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In some places the ink has faded to illegibility. In the fall of 2002 and 2003, Peggy Dillard and Ken Hinkle respectively created partial indices for the Smals diaries. The entries transcribed as part of these partial indices are included under each diary's scope and content note. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThis collection was previously cataloged as SC 2059\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Notes"],"processinfo_tesim":["The diaries appear to have been rebound, perhaps several times, and some volumes have sections in them that are not in chronological order. In some places the ink has faded to illegibility. In the fall of 2002 and 2003, Peggy Dillard and Ken Hinkle respectively created partial indices for the Smals diaries. The entries transcribed as part of these partial indices are included under each diary's scope and content note.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 2059."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Henry Smals Papers, 1871-1891, consist of three boxes containing eighteen volumes of diaries written by Henry Smals of Bridgewater, Virginia. The topics of diary entries are brief outlining day-to-day activities. There are mentions of acquaintances that are ill, various business transactions conducted in town, the movement of livestock, and hay through town, ongoing town projects, church activities, marriages, births, deaths, and other details of town life. The activities of \"colored people\" are occasionally noted. Throughout the diaries, Smals made small drawings of people and animals and added illustrations clipped from newspapers. A folder, located in Box 3, contains printed copies of a partial index and a list of highlights for most volumes as well as an ad for \"Henry Smals, Fashionable Barber! Main Street, Bridgewater, Va.\"\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Henry Smals Papers, 1871-1891, consist of three boxes containing eighteen volumes of diaries written by Henry Smals of Bridgewater, Virginia. The topics of diary entries are brief outlining day-to-day activities. There are mentions of acquaintances that are ill, various business transactions conducted in town, the movement of livestock, and hay through town, ongoing town projects, church activities, marriages, births, deaths, and other details of town life. The activities of \"colored people\" are occasionally noted. Throughout the diaries, Smals made small drawings of people and animals and added illustrations clipped from newspapers. A folder, located in Box 3, contains printed copies of a partial index and a list of highlights for most volumes as well as an ad for \"Henry Smals, Fashionable Barber! Main Street, Bridgewater, Va.\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk. (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk. (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8d4b0f6af460a047d246ff4686ce4549\"\u003eThe Henry Smals Diaries, 1871-1891, consist of three boxes containing eighteen volumes of diaries written by Henry Smals of Bridgewater, Virginia. The topics of diary entries are brief outlining day-to-day activities. A folder, located in Box 3, contains a partial index and a list of highlights for most volumes as well as an ad for \"Henry Smals, Fashionable Barber! Main Street, Bridgewater, Va.\"\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Henry Smals Diaries, 1871-1891, consist of three boxes containing eighteen volumes of diaries written by Henry Smals of Bridgewater, Virginia. The topics of diary entries are brief outlining day-to-day activities. A folder, located in Box 3, contains a partial index and a list of highlights for most volumes as well as an ad for \"Henry Smals, Fashionable Barber! Main Street, Bridgewater, Va.\""],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society"],"names_coll_ssim":["Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society","Smalls family","Smals, Henry, 1810-1892"],"famname_ssim":["Smalls family"],"persname_ssim":["Smals, Henry, 1810-1892","Hotchkiss, Jedediah, 1828-1899"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society","Smalls family","Smals, Henry, 1810-1892","Hotchkiss, Jedediah, 1828-1899"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":19,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:21:56.007Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_250"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_250_c15","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Volume 15, 1883/1885","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_250_c15#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eJune 1, 1883: \"Colored boy died of scarlet fever [age 16] and buried in colored graveyard.\"\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_250_c15#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_250_c15","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_250_c15"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_250_c15","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_250","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_250","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_250","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_250","parent_ssim":["Henry Smals Diaries, 1871/1891"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_250"],"title_filing_ssi":"Volume 15","title_ssm":["Volume 15"],"title_tesim":["Volume 15"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Volume 15, 1883/1885"],"text":["Volume 15, 1883/1885","Henry Smals Diaries, 1871/1891","box 1","folder 7","June 1, 1883:  \"Colored boy died of scarlet fever [age 16] and buried in colored graveyard.\"","June 24, 1883: Dr. Folensher preached.","June 25, 1883:  \"A great many persons harvesting today-wheat very good.\"","June 30, 1883:  \"Burn and Elam fought a duel near Wainsborough.  Elam got a flesh wound; the other was not touched.\"","July 1, 1883: Preaching by Rev. Waters","July 8, 1883:  \"Our choir sung for the colored people today at 11:00.  Rev. B. Smith preached-a colored man.\" [Sunday]","July 11, 1883: \"The Wizard men came to our town this evening and will stay until next Sabbath.\"","July 12, 1883: \"Mr. Allemong and family gone to White Sulphur Springs to stay for 3 weeks.\"","July 14, 1883:   Talks about a \"wizard man\" being in town for the week selling medicine.","July 25, 1883: \"Hanger and wife joined the M.E. Church to night.\"","July 29, 1883: Henry Smals granddaughter Sallie Miller married Samuel Boselmen.","August 4, 1883: \"My Birth day.  I H. Smals was born on the 4 August 1810 Saturday in afternoon at 3 oclock near the head of Muddy Creek about 2 miles of the head of Linville Creek and Bowmans Mill.\"","August 20, 1883:  \"George E. Dunnell killed a Negro.  Shot him in self-defense.\"","September 20, 1883:  \"Mr. George Murry's ondley daughter [age 11] got killed at a cane mill.  The shaft caught her clothes and thread her around and beat her head soft.\"","November 8, 1883: \"Dr. Brown and Robert Whitescarver have a Quarrel in our Shop this morning, but Did not come to blows.\"","November 12, 1883: \"Dock Van Pelt moved to Sangersville, he has moved 18 times in 6 years.\"","December 28, 1883:  \"A black man from Rockbridge County came to our town and married Black Maria Huldey yesterday in the African Church.\"","December 31, 1883:  \"Watch meting to night in M. E. Church. Oyster supper by the colored people in Odfellows Hall.\"","January 1, 1884:  \"Oyster supper by the Odfellows tonight in Odfellows Hall.  Everybody invited. Uncommonly cold; scarlet fever very bad in the area; ice 6\" frozen.\"","February 4, 1884:  \"Mrs. Young was laying out a woman who had died and got some gastric juices on a sore on her hand and now suffers very much in consequence of it.\" [She was sick for about a week; Smals doesn't mention her after that.]","February 26, 1884: \"Dr. Jones Drugstore caught on fire and burt up all his drugs and medcane [sic].  Did not burn the store house.\"","May 11, 1884:  \"Colored people had their first Quarterly meeting at this place today.\"","May 24, 1884:  \"William Fishback and a black man had a fight.  Fishback struck the negro in the head with a rock and Fishback had to pay a fine and cost which was $4.45.\"","May 31, 1884:  A great \"bass ball\" game.  Bridgewater 28 Harrisonburg 25 and 2 whitewashes.","June 11, 1884:  \"David Hooks whipped his sister with a yardstick this morning and left marks on her boddie.\"","June 13, 1884:  \"Brady and Wine killed their first beef this evening.  Going to butcher all summer.\"","June 15, 1884 : \"Lighting struck Rev. Raley [Lutheran] near Mt. Crawford and knocked his horse down but did not kill either of them.\"","June 18, 1884: \"All the presses and other tools to Bridgewater this evening to make cigars.\" [sketch of cigar]","July 19, 1884:  \"Nute Fry commenced butchering and selling beef in Bridgewater this morning.\"","August 1884:  [Several mentions of a cigar/tobacco factory.]","August 6, 1884: \"Old Jimmie Coakley, colored, died today near Rushville at the age of 110 years old.\"","August 10, 1884: \"Sabbath Morning, Warm Cloudy.  Rained some last night.  This is Childrens Day with the M.E.C.S.  The collection amounted to 10 dollars.  Preaching by Rev. Waters at 11 oclock.  Exercises at 2 oclock, also at night.\"","August 16, 1884: \"Professor Hoover and Professor Hulvey came to our town.  Spoke in the Old Town Hall as Democrats.\"\n[At this time Rev. Campbell was preaching in the Lutheran Church and Rev. Clark in the Baptist Church.  Smals usually mentioned the services in Lutheran and Baptist Churches].","August 30, 1884:  Cigar boys played and beat Bridgewater boys in baseball.","September 3, 1884: \"Uncle Jake Hesberger raised a watermelon that weighed 47 ¾ pounds.\"","September 7, 1884: Rev. Linch preached in M.E.C.S Church.","September 13, 1884: \"A fellow going to walk on a Rope started from J. Dinkles to the top of the old Tavern.\"","September 20, 1884:  \"The colored people have a local Preachers Convention here-will continue over Sunday.\"","September 21, 1884:  \"Preaching at colored church by colored preacher.  Fifteen local preachers present at the Convention.  Large crowd of colored people present.  Collected $30.\"","September 22, 1884: \"Jacob Bierly and son were killed in the well by foul air.\"","October 5, 1884: Rev. Ross preaching at M. E. C.","November 1, 1884: \"Mrs. Showalter Beat a little child today Black and Blue.  She was arrested and had her trial.  Paid the Corporation $5.00 and $25.00 to the County Court.\"","December 6, 1884:  \"A negro shot another negro in Harrisonburg last night.  He was caught and lodged in jail to await trial.\"","December 25, 1884: Thursday Morning Clear.  \"Very cold this Christmas Day, Plenty of ice on the River   Boys skating and shooting.\"","December 26, 1884: \"I H. Smals Eat a fine Dinner at George Hangers.\"","December 27, 1884: \"Oyster supper to night by the Masons at Will Areys.\"","January 12, 1885: \"The Cigar Boys commence making cigars today.\"  [Smals makes frequent  references to the \"cigar boys\" working in the cigar factory in Bridgewater]","January 18, 1885: \"Old Mr. Hailman fell through the Bridge and Caught himself before he got to the water.\" [Smals had been writing regularly of work on the bridge]","January 24, 1885: \"William H. Grove finished the Bridge today.  Got $56 for his 16 days work.\"","February 21, 1885: \"21 below zero.\"","March 11, 1885:  \"Nuten Smals came here from Hampshire County.  Brown Smals and Thomas Smals came to my house to day from Berkley County near Williamsport W.Va. to purchase cattle.\"","March 18, 1885: \"Our Preachers have come from Conference to day.  Rev Dice the Presiding Elder and Rev Lynch and Prettiman [Prettyman] the Senior and Junior Preacher for one Year.\"","March 21, 1885: \"Dam frozen over to night, never was known to freeze over in March before.\"","March 22, 1885: Preaching by Rev. Reade [Reid?]","March 24, 1885: \"Old Miller Areys sale today on Muddy Creek.\"","March 25, 1885: \"Hales engine went through our town this morning.\"","March 27, 1885: \"A Degarion [?] car came to town today.\" [sketch of train car, maybe an early photo studio?]","March 28, 1885: \"The dogs killed a parse of sheep for John Allemong this morning. John Allemong discharged 6 of his cigar men.  Only 4 rollers left and 2 packers.\"","April 3, 1885: [Good Friday.]  \"This is the day our Savior was crucified nearly 1900 years ago.\" [sketch of cross]","April 10, 1885:  \"The old Brick Shop that I Built 1840, 44 years ago, they are taring down to Build Drivers House.\"","April 12, 1885: \"Bettie Brown joined the M. E. Church South.\"","April 16, 1885: \"John Fisher rented the Lower Room of the Odd Fellows for the sum of  Two Dollars per month…\"","April 18, 1885: \"The first Quarterly Conference held in this place.   Presiding Elder present and both of the preachers on the Sircuit present and a good many of the Official Body present.  Brother Lynch gone to Spring Hill to hold a Quarterly meeting for the presiding Elders.  Brother Prettyman preached at night at 7 ½  oclock.\"","April 21, 1885:  \"Burk Sellers cow had twin calves.\"","April 22, 1885: Moses Stickler had been recommended as Post Master in Bridgewater.","April 26, 1885:  \"Two bysicles in our town.  Came from Harrisonburg in 52 minutes.\"","April 28, 1885:  \"J.W.S. commenced getting new milk of Mrs. Jenkins today at 6 cents per quart.\"","May 6, 1885:  \"Dinkel hired a bisicle in Harrisonburg to learn to ride on.\"","May 15, 1885: \"My Daughter Annie Died to night at 10 oclock.  She was 42 years and some month old.\"","May 20, 1885: \"Richard Berlin put a whistle on his engine today.\"","June 8, 1885: \"Shifflett stabbedd Riddle 2 times in the side.  The one stab is supposed to be fatal.\"","June 13, 1885:  \"Dr. Johnson's cow had 2 calves this morning.\"","July 1, 1885:  Post Office opened and first day of mail service in Bridgewater area.  Carriers going to Stribling Springs and Harrisonburg."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Henry Smals Diaries, 1871/1891"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Henry Smals Diaries, 1871/1891"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1883/1885"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["May 1883-July 1885"],"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":15,"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Henry Smals Diaries, 1871/1891"],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 7"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk. (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"date_range_isim":[1883,1884,1885],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJune 1, 1883:  \"Colored boy died of scarlet fever [age 16] and buried in colored graveyard.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJune 24, 1883: Dr. Folensher preached.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJune 25, 1883:  \"A great many persons harvesting today-wheat very good.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJune 30, 1883:  \"Burn and Elam fought a duel near Wainsborough.  Elam got a flesh wound; the other was not touched.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJuly 1, 1883: Preaching by Rev. Waters\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJuly 8, 1883:  \"Our choir sung for the colored people today at 11:00.  Rev. B. Smith preached-a colored man.\" [Sunday]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJuly 11, 1883: \"The Wizard men came to our town this evening and will stay until next Sabbath.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJuly 12, 1883: \"Mr. Allemong and family gone to White Sulphur Springs to stay for 3 weeks.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJuly 14, 1883:   Talks about a \"wizard man\" being in town for the week selling medicine.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJuly 25, 1883: \"Hanger and wife joined the M.E. Church to night.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJuly 29, 1883: Henry Smals granddaughter Sallie Miller married Samuel Boselmen.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAugust 4, 1883: \"My Birth day.  I H. Smals was born on the 4 August 1810 Saturday in afternoon at 3 oclock near the head of Muddy Creek about 2 miles of the head of Linville Creek and Bowmans Mill.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAugust 20, 1883:  \"George E. Dunnell killed a Negro.  Shot him in self-defense.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeptember 20, 1883:  \"Mr. George Murry's ondley daughter [age 11] got killed at a cane mill.  The shaft caught her clothes and thread her around and beat her head soft.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNovember 8, 1883: \"Dr. Brown and Robert Whitescarver have a Quarrel in our Shop this morning, but Did not come to blows.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNovember 12, 1883: \"Dock Van Pelt moved to Sangersville, he has moved 18 times in 6 years.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDecember 28, 1883:  \"A black man from Rockbridge County came to our town and married Black Maria Huldey yesterday in the African Church.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDecember 31, 1883:  \"Watch meting to night in M. E. Church. Oyster supper by the colored people in Odfellows Hall.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJanuary 1, 1884:  \"Oyster supper by the Odfellows tonight in Odfellows Hall.  Everybody invited. Uncommonly cold; scarlet fever very bad in the area; ice 6\" frozen.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFebruary 4, 1884:  \"Mrs. Young was laying out a woman who had died and got some gastric juices on a sore on her hand and now suffers very much in consequence of it.\" [She was sick for about a week; Smals doesn't mention her after that.]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFebruary 26, 1884: \"Dr. Jones Drugstore caught on fire and burt up all his drugs and medcane [sic].  Did not burn the store house.\" \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMay 11, 1884:  \"Colored people had their first Quarterly meeting at this place today.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMay 24, 1884:  \"William Fishback and a black man had a fight.  Fishback struck the negro in the head with a rock and Fishback had to pay a fine and cost which was $4.45.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMay 31, 1884:  A great \"bass ball\" game.  Bridgewater 28 Harrisonburg 25 and 2 whitewashes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJune 11, 1884:  \"David Hooks whipped his sister with a yardstick this morning and left marks on her boddie.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJune 13, 1884:  \"Brady and Wine killed their first beef this evening.  Going to butcher all summer.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJune 15, 1884 : \"Lighting struck Rev. Raley [Lutheran] near Mt. Crawford and knocked his horse down but did not kill either of them.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJune 18, 1884: \"All the presses and other tools to Bridgewater this evening to make cigars.\" [sketch of cigar]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJuly 19, 1884:  \"Nute Fry commenced butchering and selling beef in Bridgewater this morning.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAugust 1884:  [Several mentions of a cigar/tobacco factory.]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAugust 6, 1884: \"Old Jimmie Coakley, colored, died today near Rushville at the age of 110 years old.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAugust 10, 1884: \"Sabbath Morning, Warm Cloudy.  Rained some last night.  This is Childrens Day with the M.E.C.S.  The collection amounted to 10 dollars.  Preaching by Rev. Waters at 11 oclock.  Exercises at 2 oclock, also at night.\" \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAugust 16, 1884: \"Professor Hoover and Professor Hulvey came to our town.  Spoke in the Old Town Hall as Democrats.\"\n[At this time Rev. Campbell was preaching in the Lutheran Church and Rev. Clark in the Baptist Church.  Smals usually mentioned the services in Lutheran and Baptist Churches].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAugust 30, 1884:  Cigar boys played and beat Bridgewater boys in baseball.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeptember 3, 1884: \"Uncle Jake Hesberger raised a watermelon that weighed 47 ¾ pounds.\" \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeptember 7, 1884: Rev. Linch preached in M.E.C.S Church.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeptember 13, 1884: \"A fellow going to walk on a Rope started from J. Dinkles to the top of the old Tavern.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeptember 20, 1884:  \"The colored people have a local Preachers Convention here-will continue over Sunday.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeptember 21, 1884:  \"Preaching at colored church by colored preacher.  Fifteen local preachers present at the Convention.  Large crowd of colored people present.  Collected $30.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeptember 22, 1884: \"Jacob Bierly and son were killed in the well by foul air.\" \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOctober 5, 1884: Rev. Ross preaching at M. E. C. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNovember 1, 1884: \"Mrs. Showalter Beat a little child today Black and Blue.  She was arrested and had her trial.  Paid the Corporation $5.00 and $25.00 to the County Court.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDecember 6, 1884:  \"A negro shot another negro in Harrisonburg last night.  He was caught and lodged in jail to await trial.\" \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDecember 25, 1884: Thursday Morning Clear.  \"Very cold this Christmas Day, Plenty of ice on the River   Boys skating and shooting.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDecember 26, 1884: \"I H. Smals Eat a fine Dinner at George Hangers.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDecember 27, 1884: \"Oyster supper to night by the Masons at Will Areys.\" \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJanuary 12, 1885: \"The Cigar Boys commence making cigars today.\"  [Smals makes frequent  references to the \"cigar boys\" working in the cigar factory in Bridgewater]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJanuary 18, 1885: \"Old Mr. Hailman fell through the Bridge and Caught himself before he got to the water.\" [Smals had been writing regularly of work on the bridge]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJanuary 24, 1885: \"William H. Grove finished the Bridge today.  Got $56 for his 16 days work.\"   \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFebruary 21, 1885: \"21 below zero.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarch 11, 1885:  \"Nuten Smals came here from Hampshire County.  Brown Smals and Thomas Smals came to my house to day from Berkley County near Williamsport W.Va. to purchase cattle.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarch 18, 1885: \"Our Preachers have come from Conference to day.  Rev Dice the Presiding Elder and Rev Lynch and Prettiman [Prettyman] the Senior and Junior Preacher for one Year.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarch 21, 1885: \"Dam frozen over to night, never was known to freeze over in March before.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarch 22, 1885: Preaching by Rev. Reade [Reid?]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarch 24, 1885: \"Old Miller Areys sale today on Muddy Creek.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarch 25, 1885: \"Hales engine went through our town this morning.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarch 27, 1885: \"A Degarion [?] car came to town today.\" [sketch of train car, maybe an early photo studio?]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarch 28, 1885: \"The dogs killed a parse of sheep for John Allemong this morning. John Allemong discharged 6 of his cigar men.  Only 4 rollers left and 2 packers.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApril 3, 1885: [Good Friday.]  \"This is the day our Savior was crucified nearly 1900 years ago.\" [sketch of cross]  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApril 10, 1885:  \"The old Brick Shop that I Built 1840, 44 years ago, they are taring down to Build Drivers House.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApril 12, 1885: \"Bettie Brown joined the M. E. Church South.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApril 16, 1885: \"John Fisher rented the Lower Room of the Odd Fellows for the sum of  Two Dollars per month…\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApril 18, 1885: \"The first Quarterly Conference held in this place.   Presiding Elder present and both of the preachers on the Sircuit present and a good many of the Official Body present.  Brother Lynch gone to Spring Hill to hold a Quarterly meeting for the presiding Elders.  Brother Prettyman preached at night at 7 ½  oclock.\"  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApril 21, 1885:  \"Burk Sellers cow had twin calves.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApril 22, 1885: Moses Stickler had been recommended as Post Master in Bridgewater.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApril 26, 1885:  \"Two bysicles in our town.  Came from Harrisonburg in 52 minutes.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApril 28, 1885:  \"J.W.S. commenced getting new milk of Mrs. Jenkins today at 6 cents per quart.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMay 6, 1885:  \"Dinkel hired a bisicle in Harrisonburg to learn to ride on.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMay 15, 1885: \"My Daughter Annie Died to night at 10 oclock.  She was 42 years and some month old.\" \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMay 20, 1885: \"Richard Berlin put a whistle on his engine today.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJune 8, 1885: \"Shifflett stabbedd Riddle 2 times in the side.  The one stab is supposed to be fatal.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJune 13, 1885:  \"Dr. Johnson's cow had 2 calves this morning.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJuly 1, 1885:  Post Office opened and first day of mail service in Bridgewater area.  Carriers going to Stribling Springs and Harrisonburg.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["June 1, 1883:  \"Colored boy died of scarlet fever [age 16] and buried in colored graveyard.\"","June 24, 1883: Dr. Folensher preached.","June 25, 1883:  \"A great many persons harvesting today-wheat very good.\"","June 30, 1883:  \"Burn and Elam fought a duel near Wainsborough.  Elam got a flesh wound; the other was not touched.\"","July 1, 1883: Preaching by Rev. Waters","July 8, 1883:  \"Our choir sung for the colored people today at 11:00.  Rev. B. Smith preached-a colored man.\" [Sunday]","July 11, 1883: \"The Wizard men came to our town this evening and will stay until next Sabbath.\"","July 12, 1883: \"Mr. Allemong and family gone to White Sulphur Springs to stay for 3 weeks.\"","July 14, 1883:   Talks about a \"wizard man\" being in town for the week selling medicine.","July 25, 1883: \"Hanger and wife joined the M.E. Church to night.\"","July 29, 1883: Henry Smals granddaughter Sallie Miller married Samuel Boselmen.","August 4, 1883: \"My Birth day.  I H. Smals was born on the 4 August 1810 Saturday in afternoon at 3 oclock near the head of Muddy Creek about 2 miles of the head of Linville Creek and Bowmans Mill.\"","August 20, 1883:  \"George E. Dunnell killed a Negro.  Shot him in self-defense.\"","September 20, 1883:  \"Mr. George Murry's ondley daughter [age 11] got killed at a cane mill.  The shaft caught her clothes and thread her around and beat her head soft.\"","November 8, 1883: \"Dr. Brown and Robert Whitescarver have a Quarrel in our Shop this morning, but Did not come to blows.\"","November 12, 1883: \"Dock Van Pelt moved to Sangersville, he has moved 18 times in 6 years.\"","December 28, 1883:  \"A black man from Rockbridge County came to our town and married Black Maria Huldey yesterday in the African Church.\"","December 31, 1883:  \"Watch meting to night in M. E. Church. Oyster supper by the colored people in Odfellows Hall.\"","January 1, 1884:  \"Oyster supper by the Odfellows tonight in Odfellows Hall.  Everybody invited. Uncommonly cold; scarlet fever very bad in the area; ice 6\" frozen.\"","February 4, 1884:  \"Mrs. Young was laying out a woman who had died and got some gastric juices on a sore on her hand and now suffers very much in consequence of it.\" [She was sick for about a week; Smals doesn't mention her after that.]","February 26, 1884: \"Dr. Jones Drugstore caught on fire and burt up all his drugs and medcane [sic].  Did not burn the store house.\"","May 11, 1884:  \"Colored people had their first Quarterly meeting at this place today.\"","May 24, 1884:  \"William Fishback and a black man had a fight.  Fishback struck the negro in the head with a rock and Fishback had to pay a fine and cost which was $4.45.\"","May 31, 1884:  A great \"bass ball\" game.  Bridgewater 28 Harrisonburg 25 and 2 whitewashes.","June 11, 1884:  \"David Hooks whipped his sister with a yardstick this morning and left marks on her boddie.\"","June 13, 1884:  \"Brady and Wine killed their first beef this evening.  Going to butcher all summer.\"","June 15, 1884 : \"Lighting struck Rev. Raley [Lutheran] near Mt. Crawford and knocked his horse down but did not kill either of them.\"","June 18, 1884: \"All the presses and other tools to Bridgewater this evening to make cigars.\" [sketch of cigar]","July 19, 1884:  \"Nute Fry commenced butchering and selling beef in Bridgewater this morning.\"","August 1884:  [Several mentions of a cigar/tobacco factory.]","August 6, 1884: \"Old Jimmie Coakley, colored, died today near Rushville at the age of 110 years old.\"","August 10, 1884: \"Sabbath Morning, Warm Cloudy.  Rained some last night.  This is Childrens Day with the M.E.C.S.  The collection amounted to 10 dollars.  Preaching by Rev. Waters at 11 oclock.  Exercises at 2 oclock, also at night.\"","August 16, 1884: \"Professor Hoover and Professor Hulvey came to our town.  Spoke in the Old Town Hall as Democrats.\"\n[At this time Rev. Campbell was preaching in the Lutheran Church and Rev. Clark in the Baptist Church.  Smals usually mentioned the services in Lutheran and Baptist Churches].","August 30, 1884:  Cigar boys played and beat Bridgewater boys in baseball.","September 3, 1884: \"Uncle Jake Hesberger raised a watermelon that weighed 47 ¾ pounds.\"","September 7, 1884: Rev. Linch preached in M.E.C.S Church.","September 13, 1884: \"A fellow going to walk on a Rope started from J. Dinkles to the top of the old Tavern.\"","September 20, 1884:  \"The colored people have a local Preachers Convention here-will continue over Sunday.\"","September 21, 1884:  \"Preaching at colored church by colored preacher.  Fifteen local preachers present at the Convention.  Large crowd of colored people present.  Collected $30.\"","September 22, 1884: \"Jacob Bierly and son were killed in the well by foul air.\"","October 5, 1884: Rev. Ross preaching at M. E. C.","November 1, 1884: \"Mrs. Showalter Beat a little child today Black and Blue.  She was arrested and had her trial.  Paid the Corporation $5.00 and $25.00 to the County Court.\"","December 6, 1884:  \"A negro shot another negro in Harrisonburg last night.  He was caught and lodged in jail to await trial.\"","December 25, 1884: Thursday Morning Clear.  \"Very cold this Christmas Day, Plenty of ice on the River   Boys skating and shooting.\"","December 26, 1884: \"I H. Smals Eat a fine Dinner at George Hangers.\"","December 27, 1884: \"Oyster supper to night by the Masons at Will Areys.\"","January 12, 1885: \"The Cigar Boys commence making cigars today.\"  [Smals makes frequent  references to the \"cigar boys\" working in the cigar factory in Bridgewater]","January 18, 1885: \"Old Mr. Hailman fell through the Bridge and Caught himself before he got to the water.\" [Smals had been writing regularly of work on the bridge]","January 24, 1885: \"William H. Grove finished the Bridge today.  Got $56 for his 16 days work.\"","February 21, 1885: \"21 below zero.\"","March 11, 1885:  \"Nuten Smals came here from Hampshire County.  Brown Smals and Thomas Smals came to my house to day from Berkley County near Williamsport W.Va. to purchase cattle.\"","March 18, 1885: \"Our Preachers have come from Conference to day.  Rev Dice the Presiding Elder and Rev Lynch and Prettiman [Prettyman] the Senior and Junior Preacher for one Year.\"","March 21, 1885: \"Dam frozen over to night, never was known to freeze over in March before.\"","March 22, 1885: Preaching by Rev. Reade [Reid?]","March 24, 1885: \"Old Miller Areys sale today on Muddy Creek.\"","March 25, 1885: \"Hales engine went through our town this morning.\"","March 27, 1885: \"A Degarion [?] car came to town today.\" [sketch of train car, maybe an early photo studio?]","March 28, 1885: \"The dogs killed a parse of sheep for John Allemong this morning. John Allemong discharged 6 of his cigar men.  Only 4 rollers left and 2 packers.\"","April 3, 1885: [Good Friday.]  \"This is the day our Savior was crucified nearly 1900 years ago.\" [sketch of cross]","April 10, 1885:  \"The old Brick Shop that I Built 1840, 44 years ago, they are taring down to Build Drivers House.\"","April 12, 1885: \"Bettie Brown joined the M. E. Church South.\"","April 16, 1885: \"John Fisher rented the Lower Room of the Odd Fellows for the sum of  Two Dollars per month…\"","April 18, 1885: \"The first Quarterly Conference held in this place.   Presiding Elder present and both of the preachers on the Sircuit present and a good many of the Official Body present.  Brother Lynch gone to Spring Hill to hold a Quarterly meeting for the presiding Elders.  Brother Prettyman preached at night at 7 ½  oclock.\"","April 21, 1885:  \"Burk Sellers cow had twin calves.\"","April 22, 1885: Moses Stickler had been recommended as Post Master in Bridgewater.","April 26, 1885:  \"Two bysicles in our town.  Came from Harrisonburg in 52 minutes.\"","April 28, 1885:  \"J.W.S. commenced getting new milk of Mrs. Jenkins today at 6 cents per quart.\"","May 6, 1885:  \"Dinkel hired a bisicle in Harrisonburg to learn to ride on.\"","May 15, 1885: \"My Daughter Annie Died to night at 10 oclock.  She was 42 years and some month old.\"","May 20, 1885: \"Richard Berlin put a whistle on his engine today.\"","June 8, 1885: \"Shifflett stabbedd Riddle 2 times in the side.  The one stab is supposed to be fatal.\"","June 13, 1885:  \"Dr. Johnson's cow had 2 calves this morning.\"","July 1, 1885:  Post Office opened and first day of mail service in Bridgewater area.  Carriers going to Stribling Springs and Harrisonburg."],"_nest_path_":"/components#14","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:21:56.007Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_250","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_250","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_250","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_250","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_250.xml","title_ssm":["Henry Smals Diaries"],"title_tesim":["Henry Smals Diaries"],"unitdate_ssm":["1871-1891"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1871-1891"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1871/1891"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Henry Smals Diaries, 1871/1891"],"text":["Henry Smals Diaries, 1871/1891","SC 0096","/repositories/4/resources/250","Virginia -- History, Local -- Genealogy","Bridgewater (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Bridgewater (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 19th century","Bridgewater (Va.) -- Economic customs -- 19th century","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Shoemakers -- Virginia -- Biography","African Americans -- Virginia -- History -- 19th century","Shoemakers -- Virginia -- History -- 19th century","Diaries","Weather diaries","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The diaries are arranged chronologically where possible, but due to variations in size are physically housed as follows in the Contents List. Volume 14 is filed in a separate container.","United States Census Office, 7th census. 1850 U.S. Census, Rockingham County, Virginia. Wichita, Ks.: S-K Publications, 1987.","Henry Smals (1810-1892) is listed in the 1850 Rockingham County Census as a shoemaker with real estate value of $1,000 with a wife, Mary, and six children. There is an entry for Henry Smalts in the 1860 census and for Henry Smalls in the 1870 census that gives additional household details. He may also have been a barber sometime during the 1880s (ses Box 3, Folder 4). His surname appears as a variation of Smalz and Smaltz as well.","The collection of diaries was first presented to George M. Hanger by Smals' grandson, Gal Miller, in 1910. The diaries were then given to George P. Furry in 1920, Edwina Furry in 1970, and Dorothy Merriefield in 1983.","The diaries appear to have been rebound, perhaps several times, and some volumes have sections in them that are not in chronological order. In some places the ink has faded to illegibility. In the fall of 2002 and 2003, Peggy Dillard and Ken Hinkle respectively created partial indices for the Smals diaries. The entries transcribed as part of these partial indices are included under each diary's scope and content note.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 2059.","The Henry Smals Papers, 1871-1891, consist of three boxes containing eighteen volumes of diaries written by Henry Smals of Bridgewater, Virginia. The topics of diary entries are brief outlining day-to-day activities. There are mentions of acquaintances that are ill, various business transactions conducted in town, the movement of livestock, and hay through town, ongoing town projects, church activities, marriages, births, deaths, and other details of town life. The activities of \"colored people\" are occasionally noted. Throughout the diaries, Smals made small drawings of people and animals and added illustrations clipped from newspapers. A folder, located in Box 3, contains printed copies of a partial index and a list of highlights for most volumes as well as an ad for \"Henry Smals, Fashionable Barber! Main Street, Bridgewater, Va.\"","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk. (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Henry Smals Diaries, 1871-1891, consist of three boxes containing eighteen volumes of diaries written by Henry Smals of Bridgewater, Virginia. The topics of diary entries are brief outlining day-to-day activities. A folder, located in Box 3, contains a partial index and a list of highlights for most volumes as well as an ad for \"Henry Smals, Fashionable Barber! Main Street, Bridgewater, Va.\"","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society","Smalls family","Smals, Henry, 1810-1892","Hotchkiss, Jedediah, 1828-1899","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Henry Smals Diaries, 1871/1891"],"collection_ssim":["Henry Smals Diaries, 1871/1891"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0096","/repositories/4/resources/250"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0096","/repositories/4/resources/250"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia -- History, Local -- Genealogy","Bridgewater (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Bridgewater (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 19th century","Bridgewater (Va.) -- Economic customs -- 19th century","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History -- 19th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia -- History, Local -- Genealogy","Bridgewater (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Bridgewater (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 19th century","Bridgewater (Va.) -- Economic customs -- 19th century","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History -- 19th century"],"places_ssim":["Virginia -- History, Local -- Genealogy","Bridgewater (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Bridgewater (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 19th century","Bridgewater (Va.) -- Economic customs -- 19th century","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History -- 19th century"],"creator_ssm":["Smals, Henry, 1810-1892","Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society"],"creator_ssim":["Smals, Henry, 1810-1892","Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Smals, Henry, 1810-1892","Hotchkiss, Jedediah, 1828-1899"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Smalls family"],"creators_ssim":["Smals, Henry, 1810-1892","Hotchkiss, Jedediah, 1828-1899","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society","Smalls family"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk. (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection is on deposit from the Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Shoemakers -- Virginia -- Biography","African Americans -- Virginia -- History -- 19th century","Shoemakers -- Virginia -- History -- 19th century","Diaries","Weather diaries"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Shoemakers -- Virginia -- Biography","African Americans -- Virginia -- History -- 19th century","Shoemakers -- Virginia -- History -- 19th century","Diaries","Weather diaries"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.7 cubic feet 3 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.7 cubic feet 3 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Diaries","Weather diaries"],"date_range_isim":[1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe diaries are arranged chronologically where possible, but due to variations in size are physically housed as follows in the Contents List. Volume 14 is filed in a separate container.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The diaries are arranged chronologically where possible, but due to variations in size are physically housed as follows in the Contents List. Volume 14 is filed in a separate container."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eUnited States Census Office, 7th census. 1850 U.S. Census, Rockingham County, Virginia. Wichita, Ks.: S-K Publications, 1987.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["United States Census Office, 7th census. 1850 U.S. Census, Rockingham County, Virginia. Wichita, Ks.: S-K Publications, 1987."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenry Smals (1810-1892) is listed in the 1850 Rockingham County Census as a shoemaker with real estate value of $1,000 with a wife, Mary, and six children. There is an entry for Henry Smalts in the 1860 census and for Henry Smalls in the 1870 census that gives additional household details. He may also have been a barber sometime during the 1880s (ses Box 3, Folder 4). His surname appears as a variation of Smalz and Smaltz as well.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Henry Smals (1810-1892) is listed in the 1850 Rockingham County Census as a shoemaker with real estate value of $1,000 with a wife, Mary, and six children. There is an entry for Henry Smalts in the 1860 census and for Henry Smalls in the 1870 census that gives additional household details. He may also have been a barber sometime during the 1880s (ses Box 3, Folder 4). His surname appears as a variation of Smalz and Smaltz as well."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection of diaries was first presented to George M. Hanger by Smals' grandson, Gal Miller, in 1910. The diaries were then given to George P. Furry in 1920, Edwina Furry in 1970, and Dorothy Merriefield in 1983.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["The collection of diaries was first presented to George M. Hanger by Smals' grandson, Gal Miller, in 1910. The diaries were then given to George P. Furry in 1920, Edwina Furry in 1970, and Dorothy Merriefield in 1983."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Henry Smals Diaries, 1871-1891, SC 0096, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Henry Smals Diaries, 1871-1891, SC 0096, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe diaries appear to have been rebound, perhaps several times, and some volumes have sections in them that are not in chronological order. In some places the ink has faded to illegibility. In the fall of 2002 and 2003, Peggy Dillard and Ken Hinkle respectively created partial indices for the Smals diaries. The entries transcribed as part of these partial indices are included under each diary's scope and content note. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThis collection was previously cataloged as SC 2059\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Notes"],"processinfo_tesim":["The diaries appear to have been rebound, perhaps several times, and some volumes have sections in them that are not in chronological order. In some places the ink has faded to illegibility. In the fall of 2002 and 2003, Peggy Dillard and Ken Hinkle respectively created partial indices for the Smals diaries. The entries transcribed as part of these partial indices are included under each diary's scope and content note.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 2059."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Henry Smals Papers, 1871-1891, consist of three boxes containing eighteen volumes of diaries written by Henry Smals of Bridgewater, Virginia. The topics of diary entries are brief outlining day-to-day activities. There are mentions of acquaintances that are ill, various business transactions conducted in town, the movement of livestock, and hay through town, ongoing town projects, church activities, marriages, births, deaths, and other details of town life. The activities of \"colored people\" are occasionally noted. Throughout the diaries, Smals made small drawings of people and animals and added illustrations clipped from newspapers. A folder, located in Box 3, contains printed copies of a partial index and a list of highlights for most volumes as well as an ad for \"Henry Smals, Fashionable Barber! Main Street, Bridgewater, Va.\"\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Henry Smals Papers, 1871-1891, consist of three boxes containing eighteen volumes of diaries written by Henry Smals of Bridgewater, Virginia. The topics of diary entries are brief outlining day-to-day activities. There are mentions of acquaintances that are ill, various business transactions conducted in town, the movement of livestock, and hay through town, ongoing town projects, church activities, marriages, births, deaths, and other details of town life. The activities of \"colored people\" are occasionally noted. Throughout the diaries, Smals made small drawings of people and animals and added illustrations clipped from newspapers. A folder, located in Box 3, contains printed copies of a partial index and a list of highlights for most volumes as well as an ad for \"Henry Smals, Fashionable Barber! Main Street, Bridgewater, Va.\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk. (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk. (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8d4b0f6af460a047d246ff4686ce4549\"\u003eThe Henry Smals Diaries, 1871-1891, consist of three boxes containing eighteen volumes of diaries written by Henry Smals of Bridgewater, Virginia. The topics of diary entries are brief outlining day-to-day activities. A folder, located in Box 3, contains a partial index and a list of highlights for most volumes as well as an ad for \"Henry Smals, Fashionable Barber! Main Street, Bridgewater, Va.\"\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Henry Smals Diaries, 1871-1891, consist of three boxes containing eighteen volumes of diaries written by Henry Smals of Bridgewater, Virginia. The topics of diary entries are brief outlining day-to-day activities. A folder, located in Box 3, contains a partial index and a list of highlights for most volumes as well as an ad for \"Henry Smals, Fashionable Barber! Main Street, Bridgewater, Va.\""],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society"],"names_coll_ssim":["Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society","Smalls family","Smals, Henry, 1810-1892"],"famname_ssim":["Smalls family"],"persname_ssim":["Smals, Henry, 1810-1892","Hotchkiss, Jedediah, 1828-1899"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society","Smalls family","Smals, Henry, 1810-1892","Hotchkiss, Jedediah, 1828-1899"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":19,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:21:56.007Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_250_c15"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_250_c16","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Volume 16, 1885/1887","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_250_c16#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eJuly 24, 1885: \"2 Negroes broke open wines at Funkhouser store and stole 2 suit of clothing, coffee and sugar, and other articles. A black woman found under a hay stack with her throat cut from ear to ear in Augusta County, VA.\"\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_250_c16#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_250_c16","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_250_c16"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_250_c16","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_250","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_250","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_250","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_250","parent_ssim":["Henry Smals Diaries, 1871/1891"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_250"],"title_filing_ssi":"Volume 16","title_ssm":["Volume 16"],"title_tesim":["Volume 16"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Volume 16, 1885/1887"],"text":["Volume 16, 1885/1887","Henry Smals Diaries, 1871/1891","box 3","folder 1","July 24, 1885:  \"2 Negroes broke open wines at Funkhouser store and stole 2 suit of clothing, coffee and sugar, and other articles. A black woman found under a hay stack with her throat cut from ear to ear in Augusta County, VA.\"","August 7, 1885:  \"Colored people had a Festival tonight at the Old Town Hall\" [3 sketches of black heads].","August 8. 1885:  \"Colored people continue their festival tonight.  Colored people have a Quarterly meeting on Crawford's farm today and tomorrow.\"","March 8, 1886:  \"The Colored Minstrel Singers came to our town today and sing tonight in the M.E. Church.  Colored in this town a perfect Humbug.\"","April 15, 1886:  \"The colored Preacher came here on his circuit today.\"","May 7, 1886:  Notes marriage of 2 coloreds with a squiggly circle drawing.  \"Wm. Branson to Allace Brookins\"","May 26, 1886:  \"Charley Stuart moved in Berlintown in Joseph Nielwanders house.  He is a colored man.\" [sketch of black man's head].","June 1, 1886:  \"Mat Barber's child buried today in the Colored Graveyard in this town today at 11 o'clock.  Colored boy Joseph Riggle came to our town today to work in the factory.\"","June 11, 1886:  \"John Wine's wife had twins and two days afterward his cow had twin calves.\" [sketch of twin calves]","June 14, 1886:  \"The Colored people have a Picknick tonight for the benefit of their Preacher.\"","Summer of 1886:  Talks a lot about farmers harvesting their wheat all over and in July \"people are thrashing all over.\"","August 1, 1886:  \"The Colored People had a Bush meeting near Mt. Crawford.\"","August 2, 1886:  \"A great show at the African church tonight by the colored folks.\"  [Pasted a picture of black musicians surrounded by violins, banjos and other instruments]","August 30, 1886:  \"Jackson Doomer's cow died this morning.\"","September 4, 1886:  \"Another bucher shop opened near Allemony's store.\"","September 18, 1886:  \"Mr. Isaac Marshall weighed his big hog today at 705 pounds.\"","October 16, 1886:  \"Colored Quarterly meeting commenced today in Bridgewater.\"","October 19, 1886:  \"Henry Dice and Frank Irvin came home from Pokehunters to bring his cattle home.\"","November 22, 1886:  \"Sanger Brothers started a Creamery today in Bridgewater.\"","February 15, 1887:  Josie Wise, colored, buried in the Colored Graveyard today at 11 o'clock.  A great many colored persons present.\""],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Henry Smals Diaries, 1871/1891"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Henry Smals Diaries, 1871/1891"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1885/1887"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["July 1885- April 1887"],"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":16,"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Henry Smals Diaries, 1871/1891"],"containers_ssim":["box 3","folder 1"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk. (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"date_range_isim":[1885,1886,1887],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJuly 24, 1885:  \"2 Negroes broke open wines at Funkhouser store and stole 2 suit of clothing, coffee and sugar, and other articles. A black woman found under a hay stack with her throat cut from ear to ear in Augusta County, VA.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAugust 7, 1885:  \"Colored people had a Festival tonight at the Old Town Hall\" [3 sketches of black heads].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAugust 8. 1885:  \"Colored people continue their festival tonight.  Colored people have a Quarterly meeting on Crawford's farm today and tomorrow.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarch 8, 1886:  \"The Colored Minstrel Singers came to our town today and sing tonight in the M.E. Church.  Colored in this town a perfect Humbug.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApril 15, 1886:  \"The colored Preacher came here on his circuit today.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMay 7, 1886:  Notes marriage of 2 coloreds with a squiggly circle drawing.  \"Wm. Branson to Allace Brookins\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMay 26, 1886:  \"Charley Stuart moved in Berlintown in Joseph Nielwanders house.  He is a colored man.\" [sketch of black man's head].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJune 1, 1886:  \"Mat Barber's child buried today in the Colored Graveyard in this town today at 11 o'clock.  Colored boy Joseph Riggle came to our town today to work in the factory.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJune 11, 1886:  \"John Wine's wife had twins and two days afterward his cow had twin calves.\" [sketch of twin calves]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJune 14, 1886:  \"The Colored people have a Picknick tonight for the benefit of their Preacher.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSummer of 1886:  Talks a lot about farmers harvesting their wheat all over and in July \"people are thrashing all over.\"  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAugust 1, 1886:  \"The Colored People had a Bush meeting near Mt. 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A great many colored persons present.\"  \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["July 24, 1885:  \"2 Negroes broke open wines at Funkhouser store and stole 2 suit of clothing, coffee and sugar, and other articles. A black woman found under a hay stack with her throat cut from ear to ear in Augusta County, VA.\"","August 7, 1885:  \"Colored people had a Festival tonight at the Old Town Hall\" [3 sketches of black heads].","August 8. 1885:  \"Colored people continue their festival tonight.  Colored people have a Quarterly meeting on Crawford's farm today and tomorrow.\"","March 8, 1886:  \"The Colored Minstrel Singers came to our town today and sing tonight in the M.E. Church.  Colored in this town a perfect Humbug.\"","April 15, 1886:  \"The colored Preacher came here on his circuit today.\"","May 7, 1886:  Notes marriage of 2 coloreds with a squiggly circle drawing.  \"Wm. 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Crawford.\"","August 2, 1886:  \"A great show at the African church tonight by the colored folks.\"  [Pasted a picture of black musicians surrounded by violins, banjos and other instruments]","August 30, 1886:  \"Jackson Doomer's cow died this morning.\"","September 4, 1886:  \"Another bucher shop opened near Allemony's store.\"","September 18, 1886:  \"Mr. Isaac Marshall weighed his big hog today at 705 pounds.\"","October 16, 1886:  \"Colored Quarterly meeting commenced today in Bridgewater.\"","October 19, 1886:  \"Henry Dice and Frank Irvin came home from Pokehunters to bring his cattle home.\"","November 22, 1886:  \"Sanger Brothers started a Creamery today in Bridgewater.\"","February 15, 1887:  Josie Wise, colored, buried in the Colored Graveyard today at 11 o'clock.  A great many colored persons present.\""],"_nest_path_":"/components#15","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:21:56.007Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_250","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_250","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_250","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_250","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_250.xml","title_ssm":["Henry Smals Diaries"],"title_tesim":["Henry Smals Diaries"],"unitdate_ssm":["1871-1891"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1871-1891"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1871/1891"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Henry Smals Diaries, 1871/1891"],"text":["Henry Smals Diaries, 1871/1891","SC 0096","/repositories/4/resources/250","Virginia -- History, Local -- Genealogy","Bridgewater (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Bridgewater (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 19th century","Bridgewater (Va.) -- Economic customs -- 19th century","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Shoemakers -- Virginia -- Biography","African Americans -- Virginia -- History -- 19th century","Shoemakers -- Virginia -- History -- 19th century","Diaries","Weather diaries","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The diaries are arranged chronologically where possible, but due to variations in size are physically housed as follows in the Contents List. Volume 14 is filed in a separate container.","United States Census Office, 7th census. 1850 U.S. Census, Rockingham County, Virginia. Wichita, Ks.: S-K Publications, 1987.","Henry Smals (1810-1892) is listed in the 1850 Rockingham County Census as a shoemaker with real estate value of $1,000 with a wife, Mary, and six children. There is an entry for Henry Smalts in the 1860 census and for Henry Smalls in the 1870 census that gives additional household details. He may also have been a barber sometime during the 1880s (ses Box 3, Folder 4). His surname appears as a variation of Smalz and Smaltz as well.","The collection of diaries was first presented to George M. Hanger by Smals' grandson, Gal Miller, in 1910. The diaries were then given to George P. Furry in 1920, Edwina Furry in 1970, and Dorothy Merriefield in 1983.","The diaries appear to have been rebound, perhaps several times, and some volumes have sections in them that are not in chronological order. In some places the ink has faded to illegibility. In the fall of 2002 and 2003, Peggy Dillard and Ken Hinkle respectively created partial indices for the Smals diaries. The entries transcribed as part of these partial indices are included under each diary's scope and content note.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 2059.","The Henry Smals Papers, 1871-1891, consist of three boxes containing eighteen volumes of diaries written by Henry Smals of Bridgewater, Virginia. The topics of diary entries are brief outlining day-to-day activities. There are mentions of acquaintances that are ill, various business transactions conducted in town, the movement of livestock, and hay through town, ongoing town projects, church activities, marriages, births, deaths, and other details of town life. The activities of \"colored people\" are occasionally noted. Throughout the diaries, Smals made small drawings of people and animals and added illustrations clipped from newspapers. A folder, located in Box 3, contains printed copies of a partial index and a list of highlights for most volumes as well as an ad for \"Henry Smals, Fashionable Barber! 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For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk. (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection is on deposit from the Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Shoemakers -- Virginia -- Biography","African Americans -- Virginia -- History -- 19th century","Shoemakers -- Virginia -- History -- 19th century","Diaries","Weather diaries"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Shoemakers -- Virginia -- Biography","African Americans -- Virginia -- History -- 19th century","Shoemakers -- Virginia -- History -- 19th century","Diaries","Weather diaries"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.7 cubic feet 3 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.7 cubic feet 3 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Diaries","Weather diaries"],"date_range_isim":[1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe diaries are arranged chronologically where possible, but due to variations in size are physically housed as follows in the Contents List. Volume 14 is filed in a separate container.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The diaries are arranged chronologically where possible, but due to variations in size are physically housed as follows in the Contents List. Volume 14 is filed in a separate container."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eUnited States Census Office, 7th census. 1850 U.S. Census, Rockingham County, Virginia. Wichita, Ks.: S-K Publications, 1987.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["United States Census Office, 7th census. 1850 U.S. Census, Rockingham County, Virginia. Wichita, Ks.: S-K Publications, 1987."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenry Smals (1810-1892) is listed in the 1850 Rockingham County Census as a shoemaker with real estate value of $1,000 with a wife, Mary, and six children. There is an entry for Henry Smalts in the 1860 census and for Henry Smalls in the 1870 census that gives additional household details. He may also have been a barber sometime during the 1880s (ses Box 3, Folder 4). His surname appears as a variation of Smalz and Smaltz as well.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Henry Smals (1810-1892) is listed in the 1850 Rockingham County Census as a shoemaker with real estate value of $1,000 with a wife, Mary, and six children. There is an entry for Henry Smalts in the 1860 census and for Henry Smalls in the 1870 census that gives additional household details. He may also have been a barber sometime during the 1880s (ses Box 3, Folder 4). His surname appears as a variation of Smalz and Smaltz as well."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection of diaries was first presented to George M. Hanger by Smals' grandson, Gal Miller, in 1910. The diaries were then given to George P. 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In some places the ink has faded to illegibility. In the fall of 2002 and 2003, Peggy Dillard and Ken Hinkle respectively created partial indices for the Smals diaries. The entries transcribed as part of these partial indices are included under each diary's scope and content note. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThis collection was previously cataloged as SC 2059\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Notes"],"processinfo_tesim":["The diaries appear to have been rebound, perhaps several times, and some volumes have sections in them that are not in chronological order. In some places the ink has faded to illegibility. In the fall of 2002 and 2003, Peggy Dillard and Ken Hinkle respectively created partial indices for the Smals diaries. The entries transcribed as part of these partial indices are included under each diary's scope and content note.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in the spring of 2017. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 2059."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Henry Smals Papers, 1871-1891, consist of three boxes containing eighteen volumes of diaries written by Henry Smals of Bridgewater, Virginia. The topics of diary entries are brief outlining day-to-day activities. There are mentions of acquaintances that are ill, various business transactions conducted in town, the movement of livestock, and hay through town, ongoing town projects, church activities, marriages, births, deaths, and other details of town life. The activities of \"colored people\" are occasionally noted. Throughout the diaries, Smals made small drawings of people and animals and added illustrations clipped from newspapers. A folder, located in Box 3, contains printed copies of a partial index and a list of highlights for most volumes as well as an ad for \"Henry Smals, Fashionable Barber! Main Street, Bridgewater, Va.\"\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Henry Smals Papers, 1871-1891, consist of three boxes containing eighteen volumes of diaries written by Henry Smals of Bridgewater, Virginia. The topics of diary entries are brief outlining day-to-day activities. There are mentions of acquaintances that are ill, various business transactions conducted in town, the movement of livestock, and hay through town, ongoing town projects, church activities, marriages, births, deaths, and other details of town life. The activities of \"colored people\" are occasionally noted. Throughout the diaries, Smals made small drawings of people and animals and added illustrations clipped from newspapers. A folder, located in Box 3, contains printed copies of a partial index and a list of highlights for most volumes as well as an ad for \"Henry Smals, Fashionable Barber! Main Street, Bridgewater, Va.\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk. (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk. (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8d4b0f6af460a047d246ff4686ce4549\"\u003eThe Henry Smals Diaries, 1871-1891, consist of three boxes containing eighteen volumes of diaries written by Henry Smals of Bridgewater, Virginia. The topics of diary entries are brief outlining day-to-day activities. A folder, located in Box 3, contains a partial index and a list of highlights for most volumes as well as an ad for \"Henry Smals, Fashionable Barber! Main Street, Bridgewater, Va.\"\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Henry Smals Diaries, 1871-1891, consist of three boxes containing eighteen volumes of diaries written by Henry Smals of Bridgewater, Virginia. The topics of diary entries are brief outlining day-to-day activities. A folder, located in Box 3, contains a partial index and a list of highlights for most volumes as well as an ad for \"Henry Smals, Fashionable Barber! Main Street, Bridgewater, Va.\""],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society"],"names_coll_ssim":["Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society","Smalls family","Smals, Henry, 1810-1892"],"famname_ssim":["Smalls family"],"persname_ssim":["Smals, Henry, 1810-1892","Hotchkiss, Jedediah, 1828-1899"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society","Smalls family","Smals, Henry, 1810-1892","Hotchkiss, Jedediah, 1828-1899"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content 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