{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=diaries\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1977","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=diaries\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1977\u0026page=1"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":4,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_996","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Petra Vogt papers","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_996#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Vogt, Petra","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_996#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains journals, artworks, correspondence, and photographs that illuminate the life and work of Petra Vogt, a poet, actress, artist, and model, known for her involvement with the Living Theatre, Ira Cohen, and the Bardo Matrix Press during the 1960s and 1970s. Of particular interest are thirty-four journals, chiefly by Petra Vogt, with poetry, prose works, diary entries, and intricate rapidograph drawings along with collage, paintings, and other artworks within; about 150 artworks by Vogt, as well as handmade books of Ira Cohen's photographs and collage, 850 photographs by Ira Cohen, including those from his Mylar photography series and 60 pieces of correspondence and post cards addressed to Vogt and Cohen.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_996#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_996","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_996","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_996","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_996","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_996.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/120842","title_filing_ssi":"Vogt, Petra, papers","title_ssm":["Petra Vogt papers"],"title_tesim":["Petra Vogt papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1966-1978"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1966-1978"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS .16480","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/996"],"text":["MSS .16480","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/996","Petra Vogt papers","Living Theatre (New York, N.Y.)","Kathmandu (Nepal)","Spirituality--Hinduism","Spirituality--Buddhism","Bardo Matrix (Firm)","Counterculture","Photographers","collage","small presses","hippies","prints","poetry","Black-and-white photographs","drawings (visual works)","diaries","Good. Collection apparently stored in a basement but no active mold. Some oversize materials were folded but these have been put in oversize folders or boxes and a few had preservation attention. Mylar L-sleeves have been used to protect some fragile materials.","Most of the collection is open for research. The single exception is a bank book for an account owned by Petra Vogt.","The bank book belonging to Petra Vogt, 1977-1978, has been removed and restricted until her death. It has been placed in the control folder for this collection in a sealed envelope. The bank book is from the Bayerische Hypotheken- und Wechsel-Bank (short form: Hypo-Bank). ","Materials arrived organized by the dealer into the following four series and additional subseries: Series I. Correspondence; Series II. Petra Vogt files; Subseries II.1 Notebooks; Subseries II.2 Artworks and artist files; Subseries II.3 Collage files Series III. Ira Cohen and Bardo Matrix; Subseries III.1 Ira Cohen materials; Subseries III.2 Bardo Matrix publications; Subseries III.3 Flyers, ephemera, broadsides; Series IV Photographs.","This arrangement has been simplified into three series, 1) Volumes, Journals and Notebooks, chiefly by Petra Vogt; 2) Correspondence, Artwork and Topical Files; and 3) Photographs, chiefly by Ira Cohen. These series contain oversize materials that have been placed in more appropriate containers but are listed in the appropriate series.","Much of this biographical and historical information was taken from the dealer description of the collection. ","Petra Vogt was born in Berlin, Germany, in 1943, during a particularly devastating year of World War Two airstrikes on the city. She took acting classes in Munich and then returned to Berlin, where she saw The Living Theatre for the first time and decided to join the group in 1962. She traveled and performed extensively with The Living Theatre, including in the performance, \"Paradise Now.\" She met Ira Cohen at its New Haven show (phone conversation between Ira Cohen and Carey Loren, which was transcribed on \"Blastitude, Eternity Blast Special,\" no. 13. August 2002). ","In 1971, Vogt and Cohen finally landed in Kathmandu, after extensive traveling through Morocco, Tunisia, Afghanistan, and India. Living in Kathmandu from around 1972 to 1978, Vogt was an artistic, photographic, and social muse to partner Cohen, as well as Nepali hippies including Jimmy Thapa and Trilochan Shrestha.  While in Nepal, she produced numerous notebooks of poetry, diaries, and artworks, while illustrating Bardo Matrix Starstreams publications, as well as Cohen's work, including \"Poems from the Cosmic Crypt.\"","While Vogt is peripherally featured in the archives of Ira Cohen, Angus MacLise, Dana Young, and other Bardo Matrix collaborators, her own contributions to this important facet of the countercultural poetics scene are significantly understudied. While Mark Liechty's \"Far Out: Countercultural Seekers and the Tourist Encounter in Nepal\" (University of Chicago Press, 2017), acknowledges her centrality to the scene and describes her role in organizing events, performances, and generally contributing to the dramatically-dressed scene in Kathmandu, no further articles or monographs solidify the contributions of her writings, artworks, or aesthetic. ","During the 1970s, Vogt was known for her foreboding dark outfits and makeup; her aesthetic marks her as an unheralded progenitor of goth style, which began to be codified in music scenes around the same time. Photographs of her from her time in Nepal in the 1970s were featured in a recent Photo Kathmandu festival in 2018. She continues to write and make art under a different name in Germany.  ","Ira Cohen (1935–2011) was a noted poet, publisher, filmmaker, and photographer, known especially for his Mylar photographs, which he created between 1968 and 1971 in New York City. These works were inspired by Jack Smith and Bill Devore's black light experimentation, and required subjects to enter his \"Mylar Chamber,\" a makeshift room comprised of the reflective film, which Cohen would then photograph to produce distorted and psychedelic images of his subjects. ","This produced iconic images that Life magazine in 1969 said captured the \"euphoric distortions of hallucinogenics\" during the countercultural era, with participants such as Jimi Hendrix, William Burroughs, Jack Smith, Brion Gysin, Angus MacLise, Paul Bowles, and Petra Vogt, among many others. These photographs have been exhibited in the 2006 \"Summer of Love\" exhibition organized by the Tate Liverpool and featured at the Whitney Museum, and are the subject of a new book, \"Ira Cohen: Into the Mylar Chamber\" which was published by Fulgar Press in 2019 with text by Ira Cohen, Timothy Baum, Ian MacFadyen, Alice Farley, Ira Landgarten, and Thurston Moore, and edited by Allan Graubard. ","Kathmandu, Nepal, held a vibrant expatriate community of poets, musicians, artists, and spiritual seekers in the 1970s, in large part due to the Bardo Matrix collective — a group that began in Boulder, Colorado as The Experimental Cinema Group, and initially included Angus MacLise, John Chick, Dana Young, and Ira Cohen. Bardo Matrix Press, and especially the Starstreams Poetry Series, created collaborations with Beat and countercultural poets and local artisans to produce books informed by traditional Nepali and Tibetan traditions, sharing new poetic ideas.","Before 1971, when Ira Cohen and Petra Vogt arrived, a small group of expatriates had already become involved making woodblock prints to sell to tourists. Cohen recounts the presence of Ian Alsop, Francis Brooks, and Simon White, who \"were to play an important role in the development of small press publications by myself, my old friend and comrade, poet-calligrapher, Angus MacLise, and other poets who quickly formed a community in the Kathmandu Valley.\" ","MacLise's work with Piero Heliczer on Dead Language Press, \"making unique books from tree bark or fashioning long horizontal handmade books after the Tibetan or Indian style,\" proved influential: it was Angus who, \"working with local craftsmen and woodblock artists, really began the great rice paper adventure.\" (Ira Cohen, \"The Great Rice Paper Adventure: Kathmandu, 1971–1977.\" New Observations no. 106, May/June 1995. Online at Big Bridge, no. 5.)","In Kathmandu, on so-called \"Freak Street\" or Jhocchen Tole, John Chick opened a bookshop named \"The Spirit Catcher.\" The shop was open around 1972–1979, and provided a weekly forum for poetry readings, music, and community. This shop cemented the centrality of the roles of Vogt, Cohen, Chick, and MacLise in the countercultural community abroad, and became both a tourist and local destination (Prawash Gautam, \"How a used bookstore in Kathmandu's Jhochhen captured the spirit of the hippie movement,\" \"The Kathmandu Post,\" December 18, 2018).","These photographs were originally stored in three binders with descriptions of the contents provided by the dealer. They had been removed from the binders and placed in folders when the processor received them but the order of the contents has been maintained, with the binder numbers.","This collection contains journals, artworks, correspondence, and photographs that illuminate the life and work of Petra Vogt, a poet, actress, artist, and model, known for her involvement with the Living Theatre, Ira Cohen, and the Bardo Matrix Press during the 1960s and 1970s. Of particular interest are thirty-four journals, chiefly by Petra Vogt, with poetry, prose works, diary entries, and intricate rapidograph drawings along with collage, paintings, and other artworks within; about 150 artworks by Vogt, as well as handmade books of Ira Cohen's photographs and collage, 850 photographs by Ira Cohen, including those from his Mylar photography series and 60 pieces of correspondence and post cards addressed to Vogt and Cohen.","The \"Adressen-Telefon\", a small silver address book, with Petra's name inscribed on the front page, contains some addresses in New York, Paris, and Munich, with phone numbers, two calling or business cards, one for Hugo Vogt in Stuttgart, and a snapshot of Petra Vogt, all loose inside the volume. ","\nThe second volume is a small black address book, which includes a handful of addresses and phone numbers of friends, stamped with P. and B. Abele, Stuttgart, Buchenstrasse, with a calling card for Pierre Fabricius and a small snapshot of a trailer with the name \"Tony\" on the back (volumes are numbered 1-2 in dealer description of notebooks).","Volumes include one small black and red snakeskin-patterned address book, with addresses and phone numbers, notes concerning Ira Cohen, calculations, grocery lists, and journalist writings, with a single page dated 1977, and a small black \"addressen\" book with many addresses containing a purple and black drawing on the inside back cover (volumes are numbered 3-4 in dealer description of notebooks).","The small black diary has \"Kwality\" stamped on the cover, and the first entry begins on July 22, 1973, with approximately 133 pages of poems, with some celebrating births and deaths in the community. The volume includes detailed dated diary entries, including discussions of how Petra Vogt prepared for photography sessions, as well as collages that accompany writings, artworks, and small portions of an unidentified script. It also includes autograph writings by Ira Cohen in the beginning, as well as a lock of Petra Vogt's hair tied with purple thread (volume is numbered 8 in dealer description of notebooks).","The other volume is one thin diary  with brown wrappers covering the period from September through November 1973, with a multi-page essay on \"meta darkness\" and the qualities and rights of the counterculture generation, hand-colored and inscribed back pages in purple ink, illustrations, and writings about or a prayer to Chandeen (item is numbered 6 in dealer description of notebooks).","The diaries include one small thick black cloth diary/calendar, with frequent journal entries for January 1974 (numbered 5 in dealer description of notebooks)and an undated small handmade diary covered in silver paper, with about forty pages of poetry and small colored artworks (numbered 7 in dealer description of notebooks).","\nThe third diary is a notebook, February-March, 1974?, with lined pages and no cover, containing approximately sixteen pages of poetry, including drawings. This volume also contains a transcription of a poem, \"Light Breaks Where No Sun Shines\" by Dylan Thomas (numbered 13 in dealer description of notebooks).","The black sketchbook contains approximately 36 pages of highly detailed rapidograph drawings with watercolor and collage. It also includes an autograph poem \"XZAN,\" signed by Ira Cohen, with his glyph, and a signed sketch for Petra Vogt by Dana Young laid in, with the title \"Stolen Pen? Drawing for Petra\" (numbered 9 in dealer description of notebooks).","The notebook consisting of a black wrapper has loose collaging materials laid in, which includes gold and other colored papers, clippings, drawings, photographs, tarot cards, and a blank postcard (item numbered 14 in dealer description of notebooks).","The small handmade art journal or diary in lokta paper wrappers has a collaged cover of flowers and additional lokta papers. It matches a larger book version in Oversize Folder 8. The volume contains preparations for collages, with a few collages laid in, and is stamped throughout with the Bardo Matrix woodcut of a swan that also appears in the Bardo Matrix ephemera folders (item is numbered 10 in the dealer description of notebooks).","The small journal in brown paper wrappers, printed for the 1976 calendar year, contains extensive prose and poetic reflections, pen and ink drawings, collages, along with names and addresses. Laid in, there is a prescription for Gelonida (a painkiller), a bank withdrawal slip, a business card, and clippings from comics. There are approximately 56 pages of top-to-bottom text and artwork (numbered 11 in dealer description of notebooks).","The journal has red cloth over paper wrappers, with entries dating 1977 to 1979, with extensive addresses, phone numbers and names noted (including Ira Cohen). The handwriting in this journal is not Petra Vogt's.","The journal was likely kept by a person named John who was staying with Paul Gyss and possibly Petra Vogt at some point. The person writes diaristic details, with a few poems, and includes reflections about drug use, Ted Clarke, Jimmy Shelling, Paul Gyss, George [Andrews?], Maggie, and others, as well as details about travels in Goa, India, Kathmandu, and Pokara (Pokhara?), Nepal. ","The author turned 37 on August 1, 1979, writing \"unless I O.D. or walk into the river tonight\". Though not Petra Vogt's, this is an important item in fleshing out the daily life in Kathmandu (numbered 12 in dealer description of notebooks).","The notebook has a gold foil cover and a black fleur-de-lis pattern and was likely used as a music study book, with approximately six leaves of musical annotations (likely traditional music from Nepal), and two loose photographs of unidentified musicians (numbered 15 in dealer description of notebooks).","Most of the handwriting in the volume is not Petra Vogt's, except for four pages of drawings and an autograph poem with \"July 1974\" dated at the top of the page. The diary is in black plastic wrappers, with 81 leaves of poetry in purple, black and green ink, generally fair copies of work. Two poems are dedicated to Petra Vogt, \"To the Friend\" and \"Homecoming.\" One poem \"Eros\" is possibly by Petra Vogt but is in the handwriting of another author. The author of most of the poetry may be named \"Arione\" (numbered 18 in the dealer description of notebooks).","The diary in black paper wrappers includes ten pages of translation practice and three pages of drawings (likely not by Petra Vogt). Formerly laid in are two items, a typed or printed sheet on handling grave sorrow and a mimeographed dramatic script of Elektra in German, in five leaves, with holograph annotations which are currently placed in the back of the folder (numbered 19 in dealer description of notebooks).","This thick journal is highly annotated, beginning in August 1978, with daily writings on spiritual work, illustrations, collages, poetry, other writings and photographs with some of the items laid in. One of the drawings has been removed, put in mylar and placed in the back of the folder (numbered 16 in dealer description of notebooks).","This thick journal has lace and printed script reading \"Petra Vogt\" on the inside cover. This is one of the most heavily annotated and collaged items of the series, containing references to the \"Black Ashram,\" notes on Gregory Corso, a holograph poem by Roberto Francisco Valenza (a Bardo Matrix author) which is illustrated by Petra Vogt, an autograph poem by Iris [Gaynor] (another Bardo Matrix author), autograph poems by Ira Cohen, and autograph poems by others.","It contains lengthy journal entries, extending over multiple pages, an anguished draft of a letter about love, leaving, knowledge, and truth. It also includes poetry, songs and lyrics, collages, original artworks, and other writings. The journal begins on September 30, 1976 (numbered 17 in dealer description of notebooks).","The lined notebook was formerly laid in a black zippered notebook in poor condition. It includes both musical notations and songs with titles (numbered 20 in dealer description of notebooks).","There are several loose items with the notebook placed in an insert in the back of the folder.","The notebook is blank except for a single poem, possibly in the hand of Ira Cohen\n(item numbered 21 in dealer description of notebooks).","The notebook pages are bound together with a kettle-stitched binding and includes about fourteen pages of watercolor and black ink drawings, some accompanied by poetry. Some printed items are laid in for use in collages (numbered 22 in dealer description of notebooks).","This thick art book has a silver cover with reflective gems and stamped filigree. The book contains silver collaging papers from a variety of sources, with a few collages on reflective black-painted paper, that include a small photograph of Ira Cohen and Petra Vogt and a larger one of a skull figure. It also contains a short autograph note on a greeting card from Victoria to Ira Cohen and Petra Vogt, dated December 18, 1974.","The book includes silver collaging paper, blank paper, post cards and other material for illustrations laid in the book. The folder of excess silver sheets was laid in as material intended for these artworks. All loose items have been removed from the book and placed in a second and third folder. The third folder contains pages of Nepali script which have delicate sheets of silver gilt between them (numbered 23 in dealer description of notebooks).","The book includes ten heavily illustrated ink drawings with a rapidograph pen, paint, and collage (numbered 24 in dealer description of notebooks).","The journal includes twenty-five pages, mostly of writing, with pen and ink drawings, and collages, which mentions Anjuna, Goa, India and the year 1975 (numbered 25 in dealer description of notebooks).","The journal has a black lokta paper cover with colored ink decoration. The volume contains an eight-page poem illustrated in pen and ink and collage, possibly titled \"Think Galactic or Your World is Lost\" (numbered 26 in dealer description of notebooks).","The diary mentions \"Black Ashram Publications\" in a drawing, perhaps as a possible idea for a press by Petra Vogt. It includes diary entries, other writings, titled poems, photographs, drawings, and purple, black, and silver artwork throughout the diary (numbered 27 in dealer description of notebooks).","The volume has a comic-based collage on a paper cover. The item includes about thirty-one pages of photographs, hand drawn illustrations, generally with comics-derived collages on recto or verso, and writing in pen accompanying it. ","It also contains poems, including a few in a hand other than Petra Vogt's. There are many entries in short succession, with the entirety of the journal occurring between September 26 and October 28, 1972. ","They include references to Bill and Charles [Henry], daily routines, as well as a description of the \"Blood Feast\" (likely Dashain, celebrated in the Hindu religion at approximately this time of year). It has three loose sheets laid in (numbered 28 in dealer description of notebooks).","The cover of the notebook is illustrated by Petra Vogt with a black, grey, and white spectral figure. This forty-four page volume begins with an entry dated February 1973, and features poetry and diaristic entries accompanied by collage, photographs and rapidograph illustrations throughout. ","One of the most richly and creatively designed of the notebooks, which includes multi-page works and completed, titled poems. On the inside back cover, notes specify Dr. P.H. Martin transparent watercolors, likely used in Petra Vogt's work: \"Cherise, Prussian Blue, Red, Cadmium Orange\" (numbered 29 in dealer description of notebooks).","The sketchbook includes a few pencil sketches and watercolor paintings, some of which may be by a friend (numbered 30 in dealer description of notebooks).","The sketchbook is made from two folio structures sewn together and includes a few texts, hand drawn illustrations, watercolor paintings, and rapidograph art (numbered 31 in dealer description of notebooks).","It includes pen and ink drawings and handwritten notes (numbered 32 in dealer description of notebooks).","The sketchbook has a collage of a colored mountain scene, made with handmade paper, on the front. It includes calligraphic works, evocative of Sanskrit writing. (numbered 33 in dealer description of notebooks).","The large handmade portfolio contains individual journal entries, artwork, poems, and collages (Series 2.1 in dealer description).","The large folder of handmade paper contains circa 110 leaves and consists mostly of writings, with collage and artwork at times. The leaves are made of various types of paper and the portfolio contains collage work (including material likely related to a handmade photography book, with purple tissue paper), poetry, and journal entries. They are arranged mostly by date, without a year, excepting a grouping of September-October 1972 entries.","The portfolio (10 ¾ x 14) contains this poem:","This grand show is eternal \nIt is always sunrise somewhere \nThe dew is never all dried at once \nA shower is forever falling \nVapor is ever rising \nEternal sunrise eternal sunset \nEternal dawn and gloaming \nOn sea and contents and islands \nEach in its turn \nAs the round earth rolls.","Also present is a handwritten copy of Gerald Manley Hopkins' poem \"Spelt from Sybil's Leaves.\" Other poems include \"Skull Music\" inscribed to Petra, dated January 2, 1973, and other untitled and undated poems.","A handmade black lokta portfolio contains around 26 large artworks, including rapidograph pen and ink drawings, color paintings, pen and white gouache artworks on black paper, and mixed media. Housed in a 23.5 x 17 inch black lokta folder (Series 2.2 in dealer description). Also present is a printed copy of the 1974-1975 \"Phenonemon Calendar\" by A.T. Mann and a printed astrological chart.","This portfolio contains about thirty pieces of artwork, a few inscribed by Petra Vogt, including medium oversize mixed media paintings and drawings, some rapidograph pen and ink drawings, and pen and white gouache artworks on black paper (Series 2.2 in dealer description).","This portfolio includes artwork, collage material, a birth horoscope, watercolors, poetry, white gouache artworks on black paper, a series of printed pictures of mask figures, a separate journal in black lokta paper and other materials related to Petra Vogt's artwork. The separate journal in black lokta paper contains sixteen pages of watercolors and poetry (Series 2.2 in dealer description).","Artwork by others includes an unsigned color pencil drawing of a wizard in a purple robe and an astrology mandala (12 x 12 inches), in pen and ink, on handmade paper, painted with an inscription to Petra Vogt from Tad (A. T. Mann), 1974 (Series 3.4 in dealer description).","This includes a handmade unused notebook (11.5 ½ x 14 inches) with a flower collage on the cover. Also present is a separate sheet of paper covered in red flowers, which may have been used as a cover for a notebook (Series 3.4 in dealer description).","These items include a printed sheet for \"Way Out\" by Gregory Corso, with cast list (circa 1974); printed sheet, \"on dreamers! / waken or die/\" ; printed sheet with poem and woodcut, \"Forests of eyelids\"; title page and sheet of poem from Paul Bowles' \"Next to Nothing\" (Starsteams Series, 1976).","They include images of Vlad the Impaler; Gandi; a cartoonish dancing frog; an art deco swan; a mouse with a star; letterhead with a double-headed eagle; figures designed by Dana Young; a skull wearing a hat and suit, seated and holding a gun (from \"Poem for La Malinche\"); a Dana Young Egyptian figure; dancing or intertwined skeletons; eagle foot with talons within a circle; traditional Nepali and Tibetan designs; with mandalas, Buddhist and Hindu motifs, Arhat lamas, Tibetan Shiva, scorpion protector, and intricate woodcuts of temples.","This collage features a background of cobras with a photograph of a man and candlesticks in front (framed with glass).","Collage features a woodcut image of a candlestick or cylinder with photograph of Petra Vogt's head at the top and entwined by a snake (framed with glass).","These include an image of a rhinoceros that was used on the cover of the Bardo Matrix Starstreams publication of Gregory Corso, skull art clippings, newspaper clippings, pamphlets, postcards, and photographs.","Folder contains clippings from magazines, newspapers, posters of Hindu deities, various comics, news clippings and other ephemera, most likely used as collage material (Series 2.3 in dealer description).","Correspondence includes a note from S.B.I., postmarked Paris, July 28, 1970, to Vogt in Italy, on the back of a printed Living Theatre notice for \"Paradise Now.\" ","There are two letters on stationery from West Bengal. One dated April 7, 1971, is from Diana, mentioning that she had heard Petra had left Italy and Carol had died. The same letter also informed Petra that Birgit had told her that Petra was currently in Morocco making a movie with Pierre. ","The second letter from West Bengal was from Gunter and Odile, who were in India studying the various aspects of the Indian culture, arts and religion and who urged Petra to travel to India and stay near them, undated but possibly 1971.\n \nOther undated items include a card from Mina in Berkeley, California (?), dated July 19th; a collage note with a photograph of Vogt and a separate photograph of the sender, \"In London… I love you\"; undated poem by Caroline, sent to Petra Vogt \"from the Tent in Rome\"; and an undated note addressed to Petra and Carol from Jimmy.","Correspondence includes an undated postcard and a letter, June 19, from \"Geo\" (George?) addressed to \"Most Precious Fools\"; an undated letter from Ross to Ira, wishing Ira good luck with his new book; and a typed undated letter from Tina and Steve to \"My Lord and Lady,\" with both Petra and Ira possibly then in Chicago. Tina writes that her editor loves her new book and that George has gone back to New Orleans where they all hope to celebrate Mardi Gras with Vogt and Cohen.","Several items dated from September to December, 1974, apparently all sent at one time to Petra in Kathmandu, Nepal, from London, in which Tad discusses his work on astrology and mandalas for a wealthy client, and wonders if she has returned easily to the Eastern fold. Tad also discusses his experiments with a pendulum and sends transcriptions of his psychic flash experiences.","Includes five autograph postcards from Young to Ira Cohen and Petra Vogt, two of them with the inscriptions \"from the alchemical wing\" and \"offering of the opium embryo\". ","There are three postcards with apparent poems by Young, which have been trimmed or cut, possibly by Petra for a collage. ","Also present is one holograph manuscript of a visionary poem on brown paper. Most items are signed only with the star glyph of Dana Young.","Correspondence includes a typed letter written from North Wales, October 22, 1970, asking Petra to visit, an undated note with a drawing of a bird from Peter, and two postcards possibly from Peter, both mentioning Marcia, and one telling Petra they were going to Crete.","This file contains titled poems \"After Arnaut Daniel,\" \"A Story for Spider Woman\" by Jane Falk?, \"Precepts Difficult to Follow\" July 11, 1974, with a snake glyph, and \"For Being There That Sun Day\" by David Elyah, March 21, 1971. Other items include a page of musical lyrics with musical notes and other untitled and undated manuscripts.","The album includes iridescent purple handmade paper wrapper with purple, black and silver leaves. The leaves include photographs of Petra Vogt, Mylar photographs and a variety of posed portraits.","Photographs include Petra Vogt, other people, a painting of Petra Vogt, and a contact sheet of skull figures.","Photographs include mainly black and white photographs, in a variety of sizes, some pictures of Petra Vogt, and other people.","Photographs include Petra Vogt, Hindu traditions, children and women from Kathmandu, a photograph of Band-e-Amir Lake, located in central Afghanistan's Bamiyan province, with poem \"Bandamir!\" on the back, and a copy of a collage of Petra Vogt, Ira Cohen and other items. ","Previously was in a handmade paper envelope (11 ½ x 14 in.) containing ten items. One photograph was inscribed by \"Ram\" to Petra Vogt (Series 3.1 in dealer description).","The photograph of Hindu Cremation Ceremony is a black and white image mounted on a wooden board. Also present in this folder is an empty photographic printing paper box.","Poems include \"Poem to Dragon\" by Yuki Jane, a holograph handmade book poem, in black wrappers with blue thread binding; a handwritten Pome for Ira, \"The Creation of the Fly\" and Pome for Petra, \"Benares Haiku\" on the front and back of the same sheet of paper.","Also present is a handmade holograph booklet in black wrappers on iridescent rice paper, \"Book of Shadow\" by Snake Tongue, with the subtitle \"7 Shadow Poems for Ira Cohen.\" The \"Book of Shadow\" has \"Snake Tongue\" in red ink on the first page, indicating Sagaraya as the possible author.","The two dated postcards, are signed Thomas, July 9, 1966, to a Berlin address and in German, and the second, is signed by Julian Beck? (1925-1985), 1978, hoping that Petra will get well so they can dance together again.","One postcard from 1978, has Ira's glyph and was sent care of Banana Joes, Anjuna, Goa, India, with the print cut-out message \"Flaming Angel Remember that when we walk\" glued on the back. ","An undated postcard was addressed to Petra in Berlin and signed Ira, with his glyph. ","The third postcard was written to Petra from Allahabad, India, where Ira describes his journey there, \"poetry to come later I hope\" (January 7, 1977).","Correspondents with their locations include a writer from Los Angeles, California, December 12, 1973, who left books for Ira Cohen at their old neighbors' place, plans on going to Tucson to watch the comet and plans to return to India to live in the mountains in around six months; and \"M.\" who wrote Ira Cohen from Amsterdam, \"our minds keep crossing each other\" (January 22, 1975). ","Marjory Kephart writes from Frankfurt, Germany, to Ira and Petra, reflecting on her time with them in Nepal (June 1, 1975); Chandeen, from Paris, France, to Petra, who calls Petra her \"shadow maker. I walk in your image always dropping silver skulls on the carpets of my mind. No silver monkey skull in suitcase (stolen by customs???).\" Chandeen also mentions Brion [Gysin], Ching and Dui (July 24, 1975). ","There are two postcards from the United States to Ira and Petra, one from Sonja in Hawaii (date unclear but either 1975-1976) and a second from New York City, April 27, 1976, that mentions receiving Ira's \"octopus letter.\"","On one postcard, an unknown correspondent to Ira Cohen, October 26, 1975, writes, \"Dearest Ira, Tonight is last of 25 ceremonies by monks of Gysito Tantric College – end of 6 week European tour. Tomorrow I return to New York City to edit new film I just shot on Tibetan healing. Living Theatre nearly in Venice. Much love to you, and to Petra, and\nto Angus and to Hetty and to all dear friends – I can be reached c/o Shaye, 322 Central Park West, New York City – till March 1975, then probably back to India… for the Lama Dances.\"","\"J.\" sends a postcard from Penang, Malaysia, and promises to send some select choice books to sell in the Spirit Catcher Bookshop (May 3, 1976); a mystical and poetic postcard was sent from Charles and BWK (?), Indonesia, to Ira Cohen (August 25, 1976); postcard from Delhi, India, to Petra and Ira notifying them of their arrival \"from Babylon to Delhi was only a matter of centuries\" and plans to travel to Goa (December 21, 1976). ","An unknown correspondent, on a trimmed down postcard, asked for a copy of Ira Cohen's \"Divan of Petra Vogt\" (1976?). ","Harold Norse, San Francisco, wrote Ira thanking him for his copy of \"Divan of Petra Vogt\" and mentions \"collecting a 164 page book of my gay poems 1941-1976 to be published by Gay Sunshine Press, Spring 77: (Panic Ritual)\" (October 27, 1976). ","Others include: a brief postcard sent to Petra and Ira from Pakistan (March 17, 1977); a postcard from Carlos Vishusnath described his travels in India and was sent in care of the Shrestra Lodge, Jochentole, Kathmandu (September 20, 1973?); and Narada to Petra Vogt, hoped to see her soon (undated).","Jerry and Anne wrote from Samos, Greece, about their plans to visit Turkey (August 9, 1978); undated and unsigned card sent to Ira and Petra, \"Bird of Paradise… sing to her… of the day… when the Tree of Knowledge shall once more burst forth with – the – Forbidden Fruit – A.\"; and a postcard from Austria written in German was sent to Petra in 1979? by Haus.","Includes cards from Jury about Ira and Petra coming to Paris (undated); Paul in Bali on the back of a photograph of a statue of religious figure (1976); photograph of Petra Vogt and a portrait, with the inscription \"Lord + Lady 'N' see '73 in quietly converging\"; and from Fredo, Bali, to Steve Mittenthal, care of Dinsha Sanjana, Bombay, India.","Also includes a postcard from \"M.\" in Milton, Massachusetts, October 23; undated postcard to Petra in green ink, written in poetic form; empty envelope from Mallorca, Spain addressed to Petra Vogt, care of Ira Cohen, New York City; and a postcard from Marcia, September 1, 1971, mentioning being thrown out of Plas by Peter.","Item described as \"a few opening lines from an eleven-hundred-page work in progress.\"","Contains printed material in the possession of Petra Vogt, including the following list:","\"A Short Synopsis of Devayana,\" by Dr. Hajari. Printed at Sri Aurobindo Ashram. Pondicherry, India, 1962. Stamped with Spirit Catcher Books insignia, 1975. (7 ½ x 10 in.)","\"Guide to Learning Nepali\" (in Nepali), in paper wrappers with illustrations. (5 ½ x 8 in.)","\"Nepal: A Miscellany,\" by Madhusudan Thakur. Published by Uttam Kunwar at Rooapyan Press, Kathmandu, 1975. Inscribed by author to Petra (\"For Petra with Love, Madhu\"). In paper wrappers, with PV's notes on back cover. (5 x 8 ½ in.)","\"Nepal.\" Published by His Majesty's Government of Nepal, Ministry of Industry and Commerce, Department of Tourism, Kathmandu, Nepal, and printed at Glasgow Printing Co. Pvt. Ltd. in Howrah, India., 1974. Tourist guide in red boards. Used for pressing flowers and Petra Vogt's collages and paintings, given inside front and back covers. (7 x 9 ½ in.)","\"Pokhara Valley: Nepal.\" Tourist brochure. Published by His Majesty's Government of Nepal, Ministry of Industry and Commerce, Department of Tourism, Kathmandu, Nepal, and printed at Glasgow Printing Co. Pvt. Ltd. in Howrah, India, 1974. (4 x 9 in.)","\"Patan, Nepal: The City of Fine Arts.\" Tourist brochure with map of city. Published by His Majesty's Government of Nepal, Ministry of Industry and Commerce, Department of Tourism, Kathmandu, Nepal, and printed at Jore Ganesh Press Pvt. Ltd. in Kathmandu, Apr. 1974.","Item was used for collages by Petra Vogt, with additional collage material laid in. \"A visual inventory of inspiration for Petra Vogt\" according to the dealer (Series 2.3 in dealer description).","The tarot deck was probably used in collage work. The back of most cards were treated with a glossy black paint and some have been used for other projects elsewhere in the collection. ","Also present are a few silver prints on black paper, collages, and cards from different tarot decks, either in print pages at the back of the folder or in a white insert.","Broadside poem begins \"And again you will be gone.\" The poem is printed on handmade Nepalese lokta paper by Ira Cohen, designed and illustrated by Sidney Hushour (13 x 20 inches).","These are Bardo Matrix woodblock prints of the Silver Surfer and the Vision, Marvel Comics superheroes, used by Ira Cohen as poetic inspiration for his \"7 Marvels\" poetry publication. Cohen had a Tibetan woodblock artist prepare woodblocks for use in this publication. ","These items include small reference clippings (art by Jack Kirby), the Vision character printed on orange silk cloth (9 x 12 inches) and lokta paper, the Silver Surfer printed on lokta paper and two additional woodcuts on lokta paper using Silver Surfer references (Series 3.3 in dealer description).","These woodblock prints include an alchemical figure, a portfolio with mandalas, and traditional Nepali and Tibetan motifs, such as Buddha riding a horse upon a cloud and a tree with a demon-like figure. ","There are also prints of several structures or buildings in Kathmandu, Nepal, including the pagoda Panchamukhi Hanuman, Hanuman Dhoka (gateway to the area of the complex of Royal Palace structures), Darbar Square, and Kathe Swayambhu, Naghal (a Buddhist shrine). ","The woodblock of the Buddha riding a horse upon a cloud has a certificate on the back acknowledging a financial donation from Petra Vogt for building a Temple-Monastery and center of meditation signed by Karma Samde Drolma (?), issued in October 1972.","These large woodblock prints include two woodblock prints inscribed with holograph poems by Petra Vogt, one on a Bardo Matrix print (Series 2.2 in dealer description); several large mandala in pen and ink on handmade paper. (Series 3.4 in dealer description). ","Others include a large woodblock print of an Egyptian figure, King Tutankhamun, on pink lokta paper; a motif of Buddha on a lion (in Buddhism, lions are symbolic of the Bodhisattvas); a handwritten birth horoscope on dark pink paper for someone born on October 15, 1947, in Jamshedpur, India; and dancing or intertwined skeletons. ","Many of the photographs are those of Petra Vogt and associates in Kathmandu, Nepal, and most are attributed to Ira Cohen during his time there in the 1970's.","This section consists of about 150 photographs, chiefly black and white, with a few color snapshots, of varying sizes, most 3.5 x 5.5 inches or smaller. Contains a staged group photographic shoot with sword props and costumes; another staged photographic shoot of Petra Vogt in thick black lipstick with another model; various photographic shoots of Vogt in dramatic eye makeup, wigs, headdresses, costumes, and with props including skulls, sculptures, and other items. ","It also includes Polaroids of Petra in daily household routines, such as eating, sitting in bed, or on the telephone, or with friends. One photograph features a drawing by Petra Vogt on the back. ","Folder contains approximately 76 photographs, chiefly black and white, some of which are likely taken by Ira Cohen.","Most prints are 3.5 x 5.5 inches or smaller. Photographs include Petra Vogt, along with other Kathmandu hippies, including Dana Young, Ira Cohen, Gregg Sharits?, Vidhea Shrestha, Miriam, Roberto Valenza, and others. ","One photograph, which appears to be of Dana Young blindfolded and holding scales, is inscribed on the back: \"For the Khania of Kaloon,\" in Ira Cohen's hand. ","Various other photographs by Ira Cohen, about 21 photographs, include Kathmandu hippies, local Kathmandu people, and local sights. ","The vulture series contains six photographs, 6.25 x 4 inches, including one fragment, which depict vultures in a river, with other animal scavengers. ","There are about 94 \"Mylar style\" photographs by Ira Cohen, consisting of photographed reflections and distortions of other people. These include many photographs of Petra Vogt, as well as others. ","Photographs include one hand-colored Mylar photograph, as well as one color photograph of an unknown model. One photograph is inscribed on the back, \"the ghost of Nijinsky.\" Most are undated but were all taken during Cohen's time in Kathmandu, Nepal in the seventies. ","The scull mask series consists of about seventeen undated images and two small cutouts from photographs of a man in a skull mask, posed with various taxidermied animals, children, Charles Henri Ford, and others from Kathmandu.  ","The Kathmandu photographs by Ira Cohen consist of around 129 photographs, most approximately 5.5 x 3 inches, of people and places around Kathmandu. ","This includes photographs of young boys and girls in traditional Nepali attire, ceremonies and processions, architecture and engravings, skulls, and other scenes.","One photograph of a wooden god guardian on a temple is inscribed on back: \"Hi Harold [Norse], love Ira,\" with Ira Cohen's symbolic signature. ","There are approximately eleven images, including photographs similar to the staged skull mask series, and a few photographs of local Kathmandu residences. See also oversize folder 4.","There are approximately 83 photographs of Petra Vogt in smaller sizes, including a few Mylar photographs, a series with a Nepali child, a few images from a group shoot featured in the first binder, and one color photograph.","There are approximately 58 photographs, including Polaroids, a photograph mounted on silver paper, and color photographs, mostly of Ira Cohen and Petra Vogt together. ","Includes four photographs taken by John Chick, Bardo Matrix co-founder, each inscribed and signed by John Chick.","Includes the following inscriptions: \"Ira Cohen at John's Room, Rose Garden,\" with Bardo Matrix stamp; \"Ira and Petra at Banda. Photo by John\"; \"Ira and Loren Sandlee, Kath Nepal '75\"; and \"I and P '74. Kath, Nepal. Photo by John.\"","Thera are about sixteen photographs of female hippies, featuring Vidhea Shrestha, Petra Vogt, Miriam, and a few posed images on piles of bones. ","A photograph of Vidhea Shrestha inscribed by her: \"Open the door – a crack … / bones would be the ultimate communication / but fruit is at least a catharsis … / see you in a hour …? / Happy 'Scorpio' Day. Much much love: Vidhea.\" Inscription slightly obscured by bookworm damage. ","Another inscribed photograph to \"darling Petra and Ira\" and begins \"Christmas fröhliche\" and is signed by Terez?","There are approximately 118 photographs of the Kathmandu scene, including passport photographs, staged shoots, and pictures of children. Includes Harold Norse, Angus MacLise, Hetty MacLise, Ira Cohen, George [Andrews?], Jimmy [Thapa], Marcia, and other local contributors to the scene.","Includes also: a photograph inscribed by Petra Vogt and Ira Cohen and a photograph of three people (Dana Young and others) inscribed by Ira Cohen, with Dana Young symbol at top: \"The photographer is upside down! For George [Andrews?], from Ira Cohen.\" ","A photograph of young Nepali girl is inscribed \"Isn't she beautifull\" and signed Chaitanya [Upadhya]. ","Two photos of Marcia are inscribed \"For Petra especially\" and \"Marcia in Hollywood.\" There is also a photograph of a woman with a shag haircut, with Petra Vogt's writing on back: the word \"rapidograph\" and other notes in German.","There are many passport photographs including one inscribed \"To Petra: From the waxen wachen … love Loue.\" ","One photograph inscribed \"November 11 / Flash / for Jimmy [Thapa] / with love from Jane [Falk?].\" ","There are approximately seventy photographs documenting her artworks, including material whose originals are included in the archive, as well as other works. ","One photograph contains notes on coloring \"bright orange background red and blue\" (possibly in Ira Cohen's hand), notes in Petra Vogt's hand are on the back of a photograph, and a photograph of her is decorated with silver glitter. ","There are about fourteen assorted photographs, which include photographs of a family with Mick Jagger, Petra Vogt on a boat journey with others in 1974 with descriptions inscribed in blue ink on the back; a photograph of Petra from 1977 dining in a house; a photograph of man with a dog dated 1974; other boating pictures from 1972; and a fragment of a contact sheet.","The bank book belonging to Petra Vogt, 1977-1978, has been removed and restricted until her death. It has been placed in the control folder for this collection in a sealed envelope. The bank book is from the Bayerische Hypotheken- und Wechsel-Bank (short form: Hypo-Bank).","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Bardo Matrix (Firm)","Vogt, Petra","Cohen, Ira","English Nepali German"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS .16480","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/996"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Petra Vogt papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Petra Vogt papers"],"collection_ssim":["Petra Vogt papers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["Living Theatre (New York, N.Y.)","Kathmandu (Nepal)","Spirituality--Hinduism","Spirituality--Buddhism","Bardo Matrix (Firm)"],"geogname_ssim":["Living Theatre (New York, N.Y.)","Kathmandu (Nepal)","Spirituality--Hinduism","Spirituality--Buddhism","Bardo Matrix (Firm)"],"creator_ssm":["Vogt, Petra","Cohen, Ira","Bardo Matrix (Firm)"],"creator_ssim":["Vogt, Petra","Cohen, Ira","Bardo Matrix (Firm)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Vogt, Petra","Cohen, Ira"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Bardo Matrix (Firm)"],"creators_ssim":["Vogt, Petra","Cohen, Ira","Bardo Matrix (Firm)"],"places_ssim":["Living Theatre (New York, N.Y.)","Kathmandu (Nepal)","Spirituality--Hinduism","Spirituality--Buddhism","Bardo Matrix (Firm)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Petra Vogt papers were purchased by the University of Virginia Special Collections Library from Granary Books, Inc. on September 21, 2020."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Counterculture","Photographers","collage","small presses","hippies","prints","poetry","Black-and-white photographs","drawings (visual works)","diaries"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Counterculture","Photographers","collage","small presses","hippies","prints","poetry","Black-and-white photographs","drawings (visual works)","diaries"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["Good. Collection apparently stored in a basement but no active mold. Some oversize materials were folded but these have been put in oversize folders or boxes and a few had preservation attention. Mylar L-sleeves have been used to protect some fragile materials."],"extent_ssm":["4.09 Cubic Feet 5 legal document boxes, 2 letter document boxes, 2 oversize folders (2 x 3 feet and 14 x 18 inches), and 2 oversized boxes."],"extent_tesim":["4.09 Cubic Feet 5 legal document boxes, 2 letter document boxes, 2 oversize folders (2 x 3 feet and 14 x 18 inches), and 2 oversized boxes."],"genreform_ssim":["poetry","Black-and-white photographs","drawings (visual works)","diaries"],"date_range_isim":[1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMost of the collection is open for research. The single exception is a bank book for an account owned by Petra Vogt.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe bank book belonging to Petra Vogt, 1977-1978, has been removed and restricted until her death. It has been placed in the control folder for this collection in a sealed envelope. The bank book is from the Bayerische Hypotheken- und Wechsel-Bank (short form: Hypo-Bank). \u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Most of the collection is open for research. The single exception is a bank book for an account owned by Petra Vogt.","The bank book belonging to Petra Vogt, 1977-1978, has been removed and restricted until her death. It has been placed in the control folder for this collection in a sealed envelope. The bank book is from the Bayerische Hypotheken- und Wechsel-Bank (short form: Hypo-Bank). "],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials arrived organized by the dealer into the following four series and additional subseries: Series I. Correspondence; Series II. Petra Vogt files; Subseries II.1 Notebooks; Subseries II.2 Artworks and artist files; Subseries II.3 Collage files Series III. Ira Cohen and Bardo Matrix; Subseries III.1 Ira Cohen materials; Subseries III.2 Bardo Matrix publications; Subseries III.3 Flyers, ephemera, broadsides; Series IV Photographs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis arrangement has been simplified into three series, 1) Volumes, Journals and Notebooks, chiefly by Petra Vogt; 2) Correspondence, Artwork and Topical Files; and 3) Photographs, chiefly by Ira Cohen. These series contain oversize materials that have been placed in more appropriate containers but are listed in the appropriate series.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Materials arrived organized by the dealer into the following four series and additional subseries: Series I. Correspondence; Series II. Petra Vogt files; Subseries II.1 Notebooks; Subseries II.2 Artworks and artist files; Subseries II.3 Collage files Series III. Ira Cohen and Bardo Matrix; Subseries III.1 Ira Cohen materials; Subseries III.2 Bardo Matrix publications; Subseries III.3 Flyers, ephemera, broadsides; Series IV Photographs.","This arrangement has been simplified into three series, 1) Volumes, Journals and Notebooks, chiefly by Petra Vogt; 2) Correspondence, Artwork and Topical Files; and 3) Photographs, chiefly by Ira Cohen. These series contain oversize materials that have been placed in more appropriate containers but are listed in the appropriate series."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMuch of this biographical and historical information was taken from the dealer description of the collection. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePetra Vogt was born in Berlin, Germany, in 1943, during a particularly devastating year of World War Two airstrikes on the city. She took acting classes in Munich and then returned to Berlin, where she saw The Living Theatre for the first time and decided to join the group in 1962. She traveled and performed extensively with The Living Theatre, including in the performance, \"Paradise Now.\" She met Ira Cohen at its New Haven show (phone conversation between Ira Cohen and Carey Loren, which was transcribed on \"Blastitude, Eternity Blast Special,\" no. 13. August 2002). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1971, Vogt and Cohen finally landed in Kathmandu, after extensive traveling through Morocco, Tunisia, Afghanistan, and India. Living in Kathmandu from around 1972 to 1978, Vogt was an artistic, photographic, and social muse to partner Cohen, as well as Nepali hippies including Jimmy Thapa and Trilochan Shrestha.  While in Nepal, she produced numerous notebooks of poetry, diaries, and artworks, while illustrating Bardo Matrix Starstreams publications, as well as Cohen's work, including \"Poems from the Cosmic Crypt.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile Vogt is peripherally featured in the archives of Ira Cohen, Angus MacLise, Dana Young, and other Bardo Matrix collaborators, her own contributions to this important facet of the countercultural poetics scene are significantly understudied. While Mark Liechty's \"Far Out: Countercultural Seekers and the Tourist Encounter in Nepal\" (University of Chicago Press, 2017), acknowledges her centrality to the scene and describes her role in organizing events, performances, and generally contributing to the dramatically-dressed scene in Kathmandu, no further articles or monographs solidify the contributions of her writings, artworks, or aesthetic. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1970s, Vogt was known for her foreboding dark outfits and makeup; her aesthetic marks her as an unheralded progenitor of goth style, which began to be codified in music scenes around the same time. Photographs of her from her time in Nepal in the 1970s were featured in a recent Photo Kathmandu festival in 2018. She continues to write and make art under a different name in Germany.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIra Cohen (1935–2011) was a noted poet, publisher, filmmaker, and photographer, known especially for his Mylar photographs, which he created between 1968 and 1971 in New York City. These works were inspired by Jack Smith and Bill Devore's black light experimentation, and required subjects to enter his \"Mylar Chamber,\" a makeshift room comprised of the reflective film, which Cohen would then photograph to produce distorted and psychedelic images of his subjects. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis produced iconic images that Life magazine in 1969 said captured the \"euphoric distortions of hallucinogenics\" during the countercultural era, with participants such as Jimi Hendrix, William Burroughs, Jack Smith, Brion Gysin, Angus MacLise, Paul Bowles, and Petra Vogt, among many others. These photographs have been exhibited in the 2006 \"Summer of Love\" exhibition organized by the Tate Liverpool and featured at the Whitney Museum, and are the subject of a new book, \"Ira Cohen: Into the Mylar Chamber\" which was published by Fulgar Press in 2019 with text by Ira Cohen, Timothy Baum, Ian MacFadyen, Alice Farley, Ira Landgarten, and Thurston Moore, and edited by Allan Graubard. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eKathmandu, Nepal, held a vibrant expatriate community of poets, musicians, artists, and spiritual seekers in the 1970s, in large part due to the Bardo Matrix collective — a group that began in Boulder, Colorado as The Experimental Cinema Group, and initially included Angus MacLise, John Chick, Dana Young, and Ira Cohen. Bardo Matrix Press, and especially the Starstreams Poetry Series, created collaborations with Beat and countercultural poets and local artisans to produce books informed by traditional Nepali and Tibetan traditions, sharing new poetic ideas.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBefore 1971, when Ira Cohen and Petra Vogt arrived, a small group of expatriates had already become involved making woodblock prints to sell to tourists. Cohen recounts the presence of Ian Alsop, Francis Brooks, and Simon White, who \"were to play an important role in the development of small press publications by myself, my old friend and comrade, poet-calligrapher, Angus MacLise, and other poets who quickly formed a community in the Kathmandu Valley.\" \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMacLise's work with Piero Heliczer on Dead Language Press, \"making unique books from tree bark or fashioning long horizontal handmade books after the Tibetan or Indian style,\" proved influential: it was Angus who, \"working with local craftsmen and woodblock artists, really began the great rice paper adventure.\" (Ira Cohen, \"The Great Rice Paper Adventure: Kathmandu, 1971–1977.\" New Observations no. 106, May/June 1995. Online at Big Bridge, no. 5.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn Kathmandu, on so-called \"Freak Street\" or Jhocchen Tole, John Chick opened a bookshop named \"The Spirit Catcher.\" The shop was open around 1972–1979, and provided a weekly forum for poetry readings, music, and community. This shop cemented the centrality of the roles of Vogt, Cohen, Chick, and MacLise in the countercultural community abroad, and became both a tourist and local destination (Prawash Gautam, \"How a used bookstore in Kathmandu's Jhochhen captured the spirit of the hippie movement,\" \"The Kathmandu Post,\" December 18, 2018).\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Much of this biographical and historical information was taken from the dealer description of the collection. ","Petra Vogt was born in Berlin, Germany, in 1943, during a particularly devastating year of World War Two airstrikes on the city. She took acting classes in Munich and then returned to Berlin, where she saw The Living Theatre for the first time and decided to join the group in 1962. She traveled and performed extensively with The Living Theatre, including in the performance, \"Paradise Now.\" She met Ira Cohen at its New Haven show (phone conversation between Ira Cohen and Carey Loren, which was transcribed on \"Blastitude, Eternity Blast Special,\" no. 13. August 2002). ","In 1971, Vogt and Cohen finally landed in Kathmandu, after extensive traveling through Morocco, Tunisia, Afghanistan, and India. Living in Kathmandu from around 1972 to 1978, Vogt was an artistic, photographic, and social muse to partner Cohen, as well as Nepali hippies including Jimmy Thapa and Trilochan Shrestha.  While in Nepal, she produced numerous notebooks of poetry, diaries, and artworks, while illustrating Bardo Matrix Starstreams publications, as well as Cohen's work, including \"Poems from the Cosmic Crypt.\"","While Vogt is peripherally featured in the archives of Ira Cohen, Angus MacLise, Dana Young, and other Bardo Matrix collaborators, her own contributions to this important facet of the countercultural poetics scene are significantly understudied. While Mark Liechty's \"Far Out: Countercultural Seekers and the Tourist Encounter in Nepal\" (University of Chicago Press, 2017), acknowledges her centrality to the scene and describes her role in organizing events, performances, and generally contributing to the dramatically-dressed scene in Kathmandu, no further articles or monographs solidify the contributions of her writings, artworks, or aesthetic. ","During the 1970s, Vogt was known for her foreboding dark outfits and makeup; her aesthetic marks her as an unheralded progenitor of goth style, which began to be codified in music scenes around the same time. Photographs of her from her time in Nepal in the 1970s were featured in a recent Photo Kathmandu festival in 2018. She continues to write and make art under a different name in Germany.  ","Ira Cohen (1935–2011) was a noted poet, publisher, filmmaker, and photographer, known especially for his Mylar photographs, which he created between 1968 and 1971 in New York City. These works were inspired by Jack Smith and Bill Devore's black light experimentation, and required subjects to enter his \"Mylar Chamber,\" a makeshift room comprised of the reflective film, which Cohen would then photograph to produce distorted and psychedelic images of his subjects. ","This produced iconic images that Life magazine in 1969 said captured the \"euphoric distortions of hallucinogenics\" during the countercultural era, with participants such as Jimi Hendrix, William Burroughs, Jack Smith, Brion Gysin, Angus MacLise, Paul Bowles, and Petra Vogt, among many others. These photographs have been exhibited in the 2006 \"Summer of Love\" exhibition organized by the Tate Liverpool and featured at the Whitney Museum, and are the subject of a new book, \"Ira Cohen: Into the Mylar Chamber\" which was published by Fulgar Press in 2019 with text by Ira Cohen, Timothy Baum, Ian MacFadyen, Alice Farley, Ira Landgarten, and Thurston Moore, and edited by Allan Graubard. ","Kathmandu, Nepal, held a vibrant expatriate community of poets, musicians, artists, and spiritual seekers in the 1970s, in large part due to the Bardo Matrix collective — a group that began in Boulder, Colorado as The Experimental Cinema Group, and initially included Angus MacLise, John Chick, Dana Young, and Ira Cohen. Bardo Matrix Press, and especially the Starstreams Poetry Series, created collaborations with Beat and countercultural poets and local artisans to produce books informed by traditional Nepali and Tibetan traditions, sharing new poetic ideas.","Before 1971, when Ira Cohen and Petra Vogt arrived, a small group of expatriates had already become involved making woodblock prints to sell to tourists. Cohen recounts the presence of Ian Alsop, Francis Brooks, and Simon White, who \"were to play an important role in the development of small press publications by myself, my old friend and comrade, poet-calligrapher, Angus MacLise, and other poets who quickly formed a community in the Kathmandu Valley.\" ","MacLise's work with Piero Heliczer on Dead Language Press, \"making unique books from tree bark or fashioning long horizontal handmade books after the Tibetan or Indian style,\" proved influential: it was Angus who, \"working with local craftsmen and woodblock artists, really began the great rice paper adventure.\" (Ira Cohen, \"The Great Rice Paper Adventure: Kathmandu, 1971–1977.\" New Observations no. 106, May/June 1995. Online at Big Bridge, no. 5.)","In Kathmandu, on so-called \"Freak Street\" or Jhocchen Tole, John Chick opened a bookshop named \"The Spirit Catcher.\" The shop was open around 1972–1979, and provided a weekly forum for poetry readings, music, and community. This shop cemented the centrality of the roles of Vogt, Cohen, Chick, and MacLise in the countercultural community abroad, and became both a tourist and local destination (Prawash Gautam, \"How a used bookstore in Kathmandu's Jhochhen captured the spirit of the hippie movement,\" \"The Kathmandu Post,\" December 18, 2018)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePetra Vogt papers, MSS 16480, 1966-1978, Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Petra Vogt papers, MSS 16480, 1966-1978, Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThese photographs were originally stored in three binders with descriptions of the contents provided by the dealer. They had been removed from the binders and placed in folders when the processor received them but the order of the contents has been maintained, with the binder numbers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["These photographs were originally stored in three binders with descriptions of the contents provided by the dealer. They had been removed from the binders and placed in folders when the processor received them but the order of the contents has been maintained, with the binder numbers."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains journals, artworks, correspondence, and photographs that illuminate the life and work of Petra Vogt, a poet, actress, artist, and model, known for her involvement with the Living Theatre, Ira Cohen, and the Bardo Matrix Press during the 1960s and 1970s. Of particular interest are thirty-four journals, chiefly by Petra Vogt, with poetry, prose works, diary entries, and intricate rapidograph drawings along with collage, paintings, and other artworks within; about 150 artworks by Vogt, as well as handmade books of Ira Cohen's photographs and collage, 850 photographs by Ira Cohen, including those from his Mylar photography series and 60 pieces of correspondence and post cards addressed to Vogt and Cohen.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \"Adressen-Telefon\", a small silver address book, with Petra's name inscribed on the front page, contains some addresses in New York, Paris, and Munich, with phone numbers, two calling or business cards, one for Hugo Vogt in Stuttgart, and a snapshot of Petra Vogt, all loose inside the volume. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe second volume is a small black address book, which includes a handful of addresses and phone numbers of friends, stamped with P. and B. Abele, Stuttgart, Buchenstrasse, with a calling card for Pierre Fabricius and a small snapshot of a trailer with the name \"Tony\" on the back (volumes are numbered 1-2 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVolumes include one small black and red snakeskin-patterned address book, with addresses and phone numbers, notes concerning Ira Cohen, calculations, grocery lists, and journalist writings, with a single page dated 1977, and a small black \"addressen\" book with many addresses containing a purple and black drawing on the inside back cover (volumes are numbered 3-4 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe small black diary has \"Kwality\" stamped on the cover, and the first entry begins on July 22, 1973, with approximately 133 pages of poems, with some celebrating births and deaths in the community. The volume includes detailed dated diary entries, including discussions of how Petra Vogt prepared for photography sessions, as well as collages that accompany writings, artworks, and small portions of an unidentified script. It also includes autograph writings by Ira Cohen in the beginning, as well as a lock of Petra Vogt's hair tied with purple thread (volume is numbered 8 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe other volume is one thin diary  with brown wrappers covering the period from September through November 1973, with a multi-page essay on \"meta darkness\" and the qualities and rights of the counterculture generation, hand-colored and inscribed back pages in purple ink, illustrations, and writings about or a prayer to Chandeen (item is numbered 6 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe diaries include one small thick black cloth diary/calendar, with frequent journal entries for January 1974 (numbered 5 in dealer description of notebooks)and an undated small handmade diary covered in silver paper, with about forty pages of poetry and small colored artworks (numbered 7 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe third diary is a notebook, February-March, 1974?, with lined pages and no cover, containing approximately sixteen pages of poetry, including drawings. This volume also contains a transcription of a poem, \"Light Breaks Where No Sun Shines\" by Dylan Thomas (numbered 13 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe black sketchbook contains approximately 36 pages of highly detailed rapidograph drawings with watercolor and collage. It also includes an autograph poem \"XZAN,\" signed by Ira Cohen, with his glyph, and a signed sketch for Petra Vogt by Dana Young laid in, with the title \"Stolen Pen? Drawing for Petra\" (numbered 9 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe notebook consisting of a black wrapper has loose collaging materials laid in, which includes gold and other colored papers, clippings, drawings, photographs, tarot cards, and a blank postcard (item numbered 14 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe small handmade art journal or diary in lokta paper wrappers has a collaged cover of flowers and additional lokta papers. It matches a larger book version in Oversize Folder 8. The volume contains preparations for collages, with a few collages laid in, and is stamped throughout with the Bardo Matrix woodcut of a swan that also appears in the Bardo Matrix ephemera folders (item is numbered 10 in the dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe small journal in brown paper wrappers, printed for the 1976 calendar year, contains extensive prose and poetic reflections, pen and ink drawings, collages, along with names and addresses. Laid in, there is a prescription for Gelonida (a painkiller), a bank withdrawal slip, a business card, and clippings from comics. There are approximately 56 pages of top-to-bottom text and artwork (numbered 11 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe journal has red cloth over paper wrappers, with entries dating 1977 to 1979, with extensive addresses, phone numbers and names noted (including Ira Cohen). The handwriting in this journal is not Petra Vogt's.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe journal was likely kept by a person named John who was staying with Paul Gyss and possibly Petra Vogt at some point. The person writes diaristic details, with a few poems, and includes reflections about drug use, Ted Clarke, Jimmy Shelling, Paul Gyss, George [Andrews?], Maggie, and others, as well as details about travels in Goa, India, Kathmandu, and Pokara (Pokhara?), Nepal. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe author turned 37 on August 1, 1979, writing \"unless I O.D. or walk into the river tonight\". Though not Petra Vogt's, this is an important item in fleshing out the daily life in Kathmandu (numbered 12 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe notebook has a gold foil cover and a black fleur-de-lis pattern and was likely used as a music study book, with approximately six leaves of musical annotations (likely traditional music from Nepal), and two loose photographs of unidentified musicians (numbered 15 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMost of the handwriting in the volume is not Petra Vogt's, except for four pages of drawings and an autograph poem with \"July 1974\" dated at the top of the page. The diary is in black plastic wrappers, with 81 leaves of poetry in purple, black and green ink, generally fair copies of work. Two poems are dedicated to Petra Vogt, \"To the Friend\" and \"Homecoming.\" One poem \"Eros\" is possibly by Petra Vogt but is in the handwriting of another author. The author of most of the poetry may be named \"Arione\" (numbered 18 in the dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe diary in black paper wrappers includes ten pages of translation practice and three pages of drawings (likely not by Petra Vogt). Formerly laid in are two items, a typed or printed sheet on handling grave sorrow and a mimeographed dramatic script of Elektra in German, in five leaves, with holograph annotations which are currently placed in the back of the folder (numbered 19 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis thick journal is highly annotated, beginning in August 1978, with daily writings on spiritual work, illustrations, collages, poetry, other writings and photographs with some of the items laid in. One of the drawings has been removed, put in mylar and placed in the back of the folder (numbered 16 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis thick journal has lace and printed script reading \"Petra Vogt\" on the inside cover. This is one of the most heavily annotated and collaged items of the series, containing references to the \"Black Ashram,\" notes on Gregory Corso, a holograph poem by Roberto Francisco Valenza (a Bardo Matrix author) which is illustrated by Petra Vogt, an autograph poem by Iris [Gaynor] (another Bardo Matrix author), autograph poems by Ira Cohen, and autograph poems by others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIt contains lengthy journal entries, extending over multiple pages, an anguished draft of a letter about love, leaving, knowledge, and truth. It also includes poetry, songs and lyrics, collages, original artworks, and other writings. The journal begins on September 30, 1976 (numbered 17 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe lined notebook was formerly laid in a black zippered notebook in poor condition. It includes both musical notations and songs with titles (numbered 20 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are several loose items with the notebook placed in an insert in the back of the folder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe notebook is blank except for a single poem, possibly in the hand of Ira Cohen\n(item numbered 21 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe notebook pages are bound together with a kettle-stitched binding and includes about fourteen pages of watercolor and black ink drawings, some accompanied by poetry. Some printed items are laid in for use in collages (numbered 22 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis thick art book has a silver cover with reflective gems and stamped filigree. The book contains silver collaging papers from a variety of sources, with a few collages on reflective black-painted paper, that include a small photograph of Ira Cohen and Petra Vogt and a larger one of a skull figure. It also contains a short autograph note on a greeting card from Victoria to Ira Cohen and Petra Vogt, dated December 18, 1974.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe book includes silver collaging paper, blank paper, post cards and other material for illustrations laid in the book. The folder of excess silver sheets was laid in as material intended for these artworks. All loose items have been removed from the book and placed in a second and third folder. The third folder contains pages of Nepali script which have delicate sheets of silver gilt between them (numbered 23 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe book includes ten heavily illustrated ink drawings with a rapidograph pen, paint, and collage (numbered 24 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe journal includes twenty-five pages, mostly of writing, with pen and ink drawings, and collages, which mentions Anjuna, Goa, India and the year 1975 (numbered 25 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe journal has a black lokta paper cover with colored ink decoration. The volume contains an eight-page poem illustrated in pen and ink and collage, possibly titled \"Think Galactic or Your World is Lost\" (numbered 26 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe diary mentions \"Black Ashram Publications\" in a drawing, perhaps as a possible idea for a press by Petra Vogt. It includes diary entries, other writings, titled poems, photographs, drawings, and purple, black, and silver artwork throughout the diary (numbered 27 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe volume has a comic-based collage on a paper cover. The item includes about thirty-one pages of photographs, hand drawn illustrations, generally with comics-derived collages on recto or verso, and writing in pen accompanying it. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIt also contains poems, including a few in a hand other than Petra Vogt's. There are many entries in short succession, with the entirety of the journal occurring between September 26 and October 28, 1972. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThey include references to Bill and Charles [Henry], daily routines, as well as a description of the \"Blood Feast\" (likely Dashain, celebrated in the Hindu religion at approximately this time of year). It has three loose sheets laid in (numbered 28 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe cover of the notebook is illustrated by Petra Vogt with a black, grey, and white spectral figure. This forty-four page volume begins with an entry dated February 1973, and features poetry and diaristic entries accompanied by collage, photographs and rapidograph illustrations throughout. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOne of the most richly and creatively designed of the notebooks, which includes multi-page works and completed, titled poems. On the inside back cover, notes specify Dr. P.H. Martin transparent watercolors, likely used in Petra Vogt's work: \"Cherise, Prussian Blue, Red, Cadmium Orange\" (numbered 29 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe sketchbook includes a few pencil sketches and watercolor paintings, some of which may be by a friend (numbered 30 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe sketchbook is made from two folio structures sewn together and includes a few texts, hand drawn illustrations, watercolor paintings, and rapidograph art (numbered 31 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIt includes pen and ink drawings and handwritten notes (numbered 32 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe sketchbook has a collage of a colored mountain scene, made with handmade paper, on the front. It includes calligraphic works, evocative of Sanskrit writing. (numbered 33 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe large handmade portfolio contains individual journal entries, artwork, poems, and collages (Series 2.1 in dealer description).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe large folder of handmade paper contains circa 110 leaves and consists mostly of writings, with collage and artwork at times. The leaves are made of various types of paper and the portfolio contains collage work (including material likely related to a handmade photography book, with purple tissue paper), poetry, and journal entries. They are arranged mostly by date, without a year, excepting a grouping of September-October 1972 entries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe portfolio (10 ¾ x 14) contains this poem:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis grand show is eternal \nIt is always sunrise somewhere \nThe dew is never all dried at once \nA shower is forever falling \nVapor is ever rising \nEternal sunrise eternal sunset \nEternal dawn and gloaming \nOn sea and contents and islands \nEach in its turn \nAs the round earth rolls.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlso present is a handwritten copy of Gerald Manley Hopkins' poem \"Spelt from Sybil's Leaves.\" Other poems include \"Skull Music\" inscribed to Petra, dated January 2, 1973, and other untitled and undated poems.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA handmade black lokta portfolio contains around 26 large artworks, including rapidograph pen and ink drawings, color paintings, pen and white gouache artworks on black paper, and mixed media. Housed in a 23.5 x 17 inch black lokta folder (Series 2.2 in dealer description). Also present is a printed copy of the 1974-1975 \"Phenonemon Calendar\" by A.T. Mann and a printed astrological chart.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis portfolio contains about thirty pieces of artwork, a few inscribed by Petra Vogt, including medium oversize mixed media paintings and drawings, some rapidograph pen and ink drawings, and pen and white gouache artworks on black paper (Series 2.2 in dealer description).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis portfolio includes artwork, collage material, a birth horoscope, watercolors, poetry, white gouache artworks on black paper, a series of printed pictures of mask figures, a separate journal in black lokta paper and other materials related to Petra Vogt's artwork. The separate journal in black lokta paper contains sixteen pages of watercolors and poetry (Series 2.2 in dealer description).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArtwork by others includes an unsigned color pencil drawing of a wizard in a purple robe and an astrology mandala (12 x 12 inches), in pen and ink, on handmade paper, painted with an inscription to Petra Vogt from Tad (A. T. Mann), 1974 (Series 3.4 in dealer description).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis includes a handmade unused notebook (11.5 ½ x 14 inches) with a flower collage on the cover. Also present is a separate sheet of paper covered in red flowers, which may have been used as a cover for a notebook (Series 3.4 in dealer description).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese items include a printed sheet for \"Way Out\" by Gregory Corso, with cast list (circa 1974); printed sheet, \"on dreamers! / waken or die/\" ; printed sheet with poem and woodcut, \"Forests of eyelids\"; title page and sheet of poem from Paul Bowles' \"Next to Nothing\" (Starsteams Series, 1976).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThey include images of Vlad the Impaler; Gandi; a cartoonish dancing frog; an art deco swan; a mouse with a star; letterhead with a double-headed eagle; figures designed by Dana Young; a skull wearing a hat and suit, seated and holding a gun (from \"Poem for La Malinche\"); a Dana Young Egyptian figure; dancing or intertwined skeletons; eagle foot with talons within a circle; traditional Nepali and Tibetan designs; with mandalas, Buddhist and Hindu motifs, Arhat lamas, Tibetan Shiva, scorpion protector, and intricate woodcuts of temples.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collage features a background of cobras with a photograph of a man and candlesticks in front (framed with glass).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCollage features a woodcut image of a candlestick or cylinder with photograph of Petra Vogt's head at the top and entwined by a snake (framed with glass).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese include an image of a rhinoceros that was used on the cover of the Bardo Matrix Starstreams publication of Gregory Corso, skull art clippings, newspaper clippings, pamphlets, postcards, and photographs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder contains clippings from magazines, newspapers, posters of Hindu deities, various comics, news clippings and other ephemera, most likely used as collage material (Series 2.3 in dealer description).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence includes a note from S.B.I., postmarked Paris, July 28, 1970, to Vogt in Italy, on the back of a printed Living Theatre notice for \"Paradise Now.\" \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are two letters on stationery from West Bengal. One dated April 7, 1971, is from Diana, mentioning that she had heard Petra had left Italy and Carol had died. The same letter also informed Petra that Birgit had told her that Petra was currently in Morocco making a movie with Pierre. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe second letter from West Bengal was from Gunter and Odile, who were in India studying the various aspects of the Indian culture, arts and religion and who urged Petra to travel to India and stay near them, undated but possibly 1971.\n \nOther undated items include a card from Mina in Berkeley, California (?), dated July 19th; a collage note with a photograph of Vogt and a separate photograph of the sender, \"In London… I love you\"; undated poem by Caroline, sent to Petra Vogt \"from the Tent in Rome\"; and an undated note addressed to Petra and Carol from Jimmy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence includes an undated postcard and a letter, June 19, from \"Geo\" (George?) addressed to \"Most Precious Fools\"; an undated letter from Ross to Ira, wishing Ira good luck with his new book; and a typed undated letter from Tina and Steve to \"My Lord and Lady,\" with both Petra and Ira possibly then in Chicago. Tina writes that her editor loves her new book and that George has gone back to New Orleans where they all hope to celebrate Mardi Gras with Vogt and Cohen.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeveral items dated from September to December, 1974, apparently all sent at one time to Petra in Kathmandu, Nepal, from London, in which Tad discusses his work on astrology and mandalas for a wealthy client, and wonders if she has returned easily to the Eastern fold. Tad also discusses his experiments with a pendulum and sends transcriptions of his psychic flash experiences.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes five autograph postcards from Young to Ira Cohen and Petra Vogt, two of them with the inscriptions \"from the alchemical wing\" and \"offering of the opium embryo\". \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are three postcards with apparent poems by Young, which have been trimmed or cut, possibly by Petra for a collage. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlso present is one holograph manuscript of a visionary poem on brown paper. Most items are signed only with the star glyph of Dana Young.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence includes a typed letter written from North Wales, October 22, 1970, asking Petra to visit, an undated note with a drawing of a bird from Peter, and two postcards possibly from Peter, both mentioning Marcia, and one telling Petra they were going to Crete.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file contains titled poems \"After Arnaut Daniel,\" \"A Story for Spider Woman\" by Jane Falk?, \"Precepts Difficult to Follow\" July 11, 1974, with a snake glyph, and \"For Being There That Sun Day\" by David Elyah, March 21, 1971. Other items include a page of musical lyrics with musical notes and other untitled and undated manuscripts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe album includes iridescent purple handmade paper wrapper with purple, black and silver leaves. The leaves include photographs of Petra Vogt, Mylar photographs and a variety of posed portraits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs include Petra Vogt, other people, a painting of Petra Vogt, and a contact sheet of skull figures.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs include mainly black and white photographs, in a variety of sizes, some pictures of Petra Vogt, and other people.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs include Petra Vogt, Hindu traditions, children and women from Kathmandu, a photograph of Band-e-Amir Lake, located in central Afghanistan's Bamiyan province, with poem \"Bandamir!\" on the back, and a copy of a collage of Petra Vogt, Ira Cohen and other items. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePreviously was in a handmade paper envelope (11 ½ x 14 in.) containing ten items. One photograph was inscribed by \"Ram\" to Petra Vogt (Series 3.1 in dealer description).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe photograph of Hindu Cremation Ceremony is a black and white image mounted on a wooden board. Also present in this folder is an empty photographic printing paper box.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoems include \"Poem to Dragon\" by Yuki Jane, a holograph handmade book poem, in black wrappers with blue thread binding; a handwritten Pome for Ira, \"The Creation of the Fly\" and Pome for Petra, \"Benares Haiku\" on the front and back of the same sheet of paper.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlso present is a handmade holograph booklet in black wrappers on iridescent rice paper, \"Book of Shadow\" by Snake Tongue, with the subtitle \"7 Shadow Poems for Ira Cohen.\" The \"Book of Shadow\" has \"Snake Tongue\" in red ink on the first page, indicating Sagaraya as the possible author.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe two dated postcards, are signed Thomas, July 9, 1966, to a Berlin address and in German, and the second, is signed by Julian Beck? (1925-1985), 1978, hoping that Petra will get well so they can dance together again.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne postcard from 1978, has Ira's glyph and was sent care of Banana Joes, Anjuna, Goa, India, with the print cut-out message \"Flaming Angel Remember that when we walk\" glued on the back. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAn undated postcard was addressed to Petra in Berlin and signed Ira, with his glyph. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe third postcard was written to Petra from Allahabad, India, where Ira describes his journey there, \"poetry to come later I hope\" (January 7, 1977).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents with their locations include a writer from Los Angeles, California, December 12, 1973, who left books for Ira Cohen at their old neighbors' place, plans on going to Tucson to watch the comet and plans to return to India to live in the mountains in around six months; and \"M.\" who wrote Ira Cohen from Amsterdam, \"our minds keep crossing each other\" (January 22, 1975). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMarjory Kephart writes from Frankfurt, Germany, to Ira and Petra, reflecting on her time with them in Nepal (June 1, 1975); Chandeen, from Paris, France, to Petra, who calls Petra her \"shadow maker. I walk in your image always dropping silver skulls on the carpets of my mind. No silver monkey skull in suitcase (stolen by customs???).\" Chandeen also mentions Brion [Gysin], Ching and Dui (July 24, 1975). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are two postcards from the United States to Ira and Petra, one from Sonja in Hawaii (date unclear but either 1975-1976) and a second from New York City, April 27, 1976, that mentions receiving Ira's \"octopus letter.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn one postcard, an unknown correspondent to Ira Cohen, October 26, 1975, writes, \"Dearest Ira, Tonight is last of 25 ceremonies by monks of Gysito Tantric College – end of 6 week European tour. Tomorrow I return to New York City to edit new film I just shot on Tibetan healing. Living Theatre nearly in Venice. Much love to you, and to Petra, and\nto Angus and to Hetty and to all dear friends – I can be reached c/o Shaye, 322 Central Park West, New York City – till March 1975, then probably back to India… for the Lama Dances.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"J.\" sends a postcard from Penang, Malaysia, and promises to send some select choice books to sell in the Spirit Catcher Bookshop (May 3, 1976); a mystical and poetic postcard was sent from Charles and BWK (?), Indonesia, to Ira Cohen (August 25, 1976); postcard from Delhi, India, to Petra and Ira notifying them of their arrival \"from Babylon to Delhi was only a matter of centuries\" and plans to travel to Goa (December 21, 1976). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn unknown correspondent, on a trimmed down postcard, asked for a copy of Ira Cohen's \"Divan of Petra Vogt\" (1976?). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHarold Norse, San Francisco, wrote Ira thanking him for his copy of \"Divan of Petra Vogt\" and mentions \"collecting a 164 page book of my gay poems 1941-1976 to be published by Gay Sunshine Press, Spring 77: (Panic Ritual)\" (October 27, 1976). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOthers include: a brief postcard sent to Petra and Ira from Pakistan (March 17, 1977); a postcard from Carlos Vishusnath described his travels in India and was sent in care of the Shrestra Lodge, Jochentole, Kathmandu (September 20, 1973?); and Narada to Petra Vogt, hoped to see her soon (undated).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJerry and Anne wrote from Samos, Greece, about their plans to visit Turkey (August 9, 1978); undated and unsigned card sent to Ira and Petra, \"Bird of Paradise… sing to her… of the day… when the Tree of Knowledge shall once more burst forth with – the – Forbidden Fruit – A.\"; and a postcard from Austria written in German was sent to Petra in 1979? by Haus.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes cards from Jury about Ira and Petra coming to Paris (undated); Paul in Bali on the back of a photograph of a statue of religious figure (1976); photograph of Petra Vogt and a portrait, with the inscription \"Lord + Lady 'N' see '73 in quietly converging\"; and from Fredo, Bali, to Steve Mittenthal, care of Dinsha Sanjana, Bombay, India.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlso includes a postcard from \"M.\" in Milton, Massachusetts, October 23; undated postcard to Petra in green ink, written in poetic form; empty envelope from Mallorca, Spain addressed to Petra Vogt, care of Ira Cohen, New York City; and a postcard from Marcia, September 1, 1971, mentioning being thrown out of Plas by Peter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItem described as \"a few opening lines from an eleven-hundred-page work in progress.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains printed material in the possession of Petra Vogt, including the following list:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"A Short Synopsis of Devayana,\" by Dr. Hajari. Printed at Sri Aurobindo Ashram. Pondicherry, India, 1962. Stamped with Spirit Catcher Books insignia, 1975. (7 ½ x 10 in.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Guide to Learning Nepali\" (in Nepali), in paper wrappers with illustrations. (5 ½ x 8 in.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Nepal: A Miscellany,\" by Madhusudan Thakur. Published by Uttam Kunwar at Rooapyan Press, Kathmandu, 1975. Inscribed by author to Petra (\"For Petra with Love, Madhu\"). In paper wrappers, with PV's notes on back cover. (5 x 8 ½ in.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Nepal.\" Published by His Majesty's Government of Nepal, Ministry of Industry and Commerce, Department of Tourism, Kathmandu, Nepal, and printed at Glasgow Printing Co. Pvt. Ltd. in Howrah, India., 1974. Tourist guide in red boards. Used for pressing flowers and Petra Vogt's collages and paintings, given inside front and back covers. (7 x 9 ½ in.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Pokhara Valley: Nepal.\" Tourist brochure. Published by His Majesty's Government of Nepal, Ministry of Industry and Commerce, Department of Tourism, Kathmandu, Nepal, and printed at Glasgow Printing Co. Pvt. Ltd. in Howrah, India, 1974. (4 x 9 in.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Patan, Nepal: The City of Fine Arts.\" Tourist brochure with map of city. Published by His Majesty's Government of Nepal, Ministry of Industry and Commerce, Department of Tourism, Kathmandu, Nepal, and printed at Jore Ganesh Press Pvt. Ltd. in Kathmandu, Apr. 1974.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItem was used for collages by Petra Vogt, with additional collage material laid in. \"A visual inventory of inspiration for Petra Vogt\" according to the dealer (Series 2.3 in dealer description).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe tarot deck was probably used in collage work. The back of most cards were treated with a glossy black paint and some have been used for other projects elsewhere in the collection. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlso present are a few silver prints on black paper, collages, and cards from different tarot decks, either in print pages at the back of the folder or in a white insert.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBroadside poem begins \"And again you will be gone.\" The poem is printed on handmade Nepalese lokta paper by Ira Cohen, designed and illustrated by Sidney Hushour (13 x 20 inches).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese are Bardo Matrix woodblock prints of the Silver Surfer and the Vision, Marvel Comics superheroes, used by Ira Cohen as poetic inspiration for his \"7 Marvels\" poetry publication. Cohen had a Tibetan woodblock artist prepare woodblocks for use in this publication. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThese items include small reference clippings (art by Jack Kirby), the Vision character printed on orange silk cloth (9 x 12 inches) and lokta paper, the Silver Surfer printed on lokta paper and two additional woodcuts on lokta paper using Silver Surfer references (Series 3.3 in dealer description).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese woodblock prints include an alchemical figure, a portfolio with mandalas, and traditional Nepali and Tibetan motifs, such as Buddha riding a horse upon a cloud and a tree with a demon-like figure. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are also prints of several structures or buildings in Kathmandu, Nepal, including the pagoda Panchamukhi Hanuman, Hanuman Dhoka (gateway to the area of the complex of Royal Palace structures), Darbar Square, and Kathe Swayambhu, Naghal (a Buddhist shrine). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe woodblock of the Buddha riding a horse upon a cloud has a certificate on the back acknowledging a financial donation from Petra Vogt for building a Temple-Monastery and center of meditation signed by Karma Samde Drolma (?), issued in October 1972.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese large woodblock prints include two woodblock prints inscribed with holograph poems by Petra Vogt, one on a Bardo Matrix print (Series 2.2 in dealer description); several large mandala in pen and ink on handmade paper. (Series 3.4 in dealer description). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOthers include a large woodblock print of an Egyptian figure, King Tutankhamun, on pink lokta paper; a motif of Buddha on a lion (in Buddhism, lions are symbolic of the Bodhisattvas); a handwritten birth horoscope on dark pink paper for someone born on October 15, 1947, in Jamshedpur, India; and dancing or intertwined skeletons. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMany of the photographs are those of Petra Vogt and associates in Kathmandu, Nepal, and most are attributed to Ira Cohen during his time there in the 1970's.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis section consists of about 150 photographs, chiefly black and white, with a few color snapshots, of varying sizes, most 3.5 x 5.5 inches or smaller. Contains a staged group photographic shoot with sword props and costumes; another staged photographic shoot of Petra Vogt in thick black lipstick with another model; various photographic shoots of Vogt in dramatic eye makeup, wigs, headdresses, costumes, and with props including skulls, sculptures, and other items. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIt also includes Polaroids of Petra in daily household routines, such as eating, sitting in bed, or on the telephone, or with friends. One photograph features a drawing by Petra Vogt on the back. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder contains approximately 76 photographs, chiefly black and white, some of which are likely taken by Ira Cohen.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMost prints are 3.5 x 5.5 inches or smaller. Photographs include Petra Vogt, along with other Kathmandu hippies, including Dana Young, Ira Cohen, Gregg Sharits?, Vidhea Shrestha, Miriam, Roberto Valenza, and others. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOne photograph, which appears to be of Dana Young blindfolded and holding scales, is inscribed on the back: \"For the Khania of Kaloon,\" in Ira Cohen's hand. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eVarious other photographs by Ira Cohen, about 21 photographs, include Kathmandu hippies, local Kathmandu people, and local sights. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe vulture series contains six photographs, 6.25 x 4 inches, including one fragment, which depict vultures in a river, with other animal scavengers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are about 94 \"Mylar style\" photographs by Ira Cohen, consisting of photographed reflections and distortions of other people. These include many photographs of Petra Vogt, as well as others. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs include one hand-colored Mylar photograph, as well as one color photograph of an unknown model. One photograph is inscribed on the back, \"the ghost of Nijinsky.\" Most are undated but were all taken during Cohen's time in Kathmandu, Nepal in the seventies. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe scull mask series consists of about seventeen undated images and two small cutouts from photographs of a man in a skull mask, posed with various taxidermied animals, children, Charles Henri Ford, and others from Kathmandu.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Kathmandu photographs by Ira Cohen consist of around 129 photographs, most approximately 5.5 x 3 inches, of people and places around Kathmandu. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis includes photographs of young boys and girls in traditional Nepali attire, ceremonies and processions, architecture and engravings, skulls, and other scenes.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOne photograph of a wooden god guardian on a temple is inscribed on back: \"Hi Harold [Norse], love Ira,\" with Ira Cohen's symbolic signature. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are approximately eleven images, including photographs similar to the staged skull mask series, and a few photographs of local Kathmandu residences. See also oversize folder 4.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are approximately 83 photographs of Petra Vogt in smaller sizes, including a few Mylar photographs, a series with a Nepali child, a few images from a group shoot featured in the first binder, and one color photograph.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are approximately 58 photographs, including Polaroids, a photograph mounted on silver paper, and color photographs, mostly of Ira Cohen and Petra Vogt together. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIncludes four photographs taken by John Chick, Bardo Matrix co-founder, each inscribed and signed by John Chick.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIncludes the following inscriptions: \"Ira Cohen at John's Room, Rose Garden,\" with Bardo Matrix stamp; \"Ira and Petra at Banda. Photo by John\"; \"Ira and Loren Sandlee, Kath Nepal '75\"; and \"I and P '74. Kath, Nepal. Photo by John.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThera are about sixteen photographs of female hippies, featuring Vidhea Shrestha, Petra Vogt, Miriam, and a few posed images on piles of bones. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA photograph of Vidhea Shrestha inscribed by her: \"Open the door – a crack … / bones would be the ultimate communication / but fruit is at least a catharsis … / see you in a hour …? / Happy 'Scorpio' Day. Much much love: Vidhea.\" Inscription slightly obscured by bookworm damage. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnother inscribed photograph to \"darling Petra and Ira\" and begins \"Christmas fröhliche\" and is signed by Terez?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are approximately 118 photographs of the Kathmandu scene, including passport photographs, staged shoots, and pictures of children. Includes Harold Norse, Angus MacLise, Hetty MacLise, Ira Cohen, George [Andrews?], Jimmy [Thapa], Marcia, and other local contributors to the scene.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIncludes also: a photograph inscribed by Petra Vogt and Ira Cohen and a photograph of three people (Dana Young and others) inscribed by Ira Cohen, with Dana Young symbol at top: \"The photographer is upside down! For George [Andrews?], from Ira Cohen.\" \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA photograph of young Nepali girl is inscribed \"Isn't she beautifull\" and signed Chaitanya [Upadhya]. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTwo photos of Marcia are inscribed \"For Petra especially\" and \"Marcia in Hollywood.\" There is also a photograph of a woman with a shag haircut, with Petra Vogt's writing on back: the word \"rapidograph\" and other notes in German.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are many passport photographs including one inscribed \"To Petra: From the waxen wachen … love Loue.\" \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOne photograph inscribed \"November 11 / Flash / for Jimmy [Thapa] / with love from Jane [Falk?].\" \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are approximately seventy photographs documenting her artworks, including material whose originals are included in the archive, as well as other works. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOne photograph contains notes on coloring \"bright orange background red and blue\" (possibly in Ira Cohen's hand), notes in Petra Vogt's hand are on the back of a photograph, and a photograph of her is decorated with silver glitter. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are about fourteen assorted photographs, which include photographs of a family with Mick Jagger, Petra Vogt on a boat journey with others in 1974 with descriptions inscribed in blue ink on the back; a photograph of Petra from 1977 dining in a house; a photograph of man with a dog dated 1974; other boating pictures from 1972; and a fragment of a contact sheet.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains journals, artworks, correspondence, and photographs that illuminate the life and work of Petra Vogt, a poet, actress, artist, and model, known for her involvement with the Living Theatre, Ira Cohen, and the Bardo Matrix Press during the 1960s and 1970s. Of particular interest are thirty-four journals, chiefly by Petra Vogt, with poetry, prose works, diary entries, and intricate rapidograph drawings along with collage, paintings, and other artworks within; about 150 artworks by Vogt, as well as handmade books of Ira Cohen's photographs and collage, 850 photographs by Ira Cohen, including those from his Mylar photography series and 60 pieces of correspondence and post cards addressed to Vogt and Cohen.","The \"Adressen-Telefon\", a small silver address book, with Petra's name inscribed on the front page, contains some addresses in New York, Paris, and Munich, with phone numbers, two calling or business cards, one for Hugo Vogt in Stuttgart, and a snapshot of Petra Vogt, all loose inside the volume. ","\nThe second volume is a small black address book, which includes a handful of addresses and phone numbers of friends, stamped with P. and B. Abele, Stuttgart, Buchenstrasse, with a calling card for Pierre Fabricius and a small snapshot of a trailer with the name \"Tony\" on the back (volumes are numbered 1-2 in dealer description of notebooks).","Volumes include one small black and red snakeskin-patterned address book, with addresses and phone numbers, notes concerning Ira Cohen, calculations, grocery lists, and journalist writings, with a single page dated 1977, and a small black \"addressen\" book with many addresses containing a purple and black drawing on the inside back cover (volumes are numbered 3-4 in dealer description of notebooks).","The small black diary has \"Kwality\" stamped on the cover, and the first entry begins on July 22, 1973, with approximately 133 pages of poems, with some celebrating births and deaths in the community. The volume includes detailed dated diary entries, including discussions of how Petra Vogt prepared for photography sessions, as well as collages that accompany writings, artworks, and small portions of an unidentified script. It also includes autograph writings by Ira Cohen in the beginning, as well as a lock of Petra Vogt's hair tied with purple thread (volume is numbered 8 in dealer description of notebooks).","The other volume is one thin diary  with brown wrappers covering the period from September through November 1973, with a multi-page essay on \"meta darkness\" and the qualities and rights of the counterculture generation, hand-colored and inscribed back pages in purple ink, illustrations, and writings about or a prayer to Chandeen (item is numbered 6 in dealer description of notebooks).","The diaries include one small thick black cloth diary/calendar, with frequent journal entries for January 1974 (numbered 5 in dealer description of notebooks)and an undated small handmade diary covered in silver paper, with about forty pages of poetry and small colored artworks (numbered 7 in dealer description of notebooks).","\nThe third diary is a notebook, February-March, 1974?, with lined pages and no cover, containing approximately sixteen pages of poetry, including drawings. This volume also contains a transcription of a poem, \"Light Breaks Where No Sun Shines\" by Dylan Thomas (numbered 13 in dealer description of notebooks).","The black sketchbook contains approximately 36 pages of highly detailed rapidograph drawings with watercolor and collage. It also includes an autograph poem \"XZAN,\" signed by Ira Cohen, with his glyph, and a signed sketch for Petra Vogt by Dana Young laid in, with the title \"Stolen Pen? Drawing for Petra\" (numbered 9 in dealer description of notebooks).","The notebook consisting of a black wrapper has loose collaging materials laid in, which includes gold and other colored papers, clippings, drawings, photographs, tarot cards, and a blank postcard (item numbered 14 in dealer description of notebooks).","The small handmade art journal or diary in lokta paper wrappers has a collaged cover of flowers and additional lokta papers. It matches a larger book version in Oversize Folder 8. The volume contains preparations for collages, with a few collages laid in, and is stamped throughout with the Bardo Matrix woodcut of a swan that also appears in the Bardo Matrix ephemera folders (item is numbered 10 in the dealer description of notebooks).","The small journal in brown paper wrappers, printed for the 1976 calendar year, contains extensive prose and poetic reflections, pen and ink drawings, collages, along with names and addresses. Laid in, there is a prescription for Gelonida (a painkiller), a bank withdrawal slip, a business card, and clippings from comics. There are approximately 56 pages of top-to-bottom text and artwork (numbered 11 in dealer description of notebooks).","The journal has red cloth over paper wrappers, with entries dating 1977 to 1979, with extensive addresses, phone numbers and names noted (including Ira Cohen). The handwriting in this journal is not Petra Vogt's.","The journal was likely kept by a person named John who was staying with Paul Gyss and possibly Petra Vogt at some point. The person writes diaristic details, with a few poems, and includes reflections about drug use, Ted Clarke, Jimmy Shelling, Paul Gyss, George [Andrews?], Maggie, and others, as well as details about travels in Goa, India, Kathmandu, and Pokara (Pokhara?), Nepal. ","The author turned 37 on August 1, 1979, writing \"unless I O.D. or walk into the river tonight\". Though not Petra Vogt's, this is an important item in fleshing out the daily life in Kathmandu (numbered 12 in dealer description of notebooks).","The notebook has a gold foil cover and a black fleur-de-lis pattern and was likely used as a music study book, with approximately six leaves of musical annotations (likely traditional music from Nepal), and two loose photographs of unidentified musicians (numbered 15 in dealer description of notebooks).","Most of the handwriting in the volume is not Petra Vogt's, except for four pages of drawings and an autograph poem with \"July 1974\" dated at the top of the page. The diary is in black plastic wrappers, with 81 leaves of poetry in purple, black and green ink, generally fair copies of work. Two poems are dedicated to Petra Vogt, \"To the Friend\" and \"Homecoming.\" One poem \"Eros\" is possibly by Petra Vogt but is in the handwriting of another author. The author of most of the poetry may be named \"Arione\" (numbered 18 in the dealer description of notebooks).","The diary in black paper wrappers includes ten pages of translation practice and three pages of drawings (likely not by Petra Vogt). Formerly laid in are two items, a typed or printed sheet on handling grave sorrow and a mimeographed dramatic script of Elektra in German, in five leaves, with holograph annotations which are currently placed in the back of the folder (numbered 19 in dealer description of notebooks).","This thick journal is highly annotated, beginning in August 1978, with daily writings on spiritual work, illustrations, collages, poetry, other writings and photographs with some of the items laid in. One of the drawings has been removed, put in mylar and placed in the back of the folder (numbered 16 in dealer description of notebooks).","This thick journal has lace and printed script reading \"Petra Vogt\" on the inside cover. This is one of the most heavily annotated and collaged items of the series, containing references to the \"Black Ashram,\" notes on Gregory Corso, a holograph poem by Roberto Francisco Valenza (a Bardo Matrix author) which is illustrated by Petra Vogt, an autograph poem by Iris [Gaynor] (another Bardo Matrix author), autograph poems by Ira Cohen, and autograph poems by others.","It contains lengthy journal entries, extending over multiple pages, an anguished draft of a letter about love, leaving, knowledge, and truth. It also includes poetry, songs and lyrics, collages, original artworks, and other writings. The journal begins on September 30, 1976 (numbered 17 in dealer description of notebooks).","The lined notebook was formerly laid in a black zippered notebook in poor condition. It includes both musical notations and songs with titles (numbered 20 in dealer description of notebooks).","There are several loose items with the notebook placed in an insert in the back of the folder.","The notebook is blank except for a single poem, possibly in the hand of Ira Cohen\n(item numbered 21 in dealer description of notebooks).","The notebook pages are bound together with a kettle-stitched binding and includes about fourteen pages of watercolor and black ink drawings, some accompanied by poetry. Some printed items are laid in for use in collages (numbered 22 in dealer description of notebooks).","This thick art book has a silver cover with reflective gems and stamped filigree. The book contains silver collaging papers from a variety of sources, with a few collages on reflective black-painted paper, that include a small photograph of Ira Cohen and Petra Vogt and a larger one of a skull figure. It also contains a short autograph note on a greeting card from Victoria to Ira Cohen and Petra Vogt, dated December 18, 1974.","The book includes silver collaging paper, blank paper, post cards and other material for illustrations laid in the book. The folder of excess silver sheets was laid in as material intended for these artworks. All loose items have been removed from the book and placed in a second and third folder. The third folder contains pages of Nepali script which have delicate sheets of silver gilt between them (numbered 23 in dealer description of notebooks).","The book includes ten heavily illustrated ink drawings with a rapidograph pen, paint, and collage (numbered 24 in dealer description of notebooks).","The journal includes twenty-five pages, mostly of writing, with pen and ink drawings, and collages, which mentions Anjuna, Goa, India and the year 1975 (numbered 25 in dealer description of notebooks).","The journal has a black lokta paper cover with colored ink decoration. The volume contains an eight-page poem illustrated in pen and ink and collage, possibly titled \"Think Galactic or Your World is Lost\" (numbered 26 in dealer description of notebooks).","The diary mentions \"Black Ashram Publications\" in a drawing, perhaps as a possible idea for a press by Petra Vogt. It includes diary entries, other writings, titled poems, photographs, drawings, and purple, black, and silver artwork throughout the diary (numbered 27 in dealer description of notebooks).","The volume has a comic-based collage on a paper cover. The item includes about thirty-one pages of photographs, hand drawn illustrations, generally with comics-derived collages on recto or verso, and writing in pen accompanying it. ","It also contains poems, including a few in a hand other than Petra Vogt's. There are many entries in short succession, with the entirety of the journal occurring between September 26 and October 28, 1972. ","They include references to Bill and Charles [Henry], daily routines, as well as a description of the \"Blood Feast\" (likely Dashain, celebrated in the Hindu religion at approximately this time of year). It has three loose sheets laid in (numbered 28 in dealer description of notebooks).","The cover of the notebook is illustrated by Petra Vogt with a black, grey, and white spectral figure. This forty-four page volume begins with an entry dated February 1973, and features poetry and diaristic entries accompanied by collage, photographs and rapidograph illustrations throughout. ","One of the most richly and creatively designed of the notebooks, which includes multi-page works and completed, titled poems. On the inside back cover, notes specify Dr. P.H. Martin transparent watercolors, likely used in Petra Vogt's work: \"Cherise, Prussian Blue, Red, Cadmium Orange\" (numbered 29 in dealer description of notebooks).","The sketchbook includes a few pencil sketches and watercolor paintings, some of which may be by a friend (numbered 30 in dealer description of notebooks).","The sketchbook is made from two folio structures sewn together and includes a few texts, hand drawn illustrations, watercolor paintings, and rapidograph art (numbered 31 in dealer description of notebooks).","It includes pen and ink drawings and handwritten notes (numbered 32 in dealer description of notebooks).","The sketchbook has a collage of a colored mountain scene, made with handmade paper, on the front. It includes calligraphic works, evocative of Sanskrit writing. (numbered 33 in dealer description of notebooks).","The large handmade portfolio contains individual journal entries, artwork, poems, and collages (Series 2.1 in dealer description).","The large folder of handmade paper contains circa 110 leaves and consists mostly of writings, with collage and artwork at times. The leaves are made of various types of paper and the portfolio contains collage work (including material likely related to a handmade photography book, with purple tissue paper), poetry, and journal entries. They are arranged mostly by date, without a year, excepting a grouping of September-October 1972 entries.","The portfolio (10 ¾ x 14) contains this poem:","This grand show is eternal \nIt is always sunrise somewhere \nThe dew is never all dried at once \nA shower is forever falling \nVapor is ever rising \nEternal sunrise eternal sunset \nEternal dawn and gloaming \nOn sea and contents and islands \nEach in its turn \nAs the round earth rolls.","Also present is a handwritten copy of Gerald Manley Hopkins' poem \"Spelt from Sybil's Leaves.\" Other poems include \"Skull Music\" inscribed to Petra, dated January 2, 1973, and other untitled and undated poems.","A handmade black lokta portfolio contains around 26 large artworks, including rapidograph pen and ink drawings, color paintings, pen and white gouache artworks on black paper, and mixed media. Housed in a 23.5 x 17 inch black lokta folder (Series 2.2 in dealer description). Also present is a printed copy of the 1974-1975 \"Phenonemon Calendar\" by A.T. Mann and a printed astrological chart.","This portfolio contains about thirty pieces of artwork, a few inscribed by Petra Vogt, including medium oversize mixed media paintings and drawings, some rapidograph pen and ink drawings, and pen and white gouache artworks on black paper (Series 2.2 in dealer description).","This portfolio includes artwork, collage material, a birth horoscope, watercolors, poetry, white gouache artworks on black paper, a series of printed pictures of mask figures, a separate journal in black lokta paper and other materials related to Petra Vogt's artwork. The separate journal in black lokta paper contains sixteen pages of watercolors and poetry (Series 2.2 in dealer description).","Artwork by others includes an unsigned color pencil drawing of a wizard in a purple robe and an astrology mandala (12 x 12 inches), in pen and ink, on handmade paper, painted with an inscription to Petra Vogt from Tad (A. T. Mann), 1974 (Series 3.4 in dealer description).","This includes a handmade unused notebook (11.5 ½ x 14 inches) with a flower collage on the cover. Also present is a separate sheet of paper covered in red flowers, which may have been used as a cover for a notebook (Series 3.4 in dealer description).","These items include a printed sheet for \"Way Out\" by Gregory Corso, with cast list (circa 1974); printed sheet, \"on dreamers! / waken or die/\" ; printed sheet with poem and woodcut, \"Forests of eyelids\"; title page and sheet of poem from Paul Bowles' \"Next to Nothing\" (Starsteams Series, 1976).","They include images of Vlad the Impaler; Gandi; a cartoonish dancing frog; an art deco swan; a mouse with a star; letterhead with a double-headed eagle; figures designed by Dana Young; a skull wearing a hat and suit, seated and holding a gun (from \"Poem for La Malinche\"); a Dana Young Egyptian figure; dancing or intertwined skeletons; eagle foot with talons within a circle; traditional Nepali and Tibetan designs; with mandalas, Buddhist and Hindu motifs, Arhat lamas, Tibetan Shiva, scorpion protector, and intricate woodcuts of temples.","This collage features a background of cobras with a photograph of a man and candlesticks in front (framed with glass).","Collage features a woodcut image of a candlestick or cylinder with photograph of Petra Vogt's head at the top and entwined by a snake (framed with glass).","These include an image of a rhinoceros that was used on the cover of the Bardo Matrix Starstreams publication of Gregory Corso, skull art clippings, newspaper clippings, pamphlets, postcards, and photographs.","Folder contains clippings from magazines, newspapers, posters of Hindu deities, various comics, news clippings and other ephemera, most likely used as collage material (Series 2.3 in dealer description).","Correspondence includes a note from S.B.I., postmarked Paris, July 28, 1970, to Vogt in Italy, on the back of a printed Living Theatre notice for \"Paradise Now.\" ","There are two letters on stationery from West Bengal. One dated April 7, 1971, is from Diana, mentioning that she had heard Petra had left Italy and Carol had died. The same letter also informed Petra that Birgit had told her that Petra was currently in Morocco making a movie with Pierre. ","The second letter from West Bengal was from Gunter and Odile, who were in India studying the various aspects of the Indian culture, arts and religion and who urged Petra to travel to India and stay near them, undated but possibly 1971.\n \nOther undated items include a card from Mina in Berkeley, California (?), dated July 19th; a collage note with a photograph of Vogt and a separate photograph of the sender, \"In London… I love you\"; undated poem by Caroline, sent to Petra Vogt \"from the Tent in Rome\"; and an undated note addressed to Petra and Carol from Jimmy.","Correspondence includes an undated postcard and a letter, June 19, from \"Geo\" (George?) addressed to \"Most Precious Fools\"; an undated letter from Ross to Ira, wishing Ira good luck with his new book; and a typed undated letter from Tina and Steve to \"My Lord and Lady,\" with both Petra and Ira possibly then in Chicago. Tina writes that her editor loves her new book and that George has gone back to New Orleans where they all hope to celebrate Mardi Gras with Vogt and Cohen.","Several items dated from September to December, 1974, apparently all sent at one time to Petra in Kathmandu, Nepal, from London, in which Tad discusses his work on astrology and mandalas for a wealthy client, and wonders if she has returned easily to the Eastern fold. Tad also discusses his experiments with a pendulum and sends transcriptions of his psychic flash experiences.","Includes five autograph postcards from Young to Ira Cohen and Petra Vogt, two of them with the inscriptions \"from the alchemical wing\" and \"offering of the opium embryo\". ","There are three postcards with apparent poems by Young, which have been trimmed or cut, possibly by Petra for a collage. ","Also present is one holograph manuscript of a visionary poem on brown paper. Most items are signed only with the star glyph of Dana Young.","Correspondence includes a typed letter written from North Wales, October 22, 1970, asking Petra to visit, an undated note with a drawing of a bird from Peter, and two postcards possibly from Peter, both mentioning Marcia, and one telling Petra they were going to Crete.","This file contains titled poems \"After Arnaut Daniel,\" \"A Story for Spider Woman\" by Jane Falk?, \"Precepts Difficult to Follow\" July 11, 1974, with a snake glyph, and \"For Being There That Sun Day\" by David Elyah, March 21, 1971. Other items include a page of musical lyrics with musical notes and other untitled and undated manuscripts.","The album includes iridescent purple handmade paper wrapper with purple, black and silver leaves. The leaves include photographs of Petra Vogt, Mylar photographs and a variety of posed portraits.","Photographs include Petra Vogt, other people, a painting of Petra Vogt, and a contact sheet of skull figures.","Photographs include mainly black and white photographs, in a variety of sizes, some pictures of Petra Vogt, and other people.","Photographs include Petra Vogt, Hindu traditions, children and women from Kathmandu, a photograph of Band-e-Amir Lake, located in central Afghanistan's Bamiyan province, with poem \"Bandamir!\" on the back, and a copy of a collage of Petra Vogt, Ira Cohen and other items. ","Previously was in a handmade paper envelope (11 ½ x 14 in.) containing ten items. One photograph was inscribed by \"Ram\" to Petra Vogt (Series 3.1 in dealer description).","The photograph of Hindu Cremation Ceremony is a black and white image mounted on a wooden board. Also present in this folder is an empty photographic printing paper box.","Poems include \"Poem to Dragon\" by Yuki Jane, a holograph handmade book poem, in black wrappers with blue thread binding; a handwritten Pome for Ira, \"The Creation of the Fly\" and Pome for Petra, \"Benares Haiku\" on the front and back of the same sheet of paper.","Also present is a handmade holograph booklet in black wrappers on iridescent rice paper, \"Book of Shadow\" by Snake Tongue, with the subtitle \"7 Shadow Poems for Ira Cohen.\" The \"Book of Shadow\" has \"Snake Tongue\" in red ink on the first page, indicating Sagaraya as the possible author.","The two dated postcards, are signed Thomas, July 9, 1966, to a Berlin address and in German, and the second, is signed by Julian Beck? (1925-1985), 1978, hoping that Petra will get well so they can dance together again.","One postcard from 1978, has Ira's glyph and was sent care of Banana Joes, Anjuna, Goa, India, with the print cut-out message \"Flaming Angel Remember that when we walk\" glued on the back. ","An undated postcard was addressed to Petra in Berlin and signed Ira, with his glyph. ","The third postcard was written to Petra from Allahabad, India, where Ira describes his journey there, \"poetry to come later I hope\" (January 7, 1977).","Correspondents with their locations include a writer from Los Angeles, California, December 12, 1973, who left books for Ira Cohen at their old neighbors' place, plans on going to Tucson to watch the comet and plans to return to India to live in the mountains in around six months; and \"M.\" who wrote Ira Cohen from Amsterdam, \"our minds keep crossing each other\" (January 22, 1975). ","Marjory Kephart writes from Frankfurt, Germany, to Ira and Petra, reflecting on her time with them in Nepal (June 1, 1975); Chandeen, from Paris, France, to Petra, who calls Petra her \"shadow maker. I walk in your image always dropping silver skulls on the carpets of my mind. No silver monkey skull in suitcase (stolen by customs???).\" Chandeen also mentions Brion [Gysin], Ching and Dui (July 24, 1975). ","There are two postcards from the United States to Ira and Petra, one from Sonja in Hawaii (date unclear but either 1975-1976) and a second from New York City, April 27, 1976, that mentions receiving Ira's \"octopus letter.\"","On one postcard, an unknown correspondent to Ira Cohen, October 26, 1975, writes, \"Dearest Ira, Tonight is last of 25 ceremonies by monks of Gysito Tantric College – end of 6 week European tour. Tomorrow I return to New York City to edit new film I just shot on Tibetan healing. Living Theatre nearly in Venice. Much love to you, and to Petra, and\nto Angus and to Hetty and to all dear friends – I can be reached c/o Shaye, 322 Central Park West, New York City – till March 1975, then probably back to India… for the Lama Dances.\"","\"J.\" sends a postcard from Penang, Malaysia, and promises to send some select choice books to sell in the Spirit Catcher Bookshop (May 3, 1976); a mystical and poetic postcard was sent from Charles and BWK (?), Indonesia, to Ira Cohen (August 25, 1976); postcard from Delhi, India, to Petra and Ira notifying them of their arrival \"from Babylon to Delhi was only a matter of centuries\" and plans to travel to Goa (December 21, 1976). ","An unknown correspondent, on a trimmed down postcard, asked for a copy of Ira Cohen's \"Divan of Petra Vogt\" (1976?). ","Harold Norse, San Francisco, wrote Ira thanking him for his copy of \"Divan of Petra Vogt\" and mentions \"collecting a 164 page book of my gay poems 1941-1976 to be published by Gay Sunshine Press, Spring 77: (Panic Ritual)\" (October 27, 1976). ","Others include: a brief postcard sent to Petra and Ira from Pakistan (March 17, 1977); a postcard from Carlos Vishusnath described his travels in India and was sent in care of the Shrestra Lodge, Jochentole, Kathmandu (September 20, 1973?); and Narada to Petra Vogt, hoped to see her soon (undated).","Jerry and Anne wrote from Samos, Greece, about their plans to visit Turkey (August 9, 1978); undated and unsigned card sent to Ira and Petra, \"Bird of Paradise… sing to her… of the day… when the Tree of Knowledge shall once more burst forth with – the – Forbidden Fruit – A.\"; and a postcard from Austria written in German was sent to Petra in 1979? by Haus.","Includes cards from Jury about Ira and Petra coming to Paris (undated); Paul in Bali on the back of a photograph of a statue of religious figure (1976); photograph of Petra Vogt and a portrait, with the inscription \"Lord + Lady 'N' see '73 in quietly converging\"; and from Fredo, Bali, to Steve Mittenthal, care of Dinsha Sanjana, Bombay, India.","Also includes a postcard from \"M.\" in Milton, Massachusetts, October 23; undated postcard to Petra in green ink, written in poetic form; empty envelope from Mallorca, Spain addressed to Petra Vogt, care of Ira Cohen, New York City; and a postcard from Marcia, September 1, 1971, mentioning being thrown out of Plas by Peter.","Item described as \"a few opening lines from an eleven-hundred-page work in progress.\"","Contains printed material in the possession of Petra Vogt, including the following list:","\"A Short Synopsis of Devayana,\" by Dr. Hajari. Printed at Sri Aurobindo Ashram. Pondicherry, India, 1962. Stamped with Spirit Catcher Books insignia, 1975. (7 ½ x 10 in.)","\"Guide to Learning Nepali\" (in Nepali), in paper wrappers with illustrations. (5 ½ x 8 in.)","\"Nepal: A Miscellany,\" by Madhusudan Thakur. Published by Uttam Kunwar at Rooapyan Press, Kathmandu, 1975. Inscribed by author to Petra (\"For Petra with Love, Madhu\"). In paper wrappers, with PV's notes on back cover. (5 x 8 ½ in.)","\"Nepal.\" Published by His Majesty's Government of Nepal, Ministry of Industry and Commerce, Department of Tourism, Kathmandu, Nepal, and printed at Glasgow Printing Co. Pvt. Ltd. in Howrah, India., 1974. Tourist guide in red boards. Used for pressing flowers and Petra Vogt's collages and paintings, given inside front and back covers. (7 x 9 ½ in.)","\"Pokhara Valley: Nepal.\" Tourist brochure. Published by His Majesty's Government of Nepal, Ministry of Industry and Commerce, Department of Tourism, Kathmandu, Nepal, and printed at Glasgow Printing Co. Pvt. Ltd. in Howrah, India, 1974. (4 x 9 in.)","\"Patan, Nepal: The City of Fine Arts.\" Tourist brochure with map of city. Published by His Majesty's Government of Nepal, Ministry of Industry and Commerce, Department of Tourism, Kathmandu, Nepal, and printed at Jore Ganesh Press Pvt. Ltd. in Kathmandu, Apr. 1974.","Item was used for collages by Petra Vogt, with additional collage material laid in. \"A visual inventory of inspiration for Petra Vogt\" according to the dealer (Series 2.3 in dealer description).","The tarot deck was probably used in collage work. The back of most cards were treated with a glossy black paint and some have been used for other projects elsewhere in the collection. ","Also present are a few silver prints on black paper, collages, and cards from different tarot decks, either in print pages at the back of the folder or in a white insert.","Broadside poem begins \"And again you will be gone.\" The poem is printed on handmade Nepalese lokta paper by Ira Cohen, designed and illustrated by Sidney Hushour (13 x 20 inches).","These are Bardo Matrix woodblock prints of the Silver Surfer and the Vision, Marvel Comics superheroes, used by Ira Cohen as poetic inspiration for his \"7 Marvels\" poetry publication. Cohen had a Tibetan woodblock artist prepare woodblocks for use in this publication. ","These items include small reference clippings (art by Jack Kirby), the Vision character printed on orange silk cloth (9 x 12 inches) and lokta paper, the Silver Surfer printed on lokta paper and two additional woodcuts on lokta paper using Silver Surfer references (Series 3.3 in dealer description).","These woodblock prints include an alchemical figure, a portfolio with mandalas, and traditional Nepali and Tibetan motifs, such as Buddha riding a horse upon a cloud and a tree with a demon-like figure. ","There are also prints of several structures or buildings in Kathmandu, Nepal, including the pagoda Panchamukhi Hanuman, Hanuman Dhoka (gateway to the area of the complex of Royal Palace structures), Darbar Square, and Kathe Swayambhu, Naghal (a Buddhist shrine). ","The woodblock of the Buddha riding a horse upon a cloud has a certificate on the back acknowledging a financial donation from Petra Vogt for building a Temple-Monastery and center of meditation signed by Karma Samde Drolma (?), issued in October 1972.","These large woodblock prints include two woodblock prints inscribed with holograph poems by Petra Vogt, one on a Bardo Matrix print (Series 2.2 in dealer description); several large mandala in pen and ink on handmade paper. (Series 3.4 in dealer description). ","Others include a large woodblock print of an Egyptian figure, King Tutankhamun, on pink lokta paper; a motif of Buddha on a lion (in Buddhism, lions are symbolic of the Bodhisattvas); a handwritten birth horoscope on dark pink paper for someone born on October 15, 1947, in Jamshedpur, India; and dancing or intertwined skeletons. ","Many of the photographs are those of Petra Vogt and associates in Kathmandu, Nepal, and most are attributed to Ira Cohen during his time there in the 1970's.","This section consists of about 150 photographs, chiefly black and white, with a few color snapshots, of varying sizes, most 3.5 x 5.5 inches or smaller. Contains a staged group photographic shoot with sword props and costumes; another staged photographic shoot of Petra Vogt in thick black lipstick with another model; various photographic shoots of Vogt in dramatic eye makeup, wigs, headdresses, costumes, and with props including skulls, sculptures, and other items. ","It also includes Polaroids of Petra in daily household routines, such as eating, sitting in bed, or on the telephone, or with friends. One photograph features a drawing by Petra Vogt on the back. ","Folder contains approximately 76 photographs, chiefly black and white, some of which are likely taken by Ira Cohen.","Most prints are 3.5 x 5.5 inches or smaller. Photographs include Petra Vogt, along with other Kathmandu hippies, including Dana Young, Ira Cohen, Gregg Sharits?, Vidhea Shrestha, Miriam, Roberto Valenza, and others. ","One photograph, which appears to be of Dana Young blindfolded and holding scales, is inscribed on the back: \"For the Khania of Kaloon,\" in Ira Cohen's hand. ","Various other photographs by Ira Cohen, about 21 photographs, include Kathmandu hippies, local Kathmandu people, and local sights. ","The vulture series contains six photographs, 6.25 x 4 inches, including one fragment, which depict vultures in a river, with other animal scavengers. ","There are about 94 \"Mylar style\" photographs by Ira Cohen, consisting of photographed reflections and distortions of other people. These include many photographs of Petra Vogt, as well as others. ","Photographs include one hand-colored Mylar photograph, as well as one color photograph of an unknown model. One photograph is inscribed on the back, \"the ghost of Nijinsky.\" Most are undated but were all taken during Cohen's time in Kathmandu, Nepal in the seventies. ","The scull mask series consists of about seventeen undated images and two small cutouts from photographs of a man in a skull mask, posed with various taxidermied animals, children, Charles Henri Ford, and others from Kathmandu.  ","The Kathmandu photographs by Ira Cohen consist of around 129 photographs, most approximately 5.5 x 3 inches, of people and places around Kathmandu. ","This includes photographs of young boys and girls in traditional Nepali attire, ceremonies and processions, architecture and engravings, skulls, and other scenes.","One photograph of a wooden god guardian on a temple is inscribed on back: \"Hi Harold [Norse], love Ira,\" with Ira Cohen's symbolic signature. ","There are approximately eleven images, including photographs similar to the staged skull mask series, and a few photographs of local Kathmandu residences. See also oversize folder 4.","There are approximately 83 photographs of Petra Vogt in smaller sizes, including a few Mylar photographs, a series with a Nepali child, a few images from a group shoot featured in the first binder, and one color photograph.","There are approximately 58 photographs, including Polaroids, a photograph mounted on silver paper, and color photographs, mostly of Ira Cohen and Petra Vogt together. ","Includes four photographs taken by John Chick, Bardo Matrix co-founder, each inscribed and signed by John Chick.","Includes the following inscriptions: \"Ira Cohen at John's Room, Rose Garden,\" with Bardo Matrix stamp; \"Ira and Petra at Banda. Photo by John\"; \"Ira and Loren Sandlee, Kath Nepal '75\"; and \"I and P '74. Kath, Nepal. Photo by John.\"","Thera are about sixteen photographs of female hippies, featuring Vidhea Shrestha, Petra Vogt, Miriam, and a few posed images on piles of bones. ","A photograph of Vidhea Shrestha inscribed by her: \"Open the door – a crack … / bones would be the ultimate communication / but fruit is at least a catharsis … / see you in a hour …? / Happy 'Scorpio' Day. Much much love: Vidhea.\" Inscription slightly obscured by bookworm damage. ","Another inscribed photograph to \"darling Petra and Ira\" and begins \"Christmas fröhliche\" and is signed by Terez?","There are approximately 118 photographs of the Kathmandu scene, including passport photographs, staged shoots, and pictures of children. Includes Harold Norse, Angus MacLise, Hetty MacLise, Ira Cohen, George [Andrews?], Jimmy [Thapa], Marcia, and other local contributors to the scene.","Includes also: a photograph inscribed by Petra Vogt and Ira Cohen and a photograph of three people (Dana Young and others) inscribed by Ira Cohen, with Dana Young symbol at top: \"The photographer is upside down! For George [Andrews?], from Ira Cohen.\" ","A photograph of young Nepali girl is inscribed \"Isn't she beautifull\" and signed Chaitanya [Upadhya]. ","Two photos of Marcia are inscribed \"For Petra especially\" and \"Marcia in Hollywood.\" There is also a photograph of a woman with a shag haircut, with Petra Vogt's writing on back: the word \"rapidograph\" and other notes in German.","There are many passport photographs including one inscribed \"To Petra: From the waxen wachen … love Loue.\" ","One photograph inscribed \"November 11 / Flash / for Jimmy [Thapa] / with love from Jane [Falk?].\" ","There are approximately seventy photographs documenting her artworks, including material whose originals are included in the archive, as well as other works. ","One photograph contains notes on coloring \"bright orange background red and blue\" (possibly in Ira Cohen's hand), notes in Petra Vogt's hand are on the back of a photograph, and a photograph of her is decorated with silver glitter. ","There are about fourteen assorted photographs, which include photographs of a family with Mick Jagger, Petra Vogt on a boat journey with others in 1974 with descriptions inscribed in blue ink on the back; a photograph of Petra from 1977 dining in a house; a photograph of man with a dog dated 1974; other boating pictures from 1972; and a fragment of a contact sheet."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe bank book belonging to Petra Vogt, 1977-1978, has been removed and restricted until her death. It has been placed in the control folder for this collection in a sealed envelope. The bank book is from the Bayerische Hypotheken- und Wechsel-Bank (short form: Hypo-Bank).\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The bank book belonging to Petra Vogt, 1977-1978, has been removed and restricted until her death. It has been placed in the control folder for this collection in a sealed envelope. The bank book is from the Bayerische Hypotheken- und Wechsel-Bank (short form: Hypo-Bank)."],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Bardo Matrix (Firm)","Vogt, Petra","Cohen, Ira"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Bardo Matrix (Firm)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Vogt, Petra","Cohen, Ira"],"persname_ssim":["Vogt, Petra","Cohen, Ira"],"language_ssim":["English Nepali German"],"total_component_count_is":81,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:38:40.572Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_996","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_996","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_996","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_996","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_996.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/120842","title_filing_ssi":"Vogt, Petra, papers","title_ssm":["Petra Vogt papers"],"title_tesim":["Petra Vogt papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1966-1978"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1966-1978"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS .16480","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/996"],"text":["MSS .16480","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/996","Petra Vogt papers","Living Theatre (New York, N.Y.)","Kathmandu (Nepal)","Spirituality--Hinduism","Spirituality--Buddhism","Bardo Matrix (Firm)","Counterculture","Photographers","collage","small presses","hippies","prints","poetry","Black-and-white photographs","drawings (visual works)","diaries","Good. Collection apparently stored in a basement but no active mold. Some oversize materials were folded but these have been put in oversize folders or boxes and a few had preservation attention. Mylar L-sleeves have been used to protect some fragile materials.","Most of the collection is open for research. The single exception is a bank book for an account owned by Petra Vogt.","The bank book belonging to Petra Vogt, 1977-1978, has been removed and restricted until her death. It has been placed in the control folder for this collection in a sealed envelope. The bank book is from the Bayerische Hypotheken- und Wechsel-Bank (short form: Hypo-Bank). ","Materials arrived organized by the dealer into the following four series and additional subseries: Series I. Correspondence; Series II. Petra Vogt files; Subseries II.1 Notebooks; Subseries II.2 Artworks and artist files; Subseries II.3 Collage files Series III. Ira Cohen and Bardo Matrix; Subseries III.1 Ira Cohen materials; Subseries III.2 Bardo Matrix publications; Subseries III.3 Flyers, ephemera, broadsides; Series IV Photographs.","This arrangement has been simplified into three series, 1) Volumes, Journals and Notebooks, chiefly by Petra Vogt; 2) Correspondence, Artwork and Topical Files; and 3) Photographs, chiefly by Ira Cohen. These series contain oversize materials that have been placed in more appropriate containers but are listed in the appropriate series.","Much of this biographical and historical information was taken from the dealer description of the collection. ","Petra Vogt was born in Berlin, Germany, in 1943, during a particularly devastating year of World War Two airstrikes on the city. She took acting classes in Munich and then returned to Berlin, where she saw The Living Theatre for the first time and decided to join the group in 1962. She traveled and performed extensively with The Living Theatre, including in the performance, \"Paradise Now.\" She met Ira Cohen at its New Haven show (phone conversation between Ira Cohen and Carey Loren, which was transcribed on \"Blastitude, Eternity Blast Special,\" no. 13. August 2002). ","In 1971, Vogt and Cohen finally landed in Kathmandu, after extensive traveling through Morocco, Tunisia, Afghanistan, and India. Living in Kathmandu from around 1972 to 1978, Vogt was an artistic, photographic, and social muse to partner Cohen, as well as Nepali hippies including Jimmy Thapa and Trilochan Shrestha.  While in Nepal, she produced numerous notebooks of poetry, diaries, and artworks, while illustrating Bardo Matrix Starstreams publications, as well as Cohen's work, including \"Poems from the Cosmic Crypt.\"","While Vogt is peripherally featured in the archives of Ira Cohen, Angus MacLise, Dana Young, and other Bardo Matrix collaborators, her own contributions to this important facet of the countercultural poetics scene are significantly understudied. While Mark Liechty's \"Far Out: Countercultural Seekers and the Tourist Encounter in Nepal\" (University of Chicago Press, 2017), acknowledges her centrality to the scene and describes her role in organizing events, performances, and generally contributing to the dramatically-dressed scene in Kathmandu, no further articles or monographs solidify the contributions of her writings, artworks, or aesthetic. ","During the 1970s, Vogt was known for her foreboding dark outfits and makeup; her aesthetic marks her as an unheralded progenitor of goth style, which began to be codified in music scenes around the same time. Photographs of her from her time in Nepal in the 1970s were featured in a recent Photo Kathmandu festival in 2018. She continues to write and make art under a different name in Germany.  ","Ira Cohen (1935–2011) was a noted poet, publisher, filmmaker, and photographer, known especially for his Mylar photographs, which he created between 1968 and 1971 in New York City. These works were inspired by Jack Smith and Bill Devore's black light experimentation, and required subjects to enter his \"Mylar Chamber,\" a makeshift room comprised of the reflective film, which Cohen would then photograph to produce distorted and psychedelic images of his subjects. ","This produced iconic images that Life magazine in 1969 said captured the \"euphoric distortions of hallucinogenics\" during the countercultural era, with participants such as Jimi Hendrix, William Burroughs, Jack Smith, Brion Gysin, Angus MacLise, Paul Bowles, and Petra Vogt, among many others. These photographs have been exhibited in the 2006 \"Summer of Love\" exhibition organized by the Tate Liverpool and featured at the Whitney Museum, and are the subject of a new book, \"Ira Cohen: Into the Mylar Chamber\" which was published by Fulgar Press in 2019 with text by Ira Cohen, Timothy Baum, Ian MacFadyen, Alice Farley, Ira Landgarten, and Thurston Moore, and edited by Allan Graubard. ","Kathmandu, Nepal, held a vibrant expatriate community of poets, musicians, artists, and spiritual seekers in the 1970s, in large part due to the Bardo Matrix collective — a group that began in Boulder, Colorado as The Experimental Cinema Group, and initially included Angus MacLise, John Chick, Dana Young, and Ira Cohen. Bardo Matrix Press, and especially the Starstreams Poetry Series, created collaborations with Beat and countercultural poets and local artisans to produce books informed by traditional Nepali and Tibetan traditions, sharing new poetic ideas.","Before 1971, when Ira Cohen and Petra Vogt arrived, a small group of expatriates had already become involved making woodblock prints to sell to tourists. Cohen recounts the presence of Ian Alsop, Francis Brooks, and Simon White, who \"were to play an important role in the development of small press publications by myself, my old friend and comrade, poet-calligrapher, Angus MacLise, and other poets who quickly formed a community in the Kathmandu Valley.\" ","MacLise's work with Piero Heliczer on Dead Language Press, \"making unique books from tree bark or fashioning long horizontal handmade books after the Tibetan or Indian style,\" proved influential: it was Angus who, \"working with local craftsmen and woodblock artists, really began the great rice paper adventure.\" (Ira Cohen, \"The Great Rice Paper Adventure: Kathmandu, 1971–1977.\" New Observations no. 106, May/June 1995. Online at Big Bridge, no. 5.)","In Kathmandu, on so-called \"Freak Street\" or Jhocchen Tole, John Chick opened a bookshop named \"The Spirit Catcher.\" The shop was open around 1972–1979, and provided a weekly forum for poetry readings, music, and community. This shop cemented the centrality of the roles of Vogt, Cohen, Chick, and MacLise in the countercultural community abroad, and became both a tourist and local destination (Prawash Gautam, \"How a used bookstore in Kathmandu's Jhochhen captured the spirit of the hippie movement,\" \"The Kathmandu Post,\" December 18, 2018).","These photographs were originally stored in three binders with descriptions of the contents provided by the dealer. They had been removed from the binders and placed in folders when the processor received them but the order of the contents has been maintained, with the binder numbers.","This collection contains journals, artworks, correspondence, and photographs that illuminate the life and work of Petra Vogt, a poet, actress, artist, and model, known for her involvement with the Living Theatre, Ira Cohen, and the Bardo Matrix Press during the 1960s and 1970s. Of particular interest are thirty-four journals, chiefly by Petra Vogt, with poetry, prose works, diary entries, and intricate rapidograph drawings along with collage, paintings, and other artworks within; about 150 artworks by Vogt, as well as handmade books of Ira Cohen's photographs and collage, 850 photographs by Ira Cohen, including those from his Mylar photography series and 60 pieces of correspondence and post cards addressed to Vogt and Cohen.","The \"Adressen-Telefon\", a small silver address book, with Petra's name inscribed on the front page, contains some addresses in New York, Paris, and Munich, with phone numbers, two calling or business cards, one for Hugo Vogt in Stuttgart, and a snapshot of Petra Vogt, all loose inside the volume. ","\nThe second volume is a small black address book, which includes a handful of addresses and phone numbers of friends, stamped with P. and B. Abele, Stuttgart, Buchenstrasse, with a calling card for Pierre Fabricius and a small snapshot of a trailer with the name \"Tony\" on the back (volumes are numbered 1-2 in dealer description of notebooks).","Volumes include one small black and red snakeskin-patterned address book, with addresses and phone numbers, notes concerning Ira Cohen, calculations, grocery lists, and journalist writings, with a single page dated 1977, and a small black \"addressen\" book with many addresses containing a purple and black drawing on the inside back cover (volumes are numbered 3-4 in dealer description of notebooks).","The small black diary has \"Kwality\" stamped on the cover, and the first entry begins on July 22, 1973, with approximately 133 pages of poems, with some celebrating births and deaths in the community. The volume includes detailed dated diary entries, including discussions of how Petra Vogt prepared for photography sessions, as well as collages that accompany writings, artworks, and small portions of an unidentified script. It also includes autograph writings by Ira Cohen in the beginning, as well as a lock of Petra Vogt's hair tied with purple thread (volume is numbered 8 in dealer description of notebooks).","The other volume is one thin diary  with brown wrappers covering the period from September through November 1973, with a multi-page essay on \"meta darkness\" and the qualities and rights of the counterculture generation, hand-colored and inscribed back pages in purple ink, illustrations, and writings about or a prayer to Chandeen (item is numbered 6 in dealer description of notebooks).","The diaries include one small thick black cloth diary/calendar, with frequent journal entries for January 1974 (numbered 5 in dealer description of notebooks)and an undated small handmade diary covered in silver paper, with about forty pages of poetry and small colored artworks (numbered 7 in dealer description of notebooks).","\nThe third diary is a notebook, February-March, 1974?, with lined pages and no cover, containing approximately sixteen pages of poetry, including drawings. This volume also contains a transcription of a poem, \"Light Breaks Where No Sun Shines\" by Dylan Thomas (numbered 13 in dealer description of notebooks).","The black sketchbook contains approximately 36 pages of highly detailed rapidograph drawings with watercolor and collage. It also includes an autograph poem \"XZAN,\" signed by Ira Cohen, with his glyph, and a signed sketch for Petra Vogt by Dana Young laid in, with the title \"Stolen Pen? Drawing for Petra\" (numbered 9 in dealer description of notebooks).","The notebook consisting of a black wrapper has loose collaging materials laid in, which includes gold and other colored papers, clippings, drawings, photographs, tarot cards, and a blank postcard (item numbered 14 in dealer description of notebooks).","The small handmade art journal or diary in lokta paper wrappers has a collaged cover of flowers and additional lokta papers. It matches a larger book version in Oversize Folder 8. The volume contains preparations for collages, with a few collages laid in, and is stamped throughout with the Bardo Matrix woodcut of a swan that also appears in the Bardo Matrix ephemera folders (item is numbered 10 in the dealer description of notebooks).","The small journal in brown paper wrappers, printed for the 1976 calendar year, contains extensive prose and poetic reflections, pen and ink drawings, collages, along with names and addresses. Laid in, there is a prescription for Gelonida (a painkiller), a bank withdrawal slip, a business card, and clippings from comics. There are approximately 56 pages of top-to-bottom text and artwork (numbered 11 in dealer description of notebooks).","The journal has red cloth over paper wrappers, with entries dating 1977 to 1979, with extensive addresses, phone numbers and names noted (including Ira Cohen). The handwriting in this journal is not Petra Vogt's.","The journal was likely kept by a person named John who was staying with Paul Gyss and possibly Petra Vogt at some point. The person writes diaristic details, with a few poems, and includes reflections about drug use, Ted Clarke, Jimmy Shelling, Paul Gyss, George [Andrews?], Maggie, and others, as well as details about travels in Goa, India, Kathmandu, and Pokara (Pokhara?), Nepal. ","The author turned 37 on August 1, 1979, writing \"unless I O.D. or walk into the river tonight\". Though not Petra Vogt's, this is an important item in fleshing out the daily life in Kathmandu (numbered 12 in dealer description of notebooks).","The notebook has a gold foil cover and a black fleur-de-lis pattern and was likely used as a music study book, with approximately six leaves of musical annotations (likely traditional music from Nepal), and two loose photographs of unidentified musicians (numbered 15 in dealer description of notebooks).","Most of the handwriting in the volume is not Petra Vogt's, except for four pages of drawings and an autograph poem with \"July 1974\" dated at the top of the page. The diary is in black plastic wrappers, with 81 leaves of poetry in purple, black and green ink, generally fair copies of work. Two poems are dedicated to Petra Vogt, \"To the Friend\" and \"Homecoming.\" One poem \"Eros\" is possibly by Petra Vogt but is in the handwriting of another author. The author of most of the poetry may be named \"Arione\" (numbered 18 in the dealer description of notebooks).","The diary in black paper wrappers includes ten pages of translation practice and three pages of drawings (likely not by Petra Vogt). Formerly laid in are two items, a typed or printed sheet on handling grave sorrow and a mimeographed dramatic script of Elektra in German, in five leaves, with holograph annotations which are currently placed in the back of the folder (numbered 19 in dealer description of notebooks).","This thick journal is highly annotated, beginning in August 1978, with daily writings on spiritual work, illustrations, collages, poetry, other writings and photographs with some of the items laid in. One of the drawings has been removed, put in mylar and placed in the back of the folder (numbered 16 in dealer description of notebooks).","This thick journal has lace and printed script reading \"Petra Vogt\" on the inside cover. This is one of the most heavily annotated and collaged items of the series, containing references to the \"Black Ashram,\" notes on Gregory Corso, a holograph poem by Roberto Francisco Valenza (a Bardo Matrix author) which is illustrated by Petra Vogt, an autograph poem by Iris [Gaynor] (another Bardo Matrix author), autograph poems by Ira Cohen, and autograph poems by others.","It contains lengthy journal entries, extending over multiple pages, an anguished draft of a letter about love, leaving, knowledge, and truth. It also includes poetry, songs and lyrics, collages, original artworks, and other writings. The journal begins on September 30, 1976 (numbered 17 in dealer description of notebooks).","The lined notebook was formerly laid in a black zippered notebook in poor condition. It includes both musical notations and songs with titles (numbered 20 in dealer description of notebooks).","There are several loose items with the notebook placed in an insert in the back of the folder.","The notebook is blank except for a single poem, possibly in the hand of Ira Cohen\n(item numbered 21 in dealer description of notebooks).","The notebook pages are bound together with a kettle-stitched binding and includes about fourteen pages of watercolor and black ink drawings, some accompanied by poetry. Some printed items are laid in for use in collages (numbered 22 in dealer description of notebooks).","This thick art book has a silver cover with reflective gems and stamped filigree. The book contains silver collaging papers from a variety of sources, with a few collages on reflective black-painted paper, that include a small photograph of Ira Cohen and Petra Vogt and a larger one of a skull figure. It also contains a short autograph note on a greeting card from Victoria to Ira Cohen and Petra Vogt, dated December 18, 1974.","The book includes silver collaging paper, blank paper, post cards and other material for illustrations laid in the book. The folder of excess silver sheets was laid in as material intended for these artworks. All loose items have been removed from the book and placed in a second and third folder. The third folder contains pages of Nepali script which have delicate sheets of silver gilt between them (numbered 23 in dealer description of notebooks).","The book includes ten heavily illustrated ink drawings with a rapidograph pen, paint, and collage (numbered 24 in dealer description of notebooks).","The journal includes twenty-five pages, mostly of writing, with pen and ink drawings, and collages, which mentions Anjuna, Goa, India and the year 1975 (numbered 25 in dealer description of notebooks).","The journal has a black lokta paper cover with colored ink decoration. The volume contains an eight-page poem illustrated in pen and ink and collage, possibly titled \"Think Galactic or Your World is Lost\" (numbered 26 in dealer description of notebooks).","The diary mentions \"Black Ashram Publications\" in a drawing, perhaps as a possible idea for a press by Petra Vogt. It includes diary entries, other writings, titled poems, photographs, drawings, and purple, black, and silver artwork throughout the diary (numbered 27 in dealer description of notebooks).","The volume has a comic-based collage on a paper cover. The item includes about thirty-one pages of photographs, hand drawn illustrations, generally with comics-derived collages on recto or verso, and writing in pen accompanying it. ","It also contains poems, including a few in a hand other than Petra Vogt's. There are many entries in short succession, with the entirety of the journal occurring between September 26 and October 28, 1972. ","They include references to Bill and Charles [Henry], daily routines, as well as a description of the \"Blood Feast\" (likely Dashain, celebrated in the Hindu religion at approximately this time of year). It has three loose sheets laid in (numbered 28 in dealer description of notebooks).","The cover of the notebook is illustrated by Petra Vogt with a black, grey, and white spectral figure. This forty-four page volume begins with an entry dated February 1973, and features poetry and diaristic entries accompanied by collage, photographs and rapidograph illustrations throughout. ","One of the most richly and creatively designed of the notebooks, which includes multi-page works and completed, titled poems. On the inside back cover, notes specify Dr. P.H. Martin transparent watercolors, likely used in Petra Vogt's work: \"Cherise, Prussian Blue, Red, Cadmium Orange\" (numbered 29 in dealer description of notebooks).","The sketchbook includes a few pencil sketches and watercolor paintings, some of which may be by a friend (numbered 30 in dealer description of notebooks).","The sketchbook is made from two folio structures sewn together and includes a few texts, hand drawn illustrations, watercolor paintings, and rapidograph art (numbered 31 in dealer description of notebooks).","It includes pen and ink drawings and handwritten notes (numbered 32 in dealer description of notebooks).","The sketchbook has a collage of a colored mountain scene, made with handmade paper, on the front. It includes calligraphic works, evocative of Sanskrit writing. (numbered 33 in dealer description of notebooks).","The large handmade portfolio contains individual journal entries, artwork, poems, and collages (Series 2.1 in dealer description).","The large folder of handmade paper contains circa 110 leaves and consists mostly of writings, with collage and artwork at times. The leaves are made of various types of paper and the portfolio contains collage work (including material likely related to a handmade photography book, with purple tissue paper), poetry, and journal entries. They are arranged mostly by date, without a year, excepting a grouping of September-October 1972 entries.","The portfolio (10 ¾ x 14) contains this poem:","This grand show is eternal \nIt is always sunrise somewhere \nThe dew is never all dried at once \nA shower is forever falling \nVapor is ever rising \nEternal sunrise eternal sunset \nEternal dawn and gloaming \nOn sea and contents and islands \nEach in its turn \nAs the round earth rolls.","Also present is a handwritten copy of Gerald Manley Hopkins' poem \"Spelt from Sybil's Leaves.\" Other poems include \"Skull Music\" inscribed to Petra, dated January 2, 1973, and other untitled and undated poems.","A handmade black lokta portfolio contains around 26 large artworks, including rapidograph pen and ink drawings, color paintings, pen and white gouache artworks on black paper, and mixed media. Housed in a 23.5 x 17 inch black lokta folder (Series 2.2 in dealer description). Also present is a printed copy of the 1974-1975 \"Phenonemon Calendar\" by A.T. Mann and a printed astrological chart.","This portfolio contains about thirty pieces of artwork, a few inscribed by Petra Vogt, including medium oversize mixed media paintings and drawings, some rapidograph pen and ink drawings, and pen and white gouache artworks on black paper (Series 2.2 in dealer description).","This portfolio includes artwork, collage material, a birth horoscope, watercolors, poetry, white gouache artworks on black paper, a series of printed pictures of mask figures, a separate journal in black lokta paper and other materials related to Petra Vogt's artwork. The separate journal in black lokta paper contains sixteen pages of watercolors and poetry (Series 2.2 in dealer description).","Artwork by others includes an unsigned color pencil drawing of a wizard in a purple robe and an astrology mandala (12 x 12 inches), in pen and ink, on handmade paper, painted with an inscription to Petra Vogt from Tad (A. T. Mann), 1974 (Series 3.4 in dealer description).","This includes a handmade unused notebook (11.5 ½ x 14 inches) with a flower collage on the cover. Also present is a separate sheet of paper covered in red flowers, which may have been used as a cover for a notebook (Series 3.4 in dealer description).","These items include a printed sheet for \"Way Out\" by Gregory Corso, with cast list (circa 1974); printed sheet, \"on dreamers! / waken or die/\" ; printed sheet with poem and woodcut, \"Forests of eyelids\"; title page and sheet of poem from Paul Bowles' \"Next to Nothing\" (Starsteams Series, 1976).","They include images of Vlad the Impaler; Gandi; a cartoonish dancing frog; an art deco swan; a mouse with a star; letterhead with a double-headed eagle; figures designed by Dana Young; a skull wearing a hat and suit, seated and holding a gun (from \"Poem for La Malinche\"); a Dana Young Egyptian figure; dancing or intertwined skeletons; eagle foot with talons within a circle; traditional Nepali and Tibetan designs; with mandalas, Buddhist and Hindu motifs, Arhat lamas, Tibetan Shiva, scorpion protector, and intricate woodcuts of temples.","This collage features a background of cobras with a photograph of a man and candlesticks in front (framed with glass).","Collage features a woodcut image of a candlestick or cylinder with photograph of Petra Vogt's head at the top and entwined by a snake (framed with glass).","These include an image of a rhinoceros that was used on the cover of the Bardo Matrix Starstreams publication of Gregory Corso, skull art clippings, newspaper clippings, pamphlets, postcards, and photographs.","Folder contains clippings from magazines, newspapers, posters of Hindu deities, various comics, news clippings and other ephemera, most likely used as collage material (Series 2.3 in dealer description).","Correspondence includes a note from S.B.I., postmarked Paris, July 28, 1970, to Vogt in Italy, on the back of a printed Living Theatre notice for \"Paradise Now.\" ","There are two letters on stationery from West Bengal. One dated April 7, 1971, is from Diana, mentioning that she had heard Petra had left Italy and Carol had died. The same letter also informed Petra that Birgit had told her that Petra was currently in Morocco making a movie with Pierre. ","The second letter from West Bengal was from Gunter and Odile, who were in India studying the various aspects of the Indian culture, arts and religion and who urged Petra to travel to India and stay near them, undated but possibly 1971.\n \nOther undated items include a card from Mina in Berkeley, California (?), dated July 19th; a collage note with a photograph of Vogt and a separate photograph of the sender, \"In London… I love you\"; undated poem by Caroline, sent to Petra Vogt \"from the Tent in Rome\"; and an undated note addressed to Petra and Carol from Jimmy.","Correspondence includes an undated postcard and a letter, June 19, from \"Geo\" (George?) addressed to \"Most Precious Fools\"; an undated letter from Ross to Ira, wishing Ira good luck with his new book; and a typed undated letter from Tina and Steve to \"My Lord and Lady,\" with both Petra and Ira possibly then in Chicago. Tina writes that her editor loves her new book and that George has gone back to New Orleans where they all hope to celebrate Mardi Gras with Vogt and Cohen.","Several items dated from September to December, 1974, apparently all sent at one time to Petra in Kathmandu, Nepal, from London, in which Tad discusses his work on astrology and mandalas for a wealthy client, and wonders if she has returned easily to the Eastern fold. Tad also discusses his experiments with a pendulum and sends transcriptions of his psychic flash experiences.","Includes five autograph postcards from Young to Ira Cohen and Petra Vogt, two of them with the inscriptions \"from the alchemical wing\" and \"offering of the opium embryo\". ","There are three postcards with apparent poems by Young, which have been trimmed or cut, possibly by Petra for a collage. ","Also present is one holograph manuscript of a visionary poem on brown paper. Most items are signed only with the star glyph of Dana Young.","Correspondence includes a typed letter written from North Wales, October 22, 1970, asking Petra to visit, an undated note with a drawing of a bird from Peter, and two postcards possibly from Peter, both mentioning Marcia, and one telling Petra they were going to Crete.","This file contains titled poems \"After Arnaut Daniel,\" \"A Story for Spider Woman\" by Jane Falk?, \"Precepts Difficult to Follow\" July 11, 1974, with a snake glyph, and \"For Being There That Sun Day\" by David Elyah, March 21, 1971. Other items include a page of musical lyrics with musical notes and other untitled and undated manuscripts.","The album includes iridescent purple handmade paper wrapper with purple, black and silver leaves. The leaves include photographs of Petra Vogt, Mylar photographs and a variety of posed portraits.","Photographs include Petra Vogt, other people, a painting of Petra Vogt, and a contact sheet of skull figures.","Photographs include mainly black and white photographs, in a variety of sizes, some pictures of Petra Vogt, and other people.","Photographs include Petra Vogt, Hindu traditions, children and women from Kathmandu, a photograph of Band-e-Amir Lake, located in central Afghanistan's Bamiyan province, with poem \"Bandamir!\" on the back, and a copy of a collage of Petra Vogt, Ira Cohen and other items. ","Previously was in a handmade paper envelope (11 ½ x 14 in.) containing ten items. One photograph was inscribed by \"Ram\" to Petra Vogt (Series 3.1 in dealer description).","The photograph of Hindu Cremation Ceremony is a black and white image mounted on a wooden board. Also present in this folder is an empty photographic printing paper box.","Poems include \"Poem to Dragon\" by Yuki Jane, a holograph handmade book poem, in black wrappers with blue thread binding; a handwritten Pome for Ira, \"The Creation of the Fly\" and Pome for Petra, \"Benares Haiku\" on the front and back of the same sheet of paper.","Also present is a handmade holograph booklet in black wrappers on iridescent rice paper, \"Book of Shadow\" by Snake Tongue, with the subtitle \"7 Shadow Poems for Ira Cohen.\" The \"Book of Shadow\" has \"Snake Tongue\" in red ink on the first page, indicating Sagaraya as the possible author.","The two dated postcards, are signed Thomas, July 9, 1966, to a Berlin address and in German, and the second, is signed by Julian Beck? (1925-1985), 1978, hoping that Petra will get well so they can dance together again.","One postcard from 1978, has Ira's glyph and was sent care of Banana Joes, Anjuna, Goa, India, with the print cut-out message \"Flaming Angel Remember that when we walk\" glued on the back. ","An undated postcard was addressed to Petra in Berlin and signed Ira, with his glyph. ","The third postcard was written to Petra from Allahabad, India, where Ira describes his journey there, \"poetry to come later I hope\" (January 7, 1977).","Correspondents with their locations include a writer from Los Angeles, California, December 12, 1973, who left books for Ira Cohen at their old neighbors' place, plans on going to Tucson to watch the comet and plans to return to India to live in the mountains in around six months; and \"M.\" who wrote Ira Cohen from Amsterdam, \"our minds keep crossing each other\" (January 22, 1975). ","Marjory Kephart writes from Frankfurt, Germany, to Ira and Petra, reflecting on her time with them in Nepal (June 1, 1975); Chandeen, from Paris, France, to Petra, who calls Petra her \"shadow maker. I walk in your image always dropping silver skulls on the carpets of my mind. No silver monkey skull in suitcase (stolen by customs???).\" Chandeen also mentions Brion [Gysin], Ching and Dui (July 24, 1975). ","There are two postcards from the United States to Ira and Petra, one from Sonja in Hawaii (date unclear but either 1975-1976) and a second from New York City, April 27, 1976, that mentions receiving Ira's \"octopus letter.\"","On one postcard, an unknown correspondent to Ira Cohen, October 26, 1975, writes, \"Dearest Ira, Tonight is last of 25 ceremonies by monks of Gysito Tantric College – end of 6 week European tour. Tomorrow I return to New York City to edit new film I just shot on Tibetan healing. Living Theatre nearly in Venice. Much love to you, and to Petra, and\nto Angus and to Hetty and to all dear friends – I can be reached c/o Shaye, 322 Central Park West, New York City – till March 1975, then probably back to India… for the Lama Dances.\"","\"J.\" sends a postcard from Penang, Malaysia, and promises to send some select choice books to sell in the Spirit Catcher Bookshop (May 3, 1976); a mystical and poetic postcard was sent from Charles and BWK (?), Indonesia, to Ira Cohen (August 25, 1976); postcard from Delhi, India, to Petra and Ira notifying them of their arrival \"from Babylon to Delhi was only a matter of centuries\" and plans to travel to Goa (December 21, 1976). ","An unknown correspondent, on a trimmed down postcard, asked for a copy of Ira Cohen's \"Divan of Petra Vogt\" (1976?). ","Harold Norse, San Francisco, wrote Ira thanking him for his copy of \"Divan of Petra Vogt\" and mentions \"collecting a 164 page book of my gay poems 1941-1976 to be published by Gay Sunshine Press, Spring 77: (Panic Ritual)\" (October 27, 1976). ","Others include: a brief postcard sent to Petra and Ira from Pakistan (March 17, 1977); a postcard from Carlos Vishusnath described his travels in India and was sent in care of the Shrestra Lodge, Jochentole, Kathmandu (September 20, 1973?); and Narada to Petra Vogt, hoped to see her soon (undated).","Jerry and Anne wrote from Samos, Greece, about their plans to visit Turkey (August 9, 1978); undated and unsigned card sent to Ira and Petra, \"Bird of Paradise… sing to her… of the day… when the Tree of Knowledge shall once more burst forth with – the – Forbidden Fruit – A.\"; and a postcard from Austria written in German was sent to Petra in 1979? by Haus.","Includes cards from Jury about Ira and Petra coming to Paris (undated); Paul in Bali on the back of a photograph of a statue of religious figure (1976); photograph of Petra Vogt and a portrait, with the inscription \"Lord + Lady 'N' see '73 in quietly converging\"; and from Fredo, Bali, to Steve Mittenthal, care of Dinsha Sanjana, Bombay, India.","Also includes a postcard from \"M.\" in Milton, Massachusetts, October 23; undated postcard to Petra in green ink, written in poetic form; empty envelope from Mallorca, Spain addressed to Petra Vogt, care of Ira Cohen, New York City; and a postcard from Marcia, September 1, 1971, mentioning being thrown out of Plas by Peter.","Item described as \"a few opening lines from an eleven-hundred-page work in progress.\"","Contains printed material in the possession of Petra Vogt, including the following list:","\"A Short Synopsis of Devayana,\" by Dr. Hajari. Printed at Sri Aurobindo Ashram. Pondicherry, India, 1962. Stamped with Spirit Catcher Books insignia, 1975. (7 ½ x 10 in.)","\"Guide to Learning Nepali\" (in Nepali), in paper wrappers with illustrations. (5 ½ x 8 in.)","\"Nepal: A Miscellany,\" by Madhusudan Thakur. Published by Uttam Kunwar at Rooapyan Press, Kathmandu, 1975. Inscribed by author to Petra (\"For Petra with Love, Madhu\"). In paper wrappers, with PV's notes on back cover. (5 x 8 ½ in.)","\"Nepal.\" Published by His Majesty's Government of Nepal, Ministry of Industry and Commerce, Department of Tourism, Kathmandu, Nepal, and printed at Glasgow Printing Co. Pvt. Ltd. in Howrah, India., 1974. Tourist guide in red boards. Used for pressing flowers and Petra Vogt's collages and paintings, given inside front and back covers. (7 x 9 ½ in.)","\"Pokhara Valley: Nepal.\" Tourist brochure. Published by His Majesty's Government of Nepal, Ministry of Industry and Commerce, Department of Tourism, Kathmandu, Nepal, and printed at Glasgow Printing Co. Pvt. Ltd. in Howrah, India, 1974. (4 x 9 in.)","\"Patan, Nepal: The City of Fine Arts.\" Tourist brochure with map of city. Published by His Majesty's Government of Nepal, Ministry of Industry and Commerce, Department of Tourism, Kathmandu, Nepal, and printed at Jore Ganesh Press Pvt. Ltd. in Kathmandu, Apr. 1974.","Item was used for collages by Petra Vogt, with additional collage material laid in. \"A visual inventory of inspiration for Petra Vogt\" according to the dealer (Series 2.3 in dealer description).","The tarot deck was probably used in collage work. The back of most cards were treated with a glossy black paint and some have been used for other projects elsewhere in the collection. ","Also present are a few silver prints on black paper, collages, and cards from different tarot decks, either in print pages at the back of the folder or in a white insert.","Broadside poem begins \"And again you will be gone.\" The poem is printed on handmade Nepalese lokta paper by Ira Cohen, designed and illustrated by Sidney Hushour (13 x 20 inches).","These are Bardo Matrix woodblock prints of the Silver Surfer and the Vision, Marvel Comics superheroes, used by Ira Cohen as poetic inspiration for his \"7 Marvels\" poetry publication. Cohen had a Tibetan woodblock artist prepare woodblocks for use in this publication. ","These items include small reference clippings (art by Jack Kirby), the Vision character printed on orange silk cloth (9 x 12 inches) and lokta paper, the Silver Surfer printed on lokta paper and two additional woodcuts on lokta paper using Silver Surfer references (Series 3.3 in dealer description).","These woodblock prints include an alchemical figure, a portfolio with mandalas, and traditional Nepali and Tibetan motifs, such as Buddha riding a horse upon a cloud and a tree with a demon-like figure. ","There are also prints of several structures or buildings in Kathmandu, Nepal, including the pagoda Panchamukhi Hanuman, Hanuman Dhoka (gateway to the area of the complex of Royal Palace structures), Darbar Square, and Kathe Swayambhu, Naghal (a Buddhist shrine). ","The woodblock of the Buddha riding a horse upon a cloud has a certificate on the back acknowledging a financial donation from Petra Vogt for building a Temple-Monastery and center of meditation signed by Karma Samde Drolma (?), issued in October 1972.","These large woodblock prints include two woodblock prints inscribed with holograph poems by Petra Vogt, one on a Bardo Matrix print (Series 2.2 in dealer description); several large mandala in pen and ink on handmade paper. (Series 3.4 in dealer description). ","Others include a large woodblock print of an Egyptian figure, King Tutankhamun, on pink lokta paper; a motif of Buddha on a lion (in Buddhism, lions are symbolic of the Bodhisattvas); a handwritten birth horoscope on dark pink paper for someone born on October 15, 1947, in Jamshedpur, India; and dancing or intertwined skeletons. ","Many of the photographs are those of Petra Vogt and associates in Kathmandu, Nepal, and most are attributed to Ira Cohen during his time there in the 1970's.","This section consists of about 150 photographs, chiefly black and white, with a few color snapshots, of varying sizes, most 3.5 x 5.5 inches or smaller. Contains a staged group photographic shoot with sword props and costumes; another staged photographic shoot of Petra Vogt in thick black lipstick with another model; various photographic shoots of Vogt in dramatic eye makeup, wigs, headdresses, costumes, and with props including skulls, sculptures, and other items. ","It also includes Polaroids of Petra in daily household routines, such as eating, sitting in bed, or on the telephone, or with friends. One photograph features a drawing by Petra Vogt on the back. ","Folder contains approximately 76 photographs, chiefly black and white, some of which are likely taken by Ira Cohen.","Most prints are 3.5 x 5.5 inches or smaller. Photographs include Petra Vogt, along with other Kathmandu hippies, including Dana Young, Ira Cohen, Gregg Sharits?, Vidhea Shrestha, Miriam, Roberto Valenza, and others. ","One photograph, which appears to be of Dana Young blindfolded and holding scales, is inscribed on the back: \"For the Khania of Kaloon,\" in Ira Cohen's hand. ","Various other photographs by Ira Cohen, about 21 photographs, include Kathmandu hippies, local Kathmandu people, and local sights. ","The vulture series contains six photographs, 6.25 x 4 inches, including one fragment, which depict vultures in a river, with other animal scavengers. ","There are about 94 \"Mylar style\" photographs by Ira Cohen, consisting of photographed reflections and distortions of other people. These include many photographs of Petra Vogt, as well as others. ","Photographs include one hand-colored Mylar photograph, as well as one color photograph of an unknown model. One photograph is inscribed on the back, \"the ghost of Nijinsky.\" Most are undated but were all taken during Cohen's time in Kathmandu, Nepal in the seventies. ","The scull mask series consists of about seventeen undated images and two small cutouts from photographs of a man in a skull mask, posed with various taxidermied animals, children, Charles Henri Ford, and others from Kathmandu.  ","The Kathmandu photographs by Ira Cohen consist of around 129 photographs, most approximately 5.5 x 3 inches, of people and places around Kathmandu. ","This includes photographs of young boys and girls in traditional Nepali attire, ceremonies and processions, architecture and engravings, skulls, and other scenes.","One photograph of a wooden god guardian on a temple is inscribed on back: \"Hi Harold [Norse], love Ira,\" with Ira Cohen's symbolic signature. ","There are approximately eleven images, including photographs similar to the staged skull mask series, and a few photographs of local Kathmandu residences. See also oversize folder 4.","There are approximately 83 photographs of Petra Vogt in smaller sizes, including a few Mylar photographs, a series with a Nepali child, a few images from a group shoot featured in the first binder, and one color photograph.","There are approximately 58 photographs, including Polaroids, a photograph mounted on silver paper, and color photographs, mostly of Ira Cohen and Petra Vogt together. ","Includes four photographs taken by John Chick, Bardo Matrix co-founder, each inscribed and signed by John Chick.","Includes the following inscriptions: \"Ira Cohen at John's Room, Rose Garden,\" with Bardo Matrix stamp; \"Ira and Petra at Banda. Photo by John\"; \"Ira and Loren Sandlee, Kath Nepal '75\"; and \"I and P '74. Kath, Nepal. Photo by John.\"","Thera are about sixteen photographs of female hippies, featuring Vidhea Shrestha, Petra Vogt, Miriam, and a few posed images on piles of bones. ","A photograph of Vidhea Shrestha inscribed by her: \"Open the door – a crack … / bones would be the ultimate communication / but fruit is at least a catharsis … / see you in a hour …? / Happy 'Scorpio' Day. Much much love: Vidhea.\" Inscription slightly obscured by bookworm damage. ","Another inscribed photograph to \"darling Petra and Ira\" and begins \"Christmas fröhliche\" and is signed by Terez?","There are approximately 118 photographs of the Kathmandu scene, including passport photographs, staged shoots, and pictures of children. Includes Harold Norse, Angus MacLise, Hetty MacLise, Ira Cohen, George [Andrews?], Jimmy [Thapa], Marcia, and other local contributors to the scene.","Includes also: a photograph inscribed by Petra Vogt and Ira Cohen and a photograph of three people (Dana Young and others) inscribed by Ira Cohen, with Dana Young symbol at top: \"The photographer is upside down! For George [Andrews?], from Ira Cohen.\" ","A photograph of young Nepali girl is inscribed \"Isn't she beautifull\" and signed Chaitanya [Upadhya]. ","Two photos of Marcia are inscribed \"For Petra especially\" and \"Marcia in Hollywood.\" There is also a photograph of a woman with a shag haircut, with Petra Vogt's writing on back: the word \"rapidograph\" and other notes in German.","There are many passport photographs including one inscribed \"To Petra: From the waxen wachen … love Loue.\" ","One photograph inscribed \"November 11 / Flash / for Jimmy [Thapa] / with love from Jane [Falk?].\" ","There are approximately seventy photographs documenting her artworks, including material whose originals are included in the archive, as well as other works. ","One photograph contains notes on coloring \"bright orange background red and blue\" (possibly in Ira Cohen's hand), notes in Petra Vogt's hand are on the back of a photograph, and a photograph of her is decorated with silver glitter. ","There are about fourteen assorted photographs, which include photographs of a family with Mick Jagger, Petra Vogt on a boat journey with others in 1974 with descriptions inscribed in blue ink on the back; a photograph of Petra from 1977 dining in a house; a photograph of man with a dog dated 1974; other boating pictures from 1972; and a fragment of a contact sheet.","The bank book belonging to Petra Vogt, 1977-1978, has been removed and restricted until her death. It has been placed in the control folder for this collection in a sealed envelope. The bank book is from the Bayerische Hypotheken- und Wechsel-Bank (short form: Hypo-Bank).","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Bardo Matrix (Firm)","Vogt, Petra","Cohen, Ira","English Nepali German"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS .16480","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/996"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Petra Vogt papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Petra Vogt papers"],"collection_ssim":["Petra Vogt papers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["Living Theatre (New York, N.Y.)","Kathmandu (Nepal)","Spirituality--Hinduism","Spirituality--Buddhism","Bardo Matrix (Firm)"],"geogname_ssim":["Living Theatre (New York, N.Y.)","Kathmandu (Nepal)","Spirituality--Hinduism","Spirituality--Buddhism","Bardo Matrix (Firm)"],"creator_ssm":["Vogt, Petra","Cohen, Ira","Bardo Matrix (Firm)"],"creator_ssim":["Vogt, Petra","Cohen, Ira","Bardo Matrix (Firm)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Vogt, Petra","Cohen, Ira"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Bardo Matrix (Firm)"],"creators_ssim":["Vogt, Petra","Cohen, Ira","Bardo Matrix (Firm)"],"places_ssim":["Living Theatre (New York, N.Y.)","Kathmandu (Nepal)","Spirituality--Hinduism","Spirituality--Buddhism","Bardo Matrix (Firm)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Petra Vogt papers were purchased by the University of Virginia Special Collections Library from Granary Books, Inc. on September 21, 2020."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Counterculture","Photographers","collage","small presses","hippies","prints","poetry","Black-and-white photographs","drawings (visual works)","diaries"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Counterculture","Photographers","collage","small presses","hippies","prints","poetry","Black-and-white photographs","drawings (visual works)","diaries"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["Good. Collection apparently stored in a basement but no active mold. Some oversize materials were folded but these have been put in oversize folders or boxes and a few had preservation attention. Mylar L-sleeves have been used to protect some fragile materials."],"extent_ssm":["4.09 Cubic Feet 5 legal document boxes, 2 letter document boxes, 2 oversize folders (2 x 3 feet and 14 x 18 inches), and 2 oversized boxes."],"extent_tesim":["4.09 Cubic Feet 5 legal document boxes, 2 letter document boxes, 2 oversize folders (2 x 3 feet and 14 x 18 inches), and 2 oversized boxes."],"genreform_ssim":["poetry","Black-and-white photographs","drawings (visual works)","diaries"],"date_range_isim":[1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMost of the collection is open for research. The single exception is a bank book for an account owned by Petra Vogt.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe bank book belonging to Petra Vogt, 1977-1978, has been removed and restricted until her death. It has been placed in the control folder for this collection in a sealed envelope. The bank book is from the Bayerische Hypotheken- und Wechsel-Bank (short form: Hypo-Bank). \u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Most of the collection is open for research. The single exception is a bank book for an account owned by Petra Vogt.","The bank book belonging to Petra Vogt, 1977-1978, has been removed and restricted until her death. It has been placed in the control folder for this collection in a sealed envelope. The bank book is from the Bayerische Hypotheken- und Wechsel-Bank (short form: Hypo-Bank). "],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials arrived organized by the dealer into the following four series and additional subseries: Series I. Correspondence; Series II. Petra Vogt files; Subseries II.1 Notebooks; Subseries II.2 Artworks and artist files; Subseries II.3 Collage files Series III. Ira Cohen and Bardo Matrix; Subseries III.1 Ira Cohen materials; Subseries III.2 Bardo Matrix publications; Subseries III.3 Flyers, ephemera, broadsides; Series IV Photographs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis arrangement has been simplified into three series, 1) Volumes, Journals and Notebooks, chiefly by Petra Vogt; 2) Correspondence, Artwork and Topical Files; and 3) Photographs, chiefly by Ira Cohen. These series contain oversize materials that have been placed in more appropriate containers but are listed in the appropriate series.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Materials arrived organized by the dealer into the following four series and additional subseries: Series I. Correspondence; Series II. Petra Vogt files; Subseries II.1 Notebooks; Subseries II.2 Artworks and artist files; Subseries II.3 Collage files Series III. Ira Cohen and Bardo Matrix; Subseries III.1 Ira Cohen materials; Subseries III.2 Bardo Matrix publications; Subseries III.3 Flyers, ephemera, broadsides; Series IV Photographs.","This arrangement has been simplified into three series, 1) Volumes, Journals and Notebooks, chiefly by Petra Vogt; 2) Correspondence, Artwork and Topical Files; and 3) Photographs, chiefly by Ira Cohen. These series contain oversize materials that have been placed in more appropriate containers but are listed in the appropriate series."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMuch of this biographical and historical information was taken from the dealer description of the collection. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePetra Vogt was born in Berlin, Germany, in 1943, during a particularly devastating year of World War Two airstrikes on the city. She took acting classes in Munich and then returned to Berlin, where she saw The Living Theatre for the first time and decided to join the group in 1962. She traveled and performed extensively with The Living Theatre, including in the performance, \"Paradise Now.\" She met Ira Cohen at its New Haven show (phone conversation between Ira Cohen and Carey Loren, which was transcribed on \"Blastitude, Eternity Blast Special,\" no. 13. August 2002). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1971, Vogt and Cohen finally landed in Kathmandu, after extensive traveling through Morocco, Tunisia, Afghanistan, and India. Living in Kathmandu from around 1972 to 1978, Vogt was an artistic, photographic, and social muse to partner Cohen, as well as Nepali hippies including Jimmy Thapa and Trilochan Shrestha.  While in Nepal, she produced numerous notebooks of poetry, diaries, and artworks, while illustrating Bardo Matrix Starstreams publications, as well as Cohen's work, including \"Poems from the Cosmic Crypt.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile Vogt is peripherally featured in the archives of Ira Cohen, Angus MacLise, Dana Young, and other Bardo Matrix collaborators, her own contributions to this important facet of the countercultural poetics scene are significantly understudied. While Mark Liechty's \"Far Out: Countercultural Seekers and the Tourist Encounter in Nepal\" (University of Chicago Press, 2017), acknowledges her centrality to the scene and describes her role in organizing events, performances, and generally contributing to the dramatically-dressed scene in Kathmandu, no further articles or monographs solidify the contributions of her writings, artworks, or aesthetic. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1970s, Vogt was known for her foreboding dark outfits and makeup; her aesthetic marks her as an unheralded progenitor of goth style, which began to be codified in music scenes around the same time. Photographs of her from her time in Nepal in the 1970s were featured in a recent Photo Kathmandu festival in 2018. She continues to write and make art under a different name in Germany.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIra Cohen (1935–2011) was a noted poet, publisher, filmmaker, and photographer, known especially for his Mylar photographs, which he created between 1968 and 1971 in New York City. These works were inspired by Jack Smith and Bill Devore's black light experimentation, and required subjects to enter his \"Mylar Chamber,\" a makeshift room comprised of the reflective film, which Cohen would then photograph to produce distorted and psychedelic images of his subjects. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis produced iconic images that Life magazine in 1969 said captured the \"euphoric distortions of hallucinogenics\" during the countercultural era, with participants such as Jimi Hendrix, William Burroughs, Jack Smith, Brion Gysin, Angus MacLise, Paul Bowles, and Petra Vogt, among many others. These photographs have been exhibited in the 2006 \"Summer of Love\" exhibition organized by the Tate Liverpool and featured at the Whitney Museum, and are the subject of a new book, \"Ira Cohen: Into the Mylar Chamber\" which was published by Fulgar Press in 2019 with text by Ira Cohen, Timothy Baum, Ian MacFadyen, Alice Farley, Ira Landgarten, and Thurston Moore, and edited by Allan Graubard. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eKathmandu, Nepal, held a vibrant expatriate community of poets, musicians, artists, and spiritual seekers in the 1970s, in large part due to the Bardo Matrix collective — a group that began in Boulder, Colorado as The Experimental Cinema Group, and initially included Angus MacLise, John Chick, Dana Young, and Ira Cohen. Bardo Matrix Press, and especially the Starstreams Poetry Series, created collaborations with Beat and countercultural poets and local artisans to produce books informed by traditional Nepali and Tibetan traditions, sharing new poetic ideas.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBefore 1971, when Ira Cohen and Petra Vogt arrived, a small group of expatriates had already become involved making woodblock prints to sell to tourists. Cohen recounts the presence of Ian Alsop, Francis Brooks, and Simon White, who \"were to play an important role in the development of small press publications by myself, my old friend and comrade, poet-calligrapher, Angus MacLise, and other poets who quickly formed a community in the Kathmandu Valley.\" \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMacLise's work with Piero Heliczer on Dead Language Press, \"making unique books from tree bark or fashioning long horizontal handmade books after the Tibetan or Indian style,\" proved influential: it was Angus who, \"working with local craftsmen and woodblock artists, really began the great rice paper adventure.\" (Ira Cohen, \"The Great Rice Paper Adventure: Kathmandu, 1971–1977.\" New Observations no. 106, May/June 1995. Online at Big Bridge, no. 5.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn Kathmandu, on so-called \"Freak Street\" or Jhocchen Tole, John Chick opened a bookshop named \"The Spirit Catcher.\" The shop was open around 1972–1979, and provided a weekly forum for poetry readings, music, and community. This shop cemented the centrality of the roles of Vogt, Cohen, Chick, and MacLise in the countercultural community abroad, and became both a tourist and local destination (Prawash Gautam, \"How a used bookstore in Kathmandu's Jhochhen captured the spirit of the hippie movement,\" \"The Kathmandu Post,\" December 18, 2018).\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Much of this biographical and historical information was taken from the dealer description of the collection. ","Petra Vogt was born in Berlin, Germany, in 1943, during a particularly devastating year of World War Two airstrikes on the city. She took acting classes in Munich and then returned to Berlin, where she saw The Living Theatre for the first time and decided to join the group in 1962. She traveled and performed extensively with The Living Theatre, including in the performance, \"Paradise Now.\" She met Ira Cohen at its New Haven show (phone conversation between Ira Cohen and Carey Loren, which was transcribed on \"Blastitude, Eternity Blast Special,\" no. 13. August 2002). ","In 1971, Vogt and Cohen finally landed in Kathmandu, after extensive traveling through Morocco, Tunisia, Afghanistan, and India. Living in Kathmandu from around 1972 to 1978, Vogt was an artistic, photographic, and social muse to partner Cohen, as well as Nepali hippies including Jimmy Thapa and Trilochan Shrestha.  While in Nepal, she produced numerous notebooks of poetry, diaries, and artworks, while illustrating Bardo Matrix Starstreams publications, as well as Cohen's work, including \"Poems from the Cosmic Crypt.\"","While Vogt is peripherally featured in the archives of Ira Cohen, Angus MacLise, Dana Young, and other Bardo Matrix collaborators, her own contributions to this important facet of the countercultural poetics scene are significantly understudied. While Mark Liechty's \"Far Out: Countercultural Seekers and the Tourist Encounter in Nepal\" (University of Chicago Press, 2017), acknowledges her centrality to the scene and describes her role in organizing events, performances, and generally contributing to the dramatically-dressed scene in Kathmandu, no further articles or monographs solidify the contributions of her writings, artworks, or aesthetic. ","During the 1970s, Vogt was known for her foreboding dark outfits and makeup; her aesthetic marks her as an unheralded progenitor of goth style, which began to be codified in music scenes around the same time. Photographs of her from her time in Nepal in the 1970s were featured in a recent Photo Kathmandu festival in 2018. She continues to write and make art under a different name in Germany.  ","Ira Cohen (1935–2011) was a noted poet, publisher, filmmaker, and photographer, known especially for his Mylar photographs, which he created between 1968 and 1971 in New York City. These works were inspired by Jack Smith and Bill Devore's black light experimentation, and required subjects to enter his \"Mylar Chamber,\" a makeshift room comprised of the reflective film, which Cohen would then photograph to produce distorted and psychedelic images of his subjects. ","This produced iconic images that Life magazine in 1969 said captured the \"euphoric distortions of hallucinogenics\" during the countercultural era, with participants such as Jimi Hendrix, William Burroughs, Jack Smith, Brion Gysin, Angus MacLise, Paul Bowles, and Petra Vogt, among many others. These photographs have been exhibited in the 2006 \"Summer of Love\" exhibition organized by the Tate Liverpool and featured at the Whitney Museum, and are the subject of a new book, \"Ira Cohen: Into the Mylar Chamber\" which was published by Fulgar Press in 2019 with text by Ira Cohen, Timothy Baum, Ian MacFadyen, Alice Farley, Ira Landgarten, and Thurston Moore, and edited by Allan Graubard. ","Kathmandu, Nepal, held a vibrant expatriate community of poets, musicians, artists, and spiritual seekers in the 1970s, in large part due to the Bardo Matrix collective — a group that began in Boulder, Colorado as The Experimental Cinema Group, and initially included Angus MacLise, John Chick, Dana Young, and Ira Cohen. Bardo Matrix Press, and especially the Starstreams Poetry Series, created collaborations with Beat and countercultural poets and local artisans to produce books informed by traditional Nepali and Tibetan traditions, sharing new poetic ideas.","Before 1971, when Ira Cohen and Petra Vogt arrived, a small group of expatriates had already become involved making woodblock prints to sell to tourists. Cohen recounts the presence of Ian Alsop, Francis Brooks, and Simon White, who \"were to play an important role in the development of small press publications by myself, my old friend and comrade, poet-calligrapher, Angus MacLise, and other poets who quickly formed a community in the Kathmandu Valley.\" ","MacLise's work with Piero Heliczer on Dead Language Press, \"making unique books from tree bark or fashioning long horizontal handmade books after the Tibetan or Indian style,\" proved influential: it was Angus who, \"working with local craftsmen and woodblock artists, really began the great rice paper adventure.\" (Ira Cohen, \"The Great Rice Paper Adventure: Kathmandu, 1971–1977.\" New Observations no. 106, May/June 1995. Online at Big Bridge, no. 5.)","In Kathmandu, on so-called \"Freak Street\" or Jhocchen Tole, John Chick opened a bookshop named \"The Spirit Catcher.\" The shop was open around 1972–1979, and provided a weekly forum for poetry readings, music, and community. This shop cemented the centrality of the roles of Vogt, Cohen, Chick, and MacLise in the countercultural community abroad, and became both a tourist and local destination (Prawash Gautam, \"How a used bookstore in Kathmandu's Jhochhen captured the spirit of the hippie movement,\" \"The Kathmandu Post,\" December 18, 2018)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePetra Vogt papers, MSS 16480, 1966-1978, Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Petra Vogt papers, MSS 16480, 1966-1978, Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThese photographs were originally stored in three binders with descriptions of the contents provided by the dealer. They had been removed from the binders and placed in folders when the processor received them but the order of the contents has been maintained, with the binder numbers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["These photographs were originally stored in three binders with descriptions of the contents provided by the dealer. They had been removed from the binders and placed in folders when the processor received them but the order of the contents has been maintained, with the binder numbers."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains journals, artworks, correspondence, and photographs that illuminate the life and work of Petra Vogt, a poet, actress, artist, and model, known for her involvement with the Living Theatre, Ira Cohen, and the Bardo Matrix Press during the 1960s and 1970s. Of particular interest are thirty-four journals, chiefly by Petra Vogt, with poetry, prose works, diary entries, and intricate rapidograph drawings along with collage, paintings, and other artworks within; about 150 artworks by Vogt, as well as handmade books of Ira Cohen's photographs and collage, 850 photographs by Ira Cohen, including those from his Mylar photography series and 60 pieces of correspondence and post cards addressed to Vogt and Cohen.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \"Adressen-Telefon\", a small silver address book, with Petra's name inscribed on the front page, contains some addresses in New York, Paris, and Munich, with phone numbers, two calling or business cards, one for Hugo Vogt in Stuttgart, and a snapshot of Petra Vogt, all loose inside the volume. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe second volume is a small black address book, which includes a handful of addresses and phone numbers of friends, stamped with P. and B. Abele, Stuttgart, Buchenstrasse, with a calling card for Pierre Fabricius and a small snapshot of a trailer with the name \"Tony\" on the back (volumes are numbered 1-2 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVolumes include one small black and red snakeskin-patterned address book, with addresses and phone numbers, notes concerning Ira Cohen, calculations, grocery lists, and journalist writings, with a single page dated 1977, and a small black \"addressen\" book with many addresses containing a purple and black drawing on the inside back cover (volumes are numbered 3-4 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe small black diary has \"Kwality\" stamped on the cover, and the first entry begins on July 22, 1973, with approximately 133 pages of poems, with some celebrating births and deaths in the community. The volume includes detailed dated diary entries, including discussions of how Petra Vogt prepared for photography sessions, as well as collages that accompany writings, artworks, and small portions of an unidentified script. It also includes autograph writings by Ira Cohen in the beginning, as well as a lock of Petra Vogt's hair tied with purple thread (volume is numbered 8 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe other volume is one thin diary  with brown wrappers covering the period from September through November 1973, with a multi-page essay on \"meta darkness\" and the qualities and rights of the counterculture generation, hand-colored and inscribed back pages in purple ink, illustrations, and writings about or a prayer to Chandeen (item is numbered 6 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe diaries include one small thick black cloth diary/calendar, with frequent journal entries for January 1974 (numbered 5 in dealer description of notebooks)and an undated small handmade diary covered in silver paper, with about forty pages of poetry and small colored artworks (numbered 7 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe third diary is a notebook, February-March, 1974?, with lined pages and no cover, containing approximately sixteen pages of poetry, including drawings. This volume also contains a transcription of a poem, \"Light Breaks Where No Sun Shines\" by Dylan Thomas (numbered 13 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe black sketchbook contains approximately 36 pages of highly detailed rapidograph drawings with watercolor and collage. It also includes an autograph poem \"XZAN,\" signed by Ira Cohen, with his glyph, and a signed sketch for Petra Vogt by Dana Young laid in, with the title \"Stolen Pen? Drawing for Petra\" (numbered 9 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe notebook consisting of a black wrapper has loose collaging materials laid in, which includes gold and other colored papers, clippings, drawings, photographs, tarot cards, and a blank postcard (item numbered 14 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe small handmade art journal or diary in lokta paper wrappers has a collaged cover of flowers and additional lokta papers. It matches a larger book version in Oversize Folder 8. The volume contains preparations for collages, with a few collages laid in, and is stamped throughout with the Bardo Matrix woodcut of a swan that also appears in the Bardo Matrix ephemera folders (item is numbered 10 in the dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe small journal in brown paper wrappers, printed for the 1976 calendar year, contains extensive prose and poetic reflections, pen and ink drawings, collages, along with names and addresses. Laid in, there is a prescription for Gelonida (a painkiller), a bank withdrawal slip, a business card, and clippings from comics. There are approximately 56 pages of top-to-bottom text and artwork (numbered 11 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe journal has red cloth over paper wrappers, with entries dating 1977 to 1979, with extensive addresses, phone numbers and names noted (including Ira Cohen). The handwriting in this journal is not Petra Vogt's.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe journal was likely kept by a person named John who was staying with Paul Gyss and possibly Petra Vogt at some point. The person writes diaristic details, with a few poems, and includes reflections about drug use, Ted Clarke, Jimmy Shelling, Paul Gyss, George [Andrews?], Maggie, and others, as well as details about travels in Goa, India, Kathmandu, and Pokara (Pokhara?), Nepal. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe author turned 37 on August 1, 1979, writing \"unless I O.D. or walk into the river tonight\". Though not Petra Vogt's, this is an important item in fleshing out the daily life in Kathmandu (numbered 12 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe notebook has a gold foil cover and a black fleur-de-lis pattern and was likely used as a music study book, with approximately six leaves of musical annotations (likely traditional music from Nepal), and two loose photographs of unidentified musicians (numbered 15 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMost of the handwriting in the volume is not Petra Vogt's, except for four pages of drawings and an autograph poem with \"July 1974\" dated at the top of the page. The diary is in black plastic wrappers, with 81 leaves of poetry in purple, black and green ink, generally fair copies of work. Two poems are dedicated to Petra Vogt, \"To the Friend\" and \"Homecoming.\" One poem \"Eros\" is possibly by Petra Vogt but is in the handwriting of another author. The author of most of the poetry may be named \"Arione\" (numbered 18 in the dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe diary in black paper wrappers includes ten pages of translation practice and three pages of drawings (likely not by Petra Vogt). Formerly laid in are two items, a typed or printed sheet on handling grave sorrow and a mimeographed dramatic script of Elektra in German, in five leaves, with holograph annotations which are currently placed in the back of the folder (numbered 19 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis thick journal is highly annotated, beginning in August 1978, with daily writings on spiritual work, illustrations, collages, poetry, other writings and photographs with some of the items laid in. One of the drawings has been removed, put in mylar and placed in the back of the folder (numbered 16 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis thick journal has lace and printed script reading \"Petra Vogt\" on the inside cover. This is one of the most heavily annotated and collaged items of the series, containing references to the \"Black Ashram,\" notes on Gregory Corso, a holograph poem by Roberto Francisco Valenza (a Bardo Matrix author) which is illustrated by Petra Vogt, an autograph poem by Iris [Gaynor] (another Bardo Matrix author), autograph poems by Ira Cohen, and autograph poems by others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIt contains lengthy journal entries, extending over multiple pages, an anguished draft of a letter about love, leaving, knowledge, and truth. It also includes poetry, songs and lyrics, collages, original artworks, and other writings. The journal begins on September 30, 1976 (numbered 17 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe lined notebook was formerly laid in a black zippered notebook in poor condition. It includes both musical notations and songs with titles (numbered 20 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are several loose items with the notebook placed in an insert in the back of the folder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe notebook is blank except for a single poem, possibly in the hand of Ira Cohen\n(item numbered 21 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe notebook pages are bound together with a kettle-stitched binding and includes about fourteen pages of watercolor and black ink drawings, some accompanied by poetry. Some printed items are laid in for use in collages (numbered 22 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis thick art book has a silver cover with reflective gems and stamped filigree. The book contains silver collaging papers from a variety of sources, with a few collages on reflective black-painted paper, that include a small photograph of Ira Cohen and Petra Vogt and a larger one of a skull figure. It also contains a short autograph note on a greeting card from Victoria to Ira Cohen and Petra Vogt, dated December 18, 1974.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe book includes silver collaging paper, blank paper, post cards and other material for illustrations laid in the book. The folder of excess silver sheets was laid in as material intended for these artworks. All loose items have been removed from the book and placed in a second and third folder. The third folder contains pages of Nepali script which have delicate sheets of silver gilt between them (numbered 23 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe book includes ten heavily illustrated ink drawings with a rapidograph pen, paint, and collage (numbered 24 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe journal includes twenty-five pages, mostly of writing, with pen and ink drawings, and collages, which mentions Anjuna, Goa, India and the year 1975 (numbered 25 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe journal has a black lokta paper cover with colored ink decoration. The volume contains an eight-page poem illustrated in pen and ink and collage, possibly titled \"Think Galactic or Your World is Lost\" (numbered 26 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe diary mentions \"Black Ashram Publications\" in a drawing, perhaps as a possible idea for a press by Petra Vogt. It includes diary entries, other writings, titled poems, photographs, drawings, and purple, black, and silver artwork throughout the diary (numbered 27 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe volume has a comic-based collage on a paper cover. The item includes about thirty-one pages of photographs, hand drawn illustrations, generally with comics-derived collages on recto or verso, and writing in pen accompanying it. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIt also contains poems, including a few in a hand other than Petra Vogt's. There are many entries in short succession, with the entirety of the journal occurring between September 26 and October 28, 1972. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThey include references to Bill and Charles [Henry], daily routines, as well as a description of the \"Blood Feast\" (likely Dashain, celebrated in the Hindu religion at approximately this time of year). It has three loose sheets laid in (numbered 28 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe cover of the notebook is illustrated by Petra Vogt with a black, grey, and white spectral figure. This forty-four page volume begins with an entry dated February 1973, and features poetry and diaristic entries accompanied by collage, photographs and rapidograph illustrations throughout. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOne of the most richly and creatively designed of the notebooks, which includes multi-page works and completed, titled poems. On the inside back cover, notes specify Dr. P.H. Martin transparent watercolors, likely used in Petra Vogt's work: \"Cherise, Prussian Blue, Red, Cadmium Orange\" (numbered 29 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe sketchbook includes a few pencil sketches and watercolor paintings, some of which may be by a friend (numbered 30 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe sketchbook is made from two folio structures sewn together and includes a few texts, hand drawn illustrations, watercolor paintings, and rapidograph art (numbered 31 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIt includes pen and ink drawings and handwritten notes (numbered 32 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe sketchbook has a collage of a colored mountain scene, made with handmade paper, on the front. It includes calligraphic works, evocative of Sanskrit writing. (numbered 33 in dealer description of notebooks).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe large handmade portfolio contains individual journal entries, artwork, poems, and collages (Series 2.1 in dealer description).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe large folder of handmade paper contains circa 110 leaves and consists mostly of writings, with collage and artwork at times. The leaves are made of various types of paper and the portfolio contains collage work (including material likely related to a handmade photography book, with purple tissue paper), poetry, and journal entries. They are arranged mostly by date, without a year, excepting a grouping of September-October 1972 entries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe portfolio (10 ¾ x 14) contains this poem:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis grand show is eternal \nIt is always sunrise somewhere \nThe dew is never all dried at once \nA shower is forever falling \nVapor is ever rising \nEternal sunrise eternal sunset \nEternal dawn and gloaming \nOn sea and contents and islands \nEach in its turn \nAs the round earth rolls.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlso present is a handwritten copy of Gerald Manley Hopkins' poem \"Spelt from Sybil's Leaves.\" Other poems include \"Skull Music\" inscribed to Petra, dated January 2, 1973, and other untitled and undated poems.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA handmade black lokta portfolio contains around 26 large artworks, including rapidograph pen and ink drawings, color paintings, pen and white gouache artworks on black paper, and mixed media. Housed in a 23.5 x 17 inch black lokta folder (Series 2.2 in dealer description). Also present is a printed copy of the 1974-1975 \"Phenonemon Calendar\" by A.T. Mann and a printed astrological chart.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis portfolio contains about thirty pieces of artwork, a few inscribed by Petra Vogt, including medium oversize mixed media paintings and drawings, some rapidograph pen and ink drawings, and pen and white gouache artworks on black paper (Series 2.2 in dealer description).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis portfolio includes artwork, collage material, a birth horoscope, watercolors, poetry, white gouache artworks on black paper, a series of printed pictures of mask figures, a separate journal in black lokta paper and other materials related to Petra Vogt's artwork. The separate journal in black lokta paper contains sixteen pages of watercolors and poetry (Series 2.2 in dealer description).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArtwork by others includes an unsigned color pencil drawing of a wizard in a purple robe and an astrology mandala (12 x 12 inches), in pen and ink, on handmade paper, painted with an inscription to Petra Vogt from Tad (A. T. Mann), 1974 (Series 3.4 in dealer description).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis includes a handmade unused notebook (11.5 ½ x 14 inches) with a flower collage on the cover. Also present is a separate sheet of paper covered in red flowers, which may have been used as a cover for a notebook (Series 3.4 in dealer description).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese items include a printed sheet for \"Way Out\" by Gregory Corso, with cast list (circa 1974); printed sheet, \"on dreamers! / waken or die/\" ; printed sheet with poem and woodcut, \"Forests of eyelids\"; title page and sheet of poem from Paul Bowles' \"Next to Nothing\" (Starsteams Series, 1976).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThey include images of Vlad the Impaler; Gandi; a cartoonish dancing frog; an art deco swan; a mouse with a star; letterhead with a double-headed eagle; figures designed by Dana Young; a skull wearing a hat and suit, seated and holding a gun (from \"Poem for La Malinche\"); a Dana Young Egyptian figure; dancing or intertwined skeletons; eagle foot with talons within a circle; traditional Nepali and Tibetan designs; with mandalas, Buddhist and Hindu motifs, Arhat lamas, Tibetan Shiva, scorpion protector, and intricate woodcuts of temples.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collage features a background of cobras with a photograph of a man and candlesticks in front (framed with glass).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCollage features a woodcut image of a candlestick or cylinder with photograph of Petra Vogt's head at the top and entwined by a snake (framed with glass).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese include an image of a rhinoceros that was used on the cover of the Bardo Matrix Starstreams publication of Gregory Corso, skull art clippings, newspaper clippings, pamphlets, postcards, and photographs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder contains clippings from magazines, newspapers, posters of Hindu deities, various comics, news clippings and other ephemera, most likely used as collage material (Series 2.3 in dealer description).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence includes a note from S.B.I., postmarked Paris, July 28, 1970, to Vogt in Italy, on the back of a printed Living Theatre notice for \"Paradise Now.\" \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are two letters on stationery from West Bengal. One dated April 7, 1971, is from Diana, mentioning that she had heard Petra had left Italy and Carol had died. The same letter also informed Petra that Birgit had told her that Petra was currently in Morocco making a movie with Pierre. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe second letter from West Bengal was from Gunter and Odile, who were in India studying the various aspects of the Indian culture, arts and religion and who urged Petra to travel to India and stay near them, undated but possibly 1971.\n \nOther undated items include a card from Mina in Berkeley, California (?), dated July 19th; a collage note with a photograph of Vogt and a separate photograph of the sender, \"In London… I love you\"; undated poem by Caroline, sent to Petra Vogt \"from the Tent in Rome\"; and an undated note addressed to Petra and Carol from Jimmy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence includes an undated postcard and a letter, June 19, from \"Geo\" (George?) addressed to \"Most Precious Fools\"; an undated letter from Ross to Ira, wishing Ira good luck with his new book; and a typed undated letter from Tina and Steve to \"My Lord and Lady,\" with both Petra and Ira possibly then in Chicago. Tina writes that her editor loves her new book and that George has gone back to New Orleans where they all hope to celebrate Mardi Gras with Vogt and Cohen.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeveral items dated from September to December, 1974, apparently all sent at one time to Petra in Kathmandu, Nepal, from London, in which Tad discusses his work on astrology and mandalas for a wealthy client, and wonders if she has returned easily to the Eastern fold. Tad also discusses his experiments with a pendulum and sends transcriptions of his psychic flash experiences.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes five autograph postcards from Young to Ira Cohen and Petra Vogt, two of them with the inscriptions \"from the alchemical wing\" and \"offering of the opium embryo\". \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are three postcards with apparent poems by Young, which have been trimmed or cut, possibly by Petra for a collage. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlso present is one holograph manuscript of a visionary poem on brown paper. Most items are signed only with the star glyph of Dana Young.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence includes a typed letter written from North Wales, October 22, 1970, asking Petra to visit, an undated note with a drawing of a bird from Peter, and two postcards possibly from Peter, both mentioning Marcia, and one telling Petra they were going to Crete.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file contains titled poems \"After Arnaut Daniel,\" \"A Story for Spider Woman\" by Jane Falk?, \"Precepts Difficult to Follow\" July 11, 1974, with a snake glyph, and \"For Being There That Sun Day\" by David Elyah, March 21, 1971. Other items include a page of musical lyrics with musical notes and other untitled and undated manuscripts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe album includes iridescent purple handmade paper wrapper with purple, black and silver leaves. The leaves include photographs of Petra Vogt, Mylar photographs and a variety of posed portraits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs include Petra Vogt, other people, a painting of Petra Vogt, and a contact sheet of skull figures.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs include mainly black and white photographs, in a variety of sizes, some pictures of Petra Vogt, and other people.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs include Petra Vogt, Hindu traditions, children and women from Kathmandu, a photograph of Band-e-Amir Lake, located in central Afghanistan's Bamiyan province, with poem \"Bandamir!\" on the back, and a copy of a collage of Petra Vogt, Ira Cohen and other items. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePreviously was in a handmade paper envelope (11 ½ x 14 in.) containing ten items. One photograph was inscribed by \"Ram\" to Petra Vogt (Series 3.1 in dealer description).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe photograph of Hindu Cremation Ceremony is a black and white image mounted on a wooden board. Also present in this folder is an empty photographic printing paper box.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoems include \"Poem to Dragon\" by Yuki Jane, a holograph handmade book poem, in black wrappers with blue thread binding; a handwritten Pome for Ira, \"The Creation of the Fly\" and Pome for Petra, \"Benares Haiku\" on the front and back of the same sheet of paper.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlso present is a handmade holograph booklet in black wrappers on iridescent rice paper, \"Book of Shadow\" by Snake Tongue, with the subtitle \"7 Shadow Poems for Ira Cohen.\" The \"Book of Shadow\" has \"Snake Tongue\" in red ink on the first page, indicating Sagaraya as the possible author.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe two dated postcards, are signed Thomas, July 9, 1966, to a Berlin address and in German, and the second, is signed by Julian Beck? (1925-1985), 1978, hoping that Petra will get well so they can dance together again.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne postcard from 1978, has Ira's glyph and was sent care of Banana Joes, Anjuna, Goa, India, with the print cut-out message \"Flaming Angel Remember that when we walk\" glued on the back. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAn undated postcard was addressed to Petra in Berlin and signed Ira, with his glyph. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe third postcard was written to Petra from Allahabad, India, where Ira describes his journey there, \"poetry to come later I hope\" (January 7, 1977).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents with their locations include a writer from Los Angeles, California, December 12, 1973, who left books for Ira Cohen at their old neighbors' place, plans on going to Tucson to watch the comet and plans to return to India to live in the mountains in around six months; and \"M.\" who wrote Ira Cohen from Amsterdam, \"our minds keep crossing each other\" (January 22, 1975). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMarjory Kephart writes from Frankfurt, Germany, to Ira and Petra, reflecting on her time with them in Nepal (June 1, 1975); Chandeen, from Paris, France, to Petra, who calls Petra her \"shadow maker. I walk in your image always dropping silver skulls on the carpets of my mind. No silver monkey skull in suitcase (stolen by customs???).\" Chandeen also mentions Brion [Gysin], Ching and Dui (July 24, 1975). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are two postcards from the United States to Ira and Petra, one from Sonja in Hawaii (date unclear but either 1975-1976) and a second from New York City, April 27, 1976, that mentions receiving Ira's \"octopus letter.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn one postcard, an unknown correspondent to Ira Cohen, October 26, 1975, writes, \"Dearest Ira, Tonight is last of 25 ceremonies by monks of Gysito Tantric College – end of 6 week European tour. Tomorrow I return to New York City to edit new film I just shot on Tibetan healing. Living Theatre nearly in Venice. Much love to you, and to Petra, and\nto Angus and to Hetty and to all dear friends – I can be reached c/o Shaye, 322 Central Park West, New York City – till March 1975, then probably back to India… for the Lama Dances.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"J.\" sends a postcard from Penang, Malaysia, and promises to send some select choice books to sell in the Spirit Catcher Bookshop (May 3, 1976); a mystical and poetic postcard was sent from Charles and BWK (?), Indonesia, to Ira Cohen (August 25, 1976); postcard from Delhi, India, to Petra and Ira notifying them of their arrival \"from Babylon to Delhi was only a matter of centuries\" and plans to travel to Goa (December 21, 1976). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn unknown correspondent, on a trimmed down postcard, asked for a copy of Ira Cohen's \"Divan of Petra Vogt\" (1976?). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHarold Norse, San Francisco, wrote Ira thanking him for his copy of \"Divan of Petra Vogt\" and mentions \"collecting a 164 page book of my gay poems 1941-1976 to be published by Gay Sunshine Press, Spring 77: (Panic Ritual)\" (October 27, 1976). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOthers include: a brief postcard sent to Petra and Ira from Pakistan (March 17, 1977); a postcard from Carlos Vishusnath described his travels in India and was sent in care of the Shrestra Lodge, Jochentole, Kathmandu (September 20, 1973?); and Narada to Petra Vogt, hoped to see her soon (undated).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJerry and Anne wrote from Samos, Greece, about their plans to visit Turkey (August 9, 1978); undated and unsigned card sent to Ira and Petra, \"Bird of Paradise… sing to her… of the day… when the Tree of Knowledge shall once more burst forth with – the – Forbidden Fruit – A.\"; and a postcard from Austria written in German was sent to Petra in 1979? by Haus.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes cards from Jury about Ira and Petra coming to Paris (undated); Paul in Bali on the back of a photograph of a statue of religious figure (1976); photograph of Petra Vogt and a portrait, with the inscription \"Lord + Lady 'N' see '73 in quietly converging\"; and from Fredo, Bali, to Steve Mittenthal, care of Dinsha Sanjana, Bombay, India.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlso includes a postcard from \"M.\" in Milton, Massachusetts, October 23; undated postcard to Petra in green ink, written in poetic form; empty envelope from Mallorca, Spain addressed to Petra Vogt, care of Ira Cohen, New York City; and a postcard from Marcia, September 1, 1971, mentioning being thrown out of Plas by Peter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItem described as \"a few opening lines from an eleven-hundred-page work in progress.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains printed material in the possession of Petra Vogt, including the following list:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"A Short Synopsis of Devayana,\" by Dr. Hajari. Printed at Sri Aurobindo Ashram. Pondicherry, India, 1962. Stamped with Spirit Catcher Books insignia, 1975. (7 ½ x 10 in.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Guide to Learning Nepali\" (in Nepali), in paper wrappers with illustrations. (5 ½ x 8 in.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Nepal: A Miscellany,\" by Madhusudan Thakur. Published by Uttam Kunwar at Rooapyan Press, Kathmandu, 1975. Inscribed by author to Petra (\"For Petra with Love, Madhu\"). In paper wrappers, with PV's notes on back cover. (5 x 8 ½ in.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Nepal.\" Published by His Majesty's Government of Nepal, Ministry of Industry and Commerce, Department of Tourism, Kathmandu, Nepal, and printed at Glasgow Printing Co. Pvt. Ltd. in Howrah, India., 1974. Tourist guide in red boards. Used for pressing flowers and Petra Vogt's collages and paintings, given inside front and back covers. (7 x 9 ½ in.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Pokhara Valley: Nepal.\" Tourist brochure. Published by His Majesty's Government of Nepal, Ministry of Industry and Commerce, Department of Tourism, Kathmandu, Nepal, and printed at Glasgow Printing Co. Pvt. Ltd. in Howrah, India, 1974. (4 x 9 in.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Patan, Nepal: The City of Fine Arts.\" Tourist brochure with map of city. Published by His Majesty's Government of Nepal, Ministry of Industry and Commerce, Department of Tourism, Kathmandu, Nepal, and printed at Jore Ganesh Press Pvt. Ltd. in Kathmandu, Apr. 1974.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItem was used for collages by Petra Vogt, with additional collage material laid in. \"A visual inventory of inspiration for Petra Vogt\" according to the dealer (Series 2.3 in dealer description).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe tarot deck was probably used in collage work. The back of most cards were treated with a glossy black paint and some have been used for other projects elsewhere in the collection. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlso present are a few silver prints on black paper, collages, and cards from different tarot decks, either in print pages at the back of the folder or in a white insert.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBroadside poem begins \"And again you will be gone.\" The poem is printed on handmade Nepalese lokta paper by Ira Cohen, designed and illustrated by Sidney Hushour (13 x 20 inches).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese are Bardo Matrix woodblock prints of the Silver Surfer and the Vision, Marvel Comics superheroes, used by Ira Cohen as poetic inspiration for his \"7 Marvels\" poetry publication. Cohen had a Tibetan woodblock artist prepare woodblocks for use in this publication. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThese items include small reference clippings (art by Jack Kirby), the Vision character printed on orange silk cloth (9 x 12 inches) and lokta paper, the Silver Surfer printed on lokta paper and two additional woodcuts on lokta paper using Silver Surfer references (Series 3.3 in dealer description).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese woodblock prints include an alchemical figure, a portfolio with mandalas, and traditional Nepali and Tibetan motifs, such as Buddha riding a horse upon a cloud and a tree with a demon-like figure. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are also prints of several structures or buildings in Kathmandu, Nepal, including the pagoda Panchamukhi Hanuman, Hanuman Dhoka (gateway to the area of the complex of Royal Palace structures), Darbar Square, and Kathe Swayambhu, Naghal (a Buddhist shrine). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe woodblock of the Buddha riding a horse upon a cloud has a certificate on the back acknowledging a financial donation from Petra Vogt for building a Temple-Monastery and center of meditation signed by Karma Samde Drolma (?), issued in October 1972.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese large woodblock prints include two woodblock prints inscribed with holograph poems by Petra Vogt, one on a Bardo Matrix print (Series 2.2 in dealer description); several large mandala in pen and ink on handmade paper. (Series 3.4 in dealer description). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOthers include a large woodblock print of an Egyptian figure, King Tutankhamun, on pink lokta paper; a motif of Buddha on a lion (in Buddhism, lions are symbolic of the Bodhisattvas); a handwritten birth horoscope on dark pink paper for someone born on October 15, 1947, in Jamshedpur, India; and dancing or intertwined skeletons. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMany of the photographs are those of Petra Vogt and associates in Kathmandu, Nepal, and most are attributed to Ira Cohen during his time there in the 1970's.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis section consists of about 150 photographs, chiefly black and white, with a few color snapshots, of varying sizes, most 3.5 x 5.5 inches or smaller. Contains a staged group photographic shoot with sword props and costumes; another staged photographic shoot of Petra Vogt in thick black lipstick with another model; various photographic shoots of Vogt in dramatic eye makeup, wigs, headdresses, costumes, and with props including skulls, sculptures, and other items. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIt also includes Polaroids of Petra in daily household routines, such as eating, sitting in bed, or on the telephone, or with friends. One photograph features a drawing by Petra Vogt on the back. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder contains approximately 76 photographs, chiefly black and white, some of which are likely taken by Ira Cohen.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMost prints are 3.5 x 5.5 inches or smaller. Photographs include Petra Vogt, along with other Kathmandu hippies, including Dana Young, Ira Cohen, Gregg Sharits?, Vidhea Shrestha, Miriam, Roberto Valenza, and others. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOne photograph, which appears to be of Dana Young blindfolded and holding scales, is inscribed on the back: \"For the Khania of Kaloon,\" in Ira Cohen's hand. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eVarious other photographs by Ira Cohen, about 21 photographs, include Kathmandu hippies, local Kathmandu people, and local sights. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe vulture series contains six photographs, 6.25 x 4 inches, including one fragment, which depict vultures in a river, with other animal scavengers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are about 94 \"Mylar style\" photographs by Ira Cohen, consisting of photographed reflections and distortions of other people. These include many photographs of Petra Vogt, as well as others. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs include one hand-colored Mylar photograph, as well as one color photograph of an unknown model. One photograph is inscribed on the back, \"the ghost of Nijinsky.\" Most are undated but were all taken during Cohen's time in Kathmandu, Nepal in the seventies. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe scull mask series consists of about seventeen undated images and two small cutouts from photographs of a man in a skull mask, posed with various taxidermied animals, children, Charles Henri Ford, and others from Kathmandu.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Kathmandu photographs by Ira Cohen consist of around 129 photographs, most approximately 5.5 x 3 inches, of people and places around Kathmandu. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis includes photographs of young boys and girls in traditional Nepali attire, ceremonies and processions, architecture and engravings, skulls, and other scenes.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOne photograph of a wooden god guardian on a temple is inscribed on back: \"Hi Harold [Norse], love Ira,\" with Ira Cohen's symbolic signature. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are approximately eleven images, including photographs similar to the staged skull mask series, and a few photographs of local Kathmandu residences. See also oversize folder 4.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are approximately 83 photographs of Petra Vogt in smaller sizes, including a few Mylar photographs, a series with a Nepali child, a few images from a group shoot featured in the first binder, and one color photograph.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are approximately 58 photographs, including Polaroids, a photograph mounted on silver paper, and color photographs, mostly of Ira Cohen and Petra Vogt together. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIncludes four photographs taken by John Chick, Bardo Matrix co-founder, each inscribed and signed by John Chick.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIncludes the following inscriptions: \"Ira Cohen at John's Room, Rose Garden,\" with Bardo Matrix stamp; \"Ira and Petra at Banda. Photo by John\"; \"Ira and Loren Sandlee, Kath Nepal '75\"; and \"I and P '74. Kath, Nepal. Photo by John.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThera are about sixteen photographs of female hippies, featuring Vidhea Shrestha, Petra Vogt, Miriam, and a few posed images on piles of bones. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA photograph of Vidhea Shrestha inscribed by her: \"Open the door – a crack … / bones would be the ultimate communication / but fruit is at least a catharsis … / see you in a hour …? / Happy 'Scorpio' Day. Much much love: Vidhea.\" Inscription slightly obscured by bookworm damage. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnother inscribed photograph to \"darling Petra and Ira\" and begins \"Christmas fröhliche\" and is signed by Terez?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are approximately 118 photographs of the Kathmandu scene, including passport photographs, staged shoots, and pictures of children. Includes Harold Norse, Angus MacLise, Hetty MacLise, Ira Cohen, George [Andrews?], Jimmy [Thapa], Marcia, and other local contributors to the scene.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIncludes also: a photograph inscribed by Petra Vogt and Ira Cohen and a photograph of three people (Dana Young and others) inscribed by Ira Cohen, with Dana Young symbol at top: \"The photographer is upside down! For George [Andrews?], from Ira Cohen.\" \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA photograph of young Nepali girl is inscribed \"Isn't she beautifull\" and signed Chaitanya [Upadhya]. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTwo photos of Marcia are inscribed \"For Petra especially\" and \"Marcia in Hollywood.\" There is also a photograph of a woman with a shag haircut, with Petra Vogt's writing on back: the word \"rapidograph\" and other notes in German.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are many passport photographs including one inscribed \"To Petra: From the waxen wachen … love Loue.\" \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOne photograph inscribed \"November 11 / Flash / for Jimmy [Thapa] / with love from Jane [Falk?].\" \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are approximately seventy photographs documenting her artworks, including material whose originals are included in the archive, as well as other works. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOne photograph contains notes on coloring \"bright orange background red and blue\" (possibly in Ira Cohen's hand), notes in Petra Vogt's hand are on the back of a photograph, and a photograph of her is decorated with silver glitter. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are about fourteen assorted photographs, which include photographs of a family with Mick Jagger, Petra Vogt on a boat journey with others in 1974 with descriptions inscribed in blue ink on the back; a photograph of Petra from 1977 dining in a house; a photograph of man with a dog dated 1974; other boating pictures from 1972; and a fragment of a contact sheet.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains journals, artworks, correspondence, and photographs that illuminate the life and work of Petra Vogt, a poet, actress, artist, and model, known for her involvement with the Living Theatre, Ira Cohen, and the Bardo Matrix Press during the 1960s and 1970s. Of particular interest are thirty-four journals, chiefly by Petra Vogt, with poetry, prose works, diary entries, and intricate rapidograph drawings along with collage, paintings, and other artworks within; about 150 artworks by Vogt, as well as handmade books of Ira Cohen's photographs and collage, 850 photographs by Ira Cohen, including those from his Mylar photography series and 60 pieces of correspondence and post cards addressed to Vogt and Cohen.","The \"Adressen-Telefon\", a small silver address book, with Petra's name inscribed on the front page, contains some addresses in New York, Paris, and Munich, with phone numbers, two calling or business cards, one for Hugo Vogt in Stuttgart, and a snapshot of Petra Vogt, all loose inside the volume. ","\nThe second volume is a small black address book, which includes a handful of addresses and phone numbers of friends, stamped with P. and B. Abele, Stuttgart, Buchenstrasse, with a calling card for Pierre Fabricius and a small snapshot of a trailer with the name \"Tony\" on the back (volumes are numbered 1-2 in dealer description of notebooks).","Volumes include one small black and red snakeskin-patterned address book, with addresses and phone numbers, notes concerning Ira Cohen, calculations, grocery lists, and journalist writings, with a single page dated 1977, and a small black \"addressen\" book with many addresses containing a purple and black drawing on the inside back cover (volumes are numbered 3-4 in dealer description of notebooks).","The small black diary has \"Kwality\" stamped on the cover, and the first entry begins on July 22, 1973, with approximately 133 pages of poems, with some celebrating births and deaths in the community. The volume includes detailed dated diary entries, including discussions of how Petra Vogt prepared for photography sessions, as well as collages that accompany writings, artworks, and small portions of an unidentified script. It also includes autograph writings by Ira Cohen in the beginning, as well as a lock of Petra Vogt's hair tied with purple thread (volume is numbered 8 in dealer description of notebooks).","The other volume is one thin diary  with brown wrappers covering the period from September through November 1973, with a multi-page essay on \"meta darkness\" and the qualities and rights of the counterculture generation, hand-colored and inscribed back pages in purple ink, illustrations, and writings about or a prayer to Chandeen (item is numbered 6 in dealer description of notebooks).","The diaries include one small thick black cloth diary/calendar, with frequent journal entries for January 1974 (numbered 5 in dealer description of notebooks)and an undated small handmade diary covered in silver paper, with about forty pages of poetry and small colored artworks (numbered 7 in dealer description of notebooks).","\nThe third diary is a notebook, February-March, 1974?, with lined pages and no cover, containing approximately sixteen pages of poetry, including drawings. This volume also contains a transcription of a poem, \"Light Breaks Where No Sun Shines\" by Dylan Thomas (numbered 13 in dealer description of notebooks).","The black sketchbook contains approximately 36 pages of highly detailed rapidograph drawings with watercolor and collage. It also includes an autograph poem \"XZAN,\" signed by Ira Cohen, with his glyph, and a signed sketch for Petra Vogt by Dana Young laid in, with the title \"Stolen Pen? Drawing for Petra\" (numbered 9 in dealer description of notebooks).","The notebook consisting of a black wrapper has loose collaging materials laid in, which includes gold and other colored papers, clippings, drawings, photographs, tarot cards, and a blank postcard (item numbered 14 in dealer description of notebooks).","The small handmade art journal or diary in lokta paper wrappers has a collaged cover of flowers and additional lokta papers. It matches a larger book version in Oversize Folder 8. The volume contains preparations for collages, with a few collages laid in, and is stamped throughout with the Bardo Matrix woodcut of a swan that also appears in the Bardo Matrix ephemera folders (item is numbered 10 in the dealer description of notebooks).","The small journal in brown paper wrappers, printed for the 1976 calendar year, contains extensive prose and poetic reflections, pen and ink drawings, collages, along with names and addresses. Laid in, there is a prescription for Gelonida (a painkiller), a bank withdrawal slip, a business card, and clippings from comics. There are approximately 56 pages of top-to-bottom text and artwork (numbered 11 in dealer description of notebooks).","The journal has red cloth over paper wrappers, with entries dating 1977 to 1979, with extensive addresses, phone numbers and names noted (including Ira Cohen). The handwriting in this journal is not Petra Vogt's.","The journal was likely kept by a person named John who was staying with Paul Gyss and possibly Petra Vogt at some point. The person writes diaristic details, with a few poems, and includes reflections about drug use, Ted Clarke, Jimmy Shelling, Paul Gyss, George [Andrews?], Maggie, and others, as well as details about travels in Goa, India, Kathmandu, and Pokara (Pokhara?), Nepal. ","The author turned 37 on August 1, 1979, writing \"unless I O.D. or walk into the river tonight\". Though not Petra Vogt's, this is an important item in fleshing out the daily life in Kathmandu (numbered 12 in dealer description of notebooks).","The notebook has a gold foil cover and a black fleur-de-lis pattern and was likely used as a music study book, with approximately six leaves of musical annotations (likely traditional music from Nepal), and two loose photographs of unidentified musicians (numbered 15 in dealer description of notebooks).","Most of the handwriting in the volume is not Petra Vogt's, except for four pages of drawings and an autograph poem with \"July 1974\" dated at the top of the page. The diary is in black plastic wrappers, with 81 leaves of poetry in purple, black and green ink, generally fair copies of work. Two poems are dedicated to Petra Vogt, \"To the Friend\" and \"Homecoming.\" One poem \"Eros\" is possibly by Petra Vogt but is in the handwriting of another author. The author of most of the poetry may be named \"Arione\" (numbered 18 in the dealer description of notebooks).","The diary in black paper wrappers includes ten pages of translation practice and three pages of drawings (likely not by Petra Vogt). Formerly laid in are two items, a typed or printed sheet on handling grave sorrow and a mimeographed dramatic script of Elektra in German, in five leaves, with holograph annotations which are currently placed in the back of the folder (numbered 19 in dealer description of notebooks).","This thick journal is highly annotated, beginning in August 1978, with daily writings on spiritual work, illustrations, collages, poetry, other writings and photographs with some of the items laid in. One of the drawings has been removed, put in mylar and placed in the back of the folder (numbered 16 in dealer description of notebooks).","This thick journal has lace and printed script reading \"Petra Vogt\" on the inside cover. This is one of the most heavily annotated and collaged items of the series, containing references to the \"Black Ashram,\" notes on Gregory Corso, a holograph poem by Roberto Francisco Valenza (a Bardo Matrix author) which is illustrated by Petra Vogt, an autograph poem by Iris [Gaynor] (another Bardo Matrix author), autograph poems by Ira Cohen, and autograph poems by others.","It contains lengthy journal entries, extending over multiple pages, an anguished draft of a letter about love, leaving, knowledge, and truth. It also includes poetry, songs and lyrics, collages, original artworks, and other writings. The journal begins on September 30, 1976 (numbered 17 in dealer description of notebooks).","The lined notebook was formerly laid in a black zippered notebook in poor condition. It includes both musical notations and songs with titles (numbered 20 in dealer description of notebooks).","There are several loose items with the notebook placed in an insert in the back of the folder.","The notebook is blank except for a single poem, possibly in the hand of Ira Cohen\n(item numbered 21 in dealer description of notebooks).","The notebook pages are bound together with a kettle-stitched binding and includes about fourteen pages of watercolor and black ink drawings, some accompanied by poetry. Some printed items are laid in for use in collages (numbered 22 in dealer description of notebooks).","This thick art book has a silver cover with reflective gems and stamped filigree. The book contains silver collaging papers from a variety of sources, with a few collages on reflective black-painted paper, that include a small photograph of Ira Cohen and Petra Vogt and a larger one of a skull figure. It also contains a short autograph note on a greeting card from Victoria to Ira Cohen and Petra Vogt, dated December 18, 1974.","The book includes silver collaging paper, blank paper, post cards and other material for illustrations laid in the book. The folder of excess silver sheets was laid in as material intended for these artworks. All loose items have been removed from the book and placed in a second and third folder. The third folder contains pages of Nepali script which have delicate sheets of silver gilt between them (numbered 23 in dealer description of notebooks).","The book includes ten heavily illustrated ink drawings with a rapidograph pen, paint, and collage (numbered 24 in dealer description of notebooks).","The journal includes twenty-five pages, mostly of writing, with pen and ink drawings, and collages, which mentions Anjuna, Goa, India and the year 1975 (numbered 25 in dealer description of notebooks).","The journal has a black lokta paper cover with colored ink decoration. The volume contains an eight-page poem illustrated in pen and ink and collage, possibly titled \"Think Galactic or Your World is Lost\" (numbered 26 in dealer description of notebooks).","The diary mentions \"Black Ashram Publications\" in a drawing, perhaps as a possible idea for a press by Petra Vogt. It includes diary entries, other writings, titled poems, photographs, drawings, and purple, black, and silver artwork throughout the diary (numbered 27 in dealer description of notebooks).","The volume has a comic-based collage on a paper cover. The item includes about thirty-one pages of photographs, hand drawn illustrations, generally with comics-derived collages on recto or verso, and writing in pen accompanying it. ","It also contains poems, including a few in a hand other than Petra Vogt's. There are many entries in short succession, with the entirety of the journal occurring between September 26 and October 28, 1972. ","They include references to Bill and Charles [Henry], daily routines, as well as a description of the \"Blood Feast\" (likely Dashain, celebrated in the Hindu religion at approximately this time of year). It has three loose sheets laid in (numbered 28 in dealer description of notebooks).","The cover of the notebook is illustrated by Petra Vogt with a black, grey, and white spectral figure. This forty-four page volume begins with an entry dated February 1973, and features poetry and diaristic entries accompanied by collage, photographs and rapidograph illustrations throughout. ","One of the most richly and creatively designed of the notebooks, which includes multi-page works and completed, titled poems. On the inside back cover, notes specify Dr. P.H. Martin transparent watercolors, likely used in Petra Vogt's work: \"Cherise, Prussian Blue, Red, Cadmium Orange\" (numbered 29 in dealer description of notebooks).","The sketchbook includes a few pencil sketches and watercolor paintings, some of which may be by a friend (numbered 30 in dealer description of notebooks).","The sketchbook is made from two folio structures sewn together and includes a few texts, hand drawn illustrations, watercolor paintings, and rapidograph art (numbered 31 in dealer description of notebooks).","It includes pen and ink drawings and handwritten notes (numbered 32 in dealer description of notebooks).","The sketchbook has a collage of a colored mountain scene, made with handmade paper, on the front. It includes calligraphic works, evocative of Sanskrit writing. (numbered 33 in dealer description of notebooks).","The large handmade portfolio contains individual journal entries, artwork, poems, and collages (Series 2.1 in dealer description).","The large folder of handmade paper contains circa 110 leaves and consists mostly of writings, with collage and artwork at times. The leaves are made of various types of paper and the portfolio contains collage work (including material likely related to a handmade photography book, with purple tissue paper), poetry, and journal entries. They are arranged mostly by date, without a year, excepting a grouping of September-October 1972 entries.","The portfolio (10 ¾ x 14) contains this poem:","This grand show is eternal \nIt is always sunrise somewhere \nThe dew is never all dried at once \nA shower is forever falling \nVapor is ever rising \nEternal sunrise eternal sunset \nEternal dawn and gloaming \nOn sea and contents and islands \nEach in its turn \nAs the round earth rolls.","Also present is a handwritten copy of Gerald Manley Hopkins' poem \"Spelt from Sybil's Leaves.\" Other poems include \"Skull Music\" inscribed to Petra, dated January 2, 1973, and other untitled and undated poems.","A handmade black lokta portfolio contains around 26 large artworks, including rapidograph pen and ink drawings, color paintings, pen and white gouache artworks on black paper, and mixed media. Housed in a 23.5 x 17 inch black lokta folder (Series 2.2 in dealer description). Also present is a printed copy of the 1974-1975 \"Phenonemon Calendar\" by A.T. Mann and a printed astrological chart.","This portfolio contains about thirty pieces of artwork, a few inscribed by Petra Vogt, including medium oversize mixed media paintings and drawings, some rapidograph pen and ink drawings, and pen and white gouache artworks on black paper (Series 2.2 in dealer description).","This portfolio includes artwork, collage material, a birth horoscope, watercolors, poetry, white gouache artworks on black paper, a series of printed pictures of mask figures, a separate journal in black lokta paper and other materials related to Petra Vogt's artwork. The separate journal in black lokta paper contains sixteen pages of watercolors and poetry (Series 2.2 in dealer description).","Artwork by others includes an unsigned color pencil drawing of a wizard in a purple robe and an astrology mandala (12 x 12 inches), in pen and ink, on handmade paper, painted with an inscription to Petra Vogt from Tad (A. T. Mann), 1974 (Series 3.4 in dealer description).","This includes a handmade unused notebook (11.5 ½ x 14 inches) with a flower collage on the cover. Also present is a separate sheet of paper covered in red flowers, which may have been used as a cover for a notebook (Series 3.4 in dealer description).","These items include a printed sheet for \"Way Out\" by Gregory Corso, with cast list (circa 1974); printed sheet, \"on dreamers! / waken or die/\" ; printed sheet with poem and woodcut, \"Forests of eyelids\"; title page and sheet of poem from Paul Bowles' \"Next to Nothing\" (Starsteams Series, 1976).","They include images of Vlad the Impaler; Gandi; a cartoonish dancing frog; an art deco swan; a mouse with a star; letterhead with a double-headed eagle; figures designed by Dana Young; a skull wearing a hat and suit, seated and holding a gun (from \"Poem for La Malinche\"); a Dana Young Egyptian figure; dancing or intertwined skeletons; eagle foot with talons within a circle; traditional Nepali and Tibetan designs; with mandalas, Buddhist and Hindu motifs, Arhat lamas, Tibetan Shiva, scorpion protector, and intricate woodcuts of temples.","This collage features a background of cobras with a photograph of a man and candlesticks in front (framed with glass).","Collage features a woodcut image of a candlestick or cylinder with photograph of Petra Vogt's head at the top and entwined by a snake (framed with glass).","These include an image of a rhinoceros that was used on the cover of the Bardo Matrix Starstreams publication of Gregory Corso, skull art clippings, newspaper clippings, pamphlets, postcards, and photographs.","Folder contains clippings from magazines, newspapers, posters of Hindu deities, various comics, news clippings and other ephemera, most likely used as collage material (Series 2.3 in dealer description).","Correspondence includes a note from S.B.I., postmarked Paris, July 28, 1970, to Vogt in Italy, on the back of a printed Living Theatre notice for \"Paradise Now.\" ","There are two letters on stationery from West Bengal. One dated April 7, 1971, is from Diana, mentioning that she had heard Petra had left Italy and Carol had died. The same letter also informed Petra that Birgit had told her that Petra was currently in Morocco making a movie with Pierre. ","The second letter from West Bengal was from Gunter and Odile, who were in India studying the various aspects of the Indian culture, arts and religion and who urged Petra to travel to India and stay near them, undated but possibly 1971.\n \nOther undated items include a card from Mina in Berkeley, California (?), dated July 19th; a collage note with a photograph of Vogt and a separate photograph of the sender, \"In London… I love you\"; undated poem by Caroline, sent to Petra Vogt \"from the Tent in Rome\"; and an undated note addressed to Petra and Carol from Jimmy.","Correspondence includes an undated postcard and a letter, June 19, from \"Geo\" (George?) addressed to \"Most Precious Fools\"; an undated letter from Ross to Ira, wishing Ira good luck with his new book; and a typed undated letter from Tina and Steve to \"My Lord and Lady,\" with both Petra and Ira possibly then in Chicago. Tina writes that her editor loves her new book and that George has gone back to New Orleans where they all hope to celebrate Mardi Gras with Vogt and Cohen.","Several items dated from September to December, 1974, apparently all sent at one time to Petra in Kathmandu, Nepal, from London, in which Tad discusses his work on astrology and mandalas for a wealthy client, and wonders if she has returned easily to the Eastern fold. Tad also discusses his experiments with a pendulum and sends transcriptions of his psychic flash experiences.","Includes five autograph postcards from Young to Ira Cohen and Petra Vogt, two of them with the inscriptions \"from the alchemical wing\" and \"offering of the opium embryo\". ","There are three postcards with apparent poems by Young, which have been trimmed or cut, possibly by Petra for a collage. ","Also present is one holograph manuscript of a visionary poem on brown paper. Most items are signed only with the star glyph of Dana Young.","Correspondence includes a typed letter written from North Wales, October 22, 1970, asking Petra to visit, an undated note with a drawing of a bird from Peter, and two postcards possibly from Peter, both mentioning Marcia, and one telling Petra they were going to Crete.","This file contains titled poems \"After Arnaut Daniel,\" \"A Story for Spider Woman\" by Jane Falk?, \"Precepts Difficult to Follow\" July 11, 1974, with a snake glyph, and \"For Being There That Sun Day\" by David Elyah, March 21, 1971. Other items include a page of musical lyrics with musical notes and other untitled and undated manuscripts.","The album includes iridescent purple handmade paper wrapper with purple, black and silver leaves. The leaves include photographs of Petra Vogt, Mylar photographs and a variety of posed portraits.","Photographs include Petra Vogt, other people, a painting of Petra Vogt, and a contact sheet of skull figures.","Photographs include mainly black and white photographs, in a variety of sizes, some pictures of Petra Vogt, and other people.","Photographs include Petra Vogt, Hindu traditions, children and women from Kathmandu, a photograph of Band-e-Amir Lake, located in central Afghanistan's Bamiyan province, with poem \"Bandamir!\" on the back, and a copy of a collage of Petra Vogt, Ira Cohen and other items. ","Previously was in a handmade paper envelope (11 ½ x 14 in.) containing ten items. One photograph was inscribed by \"Ram\" to Petra Vogt (Series 3.1 in dealer description).","The photograph of Hindu Cremation Ceremony is a black and white image mounted on a wooden board. Also present in this folder is an empty photographic printing paper box.","Poems include \"Poem to Dragon\" by Yuki Jane, a holograph handmade book poem, in black wrappers with blue thread binding; a handwritten Pome for Ira, \"The Creation of the Fly\" and Pome for Petra, \"Benares Haiku\" on the front and back of the same sheet of paper.","Also present is a handmade holograph booklet in black wrappers on iridescent rice paper, \"Book of Shadow\" by Snake Tongue, with the subtitle \"7 Shadow Poems for Ira Cohen.\" The \"Book of Shadow\" has \"Snake Tongue\" in red ink on the first page, indicating Sagaraya as the possible author.","The two dated postcards, are signed Thomas, July 9, 1966, to a Berlin address and in German, and the second, is signed by Julian Beck? (1925-1985), 1978, hoping that Petra will get well so they can dance together again.","One postcard from 1978, has Ira's glyph and was sent care of Banana Joes, Anjuna, Goa, India, with the print cut-out message \"Flaming Angel Remember that when we walk\" glued on the back. ","An undated postcard was addressed to Petra in Berlin and signed Ira, with his glyph. ","The third postcard was written to Petra from Allahabad, India, where Ira describes his journey there, \"poetry to come later I hope\" (January 7, 1977).","Correspondents with their locations include a writer from Los Angeles, California, December 12, 1973, who left books for Ira Cohen at their old neighbors' place, plans on going to Tucson to watch the comet and plans to return to India to live in the mountains in around six months; and \"M.\" who wrote Ira Cohen from Amsterdam, \"our minds keep crossing each other\" (January 22, 1975). ","Marjory Kephart writes from Frankfurt, Germany, to Ira and Petra, reflecting on her time with them in Nepal (June 1, 1975); Chandeen, from Paris, France, to Petra, who calls Petra her \"shadow maker. I walk in your image always dropping silver skulls on the carpets of my mind. No silver monkey skull in suitcase (stolen by customs???).\" Chandeen also mentions Brion [Gysin], Ching and Dui (July 24, 1975). ","There are two postcards from the United States to Ira and Petra, one from Sonja in Hawaii (date unclear but either 1975-1976) and a second from New York City, April 27, 1976, that mentions receiving Ira's \"octopus letter.\"","On one postcard, an unknown correspondent to Ira Cohen, October 26, 1975, writes, \"Dearest Ira, Tonight is last of 25 ceremonies by monks of Gysito Tantric College – end of 6 week European tour. Tomorrow I return to New York City to edit new film I just shot on Tibetan healing. Living Theatre nearly in Venice. Much love to you, and to Petra, and\nto Angus and to Hetty and to all dear friends – I can be reached c/o Shaye, 322 Central Park West, New York City – till March 1975, then probably back to India… for the Lama Dances.\"","\"J.\" sends a postcard from Penang, Malaysia, and promises to send some select choice books to sell in the Spirit Catcher Bookshop (May 3, 1976); a mystical and poetic postcard was sent from Charles and BWK (?), Indonesia, to Ira Cohen (August 25, 1976); postcard from Delhi, India, to Petra and Ira notifying them of their arrival \"from Babylon to Delhi was only a matter of centuries\" and plans to travel to Goa (December 21, 1976). ","An unknown correspondent, on a trimmed down postcard, asked for a copy of Ira Cohen's \"Divan of Petra Vogt\" (1976?). ","Harold Norse, San Francisco, wrote Ira thanking him for his copy of \"Divan of Petra Vogt\" and mentions \"collecting a 164 page book of my gay poems 1941-1976 to be published by Gay Sunshine Press, Spring 77: (Panic Ritual)\" (October 27, 1976). ","Others include: a brief postcard sent to Petra and Ira from Pakistan (March 17, 1977); a postcard from Carlos Vishusnath described his travels in India and was sent in care of the Shrestra Lodge, Jochentole, Kathmandu (September 20, 1973?); and Narada to Petra Vogt, hoped to see her soon (undated).","Jerry and Anne wrote from Samos, Greece, about their plans to visit Turkey (August 9, 1978); undated and unsigned card sent to Ira and Petra, \"Bird of Paradise… sing to her… of the day… when the Tree of Knowledge shall once more burst forth with – the – Forbidden Fruit – A.\"; and a postcard from Austria written in German was sent to Petra in 1979? by Haus.","Includes cards from Jury about Ira and Petra coming to Paris (undated); Paul in Bali on the back of a photograph of a statue of religious figure (1976); photograph of Petra Vogt and a portrait, with the inscription \"Lord + Lady 'N' see '73 in quietly converging\"; and from Fredo, Bali, to Steve Mittenthal, care of Dinsha Sanjana, Bombay, India.","Also includes a postcard from \"M.\" in Milton, Massachusetts, October 23; undated postcard to Petra in green ink, written in poetic form; empty envelope from Mallorca, Spain addressed to Petra Vogt, care of Ira Cohen, New York City; and a postcard from Marcia, September 1, 1971, mentioning being thrown out of Plas by Peter.","Item described as \"a few opening lines from an eleven-hundred-page work in progress.\"","Contains printed material in the possession of Petra Vogt, including the following list:","\"A Short Synopsis of Devayana,\" by Dr. Hajari. Printed at Sri Aurobindo Ashram. Pondicherry, India, 1962. Stamped with Spirit Catcher Books insignia, 1975. (7 ½ x 10 in.)","\"Guide to Learning Nepali\" (in Nepali), in paper wrappers with illustrations. (5 ½ x 8 in.)","\"Nepal: A Miscellany,\" by Madhusudan Thakur. Published by Uttam Kunwar at Rooapyan Press, Kathmandu, 1975. Inscribed by author to Petra (\"For Petra with Love, Madhu\"). In paper wrappers, with PV's notes on back cover. (5 x 8 ½ in.)","\"Nepal.\" Published by His Majesty's Government of Nepal, Ministry of Industry and Commerce, Department of Tourism, Kathmandu, Nepal, and printed at Glasgow Printing Co. Pvt. Ltd. in Howrah, India., 1974. Tourist guide in red boards. Used for pressing flowers and Petra Vogt's collages and paintings, given inside front and back covers. (7 x 9 ½ in.)","\"Pokhara Valley: Nepal.\" Tourist brochure. Published by His Majesty's Government of Nepal, Ministry of Industry and Commerce, Department of Tourism, Kathmandu, Nepal, and printed at Glasgow Printing Co. Pvt. Ltd. in Howrah, India, 1974. (4 x 9 in.)","\"Patan, Nepal: The City of Fine Arts.\" Tourist brochure with map of city. Published by His Majesty's Government of Nepal, Ministry of Industry and Commerce, Department of Tourism, Kathmandu, Nepal, and printed at Jore Ganesh Press Pvt. Ltd. in Kathmandu, Apr. 1974.","Item was used for collages by Petra Vogt, with additional collage material laid in. \"A visual inventory of inspiration for Petra Vogt\" according to the dealer (Series 2.3 in dealer description).","The tarot deck was probably used in collage work. The back of most cards were treated with a glossy black paint and some have been used for other projects elsewhere in the collection. ","Also present are a few silver prints on black paper, collages, and cards from different tarot decks, either in print pages at the back of the folder or in a white insert.","Broadside poem begins \"And again you will be gone.\" The poem is printed on handmade Nepalese lokta paper by Ira Cohen, designed and illustrated by Sidney Hushour (13 x 20 inches).","These are Bardo Matrix woodblock prints of the Silver Surfer and the Vision, Marvel Comics superheroes, used by Ira Cohen as poetic inspiration for his \"7 Marvels\" poetry publication. Cohen had a Tibetan woodblock artist prepare woodblocks for use in this publication. ","These items include small reference clippings (art by Jack Kirby), the Vision character printed on orange silk cloth (9 x 12 inches) and lokta paper, the Silver Surfer printed on lokta paper and two additional woodcuts on lokta paper using Silver Surfer references (Series 3.3 in dealer description).","These woodblock prints include an alchemical figure, a portfolio with mandalas, and traditional Nepali and Tibetan motifs, such as Buddha riding a horse upon a cloud and a tree with a demon-like figure. ","There are also prints of several structures or buildings in Kathmandu, Nepal, including the pagoda Panchamukhi Hanuman, Hanuman Dhoka (gateway to the area of the complex of Royal Palace structures), Darbar Square, and Kathe Swayambhu, Naghal (a Buddhist shrine). ","The woodblock of the Buddha riding a horse upon a cloud has a certificate on the back acknowledging a financial donation from Petra Vogt for building a Temple-Monastery and center of meditation signed by Karma Samde Drolma (?), issued in October 1972.","These large woodblock prints include two woodblock prints inscribed with holograph poems by Petra Vogt, one on a Bardo Matrix print (Series 2.2 in dealer description); several large mandala in pen and ink on handmade paper. (Series 3.4 in dealer description). ","Others include a large woodblock print of an Egyptian figure, King Tutankhamun, on pink lokta paper; a motif of Buddha on a lion (in Buddhism, lions are symbolic of the Bodhisattvas); a handwritten birth horoscope on dark pink paper for someone born on October 15, 1947, in Jamshedpur, India; and dancing or intertwined skeletons. ","Many of the photographs are those of Petra Vogt and associates in Kathmandu, Nepal, and most are attributed to Ira Cohen during his time there in the 1970's.","This section consists of about 150 photographs, chiefly black and white, with a few color snapshots, of varying sizes, most 3.5 x 5.5 inches or smaller. Contains a staged group photographic shoot with sword props and costumes; another staged photographic shoot of Petra Vogt in thick black lipstick with another model; various photographic shoots of Vogt in dramatic eye makeup, wigs, headdresses, costumes, and with props including skulls, sculptures, and other items. ","It also includes Polaroids of Petra in daily household routines, such as eating, sitting in bed, or on the telephone, or with friends. One photograph features a drawing by Petra Vogt on the back. ","Folder contains approximately 76 photographs, chiefly black and white, some of which are likely taken by Ira Cohen.","Most prints are 3.5 x 5.5 inches or smaller. Photographs include Petra Vogt, along with other Kathmandu hippies, including Dana Young, Ira Cohen, Gregg Sharits?, Vidhea Shrestha, Miriam, Roberto Valenza, and others. ","One photograph, which appears to be of Dana Young blindfolded and holding scales, is inscribed on the back: \"For the Khania of Kaloon,\" in Ira Cohen's hand. ","Various other photographs by Ira Cohen, about 21 photographs, include Kathmandu hippies, local Kathmandu people, and local sights. ","The vulture series contains six photographs, 6.25 x 4 inches, including one fragment, which depict vultures in a river, with other animal scavengers. ","There are about 94 \"Mylar style\" photographs by Ira Cohen, consisting of photographed reflections and distortions of other people. These include many photographs of Petra Vogt, as well as others. ","Photographs include one hand-colored Mylar photograph, as well as one color photograph of an unknown model. One photograph is inscribed on the back, \"the ghost of Nijinsky.\" Most are undated but were all taken during Cohen's time in Kathmandu, Nepal in the seventies. ","The scull mask series consists of about seventeen undated images and two small cutouts from photographs of a man in a skull mask, posed with various taxidermied animals, children, Charles Henri Ford, and others from Kathmandu.  ","The Kathmandu photographs by Ira Cohen consist of around 129 photographs, most approximately 5.5 x 3 inches, of people and places around Kathmandu. ","This includes photographs of young boys and girls in traditional Nepali attire, ceremonies and processions, architecture and engravings, skulls, and other scenes.","One photograph of a wooden god guardian on a temple is inscribed on back: \"Hi Harold [Norse], love Ira,\" with Ira Cohen's symbolic signature. ","There are approximately eleven images, including photographs similar to the staged skull mask series, and a few photographs of local Kathmandu residences. See also oversize folder 4.","There are approximately 83 photographs of Petra Vogt in smaller sizes, including a few Mylar photographs, a series with a Nepali child, a few images from a group shoot featured in the first binder, and one color photograph.","There are approximately 58 photographs, including Polaroids, a photograph mounted on silver paper, and color photographs, mostly of Ira Cohen and Petra Vogt together. ","Includes four photographs taken by John Chick, Bardo Matrix co-founder, each inscribed and signed by John Chick.","Includes the following inscriptions: \"Ira Cohen at John's Room, Rose Garden,\" with Bardo Matrix stamp; \"Ira and Petra at Banda. Photo by John\"; \"Ira and Loren Sandlee, Kath Nepal '75\"; and \"I and P '74. Kath, Nepal. Photo by John.\"","Thera are about sixteen photographs of female hippies, featuring Vidhea Shrestha, Petra Vogt, Miriam, and a few posed images on piles of bones. ","A photograph of Vidhea Shrestha inscribed by her: \"Open the door – a crack … / bones would be the ultimate communication / but fruit is at least a catharsis … / see you in a hour …? / Happy 'Scorpio' Day. Much much love: Vidhea.\" Inscription slightly obscured by bookworm damage. ","Another inscribed photograph to \"darling Petra and Ira\" and begins \"Christmas fröhliche\" and is signed by Terez?","There are approximately 118 photographs of the Kathmandu scene, including passport photographs, staged shoots, and pictures of children. Includes Harold Norse, Angus MacLise, Hetty MacLise, Ira Cohen, George [Andrews?], Jimmy [Thapa], Marcia, and other local contributors to the scene.","Includes also: a photograph inscribed by Petra Vogt and Ira Cohen and a photograph of three people (Dana Young and others) inscribed by Ira Cohen, with Dana Young symbol at top: \"The photographer is upside down! For George [Andrews?], from Ira Cohen.\" ","A photograph of young Nepali girl is inscribed \"Isn't she beautifull\" and signed Chaitanya [Upadhya]. ","Two photos of Marcia are inscribed \"For Petra especially\" and \"Marcia in Hollywood.\" There is also a photograph of a woman with a shag haircut, with Petra Vogt's writing on back: the word \"rapidograph\" and other notes in German.","There are many passport photographs including one inscribed \"To Petra: From the waxen wachen … love Loue.\" ","One photograph inscribed \"November 11 / Flash / for Jimmy [Thapa] / with love from Jane [Falk?].\" ","There are approximately seventy photographs documenting her artworks, including material whose originals are included in the archive, as well as other works. ","One photograph contains notes on coloring \"bright orange background red and blue\" (possibly in Ira Cohen's hand), notes in Petra Vogt's hand are on the back of a photograph, and a photograph of her is decorated with silver glitter. ","There are about fourteen assorted photographs, which include photographs of a family with Mick Jagger, Petra Vogt on a boat journey with others in 1974 with descriptions inscribed in blue ink on the back; a photograph of Petra from 1977 dining in a house; a photograph of man with a dog dated 1974; other boating pictures from 1972; and a fragment of a contact sheet."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe bank book belonging to Petra Vogt, 1977-1978, has been removed and restricted until her death. It has been placed in the control folder for this collection in a sealed envelope. The bank book is from the Bayerische Hypotheken- und Wechsel-Bank (short form: Hypo-Bank).\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The bank book belonging to Petra Vogt, 1977-1978, has been removed and restricted until her death. It has been placed in the control folder for this collection in a sealed envelope. The bank book is from the Bayerische Hypotheken- und Wechsel-Bank (short form: Hypo-Bank)."],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Bardo Matrix (Firm)","Vogt, Petra","Cohen, Ira"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Bardo Matrix (Firm)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Vogt, Petra","Cohen, Ira"],"persname_ssim":["Vogt, Petra","Cohen, Ira"],"language_ssim":["English Nepali German"],"total_component_count_is":81,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:38:40.572Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_996"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_838","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Sir Fitzroy Maclean papers","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_838#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Maclean, Fitzroy, 1911-1996","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_838#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis Fitzroy Maclean papers consist (1827-1996; 44 cubic feet) of the professional and personal papers of Scottish soldier, diplomat, politician, author, and traveler, Sir Fitzroy Hew Maclean (1911-1996) of Dunconnel. It includes correspondence, memoranda, manuscripts, typescripts, newspaper and magazine articles, book reviews, lectures, speeches, photographs, memorabilia, and research material pertaining to his military, diplomatic, political and literary career as well as family and personal affairs.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_838#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_838","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_838","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_838","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_838","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_838.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/103243","title_filing_ssi":"Maclean, Sir Fitzroy, papers","title_ssm":["Sir Fitzroy Maclean papers"],"title_tesim":["Sir Fitzroy Maclean papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1827-1996"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1827-1996"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["File","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 11487","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/838"],"text":["MSS 11487","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/838","Sir Fitzroy Maclean papers","letters (correspondence)","diaries","Black-and-white photographs","Collection is open for research use.","The collection is arranged in four main series, with various subseries: ","Series I: Career and Personal Papers (Boxes 1-11) ","Subseries A: Diplomatic Service (Box 1) ","Subseries B: British Military Mission to Yugoslavia (Boxes 1-2) ","Subseries C: Special Refugee Commission (Boxes 2-3) ","Subseries D: Political Correspondence (Box 3) ","Subseries E: VIP Material (Boxes 3-4) ","Subseries F: Yugoslavia \u0026 Tito Related Material (Boxes 4-8) ","Subseries G: Family \u0026 Personal Papers (Boxes 9-10) ","Subseries H: Honors \u0026 Decorations (Boxes 10- 11) ","Series II: Literary Papers - Books, Television \u0026 Radio Scripts, Articles, etc. ","Subseries A: Eastern Approaches Material (Boxes 12-15) ","Subseries B: Yugoslavia Related Material, including Books (Boxes 15-21); and Articles, Book Reviews, Lectures, Radio \u0026 Television, \u0026 Research (Boxes 21-26) ","Subseries C: Russia \u0026 the Former Soviet Union Material, including Books (Boxes 26-40); Articles (Boxes 41-43); Book Reviews \u0026 Lectures (Boxes 43-45); and Radio \u0026 Television (Boxes 45-46) ","Subseries D: Scotland Material, including Books (Boxes 46-57), Highlanders Television Series (Boxes 57-58), and Articles, Book Reviews and Lectures (Boxes 59-60) ","Subseries E: Miscellaneous Literary Material, including Take Nine Spies (Boxes 60-63), Articles (Boxes 64-66); Book Reviews, Introductions, Lectures \u0026 Speeches and Literary Correspondence (Boxes 67-68); and Radio and Television (Boxes 68-69) ","Series III: Photographic Material (Boxes 70-93)","Series IV: Sir Fitzroy Maclean Additional Papers (Boxes 94-102 ","re the Threat of Soviet Expansion in Asia","Parlimentary Delegation to Romania","Fitzroy Hew Royle Maclean was born in 1911 in Cairo, Egypt to Charles Maclean, a major in the British army, and Gladys Royle Maclean. He was raised in Scotland, India, and Italy and attended Eton (1924-28), the University of Marburg in Germany (1929), and Kings' College, Cambridge (1929-32) where he won a senior scholarship and first class honors. He entered the Foreign Office in 1934 and was first posted to Paris, and then to Moscow in 1937 where he served as the Third Secretary in the British Embassy. Stalin's purges were at their height during Maclean's two years in the Soviet Union, and he was present at the state trial of Nikolai Bukharin in 1938. He also made journeys to remote areas of the Soviet Union such as Central Asia and the Caucasus where few if any foreigners had been for many years. In 1939 he returned to London and worked in the Foreign Office on Russian affairs."," When World War II broke out, he wanted to enlist in the military, but as a diplomat was in a \"reserved\" position and was not allowed to do so. He learned that the only way to be released from the Foreign Office was to declare himself a candidate for Parliament, and so he was returned for the constituency of Lancaster at a by-election in 1941. He joined the Cameron Highlanders regiment in the British army as a private, and then the new Special Air Service (SAS) and served in the Western Desert, where he participated in the raid on Benghazi along with SAS founder David Stirling and Randolph Churchill, and foiled a coup in Persia by kidnapping General Zahidi who had collaborated with the Germans."," In July 1943 Prime Minister Winston Churchill asked Maclean to serve as his personal representative and Brigadier commanding a British Military Mission to Josip Broz Tito, leader of the Communist Partisans in German-occupied Yugoslavia. At this stage of the war, there was a debate in the British government over which Yugoslav resistance group it should support - Tito's Partisans or Draza Mihalovich's Cetniks. In September Maclean was dropped by parachute into Bosnia and met Tito, and subsequently reported to Churchill that the Partisans were the more effective fighting force and would benefit from additional British and American aid. In August 1944, as the Germans prepared to withdraw from Yugoslavia Maclean planned \"Operation Ratweek\" for the first week of September, a coordinated Allied and Partisan attack on enemy communications which proved quite successful. In the course of his mission, which lasted until 1945, he became a friend and admirer of Tito. In 1947 Maclean was asked to head the Special Refugee Commission which had the sensitive task of screening of tens of thousands of Yugoslav and Ukrainian Displaced Persons, some of whom were alleged to have committed war crimes, in Italy and Austria."," After completing this assignment, Maclean focused on politics, representing Lancaster until 1959 and Bute and North Ayrshire from 1959-1974, and served as Parliamentary Under Secretary of State for War from 1954-1957. He was chairman of the Committee of the North Atlantic Assembly from 1964-1974. Maclean's friendship with Tito and frequent visits to Yugoslavia allowed him to play a key role in Anglo-Yugoslav relations. In the 1960's he purchased a home on the island of Korcula, becoming one of the few foreigners allowed to own property in Yugoslavia. Maclean also maintained a keen interest in the Soviet Union where he traveled extensively and he served as chairman of the Great Britain-USSR Association. He lectured frequently in the United Kingdom and the United States on Yugoslav and Soviet affairs."," Maclean's literary career was launched in 1949 with the publication of Eastern Approaches, a memoir of his experiences as a diplomat and soldier, which was acclaimed by critics and became a best-seller. This was followed in 1957 by a biography of Tito,  Disputed Barricade, A Person from England (1958), describing the adventures of English travelers in Central Asia, and in 1958,  Back to Bokhara (1959), and a number of books, articles and book reviews on Yugoslavia, the Soviet Union, and other subjects."," A third focal point of his writing was Scotland, and he published  A Concise History of Scotland , (1970),  The Isles of the Sea , a collection of West Highland folk tales (1985),  Bonnie Prince Charlie , (1988) and  Highlanders (1995). Along with establishing a reputation as the author of entertaining and informative works that blended his travel experiences and historical research, he turned his attention to radio and television, working on a number of documentary programs including  The Road to Samarkand and  The Life and Times of Marshal Tito and two major series.  Portrait of the Soviet Union and  Highlanders ."," Maclean was made a baronet in 1957 and a Knight of the Thistle in 1993, and was the recipient of many honors and decorations including the Commander of the British Empire, the Croix de Guerre, the Order of Kutusov, and the Partisan Star, and several honorary degrees."," In 1946 Maclean married a widow with two children, Veronica (Fraser) Phipps, daughter of the 16th Lord Lovat. They had two sons, James and Charles. In 1957 the Macleans purchased Strachur, an estate in Argyllshire in the Scottish Highlands, and later operated a hotel on the estate, the Creggans Inn, which became known for its good food, drink, and hospitality. Maclean continued to be extremely active into his eighties and kept up a busy schedule of writing, lecturing and traveling. He died of a heart attack while swimming at a friend's house in June 1996. In Maclean's later years, there was speculation that he had been the inspiration for Ian Fleming's James Bond.","This Fitzroy Maclean papers consist (1827-1996; 44 cubic feet) of the professional and personal papers of Scottish soldier, diplomat, politician, author, and traveler, Sir Fitzroy Hew Maclean (1911-1996) of Dunconnel. It includes correspondence, memoranda, manuscripts, typescripts, newspaper and magazine articles, book reviews, lectures, speeches, photographs, memorabilia, and research material pertaining to his military, diplomatic, political and literary career as well as family and personal affairs.","Maclean is best known for his role during World War II as head of the British military mission to Yugoslavia in which he served as Winston Churchill's personal representative to leader of the Communist Partisans, Josip Broz Tito, his diplomatic service in the Soviet Union in the late 1930's, and as the author of the classic memoir Eastern Approaches (1949) and many other books and articles. After the war, he pursued a political career as a Conservative member of Parliament, and, based on his close relationship with Tito, played a key role in Anglo-Yugoslav affairs. He was also noted for his expertise on the Soviet Union."," A third focal point of his life and career was Scotland: he was a proud member of Clan Maclean and wrote several works on Scottish history, biography, and folklore. The collection contains some material in Serbo-Croatian, German, Italian and French."," The papers are arranged in four main series with various sub-series. Items of particular interest in the First Series, Career and Personal Papers, are described in the following paragraphs devoted to each subseries. In the Diplomatic Subseries are dispatches and memoranda of his trips through Central Asia (including Afghanistan and the ancient cities Bokhara and Samarkand) and the Caucasus, on the situation in Sinkiang (Chinese Turkestan) and on the political stability of the Soviet Union, 1937-1939."," The subseries British Military Mission to Yugoslavia contains Winston Churchill's Minute concerning his Mission to Tito, Autograph Diary (2 pages) re his arrival in Yugoslavia, \"Ratweek\" Map (oversize), twelve files (labeled Top Secret) including memoranda, correspondence, telegrams, etc concerning military and political affairs such as Allied operations and aid to Tito's Partisans, formation of the Yugoslav government, relief, the visit of Field Marshal Alexander, Supreme Allied Commander to Belgrade, Macedonia, Prospect of South Slav federation, and correspondence with Evelyn Waugh."," The Special Refugee Commission subseries contains correspondence, telegrams, reports, including one submitted to Foreign Secretary Ernest Bevin, articles, and a draft of a speech on the refugee problems to a parliamentary committee."," Political correspondence includes papers concerning the Lancaster by-election of 1941, the general election of 1945, and correspondence with Winston Churchill, Harold Macmillan, Anthony Eden, Alec Douglas- Home, Peter Carrington, Harold Wilson, Margaret Thatcher, John Major, Robert Kennedy, John Lindsay, Henry Jackson, and Averell Harriman ; a memorandum to Field Marshal Alexander of Tunis concerning irregular warfare; and correspondence and memoranda related to a parliamentary delegation to Romania in 1973."," Material in the VIP Subseries includes: letters and notes from members of the Royal Family including Prince Charles, Princess Margaret, Elizabeth the Queen Mother; Clementine Churchill and Mary Churchill Soames; and a thank you note from Lauren Bacall."," The Yugoslavia and Tito Subseries contains significant material including memoranda of meetings with Tito in 1949,1950, 1953, 1968, 1973; informative accounts by Maclean and other British officers about the Military Mission in World War II for an official book published by Muzej AVNOJ (1970-1971); correspondence about Maclean's involvement in proposals for the publication of Tito's memoirs (1966-1977) and about the nomination of Tito for the Nobel Peace Prize (1972-1973); correspondence and papers by Maclean and others from a conference on British Policy and Resistance in the Balkans (1973); Briefing papers, correspondence and memoranda of Margaret Thatcher's visit to Yugoslavia in 1977, and correspondence and memorabilia pertaining to the Prince of Wales' visit in 1978; correspondence about Maclean's visit in 1989 and transcript of an interview with Prime Minister Ante Markovic."," For the 1990's, the time of war and the dissolution of Yugoslavia , there is correspondence with David Owen, Stevan Dedijer and others, and about the Korcula Emergency Appeal, a relief effort for a hospital on the island of Korcula, Croatia, organized by the Macleans; letters from Yugoslav friends describing the turmoil , and/or seeking assistance in finding jobs in the United Kingdom; correspondence about renewed controversy about the British Military Mission in World War II. and the Aldington-Tolstoy Libel Case concerning the repatriation of Yugoslavs in 1945. It should also be noted that in Series II, Subseries B, Literary Material pertaining to Yugoslavia, there is some correspondence filed with the manuscripts, typescripts, articles and radio and television transcripts."," The Subseries Family and Personal Papers has letters from friends and teachers, some in German, French, and Italian. In a significant group of letters to his parents (1939-1945) from London, Cairo, Belgrade, and elsewhere, Maclean discussed the international situation, his desire to leave the Foreign Office in order to join the army, life in London during the Blitz, the beginning of his political career, and his military service (some letters were extensively cut by the censors). There are also a number of letters to his parents from the years 1946-1955 from Maclean and his wife Veronica discussing family matters and living conditions in Italy and Austria while Maclean was directing the Special Refugee Commission, and about their travels in Yugoslavia, Greece and Turkey in the early 1950's."," Also present is correspondence with Frank McLynn, his biographer, 1990-1994, and two scrapbooks. The blue scrapbook (1939-1951) includes one letter of Maclean to his aunt, newspaper clippings relating to his military service in Yugoslavia, his marriage, some articles by him, a few photographs. The red scrapbook, 1943-1946 also has newspaper clippings about his military service and political career and articles by him."," The Second Series consists of literary papers. This series contains drafts, typescripts, setting copies of his books with related correspondence with publishers and others about the publication process, contracts, royalty statements, book reviews, fan mail, articles, book reviews, speeches, lectures, transcripts of radio and television programs, film proposals or treatments. Several of his books were published under different titles in the United States. It is organized into five subseries based on subject matter. These include:  Eastern Approaches (American title-  Escape to Adventure ); Yugoslavia (the country as originally constituted and also the new states that emerged in the 1990's); Russia and the former Soviet Union and the new nations post 1990); Scotland; and Miscellaneous Literary."," The subseries about  Eastern Approaches contains a typed manuscript (Setting copy) with corrections, including an unpublished introduction; some material omitted from the published version including his admiration for a Soviet army unit, comments on the Cetniks, and conversations with King George VI and Winston Churchill and King Peter of Yugoslavia; letters from Michael Adeane, Secretary to King George VI and Winston Churchill requesting that certain passages be omitted; a letter from Peter Fleming to Jonathan Cape offering his opinion of the book, a letter from Ian Fleming to Jonathan Cape and a note to Maclean."," Other material includes correspondence with Jonathan Cape and other publishers about a new edition, correspondence with Douglas Fairbanks, Eric Ambler and others concerning a possible film version, and with Ian Curteis about a proposed television adaptation."," The Yugoslavia Subseries includes books:  Disputed Barricade (1957), published in America as  The Heretic , which includes an interview with Tito;  Yugoslavia (1969), in which Maclean wrote the text for this book of photographs;  Battle of Neretva (1970); and  Tito: A Pictorial Biography (1980). Also present are articles from newspapers and magazines, 1947-1995, on Yugoslav politics and society, including interviews with Tito. Particularly interesting are two unpublished articles \"Whither Yugoslavia?\" written in 1989 based on interviews with Yugoslav politicians, including Slobodan Milosevic. There are also a number of book reviews of works by Julian Amery, William Deakin, Noel Malcolm and Misha Glenny and others."," In addition, the subseries on Yugoslavia contains lectures, 1949-1995; transcripts of radio and television programs, with related correspondence; and some interviews with Tito, notably The \"Life and Times of Marshal Tito\" (December 1963); and one for a CBS news program (1969)."," The Russian Material Subseries contains drafts, correspondence, and research material for his books  A Person from England (1958), including several autograph letters,1827-1861, of Dr. Joseph Wolff, one of the English travelers chronicled in the book;  Back to Bokhara (1959);  Holy Russia (1978); drafts titled \"All the Russias\" and \"The Other Russias,\" which were the basis for  To the Back of Beyond (1974),  To Caucasus: End of All the Earth (1976); and  Holy Russia (1978) which completed the trilogy;  Portrait of the Soviet Union (1988), including material for both the book and the related TBS television series since Maclean was working on these simultaneously; and  All the Russias (1992). Correspondents include Pamela Harriman, Marietta Tree and Fitzgerald Bemiss."," In addition to his books about Russia and the Soviet Union, his papers also contain articles, 1949-1995 on political, social, economic, cultural aspects of the former Soviet Union, a number on Georgia and the Caucasus, and Mikhail Gorbachev; book reviews, 1949-1994; and radio and television material, such as correspondence and transcripts for programs, including \"The End of All the Earth\" and \"Carnival in the Caucasus\"; interviews with Anna Mikhailovna Larina (Bukharin's widow) and others for the BBC \"Timewatch\" program \"Bukharin.\""," The subseries concerning his Scotland material includes books,  A Concise History of Scotland (1970);  Isles of the Sea (1985);  Bonnie Prince Charlie (1988); and  Highlanders (originally titled  Clans ) (1995). Material for the book and television series are combined since Maclean was working on them simultaneously. Among the articles on Scotland is a notable series \"Scottish Approaches\" which appeared in  The Scotsman in 1959."," The last subseries in Maclean's Literary Papers consists of miscellaneous literary material, including material for the book  Take Nine Spies . There is also correspondence with publishers in which he discusses more than one book, and with his literary agents."," Articles are arranged chronologically, and topics range from post World War II Japan, Korea, Italy, the Middle East, and defense policy to China and Mongolia in the 1960's, an extended trip to China in 1988, and his travels in Nepal, Tibet, and Oman in the 1990's. There are also articles about his military, diplomatic, political and literary career, his travels, and personal life, and note that others are contained in two scrapbooks. The radio and television material includes his commentaries on the international scene from 1946 on."," Photographic Material comprises the third series, which contains twenty-four boxes of photographs (some in albums), contact sheets, negatives, and slides, taken by Maclean, primarily of his travels in the former Soviet Union, Europe and Asia, from 1938 through the 1990's. Especially noteworthy are those taken in Moscow, Leningrad, and Central Asia, including Afghanistan, the cities Bokhara and Samarkand, and Persia, Paris and Florence in the late 1930's, Yugoslavia during World War II, postwar Korean and China, and of Yugoslavia, Greece, Turkey and Iran in the early 1950's. Maclean visited the former Soviet Union frequently from the late 1950's through 1987 and took numerous photographs of his favorite regions, Central Asia and the Caucasus, particularly Georgia."," As for Yugoslavia, there is an album dated 1953 labeled Namanevru Jugoslovenska Narodne, Armije (Yugoslav People's Army) with photographs of Tito, Maclean, and soldiers; and photographs from the early 1960's through 1980 including a number of photographs of Tito. Individuals subjects include Winston Churchill and Margaret Thatcher. There are also many family photographs taken at Maclean's homes Beechfield and Strachur, and of friends. The photographs used in  Eastern Approaches ,  Disputed Barricade ,  A Person from England , and  Bonnie Prince Charlie are also in this section.\n \n The fourth series consists of two small additions to the papers and include some correpondence files, such as congratulatory letters about his appointment as Under Secretary for War in 1954 and his Baronetcy in 1957, his letters published in the press, and the Great Britain-USSR Association; files on his participation in various conferences concerning Yugoslavia and War War II; election campaign materials of Maclean; Notebooks, including \"Russian Notebook\" (May 15-June 17, 1958); \"Mission\" describing his recall from the Middle East in 1943 to go to Yugoslavia as Winston Churchill's personal representative to support the resistance forces that were most effective against the Germans, moving British support from the Chetniks to the Communist-led partisans and Tito, (circa 1943-1944); and a trip to the country of Georgia (no year, May-June); news articles; speeches by Maclean, including printed speeches published in \"Parliamentary Debates\"; passports; pocket and desk diaries; first drafts of \"Eastern Approaches\"; a file on guerilla warfare; a copy of a 1938 Report on Central Asia by Maclean; and Veronica Maclean's description about her first meeting with Josip Broz Tito in 1947.","re Appointments to London, Paris, and Moscow and his resignation from the Foreign Office","re Maclean's Mission to Tito and an Extract from  The Second World War","including \"The Partisan Movement in Yugoslavia\" and \"Note on the Present Military and Political Situation in Serbia\"","Drafts of Statement on the Extent of British Aid to the Partisans","re Appointments and Impact on Service to Constituency","re Irregular Warfare and Correspondence with Field Marshall Earl Alexander of Tunis and Others","re Vietnam War","re the Soviet Invasion of Czechoslovakia","re Interview with Vice-President Bodnaras of Romania; Meeting with Tito; and Draft Article on Sino-Soviet Border","re Winston Churchill","re E.C. Grants for Argyll and Bute","re Consideration of Fitzroy Maclean as Governor of Cyprus","re a Resignation to Veronica Maclean","re his serving as godfather to her daughter, Charlotte","re British Press Coverage of Yugoslavia","re Simic Cureija","re Visit with Tito, with note from Jack Coville, Secretary to Winston Churchill","re Tito","re Korcula","re the Soviet Invasion of Czechoslovakia","re Visit to Yugoslavia for 25th Anniversary of National Liberation, includes photographs of Maclean and Willian Deakin","Decoration Awarded to Fitzroy Maclean","Proposed British Decorations of Yugoslavs","re Yugoslav Students in Britain","re Allied Mission to Yugoslavia in World War II for Muzej AVNOJ","re Korcula, Yugoslavia, Town Twinning with Argyll and Bute, Scotland","re Maclean's Efforts in Support of Tito for the Nobel Peace Prize","re British Policy towards the Balkan Resistance Movements","re Meeting with Tito","re Research and Annual Summaries (Copies) of Events in Yugoslavia, 1957-1972","re Margaret Thatcher's Trip, with Official Program","re the Prince of Wales' Visit to Yugoslavia","re Fitzroy Maclean's article for the British-Yugoslav Society on the Prince of Wales' visit","re Arrangements for the British Delegation to Tito's Funeral","re Official Visit of Fitzroy Maclean","re Program of Economic Reform","re his biography of Tito","re Controversy over British Military Mission in World War II","re BBC \"Timewatch: Tito\" Program","re a Yugoslav Detainee in 1945","re Korcula, Croatia Emergency Appeal","re Benefit Concert for Dubrovnik","re Owen's Mission","re Aldington-Tolstoy Libel Case (Repatriations in 1945)","re Tito Memoirs and other projects","re Purchase of \"Beechfield\"","re Ticonderoga story","re Purchase of \"Creggans Inn\"","re  Fitzroy Maclean","re Evelyn Waugh biography","re Fitzroy Maclean","re Fitzroy Maclean and Articles by him","re Awarding of Baronetcy and Arms","re Honorary Degree from the University of Glasgow","re Honorary Degree from Acadia University","re Honorary Degree from Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, to Fitzroy Maclean and Tito","re Honorary Degree from Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, to Fitzroy Maclean and Tito, signed by Josip Broz Tito and Madame Jovanka Broz","re Honorary Degree from Dundee University","re Special Air Service","re the 23rd Special Air Service Regiment","re Installation of Fitzroy Maclean in the Order of theThistle","re Installation of Fitzroy Maclean in the Order of the Thistle","re Appointment of Fitzroy Maclean in the Order of the Thistle--Congratulations","re Appointment of Fitzroy Maclean in the Order of the Thistle","Order of the Thistle Ceremony","re Freedom of Argyll and Bute","re omitting part of an interview with the King about Yugoslavia from his book","with comments about what Maclean had written about himself in the book","thanking him for the copy of his book sent to the King","re Publicity","Translations","re American Edition","re German Edition","re Paperback Edition","re Proposed Film, with a copy of the script for the film, April 1956","re Proposed TV Series","re Proposed TV Series","re Yugoslav Edition","re Yugoslav Edition","Letter of thanks on behalf of Tito","re American Edition,  The Heretic","re Translations","re German Forces in Yugoslavia","including \"The Fourth Enemy Offensive\" and some in Serbo-Croatian","re Book Promotion Tour in Yugoslavia","re Book Promotion Tour in Yugoslavia","including some correspondence and notes","re Korcula by Charles Maclean","Unpublished","re of BBC Radio Broadcast on Mission to Tito","re Tito obituary for BBC Radio","re BBC Radio \"I Was There\"","re Film \"General from Strachur\"","re BBC Television Tito Obituary","re Tito Interview for CBS News","re Proposed BBC Programs","re Proposed Film on Tito","re BBC Program on the S.O.E. (Special Operations Executive)","re BBC Program on Evelyn Waugh","re Miscellaneous Television and Film Projects","re BBC Program \"Ratlines\"","re VPRO Program","re New Edition","re Proposed Film","re Research","re Translations","Original Letters of Joseph Wolff and Correspondence with Ancient Light Bookshop","Transcripts and Copies of Letters of Charles Stoddart and others from the Public Records Office","re American Edition and Other Projects","re Copyright Renewal","re German edition","re the Sino Russian Border in  Life","re the Caucasus Region","Correspondence re","re the Bukharin Trial in Moscow \u0026 Interview with his widow","re Mikhail Gorbachev","re Georgia in  The Sunday Times","re Azerbaijan","re Georgia, including notes and drafts","re Georgia in  The Scotsman Magazine","re Azerbaijan","re Caucasus","re Mikhail Gorbachov","re Mikhail Gorbachev in honor of Hugh Seton-Watson","given at Foyle's Lunch","re Georgia","re Georgia","re a New Edition","re an American Edition","re a German Edition","August 1, 1996 from Edwin Moore to Veronica Maclean","re German Edition","re reprint as  West Highland Tales","re Publicity \u0026 Book Reviews","re Publicity","re \"Scotland in Parliament\"","re Japan","re Asia","re Korea","re Italy","re the Middle East","re Persia","re Defense of Great Britain","re Greece","re Libya during World War II","re Turkey","re China \"Inside Red China\"","re China Trip","re China \"Peking Revisited,\" \"Don't Let China Stew in Her Own Juice,\" and \"Eyewitnesses in China\"","re Mongolia","re Sir Winston Churchill","Mongolia","re the Black Sea, including one by Veronica Maclean","re Defense of Europe: \"Nuclear Deterrence and Conventional Forces,\" with Correspondence","re China--Trip to Kashgar in Chinese Turkestan, including Correspondence","re Nepal and Bhutan","re Germany","re David Stirling for  Dictionary of National Biography and Correspondence","re Canary Islands","re Oman","re Tibet--Correspondence, Travel Arrangements, and Memorabilia","re Tibet","re the Channel Tunnel","re Fitzroy Maclean, some in German, French, Serbo-Croatian, Swedish, and Dutch","re Tibet","re Publication of Evelyn Waugh's Diaries, which include references to Fitzroy Maclean","re Invitation to Frankfurt","re German Translations of  Isles of the Sea and  Eastern Approaches","re Proposed Book of Interviews including Fitzroy Maclean","some accompanied by correspondence, including: Violet Asquith, Nancy Astor, Charles Bohlen, John Bute, Nicolae Causescu, Earl Cawdor, Thomas Churchill, John Clarke, the Queen Mother, Lord Lovat, Charles Maclean, Andrew Maxwell, Paddy Mayne and Bill Elliot, Iain Moncrieffe, Peter Moore, David Scott, David Stirling, and Lord Ward","People","Environs \u0026 Monasteries","GUM Store, Race Track, \u0026 Fashions","The Kremlin \u0026 Red Square","The file includes a draft of a 1968 letter to Aleksey Aleksandrovich Surkov, President of the USSR - Great Britain Society, also includes letters to and from the Baroness Asquith of Yarnbury (\"Violet\").","Notebooks include \"Russian Notebook\" (May 15-June 17, 1958); \"Mission\" describing his recall from the Middle East in 1943 to go to Yugoslavia as Winston Churchill's personal representative to support the resistance forces that were most effective against the Germans, moving British support from the Chetniks to the Communist-led partisans and Tito, (circa 1943-1944); and a trip to the country of Georgia (no year, May-June), circa 1943-1958","Includes Maclean's undated notes on Soviet history up to \"Glasnost,\" notes on the \"Council of Europe,\" (1973); series of letters between Sir Charles Peake, British Embassy, and Sir Fitzroy Maclean, 1946-1953.","These include a speech before the Boarding House and Catering Association, one mentioning nuclear deterrence, and international events.","This addition contains two letters written by Fitzroy Maclean and John Baldock to Helen F. Moore of Leicester, England. A typewritten letter from Maclean to Baldock addresses Moore's concern regarding rioting by South Koreans in the vicinity of the Troops Rest Center at Inchon and her request to move the Center. He reviews her concern, noting that the demonstrations were against the Neutral Nations Armistice Commission and took place six and a half miles from the Center. He notes that the Center was not affected by the rioting and that, after careful consideration, the Center would remain open and not move to another area. The second item is a cover letter from John Baldock forwarding Maclean's response to Ms. Moore.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Maclean, Fitzroy, 1911-1996","Materials are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 11487","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/838"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Sir Fitzroy Maclean papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Sir Fitzroy Maclean papers"],"collection_ssim":["Sir Fitzroy Maclean papers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Maclean, Fitzroy, 1911-1996"],"creator_ssim":["Maclean, Fitzroy, 1911-1996"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Maclean, Fitzroy, 1911-1996"],"creators_ssim":["Maclean, Fitzroy, 1911-1996"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased by the University of Virginia Library on November 30, 1998. The first addition, consisting of the desk diaries of Sir Fitzroy Maclean (MSS 11487-a), was received on March 7, 2003, and the second addition (ViU20160030) was received on December 1, 2015."],"access_subjects_ssim":["letters (correspondence)","diaries","Black-and-white photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["letters (correspondence)","diaries","Black-and-white photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["44 Cubic Feet 102 document boxes, 2 os folders"],"extent_tesim":["44 Cubic Feet 102 document boxes, 2 os folders"],"genreform_ssim":["letters (correspondence)","diaries","Black-and-white photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research use."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in four main series, with various subseries: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Career and Personal Papers (Boxes 1-11) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A: Diplomatic Service (Box 1) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B: British Military Mission to Yugoslavia (Boxes 1-2) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries C: Special Refugee Commission (Boxes 2-3) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries D: Political Correspondence (Box 3) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries E: VIP Material (Boxes 3-4) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries F: Yugoslavia \u0026amp; Tito Related Material (Boxes 4-8) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries G: Family \u0026amp; Personal Papers (Boxes 9-10) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries H: Honors \u0026amp; Decorations (Boxes 10- 11) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Literary Papers - Books, Television \u0026amp; Radio Scripts, Articles, etc. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A: Eastern Approaches Material (Boxes 12-15) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B: Yugoslavia Related Material, including Books (Boxes 15-21); and Articles, Book Reviews, Lectures, Radio \u0026amp; Television, \u0026amp; Research (Boxes 21-26) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries C: Russia \u0026amp; the Former Soviet Union Material, including Books (Boxes 26-40); Articles (Boxes 41-43); Book Reviews \u0026amp; Lectures (Boxes 43-45); and Radio \u0026amp; Television (Boxes 45-46) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries D: Scotland Material, including Books (Boxes 46-57), Highlanders Television Series (Boxes 57-58), and Articles, Book Reviews and Lectures (Boxes 59-60) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries E: Miscellaneous Literary Material, including Take Nine Spies (Boxes 60-63), Articles (Boxes 64-66); Book Reviews, Introductions, Lectures \u0026amp; Speeches and Literary Correspondence (Boxes 67-68); and Radio and Television (Boxes 68-69) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III: Photographic Material (Boxes 70-93)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV: Sir Fitzroy Maclean Additional Papers (Boxes 94-102 \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere the Threat of Soviet Expansion in Asia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParlimentary Delegation to Romania\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in four main series, with various subseries: ","Series I: Career and Personal Papers (Boxes 1-11) ","Subseries A: Diplomatic Service (Box 1) ","Subseries B: British Military Mission to Yugoslavia (Boxes 1-2) ","Subseries C: Special Refugee Commission (Boxes 2-3) ","Subseries D: Political Correspondence (Box 3) ","Subseries E: VIP Material (Boxes 3-4) ","Subseries F: Yugoslavia \u0026 Tito Related Material (Boxes 4-8) ","Subseries G: Family \u0026 Personal Papers (Boxes 9-10) ","Subseries H: Honors \u0026 Decorations (Boxes 10- 11) ","Series II: Literary Papers - Books, Television \u0026 Radio Scripts, Articles, etc. ","Subseries A: Eastern Approaches Material (Boxes 12-15) ","Subseries B: Yugoslavia Related Material, including Books (Boxes 15-21); and Articles, Book Reviews, Lectures, Radio \u0026 Television, \u0026 Research (Boxes 21-26) ","Subseries C: Russia \u0026 the Former Soviet Union Material, including Books (Boxes 26-40); Articles (Boxes 41-43); Book Reviews \u0026 Lectures (Boxes 43-45); and Radio \u0026 Television (Boxes 45-46) ","Subseries D: Scotland Material, including Books (Boxes 46-57), Highlanders Television Series (Boxes 57-58), and Articles, Book Reviews and Lectures (Boxes 59-60) ","Subseries E: Miscellaneous Literary Material, including Take Nine Spies (Boxes 60-63), Articles (Boxes 64-66); Book Reviews, Introductions, Lectures \u0026 Speeches and Literary Correspondence (Boxes 67-68); and Radio and Television (Boxes 68-69) ","Series III: Photographic Material (Boxes 70-93)","Series IV: Sir Fitzroy Maclean Additional Papers (Boxes 94-102 ","re the Threat of Soviet Expansion in Asia","Parlimentary Delegation to Romania"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFitzroy Hew Royle Maclean was born in 1911 in Cairo, Egypt to Charles Maclean, a major in the British army, and Gladys Royle Maclean. He was raised in Scotland, India, and Italy and attended Eton (1924-28), the University of Marburg in Germany (1929), and Kings' College, Cambridge (1929-32) where he won a senior scholarship and first class honors. He entered the Foreign Office in 1934 and was first posted to Paris, and then to Moscow in 1937 where he served as the Third Secretary in the British Embassy. Stalin's purges were at their height during Maclean's two years in the Soviet Union, and he was present at the state trial of Nikolai Bukharin in 1938. He also made journeys to remote areas of the Soviet Union such as Central Asia and the Caucasus where few if any foreigners had been for many years. In 1939 he returned to London and worked in the Foreign Office on Russian affairs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e When World War II broke out, he wanted to enlist in the military, but as a diplomat was in a \"reserved\" position and was not allowed to do so. He learned that the only way to be released from the Foreign Office was to declare himself a candidate for Parliament, and so he was returned for the constituency of Lancaster at a by-election in 1941. He joined the Cameron Highlanders regiment in the British army as a private, and then the new Special Air Service (SAS) and served in the Western Desert, where he participated in the raid on Benghazi along with SAS founder David Stirling and Randolph Churchill, and foiled a coup in Persia by kidnapping General Zahidi who had collaborated with the Germans.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In July 1943 Prime Minister Winston Churchill asked Maclean to serve as his personal representative and Brigadier commanding a British Military Mission to Josip Broz Tito, leader of the Communist Partisans in German-occupied Yugoslavia. At this stage of the war, there was a debate in the British government over which Yugoslav resistance group it should support - Tito's Partisans or Draza Mihalovich's Cetniks. In September Maclean was dropped by parachute into Bosnia and met Tito, and subsequently reported to Churchill that the Partisans were the more effective fighting force and would benefit from additional British and American aid. In August 1944, as the Germans prepared to withdraw from Yugoslavia Maclean planned \"Operation Ratweek\" for the first week of September, a coordinated Allied and Partisan attack on enemy communications which proved quite successful. In the course of his mission, which lasted until 1945, he became a friend and admirer of Tito. In 1947 Maclean was asked to head the Special Refugee Commission which had the sensitive task of screening of tens of thousands of Yugoslav and Ukrainian Displaced Persons, some of whom were alleged to have committed war crimes, in Italy and Austria.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e After completing this assignment, Maclean focused on politics, representing Lancaster until 1959 and Bute and North Ayrshire from 1959-1974, and served as Parliamentary Under Secretary of State for War from 1954-1957. He was chairman of the Committee of the North Atlantic Assembly from 1964-1974. Maclean's friendship with Tito and frequent visits to Yugoslavia allowed him to play a key role in Anglo-Yugoslav relations. In the 1960's he purchased a home on the island of Korcula, becoming one of the few foreigners allowed to own property in Yugoslavia. Maclean also maintained a keen interest in the Soviet Union where he traveled extensively and he served as chairman of the Great Britain-USSR Association. He lectured frequently in the United Kingdom and the United States on Yugoslav and Soviet affairs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Maclean's literary career was launched in 1949 with the publication of Eastern Approaches, a memoir of his experiences as a diplomat and soldier, which was acclaimed by critics and became a best-seller. This was followed in 1957 by a biography of Tito, \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eDisputed Barricade, A Person from England\u003c/title\u003e(1958), describing the adventures of English travelers in Central Asia, and in 1958, \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eBack to Bokhara\u003c/title\u003e(1959), and a number of books, articles and book reviews on Yugoslavia, the Soviet Union, and other subjects.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e A third focal point of his writing was Scotland, and he published \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eA Concise History of Scotland\u003c/title\u003e, (1970), \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Isles of the Sea\u003c/title\u003e, a collection of West Highland folk tales (1985), \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eBonnie Prince Charlie\u003c/title\u003e, (1988) and \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eHighlanders\u003c/title\u003e(1995). Along with establishing a reputation as the author of entertaining and informative works that blended his travel experiences and historical research, he turned his attention to radio and television, working on a number of documentary programs including \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Road to Samarkand\u003c/title\u003eand \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Life and Times of Marshal Tito\u003c/title\u003eand two major series. \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003ePortrait of the Soviet Union\u003c/title\u003eand \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eHighlanders\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Maclean was made a baronet in 1957 and a Knight of the Thistle in 1993, and was the recipient of many honors and decorations including the Commander of the British Empire, the Croix de Guerre, the Order of Kutusov, and the Partisan Star, and several honorary degrees.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In 1946 Maclean married a widow with two children, Veronica (Fraser) Phipps, daughter of the 16th Lord Lovat. They had two sons, James and Charles. In 1957 the Macleans purchased Strachur, an estate in Argyllshire in the Scottish Highlands, and later operated a hotel on the estate, the Creggans Inn, which became known for its good food, drink, and hospitality. Maclean continued to be extremely active into his eighties and kept up a busy schedule of writing, lecturing and traveling. He died of a heart attack while swimming at a friend's house in June 1996. In Maclean's later years, there was speculation that he had been the inspiration for Ian Fleming's James Bond.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Fitzroy Hew Royle Maclean was born in 1911 in Cairo, Egypt to Charles Maclean, a major in the British army, and Gladys Royle Maclean. He was raised in Scotland, India, and Italy and attended Eton (1924-28), the University of Marburg in Germany (1929), and Kings' College, Cambridge (1929-32) where he won a senior scholarship and first class honors. He entered the Foreign Office in 1934 and was first posted to Paris, and then to Moscow in 1937 where he served as the Third Secretary in the British Embassy. Stalin's purges were at their height during Maclean's two years in the Soviet Union, and he was present at the state trial of Nikolai Bukharin in 1938. He also made journeys to remote areas of the Soviet Union such as Central Asia and the Caucasus where few if any foreigners had been for many years. In 1939 he returned to London and worked in the Foreign Office on Russian affairs."," When World War II broke out, he wanted to enlist in the military, but as a diplomat was in a \"reserved\" position and was not allowed to do so. He learned that the only way to be released from the Foreign Office was to declare himself a candidate for Parliament, and so he was returned for the constituency of Lancaster at a by-election in 1941. He joined the Cameron Highlanders regiment in the British army as a private, and then the new Special Air Service (SAS) and served in the Western Desert, where he participated in the raid on Benghazi along with SAS founder David Stirling and Randolph Churchill, and foiled a coup in Persia by kidnapping General Zahidi who had collaborated with the Germans."," In July 1943 Prime Minister Winston Churchill asked Maclean to serve as his personal representative and Brigadier commanding a British Military Mission to Josip Broz Tito, leader of the Communist Partisans in German-occupied Yugoslavia. At this stage of the war, there was a debate in the British government over which Yugoslav resistance group it should support - Tito's Partisans or Draza Mihalovich's Cetniks. In September Maclean was dropped by parachute into Bosnia and met Tito, and subsequently reported to Churchill that the Partisans were the more effective fighting force and would benefit from additional British and American aid. In August 1944, as the Germans prepared to withdraw from Yugoslavia Maclean planned \"Operation Ratweek\" for the first week of September, a coordinated Allied and Partisan attack on enemy communications which proved quite successful. In the course of his mission, which lasted until 1945, he became a friend and admirer of Tito. In 1947 Maclean was asked to head the Special Refugee Commission which had the sensitive task of screening of tens of thousands of Yugoslav and Ukrainian Displaced Persons, some of whom were alleged to have committed war crimes, in Italy and Austria."," After completing this assignment, Maclean focused on politics, representing Lancaster until 1959 and Bute and North Ayrshire from 1959-1974, and served as Parliamentary Under Secretary of State for War from 1954-1957. He was chairman of the Committee of the North Atlantic Assembly from 1964-1974. Maclean's friendship with Tito and frequent visits to Yugoslavia allowed him to play a key role in Anglo-Yugoslav relations. In the 1960's he purchased a home on the island of Korcula, becoming one of the few foreigners allowed to own property in Yugoslavia. Maclean also maintained a keen interest in the Soviet Union where he traveled extensively and he served as chairman of the Great Britain-USSR Association. He lectured frequently in the United Kingdom and the United States on Yugoslav and Soviet affairs."," Maclean's literary career was launched in 1949 with the publication of Eastern Approaches, a memoir of his experiences as a diplomat and soldier, which was acclaimed by critics and became a best-seller. This was followed in 1957 by a biography of Tito,  Disputed Barricade, A Person from England (1958), describing the adventures of English travelers in Central Asia, and in 1958,  Back to Bokhara (1959), and a number of books, articles and book reviews on Yugoslavia, the Soviet Union, and other subjects."," A third focal point of his writing was Scotland, and he published  A Concise History of Scotland , (1970),  The Isles of the Sea , a collection of West Highland folk tales (1985),  Bonnie Prince Charlie , (1988) and  Highlanders (1995). Along with establishing a reputation as the author of entertaining and informative works that blended his travel experiences and historical research, he turned his attention to radio and television, working on a number of documentary programs including  The Road to Samarkand and  The Life and Times of Marshal Tito and two major series.  Portrait of the Soviet Union and  Highlanders ."," Maclean was made a baronet in 1957 and a Knight of the Thistle in 1993, and was the recipient of many honors and decorations including the Commander of the British Empire, the Croix de Guerre, the Order of Kutusov, and the Partisan Star, and several honorary degrees."," In 1946 Maclean married a widow with two children, Veronica (Fraser) Phipps, daughter of the 16th Lord Lovat. They had two sons, James and Charles. In 1957 the Macleans purchased Strachur, an estate in Argyllshire in the Scottish Highlands, and later operated a hotel on the estate, the Creggans Inn, which became known for its good food, drink, and hospitality. Maclean continued to be extremely active into his eighties and kept up a busy schedule of writing, lecturing and traveling. He died of a heart attack while swimming at a friend's house in June 1996. In Maclean's later years, there was speculation that he had been the inspiration for Ian Fleming's James Bond."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 11487 Sir Fitzroy Maclean papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 11487 Sir Fitzroy Maclean papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis Fitzroy Maclean papers consist (1827-1996; 44 cubic feet) of the professional and personal papers of Scottish soldier, diplomat, politician, author, and traveler, Sir Fitzroy Hew Maclean (1911-1996) of Dunconnel. It includes correspondence, memoranda, manuscripts, typescripts, newspaper and magazine articles, book reviews, lectures, speeches, photographs, memorabilia, and research material pertaining to his military, diplomatic, political and literary career as well as family and personal affairs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaclean is best known for his role during World War II as head of the British military mission to Yugoslavia in which he served as Winston Churchill's personal representative to leader of the Communist Partisans, Josip Broz Tito, his diplomatic service in the Soviet Union in the late 1930's, and as the author of the classic memoir Eastern Approaches (1949) and many other books and articles. After the war, he pursued a political career as a Conservative member of Parliament, and, based on his close relationship with Tito, played a key role in Anglo-Yugoslav affairs. He was also noted for his expertise on the Soviet Union.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e A third focal point of his life and career was Scotland: he was a proud member of Clan Maclean and wrote several works on Scottish history, biography, and folklore. The collection contains some material in Serbo-Croatian, German, Italian and French.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The papers are arranged in four main series with various sub-series. Items of particular interest in the First Series, Career and Personal Papers, are described in the following paragraphs devoted to each subseries. In the Diplomatic Subseries are dispatches and memoranda of his trips through Central Asia (including Afghanistan and the ancient cities Bokhara and Samarkand) and the Caucasus, on the situation in Sinkiang (Chinese Turkestan) and on the political stability of the Soviet Union, 1937-1939.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The subseries British Military Mission to Yugoslavia contains Winston Churchill's Minute concerning his Mission to Tito, Autograph Diary (2 pages) re his arrival in Yugoslavia, \"Ratweek\" Map (oversize), twelve files (labeled Top Secret) including memoranda, correspondence, telegrams, etc concerning military and political affairs such as Allied operations and aid to Tito's Partisans, formation of the Yugoslav government, relief, the visit of Field Marshal Alexander, Supreme Allied Commander to Belgrade, Macedonia, Prospect of South Slav federation, and correspondence with Evelyn Waugh.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The Special Refugee Commission subseries contains correspondence, telegrams, reports, including one submitted to Foreign Secretary Ernest Bevin, articles, and a draft of a speech on the refugee problems to a parliamentary committee.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Political correspondence includes papers concerning the Lancaster by-election of 1941, the general election of 1945, and correspondence with Winston Churchill, Harold Macmillan, Anthony Eden, Alec Douglas- Home, Peter Carrington, Harold Wilson, Margaret Thatcher, John Major, Robert Kennedy, John Lindsay, Henry Jackson, and Averell Harriman ; a memorandum to Field Marshal Alexander of Tunis concerning irregular warfare; and correspondence and memoranda related to a parliamentary delegation to Romania in 1973.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Material in the VIP Subseries includes: letters and notes from members of the Royal Family including Prince Charles, Princess Margaret, Elizabeth the Queen Mother; Clementine Churchill and Mary Churchill Soames; and a thank you note from Lauren Bacall.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The Yugoslavia and Tito Subseries contains significant material including memoranda of meetings with Tito in 1949,1950, 1953, 1968, 1973; informative accounts by Maclean and other British officers about the Military Mission in World War II for an official book published by Muzej AVNOJ (1970-1971); correspondence about Maclean's involvement in proposals for the publication of Tito's memoirs (1966-1977) and about the nomination of Tito for the Nobel Peace Prize (1972-1973); correspondence and papers by Maclean and others from a conference on British Policy and Resistance in the Balkans (1973); Briefing papers, correspondence and memoranda of Margaret Thatcher's visit to Yugoslavia in 1977, and correspondence and memorabilia pertaining to the Prince of Wales' visit in 1978; correspondence about Maclean's visit in 1989 and transcript of an interview with Prime Minister Ante Markovic.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e For the 1990's, the time of war and the dissolution of Yugoslavia , there is correspondence with David Owen, Stevan Dedijer and others, and about the Korcula Emergency Appeal, a relief effort for a hospital on the island of Korcula, Croatia, organized by the Macleans; letters from Yugoslav friends describing the turmoil , and/or seeking assistance in finding jobs in the United Kingdom; correspondence about renewed controversy about the British Military Mission in World War II. and the Aldington-Tolstoy Libel Case concerning the repatriation of Yugoslavs in 1945. It should also be noted that in Series II, Subseries B, Literary Material pertaining to Yugoslavia, there is some correspondence filed with the manuscripts, typescripts, articles and radio and television transcripts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The Subseries Family and Personal Papers has letters from friends and teachers, some in German, French, and Italian. In a significant group of letters to his parents (1939-1945) from London, Cairo, Belgrade, and elsewhere, Maclean discussed the international situation, his desire to leave the Foreign Office in order to join the army, life in London during the Blitz, the beginning of his political career, and his military service (some letters were extensively cut by the censors). There are also a number of letters to his parents from the years 1946-1955 from Maclean and his wife Veronica discussing family matters and living conditions in Italy and Austria while Maclean was directing the Special Refugee Commission, and about their travels in Yugoslavia, Greece and Turkey in the early 1950's.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Also present is correspondence with Frank McLynn, his biographer, 1990-1994, and two scrapbooks. The blue scrapbook (1939-1951) includes one letter of Maclean to his aunt, newspaper clippings relating to his military service in Yugoslavia, his marriage, some articles by him, a few photographs. The red scrapbook, 1943-1946 also has newspaper clippings about his military service and political career and articles by him.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The Second Series consists of literary papers. This series contains drafts, typescripts, setting copies of his books with related correspondence with publishers and others about the publication process, contracts, royalty statements, book reviews, fan mail, articles, book reviews, speeches, lectures, transcripts of radio and television programs, film proposals or treatments. Several of his books were published under different titles in the United States. It is organized into five subseries based on subject matter. These include: \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eEastern Approaches\u003c/title\u003e(American title- \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eEscape to Adventure\u003c/title\u003e); Yugoslavia (the country as originally constituted and also the new states that emerged in the 1990's); Russia and the former Soviet Union and the new nations post 1990); Scotland; and Miscellaneous Literary.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The subseries about \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eEastern Approaches\u003c/title\u003econtains a typed manuscript (Setting copy) with corrections, including an unpublished introduction; some material omitted from the published version including his admiration for a Soviet army unit, comments on the Cetniks, and conversations with King George VI and Winston Churchill and King Peter of Yugoslavia; letters from Michael Adeane, Secretary to King George VI and Winston Churchill requesting that certain passages be omitted; a letter from Peter Fleming to Jonathan Cape offering his opinion of the book, a letter from Ian Fleming to Jonathan Cape and a note to Maclean.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Other material includes correspondence with Jonathan Cape and other publishers about a new edition, correspondence with Douglas Fairbanks, Eric Ambler and others concerning a possible film version, and with Ian Curteis about a proposed television adaptation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The Yugoslavia Subseries includes books: \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eDisputed Barricade\u003c/title\u003e(1957), published in America as \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Heretic\u003c/title\u003e, which includes an interview with Tito; \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eYugoslavia\u003c/title\u003e(1969), in which Maclean wrote the text for this book of photographs; \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eBattle of Neretva\u003c/title\u003e(1970); and \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eTito: A Pictorial Biography\u003c/title\u003e(1980). Also present are articles from newspapers and magazines, 1947-1995, on Yugoslav politics and society, including interviews with Tito. Particularly interesting are two unpublished articles \"Whither Yugoslavia?\" written in 1989 based on interviews with Yugoslav politicians, including Slobodan Milosevic. There are also a number of book reviews of works by Julian Amery, William Deakin, Noel Malcolm and Misha Glenny and others.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In addition, the subseries on Yugoslavia contains lectures, 1949-1995; transcripts of radio and television programs, with related correspondence; and some interviews with Tito, notably The \"Life and Times of Marshal Tito\" (December 1963); and one for a CBS news program (1969).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The Russian Material Subseries contains drafts, correspondence, and research material for his books \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eA Person from England\u003c/title\u003e(1958), including several autograph letters,1827-1861, of Dr. Joseph Wolff, one of the English travelers chronicled in the book; \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eBack to Bokhara\u003c/title\u003e(1959); \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eHoly Russia\u003c/title\u003e(1978); drafts titled \"All the Russias\" and \"The Other Russias,\" which were the basis for \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eTo the Back of Beyond\u003c/title\u003e(1974), \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eTo Caucasus: End of All the Earth\u003c/title\u003e(1976); and \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eHoly Russia\u003c/title\u003e(1978) which completed the trilogy; \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003ePortrait of the Soviet Union\u003c/title\u003e(1988), including material for both the book and the related TBS television series since Maclean was working on these simultaneously; and \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eAll the Russias\u003c/title\u003e(1992). Correspondents include Pamela Harriman, Marietta Tree and Fitzgerald Bemiss.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In addition to his books about Russia and the Soviet Union, his papers also contain articles, 1949-1995 on political, social, economic, cultural aspects of the former Soviet Union, a number on Georgia and the Caucasus, and Mikhail Gorbachev; book reviews, 1949-1994; and radio and television material, such as correspondence and transcripts for programs, including \"The End of All the Earth\" and \"Carnival in the Caucasus\"; interviews with Anna Mikhailovna Larina (Bukharin's widow) and others for the BBC \"Timewatch\" program \"Bukharin.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The subseries concerning his Scotland material includes books, \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eA Concise History of Scotland\u003c/title\u003e(1970); \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eIsles of the Sea\u003c/title\u003e(1985); \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eBonnie Prince Charlie\u003c/title\u003e(1988); and \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eHighlanders\u003c/title\u003e(originally titled \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eClans\u003c/title\u003e) (1995). Material for the book and television series are combined since Maclean was working on them simultaneously. Among the articles on Scotland is a notable series \"Scottish Approaches\" which appeared in \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Scotsman\u003c/title\u003ein 1959.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The last subseries in Maclean's Literary Papers consists of miscellaneous literary material, including material for the book \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eTake Nine Spies\u003c/title\u003e. There is also correspondence with publishers in which he discusses more than one book, and with his literary agents.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Articles are arranged chronologically, and topics range from post World War II Japan, Korea, Italy, the Middle East, and defense policy to China and Mongolia in the 1960's, an extended trip to China in 1988, and his travels in Nepal, Tibet, and Oman in the 1990's. There are also articles about his military, diplomatic, political and literary career, his travels, and personal life, and note that others are contained in two scrapbooks. The radio and television material includes his commentaries on the international scene from 1946 on.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Photographic Material comprises the third series, which contains twenty-four boxes of photographs (some in albums), contact sheets, negatives, and slides, taken by Maclean, primarily of his travels in the former Soviet Union, Europe and Asia, from 1938 through the 1990's. Especially noteworthy are those taken in Moscow, Leningrad, and Central Asia, including Afghanistan, the cities Bokhara and Samarkand, and Persia, Paris and Florence in the late 1930's, Yugoslavia during World War II, postwar Korean and China, and of Yugoslavia, Greece, Turkey and Iran in the early 1950's. Maclean visited the former Soviet Union frequently from the late 1950's through 1987 and took numerous photographs of his favorite regions, Central Asia and the Caucasus, particularly Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e As for Yugoslavia, there is an album dated 1953 labeled Namanevru Jugoslovenska Narodne, Armije (Yugoslav People's Army) with photographs of Tito, Maclean, and soldiers; and photographs from the early 1960's through 1980 including a number of photographs of Tito. Individuals subjects include Winston Churchill and Margaret Thatcher. There are also many family photographs taken at Maclean's homes Beechfield and Strachur, and of friends. The photographs used in \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eEastern Approaches\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eDisputed Barricade\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eA Person from England\u003c/title\u003e, and \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eBonnie Prince Charlie\u003c/title\u003eare also in this section.\n \n The fourth series consists of two small additions to the papers and include some correpondence files, such as congratulatory letters about his appointment as Under Secretary for War in 1954 and his Baronetcy in 1957, his letters published in the press, and the Great Britain-USSR Association; files on his participation in various conferences concerning Yugoslavia and War War II; election campaign materials of Maclean; Notebooks, including \"Russian Notebook\" (May 15-June 17, 1958); \"Mission\" describing his recall from the Middle East in 1943 to go to Yugoslavia as Winston Churchill's personal representative to support the resistance forces that were most effective against the Germans, moving British support from the Chetniks to the Communist-led partisans and Tito, (circa 1943-1944); and a trip to the country of Georgia (no year, May-June); news articles; speeches by Maclean, including printed speeches published in \"Parliamentary Debates\"; passports; pocket and desk diaries; first drafts of \"Eastern Approaches\"; a file on guerilla warfare; a copy of a 1938 Report on Central Asia by Maclean; and Veronica Maclean's description about her first meeting with Josip Broz Tito in 1947.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Appointments to London, Paris, and Moscow and his resignation from the Foreign Office\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Maclean's Mission to Tito and an Extract from \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Second World War\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eincluding \"The Partisan Movement in Yugoslavia\" and \"Note on the Present Military and Political Situation in Serbia\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDrafts of Statement on the Extent of British Aid to the Partisans\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Appointments and Impact on Service to Constituency\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Irregular Warfare and Correspondence with Field Marshall Earl Alexander of Tunis and Others\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Vietnam War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere the Soviet Invasion of Czechoslovakia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Interview with Vice-President Bodnaras of Romania; Meeting with Tito; and Draft Article on Sino-Soviet Border\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Winston Churchill\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere E.C. Grants for Argyll and Bute\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Consideration of Fitzroy Maclean as Governor of Cyprus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere a Resignation to Veronica Maclean\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere his serving as godfather to her daughter, Charlotte\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere British Press Coverage of Yugoslavia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Simic Cureija\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Visit with Tito, with note from Jack Coville, Secretary to Winston Churchill\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Tito\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Korcula\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere the Soviet Invasion of Czechoslovakia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Visit to Yugoslavia for 25th Anniversary of National Liberation, includes photographs of Maclean and Willian Deakin\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDecoration Awarded to Fitzroy Maclean\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProposed British Decorations of Yugoslavs\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Yugoslav Students in Britain\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Allied Mission to Yugoslavia in World War II for Muzej AVNOJ\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Korcula, Yugoslavia, Town Twinning with Argyll and Bute, Scotland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Maclean's Efforts in Support of Tito for the Nobel Peace Prize\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere British Policy towards the Balkan Resistance Movements\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Meeting with Tito\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Research and Annual Summaries (Copies) of Events in Yugoslavia, 1957-1972\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Margaret Thatcher's Trip, with Official Program\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere the Prince of Wales' Visit to Yugoslavia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Fitzroy Maclean's article for the British-Yugoslav Society on the Prince of Wales' visit\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Arrangements for the British Delegation to Tito's Funeral\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Official Visit of Fitzroy Maclean\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Program of Economic Reform\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere his biography of Tito\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Controversy over British Military Mission in World War II\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere BBC \"Timewatch: Tito\" Program\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere a Yugoslav Detainee in 1945\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Korcula, Croatia Emergency Appeal\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Benefit Concert for Dubrovnik\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Owen's Mission\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Aldington-Tolstoy Libel Case (Repatriations in 1945)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Tito Memoirs and other projects\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Purchase of \"Beechfield\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Ticonderoga story\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Purchase of \"Creggans Inn\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eFitzroy Maclean\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Evelyn Waugh biography\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Fitzroy Maclean\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Fitzroy Maclean and Articles by him\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Awarding of Baronetcy and Arms\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Honorary Degree from the University of Glasgow\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Honorary Degree from Acadia University\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Honorary Degree from Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, to Fitzroy Maclean and Tito\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Honorary Degree from Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, to Fitzroy Maclean and Tito, signed by Josip Broz Tito and Madame Jovanka Broz\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Honorary Degree from Dundee University\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Special Air Service\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere the 23rd Special Air Service Regiment\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Installation of Fitzroy Maclean in the Order of theThistle\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Installation of Fitzroy Maclean in the Order of the Thistle\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Appointment of Fitzroy Maclean in the Order of the Thistle--Congratulations\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Appointment of Fitzroy Maclean in the Order of the Thistle\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOrder of the Thistle Ceremony\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Freedom of Argyll and Bute\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere omitting part of an interview with the King about Yugoslavia from his book\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith comments about what Maclean had written about himself in the book\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ethanking him for the copy of his book sent to the King\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Publicity\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTranslations\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere American Edition\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere German Edition\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Paperback Edition\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Proposed Film, with a copy of the script for the film, April 1956\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Proposed TV Series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Proposed TV Series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Yugoslav Edition\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Yugoslav Edition\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter of thanks on behalf of Tito\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere American Edition, \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Heretic\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Translations\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere German Forces in Yugoslavia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eincluding \"The Fourth Enemy Offensive\" and some in Serbo-Croatian\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Book Promotion Tour in Yugoslavia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Book Promotion Tour in Yugoslavia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eincluding some correspondence and notes\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Korcula by Charles Maclean\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnpublished\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere of BBC Radio Broadcast on Mission to Tito\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Tito obituary for BBC Radio\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere BBC Radio \"I Was There\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Film \"General from Strachur\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere BBC Television Tito Obituary\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Tito Interview for CBS News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Proposed BBC Programs\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Proposed Film on Tito\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere BBC Program on the S.O.E. (Special Operations Executive)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere BBC Program on Evelyn Waugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Miscellaneous Television and Film Projects\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere BBC Program \"Ratlines\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere VPRO Program\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere New Edition\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Proposed Film\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Research\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Translations\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginal Letters of Joseph Wolff and Correspondence with Ancient Light Bookshop\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTranscripts and Copies of Letters of Charles Stoddart and others from the Public Records Office\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere American Edition and Other Projects\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Copyright Renewal\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere German edition\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere the Sino Russian Border in \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eLife\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere the Caucasus Region\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence re\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere the Bukharin Trial in Moscow \u0026amp; Interview with his widow\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Mikhail Gorbachev\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Georgia in \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Sunday Times\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Azerbaijan\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Georgia, including notes and drafts\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Georgia in \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Scotsman Magazine\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Azerbaijan\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Caucasus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Mikhail Gorbachov\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Mikhail Gorbachev in honor of Hugh Seton-Watson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003egiven at Foyle's Lunch\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Georgia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Georgia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere a New Edition\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere an American Edition\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere a German Edition\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAugust 1, 1996 from Edwin Moore to Veronica Maclean\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere German Edition\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere reprint as \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eWest Highland Tales\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Publicity \u0026amp; Book Reviews\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Publicity\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere \"Scotland in Parliament\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Japan\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Asia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Korea\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Italy\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere the Middle East\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Persia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Defense of Great Britain\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Greece\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Libya during World War II\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Turkey\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere China \"Inside Red China\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere China Trip\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere China \"Peking Revisited,\" \"Don't Let China Stew in Her Own Juice,\" and \"Eyewitnesses in China\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Mongolia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Sir Winston Churchill\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMongolia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere the Black Sea, including one by Veronica Maclean\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Defense of Europe: \"Nuclear Deterrence and Conventional Forces,\" with Correspondence\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere China--Trip to Kashgar in Chinese Turkestan, including Correspondence\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Nepal and Bhutan\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Germany\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere David Stirling for \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eDictionary of National Biography\u003c/title\u003eand Correspondence\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Canary Islands\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Oman\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Tibet--Correspondence, Travel Arrangements, and Memorabilia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Tibet\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere the Channel Tunnel\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Fitzroy Maclean, some in German, French, Serbo-Croatian, Swedish, and Dutch\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Tibet\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Publication of Evelyn Waugh's Diaries, which include references to Fitzroy Maclean\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Invitation to Frankfurt\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere German Translations of \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eIsles of the Sea\u003c/title\u003eand \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eEastern Approaches\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Proposed Book of Interviews including Fitzroy Maclean\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003esome accompanied by correspondence, including: Violet Asquith, Nancy Astor, Charles Bohlen, John Bute, Nicolae Causescu, Earl Cawdor, Thomas Churchill, John Clarke, the Queen Mother, Lord Lovat, Charles Maclean, Andrew Maxwell, Paddy Mayne and Bill Elliot, Iain Moncrieffe, Peter Moore, David Scott, David Stirling, and Lord Ward\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeople\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEnvirons \u0026amp; Monasteries\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGUM Store, Race Track, \u0026amp; Fashions\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Kremlin \u0026amp; Red Square\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe file includes a draft of a 1968 letter to Aleksey Aleksandrovich Surkov, President of the USSR - Great Britain Society, also includes letters to and from the Baroness Asquith of Yarnbury (\"Violet\").\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotebooks include \"Russian Notebook\" (May 15-June 17, 1958); \"Mission\" describing his recall from the Middle East in 1943 to go to Yugoslavia as Winston Churchill's personal representative to support the resistance forces that were most effective against the Germans, moving British support from the Chetniks to the Communist-led partisans and Tito, (circa 1943-1944); and a trip to the country of Georgia (no year, May-June), circa 1943-1958\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes Maclean's undated notes on Soviet history up to \"Glasnost,\" notes on the \"Council of Europe,\" (1973); series of letters between Sir Charles Peake, British Embassy, and Sir Fitzroy Maclean, 1946-1953.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese include a speech before the Boarding House and Catering Association, one mentioning nuclear deterrence, and international events.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis addition contains two letters written by Fitzroy Maclean and John Baldock to Helen F. Moore of Leicester, England. A typewritten letter from Maclean to Baldock addresses Moore's concern regarding rioting by South Koreans in the vicinity of the Troops Rest Center at Inchon and her request to move the Center. He reviews her concern, noting that the demonstrations were against the Neutral Nations Armistice Commission and took place six and a half miles from the Center. He notes that the Center was not affected by the rioting and that, after careful consideration, the Center would remain open and not move to another area. The second item is a cover letter from John Baldock forwarding Maclean's response to Ms. Moore.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents Note","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This Fitzroy Maclean papers consist (1827-1996; 44 cubic feet) of the professional and personal papers of Scottish soldier, diplomat, politician, author, and traveler, Sir Fitzroy Hew Maclean (1911-1996) of Dunconnel. It includes correspondence, memoranda, manuscripts, typescripts, newspaper and magazine articles, book reviews, lectures, speeches, photographs, memorabilia, and research material pertaining to his military, diplomatic, political and literary career as well as family and personal affairs.","Maclean is best known for his role during World War II as head of the British military mission to Yugoslavia in which he served as Winston Churchill's personal representative to leader of the Communist Partisans, Josip Broz Tito, his diplomatic service in the Soviet Union in the late 1930's, and as the author of the classic memoir Eastern Approaches (1949) and many other books and articles. After the war, he pursued a political career as a Conservative member of Parliament, and, based on his close relationship with Tito, played a key role in Anglo-Yugoslav affairs. He was also noted for his expertise on the Soviet Union."," A third focal point of his life and career was Scotland: he was a proud member of Clan Maclean and wrote several works on Scottish history, biography, and folklore. The collection contains some material in Serbo-Croatian, German, Italian and French."," The papers are arranged in four main series with various sub-series. Items of particular interest in the First Series, Career and Personal Papers, are described in the following paragraphs devoted to each subseries. In the Diplomatic Subseries are dispatches and memoranda of his trips through Central Asia (including Afghanistan and the ancient cities Bokhara and Samarkand) and the Caucasus, on the situation in Sinkiang (Chinese Turkestan) and on the political stability of the Soviet Union, 1937-1939."," The subseries British Military Mission to Yugoslavia contains Winston Churchill's Minute concerning his Mission to Tito, Autograph Diary (2 pages) re his arrival in Yugoslavia, \"Ratweek\" Map (oversize), twelve files (labeled Top Secret) including memoranda, correspondence, telegrams, etc concerning military and political affairs such as Allied operations and aid to Tito's Partisans, formation of the Yugoslav government, relief, the visit of Field Marshal Alexander, Supreme Allied Commander to Belgrade, Macedonia, Prospect of South Slav federation, and correspondence with Evelyn Waugh."," The Special Refugee Commission subseries contains correspondence, telegrams, reports, including one submitted to Foreign Secretary Ernest Bevin, articles, and a draft of a speech on the refugee problems to a parliamentary committee."," Political correspondence includes papers concerning the Lancaster by-election of 1941, the general election of 1945, and correspondence with Winston Churchill, Harold Macmillan, Anthony Eden, Alec Douglas- Home, Peter Carrington, Harold Wilson, Margaret Thatcher, John Major, Robert Kennedy, John Lindsay, Henry Jackson, and Averell Harriman ; a memorandum to Field Marshal Alexander of Tunis concerning irregular warfare; and correspondence and memoranda related to a parliamentary delegation to Romania in 1973."," Material in the VIP Subseries includes: letters and notes from members of the Royal Family including Prince Charles, Princess Margaret, Elizabeth the Queen Mother; Clementine Churchill and Mary Churchill Soames; and a thank you note from Lauren Bacall."," The Yugoslavia and Tito Subseries contains significant material including memoranda of meetings with Tito in 1949,1950, 1953, 1968, 1973; informative accounts by Maclean and other British officers about the Military Mission in World War II for an official book published by Muzej AVNOJ (1970-1971); correspondence about Maclean's involvement in proposals for the publication of Tito's memoirs (1966-1977) and about the nomination of Tito for the Nobel Peace Prize (1972-1973); correspondence and papers by Maclean and others from a conference on British Policy and Resistance in the Balkans (1973); Briefing papers, correspondence and memoranda of Margaret Thatcher's visit to Yugoslavia in 1977, and correspondence and memorabilia pertaining to the Prince of Wales' visit in 1978; correspondence about Maclean's visit in 1989 and transcript of an interview with Prime Minister Ante Markovic."," For the 1990's, the time of war and the dissolution of Yugoslavia , there is correspondence with David Owen, Stevan Dedijer and others, and about the Korcula Emergency Appeal, a relief effort for a hospital on the island of Korcula, Croatia, organized by the Macleans; letters from Yugoslav friends describing the turmoil , and/or seeking assistance in finding jobs in the United Kingdom; correspondence about renewed controversy about the British Military Mission in World War II. and the Aldington-Tolstoy Libel Case concerning the repatriation of Yugoslavs in 1945. It should also be noted that in Series II, Subseries B, Literary Material pertaining to Yugoslavia, there is some correspondence filed with the manuscripts, typescripts, articles and radio and television transcripts."," The Subseries Family and Personal Papers has letters from friends and teachers, some in German, French, and Italian. In a significant group of letters to his parents (1939-1945) from London, Cairo, Belgrade, and elsewhere, Maclean discussed the international situation, his desire to leave the Foreign Office in order to join the army, life in London during the Blitz, the beginning of his political career, and his military service (some letters were extensively cut by the censors). There are also a number of letters to his parents from the years 1946-1955 from Maclean and his wife Veronica discussing family matters and living conditions in Italy and Austria while Maclean was directing the Special Refugee Commission, and about their travels in Yugoslavia, Greece and Turkey in the early 1950's."," Also present is correspondence with Frank McLynn, his biographer, 1990-1994, and two scrapbooks. The blue scrapbook (1939-1951) includes one letter of Maclean to his aunt, newspaper clippings relating to his military service in Yugoslavia, his marriage, some articles by him, a few photographs. The red scrapbook, 1943-1946 also has newspaper clippings about his military service and political career and articles by him."," The Second Series consists of literary papers. This series contains drafts, typescripts, setting copies of his books with related correspondence with publishers and others about the publication process, contracts, royalty statements, book reviews, fan mail, articles, book reviews, speeches, lectures, transcripts of radio and television programs, film proposals or treatments. Several of his books were published under different titles in the United States. It is organized into five subseries based on subject matter. These include:  Eastern Approaches (American title-  Escape to Adventure ); Yugoslavia (the country as originally constituted and also the new states that emerged in the 1990's); Russia and the former Soviet Union and the new nations post 1990); Scotland; and Miscellaneous Literary."," The subseries about  Eastern Approaches contains a typed manuscript (Setting copy) with corrections, including an unpublished introduction; some material omitted from the published version including his admiration for a Soviet army unit, comments on the Cetniks, and conversations with King George VI and Winston Churchill and King Peter of Yugoslavia; letters from Michael Adeane, Secretary to King George VI and Winston Churchill requesting that certain passages be omitted; a letter from Peter Fleming to Jonathan Cape offering his opinion of the book, a letter from Ian Fleming to Jonathan Cape and a note to Maclean."," Other material includes correspondence with Jonathan Cape and other publishers about a new edition, correspondence with Douglas Fairbanks, Eric Ambler and others concerning a possible film version, and with Ian Curteis about a proposed television adaptation."," The Yugoslavia Subseries includes books:  Disputed Barricade (1957), published in America as  The Heretic , which includes an interview with Tito;  Yugoslavia (1969), in which Maclean wrote the text for this book of photographs;  Battle of Neretva (1970); and  Tito: A Pictorial Biography (1980). Also present are articles from newspapers and magazines, 1947-1995, on Yugoslav politics and society, including interviews with Tito. Particularly interesting are two unpublished articles \"Whither Yugoslavia?\" written in 1989 based on interviews with Yugoslav politicians, including Slobodan Milosevic. There are also a number of book reviews of works by Julian Amery, William Deakin, Noel Malcolm and Misha Glenny and others."," In addition, the subseries on Yugoslavia contains lectures, 1949-1995; transcripts of radio and television programs, with related correspondence; and some interviews with Tito, notably The \"Life and Times of Marshal Tito\" (December 1963); and one for a CBS news program (1969)."," The Russian Material Subseries contains drafts, correspondence, and research material for his books  A Person from England (1958), including several autograph letters,1827-1861, of Dr. Joseph Wolff, one of the English travelers chronicled in the book;  Back to Bokhara (1959);  Holy Russia (1978); drafts titled \"All the Russias\" and \"The Other Russias,\" which were the basis for  To the Back of Beyond (1974),  To Caucasus: End of All the Earth (1976); and  Holy Russia (1978) which completed the trilogy;  Portrait of the Soviet Union (1988), including material for both the book and the related TBS television series since Maclean was working on these simultaneously; and  All the Russias (1992). Correspondents include Pamela Harriman, Marietta Tree and Fitzgerald Bemiss."," In addition to his books about Russia and the Soviet Union, his papers also contain articles, 1949-1995 on political, social, economic, cultural aspects of the former Soviet Union, a number on Georgia and the Caucasus, and Mikhail Gorbachev; book reviews, 1949-1994; and radio and television material, such as correspondence and transcripts for programs, including \"The End of All the Earth\" and \"Carnival in the Caucasus\"; interviews with Anna Mikhailovna Larina (Bukharin's widow) and others for the BBC \"Timewatch\" program \"Bukharin.\""," The subseries concerning his Scotland material includes books,  A Concise History of Scotland (1970);  Isles of the Sea (1985);  Bonnie Prince Charlie (1988); and  Highlanders (originally titled  Clans ) (1995). Material for the book and television series are combined since Maclean was working on them simultaneously. Among the articles on Scotland is a notable series \"Scottish Approaches\" which appeared in  The Scotsman in 1959."," The last subseries in Maclean's Literary Papers consists of miscellaneous literary material, including material for the book  Take Nine Spies . There is also correspondence with publishers in which he discusses more than one book, and with his literary agents."," Articles are arranged chronologically, and topics range from post World War II Japan, Korea, Italy, the Middle East, and defense policy to China and Mongolia in the 1960's, an extended trip to China in 1988, and his travels in Nepal, Tibet, and Oman in the 1990's. There are also articles about his military, diplomatic, political and literary career, his travels, and personal life, and note that others are contained in two scrapbooks. The radio and television material includes his commentaries on the international scene from 1946 on."," Photographic Material comprises the third series, which contains twenty-four boxes of photographs (some in albums), contact sheets, negatives, and slides, taken by Maclean, primarily of his travels in the former Soviet Union, Europe and Asia, from 1938 through the 1990's. Especially noteworthy are those taken in Moscow, Leningrad, and Central Asia, including Afghanistan, the cities Bokhara and Samarkand, and Persia, Paris and Florence in the late 1930's, Yugoslavia during World War II, postwar Korean and China, and of Yugoslavia, Greece, Turkey and Iran in the early 1950's. Maclean visited the former Soviet Union frequently from the late 1950's through 1987 and took numerous photographs of his favorite regions, Central Asia and the Caucasus, particularly Georgia."," As for Yugoslavia, there is an album dated 1953 labeled Namanevru Jugoslovenska Narodne, Armije (Yugoslav People's Army) with photographs of Tito, Maclean, and soldiers; and photographs from the early 1960's through 1980 including a number of photographs of Tito. Individuals subjects include Winston Churchill and Margaret Thatcher. There are also many family photographs taken at Maclean's homes Beechfield and Strachur, and of friends. The photographs used in  Eastern Approaches ,  Disputed Barricade ,  A Person from England , and  Bonnie Prince Charlie are also in this section.\n \n The fourth series consists of two small additions to the papers and include some correpondence files, such as congratulatory letters about his appointment as Under Secretary for War in 1954 and his Baronetcy in 1957, his letters published in the press, and the Great Britain-USSR Association; files on his participation in various conferences concerning Yugoslavia and War War II; election campaign materials of Maclean; Notebooks, including \"Russian Notebook\" (May 15-June 17, 1958); \"Mission\" describing his recall from the Middle East in 1943 to go to Yugoslavia as Winston Churchill's personal representative to support the resistance forces that were most effective against the Germans, moving British support from the Chetniks to the Communist-led partisans and Tito, (circa 1943-1944); and a trip to the country of Georgia (no year, May-June); news articles; speeches by Maclean, including printed speeches published in \"Parliamentary Debates\"; passports; pocket and desk diaries; first drafts of \"Eastern Approaches\"; a file on guerilla warfare; a copy of a 1938 Report on Central Asia by Maclean; and Veronica Maclean's description about her first meeting with Josip Broz Tito in 1947.","re Appointments to London, Paris, and Moscow and his resignation from the Foreign Office","re Maclean's Mission to Tito and an Extract from  The Second World War","including \"The Partisan Movement in Yugoslavia\" and \"Note on the Present Military and Political Situation in Serbia\"","Drafts of Statement on the Extent of British Aid to the Partisans","re Appointments and Impact on Service to Constituency","re Irregular Warfare and Correspondence with Field Marshall Earl Alexander of Tunis and Others","re Vietnam War","re the Soviet Invasion of Czechoslovakia","re Interview with Vice-President Bodnaras of Romania; Meeting with Tito; and Draft Article on Sino-Soviet Border","re Winston Churchill","re E.C. Grants for Argyll and Bute","re Consideration of Fitzroy Maclean as Governor of Cyprus","re a Resignation to Veronica Maclean","re his serving as godfather to her daughter, Charlotte","re British Press Coverage of Yugoslavia","re Simic Cureija","re Visit with Tito, with note from Jack Coville, Secretary to Winston Churchill","re Tito","re Korcula","re the Soviet Invasion of Czechoslovakia","re Visit to Yugoslavia for 25th Anniversary of National Liberation, includes photographs of Maclean and Willian Deakin","Decoration Awarded to Fitzroy Maclean","Proposed British Decorations of Yugoslavs","re Yugoslav Students in Britain","re Allied Mission to Yugoslavia in World War II for Muzej AVNOJ","re Korcula, Yugoslavia, Town Twinning with Argyll and Bute, Scotland","re Maclean's Efforts in Support of Tito for the Nobel Peace Prize","re British Policy towards the Balkan Resistance Movements","re Meeting with Tito","re Research and Annual Summaries (Copies) of Events in Yugoslavia, 1957-1972","re Margaret Thatcher's Trip, with Official Program","re the Prince of Wales' Visit to Yugoslavia","re Fitzroy Maclean's article for the British-Yugoslav Society on the Prince of Wales' visit","re Arrangements for the British Delegation to Tito's Funeral","re Official Visit of Fitzroy Maclean","re Program of Economic Reform","re his biography of Tito","re Controversy over British Military Mission in World War II","re BBC \"Timewatch: Tito\" Program","re a Yugoslav Detainee in 1945","re Korcula, Croatia Emergency Appeal","re Benefit Concert for Dubrovnik","re Owen's Mission","re Aldington-Tolstoy Libel Case (Repatriations in 1945)","re Tito Memoirs and other projects","re Purchase of \"Beechfield\"","re Ticonderoga story","re Purchase of \"Creggans Inn\"","re  Fitzroy Maclean","re Evelyn Waugh biography","re Fitzroy Maclean","re Fitzroy Maclean and Articles by him","re Awarding of Baronetcy and Arms","re Honorary Degree from the University of Glasgow","re Honorary Degree from Acadia University","re Honorary Degree from Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, to Fitzroy Maclean and Tito","re Honorary Degree from Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, to Fitzroy Maclean and Tito, signed by Josip Broz Tito and Madame Jovanka Broz","re Honorary Degree from Dundee University","re Special Air Service","re the 23rd Special Air Service Regiment","re Installation of Fitzroy Maclean in the Order of theThistle","re Installation of Fitzroy Maclean in the Order of the Thistle","re Appointment of Fitzroy Maclean in the Order of the Thistle--Congratulations","re Appointment of Fitzroy Maclean in the Order of the Thistle","Order of the Thistle Ceremony","re Freedom of Argyll and Bute","re omitting part of an interview with the King about Yugoslavia from his book","with comments about what Maclean had written about himself in the book","thanking him for the copy of his book sent to the King","re Publicity","Translations","re American Edition","re German Edition","re Paperback Edition","re Proposed Film, with a copy of the script for the film, April 1956","re Proposed TV Series","re Proposed TV Series","re Yugoslav Edition","re Yugoslav Edition","Letter of thanks on behalf of Tito","re American Edition,  The Heretic","re Translations","re German Forces in Yugoslavia","including \"The Fourth Enemy Offensive\" and some in Serbo-Croatian","re Book Promotion Tour in Yugoslavia","re Book Promotion Tour in Yugoslavia","including some correspondence and notes","re Korcula by Charles Maclean","Unpublished","re of BBC Radio Broadcast on Mission to Tito","re Tito obituary for BBC Radio","re BBC Radio \"I Was There\"","re Film \"General from Strachur\"","re BBC Television Tito Obituary","re Tito Interview for CBS News","re Proposed BBC Programs","re Proposed Film on Tito","re BBC Program on the S.O.E. (Special Operations Executive)","re BBC Program on Evelyn Waugh","re Miscellaneous Television and Film Projects","re BBC Program \"Ratlines\"","re VPRO Program","re New Edition","re Proposed Film","re Research","re Translations","Original Letters of Joseph Wolff and Correspondence with Ancient Light Bookshop","Transcripts and Copies of Letters of Charles Stoddart and others from the Public Records Office","re American Edition and Other Projects","re Copyright Renewal","re German edition","re the Sino Russian Border in  Life","re the Caucasus Region","Correspondence re","re the Bukharin Trial in Moscow \u0026 Interview with his widow","re Mikhail Gorbachev","re Georgia in  The Sunday Times","re Azerbaijan","re Georgia, including notes and drafts","re Georgia in  The Scotsman Magazine","re Azerbaijan","re Caucasus","re Mikhail Gorbachov","re Mikhail Gorbachev in honor of Hugh Seton-Watson","given at Foyle's Lunch","re Georgia","re Georgia","re a New Edition","re an American Edition","re a German Edition","August 1, 1996 from Edwin Moore to Veronica Maclean","re German Edition","re reprint as  West Highland Tales","re Publicity \u0026 Book Reviews","re Publicity","re \"Scotland in Parliament\"","re Japan","re Asia","re Korea","re Italy","re the Middle East","re Persia","re Defense of Great Britain","re Greece","re Libya during World War II","re Turkey","re China \"Inside Red China\"","re China Trip","re China \"Peking Revisited,\" \"Don't Let China Stew in Her Own Juice,\" and \"Eyewitnesses in China\"","re Mongolia","re Sir Winston Churchill","Mongolia","re the Black Sea, including one by Veronica Maclean","re Defense of Europe: \"Nuclear Deterrence and Conventional Forces,\" with Correspondence","re China--Trip to Kashgar in Chinese Turkestan, including Correspondence","re Nepal and Bhutan","re Germany","re David Stirling for  Dictionary of National Biography and Correspondence","re Canary Islands","re Oman","re Tibet--Correspondence, Travel Arrangements, and Memorabilia","re Tibet","re the Channel Tunnel","re Fitzroy Maclean, some in German, French, Serbo-Croatian, Swedish, and Dutch","re Tibet","re Publication of Evelyn Waugh's Diaries, which include references to Fitzroy Maclean","re Invitation to Frankfurt","re German Translations of  Isles of the Sea and  Eastern Approaches","re Proposed Book of Interviews including Fitzroy Maclean","some accompanied by correspondence, including: Violet Asquith, Nancy Astor, Charles Bohlen, John Bute, Nicolae Causescu, Earl Cawdor, Thomas Churchill, John Clarke, the Queen Mother, Lord Lovat, Charles Maclean, Andrew Maxwell, Paddy Mayne and Bill Elliot, Iain Moncrieffe, Peter Moore, David Scott, David Stirling, and Lord Ward","People","Environs \u0026 Monasteries","GUM Store, Race Track, \u0026 Fashions","The Kremlin \u0026 Red Square","The file includes a draft of a 1968 letter to Aleksey Aleksandrovich Surkov, President of the USSR - Great Britain Society, also includes letters to and from the Baroness Asquith of Yarnbury (\"Violet\").","Notebooks include \"Russian Notebook\" (May 15-June 17, 1958); \"Mission\" describing his recall from the Middle East in 1943 to go to Yugoslavia as Winston Churchill's personal representative to support the resistance forces that were most effective against the Germans, moving British support from the Chetniks to the Communist-led partisans and Tito, (circa 1943-1944); and a trip to the country of Georgia (no year, May-June), circa 1943-1958","Includes Maclean's undated notes on Soviet history up to \"Glasnost,\" notes on the \"Council of Europe,\" (1973); series of letters between Sir Charles Peake, British Embassy, and Sir Fitzroy Maclean, 1946-1953.","These include a speech before the Boarding House and Catering Association, one mentioning nuclear deterrence, and international events.","This addition contains two letters written by Fitzroy Maclean and John Baldock to Helen F. Moore of Leicester, England. A typewritten letter from Maclean to Baldock addresses Moore's concern regarding rioting by South Koreans in the vicinity of the Troops Rest Center at Inchon and her request to move the Center. He reviews her concern, noting that the demonstrations were against the Neutral Nations Armistice Commission and took place six and a half miles from the Center. He notes that the Center was not affected by the rioting and that, after careful consideration, the Center would remain open and not move to another area. The second item is a cover letter from John Baldock forwarding Maclean's response to Ms. Moore."],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Maclean, Fitzroy, 1911-1996"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"persname_ssim":["Maclean, Fitzroy, 1911-1996"],"language_ssim":["Materials are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules"],"total_component_count_is":763,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:47:27.185Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_838","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_838","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_838","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_838","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_838.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/103243","title_filing_ssi":"Maclean, Sir Fitzroy, papers","title_ssm":["Sir Fitzroy Maclean papers"],"title_tesim":["Sir Fitzroy Maclean papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1827-1996"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1827-1996"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["File","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 11487","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/838"],"text":["MSS 11487","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/838","Sir Fitzroy Maclean papers","letters (correspondence)","diaries","Black-and-white photographs","Collection is open for research use.","The collection is arranged in four main series, with various subseries: ","Series I: Career and Personal Papers (Boxes 1-11) ","Subseries A: Diplomatic Service (Box 1) ","Subseries B: British Military Mission to Yugoslavia (Boxes 1-2) ","Subseries C: Special Refugee Commission (Boxes 2-3) ","Subseries D: Political Correspondence (Box 3) ","Subseries E: VIP Material (Boxes 3-4) ","Subseries F: Yugoslavia \u0026 Tito Related Material (Boxes 4-8) ","Subseries G: Family \u0026 Personal Papers (Boxes 9-10) ","Subseries H: Honors \u0026 Decorations (Boxes 10- 11) ","Series II: Literary Papers - Books, Television \u0026 Radio Scripts, Articles, etc. ","Subseries A: Eastern Approaches Material (Boxes 12-15) ","Subseries B: Yugoslavia Related Material, including Books (Boxes 15-21); and Articles, Book Reviews, Lectures, Radio \u0026 Television, \u0026 Research (Boxes 21-26) ","Subseries C: Russia \u0026 the Former Soviet Union Material, including Books (Boxes 26-40); Articles (Boxes 41-43); Book Reviews \u0026 Lectures (Boxes 43-45); and Radio \u0026 Television (Boxes 45-46) ","Subseries D: Scotland Material, including Books (Boxes 46-57), Highlanders Television Series (Boxes 57-58), and Articles, Book Reviews and Lectures (Boxes 59-60) ","Subseries E: Miscellaneous Literary Material, including Take Nine Spies (Boxes 60-63), Articles (Boxes 64-66); Book Reviews, Introductions, Lectures \u0026 Speeches and Literary Correspondence (Boxes 67-68); and Radio and Television (Boxes 68-69) ","Series III: Photographic Material (Boxes 70-93)","Series IV: Sir Fitzroy Maclean Additional Papers (Boxes 94-102 ","re the Threat of Soviet Expansion in Asia","Parlimentary Delegation to Romania","Fitzroy Hew Royle Maclean was born in 1911 in Cairo, Egypt to Charles Maclean, a major in the British army, and Gladys Royle Maclean. He was raised in Scotland, India, and Italy and attended Eton (1924-28), the University of Marburg in Germany (1929), and Kings' College, Cambridge (1929-32) where he won a senior scholarship and first class honors. He entered the Foreign Office in 1934 and was first posted to Paris, and then to Moscow in 1937 where he served as the Third Secretary in the British Embassy. Stalin's purges were at their height during Maclean's two years in the Soviet Union, and he was present at the state trial of Nikolai Bukharin in 1938. He also made journeys to remote areas of the Soviet Union such as Central Asia and the Caucasus where few if any foreigners had been for many years. In 1939 he returned to London and worked in the Foreign Office on Russian affairs."," When World War II broke out, he wanted to enlist in the military, but as a diplomat was in a \"reserved\" position and was not allowed to do so. He learned that the only way to be released from the Foreign Office was to declare himself a candidate for Parliament, and so he was returned for the constituency of Lancaster at a by-election in 1941. He joined the Cameron Highlanders regiment in the British army as a private, and then the new Special Air Service (SAS) and served in the Western Desert, where he participated in the raid on Benghazi along with SAS founder David Stirling and Randolph Churchill, and foiled a coup in Persia by kidnapping General Zahidi who had collaborated with the Germans."," In July 1943 Prime Minister Winston Churchill asked Maclean to serve as his personal representative and Brigadier commanding a British Military Mission to Josip Broz Tito, leader of the Communist Partisans in German-occupied Yugoslavia. At this stage of the war, there was a debate in the British government over which Yugoslav resistance group it should support - Tito's Partisans or Draza Mihalovich's Cetniks. In September Maclean was dropped by parachute into Bosnia and met Tito, and subsequently reported to Churchill that the Partisans were the more effective fighting force and would benefit from additional British and American aid. In August 1944, as the Germans prepared to withdraw from Yugoslavia Maclean planned \"Operation Ratweek\" for the first week of September, a coordinated Allied and Partisan attack on enemy communications which proved quite successful. In the course of his mission, which lasted until 1945, he became a friend and admirer of Tito. In 1947 Maclean was asked to head the Special Refugee Commission which had the sensitive task of screening of tens of thousands of Yugoslav and Ukrainian Displaced Persons, some of whom were alleged to have committed war crimes, in Italy and Austria."," After completing this assignment, Maclean focused on politics, representing Lancaster until 1959 and Bute and North Ayrshire from 1959-1974, and served as Parliamentary Under Secretary of State for War from 1954-1957. He was chairman of the Committee of the North Atlantic Assembly from 1964-1974. Maclean's friendship with Tito and frequent visits to Yugoslavia allowed him to play a key role in Anglo-Yugoslav relations. In the 1960's he purchased a home on the island of Korcula, becoming one of the few foreigners allowed to own property in Yugoslavia. Maclean also maintained a keen interest in the Soviet Union where he traveled extensively and he served as chairman of the Great Britain-USSR Association. He lectured frequently in the United Kingdom and the United States on Yugoslav and Soviet affairs."," Maclean's literary career was launched in 1949 with the publication of Eastern Approaches, a memoir of his experiences as a diplomat and soldier, which was acclaimed by critics and became a best-seller. This was followed in 1957 by a biography of Tito,  Disputed Barricade, A Person from England (1958), describing the adventures of English travelers in Central Asia, and in 1958,  Back to Bokhara (1959), and a number of books, articles and book reviews on Yugoslavia, the Soviet Union, and other subjects."," A third focal point of his writing was Scotland, and he published  A Concise History of Scotland , (1970),  The Isles of the Sea , a collection of West Highland folk tales (1985),  Bonnie Prince Charlie , (1988) and  Highlanders (1995). Along with establishing a reputation as the author of entertaining and informative works that blended his travel experiences and historical research, he turned his attention to radio and television, working on a number of documentary programs including  The Road to Samarkand and  The Life and Times of Marshal Tito and two major series.  Portrait of the Soviet Union and  Highlanders ."," Maclean was made a baronet in 1957 and a Knight of the Thistle in 1993, and was the recipient of many honors and decorations including the Commander of the British Empire, the Croix de Guerre, the Order of Kutusov, and the Partisan Star, and several honorary degrees."," In 1946 Maclean married a widow with two children, Veronica (Fraser) Phipps, daughter of the 16th Lord Lovat. They had two sons, James and Charles. In 1957 the Macleans purchased Strachur, an estate in Argyllshire in the Scottish Highlands, and later operated a hotel on the estate, the Creggans Inn, which became known for its good food, drink, and hospitality. Maclean continued to be extremely active into his eighties and kept up a busy schedule of writing, lecturing and traveling. He died of a heart attack while swimming at a friend's house in June 1996. In Maclean's later years, there was speculation that he had been the inspiration for Ian Fleming's James Bond.","This Fitzroy Maclean papers consist (1827-1996; 44 cubic feet) of the professional and personal papers of Scottish soldier, diplomat, politician, author, and traveler, Sir Fitzroy Hew Maclean (1911-1996) of Dunconnel. It includes correspondence, memoranda, manuscripts, typescripts, newspaper and magazine articles, book reviews, lectures, speeches, photographs, memorabilia, and research material pertaining to his military, diplomatic, political and literary career as well as family and personal affairs.","Maclean is best known for his role during World War II as head of the British military mission to Yugoslavia in which he served as Winston Churchill's personal representative to leader of the Communist Partisans, Josip Broz Tito, his diplomatic service in the Soviet Union in the late 1930's, and as the author of the classic memoir Eastern Approaches (1949) and many other books and articles. After the war, he pursued a political career as a Conservative member of Parliament, and, based on his close relationship with Tito, played a key role in Anglo-Yugoslav affairs. He was also noted for his expertise on the Soviet Union."," A third focal point of his life and career was Scotland: he was a proud member of Clan Maclean and wrote several works on Scottish history, biography, and folklore. The collection contains some material in Serbo-Croatian, German, Italian and French."," The papers are arranged in four main series with various sub-series. Items of particular interest in the First Series, Career and Personal Papers, are described in the following paragraphs devoted to each subseries. In the Diplomatic Subseries are dispatches and memoranda of his trips through Central Asia (including Afghanistan and the ancient cities Bokhara and Samarkand) and the Caucasus, on the situation in Sinkiang (Chinese Turkestan) and on the political stability of the Soviet Union, 1937-1939."," The subseries British Military Mission to Yugoslavia contains Winston Churchill's Minute concerning his Mission to Tito, Autograph Diary (2 pages) re his arrival in Yugoslavia, \"Ratweek\" Map (oversize), twelve files (labeled Top Secret) including memoranda, correspondence, telegrams, etc concerning military and political affairs such as Allied operations and aid to Tito's Partisans, formation of the Yugoslav government, relief, the visit of Field Marshal Alexander, Supreme Allied Commander to Belgrade, Macedonia, Prospect of South Slav federation, and correspondence with Evelyn Waugh."," The Special Refugee Commission subseries contains correspondence, telegrams, reports, including one submitted to Foreign Secretary Ernest Bevin, articles, and a draft of a speech on the refugee problems to a parliamentary committee."," Political correspondence includes papers concerning the Lancaster by-election of 1941, the general election of 1945, and correspondence with Winston Churchill, Harold Macmillan, Anthony Eden, Alec Douglas- Home, Peter Carrington, Harold Wilson, Margaret Thatcher, John Major, Robert Kennedy, John Lindsay, Henry Jackson, and Averell Harriman ; a memorandum to Field Marshal Alexander of Tunis concerning irregular warfare; and correspondence and memoranda related to a parliamentary delegation to Romania in 1973."," Material in the VIP Subseries includes: letters and notes from members of the Royal Family including Prince Charles, Princess Margaret, Elizabeth the Queen Mother; Clementine Churchill and Mary Churchill Soames; and a thank you note from Lauren Bacall."," The Yugoslavia and Tito Subseries contains significant material including memoranda of meetings with Tito in 1949,1950, 1953, 1968, 1973; informative accounts by Maclean and other British officers about the Military Mission in World War II for an official book published by Muzej AVNOJ (1970-1971); correspondence about Maclean's involvement in proposals for the publication of Tito's memoirs (1966-1977) and about the nomination of Tito for the Nobel Peace Prize (1972-1973); correspondence and papers by Maclean and others from a conference on British Policy and Resistance in the Balkans (1973); Briefing papers, correspondence and memoranda of Margaret Thatcher's visit to Yugoslavia in 1977, and correspondence and memorabilia pertaining to the Prince of Wales' visit in 1978; correspondence about Maclean's visit in 1989 and transcript of an interview with Prime Minister Ante Markovic."," For the 1990's, the time of war and the dissolution of Yugoslavia , there is correspondence with David Owen, Stevan Dedijer and others, and about the Korcula Emergency Appeal, a relief effort for a hospital on the island of Korcula, Croatia, organized by the Macleans; letters from Yugoslav friends describing the turmoil , and/or seeking assistance in finding jobs in the United Kingdom; correspondence about renewed controversy about the British Military Mission in World War II. and the Aldington-Tolstoy Libel Case concerning the repatriation of Yugoslavs in 1945. It should also be noted that in Series II, Subseries B, Literary Material pertaining to Yugoslavia, there is some correspondence filed with the manuscripts, typescripts, articles and radio and television transcripts."," The Subseries Family and Personal Papers has letters from friends and teachers, some in German, French, and Italian. In a significant group of letters to his parents (1939-1945) from London, Cairo, Belgrade, and elsewhere, Maclean discussed the international situation, his desire to leave the Foreign Office in order to join the army, life in London during the Blitz, the beginning of his political career, and his military service (some letters were extensively cut by the censors). There are also a number of letters to his parents from the years 1946-1955 from Maclean and his wife Veronica discussing family matters and living conditions in Italy and Austria while Maclean was directing the Special Refugee Commission, and about their travels in Yugoslavia, Greece and Turkey in the early 1950's."," Also present is correspondence with Frank McLynn, his biographer, 1990-1994, and two scrapbooks. The blue scrapbook (1939-1951) includes one letter of Maclean to his aunt, newspaper clippings relating to his military service in Yugoslavia, his marriage, some articles by him, a few photographs. The red scrapbook, 1943-1946 also has newspaper clippings about his military service and political career and articles by him."," The Second Series consists of literary papers. This series contains drafts, typescripts, setting copies of his books with related correspondence with publishers and others about the publication process, contracts, royalty statements, book reviews, fan mail, articles, book reviews, speeches, lectures, transcripts of radio and television programs, film proposals or treatments. Several of his books were published under different titles in the United States. It is organized into five subseries based on subject matter. These include:  Eastern Approaches (American title-  Escape to Adventure ); Yugoslavia (the country as originally constituted and also the new states that emerged in the 1990's); Russia and the former Soviet Union and the new nations post 1990); Scotland; and Miscellaneous Literary."," The subseries about  Eastern Approaches contains a typed manuscript (Setting copy) with corrections, including an unpublished introduction; some material omitted from the published version including his admiration for a Soviet army unit, comments on the Cetniks, and conversations with King George VI and Winston Churchill and King Peter of Yugoslavia; letters from Michael Adeane, Secretary to King George VI and Winston Churchill requesting that certain passages be omitted; a letter from Peter Fleming to Jonathan Cape offering his opinion of the book, a letter from Ian Fleming to Jonathan Cape and a note to Maclean."," Other material includes correspondence with Jonathan Cape and other publishers about a new edition, correspondence with Douglas Fairbanks, Eric Ambler and others concerning a possible film version, and with Ian Curteis about a proposed television adaptation."," The Yugoslavia Subseries includes books:  Disputed Barricade (1957), published in America as  The Heretic , which includes an interview with Tito;  Yugoslavia (1969), in which Maclean wrote the text for this book of photographs;  Battle of Neretva (1970); and  Tito: A Pictorial Biography (1980). Also present are articles from newspapers and magazines, 1947-1995, on Yugoslav politics and society, including interviews with Tito. Particularly interesting are two unpublished articles \"Whither Yugoslavia?\" written in 1989 based on interviews with Yugoslav politicians, including Slobodan Milosevic. There are also a number of book reviews of works by Julian Amery, William Deakin, Noel Malcolm and Misha Glenny and others."," In addition, the subseries on Yugoslavia contains lectures, 1949-1995; transcripts of radio and television programs, with related correspondence; and some interviews with Tito, notably The \"Life and Times of Marshal Tito\" (December 1963); and one for a CBS news program (1969)."," The Russian Material Subseries contains drafts, correspondence, and research material for his books  A Person from England (1958), including several autograph letters,1827-1861, of Dr. Joseph Wolff, one of the English travelers chronicled in the book;  Back to Bokhara (1959);  Holy Russia (1978); drafts titled \"All the Russias\" and \"The Other Russias,\" which were the basis for  To the Back of Beyond (1974),  To Caucasus: End of All the Earth (1976); and  Holy Russia (1978) which completed the trilogy;  Portrait of the Soviet Union (1988), including material for both the book and the related TBS television series since Maclean was working on these simultaneously; and  All the Russias (1992). Correspondents include Pamela Harriman, Marietta Tree and Fitzgerald Bemiss."," In addition to his books about Russia and the Soviet Union, his papers also contain articles, 1949-1995 on political, social, economic, cultural aspects of the former Soviet Union, a number on Georgia and the Caucasus, and Mikhail Gorbachev; book reviews, 1949-1994; and radio and television material, such as correspondence and transcripts for programs, including \"The End of All the Earth\" and \"Carnival in the Caucasus\"; interviews with Anna Mikhailovna Larina (Bukharin's widow) and others for the BBC \"Timewatch\" program \"Bukharin.\""," The subseries concerning his Scotland material includes books,  A Concise History of Scotland (1970);  Isles of the Sea (1985);  Bonnie Prince Charlie (1988); and  Highlanders (originally titled  Clans ) (1995). Material for the book and television series are combined since Maclean was working on them simultaneously. Among the articles on Scotland is a notable series \"Scottish Approaches\" which appeared in  The Scotsman in 1959."," The last subseries in Maclean's Literary Papers consists of miscellaneous literary material, including material for the book  Take Nine Spies . There is also correspondence with publishers in which he discusses more than one book, and with his literary agents."," Articles are arranged chronologically, and topics range from post World War II Japan, Korea, Italy, the Middle East, and defense policy to China and Mongolia in the 1960's, an extended trip to China in 1988, and his travels in Nepal, Tibet, and Oman in the 1990's. There are also articles about his military, diplomatic, political and literary career, his travels, and personal life, and note that others are contained in two scrapbooks. The radio and television material includes his commentaries on the international scene from 1946 on."," Photographic Material comprises the third series, which contains twenty-four boxes of photographs (some in albums), contact sheets, negatives, and slides, taken by Maclean, primarily of his travels in the former Soviet Union, Europe and Asia, from 1938 through the 1990's. Especially noteworthy are those taken in Moscow, Leningrad, and Central Asia, including Afghanistan, the cities Bokhara and Samarkand, and Persia, Paris and Florence in the late 1930's, Yugoslavia during World War II, postwar Korean and China, and of Yugoslavia, Greece, Turkey and Iran in the early 1950's. Maclean visited the former Soviet Union frequently from the late 1950's through 1987 and took numerous photographs of his favorite regions, Central Asia and the Caucasus, particularly Georgia."," As for Yugoslavia, there is an album dated 1953 labeled Namanevru Jugoslovenska Narodne, Armije (Yugoslav People's Army) with photographs of Tito, Maclean, and soldiers; and photographs from the early 1960's through 1980 including a number of photographs of Tito. Individuals subjects include Winston Churchill and Margaret Thatcher. There are also many family photographs taken at Maclean's homes Beechfield and Strachur, and of friends. The photographs used in  Eastern Approaches ,  Disputed Barricade ,  A Person from England , and  Bonnie Prince Charlie are also in this section.\n \n The fourth series consists of two small additions to the papers and include some correpondence files, such as congratulatory letters about his appointment as Under Secretary for War in 1954 and his Baronetcy in 1957, his letters published in the press, and the Great Britain-USSR Association; files on his participation in various conferences concerning Yugoslavia and War War II; election campaign materials of Maclean; Notebooks, including \"Russian Notebook\" (May 15-June 17, 1958); \"Mission\" describing his recall from the Middle East in 1943 to go to Yugoslavia as Winston Churchill's personal representative to support the resistance forces that were most effective against the Germans, moving British support from the Chetniks to the Communist-led partisans and Tito, (circa 1943-1944); and a trip to the country of Georgia (no year, May-June); news articles; speeches by Maclean, including printed speeches published in \"Parliamentary Debates\"; passports; pocket and desk diaries; first drafts of \"Eastern Approaches\"; a file on guerilla warfare; a copy of a 1938 Report on Central Asia by Maclean; and Veronica Maclean's description about her first meeting with Josip Broz Tito in 1947.","re Appointments to London, Paris, and Moscow and his resignation from the Foreign Office","re Maclean's Mission to Tito and an Extract from  The Second World War","including \"The Partisan Movement in Yugoslavia\" and \"Note on the Present Military and Political Situation in Serbia\"","Drafts of Statement on the Extent of British Aid to the Partisans","re Appointments and Impact on Service to Constituency","re Irregular Warfare and Correspondence with Field Marshall Earl Alexander of Tunis and Others","re Vietnam War","re the Soviet Invasion of Czechoslovakia","re Interview with Vice-President Bodnaras of Romania; Meeting with Tito; and Draft Article on Sino-Soviet Border","re Winston Churchill","re E.C. Grants for Argyll and Bute","re Consideration of Fitzroy Maclean as Governor of Cyprus","re a Resignation to Veronica Maclean","re his serving as godfather to her daughter, Charlotte","re British Press Coverage of Yugoslavia","re Simic Cureija","re Visit with Tito, with note from Jack Coville, Secretary to Winston Churchill","re Tito","re Korcula","re the Soviet Invasion of Czechoslovakia","re Visit to Yugoslavia for 25th Anniversary of National Liberation, includes photographs of Maclean and Willian Deakin","Decoration Awarded to Fitzroy Maclean","Proposed British Decorations of Yugoslavs","re Yugoslav Students in Britain","re Allied Mission to Yugoslavia in World War II for Muzej AVNOJ","re Korcula, Yugoslavia, Town Twinning with Argyll and Bute, Scotland","re Maclean's Efforts in Support of Tito for the Nobel Peace Prize","re British Policy towards the Balkan Resistance Movements","re Meeting with Tito","re Research and Annual Summaries (Copies) of Events in Yugoslavia, 1957-1972","re Margaret Thatcher's Trip, with Official Program","re the Prince of Wales' Visit to Yugoslavia","re Fitzroy Maclean's article for the British-Yugoslav Society on the Prince of Wales' visit","re Arrangements for the British Delegation to Tito's Funeral","re Official Visit of Fitzroy Maclean","re Program of Economic Reform","re his biography of Tito","re Controversy over British Military Mission in World War II","re BBC \"Timewatch: Tito\" Program","re a Yugoslav Detainee in 1945","re Korcula, Croatia Emergency Appeal","re Benefit Concert for Dubrovnik","re Owen's Mission","re Aldington-Tolstoy Libel Case (Repatriations in 1945)","re Tito Memoirs and other projects","re Purchase of \"Beechfield\"","re Ticonderoga story","re Purchase of \"Creggans Inn\"","re  Fitzroy Maclean","re Evelyn Waugh biography","re Fitzroy Maclean","re Fitzroy Maclean and Articles by him","re Awarding of Baronetcy and Arms","re Honorary Degree from the University of Glasgow","re Honorary Degree from Acadia University","re Honorary Degree from Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, to Fitzroy Maclean and Tito","re Honorary Degree from Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, to Fitzroy Maclean and Tito, signed by Josip Broz Tito and Madame Jovanka Broz","re Honorary Degree from Dundee University","re Special Air Service","re the 23rd Special Air Service Regiment","re Installation of Fitzroy Maclean in the Order of theThistle","re Installation of Fitzroy Maclean in the Order of the Thistle","re Appointment of Fitzroy Maclean in the Order of the Thistle--Congratulations","re Appointment of Fitzroy Maclean in the Order of the Thistle","Order of the Thistle Ceremony","re Freedom of Argyll and Bute","re omitting part of an interview with the King about Yugoslavia from his book","with comments about what Maclean had written about himself in the book","thanking him for the copy of his book sent to the King","re Publicity","Translations","re American Edition","re German Edition","re Paperback Edition","re Proposed Film, with a copy of the script for the film, April 1956","re Proposed TV Series","re Proposed TV Series","re Yugoslav Edition","re Yugoslav Edition","Letter of thanks on behalf of Tito","re American Edition,  The Heretic","re Translations","re German Forces in Yugoslavia","including \"The Fourth Enemy Offensive\" and some in Serbo-Croatian","re Book Promotion Tour in Yugoslavia","re Book Promotion Tour in Yugoslavia","including some correspondence and notes","re Korcula by Charles Maclean","Unpublished","re of BBC Radio Broadcast on Mission to Tito","re Tito obituary for BBC Radio","re BBC Radio \"I Was There\"","re Film \"General from Strachur\"","re BBC Television Tito Obituary","re Tito Interview for CBS News","re Proposed BBC Programs","re Proposed Film on Tito","re BBC Program on the S.O.E. (Special Operations Executive)","re BBC Program on Evelyn Waugh","re Miscellaneous Television and Film Projects","re BBC Program \"Ratlines\"","re VPRO Program","re New Edition","re Proposed Film","re Research","re Translations","Original Letters of Joseph Wolff and Correspondence with Ancient Light Bookshop","Transcripts and Copies of Letters of Charles Stoddart and others from the Public Records Office","re American Edition and Other Projects","re Copyright Renewal","re German edition","re the Sino Russian Border in  Life","re the Caucasus Region","Correspondence re","re the Bukharin Trial in Moscow \u0026 Interview with his widow","re Mikhail Gorbachev","re Georgia in  The Sunday Times","re Azerbaijan","re Georgia, including notes and drafts","re Georgia in  The Scotsman Magazine","re Azerbaijan","re Caucasus","re Mikhail Gorbachov","re Mikhail Gorbachev in honor of Hugh Seton-Watson","given at Foyle's Lunch","re Georgia","re Georgia","re a New Edition","re an American Edition","re a German Edition","August 1, 1996 from Edwin Moore to Veronica Maclean","re German Edition","re reprint as  West Highland Tales","re Publicity \u0026 Book Reviews","re Publicity","re \"Scotland in Parliament\"","re Japan","re Asia","re Korea","re Italy","re the Middle East","re Persia","re Defense of Great Britain","re Greece","re Libya during World War II","re Turkey","re China \"Inside Red China\"","re China Trip","re China \"Peking Revisited,\" \"Don't Let China Stew in Her Own Juice,\" and \"Eyewitnesses in China\"","re Mongolia","re Sir Winston Churchill","Mongolia","re the Black Sea, including one by Veronica Maclean","re Defense of Europe: \"Nuclear Deterrence and Conventional Forces,\" with Correspondence","re China--Trip to Kashgar in Chinese Turkestan, including Correspondence","re Nepal and Bhutan","re Germany","re David Stirling for  Dictionary of National Biography and Correspondence","re Canary Islands","re Oman","re Tibet--Correspondence, Travel Arrangements, and Memorabilia","re Tibet","re the Channel Tunnel","re Fitzroy Maclean, some in German, French, Serbo-Croatian, Swedish, and Dutch","re Tibet","re Publication of Evelyn Waugh's Diaries, which include references to Fitzroy Maclean","re Invitation to Frankfurt","re German Translations of  Isles of the Sea and  Eastern Approaches","re Proposed Book of Interviews including Fitzroy Maclean","some accompanied by correspondence, including: Violet Asquith, Nancy Astor, Charles Bohlen, John Bute, Nicolae Causescu, Earl Cawdor, Thomas Churchill, John Clarke, the Queen Mother, Lord Lovat, Charles Maclean, Andrew Maxwell, Paddy Mayne and Bill Elliot, Iain Moncrieffe, Peter Moore, David Scott, David Stirling, and Lord Ward","People","Environs \u0026 Monasteries","GUM Store, Race Track, \u0026 Fashions","The Kremlin \u0026 Red Square","The file includes a draft of a 1968 letter to Aleksey Aleksandrovich Surkov, President of the USSR - Great Britain Society, also includes letters to and from the Baroness Asquith of Yarnbury (\"Violet\").","Notebooks include \"Russian Notebook\" (May 15-June 17, 1958); \"Mission\" describing his recall from the Middle East in 1943 to go to Yugoslavia as Winston Churchill's personal representative to support the resistance forces that were most effective against the Germans, moving British support from the Chetniks to the Communist-led partisans and Tito, (circa 1943-1944); and a trip to the country of Georgia (no year, May-June), circa 1943-1958","Includes Maclean's undated notes on Soviet history up to \"Glasnost,\" notes on the \"Council of Europe,\" (1973); series of letters between Sir Charles Peake, British Embassy, and Sir Fitzroy Maclean, 1946-1953.","These include a speech before the Boarding House and Catering Association, one mentioning nuclear deterrence, and international events.","This addition contains two letters written by Fitzroy Maclean and John Baldock to Helen F. Moore of Leicester, England. A typewritten letter from Maclean to Baldock addresses Moore's concern regarding rioting by South Koreans in the vicinity of the Troops Rest Center at Inchon and her request to move the Center. He reviews her concern, noting that the demonstrations were against the Neutral Nations Armistice Commission and took place six and a half miles from the Center. He notes that the Center was not affected by the rioting and that, after careful consideration, the Center would remain open and not move to another area. The second item is a cover letter from John Baldock forwarding Maclean's response to Ms. Moore.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Maclean, Fitzroy, 1911-1996","Materials are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 11487","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/838"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Sir Fitzroy Maclean papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Sir Fitzroy Maclean papers"],"collection_ssim":["Sir Fitzroy Maclean papers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Maclean, Fitzroy, 1911-1996"],"creator_ssim":["Maclean, Fitzroy, 1911-1996"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Maclean, Fitzroy, 1911-1996"],"creators_ssim":["Maclean, Fitzroy, 1911-1996"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased by the University of Virginia Library on November 30, 1998. The first addition, consisting of the desk diaries of Sir Fitzroy Maclean (MSS 11487-a), was received on March 7, 2003, and the second addition (ViU20160030) was received on December 1, 2015."],"access_subjects_ssim":["letters (correspondence)","diaries","Black-and-white photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["letters (correspondence)","diaries","Black-and-white photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["44 Cubic Feet 102 document boxes, 2 os folders"],"extent_tesim":["44 Cubic Feet 102 document boxes, 2 os folders"],"genreform_ssim":["letters (correspondence)","diaries","Black-and-white photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research use."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in four main series, with various subseries: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Career and Personal Papers (Boxes 1-11) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A: Diplomatic Service (Box 1) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B: British Military Mission to Yugoslavia (Boxes 1-2) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries C: Special Refugee Commission (Boxes 2-3) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries D: Political Correspondence (Box 3) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries E: VIP Material (Boxes 3-4) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries F: Yugoslavia \u0026amp; Tito Related Material (Boxes 4-8) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries G: Family \u0026amp; Personal Papers (Boxes 9-10) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries H: Honors \u0026amp; Decorations (Boxes 10- 11) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Literary Papers - Books, Television \u0026amp; Radio Scripts, Articles, etc. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A: Eastern Approaches Material (Boxes 12-15) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B: Yugoslavia Related Material, including Books (Boxes 15-21); and Articles, Book Reviews, Lectures, Radio \u0026amp; Television, \u0026amp; Research (Boxes 21-26) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries C: Russia \u0026amp; the Former Soviet Union Material, including Books (Boxes 26-40); Articles (Boxes 41-43); Book Reviews \u0026amp; Lectures (Boxes 43-45); and Radio \u0026amp; Television (Boxes 45-46) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries D: Scotland Material, including Books (Boxes 46-57), Highlanders Television Series (Boxes 57-58), and Articles, Book Reviews and Lectures (Boxes 59-60) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries E: Miscellaneous Literary Material, including Take Nine Spies (Boxes 60-63), Articles (Boxes 64-66); Book Reviews, Introductions, Lectures \u0026amp; Speeches and Literary Correspondence (Boxes 67-68); and Radio and Television (Boxes 68-69) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III: Photographic Material (Boxes 70-93)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV: Sir Fitzroy Maclean Additional Papers (Boxes 94-102 \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere the Threat of Soviet Expansion in Asia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eParlimentary Delegation to Romania\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in four main series, with various subseries: ","Series I: Career and Personal Papers (Boxes 1-11) ","Subseries A: Diplomatic Service (Box 1) ","Subseries B: British Military Mission to Yugoslavia (Boxes 1-2) ","Subseries C: Special Refugee Commission (Boxes 2-3) ","Subseries D: Political Correspondence (Box 3) ","Subseries E: VIP Material (Boxes 3-4) ","Subseries F: Yugoslavia \u0026 Tito Related Material (Boxes 4-8) ","Subseries G: Family \u0026 Personal Papers (Boxes 9-10) ","Subseries H: Honors \u0026 Decorations (Boxes 10- 11) ","Series II: Literary Papers - Books, Television \u0026 Radio Scripts, Articles, etc. ","Subseries A: Eastern Approaches Material (Boxes 12-15) ","Subseries B: Yugoslavia Related Material, including Books (Boxes 15-21); and Articles, Book Reviews, Lectures, Radio \u0026 Television, \u0026 Research (Boxes 21-26) ","Subseries C: Russia \u0026 the Former Soviet Union Material, including Books (Boxes 26-40); Articles (Boxes 41-43); Book Reviews \u0026 Lectures (Boxes 43-45); and Radio \u0026 Television (Boxes 45-46) ","Subseries D: Scotland Material, including Books (Boxes 46-57), Highlanders Television Series (Boxes 57-58), and Articles, Book Reviews and Lectures (Boxes 59-60) ","Subseries E: Miscellaneous Literary Material, including Take Nine Spies (Boxes 60-63), Articles (Boxes 64-66); Book Reviews, Introductions, Lectures \u0026 Speeches and Literary Correspondence (Boxes 67-68); and Radio and Television (Boxes 68-69) ","Series III: Photographic Material (Boxes 70-93)","Series IV: Sir Fitzroy Maclean Additional Papers (Boxes 94-102 ","re the Threat of Soviet Expansion in Asia","Parlimentary Delegation to Romania"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFitzroy Hew Royle Maclean was born in 1911 in Cairo, Egypt to Charles Maclean, a major in the British army, and Gladys Royle Maclean. He was raised in Scotland, India, and Italy and attended Eton (1924-28), the University of Marburg in Germany (1929), and Kings' College, Cambridge (1929-32) where he won a senior scholarship and first class honors. He entered the Foreign Office in 1934 and was first posted to Paris, and then to Moscow in 1937 where he served as the Third Secretary in the British Embassy. Stalin's purges were at their height during Maclean's two years in the Soviet Union, and he was present at the state trial of Nikolai Bukharin in 1938. He also made journeys to remote areas of the Soviet Union such as Central Asia and the Caucasus where few if any foreigners had been for many years. In 1939 he returned to London and worked in the Foreign Office on Russian affairs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e When World War II broke out, he wanted to enlist in the military, but as a diplomat was in a \"reserved\" position and was not allowed to do so. He learned that the only way to be released from the Foreign Office was to declare himself a candidate for Parliament, and so he was returned for the constituency of Lancaster at a by-election in 1941. He joined the Cameron Highlanders regiment in the British army as a private, and then the new Special Air Service (SAS) and served in the Western Desert, where he participated in the raid on Benghazi along with SAS founder David Stirling and Randolph Churchill, and foiled a coup in Persia by kidnapping General Zahidi who had collaborated with the Germans.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In July 1943 Prime Minister Winston Churchill asked Maclean to serve as his personal representative and Brigadier commanding a British Military Mission to Josip Broz Tito, leader of the Communist Partisans in German-occupied Yugoslavia. At this stage of the war, there was a debate in the British government over which Yugoslav resistance group it should support - Tito's Partisans or Draza Mihalovich's Cetniks. In September Maclean was dropped by parachute into Bosnia and met Tito, and subsequently reported to Churchill that the Partisans were the more effective fighting force and would benefit from additional British and American aid. In August 1944, as the Germans prepared to withdraw from Yugoslavia Maclean planned \"Operation Ratweek\" for the first week of September, a coordinated Allied and Partisan attack on enemy communications which proved quite successful. In the course of his mission, which lasted until 1945, he became a friend and admirer of Tito. In 1947 Maclean was asked to head the Special Refugee Commission which had the sensitive task of screening of tens of thousands of Yugoslav and Ukrainian Displaced Persons, some of whom were alleged to have committed war crimes, in Italy and Austria.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e After completing this assignment, Maclean focused on politics, representing Lancaster until 1959 and Bute and North Ayrshire from 1959-1974, and served as Parliamentary Under Secretary of State for War from 1954-1957. He was chairman of the Committee of the North Atlantic Assembly from 1964-1974. Maclean's friendship with Tito and frequent visits to Yugoslavia allowed him to play a key role in Anglo-Yugoslav relations. In the 1960's he purchased a home on the island of Korcula, becoming one of the few foreigners allowed to own property in Yugoslavia. Maclean also maintained a keen interest in the Soviet Union where he traveled extensively and he served as chairman of the Great Britain-USSR Association. He lectured frequently in the United Kingdom and the United States on Yugoslav and Soviet affairs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Maclean's literary career was launched in 1949 with the publication of Eastern Approaches, a memoir of his experiences as a diplomat and soldier, which was acclaimed by critics and became a best-seller. This was followed in 1957 by a biography of Tito, \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eDisputed Barricade, A Person from England\u003c/title\u003e(1958), describing the adventures of English travelers in Central Asia, and in 1958, \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eBack to Bokhara\u003c/title\u003e(1959), and a number of books, articles and book reviews on Yugoslavia, the Soviet Union, and other subjects.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e A third focal point of his writing was Scotland, and he published \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eA Concise History of Scotland\u003c/title\u003e, (1970), \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Isles of the Sea\u003c/title\u003e, a collection of West Highland folk tales (1985), \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eBonnie Prince Charlie\u003c/title\u003e, (1988) and \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eHighlanders\u003c/title\u003e(1995). Along with establishing a reputation as the author of entertaining and informative works that blended his travel experiences and historical research, he turned his attention to radio and television, working on a number of documentary programs including \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Road to Samarkand\u003c/title\u003eand \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Life and Times of Marshal Tito\u003c/title\u003eand two major series. \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003ePortrait of the Soviet Union\u003c/title\u003eand \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eHighlanders\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Maclean was made a baronet in 1957 and a Knight of the Thistle in 1993, and was the recipient of many honors and decorations including the Commander of the British Empire, the Croix de Guerre, the Order of Kutusov, and the Partisan Star, and several honorary degrees.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In 1946 Maclean married a widow with two children, Veronica (Fraser) Phipps, daughter of the 16th Lord Lovat. They had two sons, James and Charles. In 1957 the Macleans purchased Strachur, an estate in Argyllshire in the Scottish Highlands, and later operated a hotel on the estate, the Creggans Inn, which became known for its good food, drink, and hospitality. Maclean continued to be extremely active into his eighties and kept up a busy schedule of writing, lecturing and traveling. He died of a heart attack while swimming at a friend's house in June 1996. In Maclean's later years, there was speculation that he had been the inspiration for Ian Fleming's James Bond.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Fitzroy Hew Royle Maclean was born in 1911 in Cairo, Egypt to Charles Maclean, a major in the British army, and Gladys Royle Maclean. He was raised in Scotland, India, and Italy and attended Eton (1924-28), the University of Marburg in Germany (1929), and Kings' College, Cambridge (1929-32) where he won a senior scholarship and first class honors. He entered the Foreign Office in 1934 and was first posted to Paris, and then to Moscow in 1937 where he served as the Third Secretary in the British Embassy. Stalin's purges were at their height during Maclean's two years in the Soviet Union, and he was present at the state trial of Nikolai Bukharin in 1938. He also made journeys to remote areas of the Soviet Union such as Central Asia and the Caucasus where few if any foreigners had been for many years. In 1939 he returned to London and worked in the Foreign Office on Russian affairs."," When World War II broke out, he wanted to enlist in the military, but as a diplomat was in a \"reserved\" position and was not allowed to do so. He learned that the only way to be released from the Foreign Office was to declare himself a candidate for Parliament, and so he was returned for the constituency of Lancaster at a by-election in 1941. He joined the Cameron Highlanders regiment in the British army as a private, and then the new Special Air Service (SAS) and served in the Western Desert, where he participated in the raid on Benghazi along with SAS founder David Stirling and Randolph Churchill, and foiled a coup in Persia by kidnapping General Zahidi who had collaborated with the Germans."," In July 1943 Prime Minister Winston Churchill asked Maclean to serve as his personal representative and Brigadier commanding a British Military Mission to Josip Broz Tito, leader of the Communist Partisans in German-occupied Yugoslavia. At this stage of the war, there was a debate in the British government over which Yugoslav resistance group it should support - Tito's Partisans or Draza Mihalovich's Cetniks. In September Maclean was dropped by parachute into Bosnia and met Tito, and subsequently reported to Churchill that the Partisans were the more effective fighting force and would benefit from additional British and American aid. In August 1944, as the Germans prepared to withdraw from Yugoslavia Maclean planned \"Operation Ratweek\" for the first week of September, a coordinated Allied and Partisan attack on enemy communications which proved quite successful. In the course of his mission, which lasted until 1945, he became a friend and admirer of Tito. In 1947 Maclean was asked to head the Special Refugee Commission which had the sensitive task of screening of tens of thousands of Yugoslav and Ukrainian Displaced Persons, some of whom were alleged to have committed war crimes, in Italy and Austria."," After completing this assignment, Maclean focused on politics, representing Lancaster until 1959 and Bute and North Ayrshire from 1959-1974, and served as Parliamentary Under Secretary of State for War from 1954-1957. He was chairman of the Committee of the North Atlantic Assembly from 1964-1974. Maclean's friendship with Tito and frequent visits to Yugoslavia allowed him to play a key role in Anglo-Yugoslav relations. In the 1960's he purchased a home on the island of Korcula, becoming one of the few foreigners allowed to own property in Yugoslavia. Maclean also maintained a keen interest in the Soviet Union where he traveled extensively and he served as chairman of the Great Britain-USSR Association. He lectured frequently in the United Kingdom and the United States on Yugoslav and Soviet affairs."," Maclean's literary career was launched in 1949 with the publication of Eastern Approaches, a memoir of his experiences as a diplomat and soldier, which was acclaimed by critics and became a best-seller. This was followed in 1957 by a biography of Tito,  Disputed Barricade, A Person from England (1958), describing the adventures of English travelers in Central Asia, and in 1958,  Back to Bokhara (1959), and a number of books, articles and book reviews on Yugoslavia, the Soviet Union, and other subjects."," A third focal point of his writing was Scotland, and he published  A Concise History of Scotland , (1970),  The Isles of the Sea , a collection of West Highland folk tales (1985),  Bonnie Prince Charlie , (1988) and  Highlanders (1995). Along with establishing a reputation as the author of entertaining and informative works that blended his travel experiences and historical research, he turned his attention to radio and television, working on a number of documentary programs including  The Road to Samarkand and  The Life and Times of Marshal Tito and two major series.  Portrait of the Soviet Union and  Highlanders ."," Maclean was made a baronet in 1957 and a Knight of the Thistle in 1993, and was the recipient of many honors and decorations including the Commander of the British Empire, the Croix de Guerre, the Order of Kutusov, and the Partisan Star, and several honorary degrees."," In 1946 Maclean married a widow with two children, Veronica (Fraser) Phipps, daughter of the 16th Lord Lovat. They had two sons, James and Charles. In 1957 the Macleans purchased Strachur, an estate in Argyllshire in the Scottish Highlands, and later operated a hotel on the estate, the Creggans Inn, which became known for its good food, drink, and hospitality. Maclean continued to be extremely active into his eighties and kept up a busy schedule of writing, lecturing and traveling. He died of a heart attack while swimming at a friend's house in June 1996. In Maclean's later years, there was speculation that he had been the inspiration for Ian Fleming's James Bond."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 11487 Sir Fitzroy Maclean papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 11487 Sir Fitzroy Maclean papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis Fitzroy Maclean papers consist (1827-1996; 44 cubic feet) of the professional and personal papers of Scottish soldier, diplomat, politician, author, and traveler, Sir Fitzroy Hew Maclean (1911-1996) of Dunconnel. It includes correspondence, memoranda, manuscripts, typescripts, newspaper and magazine articles, book reviews, lectures, speeches, photographs, memorabilia, and research material pertaining to his military, diplomatic, political and literary career as well as family and personal affairs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaclean is best known for his role during World War II as head of the British military mission to Yugoslavia in which he served as Winston Churchill's personal representative to leader of the Communist Partisans, Josip Broz Tito, his diplomatic service in the Soviet Union in the late 1930's, and as the author of the classic memoir Eastern Approaches (1949) and many other books and articles. After the war, he pursued a political career as a Conservative member of Parliament, and, based on his close relationship with Tito, played a key role in Anglo-Yugoslav affairs. He was also noted for his expertise on the Soviet Union.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e A third focal point of his life and career was Scotland: he was a proud member of Clan Maclean and wrote several works on Scottish history, biography, and folklore. The collection contains some material in Serbo-Croatian, German, Italian and French.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The papers are arranged in four main series with various sub-series. Items of particular interest in the First Series, Career and Personal Papers, are described in the following paragraphs devoted to each subseries. In the Diplomatic Subseries are dispatches and memoranda of his trips through Central Asia (including Afghanistan and the ancient cities Bokhara and Samarkand) and the Caucasus, on the situation in Sinkiang (Chinese Turkestan) and on the political stability of the Soviet Union, 1937-1939.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The subseries British Military Mission to Yugoslavia contains Winston Churchill's Minute concerning his Mission to Tito, Autograph Diary (2 pages) re his arrival in Yugoslavia, \"Ratweek\" Map (oversize), twelve files (labeled Top Secret) including memoranda, correspondence, telegrams, etc concerning military and political affairs such as Allied operations and aid to Tito's Partisans, formation of the Yugoslav government, relief, the visit of Field Marshal Alexander, Supreme Allied Commander to Belgrade, Macedonia, Prospect of South Slav federation, and correspondence with Evelyn Waugh.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The Special Refugee Commission subseries contains correspondence, telegrams, reports, including one submitted to Foreign Secretary Ernest Bevin, articles, and a draft of a speech on the refugee problems to a parliamentary committee.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Political correspondence includes papers concerning the Lancaster by-election of 1941, the general election of 1945, and correspondence with Winston Churchill, Harold Macmillan, Anthony Eden, Alec Douglas- Home, Peter Carrington, Harold Wilson, Margaret Thatcher, John Major, Robert Kennedy, John Lindsay, Henry Jackson, and Averell Harriman ; a memorandum to Field Marshal Alexander of Tunis concerning irregular warfare; and correspondence and memoranda related to a parliamentary delegation to Romania in 1973.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Material in the VIP Subseries includes: letters and notes from members of the Royal Family including Prince Charles, Princess Margaret, Elizabeth the Queen Mother; Clementine Churchill and Mary Churchill Soames; and a thank you note from Lauren Bacall.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The Yugoslavia and Tito Subseries contains significant material including memoranda of meetings with Tito in 1949,1950, 1953, 1968, 1973; informative accounts by Maclean and other British officers about the Military Mission in World War II for an official book published by Muzej AVNOJ (1970-1971); correspondence about Maclean's involvement in proposals for the publication of Tito's memoirs (1966-1977) and about the nomination of Tito for the Nobel Peace Prize (1972-1973); correspondence and papers by Maclean and others from a conference on British Policy and Resistance in the Balkans (1973); Briefing papers, correspondence and memoranda of Margaret Thatcher's visit to Yugoslavia in 1977, and correspondence and memorabilia pertaining to the Prince of Wales' visit in 1978; correspondence about Maclean's visit in 1989 and transcript of an interview with Prime Minister Ante Markovic.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e For the 1990's, the time of war and the dissolution of Yugoslavia , there is correspondence with David Owen, Stevan Dedijer and others, and about the Korcula Emergency Appeal, a relief effort for a hospital on the island of Korcula, Croatia, organized by the Macleans; letters from Yugoslav friends describing the turmoil , and/or seeking assistance in finding jobs in the United Kingdom; correspondence about renewed controversy about the British Military Mission in World War II. and the Aldington-Tolstoy Libel Case concerning the repatriation of Yugoslavs in 1945. It should also be noted that in Series II, Subseries B, Literary Material pertaining to Yugoslavia, there is some correspondence filed with the manuscripts, typescripts, articles and radio and television transcripts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The Subseries Family and Personal Papers has letters from friends and teachers, some in German, French, and Italian. In a significant group of letters to his parents (1939-1945) from London, Cairo, Belgrade, and elsewhere, Maclean discussed the international situation, his desire to leave the Foreign Office in order to join the army, life in London during the Blitz, the beginning of his political career, and his military service (some letters were extensively cut by the censors). There are also a number of letters to his parents from the years 1946-1955 from Maclean and his wife Veronica discussing family matters and living conditions in Italy and Austria while Maclean was directing the Special Refugee Commission, and about their travels in Yugoslavia, Greece and Turkey in the early 1950's.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Also present is correspondence with Frank McLynn, his biographer, 1990-1994, and two scrapbooks. The blue scrapbook (1939-1951) includes one letter of Maclean to his aunt, newspaper clippings relating to his military service in Yugoslavia, his marriage, some articles by him, a few photographs. The red scrapbook, 1943-1946 also has newspaper clippings about his military service and political career and articles by him.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The Second Series consists of literary papers. This series contains drafts, typescripts, setting copies of his books with related correspondence with publishers and others about the publication process, contracts, royalty statements, book reviews, fan mail, articles, book reviews, speeches, lectures, transcripts of radio and television programs, film proposals or treatments. Several of his books were published under different titles in the United States. It is organized into five subseries based on subject matter. These include: \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eEastern Approaches\u003c/title\u003e(American title- \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eEscape to Adventure\u003c/title\u003e); Yugoslavia (the country as originally constituted and also the new states that emerged in the 1990's); Russia and the former Soviet Union and the new nations post 1990); Scotland; and Miscellaneous Literary.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The subseries about \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eEastern Approaches\u003c/title\u003econtains a typed manuscript (Setting copy) with corrections, including an unpublished introduction; some material omitted from the published version including his admiration for a Soviet army unit, comments on the Cetniks, and conversations with King George VI and Winston Churchill and King Peter of Yugoslavia; letters from Michael Adeane, Secretary to King George VI and Winston Churchill requesting that certain passages be omitted; a letter from Peter Fleming to Jonathan Cape offering his opinion of the book, a letter from Ian Fleming to Jonathan Cape and a note to Maclean.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Other material includes correspondence with Jonathan Cape and other publishers about a new edition, correspondence with Douglas Fairbanks, Eric Ambler and others concerning a possible film version, and with Ian Curteis about a proposed television adaptation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The Yugoslavia Subseries includes books: \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eDisputed Barricade\u003c/title\u003e(1957), published in America as \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Heretic\u003c/title\u003e, which includes an interview with Tito; \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eYugoslavia\u003c/title\u003e(1969), in which Maclean wrote the text for this book of photographs; \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eBattle of Neretva\u003c/title\u003e(1970); and \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eTito: A Pictorial Biography\u003c/title\u003e(1980). Also present are articles from newspapers and magazines, 1947-1995, on Yugoslav politics and society, including interviews with Tito. Particularly interesting are two unpublished articles \"Whither Yugoslavia?\" written in 1989 based on interviews with Yugoslav politicians, including Slobodan Milosevic. There are also a number of book reviews of works by Julian Amery, William Deakin, Noel Malcolm and Misha Glenny and others.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In addition, the subseries on Yugoslavia contains lectures, 1949-1995; transcripts of radio and television programs, with related correspondence; and some interviews with Tito, notably The \"Life and Times of Marshal Tito\" (December 1963); and one for a CBS news program (1969).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The Russian Material Subseries contains drafts, correspondence, and research material for his books \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eA Person from England\u003c/title\u003e(1958), including several autograph letters,1827-1861, of Dr. Joseph Wolff, one of the English travelers chronicled in the book; \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eBack to Bokhara\u003c/title\u003e(1959); \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eHoly Russia\u003c/title\u003e(1978); drafts titled \"All the Russias\" and \"The Other Russias,\" which were the basis for \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eTo the Back of Beyond\u003c/title\u003e(1974), \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eTo Caucasus: End of All the Earth\u003c/title\u003e(1976); and \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eHoly Russia\u003c/title\u003e(1978) which completed the trilogy; \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003ePortrait of the Soviet Union\u003c/title\u003e(1988), including material for both the book and the related TBS television series since Maclean was working on these simultaneously; and \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eAll the Russias\u003c/title\u003e(1992). Correspondents include Pamela Harriman, Marietta Tree and Fitzgerald Bemiss.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In addition to his books about Russia and the Soviet Union, his papers also contain articles, 1949-1995 on political, social, economic, cultural aspects of the former Soviet Union, a number on Georgia and the Caucasus, and Mikhail Gorbachev; book reviews, 1949-1994; and radio and television material, such as correspondence and transcripts for programs, including \"The End of All the Earth\" and \"Carnival in the Caucasus\"; interviews with Anna Mikhailovna Larina (Bukharin's widow) and others for the BBC \"Timewatch\" program \"Bukharin.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The subseries concerning his Scotland material includes books, \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eA Concise History of Scotland\u003c/title\u003e(1970); \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eIsles of the Sea\u003c/title\u003e(1985); \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eBonnie Prince Charlie\u003c/title\u003e(1988); and \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eHighlanders\u003c/title\u003e(originally titled \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eClans\u003c/title\u003e) (1995). Material for the book and television series are combined since Maclean was working on them simultaneously. Among the articles on Scotland is a notable series \"Scottish Approaches\" which appeared in \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Scotsman\u003c/title\u003ein 1959.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The last subseries in Maclean's Literary Papers consists of miscellaneous literary material, including material for the book \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eTake Nine Spies\u003c/title\u003e. There is also correspondence with publishers in which he discusses more than one book, and with his literary agents.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Articles are arranged chronologically, and topics range from post World War II Japan, Korea, Italy, the Middle East, and defense policy to China and Mongolia in the 1960's, an extended trip to China in 1988, and his travels in Nepal, Tibet, and Oman in the 1990's. There are also articles about his military, diplomatic, political and literary career, his travels, and personal life, and note that others are contained in two scrapbooks. The radio and television material includes his commentaries on the international scene from 1946 on.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Photographic Material comprises the third series, which contains twenty-four boxes of photographs (some in albums), contact sheets, negatives, and slides, taken by Maclean, primarily of his travels in the former Soviet Union, Europe and Asia, from 1938 through the 1990's. Especially noteworthy are those taken in Moscow, Leningrad, and Central Asia, including Afghanistan, the cities Bokhara and Samarkand, and Persia, Paris and Florence in the late 1930's, Yugoslavia during World War II, postwar Korean and China, and of Yugoslavia, Greece, Turkey and Iran in the early 1950's. Maclean visited the former Soviet Union frequently from the late 1950's through 1987 and took numerous photographs of his favorite regions, Central Asia and the Caucasus, particularly Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e As for Yugoslavia, there is an album dated 1953 labeled Namanevru Jugoslovenska Narodne, Armije (Yugoslav People's Army) with photographs of Tito, Maclean, and soldiers; and photographs from the early 1960's through 1980 including a number of photographs of Tito. Individuals subjects include Winston Churchill and Margaret Thatcher. There are also many family photographs taken at Maclean's homes Beechfield and Strachur, and of friends. The photographs used in \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eEastern Approaches\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eDisputed Barricade\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eA Person from England\u003c/title\u003e, and \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eBonnie Prince Charlie\u003c/title\u003eare also in this section.\n \n The fourth series consists of two small additions to the papers and include some correpondence files, such as congratulatory letters about his appointment as Under Secretary for War in 1954 and his Baronetcy in 1957, his letters published in the press, and the Great Britain-USSR Association; files on his participation in various conferences concerning Yugoslavia and War War II; election campaign materials of Maclean; Notebooks, including \"Russian Notebook\" (May 15-June 17, 1958); \"Mission\" describing his recall from the Middle East in 1943 to go to Yugoslavia as Winston Churchill's personal representative to support the resistance forces that were most effective against the Germans, moving British support from the Chetniks to the Communist-led partisans and Tito, (circa 1943-1944); and a trip to the country of Georgia (no year, May-June); news articles; speeches by Maclean, including printed speeches published in \"Parliamentary Debates\"; passports; pocket and desk diaries; first drafts of \"Eastern Approaches\"; a file on guerilla warfare; a copy of a 1938 Report on Central Asia by Maclean; and Veronica Maclean's description about her first meeting with Josip Broz Tito in 1947.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Appointments to London, Paris, and Moscow and his resignation from the Foreign Office\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Maclean's Mission to Tito and an Extract from \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Second World War\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eincluding \"The Partisan Movement in Yugoslavia\" and \"Note on the Present Military and Political Situation in Serbia\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDrafts of Statement on the Extent of British Aid to the Partisans\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Appointments and Impact on Service to Constituency\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Irregular Warfare and Correspondence with Field Marshall Earl Alexander of Tunis and Others\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Vietnam War\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere the Soviet Invasion of Czechoslovakia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Interview with Vice-President Bodnaras of Romania; Meeting with Tito; and Draft Article on Sino-Soviet Border\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Winston Churchill\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere E.C. Grants for Argyll and Bute\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Consideration of Fitzroy Maclean as Governor of Cyprus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere a Resignation to Veronica Maclean\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere his serving as godfather to her daughter, Charlotte\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere British Press Coverage of Yugoslavia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Simic Cureija\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Visit with Tito, with note from Jack Coville, Secretary to Winston Churchill\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Tito\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Korcula\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere the Soviet Invasion of Czechoslovakia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Visit to Yugoslavia for 25th Anniversary of National Liberation, includes photographs of Maclean and Willian Deakin\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDecoration Awarded to Fitzroy Maclean\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProposed British Decorations of Yugoslavs\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Yugoslav Students in Britain\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Allied Mission to Yugoslavia in World War II for Muzej AVNOJ\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Korcula, Yugoslavia, Town Twinning with Argyll and Bute, Scotland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Maclean's Efforts in Support of Tito for the Nobel Peace Prize\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere British Policy towards the Balkan Resistance Movements\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Meeting with Tito\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Research and Annual Summaries (Copies) of Events in Yugoslavia, 1957-1972\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Margaret Thatcher's Trip, with Official Program\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere the Prince of Wales' Visit to Yugoslavia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Fitzroy Maclean's article for the British-Yugoslav Society on the Prince of Wales' visit\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Arrangements for the British Delegation to Tito's Funeral\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Official Visit of Fitzroy Maclean\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Program of Economic Reform\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere his biography of Tito\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Controversy over British Military Mission in World War II\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere BBC \"Timewatch: Tito\" Program\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere a Yugoslav Detainee in 1945\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Korcula, Croatia Emergency Appeal\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Benefit Concert for Dubrovnik\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Owen's Mission\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Aldington-Tolstoy Libel Case (Repatriations in 1945)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Tito Memoirs and other projects\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Purchase of \"Beechfield\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Ticonderoga story\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Purchase of \"Creggans Inn\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eFitzroy Maclean\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Evelyn Waugh biography\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Fitzroy Maclean\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Fitzroy Maclean and Articles by him\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Awarding of Baronetcy and Arms\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Honorary Degree from the University of Glasgow\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Honorary Degree from Acadia University\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Honorary Degree from Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, to Fitzroy Maclean and Tito\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Honorary Degree from Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, to Fitzroy Maclean and Tito, signed by Josip Broz Tito and Madame Jovanka Broz\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Honorary Degree from Dundee University\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Special Air Service\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere the 23rd Special Air Service Regiment\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Installation of Fitzroy Maclean in the Order of theThistle\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Installation of Fitzroy Maclean in the Order of the Thistle\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Appointment of Fitzroy Maclean in the Order of the Thistle--Congratulations\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Appointment of Fitzroy Maclean in the Order of the Thistle\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOrder of the Thistle Ceremony\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Freedom of Argyll and Bute\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere omitting part of an interview with the King about Yugoslavia from his book\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith comments about what Maclean had written about himself in the book\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ethanking him for the copy of his book sent to the King\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Publicity\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTranslations\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere American Edition\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere German Edition\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Paperback Edition\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Proposed Film, with a copy of the script for the film, April 1956\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Proposed TV Series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Proposed TV Series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Yugoslav Edition\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Yugoslav Edition\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter of thanks on behalf of Tito\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere American Edition, \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Heretic\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Translations\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere German Forces in Yugoslavia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eincluding \"The Fourth Enemy Offensive\" and some in Serbo-Croatian\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Book Promotion Tour in Yugoslavia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Book Promotion Tour in Yugoslavia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eincluding some correspondence and notes\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Korcula by Charles Maclean\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnpublished\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere of BBC Radio Broadcast on Mission to Tito\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Tito obituary for BBC Radio\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere BBC Radio \"I Was There\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Film \"General from Strachur\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere BBC Television Tito Obituary\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Tito Interview for CBS News\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Proposed BBC Programs\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Proposed Film on Tito\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere BBC Program on the S.O.E. (Special Operations Executive)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere BBC Program on Evelyn Waugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Miscellaneous Television and Film Projects\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere BBC Program \"Ratlines\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere VPRO Program\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere New Edition\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Proposed Film\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Research\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Translations\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginal Letters of Joseph Wolff and Correspondence with Ancient Light Bookshop\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTranscripts and Copies of Letters of Charles Stoddart and others from the Public Records Office\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere American Edition and Other Projects\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Copyright Renewal\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere German edition\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere the Sino Russian Border in \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eLife\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere the Caucasus Region\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence re\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere the Bukharin Trial in Moscow \u0026amp; Interview with his widow\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Mikhail Gorbachev\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Georgia in \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Sunday Times\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Azerbaijan\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Georgia, including notes and drafts\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Georgia in \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Scotsman Magazine\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Azerbaijan\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Caucasus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Mikhail Gorbachov\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Mikhail Gorbachev in honor of Hugh Seton-Watson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003egiven at Foyle's Lunch\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Georgia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Georgia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere a New Edition\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere an American Edition\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere a German Edition\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAugust 1, 1996 from Edwin Moore to Veronica Maclean\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere German Edition\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere reprint as \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eWest Highland Tales\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Publicity \u0026amp; Book Reviews\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Publicity\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere \"Scotland in Parliament\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Japan\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Asia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Korea\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Italy\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere the Middle East\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Persia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Defense of Great Britain\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Greece\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Libya during World War II\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Turkey\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere China \"Inside Red China\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere China Trip\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere China \"Peking Revisited,\" \"Don't Let China Stew in Her Own Juice,\" and \"Eyewitnesses in China\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Mongolia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Sir Winston Churchill\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMongolia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere the Black Sea, including one by Veronica Maclean\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Defense of Europe: \"Nuclear Deterrence and Conventional Forces,\" with Correspondence\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere China--Trip to Kashgar in Chinese Turkestan, including Correspondence\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Nepal and Bhutan\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Germany\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere David Stirling for \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eDictionary of National Biography\u003c/title\u003eand Correspondence\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Canary Islands\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Oman\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Tibet--Correspondence, Travel Arrangements, and Memorabilia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Tibet\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere the Channel Tunnel\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Fitzroy Maclean, some in German, French, Serbo-Croatian, Swedish, and Dutch\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Tibet\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Publication of Evelyn Waugh's Diaries, which include references to Fitzroy Maclean\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Invitation to Frankfurt\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere German Translations of \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eIsles of the Sea\u003c/title\u003eand \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eEastern Approaches\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ere Proposed Book of Interviews including Fitzroy Maclean\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003esome accompanied by correspondence, including: Violet Asquith, Nancy Astor, Charles Bohlen, John Bute, Nicolae Causescu, Earl Cawdor, Thomas Churchill, John Clarke, the Queen Mother, Lord Lovat, Charles Maclean, Andrew Maxwell, Paddy Mayne and Bill Elliot, Iain Moncrieffe, Peter Moore, David Scott, David Stirling, and Lord Ward\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeople\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEnvirons \u0026amp; Monasteries\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGUM Store, Race Track, \u0026amp; Fashions\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Kremlin \u0026amp; Red Square\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe file includes a draft of a 1968 letter to Aleksey Aleksandrovich Surkov, President of the USSR - Great Britain Society, also includes letters to and from the Baroness Asquith of Yarnbury (\"Violet\").\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotebooks include \"Russian Notebook\" (May 15-June 17, 1958); \"Mission\" describing his recall from the Middle East in 1943 to go to Yugoslavia as Winston Churchill's personal representative to support the resistance forces that were most effective against the Germans, moving British support from the Chetniks to the Communist-led partisans and Tito, (circa 1943-1944); and a trip to the country of Georgia (no year, May-June), circa 1943-1958\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes Maclean's undated notes on Soviet history up to \"Glasnost,\" notes on the \"Council of Europe,\" (1973); series of letters between Sir Charles Peake, British Embassy, and Sir Fitzroy Maclean, 1946-1953.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese include a speech before the Boarding House and Catering Association, one mentioning nuclear deterrence, and international events.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis addition contains two letters written by Fitzroy Maclean and John Baldock to Helen F. Moore of Leicester, England. A typewritten letter from Maclean to Baldock addresses Moore's concern regarding rioting by South Koreans in the vicinity of the Troops Rest Center at Inchon and her request to move the Center. He reviews her concern, noting that the demonstrations were against the Neutral Nations Armistice Commission and took place six and a half miles from the Center. He notes that the Center was not affected by the rioting and that, after careful consideration, the Center would remain open and not move to another area. The second item is a cover letter from John Baldock forwarding Maclean's response to Ms. Moore.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents Note","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This Fitzroy Maclean papers consist (1827-1996; 44 cubic feet) of the professional and personal papers of Scottish soldier, diplomat, politician, author, and traveler, Sir Fitzroy Hew Maclean (1911-1996) of Dunconnel. It includes correspondence, memoranda, manuscripts, typescripts, newspaper and magazine articles, book reviews, lectures, speeches, photographs, memorabilia, and research material pertaining to his military, diplomatic, political and literary career as well as family and personal affairs.","Maclean is best known for his role during World War II as head of the British military mission to Yugoslavia in which he served as Winston Churchill's personal representative to leader of the Communist Partisans, Josip Broz Tito, his diplomatic service in the Soviet Union in the late 1930's, and as the author of the classic memoir Eastern Approaches (1949) and many other books and articles. After the war, he pursued a political career as a Conservative member of Parliament, and, based on his close relationship with Tito, played a key role in Anglo-Yugoslav affairs. He was also noted for his expertise on the Soviet Union."," A third focal point of his life and career was Scotland: he was a proud member of Clan Maclean and wrote several works on Scottish history, biography, and folklore. The collection contains some material in Serbo-Croatian, German, Italian and French."," The papers are arranged in four main series with various sub-series. Items of particular interest in the First Series, Career and Personal Papers, are described in the following paragraphs devoted to each subseries. In the Diplomatic Subseries are dispatches and memoranda of his trips through Central Asia (including Afghanistan and the ancient cities Bokhara and Samarkand) and the Caucasus, on the situation in Sinkiang (Chinese Turkestan) and on the political stability of the Soviet Union, 1937-1939."," The subseries British Military Mission to Yugoslavia contains Winston Churchill's Minute concerning his Mission to Tito, Autograph Diary (2 pages) re his arrival in Yugoslavia, \"Ratweek\" Map (oversize), twelve files (labeled Top Secret) including memoranda, correspondence, telegrams, etc concerning military and political affairs such as Allied operations and aid to Tito's Partisans, formation of the Yugoslav government, relief, the visit of Field Marshal Alexander, Supreme Allied Commander to Belgrade, Macedonia, Prospect of South Slav federation, and correspondence with Evelyn Waugh."," The Special Refugee Commission subseries contains correspondence, telegrams, reports, including one submitted to Foreign Secretary Ernest Bevin, articles, and a draft of a speech on the refugee problems to a parliamentary committee."," Political correspondence includes papers concerning the Lancaster by-election of 1941, the general election of 1945, and correspondence with Winston Churchill, Harold Macmillan, Anthony Eden, Alec Douglas- Home, Peter Carrington, Harold Wilson, Margaret Thatcher, John Major, Robert Kennedy, John Lindsay, Henry Jackson, and Averell Harriman ; a memorandum to Field Marshal Alexander of Tunis concerning irregular warfare; and correspondence and memoranda related to a parliamentary delegation to Romania in 1973."," Material in the VIP Subseries includes: letters and notes from members of the Royal Family including Prince Charles, Princess Margaret, Elizabeth the Queen Mother; Clementine Churchill and Mary Churchill Soames; and a thank you note from Lauren Bacall."," The Yugoslavia and Tito Subseries contains significant material including memoranda of meetings with Tito in 1949,1950, 1953, 1968, 1973; informative accounts by Maclean and other British officers about the Military Mission in World War II for an official book published by Muzej AVNOJ (1970-1971); correspondence about Maclean's involvement in proposals for the publication of Tito's memoirs (1966-1977) and about the nomination of Tito for the Nobel Peace Prize (1972-1973); correspondence and papers by Maclean and others from a conference on British Policy and Resistance in the Balkans (1973); Briefing papers, correspondence and memoranda of Margaret Thatcher's visit to Yugoslavia in 1977, and correspondence and memorabilia pertaining to the Prince of Wales' visit in 1978; correspondence about Maclean's visit in 1989 and transcript of an interview with Prime Minister Ante Markovic."," For the 1990's, the time of war and the dissolution of Yugoslavia , there is correspondence with David Owen, Stevan Dedijer and others, and about the Korcula Emergency Appeal, a relief effort for a hospital on the island of Korcula, Croatia, organized by the Macleans; letters from Yugoslav friends describing the turmoil , and/or seeking assistance in finding jobs in the United Kingdom; correspondence about renewed controversy about the British Military Mission in World War II. and the Aldington-Tolstoy Libel Case concerning the repatriation of Yugoslavs in 1945. It should also be noted that in Series II, Subseries B, Literary Material pertaining to Yugoslavia, there is some correspondence filed with the manuscripts, typescripts, articles and radio and television transcripts."," The Subseries Family and Personal Papers has letters from friends and teachers, some in German, French, and Italian. In a significant group of letters to his parents (1939-1945) from London, Cairo, Belgrade, and elsewhere, Maclean discussed the international situation, his desire to leave the Foreign Office in order to join the army, life in London during the Blitz, the beginning of his political career, and his military service (some letters were extensively cut by the censors). There are also a number of letters to his parents from the years 1946-1955 from Maclean and his wife Veronica discussing family matters and living conditions in Italy and Austria while Maclean was directing the Special Refugee Commission, and about their travels in Yugoslavia, Greece and Turkey in the early 1950's."," Also present is correspondence with Frank McLynn, his biographer, 1990-1994, and two scrapbooks. The blue scrapbook (1939-1951) includes one letter of Maclean to his aunt, newspaper clippings relating to his military service in Yugoslavia, his marriage, some articles by him, a few photographs. The red scrapbook, 1943-1946 also has newspaper clippings about his military service and political career and articles by him."," The Second Series consists of literary papers. This series contains drafts, typescripts, setting copies of his books with related correspondence with publishers and others about the publication process, contracts, royalty statements, book reviews, fan mail, articles, book reviews, speeches, lectures, transcripts of radio and television programs, film proposals or treatments. Several of his books were published under different titles in the United States. It is organized into five subseries based on subject matter. These include:  Eastern Approaches (American title-  Escape to Adventure ); Yugoslavia (the country as originally constituted and also the new states that emerged in the 1990's); Russia and the former Soviet Union and the new nations post 1990); Scotland; and Miscellaneous Literary."," The subseries about  Eastern Approaches contains a typed manuscript (Setting copy) with corrections, including an unpublished introduction; some material omitted from the published version including his admiration for a Soviet army unit, comments on the Cetniks, and conversations with King George VI and Winston Churchill and King Peter of Yugoslavia; letters from Michael Adeane, Secretary to King George VI and Winston Churchill requesting that certain passages be omitted; a letter from Peter Fleming to Jonathan Cape offering his opinion of the book, a letter from Ian Fleming to Jonathan Cape and a note to Maclean."," Other material includes correspondence with Jonathan Cape and other publishers about a new edition, correspondence with Douglas Fairbanks, Eric Ambler and others concerning a possible film version, and with Ian Curteis about a proposed television adaptation."," The Yugoslavia Subseries includes books:  Disputed Barricade (1957), published in America as  The Heretic , which includes an interview with Tito;  Yugoslavia (1969), in which Maclean wrote the text for this book of photographs;  Battle of Neretva (1970); and  Tito: A Pictorial Biography (1980). Also present are articles from newspapers and magazines, 1947-1995, on Yugoslav politics and society, including interviews with Tito. Particularly interesting are two unpublished articles \"Whither Yugoslavia?\" written in 1989 based on interviews with Yugoslav politicians, including Slobodan Milosevic. There are also a number of book reviews of works by Julian Amery, William Deakin, Noel Malcolm and Misha Glenny and others."," In addition, the subseries on Yugoslavia contains lectures, 1949-1995; transcripts of radio and television programs, with related correspondence; and some interviews with Tito, notably The \"Life and Times of Marshal Tito\" (December 1963); and one for a CBS news program (1969)."," The Russian Material Subseries contains drafts, correspondence, and research material for his books  A Person from England (1958), including several autograph letters,1827-1861, of Dr. Joseph Wolff, one of the English travelers chronicled in the book;  Back to Bokhara (1959);  Holy Russia (1978); drafts titled \"All the Russias\" and \"The Other Russias,\" which were the basis for  To the Back of Beyond (1974),  To Caucasus: End of All the Earth (1976); and  Holy Russia (1978) which completed the trilogy;  Portrait of the Soviet Union (1988), including material for both the book and the related TBS television series since Maclean was working on these simultaneously; and  All the Russias (1992). Correspondents include Pamela Harriman, Marietta Tree and Fitzgerald Bemiss."," In addition to his books about Russia and the Soviet Union, his papers also contain articles, 1949-1995 on political, social, economic, cultural aspects of the former Soviet Union, a number on Georgia and the Caucasus, and Mikhail Gorbachev; book reviews, 1949-1994; and radio and television material, such as correspondence and transcripts for programs, including \"The End of All the Earth\" and \"Carnival in the Caucasus\"; interviews with Anna Mikhailovna Larina (Bukharin's widow) and others for the BBC \"Timewatch\" program \"Bukharin.\""," The subseries concerning his Scotland material includes books,  A Concise History of Scotland (1970);  Isles of the Sea (1985);  Bonnie Prince Charlie (1988); and  Highlanders (originally titled  Clans ) (1995). Material for the book and television series are combined since Maclean was working on them simultaneously. Among the articles on Scotland is a notable series \"Scottish Approaches\" which appeared in  The Scotsman in 1959."," The last subseries in Maclean's Literary Papers consists of miscellaneous literary material, including material for the book  Take Nine Spies . There is also correspondence with publishers in which he discusses more than one book, and with his literary agents."," Articles are arranged chronologically, and topics range from post World War II Japan, Korea, Italy, the Middle East, and defense policy to China and Mongolia in the 1960's, an extended trip to China in 1988, and his travels in Nepal, Tibet, and Oman in the 1990's. There are also articles about his military, diplomatic, political and literary career, his travels, and personal life, and note that others are contained in two scrapbooks. The radio and television material includes his commentaries on the international scene from 1946 on."," Photographic Material comprises the third series, which contains twenty-four boxes of photographs (some in albums), contact sheets, negatives, and slides, taken by Maclean, primarily of his travels in the former Soviet Union, Europe and Asia, from 1938 through the 1990's. Especially noteworthy are those taken in Moscow, Leningrad, and Central Asia, including Afghanistan, the cities Bokhara and Samarkand, and Persia, Paris and Florence in the late 1930's, Yugoslavia during World War II, postwar Korean and China, and of Yugoslavia, Greece, Turkey and Iran in the early 1950's. Maclean visited the former Soviet Union frequently from the late 1950's through 1987 and took numerous photographs of his favorite regions, Central Asia and the Caucasus, particularly Georgia."," As for Yugoslavia, there is an album dated 1953 labeled Namanevru Jugoslovenska Narodne, Armije (Yugoslav People's Army) with photographs of Tito, Maclean, and soldiers; and photographs from the early 1960's through 1980 including a number of photographs of Tito. Individuals subjects include Winston Churchill and Margaret Thatcher. There are also many family photographs taken at Maclean's homes Beechfield and Strachur, and of friends. The photographs used in  Eastern Approaches ,  Disputed Barricade ,  A Person from England , and  Bonnie Prince Charlie are also in this section.\n \n The fourth series consists of two small additions to the papers and include some correpondence files, such as congratulatory letters about his appointment as Under Secretary for War in 1954 and his Baronetcy in 1957, his letters published in the press, and the Great Britain-USSR Association; files on his participation in various conferences concerning Yugoslavia and War War II; election campaign materials of Maclean; Notebooks, including \"Russian Notebook\" (May 15-June 17, 1958); \"Mission\" describing his recall from the Middle East in 1943 to go to Yugoslavia as Winston Churchill's personal representative to support the resistance forces that were most effective against the Germans, moving British support from the Chetniks to the Communist-led partisans and Tito, (circa 1943-1944); and a trip to the country of Georgia (no year, May-June); news articles; speeches by Maclean, including printed speeches published in \"Parliamentary Debates\"; passports; pocket and desk diaries; first drafts of \"Eastern Approaches\"; a file on guerilla warfare; a copy of a 1938 Report on Central Asia by Maclean; and Veronica Maclean's description about her first meeting with Josip Broz Tito in 1947.","re Appointments to London, Paris, and Moscow and his resignation from the Foreign Office","re Maclean's Mission to Tito and an Extract from  The Second World War","including \"The Partisan Movement in Yugoslavia\" and \"Note on the Present Military and Political Situation in Serbia\"","Drafts of Statement on the Extent of British Aid to the Partisans","re Appointments and Impact on Service to Constituency","re Irregular Warfare and Correspondence with Field Marshall Earl Alexander of Tunis and Others","re Vietnam War","re the Soviet Invasion of Czechoslovakia","re Interview with Vice-President Bodnaras of Romania; Meeting with Tito; and Draft Article on Sino-Soviet Border","re Winston Churchill","re E.C. Grants for Argyll and Bute","re Consideration of Fitzroy Maclean as Governor of Cyprus","re a Resignation to Veronica Maclean","re his serving as godfather to her daughter, Charlotte","re British Press Coverage of Yugoslavia","re Simic Cureija","re Visit with Tito, with note from Jack Coville, Secretary to Winston Churchill","re Tito","re Korcula","re the Soviet Invasion of Czechoslovakia","re Visit to Yugoslavia for 25th Anniversary of National Liberation, includes photographs of Maclean and Willian Deakin","Decoration Awarded to Fitzroy Maclean","Proposed British Decorations of Yugoslavs","re Yugoslav Students in Britain","re Allied Mission to Yugoslavia in World War II for Muzej AVNOJ","re Korcula, Yugoslavia, Town Twinning with Argyll and Bute, Scotland","re Maclean's Efforts in Support of Tito for the Nobel Peace Prize","re British Policy towards the Balkan Resistance Movements","re Meeting with Tito","re Research and Annual Summaries (Copies) of Events in Yugoslavia, 1957-1972","re Margaret Thatcher's Trip, with Official Program","re the Prince of Wales' Visit to Yugoslavia","re Fitzroy Maclean's article for the British-Yugoslav Society on the Prince of Wales' visit","re Arrangements for the British Delegation to Tito's Funeral","re Official Visit of Fitzroy Maclean","re Program of Economic Reform","re his biography of Tito","re Controversy over British Military Mission in World War II","re BBC \"Timewatch: Tito\" Program","re a Yugoslav Detainee in 1945","re Korcula, Croatia Emergency Appeal","re Benefit Concert for Dubrovnik","re Owen's Mission","re Aldington-Tolstoy Libel Case (Repatriations in 1945)","re Tito Memoirs and other projects","re Purchase of \"Beechfield\"","re Ticonderoga story","re Purchase of \"Creggans Inn\"","re  Fitzroy Maclean","re Evelyn Waugh biography","re Fitzroy Maclean","re Fitzroy Maclean and Articles by him","re Awarding of Baronetcy and Arms","re Honorary Degree from the University of Glasgow","re Honorary Degree from Acadia University","re Honorary Degree from Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, to Fitzroy Maclean and Tito","re Honorary Degree from Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, to Fitzroy Maclean and Tito, signed by Josip Broz Tito and Madame Jovanka Broz","re Honorary Degree from Dundee University","re Special Air Service","re the 23rd Special Air Service Regiment","re Installation of Fitzroy Maclean in the Order of theThistle","re Installation of Fitzroy Maclean in the Order of the Thistle","re Appointment of Fitzroy Maclean in the Order of the Thistle--Congratulations","re Appointment of Fitzroy Maclean in the Order of the Thistle","Order of the Thistle Ceremony","re Freedom of Argyll and Bute","re omitting part of an interview with the King about Yugoslavia from his book","with comments about what Maclean had written about himself in the book","thanking him for the copy of his book sent to the King","re Publicity","Translations","re American Edition","re German Edition","re Paperback Edition","re Proposed Film, with a copy of the script for the film, April 1956","re Proposed TV Series","re Proposed TV Series","re Yugoslav Edition","re Yugoslav Edition","Letter of thanks on behalf of Tito","re American Edition,  The Heretic","re Translations","re German Forces in Yugoslavia","including \"The Fourth Enemy Offensive\" and some in Serbo-Croatian","re Book Promotion Tour in Yugoslavia","re Book Promotion Tour in Yugoslavia","including some correspondence and notes","re Korcula by Charles Maclean","Unpublished","re of BBC Radio Broadcast on Mission to Tito","re Tito obituary for BBC Radio","re BBC Radio \"I Was There\"","re Film \"General from Strachur\"","re BBC Television Tito Obituary","re Tito Interview for CBS News","re Proposed BBC Programs","re Proposed Film on Tito","re BBC Program on the S.O.E. (Special Operations Executive)","re BBC Program on Evelyn Waugh","re Miscellaneous Television and Film Projects","re BBC Program \"Ratlines\"","re VPRO Program","re New Edition","re Proposed Film","re Research","re Translations","Original Letters of Joseph Wolff and Correspondence with Ancient Light Bookshop","Transcripts and Copies of Letters of Charles Stoddart and others from the Public Records Office","re American Edition and Other Projects","re Copyright Renewal","re German edition","re the Sino Russian Border in  Life","re the Caucasus Region","Correspondence re","re the Bukharin Trial in Moscow \u0026 Interview with his widow","re Mikhail Gorbachev","re Georgia in  The Sunday Times","re Azerbaijan","re Georgia, including notes and drafts","re Georgia in  The Scotsman Magazine","re Azerbaijan","re Caucasus","re Mikhail Gorbachov","re Mikhail Gorbachev in honor of Hugh Seton-Watson","given at Foyle's Lunch","re Georgia","re Georgia","re a New Edition","re an American Edition","re a German Edition","August 1, 1996 from Edwin Moore to Veronica Maclean","re German Edition","re reprint as  West Highland Tales","re Publicity \u0026 Book Reviews","re Publicity","re \"Scotland in Parliament\"","re Japan","re Asia","re Korea","re Italy","re the Middle East","re Persia","re Defense of Great Britain","re Greece","re Libya during World War II","re Turkey","re China \"Inside Red China\"","re China Trip","re China \"Peking Revisited,\" \"Don't Let China Stew in Her Own Juice,\" and \"Eyewitnesses in China\"","re Mongolia","re Sir Winston Churchill","Mongolia","re the Black Sea, including one by Veronica Maclean","re Defense of Europe: \"Nuclear Deterrence and Conventional Forces,\" with Correspondence","re China--Trip to Kashgar in Chinese Turkestan, including Correspondence","re Nepal and Bhutan","re Germany","re David Stirling for  Dictionary of National Biography and Correspondence","re Canary Islands","re Oman","re Tibet--Correspondence, Travel Arrangements, and Memorabilia","re Tibet","re the Channel Tunnel","re Fitzroy Maclean, some in German, French, Serbo-Croatian, Swedish, and Dutch","re Tibet","re Publication of Evelyn Waugh's Diaries, which include references to Fitzroy Maclean","re Invitation to Frankfurt","re German Translations of  Isles of the Sea and  Eastern Approaches","re Proposed Book of Interviews including Fitzroy Maclean","some accompanied by correspondence, including: Violet Asquith, Nancy Astor, Charles Bohlen, John Bute, Nicolae Causescu, Earl Cawdor, Thomas Churchill, John Clarke, the Queen Mother, Lord Lovat, Charles Maclean, Andrew Maxwell, Paddy Mayne and Bill Elliot, Iain Moncrieffe, Peter Moore, David Scott, David Stirling, and Lord Ward","People","Environs \u0026 Monasteries","GUM Store, Race Track, \u0026 Fashions","The Kremlin \u0026 Red Square","The file includes a draft of a 1968 letter to Aleksey Aleksandrovich Surkov, President of the USSR - Great Britain Society, also includes letters to and from the Baroness Asquith of Yarnbury (\"Violet\").","Notebooks include \"Russian Notebook\" (May 15-June 17, 1958); \"Mission\" describing his recall from the Middle East in 1943 to go to Yugoslavia as Winston Churchill's personal representative to support the resistance forces that were most effective against the Germans, moving British support from the Chetniks to the Communist-led partisans and Tito, (circa 1943-1944); and a trip to the country of Georgia (no year, May-June), circa 1943-1958","Includes Maclean's undated notes on Soviet history up to \"Glasnost,\" notes on the \"Council of Europe,\" (1973); series of letters between Sir Charles Peake, British Embassy, and Sir Fitzroy Maclean, 1946-1953.","These include a speech before the Boarding House and Catering Association, one mentioning nuclear deterrence, and international events.","This addition contains two letters written by Fitzroy Maclean and John Baldock to Helen F. Moore of Leicester, England. A typewritten letter from Maclean to Baldock addresses Moore's concern regarding rioting by South Koreans in the vicinity of the Troops Rest Center at Inchon and her request to move the Center. He reviews her concern, noting that the demonstrations were against the Neutral Nations Armistice Commission and took place six and a half miles from the Center. He notes that the Center was not affected by the rioting and that, after careful consideration, the Center would remain open and not move to another area. The second item is a cover letter from John Baldock forwarding Maclean's response to Ms. Moore."],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Maclean, Fitzroy, 1911-1996"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"persname_ssim":["Maclean, Fitzroy, 1911-1996"],"language_ssim":["Materials are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules"],"total_component_count_is":763,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:47:27.185Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_838"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1028","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland papers","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1028#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Noland, Thomas Nelson Berkeley , 1846-1913","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1028#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection documents Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland's time in Peru, and contains his journal, a typed transcript of the journal by Mary Noland Young, photographs (chiefly albumen prints) of items, places, and peoples in the Amazon, correspondence (including drafts and translations), and legal documents. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1028#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1028","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1028","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1028","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1028","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1028.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/120844","title_filing_ssi":"Noland, Thomas Nelson Berkeley, papers","title_ssm":["Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland papers"],"title_tesim":["Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1872-2020","1872-1906, 1964, 2020"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1872-1906, 1964, 2020"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1872-2020"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS .16476","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1028"],"text":["MSS .16476","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1028","Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland papers","Peru","Ashaninca","Campa del Pichis","Cashibo indigenous group","Conibo indigenous group","Aguaruna indigenous group","racism -- 1870-1880","South American Description and Travel","Indigenous peoples -- Peru","Amazon River Region","Rivers--Peru","Gold","gold mines and mining","diaries","Fair to good","This collection is open for research use.","Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland (1846-1913) was born in Hanover County, Virginia, the son of Colonel Callender St. George Noland (1816-1875) and Mary Edmonia Berkeley (1823-1901). ","Noland was a student at the Virginia Military Institute, from 1863-1864 and 1867-1870, where he served as a private in Company C, participating in the Battle of New Market during the Civil War. ","He was employed both as a civil engineer and a farmer. Noland was employed as a civil engineer by the Peruvian Hydraulic Commission 1873-1874. Noland and Elizabeth M. Mayo (1850-1883) were married in 1883.","This material contains offensive or harmful language based on race and religion. Also present are a few descriptions of violence against Black, Indigenous, and people of color.","The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials. For archival materials, more specific information about these materials may be available in the finding aid. ","This collection documents Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland's time in Peru, and contains his journal, a typed transcript of the journal by Mary Noland Young, photographs (chiefly albumen prints) of items, places, and peoples in the Amazon, correspondence (including drafts and translations), and legal documents. ","Also present are oversize blueprint maps of the Peruvian Amazon region drawn by Noland, a \"Map of a Section of South America - Peru, a Vertical Cross Section of the Continent about the 2nd Degree South Latitude,\" and two spear points. ","Noland's journal records his travels on the Peruvian tributaries of the Amazon from 1873 to 1874. The journal documents his work, describing his travels, the geography, flora and fauna of the area, and his observations and interactions with the various indigenous peoples of the Peruvian Amazon. It includes hand drawn illustrations.","The contract was between Noland, Civil Engineer, and J.R. Tucker, President of the Amazon Hydrographic Commission of Peru (April 10, 1872). Also present is a letter of thanks for services rendered to the steam launch \"Mayro\" during the voyage to Iquitos, Peru (August 11, 1873), and a final letter of thanks from the Peruvian government for the successful completion of the mission (December 4, 1874). ","There is a letter from Senator Thomas S. Martin describing his efforts through the State Department to secure payment from the Peruvian government for the \"claim of the Hydrographic Commission of the Amazon\" (March 12, 1896)."," A packet of typed letters translated and bound together with the notation \"C\" on the back include the following correspondents and topics: \n \nManuel Santillan wrote Alexander W. Thornely about the opportunities for mining the riches of the area of the Marañon River region of Peru, including gold dust, rubber trees, and chocolate (February 6, 1899)."," Abraham Madina wrote to Manuel Santillan about the danger from indigenous peoples in the region creating difficulties in harvesting all the riches of the area but also emphasizing the richness and health of the region (February 4, 1899). \n \nMaximiliano Kabsch to Otoniel Melena, describes the situation along the River Napo, mentioning both \"civilized\" indigenous peoples accustomed to working with foreigners and other indigenous peoples, not used to working with foreigners but who were peaceful. He also mentioned the requirements for successful navigation of the river and other financial opportunities in nearby Ecuador (February 1, 1899).","Otoniel Melena to Alexander W. Thornely, described an expedition to the upper Marañon River region, the source of much gold, but  also containing rapids and a large whirlpool. The whirlpool resulted in loss of life to San Ramon and several indigenous laborers on the expedition, when he disregarded their advice to avoid it. ","During another expedition in 1890 led by an American, Mr. Walf, and a German naturalist, above the Pongo de Mainique (a water gap or canyon) of the Urubamba River, a group was visited by members of the \"Nautipus\" people who invited them to stay in their village for a few days (February 4, 1899). They brought twelve of the indigenous people with them back to San Antonio, Peru, including a chief named Wamba.","Melena also shared what he has heard about the headwaters of the River Napo and its prospects for mining. He suggests that Noland come to Peru accompanied by a naturalist and mining expert by way of Colón, Panama, then Guayaquil, Ecuador, to Quito, Ecuador. Once in Quito, he should visit Dr. Mestanza and get additional information about the voyage down the Napo River to Iquitos, Peru, Borja, Peru, and the upper Marañon region. (February 4, 1899).","Also present at the back of the group letters is a copy of an undated account of one of the expeditions in search of the historical gold mines of Morillo or Cerro Angaisa by Jose del Carmen Vasquez. This expedition began on August 1, 1882, when he left Moyobamba for the upper Amazon, taking with him fourteen well-armed men. He secured the services of several villagers from Aripari and interpreters for the languages of the \"wild tribes.\" ","He described their first encounter with the \"Chunchos\" indigenous people, a Peruvian Spanish word for the Asháninka people, who occupy the upper region of the Potro River. He sent interpreters to the tribe to ask them to supply canoes for the journey. ","They traveled in the canoes to the Asháninka village where they prepared food for the trip, chiefly sweet potatoes, and he insisted the Moyobambinos with him make clothing for the tribe as they typically wore no clothing. Vasquez and his group stayed with the Asháninka people for eleven days. ","He mentioned one of the Asháninka by name, Huapi, who indicated that gold could be found in a distant canyon, but no one else in the expedition was willing to continue at that time. Vasquez and his men had been traveling for seventy-nine days on this first expedition. He briefly described three additional trips which provided more information about the area, but no gold.","Translations of two letters (4 copies):","Manuel Santillan to Mr. A.W. Thornely, April 16, 1899, reporting that the port of Iquitos had recently seen its first American Man of War, the gunboat \"Wilmington,\" believed to be in the area to investigate the reports of the wealth of the products of the upper Amazon. He also mentioned Mr. Bruner and a company of Americans exploring the placer mines of the River Napo.","Colonel Fisher, former American representative to Chile, on behalf of Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland, to Don Alvares Calderon, Minister Plenipotentiary of Peru, August 1900, wrote concerning the possibility of opening up the mining district of the upper Amazon by a Special Concession to a company in the United States associated with Noland for hydraulic mining of gold to make it easier to raise capital for the venture.","Also in this folder is a draft undated memorandum of agreement between Carl H. Nolting, Louisa County, Virginia, and Noland, and a letter from J.F. Spofford to Noland about the rates of passage to Peru, October 9, 1900.","Contains a print copy in Spanish and hand-written English translation of the transfer of an agreement of The Inca Gold Development Corporation of Peru, Limited, with the government of Peru for the right to dredge the Inambari River, Province of Carabaya, April 29, 1904. ","Other correspondents writing about the project or furnishing letters of introduction March 22-23, 1906) include A.J. Montague, E.B. Thomason, Nelson B. Noland, Irving B. Dudley, Z.A. Loredo. The folder also contained a letter from Mary Bleecker Miller Noland (1889-1985) to the National Geographic Society offering Noland's papers as a gift, June 20, 1964. ","The journal kept by Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland describes his travels and adventures as a member of the Hydraulic Commission of Peru in the upper Amazon region while making accurate navigational charts for the tributaries of the Amazon.  The Commission began their mission by leaving Iquitos, Peru, with two boats, the launch \"Mairo\" and the steamer, the \"Tambo, with Noland being aboard the \"Mairo\" as the civil engineer.","The handwritten journal also contains some drawings, photographs, and news clippings. Apparently some photographs had been removed by Noland, possibly by relatives or for use as illustrations for some articles he wrote for \"Appleton's Journal\" in 1875. ","The \"Mairo\" first explored the River Nanay from September 17, 1873 until its return to Iquitos, Peru, on October 3, 1873. On October 27, 1873, still aboard the \"Mairo,\" Noland and his group left Iquitos to explore the Morona, Potro, Pastaza and Tigre rivers. They returned on December 4, 1873, to Iquitos from those explorations. ","2) Noland described an indigenous settlement at Courahualie, where the people, with heavily painted faces, came to see them off the next day, speaking the Incan language and with the girls carrying monkeys upon their heads (February 23-24, 1873). ","Later he described a canoe which was made from a single tree and propelled by ten indigenous men on the Ucayali River. The \"Mairo\" passed it but later heard the same group of indigenous men during the night coming into Puca-Cura, playing music and singing \"a wild kind of melody, as they paddled, very sweet\" (March 6, 1873). ","The next morning, they saw one of the men, tattooed on his face and hands, being lashed by a man named Martinez (?) who owned the farmhouse, land, and the canoe (March 7, 1873). ","3) Anchored at Sara-Yuca, they saw several aboriginal canoes who came along side and offered them masato to drink. One of the individuals, with a \"musical instrument made of pieces of reed of different sizes and lengths,\" played the same song Noland had heard earlier down the river (March 9, 1873) in \"the Incan tongue.\" ","He also described the Old Church and other buildings constructed by the Jesuits who founded it two hundred years ago (March 10, 1873). ","He saw other indigenous people at the Bepuano chacara who he said were \"the wildest I have seen and have their war clubs, bows and arrows arranged in their houses ready for use\" (March 11, 1873).","4) Noland met a boy who had been captured by the Conibo ethnic group from the Cashibo ethnic group. The Cashibos along the River Pachitea were rumored to be cannibals (March 14, 1873). ","He also met an older monk, at the Cashaboya station of the Order of St. Francis, trying to arrange three indigenous languages into some kind of form and prepare a dictionary for the Incan language (March 16, 1873). ","They purchased plantains, ground peas and a monkey from some of the indigenous people as they left their anchor site about fifty miles from Calleria. When they anchored for the night at a Conibo settlement two miles from the mouth of the Pachitea River, they also purchased some wild hogs (wangana) and more plantains (March 25-26, 1873). ","Noland wrote about being on the border of cannibal country and recounts the story of two Peruvian officers who were killed and eaten about twelve miles above them some time ago (March 26, 1873). ","5) Noland described the Commission's arrangement with \"Old Clemente\" who had his warriors cut wood with axes for use as fuel in the \"Tambo\" and deliver it in the indigenous canoes. ","This production of wood was interrupted when the warriors went on a war expedition against the Cashibos \"to steal their women and children.\" Noland also described their beliefs about burning the house of any member of the group who dies, cut up his canoe, kill his enslaved persons and destroy all their belongings out of fear of being bewitched. ","On page 10, he has also drawn a picture of the Conibo knife carried by each man.  (March 31-April 2, 1873).","6) Noland furnished additional information about the indigenous warriors, their preparations, an aside about the production of \"masato de yuca\" by the older indigenous women, and the failure of the mission of the warriors due to thesuperior numbers of the Cashibos (April 3 and 8, 1873). He described one of the Conibo houses and how it was arranged (May 1, 1873). ","Noland also wrote of being lost deep in the forest on the border between the Conibos and the Cashibos while hunting with a guide and how difficult it was to get back to the river (May 10, 1873).  Noland's entry for May 12th says that the chief of the local indigenous group predicted the \"Tambo\" was coming up the river and would arrive soon because of the waterfowl which was disturbed by the steamer's advance and flew in advance of it on the upper Ucayali River.","7) On May 14, 1873, the \"Tambo\" had finally arrived to join Noland's group (on the advance launch \"Mairo\") near the mouth of the Pachitea River, apparently full of animal and bird species both alive and mounted as specimens. ","The arrival of the \"Tambo\" was so late in the season that it was unsafe for either vessel to proceed up the Pachitea River to do the survey, so the Hydraulic Commission purchased six canoes from the Conibo indigenous group to carry the members of the commission and their provisions for five to six weeks up the Pachitea River, two to three hundred miles.","Noland went on to describe the Conibo canoes, their dimensions, stability, construction, arrangement of the indigenous crew in the canoe, and the distribution of the Commission members and soldiers among the crafts (May 15-19, 1873). ","Some indigenous Cashibos, who had been captured and enslaved by Pedro, the brother of Clemente (both being members of the Conibo group) also joined the expedition (May 20-21, 1873). ","8) Noland also described the Conibos' fear of being in the territory of their neighbors, the Cashibos, reported to be cannibals and related a story involving a Peruvian gunboat who landed on a small island (Chouta Isla) and whose captain and 2nd commander were killed by the Cashibos. Both were reported as eaten by the group of Cashibos (May 21, 1873). He described an attack by the Cashibos upon the pilot canoe, during the daylight hours (May 24, 1873).","9) He described the canoes passing under cliffs of colored lava, where some bore a type of \"hieroglyphic\" writing, possibly the most eastern trace of the Incas yet known (May 26, 1873) and exchanging presents with some of the Cashibos along the banks (May 30, 1873). This \"gift exchange\" turned into an armed altercation shortly thereafter. They arrived at the mouth of the Pichis River and began its exploration (June 4-6, 1873). ","A desertion by eight of their men was caused by fear of the Campas indigenous people, known as \"the most fierce of all the Indians of Peru\" according to Noland (June 7-11, 1873). They continued on further into the territory of the Campas and he related stories and information about them and the local flora and fauna in his journal (June 12-16, 1873).","10) While headed back towards the steamers, they ran across a larger than normal war party of Conibos about to attack the Cashibos (June 27, 1873) who would be either killed or enslaved by them, and then sold to the whites of Iquitos, Peru, although this was against the law. ","Noland mentioned the trafficking of shrunken heads made from captives taken in war by interior indigenous peoples, also against Peruvian law. The Conibo expedition was later  reported to be unsuccessful (October 28, 1873).","An account was attached after page 27, describing the story about the shrunken head of Tibi, the fearsome chief of the \"Antipas\" ethnic group, defeated by the indigenous group, the \"Aguaruna.\" ","11) On June 28, 1873, the group reached the steamers, still anchored within the mouth of the Pachitea, after being aboard the canoes for forty-one days. ","Following this entry, Noland began a long paragraph with his own observations about the indigenous people in the region they had been exploring. On July 1,1873, the Hydraulic Commission began traveling up the Ucayali River, stopping at Sara-Yacu on July 9, where he purchased a young \"tiger\" and employed the local umbrella, a palm thatch, during a severe thunderstorm. ","On August 24, 1873, they arrived back at Iquitos, where the boats were greeted by the entire village.  Noland then began a lengthy description of the inhabitants of Iquitos, Peru, and their customs. He also mentions meeting James Orton (1830-1877) author of \"Andes and Amazon.\"","12) On September 17, 1873, the group began the second series of explorations, beginning at the River Nanay. The local indigenous people were called the Iquitos (September 23, 1873).","Noland described the multi-ethnic composition of the crew of his launch, some of their more interesting meals, and the great number of butterflies they had seen on the Nanay River (September 26, 1873). ","Upon their arrival back in Iquitos, the entire crew was ill, probably due to malaria (October 1, 1873). On October 13-15, they conducted a short exploration of the River Itaya, which is important only because the river enters the Amazon at Iquitos, Peru.","In October, both the \"Tambo\" and the steamer \"Alceste\" arrived with provisions. Unfortunately, the \"Alceste\" also carried smallpox to Iquitos. Noland described the fear of smallpox by the indigenous people who were known to desert their villages until the disease departed (October 24, 1873). ","13) They began their exploration up the River Potro which emptied into the River Marañon (October 26, 1873).  Noland mentioned a story about the death of an indigenous man who was known as a good pilot for the upper waters during an attack by the \"Mouratos\" people (November 5-7, 1873). ","He described Borja as being situated at the head of the Marañon River in a rich gold region. The Spanish had garrisoned two hundred soldiers there to force the indigenous people to bring in gold. Upon the independence of Peru and the withdrawal of the soldiers, the local population destroyed the town, killed the inhabitants, and forced the governor to drink liquid gold according to local legend. Borja had never been successfully rebuilt. ","14) After about a month spent exploring the four tributaries of the Upper Marañon, they arrived back in Iquitos, Peru (December 7, 1873). Noland comments on the mixture of backgrounds and races of the persons in the villages of the Amazon, which include indigenous, \"Negro,\" Spanish and Portuguese.","He also refered to the prevalence of smallpox in the town and described the harmonious and beautiful music of the local indigenous people (December 13, 1873). Noland also recorded his disparaging thoughts on the results of \"the combination of races\" in Brazil and Peru (end of section for January 4, 1874).","15) Noland and Mr. Sparrow decided to leave Iquitos behind for the duration of the Carnival celebrations and avoid some of its excesses (February 20, 1874). On March 21, 1874, Sparrow and Noland sailed on the steamer \"Pastaza\" to finish the survey of the Marañon River and returned to Borja (March 22-April 5, 1874). He described the town of Iquitos as a kind of Peruvian Botany Bay for offending officers and Peru as weak country with a poor government (April 27, 1874).","16) The finances of Peru were in such bad shape that there was no money for the members of the Commission to be paid or to get home. They were forced to personally borrow money to settle their accounts in the office of the commissary. The steamer \"Morona\" arrived late and in a damaged condition. They left on the \"Morona\" still hoping to make the connection with the Brazilian boat in time to get home by October.  ","On the next day, the steamer \"Morona\" ran aground on a playa along the river. Although the Peruvian boat, the \"Pastaza\" came along shortly afterwards, the captain prevented them from boarding his boat and left them stranded in the falling river levels (August 22-September 23, 1874). ","17) Noland and the others remain stuck on the playa from September 23 until October 12, 1874, when they managed to get the \"Morona\" off the playa and back into the river. In this section of the journal, he made several disparaging remarks about the efficiency of the Peruvian navy and the \"Latin\" temperament. ","By October 20th, Noland's group arrived at the Brazilian frontier fort, \"Tabatinga\" which he described. He also continued to share his negative opinions about the mixture of races in South America, using an African American Padre as an example (October 23, 1874). ","After a six day stay in Manaos, Brazil, they left on the boat \"Marajo\" (October 26, 1874), and reached Obidos, Brazil, on October 28, the head of tide water on the Amazon and five hundred miles from the mouth of the river. Noland mentioned that there was an American colony there of former Confederates. ","18) Noland and Sparrow decide to take the schooner \"Charles E. Moody\" bound for New York and led by Captain Collamore, a New Englander with early Yankee ancestors who merit Noland's approval. ","He makes much of the crew being white and the captain a Yankee, as opposed to the crews and captains of most of the boats in Peru and Brazil (October 31-December 1, 1874). By November 29, 1874, the schooner was near Cape Henry, Virginia, and on December 1, 1874, the ship made it to a pier in New York City on the East River.","Consists of the framed original map and 4 copies of the map which was hand drawn by Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland. The map has a list of both rivers and places in the area covered. Three copies are on blueprint paper.","Reports include A \"Some Facts About the Peruvian Amazon,B \"Recapitulated and Condensed,\" and \"Something about Gold Fields, know to exist, but not now definitely located, in Rich Peru.\" Noland wrote these to interest investors and raise money to find and mine gold in the Peruvian Amazon region.","The two spear points were identified by the Peabody Museum, New Haven, Connecticut as a Red Brown Chert and a Red Brown Chert Tang.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Noland, Thomas Nelson Berkeley , 1846-1913","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS .16476","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1028"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland papers"],"collection_ssim":["Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland papers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["Peru","Ashaninca","Campa del Pichis","Cashibo indigenous group","Conibo indigenous group","Aguaruna indigenous group","racism -- 1870-1880","South American Description and Travel"],"geogname_ssim":["Peru","Ashaninca","Campa del Pichis","Cashibo indigenous group","Conibo indigenous group","Aguaruna indigenous group","racism -- 1870-1880","South American Description and Travel"],"creator_ssm":["Noland, Thomas Nelson Berkeley , 1846-1913"],"creator_ssim":["Noland, Thomas Nelson Berkeley , 1846-1913"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Noland, Thomas Nelson Berkeley , 1846-1913"],"creators_ssim":["Noland, Thomas Nelson Berkeley , 1846-1913"],"places_ssim":["Peru","Ashaninca","Campa del Pichis","Cashibo indigenous group","Conibo indigenous group","Aguaruna indigenous group","racism -- 1870-1880","South American Description and Travel"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was given to the University of Virginia Special Collections Library on November 12, 2021, by Mary Noland Young and Lucy Burwell Young."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Indigenous peoples -- Peru","Amazon River Region","Rivers--Peru","Gold","gold mines and mining","diaries"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Indigenous peoples -- Peru","Amazon River Region","Rivers--Peru","Gold","gold mines and mining","diaries"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["Fair to good"],"extent_ssm":[".75  Cubic Feet 1 legal document box, 1 small artifact box, and one flat file folder (2 x 3 feet)"],"extent_tesim":[".75  Cubic Feet 1 legal document box, 1 small artifact box, and one flat file folder (2 x 3 feet)"],"genreform_ssim":["diaries"],"date_range_isim":[1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research use."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThomas Nelson Berkeley Noland (1846-1913) was born in Hanover County, Virginia, the son of Colonel Callender St. George Noland (1816-1875) and Mary Edmonia Berkeley (1823-1901). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNoland was a student at the Virginia Military Institute, from 1863-1864 and 1867-1870, where he served as a private in Company C, participating in the Battle of New Market during the Civil War. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe was employed both as a civil engineer and a farmer. Noland was employed as a civil engineer by the Peruvian Hydraulic Commission 1873-1874. Noland and Elizabeth M. Mayo (1850-1883) were married in 1883.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland (1846-1913) was born in Hanover County, Virginia, the son of Colonel Callender St. George Noland (1816-1875) and Mary Edmonia Berkeley (1823-1901). ","Noland was a student at the Virginia Military Institute, from 1863-1864 and 1867-1870, where he served as a private in Company C, participating in the Battle of New Market during the Civil War. ","He was employed both as a civil engineer and a farmer. Noland was employed as a civil engineer by the Peruvian Hydraulic Commission 1873-1874. Noland and Elizabeth M. Mayo (1850-1883) were married in 1883."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis material contains offensive or harmful language based on race and religion. Also present are a few descriptions of violence against Black, Indigenous, and people of color.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials. For archival materials, more specific information about these materials may be available in the finding aid. \u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Content Warning"],"odd_tesim":["This material contains offensive or harmful language based on race and religion. Also present are a few descriptions of violence against Black, Indigenous, and people of color.","The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials. For archival materials, more specific information about these materials may be available in the finding aid. "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThomas Nelson Berkeley Noland papers, MSS 16476, 1872-1806, 1964, 2020, Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland papers, MSS 16476, 1872-1806, 1964, 2020, Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection documents Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland's time in Peru, and contains his journal, a typed transcript of the journal by Mary Noland Young, photographs (chiefly albumen prints) of items, places, and peoples in the Amazon, correspondence (including drafts and translations), and legal documents. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlso present are oversize blueprint maps of the Peruvian Amazon region drawn by Noland, a \"Map of a Section of South America - Peru, a Vertical Cross Section of the Continent about the 2nd Degree South Latitude,\" and two spear points. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNoland's journal records his travels on the Peruvian tributaries of the Amazon from 1873 to 1874. The journal documents his work, describing his travels, the geography, flora and fauna of the area, and his observations and interactions with the various indigenous peoples of the Peruvian Amazon. It includes hand drawn illustrations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe contract was between Noland, Civil Engineer, and J.R. Tucker, President of the Amazon Hydrographic Commission of Peru (April 10, 1872). Also present is a letter of thanks for services rendered to the steam launch \"Mayro\" during the voyage to Iquitos, Peru (August 11, 1873), and a final letter of thanks from the Peruvian government for the successful completion of the mission (December 4, 1874). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is a letter from Senator Thomas S. Martin describing his efforts through the State Department to secure payment from the Peruvian government for the \"claim of the Hydrographic Commission of the Amazon\" (March 12, 1896).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e A packet of typed letters translated and bound together with the notation \"C\" on the back include the following correspondents and topics: \n \nManuel Santillan wrote Alexander W. Thornely about the opportunities for mining the riches of the area of the Marañon River region of Peru, including gold dust, rubber trees, and chocolate (February 6, 1899).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Abraham Madina wrote to Manuel Santillan about the danger from indigenous peoples in the region creating difficulties in harvesting all the riches of the area but also emphasizing the richness and health of the region (February 4, 1899). \n \nMaximiliano Kabsch to Otoniel Melena, describes the situation along the River Napo, mentioning both \"civilized\" indigenous peoples accustomed to working with foreigners and other indigenous peoples, not used to working with foreigners but who were peaceful. He also mentioned the requirements for successful navigation of the river and other financial opportunities in nearby Ecuador (February 1, 1899).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOtoniel Melena to Alexander W. Thornely, described an expedition to the upper Marañon River region, the source of much gold, but  also containing rapids and a large whirlpool. The whirlpool resulted in loss of life to San Ramon and several indigenous laborers on the expedition, when he disregarded their advice to avoid it. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring another expedition in 1890 led by an American, Mr. Walf, and a German naturalist, above the Pongo de Mainique (a water gap or canyon) of the Urubamba River, a group was visited by members of the \"Nautipus\" people who invited them to stay in their village for a few days (February 4, 1899). They brought twelve of the indigenous people with them back to San Antonio, Peru, including a chief named Wamba.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMelena also shared what he has heard about the headwaters of the River Napo and its prospects for mining. He suggests that Noland come to Peru accompanied by a naturalist and mining expert by way of Colón, Panama, then Guayaquil, Ecuador, to Quito, Ecuador. Once in Quito, he should visit Dr. Mestanza and get additional information about the voyage down the Napo River to Iquitos, Peru, Borja, Peru, and the upper Marañon region. (February 4, 1899).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlso present at the back of the group letters is a copy of an undated account of one of the expeditions in search of the historical gold mines of Morillo or Cerro Angaisa by Jose del Carmen Vasquez. This expedition began on August 1, 1882, when he left Moyobamba for the upper Amazon, taking with him fourteen well-armed men. He secured the services of several villagers from Aripari and interpreters for the languages of the \"wild tribes.\" \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe described their first encounter with the \"Chunchos\" indigenous people, a Peruvian Spanish word for the Asháninka people, who occupy the upper region of the Potro River. He sent interpreters to the tribe to ask them to supply canoes for the journey. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThey traveled in the canoes to the Asháninka village where they prepared food for the trip, chiefly sweet potatoes, and he insisted the Moyobambinos with him make clothing for the tribe as they typically wore no clothing. Vasquez and his group stayed with the Asháninka people for eleven days. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe mentioned one of the Asháninka by name, Huapi, who indicated that gold could be found in a distant canyon, but no one else in the expedition was willing to continue at that time. Vasquez and his men had been traveling for seventy-nine days on this first expedition. He briefly described three additional trips which provided more information about the area, but no gold.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTranslations of two letters (4 copies):\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eManuel Santillan to Mr. A.W. Thornely, April 16, 1899, reporting that the port of Iquitos had recently seen its first American Man of War, the gunboat \"Wilmington,\" believed to be in the area to investigate the reports of the wealth of the products of the upper Amazon. He also mentioned Mr. Bruner and a company of Americans exploring the placer mines of the River Napo.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eColonel Fisher, former American representative to Chile, on behalf of Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland, to Don Alvares Calderon, Minister Plenipotentiary of Peru, August 1900, wrote concerning the possibility of opening up the mining district of the upper Amazon by a Special Concession to a company in the United States associated with Noland for hydraulic mining of gold to make it easier to raise capital for the venture.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlso in this folder is a draft undated memorandum of agreement between Carl H. Nolting, Louisa County, Virginia, and Noland, and a letter from J.F. Spofford to Noland about the rates of passage to Peru, October 9, 1900.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains a print copy in Spanish and hand-written English translation of the transfer of an agreement of The Inca Gold Development Corporation of Peru, Limited, with the government of Peru for the right to dredge the Inambari River, Province of Carabaya, April 29, 1904. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther correspondents writing about the project or furnishing letters of introduction March 22-23, 1906) include A.J. Montague, E.B. Thomason, Nelson B. Noland, Irving B. Dudley, Z.A. Loredo. The folder also contained a letter from Mary Bleecker Miller Noland (1889-1985) to the National Geographic Society offering Noland's papers as a gift, June 20, 1964. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe journal kept by Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland describes his travels and adventures as a member of the Hydraulic Commission of Peru in the upper Amazon region while making accurate navigational charts for the tributaries of the Amazon.  The Commission began their mission by leaving Iquitos, Peru, with two boats, the launch \"Mairo\" and the steamer, the \"Tambo, with Noland being aboard the \"Mairo\" as the civil engineer.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe handwritten journal also contains some drawings, photographs, and news clippings. Apparently some photographs had been removed by Noland, possibly by relatives or for use as illustrations for some articles he wrote for \"Appleton's Journal\" in 1875. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe \"Mairo\" first explored the River Nanay from September 17, 1873 until its return to Iquitos, Peru, on October 3, 1873. On October 27, 1873, still aboard the \"Mairo,\" Noland and his group left Iquitos to explore the Morona, Potro, Pastaza and Tigre rivers. They returned on December 4, 1873, to Iquitos from those explorations. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e2) Noland described an indigenous settlement at Courahualie, where the people, with heavily painted faces, came to see them off the next day, speaking the Incan language and with the girls carrying monkeys upon their heads (February 23-24, 1873). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLater he described a canoe which was made from a single tree and propelled by ten indigenous men on the Ucayali River. The \"Mairo\" passed it but later heard the same group of indigenous men during the night coming into Puca-Cura, playing music and singing \"a wild kind of melody, as they paddled, very sweet\" (March 6, 1873). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe next morning, they saw one of the men, tattooed on his face and hands, being lashed by a man named Martinez (?) who owned the farmhouse, land, and the canoe (March 7, 1873). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e3) Anchored at Sara-Yuca, they saw several aboriginal canoes who came along side and offered them masato to drink. One of the individuals, with a \"musical instrument made of pieces of reed of different sizes and lengths,\" played the same song Noland had heard earlier down the river (March 9, 1873) in \"the Incan tongue.\" \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe also described the Old Church and other buildings constructed by the Jesuits who founded it two hundred years ago (March 10, 1873). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe saw other indigenous people at the Bepuano chacara who he said were \"the wildest I have seen and have their war clubs, bows and arrows arranged in their houses ready for use\" (March 11, 1873).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e4) Noland met a boy who had been captured by the Conibo ethnic group from the Cashibo ethnic group. The Cashibos along the River Pachitea were rumored to be cannibals (March 14, 1873). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe also met an older monk, at the Cashaboya station of the Order of St. Francis, trying to arrange three indigenous languages into some kind of form and prepare a dictionary for the Incan language (March 16, 1873). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThey purchased plantains, ground peas and a monkey from some of the indigenous people as they left their anchor site about fifty miles from Calleria. When they anchored for the night at a Conibo settlement two miles from the mouth of the Pachitea River, they also purchased some wild hogs (wangana) and more plantains (March 25-26, 1873). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNoland wrote about being on the border of cannibal country and recounts the story of two Peruvian officers who were killed and eaten about twelve miles above them some time ago (March 26, 1873). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e5) Noland described the Commission's arrangement with \"Old Clemente\" who had his warriors cut wood with axes for use as fuel in the \"Tambo\" and deliver it in the indigenous canoes. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis production of wood was interrupted when the warriors went on a war expedition against the Cashibos \"to steal their women and children.\" Noland also described their beliefs about burning the house of any member of the group who dies, cut up his canoe, kill his enslaved persons and destroy all their belongings out of fear of being bewitched. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOn page 10, he has also drawn a picture of the Conibo knife carried by each man.  (March 31-April 2, 1873).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e6) Noland furnished additional information about the indigenous warriors, their preparations, an aside about the production of \"masato de yuca\" by the older indigenous women, and the failure of the mission of the warriors due to thesuperior numbers of the Cashibos (April 3 and 8, 1873). He described one of the Conibo houses and how it was arranged (May 1, 1873). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNoland also wrote of being lost deep in the forest on the border between the Conibos and the Cashibos while hunting with a guide and how difficult it was to get back to the river (May 10, 1873).  Noland's entry for May 12th says that the chief of the local indigenous group predicted the \"Tambo\" was coming up the river and would arrive soon because of the waterfowl which was disturbed by the steamer's advance and flew in advance of it on the upper Ucayali River.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e7) On May 14, 1873, the \"Tambo\" had finally arrived to join Noland's group (on the advance launch \"Mairo\") near the mouth of the Pachitea River, apparently full of animal and bird species both alive and mounted as specimens. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe arrival of the \"Tambo\" was so late in the season that it was unsafe for either vessel to proceed up the Pachitea River to do the survey, so the Hydraulic Commission purchased six canoes from the Conibo indigenous group to carry the members of the commission and their provisions for five to six weeks up the Pachitea River, two to three hundred miles.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNoland went on to describe the Conibo canoes, their dimensions, stability, construction, arrangement of the indigenous crew in the canoe, and the distribution of the Commission members and soldiers among the crafts (May 15-19, 1873). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSome indigenous Cashibos, who had been captured and enslaved by Pedro, the brother of Clemente (both being members of the Conibo group) also joined the expedition (May 20-21, 1873). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e8) Noland also described the Conibos' fear of being in the territory of their neighbors, the Cashibos, reported to be cannibals and related a story involving a Peruvian gunboat who landed on a small island (Chouta Isla) and whose captain and 2nd commander were killed by the Cashibos. Both were reported as eaten by the group of Cashibos (May 21, 1873). He described an attack by the Cashibos upon the pilot canoe, during the daylight hours (May 24, 1873).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e9) He described the canoes passing under cliffs of colored lava, where some bore a type of \"hieroglyphic\" writing, possibly the most eastern trace of the Incas yet known (May 26, 1873) and exchanging presents with some of the Cashibos along the banks (May 30, 1873). This \"gift exchange\" turned into an armed altercation shortly thereafter. They arrived at the mouth of the Pichis River and began its exploration (June 4-6, 1873). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA desertion by eight of their men was caused by fear of the Campas indigenous people, known as \"the most fierce of all the Indians of Peru\" according to Noland (June 7-11, 1873). They continued on further into the territory of the Campas and he related stories and information about them and the local flora and fauna in his journal (June 12-16, 1873).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e10) While headed back towards the steamers, they ran across a larger than normal war party of Conibos about to attack the Cashibos (June 27, 1873) who would be either killed or enslaved by them, and then sold to the whites of Iquitos, Peru, although this was against the law. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNoland mentioned the trafficking of shrunken heads made from captives taken in war by interior indigenous peoples, also against Peruvian law. The Conibo expedition was later  reported to be unsuccessful (October 28, 1873).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAn account was attached after page 27, describing the story about the shrunken head of Tibi, the fearsome chief of the \"Antipas\" ethnic group, defeated by the indigenous group, the \"Aguaruna.\" \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e11) On June 28, 1873, the group reached the steamers, still anchored within the mouth of the Pachitea, after being aboard the canoes for forty-one days. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFollowing this entry, Noland began a long paragraph with his own observations about the indigenous people in the region they had been exploring. On July 1,1873, the Hydraulic Commission began traveling up the Ucayali River, stopping at Sara-Yacu on July 9, where he purchased a young \"tiger\" and employed the local umbrella, a palm thatch, during a severe thunderstorm. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOn August 24, 1873, they arrived back at Iquitos, where the boats were greeted by the entire village.  Noland then began a lengthy description of the inhabitants of Iquitos, Peru, and their customs. He also mentions meeting James Orton (1830-1877) author of \"Andes and Amazon.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e12) On September 17, 1873, the group began the second series of explorations, beginning at the River Nanay. The local indigenous people were called the Iquitos (September 23, 1873).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNoland described the multi-ethnic composition of the crew of his launch, some of their more interesting meals, and the great number of butterflies they had seen on the Nanay River (September 26, 1873). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUpon their arrival back in Iquitos, the entire crew was ill, probably due to malaria (October 1, 1873). On October 13-15, they conducted a short exploration of the River Itaya, which is important only because the river enters the Amazon at Iquitos, Peru.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn October, both the \"Tambo\" and the steamer \"Alceste\" arrived with provisions. Unfortunately, the \"Alceste\" also carried smallpox to Iquitos. Noland described the fear of smallpox by the indigenous people who were known to desert their villages until the disease departed (October 24, 1873). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e13) They began their exploration up the River Potro which emptied into the River Marañon (October 26, 1873).  Noland mentioned a story about the death of an indigenous man who was known as a good pilot for the upper waters during an attack by the \"Mouratos\" people (November 5-7, 1873). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe described Borja as being situated at the head of the Marañon River in a rich gold region. The Spanish had garrisoned two hundred soldiers there to force the indigenous people to bring in gold. Upon the independence of Peru and the withdrawal of the soldiers, the local population destroyed the town, killed the inhabitants, and forced the governor to drink liquid gold according to local legend. Borja had never been successfully rebuilt. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e14) After about a month spent exploring the four tributaries of the Upper Marañon, they arrived back in Iquitos, Peru (December 7, 1873). Noland comments on the mixture of backgrounds and races of the persons in the villages of the Amazon, which include indigenous, \"Negro,\" Spanish and Portuguese.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe also refered to the prevalence of smallpox in the town and described the harmonious and beautiful music of the local indigenous people (December 13, 1873). Noland also recorded his disparaging thoughts on the results of \"the combination of races\" in Brazil and Peru (end of section for January 4, 1874).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e15) Noland and Mr. Sparrow decided to leave Iquitos behind for the duration of the Carnival celebrations and avoid some of its excesses (February 20, 1874). On March 21, 1874, Sparrow and Noland sailed on the steamer \"Pastaza\" to finish the survey of the Marañon River and returned to Borja (March 22-April 5, 1874). He described the town of Iquitos as a kind of Peruvian Botany Bay for offending officers and Peru as weak country with a poor government (April 27, 1874).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e16) The finances of Peru were in such bad shape that there was no money for the members of the Commission to be paid or to get home. They were forced to personally borrow money to settle their accounts in the office of the commissary. The steamer \"Morona\" arrived late and in a damaged condition. They left on the \"Morona\" still hoping to make the connection with the Brazilian boat in time to get home by October.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOn the next day, the steamer \"Morona\" ran aground on a playa along the river. Although the Peruvian boat, the \"Pastaza\" came along shortly afterwards, the captain prevented them from boarding his boat and left them stranded in the falling river levels (August 22-September 23, 1874). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e17) Noland and the others remain stuck on the playa from September 23 until October 12, 1874, when they managed to get the \"Morona\" off the playa and back into the river. In this section of the journal, he made several disparaging remarks about the efficiency of the Peruvian navy and the \"Latin\" temperament. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBy October 20th, Noland's group arrived at the Brazilian frontier fort, \"Tabatinga\" which he described. He also continued to share his negative opinions about the mixture of races in South America, using an African American Padre as an example (October 23, 1874). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter a six day stay in Manaos, Brazil, they left on the boat \"Marajo\" (October 26, 1874), and reached Obidos, Brazil, on October 28, the head of tide water on the Amazon and five hundred miles from the mouth of the river. Noland mentioned that there was an American colony there of former Confederates. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e18) Noland and Sparrow decide to take the schooner \"Charles E. Moody\" bound for New York and led by Captain Collamore, a New Englander with early Yankee ancestors who merit Noland's approval. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe makes much of the crew being white and the captain a Yankee, as opposed to the crews and captains of most of the boats in Peru and Brazil (October 31-December 1, 1874). By November 29, 1874, the schooner was near Cape Henry, Virginia, and on December 1, 1874, the ship made it to a pier in New York City on the East River.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConsists of the framed original map and 4 copies of the map which was hand drawn by Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland. The map has a list of both rivers and places in the area covered. Three copies are on blueprint paper.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports include A \"Some Facts About the Peruvian Amazon,B \"Recapitulated and Condensed,\" and \"Something about Gold Fields, know to exist, but not now definitely located, in Rich Peru.\" Noland wrote these to interest investors and raise money to find and mine gold in the Peruvian Amazon region.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe two spear points were identified by the Peabody Museum, New Haven, Connecticut as a Red Brown Chert and a Red Brown Chert Tang.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Journal","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection documents Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland's time in Peru, and contains his journal, a typed transcript of the journal by Mary Noland Young, photographs (chiefly albumen prints) of items, places, and peoples in the Amazon, correspondence (including drafts and translations), and legal documents. ","Also present are oversize blueprint maps of the Peruvian Amazon region drawn by Noland, a \"Map of a Section of South America - Peru, a Vertical Cross Section of the Continent about the 2nd Degree South Latitude,\" and two spear points. ","Noland's journal records his travels on the Peruvian tributaries of the Amazon from 1873 to 1874. The journal documents his work, describing his travels, the geography, flora and fauna of the area, and his observations and interactions with the various indigenous peoples of the Peruvian Amazon. It includes hand drawn illustrations.","The contract was between Noland, Civil Engineer, and J.R. Tucker, President of the Amazon Hydrographic Commission of Peru (April 10, 1872). Also present is a letter of thanks for services rendered to the steam launch \"Mayro\" during the voyage to Iquitos, Peru (August 11, 1873), and a final letter of thanks from the Peruvian government for the successful completion of the mission (December 4, 1874). ","There is a letter from Senator Thomas S. Martin describing his efforts through the State Department to secure payment from the Peruvian government for the \"claim of the Hydrographic Commission of the Amazon\" (March 12, 1896)."," A packet of typed letters translated and bound together with the notation \"C\" on the back include the following correspondents and topics: \n \nManuel Santillan wrote Alexander W. Thornely about the opportunities for mining the riches of the area of the Marañon River region of Peru, including gold dust, rubber trees, and chocolate (February 6, 1899)."," Abraham Madina wrote to Manuel Santillan about the danger from indigenous peoples in the region creating difficulties in harvesting all the riches of the area but also emphasizing the richness and health of the region (February 4, 1899). \n \nMaximiliano Kabsch to Otoniel Melena, describes the situation along the River Napo, mentioning both \"civilized\" indigenous peoples accustomed to working with foreigners and other indigenous peoples, not used to working with foreigners but who were peaceful. He also mentioned the requirements for successful navigation of the river and other financial opportunities in nearby Ecuador (February 1, 1899).","Otoniel Melena to Alexander W. Thornely, described an expedition to the upper Marañon River region, the source of much gold, but  also containing rapids and a large whirlpool. The whirlpool resulted in loss of life to San Ramon and several indigenous laborers on the expedition, when he disregarded their advice to avoid it. ","During another expedition in 1890 led by an American, Mr. Walf, and a German naturalist, above the Pongo de Mainique (a water gap or canyon) of the Urubamba River, a group was visited by members of the \"Nautipus\" people who invited them to stay in their village for a few days (February 4, 1899). They brought twelve of the indigenous people with them back to San Antonio, Peru, including a chief named Wamba.","Melena also shared what he has heard about the headwaters of the River Napo and its prospects for mining. He suggests that Noland come to Peru accompanied by a naturalist and mining expert by way of Colón, Panama, then Guayaquil, Ecuador, to Quito, Ecuador. Once in Quito, he should visit Dr. Mestanza and get additional information about the voyage down the Napo River to Iquitos, Peru, Borja, Peru, and the upper Marañon region. (February 4, 1899).","Also present at the back of the group letters is a copy of an undated account of one of the expeditions in search of the historical gold mines of Morillo or Cerro Angaisa by Jose del Carmen Vasquez. This expedition began on August 1, 1882, when he left Moyobamba for the upper Amazon, taking with him fourteen well-armed men. He secured the services of several villagers from Aripari and interpreters for the languages of the \"wild tribes.\" ","He described their first encounter with the \"Chunchos\" indigenous people, a Peruvian Spanish word for the Asháninka people, who occupy the upper region of the Potro River. He sent interpreters to the tribe to ask them to supply canoes for the journey. ","They traveled in the canoes to the Asháninka village where they prepared food for the trip, chiefly sweet potatoes, and he insisted the Moyobambinos with him make clothing for the tribe as they typically wore no clothing. Vasquez and his group stayed with the Asháninka people for eleven days. ","He mentioned one of the Asháninka by name, Huapi, who indicated that gold could be found in a distant canyon, but no one else in the expedition was willing to continue at that time. Vasquez and his men had been traveling for seventy-nine days on this first expedition. He briefly described three additional trips which provided more information about the area, but no gold.","Translations of two letters (4 copies):","Manuel Santillan to Mr. A.W. Thornely, April 16, 1899, reporting that the port of Iquitos had recently seen its first American Man of War, the gunboat \"Wilmington,\" believed to be in the area to investigate the reports of the wealth of the products of the upper Amazon. He also mentioned Mr. Bruner and a company of Americans exploring the placer mines of the River Napo.","Colonel Fisher, former American representative to Chile, on behalf of Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland, to Don Alvares Calderon, Minister Plenipotentiary of Peru, August 1900, wrote concerning the possibility of opening up the mining district of the upper Amazon by a Special Concession to a company in the United States associated with Noland for hydraulic mining of gold to make it easier to raise capital for the venture.","Also in this folder is a draft undated memorandum of agreement between Carl H. Nolting, Louisa County, Virginia, and Noland, and a letter from J.F. Spofford to Noland about the rates of passage to Peru, October 9, 1900.","Contains a print copy in Spanish and hand-written English translation of the transfer of an agreement of The Inca Gold Development Corporation of Peru, Limited, with the government of Peru for the right to dredge the Inambari River, Province of Carabaya, April 29, 1904. ","Other correspondents writing about the project or furnishing letters of introduction March 22-23, 1906) include A.J. Montague, E.B. Thomason, Nelson B. Noland, Irving B. Dudley, Z.A. Loredo. The folder also contained a letter from Mary Bleecker Miller Noland (1889-1985) to the National Geographic Society offering Noland's papers as a gift, June 20, 1964. ","The journal kept by Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland describes his travels and adventures as a member of the Hydraulic Commission of Peru in the upper Amazon region while making accurate navigational charts for the tributaries of the Amazon.  The Commission began their mission by leaving Iquitos, Peru, with two boats, the launch \"Mairo\" and the steamer, the \"Tambo, with Noland being aboard the \"Mairo\" as the civil engineer.","The handwritten journal also contains some drawings, photographs, and news clippings. Apparently some photographs had been removed by Noland, possibly by relatives or for use as illustrations for some articles he wrote for \"Appleton's Journal\" in 1875. ","The \"Mairo\" first explored the River Nanay from September 17, 1873 until its return to Iquitos, Peru, on October 3, 1873. On October 27, 1873, still aboard the \"Mairo,\" Noland and his group left Iquitos to explore the Morona, Potro, Pastaza and Tigre rivers. They returned on December 4, 1873, to Iquitos from those explorations. ","2) Noland described an indigenous settlement at Courahualie, where the people, with heavily painted faces, came to see them off the next day, speaking the Incan language and with the girls carrying monkeys upon their heads (February 23-24, 1873). ","Later he described a canoe which was made from a single tree and propelled by ten indigenous men on the Ucayali River. The \"Mairo\" passed it but later heard the same group of indigenous men during the night coming into Puca-Cura, playing music and singing \"a wild kind of melody, as they paddled, very sweet\" (March 6, 1873). ","The next morning, they saw one of the men, tattooed on his face and hands, being lashed by a man named Martinez (?) who owned the farmhouse, land, and the canoe (March 7, 1873). ","3) Anchored at Sara-Yuca, they saw several aboriginal canoes who came along side and offered them masato to drink. One of the individuals, with a \"musical instrument made of pieces of reed of different sizes and lengths,\" played the same song Noland had heard earlier down the river (March 9, 1873) in \"the Incan tongue.\" ","He also described the Old Church and other buildings constructed by the Jesuits who founded it two hundred years ago (March 10, 1873). ","He saw other indigenous people at the Bepuano chacara who he said were \"the wildest I have seen and have their war clubs, bows and arrows arranged in their houses ready for use\" (March 11, 1873).","4) Noland met a boy who had been captured by the Conibo ethnic group from the Cashibo ethnic group. The Cashibos along the River Pachitea were rumored to be cannibals (March 14, 1873). ","He also met an older monk, at the Cashaboya station of the Order of St. Francis, trying to arrange three indigenous languages into some kind of form and prepare a dictionary for the Incan language (March 16, 1873). ","They purchased plantains, ground peas and a monkey from some of the indigenous people as they left their anchor site about fifty miles from Calleria. When they anchored for the night at a Conibo settlement two miles from the mouth of the Pachitea River, they also purchased some wild hogs (wangana) and more plantains (March 25-26, 1873). ","Noland wrote about being on the border of cannibal country and recounts the story of two Peruvian officers who were killed and eaten about twelve miles above them some time ago (March 26, 1873). ","5) Noland described the Commission's arrangement with \"Old Clemente\" who had his warriors cut wood with axes for use as fuel in the \"Tambo\" and deliver it in the indigenous canoes. ","This production of wood was interrupted when the warriors went on a war expedition against the Cashibos \"to steal their women and children.\" Noland also described their beliefs about burning the house of any member of the group who dies, cut up his canoe, kill his enslaved persons and destroy all their belongings out of fear of being bewitched. ","On page 10, he has also drawn a picture of the Conibo knife carried by each man.  (March 31-April 2, 1873).","6) Noland furnished additional information about the indigenous warriors, their preparations, an aside about the production of \"masato de yuca\" by the older indigenous women, and the failure of the mission of the warriors due to thesuperior numbers of the Cashibos (April 3 and 8, 1873). He described one of the Conibo houses and how it was arranged (May 1, 1873). ","Noland also wrote of being lost deep in the forest on the border between the Conibos and the Cashibos while hunting with a guide and how difficult it was to get back to the river (May 10, 1873).  Noland's entry for May 12th says that the chief of the local indigenous group predicted the \"Tambo\" was coming up the river and would arrive soon because of the waterfowl which was disturbed by the steamer's advance and flew in advance of it on the upper Ucayali River.","7) On May 14, 1873, the \"Tambo\" had finally arrived to join Noland's group (on the advance launch \"Mairo\") near the mouth of the Pachitea River, apparently full of animal and bird species both alive and mounted as specimens. ","The arrival of the \"Tambo\" was so late in the season that it was unsafe for either vessel to proceed up the Pachitea River to do the survey, so the Hydraulic Commission purchased six canoes from the Conibo indigenous group to carry the members of the commission and their provisions for five to six weeks up the Pachitea River, two to three hundred miles.","Noland went on to describe the Conibo canoes, their dimensions, stability, construction, arrangement of the indigenous crew in the canoe, and the distribution of the Commission members and soldiers among the crafts (May 15-19, 1873). ","Some indigenous Cashibos, who had been captured and enslaved by Pedro, the brother of Clemente (both being members of the Conibo group) also joined the expedition (May 20-21, 1873). ","8) Noland also described the Conibos' fear of being in the territory of their neighbors, the Cashibos, reported to be cannibals and related a story involving a Peruvian gunboat who landed on a small island (Chouta Isla) and whose captain and 2nd commander were killed by the Cashibos. Both were reported as eaten by the group of Cashibos (May 21, 1873). He described an attack by the Cashibos upon the pilot canoe, during the daylight hours (May 24, 1873).","9) He described the canoes passing under cliffs of colored lava, where some bore a type of \"hieroglyphic\" writing, possibly the most eastern trace of the Incas yet known (May 26, 1873) and exchanging presents with some of the Cashibos along the banks (May 30, 1873). This \"gift exchange\" turned into an armed altercation shortly thereafter. They arrived at the mouth of the Pichis River and began its exploration (June 4-6, 1873). ","A desertion by eight of their men was caused by fear of the Campas indigenous people, known as \"the most fierce of all the Indians of Peru\" according to Noland (June 7-11, 1873). They continued on further into the territory of the Campas and he related stories and information about them and the local flora and fauna in his journal (June 12-16, 1873).","10) While headed back towards the steamers, they ran across a larger than normal war party of Conibos about to attack the Cashibos (June 27, 1873) who would be either killed or enslaved by them, and then sold to the whites of Iquitos, Peru, although this was against the law. ","Noland mentioned the trafficking of shrunken heads made from captives taken in war by interior indigenous peoples, also against Peruvian law. The Conibo expedition was later  reported to be unsuccessful (October 28, 1873).","An account was attached after page 27, describing the story about the shrunken head of Tibi, the fearsome chief of the \"Antipas\" ethnic group, defeated by the indigenous group, the \"Aguaruna.\" ","11) On June 28, 1873, the group reached the steamers, still anchored within the mouth of the Pachitea, after being aboard the canoes for forty-one days. ","Following this entry, Noland began a long paragraph with his own observations about the indigenous people in the region they had been exploring. On July 1,1873, the Hydraulic Commission began traveling up the Ucayali River, stopping at Sara-Yacu on July 9, where he purchased a young \"tiger\" and employed the local umbrella, a palm thatch, during a severe thunderstorm. ","On August 24, 1873, they arrived back at Iquitos, where the boats were greeted by the entire village.  Noland then began a lengthy description of the inhabitants of Iquitos, Peru, and their customs. He also mentions meeting James Orton (1830-1877) author of \"Andes and Amazon.\"","12) On September 17, 1873, the group began the second series of explorations, beginning at the River Nanay. The local indigenous people were called the Iquitos (September 23, 1873).","Noland described the multi-ethnic composition of the crew of his launch, some of their more interesting meals, and the great number of butterflies they had seen on the Nanay River (September 26, 1873). ","Upon their arrival back in Iquitos, the entire crew was ill, probably due to malaria (October 1, 1873). On October 13-15, they conducted a short exploration of the River Itaya, which is important only because the river enters the Amazon at Iquitos, Peru.","In October, both the \"Tambo\" and the steamer \"Alceste\" arrived with provisions. Unfortunately, the \"Alceste\" also carried smallpox to Iquitos. Noland described the fear of smallpox by the indigenous people who were known to desert their villages until the disease departed (October 24, 1873). ","13) They began their exploration up the River Potro which emptied into the River Marañon (October 26, 1873).  Noland mentioned a story about the death of an indigenous man who was known as a good pilot for the upper waters during an attack by the \"Mouratos\" people (November 5-7, 1873). ","He described Borja as being situated at the head of the Marañon River in a rich gold region. The Spanish had garrisoned two hundred soldiers there to force the indigenous people to bring in gold. Upon the independence of Peru and the withdrawal of the soldiers, the local population destroyed the town, killed the inhabitants, and forced the governor to drink liquid gold according to local legend. Borja had never been successfully rebuilt. ","14) After about a month spent exploring the four tributaries of the Upper Marañon, they arrived back in Iquitos, Peru (December 7, 1873). Noland comments on the mixture of backgrounds and races of the persons in the villages of the Amazon, which include indigenous, \"Negro,\" Spanish and Portuguese.","He also refered to the prevalence of smallpox in the town and described the harmonious and beautiful music of the local indigenous people (December 13, 1873). Noland also recorded his disparaging thoughts on the results of \"the combination of races\" in Brazil and Peru (end of section for January 4, 1874).","15) Noland and Mr. Sparrow decided to leave Iquitos behind for the duration of the Carnival celebrations and avoid some of its excesses (February 20, 1874). On March 21, 1874, Sparrow and Noland sailed on the steamer \"Pastaza\" to finish the survey of the Marañon River and returned to Borja (March 22-April 5, 1874). He described the town of Iquitos as a kind of Peruvian Botany Bay for offending officers and Peru as weak country with a poor government (April 27, 1874).","16) The finances of Peru were in such bad shape that there was no money for the members of the Commission to be paid or to get home. They were forced to personally borrow money to settle their accounts in the office of the commissary. The steamer \"Morona\" arrived late and in a damaged condition. They left on the \"Morona\" still hoping to make the connection with the Brazilian boat in time to get home by October.  ","On the next day, the steamer \"Morona\" ran aground on a playa along the river. Although the Peruvian boat, the \"Pastaza\" came along shortly afterwards, the captain prevented them from boarding his boat and left them stranded in the falling river levels (August 22-September 23, 1874). ","17) Noland and the others remain stuck on the playa from September 23 until October 12, 1874, when they managed to get the \"Morona\" off the playa and back into the river. In this section of the journal, he made several disparaging remarks about the efficiency of the Peruvian navy and the \"Latin\" temperament. ","By October 20th, Noland's group arrived at the Brazilian frontier fort, \"Tabatinga\" which he described. He also continued to share his negative opinions about the mixture of races in South America, using an African American Padre as an example (October 23, 1874). ","After a six day stay in Manaos, Brazil, they left on the boat \"Marajo\" (October 26, 1874), and reached Obidos, Brazil, on October 28, the head of tide water on the Amazon and five hundred miles from the mouth of the river. Noland mentioned that there was an American colony there of former Confederates. ","18) Noland and Sparrow decide to take the schooner \"Charles E. Moody\" bound for New York and led by Captain Collamore, a New Englander with early Yankee ancestors who merit Noland's approval. ","He makes much of the crew being white and the captain a Yankee, as opposed to the crews and captains of most of the boats in Peru and Brazil (October 31-December 1, 1874). By November 29, 1874, the schooner was near Cape Henry, Virginia, and on December 1, 1874, the ship made it to a pier in New York City on the East River.","Consists of the framed original map and 4 copies of the map which was hand drawn by Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland. The map has a list of both rivers and places in the area covered. Three copies are on blueprint paper.","Reports include A \"Some Facts About the Peruvian Amazon,B \"Recapitulated and Condensed,\" and \"Something about Gold Fields, know to exist, but not now definitely located, in Rich Peru.\" Noland wrote these to interest investors and raise money to find and mine gold in the Peruvian Amazon region.","The two spear points were identified by the Peabody Museum, New Haven, Connecticut as a Red Brown Chert and a Red Brown Chert Tang."],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Noland, Thomas Nelson Berkeley , 1846-1913"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"persname_ssim":["Noland, Thomas Nelson Berkeley , 1846-1913"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":9,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:48:36.769Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1028","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1028","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1028","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1028","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1028.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/120844","title_filing_ssi":"Noland, Thomas Nelson Berkeley, papers","title_ssm":["Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland papers"],"title_tesim":["Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1872-2020","1872-1906, 1964, 2020"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1872-1906, 1964, 2020"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1872-2020"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS .16476","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1028"],"text":["MSS .16476","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1028","Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland papers","Peru","Ashaninca","Campa del Pichis","Cashibo indigenous group","Conibo indigenous group","Aguaruna indigenous group","racism -- 1870-1880","South American Description and Travel","Indigenous peoples -- Peru","Amazon River Region","Rivers--Peru","Gold","gold mines and mining","diaries","Fair to good","This collection is open for research use.","Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland (1846-1913) was born in Hanover County, Virginia, the son of Colonel Callender St. George Noland (1816-1875) and Mary Edmonia Berkeley (1823-1901). ","Noland was a student at the Virginia Military Institute, from 1863-1864 and 1867-1870, where he served as a private in Company C, participating in the Battle of New Market during the Civil War. ","He was employed both as a civil engineer and a farmer. Noland was employed as a civil engineer by the Peruvian Hydraulic Commission 1873-1874. Noland and Elizabeth M. Mayo (1850-1883) were married in 1883.","This material contains offensive or harmful language based on race and religion. Also present are a few descriptions of violence against Black, Indigenous, and people of color.","The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials. For archival materials, more specific information about these materials may be available in the finding aid. ","This collection documents Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland's time in Peru, and contains his journal, a typed transcript of the journal by Mary Noland Young, photographs (chiefly albumen prints) of items, places, and peoples in the Amazon, correspondence (including drafts and translations), and legal documents. ","Also present are oversize blueprint maps of the Peruvian Amazon region drawn by Noland, a \"Map of a Section of South America - Peru, a Vertical Cross Section of the Continent about the 2nd Degree South Latitude,\" and two spear points. ","Noland's journal records his travels on the Peruvian tributaries of the Amazon from 1873 to 1874. The journal documents his work, describing his travels, the geography, flora and fauna of the area, and his observations and interactions with the various indigenous peoples of the Peruvian Amazon. It includes hand drawn illustrations.","The contract was between Noland, Civil Engineer, and J.R. Tucker, President of the Amazon Hydrographic Commission of Peru (April 10, 1872). Also present is a letter of thanks for services rendered to the steam launch \"Mayro\" during the voyage to Iquitos, Peru (August 11, 1873), and a final letter of thanks from the Peruvian government for the successful completion of the mission (December 4, 1874). ","There is a letter from Senator Thomas S. Martin describing his efforts through the State Department to secure payment from the Peruvian government for the \"claim of the Hydrographic Commission of the Amazon\" (March 12, 1896)."," A packet of typed letters translated and bound together with the notation \"C\" on the back include the following correspondents and topics: \n \nManuel Santillan wrote Alexander W. Thornely about the opportunities for mining the riches of the area of the Marañon River region of Peru, including gold dust, rubber trees, and chocolate (February 6, 1899)."," Abraham Madina wrote to Manuel Santillan about the danger from indigenous peoples in the region creating difficulties in harvesting all the riches of the area but also emphasizing the richness and health of the region (February 4, 1899). \n \nMaximiliano Kabsch to Otoniel Melena, describes the situation along the River Napo, mentioning both \"civilized\" indigenous peoples accustomed to working with foreigners and other indigenous peoples, not used to working with foreigners but who were peaceful. He also mentioned the requirements for successful navigation of the river and other financial opportunities in nearby Ecuador (February 1, 1899).","Otoniel Melena to Alexander W. Thornely, described an expedition to the upper Marañon River region, the source of much gold, but  also containing rapids and a large whirlpool. The whirlpool resulted in loss of life to San Ramon and several indigenous laborers on the expedition, when he disregarded their advice to avoid it. ","During another expedition in 1890 led by an American, Mr. Walf, and a German naturalist, above the Pongo de Mainique (a water gap or canyon) of the Urubamba River, a group was visited by members of the \"Nautipus\" people who invited them to stay in their village for a few days (February 4, 1899). They brought twelve of the indigenous people with them back to San Antonio, Peru, including a chief named Wamba.","Melena also shared what he has heard about the headwaters of the River Napo and its prospects for mining. He suggests that Noland come to Peru accompanied by a naturalist and mining expert by way of Colón, Panama, then Guayaquil, Ecuador, to Quito, Ecuador. Once in Quito, he should visit Dr. Mestanza and get additional information about the voyage down the Napo River to Iquitos, Peru, Borja, Peru, and the upper Marañon region. (February 4, 1899).","Also present at the back of the group letters is a copy of an undated account of one of the expeditions in search of the historical gold mines of Morillo or Cerro Angaisa by Jose del Carmen Vasquez. This expedition began on August 1, 1882, when he left Moyobamba for the upper Amazon, taking with him fourteen well-armed men. He secured the services of several villagers from Aripari and interpreters for the languages of the \"wild tribes.\" ","He described their first encounter with the \"Chunchos\" indigenous people, a Peruvian Spanish word for the Asháninka people, who occupy the upper region of the Potro River. He sent interpreters to the tribe to ask them to supply canoes for the journey. ","They traveled in the canoes to the Asháninka village where they prepared food for the trip, chiefly sweet potatoes, and he insisted the Moyobambinos with him make clothing for the tribe as they typically wore no clothing. Vasquez and his group stayed with the Asháninka people for eleven days. ","He mentioned one of the Asháninka by name, Huapi, who indicated that gold could be found in a distant canyon, but no one else in the expedition was willing to continue at that time. Vasquez and his men had been traveling for seventy-nine days on this first expedition. He briefly described three additional trips which provided more information about the area, but no gold.","Translations of two letters (4 copies):","Manuel Santillan to Mr. A.W. Thornely, April 16, 1899, reporting that the port of Iquitos had recently seen its first American Man of War, the gunboat \"Wilmington,\" believed to be in the area to investigate the reports of the wealth of the products of the upper Amazon. He also mentioned Mr. Bruner and a company of Americans exploring the placer mines of the River Napo.","Colonel Fisher, former American representative to Chile, on behalf of Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland, to Don Alvares Calderon, Minister Plenipotentiary of Peru, August 1900, wrote concerning the possibility of opening up the mining district of the upper Amazon by a Special Concession to a company in the United States associated with Noland for hydraulic mining of gold to make it easier to raise capital for the venture.","Also in this folder is a draft undated memorandum of agreement between Carl H. Nolting, Louisa County, Virginia, and Noland, and a letter from J.F. Spofford to Noland about the rates of passage to Peru, October 9, 1900.","Contains a print copy in Spanish and hand-written English translation of the transfer of an agreement of The Inca Gold Development Corporation of Peru, Limited, with the government of Peru for the right to dredge the Inambari River, Province of Carabaya, April 29, 1904. ","Other correspondents writing about the project or furnishing letters of introduction March 22-23, 1906) include A.J. Montague, E.B. Thomason, Nelson B. Noland, Irving B. Dudley, Z.A. Loredo. The folder also contained a letter from Mary Bleecker Miller Noland (1889-1985) to the National Geographic Society offering Noland's papers as a gift, June 20, 1964. ","The journal kept by Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland describes his travels and adventures as a member of the Hydraulic Commission of Peru in the upper Amazon region while making accurate navigational charts for the tributaries of the Amazon.  The Commission began their mission by leaving Iquitos, Peru, with two boats, the launch \"Mairo\" and the steamer, the \"Tambo, with Noland being aboard the \"Mairo\" as the civil engineer.","The handwritten journal also contains some drawings, photographs, and news clippings. Apparently some photographs had been removed by Noland, possibly by relatives or for use as illustrations for some articles he wrote for \"Appleton's Journal\" in 1875. ","The \"Mairo\" first explored the River Nanay from September 17, 1873 until its return to Iquitos, Peru, on October 3, 1873. On October 27, 1873, still aboard the \"Mairo,\" Noland and his group left Iquitos to explore the Morona, Potro, Pastaza and Tigre rivers. They returned on December 4, 1873, to Iquitos from those explorations. ","2) Noland described an indigenous settlement at Courahualie, where the people, with heavily painted faces, came to see them off the next day, speaking the Incan language and with the girls carrying monkeys upon their heads (February 23-24, 1873). ","Later he described a canoe which was made from a single tree and propelled by ten indigenous men on the Ucayali River. The \"Mairo\" passed it but later heard the same group of indigenous men during the night coming into Puca-Cura, playing music and singing \"a wild kind of melody, as they paddled, very sweet\" (March 6, 1873). ","The next morning, they saw one of the men, tattooed on his face and hands, being lashed by a man named Martinez (?) who owned the farmhouse, land, and the canoe (March 7, 1873). ","3) Anchored at Sara-Yuca, they saw several aboriginal canoes who came along side and offered them masato to drink. One of the individuals, with a \"musical instrument made of pieces of reed of different sizes and lengths,\" played the same song Noland had heard earlier down the river (March 9, 1873) in \"the Incan tongue.\" ","He also described the Old Church and other buildings constructed by the Jesuits who founded it two hundred years ago (March 10, 1873). ","He saw other indigenous people at the Bepuano chacara who he said were \"the wildest I have seen and have their war clubs, bows and arrows arranged in their houses ready for use\" (March 11, 1873).","4) Noland met a boy who had been captured by the Conibo ethnic group from the Cashibo ethnic group. The Cashibos along the River Pachitea were rumored to be cannibals (March 14, 1873). ","He also met an older monk, at the Cashaboya station of the Order of St. Francis, trying to arrange three indigenous languages into some kind of form and prepare a dictionary for the Incan language (March 16, 1873). ","They purchased plantains, ground peas and a monkey from some of the indigenous people as they left their anchor site about fifty miles from Calleria. When they anchored for the night at a Conibo settlement two miles from the mouth of the Pachitea River, they also purchased some wild hogs (wangana) and more plantains (March 25-26, 1873). ","Noland wrote about being on the border of cannibal country and recounts the story of two Peruvian officers who were killed and eaten about twelve miles above them some time ago (March 26, 1873). ","5) Noland described the Commission's arrangement with \"Old Clemente\" who had his warriors cut wood with axes for use as fuel in the \"Tambo\" and deliver it in the indigenous canoes. ","This production of wood was interrupted when the warriors went on a war expedition against the Cashibos \"to steal their women and children.\" Noland also described their beliefs about burning the house of any member of the group who dies, cut up his canoe, kill his enslaved persons and destroy all their belongings out of fear of being bewitched. ","On page 10, he has also drawn a picture of the Conibo knife carried by each man.  (March 31-April 2, 1873).","6) Noland furnished additional information about the indigenous warriors, their preparations, an aside about the production of \"masato de yuca\" by the older indigenous women, and the failure of the mission of the warriors due to thesuperior numbers of the Cashibos (April 3 and 8, 1873). He described one of the Conibo houses and how it was arranged (May 1, 1873). ","Noland also wrote of being lost deep in the forest on the border between the Conibos and the Cashibos while hunting with a guide and how difficult it was to get back to the river (May 10, 1873).  Noland's entry for May 12th says that the chief of the local indigenous group predicted the \"Tambo\" was coming up the river and would arrive soon because of the waterfowl which was disturbed by the steamer's advance and flew in advance of it on the upper Ucayali River.","7) On May 14, 1873, the \"Tambo\" had finally arrived to join Noland's group (on the advance launch \"Mairo\") near the mouth of the Pachitea River, apparently full of animal and bird species both alive and mounted as specimens. ","The arrival of the \"Tambo\" was so late in the season that it was unsafe for either vessel to proceed up the Pachitea River to do the survey, so the Hydraulic Commission purchased six canoes from the Conibo indigenous group to carry the members of the commission and their provisions for five to six weeks up the Pachitea River, two to three hundred miles.","Noland went on to describe the Conibo canoes, their dimensions, stability, construction, arrangement of the indigenous crew in the canoe, and the distribution of the Commission members and soldiers among the crafts (May 15-19, 1873). ","Some indigenous Cashibos, who had been captured and enslaved by Pedro, the brother of Clemente (both being members of the Conibo group) also joined the expedition (May 20-21, 1873). ","8) Noland also described the Conibos' fear of being in the territory of their neighbors, the Cashibos, reported to be cannibals and related a story involving a Peruvian gunboat who landed on a small island (Chouta Isla) and whose captain and 2nd commander were killed by the Cashibos. Both were reported as eaten by the group of Cashibos (May 21, 1873). He described an attack by the Cashibos upon the pilot canoe, during the daylight hours (May 24, 1873).","9) He described the canoes passing under cliffs of colored lava, where some bore a type of \"hieroglyphic\" writing, possibly the most eastern trace of the Incas yet known (May 26, 1873) and exchanging presents with some of the Cashibos along the banks (May 30, 1873). This \"gift exchange\" turned into an armed altercation shortly thereafter. They arrived at the mouth of the Pichis River and began its exploration (June 4-6, 1873). ","A desertion by eight of their men was caused by fear of the Campas indigenous people, known as \"the most fierce of all the Indians of Peru\" according to Noland (June 7-11, 1873). They continued on further into the territory of the Campas and he related stories and information about them and the local flora and fauna in his journal (June 12-16, 1873).","10) While headed back towards the steamers, they ran across a larger than normal war party of Conibos about to attack the Cashibos (June 27, 1873) who would be either killed or enslaved by them, and then sold to the whites of Iquitos, Peru, although this was against the law. ","Noland mentioned the trafficking of shrunken heads made from captives taken in war by interior indigenous peoples, also against Peruvian law. The Conibo expedition was later  reported to be unsuccessful (October 28, 1873).","An account was attached after page 27, describing the story about the shrunken head of Tibi, the fearsome chief of the \"Antipas\" ethnic group, defeated by the indigenous group, the \"Aguaruna.\" ","11) On June 28, 1873, the group reached the steamers, still anchored within the mouth of the Pachitea, after being aboard the canoes for forty-one days. ","Following this entry, Noland began a long paragraph with his own observations about the indigenous people in the region they had been exploring. On July 1,1873, the Hydraulic Commission began traveling up the Ucayali River, stopping at Sara-Yacu on July 9, where he purchased a young \"tiger\" and employed the local umbrella, a palm thatch, during a severe thunderstorm. ","On August 24, 1873, they arrived back at Iquitos, where the boats were greeted by the entire village.  Noland then began a lengthy description of the inhabitants of Iquitos, Peru, and their customs. He also mentions meeting James Orton (1830-1877) author of \"Andes and Amazon.\"","12) On September 17, 1873, the group began the second series of explorations, beginning at the River Nanay. The local indigenous people were called the Iquitos (September 23, 1873).","Noland described the multi-ethnic composition of the crew of his launch, some of their more interesting meals, and the great number of butterflies they had seen on the Nanay River (September 26, 1873). ","Upon their arrival back in Iquitos, the entire crew was ill, probably due to malaria (October 1, 1873). On October 13-15, they conducted a short exploration of the River Itaya, which is important only because the river enters the Amazon at Iquitos, Peru.","In October, both the \"Tambo\" and the steamer \"Alceste\" arrived with provisions. Unfortunately, the \"Alceste\" also carried smallpox to Iquitos. Noland described the fear of smallpox by the indigenous people who were known to desert their villages until the disease departed (October 24, 1873). ","13) They began their exploration up the River Potro which emptied into the River Marañon (October 26, 1873).  Noland mentioned a story about the death of an indigenous man who was known as a good pilot for the upper waters during an attack by the \"Mouratos\" people (November 5-7, 1873). ","He described Borja as being situated at the head of the Marañon River in a rich gold region. The Spanish had garrisoned two hundred soldiers there to force the indigenous people to bring in gold. Upon the independence of Peru and the withdrawal of the soldiers, the local population destroyed the town, killed the inhabitants, and forced the governor to drink liquid gold according to local legend. Borja had never been successfully rebuilt. ","14) After about a month spent exploring the four tributaries of the Upper Marañon, they arrived back in Iquitos, Peru (December 7, 1873). Noland comments on the mixture of backgrounds and races of the persons in the villages of the Amazon, which include indigenous, \"Negro,\" Spanish and Portuguese.","He also refered to the prevalence of smallpox in the town and described the harmonious and beautiful music of the local indigenous people (December 13, 1873). Noland also recorded his disparaging thoughts on the results of \"the combination of races\" in Brazil and Peru (end of section for January 4, 1874).","15) Noland and Mr. Sparrow decided to leave Iquitos behind for the duration of the Carnival celebrations and avoid some of its excesses (February 20, 1874). On March 21, 1874, Sparrow and Noland sailed on the steamer \"Pastaza\" to finish the survey of the Marañon River and returned to Borja (March 22-April 5, 1874). He described the town of Iquitos as a kind of Peruvian Botany Bay for offending officers and Peru as weak country with a poor government (April 27, 1874).","16) The finances of Peru were in such bad shape that there was no money for the members of the Commission to be paid or to get home. They were forced to personally borrow money to settle their accounts in the office of the commissary. The steamer \"Morona\" arrived late and in a damaged condition. They left on the \"Morona\" still hoping to make the connection with the Brazilian boat in time to get home by October.  ","On the next day, the steamer \"Morona\" ran aground on a playa along the river. Although the Peruvian boat, the \"Pastaza\" came along shortly afterwards, the captain prevented them from boarding his boat and left them stranded in the falling river levels (August 22-September 23, 1874). ","17) Noland and the others remain stuck on the playa from September 23 until October 12, 1874, when they managed to get the \"Morona\" off the playa and back into the river. In this section of the journal, he made several disparaging remarks about the efficiency of the Peruvian navy and the \"Latin\" temperament. ","By October 20th, Noland's group arrived at the Brazilian frontier fort, \"Tabatinga\" which he described. He also continued to share his negative opinions about the mixture of races in South America, using an African American Padre as an example (October 23, 1874). ","After a six day stay in Manaos, Brazil, they left on the boat \"Marajo\" (October 26, 1874), and reached Obidos, Brazil, on October 28, the head of tide water on the Amazon and five hundred miles from the mouth of the river. Noland mentioned that there was an American colony there of former Confederates. ","18) Noland and Sparrow decide to take the schooner \"Charles E. Moody\" bound for New York and led by Captain Collamore, a New Englander with early Yankee ancestors who merit Noland's approval. ","He makes much of the crew being white and the captain a Yankee, as opposed to the crews and captains of most of the boats in Peru and Brazil (October 31-December 1, 1874). By November 29, 1874, the schooner was near Cape Henry, Virginia, and on December 1, 1874, the ship made it to a pier in New York City on the East River.","Consists of the framed original map and 4 copies of the map which was hand drawn by Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland. The map has a list of both rivers and places in the area covered. Three copies are on blueprint paper.","Reports include A \"Some Facts About the Peruvian Amazon,B \"Recapitulated and Condensed,\" and \"Something about Gold Fields, know to exist, but not now definitely located, in Rich Peru.\" Noland wrote these to interest investors and raise money to find and mine gold in the Peruvian Amazon region.","The two spear points were identified by the Peabody Museum, New Haven, Connecticut as a Red Brown Chert and a Red Brown Chert Tang.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Noland, Thomas Nelson Berkeley , 1846-1913","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS .16476","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1028"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland papers"],"collection_ssim":["Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland papers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["Peru","Ashaninca","Campa del Pichis","Cashibo indigenous group","Conibo indigenous group","Aguaruna indigenous group","racism -- 1870-1880","South American Description and Travel"],"geogname_ssim":["Peru","Ashaninca","Campa del Pichis","Cashibo indigenous group","Conibo indigenous group","Aguaruna indigenous group","racism -- 1870-1880","South American Description and Travel"],"creator_ssm":["Noland, Thomas Nelson Berkeley , 1846-1913"],"creator_ssim":["Noland, Thomas Nelson Berkeley , 1846-1913"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Noland, Thomas Nelson Berkeley , 1846-1913"],"creators_ssim":["Noland, Thomas Nelson Berkeley , 1846-1913"],"places_ssim":["Peru","Ashaninca","Campa del Pichis","Cashibo indigenous group","Conibo indigenous group","Aguaruna indigenous group","racism -- 1870-1880","South American Description and Travel"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was given to the University of Virginia Special Collections Library on November 12, 2021, by Mary Noland Young and Lucy Burwell Young."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Indigenous peoples -- Peru","Amazon River Region","Rivers--Peru","Gold","gold mines and mining","diaries"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Indigenous peoples -- Peru","Amazon River Region","Rivers--Peru","Gold","gold mines and mining","diaries"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["Fair to good"],"extent_ssm":[".75  Cubic Feet 1 legal document box, 1 small artifact box, and one flat file folder (2 x 3 feet)"],"extent_tesim":[".75  Cubic Feet 1 legal document box, 1 small artifact box, and one flat file folder (2 x 3 feet)"],"genreform_ssim":["diaries"],"date_range_isim":[1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research use."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThomas Nelson Berkeley Noland (1846-1913) was born in Hanover County, Virginia, the son of Colonel Callender St. George Noland (1816-1875) and Mary Edmonia Berkeley (1823-1901). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNoland was a student at the Virginia Military Institute, from 1863-1864 and 1867-1870, where he served as a private in Company C, participating in the Battle of New Market during the Civil War. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe was employed both as a civil engineer and a farmer. Noland was employed as a civil engineer by the Peruvian Hydraulic Commission 1873-1874. Noland and Elizabeth M. Mayo (1850-1883) were married in 1883.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland (1846-1913) was born in Hanover County, Virginia, the son of Colonel Callender St. George Noland (1816-1875) and Mary Edmonia Berkeley (1823-1901). ","Noland was a student at the Virginia Military Institute, from 1863-1864 and 1867-1870, where he served as a private in Company C, participating in the Battle of New Market during the Civil War. ","He was employed both as a civil engineer and a farmer. Noland was employed as a civil engineer by the Peruvian Hydraulic Commission 1873-1874. Noland and Elizabeth M. Mayo (1850-1883) were married in 1883."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis material contains offensive or harmful language based on race and religion. Also present are a few descriptions of violence against Black, Indigenous, and people of color.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials. For archival materials, more specific information about these materials may be available in the finding aid. \u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Content Warning"],"odd_tesim":["This material contains offensive or harmful language based on race and religion. Also present are a few descriptions of violence against Black, Indigenous, and people of color.","The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials. For archival materials, more specific information about these materials may be available in the finding aid. "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThomas Nelson Berkeley Noland papers, MSS 16476, 1872-1806, 1964, 2020, Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland papers, MSS 16476, 1872-1806, 1964, 2020, Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection documents Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland's time in Peru, and contains his journal, a typed transcript of the journal by Mary Noland Young, photographs (chiefly albumen prints) of items, places, and peoples in the Amazon, correspondence (including drafts and translations), and legal documents. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlso present are oversize blueprint maps of the Peruvian Amazon region drawn by Noland, a \"Map of a Section of South America - Peru, a Vertical Cross Section of the Continent about the 2nd Degree South Latitude,\" and two spear points. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNoland's journal records his travels on the Peruvian tributaries of the Amazon from 1873 to 1874. The journal documents his work, describing his travels, the geography, flora and fauna of the area, and his observations and interactions with the various indigenous peoples of the Peruvian Amazon. It includes hand drawn illustrations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe contract was between Noland, Civil Engineer, and J.R. Tucker, President of the Amazon Hydrographic Commission of Peru (April 10, 1872). Also present is a letter of thanks for services rendered to the steam launch \"Mayro\" during the voyage to Iquitos, Peru (August 11, 1873), and a final letter of thanks from the Peruvian government for the successful completion of the mission (December 4, 1874). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is a letter from Senator Thomas S. Martin describing his efforts through the State Department to secure payment from the Peruvian government for the \"claim of the Hydrographic Commission of the Amazon\" (March 12, 1896).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e A packet of typed letters translated and bound together with the notation \"C\" on the back include the following correspondents and topics: \n \nManuel Santillan wrote Alexander W. Thornely about the opportunities for mining the riches of the area of the Marañon River region of Peru, including gold dust, rubber trees, and chocolate (February 6, 1899).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Abraham Madina wrote to Manuel Santillan about the danger from indigenous peoples in the region creating difficulties in harvesting all the riches of the area but also emphasizing the richness and health of the region (February 4, 1899). \n \nMaximiliano Kabsch to Otoniel Melena, describes the situation along the River Napo, mentioning both \"civilized\" indigenous peoples accustomed to working with foreigners and other indigenous peoples, not used to working with foreigners but who were peaceful. He also mentioned the requirements for successful navigation of the river and other financial opportunities in nearby Ecuador (February 1, 1899).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOtoniel Melena to Alexander W. Thornely, described an expedition to the upper Marañon River region, the source of much gold, but  also containing rapids and a large whirlpool. The whirlpool resulted in loss of life to San Ramon and several indigenous laborers on the expedition, when he disregarded their advice to avoid it. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring another expedition in 1890 led by an American, Mr. Walf, and a German naturalist, above the Pongo de Mainique (a water gap or canyon) of the Urubamba River, a group was visited by members of the \"Nautipus\" people who invited them to stay in their village for a few days (February 4, 1899). They brought twelve of the indigenous people with them back to San Antonio, Peru, including a chief named Wamba.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMelena also shared what he has heard about the headwaters of the River Napo and its prospects for mining. He suggests that Noland come to Peru accompanied by a naturalist and mining expert by way of Colón, Panama, then Guayaquil, Ecuador, to Quito, Ecuador. Once in Quito, he should visit Dr. Mestanza and get additional information about the voyage down the Napo River to Iquitos, Peru, Borja, Peru, and the upper Marañon region. (February 4, 1899).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlso present at the back of the group letters is a copy of an undated account of one of the expeditions in search of the historical gold mines of Morillo or Cerro Angaisa by Jose del Carmen Vasquez. This expedition began on August 1, 1882, when he left Moyobamba for the upper Amazon, taking with him fourteen well-armed men. He secured the services of several villagers from Aripari and interpreters for the languages of the \"wild tribes.\" \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe described their first encounter with the \"Chunchos\" indigenous people, a Peruvian Spanish word for the Asháninka people, who occupy the upper region of the Potro River. He sent interpreters to the tribe to ask them to supply canoes for the journey. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThey traveled in the canoes to the Asháninka village where they prepared food for the trip, chiefly sweet potatoes, and he insisted the Moyobambinos with him make clothing for the tribe as they typically wore no clothing. Vasquez and his group stayed with the Asháninka people for eleven days. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe mentioned one of the Asháninka by name, Huapi, who indicated that gold could be found in a distant canyon, but no one else in the expedition was willing to continue at that time. Vasquez and his men had been traveling for seventy-nine days on this first expedition. He briefly described three additional trips which provided more information about the area, but no gold.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTranslations of two letters (4 copies):\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eManuel Santillan to Mr. A.W. Thornely, April 16, 1899, reporting that the port of Iquitos had recently seen its first American Man of War, the gunboat \"Wilmington,\" believed to be in the area to investigate the reports of the wealth of the products of the upper Amazon. He also mentioned Mr. Bruner and a company of Americans exploring the placer mines of the River Napo.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eColonel Fisher, former American representative to Chile, on behalf of Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland, to Don Alvares Calderon, Minister Plenipotentiary of Peru, August 1900, wrote concerning the possibility of opening up the mining district of the upper Amazon by a Special Concession to a company in the United States associated with Noland for hydraulic mining of gold to make it easier to raise capital for the venture.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlso in this folder is a draft undated memorandum of agreement between Carl H. Nolting, Louisa County, Virginia, and Noland, and a letter from J.F. Spofford to Noland about the rates of passage to Peru, October 9, 1900.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains a print copy in Spanish and hand-written English translation of the transfer of an agreement of The Inca Gold Development Corporation of Peru, Limited, with the government of Peru for the right to dredge the Inambari River, Province of Carabaya, April 29, 1904. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther correspondents writing about the project or furnishing letters of introduction March 22-23, 1906) include A.J. Montague, E.B. Thomason, Nelson B. Noland, Irving B. Dudley, Z.A. Loredo. The folder also contained a letter from Mary Bleecker Miller Noland (1889-1985) to the National Geographic Society offering Noland's papers as a gift, June 20, 1964. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe journal kept by Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland describes his travels and adventures as a member of the Hydraulic Commission of Peru in the upper Amazon region while making accurate navigational charts for the tributaries of the Amazon.  The Commission began their mission by leaving Iquitos, Peru, with two boats, the launch \"Mairo\" and the steamer, the \"Tambo, with Noland being aboard the \"Mairo\" as the civil engineer.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe handwritten journal also contains some drawings, photographs, and news clippings. Apparently some photographs had been removed by Noland, possibly by relatives or for use as illustrations for some articles he wrote for \"Appleton's Journal\" in 1875. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe \"Mairo\" first explored the River Nanay from September 17, 1873 until its return to Iquitos, Peru, on October 3, 1873. On October 27, 1873, still aboard the \"Mairo,\" Noland and his group left Iquitos to explore the Morona, Potro, Pastaza and Tigre rivers. They returned on December 4, 1873, to Iquitos from those explorations. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e2) Noland described an indigenous settlement at Courahualie, where the people, with heavily painted faces, came to see them off the next day, speaking the Incan language and with the girls carrying monkeys upon their heads (February 23-24, 1873). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLater he described a canoe which was made from a single tree and propelled by ten indigenous men on the Ucayali River. The \"Mairo\" passed it but later heard the same group of indigenous men during the night coming into Puca-Cura, playing music and singing \"a wild kind of melody, as they paddled, very sweet\" (March 6, 1873). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe next morning, they saw one of the men, tattooed on his face and hands, being lashed by a man named Martinez (?) who owned the farmhouse, land, and the canoe (March 7, 1873). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e3) Anchored at Sara-Yuca, they saw several aboriginal canoes who came along side and offered them masato to drink. One of the individuals, with a \"musical instrument made of pieces of reed of different sizes and lengths,\" played the same song Noland had heard earlier down the river (March 9, 1873) in \"the Incan tongue.\" \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe also described the Old Church and other buildings constructed by the Jesuits who founded it two hundred years ago (March 10, 1873). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe saw other indigenous people at the Bepuano chacara who he said were \"the wildest I have seen and have their war clubs, bows and arrows arranged in their houses ready for use\" (March 11, 1873).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e4) Noland met a boy who had been captured by the Conibo ethnic group from the Cashibo ethnic group. The Cashibos along the River Pachitea were rumored to be cannibals (March 14, 1873). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe also met an older monk, at the Cashaboya station of the Order of St. Francis, trying to arrange three indigenous languages into some kind of form and prepare a dictionary for the Incan language (March 16, 1873). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThey purchased plantains, ground peas and a monkey from some of the indigenous people as they left their anchor site about fifty miles from Calleria. When they anchored for the night at a Conibo settlement two miles from the mouth of the Pachitea River, they also purchased some wild hogs (wangana) and more plantains (March 25-26, 1873). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNoland wrote about being on the border of cannibal country and recounts the story of two Peruvian officers who were killed and eaten about twelve miles above them some time ago (March 26, 1873). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e5) Noland described the Commission's arrangement with \"Old Clemente\" who had his warriors cut wood with axes for use as fuel in the \"Tambo\" and deliver it in the indigenous canoes. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis production of wood was interrupted when the warriors went on a war expedition against the Cashibos \"to steal their women and children.\" Noland also described their beliefs about burning the house of any member of the group who dies, cut up his canoe, kill his enslaved persons and destroy all their belongings out of fear of being bewitched. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOn page 10, he has also drawn a picture of the Conibo knife carried by each man.  (March 31-April 2, 1873).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e6) Noland furnished additional information about the indigenous warriors, their preparations, an aside about the production of \"masato de yuca\" by the older indigenous women, and the failure of the mission of the warriors due to thesuperior numbers of the Cashibos (April 3 and 8, 1873). He described one of the Conibo houses and how it was arranged (May 1, 1873). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNoland also wrote of being lost deep in the forest on the border between the Conibos and the Cashibos while hunting with a guide and how difficult it was to get back to the river (May 10, 1873).  Noland's entry for May 12th says that the chief of the local indigenous group predicted the \"Tambo\" was coming up the river and would arrive soon because of the waterfowl which was disturbed by the steamer's advance and flew in advance of it on the upper Ucayali River.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e7) On May 14, 1873, the \"Tambo\" had finally arrived to join Noland's group (on the advance launch \"Mairo\") near the mouth of the Pachitea River, apparently full of animal and bird species both alive and mounted as specimens. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe arrival of the \"Tambo\" was so late in the season that it was unsafe for either vessel to proceed up the Pachitea River to do the survey, so the Hydraulic Commission purchased six canoes from the Conibo indigenous group to carry the members of the commission and their provisions for five to six weeks up the Pachitea River, two to three hundred miles.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNoland went on to describe the Conibo canoes, their dimensions, stability, construction, arrangement of the indigenous crew in the canoe, and the distribution of the Commission members and soldiers among the crafts (May 15-19, 1873). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSome indigenous Cashibos, who had been captured and enslaved by Pedro, the brother of Clemente (both being members of the Conibo group) also joined the expedition (May 20-21, 1873). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e8) Noland also described the Conibos' fear of being in the territory of their neighbors, the Cashibos, reported to be cannibals and related a story involving a Peruvian gunboat who landed on a small island (Chouta Isla) and whose captain and 2nd commander were killed by the Cashibos. Both were reported as eaten by the group of Cashibos (May 21, 1873). He described an attack by the Cashibos upon the pilot canoe, during the daylight hours (May 24, 1873).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e9) He described the canoes passing under cliffs of colored lava, where some bore a type of \"hieroglyphic\" writing, possibly the most eastern trace of the Incas yet known (May 26, 1873) and exchanging presents with some of the Cashibos along the banks (May 30, 1873). This \"gift exchange\" turned into an armed altercation shortly thereafter. They arrived at the mouth of the Pichis River and began its exploration (June 4-6, 1873). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA desertion by eight of their men was caused by fear of the Campas indigenous people, known as \"the most fierce of all the Indians of Peru\" according to Noland (June 7-11, 1873). They continued on further into the territory of the Campas and he related stories and information about them and the local flora and fauna in his journal (June 12-16, 1873).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e10) While headed back towards the steamers, they ran across a larger than normal war party of Conibos about to attack the Cashibos (June 27, 1873) who would be either killed or enslaved by them, and then sold to the whites of Iquitos, Peru, although this was against the law. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNoland mentioned the trafficking of shrunken heads made from captives taken in war by interior indigenous peoples, also against Peruvian law. The Conibo expedition was later  reported to be unsuccessful (October 28, 1873).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAn account was attached after page 27, describing the story about the shrunken head of Tibi, the fearsome chief of the \"Antipas\" ethnic group, defeated by the indigenous group, the \"Aguaruna.\" \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e11) On June 28, 1873, the group reached the steamers, still anchored within the mouth of the Pachitea, after being aboard the canoes for forty-one days. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFollowing this entry, Noland began a long paragraph with his own observations about the indigenous people in the region they had been exploring. On July 1,1873, the Hydraulic Commission began traveling up the Ucayali River, stopping at Sara-Yacu on July 9, where he purchased a young \"tiger\" and employed the local umbrella, a palm thatch, during a severe thunderstorm. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOn August 24, 1873, they arrived back at Iquitos, where the boats were greeted by the entire village.  Noland then began a lengthy description of the inhabitants of Iquitos, Peru, and their customs. He also mentions meeting James Orton (1830-1877) author of \"Andes and Amazon.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e12) On September 17, 1873, the group began the second series of explorations, beginning at the River Nanay. The local indigenous people were called the Iquitos (September 23, 1873).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNoland described the multi-ethnic composition of the crew of his launch, some of their more interesting meals, and the great number of butterflies they had seen on the Nanay River (September 26, 1873). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUpon their arrival back in Iquitos, the entire crew was ill, probably due to malaria (October 1, 1873). On October 13-15, they conducted a short exploration of the River Itaya, which is important only because the river enters the Amazon at Iquitos, Peru.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn October, both the \"Tambo\" and the steamer \"Alceste\" arrived with provisions. Unfortunately, the \"Alceste\" also carried smallpox to Iquitos. Noland described the fear of smallpox by the indigenous people who were known to desert their villages until the disease departed (October 24, 1873). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e13) They began their exploration up the River Potro which emptied into the River Marañon (October 26, 1873).  Noland mentioned a story about the death of an indigenous man who was known as a good pilot for the upper waters during an attack by the \"Mouratos\" people (November 5-7, 1873). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe described Borja as being situated at the head of the Marañon River in a rich gold region. The Spanish had garrisoned two hundred soldiers there to force the indigenous people to bring in gold. Upon the independence of Peru and the withdrawal of the soldiers, the local population destroyed the town, killed the inhabitants, and forced the governor to drink liquid gold according to local legend. Borja had never been successfully rebuilt. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e14) After about a month spent exploring the four tributaries of the Upper Marañon, they arrived back in Iquitos, Peru (December 7, 1873). Noland comments on the mixture of backgrounds and races of the persons in the villages of the Amazon, which include indigenous, \"Negro,\" Spanish and Portuguese.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe also refered to the prevalence of smallpox in the town and described the harmonious and beautiful music of the local indigenous people (December 13, 1873). Noland also recorded his disparaging thoughts on the results of \"the combination of races\" in Brazil and Peru (end of section for January 4, 1874).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e15) Noland and Mr. Sparrow decided to leave Iquitos behind for the duration of the Carnival celebrations and avoid some of its excesses (February 20, 1874). On March 21, 1874, Sparrow and Noland sailed on the steamer \"Pastaza\" to finish the survey of the Marañon River and returned to Borja (March 22-April 5, 1874). He described the town of Iquitos as a kind of Peruvian Botany Bay for offending officers and Peru as weak country with a poor government (April 27, 1874).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e16) The finances of Peru were in such bad shape that there was no money for the members of the Commission to be paid or to get home. They were forced to personally borrow money to settle their accounts in the office of the commissary. The steamer \"Morona\" arrived late and in a damaged condition. They left on the \"Morona\" still hoping to make the connection with the Brazilian boat in time to get home by October.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOn the next day, the steamer \"Morona\" ran aground on a playa along the river. Although the Peruvian boat, the \"Pastaza\" came along shortly afterwards, the captain prevented them from boarding his boat and left them stranded in the falling river levels (August 22-September 23, 1874). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e17) Noland and the others remain stuck on the playa from September 23 until October 12, 1874, when they managed to get the \"Morona\" off the playa and back into the river. In this section of the journal, he made several disparaging remarks about the efficiency of the Peruvian navy and the \"Latin\" temperament. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBy October 20th, Noland's group arrived at the Brazilian frontier fort, \"Tabatinga\" which he described. He also continued to share his negative opinions about the mixture of races in South America, using an African American Padre as an example (October 23, 1874). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter a six day stay in Manaos, Brazil, they left on the boat \"Marajo\" (October 26, 1874), and reached Obidos, Brazil, on October 28, the head of tide water on the Amazon and five hundred miles from the mouth of the river. Noland mentioned that there was an American colony there of former Confederates. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e18) Noland and Sparrow decide to take the schooner \"Charles E. Moody\" bound for New York and led by Captain Collamore, a New Englander with early Yankee ancestors who merit Noland's approval. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe makes much of the crew being white and the captain a Yankee, as opposed to the crews and captains of most of the boats in Peru and Brazil (October 31-December 1, 1874). By November 29, 1874, the schooner was near Cape Henry, Virginia, and on December 1, 1874, the ship made it to a pier in New York City on the East River.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConsists of the framed original map and 4 copies of the map which was hand drawn by Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland. The map has a list of both rivers and places in the area covered. Three copies are on blueprint paper.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports include A \"Some Facts About the Peruvian Amazon,B \"Recapitulated and Condensed,\" and \"Something about Gold Fields, know to exist, but not now definitely located, in Rich Peru.\" Noland wrote these to interest investors and raise money to find and mine gold in the Peruvian Amazon region.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe two spear points were identified by the Peabody Museum, New Haven, Connecticut as a Red Brown Chert and a Red Brown Chert Tang.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Journal","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection documents Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland's time in Peru, and contains his journal, a typed transcript of the journal by Mary Noland Young, photographs (chiefly albumen prints) of items, places, and peoples in the Amazon, correspondence (including drafts and translations), and legal documents. ","Also present are oversize blueprint maps of the Peruvian Amazon region drawn by Noland, a \"Map of a Section of South America - Peru, a Vertical Cross Section of the Continent about the 2nd Degree South Latitude,\" and two spear points. ","Noland's journal records his travels on the Peruvian tributaries of the Amazon from 1873 to 1874. The journal documents his work, describing his travels, the geography, flora and fauna of the area, and his observations and interactions with the various indigenous peoples of the Peruvian Amazon. It includes hand drawn illustrations.","The contract was between Noland, Civil Engineer, and J.R. Tucker, President of the Amazon Hydrographic Commission of Peru (April 10, 1872). Also present is a letter of thanks for services rendered to the steam launch \"Mayro\" during the voyage to Iquitos, Peru (August 11, 1873), and a final letter of thanks from the Peruvian government for the successful completion of the mission (December 4, 1874). ","There is a letter from Senator Thomas S. Martin describing his efforts through the State Department to secure payment from the Peruvian government for the \"claim of the Hydrographic Commission of the Amazon\" (March 12, 1896)."," A packet of typed letters translated and bound together with the notation \"C\" on the back include the following correspondents and topics: \n \nManuel Santillan wrote Alexander W. Thornely about the opportunities for mining the riches of the area of the Marañon River region of Peru, including gold dust, rubber trees, and chocolate (February 6, 1899)."," Abraham Madina wrote to Manuel Santillan about the danger from indigenous peoples in the region creating difficulties in harvesting all the riches of the area but also emphasizing the richness and health of the region (February 4, 1899). \n \nMaximiliano Kabsch to Otoniel Melena, describes the situation along the River Napo, mentioning both \"civilized\" indigenous peoples accustomed to working with foreigners and other indigenous peoples, not used to working with foreigners but who were peaceful. He also mentioned the requirements for successful navigation of the river and other financial opportunities in nearby Ecuador (February 1, 1899).","Otoniel Melena to Alexander W. Thornely, described an expedition to the upper Marañon River region, the source of much gold, but  also containing rapids and a large whirlpool. The whirlpool resulted in loss of life to San Ramon and several indigenous laborers on the expedition, when he disregarded their advice to avoid it. ","During another expedition in 1890 led by an American, Mr. Walf, and a German naturalist, above the Pongo de Mainique (a water gap or canyon) of the Urubamba River, a group was visited by members of the \"Nautipus\" people who invited them to stay in their village for a few days (February 4, 1899). They brought twelve of the indigenous people with them back to San Antonio, Peru, including a chief named Wamba.","Melena also shared what he has heard about the headwaters of the River Napo and its prospects for mining. He suggests that Noland come to Peru accompanied by a naturalist and mining expert by way of Colón, Panama, then Guayaquil, Ecuador, to Quito, Ecuador. Once in Quito, he should visit Dr. Mestanza and get additional information about the voyage down the Napo River to Iquitos, Peru, Borja, Peru, and the upper Marañon region. (February 4, 1899).","Also present at the back of the group letters is a copy of an undated account of one of the expeditions in search of the historical gold mines of Morillo or Cerro Angaisa by Jose del Carmen Vasquez. This expedition began on August 1, 1882, when he left Moyobamba for the upper Amazon, taking with him fourteen well-armed men. He secured the services of several villagers from Aripari and interpreters for the languages of the \"wild tribes.\" ","He described their first encounter with the \"Chunchos\" indigenous people, a Peruvian Spanish word for the Asháninka people, who occupy the upper region of the Potro River. He sent interpreters to the tribe to ask them to supply canoes for the journey. ","They traveled in the canoes to the Asháninka village where they prepared food for the trip, chiefly sweet potatoes, and he insisted the Moyobambinos with him make clothing for the tribe as they typically wore no clothing. Vasquez and his group stayed with the Asháninka people for eleven days. ","He mentioned one of the Asháninka by name, Huapi, who indicated that gold could be found in a distant canyon, but no one else in the expedition was willing to continue at that time. Vasquez and his men had been traveling for seventy-nine days on this first expedition. He briefly described three additional trips which provided more information about the area, but no gold.","Translations of two letters (4 copies):","Manuel Santillan to Mr. A.W. Thornely, April 16, 1899, reporting that the port of Iquitos had recently seen its first American Man of War, the gunboat \"Wilmington,\" believed to be in the area to investigate the reports of the wealth of the products of the upper Amazon. He also mentioned Mr. Bruner and a company of Americans exploring the placer mines of the River Napo.","Colonel Fisher, former American representative to Chile, on behalf of Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland, to Don Alvares Calderon, Minister Plenipotentiary of Peru, August 1900, wrote concerning the possibility of opening up the mining district of the upper Amazon by a Special Concession to a company in the United States associated with Noland for hydraulic mining of gold to make it easier to raise capital for the venture.","Also in this folder is a draft undated memorandum of agreement between Carl H. Nolting, Louisa County, Virginia, and Noland, and a letter from J.F. Spofford to Noland about the rates of passage to Peru, October 9, 1900.","Contains a print copy in Spanish and hand-written English translation of the transfer of an agreement of The Inca Gold Development Corporation of Peru, Limited, with the government of Peru for the right to dredge the Inambari River, Province of Carabaya, April 29, 1904. ","Other correspondents writing about the project or furnishing letters of introduction March 22-23, 1906) include A.J. Montague, E.B. Thomason, Nelson B. Noland, Irving B. Dudley, Z.A. Loredo. The folder also contained a letter from Mary Bleecker Miller Noland (1889-1985) to the National Geographic Society offering Noland's papers as a gift, June 20, 1964. ","The journal kept by Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland describes his travels and adventures as a member of the Hydraulic Commission of Peru in the upper Amazon region while making accurate navigational charts for the tributaries of the Amazon.  The Commission began their mission by leaving Iquitos, Peru, with two boats, the launch \"Mairo\" and the steamer, the \"Tambo, with Noland being aboard the \"Mairo\" as the civil engineer.","The handwritten journal also contains some drawings, photographs, and news clippings. Apparently some photographs had been removed by Noland, possibly by relatives or for use as illustrations for some articles he wrote for \"Appleton's Journal\" in 1875. ","The \"Mairo\" first explored the River Nanay from September 17, 1873 until its return to Iquitos, Peru, on October 3, 1873. On October 27, 1873, still aboard the \"Mairo,\" Noland and his group left Iquitos to explore the Morona, Potro, Pastaza and Tigre rivers. They returned on December 4, 1873, to Iquitos from those explorations. ","2) Noland described an indigenous settlement at Courahualie, where the people, with heavily painted faces, came to see them off the next day, speaking the Incan language and with the girls carrying monkeys upon their heads (February 23-24, 1873). ","Later he described a canoe which was made from a single tree and propelled by ten indigenous men on the Ucayali River. The \"Mairo\" passed it but later heard the same group of indigenous men during the night coming into Puca-Cura, playing music and singing \"a wild kind of melody, as they paddled, very sweet\" (March 6, 1873). ","The next morning, they saw one of the men, tattooed on his face and hands, being lashed by a man named Martinez (?) who owned the farmhouse, land, and the canoe (March 7, 1873). ","3) Anchored at Sara-Yuca, they saw several aboriginal canoes who came along side and offered them masato to drink. One of the individuals, with a \"musical instrument made of pieces of reed of different sizes and lengths,\" played the same song Noland had heard earlier down the river (March 9, 1873) in \"the Incan tongue.\" ","He also described the Old Church and other buildings constructed by the Jesuits who founded it two hundred years ago (March 10, 1873). ","He saw other indigenous people at the Bepuano chacara who he said were \"the wildest I have seen and have their war clubs, bows and arrows arranged in their houses ready for use\" (March 11, 1873).","4) Noland met a boy who had been captured by the Conibo ethnic group from the Cashibo ethnic group. The Cashibos along the River Pachitea were rumored to be cannibals (March 14, 1873). ","He also met an older monk, at the Cashaboya station of the Order of St. Francis, trying to arrange three indigenous languages into some kind of form and prepare a dictionary for the Incan language (March 16, 1873). ","They purchased plantains, ground peas and a monkey from some of the indigenous people as they left their anchor site about fifty miles from Calleria. When they anchored for the night at a Conibo settlement two miles from the mouth of the Pachitea River, they also purchased some wild hogs (wangana) and more plantains (March 25-26, 1873). ","Noland wrote about being on the border of cannibal country and recounts the story of two Peruvian officers who were killed and eaten about twelve miles above them some time ago (March 26, 1873). ","5) Noland described the Commission's arrangement with \"Old Clemente\" who had his warriors cut wood with axes for use as fuel in the \"Tambo\" and deliver it in the indigenous canoes. ","This production of wood was interrupted when the warriors went on a war expedition against the Cashibos \"to steal their women and children.\" Noland also described their beliefs about burning the house of any member of the group who dies, cut up his canoe, kill his enslaved persons and destroy all their belongings out of fear of being bewitched. ","On page 10, he has also drawn a picture of the Conibo knife carried by each man.  (March 31-April 2, 1873).","6) Noland furnished additional information about the indigenous warriors, their preparations, an aside about the production of \"masato de yuca\" by the older indigenous women, and the failure of the mission of the warriors due to thesuperior numbers of the Cashibos (April 3 and 8, 1873). He described one of the Conibo houses and how it was arranged (May 1, 1873). ","Noland also wrote of being lost deep in the forest on the border between the Conibos and the Cashibos while hunting with a guide and how difficult it was to get back to the river (May 10, 1873).  Noland's entry for May 12th says that the chief of the local indigenous group predicted the \"Tambo\" was coming up the river and would arrive soon because of the waterfowl which was disturbed by the steamer's advance and flew in advance of it on the upper Ucayali River.","7) On May 14, 1873, the \"Tambo\" had finally arrived to join Noland's group (on the advance launch \"Mairo\") near the mouth of the Pachitea River, apparently full of animal and bird species both alive and mounted as specimens. ","The arrival of the \"Tambo\" was so late in the season that it was unsafe for either vessel to proceed up the Pachitea River to do the survey, so the Hydraulic Commission purchased six canoes from the Conibo indigenous group to carry the members of the commission and their provisions for five to six weeks up the Pachitea River, two to three hundred miles.","Noland went on to describe the Conibo canoes, their dimensions, stability, construction, arrangement of the indigenous crew in the canoe, and the distribution of the Commission members and soldiers among the crafts (May 15-19, 1873). ","Some indigenous Cashibos, who had been captured and enslaved by Pedro, the brother of Clemente (both being members of the Conibo group) also joined the expedition (May 20-21, 1873). ","8) Noland also described the Conibos' fear of being in the territory of their neighbors, the Cashibos, reported to be cannibals and related a story involving a Peruvian gunboat who landed on a small island (Chouta Isla) and whose captain and 2nd commander were killed by the Cashibos. Both were reported as eaten by the group of Cashibos (May 21, 1873). He described an attack by the Cashibos upon the pilot canoe, during the daylight hours (May 24, 1873).","9) He described the canoes passing under cliffs of colored lava, where some bore a type of \"hieroglyphic\" writing, possibly the most eastern trace of the Incas yet known (May 26, 1873) and exchanging presents with some of the Cashibos along the banks (May 30, 1873). This \"gift exchange\" turned into an armed altercation shortly thereafter. They arrived at the mouth of the Pichis River and began its exploration (June 4-6, 1873). ","A desertion by eight of their men was caused by fear of the Campas indigenous people, known as \"the most fierce of all the Indians of Peru\" according to Noland (June 7-11, 1873). They continued on further into the territory of the Campas and he related stories and information about them and the local flora and fauna in his journal (June 12-16, 1873).","10) While headed back towards the steamers, they ran across a larger than normal war party of Conibos about to attack the Cashibos (June 27, 1873) who would be either killed or enslaved by them, and then sold to the whites of Iquitos, Peru, although this was against the law. ","Noland mentioned the trafficking of shrunken heads made from captives taken in war by interior indigenous peoples, also against Peruvian law. The Conibo expedition was later  reported to be unsuccessful (October 28, 1873).","An account was attached after page 27, describing the story about the shrunken head of Tibi, the fearsome chief of the \"Antipas\" ethnic group, defeated by the indigenous group, the \"Aguaruna.\" ","11) On June 28, 1873, the group reached the steamers, still anchored within the mouth of the Pachitea, after being aboard the canoes for forty-one days. ","Following this entry, Noland began a long paragraph with his own observations about the indigenous people in the region they had been exploring. On July 1,1873, the Hydraulic Commission began traveling up the Ucayali River, stopping at Sara-Yacu on July 9, where he purchased a young \"tiger\" and employed the local umbrella, a palm thatch, during a severe thunderstorm. ","On August 24, 1873, they arrived back at Iquitos, where the boats were greeted by the entire village.  Noland then began a lengthy description of the inhabitants of Iquitos, Peru, and their customs. He also mentions meeting James Orton (1830-1877) author of \"Andes and Amazon.\"","12) On September 17, 1873, the group began the second series of explorations, beginning at the River Nanay. The local indigenous people were called the Iquitos (September 23, 1873).","Noland described the multi-ethnic composition of the crew of his launch, some of their more interesting meals, and the great number of butterflies they had seen on the Nanay River (September 26, 1873). ","Upon their arrival back in Iquitos, the entire crew was ill, probably due to malaria (October 1, 1873). On October 13-15, they conducted a short exploration of the River Itaya, which is important only because the river enters the Amazon at Iquitos, Peru.","In October, both the \"Tambo\" and the steamer \"Alceste\" arrived with provisions. Unfortunately, the \"Alceste\" also carried smallpox to Iquitos. Noland described the fear of smallpox by the indigenous people who were known to desert their villages until the disease departed (October 24, 1873). ","13) They began their exploration up the River Potro which emptied into the River Marañon (October 26, 1873).  Noland mentioned a story about the death of an indigenous man who was known as a good pilot for the upper waters during an attack by the \"Mouratos\" people (November 5-7, 1873). ","He described Borja as being situated at the head of the Marañon River in a rich gold region. The Spanish had garrisoned two hundred soldiers there to force the indigenous people to bring in gold. Upon the independence of Peru and the withdrawal of the soldiers, the local population destroyed the town, killed the inhabitants, and forced the governor to drink liquid gold according to local legend. Borja had never been successfully rebuilt. ","14) After about a month spent exploring the four tributaries of the Upper Marañon, they arrived back in Iquitos, Peru (December 7, 1873). Noland comments on the mixture of backgrounds and races of the persons in the villages of the Amazon, which include indigenous, \"Negro,\" Spanish and Portuguese.","He also refered to the prevalence of smallpox in the town and described the harmonious and beautiful music of the local indigenous people (December 13, 1873). Noland also recorded his disparaging thoughts on the results of \"the combination of races\" in Brazil and Peru (end of section for January 4, 1874).","15) Noland and Mr. Sparrow decided to leave Iquitos behind for the duration of the Carnival celebrations and avoid some of its excesses (February 20, 1874). On March 21, 1874, Sparrow and Noland sailed on the steamer \"Pastaza\" to finish the survey of the Marañon River and returned to Borja (March 22-April 5, 1874). He described the town of Iquitos as a kind of Peruvian Botany Bay for offending officers and Peru as weak country with a poor government (April 27, 1874).","16) The finances of Peru were in such bad shape that there was no money for the members of the Commission to be paid or to get home. They were forced to personally borrow money to settle their accounts in the office of the commissary. The steamer \"Morona\" arrived late and in a damaged condition. They left on the \"Morona\" still hoping to make the connection with the Brazilian boat in time to get home by October.  ","On the next day, the steamer \"Morona\" ran aground on a playa along the river. Although the Peruvian boat, the \"Pastaza\" came along shortly afterwards, the captain prevented them from boarding his boat and left them stranded in the falling river levels (August 22-September 23, 1874). ","17) Noland and the others remain stuck on the playa from September 23 until October 12, 1874, when they managed to get the \"Morona\" off the playa and back into the river. In this section of the journal, he made several disparaging remarks about the efficiency of the Peruvian navy and the \"Latin\" temperament. ","By October 20th, Noland's group arrived at the Brazilian frontier fort, \"Tabatinga\" which he described. He also continued to share his negative opinions about the mixture of races in South America, using an African American Padre as an example (October 23, 1874). ","After a six day stay in Manaos, Brazil, they left on the boat \"Marajo\" (October 26, 1874), and reached Obidos, Brazil, on October 28, the head of tide water on the Amazon and five hundred miles from the mouth of the river. Noland mentioned that there was an American colony there of former Confederates. ","18) Noland and Sparrow decide to take the schooner \"Charles E. Moody\" bound for New York and led by Captain Collamore, a New Englander with early Yankee ancestors who merit Noland's approval. ","He makes much of the crew being white and the captain a Yankee, as opposed to the crews and captains of most of the boats in Peru and Brazil (October 31-December 1, 1874). By November 29, 1874, the schooner was near Cape Henry, Virginia, and on December 1, 1874, the ship made it to a pier in New York City on the East River.","Consists of the framed original map and 4 copies of the map which was hand drawn by Thomas Nelson Berkeley Noland. The map has a list of both rivers and places in the area covered. Three copies are on blueprint paper.","Reports include A \"Some Facts About the Peruvian Amazon,B \"Recapitulated and Condensed,\" and \"Something about Gold Fields, know to exist, but not now definitely located, in Rich Peru.\" Noland wrote these to interest investors and raise money to find and mine gold in the Peruvian Amazon region.","The two spear points were identified by the Peabody Museum, New Haven, Connecticut as a Red Brown Chert and a Red Brown Chert Tang."],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Noland, Thomas Nelson Berkeley , 1846-1913"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"persname_ssim":["Noland, Thomas Nelson Berkeley , 1846-1913"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":9,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:48:36.769Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1028"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_940","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"William S. Kibler papers","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_940#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Kibler, William S. (William S. Kibler), 1911-2002","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_940#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains the papers of William S. Kibler (1911-2002), a high school teacher and educator, Stanley, Virginia, ca. 1925-2002, 23,684 items (103 Hollinger boxes; 43 linear feet) including his diaries, 1936-2002 April, recording in detail Kibler's daily activities as well as his impressions of events, travel journals and manuscripts for chiefly foreign trips, slides, postcards, and photographs, chiefly concerning his trips, both high school and college papers, literary work, and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_940#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_940","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_940","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_940","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_940","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_940.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/838","title_filing_ssi":"Kibler, William S., papers","title_ssm":["William S. Kibler papers"],"title_tesim":["William S. Kibler papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1925-2002"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1925-2002"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 15270","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/940"],"text":["MSS 15270","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/940","William S. Kibler papers","High school teachers - Virginia- Stanley","Stanley (Va.) - History","World War, 1939-1945 -- Personal narratives, American","Travel","Gay men, White","diaries","This collection is organized in five series: Series I:  Diaries (Boxes 1-60); Series II: Travel Journals and Manuscripts (Boxes 61-68); Series III: Slides, Postcards, and Photographs (Boxes 69-87); Series IV: Literary Work and School Papers (Boxes 88-92); and Series V: Correspondence and Military Records (Boxes 93-103).","William Kibler (1911-2002) was a student at the University of Virginia from 1929 to 1932; he graduated on June 14, 1932.  That same year he assumed his first teaching position at a one room school in Cubbage Hollow, just east of Stanley, Virginia.  From 1933 to 1940 he was a teacher, basketball coach and football coach at Shenandoah High School.  He was a Masters student at Harvard from 1935/6 to 1938; further interruptions would make this a sixteen year process – he attained his degree in 1951.  In 1936 his father Rufus Kibler died.  In 1941 William took the position of principal at Grove Hill Elementary School.","In 1943 he was drafted as a Private in Company A, 1302nd S.U.R.C.  In 1944 he was a Private in the 345th Harbor Craft Company.  In this same company William was made corporal in June 1944, and sergeant in mid-June 1944.  He trained primarily in Florida, spent three months in England, and was then transferred to France.  He was next stationed in Belgium, where he saw significant combat.  He earned a medal for his involvement in the Battle of the Bulge (1944-1945).  His letter correspondence is largely with his mother, Julia Kibler (Mrs. Benton Koontz).  From 1945 to 1946 he remained in the army and worked with recovering soldiers at Woodrow Wilson Hospital in Fishersville, Virginia.\n    He was discharged in May 1946, whereupon he took the position of English teacher at Florida Southern College; he eventually became the head of the department.  In 1949 William returned to the University of Virginia to study German and French; during this time he taught Freshman English.  From 1950 to 1952 he studied, wrote, and published \"I Don't Know Why,\" a book of 25 short stories about his observations of country life in Virginia.\n    From 1951 to 1956/7 he worked for a secret branch of the government – the Armed Forces Security Agency, a forerunner of the National Security Agency – intercepting messages during the Korean War.  He informed the United States government mostly about economic and living conditions in North Korea.  He would transition from educating military officers to teaching their children at the Columbia Preparatory School in Washington, D.C., where he taught for six years, becoming the head of their English Department.\n    From 1964 to 1965 William traveled around the world in about eighty days; this adventure would inspire him to spend the next twenty years visiting more than thirty countries – he toured most of Europe, Central and South America, portions of Asia and Africa, and sections of the Middle East.  Notably, during his 1976 trip to the Middle East, he narrowly missed an attack by a terrorist group.  He would eventually return to Virginia, where he continued to teach and write.  On September 3, 1980, he was honored as a Page County Retired Teacher.  In 1997 he was commended as a former teacher at Shenandoah High School.","The collection contains the papers of William S. Kibler (1911-2002), a high school teacher and educator, Stanley, Virginia, ca. 1925-2002, 23,684 items (103 Hollinger boxes; 43 linear feet) including his diaries, 1936-2002 April, recording in detail Kibler's daily activities as well as his impressions of events, travel journals and manuscripts for chiefly foreign trips, slides, postcards, and photographs, chiefly concerning his trips, both high school and college papers, literary work, and correspondence.","These are poems included in a collection, considered but not used in the collection, and poems sent to Lambert Wilson.","Military papers include Entertainment, Miscellaneous Writings, and Records.","There are no restrictions.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Kibler, William S. (William S. Kibler), 1911-2002","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 15270","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/940"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William S. Kibler papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["William S. Kibler papers"],"collection_ssim":["William S. Kibler papers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["High school teachers - Virginia- Stanley","Stanley (Va.) - History"],"geogname_ssim":["High school teachers - Virginia- Stanley","Stanley (Va.) - History"],"creator_ssm":["Kibler, William S. (William S. Kibler), 1911-2002"],"creator_ssim":["Kibler, William S. (William S. Kibler), 1911-2002"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Kibler, William S. (William S. Kibler), 1911-2002"],"creators_ssim":["Kibler, William S. (William S. Kibler), 1911-2002"],"places_ssim":["High school teachers - Virginia- Stanley","Stanley (Va.) - History"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was given by the Town Council of Stanley, Virginia, through Mike Salvino, William S. Kibler Library, to the University of Virginia Library, in 2011."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945 -- Personal narratives, American","Travel","Gay men, White","diaries"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945 -- Personal narratives, American","Travel","Gay men, White","diaries"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["51.5 Cubic Feet"],"extent_tesim":["51.5 Cubic Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["diaries"],"date_range_isim":[1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is organized in five series: Series I:  Diaries (Boxes 1-60); Series II: Travel Journals and Manuscripts (Boxes 61-68); Series III: Slides, Postcards, and Photographs (Boxes 69-87); Series IV: Literary Work and School Papers (Boxes 88-92); and Series V: Correspondence and Military Records (Boxes 93-103).\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is organized in five series: Series I:  Diaries (Boxes 1-60); Series II: Travel Journals and Manuscripts (Boxes 61-68); Series III: Slides, Postcards, and Photographs (Boxes 69-87); Series IV: Literary Work and School Papers (Boxes 88-92); and Series V: Correspondence and Military Records (Boxes 93-103)."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Kibler (1911-2002) was a student at the University of Virginia from 1929 to 1932; he graduated on June 14, 1932.  That same year he assumed his first teaching position at a one room school in Cubbage Hollow, just east of Stanley, Virginia.  From 1933 to 1940 he was a teacher, basketball coach and football coach at Shenandoah High School.  He was a Masters student at Harvard from 1935/6 to 1938; further interruptions would make this a sixteen year process – he attained his degree in 1951.  In 1936 his father Rufus Kibler died.  In 1941 William took the position of principal at Grove Hill Elementary School.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1943 he was drafted as a Private in Company A, 1302nd S.U.R.C.  In 1944 he was a Private in the 345th Harbor Craft Company.  In this same company William was made corporal in June 1944, and sergeant in mid-June 1944.  He trained primarily in Florida, spent three months in England, and was then transferred to France.  He was next stationed in Belgium, where he saw significant combat.  He earned a medal for his involvement in the Battle of the Bulge (1944-1945).  His letter correspondence is largely with his mother, Julia Kibler (Mrs. Benton Koontz).  From 1945 to 1946 he remained in the army and worked with recovering soldiers at Woodrow Wilson Hospital in Fishersville, Virginia.\n    He was discharged in May 1946, whereupon he took the position of English teacher at Florida Southern College; he eventually became the head of the department.  In 1949 William returned to the University of Virginia to study German and French; during this time he taught Freshman English.  From 1950 to 1952 he studied, wrote, and published \"I Don't Know Why,\" a book of 25 short stories about his observations of country life in Virginia.\n    From 1951 to 1956/7 he worked for a secret branch of the government – the Armed Forces Security Agency, a forerunner of the National Security Agency – intercepting messages during the Korean War.  He informed the United States government mostly about economic and living conditions in North Korea.  He would transition from educating military officers to teaching their children at the Columbia Preparatory School in Washington, D.C., where he taught for six years, becoming the head of their English Department.\n    From 1964 to 1965 William traveled around the world in about eighty days; this adventure would inspire him to spend the next twenty years visiting more than thirty countries – he toured most of Europe, Central and South America, portions of Asia and Africa, and sections of the Middle East.  Notably, during his 1976 trip to the Middle East, he narrowly missed an attack by a terrorist group.  He would eventually return to Virginia, where he continued to teach and write.  On September 3, 1980, he was honored as a Page County Retired Teacher.  In 1997 he was commended as a former teacher at Shenandoah High School.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["William Kibler (1911-2002) was a student at the University of Virginia from 1929 to 1932; he graduated on June 14, 1932.  That same year he assumed his first teaching position at a one room school in Cubbage Hollow, just east of Stanley, Virginia.  From 1933 to 1940 he was a teacher, basketball coach and football coach at Shenandoah High School.  He was a Masters student at Harvard from 1935/6 to 1938; further interruptions would make this a sixteen year process – he attained his degree in 1951.  In 1936 his father Rufus Kibler died.  In 1941 William took the position of principal at Grove Hill Elementary School.","In 1943 he was drafted as a Private in Company A, 1302nd S.U.R.C.  In 1944 he was a Private in the 345th Harbor Craft Company.  In this same company William was made corporal in June 1944, and sergeant in mid-June 1944.  He trained primarily in Florida, spent three months in England, and was then transferred to France.  He was next stationed in Belgium, where he saw significant combat.  He earned a medal for his involvement in the Battle of the Bulge (1944-1945).  His letter correspondence is largely with his mother, Julia Kibler (Mrs. Benton Koontz).  From 1945 to 1946 he remained in the army and worked with recovering soldiers at Woodrow Wilson Hospital in Fishersville, Virginia.\n    He was discharged in May 1946, whereupon he took the position of English teacher at Florida Southern College; he eventually became the head of the department.  In 1949 William returned to the University of Virginia to study German and French; during this time he taught Freshman English.  From 1950 to 1952 he studied, wrote, and published \"I Don't Know Why,\" a book of 25 short stories about his observations of country life in Virginia.\n    From 1951 to 1956/7 he worked for a secret branch of the government – the Armed Forces Security Agency, a forerunner of the National Security Agency – intercepting messages during the Korean War.  He informed the United States government mostly about economic and living conditions in North Korea.  He would transition from educating military officers to teaching their children at the Columbia Preparatory School in Washington, D.C., where he taught for six years, becoming the head of their English Department.\n    From 1964 to 1965 William traveled around the world in about eighty days; this adventure would inspire him to spend the next twenty years visiting more than thirty countries – he toured most of Europe, Central and South America, portions of Asia and Africa, and sections of the Middle East.  Notably, during his 1976 trip to the Middle East, he narrowly missed an attack by a terrorist group.  He would eventually return to Virginia, where he continued to teach and write.  On September 3, 1980, he was honored as a Page County Retired Teacher.  In 1997 he was commended as a former teacher at Shenandoah High School."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam S. Kibler papers, MSS 15270, Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["William S. Kibler papers, MSS 15270, Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains the papers of William S. Kibler (1911-2002), a high school teacher and educator, Stanley, Virginia, ca. 1925-2002, 23,684 items (103 Hollinger boxes; 43 linear feet) including his diaries, 1936-2002 April, recording in detail Kibler's daily activities as well as his impressions of events, travel journals and manuscripts for chiefly foreign trips, slides, postcards, and photographs, chiefly concerning his trips, both high school and college papers, literary work, and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese are poems included in a collection, considered but not used in the collection, and poems sent to Lambert Wilson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMilitary papers include Entertainment, Miscellaneous Writings, and Records.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains the papers of William S. Kibler (1911-2002), a high school teacher and educator, Stanley, Virginia, ca. 1925-2002, 23,684 items (103 Hollinger boxes; 43 linear feet) including his diaries, 1936-2002 April, recording in detail Kibler's daily activities as well as his impressions of events, travel journals and manuscripts for chiefly foreign trips, slides, postcards, and photographs, chiefly concerning his trips, both high school and college papers, literary work, and correspondence.","These are poems included in a collection, considered but not used in the collection, and poems sent to Lambert Wilson.","Military papers include Entertainment, Miscellaneous Writings, and Records."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Kibler, William S. (William S. Kibler), 1911-2002"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"persname_ssim":["Kibler, William S. (William S. Kibler), 1911-2002"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":167,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:57:17.807Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_940","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_940","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_940","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_940","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_940.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/838","title_filing_ssi":"Kibler, William S., papers","title_ssm":["William S. Kibler papers"],"title_tesim":["William S. Kibler papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1925-2002"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1925-2002"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 15270","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/940"],"text":["MSS 15270","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/940","William S. Kibler papers","High school teachers - Virginia- Stanley","Stanley (Va.) - History","World War, 1939-1945 -- Personal narratives, American","Travel","Gay men, White","diaries","This collection is organized in five series: Series I:  Diaries (Boxes 1-60); Series II: Travel Journals and Manuscripts (Boxes 61-68); Series III: Slides, Postcards, and Photographs (Boxes 69-87); Series IV: Literary Work and School Papers (Boxes 88-92); and Series V: Correspondence and Military Records (Boxes 93-103).","William Kibler (1911-2002) was a student at the University of Virginia from 1929 to 1932; he graduated on June 14, 1932.  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In this same company William was made corporal in June 1944, and sergeant in mid-June 1944.  He trained primarily in Florida, spent three months in England, and was then transferred to France.  He was next stationed in Belgium, where he saw significant combat.  He earned a medal for his involvement in the Battle of the Bulge (1944-1945).  His letter correspondence is largely with his mother, Julia Kibler (Mrs. Benton Koontz).  From 1945 to 1946 he remained in the army and worked with recovering soldiers at Woodrow Wilson Hospital in Fishersville, Virginia.\n    He was discharged in May 1946, whereupon he took the position of English teacher at Florida Southern College; he eventually became the head of the department.  In 1949 William returned to the University of Virginia to study German and French; during this time he taught Freshman English.  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Notably, during his 1976 trip to the Middle East, he narrowly missed an attack by a terrorist group.  He would eventually return to Virginia, where he continued to teach and write.  On September 3, 1980, he was honored as a Page County Retired Teacher.  In 1997 he was commended as a former teacher at Shenandoah High School."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam S. Kibler papers, MSS 15270, Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["William S. Kibler papers, MSS 15270, Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains the papers of William S. 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