{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Eastern+State+Hospital","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Eastern+State+Hospital\u0026page=1"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":1,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"vi_vi03031","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Records of Eastern State Hospital, 1770-2009","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03031#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Eastern State Hospital","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03031#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eContains volumes and paper records dating from 1770 to 2009. The earliest material in the collection is a Court of Directors minute book, 1770-1801, though the bulk of the collection dates from the mid-nineteenth century through the twentieth century. A few sporadic records from 2000-2009 exist as well. Included in the Eastern State records are admission registers, correspondence and subject files, architectural drawings and construction files, photographs, personnel records, newsletters, news clippings, scrapbooks, publications and reports, meeting minutes, patient treatment, and financial records. Also found in this collection are many files created and maintained by Dr. John Minson Galt, II that include his essays on mental health and other topics. The records as a whole document the complex administrative and operational aspects of the hospital, and to a lesser extent, patient life at Eastern State. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03031#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi03031","ead_ssi":"vi_vi03031","_root_":"vi_vi03031","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi03031","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi03031.xml","title_ssm":["Records of Eastern State Hospital, 1770-2009"],"title_tesim":["Records of Eastern State Hospital, 1770-2009"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Records of Eastern State Hospital, 1770-2009"],"text":["Records of Eastern State Hospital, 1770-2009","23459; 31783; 44812; 45017; 53882 (and 36551; 36642; 36643; 36644; 36645; 36646; 36647; 36648; 36649; 36650; 36651; 36652)","40.75 cu. ft. of paper records, 202 volumes, 42 oversize folders","As of September 11, 2019, medical records will be open 125 years after the date of creation or after date closed, whichever is later. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) requires that individually identifiable health information of a decedent be protected for 50 years following the date of death of the individual (45 CFR 164.502(f)).","Protected health information (PHI) as defined under the Privacy Regulations issued under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) includes, but is not limited to, personally identifiable information such as names, addresses, and social security numbers. Restricted material may include, but is not limited to: patient lists, patient admission registers, treatment registers and medical record files. Please contact Archives Research Services for further information.","Most of the records comprising Series IV., Subseries D. Correspondence, Subject Files and Ledgers (Superintendent) can also be found on microfilm (Miscellaneous reels 4083-4085).  Please note that the original records have been reboxed since microfilming and the folder numbers no longer correspond to those on the film.","This collection is arranged into the following series:","Series I. Admission and Statistical Registers, 1808-1996\n        Series II. Buildings and Grounds Records, 1829-1996\n        Series III. Commitment Registers, 1911-1946\n        Series IV. Correspondence and Subject Files, 1791-1997\n        Series V. Financial Registers, 1882-1974\n        Series VI. History Files, 1942-1999\n        Series VII. Inventory and Supply Registers, 1876-1976\n        Series VIII. Minutes, 1770-1989\n        Series IX. News Clippings and Summaries, 1964-2008\n        Series X. Newsletters, 1948-2008\n        Series XI. Papers, Speeches and Lectures, 1949-1985\n        Series XII. Patient and Medical Treatment Records, 1841-2009\n        Series XIII. Personnel Records, 1907-1988\n        Series XIV. Photographs, 1931-2007\n        Series XV. Publications, 1844-2006\n        Series XVI. Reports, 1842-1994\n        Series XVII. Rules, Regulations and Procedures, 1841-1979\n        Series XVIII. Scrapbooks, 1946-1991\n        Series XIX. Theses, Dissertations and Projects, 1949-2003","\"The Publick Hospital for Persons of Insane and Disordered Minds\" at Williamsburg was first proposed by Royal Governor Francis Fauquier in 1766.  A committee was authorized to prepare a bill to provide for the founding of the hospital, which it did in 1769.  In April 1770, architect Robert Smith was chosen to design the new hospital and an act formally establishing the hospital was passed by the General Assembly in June 1770.  Construction of the hospital building in the center of Williamsburg took several years.  The first patients were admitted in October 1773.  The first hospital employee appointed was the keeper, who was directed to call the visiting physician as needed because there was no resident doctor on staff. The first visiting physician at the hospital was Dr. John De Sequeyra.","The Galt family of Williamsburg worked closely with the hospital for much of the first 100 years of its existence.  The first keeper of the hospital was James Galt who was succeeded by William T. Galt in 1800.  Dickie Galt also served as keeper during the 1830s.  In 1841 Dr. John Minson Galt, II, was appointed the first hospital superintendent by an act of the General Assembly.  Additionally, Dr. Galt's grandfather, Dr. John Minson Galt, and also his father, Dr. Alexander D. Galt both served as visiting physicians prior to the establishment of the superintendent position.  Dr. Galt served as superintendent from 1841 until 1862 when the hospital was overtaken by Union forces during the Civil War. Dr. Galt died shortly after being forced to leave the hospital grounds.","Dr. John M. Galt, II introduced the concept of \"moral management\" to the Eastern Lunatic Asylum.  Moral management (or \"moral therapy\") suggested that the roots of insanity might be emotional.  Providing kindness, an aesthetically pleasing and comfortable atmosphere, exercise, and organized social activity was believed to work better for treating mental diseases than other methods such as restraints and bleedings.  Dr. Galt also went against conventional beliefs when he applied for and received legislative consent to accept mentally ill slaves as patients to the hospital in 1846.  However, by 1869, racial segregation was reestablished with the creation of Central Lunatic Asylum (later Central State Hospital) now located near Petersburg, Virginia.","By the 1930s the population of the hospital had outgrown its cramped quarters in downtown Williamsburg.  With no room to expand, the hospital began construction on what would be called the Dunbar Extension.  The land was formally known as the Dunbar Plantation and was located about three miles west of the city.  Four buildings were erected in 1936, but construction plans were halted when the United States became involved in World War Two.  Construction resumed in 1947 and continued for the better part of the next two decades.  For many years patients were split between the two sites, but by the late 1970s all patients were housed at Dunbar.  Many of the original downtown hospital buildings were demolished in the 1960s, though a recreation of the first Public Hospital building, completed in 1985, can be found on the grounds of Colonial Williamsburg.","Eastern State Hospital experienced various name changes over the years.  Originally known as the Public Hospital, it also became known as Eastern Lunatic State Hospital and Eastern Lunatic Asylum.  Through an act of the General Asssemby in 1894, the current name of Eastern State Hospital was established.","Series II., Subseries B. Architectural and Engineering Plans and Drawings is an artificially-created series made up of individually accessioned drawings that are part of the General Architectural Files Collection.  The origin of these items is unknown, though they may have at one time been part of an early accession of Eastern State Hospital records.  The inclusion of these drawings in this finding aid is for ease of research use.","Researchers should also note that records belonging to Western State Hospital were found during the transfer of accession 44812 to the Library of Virginia.  The records include correspondence, contracts, agreements, buildings and grounds records and other miscellaneous documents pertaining to operation of the hospital.  According to records at Eastern State and Western State, these items were removed from the Western State archives in 1983 and used by researchers to accurately reconstruct the Public Hospital at Colonial Williamsburg.  The records were never returned to Western State and were eventually found in a basement at Eastern State in 1987.  The records were taken to the Eastern State archives where they were housed until the hospital transferred its historical records to the Library of Virginia.  The records will remain part of Eastern State Hospital accession 44812, but will not be featured in the contents list below.  A full description of these records can be found in the finding aid titled \"Records of Western State Hospital,\" under Series VI. Records Found at Eastern State Hospital, 1825-1918. The Western State finding aid is available on the Virginia Heritage Project website.","Contains volumes and paper records dating from 1770 to 2009.  The earliest material in the collection is a Court of Directors minute book, 1770-1801, though the bulk of the collection dates from the mid-nineteenth century through the twentieth century.  A few sporadic records from 2000-2009 exist as well.  Included in the Eastern State records are admission registers, correspondence and subject files, architectural drawings and construction files, photographs, personnel records, newsletters, news clippings, scrapbooks, publications and reports, meeting minutes, patient treatment, and financial records.  Also found in this collection are many files created and maintained by Dr. John Minson Galt, II that include his essays on mental health and other topics. The records as a whole document the complex administrative and operational aspects of the hospital, and to a lesser extent, patient life at Eastern State.","Confidential or personally identifiable health information (PHI) less than 125 years of age that may be encountered during research will not be recorded, published, publicized, or re-disclosed to any other party for any purpose. Improper use and/or re-disclosure of privacy protected information is a breach of confidentiality which could result in the loss of access to the archival collections housed and maintained by The Library of Virginia, and could result in legal penalties (Code of Virginia, 18.2-186.3). Please see the \"Use Restrictions\" section of the finding aid for additional restriction information.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Records of Eastern State Hospital, 1770-2009"],"collection_ssim":["Records of Eastern State Hospital, 1770-2009"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["23459; 31783; 44812; 45017; 53882 (and 36551; 36642; 36643; 36644; 36645; 36646; 36647; 36648; 36649; 36650; 36651; 36652)"],"unitid_tesim":["23459; 31783; 44812; 45017; 53882 (and 36551; 36642; 36643; 36644; 36645; 36646; 36647; 36648; 36649; 36650; 36651; 36652)"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Eastern State Hospital"],"creator_ssim":["Eastern State Hospital"],"access_terms_ssm":["Confidential or personally identifiable health information (PHI) less than 125 years of age that may be encountered during research will not be recorded, published, publicized, or re-disclosed to any other party for any purpose. Improper use and/or re-disclosure of privacy protected information is a breach of confidentiality which could result in the loss of access to the archival collections housed and maintained by The Library of Virginia, and could result in legal penalties (Code of Virginia, 18.2-186.3). Please see the \"Use Restrictions\" section of the finding aid for additional restriction information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Accession 23459 transferred by Mrs. Henry E. Davis, 17 October 1949.","Accession 31783 transferred by Wyolene S. Pointer, Medical Records Administrator, Eastern State Hospital, Drawer A, Williamsburg, Virginia, 27 May 1983.","Accession 44812 transferred by Michelle L. Porter, Health Information Management Department, Eastern State Hospital, 4601 Ironbound Road, Williamsburg, Virginia, 17 February 2010.","Accession 45017 transferred by Michelle L. Porter, Health Information Management Department, Eastern State Hospital, 4601 Ironbound Road, Williamsburg, Virginia, 3 June 2010.","Accession 53882 donated by Judi Barnett, 24 April 2023.","Accessions 36551; 36642; 36643; 36644; 36645; 36646; 36647; 36648; 36649; 36650; 36651; and 36652 (Series II., Subseries B. Architectural and Engineering Plans and Drawings), were accessioned individually as part of the Library of Virginia's General Architectural Files Collection."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["40.75 cu. ft. of paper records, 202 volumes, 42 oversize folders"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAs of September 11, 2019, medical records will be open 125 years after the date of creation or after date closed, whichever is later. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) requires that individually identifiable health information of a decedent be protected for 50 years following the date of death of the individual (45 CFR 164.502(f)). \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003eProtected health information (PHI) as defined under the Privacy Regulations issued under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) includes, but is not limited to, personally identifiable information such as names, addresses, and social security numbers. Restricted material may include, but is not limited to: patient lists, patient admission registers, treatment registers and medical record files. Please contact Archives Research Services for further information.  \u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["As of September 11, 2019, medical records will be open 125 years after the date of creation or after date closed, whichever is later. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) requires that individually identifiable health information of a decedent be protected for 50 years following the date of death of the individual (45 CFR 164.502(f)).","Protected health information (PHI) as defined under the Privacy Regulations issued under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) includes, but is not limited to, personally identifiable information such as names, addresses, and social security numbers. Restricted material may include, but is not limited to: patient lists, patient admission registers, treatment registers and medical record files. Please contact Archives Research Services for further information."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMost of the records comprising Series IV., Subseries D. Correspondence, Subject Files and Ledgers (Superintendent) can also be found on microfilm (Miscellaneous reels 4083-4085).  Please note that the original records have been reboxed since microfilming and the folder numbers no longer correspond to those on the film.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Form Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Most of the records comprising Series IV., Subseries D. Correspondence, Subject Files and Ledgers (Superintendent) can also be found on microfilm (Miscellaneous reels 4083-4085).  Please note that the original records have been reboxed since microfilming and the folder numbers no longer correspond to those on the film."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into the following series:\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries I. Admission and Statistical Registers, 1808-1996\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries II. Buildings and Grounds Records, 1829-1996\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries III. Commitment Registers, 1911-1946\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries IV. Correspondence and Subject Files, 1791-1997\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries V. Financial Registers, 1882-1974\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries VI. History Files, 1942-1999\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries VII. Inventory and Supply Registers, 1876-1976\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries VIII. Minutes, 1770-1989\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries IX. News Clippings and Summaries, 1964-2008\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries X. Newsletters, 1948-2008\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries XI. Papers, Speeches and Lectures, 1949-1985\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries XII. Patient and Medical Treatment Records, 1841-2009\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries XIII. Personnel Records, 1907-1988\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries XIV. Photographs, 1931-2007\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries XV. Publications, 1844-2006\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries XVI. Reports, 1842-1994\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries XVII. Rules, Regulations and Procedures, 1841-1979\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries XVIII. Scrapbooks, 1946-1991\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries XIX. Theses, Dissertations and Projects, 1949-2003\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/list\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into the following series:","Series I. Admission and Statistical Registers, 1808-1996\n        Series II. Buildings and Grounds Records, 1829-1996\n        Series III. Commitment Registers, 1911-1946\n        Series IV. Correspondence and Subject Files, 1791-1997\n        Series V. Financial Registers, 1882-1974\n        Series VI. History Files, 1942-1999\n        Series VII. Inventory and Supply Registers, 1876-1976\n        Series VIII. Minutes, 1770-1989\n        Series IX. News Clippings and Summaries, 1964-2008\n        Series X. Newsletters, 1948-2008\n        Series XI. Papers, Speeches and Lectures, 1949-1985\n        Series XII. Patient and Medical Treatment Records, 1841-2009\n        Series XIII. Personnel Records, 1907-1988\n        Series XIV. Photographs, 1931-2007\n        Series XV. Publications, 1844-2006\n        Series XVI. Reports, 1842-1994\n        Series XVII. Rules, Regulations and Procedures, 1841-1979\n        Series XVIII. Scrapbooks, 1946-1991\n        Series XIX. Theses, Dissertations and Projects, 1949-2003"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"The Publick Hospital for Persons of Insane and Disordered Minds\" at Williamsburg was first proposed by Royal Governor Francis Fauquier in 1766.  A committee was authorized to prepare a bill to provide for the founding of the hospital, which it did in 1769.  In April 1770, architect Robert Smith was chosen to design the new hospital and an act formally establishing the hospital was passed by the General Assembly in June 1770.  Construction of the hospital building in the center of Williamsburg took several years.  The first patients were admitted in October 1773.  The first hospital employee appointed was the keeper, who was directed to call the visiting physician as needed because there was no resident doctor on staff. The first visiting physician at the hospital was Dr. John De Sequeyra.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe Galt family of Williamsburg worked closely with the hospital for much of the first 100 years of its existence.  The first keeper of the hospital was James Galt who was succeeded by William T. Galt in 1800.  Dickie Galt also served as keeper during the 1830s.  In 1841 Dr. John Minson Galt, II, was appointed the first hospital superintendent by an act of the General Assembly.  Additionally, Dr. Galt's grandfather, Dr. John Minson Galt, and also his father, Dr. Alexander D. Galt both served as visiting physicians prior to the establishment of the superintendent position.  Dr. Galt served as superintendent from 1841 until 1862 when the hospital was overtaken by Union forces during the Civil War. Dr. Galt died shortly after being forced to leave the hospital grounds.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e Dr. John M. Galt, II introduced the concept of \"moral management\" to the Eastern Lunatic Asylum.  Moral management (or \"moral therapy\") suggested that the roots of insanity might be emotional.  Providing kindness, an aesthetically pleasing and comfortable atmosphere, exercise, and organized social activity was believed to work better for treating mental diseases than other methods such as restraints and bleedings.  Dr. Galt also went against conventional beliefs when he applied for and received legislative consent to accept mentally ill slaves as patients to the hospital in 1846.  However, by 1869, racial segregation was reestablished with the creation of Central Lunatic Asylum (later Central State Hospital) now located near Petersburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eBy the 1930s the population of the hospital had outgrown its cramped quarters in downtown Williamsburg.  With no room to expand, the hospital began construction on what would be called the Dunbar Extension.  The land was formally known as the Dunbar Plantation and was located about three miles west of the city.  Four buildings were erected in 1936, but construction plans were halted when the United States became involved in World War Two.  Construction resumed in 1947 and continued for the better part of the next two decades.  For many years patients were split between the two sites, but by the late 1970s all patients were housed at Dunbar.  Many of the original downtown hospital buildings were demolished in the 1960s, though a recreation of the first Public Hospital building, completed in 1985, can be found on the grounds of Colonial Williamsburg.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eEastern State Hospital experienced various name changes over the years.  Originally known as the Public Hospital, it also became known as Eastern Lunatic State Hospital and Eastern Lunatic Asylum.  Through an act of the General Asssemby in 1894, the current name of Eastern State Hospital was established.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["\"The Publick Hospital for Persons of Insane and Disordered Minds\" at Williamsburg was first proposed by Royal Governor Francis Fauquier in 1766.  A committee was authorized to prepare a bill to provide for the founding of the hospital, which it did in 1769.  In April 1770, architect Robert Smith was chosen to design the new hospital and an act formally establishing the hospital was passed by the General Assembly in June 1770.  Construction of the hospital building in the center of Williamsburg took several years.  The first patients were admitted in October 1773.  The first hospital employee appointed was the keeper, who was directed to call the visiting physician as needed because there was no resident doctor on staff. The first visiting physician at the hospital was Dr. John De Sequeyra.","The Galt family of Williamsburg worked closely with the hospital for much of the first 100 years of its existence.  The first keeper of the hospital was James Galt who was succeeded by William T. Galt in 1800.  Dickie Galt also served as keeper during the 1830s.  In 1841 Dr. John Minson Galt, II, was appointed the first hospital superintendent by an act of the General Assembly.  Additionally, Dr. Galt's grandfather, Dr. John Minson Galt, and also his father, Dr. Alexander D. Galt both served as visiting physicians prior to the establishment of the superintendent position.  Dr. Galt served as superintendent from 1841 until 1862 when the hospital was overtaken by Union forces during the Civil War. Dr. Galt died shortly after being forced to leave the hospital grounds.","Dr. John M. Galt, II introduced the concept of \"moral management\" to the Eastern Lunatic Asylum.  Moral management (or \"moral therapy\") suggested that the roots of insanity might be emotional.  Providing kindness, an aesthetically pleasing and comfortable atmosphere, exercise, and organized social activity was believed to work better for treating mental diseases than other methods such as restraints and bleedings.  Dr. Galt also went against conventional beliefs when he applied for and received legislative consent to accept mentally ill slaves as patients to the hospital in 1846.  However, by 1869, racial segregation was reestablished with the creation of Central Lunatic Asylum (later Central State Hospital) now located near Petersburg, Virginia.","By the 1930s the population of the hospital had outgrown its cramped quarters in downtown Williamsburg.  With no room to expand, the hospital began construction on what would be called the Dunbar Extension.  The land was formally known as the Dunbar Plantation and was located about three miles west of the city.  Four buildings were erected in 1936, but construction plans were halted when the United States became involved in World War Two.  Construction resumed in 1947 and continued for the better part of the next two decades.  For many years patients were split between the two sites, but by the late 1970s all patients were housed at Dunbar.  Many of the original downtown hospital buildings were demolished in the 1960s, though a recreation of the first Public Hospital building, completed in 1985, can be found on the grounds of Colonial Williamsburg.","Eastern State Hospital experienced various name changes over the years.  Originally known as the Public Hospital, it also became known as Eastern Lunatic State Hospital and Eastern Lunatic Asylum.  Through an act of the General Asssemby in 1894, the current name of Eastern State Hospital was established."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords of Eastern State Hospital, 1770-2009. [Cite specific accession number], State government records collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Records of Eastern State Hospital, 1770-2009. [Cite specific accession number], State government records collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries II., Subseries B. Architectural and Engineering Plans and Drawings is an artificially-created series made up of individually accessioned drawings that are part of the General Architectural Files Collection.  The origin of these items is unknown, though they may have at one time been part of an early accession of Eastern State Hospital records.  The inclusion of these drawings in this finding aid is for ease of research use.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003eResearchers should also note that records belonging to Western State Hospital were found during the transfer of accession 44812 to the Library of Virginia.  The records include correspondence, contracts, agreements, buildings and grounds records and other miscellaneous documents pertaining to operation of the hospital.  According to records at Eastern State and Western State, these items were removed from the Western State archives in 1983 and used by researchers to accurately reconstruct the Public Hospital at Colonial Williamsburg.  The records were never returned to Western State and were eventually found in a basement at Eastern State in 1987.  The records were taken to the Eastern State archives where they were housed until the hospital transferred its historical records to the Library of Virginia.  The records will remain part of Eastern State Hospital accession 44812, but will not be featured in the contents list below.  A full description of these records can be found in the finding aid titled \"Records of Western State Hospital,\" under Series VI. Records Found at Eastern State Hospital, 1825-1918. The Western State finding aid is available on the Virginia Heritage Project website.  \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Series II., Subseries B. Architectural and Engineering Plans and Drawings is an artificially-created series made up of individually accessioned drawings that are part of the General Architectural Files Collection.  The origin of these items is unknown, though they may have at one time been part of an early accession of Eastern State Hospital records.  The inclusion of these drawings in this finding aid is for ease of research use.","Researchers should also note that records belonging to Western State Hospital were found during the transfer of accession 44812 to the Library of Virginia.  The records include correspondence, contracts, agreements, buildings and grounds records and other miscellaneous documents pertaining to operation of the hospital.  According to records at Eastern State and Western State, these items were removed from the Western State archives in 1983 and used by researchers to accurately reconstruct the Public Hospital at Colonial Williamsburg.  The records were never returned to Western State and were eventually found in a basement at Eastern State in 1987.  The records were taken to the Eastern State archives where they were housed until the hospital transferred its historical records to the Library of Virginia.  The records will remain part of Eastern State Hospital accession 44812, but will not be featured in the contents list below.  A full description of these records can be found in the finding aid titled \"Records of Western State Hospital,\" under Series VI. Records Found at Eastern State Hospital, 1825-1918. The Western State finding aid is available on the Virginia Heritage Project website."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eContains volumes and paper records dating from 1770 to 2009.  The earliest material in the collection is a Court of Directors minute book, 1770-1801, though the bulk of the collection dates from the mid-nineteenth century through the twentieth century.  A few sporadic records from 2000-2009 exist as well.  Included in the Eastern State records are admission registers, correspondence and subject files, architectural drawings and construction files, photographs, personnel records, newsletters, news clippings, scrapbooks, publications and reports, meeting minutes, patient treatment, and financial records.  Also found in this collection are many files created and maintained by Dr. John Minson Galt, II that include his essays on mental health and other topics. The records as a whole document the complex administrative and operational aspects of the hospital, and to a lesser extent, patient life at Eastern State.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Contains volumes and paper records dating from 1770 to 2009.  The earliest material in the collection is a Court of Directors minute book, 1770-1801, though the bulk of the collection dates from the mid-nineteenth century through the twentieth century.  A few sporadic records from 2000-2009 exist as well.  Included in the Eastern State records are admission registers, correspondence and subject files, architectural drawings and construction files, photographs, personnel records, newsletters, news clippings, scrapbooks, publications and reports, meeting minutes, patient treatment, and financial records.  Also found in this collection are many files created and maintained by Dr. John Minson Galt, II that include his essays on mental health and other topics. The records as a whole document the complex administrative and operational aspects of the hospital, and to a lesser extent, patient life at Eastern State."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eConfidential or personally identifiable health information (PHI) less than 125 years of age that may be encountered during research will not be recorded, published, publicized, or re-disclosed to any other party for any purpose. Improper use and/or re-disclosure of privacy protected information is a breach of confidentiality which could result in the loss of access to the archival collections housed and maintained by The Library of Virginia, and could result in legal penalties (Code of Virginia, 18.2-186.3). Please see the \"Use Restrictions\" section of the finding aid for additional restriction information.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Confidential or personally identifiable health information (PHI) less than 125 years of age that may be encountered during research will not be recorded, published, publicized, or re-disclosed to any other party for any purpose. Improper use and/or re-disclosure of privacy protected information is a breach of confidentiality which could result in the loss of access to the archival collections housed and maintained by The Library of Virginia, and could result in legal penalties (Code of Virginia, 18.2-186.3). Please see the \"Use Restrictions\" section of the finding aid for additional restriction information."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":1655,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:25:30.362Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi03031","ead_ssi":"vi_vi03031","_root_":"vi_vi03031","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi03031","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi03031.xml","title_ssm":["Records of Eastern State Hospital, 1770-2009"],"title_tesim":["Records of Eastern State Hospital, 1770-2009"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Records of Eastern State Hospital, 1770-2009"],"text":["Records of Eastern State Hospital, 1770-2009","23459; 31783; 44812; 45017; 53882 (and 36551; 36642; 36643; 36644; 36645; 36646; 36647; 36648; 36649; 36650; 36651; 36652)","40.75 cu. ft. of paper records, 202 volumes, 42 oversize folders","As of September 11, 2019, medical records will be open 125 years after the date of creation or after date closed, whichever is later. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) requires that individually identifiable health information of a decedent be protected for 50 years following the date of death of the individual (45 CFR 164.502(f)).","Protected health information (PHI) as defined under the Privacy Regulations issued under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) includes, but is not limited to, personally identifiable information such as names, addresses, and social security numbers. Restricted material may include, but is not limited to: patient lists, patient admission registers, treatment registers and medical record files. Please contact Archives Research Services for further information.","Most of the records comprising Series IV., Subseries D. Correspondence, Subject Files and Ledgers (Superintendent) can also be found on microfilm (Miscellaneous reels 4083-4085).  Please note that the original records have been reboxed since microfilming and the folder numbers no longer correspond to those on the film.","This collection is arranged into the following series:","Series I. Admission and Statistical Registers, 1808-1996\n        Series II. Buildings and Grounds Records, 1829-1996\n        Series III. Commitment Registers, 1911-1946\n        Series IV. Correspondence and Subject Files, 1791-1997\n        Series V. Financial Registers, 1882-1974\n        Series VI. History Files, 1942-1999\n        Series VII. Inventory and Supply Registers, 1876-1976\n        Series VIII. Minutes, 1770-1989\n        Series IX. News Clippings and Summaries, 1964-2008\n        Series X. Newsletters, 1948-2008\n        Series XI. Papers, Speeches and Lectures, 1949-1985\n        Series XII. Patient and Medical Treatment Records, 1841-2009\n        Series XIII. Personnel Records, 1907-1988\n        Series XIV. Photographs, 1931-2007\n        Series XV. Publications, 1844-2006\n        Series XVI. Reports, 1842-1994\n        Series XVII. Rules, Regulations and Procedures, 1841-1979\n        Series XVIII. Scrapbooks, 1946-1991\n        Series XIX. Theses, Dissertations and Projects, 1949-2003","\"The Publick Hospital for Persons of Insane and Disordered Minds\" at Williamsburg was first proposed by Royal Governor Francis Fauquier in 1766.  A committee was authorized to prepare a bill to provide for the founding of the hospital, which it did in 1769.  In April 1770, architect Robert Smith was chosen to design the new hospital and an act formally establishing the hospital was passed by the General Assembly in June 1770.  Construction of the hospital building in the center of Williamsburg took several years.  The first patients were admitted in October 1773.  The first hospital employee appointed was the keeper, who was directed to call the visiting physician as needed because there was no resident doctor on staff. The first visiting physician at the hospital was Dr. John De Sequeyra.","The Galt family of Williamsburg worked closely with the hospital for much of the first 100 years of its existence.  The first keeper of the hospital was James Galt who was succeeded by William T. Galt in 1800.  Dickie Galt also served as keeper during the 1830s.  In 1841 Dr. John Minson Galt, II, was appointed the first hospital superintendent by an act of the General Assembly.  Additionally, Dr. Galt's grandfather, Dr. John Minson Galt, and also his father, Dr. Alexander D. Galt both served as visiting physicians prior to the establishment of the superintendent position.  Dr. Galt served as superintendent from 1841 until 1862 when the hospital was overtaken by Union forces during the Civil War. Dr. Galt died shortly after being forced to leave the hospital grounds.","Dr. John M. Galt, II introduced the concept of \"moral management\" to the Eastern Lunatic Asylum.  Moral management (or \"moral therapy\") suggested that the roots of insanity might be emotional.  Providing kindness, an aesthetically pleasing and comfortable atmosphere, exercise, and organized social activity was believed to work better for treating mental diseases than other methods such as restraints and bleedings.  Dr. Galt also went against conventional beliefs when he applied for and received legislative consent to accept mentally ill slaves as patients to the hospital in 1846.  However, by 1869, racial segregation was reestablished with the creation of Central Lunatic Asylum (later Central State Hospital) now located near Petersburg, Virginia.","By the 1930s the population of the hospital had outgrown its cramped quarters in downtown Williamsburg.  With no room to expand, the hospital began construction on what would be called the Dunbar Extension.  The land was formally known as the Dunbar Plantation and was located about three miles west of the city.  Four buildings were erected in 1936, but construction plans were halted when the United States became involved in World War Two.  Construction resumed in 1947 and continued for the better part of the next two decades.  For many years patients were split between the two sites, but by the late 1970s all patients were housed at Dunbar.  Many of the original downtown hospital buildings were demolished in the 1960s, though a recreation of the first Public Hospital building, completed in 1985, can be found on the grounds of Colonial Williamsburg.","Eastern State Hospital experienced various name changes over the years.  Originally known as the Public Hospital, it also became known as Eastern Lunatic State Hospital and Eastern Lunatic Asylum.  Through an act of the General Asssemby in 1894, the current name of Eastern State Hospital was established.","Series II., Subseries B. Architectural and Engineering Plans and Drawings is an artificially-created series made up of individually accessioned drawings that are part of the General Architectural Files Collection.  The origin of these items is unknown, though they may have at one time been part of an early accession of Eastern State Hospital records.  The inclusion of these drawings in this finding aid is for ease of research use.","Researchers should also note that records belonging to Western State Hospital were found during the transfer of accession 44812 to the Library of Virginia.  The records include correspondence, contracts, agreements, buildings and grounds records and other miscellaneous documents pertaining to operation of the hospital.  According to records at Eastern State and Western State, these items were removed from the Western State archives in 1983 and used by researchers to accurately reconstruct the Public Hospital at Colonial Williamsburg.  The records were never returned to Western State and were eventually found in a basement at Eastern State in 1987.  The records were taken to the Eastern State archives where they were housed until the hospital transferred its historical records to the Library of Virginia.  The records will remain part of Eastern State Hospital accession 44812, but will not be featured in the contents list below.  A full description of these records can be found in the finding aid titled \"Records of Western State Hospital,\" under Series VI. Records Found at Eastern State Hospital, 1825-1918. The Western State finding aid is available on the Virginia Heritage Project website.","Contains volumes and paper records dating from 1770 to 2009.  The earliest material in the collection is a Court of Directors minute book, 1770-1801, though the bulk of the collection dates from the mid-nineteenth century through the twentieth century.  A few sporadic records from 2000-2009 exist as well.  Included in the Eastern State records are admission registers, correspondence and subject files, architectural drawings and construction files, photographs, personnel records, newsletters, news clippings, scrapbooks, publications and reports, meeting minutes, patient treatment, and financial records.  Also found in this collection are many files created and maintained by Dr. John Minson Galt, II that include his essays on mental health and other topics. The records as a whole document the complex administrative and operational aspects of the hospital, and to a lesser extent, patient life at Eastern State.","Confidential or personally identifiable health information (PHI) less than 125 years of age that may be encountered during research will not be recorded, published, publicized, or re-disclosed to any other party for any purpose. Improper use and/or re-disclosure of privacy protected information is a breach of confidentiality which could result in the loss of access to the archival collections housed and maintained by The Library of Virginia, and could result in legal penalties (Code of Virginia, 18.2-186.3). Please see the \"Use Restrictions\" section of the finding aid for additional restriction information.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Records of Eastern State Hospital, 1770-2009"],"collection_ssim":["Records of Eastern State Hospital, 1770-2009"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["23459; 31783; 44812; 45017; 53882 (and 36551; 36642; 36643; 36644; 36645; 36646; 36647; 36648; 36649; 36650; 36651; 36652)"],"unitid_tesim":["23459; 31783; 44812; 45017; 53882 (and 36551; 36642; 36643; 36644; 36645; 36646; 36647; 36648; 36649; 36650; 36651; 36652)"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Eastern State Hospital"],"creator_ssim":["Eastern State Hospital"],"access_terms_ssm":["Confidential or personally identifiable health information (PHI) less than 125 years of age that may be encountered during research will not be recorded, published, publicized, or re-disclosed to any other party for any purpose. Improper use and/or re-disclosure of privacy protected information is a breach of confidentiality which could result in the loss of access to the archival collections housed and maintained by The Library of Virginia, and could result in legal penalties (Code of Virginia, 18.2-186.3). Please see the \"Use Restrictions\" section of the finding aid for additional restriction information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Accession 23459 transferred by Mrs. Henry E. Davis, 17 October 1949.","Accession 31783 transferred by Wyolene S. Pointer, Medical Records Administrator, Eastern State Hospital, Drawer A, Williamsburg, Virginia, 27 May 1983.","Accession 44812 transferred by Michelle L. Porter, Health Information Management Department, Eastern State Hospital, 4601 Ironbound Road, Williamsburg, Virginia, 17 February 2010.","Accession 45017 transferred by Michelle L. Porter, Health Information Management Department, Eastern State Hospital, 4601 Ironbound Road, Williamsburg, Virginia, 3 June 2010.","Accession 53882 donated by Judi Barnett, 24 April 2023.","Accessions 36551; 36642; 36643; 36644; 36645; 36646; 36647; 36648; 36649; 36650; 36651; and 36652 (Series II., Subseries B. Architectural and Engineering Plans and Drawings), were accessioned individually as part of the Library of Virginia's General Architectural Files Collection."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["40.75 cu. ft. of paper records, 202 volumes, 42 oversize folders"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAs of September 11, 2019, medical records will be open 125 years after the date of creation or after date closed, whichever is later. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) requires that individually identifiable health information of a decedent be protected for 50 years following the date of death of the individual (45 CFR 164.502(f)). \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003eProtected health information (PHI) as defined under the Privacy Regulations issued under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) includes, but is not limited to, personally identifiable information such as names, addresses, and social security numbers. Restricted material may include, but is not limited to: patient lists, patient admission registers, treatment registers and medical record files. Please contact Archives Research Services for further information.  \u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["As of September 11, 2019, medical records will be open 125 years after the date of creation or after date closed, whichever is later. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) requires that individually identifiable health information of a decedent be protected for 50 years following the date of death of the individual (45 CFR 164.502(f)).","Protected health information (PHI) as defined under the Privacy Regulations issued under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) includes, but is not limited to, personally identifiable information such as names, addresses, and social security numbers. Restricted material may include, but is not limited to: patient lists, patient admission registers, treatment registers and medical record files. Please contact Archives Research Services for further information."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMost of the records comprising Series IV., Subseries D. Correspondence, Subject Files and Ledgers (Superintendent) can also be found on microfilm (Miscellaneous reels 4083-4085).  Please note that the original records have been reboxed since microfilming and the folder numbers no longer correspond to those on the film.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Form Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Most of the records comprising Series IV., Subseries D. Correspondence, Subject Files and Ledgers (Superintendent) can also be found on microfilm (Miscellaneous reels 4083-4085).  Please note that the original records have been reboxed since microfilming and the folder numbers no longer correspond to those on the film."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into the following series:\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries I. Admission and Statistical Registers, 1808-1996\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries II. Buildings and Grounds Records, 1829-1996\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries III. Commitment Registers, 1911-1946\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries IV. Correspondence and Subject Files, 1791-1997\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries V. Financial Registers, 1882-1974\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries VI. History Files, 1942-1999\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries VII. Inventory and Supply Registers, 1876-1976\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries VIII. Minutes, 1770-1989\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries IX. News Clippings and Summaries, 1964-2008\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries X. Newsletters, 1948-2008\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries XI. Papers, Speeches and Lectures, 1949-1985\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries XII. Patient and Medical Treatment Records, 1841-2009\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries XIII. Personnel Records, 1907-1988\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries XIV. Photographs, 1931-2007\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries XV. Publications, 1844-2006\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries XVI. Reports, 1842-1994\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries XVII. Rules, Regulations and Procedures, 1841-1979\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries XVIII. Scrapbooks, 1946-1991\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries XIX. Theses, Dissertations and Projects, 1949-2003\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/list\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into the following series:","Series I. Admission and Statistical Registers, 1808-1996\n        Series II. Buildings and Grounds Records, 1829-1996\n        Series III. Commitment Registers, 1911-1946\n        Series IV. Correspondence and Subject Files, 1791-1997\n        Series V. Financial Registers, 1882-1974\n        Series VI. History Files, 1942-1999\n        Series VII. Inventory and Supply Registers, 1876-1976\n        Series VIII. Minutes, 1770-1989\n        Series IX. News Clippings and Summaries, 1964-2008\n        Series X. Newsletters, 1948-2008\n        Series XI. Papers, Speeches and Lectures, 1949-1985\n        Series XII. Patient and Medical Treatment Records, 1841-2009\n        Series XIII. Personnel Records, 1907-1988\n        Series XIV. Photographs, 1931-2007\n        Series XV. Publications, 1844-2006\n        Series XVI. Reports, 1842-1994\n        Series XVII. Rules, Regulations and Procedures, 1841-1979\n        Series XVIII. Scrapbooks, 1946-1991\n        Series XIX. Theses, Dissertations and Projects, 1949-2003"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"The Publick Hospital for Persons of Insane and Disordered Minds\" at Williamsburg was first proposed by Royal Governor Francis Fauquier in 1766.  A committee was authorized to prepare a bill to provide for the founding of the hospital, which it did in 1769.  In April 1770, architect Robert Smith was chosen to design the new hospital and an act formally establishing the hospital was passed by the General Assembly in June 1770.  Construction of the hospital building in the center of Williamsburg took several years.  The first patients were admitted in October 1773.  The first hospital employee appointed was the keeper, who was directed to call the visiting physician as needed because there was no resident doctor on staff. The first visiting physician at the hospital was Dr. John De Sequeyra.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe Galt family of Williamsburg worked closely with the hospital for much of the first 100 years of its existence.  The first keeper of the hospital was James Galt who was succeeded by William T. Galt in 1800.  Dickie Galt also served as keeper during the 1830s.  In 1841 Dr. John Minson Galt, II, was appointed the first hospital superintendent by an act of the General Assembly.  Additionally, Dr. Galt's grandfather, Dr. John Minson Galt, and also his father, Dr. Alexander D. Galt both served as visiting physicians prior to the establishment of the superintendent position.  Dr. Galt served as superintendent from 1841 until 1862 when the hospital was overtaken by Union forces during the Civil War. Dr. Galt died shortly after being forced to leave the hospital grounds.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e Dr. John M. Galt, II introduced the concept of \"moral management\" to the Eastern Lunatic Asylum.  Moral management (or \"moral therapy\") suggested that the roots of insanity might be emotional.  Providing kindness, an aesthetically pleasing and comfortable atmosphere, exercise, and organized social activity was believed to work better for treating mental diseases than other methods such as restraints and bleedings.  Dr. Galt also went against conventional beliefs when he applied for and received legislative consent to accept mentally ill slaves as patients to the hospital in 1846.  However, by 1869, racial segregation was reestablished with the creation of Central Lunatic Asylum (later Central State Hospital) now located near Petersburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eBy the 1930s the population of the hospital had outgrown its cramped quarters in downtown Williamsburg.  With no room to expand, the hospital began construction on what would be called the Dunbar Extension.  The land was formally known as the Dunbar Plantation and was located about three miles west of the city.  Four buildings were erected in 1936, but construction plans were halted when the United States became involved in World War Two.  Construction resumed in 1947 and continued for the better part of the next two decades.  For many years patients were split between the two sites, but by the late 1970s all patients were housed at Dunbar.  Many of the original downtown hospital buildings were demolished in the 1960s, though a recreation of the first Public Hospital building, completed in 1985, can be found on the grounds of Colonial Williamsburg.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eEastern State Hospital experienced various name changes over the years.  Originally known as the Public Hospital, it also became known as Eastern Lunatic State Hospital and Eastern Lunatic Asylum.  Through an act of the General Asssemby in 1894, the current name of Eastern State Hospital was established.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["\"The Publick Hospital for Persons of Insane and Disordered Minds\" at Williamsburg was first proposed by Royal Governor Francis Fauquier in 1766.  A committee was authorized to prepare a bill to provide for the founding of the hospital, which it did in 1769.  In April 1770, architect Robert Smith was chosen to design the new hospital and an act formally establishing the hospital was passed by the General Assembly in June 1770.  Construction of the hospital building in the center of Williamsburg took several years.  The first patients were admitted in October 1773.  The first hospital employee appointed was the keeper, who was directed to call the visiting physician as needed because there was no resident doctor on staff. The first visiting physician at the hospital was Dr. John De Sequeyra.","The Galt family of Williamsburg worked closely with the hospital for much of the first 100 years of its existence.  The first keeper of the hospital was James Galt who was succeeded by William T. Galt in 1800.  Dickie Galt also served as keeper during the 1830s.  In 1841 Dr. John Minson Galt, II, was appointed the first hospital superintendent by an act of the General Assembly.  Additionally, Dr. Galt's grandfather, Dr. John Minson Galt, and also his father, Dr. Alexander D. Galt both served as visiting physicians prior to the establishment of the superintendent position.  Dr. Galt served as superintendent from 1841 until 1862 when the hospital was overtaken by Union forces during the Civil War. Dr. Galt died shortly after being forced to leave the hospital grounds.","Dr. John M. Galt, II introduced the concept of \"moral management\" to the Eastern Lunatic Asylum.  Moral management (or \"moral therapy\") suggested that the roots of insanity might be emotional.  Providing kindness, an aesthetically pleasing and comfortable atmosphere, exercise, and organized social activity was believed to work better for treating mental diseases than other methods such as restraints and bleedings.  Dr. Galt also went against conventional beliefs when he applied for and received legislative consent to accept mentally ill slaves as patients to the hospital in 1846.  However, by 1869, racial segregation was reestablished with the creation of Central Lunatic Asylum (later Central State Hospital) now located near Petersburg, Virginia.","By the 1930s the population of the hospital had outgrown its cramped quarters in downtown Williamsburg.  With no room to expand, the hospital began construction on what would be called the Dunbar Extension.  The land was formally known as the Dunbar Plantation and was located about three miles west of the city.  Four buildings were erected in 1936, but construction plans were halted when the United States became involved in World War Two.  Construction resumed in 1947 and continued for the better part of the next two decades.  For many years patients were split between the two sites, but by the late 1970s all patients were housed at Dunbar.  Many of the original downtown hospital buildings were demolished in the 1960s, though a recreation of the first Public Hospital building, completed in 1985, can be found on the grounds of Colonial Williamsburg.","Eastern State Hospital experienced various name changes over the years.  Originally known as the Public Hospital, it also became known as Eastern Lunatic State Hospital and Eastern Lunatic Asylum.  Through an act of the General Asssemby in 1894, the current name of Eastern State Hospital was established."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords of Eastern State Hospital, 1770-2009. [Cite specific accession number], State government records collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Records of Eastern State Hospital, 1770-2009. [Cite specific accession number], State government records collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries II., Subseries B. Architectural and Engineering Plans and Drawings is an artificially-created series made up of individually accessioned drawings that are part of the General Architectural Files Collection.  The origin of these items is unknown, though they may have at one time been part of an early accession of Eastern State Hospital records.  The inclusion of these drawings in this finding aid is for ease of research use.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003eResearchers should also note that records belonging to Western State Hospital were found during the transfer of accession 44812 to the Library of Virginia.  The records include correspondence, contracts, agreements, buildings and grounds records and other miscellaneous documents pertaining to operation of the hospital.  According to records at Eastern State and Western State, these items were removed from the Western State archives in 1983 and used by researchers to accurately reconstruct the Public Hospital at Colonial Williamsburg.  The records were never returned to Western State and were eventually found in a basement at Eastern State in 1987.  The records were taken to the Eastern State archives where they were housed until the hospital transferred its historical records to the Library of Virginia.  The records will remain part of Eastern State Hospital accession 44812, but will not be featured in the contents list below.  A full description of these records can be found in the finding aid titled \"Records of Western State Hospital,\" under Series VI. Records Found at Eastern State Hospital, 1825-1918. The Western State finding aid is available on the Virginia Heritage Project website.  \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Series II., Subseries B. Architectural and Engineering Plans and Drawings is an artificially-created series made up of individually accessioned drawings that are part of the General Architectural Files Collection.  The origin of these items is unknown, though they may have at one time been part of an early accession of Eastern State Hospital records.  The inclusion of these drawings in this finding aid is for ease of research use.","Researchers should also note that records belonging to Western State Hospital were found during the transfer of accession 44812 to the Library of Virginia.  The records include correspondence, contracts, agreements, buildings and grounds records and other miscellaneous documents pertaining to operation of the hospital.  According to records at Eastern State and Western State, these items were removed from the Western State archives in 1983 and used by researchers to accurately reconstruct the Public Hospital at Colonial Williamsburg.  The records were never returned to Western State and were eventually found in a basement at Eastern State in 1987.  The records were taken to the Eastern State archives where they were housed until the hospital transferred its historical records to the Library of Virginia.  The records will remain part of Eastern State Hospital accession 44812, but will not be featured in the contents list below.  A full description of these records can be found in the finding aid titled \"Records of Western State Hospital,\" under Series VI. Records Found at Eastern State Hospital, 1825-1918. The Western State finding aid is available on the Virginia Heritage Project website."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eContains volumes and paper records dating from 1770 to 2009.  The earliest material in the collection is a Court of Directors minute book, 1770-1801, though the bulk of the collection dates from the mid-nineteenth century through the twentieth century.  A few sporadic records from 2000-2009 exist as well.  Included in the Eastern State records are admission registers, correspondence and subject files, architectural drawings and construction files, photographs, personnel records, newsletters, news clippings, scrapbooks, publications and reports, meeting minutes, patient treatment, and financial records.  Also found in this collection are many files created and maintained by Dr. John Minson Galt, II that include his essays on mental health and other topics. The records as a whole document the complex administrative and operational aspects of the hospital, and to a lesser extent, patient life at Eastern State.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Contains volumes and paper records dating from 1770 to 2009.  The earliest material in the collection is a Court of Directors minute book, 1770-1801, though the bulk of the collection dates from the mid-nineteenth century through the twentieth century.  A few sporadic records from 2000-2009 exist as well.  Included in the Eastern State records are admission registers, correspondence and subject files, architectural drawings and construction files, photographs, personnel records, newsletters, news clippings, scrapbooks, publications and reports, meeting minutes, patient treatment, and financial records.  Also found in this collection are many files created and maintained by Dr. John Minson Galt, II that include his essays on mental health and other topics. The records as a whole document the complex administrative and operational aspects of the hospital, and to a lesser extent, patient life at Eastern State."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eConfidential or personally identifiable health information (PHI) less than 125 years of age that may be encountered during research will not be recorded, published, publicized, or re-disclosed to any other party for any purpose. Improper use and/or re-disclosure of privacy protected information is a breach of confidentiality which could result in the loss of access to the archival collections housed and maintained by The Library of Virginia, and could result in legal penalties (Code of Virginia, 18.2-186.3). Please see the \"Use Restrictions\" section of the finding aid for additional restriction information.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Confidential or personally identifiable health information (PHI) less than 125 years of age that may be encountered during research will not be recorded, published, publicized, or re-disclosed to any other party for any purpose. Improper use and/or re-disclosure of privacy protected information is a breach of confidentiality which could result in the loss of access to the archival collections housed and maintained by The Library of Virginia, and could result in legal penalties (Code of Virginia, 18.2-186.3). 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