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As Minister to France in 1794-1796, he displayed strong sympathies for the French cause; later, with Robert R. Livingston, he helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchase. His ambition and energy, together with the backing of President Madison, made him the Republican choice for the Presidency in 1816. With little Federalist opposition, he easily won re-election in 1820. Monroe made unusually strong Cabinet choices, naming a Southerner, John C. Calhoun, as Secretary of War, and a northerner, John Quincy Adams, as Secretary of State. Only Henry Clay's refusal kept Monroe from adding an outstanding Westerner.","Early in his administration, Monroe undertook a goodwill tour. At Boston, his visit was hailed as the beginning of an \"Era of Good Feelings.\" Unfortunately these \"good feelings\" did not endure, although Monroe, his popularity undiminished, followed nationalist policies.","Across the facade of nationalism, ugly sectional cracks appeared. A painful economic depression undoubtedly increased the dismay of the people of the Missouri Territory in 1819 when their application for admission to the Union as a slave state failed. An amended bill for gradually eliminating slavery in Missouri precipitated two years of bitter debate in Congress. The Missouri Compromise bill resolved the struggle, pairing Missouri as a slave state with Maine, a free state, and barring slavery north and west of Missouri forever.","In foreign affairs Monroe proclaimed the fundamental policy that bears his name, responding to the threat that the more conservative governments in Europe might try to aid Spain in winning back her former Latin American colonies. Monroe did not begin formally to recognize the young sister republics until 1822, after ascertaining that Congress would vote appropriations for diplomatic missions. He and Secretary of State John Quincy Adams wished to avoid trouble with Spain until it had ceded the Floridas, as was done in 1821.","Great Britain, with its powerful navy, also opposed reconquest of Latin America and suggested that the United States join in proclaiming \"hands off.\" Ex-Presidents Jefferson and Madison counseled Monroe to accept the offer, but Secretary Adams advised, \"It would be more candid ... to avow our principles explicitly to Russia and France, than to come in as a cock-boat in the wake of the British man-of-war.\"","Monroe accepted Adams's advice. Not only must Latin America be left alone, he warned, but also Russia must not encroach southward on the Pacific coast. \". . . the American continents,\" he stated, \"by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European Power.\" Some 20 years after Monroe died in 1831, this became known as the Monroe Doctrine.","The Papers of James Monroe (ca. 209 items) consist chiefly of correspondence with friends, family members, and fellow politicians.","#7224","#38-112","Original in the Hitchcock-Coit Collection of Mills College Library.\n                  #5957","#8991","#5533","#6106","#7716-l","#38-114","#4476","#3419","#10398-a","#7262","#1661","#7224","#4501","#5718-d","#2119-a","#4909","#8707-a","#8739-a","#2196","#7289-b","#5320","#5320","#2362-d","#2119","#5533-a","#9510","#2854","#4384","#5533-a","#1231","#309","#1532","#4909","#4776","#5533-c","Monroe apologizes for replying so late and then says that he hopes that he will be able to provide the requested money but is not sure where he would be able to find the funds to do so.","#1397","#8005","#7792","#1532","#1398","#13915","Original in Papers of Thomas Jefferson. \n                  #4776-a","#38-550","#7650","#3098","#2988","#2854","#2447","#7224","#1661","#7326","#10631","#8739-a","#2529","#8739-a","#5845","#2598","#8739-a","#8739-a","#8739-a","#8739-a","#8481","#7299","#7262","#5106","#5412","#1398","#1331","#1714","#5533-n","#4559","#7929","#6691","#4619","#4476","#3339","#1232","#38-486","#6691-a","#5842","#5239","#7308","Asking for consideration as replacement for General Lyman as Consul in Great Britain","#5533-c","#5383-a","#1661","#6697","#1232","#4748","#5951","#7102","#2315","#6569","#1564","#8739-a","#3699","#8739-a","#2288","#3930","#2832-b","#5077","#6569","#3800","#6995","#4188","#9737-c","#4476","#8807-a","#2119-a","#3248","#2718","#7455","#8800","#8685","#4509","#6691-b","#7499","#3537","#7262","#2717","#2717","#2717","#8669","#3248","#2360","#10428-f","#2717","#2717","#2196","#8005","#2717","#4926","#4830","#9382","#2360","#5009","#8700","#8689","#2598-a","#2718","#2134","#4832","#3248","#3490-a","#1661","#3957","#38-304","#8557","#1921-a","#6569","#2019-a","#3643","#2718","#9119","#2718","#5476","#7530-b","#4970","#5320","#5853-b","#860","#4909","#6073","#2474","#4476","#8107","#5951","#2718","#3248","#7678","#8063","#5533-c","The minutes for December 1826 are titled \"Proceedings of the Board of Visitors December 1826\" and are initialed by Monroe on the front cover. \n            The minutes for July 1827 are titled \"Proceedings of the Rector and Visitors July 1827\" and are docketed by Monroe on the rear cover. Both are in the \n          hand of Nicholas P. 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As Minister to France in 1794-1796, he displayed strong sympathies for the French cause; later, with Robert R. Livingston, he helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchase. His ambition and energy, together with the backing of President Madison, made him the Republican choice for the Presidency in 1816. With little Federalist opposition, he easily won re-election in 1820. Monroe made unusually strong Cabinet choices, naming a Southerner, John C. Calhoun, as Secretary of War, and a northerner, John Quincy Adams, as Secretary of State. Only Henry Clay's refusal kept Monroe from adding an outstanding Westerner.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nEarly in his administration, Monroe undertook a goodwill tour. At Boston, his visit was hailed as the beginning of an \"Era of Good Feelings.\" Unfortunately these \"good feelings\" did not endure, although Monroe, his popularity undiminished, followed nationalist policies.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nAcross the facade of nationalism, ugly sectional cracks appeared. A painful economic depression undoubtedly increased the dismay of the people of the Missouri Territory in 1819 when their application for admission to the Union as a slave state failed. An amended bill for gradually eliminating slavery in Missouri precipitated two years of bitter debate in Congress. The Missouri Compromise bill resolved the struggle, pairing Missouri as a slave state with Maine, a free state, and barring slavery north and west of Missouri forever.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nIn foreign affairs Monroe proclaimed the fundamental policy that bears his name, responding to the threat that the more conservative governments in Europe might try to aid Spain in winning back her former Latin American colonies. Monroe did not begin formally to recognize the young sister republics until 1822, after ascertaining that Congress would vote appropriations for diplomatic missions. He and Secretary of State John Quincy Adams wished to avoid trouble with Spain until it had ceded the Floridas, as was done in 1821.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nGreat Britain, with its powerful navy, also opposed reconquest of Latin America and suggested that the United States join in proclaiming \"hands off.\" Ex-Presidents Jefferson and Madison counseled Monroe to accept the offer, but Secretary Adams advised, \"It would be more candid ... to avow our principles explicitly to Russia and France, than to come in as a cock-boat in the wake of the British man-of-war.\"\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nMonroe accepted Adams's advice. Not only must Latin America be left alone, he warned, but also Russia must not encroach southward on the Pacific coast. \". . . the American continents,\" he stated, \"by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European Power.\" Some 20 years after Monroe died in 1831, this became known as the Monroe Doctrine.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Fifth President 1817-1825; born April 28, 1758 in Westmoreland County, Virginia; married, Elizabeth Kortright (1768-1830) February 16, 1786; children: Eliza Kortright Monroe (1786-1835), James Spence Monroe (1799-1800), Maria Hester Monroe (1803-1850); died July 4, 1831 in New York, New York; buried: Hollywood Cemetery, Richmond, Virginia.","Born in Westmoreland County, Virginia, in 1758, Monroe attended the College of William and Mary, fought with distinction in the Continental Army, and practiced law in Fredericksburg, Virginia.","As a youthful politician, he joined the anti-Federalists in the Virginia Convention which ratified the Constitution, and in 1790, an advocate of Jeffersonian policies, was elected United States Senator. As Minister to France in 1794-1796, he displayed strong sympathies for the French cause; later, with Robert R. Livingston, he helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchase. His ambition and energy, together with the backing of President Madison, made him the Republican choice for the Presidency in 1816. With little Federalist opposition, he easily won re-election in 1820. Monroe made unusually strong Cabinet choices, naming a Southerner, John C. Calhoun, as Secretary of War, and a northerner, John Quincy Adams, as Secretary of State. Only Henry Clay's refusal kept Monroe from adding an outstanding Westerner.","Early in his administration, Monroe undertook a goodwill tour. At Boston, his visit was hailed as the beginning of an \"Era of Good Feelings.\" Unfortunately these \"good feelings\" did not endure, although Monroe, his popularity undiminished, followed nationalist policies.","Across the facade of nationalism, ugly sectional cracks appeared. A painful economic depression undoubtedly increased the dismay of the people of the Missouri Territory in 1819 when their application for admission to the Union as a slave state failed. An amended bill for gradually eliminating slavery in Missouri precipitated two years of bitter debate in Congress. The Missouri Compromise bill resolved the struggle, pairing Missouri as a slave state with Maine, a free state, and barring slavery north and west of Missouri forever.","In foreign affairs Monroe proclaimed the fundamental policy that bears his name, responding to the threat that the more conservative governments in Europe might try to aid Spain in winning back her former Latin American colonies. Monroe did not begin formally to recognize the young sister republics until 1822, after ascertaining that Congress would vote appropriations for diplomatic missions. He and Secretary of State John Quincy Adams wished to avoid trouble with Spain until it had ceded the Floridas, as was done in 1821.","Great Britain, with its powerful navy, also opposed reconquest of Latin America and suggested that the United States join in proclaiming \"hands off.\" Ex-Presidents Jefferson and Madison counseled Monroe to accept the offer, but Secretary Adams advised, \"It would be more candid ... to avow our principles explicitly to Russia and France, than to come in as a cock-boat in the wake of the British man-of-war.\"","Monroe accepted Adams's advice. Not only must Latin America be left alone, he warned, but also Russia must not encroach southward on the Pacific coast. \". . . the American continents,\" he stated, \"by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European Power.\" Some 20 years after Monroe died in 1831, this became known as the Monroe Doctrine."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of James Monroe, Accession #[ ], Special\n            Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n            Charlottesville, Va.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of James Monroe, Accession #[ ], Special\n            Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n            Charlottesville, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Papers of James Monroe (ca. 209 items) consist chiefly of correspondence with friends, family members, and fellow politicians.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    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provide the requested money but is not sure where he would be able to find the funds to do so.\u003c/p\u003e\n          ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1397\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#8005\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#7792\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1532\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1398\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#13915\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003eOriginal in Papers of Thomas Jefferson. \n                  \u003cnum\u003e#4776-a\u003c/num\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#38-550\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n        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","\u003cp\u003eAsking for consideration as replacement for General Lyman as Consul in Great Britain\u003c/p\u003e\n          ","\u003cp\u003e\u003cnum\u003e#5533-c\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5383-a\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1661\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#6697\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1232\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#4748\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5951\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#7102\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#2315\u003c/num\u003e\n 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","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#7678\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#8063\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5533-c\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003eThe minutes for December 1826 are titled \"Proceedings of the Board of Visitors December 1826\" and are initialed by Monroe on the front cover. \n            The minutes for July 1827 are titled \"Proceedings of the Rector and Visitors July 1827\" and are docketed by Monroe on the rear cover. Both are in the \n          hand of Nicholas P. Trist.\u003c/p\u003e\n          ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#RG-1/1/1.481\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#7289-b\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#11946\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#11945-a\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#11943-a\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#3184\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1480\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5914\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#4476\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            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As Minister to France in 1794-1796, he displayed strong sympathies for the French cause; later, with Robert R. Livingston, he helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchase. His ambition and energy, together with the backing of President Madison, made him the Republican choice for the Presidency in 1816. With little Federalist opposition, he easily won re-election in 1820. Monroe made unusually strong Cabinet choices, naming a Southerner, John C. Calhoun, as Secretary of War, and a northerner, John Quincy Adams, as Secretary of State. Only Henry Clay's refusal kept Monroe from adding an outstanding Westerner.","Early in his administration, Monroe undertook a goodwill tour. At Boston, his visit was hailed as the beginning of an \"Era of Good Feelings.\" Unfortunately these \"good feelings\" did not endure, although Monroe, his popularity undiminished, followed nationalist policies.","Across the facade of nationalism, ugly sectional cracks appeared. A painful economic depression undoubtedly increased the dismay of the people of the Missouri Territory in 1819 when their application for admission to the Union as a slave state failed. An amended bill for gradually eliminating slavery in Missouri precipitated two years of bitter debate in Congress. The Missouri Compromise bill resolved the struggle, pairing Missouri as a slave state with Maine, a free state, and barring slavery north and west of Missouri forever.","In foreign affairs Monroe proclaimed the fundamental policy that bears his name, responding to the threat that the more conservative governments in Europe might try to aid Spain in winning back her former Latin American colonies. Monroe did not begin formally to recognize the young sister republics until 1822, after ascertaining that Congress would vote appropriations for diplomatic missions. He and Secretary of State John Quincy Adams wished to avoid trouble with Spain until it had ceded the Floridas, as was done in 1821.","Great Britain, with its powerful navy, also opposed reconquest of Latin America and suggested that the United States join in proclaiming \"hands off.\" Ex-Presidents Jefferson and Madison counseled Monroe to accept the offer, but Secretary Adams advised, \"It would be more candid ... to avow our principles explicitly to Russia and France, than to come in as a cock-boat in the wake of the British man-of-war.\"","Monroe accepted Adams's advice. Not only must Latin America be left alone, he warned, but also Russia must not encroach southward on the Pacific coast. \". . . the American continents,\" he stated, \"by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European Power.\" Some 20 years after Monroe died in 1831, this became known as the Monroe Doctrine.","The Papers of James Monroe (ca. 209 items) consist chiefly of correspondence with friends, family members, and fellow politicians.","#7224","#38-112","Original in the Hitchcock-Coit Collection of Mills College Library.\n                  #5957","#8991","#5533","#6106","#7716-l","#38-114","#4476","#3419","#10398-a","#7262","#1661","#7224","#4501","#5718-d","#2119-a","#4909","#8707-a","#8739-a","#2196","#7289-b","#5320","#5320","#2362-d","#2119","#5533-a","#9510","#2854","#4384","#5533-a","#1231","#309","#1532","#4909","#4776","#5533-c","Monroe apologizes for replying so late and then says that he hopes that he will be able to provide the requested money but is not sure where he would be able to find the funds to do so.","#1397","#8005","#7792","#1532","#1398","#13915","Original in Papers of Thomas Jefferson. \n                  #4776-a","#38-550","#7650","#3098","#2988","#2854","#2447","#7224","#1661","#7326","#10631","#8739-a","#2529","#8739-a","#5845","#2598","#8739-a","#8739-a","#8739-a","#8739-a","#8481","#7299","#7262","#5106","#5412","#1398","#1331","#1714","#5533-n","#4559","#7929","#6691","#4619","#4476","#3339","#1232","#38-486","#6691-a","#5842","#5239","#7308","Asking for consideration as replacement for General Lyman as Consul in Great Britain","#5533-c","#5383-a","#1661","#6697","#1232","#4748","#5951","#7102","#2315","#6569","#1564","#8739-a","#3699","#8739-a","#2288","#3930","#2832-b","#5077","#6569","#3800","#6995","#4188","#9737-c","#4476","#8807-a","#2119-a","#3248","#2718","#7455","#8800","#8685","#4509","#6691-b","#7499","#3537","#7262","#2717","#2717","#2717","#8669","#3248","#2360","#10428-f","#2717","#2717","#2196","#8005","#2717","#4926","#4830","#9382","#2360","#5009","#8700","#8689","#2598-a","#2718","#2134","#4832","#3248","#3490-a","#1661","#3957","#38-304","#8557","#1921-a","#6569","#2019-a","#3643","#2718","#9119","#2718","#5476","#7530-b","#4970","#5320","#5853-b","#860","#4909","#6073","#2474","#4476","#8107","#5951","#2718","#3248","#7678","#8063","#5533-c","The minutes for December 1826 are titled \"Proceedings of the Board of Visitors December 1826\" and are initialed by Monroe on the front cover. \n            The minutes for July 1827 are titled \"Proceedings of the Rector and Visitors July 1827\" and are docketed by Monroe on the rear cover. 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As Minister to France in 1794-1796, he displayed strong sympathies for the French cause; later, with Robert R. Livingston, he helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchase. His ambition and energy, together with the backing of President Madison, made him the Republican choice for the Presidency in 1816. With little Federalist opposition, he easily won re-election in 1820. Monroe made unusually strong Cabinet choices, naming a Southerner, John C. Calhoun, as Secretary of War, and a northerner, John Quincy Adams, as Secretary of State. Only Henry Clay's refusal kept Monroe from adding an outstanding Westerner.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nEarly in his administration, Monroe undertook a goodwill tour. At Boston, his visit was hailed as the beginning of an \"Era of Good Feelings.\" Unfortunately these \"good feelings\" did not endure, although Monroe, his popularity undiminished, followed nationalist policies.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nAcross the facade of nationalism, ugly sectional cracks appeared. A painful economic depression undoubtedly increased the dismay of the people of the Missouri Territory in 1819 when their application for admission to the Union as a slave state failed. An amended bill for gradually eliminating slavery in Missouri precipitated two years of bitter debate in Congress. The Missouri Compromise bill resolved the struggle, pairing Missouri as a slave state with Maine, a free state, and barring slavery north and west of Missouri forever.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nIn foreign affairs Monroe proclaimed the fundamental policy that bears his name, responding to the threat that the more conservative governments in Europe might try to aid Spain in winning back her former Latin American colonies. Monroe did not begin formally to recognize the young sister republics until 1822, after ascertaining that Congress would vote appropriations for diplomatic missions. He and Secretary of State John Quincy Adams wished to avoid trouble with Spain until it had ceded the Floridas, as was done in 1821.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nGreat Britain, with its powerful navy, also opposed reconquest of Latin America and suggested that the United States join in proclaiming \"hands off.\" Ex-Presidents Jefferson and Madison counseled Monroe to accept the offer, but Secretary Adams advised, \"It would be more candid ... to avow our principles explicitly to Russia and France, than to come in as a cock-boat in the wake of the British man-of-war.\"\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nMonroe accepted Adams's advice. Not only must Latin America be left alone, he warned, but also Russia must not encroach southward on the Pacific coast. \". . . the American continents,\" he stated, \"by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European Power.\" Some 20 years after Monroe died in 1831, this became known as the Monroe Doctrine.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Fifth President 1817-1825; born April 28, 1758 in Westmoreland County, Virginia; married, Elizabeth Kortright (1768-1830) February 16, 1786; children: Eliza Kortright Monroe (1786-1835), James Spence Monroe (1799-1800), Maria Hester Monroe (1803-1850); died July 4, 1831 in New York, New York; buried: Hollywood Cemetery, Richmond, Virginia.","Born in Westmoreland County, Virginia, in 1758, Monroe attended the College of William and Mary, fought with distinction in the Continental Army, and practiced law in Fredericksburg, Virginia.","As a youthful politician, he joined the anti-Federalists in the Virginia Convention which ratified the Constitution, and in 1790, an advocate of Jeffersonian policies, was elected United States Senator. As Minister to France in 1794-1796, he displayed strong sympathies for the French cause; later, with Robert R. Livingston, he helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchase. His ambition and energy, together with the backing of President Madison, made him the Republican choice for the Presidency in 1816. With little Federalist opposition, he easily won re-election in 1820. Monroe made unusually strong Cabinet choices, naming a Southerner, John C. Calhoun, as Secretary of War, and a northerner, John Quincy Adams, as Secretary of State. Only Henry Clay's refusal kept Monroe from adding an outstanding Westerner.","Early in his administration, Monroe undertook a goodwill tour. At Boston, his visit was hailed as the beginning of an \"Era of Good Feelings.\" Unfortunately these \"good feelings\" did not endure, although Monroe, his popularity undiminished, followed nationalist policies.","Across the facade of nationalism, ugly sectional cracks appeared. A painful economic depression undoubtedly increased the dismay of the people of the Missouri Territory in 1819 when their application for admission to the Union as a slave state failed. An amended bill for gradually eliminating slavery in Missouri precipitated two years of bitter debate in Congress. The Missouri Compromise bill resolved the struggle, pairing Missouri as a slave state with Maine, a free state, and barring slavery north and west of Missouri forever.","In foreign affairs Monroe proclaimed the fundamental policy that bears his name, responding to the threat that the more conservative governments in Europe might try to aid Spain in winning back her former Latin American colonies. Monroe did not begin formally to recognize the young sister republics until 1822, after ascertaining that Congress would vote appropriations for diplomatic missions. He and Secretary of State John Quincy Adams wished to avoid trouble with Spain until it had ceded the Floridas, as was done in 1821.","Great Britain, with its powerful navy, also opposed reconquest of Latin America and suggested that the United States join in proclaiming \"hands off.\" Ex-Presidents Jefferson and Madison counseled Monroe to accept the offer, but Secretary Adams advised, \"It would be more candid ... to avow our principles explicitly to Russia and France, than to come in as a cock-boat in the wake of the British man-of-war.\"","Monroe accepted Adams's advice. Not only must Latin America be left alone, he warned, but also Russia must not encroach southward on the Pacific coast. \". . . the American continents,\" he stated, \"by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European Power.\" Some 20 years after Monroe died in 1831, this became known as the Monroe Doctrine."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of James Monroe, Accession #[ ], Special\n            Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n            Charlottesville, Va.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of James Monroe, Accession #[ ], Special\n            Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n            Charlottesville, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Papers of James Monroe (ca. 209 items) consist chiefly of correspondence with friends, family members, and fellow politicians.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    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    \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#8739-a\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#2196\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#7289-b\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5320\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5320\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#2362-d\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#2119\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5533-a\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#9510\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            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provide the requested money but is not sure where he would be able to find the funds to do so.\u003c/p\u003e\n          ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1397\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#8005\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#7792\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1532\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1398\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#13915\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003eOriginal in Papers of Thomas Jefferson. \n                  \u003cnum\u003e#4776-a\u003c/num\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#38-550\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n        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As Minister to France in 1794-1796, he displayed strong sympathies for the French cause; later, with Robert R. Livingston, he helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchase. His ambition and energy, together with the backing of President Madison, made him the Republican choice for the Presidency in 1816. With little Federalist opposition, he easily won re-election in 1820. Monroe made unusually strong Cabinet choices, naming a Southerner, John C. Calhoun, as Secretary of War, and a northerner, John Quincy Adams, as Secretary of State. Only Henry Clay's refusal kept Monroe from adding an outstanding Westerner.","Early in his administration, Monroe undertook a goodwill tour. At Boston, his visit was hailed as the beginning of an \"Era of Good Feelings.\" Unfortunately these \"good feelings\" did not endure, although Monroe, his popularity undiminished, followed nationalist policies.","Across the facade of nationalism, ugly sectional cracks appeared. A painful economic depression undoubtedly increased the dismay of the people of the Missouri Territory in 1819 when their application for admission to the Union as a slave state failed. An amended bill for gradually eliminating slavery in Missouri precipitated two years of bitter debate in Congress. The Missouri Compromise bill resolved the struggle, pairing Missouri as a slave state with Maine, a free state, and barring slavery north and west of Missouri forever.","In foreign affairs Monroe proclaimed the fundamental policy that bears his name, responding to the threat that the more conservative governments in Europe might try to aid Spain in winning back her former Latin American colonies. Monroe did not begin formally to recognize the young sister republics until 1822, after ascertaining that Congress would vote appropriations for diplomatic missions. He and Secretary of State John Quincy Adams wished to avoid trouble with Spain until it had ceded the Floridas, as was done in 1821.","Great Britain, with its powerful navy, also opposed reconquest of Latin America and suggested that the United States join in proclaiming \"hands off.\" Ex-Presidents Jefferson and Madison counseled Monroe to accept the offer, but Secretary Adams advised, \"It would be more candid ... to avow our principles explicitly to Russia and France, than to come in as a cock-boat in the wake of the British man-of-war.\"","Monroe accepted Adams's advice. Not only must Latin America be left alone, he warned, but also Russia must not encroach southward on the Pacific coast. \". . . the American continents,\" he stated, \"by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European Power.\" Some 20 years after Monroe died in 1831, this became known as the Monroe Doctrine.","The Papers of James Monroe (ca. 209 items) consist chiefly of correspondence with friends, family members, and fellow politicians.","#7224","#38-112","Original in the Hitchcock-Coit Collection of Mills College Library.\n                  #5957","#8991","#5533","#6106","#7716-l","#38-114","#4476","#3419","#10398-a","#7262","#1661","#7224","#4501","#5718-d","#2119-a","#4909","#8707-a","#8739-a","#2196","#7289-b","#5320","#5320","#2362-d","#2119","#5533-a","#9510","#2854","#4384","#5533-a","#1231","#309","#1532","#4909","#4776","#5533-c","Monroe apologizes for replying so late and then says that he hopes that he will be able to provide the requested money but is not sure where he would be able to find the funds to do so.","#1397","#8005","#7792","#1532","#1398","#13915","Original in Papers of Thomas Jefferson. \n                  #4776-a","#38-550","#7650","#3098","#2988","#2854","#2447","#7224","#1661","#7326","#10631","#8739-a","#2529","#8739-a","#5845","#2598","#8739-a","#8739-a","#8739-a","#8739-a","#8481","#7299","#7262","#5106","#5412","#1398","#1331","#1714","#5533-n","#4559","#7929","#6691","#4619","#4476","#3339","#1232","#38-486","#6691-a","#5842","#5239","#7308","Asking for consideration as replacement for General Lyman as Consul in Great Britain","#5533-c","#5383-a","#1661","#6697","#1232","#4748","#5951","#7102","#2315","#6569","#1564","#8739-a","#3699","#8739-a","#2288","#3930","#2832-b","#5077","#6569","#3800","#6995","#4188","#9737-c","#4476","#8807-a","#2119-a","#3248","#2718","#7455","#8800","#8685","#4509","#6691-b","#7499","#3537","#7262","#2717","#2717","#2717","#8669","#3248","#2360","#10428-f","#2717","#2717","#2196","#8005","#2717","#4926","#4830","#9382","#2360","#5009","#8700","#8689","#2598-a","#2718","#2134","#4832","#3248","#3490-a","#1661","#3957","#38-304","#8557","#1921-a","#6569","#2019-a","#3643","#2718","#9119","#2718","#5476","#7530-b","#4970","#5320","#5853-b","#860","#4909","#6073","#2474","#4476","#8107","#5951","#2718","#3248","#7678","#8063","#5533-c","The minutes for December 1826 are titled \"Proceedings of the Board of Visitors December 1826\" and are initialed by Monroe on the front cover. \n            The minutes for July 1827 are titled \"Proceedings of the Rector and Visitors July 1827\" and are docketed by Monroe on the rear cover. Both are in the \n          hand of Nicholas P. Trist.","#RG-1/1/1.481","#7289-b","#11946","#11945-a","#11943-a","#3184","#1480","#5914","#4476","#2832","#9210-f","#1714","#2318","#3184","#9156","#5845","#4776-a","#38-596","#10827","#1661","#3351","#6077","#5842","#38-596","#38-596","#4559","#38-596","#7326","#3184","#6435","#7224","#6569","#6278","#3525-y","#14816","See the \n            \n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Papers of James Monroe \n1778-1831"],"collection_ssim":["Papers of James Monroe \n1778-1831"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":[": Multiple numbers"],"unitid_tesim":[": Multiple numbers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was acquired through gift and purchase.\n            See individual accession numbers for more information."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["This collection consists of ca. 209 items."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFifth President 1817-1825; born April 28, 1758 in Westmoreland County, Virginia; married, Elizabeth Kortright (1768-1830) February 16, 1786; children: Eliza Kortright Monroe (1786-1835), James Spence Monroe (1799-1800), Maria Hester Monroe (1803-1850); died July 4, 1831 in New York, New York; buried: Hollywood Cemetery, Richmond, Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nBorn in Westmoreland County, Virginia, in 1758, Monroe attended the College of William and Mary, fought with distinction in the Continental Army, and practiced law in Fredericksburg, Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nAs a youthful politician, he joined the anti-Federalists in the Virginia Convention which ratified the Constitution, and in 1790, an advocate of Jeffersonian policies, was elected United States Senator. As Minister to France in 1794-1796, he displayed strong sympathies for the French cause; later, with Robert R. Livingston, he helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchase. His ambition and energy, together with the backing of President Madison, made him the Republican choice for the Presidency in 1816. With little Federalist opposition, he easily won re-election in 1820. Monroe made unusually strong Cabinet choices, naming a Southerner, John C. Calhoun, as Secretary of War, and a northerner, John Quincy Adams, as Secretary of State. Only Henry Clay's refusal kept Monroe from adding an outstanding Westerner.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nEarly in his administration, Monroe undertook a goodwill tour. At Boston, his visit was hailed as the beginning of an \"Era of Good Feelings.\" Unfortunately these \"good feelings\" did not endure, although Monroe, his popularity undiminished, followed nationalist policies.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nAcross the facade of nationalism, ugly sectional cracks appeared. A painful economic depression undoubtedly increased the dismay of the people of the Missouri Territory in 1819 when their application for admission to the Union as a slave state failed. An amended bill for gradually eliminating slavery in Missouri precipitated two years of bitter debate in Congress. The Missouri Compromise bill resolved the struggle, pairing Missouri as a slave state with Maine, a free state, and barring slavery north and west of Missouri forever.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nIn foreign affairs Monroe proclaimed the fundamental policy that bears his name, responding to the threat that the more conservative governments in Europe might try to aid Spain in winning back her former Latin American colonies. Monroe did not begin formally to recognize the young sister republics until 1822, after ascertaining that Congress would vote appropriations for diplomatic missions. He and Secretary of State John Quincy Adams wished to avoid trouble with Spain until it had ceded the Floridas, as was done in 1821.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nGreat Britain, with its powerful navy, also opposed reconquest of Latin America and suggested that the United States join in proclaiming \"hands off.\" Ex-Presidents Jefferson and Madison counseled Monroe to accept the offer, but Secretary Adams advised, \"It would be more candid ... to avow our principles explicitly to Russia and France, than to come in as a cock-boat in the wake of the British man-of-war.\"\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nMonroe accepted Adams's advice. Not only must Latin America be left alone, he warned, but also Russia must not encroach southward on the Pacific coast. \". . . the American continents,\" he stated, \"by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European Power.\" Some 20 years after Monroe died in 1831, this became known as the Monroe Doctrine.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Fifth President 1817-1825; born April 28, 1758 in Westmoreland County, Virginia; married, Elizabeth Kortright (1768-1830) February 16, 1786; children: Eliza Kortright Monroe (1786-1835), James Spence Monroe (1799-1800), Maria Hester Monroe (1803-1850); died July 4, 1831 in New York, New York; buried: Hollywood Cemetery, Richmond, Virginia.","Born in Westmoreland County, Virginia, in 1758, Monroe attended the College of William and Mary, fought with distinction in the Continental Army, and practiced law in Fredericksburg, Virginia.","As a youthful politician, he joined the anti-Federalists in the Virginia Convention which ratified the Constitution, and in 1790, an advocate of Jeffersonian policies, was elected United States Senator. As Minister to France in 1794-1796, he displayed strong sympathies for the French cause; later, with Robert R. Livingston, he helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchase. His ambition and energy, together with the backing of President Madison, made him the Republican choice for the Presidency in 1816. With little Federalist opposition, he easily won re-election in 1820. Monroe made unusually strong Cabinet choices, naming a Southerner, John C. Calhoun, as Secretary of War, and a northerner, John Quincy Adams, as Secretary of State. Only Henry Clay's refusal kept Monroe from adding an outstanding Westerner.","Early in his administration, Monroe undertook a goodwill tour. At Boston, his visit was hailed as the beginning of an \"Era of Good Feelings.\" Unfortunately these \"good feelings\" did not endure, although Monroe, his popularity undiminished, followed nationalist policies.","Across the facade of nationalism, ugly sectional cracks appeared. A painful economic depression undoubtedly increased the dismay of the people of the Missouri Territory in 1819 when their application for admission to the Union as a slave state failed. An amended bill for gradually eliminating slavery in Missouri precipitated two years of bitter debate in Congress. The Missouri Compromise bill resolved the struggle, pairing Missouri as a slave state with Maine, a free state, and barring slavery north and west of Missouri forever.","In foreign affairs Monroe proclaimed the fundamental policy that bears his name, responding to the threat that the more conservative governments in Europe might try to aid Spain in winning back her former Latin American colonies. Monroe did not begin formally to recognize the young sister republics until 1822, after ascertaining that Congress would vote appropriations for diplomatic missions. He and Secretary of State John Quincy Adams wished to avoid trouble with Spain until it had ceded the Floridas, as was done in 1821.","Great Britain, with its powerful navy, also opposed reconquest of Latin America and suggested that the United States join in proclaiming \"hands off.\" Ex-Presidents Jefferson and Madison counseled Monroe to accept the offer, but Secretary Adams advised, \"It would be more candid ... to avow our principles explicitly to Russia and France, than to come in as a cock-boat in the wake of the British man-of-war.\"","Monroe accepted Adams's advice. Not only must Latin America be left alone, he warned, but also Russia must not encroach southward on the Pacific coast. \". . . the American continents,\" he stated, \"by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European Power.\" Some 20 years after Monroe died in 1831, this became known as the Monroe Doctrine."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of James Monroe, Accession #[ ], Special\n            Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n            Charlottesville, Va.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of James Monroe, Accession #[ ], Special\n            Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n            Charlottesville, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Papers of James Monroe (ca. 209 items) consist chiefly of correspondence with friends, family members, and fellow politicians.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    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provide the requested money but is not sure where he would be able to find the funds to do so.\u003c/p\u003e\n          ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1397\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#8005\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#7792\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1532\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1398\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#13915\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003eOriginal in Papers of Thomas Jefferson. \n                  \u003cnum\u003e#4776-a\u003c/num\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#38-550\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n        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","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#7678\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#8063\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5533-c\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003eThe minutes for December 1826 are titled \"Proceedings of the Board of Visitors December 1826\" and are initialed by Monroe on the front cover. \n            The minutes for July 1827 are titled \"Proceedings of the Rector and Visitors July 1827\" and are docketed by Monroe on the rear cover. Both are in the \n          hand of Nicholas P. Trist.\u003c/p\u003e\n          ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#RG-1/1/1.481\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#7289-b\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#11946\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#11945-a\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#11943-a\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#3184\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1480\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5914\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#4476\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            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","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1661\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#3351\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#6077\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5842\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#38-596\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#38-596\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#4559\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#38-596\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#7326\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#3184\u003c/num\u003e\n         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#5957","#8991","#5533","#6106","#7716-l","#38-114","#4476","#3419","#10398-a","#7262","#1661","#7224","#4501","#5718-d","#2119-a","#4909","#8707-a","#8739-a","#2196","#7289-b","#5320","#5320","#2362-d","#2119","#5533-a","#9510","#2854","#4384","#5533-a","#1231","#309","#1532","#4909","#4776","#5533-c","Monroe apologizes for replying so late and then says that he hopes that he will be able to provide the requested money but is not sure where he would be able to find the funds to do so.","#1397","#8005","#7792","#1532","#1398","#13915","Original in Papers of Thomas Jefferson. \n                  #4776-a","#38-550","#7650","#3098","#2988","#2854","#2447","#7224","#1661","#7326","#10631","#8739-a","#2529","#8739-a","#5845","#2598","#8739-a","#8739-a","#8739-a","#8739-a","#8481","#7299","#7262","#5106","#5412","#1398","#1331","#1714","#5533-n","#4559","#7929","#6691","#4619","#4476","#3339","#1232","#38-486","#6691-a","#5842","#5239","#7308","Asking for consideration as replacement for General Lyman as Consul in Great Britain","#5533-c","#5383-a","#1661","#6697","#1232","#4748","#5951","#7102","#2315","#6569","#1564","#8739-a","#3699","#8739-a","#2288","#3930","#2832-b","#5077","#6569","#3800","#6995","#4188","#9737-c","#4476","#8807-a","#2119-a","#3248","#2718","#7455","#8800","#8685","#4509","#6691-b","#7499","#3537","#7262","#2717","#2717","#2717","#8669","#3248","#2360","#10428-f","#2717","#2717","#2196","#8005","#2717","#4926","#4830","#9382","#2360","#5009","#8700","#8689","#2598-a","#2718","#2134","#4832","#3248","#3490-a","#1661","#3957","#38-304","#8557","#1921-a","#6569","#2019-a","#3643","#2718","#9119","#2718","#5476","#7530-b","#4970","#5320","#5853-b","#860","#4909","#6073","#2474","#4476","#8107","#5951","#2718","#3248","#7678","#8063","#5533-c","The minutes for December 1826 are titled \"Proceedings of the Board of Visitors December 1826\" and are initialed by Monroe on the front cover. \n            The minutes for July 1827 are titled \"Proceedings of the Rector and Visitors July 1827\" and are docketed by Monroe on the rear cover. Both are in the \n          hand of Nicholas P. 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As Minister to France in 1794-1796, he displayed strong sympathies for the French cause; later, with Robert R. Livingston, he helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchase. His ambition and energy, together with the backing of President Madison, made him the Republican choice for the Presidency in 1816. With little Federalist opposition, he easily won re-election in 1820. Monroe made unusually strong Cabinet choices, naming a Southerner, John C. Calhoun, as Secretary of War, and a northerner, John Quincy Adams, as Secretary of State. Only Henry Clay's refusal kept Monroe from adding an outstanding Westerner.","Early in his administration, Monroe undertook a goodwill tour. At Boston, his visit was hailed as the beginning of an \"Era of Good Feelings.\" Unfortunately these \"good feelings\" did not endure, although Monroe, his popularity undiminished, followed nationalist policies.","Across the facade of nationalism, ugly sectional cracks appeared. A painful economic depression undoubtedly increased the dismay of the people of the Missouri Territory in 1819 when their application for admission to the Union as a slave state failed. An amended bill for gradually eliminating slavery in Missouri precipitated two years of bitter debate in Congress. The Missouri Compromise bill resolved the struggle, pairing Missouri as a slave state with Maine, a free state, and barring slavery north and west of Missouri forever.","In foreign affairs Monroe proclaimed the fundamental policy that bears his name, responding to the threat that the more conservative governments in Europe might try to aid Spain in winning back her former Latin American colonies. Monroe did not begin formally to recognize the young sister republics until 1822, after ascertaining that Congress would vote appropriations for diplomatic missions. He and Secretary of State John Quincy Adams wished to avoid trouble with Spain until it had ceded the Floridas, as was done in 1821.","Great Britain, with its powerful navy, also opposed reconquest of Latin America and suggested that the United States join in proclaiming \"hands off.\" Ex-Presidents Jefferson and Madison counseled Monroe to accept the offer, but Secretary Adams advised, \"It would be more candid ... to avow our principles explicitly to Russia and France, than to come in as a cock-boat in the wake of the British man-of-war.\"","Monroe accepted Adams's advice. Not only must Latin America be left alone, he warned, but also Russia must not encroach southward on the Pacific coast. \". . . the American continents,\" he stated, \"by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European Power.\" Some 20 years after Monroe died in 1831, this became known as the Monroe Doctrine.","The Papers of James Monroe (ca. 209 items) consist chiefly of correspondence with friends, family members, and fellow politicians.","#7224","#38-112","Original in the Hitchcock-Coit Collection of Mills College Library.\n                  #5957","#8991","#5533","#6106","#7716-l","#38-114","#4476","#3419","#10398-a","#7262","#1661","#7224","#4501","#5718-d","#2119-a","#4909","#8707-a","#8739-a","#2196","#7289-b","#5320","#5320","#2362-d","#2119","#5533-a","#9510","#2854","#4384","#5533-a","#1231","#309","#1532","#4909","#4776","#5533-c","Monroe apologizes for replying so late and then says that he hopes that he will be able to provide the requested money but is not sure where he would be able to find the funds to do so.","#1397","#8005","#7792","#1532","#1398","#13915","Original in Papers of Thomas Jefferson. \n                  #4776-a","#38-550","#7650","#3098","#2988","#2854","#2447","#7224","#1661","#7326","#10631","#8739-a","#2529","#8739-a","#5845","#2598","#8739-a","#8739-a","#8739-a","#8739-a","#8481","#7299","#7262","#5106","#5412","#1398","#1331","#1714","#5533-n","#4559","#7929","#6691","#4619","#4476","#3339","#1232","#38-486","#6691-a","#5842","#5239","#7308","Asking for consideration as replacement for General Lyman as Consul in Great Britain","#5533-c","#5383-a","#1661","#6697","#1232","#4748","#5951","#7102","#2315","#6569","#1564","#8739-a","#3699","#8739-a","#2288","#3930","#2832-b","#5077","#6569","#3800","#6995","#4188","#9737-c","#4476","#8807-a","#2119-a","#3248","#2718","#7455","#8800","#8685","#4509","#6691-b","#7499","#3537","#7262","#2717","#2717","#2717","#8669","#3248","#2360","#10428-f","#2717","#2717","#2196","#8005","#2717","#4926","#4830","#9382","#2360","#5009","#8700","#8689","#2598-a","#2718","#2134","#4832","#3248","#3490-a","#1661","#3957","#38-304","#8557","#1921-a","#6569","#2019-a","#3643","#2718","#9119","#2718","#5476","#7530-b","#4970","#5320","#5853-b","#860","#4909","#6073","#2474","#4476","#8107","#5951","#2718","#3248","#7678","#8063","#5533-c","The minutes for December 1826 are titled \"Proceedings of the Board of Visitors December 1826\" and are initialed by Monroe on the front cover. \n            The minutes for July 1827 are titled \"Proceedings of the Rector and Visitors July 1827\" and are docketed by Monroe on the rear cover. Both are in the \n          hand of Nicholas P. 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As Minister to France in 1794-1796, he displayed strong sympathies for the French cause; later, with Robert R. Livingston, he helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchase. His ambition and energy, together with the backing of President Madison, made him the Republican choice for the Presidency in 1816. With little Federalist opposition, he easily won re-election in 1820. Monroe made unusually strong Cabinet choices, naming a Southerner, John C. Calhoun, as Secretary of War, and a northerner, John Quincy Adams, as Secretary of State. Only Henry Clay's refusal kept Monroe from adding an outstanding Westerner.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nEarly in his administration, Monroe undertook a goodwill tour. At Boston, his visit was hailed as the beginning of an \"Era of Good Feelings.\" Unfortunately these \"good feelings\" did not endure, although Monroe, his popularity undiminished, followed nationalist policies.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nAcross the facade of nationalism, ugly sectional cracks appeared. A painful economic depression undoubtedly increased the dismay of the people of the Missouri Territory in 1819 when their application for admission to the Union as a slave state failed. An amended bill for gradually eliminating slavery in Missouri precipitated two years of bitter debate in Congress. The Missouri Compromise bill resolved the struggle, pairing Missouri as a slave state with Maine, a free state, and barring slavery north and west of Missouri forever.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nIn foreign affairs Monroe proclaimed the fundamental policy that bears his name, responding to the threat that the more conservative governments in Europe might try to aid Spain in winning back her former Latin American colonies. Monroe did not begin formally to recognize the young sister republics until 1822, after ascertaining that Congress would vote appropriations for diplomatic missions. He and Secretary of State John Quincy Adams wished to avoid trouble with Spain until it had ceded the Floridas, as was done in 1821.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nGreat Britain, with its powerful navy, also opposed reconquest of Latin America and suggested that the United States join in proclaiming \"hands off.\" Ex-Presidents Jefferson and Madison counseled Monroe to accept the offer, but Secretary Adams advised, \"It would be more candid ... to avow our principles explicitly to Russia and France, than to come in as a cock-boat in the wake of the British man-of-war.\"\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nMonroe accepted Adams's advice. Not only must Latin America be left alone, he warned, but also Russia must not encroach southward on the Pacific coast. \". . . the American continents,\" he stated, \"by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European Power.\" Some 20 years after Monroe died in 1831, this became known as the Monroe Doctrine.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Fifth President 1817-1825; born April 28, 1758 in Westmoreland County, Virginia; married, Elizabeth Kortright (1768-1830) February 16, 1786; children: Eliza Kortright Monroe (1786-1835), James Spence Monroe (1799-1800), Maria Hester Monroe (1803-1850); died July 4, 1831 in New York, New York; buried: Hollywood Cemetery, Richmond, Virginia.","Born in Westmoreland County, Virginia, in 1758, Monroe attended the College of William and Mary, fought with distinction in the Continental Army, and practiced law in Fredericksburg, Virginia.","As a youthful politician, he joined the anti-Federalists in the Virginia Convention which ratified the Constitution, and in 1790, an advocate of Jeffersonian policies, was elected United States Senator. As Minister to France in 1794-1796, he displayed strong sympathies for the French cause; later, with Robert R. Livingston, he helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchase. His ambition and energy, together with the backing of President Madison, made him the Republican choice for the Presidency in 1816. With little Federalist opposition, he easily won re-election in 1820. Monroe made unusually strong Cabinet choices, naming a Southerner, John C. Calhoun, as Secretary of War, and a northerner, John Quincy Adams, as Secretary of State. Only Henry Clay's refusal kept Monroe from adding an outstanding Westerner.","Early in his administration, Monroe undertook a goodwill tour. At Boston, his visit was hailed as the beginning of an \"Era of Good Feelings.\" Unfortunately these \"good feelings\" did not endure, although Monroe, his popularity undiminished, followed nationalist policies.","Across the facade of nationalism, ugly sectional cracks appeared. A painful economic depression undoubtedly increased the dismay of the people of the Missouri Territory in 1819 when their application for admission to the Union as a slave state failed. An amended bill for gradually eliminating slavery in Missouri precipitated two years of bitter debate in Congress. The Missouri Compromise bill resolved the struggle, pairing Missouri as a slave state with Maine, a free state, and barring slavery north and west of Missouri forever.","In foreign affairs Monroe proclaimed the fundamental policy that bears his name, responding to the threat that the more conservative governments in Europe might try to aid Spain in winning back her former Latin American colonies. Monroe did not begin formally to recognize the young sister republics until 1822, after ascertaining that Congress would vote appropriations for diplomatic missions. He and Secretary of State John Quincy Adams wished to avoid trouble with Spain until it had ceded the Floridas, as was done in 1821.","Great Britain, with its powerful navy, also opposed reconquest of Latin America and suggested that the United States join in proclaiming \"hands off.\" Ex-Presidents Jefferson and Madison counseled Monroe to accept the offer, but Secretary Adams advised, \"It would be more candid ... to avow our principles explicitly to Russia and France, than to come in as a cock-boat in the wake of the British man-of-war.\"","Monroe accepted Adams's advice. Not only must Latin America be left alone, he warned, but also Russia must not encroach southward on the Pacific coast. \". . . the American continents,\" he stated, \"by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European Power.\" Some 20 years after Monroe died in 1831, this became known as the Monroe Doctrine."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of James Monroe, Accession #[ ], Special\n            Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n            Charlottesville, Va.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of James Monroe, Accession #[ ], Special\n            Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n            Charlottesville, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Papers of James Monroe (ca. 209 items) consist chiefly of correspondence with friends, family members, and fellow politicians.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    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\u003cnum\u003e#2854\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#4384\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5533-a\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1231\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#309\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1532\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#4909\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#4776\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5533-c\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003eMonroe apologizes for replying so late and then says that he hopes that he will be able to provide the requested money but is not sure where he would be able to find the funds to do so.\u003c/p\u003e\n          ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1397\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#8005\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#7792\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1532\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1398\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#13915\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003eOriginal in Papers of Thomas Jefferson. \n                  \u003cnum\u003e#4776-a\u003c/num\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#38-550\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n        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","\u003cp\u003eAsking for consideration as replacement for General Lyman as Consul in Great Britain\u003c/p\u003e\n          ","\u003cp\u003e\u003cnum\u003e#5533-c\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5383-a\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1661\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#6697\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1232\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#4748\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5951\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#7102\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#2315\u003c/num\u003e\n 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","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#7678\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#8063\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5533-c\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003eThe minutes for December 1826 are titled \"Proceedings of the Board of Visitors December 1826\" and are initialed by Monroe on the front cover. \n            The minutes for July 1827 are titled \"Proceedings of the Rector and Visitors July 1827\" and are docketed by Monroe on the rear cover. Both are in the \n          hand of Nicholas P. Trist.\u003c/p\u003e\n          ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#RG-1/1/1.481\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#7289-b\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#11946\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#11945-a\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#11943-a\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#3184\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1480\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5914\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#4476\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            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As Minister to France in 1794-1796, he displayed strong sympathies for the French cause; later, with Robert R. Livingston, he helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchase. His ambition and energy, together with the backing of President Madison, made him the Republican choice for the Presidency in 1816. With little Federalist opposition, he easily won re-election in 1820. Monroe made unusually strong Cabinet choices, naming a Southerner, John C. Calhoun, as Secretary of War, and a northerner, John Quincy Adams, as Secretary of State. Only Henry Clay's refusal kept Monroe from adding an outstanding Westerner.","Early in his administration, Monroe undertook a goodwill tour. At Boston, his visit was hailed as the beginning of an \"Era of Good Feelings.\" Unfortunately these \"good feelings\" did not endure, although Monroe, his popularity undiminished, followed nationalist policies.","Across the facade of nationalism, ugly sectional cracks appeared. A painful economic depression undoubtedly increased the dismay of the people of the Missouri Territory in 1819 when their application for admission to the Union as a slave state failed. An amended bill for gradually eliminating slavery in Missouri precipitated two years of bitter debate in Congress. The Missouri Compromise bill resolved the struggle, pairing Missouri as a slave state with Maine, a free state, and barring slavery north and west of Missouri forever.","In foreign affairs Monroe proclaimed the fundamental policy that bears his name, responding to the threat that the more conservative governments in Europe might try to aid Spain in winning back her former Latin American colonies. Monroe did not begin formally to recognize the young sister republics until 1822, after ascertaining that Congress would vote appropriations for diplomatic missions. He and Secretary of State John Quincy Adams wished to avoid trouble with Spain until it had ceded the Floridas, as was done in 1821.","Great Britain, with its powerful navy, also opposed reconquest of Latin America and suggested that the United States join in proclaiming \"hands off.\" Ex-Presidents Jefferson and Madison counseled Monroe to accept the offer, but Secretary Adams advised, \"It would be more candid ... to avow our principles explicitly to Russia and France, than to come in as a cock-boat in the wake of the British man-of-war.\"","Monroe accepted Adams's advice. Not only must Latin America be left alone, he warned, but also Russia must not encroach southward on the Pacific coast. \". . . the American continents,\" he stated, \"by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European Power.\" Some 20 years after Monroe died in 1831, this became known as the Monroe Doctrine.","The Papers of James Monroe (ca. 209 items) consist chiefly of correspondence with friends, family members, and fellow politicians.","#7224","#38-112","Original in the Hitchcock-Coit Collection of Mills College Library.\n                  #5957","#8991","#5533","#6106","#7716-l","#38-114","#4476","#3419","#10398-a","#7262","#1661","#7224","#4501","#5718-d","#2119-a","#4909","#8707-a","#8739-a","#2196","#7289-b","#5320","#5320","#2362-d","#2119","#5533-a","#9510","#2854","#4384","#5533-a","#1231","#309","#1532","#4909","#4776","#5533-c","Monroe apologizes for replying so late and then says that he hopes that he will be able to provide the requested money but is not sure where he would be able to find the funds to do so.","#1397","#8005","#7792","#1532","#1398","#13915","Original in Papers of Thomas Jefferson. \n                  #4776-a","#38-550","#7650","#3098","#2988","#2854","#2447","#7224","#1661","#7326","#10631","#8739-a","#2529","#8739-a","#5845","#2598","#8739-a","#8739-a","#8739-a","#8739-a","#8481","#7299","#7262","#5106","#5412","#1398","#1331","#1714","#5533-n","#4559","#7929","#6691","#4619","#4476","#3339","#1232","#38-486","#6691-a","#5842","#5239","#7308","Asking for consideration as replacement for General Lyman as Consul in Great Britain","#5533-c","#5383-a","#1661","#6697","#1232","#4748","#5951","#7102","#2315","#6569","#1564","#8739-a","#3699","#8739-a","#2288","#3930","#2832-b","#5077","#6569","#3800","#6995","#4188","#9737-c","#4476","#8807-a","#2119-a","#3248","#2718","#7455","#8800","#8685","#4509","#6691-b","#7499","#3537","#7262","#2717","#2717","#2717","#8669","#3248","#2360","#10428-f","#2717","#2717","#2196","#8005","#2717","#4926","#4830","#9382","#2360","#5009","#8700","#8689","#2598-a","#2718","#2134","#4832","#3248","#3490-a","#1661","#3957","#38-304","#8557","#1921-a","#6569","#2019-a","#3643","#2718","#9119","#2718","#5476","#7530-b","#4970","#5320","#5853-b","#860","#4909","#6073","#2474","#4476","#8107","#5951","#2718","#3248","#7678","#8063","#5533-c","The minutes for December 1826 are titled \"Proceedings of the Board of Visitors December 1826\" and are initialed by Monroe on the front cover. \n            The minutes for July 1827 are titled \"Proceedings of the Rector and Visitors July 1827\" and are docketed by Monroe on the rear cover. 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As Minister to France in 1794-1796, he displayed strong sympathies for the French cause; later, with Robert R. Livingston, he helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchase. His ambition and energy, together with the backing of President Madison, made him the Republican choice for the Presidency in 1816. With little Federalist opposition, he easily won re-election in 1820. Monroe made unusually strong Cabinet choices, naming a Southerner, John C. Calhoun, as Secretary of War, and a northerner, John Quincy Adams, as Secretary of State. Only Henry Clay's refusal kept Monroe from adding an outstanding Westerner.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nEarly in his administration, Monroe undertook a goodwill tour. At Boston, his visit was hailed as the beginning of an \"Era of Good Feelings.\" Unfortunately these \"good feelings\" did not endure, although Monroe, his popularity undiminished, followed nationalist policies.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nAcross the facade of nationalism, ugly sectional cracks appeared. A painful economic depression undoubtedly increased the dismay of the people of the Missouri Territory in 1819 when their application for admission to the Union as a slave state failed. An amended bill for gradually eliminating slavery in Missouri precipitated two years of bitter debate in Congress. The Missouri Compromise bill resolved the struggle, pairing Missouri as a slave state with Maine, a free state, and barring slavery north and west of Missouri forever.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nIn foreign affairs Monroe proclaimed the fundamental policy that bears his name, responding to the threat that the more conservative governments in Europe might try to aid Spain in winning back her former Latin American colonies. Monroe did not begin formally to recognize the young sister republics until 1822, after ascertaining that Congress would vote appropriations for diplomatic missions. He and Secretary of State John Quincy Adams wished to avoid trouble with Spain until it had ceded the Floridas, as was done in 1821.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nGreat Britain, with its powerful navy, also opposed reconquest of Latin America and suggested that the United States join in proclaiming \"hands off.\" Ex-Presidents Jefferson and Madison counseled Monroe to accept the offer, but Secretary Adams advised, \"It would be more candid ... to avow our principles explicitly to Russia and France, than to come in as a cock-boat in the wake of the British man-of-war.\"\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nMonroe accepted Adams's advice. Not only must Latin America be left alone, he warned, but also Russia must not encroach southward on the Pacific coast. \". . . the American continents,\" he stated, \"by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European Power.\" Some 20 years after Monroe died in 1831, this became known as the Monroe Doctrine.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Fifth President 1817-1825; born April 28, 1758 in Westmoreland County, Virginia; married, Elizabeth Kortright (1768-1830) February 16, 1786; children: Eliza Kortright Monroe (1786-1835), James Spence Monroe (1799-1800), Maria Hester Monroe (1803-1850); died July 4, 1831 in New York, New York; buried: Hollywood Cemetery, Richmond, Virginia.","Born in Westmoreland County, Virginia, in 1758, Monroe attended the College of William and Mary, fought with distinction in the Continental Army, and practiced law in Fredericksburg, Virginia.","As a youthful politician, he joined the anti-Federalists in the Virginia Convention which ratified the Constitution, and in 1790, an advocate of Jeffersonian policies, was elected United States Senator. As Minister to France in 1794-1796, he displayed strong sympathies for the French cause; later, with Robert R. Livingston, he helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchase. His ambition and energy, together with the backing of President Madison, made him the Republican choice for the Presidency in 1816. With little Federalist opposition, he easily won re-election in 1820. Monroe made unusually strong Cabinet choices, naming a Southerner, John C. Calhoun, as Secretary of War, and a northerner, John Quincy Adams, as Secretary of State. Only Henry Clay's refusal kept Monroe from adding an outstanding Westerner.","Early in his administration, Monroe undertook a goodwill tour. At Boston, his visit was hailed as the beginning of an \"Era of Good Feelings.\" Unfortunately these \"good feelings\" did not endure, although Monroe, his popularity undiminished, followed nationalist policies.","Across the facade of nationalism, ugly sectional cracks appeared. A painful economic depression undoubtedly increased the dismay of the people of the Missouri Territory in 1819 when their application for admission to the Union as a slave state failed. An amended bill for gradually eliminating slavery in Missouri precipitated two years of bitter debate in Congress. The Missouri Compromise bill resolved the struggle, pairing Missouri as a slave state with Maine, a free state, and barring slavery north and west of Missouri forever.","In foreign affairs Monroe proclaimed the fundamental policy that bears his name, responding to the threat that the more conservative governments in Europe might try to aid Spain in winning back her former Latin American colonies. Monroe did not begin formally to recognize the young sister republics until 1822, after ascertaining that Congress would vote appropriations for diplomatic missions. He and Secretary of State John Quincy Adams wished to avoid trouble with Spain until it had ceded the Floridas, as was done in 1821.","Great Britain, with its powerful navy, also opposed reconquest of Latin America and suggested that the United States join in proclaiming \"hands off.\" Ex-Presidents Jefferson and Madison counseled Monroe to accept the offer, but Secretary Adams advised, \"It would be more candid ... to avow our principles explicitly to Russia and France, than to come in as a cock-boat in the wake of the British man-of-war.\"","Monroe accepted Adams's advice. Not only must Latin America be left alone, he warned, but also Russia must not encroach southward on the Pacific coast. \". . . the American continents,\" he stated, \"by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European Power.\" Some 20 years after Monroe died in 1831, this became known as the Monroe Doctrine."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of James Monroe, Accession #[ ], Special\n            Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n            Charlottesville, Va.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of James Monroe, Accession #[ ], Special\n            Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n            Charlottesville, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Papers of James Monroe (ca. 209 items) consist chiefly of correspondence with friends, family members, and fellow politicians.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    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    \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#8739-a\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#2196\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#7289-b\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5320\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5320\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#2362-d\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#2119\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5533-a\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#9510\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            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provide the requested money but is not sure where he would be able to find the funds to do so.\u003c/p\u003e\n          ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1397\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#8005\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#7792\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1532\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1398\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#13915\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003eOriginal in Papers of Thomas Jefferson. \n                  \u003cnum\u003e#4776-a\u003c/num\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#38-550\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n        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","\u003cp\u003eAsking for consideration as replacement for General Lyman as Consul in Great Britain\u003c/p\u003e\n          ","\u003cp\u003e\u003cnum\u003e#5533-c\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5383-a\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1661\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#6697\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1232\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#4748\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5951\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#7102\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#2315\u003c/num\u003e\n 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Robert Swartout\n               containing statement of James Monroe's finances \n               1826 September 14","Papers of James Monroe \n1778-1831","ALS, 1 p. with address leaf; docketed; Barrow.","box 2","#8063"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Papers of James Monroe \n1778-1831"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Papers of James Monroe \n1778-1831"],"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":172,"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Papers of James Monroe \n1778-1831"],"physdesc_tesim":["ALS, 1 p. with address leaf; docketed; Barrow."],"containers_ssim":["box 2"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#8063\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        "],"scopecontent_tesim":["#8063"],"_nest_path_":"/components#171","timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:37:54.120Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_viu03476","ead_ssi":"viu_viu03476","_root_":"viu_viu03476","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu03476","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-sc/viu03476.xml","title_ssm":["Papers of James Monroe \n1778-1831"],"title_tesim":["Papers of James Monroe \n1778-1831"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Papers of James Monroe \n1778-1831"],"text":["Papers of James Monroe \n1778-1831",": Multiple numbers","This collection consists of ca. 209 items.","There are no restrictions.","Fifth President 1817-1825; born April 28, 1758 in Westmoreland County, Virginia; married, Elizabeth Kortright (1768-1830) February 16, 1786; children: Eliza Kortright Monroe (1786-1835), James Spence Monroe (1799-1800), Maria Hester Monroe (1803-1850); died July 4, 1831 in New York, New York; buried: Hollywood Cemetery, Richmond, Virginia.","Born in Westmoreland County, Virginia, in 1758, Monroe attended the College of William and Mary, fought with distinction in the Continental Army, and practiced law in Fredericksburg, Virginia.","As a youthful politician, he joined the anti-Federalists in the Virginia Convention which ratified the Constitution, and in 1790, an advocate of Jeffersonian policies, was elected United States Senator. As Minister to France in 1794-1796, he displayed strong sympathies for the French cause; later, with Robert R. Livingston, he helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchase. His ambition and energy, together with the backing of President Madison, made him the Republican choice for the Presidency in 1816. With little Federalist opposition, he easily won re-election in 1820. Monroe made unusually strong Cabinet choices, naming a Southerner, John C. Calhoun, as Secretary of War, and a northerner, John Quincy Adams, as Secretary of State. Only Henry Clay's refusal kept Monroe from adding an outstanding Westerner.","Early in his administration, Monroe undertook a goodwill tour. At Boston, his visit was hailed as the beginning of an \"Era of Good Feelings.\" Unfortunately these \"good feelings\" did not endure, although Monroe, his popularity undiminished, followed nationalist policies.","Across the facade of nationalism, ugly sectional cracks appeared. A painful economic depression undoubtedly increased the dismay of the people of the Missouri Territory in 1819 when their application for admission to the Union as a slave state failed. An amended bill for gradually eliminating slavery in Missouri precipitated two years of bitter debate in Congress. The Missouri Compromise bill resolved the struggle, pairing Missouri as a slave state with Maine, a free state, and barring slavery north and west of Missouri forever.","In foreign affairs Monroe proclaimed the fundamental policy that bears his name, responding to the threat that the more conservative governments in Europe might try to aid Spain in winning back her former Latin American colonies. Monroe did not begin formally to recognize the young sister republics until 1822, after ascertaining that Congress would vote appropriations for diplomatic missions. He and Secretary of State John Quincy Adams wished to avoid trouble with Spain until it had ceded the Floridas, as was done in 1821.","Great Britain, with its powerful navy, also opposed reconquest of Latin America and suggested that the United States join in proclaiming \"hands off.\" Ex-Presidents Jefferson and Madison counseled Monroe to accept the offer, but Secretary Adams advised, \"It would be more candid ... to avow our principles explicitly to Russia and France, than to come in as a cock-boat in the wake of the British man-of-war.\"","Monroe accepted Adams's advice. Not only must Latin America be left alone, he warned, but also Russia must not encroach southward on the Pacific coast. \". . . the American continents,\" he stated, \"by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European Power.\" Some 20 years after Monroe died in 1831, this became known as the Monroe Doctrine.","The Papers of James Monroe (ca. 209 items) consist chiefly of correspondence with friends, family members, and fellow politicians.","#7224","#38-112","Original in the Hitchcock-Coit Collection of Mills College Library.\n                  #5957","#8991","#5533","#6106","#7716-l","#38-114","#4476","#3419","#10398-a","#7262","#1661","#7224","#4501","#5718-d","#2119-a","#4909","#8707-a","#8739-a","#2196","#7289-b","#5320","#5320","#2362-d","#2119","#5533-a","#9510","#2854","#4384","#5533-a","#1231","#309","#1532","#4909","#4776","#5533-c","Monroe apologizes for replying so late and then says that he hopes that he will be able to provide the requested money but is not sure where he would be able to find the funds to do so.","#1397","#8005","#7792","#1532","#1398","#13915","Original in Papers of Thomas Jefferson. \n                  #4776-a","#38-550","#7650","#3098","#2988","#2854","#2447","#7224","#1661","#7326","#10631","#8739-a","#2529","#8739-a","#5845","#2598","#8739-a","#8739-a","#8739-a","#8739-a","#8481","#7299","#7262","#5106","#5412","#1398","#1331","#1714","#5533-n","#4559","#7929","#6691","#4619","#4476","#3339","#1232","#38-486","#6691-a","#5842","#5239","#7308","Asking for consideration as replacement for General Lyman as Consul in Great Britain","#5533-c","#5383-a","#1661","#6697","#1232","#4748","#5951","#7102","#2315","#6569","#1564","#8739-a","#3699","#8739-a","#2288","#3930","#2832-b","#5077","#6569","#3800","#6995","#4188","#9737-c","#4476","#8807-a","#2119-a","#3248","#2718","#7455","#8800","#8685","#4509","#6691-b","#7499","#3537","#7262","#2717","#2717","#2717","#8669","#3248","#2360","#10428-f","#2717","#2717","#2196","#8005","#2717","#4926","#4830","#9382","#2360","#5009","#8700","#8689","#2598-a","#2718","#2134","#4832","#3248","#3490-a","#1661","#3957","#38-304","#8557","#1921-a","#6569","#2019-a","#3643","#2718","#9119","#2718","#5476","#7530-b","#4970","#5320","#5853-b","#860","#4909","#6073","#2474","#4476","#8107","#5951","#2718","#3248","#7678","#8063","#5533-c","The minutes for December 1826 are titled \"Proceedings of the Board of Visitors December 1826\" and are initialed by Monroe on the front cover. \n            The minutes for July 1827 are titled \"Proceedings of the Rector and Visitors July 1827\" and are docketed by Monroe on the rear cover. Both are in the \n          hand of Nicholas P. Trist.","#RG-1/1/1.481","#7289-b","#11946","#11945-a","#11943-a","#3184","#1480","#5914","#4476","#2832","#9210-f","#1714","#2318","#3184","#9156","#5845","#4776-a","#38-596","#10827","#1661","#3351","#6077","#5842","#38-596","#38-596","#4559","#38-596","#7326","#3184","#6435","#7224","#6569","#6278","#3525-y","#14816","See the \n            \n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Papers of James Monroe \n1778-1831"],"collection_ssim":["Papers of James Monroe \n1778-1831"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":[": Multiple numbers"],"unitid_tesim":[": Multiple numbers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was acquired through gift and purchase.\n            See individual accession numbers for more information."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["This collection consists of ca. 209 items."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFifth President 1817-1825; born April 28, 1758 in Westmoreland County, Virginia; married, Elizabeth Kortright (1768-1830) February 16, 1786; children: Eliza Kortright Monroe (1786-1835), James Spence Monroe (1799-1800), Maria Hester Monroe (1803-1850); died July 4, 1831 in New York, New York; buried: Hollywood Cemetery, Richmond, Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nBorn in Westmoreland County, Virginia, in 1758, Monroe attended the College of William and Mary, fought with distinction in the Continental Army, and practiced law in Fredericksburg, Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nAs a youthful politician, he joined the anti-Federalists in the Virginia Convention which ratified the Constitution, and in 1790, an advocate of Jeffersonian policies, was elected United States Senator. As Minister to France in 1794-1796, he displayed strong sympathies for the French cause; later, with Robert R. Livingston, he helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchase. His ambition and energy, together with the backing of President Madison, made him the Republican choice for the Presidency in 1816. With little Federalist opposition, he easily won re-election in 1820. Monroe made unusually strong Cabinet choices, naming a Southerner, John C. Calhoun, as Secretary of War, and a northerner, John Quincy Adams, as Secretary of State. Only Henry Clay's refusal kept Monroe from adding an outstanding Westerner.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nEarly in his administration, Monroe undertook a goodwill tour. At Boston, his visit was hailed as the beginning of an \"Era of Good Feelings.\" Unfortunately these \"good feelings\" did not endure, although Monroe, his popularity undiminished, followed nationalist policies.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nAcross the facade of nationalism, ugly sectional cracks appeared. A painful economic depression undoubtedly increased the dismay of the people of the Missouri Territory in 1819 when their application for admission to the Union as a slave state failed. An amended bill for gradually eliminating slavery in Missouri precipitated two years of bitter debate in Congress. The Missouri Compromise bill resolved the struggle, pairing Missouri as a slave state with Maine, a free state, and barring slavery north and west of Missouri forever.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nIn foreign affairs Monroe proclaimed the fundamental policy that bears his name, responding to the threat that the more conservative governments in Europe might try to aid Spain in winning back her former Latin American colonies. Monroe did not begin formally to recognize the young sister republics until 1822, after ascertaining that Congress would vote appropriations for diplomatic missions. He and Secretary of State John Quincy Adams wished to avoid trouble with Spain until it had ceded the Floridas, as was done in 1821.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nGreat Britain, with its powerful navy, also opposed reconquest of Latin America and suggested that the United States join in proclaiming \"hands off.\" Ex-Presidents Jefferson and Madison counseled Monroe to accept the offer, but Secretary Adams advised, \"It would be more candid ... to avow our principles explicitly to Russia and France, than to come in as a cock-boat in the wake of the British man-of-war.\"\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nMonroe accepted Adams's advice. Not only must Latin America be left alone, he warned, but also Russia must not encroach southward on the Pacific coast. \". . . the American continents,\" he stated, \"by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European Power.\" Some 20 years after Monroe died in 1831, this became known as the Monroe Doctrine.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Fifth President 1817-1825; born April 28, 1758 in Westmoreland County, Virginia; married, Elizabeth Kortright (1768-1830) February 16, 1786; children: Eliza Kortright Monroe (1786-1835), James Spence Monroe (1799-1800), Maria Hester Monroe (1803-1850); died July 4, 1831 in New York, New York; buried: Hollywood Cemetery, Richmond, Virginia.","Born in Westmoreland County, Virginia, in 1758, Monroe attended the College of William and Mary, fought with distinction in the Continental Army, and practiced law in Fredericksburg, Virginia.","As a youthful politician, he joined the anti-Federalists in the Virginia Convention which ratified the Constitution, and in 1790, an advocate of Jeffersonian policies, was elected United States Senator. As Minister to France in 1794-1796, he displayed strong sympathies for the French cause; later, with Robert R. Livingston, he helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchase. His ambition and energy, together with the backing of President Madison, made him the Republican choice for the Presidency in 1816. With little Federalist opposition, he easily won re-election in 1820. Monroe made unusually strong Cabinet choices, naming a Southerner, John C. Calhoun, as Secretary of War, and a northerner, John Quincy Adams, as Secretary of State. Only Henry Clay's refusal kept Monroe from adding an outstanding Westerner.","Early in his administration, Monroe undertook a goodwill tour. At Boston, his visit was hailed as the beginning of an \"Era of Good Feelings.\" Unfortunately these \"good feelings\" did not endure, although Monroe, his popularity undiminished, followed nationalist policies.","Across the facade of nationalism, ugly sectional cracks appeared. A painful economic depression undoubtedly increased the dismay of the people of the Missouri Territory in 1819 when their application for admission to the Union as a slave state failed. An amended bill for gradually eliminating slavery in Missouri precipitated two years of bitter debate in Congress. The Missouri Compromise bill resolved the struggle, pairing Missouri as a slave state with Maine, a free state, and barring slavery north and west of Missouri forever.","In foreign affairs Monroe proclaimed the fundamental policy that bears his name, responding to the threat that the more conservative governments in Europe might try to aid Spain in winning back her former Latin American colonies. Monroe did not begin formally to recognize the young sister republics until 1822, after ascertaining that Congress would vote appropriations for diplomatic missions. He and Secretary of State John Quincy Adams wished to avoid trouble with Spain until it had ceded the Floridas, as was done in 1821.","Great Britain, with its powerful navy, also opposed reconquest of Latin America and suggested that the United States join in proclaiming \"hands off.\" Ex-Presidents Jefferson and Madison counseled Monroe to accept the offer, but Secretary Adams advised, \"It would be more candid ... to avow our principles explicitly to Russia and France, than to come in as a cock-boat in the wake of the British man-of-war.\"","Monroe accepted Adams's advice. Not only must Latin America be left alone, he warned, but also Russia must not encroach southward on the Pacific coast. \". . . the American continents,\" he stated, \"by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European Power.\" Some 20 years after Monroe died in 1831, this became known as the Monroe Doctrine."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of James Monroe, Accession #[ ], Special\n            Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n            Charlottesville, Va.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of James Monroe, Accession #[ ], Special\n            Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n            Charlottesville, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Papers of James Monroe (ca. 209 items) consist chiefly of correspondence with friends, family members, and fellow politicians.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    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\u003cnum\u003e#2854\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#4384\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5533-a\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1231\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#309\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1532\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#4909\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#4776\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5533-c\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003eMonroe apologizes for replying so late and then says that he hopes that he will be able to provide the requested money but is not sure where he would be able to find the funds to do so.\u003c/p\u003e\n          ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1397\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#8005\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#7792\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1532\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1398\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#13915\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003eOriginal in Papers of Thomas Jefferson. \n                  \u003cnum\u003e#4776-a\u003c/num\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#38-550\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n        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","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#7678\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#8063\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5533-c\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003eThe minutes for December 1826 are titled \"Proceedings of the Board of Visitors December 1826\" and are initialed by Monroe on the front cover. \n            The minutes for July 1827 are titled \"Proceedings of the Rector and Visitors July 1827\" and are docketed by Monroe on the rear cover. Both are in the \n          hand of Nicholas P. Trist.\u003c/p\u003e\n          ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#RG-1/1/1.481\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#7289-b\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#11946\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#11945-a\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#11943-a\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#3184\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1480\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5914\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#4476\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            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","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1661\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#3351\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#6077\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5842\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#38-596\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#38-596\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#4559\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#38-596\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#7326\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#3184\u003c/num\u003e\n         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#5957","#8991","#5533","#6106","#7716-l","#38-114","#4476","#3419","#10398-a","#7262","#1661","#7224","#4501","#5718-d","#2119-a","#4909","#8707-a","#8739-a","#2196","#7289-b","#5320","#5320","#2362-d","#2119","#5533-a","#9510","#2854","#4384","#5533-a","#1231","#309","#1532","#4909","#4776","#5533-c","Monroe apologizes for replying so late and then says that he hopes that he will be able to provide the requested money but is not sure where he would be able to find the funds to do so.","#1397","#8005","#7792","#1532","#1398","#13915","Original in Papers of Thomas Jefferson. \n                  #4776-a","#38-550","#7650","#3098","#2988","#2854","#2447","#7224","#1661","#7326","#10631","#8739-a","#2529","#8739-a","#5845","#2598","#8739-a","#8739-a","#8739-a","#8739-a","#8481","#7299","#7262","#5106","#5412","#1398","#1331","#1714","#5533-n","#4559","#7929","#6691","#4619","#4476","#3339","#1232","#38-486","#6691-a","#5842","#5239","#7308","Asking for consideration as replacement for General Lyman as Consul in Great Britain","#5533-c","#5383-a","#1661","#6697","#1232","#4748","#5951","#7102","#2315","#6569","#1564","#8739-a","#3699","#8739-a","#2288","#3930","#2832-b","#5077","#6569","#3800","#6995","#4188","#9737-c","#4476","#8807-a","#2119-a","#3248","#2718","#7455","#8800","#8685","#4509","#6691-b","#7499","#3537","#7262","#2717","#2717","#2717","#8669","#3248","#2360","#10428-f","#2717","#2717","#2196","#8005","#2717","#4926","#4830","#9382","#2360","#5009","#8700","#8689","#2598-a","#2718","#2134","#4832","#3248","#3490-a","#1661","#3957","#38-304","#8557","#1921-a","#6569","#2019-a","#3643","#2718","#9119","#2718","#5476","#7530-b","#4970","#5320","#5853-b","#860","#4909","#6073","#2474","#4476","#8107","#5951","#2718","#3248","#7678","#8063","#5533-c","The minutes for December 1826 are titled \"Proceedings of the Board of Visitors December 1826\" and are initialed by Monroe on the front cover. \n            The minutes for July 1827 are titled \"Proceedings of the Rector and Visitors July 1827\" and are docketed by Monroe on the rear cover. Both are in the \n          hand of Nicholas P. 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As Minister to France in 1794-1796, he displayed strong sympathies for the French cause; later, with Robert R. Livingston, he helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchase. His ambition and energy, together with the backing of President Madison, made him the Republican choice for the Presidency in 1816. With little Federalist opposition, he easily won re-election in 1820. Monroe made unusually strong Cabinet choices, naming a Southerner, John C. Calhoun, as Secretary of War, and a northerner, John Quincy Adams, as Secretary of State. Only Henry Clay's refusal kept Monroe from adding an outstanding Westerner.","Early in his administration, Monroe undertook a goodwill tour. At Boston, his visit was hailed as the beginning of an \"Era of Good Feelings.\" Unfortunately these \"good feelings\" did not endure, although Monroe, his popularity undiminished, followed nationalist policies.","Across the facade of nationalism, ugly sectional cracks appeared. A painful economic depression undoubtedly increased the dismay of the people of the Missouri Territory in 1819 when their application for admission to the Union as a slave state failed. An amended bill for gradually eliminating slavery in Missouri precipitated two years of bitter debate in Congress. The Missouri Compromise bill resolved the struggle, pairing Missouri as a slave state with Maine, a free state, and barring slavery north and west of Missouri forever.","In foreign affairs Monroe proclaimed the fundamental policy that bears his name, responding to the threat that the more conservative governments in Europe might try to aid Spain in winning back her former Latin American colonies. Monroe did not begin formally to recognize the young sister republics until 1822, after ascertaining that Congress would vote appropriations for diplomatic missions. He and Secretary of State John Quincy Adams wished to avoid trouble with Spain until it had ceded the Floridas, as was done in 1821.","Great Britain, with its powerful navy, also opposed reconquest of Latin America and suggested that the United States join in proclaiming \"hands off.\" Ex-Presidents Jefferson and Madison counseled Monroe to accept the offer, but Secretary Adams advised, \"It would be more candid ... to avow our principles explicitly to Russia and France, than to come in as a cock-boat in the wake of the British man-of-war.\"","Monroe accepted Adams's advice. Not only must Latin America be left alone, he warned, but also Russia must not encroach southward on the Pacific coast. \". . . the American continents,\" he stated, \"by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European Power.\" Some 20 years after Monroe died in 1831, this became known as the Monroe Doctrine.","The Papers of James Monroe (ca. 209 items) consist chiefly of correspondence with friends, family members, and fellow politicians.","#7224","#38-112","Original in the Hitchcock-Coit Collection of Mills College Library.\n                  #5957","#8991","#5533","#6106","#7716-l","#38-114","#4476","#3419","#10398-a","#7262","#1661","#7224","#4501","#5718-d","#2119-a","#4909","#8707-a","#8739-a","#2196","#7289-b","#5320","#5320","#2362-d","#2119","#5533-a","#9510","#2854","#4384","#5533-a","#1231","#309","#1532","#4909","#4776","#5533-c","Monroe apologizes for replying so late and then says that he hopes that he will be able to provide the requested money but is not sure where he would be able to find the funds to do so.","#1397","#8005","#7792","#1532","#1398","#13915","Original in Papers of Thomas Jefferson. \n                  #4776-a","#38-550","#7650","#3098","#2988","#2854","#2447","#7224","#1661","#7326","#10631","#8739-a","#2529","#8739-a","#5845","#2598","#8739-a","#8739-a","#8739-a","#8739-a","#8481","#7299","#7262","#5106","#5412","#1398","#1331","#1714","#5533-n","#4559","#7929","#6691","#4619","#4476","#3339","#1232","#38-486","#6691-a","#5842","#5239","#7308","Asking for consideration as replacement for General Lyman as Consul in Great Britain","#5533-c","#5383-a","#1661","#6697","#1232","#4748","#5951","#7102","#2315","#6569","#1564","#8739-a","#3699","#8739-a","#2288","#3930","#2832-b","#5077","#6569","#3800","#6995","#4188","#9737-c","#4476","#8807-a","#2119-a","#3248","#2718","#7455","#8800","#8685","#4509","#6691-b","#7499","#3537","#7262","#2717","#2717","#2717","#8669","#3248","#2360","#10428-f","#2717","#2717","#2196","#8005","#2717","#4926","#4830","#9382","#2360","#5009","#8700","#8689","#2598-a","#2718","#2134","#4832","#3248","#3490-a","#1661","#3957","#38-304","#8557","#1921-a","#6569","#2019-a","#3643","#2718","#9119","#2718","#5476","#7530-b","#4970","#5320","#5853-b","#860","#4909","#6073","#2474","#4476","#8107","#5951","#2718","#3248","#7678","#8063","#5533-c","The minutes for December 1826 are titled \"Proceedings of the Board of Visitors December 1826\" and are initialed by Monroe on the front cover. \n            The minutes for July 1827 are titled \"Proceedings of the Rector and Visitors July 1827\" and are docketed by Monroe on the rear cover. 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As Minister to France in 1794-1796, he displayed strong sympathies for the French cause; later, with Robert R. Livingston, he helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchase. His ambition and energy, together with the backing of President Madison, made him the Republican choice for the Presidency in 1816. With little Federalist opposition, he easily won re-election in 1820. Monroe made unusually strong Cabinet choices, naming a Southerner, John C. Calhoun, as Secretary of War, and a northerner, John Quincy Adams, as Secretary of State. Only Henry Clay's refusal kept Monroe from adding an outstanding Westerner.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nEarly in his administration, Monroe undertook a goodwill tour. At Boston, his visit was hailed as the beginning of an \"Era of Good Feelings.\" Unfortunately these \"good feelings\" did not endure, although Monroe, his popularity undiminished, followed nationalist policies.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nAcross the facade of nationalism, ugly sectional cracks appeared. A painful economic depression undoubtedly increased the dismay of the people of the Missouri Territory in 1819 when their application for admission to the Union as a slave state failed. An amended bill for gradually eliminating slavery in Missouri precipitated two years of bitter debate in Congress. The Missouri Compromise bill resolved the struggle, pairing Missouri as a slave state with Maine, a free state, and barring slavery north and west of Missouri forever.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nIn foreign affairs Monroe proclaimed the fundamental policy that bears his name, responding to the threat that the more conservative governments in Europe might try to aid Spain in winning back her former Latin American colonies. Monroe did not begin formally to recognize the young sister republics until 1822, after ascertaining that Congress would vote appropriations for diplomatic missions. He and Secretary of State John Quincy Adams wished to avoid trouble with Spain until it had ceded the Floridas, as was done in 1821.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nGreat Britain, with its powerful navy, also opposed reconquest of Latin America and suggested that the United States join in proclaiming \"hands off.\" Ex-Presidents Jefferson and Madison counseled Monroe to accept the offer, but Secretary Adams advised, \"It would be more candid ... to avow our principles explicitly to Russia and France, than to come in as a cock-boat in the wake of the British man-of-war.\"\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nMonroe accepted Adams's advice. Not only must Latin America be left alone, he warned, but also Russia must not encroach southward on the Pacific coast. \". . . the American continents,\" he stated, \"by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European Power.\" Some 20 years after Monroe died in 1831, this became known as the Monroe Doctrine.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Fifth President 1817-1825; born April 28, 1758 in Westmoreland County, Virginia; married, Elizabeth Kortright (1768-1830) February 16, 1786; children: Eliza Kortright Monroe (1786-1835), James Spence Monroe (1799-1800), Maria Hester Monroe (1803-1850); died July 4, 1831 in New York, New York; buried: Hollywood Cemetery, Richmond, Virginia.","Born in Westmoreland County, Virginia, in 1758, Monroe attended the College of William and Mary, fought with distinction in the Continental Army, and practiced law in Fredericksburg, Virginia.","As a youthful politician, he joined the anti-Federalists in the Virginia Convention which ratified the Constitution, and in 1790, an advocate of Jeffersonian policies, was elected United States Senator. As Minister to France in 1794-1796, he displayed strong sympathies for the French cause; later, with Robert R. Livingston, he helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchase. His ambition and energy, together with the backing of President Madison, made him the Republican choice for the Presidency in 1816. With little Federalist opposition, he easily won re-election in 1820. Monroe made unusually strong Cabinet choices, naming a Southerner, John C. Calhoun, as Secretary of War, and a northerner, John Quincy Adams, as Secretary of State. Only Henry Clay's refusal kept Monroe from adding an outstanding Westerner.","Early in his administration, Monroe undertook a goodwill tour. At Boston, his visit was hailed as the beginning of an \"Era of Good Feelings.\" Unfortunately these \"good feelings\" did not endure, although Monroe, his popularity undiminished, followed nationalist policies.","Across the facade of nationalism, ugly sectional cracks appeared. A painful economic depression undoubtedly increased the dismay of the people of the Missouri Territory in 1819 when their application for admission to the Union as a slave state failed. An amended bill for gradually eliminating slavery in Missouri precipitated two years of bitter debate in Congress. The Missouri Compromise bill resolved the struggle, pairing Missouri as a slave state with Maine, a free state, and barring slavery north and west of Missouri forever.","In foreign affairs Monroe proclaimed the fundamental policy that bears his name, responding to the threat that the more conservative governments in Europe might try to aid Spain in winning back her former Latin American colonies. Monroe did not begin formally to recognize the young sister republics until 1822, after ascertaining that Congress would vote appropriations for diplomatic missions. He and Secretary of State John Quincy Adams wished to avoid trouble with Spain until it had ceded the Floridas, as was done in 1821.","Great Britain, with its powerful navy, also opposed reconquest of Latin America and suggested that the United States join in proclaiming \"hands off.\" Ex-Presidents Jefferson and Madison counseled Monroe to accept the offer, but Secretary Adams advised, \"It would be more candid ... to avow our principles explicitly to Russia and France, than to come in as a cock-boat in the wake of the British man-of-war.\"","Monroe accepted Adams's advice. Not only must Latin America be left alone, he warned, but also Russia must not encroach southward on the Pacific coast. \". . . the American continents,\" he stated, \"by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European Power.\" Some 20 years after Monroe died in 1831, this became known as the Monroe Doctrine."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of James Monroe, Accession #[ ], Special\n            Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n            Charlottesville, Va.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of James Monroe, Accession #[ ], Special\n            Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n            Charlottesville, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Papers of James Monroe (ca. 209 items) consist chiefly of correspondence with friends, family members, and fellow politicians.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    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provide the requested money but is not sure where he would be able to find the funds to do so.\u003c/p\u003e\n          ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1397\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#8005\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#7792\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1532\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1398\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#13915\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003eOriginal in Papers of Thomas Jefferson. \n                  \u003cnum\u003e#4776-a\u003c/num\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#38-550\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n        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","\u003cp\u003eAsking for consideration as replacement for General Lyman as Consul in Great Britain\u003c/p\u003e\n          ","\u003cp\u003e\u003cnum\u003e#5533-c\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5383-a\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1661\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#6697\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1232\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#4748\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5951\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#7102\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#2315\u003c/num\u003e\n 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","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#7678\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#8063\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5533-c\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003eThe minutes for December 1826 are titled \"Proceedings of the Board of Visitors December 1826\" and are initialed by Monroe on the front cover. \n            The minutes for July 1827 are titled \"Proceedings of the Rector and Visitors July 1827\" and are docketed by Monroe on the rear cover. Both are in the \n          hand of Nicholas P. Trist.\u003c/p\u003e\n          ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#RG-1/1/1.481\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#7289-b\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#11946\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#11945-a\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#11943-a\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#3184\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1480\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5914\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#4476\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            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As Minister to France in 1794-1796, he displayed strong sympathies for the French cause; later, with Robert R. Livingston, he helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchase. His ambition and energy, together with the backing of President Madison, made him the Republican choice for the Presidency in 1816. With little Federalist opposition, he easily won re-election in 1820. Monroe made unusually strong Cabinet choices, naming a Southerner, John C. Calhoun, as Secretary of War, and a northerner, John Quincy Adams, as Secretary of State. Only Henry Clay's refusal kept Monroe from adding an outstanding Westerner.","Early in his administration, Monroe undertook a goodwill tour. At Boston, his visit was hailed as the beginning of an \"Era of Good Feelings.\" Unfortunately these \"good feelings\" did not endure, although Monroe, his popularity undiminished, followed nationalist policies.","Across the facade of nationalism, ugly sectional cracks appeared. A painful economic depression undoubtedly increased the dismay of the people of the Missouri Territory in 1819 when their application for admission to the Union as a slave state failed. An amended bill for gradually eliminating slavery in Missouri precipitated two years of bitter debate in Congress. The Missouri Compromise bill resolved the struggle, pairing Missouri as a slave state with Maine, a free state, and barring slavery north and west of Missouri forever.","In foreign affairs Monroe proclaimed the fundamental policy that bears his name, responding to the threat that the more conservative governments in Europe might try to aid Spain in winning back her former Latin American colonies. Monroe did not begin formally to recognize the young sister republics until 1822, after ascertaining that Congress would vote appropriations for diplomatic missions. He and Secretary of State John Quincy Adams wished to avoid trouble with Spain until it had ceded the Floridas, as was done in 1821.","Great Britain, with its powerful navy, also opposed reconquest of Latin America and suggested that the United States join in proclaiming \"hands off.\" Ex-Presidents Jefferson and Madison counseled Monroe to accept the offer, but Secretary Adams advised, \"It would be more candid ... to avow our principles explicitly to Russia and France, than to come in as a cock-boat in the wake of the British man-of-war.\"","Monroe accepted Adams's advice. Not only must Latin America be left alone, he warned, but also Russia must not encroach southward on the Pacific coast. \". . . the American continents,\" he stated, \"by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European Power.\" Some 20 years after Monroe died in 1831, this became known as the Monroe Doctrine.","The Papers of James Monroe (ca. 209 items) consist chiefly of correspondence with friends, family members, and fellow politicians.","#7224","#38-112","Original in the Hitchcock-Coit Collection of Mills College Library.\n                  #5957","#8991","#5533","#6106","#7716-l","#38-114","#4476","#3419","#10398-a","#7262","#1661","#7224","#4501","#5718-d","#2119-a","#4909","#8707-a","#8739-a","#2196","#7289-b","#5320","#5320","#2362-d","#2119","#5533-a","#9510","#2854","#4384","#5533-a","#1231","#309","#1532","#4909","#4776","#5533-c","Monroe apologizes for replying so late and then says that he hopes that he will be able to provide the requested money but is not sure where he would be able to find the funds to do so.","#1397","#8005","#7792","#1532","#1398","#13915","Original in Papers of Thomas Jefferson. \n                  #4776-a","#38-550","#7650","#3098","#2988","#2854","#2447","#7224","#1661","#7326","#10631","#8739-a","#2529","#8739-a","#5845","#2598","#8739-a","#8739-a","#8739-a","#8739-a","#8481","#7299","#7262","#5106","#5412","#1398","#1331","#1714","#5533-n","#4559","#7929","#6691","#4619","#4476","#3339","#1232","#38-486","#6691-a","#5842","#5239","#7308","Asking for consideration as replacement for General Lyman as Consul in Great Britain","#5533-c","#5383-a","#1661","#6697","#1232","#4748","#5951","#7102","#2315","#6569","#1564","#8739-a","#3699","#8739-a","#2288","#3930","#2832-b","#5077","#6569","#3800","#6995","#4188","#9737-c","#4476","#8807-a","#2119-a","#3248","#2718","#7455","#8800","#8685","#4509","#6691-b","#7499","#3537","#7262","#2717","#2717","#2717","#8669","#3248","#2360","#10428-f","#2717","#2717","#2196","#8005","#2717","#4926","#4830","#9382","#2360","#5009","#8700","#8689","#2598-a","#2718","#2134","#4832","#3248","#3490-a","#1661","#3957","#38-304","#8557","#1921-a","#6569","#2019-a","#3643","#2718","#9119","#2718","#5476","#7530-b","#4970","#5320","#5853-b","#860","#4909","#6073","#2474","#4476","#8107","#5951","#2718","#3248","#7678","#8063","#5533-c","The minutes for December 1826 are titled \"Proceedings of the Board of Visitors December 1826\" and are initialed by Monroe on the front cover. \n            The minutes for July 1827 are titled \"Proceedings of the Rector and Visitors July 1827\" and are docketed by Monroe on the rear cover. 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As Minister to France in 1794-1796, he displayed strong sympathies for the French cause; later, with Robert R. Livingston, he helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchase. His ambition and energy, together with the backing of President Madison, made him the Republican choice for the Presidency in 1816. With little Federalist opposition, he easily won re-election in 1820. Monroe made unusually strong Cabinet choices, naming a Southerner, John C. Calhoun, as Secretary of War, and a northerner, John Quincy Adams, as Secretary of State. Only Henry Clay's refusal kept Monroe from adding an outstanding Westerner.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nEarly in his administration, Monroe undertook a goodwill tour. At Boston, his visit was hailed as the beginning of an \"Era of Good Feelings.\" Unfortunately these \"good feelings\" did not endure, although Monroe, his popularity undiminished, followed nationalist policies.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nAcross the facade of nationalism, ugly sectional cracks appeared. A painful economic depression undoubtedly increased the dismay of the people of the Missouri Territory in 1819 when their application for admission to the Union as a slave state failed. An amended bill for gradually eliminating slavery in Missouri precipitated two years of bitter debate in Congress. The Missouri Compromise bill resolved the struggle, pairing Missouri as a slave state with Maine, a free state, and barring slavery north and west of Missouri forever.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nIn foreign affairs Monroe proclaimed the fundamental policy that bears his name, responding to the threat that the more conservative governments in Europe might try to aid Spain in winning back her former Latin American colonies. Monroe did not begin formally to recognize the young sister republics until 1822, after ascertaining that Congress would vote appropriations for diplomatic missions. He and Secretary of State John Quincy Adams wished to avoid trouble with Spain until it had ceded the Floridas, as was done in 1821.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nGreat Britain, with its powerful navy, also opposed reconquest of Latin America and suggested that the United States join in proclaiming \"hands off.\" Ex-Presidents Jefferson and Madison counseled Monroe to accept the offer, but Secretary Adams advised, \"It would be more candid ... to avow our principles explicitly to Russia and France, than to come in as a cock-boat in the wake of the British man-of-war.\"\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nMonroe accepted Adams's advice. Not only must Latin America be left alone, he warned, but also Russia must not encroach southward on the Pacific coast. \". . . the American continents,\" he stated, \"by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European Power.\" Some 20 years after Monroe died in 1831, this became known as the Monroe Doctrine.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Fifth President 1817-1825; born April 28, 1758 in Westmoreland County, Virginia; married, Elizabeth Kortright (1768-1830) February 16, 1786; children: Eliza Kortright Monroe (1786-1835), James Spence Monroe (1799-1800), Maria Hester Monroe (1803-1850); died July 4, 1831 in New York, New York; buried: Hollywood Cemetery, Richmond, Virginia.","Born in Westmoreland County, Virginia, in 1758, Monroe attended the College of William and Mary, fought with distinction in the Continental Army, and practiced law in Fredericksburg, Virginia.","As a youthful politician, he joined the anti-Federalists in the Virginia Convention which ratified the Constitution, and in 1790, an advocate of Jeffersonian policies, was elected United States Senator. As Minister to France in 1794-1796, he displayed strong sympathies for the French cause; later, with Robert R. Livingston, he helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchase. His ambition and energy, together with the backing of President Madison, made him the Republican choice for the Presidency in 1816. With little Federalist opposition, he easily won re-election in 1820. Monroe made unusually strong Cabinet choices, naming a Southerner, John C. Calhoun, as Secretary of War, and a northerner, John Quincy Adams, as Secretary of State. Only Henry Clay's refusal kept Monroe from adding an outstanding Westerner.","Early in his administration, Monroe undertook a goodwill tour. At Boston, his visit was hailed as the beginning of an \"Era of Good Feelings.\" Unfortunately these \"good feelings\" did not endure, although Monroe, his popularity undiminished, followed nationalist policies.","Across the facade of nationalism, ugly sectional cracks appeared. A painful economic depression undoubtedly increased the dismay of the people of the Missouri Territory in 1819 when their application for admission to the Union as a slave state failed. An amended bill for gradually eliminating slavery in Missouri precipitated two years of bitter debate in Congress. The Missouri Compromise bill resolved the struggle, pairing Missouri as a slave state with Maine, a free state, and barring slavery north and west of Missouri forever.","In foreign affairs Monroe proclaimed the fundamental policy that bears his name, responding to the threat that the more conservative governments in Europe might try to aid Spain in winning back her former Latin American colonies. Monroe did not begin formally to recognize the young sister republics until 1822, after ascertaining that Congress would vote appropriations for diplomatic missions. He and Secretary of State John Quincy Adams wished to avoid trouble with Spain until it had ceded the Floridas, as was done in 1821.","Great Britain, with its powerful navy, also opposed reconquest of Latin America and suggested that the United States join in proclaiming \"hands off.\" Ex-Presidents Jefferson and Madison counseled Monroe to accept the offer, but Secretary Adams advised, \"It would be more candid ... to avow our principles explicitly to Russia and France, than to come in as a cock-boat in the wake of the British man-of-war.\"","Monroe accepted Adams's advice. Not only must Latin America be left alone, he warned, but also Russia must not encroach southward on the Pacific coast. \". . . the American continents,\" he stated, \"by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European Power.\" Some 20 years after Monroe died in 1831, this became known as the Monroe Doctrine."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of James Monroe, Accession #[ ], Special\n            Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n            Charlottesville, Va.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of James Monroe, Accession #[ ], Special\n            Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n            Charlottesville, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Papers of James Monroe (ca. 209 items) consist chiefly of correspondence with friends, family members, and fellow politicians.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    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    \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#8739-a\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#2196\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#7289-b\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5320\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5320\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#2362-d\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#2119\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5533-a\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#9510\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            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provide the requested money but is not sure where he would be able to find the funds to do so.\u003c/p\u003e\n          ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1397\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#8005\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#7792\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1532\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1398\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#13915\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003eOriginal in Papers of Thomas Jefferson. \n                  \u003cnum\u003e#4776-a\u003c/num\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#38-550\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n        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","\u003cp\u003eAsking for consideration as replacement for General Lyman as Consul in Great Britain\u003c/p\u003e\n          ","\u003cp\u003e\u003cnum\u003e#5533-c\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5383-a\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1661\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#6697\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1232\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#4748\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5951\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#7102\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#2315\u003c/num\u003e\n 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As Minister to France in 1794-1796, he displayed strong sympathies for the French cause; later, with Robert R. Livingston, he helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchase. His ambition and energy, together with the backing of President Madison, made him the Republican choice for the Presidency in 1816. With little Federalist opposition, he easily won re-election in 1820. Monroe made unusually strong Cabinet choices, naming a Southerner, John C. Calhoun, as Secretary of War, and a northerner, John Quincy Adams, as Secretary of State. Only Henry Clay's refusal kept Monroe from adding an outstanding Westerner.","Early in his administration, Monroe undertook a goodwill tour. At Boston, his visit was hailed as the beginning of an \"Era of Good Feelings.\" Unfortunately these \"good feelings\" did not endure, although Monroe, his popularity undiminished, followed nationalist policies.","Across the facade of nationalism, ugly sectional cracks appeared. A painful economic depression undoubtedly increased the dismay of the people of the Missouri Territory in 1819 when their application for admission to the Union as a slave state failed. An amended bill for gradually eliminating slavery in Missouri precipitated two years of bitter debate in Congress. The Missouri Compromise bill resolved the struggle, pairing Missouri as a slave state with Maine, a free state, and barring slavery north and west of Missouri forever.","In foreign affairs Monroe proclaimed the fundamental policy that bears his name, responding to the threat that the more conservative governments in Europe might try to aid Spain in winning back her former Latin American colonies. Monroe did not begin formally to recognize the young sister republics until 1822, after ascertaining that Congress would vote appropriations for diplomatic missions. He and Secretary of State John Quincy Adams wished to avoid trouble with Spain until it had ceded the Floridas, as was done in 1821.","Great Britain, with its powerful navy, also opposed reconquest of Latin America and suggested that the United States join in proclaiming \"hands off.\" Ex-Presidents Jefferson and Madison counseled Monroe to accept the offer, but Secretary Adams advised, \"It would be more candid ... to avow our principles explicitly to Russia and France, than to come in as a cock-boat in the wake of the British man-of-war.\"","Monroe accepted Adams's advice. Not only must Latin America be left alone, he warned, but also Russia must not encroach southward on the Pacific coast. \". . . the American continents,\" he stated, \"by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European Power.\" Some 20 years after Monroe died in 1831, this became known as the Monroe Doctrine.","The Papers of James Monroe (ca. 209 items) consist chiefly of correspondence with friends, family members, and fellow politicians.","#7224","#38-112","Original in the Hitchcock-Coit Collection of Mills College Library.\n                  #5957","#8991","#5533","#6106","#7716-l","#38-114","#4476","#3419","#10398-a","#7262","#1661","#7224","#4501","#5718-d","#2119-a","#4909","#8707-a","#8739-a","#2196","#7289-b","#5320","#5320","#2362-d","#2119","#5533-a","#9510","#2854","#4384","#5533-a","#1231","#309","#1532","#4909","#4776","#5533-c","Monroe apologizes for replying so late and then says that he hopes that he will be able to provide the requested money but is not sure where he would be able to find the funds to do so.","#1397","#8005","#7792","#1532","#1398","#13915","Original in Papers of Thomas Jefferson. \n                  #4776-a","#38-550","#7650","#3098","#2988","#2854","#2447","#7224","#1661","#7326","#10631","#8739-a","#2529","#8739-a","#5845","#2598","#8739-a","#8739-a","#8739-a","#8739-a","#8481","#7299","#7262","#5106","#5412","#1398","#1331","#1714","#5533-n","#4559","#7929","#6691","#4619","#4476","#3339","#1232","#38-486","#6691-a","#5842","#5239","#7308","Asking for consideration as replacement for General Lyman as Consul in Great Britain","#5533-c","#5383-a","#1661","#6697","#1232","#4748","#5951","#7102","#2315","#6569","#1564","#8739-a","#3699","#8739-a","#2288","#3930","#2832-b","#5077","#6569","#3800","#6995","#4188","#9737-c","#4476","#8807-a","#2119-a","#3248","#2718","#7455","#8800","#8685","#4509","#6691-b","#7499","#3537","#7262","#2717","#2717","#2717","#8669","#3248","#2360","#10428-f","#2717","#2717","#2196","#8005","#2717","#4926","#4830","#9382","#2360","#5009","#8700","#8689","#2598-a","#2718","#2134","#4832","#3248","#3490-a","#1661","#3957","#38-304","#8557","#1921-a","#6569","#2019-a","#3643","#2718","#9119","#2718","#5476","#7530-b","#4970","#5320","#5853-b","#860","#4909","#6073","#2474","#4476","#8107","#5951","#2718","#3248","#7678","#8063","#5533-c","The minutes for December 1826 are titled \"Proceedings of the Board of Visitors December 1826\" and are initialed by Monroe on the front cover. \n            The minutes for July 1827 are titled \"Proceedings of the Rector and Visitors July 1827\" and are docketed by Monroe on the rear cover. Both are in the \n          hand of Nicholas P. Trist.","#RG-1/1/1.481","#7289-b","#11946","#11945-a","#11943-a","#3184","#1480","#5914","#4476","#2832","#9210-f","#1714","#2318","#3184","#9156","#5845","#4776-a","#38-596","#10827","#1661","#3351","#6077","#5842","#38-596","#38-596","#4559","#38-596","#7326","#3184","#6435","#7224","#6569","#6278","#3525-y","#14816","See the \n            \n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Papers of James Monroe \n1778-1831"],"collection_ssim":["Papers of James Monroe \n1778-1831"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":[": Multiple numbers"],"unitid_tesim":[": Multiple numbers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was acquired through gift and purchase.\n            See individual accession numbers for more information."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["This collection consists of ca. 209 items."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFifth President 1817-1825; born April 28, 1758 in Westmoreland County, Virginia; married, Elizabeth Kortright (1768-1830) February 16, 1786; children: Eliza Kortright Monroe (1786-1835), James Spence Monroe (1799-1800), Maria Hester Monroe (1803-1850); died July 4, 1831 in New York, New York; buried: Hollywood Cemetery, Richmond, Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nBorn in Westmoreland County, Virginia, in 1758, Monroe attended the College of William and Mary, fought with distinction in the Continental Army, and practiced law in Fredericksburg, Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nAs a youthful politician, he joined the anti-Federalists in the Virginia Convention which ratified the Constitution, and in 1790, an advocate of Jeffersonian policies, was elected United States Senator. As Minister to France in 1794-1796, he displayed strong sympathies for the French cause; later, with Robert R. Livingston, he helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchase. His ambition and energy, together with the backing of President Madison, made him the Republican choice for the Presidency in 1816. With little Federalist opposition, he easily won re-election in 1820. Monroe made unusually strong Cabinet choices, naming a Southerner, John C. Calhoun, as Secretary of War, and a northerner, John Quincy Adams, as Secretary of State. Only Henry Clay's refusal kept Monroe from adding an outstanding Westerner.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nEarly in his administration, Monroe undertook a goodwill tour. At Boston, his visit was hailed as the beginning of an \"Era of Good Feelings.\" Unfortunately these \"good feelings\" did not endure, although Monroe, his popularity undiminished, followed nationalist policies.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nAcross the facade of nationalism, ugly sectional cracks appeared. A painful economic depression undoubtedly increased the dismay of the people of the Missouri Territory in 1819 when their application for admission to the Union as a slave state failed. An amended bill for gradually eliminating slavery in Missouri precipitated two years of bitter debate in Congress. The Missouri Compromise bill resolved the struggle, pairing Missouri as a slave state with Maine, a free state, and barring slavery north and west of Missouri forever.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nIn foreign affairs Monroe proclaimed the fundamental policy that bears his name, responding to the threat that the more conservative governments in Europe might try to aid Spain in winning back her former Latin American colonies. Monroe did not begin formally to recognize the young sister republics until 1822, after ascertaining that Congress would vote appropriations for diplomatic missions. He and Secretary of State John Quincy Adams wished to avoid trouble with Spain until it had ceded the Floridas, as was done in 1821.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nGreat Britain, with its powerful navy, also opposed reconquest of Latin America and suggested that the United States join in proclaiming \"hands off.\" Ex-Presidents Jefferson and Madison counseled Monroe to accept the offer, but Secretary Adams advised, \"It would be more candid ... to avow our principles explicitly to Russia and France, than to come in as a cock-boat in the wake of the British man-of-war.\"\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nMonroe accepted Adams's advice. Not only must Latin America be left alone, he warned, but also Russia must not encroach southward on the Pacific coast. \". . . the American continents,\" he stated, \"by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European Power.\" Some 20 years after Monroe died in 1831, this became known as the Monroe Doctrine.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Fifth President 1817-1825; born April 28, 1758 in Westmoreland County, Virginia; married, Elizabeth Kortright (1768-1830) February 16, 1786; children: Eliza Kortright Monroe (1786-1835), James Spence Monroe (1799-1800), Maria Hester Monroe (1803-1850); died July 4, 1831 in New York, New York; buried: Hollywood Cemetery, Richmond, Virginia.","Born in Westmoreland County, Virginia, in 1758, Monroe attended the College of William and Mary, fought with distinction in the Continental Army, and practiced law in Fredericksburg, Virginia.","As a youthful politician, he joined the anti-Federalists in the Virginia Convention which ratified the Constitution, and in 1790, an advocate of Jeffersonian policies, was elected United States Senator. As Minister to France in 1794-1796, he displayed strong sympathies for the French cause; later, with Robert R. Livingston, he helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchase. His ambition and energy, together with the backing of President Madison, made him the Republican choice for the Presidency in 1816. With little Federalist opposition, he easily won re-election in 1820. Monroe made unusually strong Cabinet choices, naming a Southerner, John C. Calhoun, as Secretary of War, and a northerner, John Quincy Adams, as Secretary of State. Only Henry Clay's refusal kept Monroe from adding an outstanding Westerner.","Early in his administration, Monroe undertook a goodwill tour. At Boston, his visit was hailed as the beginning of an \"Era of Good Feelings.\" Unfortunately these \"good feelings\" did not endure, although Monroe, his popularity undiminished, followed nationalist policies.","Across the facade of nationalism, ugly sectional cracks appeared. A painful economic depression undoubtedly increased the dismay of the people of the Missouri Territory in 1819 when their application for admission to the Union as a slave state failed. An amended bill for gradually eliminating slavery in Missouri precipitated two years of bitter debate in Congress. The Missouri Compromise bill resolved the struggle, pairing Missouri as a slave state with Maine, a free state, and barring slavery north and west of Missouri forever.","In foreign affairs Monroe proclaimed the fundamental policy that bears his name, responding to the threat that the more conservative governments in Europe might try to aid Spain in winning back her former Latin American colonies. Monroe did not begin formally to recognize the young sister republics until 1822, after ascertaining that Congress would vote appropriations for diplomatic missions. He and Secretary of State John Quincy Adams wished to avoid trouble with Spain until it had ceded the Floridas, as was done in 1821.","Great Britain, with its powerful navy, also opposed reconquest of Latin America and suggested that the United States join in proclaiming \"hands off.\" Ex-Presidents Jefferson and Madison counseled Monroe to accept the offer, but Secretary Adams advised, \"It would be more candid ... to avow our principles explicitly to Russia and France, than to come in as a cock-boat in the wake of the British man-of-war.\"","Monroe accepted Adams's advice. Not only must Latin America be left alone, he warned, but also Russia must not encroach southward on the Pacific coast. \". . . the American continents,\" he stated, \"by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European Power.\" Some 20 years after Monroe died in 1831, this became known as the Monroe Doctrine."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of James Monroe, Accession #[ ], Special\n            Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n            Charlottesville, Va.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of James Monroe, Accession #[ ], Special\n            Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n            Charlottesville, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Papers of James Monroe (ca. 209 items) consist chiefly of correspondence with friends, family members, and fellow politicians.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    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\u003cnum\u003e#2854\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#4384\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5533-a\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1231\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#309\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1532\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#4909\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#4776\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5533-c\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003eMonroe apologizes for replying so late and then says that he hopes that he will be able to provide the requested money but is not sure where he would be able to find the funds to do so.\u003c/p\u003e\n          ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1397\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#8005\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#7792\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1532\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1398\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#13915\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003eOriginal in Papers of Thomas Jefferson. \n                  \u003cnum\u003e#4776-a\u003c/num\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#38-550\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n        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","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#7678\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#8063\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5533-c\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003eThe minutes for December 1826 are titled \"Proceedings of the Board of Visitors December 1826\" and are initialed by Monroe on the front cover. \n            The minutes for July 1827 are titled \"Proceedings of the Rector and Visitors July 1827\" and are docketed by Monroe on the rear cover. Both are in the \n          hand of Nicholas P. Trist.\u003c/p\u003e\n          ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#RG-1/1/1.481\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#7289-b\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#11946\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#11945-a\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#11943-a\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#3184\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1480\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5914\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#4476\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            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","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1661\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#3351\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#6077\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5842\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#38-596\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#38-596\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#4559\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#38-596\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#7326\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#3184\u003c/num\u003e\n         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#5957","#8991","#5533","#6106","#7716-l","#38-114","#4476","#3419","#10398-a","#7262","#1661","#7224","#4501","#5718-d","#2119-a","#4909","#8707-a","#8739-a","#2196","#7289-b","#5320","#5320","#2362-d","#2119","#5533-a","#9510","#2854","#4384","#5533-a","#1231","#309","#1532","#4909","#4776","#5533-c","Monroe apologizes for replying so late and then says that he hopes that he will be able to provide the requested money but is not sure where he would be able to find the funds to do so.","#1397","#8005","#7792","#1532","#1398","#13915","Original in Papers of Thomas Jefferson. \n                  #4776-a","#38-550","#7650","#3098","#2988","#2854","#2447","#7224","#1661","#7326","#10631","#8739-a","#2529","#8739-a","#5845","#2598","#8739-a","#8739-a","#8739-a","#8739-a","#8481","#7299","#7262","#5106","#5412","#1398","#1331","#1714","#5533-n","#4559","#7929","#6691","#4619","#4476","#3339","#1232","#38-486","#6691-a","#5842","#5239","#7308","Asking for consideration as replacement for General Lyman as Consul in Great Britain","#5533-c","#5383-a","#1661","#6697","#1232","#4748","#5951","#7102","#2315","#6569","#1564","#8739-a","#3699","#8739-a","#2288","#3930","#2832-b","#5077","#6569","#3800","#6995","#4188","#9737-c","#4476","#8807-a","#2119-a","#3248","#2718","#7455","#8800","#8685","#4509","#6691-b","#7499","#3537","#7262","#2717","#2717","#2717","#8669","#3248","#2360","#10428-f","#2717","#2717","#2196","#8005","#2717","#4926","#4830","#9382","#2360","#5009","#8700","#8689","#2598-a","#2718","#2134","#4832","#3248","#3490-a","#1661","#3957","#38-304","#8557","#1921-a","#6569","#2019-a","#3643","#2718","#9119","#2718","#5476","#7530-b","#4970","#5320","#5853-b","#860","#4909","#6073","#2474","#4476","#8107","#5951","#2718","#3248","#7678","#8063","#5533-c","The minutes for December 1826 are titled \"Proceedings of the Board of Visitors December 1826\" and are initialed by Monroe on the front cover. \n            The minutes for July 1827 are titled \"Proceedings of the Rector and Visitors July 1827\" and are docketed by Monroe on the rear cover. Both are in the \n          hand of Nicholas P. 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As Minister to France in 1794-1796, he displayed strong sympathies for the French cause; later, with Robert R. Livingston, he helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchase. His ambition and energy, together with the backing of President Madison, made him the Republican choice for the Presidency in 1816. With little Federalist opposition, he easily won re-election in 1820. Monroe made unusually strong Cabinet choices, naming a Southerner, John C. Calhoun, as Secretary of War, and a northerner, John Quincy Adams, as Secretary of State. Only Henry Clay's refusal kept Monroe from adding an outstanding Westerner.","Early in his administration, Monroe undertook a goodwill tour. At Boston, his visit was hailed as the beginning of an \"Era of Good Feelings.\" Unfortunately these \"good feelings\" did not endure, although Monroe, his popularity undiminished, followed nationalist policies.","Across the facade of nationalism, ugly sectional cracks appeared. A painful economic depression undoubtedly increased the dismay of the people of the Missouri Territory in 1819 when their application for admission to the Union as a slave state failed. An amended bill for gradually eliminating slavery in Missouri precipitated two years of bitter debate in Congress. The Missouri Compromise bill resolved the struggle, pairing Missouri as a slave state with Maine, a free state, and barring slavery north and west of Missouri forever.","In foreign affairs Monroe proclaimed the fundamental policy that bears his name, responding to the threat that the more conservative governments in Europe might try to aid Spain in winning back her former Latin American colonies. Monroe did not begin formally to recognize the young sister republics until 1822, after ascertaining that Congress would vote appropriations for diplomatic missions. He and Secretary of State John Quincy Adams wished to avoid trouble with Spain until it had ceded the Floridas, as was done in 1821.","Great Britain, with its powerful navy, also opposed reconquest of Latin America and suggested that the United States join in proclaiming \"hands off.\" Ex-Presidents Jefferson and Madison counseled Monroe to accept the offer, but Secretary Adams advised, \"It would be more candid ... to avow our principles explicitly to Russia and France, than to come in as a cock-boat in the wake of the British man-of-war.\"","Monroe accepted Adams's advice. Not only must Latin America be left alone, he warned, but also Russia must not encroach southward on the Pacific coast. \". . . the American continents,\" he stated, \"by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European Power.\" Some 20 years after Monroe died in 1831, this became known as the Monroe Doctrine.","The Papers of James Monroe (ca. 209 items) consist chiefly of correspondence with friends, family members, and fellow politicians.","#7224","#38-112","Original in the Hitchcock-Coit Collection of Mills College Library.\n                  #5957","#8991","#5533","#6106","#7716-l","#38-114","#4476","#3419","#10398-a","#7262","#1661","#7224","#4501","#5718-d","#2119-a","#4909","#8707-a","#8739-a","#2196","#7289-b","#5320","#5320","#2362-d","#2119","#5533-a","#9510","#2854","#4384","#5533-a","#1231","#309","#1532","#4909","#4776","#5533-c","Monroe apologizes for replying so late and then says that he hopes that he will be able to provide the requested money but is not sure where he would be able to find the funds to do so.","#1397","#8005","#7792","#1532","#1398","#13915","Original in Papers of Thomas Jefferson. \n                  #4776-a","#38-550","#7650","#3098","#2988","#2854","#2447","#7224","#1661","#7326","#10631","#8739-a","#2529","#8739-a","#5845","#2598","#8739-a","#8739-a","#8739-a","#8739-a","#8481","#7299","#7262","#5106","#5412","#1398","#1331","#1714","#5533-n","#4559","#7929","#6691","#4619","#4476","#3339","#1232","#38-486","#6691-a","#5842","#5239","#7308","Asking for consideration as replacement for General Lyman as Consul in Great Britain","#5533-c","#5383-a","#1661","#6697","#1232","#4748","#5951","#7102","#2315","#6569","#1564","#8739-a","#3699","#8739-a","#2288","#3930","#2832-b","#5077","#6569","#3800","#6995","#4188","#9737-c","#4476","#8807-a","#2119-a","#3248","#2718","#7455","#8800","#8685","#4509","#6691-b","#7499","#3537","#7262","#2717","#2717","#2717","#8669","#3248","#2360","#10428-f","#2717","#2717","#2196","#8005","#2717","#4926","#4830","#9382","#2360","#5009","#8700","#8689","#2598-a","#2718","#2134","#4832","#3248","#3490-a","#1661","#3957","#38-304","#8557","#1921-a","#6569","#2019-a","#3643","#2718","#9119","#2718","#5476","#7530-b","#4970","#5320","#5853-b","#860","#4909","#6073","#2474","#4476","#8107","#5951","#2718","#3248","#7678","#8063","#5533-c","The minutes for December 1826 are titled \"Proceedings of the Board of Visitors December 1826\" and are initialed by Monroe on the front cover. \n            The minutes for July 1827 are titled \"Proceedings of the Rector and Visitors July 1827\" and are docketed by Monroe on the rear cover. 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As Minister to France in 1794-1796, he displayed strong sympathies for the French cause; later, with Robert R. Livingston, he helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchase. His ambition and energy, together with the backing of President Madison, made him the Republican choice for the Presidency in 1816. With little Federalist opposition, he easily won re-election in 1820. Monroe made unusually strong Cabinet choices, naming a Southerner, John C. Calhoun, as Secretary of War, and a northerner, John Quincy Adams, as Secretary of State. Only Henry Clay's refusal kept Monroe from adding an outstanding Westerner.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nEarly in his administration, Monroe undertook a goodwill tour. At Boston, his visit was hailed as the beginning of an \"Era of Good Feelings.\" Unfortunately these \"good feelings\" did not endure, although Monroe, his popularity undiminished, followed nationalist policies.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nAcross the facade of nationalism, ugly sectional cracks appeared. A painful economic depression undoubtedly increased the dismay of the people of the Missouri Territory in 1819 when their application for admission to the Union as a slave state failed. An amended bill for gradually eliminating slavery in Missouri precipitated two years of bitter debate in Congress. The Missouri Compromise bill resolved the struggle, pairing Missouri as a slave state with Maine, a free state, and barring slavery north and west of Missouri forever.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nIn foreign affairs Monroe proclaimed the fundamental policy that bears his name, responding to the threat that the more conservative governments in Europe might try to aid Spain in winning back her former Latin American colonies. Monroe did not begin formally to recognize the young sister republics until 1822, after ascertaining that Congress would vote appropriations for diplomatic missions. He and Secretary of State John Quincy Adams wished to avoid trouble with Spain until it had ceded the Floridas, as was done in 1821.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nGreat Britain, with its powerful navy, also opposed reconquest of Latin America and suggested that the United States join in proclaiming \"hands off.\" Ex-Presidents Jefferson and Madison counseled Monroe to accept the offer, but Secretary Adams advised, \"It would be more candid ... to avow our principles explicitly to Russia and France, than to come in as a cock-boat in the wake of the British man-of-war.\"\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nMonroe accepted Adams's advice. Not only must Latin America be left alone, he warned, but also Russia must not encroach southward on the Pacific coast. \". . . the American continents,\" he stated, \"by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European Power.\" Some 20 years after Monroe died in 1831, this became known as the Monroe Doctrine.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Fifth President 1817-1825; born April 28, 1758 in Westmoreland County, Virginia; married, Elizabeth Kortright (1768-1830) February 16, 1786; children: Eliza Kortright Monroe (1786-1835), James Spence Monroe (1799-1800), Maria Hester Monroe (1803-1850); died July 4, 1831 in New York, New York; buried: Hollywood Cemetery, Richmond, Virginia.","Born in Westmoreland County, Virginia, in 1758, Monroe attended the College of William and Mary, fought with distinction in the Continental Army, and practiced law in Fredericksburg, Virginia.","As a youthful politician, he joined the anti-Federalists in the Virginia Convention which ratified the Constitution, and in 1790, an advocate of Jeffersonian policies, was elected United States Senator. As Minister to France in 1794-1796, he displayed strong sympathies for the French cause; later, with Robert R. Livingston, he helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchase. His ambition and energy, together with the backing of President Madison, made him the Republican choice for the Presidency in 1816. With little Federalist opposition, he easily won re-election in 1820. Monroe made unusually strong Cabinet choices, naming a Southerner, John C. Calhoun, as Secretary of War, and a northerner, John Quincy Adams, as Secretary of State. Only Henry Clay's refusal kept Monroe from adding an outstanding Westerner.","Early in his administration, Monroe undertook a goodwill tour. At Boston, his visit was hailed as the beginning of an \"Era of Good Feelings.\" Unfortunately these \"good feelings\" did not endure, although Monroe, his popularity undiminished, followed nationalist policies.","Across the facade of nationalism, ugly sectional cracks appeared. A painful economic depression undoubtedly increased the dismay of the people of the Missouri Territory in 1819 when their application for admission to the Union as a slave state failed. An amended bill for gradually eliminating slavery in Missouri precipitated two years of bitter debate in Congress. The Missouri Compromise bill resolved the struggle, pairing Missouri as a slave state with Maine, a free state, and barring slavery north and west of Missouri forever.","In foreign affairs Monroe proclaimed the fundamental policy that bears his name, responding to the threat that the more conservative governments in Europe might try to aid Spain in winning back her former Latin American colonies. Monroe did not begin formally to recognize the young sister republics until 1822, after ascertaining that Congress would vote appropriations for diplomatic missions. He and Secretary of State John Quincy Adams wished to avoid trouble with Spain until it had ceded the Floridas, as was done in 1821.","Great Britain, with its powerful navy, also opposed reconquest of Latin America and suggested that the United States join in proclaiming \"hands off.\" Ex-Presidents Jefferson and Madison counseled Monroe to accept the offer, but Secretary Adams advised, \"It would be more candid ... to avow our principles explicitly to Russia and France, than to come in as a cock-boat in the wake of the British man-of-war.\"","Monroe accepted Adams's advice. Not only must Latin America be left alone, he warned, but also Russia must not encroach southward on the Pacific coast. \". . . the American continents,\" he stated, \"by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European Power.\" Some 20 years after Monroe died in 1831, this became known as the Monroe Doctrine."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of James Monroe, Accession #[ ], Special\n            Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n            Charlottesville, Va.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of James Monroe, Accession #[ ], Special\n            Collections, University of Virginia Library,\n            Charlottesville, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Papers of James Monroe (ca. 209 items) consist chiefly of correspondence with friends, family members, and fellow politicians.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    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\u003cnum\u003e#2854\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#4384\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5533-a\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1231\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#309\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1532\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#4909\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#4776\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5533-c\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003eMonroe apologizes for replying so late and then says that he hopes that he will be able to provide the requested money but is not sure where he would be able to find the funds to do so.\u003c/p\u003e\n          ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1397\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#8005\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#7792\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1532\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1398\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#13915\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003eOriginal in Papers of Thomas Jefferson. \n                  \u003cnum\u003e#4776-a\u003c/num\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#38-550\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n        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","\u003cp\u003eAsking for consideration as replacement for General Lyman as Consul in Great Britain\u003c/p\u003e\n          ","\u003cp\u003e\u003cnum\u003e#5533-c\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5383-a\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1661\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#6697\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1232\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#4748\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5951\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#7102\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#2315\u003c/num\u003e\n 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","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#7678\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#8063\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5533-c\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003eThe minutes for December 1826 are titled \"Proceedings of the Board of Visitors December 1826\" and are initialed by Monroe on the front cover. \n            The minutes for July 1827 are titled \"Proceedings of the Rector and Visitors July 1827\" and are docketed by Monroe on the rear cover. Both are in the \n          hand of Nicholas P. Trist.\u003c/p\u003e\n          ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#RG-1/1/1.481\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#7289-b\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#11946\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#11945-a\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#11943-a\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#3184\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#1480\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#5914\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            \u003cnum\u003e#4476\u003c/num\u003e\n          \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003e\n            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