{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Japanese+invasion+of+Manchuria+photograph+collection\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1923\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Japanese+invasion+of+Manchuria+photograph+collection\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1923\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026page=1"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":3,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"vifgm_vifgm00072_c03_c34","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Japanese or Chinese Soldiers, 1923","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_vifgm00072_c03_c34#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eJapanese or Chinese cavalry marching in winter. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_vifgm00072_c03_c34#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifgm_vifgm00072_c03_c34","ref_ssm":["vifgm_vifgm00072_c03_c34"],"id":"vifgm_vifgm00072_c03_c34","ead_ssi":"vifgm_vifgm00072","_root_":"vifgm_vifgm00072","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_vifgm00072_c03","parent_ssi":"vifgm_vifgm00072_c03","parent_ssim":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection","Series 3: War Photographs"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifgm_vifgm00072","vifgm_vifgm00072_c03"],"title_filing_ssi":"Japanese or Chinese Soldiers,","title_ssm":["Japanese or Chinese Soldiers"],"title_tesim":["Japanese or Chinese Soldiers"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Japanese or Chinese Soldiers, 1923"],"text":["Japanese or Chinese Soldiers, 1923","Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection","Series 3: War Photographs","box 1","Folder 51","Japanese or Chinese cavalry marching in winter."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection","Series 3: War Photographs"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection","Series 3: War Photographs"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1923"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1923"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":54,"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"collection_ssim":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection"],"containers_ssim":["box 1","Folder 51"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"date_range_isim":[1923],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJapanese or Chinese cavalry marching in winter. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n          "],"scopecontent_tesim":["Japanese or Chinese cavalry marching in winter."],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#33","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:21:42.615Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_vifgm00072","ead_ssi":"vifgm_vifgm00072","_root_":"vifgm_vifgm00072","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_vifgm00072","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/gmu/vifgm00072.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/","title_ssm":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection"],"title_tesim":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1920s-1930s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1920s-1930s"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection"],"text":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection","C0200","Artillery--China--Slides.","Casualties, War--Slides.","Mukden Incident, China, 1931--Slides.","War--Slides.","War crimes--Slides.","Glass negatives.","Lantern slides.","Organized into four series.","Series 1: Negatives, 1920s-1930s (Box 1)\n        Series 2: Maps, 1920s-1930s (Box 1)\n        Series 3: War Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Boxes 1-2)\n        Series 4: General Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Box 2)","Wikipedia entry on the Japanese invasion of Manchuria.","The Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933. The maps mainly show Jehol Province, which in 1955 was dissolved and incorporated into several other provinces. The maps highlight several passes in Jehol strategically important for the Japanese invasion. Other maps in the collection include larger areas of the Republic of China, areas of China under Communist control prior to the Chinese Civil War, and maps of Asia and Eurasia. The photo slides show various images of war throughout a possible 10 to 20 year period. The images include; soldiers in and out of combat, soldiers transporting weapons, soldiers demonstrating and displaying weapons, civilian casualties, destruction of cities, rebuilding of cities, armored vehicles and buildings around Manchuria. Images of soldiers could be from both Chinese and Japanese armies.","Series 1 consists of four glass negatives. The negatives feature images of soldiers in combat and are reproduced as lantern slides in the general collection.","Series 2 consists of map slides. Several slides depict maps of Jehol province dated to 1933. Maps of Jehol highlight areas of strategic importance for the Japanese invasion, routes of transportation, and combat maneuvers. Other maps in this series include larger maps of China, maps of Asia, maps of Eastern Hemisphere with the Eurasian continent highlighted and maps of areas of interest for the Japanese Empire.","Series 3 contains photographic slides relating to the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and other conflicts in the region during a similar time period. Images represented in these slides include pictures relating to all aspects of war and conflict. Many of the images document the damage inflicted on urban areas in China, including the destruction of entire cities. Civilians in these images go about their daily business amongst demolished buildings and rubble strewn streets. Several images document the Chinese and Japanese armies' use of weaponry and combat tactics. Weapons such as armored trains, first introduced in China during the Japanese invasion, cannon, mortar and machine guns are picture in use and for display purposes. Images of soldiers show them in active combat and occupying war camps. Lastly, graphic images of war casualties show bodies burned and assembled in large piles and mass graves.","Series 4 contains photographic slides of Manchuria and other areas. Photographs in this series depict urban areas of China, featuring scenes of residents and soldiers populating city streets and public squares. Images in this series also highlight historically and culturally signifigant architechure showing both Western and Chinese style buildings. Also included in this series are images of battleships and other large ships at sea and a major port.","The Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933.","George Mason University. Special Collections and Archives.","Japan. Rikugun--Slides.","Mr. Nagurney","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection"],"collection_ssim":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0200"],"unitid_tesim":["C0200"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Mr. Nagurney"],"creator_ssim":["Mr. Nagurney"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Mr. Nagurney"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections and Archives.","Japan. Rikugun--Slides."],"creators_ssim":["Mr. Nagurney","George Mason University. Special Collections and Archives.","Japan. Rikugun--Slides."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Mr. Nagurney in 1978."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Artillery--China--Slides.","Casualties, War--Slides.","Mukden Incident, China, 1931--Slides.","War--Slides.","War crimes--Slides.","Glass negatives.","Lantern slides."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Artillery--China--Slides.","Casualties, War--Slides.","Mukden Incident, China, 1931--Slides.","War--Slides.","War crimes--Slides.","Glass negatives.","Lantern slides."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Linear feet (2 boxes)"],"extent_tesim":["1 Linear feet (2 boxes)"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOrganized into four series. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003clist\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Negatives, 1920s-1930s (Box 1)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Maps, 1920s-1930s (Box 1)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: War Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Boxes 1-2)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: General Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Box 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/list\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organized into four series.","Series 1: Negatives, 1920s-1930s (Box 1)\n        Series 2: Maps, 1920s-1930s (Box 1)\n        Series 3: War Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Boxes 1-2)\n        Series 4: General Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Box 2)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_invasion_of_Manchuria\"\u003eWikipedia entry on the Japanese invasion of Manchuria\u003c/extref\u003e.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Wikipedia entry on the Japanese invasion of Manchuria."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933. The maps mainly show Jehol Province, which in 1955 was dissolved and incorporated into several other provinces. The maps highlight several passes in Jehol strategically important for the Japanese invasion. Other maps in the collection include larger areas of the Republic of China, areas of China under Communist control prior to the Chinese Civil War, and maps of Asia and Eurasia. The photo slides show various images of war throughout a possible 10 to 20 year period. The images include; soldiers in and out of combat, soldiers transporting weapons, soldiers demonstrating and displaying weapons, civilian casualties, destruction of cities, rebuilding of cities, armored vehicles and buildings around Manchuria. Images of soldiers could be from both Chinese and Japanese armies.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries 1 consists of four glass negatives. The negatives feature images of soldiers in combat and are reproduced as lantern slides in the general collection. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries 2 consists of map slides. Several slides depict maps of Jehol province dated to 1933. Maps of Jehol highlight areas of strategic importance for the Japanese invasion, routes of transportation, and combat maneuvers. Other maps in this series include larger maps of China, maps of Asia, maps of Eastern Hemisphere with the Eurasian continent highlighted and maps of areas of interest for the Japanese Empire.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries 3 contains photographic slides relating to the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and other conflicts in the region during a similar time period. Images represented in these slides include pictures relating to all aspects of war and conflict. Many of the images document the damage inflicted on urban areas in China, including the destruction of entire cities. Civilians in these images go about their daily business amongst demolished buildings and rubble strewn streets. Several images document the Chinese and Japanese armies' use of weaponry and combat tactics. Weapons such as armored trains, first introduced in China during the Japanese invasion, cannon, mortar and machine guns are picture in use and for display purposes. Images of soldiers show them in active combat and occupying war camps. Lastly, graphic images of war casualties show bodies burned and assembled in large piles and mass graves. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries 4 contains photographic slides of Manchuria and other areas. Photographs in this series depict urban areas of China, featuring scenes of residents and soldiers populating city streets and public squares. Images in this series also highlight historically and culturally signifigant architechure showing both Western and Chinese style buildings. Also included in this series are images of battleships and other large ships at sea and a major port.  \n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933. The maps mainly show Jehol Province, which in 1955 was dissolved and incorporated into several other provinces. The maps highlight several passes in Jehol strategically important for the Japanese invasion. Other maps in the collection include larger areas of the Republic of China, areas of China under Communist control prior to the Chinese Civil War, and maps of Asia and Eurasia. The photo slides show various images of war throughout a possible 10 to 20 year period. The images include; soldiers in and out of combat, soldiers transporting weapons, soldiers demonstrating and displaying weapons, civilian casualties, destruction of cities, rebuilding of cities, armored vehicles and buildings around Manchuria. Images of soldiers could be from both Chinese and Japanese armies.","Series 1 consists of four glass negatives. The negatives feature images of soldiers in combat and are reproduced as lantern slides in the general collection.","Series 2 consists of map slides. Several slides depict maps of Jehol province dated to 1933. Maps of Jehol highlight areas of strategic importance for the Japanese invasion, routes of transportation, and combat maneuvers. Other maps in this series include larger maps of China, maps of Asia, maps of Eastern Hemisphere with the Eurasian continent highlighted and maps of areas of interest for the Japanese Empire.","Series 3 contains photographic slides relating to the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and other conflicts in the region during a similar time period. Images represented in these slides include pictures relating to all aspects of war and conflict. Many of the images document the damage inflicted on urban areas in China, including the destruction of entire cities. Civilians in these images go about their daily business amongst demolished buildings and rubble strewn streets. Several images document the Chinese and Japanese armies' use of weaponry and combat tactics. Weapons such as armored trains, first introduced in China during the Japanese invasion, cannon, mortar and machine guns are picture in use and for display purposes. Images of soldiers show them in active combat and occupying war camps. Lastly, graphic images of war casualties show bodies burned and assembled in large piles and mass graves.","Series 4 contains photographic slides of Manchuria and other areas. Photographs in this series depict urban areas of China, featuring scenes of residents and soldiers populating city streets and public squares. Images in this series also highlight historically and culturally signifigant architechure showing both Western and Chinese style buildings. Also included in this series are images of battleships and other large ships at sea and a major port."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003e The Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933. \n\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections and Archives.","Japan. Rikugun--Slides."],"persname_ssim":["Mr. Nagurney"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections and Archives.","Japan. Rikugun--Slides.","Mr. Nagurney"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":107,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:21:42.615Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_vifgm00072_c03_c34"}},{"id":"vifgm_vifgm00072_c03_c35","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Japanese or Chinese Soldiers, 1923","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_vifgm00072_c03_c35#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eJapanese or Chinese cavalry marching in winter. 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Same image as 1-51 but with a different label."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection","Series 3: War Photographs"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection","Series 3: War Photographs"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1923"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1923"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":55,"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"collection_ssim":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection"],"containers_ssim":["box 1","Folder 52"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"date_range_isim":[1923],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJapanese or Chinese cavalry marching in winter. Same image as 1-51 but with a different label.  \n\u003c/p\u003e\n          "],"scopecontent_tesim":["Japanese or Chinese cavalry marching in winter. 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The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933. The maps mainly show Jehol Province, which in 1955 was dissolved and incorporated into several other provinces. The maps highlight several passes in Jehol strategically important for the Japanese invasion. Other maps in the collection include larger areas of the Republic of China, areas of China under Communist control prior to the Chinese Civil War, and maps of Asia and Eurasia. The photo slides show various images of war throughout a possible 10 to 20 year period. The images include; soldiers in and out of combat, soldiers transporting weapons, soldiers demonstrating and displaying weapons, civilian casualties, destruction of cities, rebuilding of cities, armored vehicles and buildings around Manchuria. Images of soldiers could be from both Chinese and Japanese armies.","Series 1 consists of four glass negatives. The negatives feature images of soldiers in combat and are reproduced as lantern slides in the general collection.","Series 2 consists of map slides. Several slides depict maps of Jehol province dated to 1933. Maps of Jehol highlight areas of strategic importance for the Japanese invasion, routes of transportation, and combat maneuvers. Other maps in this series include larger maps of China, maps of Asia, maps of Eastern Hemisphere with the Eurasian continent highlighted and maps of areas of interest for the Japanese Empire.","Series 3 contains photographic slides relating to the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and other conflicts in the region during a similar time period. Images represented in these slides include pictures relating to all aspects of war and conflict. Many of the images document the damage inflicted on urban areas in China, including the destruction of entire cities. Civilians in these images go about their daily business amongst demolished buildings and rubble strewn streets. Several images document the Chinese and Japanese armies' use of weaponry and combat tactics. Weapons such as armored trains, first introduced in China during the Japanese invasion, cannon, mortar and machine guns are picture in use and for display purposes. Images of soldiers show them in active combat and occupying war camps. Lastly, graphic images of war casualties show bodies burned and assembled in large piles and mass graves.","Series 4 contains photographic slides of Manchuria and other areas. Photographs in this series depict urban areas of China, featuring scenes of residents and soldiers populating city streets and public squares. Images in this series also highlight historically and culturally signifigant architechure showing both Western and Chinese style buildings. Also included in this series are images of battleships and other large ships at sea and a major port.","The Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933.","George Mason University. Special Collections and Archives.","Japan. Rikugun--Slides.","Mr. Nagurney","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection"],"collection_ssim":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0200"],"unitid_tesim":["C0200"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Mr. Nagurney"],"creator_ssim":["Mr. Nagurney"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Mr. Nagurney"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections and Archives.","Japan. Rikugun--Slides."],"creators_ssim":["Mr. Nagurney","George Mason University. Special Collections and Archives.","Japan. 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The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933. The maps mainly show Jehol Province, which in 1955 was dissolved and incorporated into several other provinces. The maps highlight several passes in Jehol strategically important for the Japanese invasion. Other maps in the collection include larger areas of the Republic of China, areas of China under Communist control prior to the Chinese Civil War, and maps of Asia and Eurasia. The photo slides show various images of war throughout a possible 10 to 20 year period. The images include; soldiers in and out of combat, soldiers transporting weapons, soldiers demonstrating and displaying weapons, civilian casualties, destruction of cities, rebuilding of cities, armored vehicles and buildings around Manchuria. Images of soldiers could be from both Chinese and Japanese armies.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries 1 consists of four glass negatives. The negatives feature images of soldiers in combat and are reproduced as lantern slides in the general collection. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries 2 consists of map slides. Several slides depict maps of Jehol province dated to 1933. Maps of Jehol highlight areas of strategic importance for the Japanese invasion, routes of transportation, and combat maneuvers. Other maps in this series include larger maps of China, maps of Asia, maps of Eastern Hemisphere with the Eurasian continent highlighted and maps of areas of interest for the Japanese Empire.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries 3 contains photographic slides relating to the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and other conflicts in the region during a similar time period. Images represented in these slides include pictures relating to all aspects of war and conflict. Many of the images document the damage inflicted on urban areas in China, including the destruction of entire cities. Civilians in these images go about their daily business amongst demolished buildings and rubble strewn streets. Several images document the Chinese and Japanese armies' use of weaponry and combat tactics. Weapons such as armored trains, first introduced in China during the Japanese invasion, cannon, mortar and machine guns are picture in use and for display purposes. Images of soldiers show them in active combat and occupying war camps. Lastly, graphic images of war casualties show bodies burned and assembled in large piles and mass graves. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries 4 contains photographic slides of Manchuria and other areas. Photographs in this series depict urban areas of China, featuring scenes of residents and soldiers populating city streets and public squares. Images in this series also highlight historically and culturally signifigant architechure showing both Western and Chinese style buildings. Also included in this series are images of battleships and other large ships at sea and a major port.  \n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933. The maps mainly show Jehol Province, which in 1955 was dissolved and incorporated into several other provinces. The maps highlight several passes in Jehol strategically important for the Japanese invasion. Other maps in the collection include larger areas of the Republic of China, areas of China under Communist control prior to the Chinese Civil War, and maps of Asia and Eurasia. The photo slides show various images of war throughout a possible 10 to 20 year period. The images include; soldiers in and out of combat, soldiers transporting weapons, soldiers demonstrating and displaying weapons, civilian casualties, destruction of cities, rebuilding of cities, armored vehicles and buildings around Manchuria. Images of soldiers could be from both Chinese and Japanese armies.","Series 1 consists of four glass negatives. The negatives feature images of soldiers in combat and are reproduced as lantern slides in the general collection.","Series 2 consists of map slides. Several slides depict maps of Jehol province dated to 1933. Maps of Jehol highlight areas of strategic importance for the Japanese invasion, routes of transportation, and combat maneuvers. Other maps in this series include larger maps of China, maps of Asia, maps of Eastern Hemisphere with the Eurasian continent highlighted and maps of areas of interest for the Japanese Empire.","Series 3 contains photographic slides relating to the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and other conflicts in the region during a similar time period. Images represented in these slides include pictures relating to all aspects of war and conflict. Many of the images document the damage inflicted on urban areas in China, including the destruction of entire cities. Civilians in these images go about their daily business amongst demolished buildings and rubble strewn streets. Several images document the Chinese and Japanese armies' use of weaponry and combat tactics. Weapons such as armored trains, first introduced in China during the Japanese invasion, cannon, mortar and machine guns are picture in use and for display purposes. Images of soldiers show them in active combat and occupying war camps. Lastly, graphic images of war casualties show bodies burned and assembled in large piles and mass graves.","Series 4 contains photographic slides of Manchuria and other areas. Photographs in this series depict urban areas of China, featuring scenes of residents and soldiers populating city streets and public squares. Images in this series also highlight historically and culturally signifigant architechure showing both Western and Chinese style buildings. Also included in this series are images of battleships and other large ships at sea and a major port."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003e The Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933. \n\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections and Archives.","Japan. Rikugun--Slides."],"persname_ssim":["Mr. Nagurney"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections and Archives.","Japan. 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The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933. The maps mainly show Jehol Province, which in 1955 was dissolved and incorporated into several other provinces. The maps highlight several passes in Jehol strategically important for the Japanese invasion. Other maps in the collection include larger areas of the Republic of China, areas of China under Communist control prior to the Chinese Civil War, and maps of Asia and Eurasia. The photo slides show various images of war throughout a possible 10 to 20 year period. The images include; soldiers in and out of combat, soldiers transporting weapons, soldiers demonstrating and displaying weapons, civilian casualties, destruction of cities, rebuilding of cities, armored vehicles and buildings around Manchuria. Images of soldiers could be from both Chinese and Japanese armies.","Series 1 consists of four glass negatives. The negatives feature images of soldiers in combat and are reproduced as lantern slides in the general collection.","Series 2 consists of map slides. Several slides depict maps of Jehol province dated to 1933. Maps of Jehol highlight areas of strategic importance for the Japanese invasion, routes of transportation, and combat maneuvers. Other maps in this series include larger maps of China, maps of Asia, maps of Eastern Hemisphere with the Eurasian continent highlighted and maps of areas of interest for the Japanese Empire.","Series 3 contains photographic slides relating to the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and other conflicts in the region during a similar time period. Images represented in these slides include pictures relating to all aspects of war and conflict. Many of the images document the damage inflicted on urban areas in China, including the destruction of entire cities. Civilians in these images go about their daily business amongst demolished buildings and rubble strewn streets. Several images document the Chinese and Japanese armies' use of weaponry and combat tactics. Weapons such as armored trains, first introduced in China during the Japanese invasion, cannon, mortar and machine guns are picture in use and for display purposes. Images of soldiers show them in active combat and occupying war camps. Lastly, graphic images of war casualties show bodies burned and assembled in large piles and mass graves.","Series 4 contains photographic slides of Manchuria and other areas. Photographs in this series depict urban areas of China, featuring scenes of residents and soldiers populating city streets and public squares. Images in this series also highlight historically and culturally signifigant architechure showing both Western and Chinese style buildings. Also included in this series are images of battleships and other large ships at sea and a major port.","The Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933.","George Mason University. Special Collections and Archives.","Japan. Rikugun--Slides.","Mr. Nagurney","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection"],"collection_ssim":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0200"],"unitid_tesim":["C0200"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Mr. Nagurney"],"creator_ssim":["Mr. Nagurney"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Mr. Nagurney"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections and Archives.","Japan. Rikugun--Slides."],"creators_ssim":["Mr. Nagurney","George Mason University. Special Collections and Archives.","Japan. 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The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933. The maps mainly show Jehol Province, which in 1955 was dissolved and incorporated into several other provinces. The maps highlight several passes in Jehol strategically important for the Japanese invasion. Other maps in the collection include larger areas of the Republic of China, areas of China under Communist control prior to the Chinese Civil War, and maps of Asia and Eurasia. The photo slides show various images of war throughout a possible 10 to 20 year period. The images include; soldiers in and out of combat, soldiers transporting weapons, soldiers demonstrating and displaying weapons, civilian casualties, destruction of cities, rebuilding of cities, armored vehicles and buildings around Manchuria. Images of soldiers could be from both Chinese and Japanese armies.","Series 1 consists of four glass negatives. The negatives feature images of soldiers in combat and are reproduced as lantern slides in the general collection.","Series 2 consists of map slides. Several slides depict maps of Jehol province dated to 1933. Maps of Jehol highlight areas of strategic importance for the Japanese invasion, routes of transportation, and combat maneuvers. Other maps in this series include larger maps of China, maps of Asia, maps of Eastern Hemisphere with the Eurasian continent highlighted and maps of areas of interest for the Japanese Empire.","Series 3 contains photographic slides relating to the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and other conflicts in the region during a similar time period. Images represented in these slides include pictures relating to all aspects of war and conflict. Many of the images document the damage inflicted on urban areas in China, including the destruction of entire cities. Civilians in these images go about their daily business amongst demolished buildings and rubble strewn streets. Several images document the Chinese and Japanese armies' use of weaponry and combat tactics. Weapons such as armored trains, first introduced in China during the Japanese invasion, cannon, mortar and machine guns are picture in use and for display purposes. Images of soldiers show them in active combat and occupying war camps. Lastly, graphic images of war casualties show bodies burned and assembled in large piles and mass graves.","Series 4 contains photographic slides of Manchuria and other areas. Photographs in this series depict urban areas of China, featuring scenes of residents and soldiers populating city streets and public squares. Images in this series also highlight historically and culturally signifigant architechure showing both Western and Chinese style buildings. Also included in this series are images of battleships and other large ships at sea and a major port."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003e The Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. 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