #289251","Richard Arkway, 17 December 1996.","Client reference #99; WAG #289258","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 19 April 1993.","Client references #103; WAG #289262","High Ridge Books, 20 April 1995.","Client reference #108; WAG #289267","Libraire Ancienne des Trois Islets, 8 April 2011.","Client reference #110; WAG #289269","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 14 June 1995.","Client reference #118; WAG #289276","Martayan Lan LLC, 12 September 1997.","Client reference #138; WAG #289288","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro, 19 June 2007.","Client reference #141; WAG #289291","Richard B. Arkway, 17 December 1996.","Client reference #160; WAG #289300","Richard Arkway, 8 February 1994.","Client reference #198; WAG #289311","Richard Arkway, 26 September 1991.","Client reference #279; WAG #289329","Richard B. Arkway, 14 September 1994.","Client reference #281; WAG #289331","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 8 May 1992.","Client reference #282; WAG #289332","Richard B. Arkway, 20 January 1999.","Client reference #250;l WAG #289348","Purchased Sotheby's December 11, 2007.","Client reference #269; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #270; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #271; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client #272; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #261; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #262; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #263; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference # 264 ; WAG# 289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #265; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #266; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #267; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #268; WAG #289349","Sothebys Paris, 30 April 2013.","Client reference #303","Client reference #304","Client reference #306","Client reference #307.","Client reference #305","Client Ref: B33 ; WAG# 289344; IL# 2020-IL-001-021","Client reference #67; WAG #289227; IL# 2020-IL-001-043","Client reference #19; WAG #289147","Richard B. Arkway, 10 February 1997.","Client reference #114; WAG #289273; IL# 2020-IL-001-045","Boston Rare Maps, 2 November 2011.","Client reference #230; WAG #289315; IL# 2020-IL-001-046","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (purchase at Christie's 2607 sale on 7 December 2012), 2 January 2013.","Client reference #145; WAG #13773/289295; IL# 2020-IL-001-047","Arader Galleries, 8 November 2006.","Client reference #117; WAG #289275; IL# 2020-IL-001-048","Sothebys, 5 December 2005.","Client reference #29; WAG #289163; IL# 2020-IL-001-049","The Philadelphia Print Shop LTD., 13 December 2003.","Client reference #111; WAG #289270; IL# 2020-IL-001-050","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 7 April 2008.","Client reference #254; WAG #289325","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro, 19 June 2007.","Client reference #161; WAG #289301; IL# 2020-IL-001-052","Cogen \u0026 Taliaferro, 19 June 2007.","Client reference #172; WAG #289307; IL# 2020-IL-001-053","Jonathan Potter Limited, 9 March 2009.","Client reference #96; WAG #289256; IL# 2020-IL-001-054","Richard B. Arkway, Inc., 23 February 2004.","Client reference #167; WAG #289302; IL# 2020-IL-001-055","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 14 April 2005.","Client reference #171; WAG #289306; IL# 2020-IL-001-056","Jonathan Potter Limited, 27 September 2007.","Client reference #124; WAG #289343; IL# 2020-IL-001-057","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 22 May 2007.","Client reference #125; WAG #289343; IL# 2020-IL-001-058","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 22 May 2007.","Client reference #126; WAG #289343; IL# 2020-IL-001-059","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 22 May 2007.","Client reference #127; WAG #289343; IL# 2020-IL-001-060","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 22 May 2007.","Client reference #245; WAG #289320; IL# 2020-IL-001-061","Northeast Auctions, Portsmouth NH, 17 August 2014.","Client reference #143; WAG #289293","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 21 July 1995.","Client reference #45; WAG #289190; IL# 2020-IL-001-063","Jonathan Potter Limited, 9 July 2004.","Client reference #123; WAG #289281; IL# 2020-IL-001-064","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 22 May 2007.","Client reference #253; WAG #289324; IL# 2020-IL-001-095","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 12 February 2003.","Client reference #9; WAG #289354","Four of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps, 5 Jul 2011.","Client reference #54; WAG #289204; IL# 2020-IL-001-065","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 27 June 1996.","Client reference #149; WAG #289297; IL# 2020-IL-001-066","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 14 April 2005.","Client reference #246, 247; WAG #289347; IL# 2020-IL-001-067","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 13 April 2015.","Client reference #184; WAG #289309; IL# 2020-IL-001-068","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 6 May 2009.","Client reference #36; WAG #289175; IL #2020-IL-001-069","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 22 February 2008.","Client reference #25; WAG #289158; IL# 2020-IL-001-070","Boston Rare Maps, 20 November 2007.","Client reference #199; WAG #289312","Richard Arkway, 10 December 1991.","Client reference #41; WAG #289418; IL# 2020-IL-001-072","Richard B. Arkway, 14 September 1994.","Client reference #95; WAG #289255; IL# 2020-IL-001-073","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 11 March 2005.","Client reference #73; WAG #289233; IL# 2020-IL-001-074","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 29 March 2006.","Client reference #85; WAG #289245; IL# 2020-IL-001-075","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (purchase at Sotheby's 8211 sale lot 216 on 15 June 2006), 19 June 2006.","Client reference #81; WAG #289241; IL# 2020-IL-001-076","The Philadelphia Print Shop LTD., 7 November 1991.","Client reference #55; WAG #289206; IL# 2020-IL-001-077","The Philadelphia Print Shop LTD., 27 June 1991.","Client reference #56; WAG #289208; IL# 2020-IL-001-078","Richard Arkway, 17 December 1996.","Client reference #121; WAG #289279","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 14 January 1999.","Client reference #52; WAG #289201; IL# 2020-IL-001-080","The Philadelphia Print Shop LTD., 17 September 1990.","Client reference #48; WAG #289195","Martayan Lan, 8 November 1991.","Client reference #275; WAG #289327","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 6 January 1994.","Richard Arkway, 26 July 2004.","Client reference #140; WAG #289290","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 16 December 1999.","Client reference #255; WAG #289326","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 4 March 1993.","Client reference #280; WAG #289330","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 16 May 1997.","Client reference #113; WAG #289272; IL# 2020-IL-001-087","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 22 February 2008.","Boston Rare Maps, 20 November 2007.","Client reference #84; WAG #289244; IL# 2020-IL-001-089","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 5 December 2001.","Client reference #57; WAG #289210","Richard Arkway, 17 December 1996.","Client # 107; WAG #289266; IL# 2020-IL-001-182","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (bought at Swann Auction sale 2074 on 30 March 2006), 3 April 2006.","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","Client reference #98; WAG #289257; IL# 2020-IL-001-183","Richard B. Arkway, Inc. 30 November 2004.","Client reference #148; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-184","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.","Client reference #150; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-185","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.","Client reference #151; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-186","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.","Client reference #152; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-187","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.","Client reference #153; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-188","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.","Client reference #154; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-189","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.","Client reference 3 add ; WAG# 289351; IL# 2020-IL-001-210x","Boston Rare Maps, 26 June 2018 (revised 13 July 2018)","Client reference #155; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-190","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.","Client reference #156; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-191","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.","Client reference #157; WAG #289345; IL# 2020-IL-001-192","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC (item purchase at Christie's London 15 November 2006 sale lot 104), 30 November 2006.","WAG #289345","WAG #289345","Client reference #130; WAG #289283","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 27 May 1993.","Client reference #79; WAG #289239; IL# 2020-IL-001-092","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 7 July 2010.","Client reference #101; WAG #289260; IL# 2020-IL-001-093","Richard B. Arkway, Inc. 30 November 2004.","Client reference #252; WAG #289323; IL# 2020-IL-001-094","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 12 February 2003.","Client reference #173; WAG #289308","Bonhams, 2 December 2010.","Client reference #77; WAG #289237; 2020-IL-001-097","H.P. Kraus, 7 July 1997.","Client reference #158; WAG #289298; IL# 2020-IL-001-098","Client reference #44; WAG #289188\nPrevious IL #: 2020-IL-001-099","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 8 February 2008.","Client reference #46; WAG #289193; Previous IL# 2020-IL-001-100","Client reference #162; WAG #289346; IL# 2020-IL-001-101","Richard Arkway, 13 July 1999.","Client reference #11; WAG #289354","Four of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps, 5 Jul 2011.","Client reference #163; WAG #289346; IL# 2020-IL-001-102","Richard Arkway, 13 July 1999.","Client reference #164; WAG #289346; IL# 2020-IL-001-103","Richard Arkway, 13 July 1999.","Client reference #5; WAG #289354","Four of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps, 5 Jul 2011.","Client reference #283; WAG #289417","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 7 July 1994.","Client reference #277; WAG #289328; IL# 2020-IL-001-170","The Philadelphia Print Shop LTD., 1 September 1995.","Client reference #106; WAG #289265; IL# 2020-IL-001-171","William Reese Company, 25 March 2008.","Client reference #119; WAG #289277; IL# 2020-IL-001-172","Richard B. Arkway, 19 June 2007.","Client reference #169; WAG #289304; IL# 2020-IL-001-173","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 5 June 2007.","Client reference #170; WAG #289305\nPrevious IL #: 2020-IL-001-174","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 19 December 2005.","Client reference #201; WAG #289314; IL# 2020-IL-001-175","Boston Rare Maps, 25 September 2012.","Client reference #100; WAG #289259; IL# 2020-IL-001-176","Richard B. Arkway, Inc. 30 November 2004.","Client reference #58; WAG #289213; IL# 2020-IL-001-177","William Reese Company, 11 April 2011.","Client reference #165; WAG #289346; IL# 2020-IL-001-104","Richard Arkway, 13 July 1999.","Client reference #166; WAG #289346; IL# 2020-IL-001-105","Richard Arkway, 13 July 1999.","Client reference #284; WAG #289346; IL# 2020-IL-001-106","Richard Arkway, 13 July 1999.","Client reference #231; WAG #289316; IL# 2020-IL-001-107","Boston Rare Maps, 23 May 2013.","Client reference #234; WAG #289319; IL# 2020-IL-001-108","Sotheby's, 5 December 2013.","Client reference #232; WAG #289319","Sotheby's New York, 11 June 2013, lot #83.","Client reference #40; WAG #289181; IL# 2020-IL-001-110","Boston Rare Maps, 27 September 2012.","Client reference #197; WAG #289310; IL# 2020-IL-001-111","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 2 March 2007.","Client reference #65; WAG #289224; IL# 2020-IL-001-112","Shapero Rare Books, 4 April 2010.","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","WAG #289358","Alexander Gallery, 27 January 2014. Charles Bigelow (b. 1884) of Boston, by direct descent to his grand daughter","Client reference #60; WAG #289216; IL# 2020-IL-001-113","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 23 October 2007.","Client reference #105; WAG #289264; IL# 2020-IL-001-114","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 8 July 2011.","Client reference #70; WAG #289230; IL# 2020-IL-001-115","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 26 June 2008.","Client reference #76; WAG #289236; IL# 2020-IL-001-116","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 27 June 1996.","Client reference #68; WAG #289228; IL# 2020-IL-001-117","Bernard Shapero Rare Books, 2 May 2008.","Client reference #37; WAG #289176; IL# 2020-IL-001-118","Client reference #134; WAG #289284","The Old Print Gallery, 3 May 1991.","Client reference #147; WAG #289344; IL# 2020-IL-001-120","Sotheby's New York, 1 December 2005.","Client reference #39; WAG #289179; IL# 2020-IL-001-121","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 28 June 2006.","Client reference #109; WAG #289268; IL# 2020-IL-001-122","Richard B. Arkway, 25 October 1995.","Client reference #122; WAG #289280; IL# 2020-IL-001-123","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 1 June 2005.","Client reference #74; WAG #289234; IL# 2020-IL-001-124","Richard Arkway, 17 December 1996.","Client reference #14; WAG #289140","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 14 June 1995.","Client reference #50; WAG #289199; IL# 2020-IL-001-126","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 15 November 2002.","lient reference #120; WAG #289278; IL# 2020-IL-001-127","Richard B. Arkway, 19 June 2007.","Client reference #102; WAG #289261; IL# 2020-IL-001-128","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 22 February 2010.","Client reference #291; WAG #289350; IL# 2020-IL-001-129","William Reese Co, 7 April 2014.","Previously owned by \"Charles R. Sanders Jr of Halifax County Virginia\".","Client reference #292; WAG #289350; IL# 2020-IL-001-130","William Reese Co, 7 April 2014.","Previously owned by \"Charles R. Sanders Jr of Halifax County Virginia\".","Client reference #293; WAG #289350; IL# 2020-IL-001-131","William Reese Co, 7 April 2014.","Previously owned by \"Charles R. Sanders Jr of Halifax County Virginia\".","Client reference #294; WAG #289350; IL# 2020-IL-001-132","William Reese Co, 7 April 2014.","Previously owned by \"Charles R. Sanders Jr of Halifax County Virginia\".","Client reference #295; WAG #289350; IL# 2020-IL-001-133","William Reese Co, 7 April 2014.","Previously owned by \"Charles R. Sanders Jr of Halifax County Virginia\".","Client reference #296; WAG #289350; IL# 2020-IL-001-134","William Reese Co, 7 April 2014.","Previously owned by \"Charles R. Sanders Jr of Halifax County Virginia\".","Client reference #128; WAG #289282; IL# 2020-IL-001-135","Arader Galleries, 23 November 2003.","Client reference #249; WAG #289322; IL# 2020-IL-001-136","Cohen and Taliaferro LLC, 5 June 2014.","Client reference #93; WAG #289253; IL# 2020-IL-001-137","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 10 May 2004.","Client reference #24; WAG #289156","Boston Rare Maps, 6 March 2006.","Client reference #146; WAG #289296","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 14 January 1999.","Client reference #168; WAG #289303; IL# 2020-IL-001-140","Clive A. Burden, 11 May 2012, (from Sotheby's New York for client).","Client reference #69; WAG #289229\nPrevious IL #: 2020-IL-001-168","Clive Burden, 19 April 2011.","Client reference #78; WAG #289238; IL# 2020-IL-001-156","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 19 December 2005.","Client reference #83; WAG #289243","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 7 September 1995.","Client reference #66; WAG #289226; IL# 2020-IL-001-179","Boston Rare Maps, 30 May 2008.","Client reference #62; WAG #289218; IL# 2020-IL-001-180","Martayan Lan, 24 June 1992.","Jonathan Potter Limited, 18 December 2007.","Client reference #135; WAG #289285","Client reference #80; WAG #289240","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 14 June 1995.","Client reference #112; WAG #289271; IL# 2020-IL-001-142","Martayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 13 May 2004.","lient reference #159; WAG #289299; IL# 2020-IL-001-143","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 7 April 2008.","lient reference #53; WAG #289203; IL# 2020-IL-001-144","Arader Galleries, 8 November 2006.","Client reference #72; WAG #289232; IL# 2020-IL-001-145","Cohen \u0026 Taliaferro LLC, 11 October 2005.","Client reference #139; WAG #289289; IL# 2020-IL-001-146","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 22 April 1992.","Client reference #94; WAG #289254; IL# 2020-IL-001-147","Marayan Lan Augustyn Inc., 24 April 2001.","Client reference #115; WAG #289274\nPrevious IL #: 2020-IL-001-148","Richard Arkway, 19 June 2007.","Client reference #136; WAG #289286","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 10 March 1992.","Client reference #137; WAG #289287","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 10 March 1992.","Client reference #233; WAG #289318; IL# 2020-IL-001-151","Swann Auction Galleries, 10 October 2013.","Client reference #142; WAG #289292; IL# 2020-IL-001-152","Swann Galleries, New York, 2 June 2011.","Client reference #31; WAG #289168","High Ridge Books Inc., 20 March 1991.","Client reference #49; WAG #289197","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 18 January 1993.","Client reference #92; WAG #289252","Martayan Lan, 26 September 1991.","lient reference #248; WAG #289321; IL# 2020-IL-001-157","Daniel Crouch Rare Books, 15 April 2015.","Client reference #144; WAG #289294; IL# 2020-IL-001-158","Arader Galleries, 8 November 2006.","Client reference#10; WAG #289354","Four of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps, 5 Jul 2011.","Client reference #7; WAG #289354","Four of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps 5 Jul 2011.","Client reference #34; WAG #289173; IL# 2020-IL-001-161","Richard B. Arkway, 19 June 2007.","Client reference #23; WAG #289154; IL# 2020-IL-001-162","Jonathan Potter Limited, 29 November 2005.","Client reference #6; WAG #289354","Four of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps, 5 Jul 2011.","Client reference #8; WAG #289354","Four of the seven maps: Boston Rare Maps, 28 November 2011. Three of the set of seven: Boston Rare Maps, 5 Jul 2011.","Client reference #B39; WAG #289180; IL# 2020-IL-001-193x","George S. MacManus Co. (bought at Sotheby's New York 1 December 2005), 5 December 2005. William Guthman Collection of Manuscript, Printed, and Graphic Americana","Client reference #8ADD; WAG #289356; IL# 2020-IL-001-194x","Boston Rare Maps, 12 March 2014.","Client reference #4 ADD; WAG #289352; IL# 2020-IL-001-195x","Martayan Lan \u0026 Augustyn Inc., 31 May 2018.","Client reference #297; WAG #289333; IL# 2020-IL-001-205x","Rouillac, 13 June 2016.","Client reference #1 ADD, 2 ADD; WAG #289342; IL#  2020-IL-001-206x","Map: Christie's, 5 December 2017, lot 8.  Provenance: François-Jean de Beauvoir, Marquis de Chastellux (1734 -1788)","Client reference #7 ADD; WAG #289357","Christie's New York, 19 June 2014.","Client reference #5 ADD; WAG #289353; IL# 2020-IL-001-207x","Boston Rare Maps, 14 June 2006.","lient reference #6 ADD; WAG #289355; IL# 2020-IL-001-208x","Barry Ruderman (purchased at Bonhams Germany), 14 April 2015.","Client Ref # B45 ; WAG # 289191","Client Ref # B45 ; WAG # 289191","Client Ref # B45 ; WAG # 289191","2020-IL-001-122b","Client reference #43B; OCLC number 62820410; WAG # 13773/289186; IL# 2020-IL-001-213x"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLondon: Jeffreys \u0026amp; Faden, 1775\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : Thos. Jefferys, 1774\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : Wm. Faden, 1775\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : Willm. Faden, 1777\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : William Faden, [1778?]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Willm. Faden, 1784\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Wm. Faden, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Wm. Faden, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Printed for Robt. Sayer and Jno. Bennett, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Printed for R. Sayer and J. Bennett, 1783\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Wm. Faden, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Printed \u0026amp; sold by A. Dury, 1775\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : Wm. Faden, 1778\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : W. Hawkes, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : T. Jefferys, 1757\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : S. Hooper, 1770\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : John Wallis, 1783\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Chez Le Rouge,1781\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : Engraved and published by Wm. Faden, 1783\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmsterdam : Chéz Covens et Mortier, et Covens, junior, 1780-1789\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : Wm. Faden, 1775\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon? : [s.n.], 1780\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : W. Faden\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : R. Sayer \u0026amp; J. Bennett, 1780\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Wm. Faden, 1784\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : J.F.W. Des Barres, 1778\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Chez Le Rouge, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublisher unknown : place of publication unknown, 1778\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Chez Fortin, Ing'r mécanicien du Roi pour les globes et sphères, 1778\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : Sold by And: Millar opposite Katharine Street in the Strand, 1755\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Chez le Sr. Phelipeau, 1786\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Wm. Faden, 1785\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : W. Faden, 1777\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Wm. Faden, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Wm. Faden, 1781\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFranckfurt am Mayn : Zu finden in der Iaegernschen Buchhandlung, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFranckfurt am Mayn : Zu finden in der Iaegernschen Buchhandlung, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : printed for Robert Sayer in Fleet Street and Thomas Jefferys in the Strand, 1753\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Le Rouge, 1778\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Le Rouge, 1778\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Le Rouge, 1779\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Le Rouge, 1779\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Le Rouge, 1779\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Le Rouge, 1778\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Le Rouge, 1778\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Wm. Faden, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Le Rouge, 1779\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Le Rouge, 1779\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Le Rouge, 1779\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Le Rouge, 1779\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : printed for Robert Sayer in Fleet Street and Thomas Jefferys in the Strand, 1753\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : Printed for Robert Sayer in Fleet Street and Thomas Jefferys in the Strand, 1753\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : Printed for Robert Sayer in Fleet Street and Thomas Jefferys in the Strand, 1753.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : Printed for Robert Sayer in Fleet Street and Thomas Jefferys in the Strand, 1753.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : Printed for Robert Sayer in Fleet Street and Thomas Jefferys in the Strand, 1753.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA Paris : chez l'auteur. 1777\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Chez le Chevalier de Beaurain, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePortsmouth, N.H : [publisher not identified], 1761\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnknown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : Wm. Faden, 1777\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : T. Jefferys, 1768\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Lattre, 1781\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA Paris : Chez Lattré, 1788\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Carington Bowles, 1785\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Carington Bowles, 1784\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA Paris : Chez Esnauts et Rapilly, 1783\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Chez le Sr. Desnos, 1783-1787\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : M. Brion de la Tour, 1783\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA Paris : Chez le Sr. Desnos, 1783\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : S. Hooper, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : S. Hooper, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : S. Hooper, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : S. Hooper, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Chez Perrier ; Chez Fortin, 1778\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmsterdam : Chez C. Mortier \u0026amp; J. Covens, et Fils, 1782?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Printed for John Bowles, 1763?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : John Bowles ; Robert Sayer ; Thos. Jefferys, 1763?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAugsburg : Christian Friedrich von der Heiden, 1760\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA Paris : Chez Basset, 1782\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : J.F.W. Des Barres, 1780?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Frankfurt am Main] : s.n., 1780\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : published acording to the act by M.A. Rocque ... \u0026amp; A. Dury, 1762\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Publish'd as the Act directs ... by W. Faden , 1780\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA Paris : Chéz Le Rouge, rue des Grands Augustins, 1785\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Andrew Dury, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Chez Mondhare, 1778\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Esnauts et Rapilly, 1781?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London?] : R. Eynon, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : W. Faden, 1778\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Wm. Faden, 1779\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Printed for Wm. Faden, 1784\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Wm. Faden, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : [Publisher not known], 1778\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : Wm. Faden, 1777\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Wm. Faden, 1777\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhiladelphia : American Philosophical Society, 1771\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Place of publication not identified]  : John Fitch, 1785\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Printed for Robt. Sayer ... \u0026amp; Thos. Jefferys, 1768\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhiladelphia : R. Aitken, 1775\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : [Publisher not identified], 1773?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : W. Faden, 1780\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : [Publisher not identified], 1784\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Published by Wm. Faden, Geographer to the King, Charing Cross, 1784\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhiladelphia : [Publisher not identified], 1796?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAugsburg : Joh. Martin Will, 1777?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Chez Perrier et Verrier ; Chez Maugein, 1782?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Place of publication not identified]  : [Publisher not identified], 1781?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlace of publication not identified]  : [Publisher not identified], 1782?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFranckfurter : Iagernschen Buchhandlung, 1780\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAugsburg : l'Academie Imperiale d'Empire des Arts liberaux, 1782?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : William Faden, May 1st 1780\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBerlin : Daniel Berger, 1782\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.V. [Augsburg] : I.M. Will excud, 1782\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Printed for Wm. Faden, 1784\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Printed for William Faden, 1784\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNuremburg? : Homann Heirs?, 1780?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : John Bowles ; Robert Sayer ; Thos. Jefferys, 1763?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : T. Hutchins, 1778\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Chez Mondhare, 1777\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : Thos. Jefferys, 1768\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : Thos. Jefferys, 1755\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : Thos. Jefferys, 1755\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmsterdam : Gerard Hulst van Keulen, 1783\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAugsburg : Christian Friedrich von der Heiden, 1761\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmsterdam : G. Hulst van Keulen, 1784\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmsterdam : Gerard Hulst van Keulen, 1784\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAugsburg : Christian Friedrich von der Heiden, 1760\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Andrew Dury, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : W. Faden, 1777\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : [Publisher not identified], 1768\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : printed for Robt. Sayer ..., T. Bowles ..., John Bowles \u0026amp; Son ..., E. Bakewell, \u0026amp; H. Parker, 1760\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Chèz Le Rouge, 1778\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGermany? : [Publisher not identified], 1758-1759?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAugsburg : Joh. Mart. Will, 1777?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : Printed for Robt. Sayer in Fleet Street and Thos. Jefferys at the corner of St. Martins Lane in the Strand, 1768\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmsterdam : G. H. van Keulen, 1784\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmsterdam : G. H. van Keulen, 1784\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmsterdam : Gerard Hulst van Keulen, 1783\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA Paris : Chez Lattré, 1784\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Chés Lattré, 1764?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Chez Le Rouge, 1778\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Chez Le Rouge, 1781\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : chez le Rouge, 1755\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Chez Le Rouge, 1778\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Chez Le Rouge, 1782\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Chéz le Rouge, 1782\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Le Rouge, 1756\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Chez Le Rouge, 1776-1777\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Augsburg?] : Mathew Albert and George Frederic Lotter, 1784\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Hôtel de Soubise, 1778\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Paris], 1756\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Chez le Sr. Moithey ... et chez Crepy, 1777\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Mondhare, 1781?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : Sold by A. Dury, 1775\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Printed \u0026amp; sold by A. Dury, 1768\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLeipzig : Johann Carl Muller, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Printed for Robert Sayer, ... and Thomas Jefferys, 1768\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Printed for Robert Sayer, ... and Thomas Jefferys, 1768\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Printed for Robert Sayer, ... and Thomas Jefferys, 1768\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Printed for Robert Sayer, ... and Thomas Jefferys. 1768\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Printed for Robert Sayer, ... and Thomas Jefferys, 1768\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Place of publication not identified]  : [Publisher not identified], 1766\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Chez Basset, 1783\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHamburg : F. C. Ritter. 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : [J. Harrison], 1785\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : T. Kitchin, 1769?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBerlin : Academia Regia Scientiarum et Elegantium Litterarum, 1755\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Wm. Herbert ... \u0026amp; Robt. Sayer, 1755\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Wm. Faden, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : W. Faden, 1780\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : [Publisher not identified], 1787\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Wm. Faden, 1781\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Place of publication not identified]  : [Publisher not identified], 1782?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Chez Esnauts et Rapilly, rue Saint Jacques à la Ville de Coutances, 1782\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : [Publisher not identified], 1786?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Chez le cit. Delamarche, 1792\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : R. Sayer and J. Bennett, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Robt. Sayer and John Bennett, 1780\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : R. Sayer and J. Bennett, 1775\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Rt. Sayer \u0026amp; Jno. Bennett, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : John Rocque at Charing Cross, 1750\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmsterdam : Covens and Mortier and Covens junior, 1780\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmsterdam : Covens and Mortier and Covens junior, 1780\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhiladelphia : [Publisher not identified], 1775\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Haven : [Publisher not identified], 1777\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Wm. Faden, 1777\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Wm. Faden, 1779\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : W. Faden, 1777\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[London] : R. Sayer, 1763\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : John Andrews ; John Harris, 1781\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAugsburg : Christian Friedrich von der Heiden, 1760\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAugsburg : Christian Friedrich von der Heiden, 1760\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Printed for John Bowles ... Robert Sayer ... Thos. Jefferys … Carington Bowles ... and Henry Parker, 1768\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : A. Hamilton, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAugsburg : Christian Friedrich von der Heiden, 1760\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAugsburg : Christian Friedrich von der Heiden, 1760\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoston, New England : Printed by Richard Draper, for the Author, 1755\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Chez LeRouge, Rue des Grands Augustins, 1778-1780\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Chez Le Rouge, 1781\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnknown place of publication : Unknown publisher, approximately 1781\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : Jefferys and Faden, 1776\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParis : Chez LeRouge, Rue des Grands Augustins, approximately 1755\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnknown place of publication : Unknown publisher, 1777\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : William Gerrard de Brahm ; P. Andrews sculp, 1771\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon : William Gerard De Brahm ; P. Andrews sculp, 1771\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLondon :  William Gerard de Brahm ; P. Andrews sculp, 1771\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Boston] : Printed at Draper's printing-office, 1775\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Created/Published","Created / Published","Created / Published","Created / Published","Created / Published","Created / Published","Created / Published","Created / Published","Created / Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created / Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created / Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","General","Created/Published","Created/Published","General","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created/Published","Created / Published"],"odd_tesim":["London: Jeffreys \u0026 Faden, 1775","[London] : Thos. Jefferys, 1774","[London] : Wm. Faden, 1775","[London] : Willm. Faden, 1777","London : William Faden, [1778?]","London : Willm. Faden, 1784","London : Wm. Faden, 1776","London : Wm. Faden, 1776","London : Printed for Robt. Sayer and Jno. Bennett, 1776","London : Printed for R. Sayer and J. Bennett, 1783","London : Wm. Faden, 1776","London : Printed \u0026 sold by A. Dury, 1775","[London] : Wm. Faden, 1778","London : W. Hawkes, 1776","London : T. Jefferys, 1757","London : S. Hooper, 1770","London : John Wallis, 1783","Paris : Chez Le Rouge,1781","[London] : Engraved and published by Wm. Faden, 1783","Amsterdam : Chéz Covens et Mortier, et Covens, junior, 1780-1789","[London] : Wm. Faden, 1775","London? : [s.n.], 1780","London : W. Faden","London : R. Sayer \u0026 J. Bennett, 1780","London : Wm. Faden, 1784","[London] : J.F.W. Des Barres, 1778","Paris : Chez Le Rouge, 1776","Publisher unknown : place of publication unknown, 1778","Paris : Chez Fortin, Ing'r mécanicien du Roi pour les globes et sphères, 1778","[London] : Sold by And: Millar opposite Katharine Street in the Strand, 1755","Paris : Chez le Sr. Phelipeau, 1786","London : Wm. Faden, 1785","[London] : W. Faden, 1777","London : Wm. Faden, 1776","London : Wm. Faden, 1781","Franckfurt am Mayn : Zu finden in der Iaegernschen Buchhandlung, 1776","Franckfurt am Mayn : Zu finden in der Iaegernschen Buchhandlung, 1776","[London] : printed for Robert Sayer in Fleet Street and Thomas Jefferys in the Strand, 1753","Paris : Le Rouge, 1778","Paris : Le Rouge, 1778","Paris : Le Rouge, 1779","Paris : Le Rouge, 1779","Paris : Le Rouge, 1779","Paris : Le Rouge, 1778","Paris : Le Rouge, 1778","London : Wm. Faden, 1776","Paris : Le Rouge, 1779","Paris : Le Rouge, 1779","Paris : Le Rouge, 1779","Paris : Le Rouge, 1779","[London] : printed for Robert Sayer in Fleet Street and Thomas Jefferys in the Strand, 1753","[London] : Printed for Robert Sayer in Fleet Street and Thomas Jefferys in the Strand, 1753","[London] : Printed for Robert Sayer in Fleet Street and Thomas Jefferys in the Strand, 1753.","[London] : Printed for Robert Sayer in Fleet Street and Thomas Jefferys in the Strand, 1753.","[London] : Printed for Robert Sayer in Fleet Street and Thomas Jefferys in the Strand, 1753.","A Paris : chez l'auteur. 1777","Paris : Chez le Chevalier de Beaurain, 1776","Portsmouth, N.H : [publisher not identified], 1761","Unknown","[London] : Wm. Faden, 1777","[London] : T. Jefferys, 1768","Paris : Lattre, 1781","A Paris : Chez Lattré, 1788","London : Carington Bowles, 1785","London : Carington Bowles, 1784","A Paris : Chez Esnauts et Rapilly, 1783","Paris : Chez le Sr. Desnos, 1783-1787","Paris : M. Brion de la Tour, 1783","A Paris : Chez le Sr. Desnos, 1783","London : S. Hooper, 1776","London : S. Hooper, 1776","London : S. Hooper, 1776","London : S. Hooper, 1776","Paris : Chez Perrier ; Chez Fortin, 1778","Amsterdam : Chez C. Mortier \u0026 J. Covens, et Fils, 1782?","London : Printed for John Bowles, 1763?","London : John Bowles ; Robert Sayer ; Thos. Jefferys, 1763?","Augsburg : Christian Friedrich von der Heiden, 1760","A Paris : Chez Basset, 1782","[London] : J.F.W. Des Barres, 1780?","[Frankfurt am Main] : s.n., 1780","London : published acording to the act by M.A. Rocque ... \u0026 A. Dury, 1762","London : Publish'd as the Act directs ... by W. Faden , 1780","A Paris : Chéz Le Rouge, rue des Grands Augustins, 1785","London : Andrew Dury, 1776","Paris : Chez Mondhare, 1778","Paris : Esnauts et Rapilly, 1781?","[London?] : R. Eynon, 1776","[London] : W. Faden, 1778","London : Wm. Faden, 1779","London : Printed for Wm. Faden, 1784","London : Wm. Faden, 1776","London : [Publisher not known], 1778","[London] : Wm. Faden, 1777","London : Wm. Faden, 1777","Philadelphia : American Philosophical Society, 1771","[Place of publication not identified]  : John Fitch, 1785","London : Printed for Robt. Sayer ... \u0026 Thos. Jefferys, 1768","Philadelphia : R. Aitken, 1775","London : [Publisher not identified], 1773?","London : W. Faden, 1780","London : [Publisher not identified], 1784","London : Published by Wm. Faden, Geographer to the King, Charing Cross, 1784","Philadelphia : [Publisher not identified], 1796?","Augsburg : Joh. Martin Will, 1777?","Paris : Chez Perrier et Verrier ; Chez Maugein, 1782?","[Place of publication not identified]  : [Publisher not identified], 1781?","Place of publication not identified]  : [Publisher not identified], 1782?","Franckfurter : Iagernschen Buchhandlung, 1780","Augsburg : l'Academie Imperiale d'Empire des Arts liberaux, 1782?","London : William Faden, May 1st 1780","Berlin : Daniel Berger, 1782","A.V. [Augsburg] : I.M. Will excud, 1782","London : Printed for Wm. Faden, 1784","London : Printed for William Faden, 1784","Nuremburg? : Homann Heirs?, 1780?","London : John Bowles ; Robert Sayer ; Thos. Jefferys, 1763?","London : T. Hutchins, 1778","Paris : Chez Mondhare, 1777","[London] : Thos. Jefferys, 1768","[London] : Thos. Jefferys, 1755","[London] : Thos. Jefferys, 1755","Amsterdam : Gerard Hulst van Keulen, 1783","Augsburg : Christian Friedrich von der Heiden, 1761","Amsterdam : G. Hulst van Keulen, 1784","Amsterdam : Gerard Hulst van Keulen, 1784","Augsburg : Christian Friedrich von der Heiden, 1760","London : Andrew Dury, 1776","London : W. Faden, 1777","London : [Publisher not identified], 1768","London : printed for Robt. Sayer ..., T. Bowles ..., John Bowles \u0026 Son ..., E. Bakewell, \u0026 H. Parker, 1760","Paris : Chèz Le Rouge, 1778","Germany? : [Publisher not identified], 1758-1759?","Augsburg : Joh. Mart. Will, 1777?","[London] : Printed for Robt. Sayer in Fleet Street and Thos. Jefferys at the corner of St. Martins Lane in the Strand, 1768","Amsterdam : G. H. van Keulen, 1784","Amsterdam : G. H. van Keulen, 1784","Amsterdam : Gerard Hulst van Keulen, 1783","A Paris : Chez Lattré, 1784","Paris : Chés Lattré, 1764?","Paris : Chez Le Rouge, 1778","Paris : Chez Le Rouge, 1781","Paris : chez le Rouge, 1755","Paris : Chez Le Rouge, 1778","Paris : Chez Le Rouge, 1782","Paris : Chéz le Rouge, 1782","Paris : Le Rouge, 1756","Paris : Chez Le Rouge, 1776-1777","[Augsburg?] : Mathew Albert and George Frederic Lotter, 1784","Paris : Hôtel de Soubise, 1778","[Paris], 1756","Paris : Chez le Sr. Moithey ... et chez Crepy, 1777","Paris : Mondhare, 1781?","[London] : Sold by A. Dury, 1775","London : Printed \u0026 sold by A. Dury, 1768","Leipzig : Johann Carl Muller, 1776","London : Printed for Robert Sayer, ... and Thomas Jefferys, 1768","London : Printed for Robert Sayer, ... and Thomas Jefferys, 1768","London : Printed for Robert Sayer, ... and Thomas Jefferys, 1768","London : Printed for Robert Sayer, ... and Thomas Jefferys. 1768","London : Printed for Robert Sayer, ... and Thomas Jefferys, 1768","[Place of publication not identified]  : [Publisher not identified], 1766","Paris : Chez Basset, 1783","Hamburg : F. C. Ritter. 1776","London : [J. Harrison], 1785","London : T. Kitchin, 1769?","Berlin : Academia Regia Scientiarum et Elegantium Litterarum, 1755","London : Wm. Herbert ... \u0026 Robt. Sayer, 1755","London : Wm. Faden, 1776","London : W. Faden, 1780","London : [Publisher not identified], 1787","London : Wm. Faden, 1781","[Place of publication not identified]  : [Publisher not identified], 1782?","Paris : Chez Esnauts et Rapilly, rue Saint Jacques à la Ville de Coutances, 1782","Paris : [Publisher not identified], 1786?","Paris : Chez le cit. Delamarche, 1792","London : R. Sayer and J. Bennett, 1776","London : Robt. Sayer and John Bennett, 1780","London : R. Sayer and J. Bennett, 1775","London : Rt. Sayer \u0026 Jno. Bennett, 1776","[London] : John Rocque at Charing Cross, 1750","Amsterdam : Covens and Mortier and Covens junior, 1780","Amsterdam : Covens and Mortier and Covens junior, 1780","Philadelphia : [Publisher not identified], 1775","New Haven : [Publisher not identified], 1777","London : Wm. Faden, 1777","London : Wm. Faden, 1779","[London] : W. Faden, 1777","[London] : R. Sayer, 1763","London : John Andrews ; John Harris, 1781","Augsburg : Christian Friedrich von der Heiden, 1760","Augsburg : Christian Friedrich von der Heiden, 1760","London : Printed for John Bowles ... Robert Sayer ... Thos. Jefferys … Carington Bowles ... and Henry Parker, 1768","London : A. Hamilton, 1776","Augsburg : Christian Friedrich von der Heiden, 1760","Augsburg : Christian Friedrich von der Heiden, 1760","Boston, New England : Printed by Richard Draper, for the Author, 1755","Paris : Chez LeRouge, Rue des Grands Augustins, 1778-1780","Paris : Chez Le Rouge, 1781","Unknown place of publication : Unknown publisher, approximately 1781","London : Jefferys and Faden, 1776","Paris : Chez LeRouge, Rue des Grands Augustins, approximately 1755","Unknown place of publication : Unknown publisher, 1777","London : William Gerrard de Brahm ; P. Andrews sculp, 1771","London : William Gerard De Brahm ; P. Andrews sculp, 1771","London :  William Gerard de Brahm ; P. Andrews sculp, 1771","[Boston] : Printed at Draper's printing-office, 1775"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Name and date of item], Richard H. Brown Revolutionary War Map Collection, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 902. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 24\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 800.. McCorkle, B. New England in early printed maps, 755.19. Stevens \u0026amp; Tree. Comparative cartography, 33e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 933. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 22\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1013. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 35\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 29\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 146.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComparative cartography [Stevens \u0026amp; Tree], 14c. Nebenzahl, Kenneth. A bibliography of printed battle plans, 64\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComparative cartography [Stevens \u0026amp; Tree], 24a. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 47\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1146. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 108\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 813. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 6\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1471. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 189. 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American Revolution in drawings and prints, 371\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhillips, P. List of Maps of America in the Library of Congress, p. 268. Philips 1196\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 219\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 219\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 219\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 750\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 69\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 187\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 37 and 37a\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 38\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1313. Snyder, M. City of Independence, 46 and Fig. 44\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 158\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 161\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 45\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 155\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExhibited: \"We Are One: Mapping America's Road from Revolution to Independence\" organized by the Norman B. Leventhal Map Center at the Boston Public Library, 2015\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1105\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 312\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhillips. List of maps of America, 269. Phillips, 1196\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhillips. List of maps of America, 269. Phillips, 1196\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhillips. List of maps of America, 269. Phillips, 1196\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhillips. List of maps of America, 269. Phillips, 1196\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhillips. List of maps of America, 269. Phillips, 1196\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhillips. List of maps of America, 269. Phillips, 1196\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1022. Wheat \u0026amp; Brun. Maps and charts published in America, 258\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 751 Wooldridge, W. Mapping Virginia, 152 and 152a\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNebenzahl, Kenneth. A Bibliography Of Printed Battle Plans, 40\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCohen \u0026amp; Augustyn. Manhattan in maps, 73-76\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 62\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1047\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1181. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 56\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 150\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePedley, M. S. Bel et utile, 450\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhillips, 10316\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 77\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 918 Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 28\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComparative cartography [Stevens \u0026amp; Tree], 58c\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKershaw, Kenneth. Early printed maps of Canada, vol. 3, no. 599. LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 449\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1023. Wheat \u0026amp; Brun. Maps and charts published in America, 262\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 828\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution, 12 Wheat \u0026amp; Brun. Maps and charts published in America, 204\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWheat \u0026amp; Brun. Maps and charts published in America, 263\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1160. Nebenzahl, Kenneth. A bibliography of printed battle plans, 11\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1070\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComparative cartography [Stevens \u0026amp; Tree], 45b. LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1056 Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 101\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStevens \u0026amp; Tree. Comparative cartography, 47b\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCresswell, Donald H. The American Revolution in Drawings and Prints, 357\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 14\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e7363; Wheat \u0026amp; Brun 320; Shadwell, American Printmaking no. 22; Sabin 5955\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginally housed with book The Atlantic Pilot.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginally housed with book The Atlantic Pilot.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginally housed with book The Atlantic Pilot.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Literature references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related materials","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related References","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related references","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 902. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 24","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 800.. McCorkle, B. New England in early printed maps, 755.19. Stevens \u0026 Tree. Comparative cartography, 33e","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 933. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 22","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1013. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 35","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 29","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 146.","Comparative cartography [Stevens \u0026 Tree], 14c. Nebenzahl, Kenneth. A bibliography of printed battle plans, 64","Comparative cartography [Stevens \u0026 Tree], 24a. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 47","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1146. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 108","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 813. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 6","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1471. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 189. Exhibited: \"We Are One: Mapping America's Road from Revolution to Independence\" organized by the Norman B. Leventhal Map Center at the Boston Public Library, 2015","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 752","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 44","Richard B. Arkway Inc., 21 December 1993.","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1096. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 110. Comparative cartography [Stevens \u0026 Tree], 43a","LC Maps and charts of North America and the West Indies 1750-1789, 1517","LC Maps and charts of North America and the West Indies 1750-1789, 1500","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 754","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 790","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 93. Phillips. List of Maps of America in the Library of Congress, p. 188","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1052. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 123","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 89","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1180 Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 53","Comparative cartography [Stevens \u0026 Tree], 21a. LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1196 Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 55","Cresswell, Donald H. The American Revolution in Drawings and Prints, 264","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1149. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 112","McCorkle, B. New England in early printed maps, 778.16","Stephenson, R.W. Table for identifying variant editions and impressions of John Mitchell's map of the British and French dominions in North America. LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 39","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1023","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 195","Comparative cartography [Stevens \u0026 Tree], 41e. LC Maps and charts of North America and the West Indies 1750-1789, 1144 Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 107","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 186","Cumming, W. British maps of colonial America, 45","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1983","Cumming, W. British maps of colonial America, p. 45","Cumming, W. British maps of colonial America, p. 45.","Cumming, W. British maps of colonial America, p. 45.","Cumming, W. British maps of colonial America, p. 45","Cumming, W. British maps of colonial America, p. 45","Initially inventoried with [2023-SC-008-053] 'Plan of the Situation of the American and British Armies'.","LC Maps and charts of North America and the West Indies 1750-1789, 149. McCorkle, B. B. New England in early printed maps, 777.3","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 923. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 18","LC Maps of North America, 870. McCorkle, Barbara. New England in early printed maps, N761.1. Wheat \u0026 Brun. Maps and Charts published in America before 1800 (2nd ed.), 181","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1003 Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 34","Phillips, 1196","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 165","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 101","Wheat, C. Mapping the Transmississippi West, v.1 194","Guthorn, P. American maps and mapmakers, 11(15). Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 94","BM maps, XIV, column 605. Phillips, 595","Deak, G. Picturing New York, 115","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 192 and 192a","Cresswell, Donald H. The American Revolution in drawings and prints, 477","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 88","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 52","De Vorsey, L. Gulf Stream on eighteenth century maps and charts, in The Map collector, 15 (1980), 7 De Vorsey, L. Pioneer charting of the Gulf Stream, in Imago mundi, 28 (1976), 105-120","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 736","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1462. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 193","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1342. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 127","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1327. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 128","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 76. Phillips. Maps of America, p. 786","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 132","Comparative cartography [Stevens \u0026 Tree], 37a. LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1238","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography Of Printed Battle Plans Of The American Revolution 1775-1795, 43","Wheat \u0026 Brun. Maps and charts (2nd ed.), 300","Boyd, T. Poor John Fitch, p. 127-128. Wheat \u0026 Brun. Maps and charts published in America, 660","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1429 Stevens \u0026 Tree. Comparative cartography, 87e","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 5","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 51","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 182","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 129. Phillips. List of Maps of America, p. 299","Nebenzahl, Battle Plans 74. Phillips, MOA 296","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 145","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 873","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 95. Research catalog of maps in the Clements Library, II, p. 284","Deak, G. Picturing New York, 116","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 789","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 153","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 307 Stevens \u0026 Tree. Comparative cartography, 66b","Phillips, 1196","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 29. Stevens \u0026 Tree. Comparative cartography, 51a","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 219","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 219","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 219","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 932.. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 16","Comparative cartography [Stevens \u0026 Tree], 69a LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1319","Cresswell, D. American Revolution in drawings and prints, 371","Phillips, P. List of Maps of America in the Library of Congress, p. 268. Philips 1196","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 219","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 219","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 219","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 750","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 69","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 187","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 37 and 37a","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 38","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1313. Snyder, M. City of Independence, 46 and Fig. 44","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 158","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 161","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 45","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 155","Exhibited: \"We Are One: Mapping America's Road from Revolution to Independence\" organized by the Norman B. Leventhal Map Center at the Boston Public Library, 2015","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1105","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 312","Phillips. List of maps of America, 269. Phillips, 1196","Phillips. List of maps of America, 269. Phillips, 1196","Phillips. List of maps of America, 269. Phillips, 1196","Phillips. List of maps of America, 269. Phillips, 1196","Phillips. List of maps of America, 269. Phillips, 1196","Phillips. List of maps of America, 269. Phillips, 1196","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1022. Wheat \u0026 Brun. Maps and charts published in America, 258","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 751 Wooldridge, W. Mapping Virginia, 152 and 152a","Nebenzahl, Kenneth. A Bibliography Of Printed Battle Plans, 40","Cohen \u0026 Augustyn. Manhattan in maps, 73-76","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 62","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1047","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1181. Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 56","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 150","Pedley, M. S. Bel et utile, 450","Phillips, 10316","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution 1775-1795, 77","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 918 Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 28","Comparative cartography [Stevens \u0026 Tree], 58c","Kershaw, Kenneth. Early printed maps of Canada, vol. 3, no. 599. LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 449","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1023. Wheat \u0026 Brun. Maps and charts published in America, 262","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 828","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans of the American Revolution, 12 Wheat \u0026 Brun. Maps and charts published in America, 204","Wheat \u0026 Brun. Maps and charts published in America, 263","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1160. Nebenzahl, Kenneth. A bibliography of printed battle plans, 11","LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1070","Comparative cartography [Stevens \u0026 Tree], 45b. LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1056 Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 101","Stevens \u0026 Tree. Comparative cartography, 47b","Cresswell, Donald H. The American Revolution in Drawings and Prints, 357","Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 14","7363; Wheat \u0026 Brun 320; Shadwell, American Printmaking no. 22; Sabin 5955","Originally housed with book The Atlantic Pilot.","Originally housed with book The Atlantic Pilot.","Originally housed with book The Atlantic Pilot."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains approximately 300 rare printed maps, unique manuscript maps, and published texts collected by Richard H. Brown, which pertain to the American Revolutionary War era.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis map and battle plan immortalized what came to be known as the Battle of Bunker Hill. The alphabetic key identifies British regiments and ships and narrates their actions. The plan also shows earthworks held by the Colonial troops. This detailed plan was published in London only five days after news of the battle itself reached England. Given the haste with which it was prepared, its geographic vagueness in the rendering of Charlestown is less surprising than its overall accuracy and detail.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nRelief shown by hachures. Indexed for points of military interest.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis large, detailed map of New England was compiled by Braddock Mead (alias John Green), and first published by Thomas Jefferys in 1755. Green was an Irish translator, geographer, and editor, as well as one of the most talented British map-makers at mid-century. The map was re-published at the outset of the American Revolution, as it remained the most accurate and detailed survey of New England. Of interest are engraved double lines found beneath certain place-names, including Boston. These lines indicate cities whose longitude had been calculated with the aid of the newly invented marine chronometer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePage, an English military engineer who served as aide de campe to General Howe during the action, prepared this detailed plan of the Battle of Bunker Hill. It is the best known and most commonly reproduced plan of the battle. Warrens redoubt, fences, and hedgerows are shown in great detail, as well as the lines of march of attacking forces, British ships, and the Corps Hill battery with lines of fire. The position of British troops late in the action is depicted on a separate overlay which accompanies the map.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Note: The operations of the column under the command of His Excellency Lieutenant General Knyphausen is engraved from a plan drawn on the spot by S. W. Werner, Leiutt. of Hessian Artillery.\" Includes \"references to the column under the command of Lt. Genl. Earl Cornwallis\" and \"references to the column under the command of His Excellency Lieutt. Genl. Knyphausen.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes indexes of propietors of land in South Carolina and Georgia. Decorative title cartouche depicting vegetation, manufactured products, and workers. \"To the Right Honourable George Dunk, Earl of Halifax ...\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows rural householders' names. \"Publish'd according to Act of Parliament, May the 1st, 1770, by S. Hooper, No. 25 Ludgate Hill, London.\" Decorative dedication cartouche includes royal coat of arms, a native, and animals. \"To His most Excellent Majesty George the IIId ... this map is most humbly dedicated by ... John Collet.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows the 13 states, Louisiana, and parts of Canada and Florida. Relief shown pictorially. Prime meridian: London. Decorative title cartouche.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes descriptive and historical notes. Translation of Thomas Hutchins' New map of the western part of Virginia, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and North Carolina, 1778.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows \"Genl. Howe's track\" from Elk River to Philadelphia, \"Genl. Washington's track,\" and \"Grand American Winter Camp, Jan. 1778\" at Valley Forge. Shows most of New Jersey and parts of Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Delaware. BPL\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Includes \"References to the fortifications \u0026amp; ca.\" and \"References to the town.\" An earlier state of LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 933 and Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 22.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows operations and ship names. Inset: Plan of the fort.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDepicts a battle between the Americans and two British vessels, at the begining of the New York campaign.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe original wash drawing displayed here was executed by marine painter Pierre Ozanne in 1778. This work was produced during the French naval campaign in America by Ozanne who witnessed the action at the entrance of the Delaware River on July 8, 1778. This battle is considered as the first naval event between the French and the English fleet of that campaign on the American coast.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWash drawing on paper. View of six ships in the Delaware River, five under the command of Comte d'Estaing. Manuscript note pasted on reads \"Campagne du Vice-Admirale d'Esteing an Amerique, commandant une escadre de 12 vaisseaux et 4 frégattes, sortie de toulon le 13 Avril 1778.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDisplayed here is the third state of the \"Carte des Pays...de Canada,\" published by Jean Baptiste Fortin who had acquired the stock of the Vaugondy firm. This map is one of the first to recognize the name of the newly formed United States, \"Etats Unis,\" as seen by the inclusion of the phrase in the title cartouche. The map is closely related to J.B. Eliot's \"Carte du Theatre de la Guerre Actuel Entre les Anglais et les Treize Colonies Unies de l'Amerique Septentrionale ...\" Eliot also uses the phrase \"Etats Unis\" in his map, referring to his title of U.S. Engineer under his name. Both Fortin and Eliot published their maps in 1778.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCovers Canada east of Lake Superior and south of James Bay; covers U.S. north of Albemarle Bay (N.C.). Relief shown pictorially. Meridians numbered eastward from unspecified prime (Montréal at E 305°). Believed to be the earliest map to use the name United States of America (in any language). Inset: Supplément pour l'Isle de Terre-Neuve.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFirst English edition, 3rd impression. Includes text and inset \"A new map of Hudson's Bay and Labrador from the late survey of those coasts.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows fortifications, troop locations, and ships on the York River.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows information to Sept. 3, 1776. Below map: \"An account of the proceedings of His Majesty's forces at the attack of the rebel works on Long Island, on the 27th of August, 1776 : taken from Gen. Howe's letter to Lord George Germaine, principal Secretary of State for the American Department.\" State 5 of the map, with Fort Lee or Ft. Constitution added and Younkers unlabeled.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTitle from sheets 1 and 2. All sheets individually titled. Shows nautical exploration routes. Includes text, historical and geographical notes, and tables of comparative astronomical observations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows Carib lands, parishes, settlements, bays, anchorages, and topography.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows parishes, settlements, bays, anchorages, topography and shoals.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows divisions, settlements, bays, anchorages, topography and shoals\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows parishes, settlements, bays, anchorages, topography and shoals.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows parishes, cities, settlements, roads, churches, windmills, \"cattle mills,\" bays, anchorages, shoals and topography.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows harbors, settlements and topography.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows parishes, towns, settlements, roads, rivers, bays, anchorages, shoals and topography.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows harbors, towns, shoals, anchorages, and topography.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCovers Grand Turk Island, Salt Cay, and smaller islands in the vicinity. Shows topography and shoals.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows plantations, roads, settlements, anchorages, shoals and topography.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows parishes, towns, bays, anchorages, topography and shoals\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows nautical exploration routes. Includes text, historical and geographical notes, and tables of comparative astronomical observations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSheet three of Green's A chart of North and South America, including the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, with the nearest coasts of Europe, Africa and Asia. Shows nautical exploration routes. Includes text, historical and geographical notes, and tables of comparative astronomical observations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSheet five of Green's A chart of North and South America, including the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, with the nearest coasts of Europe, Africa and Asia. Shows nautical exploration routes.Includes text, historical and geographical notes, and tables of comparative astronomical observations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSheet six of Green's A chart of North and South America, including the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, with the nearest coasts of Europe, Africa and Asia. Shows nautical exploration routes. Includes text, historical and geographical notes, and tables of comparative astronomical observations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSheet four of Green's A chart of North and South America, including the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, with the nearest coasts of Europe, Africa and Asia. Shows nautical exploration routes. Includes text, historical and geographical notes, and tables of comparative astronomical observations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHighlighted on this fine topographic map of Boston and vicinity are the British and American troops. The American troops are colored red -- the first corps in Cambridge, the second corps opposite Charlestown neck, and the third corps near Roxbury. Among the many strategic topographic features so excellently rendered on this map is Dorchester Heights, which appears devoid of British defensive forces. This serious tactical error was ultimately recognized by General Washington, who occupied the Heights and forced the British to withdraw from the city on March 17, 1776. A note on the map reveals that it is based on an original plan of the siege drawn by order of the British government. Interestingly, the British fortifications on Boston Neck and Castle William Island are greatly exaggerated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCampaign headquarters map showing military features and events in the New York area from June to November 1776.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis general map of the Americas, produced in Paris in 1788, depicts the political divisions in North America just after the Treaty of Paris was signed in 1783. The Treaty effectively ended the American Revolutionary War. The United States is comprised of land east of the Mississippi River, while Great Britain controls Canada and Spain controls Louisiana, Mexico, Florida and western North America. Also depicted is a large inset of the Canadian Arctic, and another two insets of Caribbean islands, in addition to an elaborately illustrated cartouche.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMap of the Americas designed to show the political divisions in North America immediately following the Treaty of Paris. Relief shown pictorially. Insets: Supplement pour le Nord de L'Amerique ; Isle de la Martinique ; Isle St. Domingue. Elaborate cartouche in lower left.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMichel Capitaine du Chesnoy, the Marquis de Lafayette's map maker, drew this map following the Battle of Monmouth Court House in northeastern New Jersey. After confusion surrounding the Continental Army's orders, the soldiers prevented the British troops from advancing. The battle occurred on a hot June day and hundreds of soldiers died of heatstroke. Women, who came to be referred to collectively as \"Molly Pitcher,\" supported the American troops by bringing water to cool the men and their guns. Although the battle ended inconclusively, it was a turning point for the professionalization of the American army as volunteer French and German military officers provided training.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis rare map was issued just months after Cornwallis' defeat in Yorktown, Va. The copy displayed here, complete with inset plan of the battle of Yorktown and an elaborate cartouche, is the second state of the map. An additional inset in the lower right depicts the colonies from Massachusetts to Delaware, and illustrates the geography upon which Washington and Rochambeau's armies marched on the way to Yorktown. This map conveys the importance of France's assistance to the Americans during the War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGerman woodcut of the siege of Charleston, South Carolina in May 1780. The depiction of Charleston is imaginary. Donnhaeuser lacked a view of Charleston so he modified a pre-existing view of an unidentified German city to show the siege. Text describing the siege on verso, titled Nachricht von der belagerung und einnahme der stadt und hafens Charlestown in America.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne of the preferred routes that captains and navigators sailing from America to England learned to use was the Gulf Stream, a strong, warm current that flows north along the Atlantic coast and then east toward Europe. Initially charted by Benjamin Franklin in 1768, this discovery helped ships minimize travel time across the ocean, speeding up the transatlantic voyage for travelers, merchants, and goods. Franklin purchased this 1785 chart, a French adaptation of his original findings, when he served in Paris as a diplomat for the United States during the early years of the republic\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDisplayed here is the second state of J.B. Eliot's map of the newly formed republic, produced in 1778. This map closely resembles Louis Brion de la Tour's \"Carte du théatre de la guerre entre les Anglais et les Américans\" in appearance. Eliot's map is one of the first to recognize the name of the newly formed United States, \"Etats Unis,\" as seen by the inclusion of the phrase in the title cartouche, referring to Eliot's title of U.S. Engineer under his name. In this regard, Eliot's map is related to another map recognizing the newly named United States, namely Vaugondy's \"Carte du Canada et des Etats-Unis de l'Amérique Septentrionale.\" Both maps were published in 1778, and both incorporate the phrase \"Etats Unis\" in their title cartouches, however, it is unclear which map was actually produced first.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBernard Ratzer, a Lieutenant in the Royal Artillery, prepared a survey of New Jersey in 1769 to assist the Boundary Commission in settling a long standing boundary dispute between the states of New York and New Jersey. London mapmaker William Faden published Ratzer's survey as a finished map in 1777 in his North American Atlas. Published during the American Revolution, the map depicts the area known to George Washington before the Battle of Monmouth, and shows the fortification at Valley Forge. Despite having several errors of location, the map is finely executed, and contains an elaborate cartouche of a farmhouse with landscape in the upper left corner. Displayed here is the first English edition of the map. A French derivative of this map by Georges-Louis LeRouge may be viewed online at: http://maps.bpl.org/id/rb15252.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis rare and unique map was produced by inventor and amateur mapmaker John Fitch, in an attempt to raise funds to support his newly invented steamboat. Fitch made and engraved the map himself, and printed it in Philadelphia on a cider press. Unfortunately for Fitch, the map never sold well, and the geography displayed on the map was well out-of-date by the time the Old Northwest was settled after being released from British and Native American control.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInk and watercolor manuscript view from Boston looking southeast towards Dorchester and Castle Island. Shows British soldiers and parts of the encampment and town.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePencil manuscript view of the Charles River.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFour views of the siege of Gibraltar. Includes \"La premiere representation de les X batteries flottantes\" ; \"Seconde representation des batteries flottantes\" ; \"Se general elliot recu les vivres et munitions de l'angleterre\" ; \"Prospect der IV blate von Gibraltar\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe map depicts the opening of the British Southern offensive of 1778.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis rare map of New Hampshire was prepared from surveys by Samuel Holland - famed engineer who entered British service during the French and Indian War (1754-1763). The map depicts New Hampshire in great detail, illustrating rivers, streams, lakes, elevations, township boundaries, roads, and structures. Two great arcs delineate the boundary of a parcel known as \"Mason's Curve.\" The parcel, owned by John Mason (1586-1635), was originally located between the Merrimack and Kennebeck Rivers, however in 1748 was sold by one of Mason's descendants to twelve investors from Portsmouth. It is believed these investors commissioned the surveys in 1768-69 to more accurately locate the boundary of the landholding.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubject: ships on the Saint Lawrence River with a rowboats full of troops disembarking below cliffs; battle in progress on heights above river.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProduced for the French Navy, the rare chart displayed here was the best available chart of this region for the time, and was used by all naval forces involved in combat during the American Revolutionary War. The information on this very detailed chart was based primarily on the work of American Anthony Smith, a local Chesapeake Bay pilot of St. Mary's County. The chart was consulted by Admiral de Grasse in his victory over the British off the Chesapeake Capes on September 5, 1781.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor manuscript map by Kosciuszko showing encampments and military positions in the battles of Saratoga.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColored manuscript map of the 1758 siege of Louisbourg showing ships, troop positions, camps and batteries. Includes references to points of interest, notes and description of the English fleet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColored manuscript map of the 1758 siege of Louisbourg showing ships, troop positions, and batteries. Includes references to points of interest. Oriented with north to the upper right. Colored manuscript map of Cape Breton Island showing fortifications and batteries. Includes a table listing troop distribution, references to points of interest, and notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDisplayed here is the first state of Lattre's plan of Boston. The plan here was also separately issued. Describing Boston in the years before the American Revolutionary war, the plan includes information on shoals, soundings in the harbor, and the surrounding countryside. Lattre was the Royal Engraver to Louis XVI from 1776 to 1782, and is most famous for his \"Carte des Etats-Unis ...,\" also in the Richard H. Brown collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePencil manuscript view of the ruins of Charlestown after the Battle of Bunker Hill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInk and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInk and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInk and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInk and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInk and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInk and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInk and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInk and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInk and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInk and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2 sheets.  Ink and watercolor manuscript map and key. Map shows fortifications and rough features of the peninsula of Boston. Key indicates the order of battle of British troops. The disposition of troops on July 17th, 1775 was possibly intended to be added to the map.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis rare map depicts Long Island, New York City, and the Connecticut coastline north to Stonington Bay. Muller took the geography on this map directly from Thomas Jeffery's 1755 map titled \"A Map of the Most Inhabited Part of New England ...\" The copy displayed here was most likely issued separately from its original pamphlet, and may have been bound unfolded into a folio composite atlas produced during the American Revolutionary War era.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMoses Park, a surveyor from Preston, Connecticut, executed this map in 1766 with the assistance of Asa Spaulding of Norwalk and Samuel Mott of Preston. Displayed here is the second state of the map, which differs from the first state in the collection of the Clements Library at the University of Michigan. In this state, an \"e\" has been added to the name of Shelburne, and \"Connecticut R.\" is seen on the bend of the river above Hadham. Other locational changes have been made in this state as well.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows the boundaries established by the preliminary Treaty of Peace, signed 30 November 1782, and published prior to the signing of the formal Treaty on 3 September 1783. Includes a detailed plan of the Siege of Yorktown.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe map displayed here is an unrecorded version of a German broadside known only at the Library of Congress. This state is unique in that it was sold by a different person, and there are differences in the text portion of the broadside. It is a variant state of LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 142.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows the east coast from the Gulf of the St. Lawrence to the Carolinas, and the interior as far west as the Mississippi Valley. Displayed here is the first state of the map, lacking the inset of Fort Frederick.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe plan displayed here depicts the Siege of Charleston, S.C., conducted by the British forces in early 1780. In February 1780, British General Henry Clinton's army arrived thirty miles south of Charleston, and began their assault on the city, which was protected by an American force commanded by Gen. Benjamin Lincoln. The British took control of the sea, and effectively cut the American off from any support. This plan was produced for Tarleton's memoir \"A History of the Campaigns of 1780 and 1781, in the Southern Provinces of North America.\" The plan was produced on very heavy laid paper, and does not present any folds or pagination. This plan may be a pre-publication proof or a presentation copy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis general map of the Americas was produced by the firm of Vaugondy. Gilles Robert de Vaugondy was the leading French globemaker of the 18th century, and was appointed geographer to Louis XV in 1734. Like \"L'Amerique divise?e en ses principaux Etats\" by Lattre and Bonne from 1788, this map shows the new boundaries of North America as a result of the Treaty of Paris in 1783. The newly created United States, along with Spanish lands in the south are clearly delineated. This may be the fourth state of the map, however it is not listed in Pedley's \"Bel et Utile.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShows territorial possessions in North America after the Treaty of Paris. Includes the satirical \"Theodolite's letter to the Botcher's Club in Monmouth Street.\" The open letter appears to praise the treaty and the 3rd Earl of Bute, who worked on the treaty, while actually pointing out the weaknesses of the territory gained. Theodolite, a scientific instrument used in surveying, likely represented Bute, who collected such instruments. Botchers were menders such as tailor and cobblers, and Monmouth Street was known for its second-hand shops. The letter was thus from Bute to those with mercantile interests or low connections as Bute?s peers disapproved of him and the treaty. The true author of the letter was likely Sayer or a colleague with similar political sentiments.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDe Brahm concentrated his surveying efforts on the east coast of Florida, from St. Augustine south to the Keys. This chart of the southern tip of east Florida was included in the English edition of The Atlantic Pilot, along with a chart of the Gulf Stream and a map of the ancient Florida peninsula. De Brahm's meticulous hydrographic survey work is evident in this chart, with its numerous soundings, outlines of shoals, and inclusion of anchoring places. These surveys were eventually used by Des Barres, and the information was included on the charts which make up The Atlantic Neptune.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Scope and Contents","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains approximately 300 rare printed maps, unique manuscript maps, and published texts collected by Richard H. Brown, which pertain to the American Revolutionary War era.","This map and battle plan immortalized what came to be known as the Battle of Bunker Hill. The alphabetic key identifies British regiments and ships and narrates their actions. The plan also shows earthworks held by the Colonial troops. This detailed plan was published in London only five days after news of the battle itself reached England. Given the haste with which it was prepared, its geographic vagueness in the rendering of Charlestown is less surprising than its overall accuracy and detail.","\nRelief shown by hachures. Indexed for points of military interest.","This large, detailed map of New England was compiled by Braddock Mead (alias John Green), and first published by Thomas Jefferys in 1755. Green was an Irish translator, geographer, and editor, as well as one of the most talented British map-makers at mid-century. The map was re-published at the outset of the American Revolution, as it remained the most accurate and detailed survey of New England. Of interest are engraved double lines found beneath certain place-names, including Boston. These lines indicate cities whose longitude had been calculated with the aid of the newly invented marine chronometer.","Page, an English military engineer who served as aide de campe to General Howe during the action, prepared this detailed plan of the Battle of Bunker Hill. It is the best known and most commonly reproduced plan of the battle. Warrens redoubt, fences, and hedgerows are shown in great detail, as well as the lines of march of attacking forces, British ships, and the Corps Hill battery with lines of fire. The position of British troops late in the action is depicted on a separate overlay which accompanies the map.","\"Note: The operations of the column under the command of His Excellency Lieutenant General Knyphausen is engraved from a plan drawn on the spot by S. W. Werner, Leiutt. of Hessian Artillery.\" Includes \"references to the column under the command of Lt. Genl. Earl Cornwallis\" and \"references to the column under the command of His Excellency Lieutt. Genl. Knyphausen.\"","Includes indexes of propietors of land in South Carolina and Georgia. Decorative title cartouche depicting vegetation, manufactured products, and workers. \"To the Right Honourable George Dunk, Earl of Halifax ...\"","Shows rural householders' names. \"Publish'd according to Act of Parliament, May the 1st, 1770, by S. Hooper, No. 25 Ludgate Hill, London.\" Decorative dedication cartouche includes royal coat of arms, a native, and animals. \"To His most Excellent Majesty George the IIId ... this map is most humbly dedicated by ... John Collet.\"","Shows the 13 states, Louisiana, and parts of Canada and Florida. Relief shown pictorially. Prime meridian: London. Decorative title cartouche.","Includes descriptive and historical notes. Translation of Thomas Hutchins' New map of the western part of Virginia, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and North Carolina, 1778.","Shows \"Genl. Howe's track\" from Elk River to Philadelphia, \"Genl. Washington's track,\" and \"Grand American Winter Camp, Jan. 1778\" at Valley Forge. Shows most of New Jersey and parts of Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Delaware. BPL","\"Includes \"References to the fortifications \u0026 ca.\" and \"References to the town.\" An earlier state of LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 933 and Nebenzahl, K. Bibliography of printed battle plans, 22.","Shows operations and ship names. Inset: Plan of the fort.","Depicts a battle between the Americans and two British vessels, at the begining of the New York campaign.","The original wash drawing displayed here was executed by marine painter Pierre Ozanne in 1778. This work was produced during the French naval campaign in America by Ozanne who witnessed the action at the entrance of the Delaware River on July 8, 1778. This battle is considered as the first naval event between the French and the English fleet of that campaign on the American coast.","Wash drawing on paper. View of six ships in the Delaware River, five under the command of Comte d'Estaing. Manuscript note pasted on reads \"Campagne du Vice-Admirale d'Esteing an Amerique, commandant une escadre de 12 vaisseaux et 4 frégattes, sortie de toulon le 13 Avril 1778.\"","Displayed here is the third state of the \"Carte des Pays...de Canada,\" published by Jean Baptiste Fortin who had acquired the stock of the Vaugondy firm. This map is one of the first to recognize the name of the newly formed United States, \"Etats Unis,\" as seen by the inclusion of the phrase in the title cartouche. The map is closely related to J.B. Eliot's \"Carte du Theatre de la Guerre Actuel Entre les Anglais et les Treize Colonies Unies de l'Amerique Septentrionale ...\" Eliot also uses the phrase \"Etats Unis\" in his map, referring to his title of U.S. Engineer under his name. Both Fortin and Eliot published their maps in 1778.","Covers Canada east of Lake Superior and south of James Bay; covers U.S. north of Albemarle Bay (N.C.). Relief shown pictorially. Meridians numbered eastward from unspecified prime (Montréal at E 305°). Believed to be the earliest map to use the name United States of America (in any language). Inset: Supplément pour l'Isle de Terre-Neuve.","First English edition, 3rd impression. Includes text and inset \"A new map of Hudson's Bay and Labrador from the late survey of those coasts.\"","Shows fortifications, troop locations, and ships on the York River.","Shows information to Sept. 3, 1776. Below map: \"An account of the proceedings of His Majesty's forces at the attack of the rebel works on Long Island, on the 27th of August, 1776 : taken from Gen. Howe's letter to Lord George Germaine, principal Secretary of State for the American Department.\" State 5 of the map, with Fort Lee or Ft. Constitution added and Younkers unlabeled.","Title from sheets 1 and 2. All sheets individually titled. Shows nautical exploration routes. Includes text, historical and geographical notes, and tables of comparative astronomical observations.","Shows Carib lands, parishes, settlements, bays, anchorages, and topography.","Shows parishes, settlements, bays, anchorages, topography and shoals.","Shows divisions, settlements, bays, anchorages, topography and shoals","Shows parishes, settlements, bays, anchorages, topography and shoals.","Shows parishes, cities, settlements, roads, churches, windmills, \"cattle mills,\" bays, anchorages, shoals and topography.","Shows harbors, settlements and topography.","Shows parishes, towns, settlements, roads, rivers, bays, anchorages, shoals and topography.","Shows harbors, towns, shoals, anchorages, and topography.","Covers Grand Turk Island, Salt Cay, and smaller islands in the vicinity. Shows topography and shoals.","Shows plantations, roads, settlements, anchorages, shoals and topography.","Shows parishes, towns, bays, anchorages, topography and shoals","Shows nautical exploration routes. Includes text, historical and geographical notes, and tables of comparative astronomical observations.","Sheet three of Green's A chart of North and South America, including the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, with the nearest coasts of Europe, Africa and Asia. Shows nautical exploration routes. Includes text, historical and geographical notes, and tables of comparative astronomical observations.","Sheet five of Green's A chart of North and South America, including the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, with the nearest coasts of Europe, Africa and Asia. Shows nautical exploration routes.Includes text, historical and geographical notes, and tables of comparative astronomical observations.","Sheet six of Green's A chart of North and South America, including the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, with the nearest coasts of Europe, Africa and Asia. Shows nautical exploration routes. Includes text, historical and geographical notes, and tables of comparative astronomical observations.","Sheet four of Green's A chart of North and South America, including the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, with the nearest coasts of Europe, Africa and Asia. Shows nautical exploration routes. Includes text, historical and geographical notes, and tables of comparative astronomical observations.","Highlighted on this fine topographic map of Boston and vicinity are the British and American troops. The American troops are colored red -- the first corps in Cambridge, the second corps opposite Charlestown neck, and the third corps near Roxbury. Among the many strategic topographic features so excellently rendered on this map is Dorchester Heights, which appears devoid of British defensive forces. This serious tactical error was ultimately recognized by General Washington, who occupied the Heights and forced the British to withdraw from the city on March 17, 1776. A note on the map reveals that it is based on an original plan of the siege drawn by order of the British government. Interestingly, the British fortifications on Boston Neck and Castle William Island are greatly exaggerated.","Campaign headquarters map showing military features and events in the New York area from June to November 1776.","This general map of the Americas, produced in Paris in 1788, depicts the political divisions in North America just after the Treaty of Paris was signed in 1783. The Treaty effectively ended the American Revolutionary War. The United States is comprised of land east of the Mississippi River, while Great Britain controls Canada and Spain controls Louisiana, Mexico, Florida and western North America. Also depicted is a large inset of the Canadian Arctic, and another two insets of Caribbean islands, in addition to an elaborately illustrated cartouche.","Map of the Americas designed to show the political divisions in North America immediately following the Treaty of Paris. Relief shown pictorially. Insets: Supplement pour le Nord de L'Amerique ; Isle de la Martinique ; Isle St. Domingue. Elaborate cartouche in lower left.","Michel Capitaine du Chesnoy, the Marquis de Lafayette's map maker, drew this map following the Battle of Monmouth Court House in northeastern New Jersey. After confusion surrounding the Continental Army's orders, the soldiers prevented the British troops from advancing. The battle occurred on a hot June day and hundreds of soldiers died of heatstroke. Women, who came to be referred to collectively as \"Molly Pitcher,\" supported the American troops by bringing water to cool the men and their guns. Although the battle ended inconclusively, it was a turning point for the professionalization of the American army as volunteer French and German military officers provided training.","This rare map was issued just months after Cornwallis' defeat in Yorktown, Va. The copy displayed here, complete with inset plan of the battle of Yorktown and an elaborate cartouche, is the second state of the map. An additional inset in the lower right depicts the colonies from Massachusetts to Delaware, and illustrates the geography upon which Washington and Rochambeau's armies marched on the way to Yorktown. This map conveys the importance of France's assistance to the Americans during the War.","German woodcut of the siege of Charleston, South Carolina in May 1780. The depiction of Charleston is imaginary. Donnhaeuser lacked a view of Charleston so he modified a pre-existing view of an unidentified German city to show the siege. Text describing the siege on verso, titled Nachricht von der belagerung und einnahme der stadt und hafens Charlestown in America.","One of the preferred routes that captains and navigators sailing from America to England learned to use was the Gulf Stream, a strong, warm current that flows north along the Atlantic coast and then east toward Europe. Initially charted by Benjamin Franklin in 1768, this discovery helped ships minimize travel time across the ocean, speeding up the transatlantic voyage for travelers, merchants, and goods. Franklin purchased this 1785 chart, a French adaptation of his original findings, when he served in Paris as a diplomat for the United States during the early years of the republic","Displayed here is the second state of J.B. Eliot's map of the newly formed republic, produced in 1778. This map closely resembles Louis Brion de la Tour's \"Carte du théatre de la guerre entre les Anglais et les Américans\" in appearance. Eliot's map is one of the first to recognize the name of the newly formed United States, \"Etats Unis,\" as seen by the inclusion of the phrase in the title cartouche, referring to Eliot's title of U.S. Engineer under his name. In this regard, Eliot's map is related to another map recognizing the newly named United States, namely Vaugondy's \"Carte du Canada et des Etats-Unis de l'Amérique Septentrionale.\" Both maps were published in 1778, and both incorporate the phrase \"Etats Unis\" in their title cartouches, however, it is unclear which map was actually produced first.","Bernard Ratzer, a Lieutenant in the Royal Artillery, prepared a survey of New Jersey in 1769 to assist the Boundary Commission in settling a long standing boundary dispute between the states of New York and New Jersey. London mapmaker William Faden published Ratzer's survey as a finished map in 1777 in his North American Atlas. Published during the American Revolution, the map depicts the area known to George Washington before the Battle of Monmouth, and shows the fortification at Valley Forge. Despite having several errors of location, the map is finely executed, and contains an elaborate cartouche of a farmhouse with landscape in the upper left corner. Displayed here is the first English edition of the map. A French derivative of this map by Georges-Louis LeRouge may be viewed online at: http://maps.bpl.org/id/rb15252.","This rare and unique map was produced by inventor and amateur mapmaker John Fitch, in an attempt to raise funds to support his newly invented steamboat. Fitch made and engraved the map himself, and printed it in Philadelphia on a cider press. Unfortunately for Fitch, the map never sold well, and the geography displayed on the map was well out-of-date by the time the Old Northwest was settled after being released from British and Native American control.","Ink and watercolor manuscript view from Boston looking southeast towards Dorchester and Castle Island. Shows British soldiers and parts of the encampment and town.","Pencil manuscript view of the Charles River.","Four views of the siege of Gibraltar. Includes \"La premiere representation de les X batteries flottantes\" ; \"Seconde representation des batteries flottantes\" ; \"Se general elliot recu les vivres et munitions de l'angleterre\" ; \"Prospect der IV blate von Gibraltar\".","The map depicts the opening of the British Southern offensive of 1778.","This rare map of New Hampshire was prepared from surveys by Samuel Holland - famed engineer who entered British service during the French and Indian War (1754-1763). The map depicts New Hampshire in great detail, illustrating rivers, streams, lakes, elevations, township boundaries, roads, and structures. Two great arcs delineate the boundary of a parcel known as \"Mason's Curve.\" The parcel, owned by John Mason (1586-1635), was originally located between the Merrimack and Kennebeck Rivers, however in 1748 was sold by one of Mason's descendants to twelve investors from Portsmouth. It is believed these investors commissioned the surveys in 1768-69 to more accurately locate the boundary of the landholding.","Subject: ships on the Saint Lawrence River with a rowboats full of troops disembarking below cliffs; battle in progress on heights above river.","Produced for the French Navy, the rare chart displayed here was the best available chart of this region for the time, and was used by all naval forces involved in combat during the American Revolutionary War. The information on this very detailed chart was based primarily on the work of American Anthony Smith, a local Chesapeake Bay pilot of St. Mary's County. The chart was consulted by Admiral de Grasse in his victory over the British off the Chesapeake Capes on September 5, 1781.","Color manuscript map by Kosciuszko showing encampments and military positions in the battles of Saratoga.","Colored manuscript map of the 1758 siege of Louisbourg showing ships, troop positions, camps and batteries. Includes references to points of interest, notes and description of the English fleet.","Colored manuscript map of the 1758 siege of Louisbourg showing ships, troop positions, and batteries. Includes references to points of interest. Oriented with north to the upper right. Colored manuscript map of Cape Breton Island showing fortifications and batteries. Includes a table listing troop distribution, references to points of interest, and notes.","Displayed here is the first state of Lattre's plan of Boston. The plan here was also separately issued. Describing Boston in the years before the American Revolutionary war, the plan includes information on shoals, soundings in the harbor, and the surrounding countryside. Lattre was the Royal Engraver to Louis XVI from 1776 to 1782, and is most famous for his \"Carte des Etats-Unis ...,\" also in the Richard H. Brown collection.","Pencil manuscript view of the ruins of Charlestown after the Battle of Bunker Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","Ink and watercolor manuscript panoramic view depicting the area around Boston during the siege after the Battle of Bunker Hill, as seen from Beacon Hill.","2 sheets.  Ink and watercolor manuscript map and key. Map shows fortifications and rough features of the peninsula of Boston. Key indicates the order of battle of British troops. The disposition of troops on July 17th, 1775 was possibly intended to be added to the map.","This rare map depicts Long Island, New York City, and the Connecticut coastline north to Stonington Bay. Muller took the geography on this map directly from Thomas Jeffery's 1755 map titled \"A Map of the Most Inhabited Part of New England ...\" The copy displayed here was most likely issued separately from its original pamphlet, and may have been bound unfolded into a folio composite atlas produced during the American Revolutionary War era.","Moses Park, a surveyor from Preston, Connecticut, executed this map in 1766 with the assistance of Asa Spaulding of Norwalk and Samuel Mott of Preston. Displayed here is the second state of the map, which differs from the first state in the collection of the Clements Library at the University of Michigan. In this state, an \"e\" has been added to the name of Shelburne, and \"Connecticut R.\" is seen on the bend of the river above Hadham. Other locational changes have been made in this state as well.","Shows the boundaries established by the preliminary Treaty of Peace, signed 30 November 1782, and published prior to the signing of the formal Treaty on 3 September 1783. Includes a detailed plan of the Siege of Yorktown.","The map displayed here is an unrecorded version of a German broadside known only at the Library of Congress. This state is unique in that it was sold by a different person, and there are differences in the text portion of the broadside. It is a variant state of LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 142.","Shows the east coast from the Gulf of the St. Lawrence to the Carolinas, and the interior as far west as the Mississippi Valley. Displayed here is the first state of the map, lacking the inset of Fort Frederick.","The plan displayed here depicts the Siege of Charleston, S.C., conducted by the British forces in early 1780. In February 1780, British General Henry Clinton's army arrived thirty miles south of Charleston, and began their assault on the city, which was protected by an American force commanded by Gen. Benjamin Lincoln. The British took control of the sea, and effectively cut the American off from any support. This plan was produced for Tarleton's memoir \"A History of the Campaigns of 1780 and 1781, in the Southern Provinces of North America.\" The plan was produced on very heavy laid paper, and does not present any folds or pagination. This plan may be a pre-publication proof or a presentation copy.","This general map of the Americas was produced by the firm of Vaugondy. Gilles Robert de Vaugondy was the leading French globemaker of the 18th century, and was appointed geographer to Louis XV in 1734. Like \"L'Amerique divise?e en ses principaux Etats\" by Lattre and Bonne from 1788, this map shows the new boundaries of North America as a result of the Treaty of Paris in 1783. The newly created United States, along with Spanish lands in the south are clearly delineated. This may be the fourth state of the map, however it is not listed in Pedley's \"Bel et Utile.\"","Shows territorial possessions in North America after the Treaty of Paris. Includes the satirical \"Theodolite's letter to the Botcher's Club in Monmouth Street.\" The open letter appears to praise the treaty and the 3rd Earl of Bute, who worked on the treaty, while actually pointing out the weaknesses of the territory gained. Theodolite, a scientific instrument used in surveying, likely represented Bute, who collected such instruments. Botchers were menders such as tailor and cobblers, and Monmouth Street was known for its second-hand shops. The letter was thus from Bute to those with mercantile interests or low connections as Bute?s peers disapproved of him and the treaty. The true author of the letter was likely Sayer or a colleague with similar political sentiments.","De Brahm concentrated his surveying efforts on the east coast of Florida, from St. Augustine south to the Keys. This chart of the southern tip of east Florida was included in the English edition of The Atlantic Pilot, along with a chart of the Gulf Stream and a map of the ancient Florida peninsula. De Brahm's meticulous hydrographic survey work is evident in this chart, with its numerous soundings, outlines of shoals, and inclusion of anchoring places. These surveys were eventually used by Des Barres, and the information was included on the charts which make up The Atlantic Neptune."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Jefferys \u0026 Faden  (London, England)","Robert Sayer and John Bennett (Firm)","Covens et Mortier et Covens, junior","Iaegernsche Buchhandlung","Rocque (M. A.) (Firm)","Mondhare (Firm)","Esnauts et Rapilly","American Philosophical Society","Iagernschen Buchhandlung","Kaiserlich Franciscische Akademie der Freien Künste und Wissenschaften","Homann Erben (Firm)","France. 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(Louis), 1731-1802","Beaurain, Jean de, 1696-1771","Croisey, P.","Blanchard, Joseph, -1758","Langdon, Samuel, 1723-1797","Townshend, Charles, 1725-1767","Blodget, Samuel, 1724-1807","Bonne, Rigobert, 1727-1794","Lattré, Jean","Bowles, Carington, 1724-1793","Brion de la Tour, Louis, 1743-1803","Desnos, Louis-Charles, 1725-1805","Jaillot, Alexis Hubert, 1632?-1712","Byres, John","Bayly, John Abraham, active 1755-1794","Capitaine du Chesnoy, Michel, 1746-1804","Perrier, active 1760-1824","Bowles, John, 1701-1779","Howdell, Thomas (1747-1771)","Canot, Pierre Charles, 1710-1777","Denis, Louis, 1725-1794","Donnhäuser, Johann David, 1752-1789","Dumas, Mathieu, comte, 1753-1837","Rocque, John, -1762","Durnford, Desmaretz, -1782","Franklin, Benjamin, 1706-1790","Easburn, Benjamin","André, Peter","Eliot, J. 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Leopold","Anville, Jean Baptiste Bourguignon d', 1697-1782","Kilian, Georg Christoph, 1709-1781","Lodge, John, -1796","Scull, Nicholas, 1686?-1761?","Heap, George, active 1715-1760","Smyth, Hervey, 1734-1811","Benazech, Peter (Peter Paul), 1730?-1798","Sandby, Paul, 1731-1809","Swain, Francis, active 1740-1782","Smith, Anthony, pilot of St. Marys","Stobo, Robert, 1726-1770","Kościuszko, Tadeusz, 1746-1817","Lartigue, Pierre-Jerome, 1729-1772","Rigaudiere, Chevalier","Leach, J.","Lotter, Matthäus Albrecht, 1741-1810","Moithey, Maurille Antoine, 1732-1805","Andrews, Peter, active 1765-1782","Müller, J. C. (Johann Carl)","Orme, Robert, -1781","Moses, Park, active 1766-","Lansdowne, William Petty, Marquis of, 1737-1805","Nolin, Jean Baptiste, 1686-1762","Pingeling, T. A. (Thomas Albrecht), 1727-1803","Ritter, F. C.","Rapin de Thoyras, M. (Paul), 1661-1725","Tindal, N. (Nicholas), 1687-1774","Rhode, Johann Christoph, 1713-1786","Berger, Friedrich Gottlieb, 1713-","Herbert, William","Tarleton, Lieutenant-General (Banastre), 1754-1833","Delamarche, Charles François, 1740-1817","Burgoyne, John, 1722-1792","Halifax, George Montagu-Dunk, Earl of, 1716-1771","Romans, Bernard, 1741?-approximately 1784","Hancock, John, 1737-1793","Andrews, John, 1736-1809","Harris, John, 1756-1846","Braddock, Edward, 1695?-1755","De Foligne, M., Lieutenant du Frigate du Roi","Berthier, Louis-Alexandre, 1753-1815","Harmar, Josiah, 1753-1813","Gibson, J. (John), active 1750-1792"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Jefferys \u0026 Faden  (London, England)","Robert Sayer and John Bennett (Firm)","Covens et Mortier et Covens, junior","Iaegernsche Buchhandlung","Rocque (M. A.) 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(Samuel)","Wallis, John, 1714-1793","Le Rouge, Georges-Louis","Vallancey, Charles (Charles Vallancey), 1721-1812","Klockhoff, H. (Hendrik)","Des Barres, Joseph F. W. (Joseph Frederick Wallet), 1729-1824","Wilkinson, William Cumberland","Serres, Dominic, 1719-1793","Ozanne, Pierre, 1737-1813","Robert de Vaugondy, Gilles, 1688-1766","Fortin, J. (Jean), 1740-1817","Mitchell, John, 1711-1768","Millar, Andrew, 1705-1768","Kitchin, Thomas, 1718-1784","Phelipeau, René, active 1748-1784","Cornwallis, Charles Cornwallis, Marquis, 1738-1805","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Rochambeau, Jean-Baptiste-Donatien de Vimeur, comte de, 1725-1807","Jaeger, Johann Christian","Berndt, Johann Christian, 1748-1812","Sayer, Robert, 1725-1794","Ravell, Anthony, 1675-1727","Delarochette, L. (Louis), 1731-1802","Beaurain, Jean de, 1696-1771","Croisey, P.","Blanchard, Joseph, -1758","Langdon, Samuel, 1723-1797","Townshend, Charles, 1725-1767","Blodget, Samuel, 1724-1807","Bonne, Rigobert, 1727-1794","Lattré, Jean","Bowles, Carington, 1724-1793","Brion de la Tour, Louis, 1743-1803","Desnos, Louis-Charles, 1725-1805","Jaillot, Alexis Hubert, 1632?-1712","Byres, John","Bayly, John Abraham, active 1755-1794","Capitaine du Chesnoy, Michel, 1746-1804","Perrier, active 1760-1824","Bowles, John, 1701-1779","Howdell, Thomas (1747-1771)","Canot, Pierre Charles, 1710-1777","Denis, Louis, 1725-1794","Donnhäuser, Johann David, 1752-1789","Dumas, Mathieu, comte, 1753-1837","Rocque, John, -1762","Durnford, Desmaretz, -1782","Franklin, Benjamin, 1706-1790","Easburn, Benjamin","André, Peter","Eliot, J. B.","Eynon, R.","Ratzer, Bernard","Bancker, Gerard, 1740-1799","Sauthier, Claude Joseph","Fisher, Thomas, 1741-1810","Smither, James","Fitch, John, 1743-1798","Fry, Joshua, approximately 1700-1754","Jefferson, Peter, 1708-1757","Gage, Thomas, 1721-1787","Aitken, Robert, 1735-1802","Gascoigne, John","Gerlach, P., Deputy Quarter Master General","Grasse, François Joseph Paul de Grasse, comte de, 1722-1788","Graves, Thomas Graves, 1725?-1802","Williams, Richard, -1776","Will, Johann Martin, 1727-1806","Grevingen, F. de","Maugein, Charles","Rolffsen, F. N., approximately 1719-1802","Zell, J. M.","Bergmiller (Engraver)","Winckler, Jean Benoit","Archibald, Campbell, Lieut. Col. 71st Regt.","Berger, Daniel","Cheevers, T.","Imbert, J. Leopold","Anville, Jean Baptiste Bourguignon d', 1697-1782","Kilian, Georg Christoph, 1709-1781","Lodge, John, -1796","Scull, Nicholas, 1686?-1761?","Heap, George, active 1715-1760","Smyth, Hervey, 1734-1811","Benazech, Peter (Peter Paul), 1730?-1798","Sandby, Paul, 1731-1809","Swain, Francis, active 1740-1782","Smith, Anthony, pilot of St. Marys","Stobo, Robert, 1726-1770","Kościuszko, Tadeusz, 1746-1817","Lartigue, Pierre-Jerome, 1729-1772","Rigaudiere, Chevalier","Leach, J.","Lotter, Matthäus Albrecht, 1741-1810","Moithey, Maurille Antoine, 1732-1805","Andrews, Peter, active 1765-1782","Müller, J. C. (Johann Carl)","Orme, Robert, -1781","Moses, Park, active 1766-","Lansdowne, William Petty, Marquis of, 1737-1805","Nolin, Jean Baptiste, 1686-1762","Pingeling, T. A. (Thomas Albrecht), 1727-1803","Ritter, F. C.","Rapin de Thoyras, M. (Paul), 1661-1725","Tindal, N. (Nicholas), 1687-1774","Rhode, Johann Christoph, 1713-1786","Berger, Friedrich Gottlieb, 1713-","Herbert, William","Tarleton, Lieutenant-General (Banastre), 1754-1833","Delamarche, Charles François, 1740-1817","Burgoyne, John, 1722-1792","Halifax, George Montagu-Dunk, Earl of, 1716-1771","Romans, Bernard, 1741?-approximately 1784","Hancock, John, 1737-1793","Andrews, John, 1736-1809","Harris, John, 1756-1846","Braddock, Edward, 1695?-1755","De Foligne, M., Lieutenant du Frigate du Roi","Berthier, Louis-Alexandre, 1753-1815","Harmar, Josiah, 1753-1813","Gibson, J. (John), active 1750-1792"],"language_ssim":["English \n,        French \n,        German \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":242,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T05:55:09.076Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_74_c217"}},{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1283_c01_c05","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Augusta Academy subscriptions per Presbytery of Hanover","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1283_c01_c05#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"First of six documents [Index No. 5] - includes trustees","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1283_c01_c05#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1283_c01_c05","ref_ssm":["vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1283_c01_c05"],"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1283_c01_c05","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1283","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1283","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1283_c01","parent_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1283_c01","parent_ssim":["vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1283","vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1283_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1283","vilxw_repositories_5_resources_1283_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Jacob Fuller scrapbook","Documents on Washington \u0026 Lee University early history"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Jacob Fuller scrapbook","Documents on Washington \u0026 Lee University early history"],"text":["Jacob Fuller scrapbook","Documents on Washington \u0026 Lee University early history","Augusta Academy subscriptions per Presbytery of Hanover","English","Scrapbook 1","Item 2, Doc. 5","First of six documents [Index No. 5] - includes trustees"],"title_filing_ssi":"Augusta Academy subscriptions per Presbytery of Hanover ","title_ssm":["Augusta Academy subscriptions per Presbytery of Hanover"],"title_tesim":["Augusta Academy subscriptions per Presbytery of Hanover"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1777-06-01"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1777"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Augusta Academy subscriptions per Presbytery of Hanover"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"collection_ssim":["Jacob Fuller scrapbook"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":6,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research use."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. 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