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Lampe papers, 1936/1989","C0092","/repositories/2/resources/48","Germany -- History -- 1945-1990","Aging -- United States -- Legislation","Gerontology -- United States","Theater","Transportation -- United States -- Planning","Musical Theater -- Washington (D.C.)","World War, 1939-1945","There are no access restrictions.","Most of this collection is arranged according to subject. Additional materials were processed in accession order.","McCaffrey, Scott. \"Henry Lampe Remembered as Gentle, Guiding Force on Local Political Scene,\" November 5, 2012. Inside NOVA, https://www.insidenova.com/news/arlington/henry-lampe-remembered-as-gentle-guiding-force-on-local-political/article_a5fc941f-8004-536b-aae9-103aa2c7deb1.html.","Henry \"Hank\" Oscar Lampe was born in Bremen, Germany on April 8, 1927 of American parents, Henry D. and Dorothea Lampe (pronounced Lamp-ee). 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Metro Area."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eContent Warning: Imagery and content related to the Nazi Party during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains materials pertaining to Henry O. Lampe's diverse career as a government employee, transportation planner, and civic activist, as well as his personal interests and lifelong love of theatre. The majority of the materials include programs and playbills from Lampe's attendance at many theatrical performances, playscripts and publications on theater, as well as records and reports on gerontology, legislation on aging from the Arlington Commission on Aging and the White House Conference on Aging, publications on international affairs, and records on transportation planning in Northern Virginia and the Washington metropolitan area. Also included are materials on Germany and the Nazi Party in World War II.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Content Warning: Imagery and content related to the Nazi Party during World War II.","This collection contains materials pertaining to Henry O. Lampe's diverse career as a government employee, transportation planner, and civic activist, as well as his personal interests and lifelong love of theatre. The majority of the materials include programs and playbills from Lampe's attendance at many theatrical performances, playscripts and publications on theater, as well as records and reports on gerontology, legislation on aging from the Arlington Commission on Aging and the White House Conference on Aging, publications on international affairs, and records on transportation planning in Northern Virginia and the Washington metropolitan area. Also included are materials on Germany and the Nazi Party in World War II."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_6de6d6455476cca0a55df872c903e261\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains materials pertaining to Henry O. Lampe's diverse career as a government employee, transportation planner, and civic activist, as well as his personal interests and lifelong love of theatre.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains materials pertaining to Henry O. 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As evidenced through his collection, he continually sought out amateur acting opportunities (often alongside Virginia) and attended a wide variety of Northern Virginia, Maryland, Washington, D.C., and Broadway venues throughout his life. While living in Berlin in the 1940s, he was a part of the American Little Theater Association of Berlin.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLampe passed away in October 2012.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Henry \"Hank\" Oscar Lampe was born in Bremen, Germany on April 8, 1927 of American parents, Henry D. and Dorothea Lampe (pronounced Lamp-ee). Lampe's mother was the \"first female civilian to enter Berlin after the end of World War II to assist with diplomatic efforts\" (McCaffrey). Lampe grew up in Germany and witnessed the rise of the Nazi Party and World War II. In 1941 the family moved to Arlington, Virginia and Lampe attended American University in Washington, D.C. After serving in the Navy, in 1946 Lampe returned to Germany as an employee of the U.S. Government. After returning to the U.S., Lampe married his first wife Virginia in 1953, who was also active in Virginia politics.","Employed as a government worker as well as a stockbroker, Lampe had a long record of civic activities beginning in 1964. A Republican, he was member of the Northern Virginia Regional Planning Commission and the General Assembly of Virginia, Vice Chair of the Virginia Metropolitan Areas Transportation Study Commission, a delegate to the White House Conference on Aging, a member of the Arlington Commission on Aging, Chair and President of the Northern Virginia Mental Health Association, and served on the Board of Trustees at Arlington Hospital and the George Mason University Board of Visitors. Both Henry and Virginia Lampe were active in Linwood Holton's 1965 run for Virginia governor.","Lampe was a lifelong thespian and lover of theatre. As evidenced through his collection, he continually sought out amateur acting opportunities (often alongside Virginia) and attended a wide variety of Northern Virginia, Maryland, Washington, D.C., and Broadway venues throughout his life. While living in Berlin in the 1940s, he was a part of the American Little Theater Association of Berlin.","Lampe passed away in October 2012."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenry O. Lampe papers, C0092, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Henry O. Lampe papers, C0092, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in April 2009. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReprocessed by Amanda Menjivar from June-August 2023. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in August 2023. Madeline Puppos contributed to the box inventory.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in April 2009.","Reprocessed by Amanda Menjivar from June-August 2023. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in August 2023. Madeline Puppos contributed to the box inventory."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Virginia Lampe papers\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0158\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, as well as many collections on theatre in the Washington, D.C. Metro Area.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds the , as well as many collections on theatre in the Washington, D.C. Metro Area."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eContent Warning: Imagery and content related to the Nazi Party during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains materials pertaining to Henry O. Lampe's diverse career as a government employee, transportation planner, and civic activist, as well as his personal interests and lifelong love of theatre. The majority of the materials include programs and playbills from Lampe's attendance at many theatrical performances, playscripts and publications on theater, as well as records and reports on gerontology, legislation on aging from the Arlington Commission on Aging and the White House Conference on Aging, publications on international affairs, and records on transportation planning in Northern Virginia and the Washington metropolitan area. Also included are materials on Germany and the Nazi Party in World War II.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Content Warning: Imagery and content related to the Nazi Party during World War II.","This collection contains materials pertaining to Henry O. Lampe's diverse career as a government employee, transportation planner, and civic activist, as well as his personal interests and lifelong love of theatre. The majority of the materials include programs and playbills from Lampe's attendance at many theatrical performances, playscripts and publications on theater, as well as records and reports on gerontology, legislation on aging from the Arlington Commission on Aging and the White House Conference on Aging, publications on international affairs, and records on transportation planning in Northern Virginia and the Washington metropolitan area. Also included are materials on Germany and the Nazi Party in World War II."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_6de6d6455476cca0a55df872c903e261\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains materials pertaining to Henry O. Lampe's diverse career as a government employee, transportation planner, and civic activist, as well as his personal interests and lifelong love of theatre.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains materials pertaining to Henry O. Lampe's diverse career as a government employee, transportation planner, and civic activist, as well as his personal interests and lifelong love of theatre."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_dbd9062600750a056079ffc54dc03abe\"\u003eR 31, C 1, S 1 - S 4\n\nMap Case 3.4\n\nOS R 2, C 1, S 4\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 31, C 1, S 1 - S 4\n\nMap Case 3.4\n\nOS R 2, C 1, S 4"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Virginia. Metropolitan Areas Study Commission","Northern Virginia Regional Planning Commission"],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia. Metropolitan Areas Study Commission","Northern Virginia Regional Planning Commission","Lampe, Henry O."],"persname_ssim":["Lampe, Henry O."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Virginia. Metropolitan Areas Study Commission","Northern Virginia Regional Planning Commission","Lampe, Henry O."],"language_ssim":["English\n      German"],"total_component_count_is":254,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:53.150Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_48"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_45","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Herbert Feis papers, 1952/1972","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_45#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Feis, Herbert, 1893-1972","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_45#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection contains research materials and correspondence of Herbert Feis, including three letters from Ruth Feis to her husband's assistant, Arline Pratt.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_45#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_45","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_45","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_45","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_45","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_45.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Herbert Feis papers","title_ssm":["Herbert Feis papers"],"title_tesim":["Herbert Feis papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1952-1972"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1952-1972"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1952/1972"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Herbert Feis papers, 1952/1972"],"text":["Herbert Feis papers, 1952/1972","C0089","/repositories/2/resources/45","Cold War","International finance","World War, 1939-1945","Foreign policy","Correspondence","There are no access restrictions.","Arranged by subject and date.","Herbert Feis was an author and historian, whose work focused on American foreign policy and international economic affairs. Born in 1893, arly in his career Feis worked as Economic Advisor for International Affairs at the U.S. State Department under the Hoover and Roosevelt administrations. His thirteen published books include \"The Road to Pearl Harbor\" (1950), \"Europe, the World's Banker, 1870-1914\" (1964), \"From Trust to Terror: The Onset of the Cold War\" (1970), and the Pulitzer Prize-winning \"Between War and Peace: The Potsdam Conference\" (1960). Since his passing, the American Historical Association has named an award after Feis - the Herbert Feis Prize - which is awarded annually for excellence in public history and independent scholarship. He died in 1972.","Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in January 2023.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds the .","This collection contains research materials and correspondence of Herbert Feis, including three letters from Ruth Feis to her husband's assistant, Arline Pratt.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated. (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","This collection contains research materials and correspondence of Herbert Feis, including three letters from Ruth Feis to her husband's assistant, Arline Pratt.","R 30, C 4, S 4","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Feis, Herbert, 1893-1972","Pratt, Arline Van Blarcom","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Herbert Feis papers, 1952/1972"],"collection_ssim":["Herbert Feis papers, 1952/1972"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0089","/repositories/2/resources/45"],"unitid_tesim":["C0089","/repositories/2/resources/45"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Feis, Herbert, 1893-1972"],"creator_ssim":["Feis, Herbert, 1893-1972"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Feis, Herbert, 1893-1972","Pratt, Arline Van Blarcom"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["Feis, Herbert, 1893-1972","Pratt, Arline Van Blarcom","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated. (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection donated by Arline Pratt."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Cold War","International finance","World War, 1939-1945","Foreign policy","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Cold War","International finance","World War, 1939-1945","Foreign policy","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Linear Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["1 Linear Feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged by subject and date.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged by subject and date."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHerbert Feis was an author and historian, whose work focused on American foreign policy and international economic affairs. Born in 1893, arly in his career Feis worked as Economic Advisor for International Affairs at the U.S. State Department under the Hoover and Roosevelt administrations. His thirteen published books include \"The Road to Pearl Harbor\" (1950), \"Europe, the World's Banker, 1870-1914\" (1964), \"From Trust to Terror: The Onset of the Cold War\" (1970), and the Pulitzer Prize-winning \"Between War and Peace: The Potsdam Conference\" (1960). Since his passing, the American Historical Association has named an award after Feis - the Herbert Feis Prize - which is awarded annually for excellence in public history and independent scholarship. He died in 1972.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Herbert Feis was an author and historian, whose work focused on American foreign policy and international economic affairs. Born in 1893, arly in his career Feis worked as Economic Advisor for International Affairs at the U.S. State Department under the Hoover and Roosevelt administrations. His thirteen published books include \"The Road to Pearl Harbor\" (1950), \"Europe, the World's Banker, 1870-1914\" (1964), \"From Trust to Terror: The Onset of the Cold War\" (1970), and the Pulitzer Prize-winning \"Between War and Peace: The Potsdam Conference\" (1960). Since his passing, the American Historical Association has named an award after Feis - the Herbert Feis Prize - which is awarded annually for excellence in public history and independent scholarship. He died in 1972."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHerbert Feis papers, C0089, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Herbert Feis papers, C0089, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in January 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in January 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Leonard H. Clark military history collection\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0060\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds the ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains research materials and correspondence of Herbert Feis, including three letters from Ruth Feis to her husband's assistant, Arline Pratt.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains research materials and correspondence of Herbert Feis, including three letters from Ruth Feis to her husband's assistant, Arline Pratt."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated. (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated. (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8203b2aa2a80691b7f6710b05a5f7cc0\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains research materials and correspondence of Herbert Feis, including three letters from Ruth Feis to her husband's assistant, Arline Pratt.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains research materials and correspondence of Herbert Feis, including three letters from Ruth Feis to her husband's assistant, Arline Pratt."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_f9404603663ab24705419aa9f222ab5b\"\u003eR 30, C 4, S 4\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 30, C 4, S 4"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Feis, Herbert, 1893-1972","Pratt, Arline Van Blarcom"],"names_coll_ssim":["Pratt, Arline Van Blarcom"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Feis, Herbert, 1893-1972","Pratt, Arline Van Blarcom"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":47,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:53.150Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_45","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_45","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_45","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_45","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_45.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Herbert Feis papers","title_ssm":["Herbert Feis papers"],"title_tesim":["Herbert Feis papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1952-1972"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1952-1972"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1952/1972"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Herbert Feis papers, 1952/1972"],"text":["Herbert Feis papers, 1952/1972","C0089","/repositories/2/resources/45","Cold War","International finance","World War, 1939-1945","Foreign policy","Correspondence","There are no access restrictions.","Arranged by subject and date.","Herbert Feis was an author and historian, whose work focused on American foreign policy and international economic affairs. Born in 1893, arly in his career Feis worked as Economic Advisor for International Affairs at the U.S. State Department under the Hoover and Roosevelt administrations. His thirteen published books include \"The Road to Pearl Harbor\" (1950), \"Europe, the World's Banker, 1870-1914\" (1964), \"From Trust to Terror: The Onset of the Cold War\" (1970), and the Pulitzer Prize-winning \"Between War and Peace: The Potsdam Conference\" (1960). Since his passing, the American Historical Association has named an award after Feis - the Herbert Feis Prize - which is awarded annually for excellence in public history and independent scholarship. He died in 1972.","Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in January 2023.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds the .","This collection contains research materials and correspondence of Herbert Feis, including three letters from Ruth Feis to her husband's assistant, Arline Pratt.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated. (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","This collection contains research materials and correspondence of Herbert Feis, including three letters from Ruth Feis to her husband's assistant, Arline Pratt.","R 30, C 4, S 4","George Mason University. Libraries. 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Born in 1893, arly in his career Feis worked as Economic Advisor for International Affairs at the U.S. State Department under the Hoover and Roosevelt administrations. His thirteen published books include \"The Road to Pearl Harbor\" (1950), \"Europe, the World's Banker, 1870-1914\" (1964), \"From Trust to Terror: The Onset of the Cold War\" (1970), and the Pulitzer Prize-winning \"Between War and Peace: The Potsdam Conference\" (1960). Since his passing, the American Historical Association has named an award after Feis - the Herbert Feis Prize - which is awarded annually for excellence in public history and independent scholarship. He died in 1972."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHerbert Feis papers, C0089, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Herbert Feis papers, C0089, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in January 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in January 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Leonard H. Clark military history collection\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0060\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds the ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains research materials and correspondence of Herbert Feis, including three letters from Ruth Feis to her husband's assistant, Arline Pratt.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains research materials and correspondence of Herbert Feis, including three letters from Ruth Feis to her husband's assistant, Arline Pratt."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated. (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated. (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8203b2aa2a80691b7f6710b05a5f7cc0\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains research materials and correspondence of Herbert Feis, including three letters from Ruth Feis to her husband's assistant, Arline Pratt.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains research materials and correspondence of Herbert Feis, including three letters from Ruth Feis to her husband's assistant, Arline Pratt."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_f9404603663ab24705419aa9f222ab5b\"\u003eR 30, C 4, S 4\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 30, C 4, S 4"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Feis, Herbert, 1893-1972","Pratt, Arline Van Blarcom"],"names_coll_ssim":["Pratt, Arline Van Blarcom"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Feis, Herbert, 1893-1972","Pratt, Arline Van Blarcom"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":47,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:53.150Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_45"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_550","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Jerome Epstein papers, 1943/1983","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_550#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Epstein, Jerome, 1925-2002","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_550#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection includes World War II military letters, photography equipment, newspapers, correspondence, scrapbooks, notebooks, audiotapes, 8mm film reels, and military badges. The collection contains material from 1877-1895 and 1915-2002.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_550#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_550","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_550","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_550","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_550","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_550.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Jerome Epstein papers","title_ssm":["Jerome Epstein papers"],"title_tesim":["Jerome Epstein papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1877-1895, 1915-2002"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1877-1895, 1915-2002"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1943/1983"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Jerome Epstein papers, 1943/1983"],"text":["Jerome Epstein papers, 1943/1983","C0262","/repositories/2/resources/550","Letters","Photographs","Slides (Photography)","World War, 1939-1945","Correspondence","Scrapbooks","There are no access restrictions.","One of the scrapbooks in this collection was digitized and is available to view","Benjamin Brands was the 2018 L. Claire Kincannon Intern at the Special Collections Research Center. His work culminated in the digital humanities project:  which includes digitized and transcribed letters from this collection.","This collection is arranged into four series.","Series 1: World War II Era Items, 1942-1946 (Boxes 1-2)\n      Series 2: Photographs, 1914-1998 (Boxes 3-10)\n      Series 3: Scrapbooks and Slides, 1940-1954 (Boxes 11-16)\n      Series 4: Epstein Family Items, 1877-1895, 1915-2002 (Boxes 17-23)","Born August 25, 1925 to Jerome and Rosella Epstein, Jerome Zachariah Epstein, Jr. attended Jefferson Public Schools until being accepted into Miami University in Oxford, Ohio in 1942. After attending Miami University in Oxford for one year, Epstein enlisted in the U.S. Army, August 10, 1943, and went into active service January 3, 1944. He was sent to Italy and served for seven months as a radio operator with the 110th Mountain Signal Company 10th Mountain Division located in the Northern Appennines and the Po Valley. Epstein was honorably discharged April 19, 1946 and was awarded two bronze service stars. After returning to civilian life, Epstein finished a 4-year program at University of Dayton. After college, he would go on to work at Western Iron and Steel, a family business. Jerome Epstein, Jr. died August 14, 2002.","Processed by Bill Keeler in October 2017. EAD markup completed by Bill Keeler in October 2017. Finding aid edited by Amanda Menjivar in August 2022.","Special Collections Research Center holds other collections that document World War II and postwar United States history, including the  and the .","The collection includes photographs, photography equipment, newspapers, correspondence, scrapbooks, notebooks, audiotapes, 8mm film reels, and military badges. The collection is arranged into four series:","Series 1: World War II Era Items (1942-1946) includes photographs, maps, identification papers, travel books, and numerous letters.","Series 2: Photographs (1914-1998) includes photographs of Jerome Epstein, Jr., the Epstein family, negatives, photo albums, and photography equipment.","Series 3: Scrapbooks and Slides (1940-1954) includes color slides of the Epstein family, vacations, and spring flowers. It also includes many scrapbooks which contain post cards, newspaper clippings, and many World War II items.","Series 4: Epstein Family Items (1877-1895, 1915-2002) includes many items belonging to the Epstein family including financial documents, date books, newspapers clippings, Western Iron and Steel documents, and school documents.","The copyright and related rights status of materials created after 1925 have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","The collection includes World War II military letters, photography equipment, newspapers, correspondence, scrapbooks, notebooks, audiotapes, 8mm film reels, and military badges. The collection contains material from 1877-1895 and 1915-2002.","R 50, C 5, S 2-5\n\nR 50, C 6, S 1","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Epstein, Jerome, 1925-2002","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Jerome Epstein papers, 1943/1983"],"collection_ssim":["Jerome Epstein papers, 1943/1983"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0262","/repositories/2/resources/550"],"unitid_tesim":["C0262","/repositories/2/resources/550"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Epstein, Jerome, 1925-2002"],"creator_ssim":["Epstein, Jerome, 1925-2002"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Epstein, Jerome, 1925-2002"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["Epstein, Jerome, 1925-2002","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of materials created after 1925 have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by L. Claire Kincannon in 2015."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Letters","Photographs","Slides (Photography)","World War, 1939-1945","Correspondence","Scrapbooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Letters","Photographs","Slides (Photography)","World War, 1939-1945","Correspondence","Scrapbooks"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8.0 linear ft. 23 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["8.0 linear ft. 23 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Scrapbooks"],"date_range_isim":[1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOne of the scrapbooks in this collection was digitized and is available to view \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"here.\" href=\"http://images.gmu.edu/luna/servlet/GMU~13~13\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin Brands was the 2018 L. Claire Kincannon Intern at the Special Collections Research Center. His work culminated in the digital humanities project: \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Please Send Food: A G.I.'s War in Italy,\" href=\"http://silverbox.gmu.edu/omeka-s/s/epstein/page/home\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e which includes digitized and transcribed letters from this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Form Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["One of the scrapbooks in this collection was digitized and is available to view","Benjamin Brands was the 2018 L. Claire Kincannon Intern at the Special Collections Research Center. His work culminated in the digital humanities project:  which includes digitized and transcribed letters from this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into four series.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: World War II Era Items, 1942-1946 (Boxes 1-2)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Photographs, 1914-1998 (Boxes 3-10)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Scrapbooks and Slides, 1940-1954 (Boxes 11-16)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Epstein Family Items, 1877-1895, 1915-2002 (Boxes 17-23)\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into four series.","Series 1: World War II Era Items, 1942-1946 (Boxes 1-2)\n      Series 2: Photographs, 1914-1998 (Boxes 3-10)\n      Series 3: Scrapbooks and Slides, 1940-1954 (Boxes 11-16)\n      Series 4: Epstein Family Items, 1877-1895, 1915-2002 (Boxes 17-23)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn August 25, 1925 to Jerome and Rosella Epstein, Jerome Zachariah Epstein, Jr. attended Jefferson Public Schools until being accepted into Miami University in Oxford, Ohio in 1942. After attending Miami University in Oxford for one year, Epstein enlisted in the U.S. Army, August 10, 1943, and went into active service January 3, 1944. He was sent to Italy and served for seven months as a radio operator with the 110th Mountain Signal Company 10th Mountain Division located in the Northern Appennines and the Po Valley. Epstein was honorably discharged April 19, 1946 and was awarded two bronze service stars. After returning to civilian life, Epstein finished a 4-year program at University of Dayton. After college, he would go on to work at Western Iron and Steel, a family business. Jerome Epstein, Jr. died August 14, 2002.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born August 25, 1925 to Jerome and Rosella Epstein, Jerome Zachariah Epstein, Jr. attended Jefferson Public Schools until being accepted into Miami University in Oxford, Ohio in 1942. After attending Miami University in Oxford for one year, Epstein enlisted in the U.S. Army, August 10, 1943, and went into active service January 3, 1944. He was sent to Italy and served for seven months as a radio operator with the 110th Mountain Signal Company 10th Mountain Division located in the Northern Appennines and the Po Valley. Epstein was honorably discharged April 19, 1946 and was awarded two bronze service stars. After returning to civilian life, Epstein finished a 4-year program at University of Dayton. After college, he would go on to work at Western Iron and Steel, a family business. Jerome Epstein, Jr. died August 14, 2002."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJerome Epstein papers, C0262, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Jerome Epstein papers, C0262, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Bill Keeler in October 2017. EAD markup completed by Bill Keeler in October 2017. Finding aid edited by Amanda Menjivar in August 2022.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Bill Keeler in October 2017. EAD markup completed by Bill Keeler in October 2017. Finding aid edited by Amanda Menjivar in August 2022."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections Research Center holds other collections that document World War II and postwar United States history, including the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Leonard H. Clark military history collection\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0060\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e and the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Mary Elsie Fox photograph collection\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0067\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections Research Center holds other collections that document World War II and postwar United States history, including the  and the ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes photographs, photography equipment, newspapers, correspondence, scrapbooks, notebooks, audiotapes, 8mm film reels, and military badges. The collection is arranged into four series: \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 1: World War II Era Items (1942-1946) includes photographs, maps, identification papers, travel books, and numerous letters. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 2: Photographs (1914-1998) includes photographs of Jerome Epstein, Jr., the Epstein family, negatives, photo albums, and photography equipment. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 3: Scrapbooks and Slides (1940-1954) includes color slides of the Epstein family, vacations, and spring flowers. It also includes many scrapbooks which contain post cards, newspaper clippings, and many World War II items. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 4: Epstein Family Items (1877-1895, 1915-2002) includes many items belonging to the Epstein family including financial documents, date books, newspapers clippings, Western Iron and Steel documents, and school documents.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes photographs, photography equipment, newspapers, correspondence, scrapbooks, notebooks, audiotapes, 8mm film reels, and military badges. The collection is arranged into four series:","Series 1: World War II Era Items (1942-1946) includes photographs, maps, identification papers, travel books, and numerous letters.","Series 2: Photographs (1914-1998) includes photographs of Jerome Epstein, Jr., the Epstein family, negatives, photo albums, and photography equipment.","Series 3: Scrapbooks and Slides (1940-1954) includes color slides of the Epstein family, vacations, and spring flowers. It also includes many scrapbooks which contain post cards, newspaper clippings, and many World War II items.","Series 4: Epstein Family Items (1877-1895, 1915-2002) includes many items belonging to the Epstein family including financial documents, date books, newspapers clippings, Western Iron and Steel documents, and school documents."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of materials created after 1925 have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of materials created after 1925 have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ref3\"\u003eThe collection includes World War II military letters, photography equipment, newspapers, correspondence, scrapbooks, notebooks, audiotapes, 8mm film reels, and military badges. The collection contains material from 1877-1895 and 1915-2002.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection includes World War II military letters, photography equipment, newspapers, correspondence, scrapbooks, notebooks, audiotapes, 8mm film reels, and military badges. The collection contains material from 1877-1895 and 1915-2002."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_5c30978c5ec70379699711e63534678c\"\u003eR 50, C 5, S 2-5\n\nR 50, C 6, S 1\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 50, C 5, S 2-5\n\nR 50, C 6, S 1"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Epstein, Jerome, 1925-2002"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Epstein, Jerome, 1925-2002"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":173,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:01.774Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_550","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_550","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_550","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_550","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_550.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Jerome Epstein papers","title_ssm":["Jerome Epstein papers"],"title_tesim":["Jerome Epstein papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1877-1895, 1915-2002"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1877-1895, 1915-2002"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1943/1983"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Jerome Epstein papers, 1943/1983"],"text":["Jerome Epstein papers, 1943/1983","C0262","/repositories/2/resources/550","Letters","Photographs","Slides (Photography)","World War, 1939-1945","Correspondence","Scrapbooks","There are no access restrictions.","One of the scrapbooks in this collection was digitized and is available to view","Benjamin Brands was the 2018 L. Claire Kincannon Intern at the Special Collections Research Center. His work culminated in the digital humanities project:  which includes digitized and transcribed letters from this collection.","This collection is arranged into four series.","Series 1: World War II Era Items, 1942-1946 (Boxes 1-2)\n      Series 2: Photographs, 1914-1998 (Boxes 3-10)\n      Series 3: Scrapbooks and Slides, 1940-1954 (Boxes 11-16)\n      Series 4: Epstein Family Items, 1877-1895, 1915-2002 (Boxes 17-23)","Born August 25, 1925 to Jerome and Rosella Epstein, Jerome Zachariah Epstein, Jr. attended Jefferson Public Schools until being accepted into Miami University in Oxford, Ohio in 1942. After attending Miami University in Oxford for one year, Epstein enlisted in the U.S. Army, August 10, 1943, and went into active service January 3, 1944. He was sent to Italy and served for seven months as a radio operator with the 110th Mountain Signal Company 10th Mountain Division located in the Northern Appennines and the Po Valley. Epstein was honorably discharged April 19, 1946 and was awarded two bronze service stars. After returning to civilian life, Epstein finished a 4-year program at University of Dayton. After college, he would go on to work at Western Iron and Steel, a family business. Jerome Epstein, Jr. died August 14, 2002.","Processed by Bill Keeler in October 2017. EAD markup completed by Bill Keeler in October 2017. Finding aid edited by Amanda Menjivar in August 2022.","Special Collections Research Center holds other collections that document World War II and postwar United States history, including the  and the .","The collection includes photographs, photography equipment, newspapers, correspondence, scrapbooks, notebooks, audiotapes, 8mm film reels, and military badges. The collection is arranged into four series:","Series 1: World War II Era Items (1942-1946) includes photographs, maps, identification papers, travel books, and numerous letters.","Series 2: Photographs (1914-1998) includes photographs of Jerome Epstein, Jr., the Epstein family, negatives, photo albums, and photography equipment.","Series 3: Scrapbooks and Slides (1940-1954) includes color slides of the Epstein family, vacations, and spring flowers. It also includes many scrapbooks which contain post cards, newspaper clippings, and many World War II items.","Series 4: Epstein Family Items (1877-1895, 1915-2002) includes many items belonging to the Epstein family including financial documents, date books, newspapers clippings, Western Iron and Steel documents, and school documents.","The copyright and related rights status of materials created after 1925 have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","The collection includes World War II military letters, photography equipment, newspapers, correspondence, scrapbooks, notebooks, audiotapes, 8mm film reels, and military badges. The collection contains material from 1877-1895 and 1915-2002.","R 50, C 5, S 2-5\n\nR 50, C 6, S 1","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Epstein, Jerome, 1925-2002","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Jerome Epstein papers, 1943/1983"],"collection_ssim":["Jerome Epstein papers, 1943/1983"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0262","/repositories/2/resources/550"],"unitid_tesim":["C0262","/repositories/2/resources/550"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Epstein, Jerome, 1925-2002"],"creator_ssim":["Epstein, Jerome, 1925-2002"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Epstein, Jerome, 1925-2002"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["Epstein, Jerome, 1925-2002","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of materials created after 1925 have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by L. Claire Kincannon in 2015."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Letters","Photographs","Slides (Photography)","World War, 1939-1945","Correspondence","Scrapbooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Letters","Photographs","Slides (Photography)","World War, 1939-1945","Correspondence","Scrapbooks"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8.0 linear ft. 23 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["8.0 linear ft. 23 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Scrapbooks"],"date_range_isim":[1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOne of the scrapbooks in this collection was digitized and is available to view \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"here.\" href=\"http://images.gmu.edu/luna/servlet/GMU~13~13\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin Brands was the 2018 L. Claire Kincannon Intern at the Special Collections Research Center. His work culminated in the digital humanities project: \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Please Send Food: A G.I.'s War in Italy,\" href=\"http://silverbox.gmu.edu/omeka-s/s/epstein/page/home\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e which includes digitized and transcribed letters from this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Form Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["One of the scrapbooks in this collection was digitized and is available to view","Benjamin Brands was the 2018 L. Claire Kincannon Intern at the Special Collections Research Center. His work culminated in the digital humanities project:  which includes digitized and transcribed letters from this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into four series.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: World War II Era Items, 1942-1946 (Boxes 1-2)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Photographs, 1914-1998 (Boxes 3-10)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Scrapbooks and Slides, 1940-1954 (Boxes 11-16)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Epstein Family Items, 1877-1895, 1915-2002 (Boxes 17-23)\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into four series.","Series 1: World War II Era Items, 1942-1946 (Boxes 1-2)\n      Series 2: Photographs, 1914-1998 (Boxes 3-10)\n      Series 3: Scrapbooks and Slides, 1940-1954 (Boxes 11-16)\n      Series 4: Epstein Family Items, 1877-1895, 1915-2002 (Boxes 17-23)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn August 25, 1925 to Jerome and Rosella Epstein, Jerome Zachariah Epstein, Jr. attended Jefferson Public Schools until being accepted into Miami University in Oxford, Ohio in 1942. After attending Miami University in Oxford for one year, Epstein enlisted in the U.S. Army, August 10, 1943, and went into active service January 3, 1944. He was sent to Italy and served for seven months as a radio operator with the 110th Mountain Signal Company 10th Mountain Division located in the Northern Appennines and the Po Valley. Epstein was honorably discharged April 19, 1946 and was awarded two bronze service stars. After returning to civilian life, Epstein finished a 4-year program at University of Dayton. After college, he would go on to work at Western Iron and Steel, a family business. Jerome Epstein, Jr. died August 14, 2002.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born August 25, 1925 to Jerome and Rosella Epstein, Jerome Zachariah Epstein, Jr. attended Jefferson Public Schools until being accepted into Miami University in Oxford, Ohio in 1942. After attending Miami University in Oxford for one year, Epstein enlisted in the U.S. Army, August 10, 1943, and went into active service January 3, 1944. He was sent to Italy and served for seven months as a radio operator with the 110th Mountain Signal Company 10th Mountain Division located in the Northern Appennines and the Po Valley. Epstein was honorably discharged April 19, 1946 and was awarded two bronze service stars. After returning to civilian life, Epstein finished a 4-year program at University of Dayton. After college, he would go on to work at Western Iron and Steel, a family business. Jerome Epstein, Jr. died August 14, 2002."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJerome Epstein papers, C0262, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Jerome Epstein papers, C0262, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Bill Keeler in October 2017. EAD markup completed by Bill Keeler in October 2017. Finding aid edited by Amanda Menjivar in August 2022.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Bill Keeler in October 2017. EAD markup completed by Bill Keeler in October 2017. Finding aid edited by Amanda Menjivar in August 2022."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections Research Center holds other collections that document World War II and postwar United States history, including the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Leonard H. Clark military history collection\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0060\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e and the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Mary Elsie Fox photograph collection\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0067\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections Research Center holds other collections that document World War II and postwar United States history, including the  and the ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes photographs, photography equipment, newspapers, correspondence, scrapbooks, notebooks, audiotapes, 8mm film reels, and military badges. The collection is arranged into four series: \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 1: World War II Era Items (1942-1946) includes photographs, maps, identification papers, travel books, and numerous letters. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 2: Photographs (1914-1998) includes photographs of Jerome Epstein, Jr., the Epstein family, negatives, photo albums, and photography equipment. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 3: Scrapbooks and Slides (1940-1954) includes color slides of the Epstein family, vacations, and spring flowers. It also includes many scrapbooks which contain post cards, newspaper clippings, and many World War II items. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 4: Epstein Family Items (1877-1895, 1915-2002) includes many items belonging to the Epstein family including financial documents, date books, newspapers clippings, Western Iron and Steel documents, and school documents.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes photographs, photography equipment, newspapers, correspondence, scrapbooks, notebooks, audiotapes, 8mm film reels, and military badges. The collection is arranged into four series:","Series 1: World War II Era Items (1942-1946) includes photographs, maps, identification papers, travel books, and numerous letters.","Series 2: Photographs (1914-1998) includes photographs of Jerome Epstein, Jr., the Epstein family, negatives, photo albums, and photography equipment.","Series 3: Scrapbooks and Slides (1940-1954) includes color slides of the Epstein family, vacations, and spring flowers. It also includes many scrapbooks which contain post cards, newspaper clippings, and many World War II items.","Series 4: Epstein Family Items (1877-1895, 1915-2002) includes many items belonging to the Epstein family including financial documents, date books, newspapers clippings, Western Iron and Steel documents, and school documents."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of materials created after 1925 have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of materials created after 1925 have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ref3\"\u003eThe collection includes World War II military letters, photography equipment, newspapers, correspondence, scrapbooks, notebooks, audiotapes, 8mm film reels, and military badges. The collection contains material from 1877-1895 and 1915-2002.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection includes World War II military letters, photography equipment, newspapers, correspondence, scrapbooks, notebooks, audiotapes, 8mm film reels, and military badges. The collection contains material from 1877-1895 and 1915-2002."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_5c30978c5ec70379699711e63534678c\"\u003eR 50, C 5, S 2-5\n\nR 50, C 6, S 1\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 50, C 5, S 2-5\n\nR 50, C 6, S 1"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Epstein, Jerome, 1925-2002"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Epstein, Jerome, 1925-2002"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":173,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:01.774Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_550"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_402","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"John Patrick Hawker papers, 1942/2009","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_402#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Hawker, John Patrick","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_402#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Substantial document archive of significant intelligence content, written and compiled by John Patrick Hawker, British SOE (Special Operations Executive), pertaining to British intelligence, cryptography and clandestine radio in the Second World War.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_402#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_402","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_402","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_402","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_402","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_402.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/hawker.html","title_ssm":["John Patrick Hawker papers"],"title_tesim":["John Patrick Hawker papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1942-2009"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1942-2009"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1942/2009"],"normalized_title_ssm":["John Patrick Hawker papers, 1942/2009"],"text":["John Patrick Hawker papers, 1942/2009","C0275","/repositories/2/resources/402","World War, 1939-1945","Military intelligence -- Great Britain","Military intelligence -- Germany","There are no access restrictions.","Organized by subject and date.","John Patrick Hawker MBE (1922-2013), G3VA, popularly known as Pat Hawker, was a professional and amateur radio engineer, who during the Second World War was actively engaged in British Intelligence services, and Is associated with the Bletchley Park code-breaking centre, working with clandestine radio to support resistance units. Hawker was involved in many aspects of radio, beginning in World War II as a member of the Radio Security Service (RSS) and its connections to British Security Service Military Intelligence Ml5 and the Secret Intelligence Service Ml6. In 1941 at the young age of 19 he started at Bletchley Park as an intercept operator. The bay he worked in contained two HRO receivers, each operator being given a specific list of signals to listen for. In April 1943 he was transferred to Section VIII unit, and served at Weald Station as a two-way radio operator, under Morse code expert Captain Robert Henry \"Harry\" Tricker. In 1944 Pat joined unit SCU9 and was sent Into war zones where covert communications were required . After the D-Day Allied invasion of Europe in June, with the small mobile unit headed to Normandy under the direction of Tricker who was now a Major, Pat went to Normandy, where he remained until August. He subsequently travelled to Paris, Brussels, Eindhoven, etc. and into Germany, with the same British intelligence services unit, mainly to report German troop movements and to connect 21st Army Group with Secret Intelligence Service field agents and SUSSEX intelligence teams.","At the end of October 1944 he was assigned as a personal operator for an Intelligence officer heading for Nijmegen (Nimeguen) in the Netherlands, and was provided with a double transposition poem cipher (LMT cipher) , which was unprecedented in the Ml6 as radio operating and ciphering were usually separate. [Double transposition was generall y regarded as the most complicated cipher that an agent could operate reliably under difficult field conditions]. At Nijmegen he became involved with the IS9 which was another 'private army' and which organized escape and evasion of Allied troops and breakaways. For a brief time in 1945 he worked with Holland's Bureau of National Security. At the Abbe Museum in Eindhoven, which served as British Intelligence headquarters, he worked for the remainder of the war as chief operator in a Dutch network for cipher de-coding, he being the only English speaking person there. At war's end in Europe, Pat rejoined SCU9 in the British Zone of Germany, sending six months in Rhineland and gaining much insight into the complexities of the utmost secret intelligence operations. After the war Hawker was regarded as an authority on clandestine radio. He became a key figure in British radio and television, and was Vice President of the Radio Society of Great Britain (RSGB) . The Bletchley Park 'Summary of Service' lists John Patrick Hawker with the British Army Royal Signals, working at Hanslope Park and Whaddon Hall in the years 1941-1946, the centres for disseminating Bletchley Park's intelligence reports, situated near Bletchley.","Collection is unprocessed. Description of collection abstracted from vendor catalog. EAD markup completed by Jordan Patty in August 2015.","Special Collections and Archives also holds an extensive collection of rare books on military intelligence.","Substantial document archive of significant intelligence content, written and compiled by John Patrick Hawker, British SOE (Special Operations Executive), pertaining to British intelligence, cryptography and clandestine radio in the Second World War. A veritable cornucopia of information in the form of Hawker's personal notes, mainly in manuscript and including a wartime diary kept by him while at Bletchley. Includes later research, interviews, articles, a few letters, and such starting about the time that Bletchley Park's secret operations were made known to the public in the 1970s. The lot concentrating on World War II military intelligence, the devices which served to decipher and transmit confidential data, the organizations and notable individuals dutifully engaged in clandestine communication operations. Together with his biography, written by Steve White in 2008, titled \"A Bit of Controversy: Pat Hawker- A Radio Life.\"","There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the John Patrick Hawker papers must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.","Substantial document archive of significant intelligence content, written and compiled by John Patrick Hawker, British SOE (Special Operations Executive), pertaining to British intelligence, cryptography and clandestine radio in the Second World War.","George Mason University. Libraries. 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Hawker was involved in many aspects of radio, beginning in World War II as a member of the Radio Security Service (RSS) and its connections to British Security Service Military Intelligence Ml5 and the Secret Intelligence Service Ml6. In 1941 at the young age of 19 he started at Bletchley Park as an intercept operator. The bay he worked in contained two HRO receivers, each operator being given a specific list of signals to listen for. In April 1943 he was transferred to Section VIII unit, and served at Weald Station as a two-way radio operator, under Morse code expert Captain Robert Henry \"Harry\" Tricker. In 1944 Pat joined unit SCU9 and was sent Into war zones where covert communications were required . After the D-Day Allied invasion of Europe in June, with the small mobile unit headed to Normandy under the direction of Tricker who was now a Major, Pat went to Normandy, where he remained until August. He subsequently travelled to Paris, Brussels, Eindhoven, etc. and into Germany, with the same British intelligence services unit, mainly to report German troop movements and to connect 21st Army Group with Secret Intelligence Service field agents and SUSSEX intelligence teams.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt the end of October 1944 he was assigned as a personal operator for an Intelligence officer heading for Nijmegen (Nimeguen) in the Netherlands, and was provided with a double transposition poem cipher (LMT cipher) , which was unprecedented in the Ml6 as radio operating and ciphering were usually separate. [Double transposition was generall y regarded as the most complicated cipher that an agent could operate reliably under difficult field conditions]. At Nijmegen he became involved with the IS9 which was another 'private army' and which organized escape and evasion of Allied troops and breakaways. For a brief time in 1945 he worked with Holland's Bureau of National Security. At the Abbe Museum in Eindhoven, which served as British Intelligence headquarters, he worked for the remainder of the war as chief operator in a Dutch network for cipher de-coding, he being the only English speaking person there. At war's end in Europe, Pat rejoined SCU9 in the British Zone of Germany, sending six months in Rhineland and gaining much insight into the complexities of the utmost secret intelligence operations. After the war Hawker was regarded as an authority on clandestine radio. He became a key figure in British radio and television, and was Vice President of the Radio Society of Great Britain (RSGB) . The Bletchley Park 'Summary of Service' lists John Patrick Hawker with the British Army Royal Signals, working at Hanslope Park and Whaddon Hall in the years 1941-1946, the centres for disseminating Bletchley Park's intelligence reports, situated near Bletchley.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["John Patrick Hawker MBE (1922-2013), G3VA, popularly known as Pat Hawker, was a professional and amateur radio engineer, who during the Second World War was actively engaged in British Intelligence services, and Is associated with the Bletchley Park code-breaking centre, working with clandestine radio to support resistance units. Hawker was involved in many aspects of radio, beginning in World War II as a member of the Radio Security Service (RSS) and its connections to British Security Service Military Intelligence Ml5 and the Secret Intelligence Service Ml6. In 1941 at the young age of 19 he started at Bletchley Park as an intercept operator. The bay he worked in contained two HRO receivers, each operator being given a specific list of signals to listen for. In April 1943 he was transferred to Section VIII unit, and served at Weald Station as a two-way radio operator, under Morse code expert Captain Robert Henry \"Harry\" Tricker. In 1944 Pat joined unit SCU9 and was sent Into war zones where covert communications were required . After the D-Day Allied invasion of Europe in June, with the small mobile unit headed to Normandy under the direction of Tricker who was now a Major, Pat went to Normandy, where he remained until August. He subsequently travelled to Paris, Brussels, Eindhoven, etc. and into Germany, with the same British intelligence services unit, mainly to report German troop movements and to connect 21st Army Group with Secret Intelligence Service field agents and SUSSEX intelligence teams.","At the end of October 1944 he was assigned as a personal operator for an Intelligence officer heading for Nijmegen (Nimeguen) in the Netherlands, and was provided with a double transposition poem cipher (LMT cipher) , which was unprecedented in the Ml6 as radio operating and ciphering were usually separate. [Double transposition was generall y regarded as the most complicated cipher that an agent could operate reliably under difficult field conditions]. At Nijmegen he became involved with the IS9 which was another 'private army' and which organized escape and evasion of Allied troops and breakaways. For a brief time in 1945 he worked with Holland's Bureau of National Security. At the Abbe Museum in Eindhoven, which served as British Intelligence headquarters, he worked for the remainder of the war as chief operator in a Dutch network for cipher de-coding, he being the only English speaking person there. At war's end in Europe, Pat rejoined SCU9 in the British Zone of Germany, sending six months in Rhineland and gaining much insight into the complexities of the utmost secret intelligence operations. After the war Hawker was regarded as an authority on clandestine radio. He became a key figure in British radio and television, and was Vice President of the Radio Society of Great Britain (RSGB) . The Bletchley Park 'Summary of Service' lists John Patrick Hawker with the British Army Royal Signals, working at Hanslope Park and Whaddon Hall in the years 1941-1946, the centres for disseminating Bletchley Park's intelligence reports, situated near Bletchley."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn Patrick Hawker papers, #C0275, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["John Patrick Hawker papers, #C0275, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is unprocessed. Description of collection abstracted from vendor catalog. EAD markup completed by Jordan Patty in August 2015.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Collection is unprocessed. Description of collection abstracted from vendor catalog. EAD markup completed by Jordan Patty in August 2015."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections and Archives also holds an extensive collection of rare books on military intelligence.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections and Archives also holds an extensive collection of rare books on military intelligence."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSubstantial document archive of significant intelligence content, written and compiled by John Patrick Hawker, British SOE (Special Operations Executive), pertaining to British intelligence, cryptography and clandestine radio in the Second World War. A veritable cornucopia of information in the form of Hawker's personal notes, mainly in manuscript and including a wartime diary kept by him while at Bletchley. Includes later research, interviews, articles, a few letters, and such starting about the time that Bletchley Park's secret operations were made known to the public in the 1970s. The lot concentrating on World War II military intelligence, the devices which served to decipher and transmit confidential data, the organizations and notable individuals dutifully engaged in clandestine communication operations. Together with his biography, written by Steve White in 2008, titled \"A Bit of Controversy: Pat Hawker- A Radio Life.\"\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Substantial document archive of significant intelligence content, written and compiled by John Patrick Hawker, British SOE (Special Operations Executive), pertaining to British intelligence, cryptography and clandestine radio in the Second World War. A veritable cornucopia of information in the form of Hawker's personal notes, mainly in manuscript and including a wartime diary kept by him while at Bletchley. Includes later research, interviews, articles, a few letters, and such starting about the time that Bletchley Park's secret operations were made known to the public in the 1970s. The lot concentrating on World War II military intelligence, the devices which served to decipher and transmit confidential data, the organizations and notable individuals dutifully engaged in clandestine communication operations. Together with his biography, written by Steve White in 2008, titled \"A Bit of Controversy: Pat Hawker- A Radio Life.\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on personal use. 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Permission to publish material from the John Patrick Hawker papers must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_681cdf717c2979fb10de042d338bedfc\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eSubstantial document archive of significant intelligence content, written and compiled by John Patrick Hawker, British SOE (Special Operations Executive), pertaining to British intelligence, cryptography and clandestine radio in the Second World War.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Substantial document archive of significant intelligence content, written and compiled by John Patrick Hawker, British SOE (Special Operations Executive), pertaining to British intelligence, cryptography and clandestine radio in the Second World War."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Hawker, John Patrick"],"names_coll_ssim":["Hawker, John Patrick"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Hawker, John Patrick"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":19,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:46.203Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_402","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_402","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_402","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_402","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_402.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/hawker.html","title_ssm":["John Patrick Hawker papers"],"title_tesim":["John Patrick Hawker papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1942-2009"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1942-2009"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1942/2009"],"normalized_title_ssm":["John Patrick Hawker papers, 1942/2009"],"text":["John Patrick Hawker papers, 1942/2009","C0275","/repositories/2/resources/402","World War, 1939-1945","Military intelligence -- Great Britain","Military intelligence -- Germany","There are no access restrictions.","Organized by subject and date.","John Patrick Hawker MBE (1922-2013), G3VA, popularly known as Pat Hawker, was a professional and amateur radio engineer, who during the Second World War was actively engaged in British Intelligence services, and Is associated with the Bletchley Park code-breaking centre, working with clandestine radio to support resistance units. Hawker was involved in many aspects of radio, beginning in World War II as a member of the Radio Security Service (RSS) and its connections to British Security Service Military Intelligence Ml5 and the Secret Intelligence Service Ml6. In 1941 at the young age of 19 he started at Bletchley Park as an intercept operator. The bay he worked in contained two HRO receivers, each operator being given a specific list of signals to listen for. In April 1943 he was transferred to Section VIII unit, and served at Weald Station as a two-way radio operator, under Morse code expert Captain Robert Henry \"Harry\" Tricker. In 1944 Pat joined unit SCU9 and was sent Into war zones where covert communications were required . After the D-Day Allied invasion of Europe in June, with the small mobile unit headed to Normandy under the direction of Tricker who was now a Major, Pat went to Normandy, where he remained until August. He subsequently travelled to Paris, Brussels, Eindhoven, etc. and into Germany, with the same British intelligence services unit, mainly to report German troop movements and to connect 21st Army Group with Secret Intelligence Service field agents and SUSSEX intelligence teams.","At the end of October 1944 he was assigned as a personal operator for an Intelligence officer heading for Nijmegen (Nimeguen) in the Netherlands, and was provided with a double transposition poem cipher (LMT cipher) , which was unprecedented in the Ml6 as radio operating and ciphering were usually separate. [Double transposition was generall y regarded as the most complicated cipher that an agent could operate reliably under difficult field conditions]. At Nijmegen he became involved with the IS9 which was another 'private army' and which organized escape and evasion of Allied troops and breakaways. For a brief time in 1945 he worked with Holland's Bureau of National Security. At the Abbe Museum in Eindhoven, which served as British Intelligence headquarters, he worked for the remainder of the war as chief operator in a Dutch network for cipher de-coding, he being the only English speaking person there. At war's end in Europe, Pat rejoined SCU9 in the British Zone of Germany, sending six months in Rhineland and gaining much insight into the complexities of the utmost secret intelligence operations. After the war Hawker was regarded as an authority on clandestine radio. He became a key figure in British radio and television, and was Vice President of the Radio Society of Great Britain (RSGB) . The Bletchley Park 'Summary of Service' lists John Patrick Hawker with the British Army Royal Signals, working at Hanslope Park and Whaddon Hall in the years 1941-1946, the centres for disseminating Bletchley Park's intelligence reports, situated near Bletchley.","Collection is unprocessed. Description of collection abstracted from vendor catalog. EAD markup completed by Jordan Patty in August 2015.","Special Collections and Archives also holds an extensive collection of rare books on military intelligence.","Substantial document archive of significant intelligence content, written and compiled by John Patrick Hawker, British SOE (Special Operations Executive), pertaining to British intelligence, cryptography and clandestine radio in the Second World War. A veritable cornucopia of information in the form of Hawker's personal notes, mainly in manuscript and including a wartime diary kept by him while at Bletchley. Includes later research, interviews, articles, a few letters, and such starting about the time that Bletchley Park's secret operations were made known to the public in the 1970s. The lot concentrating on World War II military intelligence, the devices which served to decipher and transmit confidential data, the organizations and notable individuals dutifully engaged in clandestine communication operations. 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He subsequently travelled to Paris, Brussels, Eindhoven, etc. and into Germany, with the same British intelligence services unit, mainly to report German troop movements and to connect 21st Army Group with Secret Intelligence Service field agents and SUSSEX intelligence teams.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt the end of October 1944 he was assigned as a personal operator for an Intelligence officer heading for Nijmegen (Nimeguen) in the Netherlands, and was provided with a double transposition poem cipher (LMT cipher) , which was unprecedented in the Ml6 as radio operating and ciphering were usually separate. [Double transposition was generall y regarded as the most complicated cipher that an agent could operate reliably under difficult field conditions]. At Nijmegen he became involved with the IS9 which was another 'private army' and which organized escape and evasion of Allied troops and breakaways. For a brief time in 1945 he worked with Holland's Bureau of National Security. At the Abbe Museum in Eindhoven, which served as British Intelligence headquarters, he worked for the remainder of the war as chief operator in a Dutch network for cipher de-coding, he being the only English speaking person there. At war's end in Europe, Pat rejoined SCU9 in the British Zone of Germany, sending six months in Rhineland and gaining much insight into the complexities of the utmost secret intelligence operations. After the war Hawker was regarded as an authority on clandestine radio. He became a key figure in British radio and television, and was Vice President of the Radio Society of Great Britain (RSGB) . The Bletchley Park 'Summary of Service' lists John Patrick Hawker with the British Army Royal Signals, working at Hanslope Park and Whaddon Hall in the years 1941-1946, the centres for disseminating Bletchley Park's intelligence reports, situated near Bletchley.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["John Patrick Hawker MBE (1922-2013), G3VA, popularly known as Pat Hawker, was a professional and amateur radio engineer, who during the Second World War was actively engaged in British Intelligence services, and Is associated with the Bletchley Park code-breaking centre, working with clandestine radio to support resistance units. Hawker was involved in many aspects of radio, beginning in World War II as a member of the Radio Security Service (RSS) and its connections to British Security Service Military Intelligence Ml5 and the Secret Intelligence Service Ml6. In 1941 at the young age of 19 he started at Bletchley Park as an intercept operator. The bay he worked in contained two HRO receivers, each operator being given a specific list of signals to listen for. In April 1943 he was transferred to Section VIII unit, and served at Weald Station as a two-way radio operator, under Morse code expert Captain Robert Henry \"Harry\" Tricker. In 1944 Pat joined unit SCU9 and was sent Into war zones where covert communications were required . After the D-Day Allied invasion of Europe in June, with the small mobile unit headed to Normandy under the direction of Tricker who was now a Major, Pat went to Normandy, where he remained until August. He subsequently travelled to Paris, Brussels, Eindhoven, etc. and into Germany, with the same British intelligence services unit, mainly to report German troop movements and to connect 21st Army Group with Secret Intelligence Service field agents and SUSSEX intelligence teams.","At the end of October 1944 he was assigned as a personal operator for an Intelligence officer heading for Nijmegen (Nimeguen) in the Netherlands, and was provided with a double transposition poem cipher (LMT cipher) , which was unprecedented in the Ml6 as radio operating and ciphering were usually separate. [Double transposition was generall y regarded as the most complicated cipher that an agent could operate reliably under difficult field conditions]. At Nijmegen he became involved with the IS9 which was another 'private army' and which organized escape and evasion of Allied troops and breakaways. For a brief time in 1945 he worked with Holland's Bureau of National Security. At the Abbe Museum in Eindhoven, which served as British Intelligence headquarters, he worked for the remainder of the war as chief operator in a Dutch network for cipher de-coding, he being the only English speaking person there. At war's end in Europe, Pat rejoined SCU9 in the British Zone of Germany, sending six months in Rhineland and gaining much insight into the complexities of the utmost secret intelligence operations. After the war Hawker was regarded as an authority on clandestine radio. He became a key figure in British radio and television, and was Vice President of the Radio Society of Great Britain (RSGB) . The Bletchley Park 'Summary of Service' lists John Patrick Hawker with the British Army Royal Signals, working at Hanslope Park and Whaddon Hall in the years 1941-1946, the centres for disseminating Bletchley Park's intelligence reports, situated near Bletchley."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn Patrick Hawker papers, #C0275, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["John Patrick Hawker papers, #C0275, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is unprocessed. Description of collection abstracted from vendor catalog. EAD markup completed by Jordan Patty in August 2015.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Collection is unprocessed. Description of collection abstracted from vendor catalog. EAD markup completed by Jordan Patty in August 2015."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections and Archives also holds an extensive collection of rare books on military intelligence.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections and Archives also holds an extensive collection of rare books on military intelligence."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSubstantial document archive of significant intelligence content, written and compiled by John Patrick Hawker, British SOE (Special Operations Executive), pertaining to British intelligence, cryptography and clandestine radio in the Second World War. A veritable cornucopia of information in the form of Hawker's personal notes, mainly in manuscript and including a wartime diary kept by him while at Bletchley. Includes later research, interviews, articles, a few letters, and such starting about the time that Bletchley Park's secret operations were made known to the public in the 1970s. The lot concentrating on World War II military intelligence, the devices which served to decipher and transmit confidential data, the organizations and notable individuals dutifully engaged in clandestine communication operations. Together with his biography, written by Steve White in 2008, titled \"A Bit of Controversy: Pat Hawker- A Radio Life.\"\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Substantial document archive of significant intelligence content, written and compiled by John Patrick Hawker, British SOE (Special Operations Executive), pertaining to British intelligence, cryptography and clandestine radio in the Second World War. A veritable cornucopia of information in the form of Hawker's personal notes, mainly in manuscript and including a wartime diary kept by him while at Bletchley. Includes later research, interviews, articles, a few letters, and such starting about the time that Bletchley Park's secret operations were made known to the public in the 1970s. The lot concentrating on World War II military intelligence, the devices which served to decipher and transmit confidential data, the organizations and notable individuals dutifully engaged in clandestine communication operations. Together with his biography, written by Steve White in 2008, titled \"A Bit of Controversy: Pat Hawker- A Radio Life.\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the John Patrick Hawker papers must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the John Patrick Hawker papers must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_681cdf717c2979fb10de042d338bedfc\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eSubstantial document archive of significant intelligence content, written and compiled by John Patrick Hawker, British SOE (Special Operations Executive), pertaining to British intelligence, cryptography and clandestine radio in the Second World War.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Substantial document archive of significant intelligence content, written and compiled by John Patrick Hawker, British SOE (Special Operations Executive), pertaining to British intelligence, cryptography and clandestine radio in the Second World War."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Hawker, John Patrick"],"names_coll_ssim":["Hawker, John Patrick"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Hawker, John Patrick"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":19,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:46.203Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_402"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_685","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"United States Civil Defense pamphlets, 1941/1966","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_685#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Vermont. State Board of Recreation","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_685#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Six pamphlets, including one duplicate, produced by United States Civil Defense organizations during World War II and the Cold War.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_685#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_685","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_685","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_685","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_685","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_685.xml","title_ssm":["United States Civil Defense pamphlets"],"title_tesim":["United States Civil Defense pamphlets"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1941-1966"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1941-1966"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1941/1966"],"normalized_title_ssm":["United States Civil Defense pamphlets, 1941/1966"],"text":["United States Civil Defense pamphlets, 1941/1966","C0400","/repositories/2/resources/685","Civil defense","Civil defense readiness","World War, 1939-1945","Cold War","Nuclear bomb shelters","Cold War -- Social aspects -- United States","There are no access restrictions.","This is a single folder collection.","\"Ann Young Collection of Civil Defense Materials, 1951-1967.\" 2012. Special Collections | Concord Free Public Library. March 3, 2012. https://concordlibrary.org/special-collections/fin_aids/CD.","Chapin, Emily. 2017. \"Civil Defense During the Cold War.\" Museum of the City of New York. September 11, 2017. https://www.mcny.org/story/civil-defense-during-cold-war.","\"Civil Defense Through Eisenhower.\" 2020. National Park Service. October 20, 2020. https://www.nps.gov/articles/coldwar_civildefense_thru-ike.htm.","The Office of Civilian Defense (OCD) was established by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1941 for the purpose of preparing and protecting the general public in the event of an attack on the United States during World War II. As such, operation of the organization ended in June 1945, however, as tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union increased, President Harry S. Truman reactivated the OCD as the Federal Civil Defense Administration (FCDA) in 1950 with the signing of the United States Civil Defense Act. In 1958, the FCDA merged with the Office of Defense Mobilization to become the Office of Defense and Civilian Mobilization, later renamed the Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization, and was then divided into two separate organizations in 1961, one of which became the Office of Civil Defense.","Initial plans and education materials, such as the 1951 \"Duck and Cover\" campaign, focused largely on encouraging the same precautions taken with the dangers from traditional weaponry. However, with the new information regarding the extreme dangers of radioactive fallout following a nuclear explosion observed following the 1954 test of the Castle Bravo hydrogen bomb, the focus shifted to nuclear fallout shelter construction and survival strategies, largely communicated through the production of posters, films, and pamphlets. Responsibility for the dissemination of these plans was largely held at the state and local level.","The 1958 \"Civil Defense Recreation Bulletin\" was published under the guidance of Vermont's Director of Recreation Theresa S. Brungardt. Appointed as Vermont's first state Director of Recreation in 1943, Burngardt would go on to be elected as the first female president of the American Recreation Society 1952 and have a Vermont Recreation and Parks Association award named in her honor in 1975. Burngardt, who passed away in 1990, was posthumously inducted into the National Recreation and Park Association (NRPA) Hall of Fame in 1997.","Processing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from October - November 2023.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other Cold War and Civil Defense materials including the Francis J. McNamara papers, and Duck and Cover reel by Castle Films.","Cornell University Library's Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections holds the Nuclear fallout shelter and safety collection.","Six pamphlets, including one duplicate, produced by United States Civil Defense organizations during World War II and the Cold War. Three of the titles were reprinted or created by local or state organizations in Vermont, New Hampshire, and Red Lion, Pennsylvania based on U.S. Government publications. There are two copies of \"Fallout Protection For…Homes with Basements\" printed in July 1966. One copy includes a \"Protection Evaluation Report\" for an Alexandria, Virginia residence on the back cover and the other includes the information for an Amherst, New Hampshire residence.","Remaining pamphlet titles and dates include:\n\"Survival Under Atomic Attack\", 1950\n\"Civilian Defense Handbook for Greater Red Lion\", circa 1941\n\"Civil Defense Recreation Bulletin\", circa 1958\n\"A Family Action Program: Home Protection Exercises\", Third Edition, March 1956","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","Six pamphlets, including one duplicate, produced by United States Civil Defense organizations during World War II and the Cold War.","R 71, C 1, S 6","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Vermont. State Board of Recreation","Red Lion (Pa.). Chamber of Commerce","United States. Office of Civil Defense","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["United States Civil Defense pamphlets, 1941/1966"],"collection_ssim":["United States Civil Defense pamphlets, 1941/1966"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0400","/repositories/2/resources/685"],"unitid_tesim":["C0400","/repositories/2/resources/685"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Vermont. State Board of Recreation","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_ssim":["Vermont. State Board of Recreation","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Vermont. State Board of Recreation","Red Lion (Pa.). Chamber of Commerce","United States. Office of Civil Defense"],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Vermont. State Board of Recreation","Red Lion (Pa.). Chamber of Commerce","United States. Office of Civil Defense"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased by Lynn Eaton from Holly Segar and Jeffrey Rovenpor of Carolinia Books in August 2021."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil defense","Civil defense readiness","World War, 1939-1945","Cold War","Nuclear bomb shelters","Cold War -- Social aspects -- United States"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil defense","Civil defense readiness","World War, 1939-1945","Cold War","Nuclear bomb shelters","Cold War -- Social aspects -- United States"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".1 Linear Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":[".1 Linear Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a single folder collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This is a single folder collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Ann Young Collection of Civil Defense Materials, 1951-1967.\" 2012. Special Collections | Concord Free Public Library. March 3, 2012. https://concordlibrary.org/special-collections/fin_aids/CD.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChapin, Emily. 2017. \"Civil Defense During the Cold War.\" Museum of the City of New York. September 11, 2017. https://www.mcny.org/story/civil-defense-during-cold-war.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Civil Defense Through Eisenhower.\" 2020. National Park Service. October 20, 2020. https://www.nps.gov/articles/coldwar_civildefense_thru-ike.htm.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"Ann Young Collection of Civil Defense Materials, 1951-1967.\" 2012. Special Collections | Concord Free Public Library. March 3, 2012. https://concordlibrary.org/special-collections/fin_aids/CD.","Chapin, Emily. 2017. \"Civil Defense During the Cold War.\" Museum of the City of New York. September 11, 2017. https://www.mcny.org/story/civil-defense-during-cold-war.","\"Civil Defense Through Eisenhower.\" 2020. National Park Service. October 20, 2020. https://www.nps.gov/articles/coldwar_civildefense_thru-ike.htm."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Office of Civilian Defense (OCD) was established by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1941 for the purpose of preparing and protecting the general public in the event of an attack on the United States during World War II. As such, operation of the organization ended in June 1945, however, as tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union increased, President Harry S. Truman reactivated the OCD as the Federal Civil Defense Administration (FCDA) in 1950 with the signing of the United States Civil Defense Act. In 1958, the FCDA merged with the Office of Defense Mobilization to become the Office of Defense and Civilian Mobilization, later renamed the Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization, and was then divided into two separate organizations in 1961, one of which became the Office of Civil Defense.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInitial plans and education materials, such as the 1951 \"Duck and Cover\" campaign, focused largely on encouraging the same precautions taken with the dangers from traditional weaponry. However, with the new information regarding the extreme dangers of radioactive fallout following a nuclear explosion observed following the 1954 test of the Castle Bravo hydrogen bomb, the focus shifted to nuclear fallout shelter construction and survival strategies, largely communicated through the production of posters, films, and pamphlets. Responsibility for the dissemination of these plans was largely held at the state and local level.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 1958 \"Civil Defense Recreation Bulletin\" was published under the guidance of Vermont's Director of Recreation Theresa S. Brungardt. Appointed as Vermont's first state Director of Recreation in 1943, Burngardt would go on to be elected as the first female president of the American Recreation Society 1952 and have a Vermont Recreation and Parks Association award named in her honor in 1975. Burngardt, who passed away in 1990, was posthumously inducted into the National Recreation and Park Association (NRPA) Hall of Fame in 1997.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical and Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Office of Civilian Defense (OCD) was established by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1941 for the purpose of preparing and protecting the general public in the event of an attack on the United States during World War II. As such, operation of the organization ended in June 1945, however, as tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union increased, President Harry S. Truman reactivated the OCD as the Federal Civil Defense Administration (FCDA) in 1950 with the signing of the United States Civil Defense Act. In 1958, the FCDA merged with the Office of Defense Mobilization to become the Office of Defense and Civilian Mobilization, later renamed the Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization, and was then divided into two separate organizations in 1961, one of which became the Office of Civil Defense.","Initial plans and education materials, such as the 1951 \"Duck and Cover\" campaign, focused largely on encouraging the same precautions taken with the dangers from traditional weaponry. However, with the new information regarding the extreme dangers of radioactive fallout following a nuclear explosion observed following the 1954 test of the Castle Bravo hydrogen bomb, the focus shifted to nuclear fallout shelter construction and survival strategies, largely communicated through the production of posters, films, and pamphlets. Responsibility for the dissemination of these plans was largely held at the state and local level.","The 1958 \"Civil Defense Recreation Bulletin\" was published under the guidance of Vermont's Director of Recreation Theresa S. Brungardt. Appointed as Vermont's first state Director of Recreation in 1943, Burngardt would go on to be elected as the first female president of the American Recreation Society 1952 and have a Vermont Recreation and Parks Association award named in her honor in 1975. Burngardt, who passed away in 1990, was posthumously inducted into the National Recreation and Park Association (NRPA) Hall of Fame in 1997."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnited States Civil Defense pamphlets, C0400, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["United States Civil Defense pamphlets, C0400, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from October - November 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from October - November 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other Cold War and Civil Defense materials including the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0024\"\u003eFrancis J. McNamara papers\u003c/a\u003e, and \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0505\"\u003eDuck and Cover reel by Castle Films\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCornell University Library's Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections holds the \u003ca href=\"https://rmc.library.cornell.edu/EAD/htmldocs/RMM08584.html\"\u003eNuclear fallout shelter and safety collection\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other Cold War and Civil Defense materials including the Francis J. McNamara papers, and Duck and Cover reel by Castle Films.","Cornell University Library's Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections holds the Nuclear fallout shelter and safety collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSix pamphlets, including one duplicate, produced by United States Civil Defense organizations during World War II and the Cold War. Three of the titles were reprinted or created by local or state organizations in Vermont, New Hampshire, and Red Lion, Pennsylvania based on U.S. Government publications. There are two copies of \"Fallout Protection For…Homes with Basements\" printed in July 1966. One copy includes a \"Protection Evaluation Report\" for an Alexandria, Virginia residence on the back cover and the other includes the information for an Amherst, New Hampshire residence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRemaining pamphlet titles and dates include:\n\"Survival Under Atomic Attack\", 1950\n\"Civilian Defense Handbook for Greater Red Lion\", circa 1941\n\"Civil Defense Recreation Bulletin\", circa 1958\n\"A Family Action Program: Home Protection Exercises\", Third Edition, March 1956\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Six pamphlets, including one duplicate, produced by United States Civil Defense organizations during World War II and the Cold War. Three of the titles were reprinted or created by local or state organizations in Vermont, New Hampshire, and Red Lion, Pennsylvania based on U.S. Government publications. There are two copies of \"Fallout Protection For…Homes with Basements\" printed in July 1966. One copy includes a \"Protection Evaluation Report\" for an Alexandria, Virginia residence on the back cover and the other includes the information for an Amherst, New Hampshire residence.","Remaining pamphlet titles and dates include:\n\"Survival Under Atomic Attack\", 1950\n\"Civilian Defense Handbook for Greater Red Lion\", circa 1941\n\"Civil Defense Recreation Bulletin\", circa 1958\n\"A Family Action Program: Home Protection Exercises\", Third Edition, March 1956"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8624f99f015374f5883208ebd2c8fb57\"\u003eSix pamphlets, including one duplicate, produced by United States Civil Defense organizations during World War II and the Cold War.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Six pamphlets, including one duplicate, produced by United States Civil Defense organizations during World War II and the Cold War."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_922758d3cd1d3886f88bdf8fbce4bbc3\"\u003eR 71, C 1, S 6\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 71, C 1, S 6"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Vermont. State Board of Recreation","Red Lion (Pa.). Chamber of Commerce","United States. Office of Civil Defense"],"names_coll_ssim":["Red Lion (Pa.). Chamber of Commerce","United States. Office of Civil Defense","Vermont. State Board of Recreation"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Vermont. State Board of Recreation","Red Lion (Pa.). Chamber of Commerce","United States. Office of Civil Defense"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:13.746Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_685","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_685","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_685","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_685","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_685.xml","title_ssm":["United States Civil Defense pamphlets"],"title_tesim":["United States Civil Defense pamphlets"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1941-1966"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1941-1966"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1941/1966"],"normalized_title_ssm":["United States Civil Defense pamphlets, 1941/1966"],"text":["United States Civil Defense pamphlets, 1941/1966","C0400","/repositories/2/resources/685","Civil defense","Civil defense readiness","World War, 1939-1945","Cold War","Nuclear bomb shelters","Cold War -- Social aspects -- United States","There are no access restrictions.","This is a single folder collection.","\"Ann Young Collection of Civil Defense Materials, 1951-1967.\" 2012. Special Collections | Concord Free Public Library. March 3, 2012. https://concordlibrary.org/special-collections/fin_aids/CD.","Chapin, Emily. 2017. \"Civil Defense During the Cold War.\" Museum of the City of New York. September 11, 2017. https://www.mcny.org/story/civil-defense-during-cold-war.","\"Civil Defense Through Eisenhower.\" 2020. National Park Service. October 20, 2020. https://www.nps.gov/articles/coldwar_civildefense_thru-ike.htm.","The Office of Civilian Defense (OCD) was established by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1941 for the purpose of preparing and protecting the general public in the event of an attack on the United States during World War II. As such, operation of the organization ended in June 1945, however, as tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union increased, President Harry S. Truman reactivated the OCD as the Federal Civil Defense Administration (FCDA) in 1950 with the signing of the United States Civil Defense Act. In 1958, the FCDA merged with the Office of Defense Mobilization to become the Office of Defense and Civilian Mobilization, later renamed the Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization, and was then divided into two separate organizations in 1961, one of which became the Office of Civil Defense.","Initial plans and education materials, such as the 1951 \"Duck and Cover\" campaign, focused largely on encouraging the same precautions taken with the dangers from traditional weaponry. However, with the new information regarding the extreme dangers of radioactive fallout following a nuclear explosion observed following the 1954 test of the Castle Bravo hydrogen bomb, the focus shifted to nuclear fallout shelter construction and survival strategies, largely communicated through the production of posters, films, and pamphlets. Responsibility for the dissemination of these plans was largely held at the state and local level.","The 1958 \"Civil Defense Recreation Bulletin\" was published under the guidance of Vermont's Director of Recreation Theresa S. Brungardt. Appointed as Vermont's first state Director of Recreation in 1943, Burngardt would go on to be elected as the first female president of the American Recreation Society 1952 and have a Vermont Recreation and Parks Association award named in her honor in 1975. Burngardt, who passed away in 1990, was posthumously inducted into the National Recreation and Park Association (NRPA) Hall of Fame in 1997.","Processing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from October - November 2023.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other Cold War and Civil Defense materials including the Francis J. McNamara papers, and Duck and Cover reel by Castle Films.","Cornell University Library's Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections holds the Nuclear fallout shelter and safety collection.","Six pamphlets, including one duplicate, produced by United States Civil Defense organizations during World War II and the Cold War. Three of the titles were reprinted or created by local or state organizations in Vermont, New Hampshire, and Red Lion, Pennsylvania based on U.S. Government publications. There are two copies of \"Fallout Protection For…Homes with Basements\" printed in July 1966. One copy includes a \"Protection Evaluation Report\" for an Alexandria, Virginia residence on the back cover and the other includes the information for an Amherst, New Hampshire residence.","Remaining pamphlet titles and dates include:\n\"Survival Under Atomic Attack\", 1950\n\"Civilian Defense Handbook for Greater Red Lion\", circa 1941\n\"Civil Defense Recreation Bulletin\", circa 1958\n\"A Family Action Program: Home Protection Exercises\", Third Edition, March 1956","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","Six pamphlets, including one duplicate, produced by United States Civil Defense organizations during World War II and the Cold War.","R 71, C 1, S 6","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Vermont. State Board of Recreation","Red Lion (Pa.). Chamber of Commerce","United States. Office of Civil Defense","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["United States Civil Defense pamphlets, 1941/1966"],"collection_ssim":["United States Civil Defense pamphlets, 1941/1966"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0400","/repositories/2/resources/685"],"unitid_tesim":["C0400","/repositories/2/resources/685"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Vermont. State Board of Recreation","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_ssim":["Vermont. State Board of Recreation","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Vermont. State Board of Recreation","Red Lion (Pa.). Chamber of Commerce","United States. Office of Civil Defense"],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Vermont. State Board of Recreation","Red Lion (Pa.). Chamber of Commerce","United States. Office of Civil Defense"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased by Lynn Eaton from Holly Segar and Jeffrey Rovenpor of Carolinia Books in August 2021."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil defense","Civil defense readiness","World War, 1939-1945","Cold War","Nuclear bomb shelters","Cold War -- Social aspects -- United States"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil defense","Civil defense readiness","World War, 1939-1945","Cold War","Nuclear bomb shelters","Cold War -- Social aspects -- United States"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".1 Linear Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":[".1 Linear Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a single folder collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This is a single folder collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Ann Young Collection of Civil Defense Materials, 1951-1967.\" 2012. Special Collections | Concord Free Public Library. March 3, 2012. https://concordlibrary.org/special-collections/fin_aids/CD.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChapin, Emily. 2017. \"Civil Defense During the Cold War.\" Museum of the City of New York. September 11, 2017. https://www.mcny.org/story/civil-defense-during-cold-war.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Civil Defense Through Eisenhower.\" 2020. National Park Service. October 20, 2020. https://www.nps.gov/articles/coldwar_civildefense_thru-ike.htm.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"Ann Young Collection of Civil Defense Materials, 1951-1967.\" 2012. Special Collections | Concord Free Public Library. March 3, 2012. https://concordlibrary.org/special-collections/fin_aids/CD.","Chapin, Emily. 2017. \"Civil Defense During the Cold War.\" Museum of the City of New York. September 11, 2017. https://www.mcny.org/story/civil-defense-during-cold-war.","\"Civil Defense Through Eisenhower.\" 2020. National Park Service. October 20, 2020. https://www.nps.gov/articles/coldwar_civildefense_thru-ike.htm."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Office of Civilian Defense (OCD) was established by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1941 for the purpose of preparing and protecting the general public in the event of an attack on the United States during World War II. As such, operation of the organization ended in June 1945, however, as tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union increased, President Harry S. Truman reactivated the OCD as the Federal Civil Defense Administration (FCDA) in 1950 with the signing of the United States Civil Defense Act. In 1958, the FCDA merged with the Office of Defense Mobilization to become the Office of Defense and Civilian Mobilization, later renamed the Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization, and was then divided into two separate organizations in 1961, one of which became the Office of Civil Defense.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInitial plans and education materials, such as the 1951 \"Duck and Cover\" campaign, focused largely on encouraging the same precautions taken with the dangers from traditional weaponry. However, with the new information regarding the extreme dangers of radioactive fallout following a nuclear explosion observed following the 1954 test of the Castle Bravo hydrogen bomb, the focus shifted to nuclear fallout shelter construction and survival strategies, largely communicated through the production of posters, films, and pamphlets. Responsibility for the dissemination of these plans was largely held at the state and local level.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 1958 \"Civil Defense Recreation Bulletin\" was published under the guidance of Vermont's Director of Recreation Theresa S. Brungardt. Appointed as Vermont's first state Director of Recreation in 1943, Burngardt would go on to be elected as the first female president of the American Recreation Society 1952 and have a Vermont Recreation and Parks Association award named in her honor in 1975. Burngardt, who passed away in 1990, was posthumously inducted into the National Recreation and Park Association (NRPA) Hall of Fame in 1997.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical and Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Office of Civilian Defense (OCD) was established by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1941 for the purpose of preparing and protecting the general public in the event of an attack on the United States during World War II. As such, operation of the organization ended in June 1945, however, as tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union increased, President Harry S. Truman reactivated the OCD as the Federal Civil Defense Administration (FCDA) in 1950 with the signing of the United States Civil Defense Act. In 1958, the FCDA merged with the Office of Defense Mobilization to become the Office of Defense and Civilian Mobilization, later renamed the Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization, and was then divided into two separate organizations in 1961, one of which became the Office of Civil Defense.","Initial plans and education materials, such as the 1951 \"Duck and Cover\" campaign, focused largely on encouraging the same precautions taken with the dangers from traditional weaponry. However, with the new information regarding the extreme dangers of radioactive fallout following a nuclear explosion observed following the 1954 test of the Castle Bravo hydrogen bomb, the focus shifted to nuclear fallout shelter construction and survival strategies, largely communicated through the production of posters, films, and pamphlets. Responsibility for the dissemination of these plans was largely held at the state and local level.","The 1958 \"Civil Defense Recreation Bulletin\" was published under the guidance of Vermont's Director of Recreation Theresa S. Brungardt. Appointed as Vermont's first state Director of Recreation in 1943, Burngardt would go on to be elected as the first female president of the American Recreation Society 1952 and have a Vermont Recreation and Parks Association award named in her honor in 1975. Burngardt, who passed away in 1990, was posthumously inducted into the National Recreation and Park Association (NRPA) Hall of Fame in 1997."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnited States Civil Defense pamphlets, C0400, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["United States Civil Defense pamphlets, C0400, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from October - November 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from October - November 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other Cold War and Civil Defense materials including the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0024\"\u003eFrancis J. McNamara papers\u003c/a\u003e, and \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0505\"\u003eDuck and Cover reel by Castle Films\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCornell University Library's Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections holds the \u003ca href=\"https://rmc.library.cornell.edu/EAD/htmldocs/RMM08584.html\"\u003eNuclear fallout shelter and safety collection\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other Cold War and Civil Defense materials including the Francis J. McNamara papers, and Duck and Cover reel by Castle Films.","Cornell University Library's Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections holds the Nuclear fallout shelter and safety collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSix pamphlets, including one duplicate, produced by United States Civil Defense organizations during World War II and the Cold War. Three of the titles were reprinted or created by local or state organizations in Vermont, New Hampshire, and Red Lion, Pennsylvania based on U.S. Government publications. There are two copies of \"Fallout Protection For…Homes with Basements\" printed in July 1966. One copy includes a \"Protection Evaluation Report\" for an Alexandria, Virginia residence on the back cover and the other includes the information for an Amherst, New Hampshire residence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRemaining pamphlet titles and dates include:\n\"Survival Under Atomic Attack\", 1950\n\"Civilian Defense Handbook for Greater Red Lion\", circa 1941\n\"Civil Defense Recreation Bulletin\", circa 1958\n\"A Family Action Program: Home Protection Exercises\", Third Edition, March 1956\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Six pamphlets, including one duplicate, produced by United States Civil Defense organizations during World War II and the Cold War. Three of the titles were reprinted or created by local or state organizations in Vermont, New Hampshire, and Red Lion, Pennsylvania based on U.S. Government publications. There are two copies of \"Fallout Protection For…Homes with Basements\" printed in July 1966. One copy includes a \"Protection Evaluation Report\" for an Alexandria, Virginia residence on the back cover and the other includes the information for an Amherst, New Hampshire residence.","Remaining pamphlet titles and dates include:\n\"Survival Under Atomic Attack\", 1950\n\"Civilian Defense Handbook for Greater Red Lion\", circa 1941\n\"Civil Defense Recreation Bulletin\", circa 1958\n\"A Family Action Program: Home Protection Exercises\", Third Edition, March 1956"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8624f99f015374f5883208ebd2c8fb57\"\u003eSix pamphlets, including one duplicate, produced by United States Civil Defense organizations during World War II and the Cold War.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Six pamphlets, including one duplicate, produced by United States Civil Defense organizations during World War II and the Cold War."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_922758d3cd1d3886f88bdf8fbce4bbc3\"\u003eR 71, C 1, S 6\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 71, C 1, S 6"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Vermont. State Board of Recreation","Red Lion (Pa.). Chamber of Commerce","United States. Office of Civil Defense"],"names_coll_ssim":["Red Lion (Pa.). Chamber of Commerce","United States. Office of Civil Defense","Vermont. State Board of Recreation"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Vermont. State Board of Recreation","Red Lion (Pa.). Chamber of Commerce","United States. Office of Civil Defense"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:13.746Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_685"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_774","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"\"We Were Not Shadows\" by Colonel E.P.J. Ryan, O.B.E typed manuscript, 1955/1965","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_774#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Ryan, O.B.E, Colonel E.P.J.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_774#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Typed manuscript written by Colonel E.P.J. Ryan, O.B.E recounting the security arrangements for the Big Three, particularly British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, at the 1943 Tehran Conference.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_774#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_774","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_774","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_774","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_774","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_774.xml","title_filing_ssi":"\"We Were Not Shadows\" by Colonel E.P.J. Ryan, O.B.E typed manuscript","title_ssm":["\"We Were Not Shadows\" by Colonel E.P.J. Ryan, O.B.E typed manuscript"],"title_tesim":["\"We Were Not Shadows\" by Colonel E.P.J. Ryan, O.B.E typed manuscript"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1955-1965"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1955-1965"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1955/1965"],"normalized_title_ssm":["\"We Were Not Shadows\" by Colonel E.P.J. Ryan, O.B.E typed manuscript, 1955/1965"],"text":["\"We Were Not Shadows\" by Colonel E.P.J. Ryan, O.B.E typed manuscript, 1955/1965","C0549","/repositories/2/resources/774","World War, 1939-1945","War","Manuscripts","Photographs","There are no access restrictions.","This is a single item collection.","AbeBooks. n.d. \"We Were Not Shadows. Persia and Iraq Command, 1943-1945. by TEHRAN CONFERENCE - RYAN, E. P. J. | Peter Harrington. ABA/ ILAB.\" Accessed April 1, 2026. https://www.abebooks.co.uk/first-edition/Shadows-Persia-Iraq-Command-1943-1945-TEHRAN/31951341128/bd.","Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. n.d. \"Tehran Conference.\" Britannica. Accessed April 1, 2026. https://www.britannica.com/event/Tehran-Conference.","Imperial War Museums. n.d. \"The Big Three and the Tehran Conference.\" Accessed April 1, 2026. https://www.iwm.org.uk/history/the-big-three-and-the-tehran-conference.","Office of the Historian. n.d. \"Milestones in the History of U.S. Foreign Relations.\" Accessed April 1, 2026. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1937-1945/tehran-conf.","The Gazette. 2024. \"What Is the Difference between a CBE, OBE, MBE and a Knighthood?\" January 4. https://www.thegazette.co.uk/awards-and-accreditation/content/103372.","Edward Patrick John Ryan was a British Indian Army career soldier and intelligence officer. In 1943, Colonel Ryan held the position of Deputy Director Military Intelligence, Paiforce, under the direction of General Arthur Selby, and was in charge of Prime Minster Winston Churchill's security arrangements for his visit to Tehran, Iran to participate in the meeting known as The Tehran Conference. During World War II (WWII), Colonel Ryan was awarded both Officer of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (OBE) and the U.S. Legion of Merit. In 1949, he was promoted to the substantive rank of Major and granted the honorary rank of Full Colonel in the Intelligence Corps. While Ryan appears to have entered civilian life soon after the end of WWII, becoming the Cairo-based representative of the Society of British Aircraft Constructors in late 1945, he officially retired as an Intelligence Corps. reserve officer in 1956.","The Tehran Conference, code-named \"Eureka\" during the planning stages, was the first in-person meeting between the \"Big Three\" leaders of the Allied Powers during WWII: U.S. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin. The meeting took place in Tehran, Iran between November 28 – December 1, 1943. The main focus of the meeting was coordination of military strategy against Germany and Japan, particularly the opening of a \"second front\" in western Europe, the launch of \"Operation Overlord\" by British and American forces into Northern France (which was subsequently executed in May 1944), and agreement that the Soviet Union would declare war against Japan following the Allied victory over Germany (with concessions from Roosevelt regarding Soviet ownership of islands and ports that would be finalized at the Yalta Conference in 1945). The meeting also saw discussions of long-range political planning for the post WWII era, including revision of Poland's eastern border (which was ratified at the Potsdam Conference in 1945), negotiations about the status of the Republics of Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia in regard to the Soviet Union, the composition of the future United Nations, the possible postwar partition of Germany, and a declaration guaranteeing the postwar independence and territorial integrity of the conference's host country of Iran.","Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in March 2026. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in April 2026.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other collections related to World War II, including Jerome Lawlor World War II scrapbook and Daniel Monson World War II aviation collection.","Typed manuscript written by Colonel E.P.J. Ryan, O.B.E, Persia and Iraq Command, 1943-1945 recounting the security arrangements for the Big Three, particularly British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, at the Tehran Conference from November 28 – December 1, 1943. The manuscript is contained in an enclosure, with title and author information typed on the front cover and on the first interior page. The inside of the front cover contains handwritten information likely pertaining to previous owners of the manuscript. The manuscript is divided into 17 chapters (written using Roman numerals) and one Prologue, written in first-person, and includes 101 numbered pages, with an additional three unnumbered pages containing pasted in actual black and white photographs of locations, people, and events related to the Tehran Conference, with typed captions under each photograph. A note at the front of the manuscript indicates that these photographs are \"from the Imperial War Museum\" in London, England. Prologue, Chapter, and photograph locations are listed in a Table of Contents at the beginning of the manuscript, with photographs being listed under the heading \"Illustrations.\"","Date information is based on indication in the manuscript itself that writing was started after Colonel Ryan's 1955 return visit to Tehran and indication in the final chapter that Winston Churchill (1874-1965) is still alive at time of its completion.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","Typed manuscript written by Colonel E.P.J. Ryan, O.B.E recounting the security arrangements for the Big Three, particularly British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, at the 1943 Tehran Conference.","R 73, C 2, S 4","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Teheran Conference (1943 : Tehran, Iran)","Ryan, O.B.E, Colonel E.P.J.","Churchill, Winston, 1874-1965","Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945","Stalin, Joseph, 1878-1953","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["\"We Were Not Shadows\" by Colonel E.P.J. Ryan, O.B.E typed manuscript, 1955/1965"],"collection_ssim":["\"We Were Not Shadows\" by Colonel E.P.J. Ryan, O.B.E typed manuscript, 1955/1965"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0549","/repositories/2/resources/774"],"unitid_tesim":["C0549","/repositories/2/resources/774"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Ryan, O.B.E, Colonel E.P.J."],"creator_ssim":["Ryan, O.B.E, Colonel E.P.J."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Ryan, O.B.E, Colonel E.P.J.","Churchill, Winston, 1874-1965","Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945","Stalin, Joseph, 1878-1953"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Teheran Conference (1943 : Tehran, Iran)"],"creators_ssim":["Ryan, O.B.E, Colonel E.P.J.","Churchill, Winston, 1874-1965","Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945","Stalin, Joseph, 1878-1953","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Teheran Conference (1943 : Tehran, Iran)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The donor is unknown."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945","War","Manuscripts","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945","War","Manuscripts","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".01 Linear Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":[".01 Linear Feet 1 folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Manuscripts","Photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a single item collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This is a single item collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAbeBooks. n.d. \"We Were Not Shadows. Persia and Iraq Command, 1943-1945. by TEHRAN CONFERENCE - RYAN, E. P. J. | Peter Harrington. ABA/ ILAB.\" Accessed April 1, 2026. https://www.abebooks.co.uk/first-edition/Shadows-Persia-Iraq-Command-1943-1945-TEHRAN/31951341128/bd.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBritannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. n.d. \"Tehran Conference.\" Britannica. Accessed April 1, 2026. https://www.britannica.com/event/Tehran-Conference.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eImperial War Museums. n.d. \"The Big Three and the Tehran Conference.\" Accessed April 1, 2026. https://www.iwm.org.uk/history/the-big-three-and-the-tehran-conference.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOffice of the Historian. n.d. \"Milestones in the History of U.S. Foreign Relations.\" Accessed April 1, 2026. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1937-1945/tehran-conf.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Gazette. 2024. \"What Is the Difference between a CBE, OBE, MBE and a Knighthood?\" January 4. https://www.thegazette.co.uk/awards-and-accreditation/content/103372.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["AbeBooks. n.d. \"We Were Not Shadows. Persia and Iraq Command, 1943-1945. by TEHRAN CONFERENCE - RYAN, E. P. J. | Peter Harrington. ABA/ ILAB.\" Accessed April 1, 2026. https://www.abebooks.co.uk/first-edition/Shadows-Persia-Iraq-Command-1943-1945-TEHRAN/31951341128/bd.","Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. n.d. \"Tehran Conference.\" Britannica. Accessed April 1, 2026. https://www.britannica.com/event/Tehran-Conference.","Imperial War Museums. n.d. \"The Big Three and the Tehran Conference.\" Accessed April 1, 2026. https://www.iwm.org.uk/history/the-big-three-and-the-tehran-conference.","Office of the Historian. n.d. \"Milestones in the History of U.S. Foreign Relations.\" Accessed April 1, 2026. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1937-1945/tehran-conf.","The Gazette. 2024. \"What Is the Difference between a CBE, OBE, MBE and a Knighthood?\" January 4. https://www.thegazette.co.uk/awards-and-accreditation/content/103372."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEdward Patrick John Ryan was a British Indian Army career soldier and intelligence officer. In 1943, Colonel Ryan held the position of Deputy Director Military Intelligence, Paiforce, under the direction of General Arthur Selby, and was in charge of Prime Minster Winston Churchill's security arrangements for his visit to Tehran, Iran to participate in the meeting known as The Tehran Conference. During World War II (WWII), Colonel Ryan was awarded both Officer of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (OBE) and the U.S. Legion of Merit. In 1949, he was promoted to the substantive rank of Major and granted the honorary rank of Full Colonel in the Intelligence Corps. While Ryan appears to have entered civilian life soon after the end of WWII, becoming the Cairo-based representative of the Society of British Aircraft Constructors in late 1945, he officially retired as an Intelligence Corps. reserve officer in 1956.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Tehran Conference, code-named \"Eureka\" during the planning stages, was the first in-person meeting between the \"Big Three\" leaders of the Allied Powers during WWII: U.S. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin. The meeting took place in Tehran, Iran between November 28 – December 1, 1943. The main focus of the meeting was coordination of military strategy against Germany and Japan, particularly the opening of a \"second front\" in western Europe, the launch of \"Operation Overlord\" by British and American forces into Northern France (which was subsequently executed in May 1944), and agreement that the Soviet Union would declare war against Japan following the Allied victory over Germany (with concessions from Roosevelt regarding Soviet ownership of islands and ports that would be finalized at the Yalta Conference in 1945). The meeting also saw discussions of long-range political planning for the post WWII era, including revision of Poland's eastern border (which was ratified at the Potsdam Conference in 1945), negotiations about the status of the Republics of Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia in regard to the Soviet Union, the composition of the future United Nations, the possible postwar partition of Germany, and a declaration guaranteeing the postwar independence and territorial integrity of the conference's host country of Iran.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical and Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Edward Patrick John Ryan was a British Indian Army career soldier and intelligence officer. In 1943, Colonel Ryan held the position of Deputy Director Military Intelligence, Paiforce, under the direction of General Arthur Selby, and was in charge of Prime Minster Winston Churchill's security arrangements for his visit to Tehran, Iran to participate in the meeting known as The Tehran Conference. During World War II (WWII), Colonel Ryan was awarded both Officer of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (OBE) and the U.S. Legion of Merit. In 1949, he was promoted to the substantive rank of Major and granted the honorary rank of Full Colonel in the Intelligence Corps. While Ryan appears to have entered civilian life soon after the end of WWII, becoming the Cairo-based representative of the Society of British Aircraft Constructors in late 1945, he officially retired as an Intelligence Corps. reserve officer in 1956.","The Tehran Conference, code-named \"Eureka\" during the planning stages, was the first in-person meeting between the \"Big Three\" leaders of the Allied Powers during WWII: U.S. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin. The meeting took place in Tehran, Iran between November 28 – December 1, 1943. The main focus of the meeting was coordination of military strategy against Germany and Japan, particularly the opening of a \"second front\" in western Europe, the launch of \"Operation Overlord\" by British and American forces into Northern France (which was subsequently executed in May 1944), and agreement that the Soviet Union would declare war against Japan following the Allied victory over Germany (with concessions from Roosevelt regarding Soviet ownership of islands and ports that would be finalized at the Yalta Conference in 1945). The meeting also saw discussions of long-range political planning for the post WWII era, including revision of Poland's eastern border (which was ratified at the Potsdam Conference in 1945), negotiations about the status of the Republics of Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia in regard to the Soviet Union, the composition of the future United Nations, the possible postwar partition of Germany, and a declaration guaranteeing the postwar independence and territorial integrity of the conference's host country of Iran."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"We Were Not Shadows\" by Colonel E.P.J. Ryan, O.B.E typed manuscript, C0549, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["\"We Were Not Shadows\" by Colonel E.P.J. Ryan, O.B.E typed manuscript, C0549, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in March 2026. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in April 2026.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in March 2026. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in April 2026."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other collections related to \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/subjects/sh85148273\"\u003eWorld War II\u003c/a\u003e, including \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0318\"\u003eJerome Lawlor World War II scrapbook\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0323\"\u003eDaniel Monson World War II aviation collection\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other collections related to World War II, including Jerome Lawlor World War II scrapbook and Daniel Monson World War II aviation collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTyped manuscript written by Colonel E.P.J. Ryan, O.B.E, Persia and Iraq Command, 1943-1945 recounting the security arrangements for the Big Three, particularly British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, at the Tehran Conference from November 28 – December 1, 1943. The manuscript is contained in an enclosure, with title and author information typed on the front cover and on the first interior page. The inside of the front cover contains handwritten information likely pertaining to previous owners of the manuscript. The manuscript is divided into 17 chapters (written using Roman numerals) and one Prologue, written in first-person, and includes 101 numbered pages, with an additional three unnumbered pages containing pasted in actual black and white photographs of locations, people, and events related to the Tehran Conference, with typed captions under each photograph. A note at the front of the manuscript indicates that these photographs are \"from the Imperial War Museum\" in London, England. Prologue, Chapter, and photograph locations are listed in a Table of Contents at the beginning of the manuscript, with photographs being listed under the heading \"Illustrations.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDate information is based on indication in the manuscript itself that writing was started after Colonel Ryan's 1955 return visit to Tehran and indication in the final chapter that Winston Churchill (1874-1965) is still alive at time of its completion.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Typed manuscript written by Colonel E.P.J. Ryan, O.B.E, Persia and Iraq Command, 1943-1945 recounting the security arrangements for the Big Three, particularly British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, at the Tehran Conference from November 28 – December 1, 1943. The manuscript is contained in an enclosure, with title and author information typed on the front cover and on the first interior page. The inside of the front cover contains handwritten information likely pertaining to previous owners of the manuscript. The manuscript is divided into 17 chapters (written using Roman numerals) and one Prologue, written in first-person, and includes 101 numbered pages, with an additional three unnumbered pages containing pasted in actual black and white photographs of locations, people, and events related to the Tehran Conference, with typed captions under each photograph. A note at the front of the manuscript indicates that these photographs are \"from the Imperial War Museum\" in London, England. Prologue, Chapter, and photograph locations are listed in a Table of Contents at the beginning of the manuscript, with photographs being listed under the heading \"Illustrations.\"","Date information is based on indication in the manuscript itself that writing was started after Colonel Ryan's 1955 return visit to Tehran and indication in the final chapter that Winston Churchill (1874-1965) is still alive at time of its completion."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_d4706800841dad6d10d1dda7e488435c\"\u003eTyped manuscript written by Colonel E.P.J. 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(Franklin Delano), 1882-1945","Stalin, Joseph, 1878-1953"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Teheran Conference (1943 : Tehran, Iran)","Ryan, O.B.E, Colonel E.P.J.","Churchill, Winston, 1874-1965","Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945","Stalin, Joseph, 1878-1953"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:20.288Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_774","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_774","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_774","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_774","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_774.xml","title_filing_ssi":"\"We Were Not Shadows\" by Colonel E.P.J. Ryan, O.B.E typed manuscript","title_ssm":["\"We Were Not Shadows\" by Colonel E.P.J. Ryan, O.B.E typed manuscript"],"title_tesim":["\"We Were Not Shadows\" by Colonel E.P.J. Ryan, O.B.E typed manuscript"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1955-1965"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1955-1965"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1955/1965"],"normalized_title_ssm":["\"We Were Not Shadows\" by Colonel E.P.J. Ryan, O.B.E typed manuscript, 1955/1965"],"text":["\"We Were Not Shadows\" by Colonel E.P.J. Ryan, O.B.E typed manuscript, 1955/1965","C0549","/repositories/2/resources/774","World War, 1939-1945","War","Manuscripts","Photographs","There are no access restrictions.","This is a single item collection.","AbeBooks. n.d. \"We Were Not Shadows. Persia and Iraq Command, 1943-1945. by TEHRAN CONFERENCE - RYAN, E. P. J. | Peter Harrington. ABA/ ILAB.\" Accessed April 1, 2026. https://www.abebooks.co.uk/first-edition/Shadows-Persia-Iraq-Command-1943-1945-TEHRAN/31951341128/bd.","Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. n.d. \"Tehran Conference.\" Britannica. Accessed April 1, 2026. https://www.britannica.com/event/Tehran-Conference.","Imperial War Museums. n.d. \"The Big Three and the Tehran Conference.\" Accessed April 1, 2026. https://www.iwm.org.uk/history/the-big-three-and-the-tehran-conference.","Office of the Historian. n.d. \"Milestones in the History of U.S. Foreign Relations.\" Accessed April 1, 2026. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1937-1945/tehran-conf.","The Gazette. 2024. \"What Is the Difference between a CBE, OBE, MBE and a Knighthood?\" January 4. https://www.thegazette.co.uk/awards-and-accreditation/content/103372.","Edward Patrick John Ryan was a British Indian Army career soldier and intelligence officer. In 1943, Colonel Ryan held the position of Deputy Director Military Intelligence, Paiforce, under the direction of General Arthur Selby, and was in charge of Prime Minster Winston Churchill's security arrangements for his visit to Tehran, Iran to participate in the meeting known as The Tehran Conference. During World War II (WWII), Colonel Ryan was awarded both Officer of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (OBE) and the U.S. Legion of Merit. In 1949, he was promoted to the substantive rank of Major and granted the honorary rank of Full Colonel in the Intelligence Corps. While Ryan appears to have entered civilian life soon after the end of WWII, becoming the Cairo-based representative of the Society of British Aircraft Constructors in late 1945, he officially retired as an Intelligence Corps. reserve officer in 1956.","The Tehran Conference, code-named \"Eureka\" during the planning stages, was the first in-person meeting between the \"Big Three\" leaders of the Allied Powers during WWII: U.S. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin. The meeting took place in Tehran, Iran between November 28 – December 1, 1943. The main focus of the meeting was coordination of military strategy against Germany and Japan, particularly the opening of a \"second front\" in western Europe, the launch of \"Operation Overlord\" by British and American forces into Northern France (which was subsequently executed in May 1944), and agreement that the Soviet Union would declare war against Japan following the Allied victory over Germany (with concessions from Roosevelt regarding Soviet ownership of islands and ports that would be finalized at the Yalta Conference in 1945). The meeting also saw discussions of long-range political planning for the post WWII era, including revision of Poland's eastern border (which was ratified at the Potsdam Conference in 1945), negotiations about the status of the Republics of Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia in regard to the Soviet Union, the composition of the future United Nations, the possible postwar partition of Germany, and a declaration guaranteeing the postwar independence and territorial integrity of the conference's host country of Iran.","Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in March 2026. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in April 2026.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other collections related to World War II, including Jerome Lawlor World War II scrapbook and Daniel Monson World War II aviation collection.","Typed manuscript written by Colonel E.P.J. Ryan, O.B.E, Persia and Iraq Command, 1943-1945 recounting the security arrangements for the Big Three, particularly British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, at the Tehran Conference from November 28 – December 1, 1943. The manuscript is contained in an enclosure, with title and author information typed on the front cover and on the first interior page. The inside of the front cover contains handwritten information likely pertaining to previous owners of the manuscript. The manuscript is divided into 17 chapters (written using Roman numerals) and one Prologue, written in first-person, and includes 101 numbered pages, with an additional three unnumbered pages containing pasted in actual black and white photographs of locations, people, and events related to the Tehran Conference, with typed captions under each photograph. A note at the front of the manuscript indicates that these photographs are \"from the Imperial War Museum\" in London, England. Prologue, Chapter, and photograph locations are listed in a Table of Contents at the beginning of the manuscript, with photographs being listed under the heading \"Illustrations.\"","Date information is based on indication in the manuscript itself that writing was started after Colonel Ryan's 1955 return visit to Tehran and indication in the final chapter that Winston Churchill (1874-1965) is still alive at time of its completion.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","Typed manuscript written by Colonel E.P.J. Ryan, O.B.E recounting the security arrangements for the Big Three, particularly British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, at the 1943 Tehran Conference.","R 73, C 2, S 4","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Teheran Conference (1943 : Tehran, Iran)","Ryan, O.B.E, Colonel E.P.J.","Churchill, Winston, 1874-1965","Roosevelt, Franklin D. 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Special Collections Research Center","Teheran Conference (1943 : Tehran, Iran)"],"creators_ssim":["Ryan, O.B.E, Colonel E.P.J.","Churchill, Winston, 1874-1965","Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945","Stalin, Joseph, 1878-1953","George Mason University. Libraries. 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Persia and Iraq Command, 1943-1945. by TEHRAN CONFERENCE - RYAN, E. P. J. | Peter Harrington. ABA/ ILAB.\" Accessed April 1, 2026. https://www.abebooks.co.uk/first-edition/Shadows-Persia-Iraq-Command-1943-1945-TEHRAN/31951341128/bd.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBritannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. n.d. \"Tehran Conference.\" Britannica. Accessed April 1, 2026. https://www.britannica.com/event/Tehran-Conference.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eImperial War Museums. n.d. \"The Big Three and the Tehran Conference.\" Accessed April 1, 2026. https://www.iwm.org.uk/history/the-big-three-and-the-tehran-conference.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOffice of the Historian. n.d. \"Milestones in the History of U.S. Foreign Relations.\" Accessed April 1, 2026. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1937-1945/tehran-conf.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Gazette. 2024. \"What Is the Difference between a CBE, OBE, MBE and a Knighthood?\" January 4. https://www.thegazette.co.uk/awards-and-accreditation/content/103372.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["AbeBooks. n.d. \"We Were Not Shadows. Persia and Iraq Command, 1943-1945. by TEHRAN CONFERENCE - RYAN, E. P. J. | Peter Harrington. ABA/ ILAB.\" Accessed April 1, 2026. https://www.abebooks.co.uk/first-edition/Shadows-Persia-Iraq-Command-1943-1945-TEHRAN/31951341128/bd.","Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. n.d. \"Tehran Conference.\" Britannica. Accessed April 1, 2026. https://www.britannica.com/event/Tehran-Conference.","Imperial War Museums. n.d. \"The Big Three and the Tehran Conference.\" Accessed April 1, 2026. https://www.iwm.org.uk/history/the-big-three-and-the-tehran-conference.","Office of the Historian. n.d. \"Milestones in the History of U.S. Foreign Relations.\" Accessed April 1, 2026. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1937-1945/tehran-conf.","The Gazette. 2024. \"What Is the Difference between a CBE, OBE, MBE and a Knighthood?\" January 4. https://www.thegazette.co.uk/awards-and-accreditation/content/103372."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEdward Patrick John Ryan was a British Indian Army career soldier and intelligence officer. In 1943, Colonel Ryan held the position of Deputy Director Military Intelligence, Paiforce, under the direction of General Arthur Selby, and was in charge of Prime Minster Winston Churchill's security arrangements for his visit to Tehran, Iran to participate in the meeting known as The Tehran Conference. During World War II (WWII), Colonel Ryan was awarded both Officer of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (OBE) and the U.S. Legion of Merit. In 1949, he was promoted to the substantive rank of Major and granted the honorary rank of Full Colonel in the Intelligence Corps. While Ryan appears to have entered civilian life soon after the end of WWII, becoming the Cairo-based representative of the Society of British Aircraft Constructors in late 1945, he officially retired as an Intelligence Corps. reserve officer in 1956.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Tehran Conference, code-named \"Eureka\" during the planning stages, was the first in-person meeting between the \"Big Three\" leaders of the Allied Powers during WWII: U.S. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin. The meeting took place in Tehran, Iran between November 28 – December 1, 1943. The main focus of the meeting was coordination of military strategy against Germany and Japan, particularly the opening of a \"second front\" in western Europe, the launch of \"Operation Overlord\" by British and American forces into Northern France (which was subsequently executed in May 1944), and agreement that the Soviet Union would declare war against Japan following the Allied victory over Germany (with concessions from Roosevelt regarding Soviet ownership of islands and ports that would be finalized at the Yalta Conference in 1945). The meeting also saw discussions of long-range political planning for the post WWII era, including revision of Poland's eastern border (which was ratified at the Potsdam Conference in 1945), negotiations about the status of the Republics of Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia in regard to the Soviet Union, the composition of the future United Nations, the possible postwar partition of Germany, and a declaration guaranteeing the postwar independence and territorial integrity of the conference's host country of Iran.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical and Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Edward Patrick John Ryan was a British Indian Army career soldier and intelligence officer. In 1943, Colonel Ryan held the position of Deputy Director Military Intelligence, Paiforce, under the direction of General Arthur Selby, and was in charge of Prime Minster Winston Churchill's security arrangements for his visit to Tehran, Iran to participate in the meeting known as The Tehran Conference. During World War II (WWII), Colonel Ryan was awarded both Officer of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (OBE) and the U.S. Legion of Merit. In 1949, he was promoted to the substantive rank of Major and granted the honorary rank of Full Colonel in the Intelligence Corps. While Ryan appears to have entered civilian life soon after the end of WWII, becoming the Cairo-based representative of the Society of British Aircraft Constructors in late 1945, he officially retired as an Intelligence Corps. reserve officer in 1956.","The Tehran Conference, code-named \"Eureka\" during the planning stages, was the first in-person meeting between the \"Big Three\" leaders of the Allied Powers during WWII: U.S. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin. The meeting took place in Tehran, Iran between November 28 – December 1, 1943. The main focus of the meeting was coordination of military strategy against Germany and Japan, particularly the opening of a \"second front\" in western Europe, the launch of \"Operation Overlord\" by British and American forces into Northern France (which was subsequently executed in May 1944), and agreement that the Soviet Union would declare war against Japan following the Allied victory over Germany (with concessions from Roosevelt regarding Soviet ownership of islands and ports that would be finalized at the Yalta Conference in 1945). The meeting also saw discussions of long-range political planning for the post WWII era, including revision of Poland's eastern border (which was ratified at the Potsdam Conference in 1945), negotiations about the status of the Republics of Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia in regard to the Soviet Union, the composition of the future United Nations, the possible postwar partition of Germany, and a declaration guaranteeing the postwar independence and territorial integrity of the conference's host country of Iran."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"We Were Not Shadows\" by Colonel E.P.J. Ryan, O.B.E typed manuscript, C0549, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["\"We Were Not Shadows\" by Colonel E.P.J. Ryan, O.B.E typed manuscript, C0549, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in March 2026. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in April 2026.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in March 2026. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in April 2026."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other collections related to \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/subjects/sh85148273\"\u003eWorld War II\u003c/a\u003e, including \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0318\"\u003eJerome Lawlor World War II scrapbook\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0323\"\u003eDaniel Monson World War II aviation collection\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other collections related to World War II, including Jerome Lawlor World War II scrapbook and Daniel Monson World War II aviation collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTyped manuscript written by Colonel E.P.J. Ryan, O.B.E, Persia and Iraq Command, 1943-1945 recounting the security arrangements for the Big Three, particularly British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, at the Tehran Conference from November 28 – December 1, 1943. The manuscript is contained in an enclosure, with title and author information typed on the front cover and on the first interior page. The inside of the front cover contains handwritten information likely pertaining to previous owners of the manuscript. The manuscript is divided into 17 chapters (written using Roman numerals) and one Prologue, written in first-person, and includes 101 numbered pages, with an additional three unnumbered pages containing pasted in actual black and white photographs of locations, people, and events related to the Tehran Conference, with typed captions under each photograph. A note at the front of the manuscript indicates that these photographs are \"from the Imperial War Museum\" in London, England. Prologue, Chapter, and photograph locations are listed in a Table of Contents at the beginning of the manuscript, with photographs being listed under the heading \"Illustrations.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDate information is based on indication in the manuscript itself that writing was started after Colonel Ryan's 1955 return visit to Tehran and indication in the final chapter that Winston Churchill (1874-1965) is still alive at time of its completion.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Typed manuscript written by Colonel E.P.J. Ryan, O.B.E, Persia and Iraq Command, 1943-1945 recounting the security arrangements for the Big Three, particularly British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, at the Tehran Conference from November 28 – December 1, 1943. The manuscript is contained in an enclosure, with title and author information typed on the front cover and on the first interior page. The inside of the front cover contains handwritten information likely pertaining to previous owners of the manuscript. The manuscript is divided into 17 chapters (written using Roman numerals) and one Prologue, written in first-person, and includes 101 numbered pages, with an additional three unnumbered pages containing pasted in actual black and white photographs of locations, people, and events related to the Tehran Conference, with typed captions under each photograph. A note at the front of the manuscript indicates that these photographs are \"from the Imperial War Museum\" in London, England. Prologue, Chapter, and photograph locations are listed in a Table of Contents at the beginning of the manuscript, with photographs being listed under the heading \"Illustrations.\"","Date information is based on indication in the manuscript itself that writing was started after Colonel Ryan's 1955 return visit to Tehran and indication in the final chapter that Winston Churchill (1874-1965) is still alive at time of its completion."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_d4706800841dad6d10d1dda7e488435c\"\u003eTyped manuscript written by Colonel E.P.J. 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