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The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Fortnightly Club (Lexington, Va)","Club of Rome","Washington and Lee University","College of New Jersey (Princeton, N.J.)","Wake Forest College","Virginia Military Institute","College of William \u0026 Mary","Marshall Plan","United States. Army. Signal Intelligence Service","Rockbridge County High School","Great Northern Railway Company (U.S.)","Union Pacific Railroad Company","Blue Plains Sewage Treatment Plant (Washington, D. C.)","North River Navigation Company","Uganda Railway","Imperial British East Africa Company","Shakers","Great Britain. MI6","Lewis and Clark Trail"],"names_coll_ssim":["Fortnightly Club (Lexington, Va)"],"persname_ssim":["Atwood, Edward Charles, Jr.","Ricardo, David, 1772-1823","Malthus, T. R. 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(Hugh Macdonald), 1910-1990","Menzies, Stewart Graham, Sir, 1890-1968","Buck, Carrie, 1906-1983","Bell, John H. (John Hendren), 1883-1934","Holmes, Oliver Wendell, 1809-1894","Hoyt, William Dana, 1880-1945","Baird, Bill, b. 1932","Eisenstadt, Thomas S. (Thomas Stephen), b. 1936","McCorduck, Pamela, 1940-2021","Babbage, Charles, 1791-1871","Hollerith, Herman, 1860-1929","Von Neumann, John, 1903-1957","Turing, Alan, 1912-1954","Simon, Herbert A. (Herbert Alexander), 1916-2001","Campbell, Henry Donald","Carlsson, P. Allan","Fornander, Abraham, 1812-1887","Chapman, N. 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(Pinkey)","Vance, Dan C.","Walker, Sam S.","Warren, Jim","Whitman, Walt","Watson, Charles C.","Watt, William Joseph","Lind, Samuel C.","Howe, James Lewis","Pauling, Linus","Welles, Paul N.","Williams, Jon","Adams, James L."],"language_ssim":["Materials entirely in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":598,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:38:39.199Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_691_c02_c07_c04"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_191","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection, 1923/1933","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_191#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Nagurney, Mr.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_191#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_191#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_191","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_191","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_191","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_191","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_191.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection","title_ssm":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection"],"title_tesim":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1923-1933"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1923-1933"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1923/1933"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection, 1923/1933"],"text":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection, 1923/1933","C0200","/repositories/2/resources/191","Manchuria (China)","China","Collodion process","Lantern slides","War crimes","War","Mukden Incident, China, 1931","War casualties","Artillery","Glass negatives","There are no access restrictions.","The entire collection is available online through the .  You can also access the digital items through the inventory on this finding aid.","Arranged into four series.","Series\n      Series 1: Negatives, 1920s-1930s (Box 1)\n      Series 2: Maps, 1920s-1930s (Box 1)\n      Series 3: War Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Boxes 1-2)\n      Series 4: General Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Box 2)","The majority of the photographs in this collection appear to document the Japanese invasion of Manchuria. On September 19, 1931, the Kwantung Army of the Empire of Japan invaded Manchuria following the Mukden (Manchurian) Incident.","Processed by Kristen Korfitzen in November 2011. EAD created by Kristen Korfitzen in November 2011.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds other collections of lantern slides.","The Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933. The maps mainly show Jehol Province, which in 1955 was dissolved and incorporated into several other provinces. The maps highlight several passes in Jehol strategically important for the Japanese invasion. Other maps in the collection include larger areas of the Republic of China, areas of China under Communist control prior to the Chinese Civil War, and maps of Asia and Eurasia. The photo slides show various images of war throughout a possible 10 to 20 year period. The images include; soldiers in and out of combat, soldiers transporting weapons, soldiers demonstrating and displaying weapons, civilian casualties, destruction of cities, rebuilding of cities, armored vehicles and buildings around Manchuria. Images of soldiers could be from both Chinese and Japanese armies.","Series 1 consists of four glass negatives. The negatives feature images of soldiers in combat and are reproduced as lantern slides in the general collection.","Series 2 consists of map slides. Several slides depict maps of Jehol province dated to 1933. Maps of Jehol highlight areas of strategic importance for the Japanese invasion, routes of transportation, and combat maneuvers. Other maps in this series include larger maps of China, maps of Asia, maps of Eastern Hemisphere with the Eurasian continent highlighted and maps of areas of interest for the Japanese Empire.","Series 3 contains photographic slides relating to the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and other conflicts in the region during a similar time period. Images represented in these slides include pictures relating to all aspects of war and conflict. Many of the images document the damage inflicted on urban areas in China, including the destruction of entire cities. Civilians in these images go about their daily business amongst demolished buildings and rubble strewn streets. Several images document the Chinese and Japanese armies' use of weaponry and combat tactics. Weapons such as armored trains, first introduced in China during the Japanese invasion, cannon, mortar and machine guns are picture in use and for display purposes. Images of soldiers show them in active combat and occupying war camps. Lastly, graphic images of war casualties show bodies burned and assembled in large piles and mass graves.","Series 4 contains photographic slides of Manchuria and other areas. Photographs in this series depict urban areas of China, featuring scenes of residents and soldiers populating city streets and public squares. Images in this series also highlight historically and culturally significant architecture showing both Western and Chinese style buildings. Also included in this series are images of battleships and other large ships at sea and a major port.","No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)","The Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Japan. Rikugun","Nagurney, Mr.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection, 1923/1933"],"collection_ssim":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection, 1923/1933"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0200","/repositories/2/resources/191"],"unitid_tesim":["C0200","/repositories/2/resources/191"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Manchuria (China)","China"],"geogname_ssim":["Manchuria (China)","China"],"places_ssim":["Manchuria (China)","China"],"creator_ssm":["Nagurney, Mr."],"creator_ssim":["Nagurney, Mr."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Nagurney, Mr."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Japan. Rikugun"],"creators_ssim":["Nagurney, Mr.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Japan. Rikugun"],"access_terms_ssm":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Mr. Nagurney in 1978."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Collodion process","Lantern slides","War crimes","War","Mukden Incident, China, 1931","War casualties","Artillery","Glass negatives"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Collodion process","Lantern slides","War crimes","War","Mukden Incident, China, 1931","War casualties","Artillery","Glass negatives"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Linear Feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["1 Linear Feet 2 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is available online through the \u003cextptr href=\"http://images.gmu.edu/luna/servlet/GMUDPSdps~29~29\" title=\"Japanese invasion of Manchuria collection\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.  You can also access the digital items through the inventory on this finding aid.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternate Format Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["The entire collection is available online through the .  You can also access the digital items through the inventory on this finding aid."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged into four series.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Negatives, 1920s-1930s (Box 1)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Maps, 1920s-1930s (Box 1)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: War Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Boxes 1-2)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: General Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Box 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged into four series.","Series\n      Series 1: Negatives, 1920s-1930s (Box 1)\n      Series 2: Maps, 1920s-1930s (Box 1)\n      Series 3: War Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Boxes 1-2)\n      Series 4: General Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Box 2)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe majority of the photographs in this collection appear to document the Japanese invasion of Manchuria. On September 19, 1931, the Kwantung Army of the Empire of Japan invaded Manchuria following the Mukden (Manchurian) Incident.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The majority of the photographs in this collection appear to document the Japanese invasion of Manchuria. On September 19, 1931, the Kwantung Army of the Empire of Japan invaded Manchuria following the Mukden (Manchurian) Incident."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJapanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection, C0200, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection, C0200, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Kristen Korfitzen in November 2011. EAD created by Kristen Korfitzen in November 2011.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Kristen Korfitzen in November 2011. EAD created by Kristen Korfitzen in November 2011."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds other collections of lantern slides.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds other collections of lantern slides."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933. The maps mainly show Jehol Province, which in 1955 was dissolved and incorporated into several other provinces. The maps highlight several passes in Jehol strategically important for the Japanese invasion. Other maps in the collection include larger areas of the Republic of China, areas of China under Communist control prior to the Chinese Civil War, and maps of Asia and Eurasia. The photo slides show various images of war throughout a possible 10 to 20 year period. The images include; soldiers in and out of combat, soldiers transporting weapons, soldiers demonstrating and displaying weapons, civilian casualties, destruction of cities, rebuilding of cities, armored vehicles and buildings around Manchuria. Images of soldiers could be from both Chinese and Japanese armies. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 1 consists of four glass negatives. The negatives feature images of soldiers in combat and are reproduced as lantern slides in the general collection. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 2 consists of map slides. Several slides depict maps of Jehol province dated to 1933. Maps of Jehol highlight areas of strategic importance for the Japanese invasion, routes of transportation, and combat maneuvers. Other maps in this series include larger maps of China, maps of Asia, maps of Eastern Hemisphere with the Eurasian continent highlighted and maps of areas of interest for the Japanese Empire.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 3 contains photographic slides relating to the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and other conflicts in the region during a similar time period. Images represented in these slides include pictures relating to all aspects of war and conflict. Many of the images document the damage inflicted on urban areas in China, including the destruction of entire cities. Civilians in these images go about their daily business amongst demolished buildings and rubble strewn streets. Several images document the Chinese and Japanese armies' use of weaponry and combat tactics. Weapons such as armored trains, first introduced in China during the Japanese invasion, cannon, mortar and machine guns are picture in use and for display purposes. Images of soldiers show them in active combat and occupying war camps. Lastly, graphic images of war casualties show bodies burned and assembled in large piles and mass graves. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 4 contains photographic slides of Manchuria and other areas. Photographs in this series depict urban areas of China, featuring scenes of residents and soldiers populating city streets and public squares. Images in this series also highlight historically and culturally significant architecture showing both Western and Chinese style buildings. Also included in this series are images of battleships and other large ships at sea and a major port. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933. The maps mainly show Jehol Province, which in 1955 was dissolved and incorporated into several other provinces. The maps highlight several passes in Jehol strategically important for the Japanese invasion. Other maps in the collection include larger areas of the Republic of China, areas of China under Communist control prior to the Chinese Civil War, and maps of Asia and Eurasia. The photo slides show various images of war throughout a possible 10 to 20 year period. The images include; soldiers in and out of combat, soldiers transporting weapons, soldiers demonstrating and displaying weapons, civilian casualties, destruction of cities, rebuilding of cities, armored vehicles and buildings around Manchuria. Images of soldiers could be from both Chinese and Japanese armies.","Series 1 consists of four glass negatives. The negatives feature images of soldiers in combat and are reproduced as lantern slides in the general collection.","Series 2 consists of map slides. Several slides depict maps of Jehol province dated to 1933. Maps of Jehol highlight areas of strategic importance for the Japanese invasion, routes of transportation, and combat maneuvers. Other maps in this series include larger maps of China, maps of Asia, maps of Eastern Hemisphere with the Eurasian continent highlighted and maps of areas of interest for the Japanese Empire.","Series 3 contains photographic slides relating to the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and other conflicts in the region during a similar time period. Images represented in these slides include pictures relating to all aspects of war and conflict. Many of the images document the damage inflicted on urban areas in China, including the destruction of entire cities. Civilians in these images go about their daily business amongst demolished buildings and rubble strewn streets. Several images document the Chinese and Japanese armies' use of weaponry and combat tactics. Weapons such as armored trains, first introduced in China during the Japanese invasion, cannon, mortar and machine guns are picture in use and for display purposes. Images of soldiers show them in active combat and occupying war camps. Lastly, graphic images of war casualties show bodies burned and assembled in large piles and mass graves.","Series 4 contains photographic slides of Manchuria and other areas. Photographs in this series depict urban areas of China, featuring scenes of residents and soldiers populating city streets and public squares. Images in this series also highlight historically and culturally significant architecture showing both Western and Chinese style buildings. Also included in this series are images of battleships and other large ships at sea and a major port."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8e09b4d420beb4280c6f583203812a7f\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Japan. Rikugun"],"names_coll_ssim":["Japan. Rikugun"],"persname_ssim":["Nagurney, Mr."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Japan. Rikugun","Nagurney, Mr."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":107,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:31.450Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_191","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_191","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_191","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_191","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_191.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection","title_ssm":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection"],"title_tesim":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1923-1933"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1923-1933"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1923/1933"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection, 1923/1933"],"text":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection, 1923/1933","C0200","/repositories/2/resources/191","Manchuria (China)","China","Collodion process","Lantern slides","War crimes","War","Mukden Incident, China, 1931","War casualties","Artillery","Glass negatives","There are no access restrictions.","The entire collection is available online through the .  You can also access the digital items through the inventory on this finding aid.","Arranged into four series.","Series\n      Series 1: Negatives, 1920s-1930s (Box 1)\n      Series 2: Maps, 1920s-1930s (Box 1)\n      Series 3: War Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Boxes 1-2)\n      Series 4: General Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Box 2)","The majority of the photographs in this collection appear to document the Japanese invasion of Manchuria. On September 19, 1931, the Kwantung Army of the Empire of Japan invaded Manchuria following the Mukden (Manchurian) Incident.","Processed by Kristen Korfitzen in November 2011. EAD created by Kristen Korfitzen in November 2011.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds other collections of lantern slides.","The Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933. The maps mainly show Jehol Province, which in 1955 was dissolved and incorporated into several other provinces. The maps highlight several passes in Jehol strategically important for the Japanese invasion. Other maps in the collection include larger areas of the Republic of China, areas of China under Communist control prior to the Chinese Civil War, and maps of Asia and Eurasia. The photo slides show various images of war throughout a possible 10 to 20 year period. The images include; soldiers in and out of combat, soldiers transporting weapons, soldiers demonstrating and displaying weapons, civilian casualties, destruction of cities, rebuilding of cities, armored vehicles and buildings around Manchuria. Images of soldiers could be from both Chinese and Japanese armies.","Series 1 consists of four glass negatives. The negatives feature images of soldiers in combat and are reproduced as lantern slides in the general collection.","Series 2 consists of map slides. Several slides depict maps of Jehol province dated to 1933. Maps of Jehol highlight areas of strategic importance for the Japanese invasion, routes of transportation, and combat maneuvers. Other maps in this series include larger maps of China, maps of Asia, maps of Eastern Hemisphere with the Eurasian continent highlighted and maps of areas of interest for the Japanese Empire.","Series 3 contains photographic slides relating to the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and other conflicts in the region during a similar time period. Images represented in these slides include pictures relating to all aspects of war and conflict. Many of the images document the damage inflicted on urban areas in China, including the destruction of entire cities. Civilians in these images go about their daily business amongst demolished buildings and rubble strewn streets. Several images document the Chinese and Japanese armies' use of weaponry and combat tactics. Weapons such as armored trains, first introduced in China during the Japanese invasion, cannon, mortar and machine guns are picture in use and for display purposes. Images of soldiers show them in active combat and occupying war camps. Lastly, graphic images of war casualties show bodies burned and assembled in large piles and mass graves.","Series 4 contains photographic slides of Manchuria and other areas. Photographs in this series depict urban areas of China, featuring scenes of residents and soldiers populating city streets and public squares. Images in this series also highlight historically and culturally significant architecture showing both Western and Chinese style buildings. Also included in this series are images of battleships and other large ships at sea and a major port.","No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)","The Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Japan. Rikugun","Nagurney, Mr.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection, 1923/1933"],"collection_ssim":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection, 1923/1933"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0200","/repositories/2/resources/191"],"unitid_tesim":["C0200","/repositories/2/resources/191"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Manchuria (China)","China"],"geogname_ssim":["Manchuria (China)","China"],"places_ssim":["Manchuria (China)","China"],"creator_ssm":["Nagurney, Mr."],"creator_ssim":["Nagurney, Mr."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Nagurney, Mr."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Japan. Rikugun"],"creators_ssim":["Nagurney, Mr.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Japan. Rikugun"],"access_terms_ssm":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Mr. Nagurney in 1978."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Collodion process","Lantern slides","War crimes","War","Mukden Incident, China, 1931","War casualties","Artillery","Glass negatives"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Collodion process","Lantern slides","War crimes","War","Mukden Incident, China, 1931","War casualties","Artillery","Glass negatives"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Linear Feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["1 Linear Feet 2 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is available online through the \u003cextptr href=\"http://images.gmu.edu/luna/servlet/GMUDPSdps~29~29\" title=\"Japanese invasion of Manchuria collection\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.  You can also access the digital items through the inventory on this finding aid.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternate Format Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["The entire collection is available online through the .  You can also access the digital items through the inventory on this finding aid."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged into four series.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Negatives, 1920s-1930s (Box 1)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Maps, 1920s-1930s (Box 1)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: War Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Boxes 1-2)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: General Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Box 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged into four series.","Series\n      Series 1: Negatives, 1920s-1930s (Box 1)\n      Series 2: Maps, 1920s-1930s (Box 1)\n      Series 3: War Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Boxes 1-2)\n      Series 4: General Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Box 2)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe majority of the photographs in this collection appear to document the Japanese invasion of Manchuria. On September 19, 1931, the Kwantung Army of the Empire of Japan invaded Manchuria following the Mukden (Manchurian) Incident.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The majority of the photographs in this collection appear to document the Japanese invasion of Manchuria. On September 19, 1931, the Kwantung Army of the Empire of Japan invaded Manchuria following the Mukden (Manchurian) Incident."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJapanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection, C0200, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection, C0200, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Kristen Korfitzen in November 2011. EAD created by Kristen Korfitzen in November 2011.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Kristen Korfitzen in November 2011. EAD created by Kristen Korfitzen in November 2011."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds other collections of lantern slides.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds other collections of lantern slides."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933. The maps mainly show Jehol Province, which in 1955 was dissolved and incorporated into several other provinces. The maps highlight several passes in Jehol strategically important for the Japanese invasion. Other maps in the collection include larger areas of the Republic of China, areas of China under Communist control prior to the Chinese Civil War, and maps of Asia and Eurasia. The photo slides show various images of war throughout a possible 10 to 20 year period. The images include; soldiers in and out of combat, soldiers transporting weapons, soldiers demonstrating and displaying weapons, civilian casualties, destruction of cities, rebuilding of cities, armored vehicles and buildings around Manchuria. Images of soldiers could be from both Chinese and Japanese armies. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 1 consists of four glass negatives. The negatives feature images of soldiers in combat and are reproduced as lantern slides in the general collection. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 2 consists of map slides. Several slides depict maps of Jehol province dated to 1933. Maps of Jehol highlight areas of strategic importance for the Japanese invasion, routes of transportation, and combat maneuvers. Other maps in this series include larger maps of China, maps of Asia, maps of Eastern Hemisphere with the Eurasian continent highlighted and maps of areas of interest for the Japanese Empire.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 3 contains photographic slides relating to the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and other conflicts in the region during a similar time period. Images represented in these slides include pictures relating to all aspects of war and conflict. Many of the images document the damage inflicted on urban areas in China, including the destruction of entire cities. Civilians in these images go about their daily business amongst demolished buildings and rubble strewn streets. Several images document the Chinese and Japanese armies' use of weaponry and combat tactics. Weapons such as armored trains, first introduced in China during the Japanese invasion, cannon, mortar and machine guns are picture in use and for display purposes. Images of soldiers show them in active combat and occupying war camps. Lastly, graphic images of war casualties show bodies burned and assembled in large piles and mass graves. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 4 contains photographic slides of Manchuria and other areas. Photographs in this series depict urban areas of China, featuring scenes of residents and soldiers populating city streets and public squares. Images in this series also highlight historically and culturally significant architecture showing both Western and Chinese style buildings. Also included in this series are images of battleships and other large ships at sea and a major port. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933. The maps mainly show Jehol Province, which in 1955 was dissolved and incorporated into several other provinces. The maps highlight several passes in Jehol strategically important for the Japanese invasion. Other maps in the collection include larger areas of the Republic of China, areas of China under Communist control prior to the Chinese Civil War, and maps of Asia and Eurasia. The photo slides show various images of war throughout a possible 10 to 20 year period. The images include; soldiers in and out of combat, soldiers transporting weapons, soldiers demonstrating and displaying weapons, civilian casualties, destruction of cities, rebuilding of cities, armored vehicles and buildings around Manchuria. Images of soldiers could be from both Chinese and Japanese armies.","Series 1 consists of four glass negatives. The negatives feature images of soldiers in combat and are reproduced as lantern slides in the general collection.","Series 2 consists of map slides. Several slides depict maps of Jehol province dated to 1933. Maps of Jehol highlight areas of strategic importance for the Japanese invasion, routes of transportation, and combat maneuvers. Other maps in this series include larger maps of China, maps of Asia, maps of Eastern Hemisphere with the Eurasian continent highlighted and maps of areas of interest for the Japanese Empire.","Series 3 contains photographic slides relating to the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and other conflicts in the region during a similar time period. Images represented in these slides include pictures relating to all aspects of war and conflict. Many of the images document the damage inflicted on urban areas in China, including the destruction of entire cities. Civilians in these images go about their daily business amongst demolished buildings and rubble strewn streets. Several images document the Chinese and Japanese armies' use of weaponry and combat tactics. Weapons such as armored trains, first introduced in China during the Japanese invasion, cannon, mortar and machine guns are picture in use and for display purposes. Images of soldiers show them in active combat and occupying war camps. Lastly, graphic images of war casualties show bodies burned and assembled in large piles and mass graves.","Series 4 contains photographic slides of Manchuria and other areas. Photographs in this series depict urban areas of China, featuring scenes of residents and soldiers populating city streets and public squares. Images in this series also highlight historically and culturally significant architecture showing both Western and Chinese style buildings. Also included in this series are images of battleships and other large ships at sea and a major port."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8e09b4d420beb4280c6f583203812a7f\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Japan. Rikugun"],"names_coll_ssim":["Japan. Rikugun"],"persname_ssim":["Nagurney, Mr."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Japan. Rikugun","Nagurney, Mr."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":107,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:31.450Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_191"}},{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_261_c16_c01_c10_c21","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"The John Randolph Tucker Lectures, 1951","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_261_c16_c01_c10_c21#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis folder is the program for the John Randolph Tucker Lecture for 1951 by the Honorable John J. Parker:. 'The Significance of the Nurnberg Trials in Establishing a World Order Based on Law.'\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_261_c16_c01_c10_c21#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_261_c16_c01_c10_c21","ref_ssm":["vilxw_repositories_5_resources_261_c16_c01_c10_c21"],"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_261_c16_c01_c10_c21","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_261","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_261","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_261_c16_c01_c10","parent_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_261_c16_c01_c10","parent_ssim":["Academic Departments - Record Group 9","Journalism Department","Journalism Laboratory Press Publications","Publications, 1951/1960"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vilxw_repositories_5_resources_261","vilxw_repositories_5_resources_261_c16","vilxw_repositories_5_resources_261_c16_c01","vilxw_repositories_5_resources_261_c16_c01_c10"],"title_filing_ssi":"The John Randolph Tucker Lectures","title_ssm":["The John Randolph Tucker Lectures"],"title_tesim":["The John Randolph Tucker Lectures"],"normalized_title_ssm":["The John Randolph Tucker Lectures, 1951"],"text":["The John Randolph Tucker Lectures, 1951","Academic Departments - Record Group 9","Journalism Department","Journalism Laboratory Press Publications","Publications, 1951/1960","Washington and Lee University. 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'The Significance of the Nurnberg Trials in Establishing a World Order Based on Law.'"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Academic Departments - Record Group 9","Journalism Department","Journalism Laboratory Press Publications","Publications, 1951/1960"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Academic Departments - Record Group 9","Journalism Department","Journalism Laboratory Press Publications","Publications, 1951/1960"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1951"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1951"],"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"component_level_isim":[4],"sort_isi":175,"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"collection_ssim":["Academic Departments - Record Group 9"],"extent_ssm":["2 Item"],"extent_tesim":["2 Item"],"creator_ssim":["Washington and Lee University. Journalism Laboratory Press","Parker, John","Washington and Lee University. Trustees"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research use."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University. Journalism Laboratory Press","Washington and Lee University. Trustees"],"persname_ssim":["Parker, John"],"names_ssim":["Washington and Lee University. Journalism Laboratory Press","Washington and Lee University. Trustees","Parker, John"],"access_subjects_ssim":["War crimes","War crimes -- Law and legislation"],"access_subjects_ssm":["War crimes","War crimes -- Law and legislation"],"language_ssim":["English."],"date_range_isim":[1951],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis folder is the program for the John Randolph Tucker Lecture for 1951 by the Honorable John J. Parker:. 'The Significance of the Nurnberg Trials in Establishing a World Order Based on Law.'\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This folder is the program for the John Randolph Tucker Lecture for 1951 by the Honorable John J. Parker:. 'The Significance of the Nurnberg Trials in Establishing a World Order Based on Law.'"],"_nest_path_":"/components#15/components#0/components#9/components#20","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:38:07.513Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_261","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_261","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_261","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_261","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WLU/repositories_5_resources_261.xml","title_ssm":["Academic Departments - Record Group 9"],"title_tesim":["Academic Departments - Record Group 9"],"unitdate_ssm":["Date Not Yet Determined"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Date Not Yet Determined"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Academic Departments - Record Group 9"],"text":["Academic Departments - Record Group 9","WLU.RG.0009","/repositories/5/resources/261","This collection is open for research use.","View materials from this collection online via W\u0026L's Digital Archive","This record group contains materials created by individual academic departments.","The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.","Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Washington and Lee University","Washington and Lee University. Art Department","Washington and Lee University. Journalism Laboratory Press","Washington and Lee University. Department of Athletics","Lee Memorial Association","Washington and Lee University. Department of Athletics. Football","Philobiblon. A Magazine for Book Collectors","Herbert Reichner Verlag","Washington and Lee University. Phi Beta Kappa","Washington and Lee University. Phi Kappa Psi","Confederate States of America. Army.  Virginia Cavalry Regiment, 3rd","Garden Club of Virginia","Southern Newspaper Publishers' Association","Graphic Arts Education Guild","Washington and Lee University.  Journalism Department","Washington and Lee University. Alumni Office","University of Virginia","Washington and Lee University. School of Law","Washington and Lee University. Cyrus Hall McCormick Library","Washington and Lee University. Department of Music","Washington and Lee University. Williams School of Commerce, Economics and Politics","Washington and Lee University. Trustees","Virginia Press Association","Men's Glee Club . Washington and Lee University  (Washington and Lee University )","SONOKLECT","University Jazz Ensemble. Washington and Lee University (Washington and Lee University)","University String Ensemble. Washington and Lee University (Washington and Lee University )","University Wind Ensemble. Washington and Lee University  (Washington and Lee University )","University Singers. 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Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["x Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["x Linear Feet"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research use."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://repository.wlu.edu/handle/11021/33032\"\u003eView materials from this collection online via W\u0026amp;L's Digital Archive\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["View materials from this collection online via W\u0026L's Digital Archive"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Record Group 9: Academic Departments, Special Collections and Archives, James G. 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