{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Mary+Lavigne+programs+collection\u0026page=5\u0026view=compact","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Mary+Lavigne+programs+collection\u0026page=4\u0026view=compact","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Mary+Lavigne+programs+collection\u0026page=6\u0026view=compact","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Mary+Lavigne+programs+collection\u0026page=14\u0026view=compact"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":5,"next_page":6,"prev_page":4,"total_pages":14,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":40,"total_count":132,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c61","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"\"Marcel Marceau and his Partner Pierre Verry, \" Kennedy Center souvenir program, 1975","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c61#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eInscription inside front cover\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c61#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c61","ref_ssm":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c61"],"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c61","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","parent_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","parent_ssim":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691"],"title_filing_ssi":"\"Marcel Marceau and his Partner Pierre Verry,\" Kennedy Center souvenir program","title_ssm":["\"Marcel Marceau and his Partner Pierre Verry, \" Kennedy Center souvenir program"],"title_tesim":["\"Marcel Marceau and his Partner Pierre Verry, \" Kennedy Center souvenir program"],"normalized_title_ssm":["\"Marcel Marceau and his Partner Pierre Verry, \" Kennedy Center souvenir program, 1975"],"text":["\"Marcel Marceau and his Partner Pierre Verry, \" Kennedy Center souvenir program, 1975","Mary Lavigne programs collection","box 2","folder 10","Inscription inside front cover"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1975"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["April 19, 1975"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":61,"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"collection_ssim":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"containers_ssim":["box 2","folder 10"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no access restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"date_range_isim":[1975],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eInscription inside front cover\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Inscription inside front cover"],"_nest_path_":"/components#60","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:13.746Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_691.xml","title_ssm":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"title_tesim":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1950s-1980s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1950s-1980s"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"text":["Mary Lavigne programs collection","C0417","/repositories/2/resources/691","Broadway (New York, N.Y.)","Richmond (Va.)","Berlin (Germany)","London (England)","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Musical Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater","Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater programs","Theater -- Washington (D.C.)","Ballet","Dance","Opera","Art","Art -- Exhibitions","There are no access restrictions.","This collection is arranged alphabetically by show title and then chronologically.","\"Fascinating History of Theater Programs.\" 2020. 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Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated in 2019 by Mary Lavigne."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Performing arts","Musical Theater","Musical Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater","Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater programs","Theater -- Washington (D.C.)","Ballet","Dance","Opera","Art","Art -- Exhibitions"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Performing arts","Musical Theater","Musical Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater","Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater programs","Theater -- Washington (D.C.)","Ballet","Dance","Opera","Art","Art -- Exhibitions"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2 Linear Feet 4 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2 Linear Feet 4 boxes"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged alphabetically by show title and then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged alphabetically by show title and then chronologically."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Fascinating History of Theater Programs.\" 2020. 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July 13, 2020. https://thesmithcenter.com/explore/smith-center-blog/the-fascinating-history-of-theater-programs/.","Higgins, Sydney. 2009. \"A History of Playbills and Theatre Programs.\" 2009. http://www.ikjordan.plus.com/Players/Playbills/index.html."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDating back to at least the 18th century, the term \"bill\" has been used to refer to printed advertisements for a theatrical event, starting first with small printed sheets delivered by hand and known as \"handbills.\" By the middle of the 19th century, the word \"bill\" was used to refer to large printed papers that were posted in public places and provided information about a theatrical production. The word \"programme\" or \"program\" came into use in the mid-19th century to refer to short printed pamphlets, containing a cast list, that was handed to audience members attending a theatrical performance. 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Programs include a mix of types including colorful souvenir booklets and Broadway \u003ctitle\u003ePlaybill\u003c/title\u003e editions. Most programs include various inserts, including cast change notices and newspaper clippings, which have been removed and placed in the folder with the program. A number of the programs were also originally grouped into two small binders. All of these specifics have been noted at the folder level where applicable.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne. Programs include a mix of types including colorful souvenir booklets and Broadway Playbill editions. Most programs include various inserts, including cast change notices and newspaper clippings, which have been removed and placed in the folder with the program. A number of the programs were also originally grouped into two small binders. All of these specifics have been noted at the folder level where applicable."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a8c54c9980d86e35454eaa6e8fcb0ba6\"\u003eA collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_d4e66d1c2241266f9e38d78e5e3d12eb\"\u003eR 71, C 1, S 7\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 71, C 1, S 7"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet"],"names_coll_ssim":["Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"persname_ssim":["Lavigne, Mary","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet","Lavigne, Mary","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"language_ssim":["English\n,       German\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":131,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:13.746Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c61"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c59","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"\"Marcel Marceau and his partners Gilles Segal and Pierre Verry, \" New York City Center, 1958","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c59#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003ePlaybill\u003c/span\u003e, Vol. 2, No. 4\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c59#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c59","ref_ssm":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c59"],"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c59","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","parent_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","parent_ssim":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691"],"title_filing_ssi":"\"Marcel Marceau and his partners Gilles Segal and Pierre Verry,\" New York City Center","title_ssm":["\"Marcel Marceau and his partners Gilles Segal and Pierre Verry, \" New York City Center"],"title_tesim":["\"Marcel Marceau and his partners Gilles Segal and Pierre Verry, \" New York City Center"],"normalized_title_ssm":["\"Marcel Marceau and his partners Gilles Segal and Pierre Verry, \" New York City Center, 1958"],"text":["\"Marcel Marceau and his partners Gilles Segal and Pierre Verry, \" New York City Center, 1958","Mary Lavigne programs collection","box 2","folder 8","Playbill, Vol. 2, No. 4"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1958"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["January 30, 1958"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":59,"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"collection_ssim":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"containers_ssim":["box 2","folder 8"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no access restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"date_range_isim":[1958],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003ePlaybill\u003c/title\u003e, Vol. 2, No. 4\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Playbill, Vol. 2, No. 4"],"_nest_path_":"/components#58","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:13.746Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_691.xml","title_ssm":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"title_tesim":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1950s-1980s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1950s-1980s"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"text":["Mary Lavigne programs collection","C0417","/repositories/2/resources/691","Broadway (New York, N.Y.)","Richmond (Va.)","Berlin (Germany)","London (England)","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Musical Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater","Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater programs","Theater -- Washington (D.C.)","Ballet","Dance","Opera","Art","Art -- Exhibitions","There are no access restrictions.","This collection is arranged alphabetically by show title and then chronologically.","\"Fascinating History of Theater Programs.\" 2020. 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Programs include a mix of types including colorful souvenir booklets and Broadway \u003ctitle\u003ePlaybill\u003c/title\u003e editions. Most programs include various inserts, including cast change notices and newspaper clippings, which have been removed and placed in the folder with the program. A number of the programs were also originally grouped into two small binders. All of these specifics have been noted at the folder level where applicable.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne. Programs include a mix of types including colorful souvenir booklets and Broadway Playbill editions. Most programs include various inserts, including cast change notices and newspaper clippings, which have been removed and placed in the folder with the program. A number of the programs were also originally grouped into two small binders. All of these specifics have been noted at the folder level where applicable."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a8c54c9980d86e35454eaa6e8fcb0ba6\"\u003eA collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_d4e66d1c2241266f9e38d78e5e3d12eb\"\u003eR 71, C 1, S 7\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 71, C 1, S 7"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. 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Programs include a mix of types including colorful souvenir booklets and Broadway \u003ctitle\u003ePlaybill\u003c/title\u003e editions. Most programs include various inserts, including cast change notices and newspaper clippings, which have been removed and placed in the folder with the program. A number of the programs were also originally grouped into two small binders. All of these specifics have been noted at the folder level where applicable.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne. Programs include a mix of types including colorful souvenir booklets and Broadway Playbill editions. Most programs include various inserts, including cast change notices and newspaper clippings, which have been removed and placed in the folder with the program. A number of the programs were also originally grouped into two small binders. All of these specifics have been noted at the folder level where applicable."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a8c54c9980d86e35454eaa6e8fcb0ba6\"\u003eA collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_d4e66d1c2241266f9e38d78e5e3d12eb\"\u003eR 71, C 1, S 7\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 71, C 1, S 7"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet"],"names_coll_ssim":["Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"persname_ssim":["Lavigne, Mary","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet","Lavigne, Mary","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"language_ssim":["English\n,       German\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":131,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:13.746Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c58"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c60","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Marcel Marceau, Theater des Westens souvenir program, 1971","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c60#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eInscription on last page\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c60#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c60","ref_ssm":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c60"],"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c60","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","parent_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","parent_ssim":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691"],"title_filing_ssi":"Marcel Marceau, Theater des Westens souvenir program","title_ssm":["Marcel Marceau, Theater des Westens souvenir program"],"title_tesim":["Marcel Marceau, Theater des Westens souvenir program"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Marcel Marceau, Theater des Westens souvenir program, 1971"],"text":["Marcel Marceau, Theater des Westens souvenir program, 1971","Mary Lavigne programs collection","box 2","folder 9","Inscription on last page"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1971"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["September 17, 1971"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":60,"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"collection_ssim":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"containers_ssim":["box 2","folder 9"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no access restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"date_range_isim":[1971],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eInscription on last page\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Inscription on last page"],"_nest_path_":"/components#59","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:13.746Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_691.xml","title_ssm":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"title_tesim":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1950s-1980s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1950s-1980s"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"text":["Mary Lavigne programs collection","C0417","/repositories/2/resources/691","Broadway (New York, N.Y.)","Richmond (Va.)","Berlin (Germany)","London (England)","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Musical Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater","Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater programs","Theater -- Washington (D.C.)","Ballet","Dance","Opera","Art","Art -- Exhibitions","There are no access restrictions.","This collection is arranged alphabetically by show title and then chronologically.","\"Fascinating History of Theater Programs.\" 2020. The Smith Center. July 13, 2020. https://thesmithcenter.com/explore/smith-center-blog/the-fascinating-history-of-theater-programs/.","Higgins, Sydney. 2009. \"A History of Playbills and Theatre Programs.\" 2009. http://www.ikjordan.plus.com/Players/Playbills/index.html.","Dating back to at least the 18th century, the term \"bill\" has been used to refer to printed advertisements for a theatrical event, starting first with small printed sheets delivered by hand and known as \"handbills.\" By the middle of the 19th century, the word \"bill\" was used to refer to large printed papers that were posted in public places and provided information about a theatrical production. The word \"programme\" or \"program\" came into use in the mid-19th century to refer to short printed pamphlets, containing a cast list, that was handed to audience members attending a theatrical performance. 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Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet"],"creators_ssim":["Lavigne, Mary","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated in 2019 by Mary Lavigne."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Performing arts","Musical Theater","Musical Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater","Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater programs","Theater -- Washington (D.C.)","Ballet","Dance","Opera","Art","Art -- Exhibitions"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Performing arts","Musical Theater","Musical Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater","Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater programs","Theater -- Washington (D.C.)","Ballet","Dance","Opera","Art","Art -- Exhibitions"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2 Linear Feet 4 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2 Linear Feet 4 boxes"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged alphabetically by show title and then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged alphabetically by show title and then chronologically."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Fascinating History of Theater Programs.\" 2020. The Smith Center. July 13, 2020. https://thesmithcenter.com/explore/smith-center-blog/the-fascinating-history-of-theater-programs/.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHiggins, Sydney. 2009. \"A History of Playbills and Theatre Programs.\" 2009. http://www.ikjordan.plus.com/Players/Playbills/index.html.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"Fascinating History of Theater Programs.\" 2020. The Smith Center. July 13, 2020. https://thesmithcenter.com/explore/smith-center-blog/the-fascinating-history-of-theater-programs/.","Higgins, Sydney. 2009. \"A History of Playbills and Theatre Programs.\" 2009. http://www.ikjordan.plus.com/Players/Playbills/index.html."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDating back to at least the 18th century, the term \"bill\" has been used to refer to printed advertisements for a theatrical event, starting first with small printed sheets delivered by hand and known as \"handbills.\" By the middle of the 19th century, the word \"bill\" was used to refer to large printed papers that were posted in public places and provided information about a theatrical production. The word \"programme\" or \"program\" came into use in the mid-19th century to refer to short printed pamphlets, containing a cast list, that was handed to audience members attending a theatrical performance. However, by the 1870s, the status of these as one of the only printed papers that were free and widely distributed led to the introduction of advertising into these play \"bills\" or \"programs.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeeing an opportunity, in 1884 New York businessman Frank Vance Strauss created the first company to specialize in printing theatrical programs that would be provided free of charge to New York City's larger playhouses. Introducing the standard format for theatrical programs still in use today, Strauss' company expanded the short printed pamphlets into magazine-style multi-page programs containing short articles, advertisements, and information about the individual productions that changed weekly. Known in 1911 as the \"Strauss Magazine Theatre Program\", the publication would formally adopt the name \"The Playbill\" in 1934. 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Programs include a mix of types including colorful souvenir booklets and Broadway \u003ctitle\u003ePlaybill\u003c/title\u003e editions. Most programs include various inserts, including cast change notices and newspaper clippings, which have been removed and placed in the folder with the program. A number of the programs were also originally grouped into two small binders. All of these specifics have been noted at the folder level where applicable.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne. Programs include a mix of types including colorful souvenir booklets and Broadway Playbill editions. Most programs include various inserts, including cast change notices and newspaper clippings, which have been removed and placed in the folder with the program. A number of the programs were also originally grouped into two small binders. All of these specifics have been noted at the folder level where applicable."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a8c54c9980d86e35454eaa6e8fcb0ba6\"\u003eA collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_d4e66d1c2241266f9e38d78e5e3d12eb\"\u003eR 71, C 1, S 7\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 71, C 1, S 7"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet"],"names_coll_ssim":["Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. 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Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet","Lavigne, Mary","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"language_ssim":["English\n,       German\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":131,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:13.746Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c60"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c62","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Marlene Dietrich accompanied by Burt Bacharach, tour souvenir program, 1960","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c62#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c62","ref_ssm":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c62"],"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c62","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","parent_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","parent_ssim":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691"],"title_filing_ssi":"Marlene Dietrich accompanied by Burt Bacharach, tour souvenir program","title_ssm":["Marlene Dietrich accompanied by Burt Bacharach, tour souvenir program"],"title_tesim":["Marlene Dietrich accompanied by Burt Bacharach, tour souvenir program"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Marlene Dietrich accompanied by Burt Bacharach, tour souvenir program, 1960"],"text":["Marlene Dietrich accompanied by Burt Bacharach, tour souvenir program, 1960","Mary Lavigne programs collection","box 2","folder 11"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1960"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["circa 1960"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":62,"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"collection_ssim":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"containers_ssim":["box 2","folder 11"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no access restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"date_range_isim":[1960],"_nest_path_":"/components#61","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:13.746Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_691.xml","title_ssm":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"title_tesim":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1950s-1980s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1950s-1980s"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"text":["Mary Lavigne programs collection","C0417","/repositories/2/resources/691","Broadway (New York, N.Y.)","Richmond (Va.)","Berlin (Germany)","London (England)","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Musical Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater","Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater programs","Theater -- Washington (D.C.)","Ballet","Dance","Opera","Art","Art -- Exhibitions","There are no access restrictions.","This collection is arranged alphabetically by show title and then chronologically.","\"Fascinating History of Theater Programs.\" 2020. The Smith Center. July 13, 2020. https://thesmithcenter.com/explore/smith-center-blog/the-fascinating-history-of-theater-programs/.","Higgins, Sydney. 2009. \"A History of Playbills and Theatre Programs.\" 2009. http://www.ikjordan.plus.com/Players/Playbills/index.html.","Dating back to at least the 18th century, the term \"bill\" has been used to refer to printed advertisements for a theatrical event, starting first with small printed sheets delivered by hand and known as \"handbills.\" By the middle of the 19th century, the word \"bill\" was used to refer to large printed papers that were posted in public places and provided information about a theatrical production. The word \"programme\" or \"program\" came into use in the mid-19th century to refer to short printed pamphlets, containing a cast list, that was handed to audience members attending a theatrical performance. 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Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated in 2019 by Mary Lavigne."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Performing arts","Musical Theater","Musical Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater","Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater programs","Theater -- Washington (D.C.)","Ballet","Dance","Opera","Art","Art -- Exhibitions"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Performing arts","Musical Theater","Musical Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater","Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater programs","Theater -- Washington (D.C.)","Ballet","Dance","Opera","Art","Art -- Exhibitions"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2 Linear Feet 4 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2 Linear Feet 4 boxes"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged alphabetically by show title and then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged alphabetically by show title and then chronologically."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Fascinating History of Theater Programs.\" 2020. 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July 13, 2020. https://thesmithcenter.com/explore/smith-center-blog/the-fascinating-history-of-theater-programs/.","Higgins, Sydney. 2009. \"A History of Playbills and Theatre Programs.\" 2009. http://www.ikjordan.plus.com/Players/Playbills/index.html."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDating back to at least the 18th century, the term \"bill\" has been used to refer to printed advertisements for a theatrical event, starting first with small printed sheets delivered by hand and known as \"handbills.\" By the middle of the 19th century, the word \"bill\" was used to refer to large printed papers that were posted in public places and provided information about a theatrical production. The word \"programme\" or \"program\" came into use in the mid-19th century to refer to short printed pamphlets, containing a cast list, that was handed to audience members attending a theatrical performance. 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These higher quality programs led to a new practice of keeping and collecting programs as souvenirs, leading to the creation of specially produced \"Souvenir Programs\" that were filled with full-color illustrations, photographs, and more detailed information on the productions and performers."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMary Lavigne programs collection, C0417, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Mary Lavigne programs collection, C0417, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from November 2023 - January 2024.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from November 2023 - January 2024."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other performing arts collections, including other collections of theatrical programs such as the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0184\"\u003eCharles Rodrigues playbill collection\u003c/a\u003e, and the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0015\"\u003eVirginia Nelson playbills collection\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other performing arts collections, including other collections of theatrical programs such as the Charles Rodrigues playbill collection, and the Virginia Nelson playbills collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne. Programs include a mix of types including colorful souvenir booklets and Broadway \u003ctitle\u003ePlaybill\u003c/title\u003e editions. Most programs include various inserts, including cast change notices and newspaper clippings, which have been removed and placed in the folder with the program. A number of the programs were also originally grouped into two small binders. All of these specifics have been noted at the folder level where applicable.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne. Programs include a mix of types including colorful souvenir booklets and Broadway Playbill editions. Most programs include various inserts, including cast change notices and newspaper clippings, which have been removed and placed in the folder with the program. A number of the programs were also originally grouped into two small binders. All of these specifics have been noted at the folder level where applicable."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a8c54c9980d86e35454eaa6e8fcb0ba6\"\u003eA collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_d4e66d1c2241266f9e38d78e5e3d12eb\"\u003eR 71, C 1, S 7\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 71, C 1, S 7"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet"],"names_coll_ssim":["Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"persname_ssim":["Lavigne, Mary","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet","Lavigne, Mary","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"language_ssim":["English\n,       German\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":131,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:13.746Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c62"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c66","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Martha Graham and Dance Company, Lisner Auditorium of George Washington University, 1966","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c66#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eInstitute of Contemporary Arts, Twentieth Anniversary Year. 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The Smith Center. July 13, 2020. https://thesmithcenter.com/explore/smith-center-blog/the-fascinating-history-of-theater-programs/.","Higgins, Sydney. 2009. \"A History of Playbills and Theatre Programs.\" 2009. http://www.ikjordan.plus.com/Players/Playbills/index.html.","Dating back to at least the 18th century, the term \"bill\" has been used to refer to printed advertisements for a theatrical event, starting first with small printed sheets delivered by hand and known as \"handbills.\" By the middle of the 19th century, the word \"bill\" was used to refer to large printed papers that were posted in public places and provided information about a theatrical production. The word \"programme\" or \"program\" came into use in the mid-19th century to refer to short printed pamphlets, containing a cast list, that was handed to audience members attending a theatrical performance. However, by the 1870s, the status of these as one of the only printed papers that were free and widely distributed led to the introduction of advertising into these play \"bills\" or \"programs.\"","Seeing an opportunity, in 1884 New York businessman Frank Vance Strauss created the first company to specialize in printing theatrical programs that would be provided free of charge to New York City's larger playhouses. Introducing the standard format for theatrical programs still in use today, Strauss' company expanded the short printed pamphlets into magazine-style multi-page programs containing short articles, advertisements, and information about the individual productions that changed weekly. Known in 1911 as the \"Strauss Magazine Theatre Program\", the publication would formally adopt the name \"The Playbill\" in 1934. These higher quality programs led to a new practice of keeping and collecting programs as souvenirs, leading to the creation of specially produced \"Souvenir Programs\" that were filled with full-color illustrations, photographs, and more detailed information on the productions and performers.","Processing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from November 2023 - January 2024.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other performing arts collections, including other collections of theatrical programs such as the Charles Rodrigues playbill collection, and the Virginia Nelson playbills collection.","A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne. Programs include a mix of types including colorful souvenir booklets and Broadway Playbill editions. Most programs include various inserts, including cast change notices and newspaper clippings, which have been removed and placed in the folder with the program. A number of the programs were also originally grouped into two small binders. All of these specifics have been noted at the folder level where applicable.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne.","R 71, C 1, S 7","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. 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However, by the 1870s, the status of these as one of the only printed papers that were free and widely distributed led to the introduction of advertising into these play \"bills\" or \"programs.\"","Seeing an opportunity, in 1884 New York businessman Frank Vance Strauss created the first company to specialize in printing theatrical programs that would be provided free of charge to New York City's larger playhouses. Introducing the standard format for theatrical programs still in use today, Strauss' company expanded the short printed pamphlets into magazine-style multi-page programs containing short articles, advertisements, and information about the individual productions that changed weekly. Known in 1911 as the \"Strauss Magazine Theatre Program\", the publication would formally adopt the name \"The Playbill\" in 1934. These higher quality programs led to a new practice of keeping and collecting programs as souvenirs, leading to the creation of specially produced \"Souvenir Programs\" that were filled with full-color illustrations, photographs, and more detailed information on the productions and performers."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMary Lavigne programs collection, C0417, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Mary Lavigne programs collection, C0417, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from November 2023 - January 2024.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from November 2023 - January 2024."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other performing arts collections, including other collections of theatrical programs such as the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0184\"\u003eCharles Rodrigues playbill collection\u003c/a\u003e, and the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0015\"\u003eVirginia Nelson playbills collection\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other performing arts collections, including other collections of theatrical programs such as the Charles Rodrigues playbill collection, and the Virginia Nelson playbills collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne. Programs include a mix of types including colorful souvenir booklets and Broadway \u003ctitle\u003ePlaybill\u003c/title\u003e editions. Most programs include various inserts, including cast change notices and newspaper clippings, which have been removed and placed in the folder with the program. A number of the programs were also originally grouped into two small binders. All of these specifics have been noted at the folder level where applicable.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne. Programs include a mix of types including colorful souvenir booklets and Broadway Playbill editions. Most programs include various inserts, including cast change notices and newspaper clippings, which have been removed and placed in the folder with the program. A number of the programs were also originally grouped into two small binders. All of these specifics have been noted at the folder level where applicable."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a8c54c9980d86e35454eaa6e8fcb0ba6\"\u003eA collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_d4e66d1c2241266f9e38d78e5e3d12eb\"\u003eR 71, C 1, S 7\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 71, C 1, S 7"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet"],"names_coll_ssim":["Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"persname_ssim":["Lavigne, Mary","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. 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The Smith Center. July 13, 2020. https://thesmithcenter.com/explore/smith-center-blog/the-fascinating-history-of-theater-programs/.","Higgins, Sydney. 2009. \"A History of Playbills and Theatre Programs.\" 2009. http://www.ikjordan.plus.com/Players/Playbills/index.html.","Dating back to at least the 18th century, the term \"bill\" has been used to refer to printed advertisements for a theatrical event, starting first with small printed sheets delivered by hand and known as \"handbills.\" By the middle of the 19th century, the word \"bill\" was used to refer to large printed papers that were posted in public places and provided information about a theatrical production. The word \"programme\" or \"program\" came into use in the mid-19th century to refer to short printed pamphlets, containing a cast list, that was handed to audience members attending a theatrical performance. 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The Smith Center. July 13, 2020. https://thesmithcenter.com/explore/smith-center-blog/the-fascinating-history-of-theater-programs/.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHiggins, Sydney. 2009. \"A History of Playbills and Theatre Programs.\" 2009. http://www.ikjordan.plus.com/Players/Playbills/index.html.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"Fascinating History of Theater Programs.\" 2020. The Smith Center. 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Programs include a mix of types including colorful souvenir booklets and Broadway \u003ctitle\u003ePlaybill\u003c/title\u003e editions. Most programs include various inserts, including cast change notices and newspaper clippings, which have been removed and placed in the folder with the program. A number of the programs were also originally grouped into two small binders. All of these specifics have been noted at the folder level where applicable.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne. Programs include a mix of types including colorful souvenir booklets and Broadway Playbill editions. Most programs include various inserts, including cast change notices and newspaper clippings, which have been removed and placed in the folder with the program. A number of the programs were also originally grouped into two small binders. All of these specifics have been noted at the folder level where applicable."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a8c54c9980d86e35454eaa6e8fcb0ba6\"\u003eA collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_d4e66d1c2241266f9e38d78e5e3d12eb\"\u003eR 71, C 1, S 7\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 71, C 1, S 7"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet"],"names_coll_ssim":["Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"persname_ssim":["Lavigne, Mary","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet","Lavigne, Mary","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"language_ssim":["English\n,       German\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":131,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:13.746Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691_c64"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Mary Lavigne programs collection","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Lavigne, Mary","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_691.xml","title_ssm":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"title_tesim":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1950s-1980s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1950s-1980s"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"text":["Mary Lavigne programs collection","C0417","/repositories/2/resources/691","Broadway (New York, N.Y.)","Richmond (Va.)","Berlin (Germany)","London (England)","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Musical Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater","Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater programs","Theater -- Washington (D.C.)","Ballet","Dance","Opera","Art","Art -- Exhibitions","There are no access restrictions.","This collection is arranged alphabetically by show title and then chronologically.","\"Fascinating History of Theater Programs.\" 2020. The Smith Center. July 13, 2020. https://thesmithcenter.com/explore/smith-center-blog/the-fascinating-history-of-theater-programs/.","Higgins, Sydney. 2009. \"A History of Playbills and Theatre Programs.\" 2009. http://www.ikjordan.plus.com/Players/Playbills/index.html.","Dating back to at least the 18th century, the term \"bill\" has been used to refer to printed advertisements for a theatrical event, starting first with small printed sheets delivered by hand and known as \"handbills.\" By the middle of the 19th century, the word \"bill\" was used to refer to large printed papers that were posted in public places and provided information about a theatrical production. The word \"programme\" or \"program\" came into use in the mid-19th century to refer to short printed pamphlets, containing a cast list, that was handed to audience members attending a theatrical performance. 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These higher quality programs led to a new practice of keeping and collecting programs as souvenirs, leading to the creation of specially produced \"Souvenir Programs\" that were filled with full-color illustrations, photographs, and more detailed information on the productions and performers.","Processing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from November 2023 - January 2024.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other performing arts collections, including other collections of theatrical programs such as the Charles Rodrigues playbill collection, and the Virginia Nelson playbills collection.","A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne. Programs include a mix of types including colorful souvenir booklets and Broadway Playbill editions. 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Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated in 2019 by Mary Lavigne."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Performing arts","Musical Theater","Musical Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater","Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater programs","Theater -- Washington (D.C.)","Ballet","Dance","Opera","Art","Art -- Exhibitions"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Performing arts","Musical Theater","Musical Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater","Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater programs","Theater -- Washington (D.C.)","Ballet","Dance","Opera","Art","Art -- Exhibitions"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2 Linear Feet 4 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2 Linear Feet 4 boxes"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged alphabetically by show title and then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged alphabetically by show title and then chronologically."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Fascinating History of Theater Programs.\" 2020. The Smith Center. July 13, 2020. https://thesmithcenter.com/explore/smith-center-blog/the-fascinating-history-of-theater-programs/.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHiggins, Sydney. 2009. \"A History of Playbills and Theatre Programs.\" 2009. http://www.ikjordan.plus.com/Players/Playbills/index.html.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"Fascinating History of Theater Programs.\" 2020. The Smith Center. July 13, 2020. https://thesmithcenter.com/explore/smith-center-blog/the-fascinating-history-of-theater-programs/.","Higgins, Sydney. 2009. \"A History of Playbills and Theatre Programs.\" 2009. http://www.ikjordan.plus.com/Players/Playbills/index.html."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDating back to at least the 18th century, the term \"bill\" has been used to refer to printed advertisements for a theatrical event, starting first with small printed sheets delivered by hand and known as \"handbills.\" By the middle of the 19th century, the word \"bill\" was used to refer to large printed papers that were posted in public places and provided information about a theatrical production. The word \"programme\" or \"program\" came into use in the mid-19th century to refer to short printed pamphlets, containing a cast list, that was handed to audience members attending a theatrical performance. However, by the 1870s, the status of these as one of the only printed papers that were free and widely distributed led to the introduction of advertising into these play \"bills\" or \"programs.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeeing an opportunity, in 1884 New York businessman Frank Vance Strauss created the first company to specialize in printing theatrical programs that would be provided free of charge to New York City's larger playhouses. Introducing the standard format for theatrical programs still in use today, Strauss' company expanded the short printed pamphlets into magazine-style multi-page programs containing short articles, advertisements, and information about the individual productions that changed weekly. Known in 1911 as the \"Strauss Magazine Theatre Program\", the publication would formally adopt the name \"The Playbill\" in 1934. 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Programs include a mix of types including colorful souvenir booklets and Broadway \u003ctitle\u003ePlaybill\u003c/title\u003e editions. Most programs include various inserts, including cast change notices and newspaper clippings, which have been removed and placed in the folder with the program. A number of the programs were also originally grouped into two small binders. All of these specifics have been noted at the folder level where applicable.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne. Programs include a mix of types including colorful souvenir booklets and Broadway Playbill editions. Most programs include various inserts, including cast change notices and newspaper clippings, which have been removed and placed in the folder with the program. A number of the programs were also originally grouped into two small binders. All of these specifics have been noted at the folder level where applicable."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a8c54c9980d86e35454eaa6e8fcb0ba6\"\u003eA collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["A collection of opera, ballet, concert, art exhibition, and theatrical programs for performances and events in New York City, Richmond, Virginia, Washington, D.C., and various international locations attended by Mary Lavigne."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_d4e66d1c2241266f9e38d78e5e3d12eb\"\u003eR 71, C 1, S 7\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 71, C 1, S 7"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet"],"names_coll_ssim":["Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"persname_ssim":["Lavigne, Mary","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Carnegie Hall (New York, N.Y.)","City Center of Music and Drama (New York, N. Y.)","John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet","Lavigne, Mary","Graham, Martha","Marceau, Marcel"],"language_ssim":["English\n,       German\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":131,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:13.746Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_691","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_691.xml","title_ssm":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"title_tesim":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1950s-1980s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1950s-1980s"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Mary Lavigne programs collection"],"text":["Mary Lavigne programs collection","C0417","/repositories/2/resources/691","Broadway (New York, N.Y.)","Richmond (Va.)","Berlin (Germany)","London (England)","Performing arts","Musical Theater","Musical Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater","Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater programs","Theater -- Washington (D.C.)","Ballet","Dance","Opera","Art","Art -- Exhibitions","There are no access restrictions.","This collection is arranged alphabetically by show title and then chronologically.","\"Fascinating History of Theater Programs.\" 2020. The Smith Center. July 13, 2020. https://thesmithcenter.com/explore/smith-center-blog/the-fascinating-history-of-theater-programs/.","Higgins, Sydney. 2009. \"A History of Playbills and Theatre Programs.\" 2009. http://www.ikjordan.plus.com/Players/Playbills/index.html.","Dating back to at least the 18th century, the term \"bill\" has been used to refer to printed advertisements for a theatrical event, starting first with small printed sheets delivered by hand and known as \"handbills.\" By the middle of the 19th century, the word \"bill\" was used to refer to large printed papers that were posted in public places and provided information about a theatrical production. The word \"programme\" or \"program\" came into use in the mid-19th century to refer to short printed pamphlets, containing a cast list, that was handed to audience members attending a theatrical performance. 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Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (U.S.)","Kongelige Danske ballet","London Festival Ballet","Metropolitan Opera (New York, N.Y.)","National Gallery of Art (U.S.)","New York City Ballet","New York City Center","New York Philharmonic","Randolph-Macon Woman's College","Royal Ballet","Sadler's Wells Ballet"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated in 2019 by Mary Lavigne."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Performing arts","Musical Theater","Musical Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater","Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater programs","Theater -- Washington (D.C.)","Ballet","Dance","Opera","Art","Art -- Exhibitions"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Performing arts","Musical Theater","Musical Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater","Theater -- New York (State) -- New York","Theater programs","Theater -- Washington (D.C.)","Ballet","Dance","Opera","Art","Art -- Exhibitions"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2 Linear Feet 4 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2 Linear Feet 4 boxes"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged alphabetically by show title and then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged alphabetically by show title and then chronologically."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Fascinating History of Theater Programs.\" 2020. The Smith Center. July 13, 2020. https://thesmithcenter.com/explore/smith-center-blog/the-fascinating-history-of-theater-programs/.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHiggins, Sydney. 2009. \"A History of Playbills and Theatre Programs.\" 2009. http://www.ikjordan.plus.com/Players/Playbills/index.html.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"Fascinating History of Theater Programs.\" 2020. The Smith Center. July 13, 2020. https://thesmithcenter.com/explore/smith-center-blog/the-fascinating-history-of-theater-programs/.","Higgins, Sydney. 2009. \"A History of Playbills and Theatre Programs.\" 2009. http://www.ikjordan.plus.com/Players/Playbills/index.html."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDating back to at least the 18th century, the term \"bill\" has been used to refer to printed advertisements for a theatrical event, starting first with small printed sheets delivered by hand and known as \"handbills.\" By the middle of the 19th century, the word \"bill\" was used to refer to large printed papers that were posted in public places and provided information about a theatrical production. The word \"programme\" or \"program\" came into use in the mid-19th century to refer to short printed pamphlets, containing a cast list, that was handed to audience members attending a theatrical performance. However, by the 1870s, the status of these as one of the only printed papers that were free and widely distributed led to the introduction of advertising into these play \"bills\" or \"programs.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeeing an opportunity, in 1884 New York businessman Frank Vance Strauss created the first company to specialize in printing theatrical programs that would be provided free of charge to New York City's larger playhouses. Introducing the standard format for theatrical programs still in use today, Strauss' company expanded the short printed pamphlets into magazine-style multi-page programs containing short articles, advertisements, and information about the individual productions that changed weekly. Known in 1911 as the \"Strauss Magazine Theatre Program\", the publication would formally adopt the name \"The Playbill\" in 1934. 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Most programs include various inserts, including cast change notices and newspaper clippings, which have been removed and placed in the folder with the program. A number of the programs were also originally grouped into two small binders. 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