{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Porgy+and+Bess+poster+collection%2C+1952%2F1956\u0026page=2\u0026view=list","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Porgy+and+Bess+poster+collection%2C+1952%2F1956\u0026page=1\u0026view=list","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Porgy+and+Bess+poster+collection%2C+1952%2F1956\u0026page=3\u0026view=list","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Porgy+and+Bess+poster+collection%2C+1952%2F1956\u0026page=9\u0026view=list"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":2,"next_page":3,"prev_page":1,"total_pages":9,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":10,"total_count":87,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c11","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Belgium - Brussels - Theatre de la Monnaie, 1956","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c11#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eFrench. 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The tour visited 89 cities and 29 countries. The opera's performance in the Soviet Union was considered the first cultural exchange post-World War II between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. The production eventually toured the United States, also to great success.","Processed by Special Collections Research Center Staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2020.","Reprocessed by Amanda Brent from October 2021 - February 2022. Finding aid completed by Amanda Brent in February 2022. Inventory updated September 2023.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  and the .","The New York Public Library, Archives and Manuscripts Division holds the , which has materials from the United States ANTA tour.","Content warning: Racist imagery. 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Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection donated by Lorraine Brown in 1995."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans","Opera","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Theater","Theatrical posters"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans","Opera","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Theater","Theatrical posters"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["84 posters; poster mock-ups and artwork"],"extent_tesim":["84 posters; poster mock-ups and artwork"],"genreform_ssim":["Theatrical posters"],"date_range_isim":[1952,1953,1954,1955,1956],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis posters in this collection were digitized by Kelsey Kim from May-June 2024 and are available to access upon request.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternate Format Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["This posters in this collection were digitized by Kelsey Kim from May-June 2024 and are available to access upon request."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe posters are arranged alphabetically by country and city where they were performed.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The posters are arranged alphabetically by country and city where they were performed."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Porgy and Bess\" is a 1934 American \"folk opera\" by George and Ira Gershwin, based on the play \"Porgy\" by Dorothy Heyward, which was itself an adaptation of the novel \"Porgy and Bess\" by DuBose Heyward. 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The production eventually toured the United States, also to great success."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePorgy and Bess poster collection, C0145, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, C0145, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center Staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2020. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReprocessed by Amanda Brent from October 2021 - February 2022. Finding aid completed by Amanda Brent in February 2022. Inventory updated September 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center Staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2020.","Reprocessed by Amanda Brent from October 2021 - February 2022. Finding aid completed by Amanda Brent in February 2022. Inventory updated September 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0004\" title=\"Robert and Wilva Breen papers\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e and the \u003cextptr href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0289\" title=\"Porgy and Bess letter from James Tipton\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe New York Public Library, Archives and Manuscripts Division holds the \u003cextptr href=\"https://archives.nypl.org/scm/21118\" title=\"Porgy and Bess collection\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, which has materials from the United States ANTA tour.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  and the .","The New York Public Library, Archives and Manuscripts Division holds the , which has materials from the United States ANTA tour."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eContent warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the ANTA-sponsored production of \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries, mostly European, during the mid-1950s. It also includes poster mock-ups, drawings, and art related to the production.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Content warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the ANTA-sponsored production of \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries, mostly European, during the mid-1950s. It also includes poster mock-ups, drawings, and art related to the production."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_32cf273d7a094b56619b7083b3a97a6c\"\u003eContent warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the American National Theatre and Academy (ANTA)-sponsored production of the Gershwin opera \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries - mostly European - during the mid-1950s. It also contains poster mock-ups and artwork related to the production.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Content warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the American National Theatre and Academy (ANTA)-sponsored production of the Gershwin opera \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries - mostly European - during the mid-1950s. It also contains poster mock-ups and artwork related to the production."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_603b4ba9d7c49a6f200f0087fcd3137b\"\u003eMap cases 10.1 - 10.2\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Map cases 10.1 - 10.2"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy"],"names_coll_ssim":["American National Theatre and Academy"],"persname_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy","George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"language_ssim":["Arabic\n      Croatian\n      Czech\n      Danish\n      Dutch; Flemish\n      English\n      French\n      German\n      Greek, Modern (1453-)\n      Hebrew\n      Italian\n      Polish\n      Portuguese\n      Spanish; Castilian\n      Russian"],"total_component_count_is":86,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:06.185Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c11"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c12","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Brazil - Rio de Janeiro - Teatro Municipal, 1955","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c12#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eBrazilian Portuguese. Four pieces; bright red background with off white border and white lettering inside of it. Size: 60\" x 92\". Two copies.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c12#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c12","ref_ssm":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c12"],"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c12","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","parent_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","parent_ssim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637"],"title_filing_ssi":"Brazil - Rio de Janeiro - Teatro Municipal","title_ssm":["Brazil - Rio de Janeiro - Teatro Municipal"],"title_tesim":["Brazil - Rio de Janeiro - Teatro Municipal"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Brazil - Rio de Janeiro - Teatro Municipal, 1955"],"text":["Brazil - Rio de Janeiro - Teatro Municipal, 1955","Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956","Box Map Case","Folder 10.1","Brazilian Portuguese. Four pieces; bright red background with off white border and white lettering inside of it. Size: 60\" x 92\". Two copies."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1955"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["July 6 - 13, 1955"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":12,"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"collection_ssim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"containers_ssim":["Box Map Case","Folder 10.1"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no access restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"date_range_isim":[1955],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBrazilian Portuguese. Four pieces; bright red background with off white border and white lettering inside of it. Size: 60\" x 92\". Two copies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Brazilian Portuguese. Four pieces; bright red background with off white border and white lettering inside of it. Size: 60\" x 92\". Two copies."],"_nest_path_":"/components#11","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:06.185Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_637.xml","title_ssm":["Porgy and Bess poster collection"],"title_tesim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1952 - 1956"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1952 - 1956"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1952/1956"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"text":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956","C0145","/repositories/2/resources/637","African Americans","Opera","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Theater","Theatrical posters","There are no access restrictions.","This posters in this collection were digitized by Kelsey Kim from May-June 2024 and are available to access upon request.","The posters are arranged alphabetically by country and city where they were performed.","\"Porgy and Bess\" is a 1934 American \"folk opera\" by George and Ira Gershwin, based on the play \"Porgy\" by Dorothy Heyward, which was itself an adaptation of the novel \"Porgy and Bess\" by DuBose Heyward. 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The tour visited 89 cities and 29 countries. The opera's performance in the Soviet Union was considered the first cultural exchange post-World War II between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. The production eventually toured the United States, also to great success.","Processed by Special Collections Research Center Staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2020.","Reprocessed by Amanda Brent from October 2021 - February 2022. Finding aid completed by Amanda Brent in February 2022. Inventory updated September 2023.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  and the .","The New York Public Library, Archives and Manuscripts Division holds the , which has materials from the United States ANTA tour.","Content warning: Racist imagery. 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Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection donated by Lorraine Brown in 1995."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans","Opera","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Theater","Theatrical posters"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans","Opera","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Theater","Theatrical posters"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["84 posters; poster mock-ups and artwork"],"extent_tesim":["84 posters; poster mock-ups and artwork"],"genreform_ssim":["Theatrical posters"],"date_range_isim":[1952,1953,1954,1955,1956],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis posters in this collection were digitized by Kelsey Kim from May-June 2024 and are available to access upon request.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternate Format Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["This posters in this collection were digitized by Kelsey Kim from May-June 2024 and are available to access upon request."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe posters are arranged alphabetically by country and city where they were performed.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The posters are arranged alphabetically by country and city where they were performed."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Porgy and Bess\" is a 1934 American \"folk opera\" by George and Ira Gershwin, based on the play \"Porgy\" by Dorothy Heyward, which was itself an adaptation of the novel \"Porgy and Bess\" by DuBose Heyward. The opera tells the story of Porgy, a disabled Black man living in Catfish Row, a slum of Charleston, South Carolina. Porgy encounters Bess, a Black woman wishing to escape an abusive relationship with her lover, Crown, and her drug dealer, Sportin' Life. The two eventually begin living together and fall in love, with many consequences ensuing. \"Porgy and Bess\" is considered a classic of American opera and is performed to this day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom its premiere, \"Porgy and Bess\" was controversial, mostly for the story's treatment of Black characters and perpetuating racial stereotypes. It was overall a commercial failure and met with little critical success. In 1942 a Broadway revival brought it back to the American public's attention, and the opera begin to receive success, which cemented it as a cultural touchstone. Eventually a large European tour was undertaken by Robert Breen and Blevins Davis of ANTA, which lasted from 1952 - 1956, to monumental success. The tour visited 89 cities and 29 countries. The opera's performance in the Soviet Union was considered the first cultural exchange post-World War II between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. The production eventually toured the United States, also to great success.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["\"Porgy and Bess\" is a 1934 American \"folk opera\" by George and Ira Gershwin, based on the play \"Porgy\" by Dorothy Heyward, which was itself an adaptation of the novel \"Porgy and Bess\" by DuBose Heyward. The opera tells the story of Porgy, a disabled Black man living in Catfish Row, a slum of Charleston, South Carolina. Porgy encounters Bess, a Black woman wishing to escape an abusive relationship with her lover, Crown, and her drug dealer, Sportin' Life. The two eventually begin living together and fall in love, with many consequences ensuing. \"Porgy and Bess\" is considered a classic of American opera and is performed to this day.","From its premiere, \"Porgy and Bess\" was controversial, mostly for the story's treatment of Black characters and perpetuating racial stereotypes. It was overall a commercial failure and met with little critical success. In 1942 a Broadway revival brought it back to the American public's attention, and the opera begin to receive success, which cemented it as a cultural touchstone. Eventually a large European tour was undertaken by Robert Breen and Blevins Davis of ANTA, which lasted from 1952 - 1956, to monumental success. The tour visited 89 cities and 29 countries. The opera's performance in the Soviet Union was considered the first cultural exchange post-World War II between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. The production eventually toured the United States, also to great success."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePorgy and Bess poster collection, C0145, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, C0145, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center Staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2020. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReprocessed by Amanda Brent from October 2021 - February 2022. Finding aid completed by Amanda Brent in February 2022. Inventory updated September 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center Staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2020.","Reprocessed by Amanda Brent from October 2021 - February 2022. Finding aid completed by Amanda Brent in February 2022. Inventory updated September 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0004\" title=\"Robert and Wilva Breen papers\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e and the \u003cextptr href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0289\" title=\"Porgy and Bess letter from James Tipton\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe New York Public Library, Archives and Manuscripts Division holds the \u003cextptr href=\"https://archives.nypl.org/scm/21118\" title=\"Porgy and Bess collection\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, which has materials from the United States ANTA tour.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  and the .","The New York Public Library, Archives and Manuscripts Division holds the , which has materials from the United States ANTA tour."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eContent warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the ANTA-sponsored production of \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries, mostly European, during the mid-1950s. It also includes poster mock-ups, drawings, and art related to the production.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Content warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the ANTA-sponsored production of \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries, mostly European, during the mid-1950s. It also includes poster mock-ups, drawings, and art related to the production."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_32cf273d7a094b56619b7083b3a97a6c\"\u003eContent warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the American National Theatre and Academy (ANTA)-sponsored production of the Gershwin opera \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries - mostly European - during the mid-1950s. It also contains poster mock-ups and artwork related to the production.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Content warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the American National Theatre and Academy (ANTA)-sponsored production of the Gershwin opera \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries - mostly European - during the mid-1950s. It also contains poster mock-ups and artwork related to the production."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_603b4ba9d7c49a6f200f0087fcd3137b\"\u003eMap cases 10.1 - 10.2\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Map cases 10.1 - 10.2"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy"],"names_coll_ssim":["American National Theatre and Academy"],"persname_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy","George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"language_ssim":["Arabic\n      Croatian\n      Czech\n      Danish\n      Dutch; Flemish\n      English\n      French\n      German\n      Greek, Modern (1453-)\n      Hebrew\n      Italian\n      Polish\n      Portuguese\n      Spanish; Castilian\n      Russian"],"total_component_count_is":86,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:06.185Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c12"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c13","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Czech Republic - Prague - Kerlin Theatre, 1956","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c13#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eCzech. Wash out off-white background' small black lettering, larger bold red lettering; on left side square with words \"Porgy and Bess.'\" Size: 24\" x 34\". Two copies.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c13#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c13","ref_ssm":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c13"],"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c13","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","parent_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","parent_ssim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637"],"title_filing_ssi":"Czech Republic - Prague - Kerlin Theatre","title_ssm":["Czech Republic - Prague - Kerlin Theatre"],"title_tesim":["Czech Republic - Prague - Kerlin Theatre"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Czech Republic - Prague - Kerlin Theatre, 1956"],"text":["Czech Republic - Prague - Kerlin Theatre, 1956","Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956","Box Map Case","Folder 10.1","Czech. Wash out off-white background' small black lettering, larger bold red lettering; on left side square with words \"Porgy and Bess.'\" Size: 24\" x 34\". Two copies."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1956"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["February 11 - 19, 1956"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":13,"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"collection_ssim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"containers_ssim":["Box Map Case","Folder 10.1"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no access restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"date_range_isim":[1956],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCzech. Wash out off-white background' small black lettering, larger bold red lettering; on left side square with words \"Porgy and Bess.'\" Size: 24\" x 34\". Two copies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Czech. Wash out off-white background' small black lettering, larger bold red lettering; on left side square with words \"Porgy and Bess.'\" Size: 24\" x 34\". Two copies."],"_nest_path_":"/components#12","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:06.185Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_637.xml","title_ssm":["Porgy and Bess poster collection"],"title_tesim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1952 - 1956"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1952 - 1956"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1952/1956"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"text":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956","C0145","/repositories/2/resources/637","African Americans","Opera","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Theater","Theatrical posters","There are no access restrictions.","This posters in this collection were digitized by Kelsey Kim from May-June 2024 and are available to access upon request.","The posters are arranged alphabetically by country and city where they were performed.","\"Porgy and Bess\" is a 1934 American \"folk opera\" by George and Ira Gershwin, based on the play \"Porgy\" by Dorothy Heyward, which was itself an adaptation of the novel \"Porgy and Bess\" by DuBose Heyward. The opera tells the story of Porgy, a disabled Black man living in Catfish Row, a slum of Charleston, South Carolina. Porgy encounters Bess, a Black woman wishing to escape an abusive relationship with her lover, Crown, and her drug dealer, Sportin' Life. The two eventually begin living together and fall in love, with many consequences ensuing. \"Porgy and Bess\" is considered a classic of American opera and is performed to this day.","From its premiere, \"Porgy and Bess\" was controversial, mostly for the story's treatment of Black characters and perpetuating racial stereotypes. It was overall a commercial failure and met with little critical success. In 1942 a Broadway revival brought it back to the American public's attention, and the opera begin to receive success, which cemented it as a cultural touchstone. Eventually a large European tour was undertaken by Robert Breen and Blevins Davis of ANTA, which lasted from 1952 - 1956, to monumental success. The tour visited 89 cities and 29 countries. The opera's performance in the Soviet Union was considered the first cultural exchange post-World War II between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. The production eventually toured the United States, also to great success.","Processed by Special Collections Research Center Staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2020.","Reprocessed by Amanda Brent from October 2021 - February 2022. Finding aid completed by Amanda Brent in February 2022. Inventory updated September 2023.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  and the .","The New York Public Library, Archives and Manuscripts Division holds the , which has materials from the United States ANTA tour.","Content warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the ANTA-sponsored production of \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries, mostly European, during the mid-1950s. It also includes poster mock-ups, drawings, and art related to the production.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","Content warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the American National Theatre and Academy (ANTA)-sponsored production of the Gershwin opera \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries - mostly European - during the mid-1950s. It also contains poster mock-ups and artwork related to the production.","Map cases 10.1 - 10.2","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy","George Mason University. 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Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy"],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection donated by Lorraine Brown in 1995."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans","Opera","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Theater","Theatrical posters"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans","Opera","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Theater","Theatrical posters"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["84 posters; poster mock-ups and artwork"],"extent_tesim":["84 posters; poster mock-ups and artwork"],"genreform_ssim":["Theatrical posters"],"date_range_isim":[1952,1953,1954,1955,1956],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis posters in this collection were digitized by Kelsey Kim from May-June 2024 and are available to access upon request.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternate Format Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["This posters in this collection were digitized by Kelsey Kim from May-June 2024 and are available to access upon request."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe posters are arranged alphabetically by country and city where they were performed.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The posters are arranged alphabetically by country and city where they were performed."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Porgy and Bess\" is a 1934 American \"folk opera\" by George and Ira Gershwin, based on the play \"Porgy\" by Dorothy Heyward, which was itself an adaptation of the novel \"Porgy and Bess\" by DuBose Heyward. The opera tells the story of Porgy, a disabled Black man living in Catfish Row, a slum of Charleston, South Carolina. Porgy encounters Bess, a Black woman wishing to escape an abusive relationship with her lover, Crown, and her drug dealer, Sportin' Life. The two eventually begin living together and fall in love, with many consequences ensuing. \"Porgy and Bess\" is considered a classic of American opera and is performed to this day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom its premiere, \"Porgy and Bess\" was controversial, mostly for the story's treatment of Black characters and perpetuating racial stereotypes. It was overall a commercial failure and met with little critical success. In 1942 a Broadway revival brought it back to the American public's attention, and the opera begin to receive success, which cemented it as a cultural touchstone. Eventually a large European tour was undertaken by Robert Breen and Blevins Davis of ANTA, which lasted from 1952 - 1956, to monumental success. The tour visited 89 cities and 29 countries. The opera's performance in the Soviet Union was considered the first cultural exchange post-World War II between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. The production eventually toured the United States, also to great success.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["\"Porgy and Bess\" is a 1934 American \"folk opera\" by George and Ira Gershwin, based on the play \"Porgy\" by Dorothy Heyward, which was itself an adaptation of the novel \"Porgy and Bess\" by DuBose Heyward. The opera tells the story of Porgy, a disabled Black man living in Catfish Row, a slum of Charleston, South Carolina. Porgy encounters Bess, a Black woman wishing to escape an abusive relationship with her lover, Crown, and her drug dealer, Sportin' Life. 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The production eventually toured the United States, also to great success."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePorgy and Bess poster collection, C0145, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, C0145, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center Staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2020. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReprocessed by Amanda Brent from October 2021 - February 2022. Finding aid completed by Amanda Brent in February 2022. Inventory updated September 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center Staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2020.","Reprocessed by Amanda Brent from October 2021 - February 2022. Finding aid completed by Amanda Brent in February 2022. Inventory updated September 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0004\" title=\"Robert and Wilva Breen papers\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e and the \u003cextptr href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0289\" title=\"Porgy and Bess letter from James Tipton\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe New York Public Library, Archives and Manuscripts Division holds the \u003cextptr href=\"https://archives.nypl.org/scm/21118\" title=\"Porgy and Bess collection\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, which has materials from the United States ANTA tour.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  and the .","The New York Public Library, Archives and Manuscripts Division holds the , which has materials from the United States ANTA tour."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eContent warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the ANTA-sponsored production of \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries, mostly European, during the mid-1950s. It also includes poster mock-ups, drawings, and art related to the production.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Content warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the ANTA-sponsored production of \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries, mostly European, during the mid-1950s. It also includes poster mock-ups, drawings, and art related to the production."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_32cf273d7a094b56619b7083b3a97a6c\"\u003eContent warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the American National Theatre and Academy (ANTA)-sponsored production of the Gershwin opera \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries - mostly European - during the mid-1950s. It also contains poster mock-ups and artwork related to the production.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Content warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the American National Theatre and Academy (ANTA)-sponsored production of the Gershwin opera \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries - mostly European - during the mid-1950s. It also contains poster mock-ups and artwork related to the production."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_603b4ba9d7c49a6f200f0087fcd3137b\"\u003eMap cases 10.1 - 10.2\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Map cases 10.1 - 10.2"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy"],"names_coll_ssim":["American National Theatre and Academy"],"persname_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy","George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"language_ssim":["Arabic\n      Croatian\n      Czech\n      Danish\n      Dutch; Flemish\n      English\n      French\n      German\n      Greek, Modern (1453-)\n      Hebrew\n      Italian\n      Polish\n      Portuguese\n      Spanish; Castilian\n      Russian"],"total_component_count_is":86,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:06.185Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c13"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c14","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Denmark - Aarhus - Aarhus-Hallen, 1956","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c14#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eDanish. White background in middle with lime green lettering and black writing; black and white photographs taken from characters and scenes of the play act as the border. Size: 24\" x 33.25\". Two copies.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c14#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c14","ref_ssm":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c14"],"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c14","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","parent_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","parent_ssim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637"],"title_filing_ssi":"Denmark - Aarhus - Aarhus-Hallen","title_ssm":["Denmark - Aarhus - Aarhus-Hallen"],"title_tesim":["Denmark - Aarhus - Aarhus-Hallen"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Denmark - Aarhus - Aarhus-Hallen, 1956"],"text":["Denmark - Aarhus - Aarhus-Hallen, 1956","Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956","Box Map Case","Folder 10.1","Danish. White background in middle with lime green lettering and black writing; black and white photographs taken from characters and scenes of the play act as the border. Size: 24\" x 33.25\". 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White background in middle with lime green lettering and black writing; black and white photographs taken from characters and scenes of the play act as the border. Size: 24\" x 33.25\". Two copies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Danish. White background in middle with lime green lettering and black writing; black and white photographs taken from characters and scenes of the play act as the border. Size: 24\" x 33.25\". Two copies."],"_nest_path_":"/components#13","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:06.185Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_637.xml","title_ssm":["Porgy and Bess poster collection"],"title_tesim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1952 - 1956"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1952 - 1956"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1952/1956"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"text":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956","C0145","/repositories/2/resources/637","African Americans","Opera","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Theater","Theatrical posters","There are no access restrictions.","This posters in this collection were digitized by Kelsey Kim from May-June 2024 and are available to access upon request.","The posters are arranged alphabetically by country and city where they were performed.","\"Porgy and Bess\" is a 1934 American \"folk opera\" by George and Ira Gershwin, based on the play \"Porgy\" by Dorothy Heyward, which was itself an adaptation of the novel \"Porgy and Bess\" by DuBose Heyward. The opera tells the story of Porgy, a disabled Black man living in Catfish Row, a slum of Charleston, South Carolina. Porgy encounters Bess, a Black woman wishing to escape an abusive relationship with her lover, Crown, and her drug dealer, Sportin' Life. The two eventually begin living together and fall in love, with many consequences ensuing. \"Porgy and Bess\" is considered a classic of American opera and is performed to this day.","From its premiere, \"Porgy and Bess\" was controversial, mostly for the story's treatment of Black characters and perpetuating racial stereotypes. It was overall a commercial failure and met with little critical success. In 1942 a Broadway revival brought it back to the American public's attention, and the opera begin to receive success, which cemented it as a cultural touchstone. Eventually a large European tour was undertaken by Robert Breen and Blevins Davis of ANTA, which lasted from 1952 - 1956, to monumental success. The tour visited 89 cities and 29 countries. The opera's performance in the Soviet Union was considered the first cultural exchange post-World War II between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. The production eventually toured the United States, also to great success.","Processed by Special Collections Research Center Staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2020.","Reprocessed by Amanda Brent from October 2021 - February 2022. Finding aid completed by Amanda Brent in February 2022. Inventory updated September 2023.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  and the .","The New York Public Library, Archives and Manuscripts Division holds the , which has materials from the United States ANTA tour.","Content warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the ANTA-sponsored production of \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries, mostly European, during the mid-1950s. It also includes poster mock-ups, drawings, and art related to the production.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","Content warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the American National Theatre and Academy (ANTA)-sponsored production of the Gershwin opera \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries - mostly European - during the mid-1950s. It also contains poster mock-ups and artwork related to the production.","Map cases 10.1 - 10.2","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy","George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center.","Arabic\n      Croatian\n      Czech\n      Danish\n      Dutch; Flemish\n      English\n      French\n      German\n      Greek, Modern (1453-)\n      Hebrew\n      Italian\n      Polish\n      Portuguese\n      Spanish; Castilian\n      Russian"],"collection_title_tesim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"collection_ssim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0145","/repositories/2/resources/637"],"unitid_tesim":["C0145","/repositories/2/resources/637"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"creator_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"creator_persname_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy"],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection donated by Lorraine Brown in 1995."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans","Opera","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Theater","Theatrical posters"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans","Opera","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Theater","Theatrical posters"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["84 posters; poster mock-ups and artwork"],"extent_tesim":["84 posters; poster mock-ups and artwork"],"genreform_ssim":["Theatrical posters"],"date_range_isim":[1952,1953,1954,1955,1956],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis posters in this collection were digitized by Kelsey Kim from May-June 2024 and are available to access upon request.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternate Format Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["This posters in this collection were digitized by Kelsey Kim from May-June 2024 and are available to access upon request."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe posters are arranged alphabetically by country and city where they were performed.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The posters are arranged alphabetically by country and city where they were performed."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Porgy and Bess\" is a 1934 American \"folk opera\" by George and Ira Gershwin, based on the play \"Porgy\" by Dorothy Heyward, which was itself an adaptation of the novel \"Porgy and Bess\" by DuBose Heyward. The opera tells the story of Porgy, a disabled Black man living in Catfish Row, a slum of Charleston, South Carolina. Porgy encounters Bess, a Black woman wishing to escape an abusive relationship with her lover, Crown, and her drug dealer, Sportin' Life. The two eventually begin living together and fall in love, with many consequences ensuing. \"Porgy and Bess\" is considered a classic of American opera and is performed to this day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom its premiere, \"Porgy and Bess\" was controversial, mostly for the story's treatment of Black characters and perpetuating racial stereotypes. It was overall a commercial failure and met with little critical success. In 1942 a Broadway revival brought it back to the American public's attention, and the opera begin to receive success, which cemented it as a cultural touchstone. Eventually a large European tour was undertaken by Robert Breen and Blevins Davis of ANTA, which lasted from 1952 - 1956, to monumental success. The tour visited 89 cities and 29 countries. The opera's performance in the Soviet Union was considered the first cultural exchange post-World War II between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. The production eventually toured the United States, also to great success.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["\"Porgy and Bess\" is a 1934 American \"folk opera\" by George and Ira Gershwin, based on the play \"Porgy\" by Dorothy Heyward, which was itself an adaptation of the novel \"Porgy and Bess\" by DuBose Heyward. The opera tells the story of Porgy, a disabled Black man living in Catfish Row, a slum of Charleston, South Carolina. Porgy encounters Bess, a Black woman wishing to escape an abusive relationship with her lover, Crown, and her drug dealer, Sportin' Life. The two eventually begin living together and fall in love, with many consequences ensuing. \"Porgy and Bess\" is considered a classic of American opera and is performed to this day.","From its premiere, \"Porgy and Bess\" was controversial, mostly for the story's treatment of Black characters and perpetuating racial stereotypes. It was overall a commercial failure and met with little critical success. In 1942 a Broadway revival brought it back to the American public's attention, and the opera begin to receive success, which cemented it as a cultural touchstone. Eventually a large European tour was undertaken by Robert Breen and Blevins Davis of ANTA, which lasted from 1952 - 1956, to monumental success. The tour visited 89 cities and 29 countries. The opera's performance in the Soviet Union was considered the first cultural exchange post-World War II between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. The production eventually toured the United States, also to great success."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePorgy and Bess poster collection, C0145, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, C0145, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center Staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2020. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReprocessed by Amanda Brent from October 2021 - February 2022. Finding aid completed by Amanda Brent in February 2022. Inventory updated September 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center Staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2020.","Reprocessed by Amanda Brent from October 2021 - February 2022. Finding aid completed by Amanda Brent in February 2022. Inventory updated September 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0004\" title=\"Robert and Wilva Breen papers\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e and the \u003cextptr href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0289\" title=\"Porgy and Bess letter from James Tipton\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe New York Public Library, Archives and Manuscripts Division holds the \u003cextptr href=\"https://archives.nypl.org/scm/21118\" title=\"Porgy and Bess collection\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, which has materials from the United States ANTA tour.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  and the .","The New York Public Library, Archives and Manuscripts Division holds the , which has materials from the United States ANTA tour."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eContent warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the ANTA-sponsored production of \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries, mostly European, during the mid-1950s. It also includes poster mock-ups, drawings, and art related to the production.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Content warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the ANTA-sponsored production of \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries, mostly European, during the mid-1950s. It also includes poster mock-ups, drawings, and art related to the production."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_32cf273d7a094b56619b7083b3a97a6c\"\u003eContent warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the American National Theatre and Academy (ANTA)-sponsored production of the Gershwin opera \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries - mostly European - during the mid-1950s. It also contains poster mock-ups and artwork related to the production.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Content warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the American National Theatre and Academy (ANTA)-sponsored production of the Gershwin opera \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries - mostly European - during the mid-1950s. It also contains poster mock-ups and artwork related to the production."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_603b4ba9d7c49a6f200f0087fcd3137b\"\u003eMap cases 10.1 - 10.2\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Map cases 10.1 - 10.2"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy"],"names_coll_ssim":["American National Theatre and Academy"],"persname_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy","George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"language_ssim":["Arabic\n      Croatian\n      Czech\n      Danish\n      Dutch; Flemish\n      English\n      French\n      German\n      Greek, Modern (1453-)\n      Hebrew\n      Italian\n      Polish\n      Portuguese\n      Spanish; Castilian\n      Russian"],"total_component_count_is":86,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:06.185Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c14"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c15","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Egypt - Alexandria - Theatre Mohamed Aly, 1954/1955","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c15#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eFrench. White background; blue border with white stars, blue and red letters. Size: 36\" x 47\". Two copies.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c15#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c15","ref_ssm":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c15"],"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c15","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","parent_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","parent_ssim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637"],"title_filing_ssi":"Egypt - Alexandria - Theatre Mohamed Aly","title_ssm":["Egypt - Alexandria - Theatre Mohamed Aly"],"title_tesim":["Egypt - Alexandria - Theatre Mohamed Aly"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Egypt - Alexandria - Theatre Mohamed Aly, 1954/1955"],"text":["Egypt - Alexandria - Theatre Mohamed Aly, 1954/1955","Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956","Box Map Case","Folder 10.1","French. White background; blue border with white stars, blue and red letters. Size: 36\" x 47\". Two copies."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1954/1955"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["December 31, 1954 - January 1, 1955"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":15,"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"collection_ssim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"containers_ssim":["Box Map Case","Folder 10.1"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no access restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"date_range_isim":[1954,1955],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrench. White background; blue border with white stars, blue and red letters. Size: 36\" x 47\". Two copies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["French. White background; blue border with white stars, blue and red letters. Size: 36\" x 47\". Two copies."],"_nest_path_":"/components#14","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:06.185Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_637.xml","title_ssm":["Porgy and Bess poster collection"],"title_tesim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1952 - 1956"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1952 - 1956"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1952/1956"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"text":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956","C0145","/repositories/2/resources/637","African Americans","Opera","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Theater","Theatrical posters","There are no access restrictions.","This posters in this collection were digitized by Kelsey Kim from May-June 2024 and are available to access upon request.","The posters are arranged alphabetically by country and city where they were performed.","\"Porgy and Bess\" is a 1934 American \"folk opera\" by George and Ira Gershwin, based on the play \"Porgy\" by Dorothy Heyward, which was itself an adaptation of the novel \"Porgy and Bess\" by DuBose Heyward. The opera tells the story of Porgy, a disabled Black man living in Catfish Row, a slum of Charleston, South Carolina. Porgy encounters Bess, a Black woman wishing to escape an abusive relationship with her lover, Crown, and her drug dealer, Sportin' Life. The two eventually begin living together and fall in love, with many consequences ensuing. \"Porgy and Bess\" is considered a classic of American opera and is performed to this day.","From its premiere, \"Porgy and Bess\" was controversial, mostly for the story's treatment of Black characters and perpetuating racial stereotypes. It was overall a commercial failure and met with little critical success. In 1942 a Broadway revival brought it back to the American public's attention, and the opera begin to receive success, which cemented it as a cultural touchstone. Eventually a large European tour was undertaken by Robert Breen and Blevins Davis of ANTA, which lasted from 1952 - 1956, to monumental success. The tour visited 89 cities and 29 countries. The opera's performance in the Soviet Union was considered the first cultural exchange post-World War II between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. The production eventually toured the United States, also to great success.","Processed by Special Collections Research Center Staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2020.","Reprocessed by Amanda Brent from October 2021 - February 2022. Finding aid completed by Amanda Brent in February 2022. Inventory updated September 2023.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  and the .","The New York Public Library, Archives and Manuscripts Division holds the , which has materials from the United States ANTA tour.","Content warning: Racist imagery. 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The tour visited 89 cities and 29 countries. The opera's performance in the Soviet Union was considered the first cultural exchange post-World War II between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. The production eventually toured the United States, also to great success.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["\"Porgy and Bess\" is a 1934 American \"folk opera\" by George and Ira Gershwin, based on the play \"Porgy\" by Dorothy Heyward, which was itself an adaptation of the novel \"Porgy and Bess\" by DuBose Heyward. The opera tells the story of Porgy, a disabled Black man living in Catfish Row, a slum of Charleston, South Carolina. Porgy encounters Bess, a Black woman wishing to escape an abusive relationship with her lover, Crown, and her drug dealer, Sportin' Life. 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The production eventually toured the United States, also to great success."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePorgy and Bess poster collection, C0145, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, C0145, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center Staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2020. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReprocessed by Amanda Brent from October 2021 - February 2022. Finding aid completed by Amanda Brent in February 2022. Inventory updated September 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center Staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2020.","Reprocessed by Amanda Brent from October 2021 - February 2022. Finding aid completed by Amanda Brent in February 2022. Inventory updated September 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0004\" title=\"Robert and Wilva Breen papers\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e and the \u003cextptr href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0289\" title=\"Porgy and Bess letter from James Tipton\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe New York Public Library, Archives and Manuscripts Division holds the \u003cextptr href=\"https://archives.nypl.org/scm/21118\" title=\"Porgy and Bess collection\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, which has materials from the United States ANTA tour.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  and the .","The New York Public Library, Archives and Manuscripts Division holds the , which has materials from the United States ANTA tour."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eContent warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the ANTA-sponsored production of \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries, mostly European, during the mid-1950s. It also includes poster mock-ups, drawings, and art related to the production.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Content warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the ANTA-sponsored production of \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries, mostly European, during the mid-1950s. It also includes poster mock-ups, drawings, and art related to the production."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_32cf273d7a094b56619b7083b3a97a6c\"\u003eContent warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the American National Theatre and Academy (ANTA)-sponsored production of the Gershwin opera \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries - mostly European - during the mid-1950s. It also contains poster mock-ups and artwork related to the production.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Content warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the American National Theatre and Academy (ANTA)-sponsored production of the Gershwin opera \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries - mostly European - during the mid-1950s. It also contains poster mock-ups and artwork related to the production."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_603b4ba9d7c49a6f200f0087fcd3137b\"\u003eMap cases 10.1 - 10.2\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Map cases 10.1 - 10.2"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy"],"names_coll_ssim":["American National Theatre and Academy"],"persname_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy","George Mason University. 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White background, blue star border, blue and red lettering, Egyptian Arabic words at top. Size: 35\" x 44.5\"."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1955"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["January 7 - 12, 1955"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":16,"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"collection_ssim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"containers_ssim":["Box Map Case","Folder 10.1"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no access restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"date_range_isim":[1955],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrench, Egyptian Arabic. White background, blue star border, blue and red lettering, Egyptian Arabic words at top. Size: 35\" x 44.5\".\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["French, Egyptian Arabic. White background, blue star border, blue and red lettering, Egyptian Arabic words at top. 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The opera tells the story of Porgy, a disabled Black man living in Catfish Row, a slum of Charleston, South Carolina. Porgy encounters Bess, a Black woman wishing to escape an abusive relationship with her lover, Crown, and her drug dealer, Sportin' Life. The two eventually begin living together and fall in love, with many consequences ensuing. \"Porgy and Bess\" is considered a classic of American opera and is performed to this day.","From its premiere, \"Porgy and Bess\" was controversial, mostly for the story's treatment of Black characters and perpetuating racial stereotypes. It was overall a commercial failure and met with little critical success. In 1942 a Broadway revival brought it back to the American public's attention, and the opera begin to receive success, which cemented it as a cultural touchstone. Eventually a large European tour was undertaken by Robert Breen and Blevins Davis of ANTA, which lasted from 1952 - 1956, to monumental success. The tour visited 89 cities and 29 countries. The opera's performance in the Soviet Union was considered the first cultural exchange post-World War II between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. The production eventually toured the United States, also to great success.","Processed by Special Collections Research Center Staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2020.","Reprocessed by Amanda Brent from October 2021 - February 2022. Finding aid completed by Amanda Brent in February 2022. Inventory updated September 2023.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  and the .","The New York Public Library, Archives and Manuscripts Division holds the , which has materials from the United States ANTA tour.","Content warning: Racist imagery. 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Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection donated by Lorraine Brown in 1995."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans","Opera","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Theater","Theatrical posters"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans","Opera","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Theater","Theatrical posters"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["84 posters; poster mock-ups and artwork"],"extent_tesim":["84 posters; poster mock-ups and artwork"],"genreform_ssim":["Theatrical posters"],"date_range_isim":[1952,1953,1954,1955,1956],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis posters in this collection were digitized by Kelsey Kim from May-June 2024 and are available to access upon request.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternate Format Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["This posters in this collection were digitized by Kelsey Kim from May-June 2024 and are available to access upon request."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe posters are arranged alphabetically by country and city where they were performed.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The posters are arranged alphabetically by country and city where they were performed."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Porgy and Bess\" is a 1934 American \"folk opera\" by George and Ira Gershwin, based on the play \"Porgy\" by Dorothy Heyward, which was itself an adaptation of the novel \"Porgy and Bess\" by DuBose Heyward. 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The tour visited 89 cities and 29 countries. The opera's performance in the Soviet Union was considered the first cultural exchange post-World War II between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. The production eventually toured the United States, also to great success.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["\"Porgy and Bess\" is a 1934 American \"folk opera\" by George and Ira Gershwin, based on the play \"Porgy\" by Dorothy Heyward, which was itself an adaptation of the novel \"Porgy and Bess\" by DuBose Heyward. The opera tells the story of Porgy, a disabled Black man living in Catfish Row, a slum of Charleston, South Carolina. Porgy encounters Bess, a Black woman wishing to escape an abusive relationship with her lover, Crown, and her drug dealer, Sportin' Life. 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The production eventually toured the United States, also to great success."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePorgy and Bess poster collection, C0145, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, C0145, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center Staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2020. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReprocessed by Amanda Brent from October 2021 - February 2022. Finding aid completed by Amanda Brent in February 2022. Inventory updated September 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center Staff. 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Inventory updated September 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0004\" title=\"Robert and Wilva Breen papers\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e and the \u003cextptr href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0289\" title=\"Porgy and Bess letter from James Tipton\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe New York Public Library, Archives and Manuscripts Division holds the \u003cextptr href=\"https://archives.nypl.org/scm/21118\" title=\"Porgy and Bess collection\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, which has materials from the United States ANTA tour.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  and the .","The New York Public Library, Archives and Manuscripts Division holds the , which has materials from the United States ANTA tour."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eContent warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the ANTA-sponsored production of \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries, mostly European, during the mid-1950s. It also includes poster mock-ups, drawings, and art related to the production.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Content warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the ANTA-sponsored production of \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries, mostly European, during the mid-1950s. It also includes poster mock-ups, drawings, and art related to the production."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_32cf273d7a094b56619b7083b3a97a6c\"\u003eContent warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the American National Theatre and Academy (ANTA)-sponsored production of the Gershwin opera \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries - mostly European - during the mid-1950s. It also contains poster mock-ups and artwork related to the production.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Content warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the American National Theatre and Academy (ANTA)-sponsored production of the Gershwin opera \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries - mostly European - during the mid-1950s. It also contains poster mock-ups and artwork related to the production."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_603b4ba9d7c49a6f200f0087fcd3137b\"\u003eMap cases 10.1 - 10.2\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Map cases 10.1 - 10.2"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy"],"names_coll_ssim":["American National Theatre and Academy"],"persname_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy","George Mason University. 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Purple background with white lettering. Size: 36'' x 53''. Two copies."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1955"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["March 26, circa 1955"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":18,"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"collection_ssim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"containers_ssim":["Box Map Case","Folder 10.1"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no access restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"date_range_isim":[1955],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrench. Purple background with white lettering. Size: 36'' x 53''. Two copies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["French. Purple background with white lettering. Size: 36'' x 53''. Two copies."],"_nest_path_":"/components#17","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:06.185Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_637.xml","title_ssm":["Porgy and Bess poster collection"],"title_tesim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1952 - 1956"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1952 - 1956"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1952/1956"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"text":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956","C0145","/repositories/2/resources/637","African Americans","Opera","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Theater","Theatrical posters","There are no access restrictions.","This posters in this collection were digitized by Kelsey Kim from May-June 2024 and are available to access upon request.","The posters are arranged alphabetically by country and city where they were performed.","\"Porgy and Bess\" is a 1934 American \"folk opera\" by George and Ira Gershwin, based on the play \"Porgy\" by Dorothy Heyward, which was itself an adaptation of the novel \"Porgy and Bess\" by DuBose Heyward. The opera tells the story of Porgy, a disabled Black man living in Catfish Row, a slum of Charleston, South Carolina. Porgy encounters Bess, a Black woman wishing to escape an abusive relationship with her lover, Crown, and her drug dealer, Sportin' Life. The two eventually begin living together and fall in love, with many consequences ensuing. \"Porgy and Bess\" is considered a classic of American opera and is performed to this day.","From its premiere, \"Porgy and Bess\" was controversial, mostly for the story's treatment of Black characters and perpetuating racial stereotypes. It was overall a commercial failure and met with little critical success. In 1942 a Broadway revival brought it back to the American public's attention, and the opera begin to receive success, which cemented it as a cultural touchstone. Eventually a large European tour was undertaken by Robert Breen and Blevins Davis of ANTA, which lasted from 1952 - 1956, to monumental success. The tour visited 89 cities and 29 countries. The opera's performance in the Soviet Union was considered the first cultural exchange post-World War II between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. The production eventually toured the United States, also to great success.","Processed by Special Collections Research Center Staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2020.","Reprocessed by Amanda Brent from October 2021 - February 2022. Finding aid completed by Amanda Brent in February 2022. Inventory updated September 2023.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  and the .","The New York Public Library, Archives and Manuscripts Division holds the , which has materials from the United States ANTA tour.","Content warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the ANTA-sponsored production of \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries, mostly European, during the mid-1950s. It also includes poster mock-ups, drawings, and art related to the production.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","Content warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the American National Theatre and Academy (ANTA)-sponsored production of the Gershwin opera \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries - mostly European - during the mid-1950s. It also contains poster mock-ups and artwork related to the production.","Map cases 10.1 - 10.2","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy","George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center.","Arabic\n      Croatian\n      Czech\n      Danish\n      Dutch; Flemish\n      English\n      French\n      German\n      Greek, Modern (1453-)\n      Hebrew\n      Italian\n      Polish\n      Portuguese\n      Spanish; Castilian\n      Russian"],"collection_title_tesim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"collection_ssim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0145","/repositories/2/resources/637"],"unitid_tesim":["C0145","/repositories/2/resources/637"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"creator_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"creator_persname_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy"],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection donated by Lorraine Brown in 1995."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans","Opera","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Theater","Theatrical posters"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans","Opera","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Theater","Theatrical posters"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["84 posters; poster mock-ups and artwork"],"extent_tesim":["84 posters; poster mock-ups and artwork"],"genreform_ssim":["Theatrical posters"],"date_range_isim":[1952,1953,1954,1955,1956],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis posters in this collection were digitized by Kelsey Kim from May-June 2024 and are available to access upon request.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternate Format Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["This posters in this collection were digitized by Kelsey Kim from May-June 2024 and are available to access upon request."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe posters are arranged alphabetically by country and city where they were performed.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The posters are arranged alphabetically by country and city where they were performed."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Porgy and Bess\" is a 1934 American \"folk opera\" by George and Ira Gershwin, based on the play \"Porgy\" by Dorothy Heyward, which was itself an adaptation of the novel \"Porgy and Bess\" by DuBose Heyward. The opera tells the story of Porgy, a disabled Black man living in Catfish Row, a slum of Charleston, South Carolina. Porgy encounters Bess, a Black woman wishing to escape an abusive relationship with her lover, Crown, and her drug dealer, Sportin' Life. The two eventually begin living together and fall in love, with many consequences ensuing. \"Porgy and Bess\" is considered a classic of American opera and is performed to this day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom its premiere, \"Porgy and Bess\" was controversial, mostly for the story's treatment of Black characters and perpetuating racial stereotypes. It was overall a commercial failure and met with little critical success. In 1942 a Broadway revival brought it back to the American public's attention, and the opera begin to receive success, which cemented it as a cultural touchstone. Eventually a large European tour was undertaken by Robert Breen and Blevins Davis of ANTA, which lasted from 1952 - 1956, to monumental success. The tour visited 89 cities and 29 countries. The opera's performance in the Soviet Union was considered the first cultural exchange post-World War II between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. The production eventually toured the United States, also to great success.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["\"Porgy and Bess\" is a 1934 American \"folk opera\" by George and Ira Gershwin, based on the play \"Porgy\" by Dorothy Heyward, which was itself an adaptation of the novel \"Porgy and Bess\" by DuBose Heyward. The opera tells the story of Porgy, a disabled Black man living in Catfish Row, a slum of Charleston, South Carolina. Porgy encounters Bess, a Black woman wishing to escape an abusive relationship with her lover, Crown, and her drug dealer, Sportin' Life. The two eventually begin living together and fall in love, with many consequences ensuing. \"Porgy and Bess\" is considered a classic of American opera and is performed to this day.","From its premiere, \"Porgy and Bess\" was controversial, mostly for the story's treatment of Black characters and perpetuating racial stereotypes. It was overall a commercial failure and met with little critical success. In 1942 a Broadway revival brought it back to the American public's attention, and the opera begin to receive success, which cemented it as a cultural touchstone. Eventually a large European tour was undertaken by Robert Breen and Blevins Davis of ANTA, which lasted from 1952 - 1956, to monumental success. The tour visited 89 cities and 29 countries. The opera's performance in the Soviet Union was considered the first cultural exchange post-World War II between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. The production eventually toured the United States, also to great success."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePorgy and Bess poster collection, C0145, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, C0145, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center Staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2020. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReprocessed by Amanda Brent from October 2021 - February 2022. Finding aid completed by Amanda Brent in February 2022. Inventory updated September 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center Staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2020.","Reprocessed by Amanda Brent from October 2021 - February 2022. Finding aid completed by Amanda Brent in February 2022. Inventory updated September 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0004\" title=\"Robert and Wilva Breen papers\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e and the \u003cextptr href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0289\" title=\"Porgy and Bess letter from James Tipton\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe New York Public Library, Archives and Manuscripts Division holds the \u003cextptr href=\"https://archives.nypl.org/scm/21118\" title=\"Porgy and Bess collection\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, which has materials from the United States ANTA tour.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  and the .","The New York Public Library, Archives and Manuscripts Division holds the , which has materials from the United States ANTA tour."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eContent warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the ANTA-sponsored production of \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries, mostly European, during the mid-1950s. It also includes poster mock-ups, drawings, and art related to the production.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Content warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the ANTA-sponsored production of \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries, mostly European, during the mid-1950s. It also includes poster mock-ups, drawings, and art related to the production."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_32cf273d7a094b56619b7083b3a97a6c\"\u003eContent warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the American National Theatre and Academy (ANTA)-sponsored production of the Gershwin opera \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries - mostly European - during the mid-1950s. It also contains poster mock-ups and artwork related to the production.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Content warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the American National Theatre and Academy (ANTA)-sponsored production of the Gershwin opera \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries - mostly European - during the mid-1950s. It also contains poster mock-ups and artwork related to the production."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_603b4ba9d7c49a6f200f0087fcd3137b\"\u003eMap cases 10.1 - 10.2\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Map cases 10.1 - 10.2"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy"],"names_coll_ssim":["American National Theatre and Academy"],"persname_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy","George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"language_ssim":["Arabic\n      Croatian\n      Czech\n      Danish\n      Dutch; Flemish\n      English\n      French\n      German\n      Greek, Modern (1453-)\n      Hebrew\n      Italian\n      Polish\n      Portuguese\n      Spanish; Castilian\n      Russian"],"total_component_count_is":86,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:06.185Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c18"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c17","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"France - Marseille - Opera Municipal, 1955","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c17#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eFrench. Off-white background, red and blue lettering. Size: 12\" x 18\". Three copies.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c17#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c17","ref_ssm":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c17"],"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c17","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","parent_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","parent_ssim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637"],"title_filing_ssi":"France - Marseille - Opera Municipal","title_ssm":["France - Marseille - Opera Municipal"],"title_tesim":["France - Marseille - Opera Municipal"],"normalized_title_ssm":["France - Marseille - Opera Municipal, 1955"],"text":["France - Marseille - Opera Municipal, 1955","Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956","Box Map Case","Folder 10.1","French. Off-white background, red and blue lettering. Size: 12\" x 18\". Three copies."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1955"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["March 26 - April 4, 1955"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":17,"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"collection_ssim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"containers_ssim":["Box Map Case","Folder 10.1"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no access restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"date_range_isim":[1955],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrench. Off-white background, red and blue lettering. Size: 12\" x 18\". Three copies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["French. Off-white background, red and blue lettering. Size: 12\" x 18\". Three copies."],"_nest_path_":"/components#16","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:06.185Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_637.xml","title_ssm":["Porgy and Bess poster collection"],"title_tesim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1952 - 1956"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1952 - 1956"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1952/1956"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"text":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956","C0145","/repositories/2/resources/637","African Americans","Opera","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Theater","Theatrical posters","There are no access restrictions.","This posters in this collection were digitized by Kelsey Kim from May-June 2024 and are available to access upon request.","The posters are arranged alphabetically by country and city where they were performed.","\"Porgy and Bess\" is a 1934 American \"folk opera\" by George and Ira Gershwin, based on the play \"Porgy\" by Dorothy Heyward, which was itself an adaptation of the novel \"Porgy and Bess\" by DuBose Heyward. The opera tells the story of Porgy, a disabled Black man living in Catfish Row, a slum of Charleston, South Carolina. Porgy encounters Bess, a Black woman wishing to escape an abusive relationship with her lover, Crown, and her drug dealer, Sportin' Life. The two eventually begin living together and fall in love, with many consequences ensuing. \"Porgy and Bess\" is considered a classic of American opera and is performed to this day.","From its premiere, \"Porgy and Bess\" was controversial, mostly for the story's treatment of Black characters and perpetuating racial stereotypes. It was overall a commercial failure and met with little critical success. In 1942 a Broadway revival brought it back to the American public's attention, and the opera begin to receive success, which cemented it as a cultural touchstone. Eventually a large European tour was undertaken by Robert Breen and Blevins Davis of ANTA, which lasted from 1952 - 1956, to monumental success. The tour visited 89 cities and 29 countries. The opera's performance in the Soviet Union was considered the first cultural exchange post-World War II between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. The production eventually toured the United States, also to great success.","Processed by Special Collections Research Center Staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2020.","Reprocessed by Amanda Brent from October 2021 - February 2022. Finding aid completed by Amanda Brent in February 2022. Inventory updated September 2023.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  and the .","The New York Public Library, Archives and Manuscripts Division holds the , which has materials from the United States ANTA tour.","Content warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the ANTA-sponsored production of \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries, mostly European, during the mid-1950s. It also includes poster mock-ups, drawings, and art related to the production.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","Content warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the American National Theatre and Academy (ANTA)-sponsored production of the Gershwin opera \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries - mostly European - during the mid-1950s. It also contains poster mock-ups and artwork related to the production.","Map cases 10.1 - 10.2","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy","George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center.","Arabic\n      Croatian\n      Czech\n      Danish\n      Dutch; Flemish\n      English\n      French\n      German\n      Greek, Modern (1453-)\n      Hebrew\n      Italian\n      Polish\n      Portuguese\n      Spanish; Castilian\n      Russian"],"collection_title_tesim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"collection_ssim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0145","/repositories/2/resources/637"],"unitid_tesim":["C0145","/repositories/2/resources/637"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"creator_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"creator_persname_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy"],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection donated by Lorraine Brown in 1995."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans","Opera","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Theater","Theatrical posters"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans","Opera","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Theater","Theatrical posters"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["84 posters; poster mock-ups and artwork"],"extent_tesim":["84 posters; poster mock-ups and artwork"],"genreform_ssim":["Theatrical posters"],"date_range_isim":[1952,1953,1954,1955,1956],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis posters in this collection were digitized by Kelsey Kim from May-June 2024 and are available to access upon request.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternate Format Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["This posters in this collection were digitized by Kelsey Kim from May-June 2024 and are available to access upon request."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe posters are arranged alphabetically by country and city where they were performed.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The posters are arranged alphabetically by country and city where they were performed."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Porgy and Bess\" is a 1934 American \"folk opera\" by George and Ira Gershwin, based on the play \"Porgy\" by Dorothy Heyward, which was itself an adaptation of the novel \"Porgy and Bess\" by DuBose Heyward. 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The tour visited 89 cities and 29 countries. The opera's performance in the Soviet Union was considered the first cultural exchange post-World War II between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. The production eventually toured the United States, also to great success.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["\"Porgy and Bess\" is a 1934 American \"folk opera\" by George and Ira Gershwin, based on the play \"Porgy\" by Dorothy Heyward, which was itself an adaptation of the novel \"Porgy and Bess\" by DuBose Heyward. The opera tells the story of Porgy, a disabled Black man living in Catfish Row, a slum of Charleston, South Carolina. Porgy encounters Bess, a Black woman wishing to escape an abusive relationship with her lover, Crown, and her drug dealer, Sportin' Life. The two eventually begin living together and fall in love, with many consequences ensuing. \"Porgy and Bess\" is considered a classic of American opera and is performed to this day.","From its premiere, \"Porgy and Bess\" was controversial, mostly for the story's treatment of Black characters and perpetuating racial stereotypes. It was overall a commercial failure and met with little critical success. In 1942 a Broadway revival brought it back to the American public's attention, and the opera begin to receive success, which cemented it as a cultural touchstone. Eventually a large European tour was undertaken by Robert Breen and Blevins Davis of ANTA, which lasted from 1952 - 1956, to monumental success. The tour visited 89 cities and 29 countries. The opera's performance in the Soviet Union was considered the first cultural exchange post-World War II between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. The production eventually toured the United States, also to great success."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePorgy and Bess poster collection, C0145, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, C0145, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center Staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2020. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReprocessed by Amanda Brent from October 2021 - February 2022. Finding aid completed by Amanda Brent in February 2022. Inventory updated September 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center Staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2020.","Reprocessed by Amanda Brent from October 2021 - February 2022. Finding aid completed by Amanda Brent in February 2022. Inventory updated September 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0004\" title=\"Robert and Wilva Breen papers\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e and the \u003cextptr href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0289\" title=\"Porgy and Bess letter from James Tipton\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe New York Public Library, Archives and Manuscripts Division holds the \u003cextptr href=\"https://archives.nypl.org/scm/21118\" title=\"Porgy and Bess collection\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, which has materials from the United States ANTA tour.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  and the .","The New York Public Library, Archives and Manuscripts Division holds the , which has materials from the United States ANTA tour."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eContent warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the ANTA-sponsored production of \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries, mostly European, during the mid-1950s. It also includes poster mock-ups, drawings, and art related to the production.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Content warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the ANTA-sponsored production of \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries, mostly European, during the mid-1950s. It also includes poster mock-ups, drawings, and art related to the production."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_32cf273d7a094b56619b7083b3a97a6c\"\u003eContent warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the American National Theatre and Academy (ANTA)-sponsored production of the Gershwin opera \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries - mostly European - during the mid-1950s. It also contains poster mock-ups and artwork related to the production.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Content warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the American National Theatre and Academy (ANTA)-sponsored production of the Gershwin opera \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries - mostly European - during the mid-1950s. It also contains poster mock-ups and artwork related to the production."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_603b4ba9d7c49a6f200f0087fcd3137b\"\u003eMap cases 10.1 - 10.2\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Map cases 10.1 - 10.2"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy"],"names_coll_ssim":["American National Theatre and Academy"],"persname_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy","George Mason University. 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Green background with black and white lettering. Size: 16\" x 24\" (small). Two copies."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1953"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["February 16 - March 1, 1953"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":20,"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"collection_ssim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"containers_ssim":["Box Map Case","Folder 10.1"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no access restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"date_range_isim":[1953],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrench. Green background with black and white lettering. Size: 16\" x 24\" (small). Two copies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["French. Green background with black and white lettering. Size: 16\" x 24\" (small). 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The opera tells the story of Porgy, a disabled Black man living in Catfish Row, a slum of Charleston, South Carolina. Porgy encounters Bess, a Black woman wishing to escape an abusive relationship with her lover, Crown, and her drug dealer, Sportin' Life. The two eventually begin living together and fall in love, with many consequences ensuing. \"Porgy and Bess\" is considered a classic of American opera and is performed to this day.","From its premiere, \"Porgy and Bess\" was controversial, mostly for the story's treatment of Black characters and perpetuating racial stereotypes. It was overall a commercial failure and met with little critical success. In 1942 a Broadway revival brought it back to the American public's attention, and the opera begin to receive success, which cemented it as a cultural touchstone. Eventually a large European tour was undertaken by Robert Breen and Blevins Davis of ANTA, which lasted from 1952 - 1956, to monumental success. The tour visited 89 cities and 29 countries. The opera's performance in the Soviet Union was considered the first cultural exchange post-World War II between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. The production eventually toured the United States, also to great success.","Processed by Special Collections Research Center Staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2020.","Reprocessed by Amanda Brent from October 2021 - February 2022. Finding aid completed by Amanda Brent in February 2022. Inventory updated September 2023.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  and the .","The New York Public Library, Archives and Manuscripts Division holds the , which has materials from the United States ANTA tour.","Content warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the ANTA-sponsored production of \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries, mostly European, during the mid-1950s. It also includes poster mock-ups, drawings, and art related to the production.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","Content warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the American National Theatre and Academy (ANTA)-sponsored production of the Gershwin opera \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries - mostly European - during the mid-1950s. It also contains poster mock-ups and artwork related to the production.","Map cases 10.1 - 10.2","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy","George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center.","Arabic\n      Croatian\n      Czech\n      Danish\n      Dutch; Flemish\n      English\n      French\n      German\n      Greek, Modern (1453-)\n      Hebrew\n      Italian\n      Polish\n      Portuguese\n      Spanish; Castilian\n      Russian"],"collection_title_tesim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"collection_ssim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0145","/repositories/2/resources/637"],"unitid_tesim":["C0145","/repositories/2/resources/637"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"creator_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"creator_persname_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy"],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection donated by Lorraine Brown in 1995."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans","Opera","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Theater","Theatrical posters"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans","Opera","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Theater","Theatrical posters"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["84 posters; poster mock-ups and artwork"],"extent_tesim":["84 posters; poster mock-ups and artwork"],"genreform_ssim":["Theatrical posters"],"date_range_isim":[1952,1953,1954,1955,1956],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis posters in this collection were digitized by Kelsey Kim from May-June 2024 and are available to access upon request.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternate Format Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["This posters in this collection were digitized by Kelsey Kim from May-June 2024 and are available to access upon request."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe posters are arranged alphabetically by country and city where they were performed.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The posters are arranged alphabetically by country and city where they were performed."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Porgy and Bess\" is a 1934 American \"folk opera\" by George and Ira Gershwin, based on the play \"Porgy\" by Dorothy Heyward, which was itself an adaptation of the novel \"Porgy and Bess\" by DuBose Heyward. The opera tells the story of Porgy, a disabled Black man living in Catfish Row, a slum of Charleston, South Carolina. Porgy encounters Bess, a Black woman wishing to escape an abusive relationship with her lover, Crown, and her drug dealer, Sportin' Life. The two eventually begin living together and fall in love, with many consequences ensuing. \"Porgy and Bess\" is considered a classic of American opera and is performed to this day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom its premiere, \"Porgy and Bess\" was controversial, mostly for the story's treatment of Black characters and perpetuating racial stereotypes. It was overall a commercial failure and met with little critical success. In 1942 a Broadway revival brought it back to the American public's attention, and the opera begin to receive success, which cemented it as a cultural touchstone. Eventually a large European tour was undertaken by Robert Breen and Blevins Davis of ANTA, which lasted from 1952 - 1956, to monumental success. The tour visited 89 cities and 29 countries. The opera's performance in the Soviet Union was considered the first cultural exchange post-World War II between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. The production eventually toured the United States, also to great success.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["\"Porgy and Bess\" is a 1934 American \"folk opera\" by George and Ira Gershwin, based on the play \"Porgy\" by Dorothy Heyward, which was itself an adaptation of the novel \"Porgy and Bess\" by DuBose Heyward. The opera tells the story of Porgy, a disabled Black man living in Catfish Row, a slum of Charleston, South Carolina. Porgy encounters Bess, a Black woman wishing to escape an abusive relationship with her lover, Crown, and her drug dealer, Sportin' Life. 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The production eventually toured the United States, also to great success."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePorgy and Bess poster collection, C0145, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, C0145, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center Staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2020. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReprocessed by Amanda Brent from October 2021 - February 2022. Finding aid completed by Amanda Brent in February 2022. Inventory updated September 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center Staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2020.","Reprocessed by Amanda Brent from October 2021 - February 2022. Finding aid completed by Amanda Brent in February 2022. Inventory updated September 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0004\" title=\"Robert and Wilva Breen papers\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e and the \u003cextptr href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0289\" title=\"Porgy and Bess letter from James Tipton\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe New York Public Library, Archives and Manuscripts Division holds the \u003cextptr href=\"https://archives.nypl.org/scm/21118\" title=\"Porgy and Bess collection\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, which has materials from the United States ANTA tour.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  and the .","The New York Public Library, Archives and Manuscripts Division holds the , which has materials from the United States ANTA tour."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eContent warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the ANTA-sponsored production of \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries, mostly European, during the mid-1950s. It also includes poster mock-ups, drawings, and art related to the production.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Content warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the ANTA-sponsored production of \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries, mostly European, during the mid-1950s. 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This collection contains posters promoting the American National Theatre and Academy (ANTA)-sponsored production of the Gershwin opera \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries - mostly European - during the mid-1950s. It also contains poster mock-ups and artwork related to the production."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_603b4ba9d7c49a6f200f0087fcd3137b\"\u003eMap cases 10.1 - 10.2\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Map cases 10.1 - 10.2"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy"],"names_coll_ssim":["American National Theatre and Academy"],"persname_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy","George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"language_ssim":["Arabic\n      Croatian\n      Czech\n      Danish\n      Dutch; Flemish\n      English\n      French\n      German\n      Greek, Modern (1453-)\n      Hebrew\n      Italian\n      Polish\n      Portuguese\n      Spanish; Castilian\n      Russian"],"total_component_count_is":86,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:06.185Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c20"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c21","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"France - Paris - Theatre de l'Empire, 1954","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c21#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eFrench. Vertical, dark green background with white border, large bold black letters. Size: 16\" x 23\" (small). 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Vertical, dark green background with white border, large bold black letters. Size: 16\" x 23\" (small). Two copies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["French. Vertical, dark green background with white border, large bold black letters. Size: 16\" x 23\" (small). 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This collection contains posters promoting the ANTA-sponsored production of \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries, mostly European, during the mid-1950s. It also includes poster mock-ups, drawings, and art related to the production.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","Content warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the American National Theatre and Academy (ANTA)-sponsored production of the Gershwin opera \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries - mostly European - during the mid-1950s. It also contains poster mock-ups and artwork related to the production.","Map cases 10.1 - 10.2","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy","George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center.","Arabic\n      Croatian\n      Czech\n      Danish\n      Dutch; Flemish\n      English\n      French\n      German\n      Greek, Modern (1453-)\n      Hebrew\n      Italian\n      Polish\n      Portuguese\n      Spanish; Castilian\n      Russian"],"collection_title_tesim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"collection_ssim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0145","/repositories/2/resources/637"],"unitid_tesim":["C0145","/repositories/2/resources/637"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"creator_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"creator_persname_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy"],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection donated by Lorraine Brown in 1995."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans","Opera","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Theater","Theatrical posters"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans","Opera","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Theater","Theatrical posters"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["84 posters; poster mock-ups and artwork"],"extent_tesim":["84 posters; poster mock-ups and artwork"],"genreform_ssim":["Theatrical posters"],"date_range_isim":[1952,1953,1954,1955,1956],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis posters in this collection were digitized by Kelsey Kim from May-June 2024 and are available to access upon request.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternate Format Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["This posters in this collection were digitized by Kelsey Kim from May-June 2024 and are available to access upon request."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe posters are arranged alphabetically by country and city where they were performed.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The posters are arranged alphabetically by country and city where they were performed."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Porgy and Bess\" is a 1934 American \"folk opera\" by George and Ira Gershwin, based on the play \"Porgy\" by Dorothy Heyward, which was itself an adaptation of the novel \"Porgy and Bess\" by DuBose Heyward. The opera tells the story of Porgy, a disabled Black man living in Catfish Row, a slum of Charleston, South Carolina. Porgy encounters Bess, a Black woman wishing to escape an abusive relationship with her lover, Crown, and her drug dealer, Sportin' Life. The two eventually begin living together and fall in love, with many consequences ensuing. \"Porgy and Bess\" is considered a classic of American opera and is performed to this day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom its premiere, \"Porgy and Bess\" was controversial, mostly for the story's treatment of Black characters and perpetuating racial stereotypes. It was overall a commercial failure and met with little critical success. In 1942 a Broadway revival brought it back to the American public's attention, and the opera begin to receive success, which cemented it as a cultural touchstone. Eventually a large European tour was undertaken by Robert Breen and Blevins Davis of ANTA, which lasted from 1952 - 1956, to monumental success. The tour visited 89 cities and 29 countries. The opera's performance in the Soviet Union was considered the first cultural exchange post-World War II between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. The production eventually toured the United States, also to great success.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["\"Porgy and Bess\" is a 1934 American \"folk opera\" by George and Ira Gershwin, based on the play \"Porgy\" by Dorothy Heyward, which was itself an adaptation of the novel \"Porgy and Bess\" by DuBose Heyward. The opera tells the story of Porgy, a disabled Black man living in Catfish Row, a slum of Charleston, South Carolina. Porgy encounters Bess, a Black woman wishing to escape an abusive relationship with her lover, Crown, and her drug dealer, Sportin' Life. The two eventually begin living together and fall in love, with many consequences ensuing. \"Porgy and Bess\" is considered a classic of American opera and is performed to this day.","From its premiere, \"Porgy and Bess\" was controversial, mostly for the story's treatment of Black characters and perpetuating racial stereotypes. It was overall a commercial failure and met with little critical success. In 1942 a Broadway revival brought it back to the American public's attention, and the opera begin to receive success, which cemented it as a cultural touchstone. Eventually a large European tour was undertaken by Robert Breen and Blevins Davis of ANTA, which lasted from 1952 - 1956, to monumental success. The tour visited 89 cities and 29 countries. The opera's performance in the Soviet Union was considered the first cultural exchange post-World War II between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. The production eventually toured the United States, also to great success."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePorgy and Bess poster collection, C0145, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Porgy and Bess poster collection, C0145, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center Staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2020. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReprocessed by Amanda Brent from October 2021 - February 2022. Finding aid completed by Amanda Brent in February 2022. Inventory updated September 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center Staff. EAD markup completed in February 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2020.","Reprocessed by Amanda Brent from October 2021 - February 2022. Finding aid completed by Amanda Brent in February 2022. Inventory updated September 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0004\" title=\"Robert and Wilva Breen papers\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e and the \u003cextptr href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0289\" title=\"Porgy and Bess letter from James Tipton\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe New York Public Library, Archives and Manuscripts Division holds the \u003cextptr href=\"https://archives.nypl.org/scm/21118\" title=\"Porgy and Bess collection\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, which has materials from the United States ANTA tour.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  and the .","The New York Public Library, Archives and Manuscripts Division holds the , which has materials from the United States ANTA tour."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eContent warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the ANTA-sponsored production of \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries, mostly European, during the mid-1950s. It also includes poster mock-ups, drawings, and art related to the production.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Content warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the ANTA-sponsored production of \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries, mostly European, during the mid-1950s. It also includes poster mock-ups, drawings, and art related to the production."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_32cf273d7a094b56619b7083b3a97a6c\"\u003eContent warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the American National Theatre and Academy (ANTA)-sponsored production of the Gershwin opera \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries - mostly European - during the mid-1950s. It also contains poster mock-ups and artwork related to the production.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Content warning: Racist imagery. This collection contains posters promoting the American National Theatre and Academy (ANTA)-sponsored production of the Gershwin opera \"Porgy and Bess\" as it toured various countries - mostly European - during the mid-1950s. It also contains poster mock-ups and artwork related to the production."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_603b4ba9d7c49a6f200f0087fcd3137b\"\u003eMap cases 10.1 - 10.2\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Map cases 10.1 - 10.2"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy"],"names_coll_ssim":["American National Theatre and Academy"],"persname_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American National Theatre and Academy","George Mason University. Special Collections Research Center."],"language_ssim":["Arabic\n      Croatian\n      Czech\n      Danish\n      Dutch; Flemish\n      English\n      French\n      German\n      Greek, Modern (1453-)\n      Hebrew\n      Italian\n      Polish\n      Portuguese\n      Spanish; Castilian\n      Russian"],"total_component_count_is":86,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:06.185Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_637_c21"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"George Mason University","value":"George Mason University","hits":87},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Porgy+and+Bess+poster+collection%2C+1952%2F1956\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University\u0026view=list"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Porgy+and+Bess+poster+collection%2C+1952%2F1956\u0026view=list"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956","value":"Porgy and Bess poster collection, 1952/1956","hits":87},"links":{"remove":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Porgy+and+Bess+poster+collection%2C+1952%2F1956\u0026view=list"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/collection_ssim.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Porgy+and+Bess+poster+collection%2C+1952%2F1956\u0026view=list"}},{"type":"facet","id":"date_range_isim","attributes":{"label":"Date range","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"1952","value":"1952","hits":8},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Porgy+and+Bess+poster+collection%2C+1952%2F1956\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1952\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1953","value":"1953","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Porgy+and+Bess+poster+collection%2C+1952%2F1956\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1953\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1954","value":"1954","hits":13},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Porgy+and+Bess+poster+collection%2C+1952%2F1956\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1954\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1955","value":"1955","hits":54},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Porgy+and+Bess+poster+collection%2C+1952%2F1956\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1955\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1956","value":"1956","hits":15},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Porgy+and+Bess+poster+collection%2C+1952%2F1956\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1956\u0026view=list"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/date_range_isim.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Porgy+and+Bess+poster+collection%2C+1952%2F1956\u0026view=list"}},{"type":"facet","id":"creator_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Creator","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"George Mason University. 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