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He argues that the South should wait until Lincoln or the Republicans commit an overt act against the region so that the South could justify such a rash act. Moore writes favorably about Lincoln and the Republican party saying that their positions on issues such as slavery have been misrepresented by the leaders of the Democratic Party. He proceeds to share his negativie opinions of the Democratic Party blaming its leadership for the ill feelings between North and South.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Democratic Party.","Republican Party.","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865.","Moore, J.S.","Moore, Dr. Thomas"],"corpname_ssim":["Democratic Party.","Republican Party."],"persname_ssim":["Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865.","Moore, J.S.","Moore, Dr. Thomas"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T08:57:04.456Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi01579"}},{"id":"vi_vi02905","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Rockbridge County (Va.) Chancery Causes, \n1781-1958 (bulk 1858-1912)","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02905#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02905#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1781-1958, consists of cases concerning issues of equity brought largely by residents of the county and filed in the circuit court. These cases often involve the following actions: divisions of estates or land, disputes over wills, disputes regarding contracts, debt, divorce, and business disputes. Other less prevalent issues include freedom suits, permissions to sell property, and disputes concerning trespass. Predominant documents found in these chancery causes include bills (documents the plaintiff's complaint), answers (defendant's response to the plaintiff's complaint), decrees (court's decision), depositions, affidavits, correspondence, lists of heirs, deeds, plats, wills, records involving enslaved individuals, business records or vital statistics. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02905#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi02905","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02905","_root_":"vi_vi02905","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02905","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02905.xml","title_ssm":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Chancery Causes, \n1781-1958 (bulk 1858-1912)"],"title_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Chancery Causes, \n1781-1958 (bulk 1858-1912)"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Chancery Causes, \n1781-1958 (bulk 1858-1912)"],"text":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Chancery Causes, \n1781-1958 (bulk 1858-1912)","Digital images; 0.45 cubic feet (1 box)"," Chancery Causes, 1781-1931 digital images can be found on the  Chancery Records Index  available electronically at the website of the Library of Virginia.\n","Chancery Causes 1932-1958 indexed but not digitized. Indexed information can be found on the  Chancery Records Index"," Organized by case, of which each is assigned a unique index number comprised of the latest year found in case and a sequentially increasing 3-digit number assigned by the processor as cases for that year are found. Arranged chronologically. \n","Context of Record type:   Chancery Causes are cases of equity. According to Black's Law Dictionary they are \"administered according to fairness as contrasted with the strictly formulated rules of common law.\" A judge, not a jury, determines the outcome of the case; however, the judge is basing the decision on findings compiled and documented by Commissioners. Chancery causes are useful when researching local history, genealogical information, and land or estate divisions. They are a valuable source of local, state, social, and legal history and serve as a primary source for understanding a locality's history. Chancery causes document the lived experiences of free and enslaved individuals; women; children; people living with physical disabilities or mental health struggles; people living in poverty; defunct institutions and corporate entities; or those that may not have otherwise left traditional written histories. \n","Locality History:   Rockbridge County was named for Natural Bridge, an exceptional rock formation located in the county. The county was formed from Augusta and Botetourt Counties in 1778, and another part of Botetourt was added in 1888. The county seat is the city of Lexington.\n","Original Records were transferred to the Library of Virginia in 2001 under accession 38891. Records were later returned to the locality in 2008 by request of the clerk of the Rockbridge County Circuit Court.\n","Rockbridge County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1781-1958 are retained in the locality. Contact the clerk of the Circuit Court for access.\n"," The majority of these records were processed in 2003. At this time, there are no plans to digitize the Chancery Causes, 1932-1958. ","Encoded by G. Crawford: 2009; Updated by E. Swain: January 2025.","Additional Rockbridge County Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia.  Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Rockbridge County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1781-1958, consists of cases concerning issues of equity brought largely by residents of the county and filed in the circuit court. These cases often involve the following actions: divisions of estates or land, disputes over wills, disputes regarding contracts, debt, divorce, and business disputes. Other less prevalent issues include freedom suits, permissions to sell property, and disputes concerning trespass. Predominant documents found in these chancery causes include bills (documents the plaintiff's complaint), answers (defendant's response to the plaintiff's complaint), decrees (court's decision), depositions, affidavits, correspondence, lists of heirs, deeds, plats, wills, records involving enslaved individuals, business records or vital statistics. \n","This collection also contains one box of \"Orphan Chancery.\" These records contain parts, often single items, of chancery causes which could not be further identified as belonging to a certain case. This box is currently held at the Library of Virginia and has not been digitally scanned nor been indexed. ","Martha Porter wanted the people she enslaved to be removed to Ohio following her death. The executor of her estate, Alexander Davis, was either unable or unwilling to carry out her request. Daniel was not therefore not emancipated. Daniel initiated a suit on the law side of the court (referring to himself as Daniel Porter) against Davis and won his freedom. See  Virginia Untold  for freedom suit.\n ","A dispute between two sects of the Presbyterian church that met in the same building, Timber Ridge Presbyterian Church, built in 1756, making it the oldest Presbyterian church in Rockbridge County. The plaintiffs were members of the Associate Reformed Church, a sect of the Presbyterian church. They were also referred to as Seceders. The defendants were members of the \"established\" Presbyterian Church. Both sides presented their version of the history of the Presbyterian church going back to 1733. The established Presbyterians asserted that the ARC sect was not Presbyterian. Both sides presented their version of the founding of the Timber Ridge church in 1759 and how the ARC congregation attained use of the Timber Ridge church in 1814. Both sides presented their version of renovating Timber Ridge church (discussion of tearing down Timber Ridge) and building nearby Fairfield church.\n ","The cause concerns the settlement of the estate of Hugh Adams and his wish for the emancipation of the people he enslaved, his estate sold, and the proceeds used to transport those emancipated to relocate to Liberia. Other smaller bequests in his will were for various family members. The majority of the suit is composed of estate accounts as the executor tried to settle the estate and encountered various difficulties in his attempt to carry out the intent of Adams' will. A letter to Adams from an individual Adams formerly enslaved, while living in Liberia used as an exhibit.\n ","There are no restrictions.\n","English\n"],"collection_title_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Chancery Causes, \n1781-1958 (bulk 1858-1912)"],"collection_ssim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Chancery Causes, \n1781-1958 (bulk 1858-1912)"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Digital images were generated by Crowley Micrographics in 2007 through the Library of Virginia's Circuit Court Records Preservation Program.  "],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["Digital images; 0.45 cubic feet (1 box)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e Chancery Causes, 1781-1931 digital images can be found on the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/chancery/\"\u003eChancery Records Index\u003c/extref\u003e available electronically at the website of the Library of Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChancery Causes 1932-1958 indexed but not digitized. Indexed information can be found on the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/chancery/\"\u003eChancery Records Index\u003c/extref\u003e \u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":[" Chancery Causes, 1781-1931 digital images can be found on the  Chancery Records Index  available electronically at the website of the Library of Virginia.\n","Chancery Causes 1932-1958 indexed but not digitized. Indexed information can be found on the  Chancery Records Index"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e Organized by case, of which each is assigned a unique index number comprised of the latest year found in case and a sequentially increasing 3-digit number assigned by the processor as cases for that year are found. Arranged chronologically. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":[" Organized by case, of which each is assigned a unique index number comprised of the latest year found in case and a sequentially increasing 3-digit number assigned by the processor as cases for that year are found. Arranged chronologically. \n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e \u003ctitle render=\"bold\"\u003eContext of Record type:\u003c/title\u003e  Chancery Causes are cases of equity. According to Black's Law Dictionary they are \"administered according to fairness as contrasted with the strictly formulated rules of common law.\" A judge, not a jury, determines the outcome of the case; however, the judge is basing the decision on findings compiled and documented by Commissioners. Chancery causes are useful when researching local history, genealogical information, and land or estate divisions. They are a valuable source of local, state, social, and legal history and serve as a primary source for understanding a locality's history. Chancery causes document the lived experiences of free and enslaved individuals; women; children; people living with physical disabilities or mental health struggles; people living in poverty; defunct institutions and corporate entities; or those that may not have otherwise left traditional written histories. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e \u003ctitle render=\"bold\"\u003eLocality History:\u003c/title\u003e  Rockbridge County was named for Natural Bridge, an exceptional rock formation located in the county. The county was formed from Augusta and Botetourt Counties in 1778, and another part of Botetourt was added in 1888. The county seat is the city of Lexington.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Context of Record type:   Chancery Causes are cases of equity. According to Black's Law Dictionary they are \"administered according to fairness as contrasted with the strictly formulated rules of common law.\" A judge, not a jury, determines the outcome of the case; however, the judge is basing the decision on findings compiled and documented by Commissioners. Chancery causes are useful when researching local history, genealogical information, and land or estate divisions. They are a valuable source of local, state, social, and legal history and serve as a primary source for understanding a locality's history. Chancery causes document the lived experiences of free and enslaved individuals; women; children; people living with physical disabilities or mental health struggles; people living in poverty; defunct institutions and corporate entities; or those that may not have otherwise left traditional written histories. \n","Locality History:   Rockbridge County was named for Natural Bridge, an exceptional rock formation located in the county. The county was formed from Augusta and Botetourt Counties in 1778, and another part of Botetourt was added in 1888. The county seat is the city of Lexington.\n"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOriginal Records were transferred to the Library of Virginia in 2001 under accession 38891. Records were later returned to the locality in 2008 by request of the clerk of the Rockbridge County Circuit Court.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History\n"],"custodhist_tesim":["Original Records were transferred to the Library of Virginia in 2001 under accession 38891. Records were later returned to the locality in 2008 by request of the clerk of the Rockbridge County Circuit Court.\n"],"originalsloc_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1781-1958 are retained in the locality. Contact the clerk of the Circuit Court for access.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"originalsloc_heading_ssm":["Location of Originals\n"],"originalsloc_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1781-1958 are retained in the locality. Contact the clerk of the Circuit Court for access.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e Rockbridge County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1781-1958. (Cite style of suit [and chancery index no. if available]). Local government records collection, Rockbridge County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia, 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":[" Rockbridge County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1781-1958. (Cite style of suit [and chancery index no. if available]). Local government records collection, Rockbridge County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia, 23219.\n"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e The majority of these records were processed in 2003. At this time, there are no plans to digitize the Chancery Causes, 1932-1958. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncoded by G. Crawford: 2009; Updated by E. Swain: January 2025.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information \n"],"processinfo_tesim":[" The majority of these records were processed in 2003. At this time, there are no plans to digitize the Chancery Causes, 1932-1958. ","Encoded by G. Crawford: 2009; Updated by E. Swain: January 2025."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Rockbridge County Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia.  Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA249\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Rockbridge County Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia.  Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1781-1958, consists of cases concerning issues of equity brought largely by residents of the county and filed in the circuit court. These cases often involve the following actions: divisions of estates or land, disputes over wills, disputes regarding contracts, debt, divorce, and business disputes. Other less prevalent issues include freedom suits, permissions to sell property, and disputes concerning trespass. Predominant documents found in these chancery causes include bills (documents the plaintiff's complaint), answers (defendant's response to the plaintiff's complaint), decrees (court's decision), depositions, affidavits, correspondence, lists of heirs, deeds, plats, wills, records involving enslaved individuals, business records or vital statistics. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection also contains one box of \"Orphan Chancery.\" These records contain parts, often single items, of chancery causes which could not be further identified as belonging to a certain case. This box is currently held at the Library of Virginia and has not been digitally scanned nor been indexed. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartha Porter wanted the people she enslaved to be removed to Ohio following her death. The executor of her estate, Alexander Davis, was either unable or unwilling to carry out her request. Daniel was not therefore not emancipated. Daniel initiated a suit on the law side of the court (referring to himself as Daniel Porter) against Davis and won his freedom. See \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/aan/search-the-narrative\"\u003eVirginia Untold\u003c/extref\u003e for freedom suit.\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA dispute between two sects of the Presbyterian church that met in the same building, Timber Ridge Presbyterian Church, built in 1756, making it the oldest Presbyterian church in Rockbridge County. The plaintiffs were members of the Associate Reformed Church, a sect of the Presbyterian church. They were also referred to as Seceders. The defendants were members of the \"established\" Presbyterian Church. Both sides presented their version of the history of the Presbyterian church going back to 1733. The established Presbyterians asserted that the ARC sect was not Presbyterian. Both sides presented their version of the founding of the Timber Ridge church in 1759 and how the ARC congregation attained use of the Timber Ridge church in 1814. Both sides presented their version of renovating Timber Ridge church (discussion of tearing down Timber Ridge) and building nearby Fairfield church.\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe cause concerns the settlement of the estate of Hugh Adams and his wish for the emancipation of the people he enslaved, his estate sold, and the proceeds used to transport those emancipated to relocate to Liberia. Other smaller bequests in his will were for various family members. The majority of the suit is composed of estate accounts as the executor tried to settle the estate and encountered various difficulties in his attempt to carry out the intent of Adams' will. A letter to Adams from an individual Adams formerly enslaved, while living in Liberia used as an exhibit.\n \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1781-1958, consists of cases concerning issues of equity brought largely by residents of the county and filed in the circuit court. These cases often involve the following actions: divisions of estates or land, disputes over wills, disputes regarding contracts, debt, divorce, and business disputes. Other less prevalent issues include freedom suits, permissions to sell property, and disputes concerning trespass. Predominant documents found in these chancery causes include bills (documents the plaintiff's complaint), answers (defendant's response to the plaintiff's complaint), decrees (court's decision), depositions, affidavits, correspondence, lists of heirs, deeds, plats, wills, records involving enslaved individuals, business records or vital statistics. \n","This collection also contains one box of \"Orphan Chancery.\" These records contain parts, often single items, of chancery causes which could not be further identified as belonging to a certain case. This box is currently held at the Library of Virginia and has not been digitally scanned nor been indexed. ","Martha Porter wanted the people she enslaved to be removed to Ohio following her death. The executor of her estate, Alexander Davis, was either unable or unwilling to carry out her request. Daniel was not therefore not emancipated. Daniel initiated a suit on the law side of the court (referring to himself as Daniel Porter) against Davis and won his freedom. See  Virginia Untold  for freedom suit.\n ","A dispute between two sects of the Presbyterian church that met in the same building, Timber Ridge Presbyterian Church, built in 1756, making it the oldest Presbyterian church in Rockbridge County. The plaintiffs were members of the Associate Reformed Church, a sect of the Presbyterian church. They were also referred to as Seceders. The defendants were members of the \"established\" Presbyterian Church. Both sides presented their version of the history of the Presbyterian church going back to 1733. The established Presbyterians asserted that the ARC sect was not Presbyterian. Both sides presented their version of the founding of the Timber Ridge church in 1759 and how the ARC congregation attained use of the Timber Ridge church in 1814. Both sides presented their version of renovating Timber Ridge church (discussion of tearing down Timber Ridge) and building nearby Fairfield church.\n ","The cause concerns the settlement of the estate of Hugh Adams and his wish for the emancipation of the people he enslaved, his estate sold, and the proceeds used to transport those emancipated to relocate to Liberia. Other smaller bequests in his will were for various family members. The majority of the suit is composed of estate accounts as the executor tried to settle the estate and encountered various difficulties in his attempt to carry out the intent of Adams' will. A letter to Adams from an individual Adams formerly enslaved, while living in Liberia used as an exhibit.\n "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":3,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:49:36.725Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi02905","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02905","_root_":"vi_vi02905","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02905","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02905.xml","title_ssm":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Chancery Causes, \n1781-1958 (bulk 1858-1912)"],"title_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Chancery Causes, \n1781-1958 (bulk 1858-1912)"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Chancery Causes, \n1781-1958 (bulk 1858-1912)"],"text":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Chancery Causes, \n1781-1958 (bulk 1858-1912)","Digital images; 0.45 cubic feet (1 box)"," Chancery Causes, 1781-1931 digital images can be found on the  Chancery Records Index  available electronically at the website of the Library of Virginia.\n","Chancery Causes 1932-1958 indexed but not digitized. Indexed information can be found on the  Chancery Records Index"," Organized by case, of which each is assigned a unique index number comprised of the latest year found in case and a sequentially increasing 3-digit number assigned by the processor as cases for that year are found. Arranged chronologically. \n","Context of Record type:   Chancery Causes are cases of equity. According to Black's Law Dictionary they are \"administered according to fairness as contrasted with the strictly formulated rules of common law.\" A judge, not a jury, determines the outcome of the case; however, the judge is basing the decision on findings compiled and documented by Commissioners. Chancery causes are useful when researching local history, genealogical information, and land or estate divisions. They are a valuable source of local, state, social, and legal history and serve as a primary source for understanding a locality's history. Chancery causes document the lived experiences of free and enslaved individuals; women; children; people living with physical disabilities or mental health struggles; people living in poverty; defunct institutions and corporate entities; or those that may not have otherwise left traditional written histories. \n","Locality History:   Rockbridge County was named for Natural Bridge, an exceptional rock formation located in the county. The county was formed from Augusta and Botetourt Counties in 1778, and another part of Botetourt was added in 1888. The county seat is the city of Lexington.\n","Original Records were transferred to the Library of Virginia in 2001 under accession 38891. Records were later returned to the locality in 2008 by request of the clerk of the Rockbridge County Circuit Court.\n","Rockbridge County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1781-1958 are retained in the locality. Contact the clerk of the Circuit Court for access.\n"," The majority of these records were processed in 2003. At this time, there are no plans to digitize the Chancery Causes, 1932-1958. ","Encoded by G. Crawford: 2009; Updated by E. Swain: January 2025.","Additional Rockbridge County Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia.  Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Rockbridge County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1781-1958, consists of cases concerning issues of equity brought largely by residents of the county and filed in the circuit court. These cases often involve the following actions: divisions of estates or land, disputes over wills, disputes regarding contracts, debt, divorce, and business disputes. Other less prevalent issues include freedom suits, permissions to sell property, and disputes concerning trespass. Predominant documents found in these chancery causes include bills (documents the plaintiff's complaint), answers (defendant's response to the plaintiff's complaint), decrees (court's decision), depositions, affidavits, correspondence, lists of heirs, deeds, plats, wills, records involving enslaved individuals, business records or vital statistics. \n","This collection also contains one box of \"Orphan Chancery.\" These records contain parts, often single items, of chancery causes which could not be further identified as belonging to a certain case. This box is currently held at the Library of Virginia and has not been digitally scanned nor been indexed. ","Martha Porter wanted the people she enslaved to be removed to Ohio following her death. The executor of her estate, Alexander Davis, was either unable or unwilling to carry out her request. Daniel was not therefore not emancipated. Daniel initiated a suit on the law side of the court (referring to himself as Daniel Porter) against Davis and won his freedom. See  Virginia Untold  for freedom suit.\n ","A dispute between two sects of the Presbyterian church that met in the same building, Timber Ridge Presbyterian Church, built in 1756, making it the oldest Presbyterian church in Rockbridge County. The plaintiffs were members of the Associate Reformed Church, a sect of the Presbyterian church. They were also referred to as Seceders. The defendants were members of the \"established\" Presbyterian Church. Both sides presented their version of the history of the Presbyterian church going back to 1733. The established Presbyterians asserted that the ARC sect was not Presbyterian. Both sides presented their version of the founding of the Timber Ridge church in 1759 and how the ARC congregation attained use of the Timber Ridge church in 1814. Both sides presented their version of renovating Timber Ridge church (discussion of tearing down Timber Ridge) and building nearby Fairfield church.\n ","The cause concerns the settlement of the estate of Hugh Adams and his wish for the emancipation of the people he enslaved, his estate sold, and the proceeds used to transport those emancipated to relocate to Liberia. Other smaller bequests in his will were for various family members. The majority of the suit is composed of estate accounts as the executor tried to settle the estate and encountered various difficulties in his attempt to carry out the intent of Adams' will. A letter to Adams from an individual Adams formerly enslaved, while living in Liberia used as an exhibit.\n ","There are no restrictions.\n","English\n"],"collection_title_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Chancery Causes, \n1781-1958 (bulk 1858-1912)"],"collection_ssim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Chancery Causes, \n1781-1958 (bulk 1858-1912)"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Digital images were generated by Crowley Micrographics in 2007 through the Library of Virginia's Circuit Court Records Preservation Program.  "],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["Digital images; 0.45 cubic feet (1 box)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e Chancery Causes, 1781-1931 digital images can be found on the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/chancery/\"\u003eChancery Records Index\u003c/extref\u003e available electronically at the website of the Library of Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChancery Causes 1932-1958 indexed but not digitized. Indexed information can be found on the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/chancery/\"\u003eChancery Records Index\u003c/extref\u003e \u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":[" Chancery Causes, 1781-1931 digital images can be found on the  Chancery Records Index  available electronically at the website of the Library of Virginia.\n","Chancery Causes 1932-1958 indexed but not digitized. Indexed information can be found on the  Chancery Records Index"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e Organized by case, of which each is assigned a unique index number comprised of the latest year found in case and a sequentially increasing 3-digit number assigned by the processor as cases for that year are found. Arranged chronologically. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":[" Organized by case, of which each is assigned a unique index number comprised of the latest year found in case and a sequentially increasing 3-digit number assigned by the processor as cases for that year are found. Arranged chronologically. \n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e \u003ctitle render=\"bold\"\u003eContext of Record type:\u003c/title\u003e  Chancery Causes are cases of equity. According to Black's Law Dictionary they are \"administered according to fairness as contrasted with the strictly formulated rules of common law.\" A judge, not a jury, determines the outcome of the case; however, the judge is basing the decision on findings compiled and documented by Commissioners. Chancery causes are useful when researching local history, genealogical information, and land or estate divisions. They are a valuable source of local, state, social, and legal history and serve as a primary source for understanding a locality's history. Chancery causes document the lived experiences of free and enslaved individuals; women; children; people living with physical disabilities or mental health struggles; people living in poverty; defunct institutions and corporate entities; or those that may not have otherwise left traditional written histories. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e \u003ctitle render=\"bold\"\u003eLocality History:\u003c/title\u003e  Rockbridge County was named for Natural Bridge, an exceptional rock formation located in the county. The county was formed from Augusta and Botetourt Counties in 1778, and another part of Botetourt was added in 1888. The county seat is the city of Lexington.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Context of Record type:   Chancery Causes are cases of equity. According to Black's Law Dictionary they are \"administered according to fairness as contrasted with the strictly formulated rules of common law.\" A judge, not a jury, determines the outcome of the case; however, the judge is basing the decision on findings compiled and documented by Commissioners. Chancery causes are useful when researching local history, genealogical information, and land or estate divisions. They are a valuable source of local, state, social, and legal history and serve as a primary source for understanding a locality's history. Chancery causes document the lived experiences of free and enslaved individuals; women; children; people living with physical disabilities or mental health struggles; people living in poverty; defunct institutions and corporate entities; or those that may not have otherwise left traditional written histories. \n","Locality History:   Rockbridge County was named for Natural Bridge, an exceptional rock formation located in the county. The county was formed from Augusta and Botetourt Counties in 1778, and another part of Botetourt was added in 1888. The county seat is the city of Lexington.\n"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOriginal Records were transferred to the Library of Virginia in 2001 under accession 38891. Records were later returned to the locality in 2008 by request of the clerk of the Rockbridge County Circuit Court.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History\n"],"custodhist_tesim":["Original Records were transferred to the Library of Virginia in 2001 under accession 38891. Records were later returned to the locality in 2008 by request of the clerk of the Rockbridge County Circuit Court.\n"],"originalsloc_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1781-1958 are retained in the locality. Contact the clerk of the Circuit Court for access.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"originalsloc_heading_ssm":["Location of Originals\n"],"originalsloc_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1781-1958 are retained in the locality. Contact the clerk of the Circuit Court for access.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e Rockbridge County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1781-1958. (Cite style of suit [and chancery index no. if available]). Local government records collection, Rockbridge County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia, 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":[" Rockbridge County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1781-1958. (Cite style of suit [and chancery index no. if available]). Local government records collection, Rockbridge County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia, 23219.\n"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e The majority of these records were processed in 2003. At this time, there are no plans to digitize the Chancery Causes, 1932-1958. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncoded by G. Crawford: 2009; Updated by E. Swain: January 2025.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information \n"],"processinfo_tesim":[" The majority of these records were processed in 2003. At this time, there are no plans to digitize the Chancery Causes, 1932-1958. ","Encoded by G. Crawford: 2009; Updated by E. Swain: January 2025."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Rockbridge County Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia.  Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA249\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Rockbridge County Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia.  Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1781-1958, consists of cases concerning issues of equity brought largely by residents of the county and filed in the circuit court. These cases often involve the following actions: divisions of estates or land, disputes over wills, disputes regarding contracts, debt, divorce, and business disputes. Other less prevalent issues include freedom suits, permissions to sell property, and disputes concerning trespass. Predominant documents found in these chancery causes include bills (documents the plaintiff's complaint), answers (defendant's response to the plaintiff's complaint), decrees (court's decision), depositions, affidavits, correspondence, lists of heirs, deeds, plats, wills, records involving enslaved individuals, business records or vital statistics. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection also contains one box of \"Orphan Chancery.\" These records contain parts, often single items, of chancery causes which could not be further identified as belonging to a certain case. This box is currently held at the Library of Virginia and has not been digitally scanned nor been indexed. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMartha Porter wanted the people she enslaved to be removed to Ohio following her death. The executor of her estate, Alexander Davis, was either unable or unwilling to carry out her request. Daniel was not therefore not emancipated. Daniel initiated a suit on the law side of the court (referring to himself as Daniel Porter) against Davis and won his freedom. See \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/aan/search-the-narrative\"\u003eVirginia Untold\u003c/extref\u003e for freedom suit.\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA dispute between two sects of the Presbyterian church that met in the same building, Timber Ridge Presbyterian Church, built in 1756, making it the oldest Presbyterian church in Rockbridge County. The plaintiffs were members of the Associate Reformed Church, a sect of the Presbyterian church. They were also referred to as Seceders. The defendants were members of the \"established\" Presbyterian Church. Both sides presented their version of the history of the Presbyterian church going back to 1733. The established Presbyterians asserted that the ARC sect was not Presbyterian. Both sides presented their version of the founding of the Timber Ridge church in 1759 and how the ARC congregation attained use of the Timber Ridge church in 1814. Both sides presented their version of renovating Timber Ridge church (discussion of tearing down Timber Ridge) and building nearby Fairfield church.\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe cause concerns the settlement of the estate of Hugh Adams and his wish for the emancipation of the people he enslaved, his estate sold, and the proceeds used to transport those emancipated to relocate to Liberia. Other smaller bequests in his will were for various family members. The majority of the suit is composed of estate accounts as the executor tried to settle the estate and encountered various difficulties in his attempt to carry out the intent of Adams' will. A letter to Adams from an individual Adams formerly enslaved, while living in Liberia used as an exhibit.\n \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1781-1958, consists of cases concerning issues of equity brought largely by residents of the county and filed in the circuit court. These cases often involve the following actions: divisions of estates or land, disputes over wills, disputes regarding contracts, debt, divorce, and business disputes. Other less prevalent issues include freedom suits, permissions to sell property, and disputes concerning trespass. Predominant documents found in these chancery causes include bills (documents the plaintiff's complaint), answers (defendant's response to the plaintiff's complaint), decrees (court's decision), depositions, affidavits, correspondence, lists of heirs, deeds, plats, wills, records involving enslaved individuals, business records or vital statistics. \n","This collection also contains one box of \"Orphan Chancery.\" These records contain parts, often single items, of chancery causes which could not be further identified as belonging to a certain case. This box is currently held at the Library of Virginia and has not been digitally scanned nor been indexed. ","Martha Porter wanted the people she enslaved to be removed to Ohio following her death. The executor of her estate, Alexander Davis, was either unable or unwilling to carry out her request. Daniel was not therefore not emancipated. Daniel initiated a suit on the law side of the court (referring to himself as Daniel Porter) against Davis and won his freedom. See  Virginia Untold  for freedom suit.\n ","A dispute between two sects of the Presbyterian church that met in the same building, Timber Ridge Presbyterian Church, built in 1756, making it the oldest Presbyterian church in Rockbridge County. The plaintiffs were members of the Associate Reformed Church, a sect of the Presbyterian church. They were also referred to as Seceders. The defendants were members of the \"established\" Presbyterian Church. Both sides presented their version of the history of the Presbyterian church going back to 1733. The established Presbyterians asserted that the ARC sect was not Presbyterian. Both sides presented their version of the founding of the Timber Ridge church in 1759 and how the ARC congregation attained use of the Timber Ridge church in 1814. Both sides presented their version of renovating Timber Ridge church (discussion of tearing down Timber Ridge) and building nearby Fairfield church.\n ","The cause concerns the settlement of the estate of Hugh Adams and his wish for the emancipation of the people he enslaved, his estate sold, and the proceeds used to transport those emancipated to relocate to Liberia. Other smaller bequests in his will were for various family members. The majority of the suit is composed of estate accounts as the executor tried to settle the estate and encountered various difficulties in his attempt to carry out the intent of Adams' will. A letter to Adams from an individual Adams formerly enslaved, while living in Liberia used as an exhibit.\n "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":3,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:49:36.725Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02905"}},{"id":"vi_vi03376","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Rockbridge County (Va.) Coroners' Inquisitions,\n1862-1911","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03376#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03376#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County (Va) Coroners' Inquisitions, 1862-1911, are investigations into the deaths of individuals who died by a sudden, violent, unnatural or suspicious manner, or died without medical attendance. Causes of death found in coroners' inquisitions include murder, infanticide, suicide, domestic violence, exposure to elements, drownings, train accidents, automobile accidents, and natural causes, or as commonly referred to in the 19th century, visitation by God. Documents commonly found in coroners' inquests include the inquisition, depositions, and summons. Criminal papers such as recognizance bonds can be found in coroner inquisitions. Information found in the inquisition include the name of the coroner, the names of the jurors, the name and age of the deceased if known, gender and race of the deceased, and when, how, and by what means the deceased came to his or her death. If the deceased was African American, the inquest would identify the deceased as a slave or free person if known. If the deceased was a slave, the inquest would include, if known, the name of the slaveowner and the slaveowner's residence. Information found in the depositions include the name of the deponent and his or her account of the circumstances that led to the death of the deceased. Slaves were deponents in coroner investigations. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03376#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi03376","ead_ssi":"vi_vi03376","_root_":"vi_vi03376","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi03376","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi03376.xml","title_ssm":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Coroners' Inquisitions,\n1862-1911"],"title_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Coroners' Inquisitions,\n1862-1911"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1155843\n"],"text":["1155843\n","Rockbridge County (Va.) Coroners' Inquisitions,\n1862-1911","African Americans--History","Coroners--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Death--Causes--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Free African Americans--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Infanticide--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Murder--Investigation--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Murder victims--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Suicide--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Women--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Death records--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Local government records--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Reports--Virginia--Rockbridge County",".45 cu. ft. (1 box)","There are no restrictions.\n","Chronological by date coroner filed inquisition in the court.\n","Rockbridge County  was named for Natural Bridge, an exceptional formation located in the county. The county was formed from Augusta and Botetourt Counties in 1778, and another part of Botetourt was added later. \n","The separate office of coroner appeared in Virginia about 1660. The judicial duty of the office is to hold inquisitions in cases when persons meet sudden, violent, unnatural or suspicious death, or death without medical attendance.  The coroner would summon a jury to assist him in determining cause of death.  Prior to November 1877, the jurors numbered twelve.  Between November 1877 and March 1926, the jurors numbered six.   The jury viewed the body of the deceased and heard the testimony of witnesses.  The coroner was required to write down witness testimony.  After seeing and hearing the evidence, the jury delivered in writing to the coroner their conclusion concerning cause of death referred to as the inquisition.  After March 1926, only the coroner determined cause of death.  He could require physicians to assist him with determing cause of death.  If a criminal act was determined to be the cause of death, the coroner was to deliver the guilty person to the sheriff and the coroners' inquests would be used as evidence in the criminal trial.\n","Rockbridge County (Va) Coroners' Inquisitions, 1862-1911, are investigations into the deaths of individuals who died by a sudden, violent, unnatural or suspicious manner, or died without medical attendance.  Causes of death found in coroners' inquisitions include murder, infanticide, suicide, domestic violence, exposure to elements, drownings, train accidents, automobile accidents, and natural causes, or as commonly referred to in the 19th century, visitation by God.  Documents commonly found in coroners' inquests include the inquisition, depositions, and summons.  Criminal papers such as recognizance bonds can be found in coroner inquisitions.  Information found in the inquisition include the name of the coroner, the names of the jurors, the name and age of the deceased if known, gender and race of the deceased, and when, how, and by what means the deceased came to his or her death.  If the deceased was African American, the inquest would identify the deceased as a slave or free person if known.  If the deceased was a slave, the inquest would include, if known, the name of the slaveowner and the slaveowner's residence.  Information found in the depositions include the name of the deponent and his or her account of the circumstances that led to the death of the deceased.  Slaves were deponents in coroner investigations. \n","Medley, a black male, died from the effects of a gunshot wound inflicted by Dr. Watson. Watson was angry with Medley for breaking the wheel on his carriage.  \n","The deceased was the child of Hannah Madison, a freedwoman. Madison gave birth to the child in secret, then threw it from the upper porch of Mr. Lewis' house onto the walkway below where it died. She later picked up the child's body and concealed it in a trunk. \n","Thompson, a black man, was shot by J.C. Johnston, a white man after Johnston accused Thompson of insulting him. Witnesses to the incident tried to convince Johnston to simply hit Thompson in the head with a rock, but Johnston borrowed a pistol and shot him instead. Jurors decided it was a case of \"felonious homicide.\"\n","Died after being run over by the \"regular mail train\" while drunk. Jurors decided that neither the railroad nor the train officers was at fault for the incident since Withers was under the influence of liquor at the time.   \n","Suicide. Died after shooting himself twice, once in the chest and once in the head. Acquaintances described him as \"broken down from hard work and melancholy.\" Inquest includes the text of Shannon's suicide note in which he describes himself as selfish and warns others not to follow in his footsteps. \n","Jurors decided that Gibson died of natural causes. The doctor who examined him post mortem thought he was poisoned. From testimony given in the inquest, the cause of death sounds like a heart attack or heart disease.\n","Died after being caught in the machinery at the Buena Vista Paper Company's Mill. Jurors decided that the accident was a result of Nicholas' own negligence because he put himself \"in a position where his duty did not call him and where he had been positively forbidden to go.\"\n","Taliaferro, a cadet at the Virginia Military Institute (VMI), died from \"apoplexy\" after participating in a fistfight with another cadet.\n","According to the inquest, \"death was suicidal and produced by the taking of laudanum poison, the bottle which contained the said laudanum being found on a table in the room in which the deed was committed and near the bed upon which she was found.\" \n","Scott, a young boy between the ages of six and seven, died on Christmas Day after drinking a hot toddy given to him by his father. The jury concluded that the \"whiskey was given without malicious intent.\"\n","Drawbond died as the result of gunshot wounds inflicted by \"some one unknown.\" His dead body was then \"placed upon the railroad tracks, and thereby mutilated by a freight train.\"\n","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia\n","Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1155843\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Coroners' Inquisitions,\n1862-1911"],"collection_title_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Coroners' Inquisitions,\n1862-1911"],"collection_ssim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Coroners' Inquisitions,\n1862-1911"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in shipments of court records from Rockbridge County.\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans--History","Coroners--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Death--Causes--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Free African Americans--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Infanticide--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Murder--Investigation--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Murder victims--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Suicide--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Women--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Death records--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Local government records--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Reports--Virginia--Rockbridge County"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans--History","Coroners--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Death--Causes--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Free African Americans--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Infanticide--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Murder--Investigation--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Murder victims--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Suicide--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Women--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Death records--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Local government records--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Reports--Virginia--Rockbridge County"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":[".45 cu. ft. (1 box)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eChronological by date coroner filed inquisition in the court.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Chronological by date coroner filed inquisition in the court.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County  was named for Natural Bridge, an exceptional formation located in the county. The county was formed from Augusta and Botetourt Counties in 1778, and another part of Botetourt was added later. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe separate office of coroner appeared in Virginia about 1660. The judicial duty of the office is to hold inquisitions in cases when persons meet sudden, violent, unnatural or suspicious death, or death without medical attendance.  The coroner would summon a jury to assist him in determining cause of death.  Prior to November 1877, the jurors numbered twelve.  Between November 1877 and March 1926, the jurors numbered six.   The jury viewed the body of the deceased and heard the testimony of witnesses.  The coroner was required to write down witness testimony.  After seeing and hearing the evidence, the jury delivered in writing to the coroner their conclusion concerning cause of death referred to as the inquisition.  After March 1926, only the coroner determined cause of death.  He could require physicians to assist him with determing cause of death.  If a criminal act was determined to be the cause of death, the coroner was to deliver the guilty person to the sheriff and the coroners' inquests would be used as evidence in the criminal trial.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Rockbridge County  was named for Natural Bridge, an exceptional formation located in the county. The county was formed from Augusta and Botetourt Counties in 1778, and another part of Botetourt was added later. \n","The separate office of coroner appeared in Virginia about 1660. The judicial duty of the office is to hold inquisitions in cases when persons meet sudden, violent, unnatural or suspicious death, or death without medical attendance.  The coroner would summon a jury to assist him in determining cause of death.  Prior to November 1877, the jurors numbered twelve.  Between November 1877 and March 1926, the jurors numbered six.   The jury viewed the body of the deceased and heard the testimony of witnesses.  The coroner was required to write down witness testimony.  After seeing and hearing the evidence, the jury delivered in writing to the coroner their conclusion concerning cause of death referred to as the inquisition.  After March 1926, only the coroner determined cause of death.  He could require physicians to assist him with determing cause of death.  If a criminal act was determined to be the cause of death, the coroner was to deliver the guilty person to the sheriff and the coroners' inquests would be used as evidence in the criminal trial.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County (Va.) Coroners' Inquisitions, 1862-1911. Local government records collection, Rockbridge County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, VA 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Coroners' Inquisitions, 1862-1911. Local government records collection, Rockbridge County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, VA 23219.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County (Va) Coroners' Inquisitions, 1862-1911, are investigations into the deaths of individuals who died by a sudden, violent, unnatural or suspicious manner, or died without medical attendance.  Causes of death found in coroners' inquisitions include murder, infanticide, suicide, domestic violence, exposure to elements, drownings, train accidents, automobile accidents, and natural causes, or as commonly referred to in the 19th century, visitation by God.  Documents commonly found in coroners' inquests include the inquisition, depositions, and summons.  Criminal papers such as recognizance bonds can be found in coroner inquisitions.  Information found in the inquisition include the name of the coroner, the names of the jurors, the name and age of the deceased if known, gender and race of the deceased, and when, how, and by what means the deceased came to his or her death.  If the deceased was African American, the inquest would identify the deceased as a slave or free person if known.  If the deceased was a slave, the inquest would include, if known, the name of the slaveowner and the slaveowner's residence.  Information found in the depositions include the name of the deponent and his or her account of the circumstances that led to the death of the deceased.  Slaves were deponents in coroner investigations. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMedley, a black male, died from the effects of a gunshot wound inflicted by Dr. Watson. Watson was angry with Medley for breaking the wheel on his carriage.  \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe deceased was the child of Hannah Madison, a freedwoman. Madison gave birth to the child in secret, then threw it from the upper porch of Mr. Lewis' house onto the walkway below where it died. She later picked up the child's body and concealed it in a trunk. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThompson, a black man, was shot by J.C. Johnston, a white man after Johnston accused Thompson of insulting him. Witnesses to the incident tried to convince Johnston to simply hit Thompson in the head with a rock, but Johnston borrowed a pistol and shot him instead. Jurors decided it was a case of \"felonious homicide.\"\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDied after being run over by the \"regular mail train\" while drunk. Jurors decided that neither the railroad nor the train officers was at fault for the incident since Withers was under the influence of liquor at the time.   \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSuicide. Died after shooting himself twice, once in the chest and once in the head. Acquaintances described him as \"broken down from hard work and melancholy.\" Inquest includes the text of Shannon's suicide note in which he describes himself as selfish and warns others not to follow in his footsteps. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJurors decided that Gibson died of natural causes. The doctor who examined him post mortem thought he was poisoned. From testimony given in the inquest, the cause of death sounds like a heart attack or heart disease.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDied after being caught in the machinery at the Buena Vista Paper Company's Mill. Jurors decided that the accident was a result of Nicholas' own negligence because he put himself \"in a position where his duty did not call him and where he had been positively forbidden to go.\"\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaliaferro, a cadet at the Virginia Military Institute (VMI), died from \"apoplexy\" after participating in a fistfight with another cadet.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccording to the inquest, \"death was suicidal and produced by the taking of laudanum poison, the bottle which contained the said laudanum being found on a table in the room in which the deed was committed and near the bed upon which she was found.\" \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScott, a young boy between the ages of six and seven, died on Christmas Day after drinking a hot toddy given to him by his father. The jury concluded that the \"whiskey was given without malicious intent.\"\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDrawbond died as the result of gunshot wounds inflicted by \"some one unknown.\" His dead body was then \"placed upon the railroad tracks, and thereby mutilated by a freight train.\"\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va) Coroners' Inquisitions, 1862-1911, are investigations into the deaths of individuals who died by a sudden, violent, unnatural or suspicious manner, or died without medical attendance.  Causes of death found in coroners' inquisitions include murder, infanticide, suicide, domestic violence, exposure to elements, drownings, train accidents, automobile accidents, and natural causes, or as commonly referred to in the 19th century, visitation by God.  Documents commonly found in coroners' inquests include the inquisition, depositions, and summons.  Criminal papers such as recognizance bonds can be found in coroner inquisitions.  Information found in the inquisition include the name of the coroner, the names of the jurors, the name and age of the deceased if known, gender and race of the deceased, and when, how, and by what means the deceased came to his or her death.  If the deceased was African American, the inquest would identify the deceased as a slave or free person if known.  If the deceased was a slave, the inquest would include, if known, the name of the slaveowner and the slaveowner's residence.  Information found in the depositions include the name of the deponent and his or her account of the circumstances that led to the death of the deceased.  Slaves were deponents in coroner investigations. \n","Medley, a black male, died from the effects of a gunshot wound inflicted by Dr. Watson. Watson was angry with Medley for breaking the wheel on his carriage.  \n","The deceased was the child of Hannah Madison, a freedwoman. Madison gave birth to the child in secret, then threw it from the upper porch of Mr. Lewis' house onto the walkway below where it died. She later picked up the child's body and concealed it in a trunk. \n","Thompson, a black man, was shot by J.C. Johnston, a white man after Johnston accused Thompson of insulting him. Witnesses to the incident tried to convince Johnston to simply hit Thompson in the head with a rock, but Johnston borrowed a pistol and shot him instead. Jurors decided it was a case of \"felonious homicide.\"\n","Died after being run over by the \"regular mail train\" while drunk. Jurors decided that neither the railroad nor the train officers was at fault for the incident since Withers was under the influence of liquor at the time.   \n","Suicide. Died after shooting himself twice, once in the chest and once in the head. Acquaintances described him as \"broken down from hard work and melancholy.\" Inquest includes the text of Shannon's suicide note in which he describes himself as selfish and warns others not to follow in his footsteps. \n","Jurors decided that Gibson died of natural causes. The doctor who examined him post mortem thought he was poisoned. From testimony given in the inquest, the cause of death sounds like a heart attack or heart disease.\n","Died after being caught in the machinery at the Buena Vista Paper Company's Mill. Jurors decided that the accident was a result of Nicholas' own negligence because he put himself \"in a position where his duty did not call him and where he had been positively forbidden to go.\"\n","Taliaferro, a cadet at the Virginia Military Institute (VMI), died from \"apoplexy\" after participating in a fistfight with another cadet.\n","According to the inquest, \"death was suicidal and produced by the taking of laudanum poison, the bottle which contained the said laudanum being found on a table in the room in which the deed was committed and near the bed upon which she was found.\" \n","Scott, a young boy between the ages of six and seven, died on Christmas Day after drinking a hot toddy given to him by his father. The jury concluded that the \"whiskey was given without malicious intent.\"\n","Drawbond died as the result of gunshot wounds inflicted by \"some one unknown.\" His dead body was then \"placed upon the railroad tracks, and thereby mutilated by a freight train.\"\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"corpname_ssim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":11,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:56:06.525Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi03376","ead_ssi":"vi_vi03376","_root_":"vi_vi03376","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi03376","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi03376.xml","title_ssm":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Coroners' Inquisitions,\n1862-1911"],"title_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Coroners' Inquisitions,\n1862-1911"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1155843\n"],"text":["1155843\n","Rockbridge County (Va.) Coroners' Inquisitions,\n1862-1911","African Americans--History","Coroners--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Death--Causes--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Free African Americans--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Infanticide--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Murder--Investigation--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Murder victims--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Suicide--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Women--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Death records--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Local government records--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Reports--Virginia--Rockbridge County",".45 cu. ft. (1 box)","There are no restrictions.\n","Chronological by date coroner filed inquisition in the court.\n","Rockbridge County  was named for Natural Bridge, an exceptional formation located in the county. The county was formed from Augusta and Botetourt Counties in 1778, and another part of Botetourt was added later. \n","The separate office of coroner appeared in Virginia about 1660. The judicial duty of the office is to hold inquisitions in cases when persons meet sudden, violent, unnatural or suspicious death, or death without medical attendance.  The coroner would summon a jury to assist him in determining cause of death.  Prior to November 1877, the jurors numbered twelve.  Between November 1877 and March 1926, the jurors numbered six.   The jury viewed the body of the deceased and heard the testimony of witnesses.  The coroner was required to write down witness testimony.  After seeing and hearing the evidence, the jury delivered in writing to the coroner their conclusion concerning cause of death referred to as the inquisition.  After March 1926, only the coroner determined cause of death.  He could require physicians to assist him with determing cause of death.  If a criminal act was determined to be the cause of death, the coroner was to deliver the guilty person to the sheriff and the coroners' inquests would be used as evidence in the criminal trial.\n","Rockbridge County (Va) Coroners' Inquisitions, 1862-1911, are investigations into the deaths of individuals who died by a sudden, violent, unnatural or suspicious manner, or died without medical attendance.  Causes of death found in coroners' inquisitions include murder, infanticide, suicide, domestic violence, exposure to elements, drownings, train accidents, automobile accidents, and natural causes, or as commonly referred to in the 19th century, visitation by God.  Documents commonly found in coroners' inquests include the inquisition, depositions, and summons.  Criminal papers such as recognizance bonds can be found in coroner inquisitions.  Information found in the inquisition include the name of the coroner, the names of the jurors, the name and age of the deceased if known, gender and race of the deceased, and when, how, and by what means the deceased came to his or her death.  If the deceased was African American, the inquest would identify the deceased as a slave or free person if known.  If the deceased was a slave, the inquest would include, if known, the name of the slaveowner and the slaveowner's residence.  Information found in the depositions include the name of the deponent and his or her account of the circumstances that led to the death of the deceased.  Slaves were deponents in coroner investigations. \n","Medley, a black male, died from the effects of a gunshot wound inflicted by Dr. Watson. Watson was angry with Medley for breaking the wheel on his carriage.  \n","The deceased was the child of Hannah Madison, a freedwoman. Madison gave birth to the child in secret, then threw it from the upper porch of Mr. Lewis' house onto the walkway below where it died. She later picked up the child's body and concealed it in a trunk. \n","Thompson, a black man, was shot by J.C. Johnston, a white man after Johnston accused Thompson of insulting him. Witnesses to the incident tried to convince Johnston to simply hit Thompson in the head with a rock, but Johnston borrowed a pistol and shot him instead. Jurors decided it was a case of \"felonious homicide.\"\n","Died after being run over by the \"regular mail train\" while drunk. Jurors decided that neither the railroad nor the train officers was at fault for the incident since Withers was under the influence of liquor at the time.   \n","Suicide. Died after shooting himself twice, once in the chest and once in the head. Acquaintances described him as \"broken down from hard work and melancholy.\" Inquest includes the text of Shannon's suicide note in which he describes himself as selfish and warns others not to follow in his footsteps. \n","Jurors decided that Gibson died of natural causes. The doctor who examined him post mortem thought he was poisoned. From testimony given in the inquest, the cause of death sounds like a heart attack or heart disease.\n","Died after being caught in the machinery at the Buena Vista Paper Company's Mill. Jurors decided that the accident was a result of Nicholas' own negligence because he put himself \"in a position where his duty did not call him and where he had been positively forbidden to go.\"\n","Taliaferro, a cadet at the Virginia Military Institute (VMI), died from \"apoplexy\" after participating in a fistfight with another cadet.\n","According to the inquest, \"death was suicidal and produced by the taking of laudanum poison, the bottle which contained the said laudanum being found on a table in the room in which the deed was committed and near the bed upon which she was found.\" \n","Scott, a young boy between the ages of six and seven, died on Christmas Day after drinking a hot toddy given to him by his father. The jury concluded that the \"whiskey was given without malicious intent.\"\n","Drawbond died as the result of gunshot wounds inflicted by \"some one unknown.\" His dead body was then \"placed upon the railroad tracks, and thereby mutilated by a freight train.\"\n","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia\n","Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1155843\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Coroners' Inquisitions,\n1862-1911"],"collection_title_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Coroners' Inquisitions,\n1862-1911"],"collection_ssim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Coroners' Inquisitions,\n1862-1911"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in shipments of court records from Rockbridge County.\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans--History","Coroners--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Death--Causes--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Free African Americans--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Infanticide--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Murder--Investigation--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Murder victims--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Suicide--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Women--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Death records--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Local government records--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Reports--Virginia--Rockbridge County"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans--History","Coroners--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Death--Causes--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Free African Americans--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Infanticide--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Murder--Investigation--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Murder victims--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Suicide--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Women--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Death records--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Local government records--Virginia--Rockbridge County","Reports--Virginia--Rockbridge County"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":[".45 cu. ft. (1 box)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eChronological by date coroner filed inquisition in the court.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Chronological by date coroner filed inquisition in the court.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County  was named for Natural Bridge, an exceptional formation located in the county. The county was formed from Augusta and Botetourt Counties in 1778, and another part of Botetourt was added later. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe separate office of coroner appeared in Virginia about 1660. The judicial duty of the office is to hold inquisitions in cases when persons meet sudden, violent, unnatural or suspicious death, or death without medical attendance.  The coroner would summon a jury to assist him in determining cause of death.  Prior to November 1877, the jurors numbered twelve.  Between November 1877 and March 1926, the jurors numbered six.   The jury viewed the body of the deceased and heard the testimony of witnesses.  The coroner was required to write down witness testimony.  After seeing and hearing the evidence, the jury delivered in writing to the coroner their conclusion concerning cause of death referred to as the inquisition.  After March 1926, only the coroner determined cause of death.  He could require physicians to assist him with determing cause of death.  If a criminal act was determined to be the cause of death, the coroner was to deliver the guilty person to the sheriff and the coroners' inquests would be used as evidence in the criminal trial.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Rockbridge County  was named for Natural Bridge, an exceptional formation located in the county. The county was formed from Augusta and Botetourt Counties in 1778, and another part of Botetourt was added later. \n","The separate office of coroner appeared in Virginia about 1660. The judicial duty of the office is to hold inquisitions in cases when persons meet sudden, violent, unnatural or suspicious death, or death without medical attendance.  The coroner would summon a jury to assist him in determining cause of death.  Prior to November 1877, the jurors numbered twelve.  Between November 1877 and March 1926, the jurors numbered six.   The jury viewed the body of the deceased and heard the testimony of witnesses.  The coroner was required to write down witness testimony.  After seeing and hearing the evidence, the jury delivered in writing to the coroner their conclusion concerning cause of death referred to as the inquisition.  After March 1926, only the coroner determined cause of death.  He could require physicians to assist him with determing cause of death.  If a criminal act was determined to be the cause of death, the coroner was to deliver the guilty person to the sheriff and the coroners' inquests would be used as evidence in the criminal trial.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County (Va.) Coroners' Inquisitions, 1862-1911. Local government records collection, Rockbridge County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, VA 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Coroners' Inquisitions, 1862-1911. Local government records collection, Rockbridge County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, VA 23219.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County (Va) Coroners' Inquisitions, 1862-1911, are investigations into the deaths of individuals who died by a sudden, violent, unnatural or suspicious manner, or died without medical attendance.  Causes of death found in coroners' inquisitions include murder, infanticide, suicide, domestic violence, exposure to elements, drownings, train accidents, automobile accidents, and natural causes, or as commonly referred to in the 19th century, visitation by God.  Documents commonly found in coroners' inquests include the inquisition, depositions, and summons.  Criminal papers such as recognizance bonds can be found in coroner inquisitions.  Information found in the inquisition include the name of the coroner, the names of the jurors, the name and age of the deceased if known, gender and race of the deceased, and when, how, and by what means the deceased came to his or her death.  If the deceased was African American, the inquest would identify the deceased as a slave or free person if known.  If the deceased was a slave, the inquest would include, if known, the name of the slaveowner and the slaveowner's residence.  Information found in the depositions include the name of the deponent and his or her account of the circumstances that led to the death of the deceased.  Slaves were deponents in coroner investigations. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMedley, a black male, died from the effects of a gunshot wound inflicted by Dr. Watson. Watson was angry with Medley for breaking the wheel on his carriage.  \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe deceased was the child of Hannah Madison, a freedwoman. Madison gave birth to the child in secret, then threw it from the upper porch of Mr. Lewis' house onto the walkway below where it died. She later picked up the child's body and concealed it in a trunk. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThompson, a black man, was shot by J.C. Johnston, a white man after Johnston accused Thompson of insulting him. Witnesses to the incident tried to convince Johnston to simply hit Thompson in the head with a rock, but Johnston borrowed a pistol and shot him instead. Jurors decided it was a case of \"felonious homicide.\"\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDied after being run over by the \"regular mail train\" while drunk. Jurors decided that neither the railroad nor the train officers was at fault for the incident since Withers was under the influence of liquor at the time.   \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSuicide. Died after shooting himself twice, once in the chest and once in the head. Acquaintances described him as \"broken down from hard work and melancholy.\" Inquest includes the text of Shannon's suicide note in which he describes himself as selfish and warns others not to follow in his footsteps. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJurors decided that Gibson died of natural causes. The doctor who examined him post mortem thought he was poisoned. From testimony given in the inquest, the cause of death sounds like a heart attack or heart disease.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDied after being caught in the machinery at the Buena Vista Paper Company's Mill. Jurors decided that the accident was a result of Nicholas' own negligence because he put himself \"in a position where his duty did not call him and where he had been positively forbidden to go.\"\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaliaferro, a cadet at the Virginia Military Institute (VMI), died from \"apoplexy\" after participating in a fistfight with another cadet.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccording to the inquest, \"death was suicidal and produced by the taking of laudanum poison, the bottle which contained the said laudanum being found on a table in the room in which the deed was committed and near the bed upon which she was found.\" \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScott, a young boy between the ages of six and seven, died on Christmas Day after drinking a hot toddy given to him by his father. The jury concluded that the \"whiskey was given without malicious intent.\"\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDrawbond died as the result of gunshot wounds inflicted by \"some one unknown.\" His dead body was then \"placed upon the railroad tracks, and thereby mutilated by a freight train.\"\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va) Coroners' Inquisitions, 1862-1911, are investigations into the deaths of individuals who died by a sudden, violent, unnatural or suspicious manner, or died without medical attendance.  Causes of death found in coroners' inquisitions include murder, infanticide, suicide, domestic violence, exposure to elements, drownings, train accidents, automobile accidents, and natural causes, or as commonly referred to in the 19th century, visitation by God.  Documents commonly found in coroners' inquests include the inquisition, depositions, and summons.  Criminal papers such as recognizance bonds can be found in coroner inquisitions.  Information found in the inquisition include the name of the coroner, the names of the jurors, the name and age of the deceased if known, gender and race of the deceased, and when, how, and by what means the deceased came to his or her death.  If the deceased was African American, the inquest would identify the deceased as a slave or free person if known.  If the deceased was a slave, the inquest would include, if known, the name of the slaveowner and the slaveowner's residence.  Information found in the depositions include the name of the deponent and his or her account of the circumstances that led to the death of the deceased.  Slaves were deponents in coroner investigations. \n","Medley, a black male, died from the effects of a gunshot wound inflicted by Dr. Watson. Watson was angry with Medley for breaking the wheel on his carriage.  \n","The deceased was the child of Hannah Madison, a freedwoman. Madison gave birth to the child in secret, then threw it from the upper porch of Mr. Lewis' house onto the walkway below where it died. She later picked up the child's body and concealed it in a trunk. \n","Thompson, a black man, was shot by J.C. Johnston, a white man after Johnston accused Thompson of insulting him. Witnesses to the incident tried to convince Johnston to simply hit Thompson in the head with a rock, but Johnston borrowed a pistol and shot him instead. Jurors decided it was a case of \"felonious homicide.\"\n","Died after being run over by the \"regular mail train\" while drunk. Jurors decided that neither the railroad nor the train officers was at fault for the incident since Withers was under the influence of liquor at the time.   \n","Suicide. Died after shooting himself twice, once in the chest and once in the head. Acquaintances described him as \"broken down from hard work and melancholy.\" Inquest includes the text of Shannon's suicide note in which he describes himself as selfish and warns others not to follow in his footsteps. \n","Jurors decided that Gibson died of natural causes. The doctor who examined him post mortem thought he was poisoned. From testimony given in the inquest, the cause of death sounds like a heart attack or heart disease.\n","Died after being caught in the machinery at the Buena Vista Paper Company's Mill. Jurors decided that the accident was a result of Nicholas' own negligence because he put himself \"in a position where his duty did not call him and where he had been positively forbidden to go.\"\n","Taliaferro, a cadet at the Virginia Military Institute (VMI), died from \"apoplexy\" after participating in a fistfight with another cadet.\n","According to the inquest, \"death was suicidal and produced by the taking of laudanum poison, the bottle which contained the said laudanum being found on a table in the room in which the deed was committed and near the bed upon which she was found.\" \n","Scott, a young boy between the ages of six and seven, died on Christmas Day after drinking a hot toddy given to him by his father. The jury concluded that the \"whiskey was given without malicious intent.\"\n","Drawbond died as the result of gunshot wounds inflicted by \"some one unknown.\" His dead body was then \"placed upon the railroad tracks, and thereby mutilated by a freight train.\"\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"corpname_ssim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) 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The collection contains a document removed from Rockbridge County court records, a contract leasing property in Albemarle County from Richard Morris to Abbagale Harlan. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02357#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi02357","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02357","_root_":"vi_vi02357","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02357","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02357.xml","title_ssm":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Court Record,  \n1838 Dec. 4"],"title_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Court Record,  \n1838 Dec. 4"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1177669\n"],"text":["1177669\n","Rockbridge County (Va.) Court Record,  \n1838 Dec. 4","Replevin--Virginia.","Judicial records--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Leases--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Local government records--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","2 p.","There are no restrictions.\n","Rockbridge County was named for Natural Bridge, an exceptional rock formation located in the county. The county was formed from Augusta and Botetourt Counties in 1778, and another part was added later.","This record was replevined by the Library of Virginia following the trial entitled Commonwealth of Virginia vs. Larry I. Vass heard in Henrico County Circuit Court in November 1972.\n","For additional information concerning the replevin of this item see Larry I. Vass Case records, 1781-1973, found at the Library of Virginia.","Additional Rockbridge County court records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Rockbridge County (Va.) Court Record, 1838 Dec. 4. The collection contains a document removed from Rockbridge County court records, a contract leasing property in Albemarle County from Richard Morris to Abbagale Harlan.\n","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia\n","Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1177669\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Court Record,  \n1838 Dec. 4"],"collection_title_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Court Record,  \n1838 Dec. 4"],"collection_ssim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Court Record,  \n1838 Dec. 4"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This item came to the Library of Virginia in 2004 in a transfer. \n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Replevin--Virginia.","Judicial records--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Leases--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Local government records--Virginia--Rockbridge County."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Replevin--Virginia.","Judicial records--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Leases--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Local government records--Virginia--Rockbridge County."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["2 p."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County was named for Natural Bridge, an exceptional rock formation located in the county. The county was formed from Augusta and Botetourt Counties in 1778, and another part was added later.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis record was replevined by the Library of Virginia following the trial entitled Commonwealth of Virginia vs. Larry I. Vass heard in Henrico County Circuit Court in November 1972.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Rockbridge County was named for Natural Bridge, an exceptional rock formation located in the county. The county was formed from Augusta and Botetourt Counties in 1778, and another part was added later.","This record was replevined by the Library of Virginia following the trial entitled Commonwealth of Virginia vs. Larry I. Vass heard in Henrico County Circuit Court in November 1972.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County (Va.) Court Record, 1838 Dec. 4. Local government records collection, Local Government Records Replevin Collection. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Court Record, 1838 Dec. 4. Local government records collection, Local Government Records Replevin Collection. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFor additional information concerning the replevin of this item see Larry I. Vass Case records, 1781-1973, found at the Library of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Rockbridge County court records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA249\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e  \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["For additional information concerning the replevin of this item see Larry I. Vass Case records, 1781-1973, found at the Library of Virginia.","Additional Rockbridge County court records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County (Va.) Court Record, 1838 Dec. 4. The collection contains a document removed from Rockbridge County court records, a contract leasing property in Albemarle County from Richard Morris to Abbagale Harlan.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Court Record, 1838 Dec. 4. The collection contains a document removed from Rockbridge County court records, a contract leasing property in Albemarle County from Richard Morris to Abbagale Harlan.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"corpname_ssim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) 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The county was formed from Augusta and Botetourt Counties in 1778, and another part was added later.","This record was replevined by the Library of Virginia following the trial entitled Commonwealth of Virginia vs. Larry I. Vass heard in Henrico County Circuit Court in November 1972.\n","For additional information concerning the replevin of this item see Larry I. Vass Case records, 1781-1973, found at the Library of Virginia.","Additional Rockbridge County court records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Rockbridge County (Va.) Court Record, 1838 Dec. 4. The collection contains a document removed from Rockbridge County court records, a contract leasing property in Albemarle County from Richard Morris to Abbagale Harlan.\n","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia\n","Rockbridge County (Va.) 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The county was formed from Augusta and Botetourt Counties in 1778, and another part was added later.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis record was replevined by the Library of Virginia following the trial entitled Commonwealth of Virginia vs. Larry I. Vass heard in Henrico County Circuit Court in November 1972.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Rockbridge County was named for Natural Bridge, an exceptional rock formation located in the county. The county was formed from Augusta and Botetourt Counties in 1778, and another part was added later.","This record was replevined by the Library of Virginia following the trial entitled Commonwealth of Virginia vs. Larry I. Vass heard in Henrico County Circuit Court in November 1972.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County (Va.) Court Record, 1838 Dec. 4. Local government records collection, Local Government Records Replevin Collection. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Court Record, 1838 Dec. 4. Local government records collection, Local Government Records Replevin Collection. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFor additional information concerning the replevin of this item see Larry I. Vass Case records, 1781-1973, found at the Library of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Rockbridge County court records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA249\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e  \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["For additional information concerning the replevin of this item see Larry I. Vass Case records, 1781-1973, found at the Library of Virginia.","Additional Rockbridge County court records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County (Va.) Court Record, 1838 Dec. 4. The collection contains a document removed from Rockbridge County court records, a contract leasing property in Albemarle County from Richard Morris to Abbagale Harlan.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Court Record, 1838 Dec. 4. The collection contains a document removed from Rockbridge County court records, a contract leasing property in Albemarle County from Richard Morris to Abbagale Harlan.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"corpname_ssim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T11:38:02.298Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02357"}},{"id":"vi_vi03629","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Rockbridge County (Va.) Court Records, \n1822-1846","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03629#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03629#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County (Va.) Court Records, 1822-1846, consist of one civil suit and two commonwealth causes. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03629#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi03629","ead_ssi":"vi_vi03629","_root_":"vi_vi03629","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi03629","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi03629.xml","title_ssm":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Court Records, \n1822-1846"],"title_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) 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The county seat is the city of Lexington.\n","Additional Rockbridge County Judgments and Commonwealth Causes are found at the Library of Virginia.\n","Additional Rockbridge County Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia.  Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Rockbridge County (Va.) Court Records, 1822-1846, consist of one civil suit and two commonwealth causes.\n","Commonwealth versus Trustees of Washington College, 1822 August, includes information, bill of exceptions, subpoenas and other documents. The trustees were accused and found guilty of harboring a slave named Tamer, the property of Robert Douthat, without his consent and to the great detriment and annoyance of people in the neighborhood. The trustees were fined three dollars.\n","Commonwealth versus Polly Watkins (alias Dolly Freeman), 1827 April, includes two indictments, copy of record, recognizance, subpoenas, list of jurors, and other documents. Watkins was indicted for harboring a runaway slave named Rachel, the property of Christianna Holmes, and for feloniously carrying the same slave from Rockbridge County to Botetourt County. The copy of record includes depostions from witnesses on behalf of the Commonwealth, including the slave Rachel, who testified to how Watkins transported the slave to Boteourt County. She forged free papers for the slave and passed her off as a family member. Watkins was found not guilty for feloniously carrying the slave from Rockbridge County to Botetourt County, but was found guilty of harboring a slave. Watkins was fined ten dollars, but if she was unable to pay the fine, she was to be punished with ten lashes on her bare back at the public whipping post.\n","Peter Jordan vs. Thomas Gardner, 1846 September, was a civil suit in which Jordan sued Gardner for damages from an assault and battery. Gardner asked the court to dismiss the suit because Jordan was a slave and under the laws of Virginia could not sue a white man. The court ruled against Gardner and allowed the suit to continue. The suit originated out of a previous civil suit in which Gardner sued Jordan for slander and assault and battery. Jordan was found guilty and sentenced to ten lashes. \n","Court Records are useful when researching local history and genealogical information, particularly for African Americans. They are a valuable source of local, state, social, and legal history and serve as a primary source for understanding a locality's history.\n","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia\n","Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Washington and Lee University.","Rockbridge County (Va.) Superior Court of Law.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["0007348619\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Court Records, \n1822-1846"],"collection_title_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) 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(1 box)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged chronologically.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County was named for Natural Bridge, an exceptional rock formation located in the county. The county was formed from Augusta and Botetourt Counties in 1778, and another part of Botetourt was added in 1888. The county seat is the city of Lexington.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Rockbridge County was named for Natural Bridge, an exceptional rock formation located in the county. The county was formed from Augusta and Botetourt Counties in 1778, and another part of Botetourt was added in 1888. The county seat is the city of Lexington.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County (Va.) Court Records, 1822-1846. Local government records collection, Rockbridge County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Court Records, 1822-1846. Local government records collection, Rockbridge County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219.\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Rockbridge County Judgments and Commonwealth Causes are found at the Library of Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Rockbridge County Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia.  Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA249\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Rockbridge County Judgments and Commonwealth Causes are found at the Library of Virginia.\n","Additional Rockbridge County Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia.  Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County (Va.) Court Records, 1822-1846, consist of one civil suit and two commonwealth causes.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth versus Trustees of Washington College, 1822 August, includes information, bill of exceptions, subpoenas and other documents. The trustees were accused and found guilty of harboring a slave named Tamer, the property of Robert Douthat, without his consent and to the great detriment and annoyance of people in the neighborhood. The trustees were fined three dollars.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth versus Polly Watkins (alias Dolly Freeman), 1827 April, includes two indictments, copy of record, recognizance, subpoenas, list of jurors, and other documents. Watkins was indicted for harboring a runaway slave named Rachel, the property of Christianna Holmes, and for feloniously carrying the same slave from Rockbridge County to Botetourt County. The copy of record includes depostions from witnesses on behalf of the Commonwealth, including the slave Rachel, who testified to how Watkins transported the slave to Boteourt County. She forged free papers for the slave and passed her off as a family member. Watkins was found not guilty for feloniously carrying the slave from Rockbridge County to Botetourt County, but was found guilty of harboring a slave. Watkins was fined ten dollars, but if she was unable to pay the fine, she was to be punished with ten lashes on her bare back at the public whipping post.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeter Jordan vs. Thomas Gardner, 1846 September, was a civil suit in which Jordan sued Gardner for damages from an assault and battery. Gardner asked the court to dismiss the suit because Jordan was a slave and under the laws of Virginia could not sue a white man. The court ruled against Gardner and allowed the suit to continue. The suit originated out of a previous civil suit in which Gardner sued Jordan for slander and assault and battery. Jordan was found guilty and sentenced to ten lashes. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCourt Records are useful when researching local history and genealogical information, particularly for African Americans. They are a valuable source of local, state, social, and legal history and serve as a primary source for understanding a locality's history.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Court Records, 1822-1846, consist of one civil suit and two commonwealth causes.\n","Commonwealth versus Trustees of Washington College, 1822 August, includes information, bill of exceptions, subpoenas and other documents. The trustees were accused and found guilty of harboring a slave named Tamer, the property of Robert Douthat, without his consent and to the great detriment and annoyance of people in the neighborhood. The trustees were fined three dollars.\n","Commonwealth versus Polly Watkins (alias Dolly Freeman), 1827 April, includes two indictments, copy of record, recognizance, subpoenas, list of jurors, and other documents. Watkins was indicted for harboring a runaway slave named Rachel, the property of Christianna Holmes, and for feloniously carrying the same slave from Rockbridge County to Botetourt County. The copy of record includes depostions from witnesses on behalf of the Commonwealth, including the slave Rachel, who testified to how Watkins transported the slave to Boteourt County. She forged free papers for the slave and passed her off as a family member. Watkins was found not guilty for feloniously carrying the slave from Rockbridge County to Botetourt County, but was found guilty of harboring a slave. Watkins was fined ten dollars, but if she was unable to pay the fine, she was to be punished with ten lashes on her bare back at the public whipping post.\n","Peter Jordan vs. Thomas Gardner, 1846 September, was a civil suit in which Jordan sued Gardner for damages from an assault and battery. Gardner asked the court to dismiss the suit because Jordan was a slave and under the laws of Virginia could not sue a white man. The court ruled against Gardner and allowed the suit to continue. The suit originated out of a previous civil suit in which Gardner sued Jordan for slander and assault and battery. Jordan was found guilty and sentenced to ten lashes. \n","Court Records are useful when researching local history and genealogical information, particularly for African Americans. They are a valuable source of local, state, social, and legal history and serve as a primary source for understanding a locality's history.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Washington and Lee University.","Rockbridge County (Va.) Superior Court of Law."],"corpname_ssim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Washington and Lee University.","Rockbridge County (Va.) 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The county seat is the city of Lexington.\n","Additional Rockbridge County Judgments and Commonwealth Causes are found at the Library of Virginia.\n","Additional Rockbridge County Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia.  Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Rockbridge County (Va.) Court Records, 1822-1846, consist of one civil suit and two commonwealth causes.\n","Commonwealth versus Trustees of Washington College, 1822 August, includes information, bill of exceptions, subpoenas and other documents. The trustees were accused and found guilty of harboring a slave named Tamer, the property of Robert Douthat, without his consent and to the great detriment and annoyance of people in the neighborhood. The trustees were fined three dollars.\n","Commonwealth versus Polly Watkins (alias Dolly Freeman), 1827 April, includes two indictments, copy of record, recognizance, subpoenas, list of jurors, and other documents. Watkins was indicted for harboring a runaway slave named Rachel, the property of Christianna Holmes, and for feloniously carrying the same slave from Rockbridge County to Botetourt County. The copy of record includes depostions from witnesses on behalf of the Commonwealth, including the slave Rachel, who testified to how Watkins transported the slave to Boteourt County. She forged free papers for the slave and passed her off as a family member. Watkins was found not guilty for feloniously carrying the slave from Rockbridge County to Botetourt County, but was found guilty of harboring a slave. Watkins was fined ten dollars, but if she was unable to pay the fine, she was to be punished with ten lashes on her bare back at the public whipping post.\n","Peter Jordan vs. Thomas Gardner, 1846 September, was a civil suit in which Jordan sued Gardner for damages from an assault and battery. Gardner asked the court to dismiss the suit because Jordan was a slave and under the laws of Virginia could not sue a white man. The court ruled against Gardner and allowed the suit to continue. The suit originated out of a previous civil suit in which Gardner sued Jordan for slander and assault and battery. Jordan was found guilty and sentenced to ten lashes. \n","Court Records are useful when researching local history and genealogical information, particularly for African Americans. They are a valuable source of local, state, social, and legal history and serve as a primary source for understanding a locality's history.\n","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia\n","Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Washington and Lee University.","Rockbridge County (Va.) Superior Court of Law.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["0007348619\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Court Records, \n1822-1846"],"collection_title_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) 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(1 box)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged chronologically.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County was named for Natural Bridge, an exceptional rock formation located in the county. The county was formed from Augusta and Botetourt Counties in 1778, and another part of Botetourt was added in 1888. The county seat is the city of Lexington.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Rockbridge County was named for Natural Bridge, an exceptional rock formation located in the county. The county was formed from Augusta and Botetourt Counties in 1778, and another part of Botetourt was added in 1888. The county seat is the city of Lexington.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County (Va.) Court Records, 1822-1846. Local government records collection, Rockbridge County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Court Records, 1822-1846. Local government records collection, Rockbridge County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219.\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Rockbridge County Judgments and Commonwealth Causes are found at the Library of Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Rockbridge County Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia.  Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA249\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Rockbridge County Judgments and Commonwealth Causes are found at the Library of Virginia.\n","Additional Rockbridge County Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia.  Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County (Va.) Court Records, 1822-1846, consist of one civil suit and two commonwealth causes.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth versus Trustees of Washington College, 1822 August, includes information, bill of exceptions, subpoenas and other documents. The trustees were accused and found guilty of harboring a slave named Tamer, the property of Robert Douthat, without his consent and to the great detriment and annoyance of people in the neighborhood. The trustees were fined three dollars.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth versus Polly Watkins (alias Dolly Freeman), 1827 April, includes two indictments, copy of record, recognizance, subpoenas, list of jurors, and other documents. Watkins was indicted for harboring a runaway slave named Rachel, the property of Christianna Holmes, and for feloniously carrying the same slave from Rockbridge County to Botetourt County. The copy of record includes depostions from witnesses on behalf of the Commonwealth, including the slave Rachel, who testified to how Watkins transported the slave to Boteourt County. She forged free papers for the slave and passed her off as a family member. Watkins was found not guilty for feloniously carrying the slave from Rockbridge County to Botetourt County, but was found guilty of harboring a slave. Watkins was fined ten dollars, but if she was unable to pay the fine, she was to be punished with ten lashes on her bare back at the public whipping post.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeter Jordan vs. Thomas Gardner, 1846 September, was a civil suit in which Jordan sued Gardner for damages from an assault and battery. Gardner asked the court to dismiss the suit because Jordan was a slave and under the laws of Virginia could not sue a white man. The court ruled against Gardner and allowed the suit to continue. The suit originated out of a previous civil suit in which Gardner sued Jordan for slander and assault and battery. Jordan was found guilty and sentenced to ten lashes. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCourt Records are useful when researching local history and genealogical information, particularly for African Americans. They are a valuable source of local, state, social, and legal history and serve as a primary source for understanding a locality's history.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Court Records, 1822-1846, consist of one civil suit and two commonwealth causes.\n","Commonwealth versus Trustees of Washington College, 1822 August, includes information, bill of exceptions, subpoenas and other documents. The trustees were accused and found guilty of harboring a slave named Tamer, the property of Robert Douthat, without his consent and to the great detriment and annoyance of people in the neighborhood. The trustees were fined three dollars.\n","Commonwealth versus Polly Watkins (alias Dolly Freeman), 1827 April, includes two indictments, copy of record, recognizance, subpoenas, list of jurors, and other documents. Watkins was indicted for harboring a runaway slave named Rachel, the property of Christianna Holmes, and for feloniously carrying the same slave from Rockbridge County to Botetourt County. The copy of record includes depostions from witnesses on behalf of the Commonwealth, including the slave Rachel, who testified to how Watkins transported the slave to Boteourt County. She forged free papers for the slave and passed her off as a family member. Watkins was found not guilty for feloniously carrying the slave from Rockbridge County to Botetourt County, but was found guilty of harboring a slave. Watkins was fined ten dollars, but if she was unable to pay the fine, she was to be punished with ten lashes on her bare back at the public whipping post.\n","Peter Jordan vs. Thomas Gardner, 1846 September, was a civil suit in which Jordan sued Gardner for damages from an assault and battery. Gardner asked the court to dismiss the suit because Jordan was a slave and under the laws of Virginia could not sue a white man. The court ruled against Gardner and allowed the suit to continue. The suit originated out of a previous civil suit in which Gardner sued Jordan for slander and assault and battery. Jordan was found guilty and sentenced to ten lashes. \n","Court Records are useful when researching local history and genealogical information, particularly for African Americans. They are a valuable source of local, state, social, and legal history and serve as a primary source for understanding a locality's history.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Washington and Lee University.","Rockbridge County (Va.) Superior Court of Law."],"corpname_ssim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Washington and Lee University.","Rockbridge County (Va.) 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The minutes document the selection of candidates to run for local and state offices and the appointment of committee members for each election district in the county. The loose records are comprised of petitions, a notice encouraging Democratic voters to pay the poll tax before the upcoming election, resolutions pertaining to the selection of candidates and the management of elections, a sample ballot, undated; a pamphlet describing the primary plan adopted by the Democratic State convention at Richmond 1904 June 10, rules for the senatorial primary election to be held 1911 September 7, and a letter from the Virginia State Republican Committee, 1905 June 13, pertaining to plans to allow candidates of both parties to speak at the courthouse. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi04253#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi04253","ead_ssi":"vi_vi04253","_root_":"vi_vi04253","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi04253","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi04253.xml","title_ssm":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Democratic Executive Committee Records,       \n1901-1911"],"title_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Democratic Executive Committee Records,       \n1901-1911"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1110954"],"text":["1110954","Rockbridge County (Va.) Democratic Executive Committee Records,       \n1901-1911","Elections--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Political parties--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Poll tax--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Ballots--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Clippings (information artifacts)--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Election records--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Letters (correspondence)--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Minute books--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Local government records--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Organization records--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Pamphlets--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Petitions--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Resolutions--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","1 v. (152 p.)","There are no restrictions.\n","Rockbridge County was named for Natural Bridge, an exceptional formation located in the county. The county was formed from Augusta and Botetourt Counties in 1778, and another part of Botetourt was added later.\n","Rockbridge County (Va.) Democratic Executive Committee Records, 1901-1911, contain committee minutes, 1901-1904, and loose papers, 1901-1911. The minutes document the selection of candidates to run for local and state offices and the appointment of committee members for each election district in the county. The loose records are comprised of petitions, a notice encouraging Democratic voters to pay the poll tax before the upcoming election, resolutions pertaining to the selection of candidates and the management of elections, a sample ballot, undated; a pamphlet describing the primary plan adopted by the Democratic State convention at Richmond 1904 June 10, rules for the senatorial primary election to be held 1911 September 7, and a letter from the Virginia State Republican Committee, 1905 June 13, pertaining to plans to allow candidates of both parties to speak at the courthouse.\n","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia\n","Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Democratic Executive Committee (Rockbridge County, Va.)","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1110954"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Democratic Executive Committee Records,       \n1901-1911"],"collection_title_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) 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Contact Archives Research Services staff for access information, directions, and hours.\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Elections--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Political parties--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Poll tax--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Ballots--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Clippings (information artifacts)--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Election records--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Letters (correspondence)--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Minute books--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Local government records--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Organization records--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Pamphlets--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Petitions--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Resolutions--Virginia--Rockbridge County."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Elections--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Political parties--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Poll tax--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Ballots--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Clippings (information artifacts)--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Election records--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Letters (correspondence)--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Minute books--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Local government records--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Organization records--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Pamphlets--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Petitions--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Resolutions--Virginia--Rockbridge County."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["1 v. 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The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Democratic Executive Committee Records, 1901-1911. Local government records collection, Rockbridge County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County (Va.) Democratic Executive Committee Records, 1901-1911, contain committee minutes, 1901-1904, and loose papers, 1901-1911. The minutes document the selection of candidates to run for local and state offices and the appointment of committee members for each election district in the county. The loose records are comprised of petitions, a notice encouraging Democratic voters to pay the poll tax before the upcoming election, resolutions pertaining to the selection of candidates and the management of elections, a sample ballot, undated; a pamphlet describing the primary plan adopted by the Democratic State convention at Richmond 1904 June 10, rules for the senatorial primary election to be held 1911 September 7, and a letter from the Virginia State Republican Committee, 1905 June 13, pertaining to plans to allow candidates of both parties to speak at the courthouse.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Democratic Executive Committee Records, 1901-1911, contain committee minutes, 1901-1904, and loose papers, 1901-1911. The minutes document the selection of candidates to run for local and state offices and the appointment of committee members for each election district in the county. The loose records are comprised of petitions, a notice encouraging Democratic voters to pay the poll tax before the upcoming election, resolutions pertaining to the selection of candidates and the management of elections, a sample ballot, undated; a pamphlet describing the primary plan adopted by the Democratic State convention at Richmond 1904 June 10, rules for the senatorial primary election to be held 1911 September 7, and a letter from the Virginia State Republican Committee, 1905 June 13, pertaining to plans to allow candidates of both parties to speak at the courthouse.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) 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Democratic Executive Committee Records, 1901-1911, contain committee minutes, 1901-1904, and loose papers, 1901-1911. The minutes document the selection of candidates to run for local and state offices and the appointment of committee members for each election district in the county. The loose records are comprised of petitions, a notice encouraging Democratic voters to pay the poll tax before the upcoming election, resolutions pertaining to the selection of candidates and the management of elections, a sample ballot, undated; a pamphlet describing the primary plan adopted by the Democratic State convention at Richmond 1904 June 10, rules for the senatorial primary election to be held 1911 September 7, and a letter from the Virginia State Republican Committee, 1905 June 13, pertaining to plans to allow candidates of both parties to speak at the courthouse.\n","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia\n","Rockbridge County (Va.) 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(152 p.)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County was named for Natural Bridge, an exceptional formation located in the county. The county was formed from Augusta and Botetourt Counties in 1778, and another part of Botetourt was added later.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Rockbridge County was named for Natural Bridge, an exceptional formation located in the county. The county was formed from Augusta and Botetourt Counties in 1778, and another part of Botetourt was added later.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County (Va.) Democratic Executive Committee Records, 1901-1911. Local government records collection, Rockbridge County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Democratic Executive Committee Records, 1901-1911. Local government records collection, Rockbridge County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County (Va.) Democratic Executive Committee Records, 1901-1911, contain committee minutes, 1901-1904, and loose papers, 1901-1911. The minutes document the selection of candidates to run for local and state offices and the appointment of committee members for each election district in the county. The loose records are comprised of petitions, a notice encouraging Democratic voters to pay the poll tax before the upcoming election, resolutions pertaining to the selection of candidates and the management of elections, a sample ballot, undated; a pamphlet describing the primary plan adopted by the Democratic State convention at Richmond 1904 June 10, rules for the senatorial primary election to be held 1911 September 7, and a letter from the Virginia State Republican Committee, 1905 June 13, pertaining to plans to allow candidates of both parties to speak at the courthouse.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Democratic Executive Committee Records, 1901-1911, contain committee minutes, 1901-1904, and loose papers, 1901-1911. The minutes document the selection of candidates to run for local and state offices and the appointment of committee members for each election district in the county. The loose records are comprised of petitions, a notice encouraging Democratic voters to pay the poll tax before the upcoming election, resolutions pertaining to the selection of candidates and the management of elections, a sample ballot, undated; a pamphlet describing the primary plan adopted by the Democratic State convention at Richmond 1904 June 10, rules for the senatorial primary election to be held 1911 September 7, and a letter from the Virginia State Republican Committee, 1905 June 13, pertaining to plans to allow candidates of both parties to speak at the courthouse.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) 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Executor of Hugh Adams vs. Legatees of Hugh Adams, 1860. The cause concerns the settlement of the estate of Hugh Adams and his wish that his slaves be emancipated, his estate sold, and the proceeds used to transport the emancipated slaves to Liberia. Other smaller bequests in his will were for various family members. The majority of the suit is composed of estate accounts as the executor tried to settle the estate and encountered various difficulties in his attempt to carry out the intent of Adams's will. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02786#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi02786","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02786","_root_":"vi_vi02786","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02786","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02786.xml","title_ssm":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Executor of Hugh Adams vs. Legatees of Hugh Adams, \n1860"],"title_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Executor of Hugh Adams vs. Legatees of Hugh Adams, \n1860"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1860-065\n"],"text":["1860-065\n","Rockbridge County (Va.) Executor of Hugh Adams vs. Legatees of Hugh Adams, \n1860","Decedents' estates -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County. ","Free African Americans. -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County. ","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County. ","Slaves -- Emancipation -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County. ","Accounts -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County. ","Chancery causes -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County. ","Judicial records -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County. ","Letters (correspondence) -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County. ","0.25 cu. ft. (3 folders) and digital images.","There are no restrictions.\n","Rockbridge County was named for Natural Bridge, an exceptional rock formation located in the county. The county was formed from Augusta and Botetourt counties in 1778, and another part of Botetourt was added later. \n","Chancery Causes are cases of equity. According to Black's Law Dictionary they are \"administered according to fairness as contrasted with the strictly formulated rules of common law.\" A judge, not a jury, determines the outcome of the case.\n","Rockbridge County (Va.) Executor of Hugh Adams vs. Legatees of Hugh Adams, 1860. The cause concerns the settlement of the estate of Hugh Adams and his wish that his slaves be emancipated, his estate sold, and the proceeds used to transport the emancipated slaves to Liberia. Other smaller bequests in his will were for various family members. The majority of the suit is composed of estate accounts as the executor tried to settle the estate and encountered various difficulties in his attempt to carry out the intent of Adams's will. \n","Slaves named in the bill as defendants or beneficiaries of the will include Narcissa Magdalene, Rosa, Henry, Mary, Isabella, Susan, Edmonia, Sarah, Alla Jane, John, Jenny Linn, Howard, Eliza, Andrew, Joshua, George, Joe, and Sylla. ","Included in the suit is a letter from Rosannah Brown who wrote to her former master Adams from the town of Clay-Ashland in Liberia. In the letter dated 1857 Aug. 17, Rosannah stated that Narcissa Magdalene is dead, that Lissey is going to school and learns quickly, and that they have been able to grow sweet potates, rice, corn, \"casada\" (possibly casaba melon?), coffee, sugar cane, and a great many other things.\n","Patrons are to use digital images of Rockbridge County Chancery Causes found on the Chancery Records Index available electronically at the website of the Library of Virginia. \n","Library of Virginia\n","Rockbridge County (Va.). Circuit Court. ","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1860-065\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Executor of Hugh Adams vs. Legatees of Hugh Adams, \n1860"],"collection_title_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Executor of Hugh Adams vs. Legatees of Hugh Adams, \n1860"],"collection_ssim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) 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(3 folders) and digital images."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County was named for Natural Bridge, an exceptional rock formation located in the county. The county was formed from Augusta and Botetourt counties in 1778, and another part of Botetourt was added later. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChancery Causes are cases of equity. According to Black's Law Dictionary they are \"administered according to fairness as contrasted with the strictly formulated rules of common law.\" A judge, not a jury, determines the outcome of the case.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Rockbridge County was named for Natural Bridge, an exceptional rock formation located in the county. The county was formed from Augusta and Botetourt counties in 1778, and another part of Botetourt was added later. \n","Chancery Causes are cases of equity. According to Black's Law Dictionary they are \"administered according to fairness as contrasted with the strictly formulated rules of common law.\" A judge, not a jury, determines the outcome of the case.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County (Va.) Executor of Hugh Adams vs. Legatees of Hugh Adams, 1860. Rockbridge County (Va.) Chancery Cause 1860-065. Local government records collection, Rockbridge County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Executor of Hugh Adams vs. Legatees of Hugh Adams, 1860. Rockbridge County (Va.) Chancery Cause 1860-065. Local government records collection, Rockbridge County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219. \n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County (Va.) Executor of Hugh Adams vs. Legatees of Hugh Adams, 1860. The cause concerns the settlement of the estate of Hugh Adams and his wish that his slaves be emancipated, his estate sold, and the proceeds used to transport the emancipated slaves to Liberia. Other smaller bequests in his will were for various family members. The majority of the suit is composed of estate accounts as the executor tried to settle the estate and encountered various difficulties in his attempt to carry out the intent of Adams's will. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSlaves named in the bill as defendants or beneficiaries of the will include Narcissa Magdalene, Rosa, Henry, Mary, Isabella, Susan, Edmonia, Sarah, Alla Jane, John, Jenny Linn, Howard, Eliza, Andrew, Joshua, George, Joe, and Sylla. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncluded in the suit is a letter from Rosannah Brown who wrote to her former master Adams from the town of Clay-Ashland in Liberia. In the letter dated 1857 Aug. 17, Rosannah stated that Narcissa Magdalene is dead, that Lissey is going to school and learns quickly, and that they have been able to grow sweet potates, rice, corn, \"casada\" (possibly casaba melon?), coffee, sugar cane, and a great many other things.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Executor of Hugh Adams vs. Legatees of Hugh Adams, 1860. The cause concerns the settlement of the estate of Hugh Adams and his wish that his slaves be emancipated, his estate sold, and the proceeds used to transport the emancipated slaves to Liberia. Other smaller bequests in his will were for various family members. The majority of the suit is composed of estate accounts as the executor tried to settle the estate and encountered various difficulties in his attempt to carry out the intent of Adams's will. \n","Slaves named in the bill as defendants or beneficiaries of the will include Narcissa Magdalene, Rosa, Henry, Mary, Isabella, Susan, Edmonia, Sarah, Alla Jane, John, Jenny Linn, Howard, Eliza, Andrew, Joshua, George, Joe, and Sylla. ","Included in the suit is a letter from Rosannah Brown who wrote to her former master Adams from the town of Clay-Ashland in Liberia. In the letter dated 1857 Aug. 17, Rosannah stated that Narcissa Magdalene is dead, that Lissey is going to school and learns quickly, and that they have been able to grow sweet potates, rice, corn, \"casada\" (possibly casaba melon?), coffee, sugar cane, and a great many other things.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePatrons are to use digital images of Rockbridge County Chancery Causes found on the Chancery Records Index available electronically at the website of the Library of Virginia. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["Patrons are to use digital images of Rockbridge County Chancery Causes found on the Chancery Records Index available electronically at the website of the Library of Virginia. \n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Rockbridge County (Va.). Circuit Court. 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","Slaves -- Emancipation -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County. ","Accounts -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County. ","Chancery causes -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County. ","Judicial records -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County. ","Letters (correspondence) -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County. ","0.25 cu. ft. (3 folders) and digital images.","There are no restrictions.\n","Rockbridge County was named for Natural Bridge, an exceptional rock formation located in the county. The county was formed from Augusta and Botetourt counties in 1778, and another part of Botetourt was added later. \n","Chancery Causes are cases of equity. According to Black's Law Dictionary they are \"administered according to fairness as contrasted with the strictly formulated rules of common law.\" A judge, not a jury, determines the outcome of the case.\n","Rockbridge County (Va.) Executor of Hugh Adams vs. Legatees of Hugh Adams, 1860. The cause concerns the settlement of the estate of Hugh Adams and his wish that his slaves be emancipated, his estate sold, and the proceeds used to transport the emancipated slaves to Liberia. Other smaller bequests in his will were for various family members. The majority of the suit is composed of estate accounts as the executor tried to settle the estate and encountered various difficulties in his attempt to carry out the intent of Adams's will. \n","Slaves named in the bill as defendants or beneficiaries of the will include Narcissa Magdalene, Rosa, Henry, Mary, Isabella, Susan, Edmonia, Sarah, Alla Jane, John, Jenny Linn, Howard, Eliza, Andrew, Joshua, George, Joe, and Sylla. ","Included in the suit is a letter from Rosannah Brown who wrote to her former master Adams from the town of Clay-Ashland in Liberia. In the letter dated 1857 Aug. 17, Rosannah stated that Narcissa Magdalene is dead, that Lissey is going to school and learns quickly, and that they have been able to grow sweet potates, rice, corn, \"casada\" (possibly casaba melon?), coffee, sugar cane, and a great many other things.\n","Patrons are to use digital images of Rockbridge County Chancery Causes found on the Chancery Records Index available electronically at the website of the Library of Virginia. \n","Library of Virginia\n","Rockbridge County (Va.). Circuit Court. ","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1860-065\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Executor of Hugh Adams vs. Legatees of Hugh Adams, \n1860"],"collection_title_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Executor of Hugh Adams vs. Legatees of Hugh Adams, \n1860"],"collection_ssim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Executor of Hugh Adams vs. Legatees of Hugh Adams, \n1860"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This item came to the Library of Virginia in shipments of court papers from Rockbridge County. Digital images were generated by Crowley Micrographics through the Library of Virginia's Circuit Court Records Preservation Program. The Chancery Records Index and images for Rockbridge County Chancery Causes are available electronically at the web site of the Library of Virginia. \n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Decedents' estates -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County. ","Free African Americans. -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County. ","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County. ","Slaves -- Emancipation -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County. ","Accounts -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County. ","Chancery causes -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County. ","Judicial records -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County. ","Letters (correspondence) -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County. "],"access_subjects_ssm":["Decedents' estates -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County. ","Free African Americans. -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County. ","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County. ","Slaves -- Emancipation -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County. ","Accounts -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County. ","Chancery causes -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County. ","Judicial records -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County. ","Letters (correspondence) -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County. "],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["0.25 cu. ft. (3 folders) and digital images."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County was named for Natural Bridge, an exceptional rock formation located in the county. The county was formed from Augusta and Botetourt counties in 1778, and another part of Botetourt was added later. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChancery Causes are cases of equity. According to Black's Law Dictionary they are \"administered according to fairness as contrasted with the strictly formulated rules of common law.\" A judge, not a jury, determines the outcome of the case.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Rockbridge County was named for Natural Bridge, an exceptional rock formation located in the county. The county was formed from Augusta and Botetourt counties in 1778, and another part of Botetourt was added later. \n","Chancery Causes are cases of equity. According to Black's Law Dictionary they are \"administered according to fairness as contrasted with the strictly formulated rules of common law.\" A judge, not a jury, determines the outcome of the case.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County (Va.) Executor of Hugh Adams vs. Legatees of Hugh Adams, 1860. Rockbridge County (Va.) Chancery Cause 1860-065. Local government records collection, Rockbridge County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Executor of Hugh Adams vs. Legatees of Hugh Adams, 1860. Rockbridge County (Va.) Chancery Cause 1860-065. Local government records collection, Rockbridge County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219. \n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County (Va.) Executor of Hugh Adams vs. Legatees of Hugh Adams, 1860. The cause concerns the settlement of the estate of Hugh Adams and his wish that his slaves be emancipated, his estate sold, and the proceeds used to transport the emancipated slaves to Liberia. Other smaller bequests in his will were for various family members. The majority of the suit is composed of estate accounts as the executor tried to settle the estate and encountered various difficulties in his attempt to carry out the intent of Adams's will. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSlaves named in the bill as defendants or beneficiaries of the will include Narcissa Magdalene, Rosa, Henry, Mary, Isabella, Susan, Edmonia, Sarah, Alla Jane, John, Jenny Linn, Howard, Eliza, Andrew, Joshua, George, Joe, and Sylla. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncluded in the suit is a letter from Rosannah Brown who wrote to her former master Adams from the town of Clay-Ashland in Liberia. In the letter dated 1857 Aug. 17, Rosannah stated that Narcissa Magdalene is dead, that Lissey is going to school and learns quickly, and that they have been able to grow sweet potates, rice, corn, \"casada\" (possibly casaba melon?), coffee, sugar cane, and a great many other things.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Executor of Hugh Adams vs. Legatees of Hugh Adams, 1860. The cause concerns the settlement of the estate of Hugh Adams and his wish that his slaves be emancipated, his estate sold, and the proceeds used to transport the emancipated slaves to Liberia. Other smaller bequests in his will were for various family members. The majority of the suit is composed of estate accounts as the executor tried to settle the estate and encountered various difficulties in his attempt to carry out the intent of Adams's will. \n","Slaves named in the bill as defendants or beneficiaries of the will include Narcissa Magdalene, Rosa, Henry, Mary, Isabella, Susan, Edmonia, Sarah, Alla Jane, John, Jenny Linn, Howard, Eliza, Andrew, Joshua, George, Joe, and Sylla. ","Included in the suit is a letter from Rosannah Brown who wrote to her former master Adams from the town of Clay-Ashland in Liberia. In the letter dated 1857 Aug. 17, Rosannah stated that Narcissa Magdalene is dead, that Lissey is going to school and learns quickly, and that they have been able to grow sweet potates, rice, corn, \"casada\" (possibly casaba melon?), coffee, sugar cane, and a great many other things.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePatrons are to use digital images of Rockbridge County Chancery Causes found on the Chancery Records Index available electronically at the website of the Library of Virginia. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["Patrons are to use digital images of Rockbridge County Chancery Causes found on the Chancery Records Index available electronically at the website of the Library of Virginia. \n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Rockbridge County (Va.). Circuit Court. "],"corpname_ssim":["Rockbridge County (Va.). Circuit Court. "],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T10:32:42.779Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02786"}},{"id":"vi_vi02308","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Rockbridge County  (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records,       \n1836-1864","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02308#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02308#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records, 1836-1864. The collection is comprised of free negro registrations, 1836-1860; applications and petitions to remain in the state, 1841-1855; petitions for voluntary reduction to slavery, 1859-1862; a photocopy of the index to register of free negroes, 1831-1860; and various free negro and slave records, 1849-1864. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02308#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi02308","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02308","_root_":"vi_vi02308","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02308","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02308.xml","title_ssm":["Rockbridge County  (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records,       \n1836-1864"],"title_tesim":["Rockbridge County  (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records,       \n1836-1864"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1138033\n"],"text":["1138033\n","Rockbridge County  (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records,       \n1836-1864","African Americans--Employment--Rockbridge County (Va.)--Civil War, 1861-1865.","Free African Americans--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Liberian American families--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Requisitions, Military--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Slaves--Emancipation--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Slaveholders--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Bills of sale for slaves--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Contracts--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Free negro and slave records--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Free negro registrations--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Fugitive slaves--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Letters (correspondence)--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Local government records--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Petitions--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Receipts (financial records)--Virginia--Rockbridge County.",".225 cu. ft. (1 box)","There are no restrictions.\n","Rockbridge County was formed in 1778 from Augusta and Botetourt Counties. An additional part of Botetourt County was added in 1785.","An act passed by the Virginia legislature in 1803 required every free negro or mulatto to be registered and numbered in a book to be kept by the county clerk. The register listed the age, name, color, stature, marks or scars, in what court the person was emancipated or whether the person was born free. Some clerks recorded additional information not required by the law.","In 1806, the General Assembly moved to remove the free Negro population from Virginia with a law that stated that all emancipated slaves, freed after May 1, 1806, who remained in the Commonwealth more than a year, would forfeit their right to freedom and be sold by the Overseers of the Poor for the benefit of the parish. Families wishing to stay were to petition the legislature through the local county court. Beginning in 1837, freed slaves could petition the local courts for permission to remain.","Additional Rockbridge County Free Negro and Slave Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Rockbridge County (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records, 1836-1864. The collection is comprised of free negro registrations, 1836-1860; applications and petitions to remain in the state, 1841-1855; petitions for voluntary reduction to slavery, 1859-1862; a photocopy of the index to register of free negroes, 1831-1860; and various free negro and slave records, 1849-1864.\n","Free negro registrations document the name, age, physical appearance, and circumstances of free birth or emancipation of free African Americans living in Rockbridge County between 1836 and 1860.\n","Applications and petitions to remain in the state contain the petition, sometimes supporting lists of names from citizens, and other paperwork related to various requests by emancipated slaves to remain in Virginia. One petition from 1855 is a list of citizens requesting that no emancipated slaves be allowed to remain due to the effect it may have on their slaves.\n","Petitions for voluntary reduction to slavery are requests from free persons of color to be enslaved and names the person they choose to be their master. Accompanying paperwork sometimes includes a copy of their free negro registration papers.\n","Index to the register of free negroes is a photocopy of the index found with the volume of Register of Free Negroes, 1831-1860.\n","Various free negro and slave records include: records documenting the emigration of the Othello Richards family and others from Rockbridge County to Liberia in 1850. These records are comprised of a letter requesting documentation of the free status of the emigrants (Othello Richards, his wife Mary and her child, Fanny Alexander, and her two young children), and a court record certifying their free status. Also included are a power of attorney and bills of sale documenting Othello Richards' purchase of his wife Mary and her child and four other individuals in 1849 and 1850. The letter is from R.W. Bailey, an agent who accompanied the emigrants to Liberia.\n","Also included are a letter to the jailor of Carroll County requesting the return of slave Hiram who has run away from Messrs. Lowe and Simmons of Georgia, 1851; a receipt for the sale of a woman and child from William H. Williams to E.C. Corbett, 1851; contracts for slave hires, 1862-1864; and two letters and a petition, 1864, pertaining to the requisition of slaves for work on the fortifications near Richmond, 1863-1864. The petition questions the free status of William Howard and requests that he be requisitioned as a slave to work on fortifications in Richmond.\n","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia\n","Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Richards, Othello.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1138033\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Rockbridge County  (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records,       \n1836-1864"],"collection_title_tesim":["Rockbridge County  (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records,       \n1836-1864"],"collection_ssim":["Rockbridge County  (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records,       \n1836-1864"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in transfers of court papers from Rockbridge County. \n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans--Employment--Rockbridge County (Va.)--Civil War, 1861-1865.","Free African Americans--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Liberian American families--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Requisitions, Military--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Slaves--Emancipation--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Slaveholders--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Bills of sale for slaves--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Contracts--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Free negro and slave records--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Free negro registrations--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Fugitive slaves--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Letters (correspondence)--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Local government records--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Petitions--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Receipts (financial records)--Virginia--Rockbridge County."],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans--Employment--Rockbridge County (Va.)--Civil War, 1861-1865.","Free African Americans--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Liberian American families--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Requisitions, Military--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Slaves--Emancipation--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Slaveholders--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Bills of sale for slaves--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Contracts--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Free negro and slave records--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Free negro registrations--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Fugitive slaves--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Letters (correspondence)--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Local government records--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Petitions--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Receipts (financial records)--Virginia--Rockbridge County."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":[".225 cu. ft. (1 box)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County was formed in 1778 from Augusta and Botetourt Counties. An additional part of Botetourt County was added in 1785.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn act passed by the Virginia legislature in 1803 required every free negro or mulatto to be registered and numbered in a book to be kept by the county clerk. The register listed the age, name, color, stature, marks or scars, in what court the person was emancipated or whether the person was born free. Some clerks recorded additional information not required by the law.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1806, the General Assembly moved to remove the free Negro population from Virginia with a law that stated that all emancipated slaves, freed after May 1, 1806, who remained in the Commonwealth more than a year, would forfeit their right to freedom and be sold by the Overseers of the Poor for the benefit of the parish. Families wishing to stay were to petition the legislature through the local county court. Beginning in 1837, freed slaves could petition the local courts for permission to remain.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Rockbridge County was formed in 1778 from Augusta and Botetourt Counties. An additional part of Botetourt County was added in 1785.","An act passed by the Virginia legislature in 1803 required every free negro or mulatto to be registered and numbered in a book to be kept by the county clerk. The register listed the age, name, color, stature, marks or scars, in what court the person was emancipated or whether the person was born free. Some clerks recorded additional information not required by the law.","In 1806, the General Assembly moved to remove the free Negro population from Virginia with a law that stated that all emancipated slaves, freed after May 1, 1806, who remained in the Commonwealth more than a year, would forfeit their right to freedom and be sold by the Overseers of the Poor for the benefit of the parish. Families wishing to stay were to petition the legislature through the local county court. Beginning in 1837, freed slaves could petition the local courts for permission to remain."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records, 1836-1864. Local government records collection, Rockbridge County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records, 1836-1864. Local government records collection, Rockbridge County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Rockbridge County Free Negro and Slave Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA249\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Rockbridge County Free Negro and Slave Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records, 1836-1864. The collection is comprised of free negro registrations, 1836-1860; applications and petitions to remain in the state, 1841-1855; petitions for voluntary reduction to slavery, 1859-1862; a photocopy of the index to register of free negroes, 1831-1860; and various free negro and slave records, 1849-1864.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFree negro registrations document the name, age, physical appearance, and circumstances of free birth or emancipation of free African Americans living in Rockbridge County between 1836 and 1860.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApplications and petitions to remain in the state contain the petition, sometimes supporting lists of names from citizens, and other paperwork related to various requests by emancipated slaves to remain in Virginia. One petition from 1855 is a list of citizens requesting that no emancipated slaves be allowed to remain due to the effect it may have on their slaves.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePetitions for voluntary reduction to slavery are requests from free persons of color to be enslaved and names the person they choose to be their master. Accompanying paperwork sometimes includes a copy of their free negro registration papers.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIndex to the register of free negroes is a photocopy of the index found with the volume of Register of Free Negroes, 1831-1860.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVarious free negro and slave records include: records documenting the emigration of the Othello Richards family and others from Rockbridge County to Liberia in 1850. These records are comprised of a letter requesting documentation of the free status of the emigrants (Othello Richards, his wife Mary and her child, Fanny Alexander, and her two young children), and a court record certifying their free status. Also included are a power of attorney and bills of sale documenting Othello Richards' purchase of his wife Mary and her child and four other individuals in 1849 and 1850. The letter is from R.W. Bailey, an agent who accompanied the emigrants to Liberia.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlso included are a letter to the jailor of Carroll County requesting the return of slave Hiram who has run away from Messrs. Lowe and Simmons of Georgia, 1851; a receipt for the sale of a woman and child from William H. Williams to E.C. Corbett, 1851; contracts for slave hires, 1862-1864; and two letters and a petition, 1864, pertaining to the requisition of slaves for work on the fortifications near Richmond, 1863-1864. The petition questions the free status of William Howard and requests that he be requisitioned as a slave to work on fortifications in Richmond.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records, 1836-1864. The collection is comprised of free negro registrations, 1836-1860; applications and petitions to remain in the state, 1841-1855; petitions for voluntary reduction to slavery, 1859-1862; a photocopy of the index to register of free negroes, 1831-1860; and various free negro and slave records, 1849-1864.\n","Free negro registrations document the name, age, physical appearance, and circumstances of free birth or emancipation of free African Americans living in Rockbridge County between 1836 and 1860.\n","Applications and petitions to remain in the state contain the petition, sometimes supporting lists of names from citizens, and other paperwork related to various requests by emancipated slaves to remain in Virginia. One petition from 1855 is a list of citizens requesting that no emancipated slaves be allowed to remain due to the effect it may have on their slaves.\n","Petitions for voluntary reduction to slavery are requests from free persons of color to be enslaved and names the person they choose to be their master. Accompanying paperwork sometimes includes a copy of their free negro registration papers.\n","Index to the register of free negroes is a photocopy of the index found with the volume of Register of Free Negroes, 1831-1860.\n","Various free negro and slave records include: records documenting the emigration of the Othello Richards family and others from Rockbridge County to Liberia in 1850. These records are comprised of a letter requesting documentation of the free status of the emigrants (Othello Richards, his wife Mary and her child, Fanny Alexander, and her two young children), and a court record certifying their free status. Also included are a power of attorney and bills of sale documenting Othello Richards' purchase of his wife Mary and her child and four other individuals in 1849 and 1850. The letter is from R.W. Bailey, an agent who accompanied the emigrants to Liberia.\n","Also included are a letter to the jailor of Carroll County requesting the return of slave Hiram who has run away from Messrs. Lowe and Simmons of Georgia, 1851; a receipt for the sale of a woman and child from William H. Williams to E.C. Corbett, 1851; contracts for slave hires, 1862-1864; and two letters and a petition, 1864, pertaining to the requisition of slaves for work on the fortifications near Richmond, 1863-1864. The petition questions the free status of William Howard and requests that he be requisitioned as a slave to work on fortifications in Richmond.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Richards, Othello."],"corpname_ssim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"persname_ssim":["Richards, Othello."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T11:08:31.826Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi02308","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02308","_root_":"vi_vi02308","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02308","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02308.xml","title_ssm":["Rockbridge County  (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records,       \n1836-1864"],"title_tesim":["Rockbridge County  (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records,       \n1836-1864"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1138033\n"],"text":["1138033\n","Rockbridge County  (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records,       \n1836-1864","African Americans--Employment--Rockbridge County (Va.)--Civil War, 1861-1865.","Free African Americans--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Liberian American families--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Requisitions, Military--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Slaves--Emancipation--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Slaveholders--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Bills of sale for slaves--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Contracts--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Free negro and slave records--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Free negro registrations--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Fugitive slaves--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Letters (correspondence)--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Local government records--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Petitions--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Receipts (financial records)--Virginia--Rockbridge County.",".225 cu. ft. (1 box)","There are no restrictions.\n","Rockbridge County was formed in 1778 from Augusta and Botetourt Counties. An additional part of Botetourt County was added in 1785.","An act passed by the Virginia legislature in 1803 required every free negro or mulatto to be registered and numbered in a book to be kept by the county clerk. The register listed the age, name, color, stature, marks or scars, in what court the person was emancipated or whether the person was born free. Some clerks recorded additional information not required by the law.","In 1806, the General Assembly moved to remove the free Negro population from Virginia with a law that stated that all emancipated slaves, freed after May 1, 1806, who remained in the Commonwealth more than a year, would forfeit their right to freedom and be sold by the Overseers of the Poor for the benefit of the parish. Families wishing to stay were to petition the legislature through the local county court. Beginning in 1837, freed slaves could petition the local courts for permission to remain.","Additional Rockbridge County Free Negro and Slave Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Rockbridge County (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records, 1836-1864. The collection is comprised of free negro registrations, 1836-1860; applications and petitions to remain in the state, 1841-1855; petitions for voluntary reduction to slavery, 1859-1862; a photocopy of the index to register of free negroes, 1831-1860; and various free negro and slave records, 1849-1864.\n","Free negro registrations document the name, age, physical appearance, and circumstances of free birth or emancipation of free African Americans living in Rockbridge County between 1836 and 1860.\n","Applications and petitions to remain in the state contain the petition, sometimes supporting lists of names from citizens, and other paperwork related to various requests by emancipated slaves to remain in Virginia. One petition from 1855 is a list of citizens requesting that no emancipated slaves be allowed to remain due to the effect it may have on their slaves.\n","Petitions for voluntary reduction to slavery are requests from free persons of color to be enslaved and names the person they choose to be their master. Accompanying paperwork sometimes includes a copy of their free negro registration papers.\n","Index to the register of free negroes is a photocopy of the index found with the volume of Register of Free Negroes, 1831-1860.\n","Various free negro and slave records include: records documenting the emigration of the Othello Richards family and others from Rockbridge County to Liberia in 1850. These records are comprised of a letter requesting documentation of the free status of the emigrants (Othello Richards, his wife Mary and her child, Fanny Alexander, and her two young children), and a court record certifying their free status. Also included are a power of attorney and bills of sale documenting Othello Richards' purchase of his wife Mary and her child and four other individuals in 1849 and 1850. The letter is from R.W. Bailey, an agent who accompanied the emigrants to Liberia.\n","Also included are a letter to the jailor of Carroll County requesting the return of slave Hiram who has run away from Messrs. Lowe and Simmons of Georgia, 1851; a receipt for the sale of a woman and child from William H. Williams to E.C. Corbett, 1851; contracts for slave hires, 1862-1864; and two letters and a petition, 1864, pertaining to the requisition of slaves for work on the fortifications near Richmond, 1863-1864. The petition questions the free status of William Howard and requests that he be requisitioned as a slave to work on fortifications in Richmond.\n","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia\n","Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Richards, Othello.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1138033\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Rockbridge County  (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records,       \n1836-1864"],"collection_title_tesim":["Rockbridge County  (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records,       \n1836-1864"],"collection_ssim":["Rockbridge County  (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records,       \n1836-1864"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in transfers of court papers from Rockbridge County. \n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans--Employment--Rockbridge County (Va.)--Civil War, 1861-1865.","Free African Americans--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Liberian American families--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Requisitions, Military--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Slaves--Emancipation--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Slaveholders--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Bills of sale for slaves--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Contracts--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Free negro and slave records--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Free negro registrations--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Fugitive slaves--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Letters (correspondence)--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Local government records--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Petitions--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Receipts (financial records)--Virginia--Rockbridge County."],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans--Employment--Rockbridge County (Va.)--Civil War, 1861-1865.","Free African Americans--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Liberian American families--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Requisitions, Military--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Slaves--Emancipation--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Slaveholders--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Bills of sale for slaves--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Contracts--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Free negro and slave records--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Free negro registrations--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Fugitive slaves--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Letters (correspondence)--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Local government records--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Petitions--Virginia--Rockbridge County.","Receipts (financial records)--Virginia--Rockbridge County."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":[".225 cu. ft. (1 box)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County was formed in 1778 from Augusta and Botetourt Counties. An additional part of Botetourt County was added in 1785.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn act passed by the Virginia legislature in 1803 required every free negro or mulatto to be registered and numbered in a book to be kept by the county clerk. The register listed the age, name, color, stature, marks or scars, in what court the person was emancipated or whether the person was born free. Some clerks recorded additional information not required by the law.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1806, the General Assembly moved to remove the free Negro population from Virginia with a law that stated that all emancipated slaves, freed after May 1, 1806, who remained in the Commonwealth more than a year, would forfeit their right to freedom and be sold by the Overseers of the Poor for the benefit of the parish. Families wishing to stay were to petition the legislature through the local county court. Beginning in 1837, freed slaves could petition the local courts for permission to remain.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Rockbridge County was formed in 1778 from Augusta and Botetourt Counties. An additional part of Botetourt County was added in 1785.","An act passed by the Virginia legislature in 1803 required every free negro or mulatto to be registered and numbered in a book to be kept by the county clerk. The register listed the age, name, color, stature, marks or scars, in what court the person was emancipated or whether the person was born free. Some clerks recorded additional information not required by the law.","In 1806, the General Assembly moved to remove the free Negro population from Virginia with a law that stated that all emancipated slaves, freed after May 1, 1806, who remained in the Commonwealth more than a year, would forfeit their right to freedom and be sold by the Overseers of the Poor for the benefit of the parish. Families wishing to stay were to petition the legislature through the local county court. Beginning in 1837, freed slaves could petition the local courts for permission to remain."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records, 1836-1864. Local government records collection, Rockbridge County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records, 1836-1864. Local government records collection, Rockbridge County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Rockbridge County Free Negro and Slave Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA249\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Rockbridge County Free Negro and Slave Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records, 1836-1864. The collection is comprised of free negro registrations, 1836-1860; applications and petitions to remain in the state, 1841-1855; petitions for voluntary reduction to slavery, 1859-1862; a photocopy of the index to register of free negroes, 1831-1860; and various free negro and slave records, 1849-1864.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFree negro registrations document the name, age, physical appearance, and circumstances of free birth or emancipation of free African Americans living in Rockbridge County between 1836 and 1860.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApplications and petitions to remain in the state contain the petition, sometimes supporting lists of names from citizens, and other paperwork related to various requests by emancipated slaves to remain in Virginia. One petition from 1855 is a list of citizens requesting that no emancipated slaves be allowed to remain due to the effect it may have on their slaves.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePetitions for voluntary reduction to slavery are requests from free persons of color to be enslaved and names the person they choose to be their master. Accompanying paperwork sometimes includes a copy of their free negro registration papers.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIndex to the register of free negroes is a photocopy of the index found with the volume of Register of Free Negroes, 1831-1860.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVarious free negro and slave records include: records documenting the emigration of the Othello Richards family and others from Rockbridge County to Liberia in 1850. These records are comprised of a letter requesting documentation of the free status of the emigrants (Othello Richards, his wife Mary and her child, Fanny Alexander, and her two young children), and a court record certifying their free status. Also included are a power of attorney and bills of sale documenting Othello Richards' purchase of his wife Mary and her child and four other individuals in 1849 and 1850. The letter is from R.W. Bailey, an agent who accompanied the emigrants to Liberia.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlso included are a letter to the jailor of Carroll County requesting the return of slave Hiram who has run away from Messrs. Lowe and Simmons of Georgia, 1851; a receipt for the sale of a woman and child from William H. Williams to E.C. Corbett, 1851; contracts for slave hires, 1862-1864; and two letters and a petition, 1864, pertaining to the requisition of slaves for work on the fortifications near Richmond, 1863-1864. The petition questions the free status of William Howard and requests that he be requisitioned as a slave to work on fortifications in Richmond.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records, 1836-1864. The collection is comprised of free negro registrations, 1836-1860; applications and petitions to remain in the state, 1841-1855; petitions for voluntary reduction to slavery, 1859-1862; a photocopy of the index to register of free negroes, 1831-1860; and various free negro and slave records, 1849-1864.\n","Free negro registrations document the name, age, physical appearance, and circumstances of free birth or emancipation of free African Americans living in Rockbridge County between 1836 and 1860.\n","Applications and petitions to remain in the state contain the petition, sometimes supporting lists of names from citizens, and other paperwork related to various requests by emancipated slaves to remain in Virginia. One petition from 1855 is a list of citizens requesting that no emancipated slaves be allowed to remain due to the effect it may have on their slaves.\n","Petitions for voluntary reduction to slavery are requests from free persons of color to be enslaved and names the person they choose to be their master. Accompanying paperwork sometimes includes a copy of their free negro registration papers.\n","Index to the register of free negroes is a photocopy of the index found with the volume of Register of Free Negroes, 1831-1860.\n","Various free negro and slave records include: records documenting the emigration of the Othello Richards family and others from Rockbridge County to Liberia in 1850. These records are comprised of a letter requesting documentation of the free status of the emigrants (Othello Richards, his wife Mary and her child, Fanny Alexander, and her two young children), and a court record certifying their free status. Also included are a power of attorney and bills of sale documenting Othello Richards' purchase of his wife Mary and her child and four other individuals in 1849 and 1850. The letter is from R.W. Bailey, an agent who accompanied the emigrants to Liberia.\n","Also included are a letter to the jailor of Carroll County requesting the return of slave Hiram who has run away from Messrs. Lowe and Simmons of Georgia, 1851; a receipt for the sale of a woman and child from William H. Williams to E.C. Corbett, 1851; contracts for slave hires, 1862-1864; and two letters and a petition, 1864, pertaining to the requisition of slaves for work on the fortifications near Richmond, 1863-1864. The petition questions the free status of William Howard and requests that he be requisitioned as a slave to work on fortifications in Richmond.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Richards, Othello."],"corpname_ssim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"persname_ssim":["Richards, Othello."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T11:08:31.826Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02308"}},{"id":"vi_vi03628","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Rockbridge County (Va.) Judgments (Freedom Suits), \n1809-1854","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03628#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03628#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County (Va.) Judgments (Freedom Suits), 1809-1854, consist of suits initiated by slaves seeking to gain their freedom on the law side of the court. Cases are identified by style of suit consisting of plaintiff and defendant names. Surnames of others involved in a suit, including secondary plaintiffs and defendants, witnesses, deponents and affiants, and family members with surnames different from the plaintiff or defendant are indexed. Also identified are names of slaves and slaveowners found in suit as well as whether slave(s) won their freedom. Predominant documents found in freedom suits include petitions, records of suits, depositions, affidavits, wills, among other items. Information found in documents include slave's argument for freedom, acquisition of slaves by slaveowners, slave ancestry, and relationship between slaves and slaveowners. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03628#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi03628","ead_ssi":"vi_vi03628","_root_":"vi_vi03628","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi03628","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi03628.xml","title_ssm":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Judgments (Freedom Suits), \n1809-1854"],"title_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Judgments (Freedom Suits), \n1809-1854"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["0007347552\n"],"text":["0007347552\n","Rockbridge County (Va.) Judgments (Freedom Suits), \n1809-1854","African Americans -- Virginia.","Free African Americans -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County.","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County.","Slavery -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County.","Civil actions -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County.","Freedom suits -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County.","Judicial records -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County.","Local government records -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County.","Petitions -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County.","Wills -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County.",".35 cu. ft. (1 box)","There are no restrictions.\n","Arranged chronologically.\n","Slaves sued for emancipation in freedom suits based on the following: they were descendant(s) of a free female ancestor, typically a Native American (Hening Statutes, volume 2, p.170); failure of slaveowner(s) to abide by the 1778 slave nonimportation act (Henings Statutes, volume 9, pp. 471-472); or claimed to have been freed by slaveowner(s) by deed of emancipation or last will and testament (Henings Statutes volume 11, pp. 39-40)\n","Rockbridge County was named for Natural Bridge, an exceptional rock formation located in the county. The county was formed from Augusta and Botetourt Counties in 1778, and another part of Botetourt was added in 1888. The county seat is the city of Lexington.\n","Additional Rockbridge County Judgments are found at the Library of Virginia.\n","Additional Rockbridge County Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia.  Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Rockbridge County (Va.) Judgments (Freedom Suits), 1809-1854, consist of suits initiated by slaves seeking to gain their freedom on the law side of the court. Cases are identified by style of suit consisting of plaintiff and defendant names. Surnames of others involved in a suit, including secondary plaintiffs and defendants, witnesses, deponents and affiants, and family members with surnames different from the plaintiff or defendant are indexed. Also identified are names of slaves and slaveowners found in suit as well as whether slave(s) won their freedom. Predominant documents found in freedom suits include petitions, records of suits, depositions, affidavits, wills, among other items. Information found in documents include slave's argument for freedom, acquisition of slaves by slaveowners, slave ancestry, and relationship between slaves and slaveowners.\n","Judgments (Freedom Suits) are useful when researching local history and genealogical information, particularly for African Americans. They are a valuable source of local, state, social, and legal history and serve as a primary source for understanding a locality's history.\n","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia\n","Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court.","Rockbridge County (Va.) Superior Court of Law.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["0007347552\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Judgments (Freedom Suits), \n1809-1854"],"collection_title_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Judgments (Freedom Suits), \n1809-1854"],"collection_ssim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Judgments (Freedom Suits), \n1809-1854"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in transfers of court papers from Rockbridge County.\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- Virginia.","Free African Americans -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County.","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County.","Slavery -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County.","Civil actions -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County.","Freedom suits -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County.","Judicial records -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County.","Local government records -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County.","Petitions -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County.","Wills -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County."],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- Virginia.","Free African Americans -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County.","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County.","Slavery -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County.","Civil actions -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County.","Freedom suits -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County.","Judicial records -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County.","Local government records -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County.","Petitions -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County.","Wills -- Virginia -- Rockbridge County."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":[".35 cu. ft. (1 box)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged chronologically.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSlaves sued for emancipation in freedom suits based on the following: they were descendant(s) of a free female ancestor, typically a Native American (Hening Statutes, volume 2, p.170); failure of slaveowner(s) to abide by the 1778 slave nonimportation act (Henings Statutes, volume 9, pp. 471-472); or claimed to have been freed by slaveowner(s) by deed of emancipation or last will and testament (Henings Statutes volume 11, pp. 39-40)\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County was named for Natural Bridge, an exceptional rock formation located in the county. The county was formed from Augusta and Botetourt Counties in 1778, and another part of Botetourt was added in 1888. The county seat is the city of Lexington.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Slaves sued for emancipation in freedom suits based on the following: they were descendant(s) of a free female ancestor, typically a Native American (Hening Statutes, volume 2, p.170); failure of slaveowner(s) to abide by the 1778 slave nonimportation act (Henings Statutes, volume 9, pp. 471-472); or claimed to have been freed by slaveowner(s) by deed of emancipation or last will and testament (Henings Statutes volume 11, pp. 39-40)\n","Rockbridge County was named for Natural Bridge, an exceptional rock formation located in the county. The county was formed from Augusta and Botetourt Counties in 1778, and another part of Botetourt was added in 1888. The county seat is the city of Lexington.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County (Va.) Judgments (Freedom Suits), 1809-1854. Local government records collection, Rockbridge County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Rockbridge County (Va.) Judgments (Freedom Suits), 1809-1854. Local government records collection, Rockbridge County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219.\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Rockbridge County Judgments are found at the Library of Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Rockbridge County Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia.  Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA249\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Rockbridge County Judgments are found at the Library of Virginia.\n","Additional Rockbridge County Court Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia.  Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRockbridge County (Va.) Judgments (Freedom Suits), 1809-1854, consist of suits initiated by slaves seeking to gain their freedom on the law side of the court. Cases are identified by style of suit consisting of plaintiff and defendant names. 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