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The collection is minimally processed, so folder arrangement, titles, or dates are subject to change if additional processing occurs.","Series 1\n        Exhibition Files, 1936-2012, undated\n      \n      \n        Series 2\n        Exhibitions Management, 1936-2015, undated\n      \n      \n        Series 3\n        Collections Management, 1977-2004, undated [RESTRICTED]\n      \n      \n        Series 4\n        Galleries, 1977-2004, undated"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eMany of the museum's exhibitions have published catalogs, which can be found in the Library's catalog \u003ca href=\"http://www.pandora.vmfa.museum/\"\u003ePandora\u003c/a\u003e or in the Archives \u003ca href=\"https://archives.vmfa.museum/repositories/2/resources/57\"\u003eCatalog Collection (PB-01)\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eFor each exhibition held at the museum, the Archives has a vertical file which may include announcements, clippings, press releases, brochures, reviews, invitations, small exhibition catalogs, and other ephemeral material. \u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003e Some early exhibition records are found in the Archives \u003ca href=\"https://archives.vmfa.museum/repositories/2/resources/44\"\u003eDirector's Correspondence (RG-01)\u003c/a\u003e and curators often created their own exhibition records which are found in the Archives \u003ca href=\"https://archives.vmfa.museum/repositories/2/resources/24\"\u003eCuratorial Collection (RG-03)\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Related Materials - VMFA Library and Archives"],"bibliography_tesim":["Many of the museum's exhibitions have published catalogs, which can be found in the Library's catalog Pandora or in the Archives Catalog Collection (PB-01).","For each exhibition held at the museum, the Archives has a vertical file which may include announcements, clippings, press releases, brochures, reviews, invitations, small exhibition catalogs, and other ephemeral material.","Some early exhibition records are found in the Archives Director's Correspondence (RG-01) and curators often created their own exhibition records which are found in the Archives Curatorial Collection (RG-03)."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was transferred from the Exhibitions Department through periodic deposits.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["The collection was transferred from the Exhibitions Department through periodic deposits."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords of the Exhibitions Department (RG-23). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Records of the Exhibitions Department (RG-23). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was originally processed from June through August 2011, and then reprocessed in 2016. During processing, non-permanent materials such as copies of meeting minutes, routine correspondence, copies of invoices, departmental budgetary information, and declined exhibition proposals were destroyed according to VMFA's Records Retention and Disposition Schedule. Periodicals, books, and exhibition catalogs were transferred to the Library's collection. All files before 1980 were rehoused in new archivally sound folders. Original folder titles were generally retained, when provided.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection was originally processed from June through August 2011, and then reprocessed in 2016. During processing, non-permanent materials such as copies of meeting minutes, routine correspondence, copies of invoices, departmental budgetary information, and declined exhibition proposals were destroyed according to VMFA's Records Retention and Disposition Schedule. Periodicals, books, and exhibition catalogs were transferred to the Library's collection. All files before 1980 were rehoused in new archivally sound folders. Original folder titles were generally retained, when provided."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection's inclusive dates are 1936-2015, with the bulk of the material dating from 1979-2004. The collection is comprised of correspondence, exhibition schedules, budgets, grant applications, photographs, object lists, notes, collection statements, planning documents, project files, policies, loan arrangements and decisions, and other materials.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection's inclusive dates are 1936-2015, with the bulk of the material dating from 1979-2004. The collection is comprised of correspondence, exhibition schedules, budgets, grant applications, photographs, object lists, notes, collection statements, planning documents, project files, policies, loan arrangements and decisions, and other materials."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts -- Exhibitions","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts -- Art collections"],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts -- Exhibitions","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts -- Art collections"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts -- Exhibitions","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts -- Art collections"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"total_component_count_is":5477,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:40:26.009Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_355","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_355","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_355","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_355","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMFA/repositories_2_resources_355.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.vmfa.museum/repositories/2/resources/355","title_filing_ssi":"Exhibitions Department (RG-23)","title_ssm":["Records of the Exhibitions Department (RG-23)"],"title_tesim":["Records of the Exhibitions Department (RG-23)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1936-2015 [minimally processed; subject to change]"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1936-2015 [minimally processed; subject to change]"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1936/2015"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Records of the Exhibitions Department (RG-23), 1936/2015"],"text":["Records of the Exhibitions Department (RG-23), 1936/2015","RG-23","/repositories/2/resources/355","The collection is minimally processed. Requests to perform research must be submitted to the VMFA Archives at least three business days in advance.","As custodians of public records, VMFA only restricts access to public records when sensitive information is present. Such restrictions are applied in accordance with the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3700 thru § 2.2-3714) and the Government Data Collection and Dissemination Practices Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3800 thru § 2.2-3809). Both Museum staff and the public may need written permission from the Director to view certain restricted records.","Series 3 (Collections Management) is restricted as they contain sensitive information about acquisitions, insurance, security, and other issues related to the museum's art collection.","The collection is organized into 4 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series. The collection is minimally processed, so folder arrangement, titles, or dates are subject to change if additional processing occurs.","Series 1\n        Exhibition Files, 1936-2012, undated\n      \n      \n        Series 2\n        Exhibitions Management, 1936-2015, undated\n      \n      \n        Series 3\n        Collections Management, 1977-2004, undated [RESTRICTED]\n      \n      \n        Series 4\n        Galleries, 1977-2004, undated","Many of the museum's exhibitions have published catalogs, which can be found in the Library's catalog Pandora or in the Archives Catalog Collection (PB-01).","For each exhibition held at the museum, the Archives has a vertical file which may include announcements, clippings, press releases, brochures, reviews, invitations, small exhibition catalogs, and other ephemeral material.","Some early exhibition records are found in the Archives Director's Correspondence (RG-01) and curators often created their own exhibition records which are found in the Archives Curatorial Collection (RG-03).","The collection was transferred from the Exhibitions Department through periodic deposits.","This collection was originally processed from June through August 2011, and then reprocessed in 2016. During processing, non-permanent materials such as copies of meeting minutes, routine correspondence, copies of invoices, departmental budgetary information, and declined exhibition proposals were destroyed according to VMFA's Records Retention and Disposition Schedule. Periodicals, books, and exhibition catalogs were transferred to the Library's collection. All files before 1980 were rehoused in new archivally sound folders. Original folder titles were generally retained, when provided.","The collection's inclusive dates are 1936-2015, with the bulk of the material dating from 1979-2004. The collection is comprised of correspondence, exhibition schedules, budgets, grant applications, photographs, object lists, notes, collection statements, planning documents, project files, policies, loan arrangements and decisions, and other materials.","The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts -- Exhibitions","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts -- Art collections","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Records of the Exhibitions Department (RG-23), 1936/2015"],"collection_ssim":["Records of the Exhibitions Department (RG-23), 1936/2015"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG-23","/repositories/2/resources/355"],"unitid_tesim":["RG-23","/repositories/2/resources/355"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"creator_ssm":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"creator_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts -- Exhibitions","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts -- Art collections"],"creators_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts -- Exhibitions","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts -- Art collections"],"access_terms_ssm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["193.0 Linear Feet 265 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["193.0 Linear Feet 265 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is minimally processed. 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VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Records of the Exhibitions Department (RG-23). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was originally processed from June through August 2011, and then reprocessed in 2016. During processing, non-permanent materials such as copies of meeting minutes, routine correspondence, copies of invoices, departmental budgetary information, and declined exhibition proposals were destroyed according to VMFA's Records Retention and Disposition Schedule. Periodicals, books, and exhibition catalogs were transferred to the Library's collection. All files before 1980 were rehoused in new archivally sound folders. Original folder titles were generally retained, when provided.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection was originally processed from June through August 2011, and then reprocessed in 2016. During processing, non-permanent materials such as copies of meeting minutes, routine correspondence, copies of invoices, departmental budgetary information, and declined exhibition proposals were destroyed according to VMFA's Records Retention and Disposition Schedule. Periodicals, books, and exhibition catalogs were transferred to the Library's collection. All files before 1980 were rehoused in new archivally sound folders. Original folder titles were generally retained, when provided."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection's inclusive dates are 1936-2015, with the bulk of the material dating from 1979-2004. The collection is comprised of correspondence, exhibition schedules, budgets, grant applications, photographs, object lists, notes, collection statements, planning documents, project files, policies, loan arrangements and decisions, and other materials.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection's inclusive dates are 1936-2015, with the bulk of the material dating from 1979-2004. The collection is comprised of correspondence, exhibition schedules, budgets, grant applications, photographs, object lists, notes, collection statements, planning documents, project files, policies, loan arrangements and decisions, and other materials."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is subject to all copyright laws. 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Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts -- Exhibitions","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts -- Art collections"],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts -- Exhibitions","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts -- Art collections"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts -- Exhibitions","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts -- Art collections"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"total_component_count_is":5477,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:40:26.009Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_355"}},{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_265","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Records of the Fischer Collection (RG-31), 1967/2013","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_265#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_265#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection was artifically created in order to bring together records about the Fischer collection residing in multiple collections in the VMFA Archives, as well as in the museum's records at the Library of Virginia. As such, the collection is entirely comprised of photocopies of records from the 1960s to the 2010s. To date, the museum has not located a collection of contemporaneous Fischer family records within its collections.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_265#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_265","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_265","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_265","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_265","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMFA/repositories_2_resources_265.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.vmfa.museum/repositories/2/resources/265","title_filing_ssi":"Fischer Collection (RG-31)","title_ssm":["Records of the Fischer Collection (RG-31)"],"title_tesim":["Records of the Fischer Collection (RG-31)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1967-2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1967-2013"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1967/2013"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Records of the Fischer Collection (RG-31), 1967/2013"],"text":["Records of the Fischer Collection (RG-31), 1967/2013","RG-31","/repositories/2/resources/265","Art, German -- 20th century","Expressionism (Art) -- Germany","Art -- Private collections -- Germany","Art -- Private collections -- Virginia -- Richmond","Prints -- Private collections -- Virginia -- Richmond","The collection is open for research.","The collection is organized into seven series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series.","Series 1\n        History Files, 1986-2013\n      \n      \n        Series 2\n        Director's Files, 1984-2004\n      \n      \n        Series 3\n        Collections Files, 1985-1998, undated\n      \n      \n        Series 4\n        Registration Files, 1987-1989\n      \n      \n        Series 5\n        Marketing and Communications, 1995\n      \n      \n        Series 6\n        Collectors' Circle Files, 1987\n      \n      \n        Series 7\n        Exhibition Files, 1967-1987, undated","These titles belonged to Ludwig and Rosy Fischer, and were donated to the museum in December 1995 by Anne Fischer.","J. B. Neumanns Bilderhefte, 19--?","Max Liebermann: Mit einem Porträt nach einer Photographischen Aufnahme und Vierzig Tafeln mit 100 Abbildungen nach Gemälden, Zeichnungen und Radierungen, 1906?","Hans von Marées: Sein Leben und Sein Werk, 1909","Fritz Boehle, 1909","Noa Noa, 1912","Auguste Rodin die Kunst: Gespräche des Meisters, 1913","Handbuch der Kunstgeschichte, 1915","Hiob: Ein Drama, 1917","Genius: Zeitschrift für Werdende und Alte Kunst, 1919-1921","Archipenko-Album, 1921","Das Egon Schiele Buch, 1921","Neben der Heerstrasse, 1923","Umbra Vitae: Nachgelassene Gedichte, 1924","Dei Graphik Ernst Ludwig Kirchners bis 1924, 1924-1926","Kirchner-Zeichnungen: 100 Tafeln und Zahlreiche Holzschnitte im Text, 1925","Kommende Baukunst, 1926","Das Werk Ernst Ludwig Kirchners, 1926","E.L. Kirchner: German Expressionist: A Loan Exhibition, 1958","German Expressionism, Die Brücke: Paintings, Prints and Watercolors from the Collection of Dr. and Mrs. Ernst Fischer: University of Virginia Art Museum, 1978","Conrad Felixmüller, 1897-1977: Prints and Drawings from the Collection of Dr. Ernst and Anne Fischer, 1979","The Passionate Collectors: Ludwig and Rosi Fischer and German Expressionism: Essays, 1985","German Expressionist Art: The Ludwig and Rosy Fischer Collection, 1987","Expressionismus und Exil: Die Sammlung Ludwig und Rosy Fischer, Frankfurt am Main, 1990","German Expressionist Art: Selections From The Ludwig And Rosy Fischer Collection, 1987","German Expressionist Art: Selections from the Fischer Collection, 2010","VMFA Donors: Fischer Family","VMFA Collections: Special Collections: Fischer, Ludwig and Rosy: German Expressionist Art","Fischer Family Papers, 1900s-2009 (Record Group 23)","Guide to the Papers of Anne Fischer, 1884-1982 (Coll. No. AR 10519/MF 992)","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Exhibition Files, 1986-1987 (Coll. No. 34679)","Ludwig and Rosy Fischer acquired examples of German Expressionism between 1905 and 1925 and their collection included works by artists who were key figures in the Die Brücke movement: Max Beckmann, Peter August Böckstiegel, Otto Dix, Conrad Felixmüeller, Erich Heckel, Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, and Emil Nolde. Die Brücke (\"the Bridge\") was a pivotal movement within German Expressionism, comprised of artists who responded subjectively to the changing world around them. Their style was defined by vivid colors, strong lines, and distorted forms—characteristics that have come to symbolize German Expressionism as a whole.","The Fischer's collection was divided evenly between their sons, and after Ernst and his wife, Anne, left Germany and settled in Richmond, Virginia, their half of the collection was preserved for more than 70 years in their home. In 2009, the Fischer Collection became the last refugee collection of German Expressionism to enter a U.S. museum when it was acquired by VMFA through a gift-purchase agreement with Ernst's widow, Anne Fischer.","Source: German Expressionist Work is Reunited with Ludwig and Rosy Fischer Collection at VMFA","The collection was artificially created by the VMFA Archives in February 2016.","The collection's inclusive dates are 1967-2013, with the bulk of the material dating from 1985-1987. The collection is comprised of correspondence, memorandums, clippings, publicity, copies of photographs and slides and other ephemeral material.","The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.","The collection was artifically created in order to bring together records about the Fischer collection residing in multiple collections in the VMFA Archives, as well as in the museum's records at the Library of Virginia. As such, the collection is entirely comprised of photocopies of records from the 1960s to the 2010s. To date, the museum has not located a collection of contemporaneous Fischer family records within its collections.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Fischer, Rosy, 1869-1926","Fischer, Ludwig, 1860-1922","Fischer, Anne, 1902-2008","Fischer, Ernst, 1896-","Simon, Hermann, 1900-1990","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Records of the Fischer Collection (RG-31), 1967/2013"],"collection_ssim":["Records of the Fischer Collection (RG-31), 1967/2013"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG-31","/repositories/2/resources/265"],"unitid_tesim":["RG-31","/repositories/2/resources/265"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"creator_ssm":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"creator_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Fischer, Rosy, 1869-1926","Fischer, Ludwig, 1860-1922","Fischer, Anne, 1902-2008","Fischer, Ernst, 1896-","Simon, Hermann, 1900-1990"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"creators_ssim":["Fischer, Rosy, 1869-1926","Fischer, Ludwig, 1860-1922","Fischer, Anne, 1902-2008","Fischer, Ernst, 1896-","Simon, Hermann, 1900-1990","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"access_terms_ssm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Art, German -- 20th century","Expressionism (Art) -- Germany","Art -- Private collections -- Germany","Art -- Private collections -- Virginia -- Richmond","Prints -- Private collections -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Art, German -- 20th century","Expressionism (Art) -- Germany","Art -- Private collections -- Germany","Art -- Private collections -- Virginia -- Richmond","Prints -- Private collections -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.25 Linear Feet 1 box; 34 files"],"extent_tesim":["1.25 Linear Feet 1 box; 34 files"],"date_range_isim":[1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into seven series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 1\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eHistory Files, 1986-2013\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 2\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDirector's Files, 1984-2004\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 3\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eCollections Files, 1985-1998, undated\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 4\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRegistration Files, 1987-1989\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 5\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMarketing and Communications, 1995\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 6\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eCollectors' Circle Files, 1987\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 7\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eExhibition Files, 1967-1987, undated\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into seven series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series.","Series 1\n        History Files, 1986-2013\n      \n      \n        Series 2\n        Director's Files, 1984-2004\n      \n      \n        Series 3\n        Collections Files, 1985-1998, undated\n      \n      \n        Series 4\n        Registration Files, 1987-1989\n      \n      \n        Series 5\n        Marketing and Communications, 1995\n      \n      \n        Series 6\n        Collectors' Circle Files, 1987\n      \n      \n        Series 7\n        Exhibition Files, 1967-1987, undated"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThese titles belonged to Ludwig and Rosy Fischer, and were donated to the museum in December 1995 by Anne Fischer.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003cbibref\u003eJ. B. Neumanns Bilderhefte, 19--?\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eMax Liebermann: Mit einem Porträt nach einer Photographischen Aufnahme und Vierzig Tafeln mit 100 Abbildungen nach Gemälden, Zeichnungen und Radierungen, 1906?\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eHans von Marées: Sein Leben und Sein Werk, 1909\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eFritz Boehle, 1909\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eNoa Noa, 1912\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eAuguste Rodin die Kunst: Gespräche des Meisters, 1913\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eHandbuch der Kunstgeschichte, 1915\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eHiob: Ein Drama, 1917\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eGenius: Zeitschrift für Werdende und Alte Kunst, 1919-1921\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eArchipenko-Album, 1921\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eDas Egon Schiele Buch, 1921\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eNeben der Heerstrasse, 1923\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eUmbra Vitae: Nachgelassene Gedichte, 1924\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eDei Graphik Ernst Ludwig Kirchners bis 1924, 1924-1926 \u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eKirchner-Zeichnungen: 100 Tafeln und Zahlreiche Holzschnitte im Text, 1925\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eKommende Baukunst, 1926\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eDas Werk Ernst Ludwig Kirchners, 1926\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  ","\u003cbibref\u003eE.L. Kirchner: German Expressionist: A Loan Exhibition, 1958\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eGerman Expressionism, Die Brücke: Paintings, Prints and Watercolors from the Collection of Dr. and Mrs. Ernst Fischer: University of Virginia Art Museum, 1978\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eConrad Felixmüller, 1897-1977: Prints and Drawings from the Collection of Dr. Ernst and Anne Fischer, 1979\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eThe Passionate Collectors: Ludwig and Rosi Fischer and German Expressionism: Essays, 1985\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eGerman Expressionist Art: The Ludwig and Rosy Fischer Collection, 1987\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eExpressionismus und Exil: Die Sammlung Ludwig und Rosy Fischer, Frankfurt am Main, 1990\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  ","\u003cbibref\u003eGerman Expressionist Art: Selections From The Ludwig And Rosy Fischer Collection, 1987\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eGerman Expressionist Art: Selections from the Fischer Collection, 2010\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  ","\u003cbibref\u003eVMFA Donors: Fischer Family\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eVMFA Collections: Special Collections: Fischer, Ludwig and Rosy: German Expressionist Art\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  ","\u003cbibref\u003eFischer Family Papers, 1900s-2009 (Record Group 23)\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  ","\u003cbibref\u003eGuide to the Papers of Anne Fischer, 1884-1982 (Coll. No. AR 10519/MF 992) \u003c/bibref\u003e\n  ","\u003cbibref\u003eVirginia Museum of Fine Arts Exhibition Files, 1986-1987 (Coll. No. 34679)\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Related Materials: VMFA Library - Rare Books","Related Materials: VMFA Library - Catalogs","Related Materials: VMFA Library - Exhibition Files","Related Materials: VMFA Library - Subject Files","Related Materials: Virginia Holocaust Museum","Related Materials: Leo Baeck Institute","Related Materials: Library of Virginia"],"bibliography_tesim":["These titles belonged to Ludwig and Rosy Fischer, and were donated to the museum in December 1995 by Anne Fischer.","J. B. Neumanns Bilderhefte, 19--?","Max Liebermann: Mit einem Porträt nach einer Photographischen Aufnahme und Vierzig Tafeln mit 100 Abbildungen nach Gemälden, Zeichnungen und Radierungen, 1906?","Hans von Marées: Sein Leben und Sein Werk, 1909","Fritz Boehle, 1909","Noa Noa, 1912","Auguste Rodin die Kunst: Gespräche des Meisters, 1913","Handbuch der Kunstgeschichte, 1915","Hiob: Ein Drama, 1917","Genius: Zeitschrift für Werdende und Alte Kunst, 1919-1921","Archipenko-Album, 1921","Das Egon Schiele Buch, 1921","Neben der Heerstrasse, 1923","Umbra Vitae: Nachgelassene Gedichte, 1924","Dei Graphik Ernst Ludwig Kirchners bis 1924, 1924-1926","Kirchner-Zeichnungen: 100 Tafeln und Zahlreiche Holzschnitte im Text, 1925","Kommende Baukunst, 1926","Das Werk Ernst Ludwig Kirchners, 1926","E.L. Kirchner: German Expressionist: A Loan Exhibition, 1958","German Expressionism, Die Brücke: Paintings, Prints and Watercolors from the Collection of Dr. and Mrs. Ernst Fischer: University of Virginia Art Museum, 1978","Conrad Felixmüller, 1897-1977: Prints and Drawings from the Collection of Dr. Ernst and Anne Fischer, 1979","The Passionate Collectors: Ludwig and Rosi Fischer and German Expressionism: Essays, 1985","German Expressionist Art: The Ludwig and Rosy Fischer Collection, 1987","Expressionismus und Exil: Die Sammlung Ludwig und Rosy Fischer, Frankfurt am Main, 1990","German Expressionist Art: Selections From The Ludwig And Rosy Fischer Collection, 1987","German Expressionist Art: Selections from the Fischer Collection, 2010","VMFA Donors: Fischer Family","VMFA Collections: Special Collections: Fischer, Ludwig and Rosy: German Expressionist Art","Fischer Family Papers, 1900s-2009 (Record Group 23)","Guide to the Papers of Anne Fischer, 1884-1982 (Coll. No. AR 10519/MF 992)","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Exhibition Files, 1986-1987 (Coll. No. 34679)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLudwig and Rosy Fischer acquired examples of German Expressionism between 1905 and 1925 and their collection included works by artists who were key figures in the Die Brücke movement: Max Beckmann, Peter August Böckstiegel, Otto Dix, Conrad Felixmüeller, Erich Heckel, Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, and Emil Nolde. Die Brücke (\"the Bridge\") was a pivotal movement within German Expressionism, comprised of artists who responded subjectively to the changing world around them. Their style was defined by vivid colors, strong lines, and distorted forms—characteristics that have come to symbolize German Expressionism as a whole.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Fischer's collection was divided evenly between their sons, and after Ernst and his wife, Anne, left Germany and settled in Richmond, Virginia, their half of the collection was preserved for more than 70 years in their home. In 2009, the Fischer Collection became the last refugee collection of German Expressionism to enter a U.S. museum when it was acquired by VMFA through a gift-purchase agreement with Ernst's widow, Anne Fischer. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSource: \u003ca href=\"https://www.vmfa.museum/pressroom/news/german-expressionist-work-is-reunited-with-ludwig-and-rosy-fischer-collection-at-vmfa/\"\u003eGerman Expressionist Work is Reunited with Ludwig and Rosy Fischer Collection at VMFA\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Ludwig and Rosy Fischer acquired examples of German Expressionism between 1905 and 1925 and their collection included works by artists who were key figures in the Die Brücke movement: Max Beckmann, Peter August Böckstiegel, Otto Dix, Conrad Felixmüeller, Erich Heckel, Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, and Emil Nolde. Die Brücke (\"the Bridge\") was a pivotal movement within German Expressionism, comprised of artists who responded subjectively to the changing world around them. Their style was defined by vivid colors, strong lines, and distorted forms—characteristics that have come to symbolize German Expressionism as a whole.","The Fischer's collection was divided evenly between their sons, and after Ernst and his wife, Anne, left Germany and settled in Richmond, Virginia, their half of the collection was preserved for more than 70 years in their home. In 2009, the Fischer Collection became the last refugee collection of German Expressionism to enter a U.S. museum when it was acquired by VMFA through a gift-purchase agreement with Ernst's widow, Anne Fischer.","Source: German Expressionist Work is Reunited with Ludwig and Rosy Fischer Collection at VMFA"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was artificially created by the VMFA Archives in February 2016.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["The collection was artificially created by the VMFA Archives in February 2016."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords of the Fischer Collection (RG-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Records of the Fischer Collection (RG-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection's inclusive dates are 1967-2013, with the bulk of the material dating from 1985-1987. The collection is comprised of correspondence, memorandums, clippings, publicity, copies of photographs and slides and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection's inclusive dates are 1967-2013, with the bulk of the material dating from 1985-1987. The collection is comprised of correspondence, memorandums, clippings, publicity, copies of photographs and slides and other ephemeral material."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_3fcdd74e19500ea00c5eb753331241f6\"\u003eThe collection was artifically created in order to bring together records about the Fischer collection residing in multiple collections in the VMFA Archives, as well as in the museum's records at the Library of Virginia. As such, the collection is entirely comprised of photocopies of records from the 1960s to the 2010s. To date, the museum has not located a collection of contemporaneous Fischer family records within its collections.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection was artifically created in order to bring together records about the Fischer collection residing in multiple collections in the VMFA Archives, as well as in the museum's records at the Library of Virginia. As such, the collection is entirely comprised of photocopies of records from the 1960s to the 2010s. To date, the museum has not located a collection of contemporaneous Fischer family records within its collections."],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Fischer, Rosy, 1869-1926","Fischer, Ludwig, 1860-1922","Fischer, Anne, 1902-2008","Fischer, Ernst, 1896-","Simon, Hermann, 1900-1990"],"persname_ssim":["Fischer, Rosy, 1869-1926","Fischer, Ludwig, 1860-1922","Fischer, Anne, 1902-2008","Fischer, Ernst, 1896-","Simon, Hermann, 1900-1990"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Fischer, Rosy, 1869-1926","Fischer, Ludwig, 1860-1922","Fischer, Anne, 1902-2008","Fischer, Ernst, 1896-","Simon, Hermann, 1900-1990"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"total_component_count_is":41,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:40:24.249Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_265","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_265","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_265","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_265","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMFA/repositories_2_resources_265.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.vmfa.museum/repositories/2/resources/265","title_filing_ssi":"Fischer Collection (RG-31)","title_ssm":["Records of the Fischer Collection (RG-31)"],"title_tesim":["Records of the Fischer Collection (RG-31)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1967-2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1967-2013"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1967/2013"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Records of the Fischer Collection (RG-31), 1967/2013"],"text":["Records of the Fischer Collection (RG-31), 1967/2013","RG-31","/repositories/2/resources/265","Art, German -- 20th century","Expressionism (Art) -- Germany","Art -- Private collections -- Germany","Art -- Private collections -- Virginia -- Richmond","Prints -- Private collections -- Virginia -- Richmond","The collection is open for research.","The collection is organized into seven series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series.","Series 1\n        History Files, 1986-2013\n      \n      \n        Series 2\n        Director's Files, 1984-2004\n      \n      \n        Series 3\n        Collections Files, 1985-1998, undated\n      \n      \n        Series 4\n        Registration Files, 1987-1989\n      \n      \n        Series 5\n        Marketing and Communications, 1995\n      \n      \n        Series 6\n        Collectors' Circle Files, 1987\n      \n      \n        Series 7\n        Exhibition Files, 1967-1987, undated","These titles belonged to Ludwig and Rosy Fischer, and were donated to the museum in December 1995 by Anne Fischer.","J. B. Neumanns Bilderhefte, 19--?","Max Liebermann: Mit einem Porträt nach einer Photographischen Aufnahme und Vierzig Tafeln mit 100 Abbildungen nach Gemälden, Zeichnungen und Radierungen, 1906?","Hans von Marées: Sein Leben und Sein Werk, 1909","Fritz Boehle, 1909","Noa Noa, 1912","Auguste Rodin die Kunst: Gespräche des Meisters, 1913","Handbuch der Kunstgeschichte, 1915","Hiob: Ein Drama, 1917","Genius: Zeitschrift für Werdende und Alte Kunst, 1919-1921","Archipenko-Album, 1921","Das Egon Schiele Buch, 1921","Neben der Heerstrasse, 1923","Umbra Vitae: Nachgelassene Gedichte, 1924","Dei Graphik Ernst Ludwig Kirchners bis 1924, 1924-1926","Kirchner-Zeichnungen: 100 Tafeln und Zahlreiche Holzschnitte im Text, 1925","Kommende Baukunst, 1926","Das Werk Ernst Ludwig Kirchners, 1926","E.L. Kirchner: German Expressionist: A Loan Exhibition, 1958","German Expressionism, Die Brücke: Paintings, Prints and Watercolors from the Collection of Dr. and Mrs. Ernst Fischer: University of Virginia Art Museum, 1978","Conrad Felixmüller, 1897-1977: Prints and Drawings from the Collection of Dr. Ernst and Anne Fischer, 1979","The Passionate Collectors: Ludwig and Rosi Fischer and German Expressionism: Essays, 1985","German Expressionist Art: The Ludwig and Rosy Fischer Collection, 1987","Expressionismus und Exil: Die Sammlung Ludwig und Rosy Fischer, Frankfurt am Main, 1990","German Expressionist Art: Selections From The Ludwig And Rosy Fischer Collection, 1987","German Expressionist Art: Selections from the Fischer Collection, 2010","VMFA Donors: Fischer Family","VMFA Collections: Special Collections: Fischer, Ludwig and Rosy: German Expressionist Art","Fischer Family Papers, 1900s-2009 (Record Group 23)","Guide to the Papers of Anne Fischer, 1884-1982 (Coll. No. AR 10519/MF 992)","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Exhibition Files, 1986-1987 (Coll. No. 34679)","Ludwig and Rosy Fischer acquired examples of German Expressionism between 1905 and 1925 and their collection included works by artists who were key figures in the Die Brücke movement: Max Beckmann, Peter August Böckstiegel, Otto Dix, Conrad Felixmüeller, Erich Heckel, Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, and Emil Nolde. Die Brücke (\"the Bridge\") was a pivotal movement within German Expressionism, comprised of artists who responded subjectively to the changing world around them. Their style was defined by vivid colors, strong lines, and distorted forms—characteristics that have come to symbolize German Expressionism as a whole.","The Fischer's collection was divided evenly between their sons, and after Ernst and his wife, Anne, left Germany and settled in Richmond, Virginia, their half of the collection was preserved for more than 70 years in their home. In 2009, the Fischer Collection became the last refugee collection of German Expressionism to enter a U.S. museum when it was acquired by VMFA through a gift-purchase agreement with Ernst's widow, Anne Fischer.","Source: German Expressionist Work is Reunited with Ludwig and Rosy Fischer Collection at VMFA","The collection was artificially created by the VMFA Archives in February 2016.","The collection's inclusive dates are 1967-2013, with the bulk of the material dating from 1985-1987. The collection is comprised of correspondence, memorandums, clippings, publicity, copies of photographs and slides and other ephemeral material.","The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.","The collection was artifically created in order to bring together records about the Fischer collection residing in multiple collections in the VMFA Archives, as well as in the museum's records at the Library of Virginia. As such, the collection is entirely comprised of photocopies of records from the 1960s to the 2010s. To date, the museum has not located a collection of contemporaneous Fischer family records within its collections.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Fischer, Rosy, 1869-1926","Fischer, Ludwig, 1860-1922","Fischer, Anne, 1902-2008","Fischer, Ernst, 1896-","Simon, Hermann, 1900-1990","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Records of the Fischer Collection (RG-31), 1967/2013"],"collection_ssim":["Records of the Fischer Collection (RG-31), 1967/2013"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG-31","/repositories/2/resources/265"],"unitid_tesim":["RG-31","/repositories/2/resources/265"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"creator_ssm":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"creator_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Fischer, Rosy, 1869-1926","Fischer, Ludwig, 1860-1922","Fischer, Anne, 1902-2008","Fischer, Ernst, 1896-","Simon, Hermann, 1900-1990"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"creators_ssim":["Fischer, Rosy, 1869-1926","Fischer, Ludwig, 1860-1922","Fischer, Anne, 1902-2008","Fischer, Ernst, 1896-","Simon, Hermann, 1900-1990","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"access_terms_ssm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Art, German -- 20th century","Expressionism (Art) -- Germany","Art -- Private collections -- Germany","Art -- Private collections -- Virginia -- Richmond","Prints -- Private collections -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Art, German -- 20th century","Expressionism (Art) -- Germany","Art -- Private collections -- Germany","Art -- Private collections -- Virginia -- Richmond","Prints -- Private collections -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.25 Linear Feet 1 box; 34 files"],"extent_tesim":["1.25 Linear Feet 1 box; 34 files"],"date_range_isim":[1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into seven series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 1\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eHistory Files, 1986-2013\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 2\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDirector's Files, 1984-2004\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 3\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eCollections Files, 1985-1998, undated\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 4\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRegistration Files, 1987-1989\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 5\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMarketing and Communications, 1995\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 6\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eCollectors' Circle Files, 1987\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 7\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eExhibition Files, 1967-1987, undated\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into seven series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series.","Series 1\n        History Files, 1986-2013\n      \n      \n        Series 2\n        Director's Files, 1984-2004\n      \n      \n        Series 3\n        Collections Files, 1985-1998, undated\n      \n      \n        Series 4\n        Registration Files, 1987-1989\n      \n      \n        Series 5\n        Marketing and Communications, 1995\n      \n      \n        Series 6\n        Collectors' Circle Files, 1987\n      \n      \n        Series 7\n        Exhibition Files, 1967-1987, undated"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThese titles belonged to Ludwig and Rosy Fischer, and were donated to the museum in December 1995 by Anne Fischer.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003cbibref\u003eJ. B. Neumanns Bilderhefte, 19--?\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eMax Liebermann: Mit einem Porträt nach einer Photographischen Aufnahme und Vierzig Tafeln mit 100 Abbildungen nach Gemälden, Zeichnungen und Radierungen, 1906?\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eHans von Marées: Sein Leben und Sein Werk, 1909\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eFritz Boehle, 1909\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eNoa Noa, 1912\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eAuguste Rodin die Kunst: Gespräche des Meisters, 1913\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eHandbuch der Kunstgeschichte, 1915\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eHiob: Ein Drama, 1917\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eGenius: Zeitschrift für Werdende und Alte Kunst, 1919-1921\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eArchipenko-Album, 1921\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eDas Egon Schiele Buch, 1921\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eNeben der Heerstrasse, 1923\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eUmbra Vitae: Nachgelassene Gedichte, 1924\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eDei Graphik Ernst Ludwig Kirchners bis 1924, 1924-1926 \u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eKirchner-Zeichnungen: 100 Tafeln und Zahlreiche Holzschnitte im Text, 1925\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eKommende Baukunst, 1926\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eDas Werk Ernst Ludwig Kirchners, 1926\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  ","\u003cbibref\u003eE.L. Kirchner: German Expressionist: A Loan Exhibition, 1958\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eGerman Expressionism, Die Brücke: Paintings, Prints and Watercolors from the Collection of Dr. and Mrs. Ernst Fischer: University of Virginia Art Museum, 1978\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eConrad Felixmüller, 1897-1977: Prints and Drawings from the Collection of Dr. Ernst and Anne Fischer, 1979\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eThe Passionate Collectors: Ludwig and Rosi Fischer and German Expressionism: Essays, 1985\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eGerman Expressionist Art: The Ludwig and Rosy Fischer Collection, 1987\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eExpressionismus und Exil: Die Sammlung Ludwig und Rosy Fischer, Frankfurt am Main, 1990\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  ","\u003cbibref\u003eGerman Expressionist Art: Selections From The Ludwig And Rosy Fischer Collection, 1987\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eGerman Expressionist Art: Selections from the Fischer Collection, 2010\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  ","\u003cbibref\u003eVMFA Donors: Fischer Family\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eVMFA Collections: Special Collections: Fischer, Ludwig and Rosy: German Expressionist Art\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  ","\u003cbibref\u003eFischer Family Papers, 1900s-2009 (Record Group 23)\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  ","\u003cbibref\u003eGuide to the Papers of Anne Fischer, 1884-1982 (Coll. No. AR 10519/MF 992) \u003c/bibref\u003e\n  ","\u003cbibref\u003eVirginia Museum of Fine Arts Exhibition Files, 1986-1987 (Coll. No. 34679)\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Related Materials: VMFA Library - Rare Books","Related Materials: VMFA Library - Catalogs","Related Materials: VMFA Library - Exhibition Files","Related Materials: VMFA Library - Subject Files","Related Materials: Virginia Holocaust Museum","Related Materials: Leo Baeck Institute","Related Materials: Library of Virginia"],"bibliography_tesim":["These titles belonged to Ludwig and Rosy Fischer, and were donated to the museum in December 1995 by Anne Fischer.","J. B. Neumanns Bilderhefte, 19--?","Max Liebermann: Mit einem Porträt nach einer Photographischen Aufnahme und Vierzig Tafeln mit 100 Abbildungen nach Gemälden, Zeichnungen und Radierungen, 1906?","Hans von Marées: Sein Leben und Sein Werk, 1909","Fritz Boehle, 1909","Noa Noa, 1912","Auguste Rodin die Kunst: Gespräche des Meisters, 1913","Handbuch der Kunstgeschichte, 1915","Hiob: Ein Drama, 1917","Genius: Zeitschrift für Werdende und Alte Kunst, 1919-1921","Archipenko-Album, 1921","Das Egon Schiele Buch, 1921","Neben der Heerstrasse, 1923","Umbra Vitae: Nachgelassene Gedichte, 1924","Dei Graphik Ernst Ludwig Kirchners bis 1924, 1924-1926","Kirchner-Zeichnungen: 100 Tafeln und Zahlreiche Holzschnitte im Text, 1925","Kommende Baukunst, 1926","Das Werk Ernst Ludwig Kirchners, 1926","E.L. Kirchner: German Expressionist: A Loan Exhibition, 1958","German Expressionism, Die Brücke: Paintings, Prints and Watercolors from the Collection of Dr. and Mrs. Ernst Fischer: University of Virginia Art Museum, 1978","Conrad Felixmüller, 1897-1977: Prints and Drawings from the Collection of Dr. Ernst and Anne Fischer, 1979","The Passionate Collectors: Ludwig and Rosi Fischer and German Expressionism: Essays, 1985","German Expressionist Art: The Ludwig and Rosy Fischer Collection, 1987","Expressionismus und Exil: Die Sammlung Ludwig und Rosy Fischer, Frankfurt am Main, 1990","German Expressionist Art: Selections From The Ludwig And Rosy Fischer Collection, 1987","German Expressionist Art: Selections from the Fischer Collection, 2010","VMFA Donors: Fischer Family","VMFA Collections: Special Collections: Fischer, Ludwig and Rosy: German Expressionist Art","Fischer Family Papers, 1900s-2009 (Record Group 23)","Guide to the Papers of Anne Fischer, 1884-1982 (Coll. No. AR 10519/MF 992)","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Exhibition Files, 1986-1987 (Coll. No. 34679)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLudwig and Rosy Fischer acquired examples of German Expressionism between 1905 and 1925 and their collection included works by artists who were key figures in the Die Brücke movement: Max Beckmann, Peter August Böckstiegel, Otto Dix, Conrad Felixmüeller, Erich Heckel, Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, and Emil Nolde. Die Brücke (\"the Bridge\") was a pivotal movement within German Expressionism, comprised of artists who responded subjectively to the changing world around them. Their style was defined by vivid colors, strong lines, and distorted forms—characteristics that have come to symbolize German Expressionism as a whole.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Fischer's collection was divided evenly between their sons, and after Ernst and his wife, Anne, left Germany and settled in Richmond, Virginia, their half of the collection was preserved for more than 70 years in their home. In 2009, the Fischer Collection became the last refugee collection of German Expressionism to enter a U.S. museum when it was acquired by VMFA through a gift-purchase agreement with Ernst's widow, Anne Fischer. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSource: \u003ca href=\"https://www.vmfa.museum/pressroom/news/german-expressionist-work-is-reunited-with-ludwig-and-rosy-fischer-collection-at-vmfa/\"\u003eGerman Expressionist Work is Reunited with Ludwig and Rosy Fischer Collection at VMFA\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Ludwig and Rosy Fischer acquired examples of German Expressionism between 1905 and 1925 and their collection included works by artists who were key figures in the Die Brücke movement: Max Beckmann, Peter August Böckstiegel, Otto Dix, Conrad Felixmüeller, Erich Heckel, Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, and Emil Nolde. Die Brücke (\"the Bridge\") was a pivotal movement within German Expressionism, comprised of artists who responded subjectively to the changing world around them. Their style was defined by vivid colors, strong lines, and distorted forms—characteristics that have come to symbolize German Expressionism as a whole.","The Fischer's collection was divided evenly between their sons, and after Ernst and his wife, Anne, left Germany and settled in Richmond, Virginia, their half of the collection was preserved for more than 70 years in their home. In 2009, the Fischer Collection became the last refugee collection of German Expressionism to enter a U.S. museum when it was acquired by VMFA through a gift-purchase agreement with Ernst's widow, Anne Fischer.","Source: German Expressionist Work is Reunited with Ludwig and Rosy Fischer Collection at VMFA"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was artificially created by the VMFA Archives in February 2016.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["The collection was artificially created by the VMFA Archives in February 2016."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords of the Fischer Collection (RG-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Records of the Fischer Collection (RG-31). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection's inclusive dates are 1967-2013, with the bulk of the material dating from 1985-1987. The collection is comprised of correspondence, memorandums, clippings, publicity, copies of photographs and slides and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection's inclusive dates are 1967-2013, with the bulk of the material dating from 1985-1987. The collection is comprised of correspondence, memorandums, clippings, publicity, copies of photographs and slides and other ephemeral material."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_3fcdd74e19500ea00c5eb753331241f6\"\u003eThe collection was artifically created in order to bring together records about the Fischer collection residing in multiple collections in the VMFA Archives, as well as in the museum's records at the Library of Virginia. As such, the collection is entirely comprised of photocopies of records from the 1960s to the 2010s. To date, the museum has not located a collection of contemporaneous Fischer family records within its collections.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection was artifically created in order to bring together records about the Fischer collection residing in multiple collections in the VMFA Archives, as well as in the museum's records at the Library of Virginia. As such, the collection is entirely comprised of photocopies of records from the 1960s to the 2010s. To date, the museum has not located a collection of contemporaneous Fischer family records within its collections."],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Fischer, Rosy, 1869-1926","Fischer, Ludwig, 1860-1922","Fischer, Anne, 1902-2008","Fischer, Ernst, 1896-","Simon, Hermann, 1900-1990"],"persname_ssim":["Fischer, Rosy, 1869-1926","Fischer, Ludwig, 1860-1922","Fischer, Anne, 1902-2008","Fischer, Ernst, 1896-","Simon, Hermann, 1900-1990"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Fischer, Rosy, 1869-1926","Fischer, Ludwig, 1860-1922","Fischer, Anne, 1902-2008","Fischer, Ernst, 1896-","Simon, Hermann, 1900-1990"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"total_component_count_is":41,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:40:24.249Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_265"}},{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_57_c01_c79","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Russian Art, 1944","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_57_c01_c79#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_57_c01_c79","ref_ssm":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_57_c01_c79"],"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_57_c01_c79","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_57","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_57","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_57_c01","parent_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_57_c01","parent_ssim":["Catalogs (PB-01), 1936/2020","Series 1: Exhibition Catalogs, 1936/2020"],"parent_ids_ssim":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_57","virmu_repositories_2_resources_57_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Russian Art","title_ssm":["Russian Art"],"title_tesim":["Russian Art"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Russian Art, 1944"],"text":["Russian Art, 1944","Catalogs (PB-01), 1936/2020","Series 1: Exhibition Catalogs, 1936/2020","Paper","Shelf Publications Archive","Item RG23.06.1944.015","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Richmond (Va.)","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. Exhibitions","Art, Russian. Exhibitions","Icons, Russian. Exhibitions","Schaffer, Alexander S. Art collections. Exhibitions","Brinton, Christian, 1870-1942. Art collections. 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Exhibitions","Art, Russian. Exhibitions","Icons, Russian. Exhibitions","Schaffer, Alexander S. Art collections. Exhibitions","Brinton, Christian, 1870-1942. Art collections. Exhibitions"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. Exhibitions","Art, Russian. Exhibitions","Icons, Russian. Exhibitions","Schaffer, Alexander S. Art collections. Exhibitions","Brinton, Christian, 1870-1942. Art collections. Exhibitions"],"language_ssim":["English"],"date_range_isim":[1944],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCatalog Collection (PB-01). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_heading_ssm":["Preferred Citation"],"prefercite_tesim":["Catalog Collection (PB-01). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["No Copyright - United States: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#78","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:42:01.770Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_57","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_57","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_57","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_57","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMFA/repositories_2_resources_57.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.vmfa.museum/repositories/2/resources/57","title_filing_ssi":"Catalogs (PB-01)","title_ssm":["Catalogs (PB-01)"],"title_tesim":["Catalogs (PB-01)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1936-2020"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1936-2020"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1936/2020"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Catalogs (PB-01), 1936/2020"],"text":["Catalogs (PB-01), 1936/2020","PB-01","/repositories/2/resources/57","Art -- Virginia -- Richmond -- History","The collection is open for research.","The collection is organized into two series, and items are  arranged chronologically within each series.","Series 1\n        Exhibition Catalogs, 1936-2017\n      \n      \n        Series 2\n        Other Catalogs, 1938-2018","Copies of most catalogs are also available in the main Library collection or in the exhibition vertical files.","The collection was transferred from the Library. Accretions are added regularly when new materials are published.","The archives strives to retain a minimum of 5 copies of VMFA produced catalogs, 3 copies of catalogs produced outside the museum, and 1 copy of foreign language versions of catalogs. In many cases, additional copies are located in the main Library collection or in the exhibition vertical files.","The collection's inclusive dates are 1936-2020. The collection is comprised of published catalogs, and accretions are made continually as new materials are published or copies of older catalogs are discovered.","The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.","The collection is part of the Publications Archive, and is comprised of archival copies of all catalogs published by the museum, as well as catalogs for exhibitions that were shown at the museum, but produced by other institutions. Other catalogs highlight particular aspects of the museum's permanent collection.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts -- Exhibitions","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts -- Catalogs","M. 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Accretions are added regularly when new materials are published.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["The collection was transferred from the Library. Accretions are added regularly when new materials are published."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCatalog Collection (PB-01). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Catalog Collection (PB-01). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe archives strives to retain a minimum of 5 copies of VMFA produced catalogs, 3 copies of catalogs produced outside the museum, and 1 copy of foreign language versions of catalogs. 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