{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Virginia%E2%80%94History%E2%80%94Civil+War%2C+1861-1865\u0026page=6\u0026view=compact","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Virginia%E2%80%94History%E2%80%94Civil+War%2C+1861-1865\u0026page=5\u0026view=compact","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Virginia%E2%80%94History%E2%80%94Civil+War%2C+1861-1865\u0026page=7\u0026view=compact","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Virginia%E2%80%94History%E2%80%94Civil+War%2C+1861-1865\u0026page=8\u0026view=compact"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":6,"next_page":7,"prev_page":5,"total_pages":8,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":50,"total_count":76,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582_c01_c02_c01","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Letter to Samuel V. Gatewood and Eugenia S. 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Gatewood (Massie)","title_ssm":["Letter to Samuel V. Gatewood and Eugenia S. Gatewood (Massie)"],"title_tesim":["Letter to Samuel V. Gatewood and Eugenia S. Gatewood (Massie)"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Letter to Samuel V. Gatewood and Eugenia S. Gatewood (Massie), 1861"],"text":["Letter to Samuel V. Gatewood and Eugenia S. Gatewood (Massie), 1861","Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860/1993","Correspondence, 1860/1864","Correspondence, 1861","Secession","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1864","Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1860-1869","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence","English","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that he did well on his examinations and gives his class standing. The letter also mentions the secession of Florida and other states."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860/1993","Correspondence, 1860/1864","Correspondence, 1861"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Andrew C. L. 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The letter also mentions the secession of Florida and other states."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#1/components#0","timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:59:54.976Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_582.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vmi/vilxv00001.xml","title_ssm":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers"],"title_tesim":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1860-1993"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1860-1993"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1860/1993"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860/1993"],"text":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860/1993","MS.0068","/repositories/3/resources/582","Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1860-1869","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Cavalry Regiment, 11th","Bull Run, 2nd Battle of, Va., 1862","Soldiers—Virginia—Correspondence","Lexington (Va.)—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia Military Institute—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1864","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives—Confederate","Correspondence","Account Books","Manuscripts","Clippings","There are no restrictions.","Andrew Cameron Lewis Gatewood was born at Mountain Grove, Bath County, Virginia, on June 30, 1843 to Samuel Vance Gatewood (1810-1861) and Eugenia Sophia Massie (1819-1884). He entered the VMI in July 1860, where he served as a cadet until the outbreak of the Civil War in April 1861. On April 16, 1861, he accompanied the Corps of Cadets to Richmond, Virginia where he served as a drillmaster to new\nConfederate recruits. Gatewood subsequently served in the same capacity under General Robert S. Garnett at Laurel Hill, Barbour County, West Virginia. He joined the 11th Virginia Cavalry Regiment in March 1862 and was elected 2nd Lieutenant,\n\"F\" Company (Bath Squadron). He served in this unit until the end of the War.","At the close of the Civil War, Gatewood returned to Bath County. His father had died suddenly in 1861 without leaving a will, and as the oldest son, he took on responsibility for his family's affairs. He married his childhood sweetheart, Mary Skillern Warwick (1845-1922) in 1869 and the couple had seven children: William Beale, Eugene Samuel, Massie Cameron, Andrew Warwick, Mary Preston, Eliza Pleasants, and one child who died in infancy. The couple moved to Big Spring, Pocahontas County, West Virginia in 1877 where Gatewood spent the remainder of his life working as a farmer and stock raiser. He died on July 31, 1919.","The bulk of the Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers consist of 28 letters (dated 1860-1864) written by Gatewood to his parents and other family members. Early letters describe life at VMI and in Lexington, Virginia, just prior to and during early months of the Civil War. Subsequent letters date from Gatewood's service with the 11th Virginia Cavalry Regiment, Company F (Bath Squadron), including a letter (dated September 1862) written after the Second Battle of Manassas (2nd Bull Run).","The papers also include a \"History of the Bath Squadron,\" consisting of a manuscript fragment, copies of a series of published newspaper articles concerning the unit, and an edited transcription, publications concerning Confederate veteran reunions, and Gatewood's VMI cadet account book.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards initiation of new cadets, early reference to term \"rat\" as a name for a new cadet, complaints of homesickness, and comments on living in camp.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes daily routine of cadets, life in camp, and difficulty of studies.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes dismantling summer camp and moving into barracks.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses family matters, including court summons.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses examinations, Christmas at VMI, and the secession of South Carolina.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter mentions examinations and the secession of South Carolina.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that he did well on his examinations and gives his class standing. The letter also mentions the secession of Florida and other states.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses the family's runaway slave, Jesse, and mentions willingness of cadets to fight to \"save Virginia.\"","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses general news, including an invitation to a party, his studies, and a request for money.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses squad drill, general news, and speculates about Virginia secession and the War.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses the need for new summer pants and the high price of cloth.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses general news, living in barracks, and anxiety about the return to summer camp in July.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes the \"flag raising incident,\" a confrontation between Lexington secessionists (including cadets), and pro-Union citizens.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes excitement among VMI cadets as Virginia decides to secede, suspension of academic duty, and cadet preparation for war.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that the Corps of Cadets will be ordered to Richmond, Virginia probably to drill recruits.","Written from Richmond, Virginia. Letter describes the cadets' journey from Lexington, Virginia to Richmond and more news of drilling new recruits.","Written from Richmond, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that he is drilling a company of new recruits and hopes for a commission.","Written from Ashland, Virginia. Letter discusses a transfer to the Ashland Camp of Instruction to drill army recruits.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Andrew C. L. Gatewood has returned to VMI to drill new cadets and University of Virginia students who are at VMI to receive training. Letter includes a complaint that he is not paid for his services and is still expected to pay room and board and the hopes to get a furlough.","Written from Mountain Grove, Virginia. Letter discusses preparations to serve as drillmaster with the 81st regiment.","Written from Manassas, Virginia. Letter describes the Second Battle of Manassas.","Written from Edinburg, Virginia. Letter discusses potential to be sent to Harrisonburg, Virginia and mentions victory at Vicksburg, Virginia.","Written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards general news.","Written from Falling Springs Church, Rockbridge County, Virginia. Letter regards regiment encampment.","Letter written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards the regiment's presentation of the VMI Corps of Cadets with a captured flag and a review of troops by General Smith.","Written from Waynesboro, Virginia. Letter regards camp at Waynesboro and expected orders to march and battle.","Written from Waynesboro, Virginia. Letter regards that the brigade is ordered to eastern Virginia.","Written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards general news from camp.","Account book contains entries for cadet expenses from July 31, 1860 to May 22, 1861.","Partial \"History of the Bath Squadron or Recollections of Thirty Years Ago\" manuscript in Andrew C. L. Gatewood's hand.","\"History of the Bath Squadron\" typescript with annotations by C.L. Gatewood's grandson, John M. Dunlap, Jr. Included is a 5.25 inch floppy disk that contains a digital version of the typescript.","Written by Dr. Hunter McGuire, Chairman. Report read by the committee chairman in Richmond, Virginia on June 5, 1899.","Written by J. Coleman Alderson. Pamphlet contains \"speeches, engravings of the speakers, and General Officers of this Division, with other prominent West Virginia Confederates.\"","Document was printed for the \"27th Reunion...United Confederate Veterans 22nd Annual Reunion...Sons of Veterans\" held in Washington, D.C. from June 4 to 8, 1917.","Proceedings of the 27th Annual Reunion of the Confederate Veterans, the 18th Annual Convention of the Confederated Southern Memorial Association, and the 22nd Annual Reunion of the Sons of Confederate Veterans held in Washington D.C. from June 4 to 7, 1917.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. 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He entered the VMI in July 1860, where he served as a cadet until the outbreak of the Civil War in April 1861. On April 16, 1861, he accompanied the Corps of Cadets to Richmond, Virginia where he served as a drillmaster to new\nConfederate recruits. Gatewood subsequently served in the same capacity under General Robert S. Garnett at Laurel Hill, Barbour County, West Virginia. He joined the 11th Virginia Cavalry Regiment in March 1862 and was elected 2nd Lieutenant,\n\"F\" Company (Bath Squadron). He served in this unit until the end of the War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt the close of the Civil War, Gatewood returned to Bath County. His father had died suddenly in 1861 without leaving a will, and as the oldest son, he took on responsibility for his family's affairs. He married his childhood sweetheart, Mary Skillern Warwick (1845-1922) in 1869 and the couple had seven children: William Beale, Eugene Samuel, Massie Cameron, Andrew Warwick, Mary Preston, Eliza Pleasants, and one child who died in infancy. The couple moved to Big Spring, Pocahontas County, West Virginia in 1877 where Gatewood spent the remainder of his life working as a farmer and stock raiser. He died on July 31, 1919.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Andrew Cameron Lewis Gatewood was born at Mountain Grove, Bath County, Virginia, on June 30, 1843 to Samuel Vance Gatewood (1810-1861) and Eugenia Sophia Massie (1819-1884). He entered the VMI in July 1860, where he served as a cadet until the outbreak of the Civil War in April 1861. On April 16, 1861, he accompanied the Corps of Cadets to Richmond, Virginia where he served as a drillmaster to new\nConfederate recruits. Gatewood subsequently served in the same capacity under General Robert S. Garnett at Laurel Hill, Barbour County, West Virginia. He joined the 11th Virginia Cavalry Regiment in March 1862 and was elected 2nd Lieutenant,\n\"F\" Company (Bath Squadron). He served in this unit until the end of the War.","At the close of the Civil War, Gatewood returned to Bath County. His father had died suddenly in 1861 without leaving a will, and as the oldest son, he took on responsibility for his family's affairs. He married his childhood sweetheart, Mary Skillern Warwick (1845-1922) in 1869 and the couple had seven children: William Beale, Eugene Samuel, Massie Cameron, Andrew Warwick, Mary Preston, Eliza Pleasants, and one child who died in infancy. The couple moved to Big Spring, Pocahontas County, West Virginia in 1877 where Gatewood spent the remainder of his life working as a farmer and stock raiser. He died on July 31, 1919."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAndrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860-1993. MS 0068. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860-1993. MS 0068. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers consist of 28 letters (dated 1860-1864) written by Gatewood to his parents and other family members. Early letters describe life at VMI and in Lexington, Virginia, just prior to and during early months of the Civil War. Subsequent letters date from Gatewood's service with the 11th Virginia Cavalry Regiment, Company F (Bath Squadron), including a letter (dated September 1862) written after the Second Battle of Manassas (2nd Bull Run). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe papers also include a \"History of the Bath Squadron,\" consisting of a manuscript fragment, copies of a series of published newspaper articles concerning the unit, and an edited transcription, publications concerning Confederate veteran reunions, and Gatewood's VMI cadet account book.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards initiation of new cadets, early reference to term \"rat\" as a name for a new cadet, complaints of homesickness, and comments on living in camp.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes daily routine of cadets, life in camp, and difficulty of studies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes dismantling summer camp and moving into barracks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses family matters, including court summons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses examinations, Christmas at VMI, and the secession of South Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter mentions examinations and the secession of South Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that he did well on his examinations and gives his class standing. The letter also mentions the secession of Florida and other states.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses the family's runaway slave, Jesse, and mentions willingness of cadets to fight to \"save Virginia.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses general news, including an invitation to a party, his studies, and a request for money.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses squad drill, general news, and speculates about Virginia secession and the War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses the need for new summer pants and the high price of cloth.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses general news, living in barracks, and anxiety about the return to summer camp in July.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes the \"flag raising incident,\" a confrontation between Lexington secessionists (including cadets), and pro-Union citizens.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes excitement among VMI cadets as Virginia decides to secede, suspension of academic duty, and cadet preparation for war.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that the Corps of Cadets will be ordered to Richmond, Virginia probably to drill recruits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Richmond, Virginia. Letter describes the cadets' journey from Lexington, Virginia to Richmond and more news of drilling new recruits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Richmond, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that he is drilling a company of new recruits and hopes for a commission.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Ashland, Virginia. Letter discusses a transfer to the Ashland Camp of Instruction to drill army recruits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Andrew C. L. Gatewood has returned to VMI to drill new cadets and University of Virginia students who are at VMI to receive training. Letter includes a complaint that he is not paid for his services and is still expected to pay room and board and the hopes to get a furlough.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Mountain Grove, Virginia. Letter discusses preparations to serve as drillmaster with the 81st regiment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Manassas, Virginia. Letter describes the Second Battle of Manassas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Edinburg, Virginia. Letter discusses potential to be sent to Harrisonburg, Virginia and mentions victory at Vicksburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards general news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Falling Springs Church, Rockbridge County, Virginia. Letter regards regiment encampment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards the regiment's presentation of the VMI Corps of Cadets with a captured flag and a review of troops by General Smith.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Waynesboro, Virginia. Letter regards camp at Waynesboro and expected orders to march and battle.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Waynesboro, Virginia. Letter regards that the brigade is ordered to eastern Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards general news from camp.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccount book contains entries for cadet expenses from July 31, 1860 to May 22, 1861.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePartial \"History of the Bath Squadron or Recollections of Thirty Years Ago\" manuscript in Andrew C. L. Gatewood's hand.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"History of the Bath Squadron\" typescript with annotations by C.L. Gatewood's grandson, John M. Dunlap, Jr. Included is a 5.25 inch floppy disk that contains a digital version of the typescript.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten by Dr. Hunter McGuire, Chairman. Report read by the committee chairman in Richmond, Virginia on June 5, 1899.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten by J. Coleman Alderson. Pamphlet contains \"speeches, engravings of the speakers, and General Officers of this Division, with other prominent West Virginia Confederates.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDocument was printed for the \"27th Reunion...United Confederate Veterans 22nd Annual Reunion...Sons of Veterans\" held in Washington, D.C. from June 4 to 8, 1917.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProceedings of the 27th Annual Reunion of the Confederate Veterans, the 18th Annual Convention of the Confederated Southern Memorial Association, and the 22nd Annual Reunion of the Sons of Confederate Veterans held in Washington D.C. from June 4 to 7, 1917.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The bulk of the Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers consist of 28 letters (dated 1860-1864) written by Gatewood to his parents and other family members. Early letters describe life at VMI and in Lexington, Virginia, just prior to and during early months of the Civil War. Subsequent letters date from Gatewood's service with the 11th Virginia Cavalry Regiment, Company F (Bath Squadron), including a letter (dated September 1862) written after the Second Battle of Manassas (2nd Bull Run).","The papers also include a \"History of the Bath Squadron,\" consisting of a manuscript fragment, copies of a series of published newspaper articles concerning the unit, and an edited transcription, publications concerning Confederate veteran reunions, and Gatewood's VMI cadet account book.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards initiation of new cadets, early reference to term \"rat\" as a name for a new cadet, complaints of homesickness, and comments on living in camp.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes daily routine of cadets, life in camp, and difficulty of studies.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes dismantling summer camp and moving into barracks.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses family matters, including court summons.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses examinations, Christmas at VMI, and the secession of South Carolina.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter mentions examinations and the secession of South Carolina.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that he did well on his examinations and gives his class standing. The letter also mentions the secession of Florida and other states.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses the family's runaway slave, Jesse, and mentions willingness of cadets to fight to \"save Virginia.\"","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses general news, including an invitation to a party, his studies, and a request for money.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses squad drill, general news, and speculates about Virginia secession and the War.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses the need for new summer pants and the high price of cloth.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses general news, living in barracks, and anxiety about the return to summer camp in July.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes the \"flag raising incident,\" a confrontation between Lexington secessionists (including cadets), and pro-Union citizens.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes excitement among VMI cadets as Virginia decides to secede, suspension of academic duty, and cadet preparation for war.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that the Corps of Cadets will be ordered to Richmond, Virginia probably to drill recruits.","Written from Richmond, Virginia. Letter describes the cadets' journey from Lexington, Virginia to Richmond and more news of drilling new recruits.","Written from Richmond, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that he is drilling a company of new recruits and hopes for a commission.","Written from Ashland, Virginia. Letter discusses a transfer to the Ashland Camp of Instruction to drill army recruits.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Andrew C. L. Gatewood has returned to VMI to drill new cadets and University of Virginia students who are at VMI to receive training. Letter includes a complaint that he is not paid for his services and is still expected to pay room and board and the hopes to get a furlough.","Written from Mountain Grove, Virginia. Letter discusses preparations to serve as drillmaster with the 81st regiment.","Written from Manassas, Virginia. Letter describes the Second Battle of Manassas.","Written from Edinburg, Virginia. Letter discusses potential to be sent to Harrisonburg, Virginia and mentions victory at Vicksburg, Virginia.","Written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards general news.","Written from Falling Springs Church, Rockbridge County, Virginia. Letter regards regiment encampment.","Letter written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards the regiment's presentation of the VMI Corps of Cadets with a captured flag and a review of troops by General Smith.","Written from Waynesboro, Virginia. Letter regards camp at Waynesboro and expected orders to march and battle.","Written from Waynesboro, Virginia. Letter regards that the brigade is ordered to eastern Virginia.","Written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards general news from camp.","Account book contains entries for cadet expenses from July 31, 1860 to May 22, 1861.","Partial \"History of the Bath Squadron or Recollections of Thirty Years Ago\" manuscript in Andrew C. L. Gatewood's hand.","\"History of the Bath Squadron\" typescript with annotations by C.L. Gatewood's grandson, John M. Dunlap, Jr. Included is a 5.25 inch floppy disk that contains a digital version of the typescript.","Written by Dr. Hunter McGuire, Chairman. Report read by the committee chairman in Richmond, Virginia on June 5, 1899.","Written by J. Coleman Alderson. Pamphlet contains \"speeches, engravings of the speakers, and General Officers of this Division, with other prominent West Virginia Confederates.\"","Document was printed for the \"27th Reunion...United Confederate Veterans 22nd Annual Reunion...Sons of Veterans\" held in Washington, D.C. from June 4 to 8, 1917.","Proceedings of the 27th Annual Reunion of the Confederate Veterans, the 18th Annual Convention of the Confederated Southern Memorial Association, and the 22nd Annual Reunion of the Sons of Confederate Veterans held in Washington D.C. from June 4 to 7, 1917."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_f3d0ffdf4864efbcf325abc5200c0bf2\"\u003eManuscripts stacks\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","United Confederate Veterans"],"persname_ssim":["Gatewood, Andrew C. L. (Andrew Cameron Lewis), 1843-1919","Dunlap, John M., Jr. (John McKee), 1917-?","Smith, Francis H. 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Letter informs his parents that he is drilling a company of new recruits and hopes for a commission.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582_c01_c03_c06#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582_c01_c03_c06","ref_ssm":["vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582_c01_c03_c06"],"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582_c01_c03_c06","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582_c01_c03","parent_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582_c01_c03","parent_ssim":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860/1993","Correspondence, 1860/1864","Correspondence, 1861"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582","vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582_c01","vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582_c01_c03"],"title_filing_ssi":"Letter to Samuel V. 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Letter informs his parents that he is drilling a company of new recruits and hopes for a commission."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#2/components#5","timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:59:54.976Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_582.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vmi/vilxv00001.xml","title_ssm":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers"],"title_tesim":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1860-1993"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1860-1993"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1860/1993"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860/1993"],"text":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860/1993","MS.0068","/repositories/3/resources/582","Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1860-1869","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Cavalry Regiment, 11th","Bull Run, 2nd Battle of, Va., 1862","Soldiers—Virginia—Correspondence","Lexington (Va.)—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia Military Institute—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1864","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives—Confederate","Correspondence","Account Books","Manuscripts","Clippings","There are no restrictions.","Andrew Cameron Lewis Gatewood was born at Mountain Grove, Bath County, Virginia, on June 30, 1843 to Samuel Vance Gatewood (1810-1861) and Eugenia Sophia Massie (1819-1884). He entered the VMI in July 1860, where he served as a cadet until the outbreak of the Civil War in April 1861. On April 16, 1861, he accompanied the Corps of Cadets to Richmond, Virginia where he served as a drillmaster to new\nConfederate recruits. Gatewood subsequently served in the same capacity under General Robert S. Garnett at Laurel Hill, Barbour County, West Virginia. He joined the 11th Virginia Cavalry Regiment in March 1862 and was elected 2nd Lieutenant,\n\"F\" Company (Bath Squadron). He served in this unit until the end of the War.","At the close of the Civil War, Gatewood returned to Bath County. His father had died suddenly in 1861 without leaving a will, and as the oldest son, he took on responsibility for his family's affairs. He married his childhood sweetheart, Mary Skillern Warwick (1845-1922) in 1869 and the couple had seven children: William Beale, Eugene Samuel, Massie Cameron, Andrew Warwick, Mary Preston, Eliza Pleasants, and one child who died in infancy. The couple moved to Big Spring, Pocahontas County, West Virginia in 1877 where Gatewood spent the remainder of his life working as a farmer and stock raiser. He died on July 31, 1919.","The bulk of the Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers consist of 28 letters (dated 1860-1864) written by Gatewood to his parents and other family members. Early letters describe life at VMI and in Lexington, Virginia, just prior to and during early months of the Civil War. Subsequent letters date from Gatewood's service with the 11th Virginia Cavalry Regiment, Company F (Bath Squadron), including a letter (dated September 1862) written after the Second Battle of Manassas (2nd Bull Run).","The papers also include a \"History of the Bath Squadron,\" consisting of a manuscript fragment, copies of a series of published newspaper articles concerning the unit, and an edited transcription, publications concerning Confederate veteran reunions, and Gatewood's VMI cadet account book.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards initiation of new cadets, early reference to term \"rat\" as a name for a new cadet, complaints of homesickness, and comments on living in camp.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes daily routine of cadets, life in camp, and difficulty of studies.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes dismantling summer camp and moving into barracks.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses family matters, including court summons.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses examinations, Christmas at VMI, and the secession of South Carolina.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter mentions examinations and the secession of South Carolina.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that he did well on his examinations and gives his class standing. The letter also mentions the secession of Florida and other states.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses the family's runaway slave, Jesse, and mentions willingness of cadets to fight to \"save Virginia.\"","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses general news, including an invitation to a party, his studies, and a request for money.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses squad drill, general news, and speculates about Virginia secession and the War.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses the need for new summer pants and the high price of cloth.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses general news, living in barracks, and anxiety about the return to summer camp in July.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes the \"flag raising incident,\" a confrontation between Lexington secessionists (including cadets), and pro-Union citizens.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes excitement among VMI cadets as Virginia decides to secede, suspension of academic duty, and cadet preparation for war.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that the Corps of Cadets will be ordered to Richmond, Virginia probably to drill recruits.","Written from Richmond, Virginia. Letter describes the cadets' journey from Lexington, Virginia to Richmond and more news of drilling new recruits.","Written from Richmond, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that he is drilling a company of new recruits and hopes for a commission.","Written from Ashland, Virginia. Letter discusses a transfer to the Ashland Camp of Instruction to drill army recruits.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Andrew C. L. Gatewood has returned to VMI to drill new cadets and University of Virginia students who are at VMI to receive training. Letter includes a complaint that he is not paid for his services and is still expected to pay room and board and the hopes to get a furlough.","Written from Mountain Grove, Virginia. Letter discusses preparations to serve as drillmaster with the 81st regiment.","Written from Manassas, Virginia. Letter describes the Second Battle of Manassas.","Written from Edinburg, Virginia. Letter discusses potential to be sent to Harrisonburg, Virginia and mentions victory at Vicksburg, Virginia.","Written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards general news.","Written from Falling Springs Church, Rockbridge County, Virginia. Letter regards regiment encampment.","Letter written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards the regiment's presentation of the VMI Corps of Cadets with a captured flag and a review of troops by General Smith.","Written from Waynesboro, Virginia. Letter regards camp at Waynesboro and expected orders to march and battle.","Written from Waynesboro, Virginia. Letter regards that the brigade is ordered to eastern Virginia.","Written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards general news from camp.","Account book contains entries for cadet expenses from July 31, 1860 to May 22, 1861.","Partial \"History of the Bath Squadron or Recollections of Thirty Years Ago\" manuscript in Andrew C. L. Gatewood's hand.","\"History of the Bath Squadron\" typescript with annotations by C.L. Gatewood's grandson, John M. Dunlap, Jr. Included is a 5.25 inch floppy disk that contains a digital version of the typescript.","Written by Dr. Hunter McGuire, Chairman. Report read by the committee chairman in Richmond, Virginia on June 5, 1899.","Written by J. Coleman Alderson. Pamphlet contains \"speeches, engravings of the speakers, and General Officers of this Division, with other prominent West Virginia Confederates.\"","Document was printed for the \"27th Reunion...United Confederate Veterans 22nd Annual Reunion...Sons of Veterans\" held in Washington, D.C. from June 4 to 8, 1917.","Proceedings of the 27th Annual Reunion of the Confederate Veterans, the 18th Annual Convention of the Confederated Southern Memorial Association, and the 22nd Annual Reunion of the Sons of Confederate Veterans held in Washington D.C. from June 4 to 7, 1917.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. 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He entered the VMI in July 1860, where he served as a cadet until the outbreak of the Civil War in April 1861. On April 16, 1861, he accompanied the Corps of Cadets to Richmond, Virginia where he served as a drillmaster to new\nConfederate recruits. Gatewood subsequently served in the same capacity under General Robert S. Garnett at Laurel Hill, Barbour County, West Virginia. He joined the 11th Virginia Cavalry Regiment in March 1862 and was elected 2nd Lieutenant,\n\"F\" Company (Bath Squadron). He served in this unit until the end of the War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt the close of the Civil War, Gatewood returned to Bath County. His father had died suddenly in 1861 without leaving a will, and as the oldest son, he took on responsibility for his family's affairs. He married his childhood sweetheart, Mary Skillern Warwick (1845-1922) in 1869 and the couple had seven children: William Beale, Eugene Samuel, Massie Cameron, Andrew Warwick, Mary Preston, Eliza Pleasants, and one child who died in infancy. The couple moved to Big Spring, Pocahontas County, West Virginia in 1877 where Gatewood spent the remainder of his life working as a farmer and stock raiser. He died on July 31, 1919.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Andrew Cameron Lewis Gatewood was born at Mountain Grove, Bath County, Virginia, on June 30, 1843 to Samuel Vance Gatewood (1810-1861) and Eugenia Sophia Massie (1819-1884). He entered the VMI in July 1860, where he served as a cadet until the outbreak of the Civil War in April 1861. On April 16, 1861, he accompanied the Corps of Cadets to Richmond, Virginia where he served as a drillmaster to new\nConfederate recruits. Gatewood subsequently served in the same capacity under General Robert S. Garnett at Laurel Hill, Barbour County, West Virginia. He joined the 11th Virginia Cavalry Regiment in March 1862 and was elected 2nd Lieutenant,\n\"F\" Company (Bath Squadron). He served in this unit until the end of the War.","At the close of the Civil War, Gatewood returned to Bath County. His father had died suddenly in 1861 without leaving a will, and as the oldest son, he took on responsibility for his family's affairs. He married his childhood sweetheart, Mary Skillern Warwick (1845-1922) in 1869 and the couple had seven children: William Beale, Eugene Samuel, Massie Cameron, Andrew Warwick, Mary Preston, Eliza Pleasants, and one child who died in infancy. The couple moved to Big Spring, Pocahontas County, West Virginia in 1877 where Gatewood spent the remainder of his life working as a farmer and stock raiser. He died on July 31, 1919."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAndrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860-1993. MS 0068. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860-1993. MS 0068. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers consist of 28 letters (dated 1860-1864) written by Gatewood to his parents and other family members. Early letters describe life at VMI and in Lexington, Virginia, just prior to and during early months of the Civil War. Subsequent letters date from Gatewood's service with the 11th Virginia Cavalry Regiment, Company F (Bath Squadron), including a letter (dated September 1862) written after the Second Battle of Manassas (2nd Bull Run). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe papers also include a \"History of the Bath Squadron,\" consisting of a manuscript fragment, copies of a series of published newspaper articles concerning the unit, and an edited transcription, publications concerning Confederate veteran reunions, and Gatewood's VMI cadet account book.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards initiation of new cadets, early reference to term \"rat\" as a name for a new cadet, complaints of homesickness, and comments on living in camp.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes daily routine of cadets, life in camp, and difficulty of studies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes dismantling summer camp and moving into barracks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses family matters, including court summons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses examinations, Christmas at VMI, and the secession of South Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter mentions examinations and the secession of South Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that he did well on his examinations and gives his class standing. The letter also mentions the secession of Florida and other states.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses the family's runaway slave, Jesse, and mentions willingness of cadets to fight to \"save Virginia.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses general news, including an invitation to a party, his studies, and a request for money.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses squad drill, general news, and speculates about Virginia secession and the War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses the need for new summer pants and the high price of cloth.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses general news, living in barracks, and anxiety about the return to summer camp in July.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes the \"flag raising incident,\" a confrontation between Lexington secessionists (including cadets), and pro-Union citizens.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes excitement among VMI cadets as Virginia decides to secede, suspension of academic duty, and cadet preparation for war.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that the Corps of Cadets will be ordered to Richmond, Virginia probably to drill recruits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Richmond, Virginia. Letter describes the cadets' journey from Lexington, Virginia to Richmond and more news of drilling new recruits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Richmond, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that he is drilling a company of new recruits and hopes for a commission.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Ashland, Virginia. Letter discusses a transfer to the Ashland Camp of Instruction to drill army recruits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Andrew C. L. Gatewood has returned to VMI to drill new cadets and University of Virginia students who are at VMI to receive training. Letter includes a complaint that he is not paid for his services and is still expected to pay room and board and the hopes to get a furlough.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Mountain Grove, Virginia. Letter discusses preparations to serve as drillmaster with the 81st regiment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Manassas, Virginia. Letter describes the Second Battle of Manassas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Edinburg, Virginia. Letter discusses potential to be sent to Harrisonburg, Virginia and mentions victory at Vicksburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards general news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Falling Springs Church, Rockbridge County, Virginia. Letter regards regiment encampment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards the regiment's presentation of the VMI Corps of Cadets with a captured flag and a review of troops by General Smith.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Waynesboro, Virginia. Letter regards camp at Waynesboro and expected orders to march and battle.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Waynesboro, Virginia. Letter regards that the brigade is ordered to eastern Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards general news from camp.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccount book contains entries for cadet expenses from July 31, 1860 to May 22, 1861.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePartial \"History of the Bath Squadron or Recollections of Thirty Years Ago\" manuscript in Andrew C. L. Gatewood's hand.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"History of the Bath Squadron\" typescript with annotations by C.L. Gatewood's grandson, John M. Dunlap, Jr. Included is a 5.25 inch floppy disk that contains a digital version of the typescript.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten by Dr. Hunter McGuire, Chairman. Report read by the committee chairman in Richmond, Virginia on June 5, 1899.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten by J. Coleman Alderson. Pamphlet contains \"speeches, engravings of the speakers, and General Officers of this Division, with other prominent West Virginia Confederates.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDocument was printed for the \"27th Reunion...United Confederate Veterans 22nd Annual Reunion...Sons of Veterans\" held in Washington, D.C. from June 4 to 8, 1917.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProceedings of the 27th Annual Reunion of the Confederate Veterans, the 18th Annual Convention of the Confederated Southern Memorial Association, and the 22nd Annual Reunion of the Sons of Confederate Veterans held in Washington D.C. from June 4 to 7, 1917.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The bulk of the Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers consist of 28 letters (dated 1860-1864) written by Gatewood to his parents and other family members. Early letters describe life at VMI and in Lexington, Virginia, just prior to and during early months of the Civil War. Subsequent letters date from Gatewood's service with the 11th Virginia Cavalry Regiment, Company F (Bath Squadron), including a letter (dated September 1862) written after the Second Battle of Manassas (2nd Bull Run).","The papers also include a \"History of the Bath Squadron,\" consisting of a manuscript fragment, copies of a series of published newspaper articles concerning the unit, and an edited transcription, publications concerning Confederate veteran reunions, and Gatewood's VMI cadet account book.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards initiation of new cadets, early reference to term \"rat\" as a name for a new cadet, complaints of homesickness, and comments on living in camp.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes daily routine of cadets, life in camp, and difficulty of studies.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes dismantling summer camp and moving into barracks.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses family matters, including court summons.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses examinations, Christmas at VMI, and the secession of South Carolina.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter mentions examinations and the secession of South Carolina.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that he did well on his examinations and gives his class standing. The letter also mentions the secession of Florida and other states.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses the family's runaway slave, Jesse, and mentions willingness of cadets to fight to \"save Virginia.\"","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses general news, including an invitation to a party, his studies, and a request for money.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses squad drill, general news, and speculates about Virginia secession and the War.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses the need for new summer pants and the high price of cloth.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses general news, living in barracks, and anxiety about the return to summer camp in July.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes the \"flag raising incident,\" a confrontation between Lexington secessionists (including cadets), and pro-Union citizens.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes excitement among VMI cadets as Virginia decides to secede, suspension of academic duty, and cadet preparation for war.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that the Corps of Cadets will be ordered to Richmond, Virginia probably to drill recruits.","Written from Richmond, Virginia. Letter describes the cadets' journey from Lexington, Virginia to Richmond and more news of drilling new recruits.","Written from Richmond, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that he is drilling a company of new recruits and hopes for a commission.","Written from Ashland, Virginia. Letter discusses a transfer to the Ashland Camp of Instruction to drill army recruits.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Andrew C. L. Gatewood has returned to VMI to drill new cadets and University of Virginia students who are at VMI to receive training. Letter includes a complaint that he is not paid for his services and is still expected to pay room and board and the hopes to get a furlough.","Written from Mountain Grove, Virginia. Letter discusses preparations to serve as drillmaster with the 81st regiment.","Written from Manassas, Virginia. Letter describes the Second Battle of Manassas.","Written from Edinburg, Virginia. Letter discusses potential to be sent to Harrisonburg, Virginia and mentions victory at Vicksburg, Virginia.","Written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards general news.","Written from Falling Springs Church, Rockbridge County, Virginia. Letter regards regiment encampment.","Letter written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards the regiment's presentation of the VMI Corps of Cadets with a captured flag and a review of troops by General Smith.","Written from Waynesboro, Virginia. Letter regards camp at Waynesboro and expected orders to march and battle.","Written from Waynesboro, Virginia. Letter regards that the brigade is ordered to eastern Virginia.","Written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards general news from camp.","Account book contains entries for cadet expenses from July 31, 1860 to May 22, 1861.","Partial \"History of the Bath Squadron or Recollections of Thirty Years Ago\" manuscript in Andrew C. L. Gatewood's hand.","\"History of the Bath Squadron\" typescript with annotations by C.L. Gatewood's grandson, John M. Dunlap, Jr. Included is a 5.25 inch floppy disk that contains a digital version of the typescript.","Written by Dr. Hunter McGuire, Chairman. Report read by the committee chairman in Richmond, Virginia on June 5, 1899.","Written by J. Coleman Alderson. Pamphlet contains \"speeches, engravings of the speakers, and General Officers of this Division, with other prominent West Virginia Confederates.\"","Document was printed for the \"27th Reunion...United Confederate Veterans 22nd Annual Reunion...Sons of Veterans\" held in Washington, D.C. from June 4 to 8, 1917.","Proceedings of the 27th Annual Reunion of the Confederate Veterans, the 18th Annual Convention of the Confederated Southern Memorial Association, and the 22nd Annual Reunion of the Sons of Confederate Veterans held in Washington D.C. from June 4 to 7, 1917."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_f3d0ffdf4864efbcf325abc5200c0bf2\"\u003eManuscripts stacks\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","United Confederate Veterans"],"persname_ssim":["Gatewood, Andrew C. L. (Andrew Cameron Lewis), 1843-1919","Dunlap, John M., Jr. (John McKee), 1917-?","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","United Confederate Veterans","Gatewood, Andrew C. L. (Andrew Cameron Lewis), 1843-1919","Dunlap, John M., Jr. (John McKee), 1917-?","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":46,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:59:54.976Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582_c01_c03_c06"}},{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582_c01_c03_c09","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Letter to Samuel V. Gatewood and Eugenia S. Gatewood (Massie), 1861","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582_c01_c03_c09#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eWritten from Mountain Grove, Virginia. Letter discusses preparations to serve as drillmaster with the 81st regiment.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582_c01_c03_c09#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582_c01_c03_c09","ref_ssm":["vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582_c01_c03_c09"],"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582_c01_c03_c09","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582_c01_c03","parent_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582_c01_c03","parent_ssim":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860/1993","Correspondence, 1860/1864","Correspondence, 1861"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582","vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582_c01","vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582_c01_c03"],"title_filing_ssi":"Letter to Samuel V. Gatewood and Eugenia S. Gatewood (Massie)","title_ssm":["Letter to Samuel V. Gatewood and Eugenia S. Gatewood (Massie)"],"title_tesim":["Letter to Samuel V. Gatewood and Eugenia S. Gatewood (Massie)"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Letter to Samuel V. Gatewood and Eugenia S. Gatewood (Massie), 1861"],"text":["Letter to Samuel V. Gatewood and Eugenia S. Gatewood (Massie), 1861","Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860/1993","Correspondence, 1860/1864","Correspondence, 1861","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1864","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","English","Written from Mountain Grove, Virginia. Letter discusses preparations to serve as drillmaster with the 81st regiment."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Andrew C. L. 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Letter discusses preparations to serve as drillmaster with the 81st regiment."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#2/components#8","timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:59:54.976Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_582.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vmi/vilxv00001.xml","title_ssm":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers"],"title_tesim":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1860-1993"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1860-1993"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1860/1993"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860/1993"],"text":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860/1993","MS.0068","/repositories/3/resources/582","Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1860-1869","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Cavalry Regiment, 11th","Bull Run, 2nd Battle of, Va., 1862","Soldiers—Virginia—Correspondence","Lexington (Va.)—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia Military Institute—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1864","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives—Confederate","Correspondence","Account Books","Manuscripts","Clippings","There are no restrictions.","Andrew Cameron Lewis Gatewood was born at Mountain Grove, Bath County, Virginia, on June 30, 1843 to Samuel Vance Gatewood (1810-1861) and Eugenia Sophia Massie (1819-1884). He entered the VMI in July 1860, where he served as a cadet until the outbreak of the Civil War in April 1861. On April 16, 1861, he accompanied the Corps of Cadets to Richmond, Virginia where he served as a drillmaster to new\nConfederate recruits. Gatewood subsequently served in the same capacity under General Robert S. Garnett at Laurel Hill, Barbour County, West Virginia. He joined the 11th Virginia Cavalry Regiment in March 1862 and was elected 2nd Lieutenant,\n\"F\" Company (Bath Squadron). He served in this unit until the end of the War.","At the close of the Civil War, Gatewood returned to Bath County. His father had died suddenly in 1861 without leaving a will, and as the oldest son, he took on responsibility for his family's affairs. He married his childhood sweetheart, Mary Skillern Warwick (1845-1922) in 1869 and the couple had seven children: William Beale, Eugene Samuel, Massie Cameron, Andrew Warwick, Mary Preston, Eliza Pleasants, and one child who died in infancy. The couple moved to Big Spring, Pocahontas County, West Virginia in 1877 where Gatewood spent the remainder of his life working as a farmer and stock raiser. He died on July 31, 1919.","The bulk of the Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers consist of 28 letters (dated 1860-1864) written by Gatewood to his parents and other family members. Early letters describe life at VMI and in Lexington, Virginia, just prior to and during early months of the Civil War. Subsequent letters date from Gatewood's service with the 11th Virginia Cavalry Regiment, Company F (Bath Squadron), including a letter (dated September 1862) written after the Second Battle of Manassas (2nd Bull Run).","The papers also include a \"History of the Bath Squadron,\" consisting of a manuscript fragment, copies of a series of published newspaper articles concerning the unit, and an edited transcription, publications concerning Confederate veteran reunions, and Gatewood's VMI cadet account book.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards initiation of new cadets, early reference to term \"rat\" as a name for a new cadet, complaints of homesickness, and comments on living in camp.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes daily routine of cadets, life in camp, and difficulty of studies.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes dismantling summer camp and moving into barracks.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses family matters, including court summons.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses examinations, Christmas at VMI, and the secession of South Carolina.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter mentions examinations and the secession of South Carolina.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that he did well on his examinations and gives his class standing. The letter also mentions the secession of Florida and other states.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses the family's runaway slave, Jesse, and mentions willingness of cadets to fight to \"save Virginia.\"","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses general news, including an invitation to a party, his studies, and a request for money.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses squad drill, general news, and speculates about Virginia secession and the War.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses the need for new summer pants and the high price of cloth.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses general news, living in barracks, and anxiety about the return to summer camp in July.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes the \"flag raising incident,\" a confrontation between Lexington secessionists (including cadets), and pro-Union citizens.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes excitement among VMI cadets as Virginia decides to secede, suspension of academic duty, and cadet preparation for war.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that the Corps of Cadets will be ordered to Richmond, Virginia probably to drill recruits.","Written from Richmond, Virginia. Letter describes the cadets' journey from Lexington, Virginia to Richmond and more news of drilling new recruits.","Written from Richmond, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that he is drilling a company of new recruits and hopes for a commission.","Written from Ashland, Virginia. Letter discusses a transfer to the Ashland Camp of Instruction to drill army recruits.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Andrew C. L. Gatewood has returned to VMI to drill new cadets and University of Virginia students who are at VMI to receive training. Letter includes a complaint that he is not paid for his services and is still expected to pay room and board and the hopes to get a furlough.","Written from Mountain Grove, Virginia. Letter discusses preparations to serve as drillmaster with the 81st regiment.","Written from Manassas, Virginia. Letter describes the Second Battle of Manassas.","Written from Edinburg, Virginia. Letter discusses potential to be sent to Harrisonburg, Virginia and mentions victory at Vicksburg, Virginia.","Written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards general news.","Written from Falling Springs Church, Rockbridge County, Virginia. Letter regards regiment encampment.","Letter written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards the regiment's presentation of the VMI Corps of Cadets with a captured flag and a review of troops by General Smith.","Written from Waynesboro, Virginia. Letter regards camp at Waynesboro and expected orders to march and battle.","Written from Waynesboro, Virginia. Letter regards that the brigade is ordered to eastern Virginia.","Written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards general news from camp.","Account book contains entries for cadet expenses from July 31, 1860 to May 22, 1861.","Partial \"History of the Bath Squadron or Recollections of Thirty Years Ago\" manuscript in Andrew C. L. Gatewood's hand.","\"History of the Bath Squadron\" typescript with annotations by C.L. Gatewood's grandson, John M. Dunlap, Jr. Included is a 5.25 inch floppy disk that contains a digital version of the typescript.","Written by Dr. Hunter McGuire, Chairman. Report read by the committee chairman in Richmond, Virginia on June 5, 1899.","Written by J. Coleman Alderson. Pamphlet contains \"speeches, engravings of the speakers, and General Officers of this Division, with other prominent West Virginia Confederates.\"","Document was printed for the \"27th Reunion...United Confederate Veterans 22nd Annual Reunion...Sons of Veterans\" held in Washington, D.C. from June 4 to 8, 1917.","Proceedings of the 27th Annual Reunion of the Confederate Veterans, the 18th Annual Convention of the Confederated Southern Memorial Association, and the 22nd Annual Reunion of the Sons of Confederate Veterans held in Washington D.C. from June 4 to 7, 1917.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. 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(Andrew Cameron Lewis), 1843-1919","Dunlap, John M., Jr. (John McKee), 1917-?"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Gatewood, Andrew C. L. (Andrew Cameron Lewis), 1843-1919","Dunlap, John M., Jr. (John McKee), 1917-?","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","United Confederate Veterans"],"creators_ssim":["Gatewood, Andrew C. L. (Andrew Cameron Lewis), 1843-1919","Dunlap, John M., Jr. (John McKee), 1917-?","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Virginia Military Institute Archives","United Confederate Veterans"],"access_terms_ssm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1860-1869","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Cavalry Regiment, 11th","Bull Run, 2nd Battle of, Va., 1862","Soldiers—Virginia—Correspondence","Lexington (Va.)—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia Military Institute—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1864","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives—Confederate","Correspondence","Account Books","Manuscripts","Clippings"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1860-1869","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Cavalry Regiment, 11th","Bull Run, 2nd Battle of, Va., 1862","Soldiers—Virginia—Correspondence","Lexington (Va.)—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia Military Institute—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1864","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives—Confederate","Correspondence","Account Books","Manuscripts","Clippings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["35 items"],"extent_tesim":["35 items"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Account Books","Manuscripts","Clippings"],"date_range_isim":[1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAndrew Cameron Lewis Gatewood was born at Mountain Grove, Bath County, Virginia, on June 30, 1843 to Samuel Vance Gatewood (1810-1861) and Eugenia Sophia Massie (1819-1884). He entered the VMI in July 1860, where he served as a cadet until the outbreak of the Civil War in April 1861. On April 16, 1861, he accompanied the Corps of Cadets to Richmond, Virginia where he served as a drillmaster to new\nConfederate recruits. Gatewood subsequently served in the same capacity under General Robert S. Garnett at Laurel Hill, Barbour County, West Virginia. He joined the 11th Virginia Cavalry Regiment in March 1862 and was elected 2nd Lieutenant,\n\"F\" Company (Bath Squadron). He served in this unit until the end of the War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt the close of the Civil War, Gatewood returned to Bath County. His father had died suddenly in 1861 without leaving a will, and as the oldest son, he took on responsibility for his family's affairs. He married his childhood sweetheart, Mary Skillern Warwick (1845-1922) in 1869 and the couple had seven children: William Beale, Eugene Samuel, Massie Cameron, Andrew Warwick, Mary Preston, Eliza Pleasants, and one child who died in infancy. The couple moved to Big Spring, Pocahontas County, West Virginia in 1877 where Gatewood spent the remainder of his life working as a farmer and stock raiser. He died on July 31, 1919.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Andrew Cameron Lewis Gatewood was born at Mountain Grove, Bath County, Virginia, on June 30, 1843 to Samuel Vance Gatewood (1810-1861) and Eugenia Sophia Massie (1819-1884). He entered the VMI in July 1860, where he served as a cadet until the outbreak of the Civil War in April 1861. On April 16, 1861, he accompanied the Corps of Cadets to Richmond, Virginia where he served as a drillmaster to new\nConfederate recruits. Gatewood subsequently served in the same capacity under General Robert S. Garnett at Laurel Hill, Barbour County, West Virginia. He joined the 11th Virginia Cavalry Regiment in March 1862 and was elected 2nd Lieutenant,\n\"F\" Company (Bath Squadron). He served in this unit until the end of the War.","At the close of the Civil War, Gatewood returned to Bath County. His father had died suddenly in 1861 without leaving a will, and as the oldest son, he took on responsibility for his family's affairs. He married his childhood sweetheart, Mary Skillern Warwick (1845-1922) in 1869 and the couple had seven children: William Beale, Eugene Samuel, Massie Cameron, Andrew Warwick, Mary Preston, Eliza Pleasants, and one child who died in infancy. The couple moved to Big Spring, Pocahontas County, West Virginia in 1877 where Gatewood spent the remainder of his life working as a farmer and stock raiser. He died on July 31, 1919."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAndrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860-1993. MS 0068. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860-1993. MS 0068. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers consist of 28 letters (dated 1860-1864) written by Gatewood to his parents and other family members. Early letters describe life at VMI and in Lexington, Virginia, just prior to and during early months of the Civil War. Subsequent letters date from Gatewood's service with the 11th Virginia Cavalry Regiment, Company F (Bath Squadron), including a letter (dated September 1862) written after the Second Battle of Manassas (2nd Bull Run). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe papers also include a \"History of the Bath Squadron,\" consisting of a manuscript fragment, copies of a series of published newspaper articles concerning the unit, and an edited transcription, publications concerning Confederate veteran reunions, and Gatewood's VMI cadet account book.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards initiation of new cadets, early reference to term \"rat\" as a name for a new cadet, complaints of homesickness, and comments on living in camp.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes daily routine of cadets, life in camp, and difficulty of studies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes dismantling summer camp and moving into barracks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses family matters, including court summons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses examinations, Christmas at VMI, and the secession of South Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter mentions examinations and the secession of South Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that he did well on his examinations and gives his class standing. The letter also mentions the secession of Florida and other states.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses the family's runaway slave, Jesse, and mentions willingness of cadets to fight to \"save Virginia.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses general news, including an invitation to a party, his studies, and a request for money.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses squad drill, general news, and speculates about Virginia secession and the War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses the need for new summer pants and the high price of cloth.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses general news, living in barracks, and anxiety about the return to summer camp in July.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes the \"flag raising incident,\" a confrontation between Lexington secessionists (including cadets), and pro-Union citizens.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes excitement among VMI cadets as Virginia decides to secede, suspension of academic duty, and cadet preparation for war.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that the Corps of Cadets will be ordered to Richmond, Virginia probably to drill recruits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Richmond, Virginia. Letter describes the cadets' journey from Lexington, Virginia to Richmond and more news of drilling new recruits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Richmond, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that he is drilling a company of new recruits and hopes for a commission.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Ashland, Virginia. Letter discusses a transfer to the Ashland Camp of Instruction to drill army recruits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Andrew C. L. Gatewood has returned to VMI to drill new cadets and University of Virginia students who are at VMI to receive training. Letter includes a complaint that he is not paid for his services and is still expected to pay room and board and the hopes to get a furlough.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Mountain Grove, Virginia. Letter discusses preparations to serve as drillmaster with the 81st regiment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Manassas, Virginia. Letter describes the Second Battle of Manassas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Edinburg, Virginia. Letter discusses potential to be sent to Harrisonburg, Virginia and mentions victory at Vicksburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards general news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Falling Springs Church, Rockbridge County, Virginia. Letter regards regiment encampment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards the regiment's presentation of the VMI Corps of Cadets with a captured flag and a review of troops by General Smith.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Waynesboro, Virginia. Letter regards camp at Waynesboro and expected orders to march and battle.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Waynesboro, Virginia. Letter regards that the brigade is ordered to eastern Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards general news from camp.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccount book contains entries for cadet expenses from July 31, 1860 to May 22, 1861.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePartial \"History of the Bath Squadron or Recollections of Thirty Years Ago\" manuscript in Andrew C. L. Gatewood's hand.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"History of the Bath Squadron\" typescript with annotations by C.L. Gatewood's grandson, John M. Dunlap, Jr. Included is a 5.25 inch floppy disk that contains a digital version of the typescript.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten by Dr. Hunter McGuire, Chairman. Report read by the committee chairman in Richmond, Virginia on June 5, 1899.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten by J. Coleman Alderson. Pamphlet contains \"speeches, engravings of the speakers, and General Officers of this Division, with other prominent West Virginia Confederates.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDocument was printed for the \"27th Reunion...United Confederate Veterans 22nd Annual Reunion...Sons of Veterans\" held in Washington, D.C. from June 4 to 8, 1917.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProceedings of the 27th Annual Reunion of the Confederate Veterans, the 18th Annual Convention of the Confederated Southern Memorial Association, and the 22nd Annual Reunion of the Sons of Confederate Veterans held in Washington D.C. from June 4 to 7, 1917.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The bulk of the Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers consist of 28 letters (dated 1860-1864) written by Gatewood to his parents and other family members. Early letters describe life at VMI and in Lexington, Virginia, just prior to and during early months of the Civil War. Subsequent letters date from Gatewood's service with the 11th Virginia Cavalry Regiment, Company F (Bath Squadron), including a letter (dated September 1862) written after the Second Battle of Manassas (2nd Bull Run).","The papers also include a \"History of the Bath Squadron,\" consisting of a manuscript fragment, copies of a series of published newspaper articles concerning the unit, and an edited transcription, publications concerning Confederate veteran reunions, and Gatewood's VMI cadet account book.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards initiation of new cadets, early reference to term \"rat\" as a name for a new cadet, complaints of homesickness, and comments on living in camp.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes daily routine of cadets, life in camp, and difficulty of studies.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes dismantling summer camp and moving into barracks.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses family matters, including court summons.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses examinations, Christmas at VMI, and the secession of South Carolina.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter mentions examinations and the secession of South Carolina.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that he did well on his examinations and gives his class standing. The letter also mentions the secession of Florida and other states.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses the family's runaway slave, Jesse, and mentions willingness of cadets to fight to \"save Virginia.\"","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses general news, including an invitation to a party, his studies, and a request for money.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses squad drill, general news, and speculates about Virginia secession and the War.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses the need for new summer pants and the high price of cloth.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses general news, living in barracks, and anxiety about the return to summer camp in July.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes the \"flag raising incident,\" a confrontation between Lexington secessionists (including cadets), and pro-Union citizens.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes excitement among VMI cadets as Virginia decides to secede, suspension of academic duty, and cadet preparation for war.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that the Corps of Cadets will be ordered to Richmond, Virginia probably to drill recruits.","Written from Richmond, Virginia. Letter describes the cadets' journey from Lexington, Virginia to Richmond and more news of drilling new recruits.","Written from Richmond, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that he is drilling a company of new recruits and hopes for a commission.","Written from Ashland, Virginia. Letter discusses a transfer to the Ashland Camp of Instruction to drill army recruits.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Andrew C. L. Gatewood has returned to VMI to drill new cadets and University of Virginia students who are at VMI to receive training. Letter includes a complaint that he is not paid for his services and is still expected to pay room and board and the hopes to get a furlough.","Written from Mountain Grove, Virginia. Letter discusses preparations to serve as drillmaster with the 81st regiment.","Written from Manassas, Virginia. Letter describes the Second Battle of Manassas.","Written from Edinburg, Virginia. Letter discusses potential to be sent to Harrisonburg, Virginia and mentions victory at Vicksburg, Virginia.","Written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards general news.","Written from Falling Springs Church, Rockbridge County, Virginia. Letter regards regiment encampment.","Letter written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards the regiment's presentation of the VMI Corps of Cadets with a captured flag and a review of troops by General Smith.","Written from Waynesboro, Virginia. Letter regards camp at Waynesboro and expected orders to march and battle.","Written from Waynesboro, Virginia. Letter regards that the brigade is ordered to eastern Virginia.","Written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards general news from camp.","Account book contains entries for cadet expenses from July 31, 1860 to May 22, 1861.","Partial \"History of the Bath Squadron or Recollections of Thirty Years Ago\" manuscript in Andrew C. L. Gatewood's hand.","\"History of the Bath Squadron\" typescript with annotations by C.L. Gatewood's grandson, John M. Dunlap, Jr. Included is a 5.25 inch floppy disk that contains a digital version of the typescript.","Written by Dr. Hunter McGuire, Chairman. Report read by the committee chairman in Richmond, Virginia on June 5, 1899.","Written by J. Coleman Alderson. Pamphlet contains \"speeches, engravings of the speakers, and General Officers of this Division, with other prominent West Virginia Confederates.\"","Document was printed for the \"27th Reunion...United Confederate Veterans 22nd Annual Reunion...Sons of Veterans\" held in Washington, D.C. from June 4 to 8, 1917.","Proceedings of the 27th Annual Reunion of the Confederate Veterans, the 18th Annual Convention of the Confederated Southern Memorial Association, and the 22nd Annual Reunion of the Sons of Confederate Veterans held in Washington D.C. from June 4 to 7, 1917."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_f3d0ffdf4864efbcf325abc5200c0bf2\"\u003eManuscripts stacks\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","United Confederate Veterans"],"persname_ssim":["Gatewood, Andrew C. L. (Andrew Cameron Lewis), 1843-1919","Dunlap, John M., Jr. (John McKee), 1917-?","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","United Confederate Veterans","Gatewood, Andrew C. L. (Andrew Cameron Lewis), 1843-1919","Dunlap, John M., Jr. (John McKee), 1917-?","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":46,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:59:54.976Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582_c01_c03_c09"}},{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_601_c06","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Letter to Wells J. Hawks, 1863","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_601_c06#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003ePartial transcription includes \"...I shall leave here. It is terrible almost makes me sick. Gen. Hill will I think from what I can learn be certainly appointed. There is a talk of making 3 Corps \u0026amp; giving Ewell one.\"\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_601_c06#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_601_c06","ref_ssm":["vilxv_repositories_3_resources_601_c06"],"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_601_c06","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_601","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_601","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_601","parent_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_601","parent_ssim":["Alexander S. Pendleton papers, 1862/1863"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vilxv_repositories_3_resources_601"],"title_filing_ssi":"Letter to Wells J. Hawks","title_ssm":["Letter to Wells J. Hawks"],"title_tesim":["Letter to Wells J. Hawks"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Letter to Wells J. Hawks, 1863"],"text":["Letter to Wells J. Hawks, 1863","Alexander S. Pendleton papers, 1862/1863","Hawks, Wells J.","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Soldiers -- Confederate States of America -- Correspondence","English","Partial transcription includes \"...I shall leave here. It is terrible almost makes me sick. Gen. Hill will I think from what I can learn be certainly appointed. There is a talk of making 3 Corps \u0026 giving Ewell one.\""],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Alexander S. Pendleton papers, 1862/1863"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Alexander S. Pendleton papers, 1862/1863"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1863"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1863 May 21"],"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":6,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Alexander S. Pendleton papers, 1862/1863"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"persname_ssim":["Hawks, Wells J."],"names_ssim":["Hawks, Wells J."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Soldiers -- Confederate States of America -- Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Soldiers -- Confederate States of America -- Correspondence"],"language_ssim":["English"],"date_range_isim":[1863],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePartial transcription includes \"...I shall leave here. It is terrible almost makes me sick. Gen. Hill will I think from what I can learn be certainly appointed. There is a talk of making 3 Corps \u0026amp; giving Ewell one.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Partial transcription includes \"...I shall leave here. It is terrible almost makes me sick. Gen. Hill will I think from what I can learn be certainly appointed. There is a talk of making 3 Corps \u0026 giving Ewell one.\""],"_nest_path_":"/components#5","timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:59:54.976Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_601","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_601","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_601","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_601","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_601.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vmi/vilxv00016.xml","title_ssm":["Alexander S. Pendleton papers"],"title_tesim":["Alexander S. Pendleton papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1862-1863"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1862-1863"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1862/1863"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alexander S. Pendleton papers, 1862/1863"],"text":["Alexander S. Pendleton papers, 1862/1863","MS.0412","/repositories/3/resources/601","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Orders (military records)","Dispatches","There are no restrictions.","This collection is available online","Alexander (Sandie) Swift Pendleton was born near Alexandria, Virginia on September 28, 1840 to William Nelson Pendleton (1809-1883; Episcopal minister, educator, and Confederate General) and Anzolette E. Page (1806-1884). The Pendleton family moved to Lexington, Virginia in October 1853, where William became rector at Grace Episcopal Church.","In 1857 Sandie Pendleton graduated from Washington College (now Washington \u0026 Lee University) and subsequently enrolled at the University of Virginia, where he was pursuing a Master of Arts degree when the Civil War began. He received a commission as 2nd Lieutenant with the Provisional Army of Virginia and reported to Harper's Ferry, West Virginia on June 14, 1861. Within weeks, he was asked by General Stonewall Jackson to join his staff as an ordnance officer. Jackson had known Pendleton from their days together in Lexington, where Jackson was a Professor at VMI. Pendleton subsequently served as Jackson's Assistant Adjutant General (Second Corps), and the relationship between Pendleton and Jackson was a close one. Following Jackson's death at Chancellorsville in May 1863, Sandie Pendleton remained as Assistant Adjutant General under General Richard S. Ewell and would later serve under General Jubal A. Early.","In 1863, Sandie Pendleton married Catherine Corbin (Carter) and the newlyweds were expecting their first child when he was mortally wounded at Fisher's Hill, Virginia on September 23, 1864.","This collection (nine items) consists of Alexander S. Pendleton's Civil War papers, including:\n\nMilitary orders and dispatches directed to General Richard S. Ewell and others\nA note from Pendleton to his father concerning the death of General Stonewall Jackson in May 1863\nA request for a leave of absence\nCorrespondence","Dispatch regards General Jackson's orders that the 9th Louisiana Infantry Regiment to report to General A. P. Hill.","General Order reports that all soldiers sent to hospitals must have certificate from their regimental surgeons.","Dispatch requests the names of officers involved in enrolling conscripts.","General Order regards reports of property used during encampments, staff officer furloughs, and that enlisted men may not be employed as servants by any officer.","Note announces the death of Stonewall Jackson.","Partial transcription includes \"...I shall leave here. It is terrible almost makes me sick. Gen. Hill will I think from what I can learn be certainly appointed. There is a talk of making 3 Corps \u0026 giving Ewell one.\"","General Order from General Richard S. Ewell that gives thanks for victory.","Note from Major Wells J. Hawks requesting a leave of absence.","Note explains that Major Wells J. Hawks is to proceed to the Valley District to procure subsistence supplies.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Pendleton, Alexander S. (Alexander Swift), 1840-1864","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Ewell, Richard S. (Richard Stoddert), 1817-1872","Hawks, Wells J.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alexander S. Pendleton papers, 1862/1863"],"collection_ssim":["Alexander S. Pendleton papers, 1862/1863"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.0412","/repositories/3/resources/601"],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0412","/repositories/3/resources/601"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Pendleton, Alexander S. (Alexander Swift), 1840-1864"],"creator_ssim":["Pendleton, Alexander S. (Alexander Swift), 1840-1864"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Pendleton, Alexander S. (Alexander Swift), 1840-1864","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Ewell, Richard S. (Richard Stoddert), 1817-1872","Hawks, Wells J."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creators_ssim":["Pendleton, Alexander S. (Alexander Swift), 1840-1864","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Ewell, Richard S. (Richard Stoddert), 1817-1872","Hawks, Wells J.","Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Orders (military records)","Dispatches"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Orders (military records)","Dispatches"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9 items"],"extent_tesim":["9 items"],"genreform_ssim":["Orders (military records)","Dispatches"],"date_range_isim":[1862,1863],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://digitalcollections.vmi.edu/cdm/ref/collection/p15821coll11/id/1779\"\u003eThis collection is available online\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Online Access"],"altformavail_tesim":["This collection is available online"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlexander (Sandie) Swift Pendleton was born near Alexandria, Virginia on September 28, 1840 to William Nelson Pendleton (1809-1883; Episcopal minister, educator, and Confederate General) and Anzolette E. Page (1806-1884). The Pendleton family moved to Lexington, Virginia in October 1853, where William became rector at Grace Episcopal Church.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1857 Sandie Pendleton graduated from Washington College (now Washington \u0026amp; Lee University) and subsequently enrolled at the University of Virginia, where he was pursuing a Master of Arts degree when the Civil War began. He received a commission as 2nd Lieutenant with the Provisional Army of Virginia and reported to Harper's Ferry, West Virginia on June 14, 1861. Within weeks, he was asked by General Stonewall Jackson to join his staff as an ordnance officer. Jackson had known Pendleton from their days together in Lexington, where Jackson was a Professor at VMI. Pendleton subsequently served as Jackson's Assistant Adjutant General (Second Corps), and the relationship between Pendleton and Jackson was a close one. Following Jackson's death at Chancellorsville in May 1863, Sandie Pendleton remained as Assistant Adjutant General under General Richard S. Ewell and would later serve under General Jubal A. Early.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1863, Sandie Pendleton married Catherine Corbin (Carter) and the newlyweds were expecting their first child when he was mortally wounded at Fisher's Hill, Virginia on September 23, 1864.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Alexander (Sandie) Swift Pendleton was born near Alexandria, Virginia on September 28, 1840 to William Nelson Pendleton (1809-1883; Episcopal minister, educator, and Confederate General) and Anzolette E. Page (1806-1884). The Pendleton family moved to Lexington, Virginia in October 1853, where William became rector at Grace Episcopal Church.","In 1857 Sandie Pendleton graduated from Washington College (now Washington \u0026 Lee University) and subsequently enrolled at the University of Virginia, where he was pursuing a Master of Arts degree when the Civil War began. He received a commission as 2nd Lieutenant with the Provisional Army of Virginia and reported to Harper's Ferry, West Virginia on June 14, 1861. Within weeks, he was asked by General Stonewall Jackson to join his staff as an ordnance officer. Jackson had known Pendleton from their days together in Lexington, where Jackson was a Professor at VMI. Pendleton subsequently served as Jackson's Assistant Adjutant General (Second Corps), and the relationship between Pendleton and Jackson was a close one. Following Jackson's death at Chancellorsville in May 1863, Sandie Pendleton remained as Assistant Adjutant General under General Richard S. Ewell and would later serve under General Jubal A. Early.","In 1863, Sandie Pendleton married Catherine Corbin (Carter) and the newlyweds were expecting their first child when he was mortally wounded at Fisher's Hill, Virginia on September 23, 1864."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlexander S. Pendleton Papers, MS 0412, Virginia\n            Military Institute Archives, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Alexander S. Pendleton Papers, MS 0412, Virginia\n            Military Institute Archives, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection (nine items) consists of Alexander S. Pendleton's Civil War papers, including:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMilitary orders and dispatches directed to General Richard S. 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Hawks requesting a leave of absence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote explains that Major Wells J. Hawks is to proceed to the Valley District to procure subsistence supplies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection (nine items) consists of Alexander S. Pendleton's Civil War papers, including:\n\nMilitary orders and dispatches directed to General Richard S. Ewell and others\nA note from Pendleton to his father concerning the death of General Stonewall Jackson in May 1863\nA request for a leave of absence\nCorrespondence","Dispatch regards General Jackson's orders that the 9th Louisiana Infantry Regiment to report to General A. P. 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Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_fc6c3720fa03721dd2626d680d191a83\"\u003eManuscripts stacks\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Pendleton, Alexander S. (Alexander Swift), 1840-1864","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Ewell, Richard S. (Richard Stoddert), 1817-1872","Hawks, Wells J."],"names_coll_ssim":["Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Ewell, Richard S. (Richard Stoddert), 1817-1872","Hawks, Wells J."],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Pendleton, Alexander S. (Alexander Swift), 1840-1864","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Ewell, Richard S. 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Emmett Martin letter, 1862"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vilxv_repositories_3_resources_486"],"title_filing_ssi":"Letter to wife","title_ssm":["Letter to wife"],"title_tesim":["Letter to wife"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Letter to wife, 1862"],"text":["Letter to wife, 1862","R. Emmett Martin letter, 1862","Martin, R. Emmett","Malvern Hill, Battle of, Va., 1862","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","English","BattleField July 3rd, 1862","My Dear Wife,\nI write in a haste and only a few lines to inform you of my safety after the hard fought Battle of the 1st inst. I was in with the Regament in the hottest of the fight and by the grace of God came out without a scratch. Our company suffered awfully in wounded but we had but one killed. Poor Henry King fell upon the field in defence of his country, a noble little soldier as ever drew the sword. The wounded are as follows. John Clark dangerously in the shoulder, John McDavid, Wm. McMil, Jasper \u0026 Gus Tyler, Baldwin, Barter, Ashford, Billy Cowen, Black, Ben Trotter, Dave Slay, Henry Birdsong. Our Regament lost in killed \u0026wounded (126) one hundred \u0026 twenty six.","We have driven the \"Young Napoleon\" and his grand army across the James River, whipping him in every battle and out of his strong Breast Works. We had a Battle last Sunday Evening, only a part of our Regament was under fire and lost several men, tho we could not return it. (Our men were wounded only), but we would have suffered terably, but we lay on the ground and the balls went over us. It has been a sucsesion of battles or one big Battle for the last six days a terable fight, but we are victorious. Our company acted nobly, with a few exceptions you will hear of them hereafter. John is safe and sound, and is now writing home.\nOne of the Confederates, (Singleton's old Company) is going to start home to day. We are going to send our letters by him. This Captain (Major Henry) was killed, he was a gallant old soldier. Our Col. (Griffin) was wounded. I do not know how badly, but fear dangerously. It was an awfull hot place we were in worse than the Battle of Manassas the Boys say. All I can say for myself is that I endeavor to do my duty, and think that I succeeded to the satisfaction of my officers \u0026 comrades, I will write a full account of it to you \u0026 Pa as soon as I can get an opportunity.","My health is tolerably good \u0026 improving all the time, and I hope to be as hard as a lightwood not in a short time. Give my love to Pa and tell him I endeavor to do my duty \u0026 his too, and not to be uneasy about me. Kiss my darling little ones for me \u0026 give my best respects to all our friends. I got your letter of 16th June on yesterday and was glad to hear that you all were getting along so well. Goodbye and God bless \u0026 protect you. Kiss the children again for me. My love to your Ma, tell her to write to me.\nYour Devoted Husband\nR. E. Martin","Written from \"Battlefield.\" Letter discusses the Battle of Malvern Hill, Virginia (Seven Days' Battle, Peninsular Campaign)."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["R. Emmett Martin letter, 1862"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["R. Emmett Martin letter, 1862"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1862"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1862 July 3"],"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":1,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"collection_ssim":["R. Emmett Martin letter, 1862"],"creator_ssim":["Martin, R. Emmett"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"persname_ssim":["Martin, R. Emmett"],"names_ssim":["Martin, R. Emmett"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Malvern Hill, Battle of, Va., 1862","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Malvern Hill, Battle of, Va., 1862","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865"],"language_ssim":["English"],"date_range_isim":[1862],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBattleField July 3rd, 1862\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Wife,\u003cbr\u003e\nI write in a haste and only a few lines to inform you of my safety after the hard fought Battle of the 1st inst. I was in with the Regament in the hottest of the fight and by the grace of God came out without a scratch. Our company suffered awfully in wounded but we had but one killed. Poor Henry King fell upon the field in defence of his country, a noble little soldier as ever drew the sword. The wounded are as follows. John Clark dangerously in the shoulder, John McDavid, Wm. McMil, Jasper \u0026amp; Gus Tyler, Baldwin, Barter, Ashford, Billy Cowen, Black, Ben Trotter, Dave Slay, Henry Birdsong. Our Regament lost in killed \u0026amp;wounded (126) one hundred \u0026amp; twenty six.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWe have driven the \"Young Napoleon\" and his grand army across the James River, whipping him in every battle and out of his strong Breast Works. We had a Battle last Sunday Evening, only a part of our Regament was under fire and lost several men, tho we could not return it. (Our men were wounded only), but we would have suffered terably, but we lay on the ground and the balls went over us. It has been a sucsesion of battles or one big Battle for the last six days a terable fight, but we are victorious. Our company acted nobly, with a few exceptions you will hear of them hereafter. John is safe and sound, and is now writing home.\nOne of the Confederates, (Singleton's old Company) is going to start home to day. We are going to send our letters by him. This Captain (Major Henry) was killed, he was a gallant old soldier. Our Col. (Griffin) was wounded. I do not know how badly, but fear dangerously. It was an awfull hot place we were in worse than the Battle of Manassas the Boys say. All I can say for myself is that I endeavor to do my duty, and think that I succeeded to the satisfaction of my officers \u0026amp; comrades, I will write a full account of it to you \u0026amp; Pa as soon as I can get an opportunity.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMy health is tolerably good \u0026amp; improving all the time, and I hope to be as hard as a lightwood not in a short time. Give my love to Pa and tell him I endeavor to do my duty \u0026amp; his too, and not to be uneasy about me. Kiss my darling little ones for me \u0026amp; give my best respects to all our friends. I got your letter of 16th June on yesterday and was glad to hear that you all were getting along so well. Goodbye and God bless \u0026amp; protect you. Kiss the children again for me. My love to your Ma, tell her to write to me.\u003cbr\u003e\nYour Devoted Husband\u003cbr\u003e\nR. E. Martin\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Transcription"],"odd_tesim":["BattleField July 3rd, 1862","My Dear Wife,\nI write in a haste and only a few lines to inform you of my safety after the hard fought Battle of the 1st inst. I was in with the Regament in the hottest of the fight and by the grace of God came out without a scratch. Our company suffered awfully in wounded but we had but one killed. Poor Henry King fell upon the field in defence of his country, a noble little soldier as ever drew the sword. The wounded are as follows. John Clark dangerously in the shoulder, John McDavid, Wm. McMil, Jasper \u0026 Gus Tyler, Baldwin, Barter, Ashford, Billy Cowen, Black, Ben Trotter, Dave Slay, Henry Birdsong. Our Regament lost in killed \u0026wounded (126) one hundred \u0026 twenty six.","We have driven the \"Young Napoleon\" and his grand army across the James River, whipping him in every battle and out of his strong Breast Works. We had a Battle last Sunday Evening, only a part of our Regament was under fire and lost several men, tho we could not return it. (Our men were wounded only), but we would have suffered terably, but we lay on the ground and the balls went over us. It has been a sucsesion of battles or one big Battle for the last six days a terable fight, but we are victorious. Our company acted nobly, with a few exceptions you will hear of them hereafter. John is safe and sound, and is now writing home.\nOne of the Confederates, (Singleton's old Company) is going to start home to day. We are going to send our letters by him. This Captain (Major Henry) was killed, he was a gallant old soldier. Our Col. (Griffin) was wounded. I do not know how badly, but fear dangerously. It was an awfull hot place we were in worse than the Battle of Manassas the Boys say. All I can say for myself is that I endeavor to do my duty, and think that I succeeded to the satisfaction of my officers \u0026 comrades, I will write a full account of it to you \u0026 Pa as soon as I can get an opportunity.","My health is tolerably good \u0026 improving all the time, and I hope to be as hard as a lightwood not in a short time. Give my love to Pa and tell him I endeavor to do my duty \u0026 his too, and not to be uneasy about me. Kiss my darling little ones for me \u0026 give my best respects to all our friends. I got your letter of 16th June on yesterday and was glad to hear that you all were getting along so well. Goodbye and God bless \u0026 protect you. Kiss the children again for me. My love to your Ma, tell her to write to me.\nYour Devoted Husband\nR. E. Martin"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWritten from \"Battlefield.\" Letter discusses the Battle of Malvern Hill, Virginia (Seven Days' Battle, Peninsular Campaign).\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Written from \"Battlefield.\" Letter discusses the Battle of Malvern Hill, Virginia (Seven Days' Battle, Peninsular Campaign)."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:59:54.976Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_486","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_486","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_486","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_486","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_486.xml","title_ssm":["R. Emmett Martin letter"],"title_tesim":["R. Emmett Martin letter"],"unitdate_ssm":["1862 July 3"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1862 July 3"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1862"],"normalized_title_ssm":["R. 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Our Regament lost in killed \u0026wounded (126) one hundred \u0026 twenty six.","We have driven the \"Young Napoleon\" and his grand army across the James River, whipping him in every battle and out of his strong Breast Works. We had a Battle last Sunday Evening, only a part of our Regament was under fire and lost several men, tho we could not return it. (Our men were wounded only), but we would have suffered terably, but we lay on the ground and the balls went over us. It has been a sucsesion of battles or one big Battle for the last six days a terable fight, but we are victorious. Our company acted nobly, with a few exceptions you will hear of them hereafter. John is safe and sound, and is now writing home.\nOne of the Confederates, (Singleton's old Company) is going to start home to day. We are going to send our letters by him. This Captain (Major Henry) was killed, he was a gallant old soldier. Our Col. (Griffin) was wounded. I do not know how badly, but fear dangerously. It was an awfull hot place we were in worse than the Battle of Manassas the Boys say. All I can say for myself is that I endeavor to do my duty, and think that I succeeded to the satisfaction of my officers \u0026 comrades, I will write a full account of it to you \u0026 Pa as soon as I can get an opportunity.","My health is tolerably good \u0026 improving all the time, and I hope to be as hard as a lightwood not in a short time. Give my love to Pa and tell him I endeavor to do my duty \u0026 his too, and not to be uneasy about me. Kiss my darling little ones for me \u0026 give my best respects to all our friends. I got your letter of 16th June on yesterday and was glad to hear that you all were getting along so well. Goodbye and God bless \u0026 protect you. Kiss the children again for me. My love to your Ma, tell her to write to me.\nYour Devoted Husband\nR. E. Martin","This collection consists of one Civil War letter (dated July 3, 1862) from Confederate soldier R. 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Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Malvern Hill, Battle of, Va., 1862","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Malvern Hill, Battle of, Va., 1862","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 items"],"extent_tesim":["1 items"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1862],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBattleField July 3rd, 1862\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMy Dear Wife,\u003cbr\u003e\nI write in a haste and only a few lines to inform you of my safety after the hard fought Battle of the 1st inst. I was in with the Regament in the hottest of the fight and by the grace of God came out without a scratch. Our company suffered awfully in wounded but we had but one killed. Poor Henry King fell upon the field in defence of his country, a noble little soldier as ever drew the sword. The wounded are as follows. John Clark dangerously in the shoulder, John McDavid, Wm. McMil, Jasper \u0026amp; Gus Tyler, Baldwin, Barter, Ashford, Billy Cowen, Black, Ben Trotter, Dave Slay, Henry Birdsong. Our Regament lost in killed \u0026amp;wounded (126) one hundred \u0026amp; twenty six.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWe have driven the \"Young Napoleon\" and his grand army across the James River, whipping him in every battle and out of his strong Breast Works. We had a Battle last Sunday Evening, only a part of our Regament was under fire and lost several men, tho we could not return it. (Our men were wounded only), but we would have suffered terably, but we lay on the ground and the balls went over us. It has been a sucsesion of battles or one big Battle for the last six days a terable fight, but we are victorious. Our company acted nobly, with a few exceptions you will hear of them hereafter. John is safe and sound, and is now writing home.\nOne of the Confederates, (Singleton's old Company) is going to start home to day. We are going to send our letters by him. This Captain (Major Henry) was killed, he was a gallant old soldier. Our Col. (Griffin) was wounded. I do not know how badly, but fear dangerously. It was an awfull hot place we were in worse than the Battle of Manassas the Boys say. All I can say for myself is that I endeavor to do my duty, and think that I succeeded to the satisfaction of my officers \u0026amp; comrades, I will write a full account of it to you \u0026amp; Pa as soon as I can get an opportunity.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMy health is tolerably good \u0026amp; improving all the time, and I hope to be as hard as a lightwood not in a short time. Give my love to Pa and tell him I endeavor to do my duty \u0026amp; his too, and not to be uneasy about me. Kiss my darling little ones for me \u0026amp; give my best respects to all our friends. I got your letter of 16th June on yesterday and was glad to hear that you all were getting along so well. Goodbye and God bless \u0026amp; protect you. Kiss the children again for me. My love to your Ma, tell her to write to me.\u003cbr\u003e\nYour Devoted Husband\u003cbr\u003e\nR. E. Martin\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Transcription"],"odd_tesim":["BattleField July 3rd, 1862","My Dear Wife,\nI write in a haste and only a few lines to inform you of my safety after the hard fought Battle of the 1st inst. I was in with the Regament in the hottest of the fight and by the grace of God came out without a scratch. Our company suffered awfully in wounded but we had but one killed. Poor Henry King fell upon the field in defence of his country, a noble little soldier as ever drew the sword. The wounded are as follows. John Clark dangerously in the shoulder, John McDavid, Wm. McMil, Jasper \u0026 Gus Tyler, Baldwin, Barter, Ashford, Billy Cowen, Black, Ben Trotter, Dave Slay, Henry Birdsong. Our Regament lost in killed \u0026wounded (126) one hundred \u0026 twenty six.","We have driven the \"Young Napoleon\" and his grand army across the James River, whipping him in every battle and out of his strong Breast Works. We had a Battle last Sunday Evening, only a part of our Regament was under fire and lost several men, tho we could not return it. (Our men were wounded only), but we would have suffered terably, but we lay on the ground and the balls went over us. It has been a sucsesion of battles or one big Battle for the last six days a terable fight, but we are victorious. Our company acted nobly, with a few exceptions you will hear of them hereafter. John is safe and sound, and is now writing home.\nOne of the Confederates, (Singleton's old Company) is going to start home to day. We are going to send our letters by him. This Captain (Major Henry) was killed, he was a gallant old soldier. Our Col. (Griffin) was wounded. I do not know how badly, but fear dangerously. It was an awfull hot place we were in worse than the Battle of Manassas the Boys say. All I can say for myself is that I endeavor to do my duty, and think that I succeeded to the satisfaction of my officers \u0026 comrades, I will write a full account of it to you \u0026 Pa as soon as I can get an opportunity.","My health is tolerably good \u0026 improving all the time, and I hope to be as hard as a lightwood not in a short time. Give my love to Pa and tell him I endeavor to do my duty \u0026 his too, and not to be uneasy about me. Kiss my darling little ones for me \u0026 give my best respects to all our friends. I got your letter of 16th June on yesterday and was glad to hear that you all were getting along so well. Goodbye and God bless \u0026 protect you. Kiss the children again for me. My love to your Ma, tell her to write to me.\nYour Devoted Husband\nR. E. Martin"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eR. Emmett Martin letter, 1862. MS 0406. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["R. Emmett Martin letter, 1862. MS 0406. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of one Civil War letter (dated July 3, 1862) from Confederate soldier R. Emmett Martin to his wife. The letter discusses the Battle of Malvern Hill, Virginia (Seven Days' Battle, Peninsular Campaign).\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eWritten from \"Battlefield.\" Letter discusses the Battle of Malvern Hill, Virginia (Seven Days' Battle, Peninsular Campaign).\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of one Civil War letter (dated July 3, 1862) from Confederate soldier R. Emmett Martin to his wife. The letter discusses the Battle of Malvern Hill, Virginia (Seven Days' Battle, Peninsular Campaign).","Written from \"Battlefield.\" Letter discusses the Battle of Malvern Hill, Virginia (Seven Days' Battle, Peninsular Campaign)."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_996e39f8bf2cb941ac3559bbfcf7e505\"\u003eManuscripts stacks\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Martin, R. Emmett"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Martin, R. Emmett"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:59:54.976Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_486_c01"}},{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582_c01_c01_c06","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Letter to William B. Gatewood, 1860","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582_c01_c01_c06#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter mentions examinations and the secession of South Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582_c01_c01_c06#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582_c01_c01_c06","ref_ssm":["vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582_c01_c01_c06"],"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582_c01_c01_c06","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582_c01_c01","parent_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582_c01_c01","parent_ssim":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860/1993","Correspondence, 1860/1864","Correspondence, 1860"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582","vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582_c01","vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582_c01_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Letter to William B. Gatewood","title_ssm":["Letter to William B. Gatewood"],"title_tesim":["Letter to William B. Gatewood"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Letter to William B. Gatewood, 1860"],"text":["Letter to William B. Gatewood, 1860","Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860/1993","Correspondence, 1860/1864","Correspondence, 1860","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1864","Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1860-1869","Virginia Military Institute—Academics—History—19th century","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Secession","Correspondence","English","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter mentions examinations and the secession of South Carolina."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860/1993","Correspondence, 1860/1864","Correspondence, 1860"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860/1993","Correspondence, 1860/1864","Correspondence, 1860"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1860"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1860 December 22"],"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"component_level_isim":[3],"sort_isi":8,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860/1993"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1864","Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1860-1869","Virginia Military Institute—Academics—History—19th century","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Secession","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1864","Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1860-1869","Virginia Military Institute—Academics—History—19th century","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Secession","Correspondence"],"language_ssim":["English"],"date_range_isim":[1860],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter mentions examinations and the secession of South Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter mentions examinations and the secession of South Carolina."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0/components#5","timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:59:54.976Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_582.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vmi/vilxv00001.xml","title_ssm":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers"],"title_tesim":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1860-1993"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1860-1993"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1860/1993"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860/1993"],"text":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860/1993","MS.0068","/repositories/3/resources/582","Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1860-1869","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Cavalry Regiment, 11th","Bull Run, 2nd Battle of, Va., 1862","Soldiers—Virginia—Correspondence","Lexington (Va.)—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia Military Institute—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1864","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives—Confederate","Correspondence","Account Books","Manuscripts","Clippings","There are no restrictions.","Andrew Cameron Lewis Gatewood was born at Mountain Grove, Bath County, Virginia, on June 30, 1843 to Samuel Vance Gatewood (1810-1861) and Eugenia Sophia Massie (1819-1884). He entered the VMI in July 1860, where he served as a cadet until the outbreak of the Civil War in April 1861. On April 16, 1861, he accompanied the Corps of Cadets to Richmond, Virginia where he served as a drillmaster to new\nConfederate recruits. Gatewood subsequently served in the same capacity under General Robert S. Garnett at Laurel Hill, Barbour County, West Virginia. He joined the 11th Virginia Cavalry Regiment in March 1862 and was elected 2nd Lieutenant,\n\"F\" Company (Bath Squadron). He served in this unit until the end of the War.","At the close of the Civil War, Gatewood returned to Bath County. His father had died suddenly in 1861 without leaving a will, and as the oldest son, he took on responsibility for his family's affairs. He married his childhood sweetheart, Mary Skillern Warwick (1845-1922) in 1869 and the couple had seven children: William Beale, Eugene Samuel, Massie Cameron, Andrew Warwick, Mary Preston, Eliza Pleasants, and one child who died in infancy. The couple moved to Big Spring, Pocahontas County, West Virginia in 1877 where Gatewood spent the remainder of his life working as a farmer and stock raiser. He died on July 31, 1919.","The bulk of the Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers consist of 28 letters (dated 1860-1864) written by Gatewood to his parents and other family members. Early letters describe life at VMI and in Lexington, Virginia, just prior to and during early months of the Civil War. Subsequent letters date from Gatewood's service with the 11th Virginia Cavalry Regiment, Company F (Bath Squadron), including a letter (dated September 1862) written after the Second Battle of Manassas (2nd Bull Run).","The papers also include a \"History of the Bath Squadron,\" consisting of a manuscript fragment, copies of a series of published newspaper articles concerning the unit, and an edited transcription, publications concerning Confederate veteran reunions, and Gatewood's VMI cadet account book.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards initiation of new cadets, early reference to term \"rat\" as a name for a new cadet, complaints of homesickness, and comments on living in camp.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes daily routine of cadets, life in camp, and difficulty of studies.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes dismantling summer camp and moving into barracks.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses family matters, including court summons.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses examinations, Christmas at VMI, and the secession of South Carolina.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter mentions examinations and the secession of South Carolina.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that he did well on his examinations and gives his class standing. The letter also mentions the secession of Florida and other states.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses the family's runaway slave, Jesse, and mentions willingness of cadets to fight to \"save Virginia.\"","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses general news, including an invitation to a party, his studies, and a request for money.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses squad drill, general news, and speculates about Virginia secession and the War.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses the need for new summer pants and the high price of cloth.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses general news, living in barracks, and anxiety about the return to summer camp in July.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes the \"flag raising incident,\" a confrontation between Lexington secessionists (including cadets), and pro-Union citizens.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes excitement among VMI cadets as Virginia decides to secede, suspension of academic duty, and cadet preparation for war.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that the Corps of Cadets will be ordered to Richmond, Virginia probably to drill recruits.","Written from Richmond, Virginia. Letter describes the cadets' journey from Lexington, Virginia to Richmond and more news of drilling new recruits.","Written from Richmond, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that he is drilling a company of new recruits and hopes for a commission.","Written from Ashland, Virginia. Letter discusses a transfer to the Ashland Camp of Instruction to drill army recruits.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Andrew C. L. Gatewood has returned to VMI to drill new cadets and University of Virginia students who are at VMI to receive training. Letter includes a complaint that he is not paid for his services and is still expected to pay room and board and the hopes to get a furlough.","Written from Mountain Grove, Virginia. Letter discusses preparations to serve as drillmaster with the 81st regiment.","Written from Manassas, Virginia. Letter describes the Second Battle of Manassas.","Written from Edinburg, Virginia. Letter discusses potential to be sent to Harrisonburg, Virginia and mentions victory at Vicksburg, Virginia.","Written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards general news.","Written from Falling Springs Church, Rockbridge County, Virginia. Letter regards regiment encampment.","Letter written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards the regiment's presentation of the VMI Corps of Cadets with a captured flag and a review of troops by General Smith.","Written from Waynesboro, Virginia. Letter regards camp at Waynesboro and expected orders to march and battle.","Written from Waynesboro, Virginia. Letter regards that the brigade is ordered to eastern Virginia.","Written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards general news from camp.","Account book contains entries for cadet expenses from July 31, 1860 to May 22, 1861.","Partial \"History of the Bath Squadron or Recollections of Thirty Years Ago\" manuscript in Andrew C. L. Gatewood's hand.","\"History of the Bath Squadron\" typescript with annotations by C.L. Gatewood's grandson, John M. Dunlap, Jr. Included is a 5.25 inch floppy disk that contains a digital version of the typescript.","Written by Dr. Hunter McGuire, Chairman. Report read by the committee chairman in Richmond, Virginia on June 5, 1899.","Written by J. Coleman Alderson. Pamphlet contains \"speeches, engravings of the speakers, and General Officers of this Division, with other prominent West Virginia Confederates.\"","Document was printed for the \"27th Reunion...United Confederate Veterans 22nd Annual Reunion...Sons of Veterans\" held in Washington, D.C. from June 4 to 8, 1917.","Proceedings of the 27th Annual Reunion of the Confederate Veterans, the 18th Annual Convention of the Confederated Southern Memorial Association, and the 22nd Annual Reunion of the Sons of Confederate Veterans held in Washington D.C. from June 4 to 7, 1917.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks","Virginia Military Institute Archives","United Confederate Veterans","Gatewood, Andrew C. L. (Andrew Cameron Lewis), 1843-1919","Dunlap, John M., Jr. (John McKee), 1917-?","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860/1993"],"collection_ssim":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860/1993"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.0068","/repositories/3/resources/582"],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0068","/repositories/3/resources/582"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Gatewood, Andrew C. L. (Andrew Cameron Lewis), 1843-1919","Dunlap, John M., Jr. (John McKee), 1917-?"],"creator_ssim":["Gatewood, Andrew C. L. (Andrew Cameron Lewis), 1843-1919","Dunlap, John M., Jr. (John McKee), 1917-?"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Gatewood, Andrew C. L. (Andrew Cameron Lewis), 1843-1919","Dunlap, John M., Jr. (John McKee), 1917-?","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","United Confederate Veterans"],"creators_ssim":["Gatewood, Andrew C. L. (Andrew Cameron Lewis), 1843-1919","Dunlap, John M., Jr. (John McKee), 1917-?","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890","Virginia Military Institute Archives","United Confederate Veterans"],"access_terms_ssm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1860-1869","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Cavalry Regiment, 11th","Bull Run, 2nd Battle of, Va., 1862","Soldiers—Virginia—Correspondence","Lexington (Va.)—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia Military Institute—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia Military Institute—Class of 1864","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Personal narratives—Confederate","Correspondence","Account Books","Manuscripts","Clippings"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute—Cadet life—1860-1869","Confederate States of America. 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He entered the VMI in July 1860, where he served as a cadet until the outbreak of the Civil War in April 1861. On April 16, 1861, he accompanied the Corps of Cadets to Richmond, Virginia where he served as a drillmaster to new\nConfederate recruits. Gatewood subsequently served in the same capacity under General Robert S. Garnett at Laurel Hill, Barbour County, West Virginia. He joined the 11th Virginia Cavalry Regiment in March 1862 and was elected 2nd Lieutenant,\n\"F\" Company (Bath Squadron). He served in this unit until the end of the War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt the close of the Civil War, Gatewood returned to Bath County. His father had died suddenly in 1861 without leaving a will, and as the oldest son, he took on responsibility for his family's affairs. He married his childhood sweetheart, Mary Skillern Warwick (1845-1922) in 1869 and the couple had seven children: William Beale, Eugene Samuel, Massie Cameron, Andrew Warwick, Mary Preston, Eliza Pleasants, and one child who died in infancy. The couple moved to Big Spring, Pocahontas County, West Virginia in 1877 where Gatewood spent the remainder of his life working as a farmer and stock raiser. He died on July 31, 1919.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Andrew Cameron Lewis Gatewood was born at Mountain Grove, Bath County, Virginia, on June 30, 1843 to Samuel Vance Gatewood (1810-1861) and Eugenia Sophia Massie (1819-1884). He entered the VMI in July 1860, where he served as a cadet until the outbreak of the Civil War in April 1861. On April 16, 1861, he accompanied the Corps of Cadets to Richmond, Virginia where he served as a drillmaster to new\nConfederate recruits. Gatewood subsequently served in the same capacity under General Robert S. Garnett at Laurel Hill, Barbour County, West Virginia. He joined the 11th Virginia Cavalry Regiment in March 1862 and was elected 2nd Lieutenant,\n\"F\" Company (Bath Squadron). He served in this unit until the end of the War.","At the close of the Civil War, Gatewood returned to Bath County. His father had died suddenly in 1861 without leaving a will, and as the oldest son, he took on responsibility for his family's affairs. He married his childhood sweetheart, Mary Skillern Warwick (1845-1922) in 1869 and the couple had seven children: William Beale, Eugene Samuel, Massie Cameron, Andrew Warwick, Mary Preston, Eliza Pleasants, and one child who died in infancy. The couple moved to Big Spring, Pocahontas County, West Virginia in 1877 where Gatewood spent the remainder of his life working as a farmer and stock raiser. He died on July 31, 1919."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAndrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860-1993. MS 0068. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers, 1860-1993. MS 0068. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers consist of 28 letters (dated 1860-1864) written by Gatewood to his parents and other family members. Early letters describe life at VMI and in Lexington, Virginia, just prior to and during early months of the Civil War. Subsequent letters date from Gatewood's service with the 11th Virginia Cavalry Regiment, Company F (Bath Squadron), including a letter (dated September 1862) written after the Second Battle of Manassas (2nd Bull Run). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe papers also include a \"History of the Bath Squadron,\" consisting of a manuscript fragment, copies of a series of published newspaper articles concerning the unit, and an edited transcription, publications concerning Confederate veteran reunions, and Gatewood's VMI cadet account book.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards initiation of new cadets, early reference to term \"rat\" as a name for a new cadet, complaints of homesickness, and comments on living in camp.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes daily routine of cadets, life in camp, and difficulty of studies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes dismantling summer camp and moving into barracks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses family matters, including court summons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses examinations, Christmas at VMI, and the secession of South Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter mentions examinations and the secession of South Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that he did well on his examinations and gives his class standing. The letter also mentions the secession of Florida and other states.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses the family's runaway slave, Jesse, and mentions willingness of cadets to fight to \"save Virginia.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses general news, including an invitation to a party, his studies, and a request for money.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses squad drill, general news, and speculates about Virginia secession and the War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses the need for new summer pants and the high price of cloth.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses general news, living in barracks, and anxiety about the return to summer camp in July.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes the \"flag raising incident,\" a confrontation between Lexington secessionists (including cadets), and pro-Union citizens.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes excitement among VMI cadets as Virginia decides to secede, suspension of academic duty, and cadet preparation for war.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that the Corps of Cadets will be ordered to Richmond, Virginia probably to drill recruits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Richmond, Virginia. Letter describes the cadets' journey from Lexington, Virginia to Richmond and more news of drilling new recruits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Richmond, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that he is drilling a company of new recruits and hopes for a commission.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Ashland, Virginia. Letter discusses a transfer to the Ashland Camp of Instruction to drill army recruits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Andrew C. L. Gatewood has returned to VMI to drill new cadets and University of Virginia students who are at VMI to receive training. Letter includes a complaint that he is not paid for his services and is still expected to pay room and board and the hopes to get a furlough.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Mountain Grove, Virginia. Letter discusses preparations to serve as drillmaster with the 81st regiment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Manassas, Virginia. Letter describes the Second Battle of Manassas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Edinburg, Virginia. Letter discusses potential to be sent to Harrisonburg, Virginia and mentions victory at Vicksburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards general news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Falling Springs Church, Rockbridge County, Virginia. Letter regards regiment encampment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards the regiment's presentation of the VMI Corps of Cadets with a captured flag and a review of troops by General Smith.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Waynesboro, Virginia. Letter regards camp at Waynesboro and expected orders to march and battle.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Waynesboro, Virginia. Letter regards that the brigade is ordered to eastern Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards general news from camp.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccount book contains entries for cadet expenses from July 31, 1860 to May 22, 1861.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePartial \"History of the Bath Squadron or Recollections of Thirty Years Ago\" manuscript in Andrew C. L. Gatewood's hand.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"History of the Bath Squadron\" typescript with annotations by C.L. Gatewood's grandson, John M. Dunlap, Jr. Included is a 5.25 inch floppy disk that contains a digital version of the typescript.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten by Dr. Hunter McGuire, Chairman. Report read by the committee chairman in Richmond, Virginia on June 5, 1899.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten by J. Coleman Alderson. Pamphlet contains \"speeches, engravings of the speakers, and General Officers of this Division, with other prominent West Virginia Confederates.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDocument was printed for the \"27th Reunion...United Confederate Veterans 22nd Annual Reunion...Sons of Veterans\" held in Washington, D.C. from June 4 to 8, 1917.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProceedings of the 27th Annual Reunion of the Confederate Veterans, the 18th Annual Convention of the Confederated Southern Memorial Association, and the 22nd Annual Reunion of the Sons of Confederate Veterans held in Washington D.C. from June 4 to 7, 1917.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The bulk of the Andrew C. L. Gatewood papers consist of 28 letters (dated 1860-1864) written by Gatewood to his parents and other family members. Early letters describe life at VMI and in Lexington, Virginia, just prior to and during early months of the Civil War. Subsequent letters date from Gatewood's service with the 11th Virginia Cavalry Regiment, Company F (Bath Squadron), including a letter (dated September 1862) written after the Second Battle of Manassas (2nd Bull Run).","The papers also include a \"History of the Bath Squadron,\" consisting of a manuscript fragment, copies of a series of published newspaper articles concerning the unit, and an edited transcription, publications concerning Confederate veteran reunions, and Gatewood's VMI cadet account book.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter regards initiation of new cadets, early reference to term \"rat\" as a name for a new cadet, complaints of homesickness, and comments on living in camp.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes daily routine of cadets, life in camp, and difficulty of studies.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes dismantling summer camp and moving into barracks.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses family matters, including court summons.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses examinations, Christmas at VMI, and the secession of South Carolina.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter mentions examinations and the secession of South Carolina.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that he did well on his examinations and gives his class standing. The letter also mentions the secession of Florida and other states.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses the family's runaway slave, Jesse, and mentions willingness of cadets to fight to \"save Virginia.\"","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses general news, including an invitation to a party, his studies, and a request for money.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses squad drill, general news, and speculates about Virginia secession and the War.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses the need for new summer pants and the high price of cloth.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter discusses general news, living in barracks, and anxiety about the return to summer camp in July.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes the \"flag raising incident,\" a confrontation between Lexington secessionists (including cadets), and pro-Union citizens.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter describes excitement among VMI cadets as Virginia decides to secede, suspension of academic duty, and cadet preparation for war.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that the Corps of Cadets will be ordered to Richmond, Virginia probably to drill recruits.","Written from Richmond, Virginia. Letter describes the cadets' journey from Lexington, Virginia to Richmond and more news of drilling new recruits.","Written from Richmond, Virginia. Letter informs his parents that he is drilling a company of new recruits and hopes for a commission.","Written from Ashland, Virginia. Letter discusses a transfer to the Ashland Camp of Instruction to drill army recruits.","Written from VMI, Lexington, Virginia. Andrew C. L. Gatewood has returned to VMI to drill new cadets and University of Virginia students who are at VMI to receive training. Letter includes a complaint that he is not paid for his services and is still expected to pay room and board and the hopes to get a furlough.","Written from Mountain Grove, Virginia. Letter discusses preparations to serve as drillmaster with the 81st regiment.","Written from Manassas, Virginia. Letter describes the Second Battle of Manassas.","Written from Edinburg, Virginia. Letter discusses potential to be sent to Harrisonburg, Virginia and mentions victory at Vicksburg, Virginia.","Written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards general news.","Written from Falling Springs Church, Rockbridge County, Virginia. Letter regards regiment encampment.","Letter written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards the regiment's presentation of the VMI Corps of Cadets with a captured flag and a review of troops by General Smith.","Written from Waynesboro, Virginia. Letter regards camp at Waynesboro and expected orders to march and battle.","Written from Waynesboro, Virginia. Letter regards that the brigade is ordered to eastern Virginia.","Written from the 11th Regiment camp. Letter regards general news from camp.","Account book contains entries for cadet expenses from July 31, 1860 to May 22, 1861.","Partial \"History of the Bath Squadron or Recollections of Thirty Years Ago\" manuscript in Andrew C. L. Gatewood's hand.","\"History of the Bath Squadron\" typescript with annotations by C.L. Gatewood's grandson, John M. Dunlap, Jr. Included is a 5.25 inch floppy disk that contains a digital version of the typescript.","Written by Dr. Hunter McGuire, Chairman. Report read by the committee chairman in Richmond, Virginia on June 5, 1899.","Written by J. Coleman Alderson. Pamphlet contains \"speeches, engravings of the speakers, and General Officers of this Division, with other prominent West Virginia Confederates.\"","Document was printed for the \"27th Reunion...United Confederate Veterans 22nd Annual Reunion...Sons of Veterans\" held in Washington, D.C. from June 4 to 8, 1917.","Proceedings of the 27th Annual Reunion of the Confederate Veterans, the 18th Annual Convention of the Confederated Southern Memorial Association, and the 22nd Annual Reunion of the Sons of Confederate Veterans held in Washington D.C. from June 4 to 7, 1917."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may not be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_f3d0ffdf4864efbcf325abc5200c0bf2\"\u003eManuscripts stacks\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","United Confederate Veterans"],"persname_ssim":["Gatewood, Andrew C. L. (Andrew Cameron Lewis), 1843-1919","Dunlap, John M., Jr. (John McKee), 1917-?","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","United Confederate Veterans","Gatewood, Andrew C. L. (Andrew Cameron Lewis), 1843-1919","Dunlap, John M., Jr. (John McKee), 1917-?","Smith, Francis H. (Francis Henney), 1812-1890"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":46,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:59:54.976Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_582_c01_c01_c06"}},{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_610","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Michael G. Harman letters, 1861","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_610#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Harman, Michael G., 1823-1877","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_610#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of the Civil War letters (six items) of Lieutenant Colonel Michael G. Harman, written from Staunton, Virginia where he was Quartermaster. The letters were written primarily to General Henry R. Jackson. The correspondence concerns supplies of corn, clothing, horses, and other items, transportation problems, and other Quartermaster Department problems.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_610#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_610","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_610","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_610","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_610","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_610.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vmi/vilxv00025.xml","title_ssm":["Michael G. Harman letters"],"title_tesim":["Michael G. Harman letters"],"unitdate_ssm":["1861"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1861"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1861"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Michael G. Harman letters, 1861"],"text":["Michael G. Harman letters, 1861","MS.0397","/repositories/3/resources/610","Augusta County (Va.)","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Infantry Regiment, 52nd","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Confederate States of America. Army—Supplies and stores","Military records","Correspondence","There are no restrictions.","Michael G. Harman was born in 1823 in Augusta County, Virginia. Prior to the Civil War he operated a stagecoach line and was the proprietor of a hotel. From April 1861 to  January 1862 he served as Confederate Quartermaster in Staunton, Virginia. On August 19, 1861 he was elected Lieutenant Colonel of the 52nd Virginia Infantry Regiment and served in a dual capacity until resigning his commission as Quartermaster on January 8, 1862. In May 1862 Harman was was elected Colonel of 52nd Virginia, but was wounded and resigned from the Army in June 1863 due to disability. He served served as Quartermaster in Staunton until the end of the Civil War.","After 1865 Harman continued to operate his stage line, hotel, and other businesses. From 1865 to 1866 he was member of the VMI Board of Visitors. He died in 1877 and is buried in Thornrose Cemetery, Staunton.","Staunton July 14, 1861\nHeadquarters Virginia Forces","Capt. Miller, McDowell Volunteers\nCaptain-","You are hereby required to report your command for immediate duty at this post to reinforce Genl. Garnett.  Do not fail to get here tomorrow if possible.  Despatch is of the first iimportance.","Very respectfully,\nyours \u0026 c\nM. G. Harman\nMajor Comdg.","Confederate States of America\nHead Quarters Forces at Staunton, Va.\nSept 3d, 1861  \nGeneral H. R. Jackson\nCommanding at Monterey","General-\nI send out today four (4) horse wagons and two horse wagons \u0026 harness, all property which I have directed to be turned over to your command, part of them loaded with corn for Greenbrier River. Do me the favor to write me if it will be necessary to impress additional transportation if I can send you 6 to 8 wagons \u0026 teams a[long] belonging to the Confederate States. I desire if you can do so, that you will demit the teams impressed to be returned as fast as I send out state teams to take the place of them. Capt. Hull, Quarter Master at Greenbrier River says his horses are suffering for corn \u0026 it cannot be supplied from that county. He also wrote he wanted a large quantity of clothing of various sorts, which I sent to the Quarter Master General. He [answers] me that he has a very small quantity of clothing \u0026 that Capt. [Hull] does not make a requisition allowance to support that. It would be well for a regular requisition to be put in for what clothing is required for any portion of your command, as winter is approaching \u0026 the [county] you are now in [requiring] comfortable clothing \u0026 c. Please tell me \u0026 I will get any article that can be had, that is necessary for your command. Maj. Corley [Corly, Corby] being on the other line I must hear from your [company] \u0026 [illegible] like to be kept well posted as to your wants. \nYours very Respectfully. \nM. G. Harman.\nMajor Comd.","P.S. We have 100 Yankee prisoners here taken by Genl. Floyd near Gauley Bridge in the fight with Col. Tyler.","Confederate States of America\nHead Quarters Forces at Staunton, Va.\nSept. 4th, 1861","Genl. H. R. Jackson\nCommanding at Monterey","General-\nYour order to Col. Baldwin commanding 52nd Regiment Va. Volunteers was recd \u0026 he ahs been pressing to get a portion of the Regiment ready to leave by Friday or Saturday. I write to suggest that if it is not absolutely necessary that a portion of the Regiment should leave here on Friday or Saturday, if you will order the whole Regiment to leave here on Tuesday next. I think I can safely say, you can rely on it that our whole Regiment will be at Monterey on the fourth day after Tuesday next. I think it very desirable all should move together. Please answer by return express. Capt. Otey's Company from Bedford Co. is here. A very fine Co. Number 127 men. Waiting here for 4 pieces of artillery \u0026 Major Gorgas informs me he cannot get them for three weeks. Would it not be well to have him join you with his Company armed with muskets \u0026 his artillery could follow him. Capt. Morrison's Co. is also here from Rockbridge --it can be ready in a few days. The arms for a portion of our Regiment will reach here on Monday from Richmond.\nYours very Respectfully\nM. G. Harman\nMajor, Comdg.","Confederate States of America\nHead Quarters Forces\nStaunton\nSeptember 17, 1861\nGeneral H. R. Jackson, Commanding Greenbrier River","General,\nI have purchased some 8000 bushels of corn, knowing your want am sending it forward rapidly, together with company supplies of all sorts. Major Corly [Corby] the quarter Master for the north west being stationed off your line at Hardy [V_] the business in that Department from some cause is badly arranged on the Monterey line, for instance I have sent out thousands of bags with grain \u0026 c \u0026 not one has ever been returned for supplies. I have again been compelled to commence the impressments of wagons \u0026 pledge the farmers that their teams shall only be kept one trip. My object in writing to you direct, is to ask the favor of you to direct the return of all the bags \u0026 also all the wagons \u0026 teams that can be spared. I will return them immediately with corn \u0026 oats for the horses, which you so much need. Col. J. B. Baldwin also wishes grain \u0026 c. sent to the Petersburg Line. With your aid I trust I will be able to keep both lines well supplied, but it is a matter of utmost importance that there should be a prompt return of any spare wagon, empty bags \u0026 c \u0026 c. Teams are of little use when feed cannot be supplied. With great consideration and respect I am, \nYour Obt. Servt., M. G. Harman. Major Comdg \u0026 c.","I have almost exhausted this country in the way of horses \u0026 wagons \u0026 purchased nearly all that was for sale \u0026 impressing the farmer's teams for one trip only. You will do me the favor to see that my promises are complied with \u0026 not kept but one trip as this will enable me to make all our people do their part of the transportation. I am very sorry General to trouble your with these matters, but I am unable to manage the transportation without your assistance. I sent out yesterday 25 wagons \u0026 today 26 wagons loaded with corn and company supplies","Confederate States of America\nHead Quarters Forces at Staunton, Va.\nOctober 10, 1861","Genl. H. R. Jackson\nCommanding on Monterey Line","General-\nYour letter by yesterday's express came to hand, \u0026 I have ordered \u0026 designated 13 four horse wagons \u0026 teams \u0026 two (two) horse teams \u0026 wagons to be turned over to do the transportation from Monterey to Greenbrier River. Would it not be well to take only 10 of these teams for the present until a good stock of grain \u0026 hay can be gotten out, or whenever you can spare the train let the whole train come in for a load of grain \u0026 hay.","You may depend upon it General that the Quarter Masters Department in the North West never can be managed with system \u0026 regularity until first rate business \u0026 experienced men are commissioned \u0026 placed at the important points on the line, \u0026 when commissioning they give security. Money can be drawn by them \u0026 many supplies purchased. Whereas when men are only occupying the place of assistants they are powerless \u0026 they probably never see their principal once in two months. Unless this Department is thoroughly organized on the different lines the Army must suffer greatly in the coming winter. You can judge of it by what your division has already suffered. I know you have enough to do without attending to these details.","I expect to join my regiment in 8 or 10 days \u0026 hope to get the Department in working order in your line before I left. I hope you will write a letter to the Secretary of War on the subject. I have placed Capt. Funkhouser on the road in charge of the Pony Express line \u0026 Capt Mason in charge of the repairs to the road, and a good business man is needed in the Quarter Masters Dept at Monterey whose duty should be to purchase all the supplies of forage \u0026 c \u0026 also see to the proper management of the wagons, horses \u0026 c, and also to have repair shops, blacksmith \u0026 wood shops at that point. I have written [illegible] my views \u0026 I recd. a letter from General Lee yesterday which I enclosed to the Secretary of War stating the great difficulty about transportation on that line. I have urged this most important matter upon the War Department \u0026 if you concur with me hope you will urge it also. Would it not be well to have a commissioned Quarter Master at Greenbrier River also.\nI am very respectfully\nM. G. Harman, Major Commanding","P.S. J. Whitmore the wagon master in charge of the train of 15 wagons [turned] over [cars] [illegible] with the trains. \u0026 if you should order it in for corn \u0026 hay he is acquainted with this country.","Confederate States of America\nHead Quarters Forces at Staunton, Va.\nOctober 20th, 1861","Genl. H. R. Jackson\nCommanding on Monterey Line\nGreenbrier River","General- \nYour letter in regard to horses unfit for service is at hand. When I wrote to you in regard to them I understood many horses were turned out as unfit for use. If the number that ought to be changed can be reported to me I will send out horses to take the places of those unfit for service.","On Thursday last I sent 7 loads of corn (4 horse) to Monterey. This morning 4 four horse loads of corn \u0026 Saturday 7 two horse wagons of Capt. Miller's [Battery] with corn \u0026 tomorrow morning I start twenty four horse wagon loads of corn \u0026 10 loads of clothing marked to Maj. J. L. Corley. I write to Capt. P. B. Hoge the Quarter master at Monterey if you desire it \u0026 direct him to do so although the corn is invoiced to Monterey to send it through without unloading to Greenbrier River. Col. Scott who is now in my office says he does not think 20 loads of corn can be stored at Greenbrier River. Please advise Capt. Hoge what you wish done by express.","Yesterday a train of wagons loaded with corn was started from the county of Rockingham to Monterey. It is most important the bags should be returned to us \u0026 for that reason if there is not room to store the corn at the River I wish it stopped at Monterey. I hope you will not think me troublesome in writing to you about these details, but there has been so much mismanagement I think it is best to communicate with you direct until I get all in good order.","There are now 1000 men in the Hospital here and it is too much crowded. Surgeon Boatwright informs me he has 250 men on the road to this place. I have recommended to the Surgeon General to authorize me to contract for the use of the Rockbridge Baths 9 miles from the Central Rail Road \u0026 will accommodate 300, and also to contract for Stribling Springs provided we need them \u0026 I feel confident we will need both in less than 10 days.\nVery Respectfully\nYour Obedient Servant\nM. G. Harman Lt. Colonel, Comdg. \u0026 c.","This collection consists of the Civil War letters (six items) of Lieutenant Colonel Michael G. Harman, written from Staunton, Virginia where he was Quartermaster. The letters were written primarily to General Henry R. Jackson. The correspondence concerns supplies of corn, clothing, horses, and other items, transportation problems, and other Quartermaster Department problems.","Written from Staunton, Virginia. Letter orders Captain Miller to reinforce General Garnett.","Written from Staunton, Virginia. Letter regards sending wagons and teams, a need for corn and clothing needs. The letter also mentions that 100 Union prisoners have been captured.","Written from Staunton, Virginia. Letter regards troop movements of the 52nd Virginia Infantry Regiment, Captain Otey's Company (Bedford County, Virginia), and Captain Morrison's Company (Rockbridge County, Virginia).","Written from Staunton, Virginia. Letter regards the purchase of corn, wagons and teams impressed from local farmers, and transportation problems.","Written from Staunton, Virginia. Letter regards sending teams and organizational problems.","Written from Staunton, Virginia. Letter regards a problem with horses unfit for service, and too many men in the hospital in Staunton.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Harman, Michael G., 1823-1877","Jackson, Henry R.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Michael G. Harman letters, 1861"],"collection_ssim":["Michael G. Harman letters, 1861"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.0397","/repositories/3/resources/610"],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0397","/repositories/3/resources/610"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Augusta County (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Augusta County (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Augusta County (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Harman, Michael G., 1823-1877"],"creator_ssim":["Harman, Michael G., 1823-1877"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Harman, Michael G., 1823-1877","Jackson, Henry R."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creators_ssim":["Harman, Michael G., 1823-1877","Jackson, Henry R.","Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Infantry Regiment, 52nd","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Confederate States of America. Army—Supplies and stores","Military records","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Infantry Regiment, 52nd","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Confederate States of America. Army—Supplies and stores","Military records","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["6 items"],"extent_tesim":["6 items"],"genreform_ssim":["Military records","Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1861],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMichael G. Harman was born in 1823 in Augusta County, Virginia. Prior to the Civil War he operated a stagecoach line and was the proprietor of a hotel. From April 1861 to  January 1862 he served as Confederate Quartermaster in Staunton, Virginia. On August 19, 1861 he was elected Lieutenant Colonel of the 52nd Virginia Infantry Regiment and served in a dual capacity until resigning his commission as Quartermaster on January 8, 1862. In May 1862 Harman was was elected Colonel of 52nd Virginia, but was wounded and resigned from the Army in June 1863 due to disability. He served served as Quartermaster in Staunton until the end of the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter 1865 Harman continued to operate his stage line, hotel, and other businesses. From 1865 to 1866 he was member of the VMI Board of Visitors. He died in 1877 and is buried in Thornrose Cemetery, Staunton.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Michael G. Harman was born in 1823 in Augusta County, Virginia. Prior to the Civil War he operated a stagecoach line and was the proprietor of a hotel. From April 1861 to  January 1862 he served as Confederate Quartermaster in Staunton, Virginia. On August 19, 1861 he was elected Lieutenant Colonel of the 52nd Virginia Infantry Regiment and served in a dual capacity until resigning his commission as Quartermaster on January 8, 1862. In May 1862 Harman was was elected Colonel of 52nd Virginia, but was wounded and resigned from the Army in June 1863 due to disability. He served served as Quartermaster in Staunton until the end of the Civil War.","After 1865 Harman continued to operate his stage line, hotel, and other businesses. From 1865 to 1866 he was member of the VMI Board of Visitors. He died in 1877 and is buried in Thornrose Cemetery, Staunton."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eStaunton July 14, 1861\u003cbr\u003e\nHeadquarters Virginia Forces\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCapt. Miller, McDowell Volunteers\u003cbr\u003e\nCaptain-\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYou are hereby required to report your command for immediate duty at this post to reinforce Genl. Garnett.  Do not fail to get here tomorrow if possible.  Despatch is of the first iimportance.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVery respectfully,\u003cbr\u003e\nyours \u0026amp; c\u003cbr\u003e\nM. G. Harman\u003cbr\u003e\nMajor Comdg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConfederate States of America\u003cbr\u003e\nHead Quarters Forces at Staunton, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nSept 3d, 1861  \u003cbr\u003e\nGeneral H. R. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nCommanding at Monterey\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeneral-\u003cbr\u003e\nI send out today four (4) horse wagons and two horse wagons \u0026amp; harness, all property which I have directed to be turned over to your command, part of them loaded with corn for Greenbrier River. Do me the favor to write me if it will be necessary to impress additional transportation if I can send you 6 to 8 wagons \u0026amp; teams a[long] belonging to the Confederate States. I desire if you can do so, that you will demit the teams impressed to be returned as fast as I send out state teams to take the place of them. Capt. Hull, Quarter Master at Greenbrier River says his horses are suffering for corn \u0026amp; it cannot be supplied from that county. He also wrote he wanted a large quantity of clothing of various sorts, which I sent to the Quarter Master General. He [answers] me that he has a very small quantity of clothing \u0026amp; that Capt. [Hull] does not make a requisition allowance to support that. It would be well for a regular requisition to be put in for what clothing is required for any portion of your command, as winter is approaching \u0026amp; the [county] you are now in [requiring] comfortable clothing \u0026amp; c. Please tell me \u0026amp; I will get any article that can be had, that is necessary for your command. Maj. Corley [Corly, Corby] being on the other line I must hear from your [company] \u0026amp; [illegible] like to be kept well posted as to your wants.\u003cbr\u003e \nYours very Respectfully. \u003cbr\u003e\nM. G. Harman.\u003cbr\u003e\nMajor Comd.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eP.S. We have 100 Yankee prisoners here taken by Genl. Floyd near Gauley Bridge in the fight with Col. Tyler.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConfederate States of America\u003cbr\u003e\nHead Quarters Forces at Staunton, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nSept. 4th, 1861\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGenl. H. R. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nCommanding at Monterey\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeneral-\u003cbr\u003e\nYour order to Col. Baldwin commanding 52nd Regiment Va. Volunteers was recd \u0026amp; he ahs been pressing to get a portion of the Regiment ready to leave by Friday or Saturday. I write to suggest that if it is not absolutely necessary that a portion of the Regiment should leave here on Friday or Saturday, if you will order the whole Regiment to leave here on Tuesday next. I think I can safely say, you can rely on it that our whole Regiment will be at Monterey on the fourth day after Tuesday next. I think it very desirable all should move together. Please answer by return express. Capt. Otey's Company from Bedford Co. is here. A very fine Co. Number 127 men. Waiting here for 4 pieces of artillery \u0026amp; Major Gorgas informs me he cannot get them for three weeks. Would it not be well to have him join you with his Company armed with muskets \u0026amp; his artillery could follow him. Capt. Morrison's Co. is also here from Rockbridge --it can be ready in a few days. The arms for a portion of our Regiment will reach here on Monday from Richmond.\u003cbr\u003e\nYours very Respectfully\u003cbr\u003e\nM. G. Harman\u003cbr\u003e\nMajor, Comdg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConfederate States of America\u003cbr\u003e\nHead Quarters Forces\u003cbr\u003e\nStaunton\u003cbr\u003e\nSeptember 17, 1861\u003cbr\u003e\nGeneral H. R. Jackson, Commanding Greenbrier River\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeneral,\u003cbr\u003e\nI have purchased some 8000 bushels of corn, knowing your want am sending it forward rapidly, together with company supplies of all sorts. Major Corly [Corby] the quarter Master for the north west being stationed off your line at Hardy [V_] the business in that Department from some cause is badly arranged on the Monterey line, for instance I have sent out thousands of bags with grain \u0026amp; c \u0026amp; not one has ever been returned for supplies. I have again been compelled to commence the impressments of wagons \u0026amp; pledge the farmers that their teams shall only be kept one trip. My object in writing to you direct, is to ask the favor of you to direct the return of all the bags \u0026amp; also all the wagons \u0026amp; teams that can be spared. I will return them immediately with corn \u0026amp; oats for the horses, which you so much need. Col. J. B. Baldwin also wishes grain \u0026amp; c. sent to the Petersburg Line. With your aid I trust I will be able to keep both lines well supplied, but it is a matter of utmost importance that there should be a prompt return of any spare wagon, empty bags \u0026amp; c \u0026amp; c. Teams are of little use when feed cannot be supplied. With great consideration and respect I am, \u003cbr\u003e\nYour Obt. Servt., M. G. Harman. Major Comdg \u0026amp; c.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI have almost exhausted this country in the way of horses \u0026amp; wagons \u0026amp; purchased nearly all that was for sale \u0026amp; impressing the farmer's teams for one trip only. You will do me the favor to see that my promises are complied with \u0026amp; not kept but one trip as this will enable me to make all our people do their part of the transportation. I am very sorry General to trouble your with these matters, but I am unable to manage the transportation without your assistance. I sent out yesterday 25 wagons \u0026amp; today 26 wagons loaded with corn and company supplies\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConfederate States of America\u003cbr\u003e\nHead Quarters Forces at Staunton, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nOctober 10, 1861\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGenl. H. R. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nCommanding on Monterey Line\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeneral-\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter by yesterday's express came to hand, \u0026amp; I have ordered \u0026amp; designated 13 four horse wagons \u0026amp; teams \u0026amp; two (two) horse teams \u0026amp; wagons to be turned over to do the transportation from Monterey to Greenbrier River. Would it not be well to take only 10 of these teams for the present until a good stock of grain \u0026amp; hay can be gotten out, or whenever you can spare the train let the whole train come in for a load of grain \u0026amp; hay.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYou may depend upon it General that the Quarter Masters Department in the North West never can be managed with system \u0026amp; regularity until first rate business \u0026amp; experienced men are commissioned \u0026amp; placed at the important points on the line, \u0026amp; when commissioning they give security. Money can be drawn by them \u0026amp; many supplies purchased. Whereas when men are only occupying the place of assistants they are powerless \u0026amp; they probably never see their principal once in two months. Unless this Department is thoroughly organized on the different lines the Army must suffer greatly in the coming winter. You can judge of it by what your division has already suffered. I know you have enough to do without attending to these details.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI expect to join my regiment in 8 or 10 days \u0026amp; hope to get the Department in working order in your line before I left. I hope you will write a letter to the Secretary of War on the subject. I have placed Capt. Funkhouser on the road in charge of the Pony Express line \u0026amp; Capt Mason in charge of the repairs to the road, and a good business man is needed in the Quarter Masters Dept at Monterey whose duty should be to purchase all the supplies of forage \u0026amp; c \u0026amp; also see to the proper management of the wagons, horses \u0026amp; c, and also to have repair shops, blacksmith \u0026amp; wood shops at that point. I have written [illegible] my views \u0026amp; I recd. a letter from General Lee yesterday which I enclosed to the Secretary of War stating the great difficulty about transportation on that line. I have urged this most important matter upon the War Department \u0026amp; if you concur with me hope you will urge it also. Would it not be well to have a commissioned Quarter Master at Greenbrier River also.\u003cbr\u003e\nI am very respectfully\u003cbr\u003e\nM. G. Harman, Major Commanding\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eP.S. J. Whitmore the wagon master in charge of the train of 15 wagons [turned] over [cars] [illegible] with the trains. \u0026amp; if you should order it in for corn \u0026amp; hay he is acquainted with this country.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConfederate States of America\u003cbr\u003e\nHead Quarters Forces at Staunton, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nOctober 20th, 1861\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGenl. H. R. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nCommanding on Monterey Line\u003cbr\u003e\nGreenbrier River\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeneral- \nYour letter in regard to horses unfit for service is at hand. When I wrote to you in regard to them I understood many horses were turned out as unfit for use. If the number that ought to be changed can be reported to me I will send out horses to take the places of those unfit for service.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn Thursday last I sent 7 loads of corn (4 horse) to Monterey. This morning 4 four horse loads of corn \u0026amp; Saturday 7 two horse wagons of Capt. Miller's [Battery] with corn \u0026amp; tomorrow morning I start twenty four horse wagon loads of corn \u0026amp; 10 loads of clothing marked to Maj. J. L. Corley. I write to Capt. P. B. Hoge the Quarter master at Monterey if you desire it \u0026amp; direct him to do so although the corn is invoiced to Monterey to send it through without unloading to Greenbrier River. Col. Scott who is now in my office says he does not think 20 loads of corn can be stored at Greenbrier River. Please advise Capt. Hoge what you wish done by express.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYesterday a train of wagons loaded with corn was started from the county of Rockingham to Monterey. It is most important the bags should be returned to us \u0026amp; for that reason if there is not room to store the corn at the River I wish it stopped at Monterey. I hope you will not think me troublesome in writing to you about these details, but there has been so much mismanagement I think it is best to communicate with you direct until I get all in good order.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are now 1000 men in the Hospital here and it is too much crowded. Surgeon Boatwright informs me he has 250 men on the road to this place. I have recommended to the Surgeon General to authorize me to contract for the use of the Rockbridge Baths 9 miles from the Central Rail Road \u0026amp; will accommodate 300, and also to contract for Stribling Springs provided we need them \u0026amp; I feel confident we will need both in less than 10 days.\u003cbr\u003e\nVery Respectfully\u003cbr\u003e\nYour Obedient Servant\u003cbr\u003e\nM. G. Harman Lt. Colonel, Comdg. \u0026amp; c.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription"],"odd_tesim":["Staunton July 14, 1861\nHeadquarters Virginia Forces","Capt. Miller, McDowell Volunteers\nCaptain-","You are hereby required to report your command for immediate duty at this post to reinforce Genl. Garnett.  Do not fail to get here tomorrow if possible.  Despatch is of the first iimportance.","Very respectfully,\nyours \u0026 c\nM. G. Harman\nMajor Comdg.","Confederate States of America\nHead Quarters Forces at Staunton, Va.\nSept 3d, 1861  \nGeneral H. R. Jackson\nCommanding at Monterey","General-\nI send out today four (4) horse wagons and two horse wagons \u0026 harness, all property which I have directed to be turned over to your command, part of them loaded with corn for Greenbrier River. Do me the favor to write me if it will be necessary to impress additional transportation if I can send you 6 to 8 wagons \u0026 teams a[long] belonging to the Confederate States. I desire if you can do so, that you will demit the teams impressed to be returned as fast as I send out state teams to take the place of them. Capt. Hull, Quarter Master at Greenbrier River says his horses are suffering for corn \u0026 it cannot be supplied from that county. He also wrote he wanted a large quantity of clothing of various sorts, which I sent to the Quarter Master General. He [answers] me that he has a very small quantity of clothing \u0026 that Capt. [Hull] does not make a requisition allowance to support that. It would be well for a regular requisition to be put in for what clothing is required for any portion of your command, as winter is approaching \u0026 the [county] you are now in [requiring] comfortable clothing \u0026 c. Please tell me \u0026 I will get any article that can be had, that is necessary for your command. Maj. Corley [Corly, Corby] being on the other line I must hear from your [company] \u0026 [illegible] like to be kept well posted as to your wants. \nYours very Respectfully. \nM. G. Harman.\nMajor Comd.","P.S. We have 100 Yankee prisoners here taken by Genl. Floyd near Gauley Bridge in the fight with Col. Tyler.","Confederate States of America\nHead Quarters Forces at Staunton, Va.\nSept. 4th, 1861","Genl. H. R. Jackson\nCommanding at Monterey","General-\nYour order to Col. Baldwin commanding 52nd Regiment Va. Volunteers was recd \u0026 he ahs been pressing to get a portion of the Regiment ready to leave by Friday or Saturday. I write to suggest that if it is not absolutely necessary that a portion of the Regiment should leave here on Friday or Saturday, if you will order the whole Regiment to leave here on Tuesday next. I think I can safely say, you can rely on it that our whole Regiment will be at Monterey on the fourth day after Tuesday next. I think it very desirable all should move together. Please answer by return express. Capt. Otey's Company from Bedford Co. is here. A very fine Co. Number 127 men. Waiting here for 4 pieces of artillery \u0026 Major Gorgas informs me he cannot get them for three weeks. Would it not be well to have him join you with his Company armed with muskets \u0026 his artillery could follow him. Capt. Morrison's Co. is also here from Rockbridge --it can be ready in a few days. The arms for a portion of our Regiment will reach here on Monday from Richmond.\nYours very Respectfully\nM. G. Harman\nMajor, Comdg.","Confederate States of America\nHead Quarters Forces\nStaunton\nSeptember 17, 1861\nGeneral H. R. Jackson, Commanding Greenbrier River","General,\nI have purchased some 8000 bushels of corn, knowing your want am sending it forward rapidly, together with company supplies of all sorts. Major Corly [Corby] the quarter Master for the north west being stationed off your line at Hardy [V_] the business in that Department from some cause is badly arranged on the Monterey line, for instance I have sent out thousands of bags with grain \u0026 c \u0026 not one has ever been returned for supplies. I have again been compelled to commence the impressments of wagons \u0026 pledge the farmers that their teams shall only be kept one trip. My object in writing to you direct, is to ask the favor of you to direct the return of all the bags \u0026 also all the wagons \u0026 teams that can be spared. I will return them immediately with corn \u0026 oats for the horses, which you so much need. Col. J. B. Baldwin also wishes grain \u0026 c. sent to the Petersburg Line. With your aid I trust I will be able to keep both lines well supplied, but it is a matter of utmost importance that there should be a prompt return of any spare wagon, empty bags \u0026 c \u0026 c. Teams are of little use when feed cannot be supplied. With great consideration and respect I am, \nYour Obt. Servt., M. G. Harman. Major Comdg \u0026 c.","I have almost exhausted this country in the way of horses \u0026 wagons \u0026 purchased nearly all that was for sale \u0026 impressing the farmer's teams for one trip only. You will do me the favor to see that my promises are complied with \u0026 not kept but one trip as this will enable me to make all our people do their part of the transportation. I am very sorry General to trouble your with these matters, but I am unable to manage the transportation without your assistance. I sent out yesterday 25 wagons \u0026 today 26 wagons loaded with corn and company supplies","Confederate States of America\nHead Quarters Forces at Staunton, Va.\nOctober 10, 1861","Genl. H. R. Jackson\nCommanding on Monterey Line","General-\nYour letter by yesterday's express came to hand, \u0026 I have ordered \u0026 designated 13 four horse wagons \u0026 teams \u0026 two (two) horse teams \u0026 wagons to be turned over to do the transportation from Monterey to Greenbrier River. Would it not be well to take only 10 of these teams for the present until a good stock of grain \u0026 hay can be gotten out, or whenever you can spare the train let the whole train come in for a load of grain \u0026 hay.","You may depend upon it General that the Quarter Masters Department in the North West never can be managed with system \u0026 regularity until first rate business \u0026 experienced men are commissioned \u0026 placed at the important points on the line, \u0026 when commissioning they give security. Money can be drawn by them \u0026 many supplies purchased. Whereas when men are only occupying the place of assistants they are powerless \u0026 they probably never see their principal once in two months. Unless this Department is thoroughly organized on the different lines the Army must suffer greatly in the coming winter. You can judge of it by what your division has already suffered. I know you have enough to do without attending to these details.","I expect to join my regiment in 8 or 10 days \u0026 hope to get the Department in working order in your line before I left. I hope you will write a letter to the Secretary of War on the subject. I have placed Capt. Funkhouser on the road in charge of the Pony Express line \u0026 Capt Mason in charge of the repairs to the road, and a good business man is needed in the Quarter Masters Dept at Monterey whose duty should be to purchase all the supplies of forage \u0026 c \u0026 also see to the proper management of the wagons, horses \u0026 c, and also to have repair shops, blacksmith \u0026 wood shops at that point. I have written [illegible] my views \u0026 I recd. a letter from General Lee yesterday which I enclosed to the Secretary of War stating the great difficulty about transportation on that line. I have urged this most important matter upon the War Department \u0026 if you concur with me hope you will urge it also. Would it not be well to have a commissioned Quarter Master at Greenbrier River also.\nI am very respectfully\nM. G. Harman, Major Commanding","P.S. J. Whitmore the wagon master in charge of the train of 15 wagons [turned] over [cars] [illegible] with the trains. \u0026 if you should order it in for corn \u0026 hay he is acquainted with this country.","Confederate States of America\nHead Quarters Forces at Staunton, Va.\nOctober 20th, 1861","Genl. H. R. Jackson\nCommanding on Monterey Line\nGreenbrier River","General- \nYour letter in regard to horses unfit for service is at hand. When I wrote to you in regard to them I understood many horses were turned out as unfit for use. If the number that ought to be changed can be reported to me I will send out horses to take the places of those unfit for service.","On Thursday last I sent 7 loads of corn (4 horse) to Monterey. This morning 4 four horse loads of corn \u0026 Saturday 7 two horse wagons of Capt. Miller's [Battery] with corn \u0026 tomorrow morning I start twenty four horse wagon loads of corn \u0026 10 loads of clothing marked to Maj. J. L. Corley. I write to Capt. P. B. Hoge the Quarter master at Monterey if you desire it \u0026 direct him to do so although the corn is invoiced to Monterey to send it through without unloading to Greenbrier River. Col. Scott who is now in my office says he does not think 20 loads of corn can be stored at Greenbrier River. Please advise Capt. Hoge what you wish done by express.","Yesterday a train of wagons loaded with corn was started from the county of Rockingham to Monterey. It is most important the bags should be returned to us \u0026 for that reason if there is not room to store the corn at the River I wish it stopped at Monterey. I hope you will not think me troublesome in writing to you about these details, but there has been so much mismanagement I think it is best to communicate with you direct until I get all in good order.","There are now 1000 men in the Hospital here and it is too much crowded. Surgeon Boatwright informs me he has 250 men on the road to this place. I have recommended to the Surgeon General to authorize me to contract for the use of the Rockbridge Baths 9 miles from the Central Rail Road \u0026 will accommodate 300, and also to contract for Stribling Springs provided we need them \u0026 I feel confident we will need both in less than 10 days.\nVery Respectfully\nYour Obedient Servant\nM. G. Harman Lt. Colonel, Comdg. \u0026 c."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMichael G. Harman letters, 1861. MS 0397. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Michael G. Harman letters, 1861. MS 0397. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of the Civil War letters (six items) of Lieutenant Colonel Michael G. Harman, written from Staunton, Virginia where he was Quartermaster. The letters were written primarily to General Henry R. Jackson. The correspondence concerns supplies of corn, clothing, horses, and other items, transportation problems, and other Quartermaster Department problems.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Staunton, Virginia. Letter orders Captain Miller to reinforce General Garnett.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Staunton, Virginia. Letter regards sending wagons and teams, a need for corn and clothing needs. The letter also mentions that 100 Union prisoners have been captured.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Staunton, Virginia. Letter regards troop movements of the 52nd Virginia Infantry Regiment, Captain Otey's Company (Bedford County, Virginia), and Captain Morrison's Company (Rockbridge County, Virginia).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Staunton, Virginia. Letter regards the purchase of corn, wagons and teams impressed from local farmers, and transportation problems.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Staunton, Virginia. Letter regards sending teams and organizational problems.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Staunton, Virginia. Letter regards a problem with horses unfit for service, and too many men in the hospital in Staunton.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of the Civil War letters (six items) of Lieutenant Colonel Michael G. Harman, written from Staunton, Virginia where he was Quartermaster. The letters were written primarily to General Henry R. Jackson. The correspondence concerns supplies of corn, clothing, horses, and other items, transportation problems, and other Quartermaster Department problems.","Written from Staunton, Virginia. Letter orders Captain Miller to reinforce General Garnett.","Written from Staunton, Virginia. Letter regards sending wagons and teams, a need for corn and clothing needs. The letter also mentions that 100 Union prisoners have been captured.","Written from Staunton, Virginia. Letter regards troop movements of the 52nd Virginia Infantry Regiment, Captain Otey's Company (Bedford County, Virginia), and Captain Morrison's Company (Rockbridge County, Virginia).","Written from Staunton, Virginia. Letter regards the purchase of corn, wagons and teams impressed from local farmers, and transportation problems.","Written from Staunton, Virginia. Letter regards sending teams and organizational problems.","Written from Staunton, Virginia. Letter regards a problem with horses unfit for service, and too many men in the hospital in Staunton."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_a6ff59417c345852e5c5ed224cf07fb9\"\u003eManuscripts stacks\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Harman, Michael G., 1823-1877","Jackson, Henry R."],"names_coll_ssim":["Jackson, Henry R."],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Harman, Michael G., 1823-1877","Jackson, Henry R."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":6,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:59:54.976Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_610","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_610","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_610","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_610","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_610.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vmi/vilxv00025.xml","title_ssm":["Michael G. Harman letters"],"title_tesim":["Michael G. Harman letters"],"unitdate_ssm":["1861"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1861"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1861"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Michael G. Harman letters, 1861"],"text":["Michael G. Harman letters, 1861","MS.0397","/repositories/3/resources/610","Augusta County (Va.)","Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Infantry Regiment, 52nd","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Confederate States of America. Army—Supplies and stores","Military records","Correspondence","There are no restrictions.","Michael G. Harman was born in 1823 in Augusta County, Virginia. Prior to the Civil War he operated a stagecoach line and was the proprietor of a hotel. From April 1861 to  January 1862 he served as Confederate Quartermaster in Staunton, Virginia. On August 19, 1861 he was elected Lieutenant Colonel of the 52nd Virginia Infantry Regiment and served in a dual capacity until resigning his commission as Quartermaster on January 8, 1862. In May 1862 Harman was was elected Colonel of 52nd Virginia, but was wounded and resigned from the Army in June 1863 due to disability. He served served as Quartermaster in Staunton until the end of the Civil War.","After 1865 Harman continued to operate his stage line, hotel, and other businesses. From 1865 to 1866 he was member of the VMI Board of Visitors. He died in 1877 and is buried in Thornrose Cemetery, Staunton.","Staunton July 14, 1861\nHeadquarters Virginia Forces","Capt. Miller, McDowell Volunteers\nCaptain-","You are hereby required to report your command for immediate duty at this post to reinforce Genl. Garnett.  Do not fail to get here tomorrow if possible.  Despatch is of the first iimportance.","Very respectfully,\nyours \u0026 c\nM. G. Harman\nMajor Comdg.","Confederate States of America\nHead Quarters Forces at Staunton, Va.\nSept 3d, 1861  \nGeneral H. R. Jackson\nCommanding at Monterey","General-\nI send out today four (4) horse wagons and two horse wagons \u0026 harness, all property which I have directed to be turned over to your command, part of them loaded with corn for Greenbrier River. Do me the favor to write me if it will be necessary to impress additional transportation if I can send you 6 to 8 wagons \u0026 teams a[long] belonging to the Confederate States. I desire if you can do so, that you will demit the teams impressed to be returned as fast as I send out state teams to take the place of them. Capt. Hull, Quarter Master at Greenbrier River says his horses are suffering for corn \u0026 it cannot be supplied from that county. He also wrote he wanted a large quantity of clothing of various sorts, which I sent to the Quarter Master General. He [answers] me that he has a very small quantity of clothing \u0026 that Capt. [Hull] does not make a requisition allowance to support that. It would be well for a regular requisition to be put in for what clothing is required for any portion of your command, as winter is approaching \u0026 the [county] you are now in [requiring] comfortable clothing \u0026 c. Please tell me \u0026 I will get any article that can be had, that is necessary for your command. Maj. Corley [Corly, Corby] being on the other line I must hear from your [company] \u0026 [illegible] like to be kept well posted as to your wants. \nYours very Respectfully. \nM. G. Harman.\nMajor Comd.","P.S. We have 100 Yankee prisoners here taken by Genl. Floyd near Gauley Bridge in the fight with Col. Tyler.","Confederate States of America\nHead Quarters Forces at Staunton, Va.\nSept. 4th, 1861","Genl. H. R. Jackson\nCommanding at Monterey","General-\nYour order to Col. Baldwin commanding 52nd Regiment Va. Volunteers was recd \u0026 he ahs been pressing to get a portion of the Regiment ready to leave by Friday or Saturday. I write to suggest that if it is not absolutely necessary that a portion of the Regiment should leave here on Friday or Saturday, if you will order the whole Regiment to leave here on Tuesday next. I think I can safely say, you can rely on it that our whole Regiment will be at Monterey on the fourth day after Tuesday next. I think it very desirable all should move together. Please answer by return express. Capt. Otey's Company from Bedford Co. is here. A very fine Co. Number 127 men. Waiting here for 4 pieces of artillery \u0026 Major Gorgas informs me he cannot get them for three weeks. Would it not be well to have him join you with his Company armed with muskets \u0026 his artillery could follow him. Capt. Morrison's Co. is also here from Rockbridge --it can be ready in a few days. The arms for a portion of our Regiment will reach here on Monday from Richmond.\nYours very Respectfully\nM. G. Harman\nMajor, Comdg.","Confederate States of America\nHead Quarters Forces\nStaunton\nSeptember 17, 1861\nGeneral H. R. Jackson, Commanding Greenbrier River","General,\nI have purchased some 8000 bushels of corn, knowing your want am sending it forward rapidly, together with company supplies of all sorts. Major Corly [Corby] the quarter Master for the north west being stationed off your line at Hardy [V_] the business in that Department from some cause is badly arranged on the Monterey line, for instance I have sent out thousands of bags with grain \u0026 c \u0026 not one has ever been returned for supplies. I have again been compelled to commence the impressments of wagons \u0026 pledge the farmers that their teams shall only be kept one trip. My object in writing to you direct, is to ask the favor of you to direct the return of all the bags \u0026 also all the wagons \u0026 teams that can be spared. I will return them immediately with corn \u0026 oats for the horses, which you so much need. Col. J. B. Baldwin also wishes grain \u0026 c. sent to the Petersburg Line. With your aid I trust I will be able to keep both lines well supplied, but it is a matter of utmost importance that there should be a prompt return of any spare wagon, empty bags \u0026 c \u0026 c. Teams are of little use when feed cannot be supplied. With great consideration and respect I am, \nYour Obt. Servt., M. G. Harman. Major Comdg \u0026 c.","I have almost exhausted this country in the way of horses \u0026 wagons \u0026 purchased nearly all that was for sale \u0026 impressing the farmer's teams for one trip only. You will do me the favor to see that my promises are complied with \u0026 not kept but one trip as this will enable me to make all our people do their part of the transportation. I am very sorry General to trouble your with these matters, but I am unable to manage the transportation without your assistance. I sent out yesterday 25 wagons \u0026 today 26 wagons loaded with corn and company supplies","Confederate States of America\nHead Quarters Forces at Staunton, Va.\nOctober 10, 1861","Genl. H. R. Jackson\nCommanding on Monterey Line","General-\nYour letter by yesterday's express came to hand, \u0026 I have ordered \u0026 designated 13 four horse wagons \u0026 teams \u0026 two (two) horse teams \u0026 wagons to be turned over to do the transportation from Monterey to Greenbrier River. Would it not be well to take only 10 of these teams for the present until a good stock of grain \u0026 hay can be gotten out, or whenever you can spare the train let the whole train come in for a load of grain \u0026 hay.","You may depend upon it General that the Quarter Masters Department in the North West never can be managed with system \u0026 regularity until first rate business \u0026 experienced men are commissioned \u0026 placed at the important points on the line, \u0026 when commissioning they give security. Money can be drawn by them \u0026 many supplies purchased. Whereas when men are only occupying the place of assistants they are powerless \u0026 they probably never see their principal once in two months. Unless this Department is thoroughly organized on the different lines the Army must suffer greatly in the coming winter. You can judge of it by what your division has already suffered. I know you have enough to do without attending to these details.","I expect to join my regiment in 8 or 10 days \u0026 hope to get the Department in working order in your line before I left. I hope you will write a letter to the Secretary of War on the subject. I have placed Capt. Funkhouser on the road in charge of the Pony Express line \u0026 Capt Mason in charge of the repairs to the road, and a good business man is needed in the Quarter Masters Dept at Monterey whose duty should be to purchase all the supplies of forage \u0026 c \u0026 also see to the proper management of the wagons, horses \u0026 c, and also to have repair shops, blacksmith \u0026 wood shops at that point. I have written [illegible] my views \u0026 I recd. a letter from General Lee yesterday which I enclosed to the Secretary of War stating the great difficulty about transportation on that line. I have urged this most important matter upon the War Department \u0026 if you concur with me hope you will urge it also. Would it not be well to have a commissioned Quarter Master at Greenbrier River also.\nI am very respectfully\nM. G. Harman, Major Commanding","P.S. J. Whitmore the wagon master in charge of the train of 15 wagons [turned] over [cars] [illegible] with the trains. \u0026 if you should order it in for corn \u0026 hay he is acquainted with this country.","Confederate States of America\nHead Quarters Forces at Staunton, Va.\nOctober 20th, 1861","Genl. H. R. Jackson\nCommanding on Monterey Line\nGreenbrier River","General- \nYour letter in regard to horses unfit for service is at hand. When I wrote to you in regard to them I understood many horses were turned out as unfit for use. If the number that ought to be changed can be reported to me I will send out horses to take the places of those unfit for service.","On Thursday last I sent 7 loads of corn (4 horse) to Monterey. This morning 4 four horse loads of corn \u0026 Saturday 7 two horse wagons of Capt. Miller's [Battery] with corn \u0026 tomorrow morning I start twenty four horse wagon loads of corn \u0026 10 loads of clothing marked to Maj. J. L. Corley. I write to Capt. P. B. Hoge the Quarter master at Monterey if you desire it \u0026 direct him to do so although the corn is invoiced to Monterey to send it through without unloading to Greenbrier River. Col. Scott who is now in my office says he does not think 20 loads of corn can be stored at Greenbrier River. Please advise Capt. Hoge what you wish done by express.","Yesterday a train of wagons loaded with corn was started from the county of Rockingham to Monterey. It is most important the bags should be returned to us \u0026 for that reason if there is not room to store the corn at the River I wish it stopped at Monterey. I hope you will not think me troublesome in writing to you about these details, but there has been so much mismanagement I think it is best to communicate with you direct until I get all in good order.","There are now 1000 men in the Hospital here and it is too much crowded. Surgeon Boatwright informs me he has 250 men on the road to this place. I have recommended to the Surgeon General to authorize me to contract for the use of the Rockbridge Baths 9 miles from the Central Rail Road \u0026 will accommodate 300, and also to contract for Stribling Springs provided we need them \u0026 I feel confident we will need both in less than 10 days.\nVery Respectfully\nYour Obedient Servant\nM. G. Harman Lt. Colonel, Comdg. \u0026 c.","This collection consists of the Civil War letters (six items) of Lieutenant Colonel Michael G. Harman, written from Staunton, Virginia where he was Quartermaster. The letters were written primarily to General Henry R. Jackson. The correspondence concerns supplies of corn, clothing, horses, and other items, transportation problems, and other Quartermaster Department problems.","Written from Staunton, Virginia. Letter orders Captain Miller to reinforce General Garnett.","Written from Staunton, Virginia. Letter regards sending wagons and teams, a need for corn and clothing needs. The letter also mentions that 100 Union prisoners have been captured.","Written from Staunton, Virginia. Letter regards troop movements of the 52nd Virginia Infantry Regiment, Captain Otey's Company (Bedford County, Virginia), and Captain Morrison's Company (Rockbridge County, Virginia).","Written from Staunton, Virginia. Letter regards the purchase of corn, wagons and teams impressed from local farmers, and transportation problems.","Written from Staunton, Virginia. Letter regards sending teams and organizational problems.","Written from Staunton, Virginia. Letter regards a problem with horses unfit for service, and too many men in the hospital in Staunton.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Harman, Michael G., 1823-1877","Jackson, Henry R.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Michael G. Harman letters, 1861"],"collection_ssim":["Michael G. Harman letters, 1861"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.0397","/repositories/3/resources/610"],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0397","/repositories/3/resources/610"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"geogname_ssm":["Augusta County (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Augusta County (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Augusta County (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Harman, Michael G., 1823-1877"],"creator_ssim":["Harman, Michael G., 1823-1877"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Harman, Michael G., 1823-1877","Jackson, Henry R."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creators_ssim":["Harman, Michael G., 1823-1877","Jackson, Henry R.","Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Infantry Regiment, 52nd","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Confederate States of America. Army—Supplies and stores","Military records","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Confederate States of America. Army—Virginia Infantry Regiment, 52nd","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Confederate States of America. Army—Supplies and stores","Military records","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["6 items"],"extent_tesim":["6 items"],"genreform_ssim":["Military records","Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1861],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMichael G. Harman was born in 1823 in Augusta County, Virginia. Prior to the Civil War he operated a stagecoach line and was the proprietor of a hotel. From April 1861 to  January 1862 he served as Confederate Quartermaster in Staunton, Virginia. On August 19, 1861 he was elected Lieutenant Colonel of the 52nd Virginia Infantry Regiment and served in a dual capacity until resigning his commission as Quartermaster on January 8, 1862. In May 1862 Harman was was elected Colonel of 52nd Virginia, but was wounded and resigned from the Army in June 1863 due to disability. He served served as Quartermaster in Staunton until the end of the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter 1865 Harman continued to operate his stage line, hotel, and other businesses. From 1865 to 1866 he was member of the VMI Board of Visitors. He died in 1877 and is buried in Thornrose Cemetery, Staunton.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Michael G. Harman was born in 1823 in Augusta County, Virginia. Prior to the Civil War he operated a stagecoach line and was the proprietor of a hotel. From April 1861 to  January 1862 he served as Confederate Quartermaster in Staunton, Virginia. On August 19, 1861 he was elected Lieutenant Colonel of the 52nd Virginia Infantry Regiment and served in a dual capacity until resigning his commission as Quartermaster on January 8, 1862. In May 1862 Harman was was elected Colonel of 52nd Virginia, but was wounded and resigned from the Army in June 1863 due to disability. He served served as Quartermaster in Staunton until the end of the Civil War.","After 1865 Harman continued to operate his stage line, hotel, and other businesses. From 1865 to 1866 he was member of the VMI Board of Visitors. He died in 1877 and is buried in Thornrose Cemetery, Staunton."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eStaunton July 14, 1861\u003cbr\u003e\nHeadquarters Virginia Forces\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCapt. Miller, McDowell Volunteers\u003cbr\u003e\nCaptain-\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYou are hereby required to report your command for immediate duty at this post to reinforce Genl. Garnett.  Do not fail to get here tomorrow if possible.  Despatch is of the first iimportance.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVery respectfully,\u003cbr\u003e\nyours \u0026amp; c\u003cbr\u003e\nM. G. Harman\u003cbr\u003e\nMajor Comdg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConfederate States of America\u003cbr\u003e\nHead Quarters Forces at Staunton, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nSept 3d, 1861  \u003cbr\u003e\nGeneral H. R. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nCommanding at Monterey\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeneral-\u003cbr\u003e\nI send out today four (4) horse wagons and two horse wagons \u0026amp; harness, all property which I have directed to be turned over to your command, part of them loaded with corn for Greenbrier River. Do me the favor to write me if it will be necessary to impress additional transportation if I can send you 6 to 8 wagons \u0026amp; teams a[long] belonging to the Confederate States. I desire if you can do so, that you will demit the teams impressed to be returned as fast as I send out state teams to take the place of them. Capt. Hull, Quarter Master at Greenbrier River says his horses are suffering for corn \u0026amp; it cannot be supplied from that county. He also wrote he wanted a large quantity of clothing of various sorts, which I sent to the Quarter Master General. He [answers] me that he has a very small quantity of clothing \u0026amp; that Capt. [Hull] does not make a requisition allowance to support that. It would be well for a regular requisition to be put in for what clothing is required for any portion of your command, as winter is approaching \u0026amp; the [county] you are now in [requiring] comfortable clothing \u0026amp; c. Please tell me \u0026amp; I will get any article that can be had, that is necessary for your command. Maj. Corley [Corly, Corby] being on the other line I must hear from your [company] \u0026amp; [illegible] like to be kept well posted as to your wants.\u003cbr\u003e \nYours very Respectfully. \u003cbr\u003e\nM. G. Harman.\u003cbr\u003e\nMajor Comd.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eP.S. We have 100 Yankee prisoners here taken by Genl. Floyd near Gauley Bridge in the fight with Col. Tyler.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConfederate States of America\u003cbr\u003e\nHead Quarters Forces at Staunton, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nSept. 4th, 1861\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGenl. H. R. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nCommanding at Monterey\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeneral-\u003cbr\u003e\nYour order to Col. Baldwin commanding 52nd Regiment Va. Volunteers was recd \u0026amp; he ahs been pressing to get a portion of the Regiment ready to leave by Friday or Saturday. I write to suggest that if it is not absolutely necessary that a portion of the Regiment should leave here on Friday or Saturday, if you will order the whole Regiment to leave here on Tuesday next. I think I can safely say, you can rely on it that our whole Regiment will be at Monterey on the fourth day after Tuesday next. I think it very desirable all should move together. Please answer by return express. Capt. Otey's Company from Bedford Co. is here. A very fine Co. Number 127 men. Waiting here for 4 pieces of artillery \u0026amp; Major Gorgas informs me he cannot get them for three weeks. Would it not be well to have him join you with his Company armed with muskets \u0026amp; his artillery could follow him. Capt. Morrison's Co. is also here from Rockbridge --it can be ready in a few days. The arms for a portion of our Regiment will reach here on Monday from Richmond.\u003cbr\u003e\nYours very Respectfully\u003cbr\u003e\nM. G. Harman\u003cbr\u003e\nMajor, Comdg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConfederate States of America\u003cbr\u003e\nHead Quarters Forces\u003cbr\u003e\nStaunton\u003cbr\u003e\nSeptember 17, 1861\u003cbr\u003e\nGeneral H. R. Jackson, Commanding Greenbrier River\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeneral,\u003cbr\u003e\nI have purchased some 8000 bushels of corn, knowing your want am sending it forward rapidly, together with company supplies of all sorts. Major Corly [Corby] the quarter Master for the north west being stationed off your line at Hardy [V_] the business in that Department from some cause is badly arranged on the Monterey line, for instance I have sent out thousands of bags with grain \u0026amp; c \u0026amp; not one has ever been returned for supplies. I have again been compelled to commence the impressments of wagons \u0026amp; pledge the farmers that their teams shall only be kept one trip. My object in writing to you direct, is to ask the favor of you to direct the return of all the bags \u0026amp; also all the wagons \u0026amp; teams that can be spared. I will return them immediately with corn \u0026amp; oats for the horses, which you so much need. Col. J. B. Baldwin also wishes grain \u0026amp; c. sent to the Petersburg Line. With your aid I trust I will be able to keep both lines well supplied, but it is a matter of utmost importance that there should be a prompt return of any spare wagon, empty bags \u0026amp; c \u0026amp; c. Teams are of little use when feed cannot be supplied. With great consideration and respect I am, \u003cbr\u003e\nYour Obt. Servt., M. G. Harman. Major Comdg \u0026amp; c.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI have almost exhausted this country in the way of horses \u0026amp; wagons \u0026amp; purchased nearly all that was for sale \u0026amp; impressing the farmer's teams for one trip only. You will do me the favor to see that my promises are complied with \u0026amp; not kept but one trip as this will enable me to make all our people do their part of the transportation. I am very sorry General to trouble your with these matters, but I am unable to manage the transportation without your assistance. I sent out yesterday 25 wagons \u0026amp; today 26 wagons loaded with corn and company supplies\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConfederate States of America\u003cbr\u003e\nHead Quarters Forces at Staunton, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nOctober 10, 1861\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGenl. H. R. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nCommanding on Monterey Line\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeneral-\u003cbr\u003e\nYour letter by yesterday's express came to hand, \u0026amp; I have ordered \u0026amp; designated 13 four horse wagons \u0026amp; teams \u0026amp; two (two) horse teams \u0026amp; wagons to be turned over to do the transportation from Monterey to Greenbrier River. Would it not be well to take only 10 of these teams for the present until a good stock of grain \u0026amp; hay can be gotten out, or whenever you can spare the train let the whole train come in for a load of grain \u0026amp; hay.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYou may depend upon it General that the Quarter Masters Department in the North West never can be managed with system \u0026amp; regularity until first rate business \u0026amp; experienced men are commissioned \u0026amp; placed at the important points on the line, \u0026amp; when commissioning they give security. Money can be drawn by them \u0026amp; many supplies purchased. Whereas when men are only occupying the place of assistants they are powerless \u0026amp; they probably never see their principal once in two months. Unless this Department is thoroughly organized on the different lines the Army must suffer greatly in the coming winter. You can judge of it by what your division has already suffered. I know you have enough to do without attending to these details.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI expect to join my regiment in 8 or 10 days \u0026amp; hope to get the Department in working order in your line before I left. I hope you will write a letter to the Secretary of War on the subject. I have placed Capt. Funkhouser on the road in charge of the Pony Express line \u0026amp; Capt Mason in charge of the repairs to the road, and a good business man is needed in the Quarter Masters Dept at Monterey whose duty should be to purchase all the supplies of forage \u0026amp; c \u0026amp; also see to the proper management of the wagons, horses \u0026amp; c, and also to have repair shops, blacksmith \u0026amp; wood shops at that point. I have written [illegible] my views \u0026amp; I recd. a letter from General Lee yesterday which I enclosed to the Secretary of War stating the great difficulty about transportation on that line. I have urged this most important matter upon the War Department \u0026amp; if you concur with me hope you will urge it also. Would it not be well to have a commissioned Quarter Master at Greenbrier River also.\u003cbr\u003e\nI am very respectfully\u003cbr\u003e\nM. G. Harman, Major Commanding\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eP.S. J. Whitmore the wagon master in charge of the train of 15 wagons [turned] over [cars] [illegible] with the trains. \u0026amp; if you should order it in for corn \u0026amp; hay he is acquainted with this country.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConfederate States of America\u003cbr\u003e\nHead Quarters Forces at Staunton, Va.\u003cbr\u003e\nOctober 20th, 1861\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGenl. H. R. Jackson\u003cbr\u003e\nCommanding on Monterey Line\u003cbr\u003e\nGreenbrier River\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeneral- \nYour letter in regard to horses unfit for service is at hand. When I wrote to you in regard to them I understood many horses were turned out as unfit for use. If the number that ought to be changed can be reported to me I will send out horses to take the places of those unfit for service.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn Thursday last I sent 7 loads of corn (4 horse) to Monterey. This morning 4 four horse loads of corn \u0026amp; Saturday 7 two horse wagons of Capt. Miller's [Battery] with corn \u0026amp; tomorrow morning I start twenty four horse wagon loads of corn \u0026amp; 10 loads of clothing marked to Maj. J. L. Corley. I write to Capt. P. B. Hoge the Quarter master at Monterey if you desire it \u0026amp; direct him to do so although the corn is invoiced to Monterey to send it through without unloading to Greenbrier River. Col. Scott who is now in my office says he does not think 20 loads of corn can be stored at Greenbrier River. Please advise Capt. Hoge what you wish done by express.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYesterday a train of wagons loaded with corn was started from the county of Rockingham to Monterey. It is most important the bags should be returned to us \u0026amp; for that reason if there is not room to store the corn at the River I wish it stopped at Monterey. I hope you will not think me troublesome in writing to you about these details, but there has been so much mismanagement I think it is best to communicate with you direct until I get all in good order.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are now 1000 men in the Hospital here and it is too much crowded. Surgeon Boatwright informs me he has 250 men on the road to this place. I have recommended to the Surgeon General to authorize me to contract for the use of the Rockbridge Baths 9 miles from the Central Rail Road \u0026amp; will accommodate 300, and also to contract for Stribling Springs provided we need them \u0026amp; I feel confident we will need both in less than 10 days.\u003cbr\u003e\nVery Respectfully\u003cbr\u003e\nYour Obedient Servant\u003cbr\u003e\nM. G. Harman Lt. Colonel, Comdg. \u0026amp; c.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription","Transcription"],"odd_tesim":["Staunton July 14, 1861\nHeadquarters Virginia Forces","Capt. Miller, McDowell Volunteers\nCaptain-","You are hereby required to report your command for immediate duty at this post to reinforce Genl. Garnett.  Do not fail to get here tomorrow if possible.  Despatch is of the first iimportance.","Very respectfully,\nyours \u0026 c\nM. G. Harman\nMajor Comdg.","Confederate States of America\nHead Quarters Forces at Staunton, Va.\nSept 3d, 1861  \nGeneral H. R. Jackson\nCommanding at Monterey","General-\nI send out today four (4) horse wagons and two horse wagons \u0026 harness, all property which I have directed to be turned over to your command, part of them loaded with corn for Greenbrier River. Do me the favor to write me if it will be necessary to impress additional transportation if I can send you 6 to 8 wagons \u0026 teams a[long] belonging to the Confederate States. I desire if you can do so, that you will demit the teams impressed to be returned as fast as I send out state teams to take the place of them. Capt. Hull, Quarter Master at Greenbrier River says his horses are suffering for corn \u0026 it cannot be supplied from that county. He also wrote he wanted a large quantity of clothing of various sorts, which I sent to the Quarter Master General. He [answers] me that he has a very small quantity of clothing \u0026 that Capt. [Hull] does not make a requisition allowance to support that. It would be well for a regular requisition to be put in for what clothing is required for any portion of your command, as winter is approaching \u0026 the [county] you are now in [requiring] comfortable clothing \u0026 c. Please tell me \u0026 I will get any article that can be had, that is necessary for your command. Maj. Corley [Corly, Corby] being on the other line I must hear from your [company] \u0026 [illegible] like to be kept well posted as to your wants. \nYours very Respectfully. \nM. G. Harman.\nMajor Comd.","P.S. We have 100 Yankee prisoners here taken by Genl. Floyd near Gauley Bridge in the fight with Col. Tyler.","Confederate States of America\nHead Quarters Forces at Staunton, Va.\nSept. 4th, 1861","Genl. H. R. Jackson\nCommanding at Monterey","General-\nYour order to Col. Baldwin commanding 52nd Regiment Va. Volunteers was recd \u0026 he ahs been pressing to get a portion of the Regiment ready to leave by Friday or Saturday. I write to suggest that if it is not absolutely necessary that a portion of the Regiment should leave here on Friday or Saturday, if you will order the whole Regiment to leave here on Tuesday next. I think I can safely say, you can rely on it that our whole Regiment will be at Monterey on the fourth day after Tuesday next. I think it very desirable all should move together. Please answer by return express. Capt. Otey's Company from Bedford Co. is here. A very fine Co. Number 127 men. Waiting here for 4 pieces of artillery \u0026 Major Gorgas informs me he cannot get them for three weeks. Would it not be well to have him join you with his Company armed with muskets \u0026 his artillery could follow him. Capt. Morrison's Co. is also here from Rockbridge --it can be ready in a few days. The arms for a portion of our Regiment will reach here on Monday from Richmond.\nYours very Respectfully\nM. G. Harman\nMajor, Comdg.","Confederate States of America\nHead Quarters Forces\nStaunton\nSeptember 17, 1861\nGeneral H. R. Jackson, Commanding Greenbrier River","General,\nI have purchased some 8000 bushels of corn, knowing your want am sending it forward rapidly, together with company supplies of all sorts. Major Corly [Corby] the quarter Master for the north west being stationed off your line at Hardy [V_] the business in that Department from some cause is badly arranged on the Monterey line, for instance I have sent out thousands of bags with grain \u0026 c \u0026 not one has ever been returned for supplies. I have again been compelled to commence the impressments of wagons \u0026 pledge the farmers that their teams shall only be kept one trip. My object in writing to you direct, is to ask the favor of you to direct the return of all the bags \u0026 also all the wagons \u0026 teams that can be spared. I will return them immediately with corn \u0026 oats for the horses, which you so much need. Col. J. B. Baldwin also wishes grain \u0026 c. sent to the Petersburg Line. With your aid I trust I will be able to keep both lines well supplied, but it is a matter of utmost importance that there should be a prompt return of any spare wagon, empty bags \u0026 c \u0026 c. Teams are of little use when feed cannot be supplied. With great consideration and respect I am, \nYour Obt. Servt., M. G. Harman. Major Comdg \u0026 c.","I have almost exhausted this country in the way of horses \u0026 wagons \u0026 purchased nearly all that was for sale \u0026 impressing the farmer's teams for one trip only. You will do me the favor to see that my promises are complied with \u0026 not kept but one trip as this will enable me to make all our people do their part of the transportation. I am very sorry General to trouble your with these matters, but I am unable to manage the transportation without your assistance. I sent out yesterday 25 wagons \u0026 today 26 wagons loaded with corn and company supplies","Confederate States of America\nHead Quarters Forces at Staunton, Va.\nOctober 10, 1861","Genl. H. R. Jackson\nCommanding on Monterey Line","General-\nYour letter by yesterday's express came to hand, \u0026 I have ordered \u0026 designated 13 four horse wagons \u0026 teams \u0026 two (two) horse teams \u0026 wagons to be turned over to do the transportation from Monterey to Greenbrier River. Would it not be well to take only 10 of these teams for the present until a good stock of grain \u0026 hay can be gotten out, or whenever you can spare the train let the whole train come in for a load of grain \u0026 hay.","You may depend upon it General that the Quarter Masters Department in the North West never can be managed with system \u0026 regularity until first rate business \u0026 experienced men are commissioned \u0026 placed at the important points on the line, \u0026 when commissioning they give security. Money can be drawn by them \u0026 many supplies purchased. Whereas when men are only occupying the place of assistants they are powerless \u0026 they probably never see their principal once in two months. Unless this Department is thoroughly organized on the different lines the Army must suffer greatly in the coming winter. You can judge of it by what your division has already suffered. I know you have enough to do without attending to these details.","I expect to join my regiment in 8 or 10 days \u0026 hope to get the Department in working order in your line before I left. I hope you will write a letter to the Secretary of War on the subject. I have placed Capt. Funkhouser on the road in charge of the Pony Express line \u0026 Capt Mason in charge of the repairs to the road, and a good business man is needed in the Quarter Masters Dept at Monterey whose duty should be to purchase all the supplies of forage \u0026 c \u0026 also see to the proper management of the wagons, horses \u0026 c, and also to have repair shops, blacksmith \u0026 wood shops at that point. I have written [illegible] my views \u0026 I recd. a letter from General Lee yesterday which I enclosed to the Secretary of War stating the great difficulty about transportation on that line. I have urged this most important matter upon the War Department \u0026 if you concur with me hope you will urge it also. Would it not be well to have a commissioned Quarter Master at Greenbrier River also.\nI am very respectfully\nM. G. Harman, Major Commanding","P.S. J. Whitmore the wagon master in charge of the train of 15 wagons [turned] over [cars] [illegible] with the trains. \u0026 if you should order it in for corn \u0026 hay he is acquainted with this country.","Confederate States of America\nHead Quarters Forces at Staunton, Va.\nOctober 20th, 1861","Genl. H. R. Jackson\nCommanding on Monterey Line\nGreenbrier River","General- \nYour letter in regard to horses unfit for service is at hand. When I wrote to you in regard to them I understood many horses were turned out as unfit for use. If the number that ought to be changed can be reported to me I will send out horses to take the places of those unfit for service.","On Thursday last I sent 7 loads of corn (4 horse) to Monterey. This morning 4 four horse loads of corn \u0026 Saturday 7 two horse wagons of Capt. Miller's [Battery] with corn \u0026 tomorrow morning I start twenty four horse wagon loads of corn \u0026 10 loads of clothing marked to Maj. J. L. Corley. I write to Capt. P. B. Hoge the Quarter master at Monterey if you desire it \u0026 direct him to do so although the corn is invoiced to Monterey to send it through without unloading to Greenbrier River. Col. Scott who is now in my office says he does not think 20 loads of corn can be stored at Greenbrier River. Please advise Capt. Hoge what you wish done by express.","Yesterday a train of wagons loaded with corn was started from the county of Rockingham to Monterey. It is most important the bags should be returned to us \u0026 for that reason if there is not room to store the corn at the River I wish it stopped at Monterey. I hope you will not think me troublesome in writing to you about these details, but there has been so much mismanagement I think it is best to communicate with you direct until I get all in good order.","There are now 1000 men in the Hospital here and it is too much crowded. Surgeon Boatwright informs me he has 250 men on the road to this place. I have recommended to the Surgeon General to authorize me to contract for the use of the Rockbridge Baths 9 miles from the Central Rail Road \u0026 will accommodate 300, and also to contract for Stribling Springs provided we need them \u0026 I feel confident we will need both in less than 10 days.\nVery Respectfully\nYour Obedient Servant\nM. G. Harman Lt. Colonel, Comdg. \u0026 c."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMichael G. Harman letters, 1861. MS 0397. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Michael G. Harman letters, 1861. MS 0397. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of the Civil War letters (six items) of Lieutenant Colonel Michael G. Harman, written from Staunton, Virginia where he was Quartermaster. The letters were written primarily to General Henry R. Jackson. The correspondence concerns supplies of corn, clothing, horses, and other items, transportation problems, and other Quartermaster Department problems.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Staunton, Virginia. Letter orders Captain Miller to reinforce General Garnett.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Staunton, Virginia. Letter regards sending wagons and teams, a need for corn and clothing needs. The letter also mentions that 100 Union prisoners have been captured.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Staunton, Virginia. Letter regards troop movements of the 52nd Virginia Infantry Regiment, Captain Otey's Company (Bedford County, Virginia), and Captain Morrison's Company (Rockbridge County, Virginia).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Staunton, Virginia. Letter regards the purchase of corn, wagons and teams impressed from local farmers, and transportation problems.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Staunton, Virginia. Letter regards sending teams and organizational problems.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Staunton, Virginia. Letter regards a problem with horses unfit for service, and too many men in the hospital in Staunton.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of the Civil War letters (six items) of Lieutenant Colonel Michael G. Harman, written from Staunton, Virginia where he was Quartermaster. The letters were written primarily to General Henry R. Jackson. The correspondence concerns supplies of corn, clothing, horses, and other items, transportation problems, and other Quartermaster Department problems.","Written from Staunton, Virginia. Letter orders Captain Miller to reinforce General Garnett.","Written from Staunton, Virginia. Letter regards sending wagons and teams, a need for corn and clothing needs. The letter also mentions that 100 Union prisoners have been captured.","Written from Staunton, Virginia. Letter regards troop movements of the 52nd Virginia Infantry Regiment, Captain Otey's Company (Bedford County, Virginia), and Captain Morrison's Company (Rockbridge County, Virginia).","Written from Staunton, Virginia. Letter regards the purchase of corn, wagons and teams impressed from local farmers, and transportation problems.","Written from Staunton, Virginia. Letter regards sending teams and organizational problems.","Written from Staunton, Virginia. Letter regards a problem with horses unfit for service, and too many men in the hospital in Staunton."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_a6ff59417c345852e5c5ed224cf07fb9\"\u003eManuscripts stacks\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Harman, Michael G., 1823-1877","Jackson, Henry R."],"names_coll_ssim":["Jackson, Henry R."],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Harman, Michael G., 1823-1877","Jackson, Henry R."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":6,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:59:54.976Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_610"}},{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_608","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Napoleon B. Brisbine Civil War letters, 1864","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_608#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Brisbine, Napoleon B.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_608#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of two Civil War letters written by Napoleon B. Brisbine to his brother and sister. The items are dated September 16 and 24, 1864. In the first letter, Brisbine describes being held prisoner in Winchester, Virginia, where he was captured while caring for Union wounded. In the second letter, he describes the recapture of Winchester by Union troops and the Confederate retreat.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_608#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_608","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_608","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_608","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_608","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_608.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vmi/vilxv00023.xml","title_ssm":["Napoleon B. Brisbine Civil War letters"],"title_tesim":["Napoleon B. Brisbine Civil War letters"],"unitdate_ssm":["1864"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1864"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1864"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Napoleon B. Brisbine Civil War letters, 1864"],"text":["Napoleon B. Brisbine Civil War letters, 1864","MS.0391","/repositories/3/resources/608","Winchester (Va.)—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","United States. Army—Ohio Cavalry Regiment, 2nd (1861-1865)","Shenandoah Valley Campaign, 1864 (August-November)—Personal narratives","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Medical care","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Prisoners and prisons","Correspondence","There are no restrictions.","Napoleon B. Brisbine was a Surgeon serving with the 2nd Ohio Cavalry Regiment. This unit was engaged in the fighting at Winchester, Virginia in August 1864, serving as a rear guard while the rest of the army retreated toward Harper's Ferry, West Virginia.","Winchester, Virginia\nSeptember 16th, 1864","Dear Brother \u0026 Sister-\nThe fates are again against me and I am once more a prisoner in this place. On our retreat down the valley it fell to the lot of someone to stay with our wounded at this place and that unfortunate one was your humble servant N.B.B. I had gone on through the place some eight miles and received orders to go back immediately. I started with my boy and had just time to get here and send him back when the rebels came in and I was a prisoner. I have been here near five weeks, and have been living in high hopes that our troops would occupy the place and let me at liberty. But, all in vain.","Hope deferred maketh the heart sick, the poet says. But I keep a stiff upper lip and don't trouble my heart about it. It they don't send me to Richmond I'll forgive them.","I have about thirty wounded on my hands yet. But they will soon be able for transportation and then I must make tracks one way or the other. I have no clothes but a common Privates suit and not a change of those. But I live fine, get plenty to eat from the citizens and am without exaggerating well fixed for a prisoner. I have heard since here by one of our own boys that my horses are safe and I believe my things. I don't suppose you could write and in fact it is very doubtful whether you get this yet or not. But I will risk it. I dare not write any news, but send this by a lady. Hoping you will receive it and don't fret for your Brother. N. B. Brisbine.","[at top, postscript from end of letter]\nWrite to uncle William and tell him where I am. My regards to all. I hope I shall be able to write without trouble soon.","Winchester, Virginia\nSeptember 24, 1864","Dear Brother and Sister-\nI sat down two or three days ago to write this to you but some circumstance occurred to stop me and I did not write. But will finish it today and send it post haste.","I was a prisoner five weeks to the day our troops recaptured me at this place, and during the time had no chance of letting you know of my whereabouts. So you see I was not to blame this time. I wrote one letter to you and sent by a citizen who said he would get if through for me.","Last Monday morning I was awakened by the heavy booming of artillery and upon inquiring the cause, was informed that the Yanks were only about two or three miles from town and had made a demonstration at day light. I judged by the time and the length of the firing that we were to have a general engagement that day and oh, how I prayed for success to our arms, for I knew what a formidable antagonist they would have to cope with, and well I knew that day would bring the hardest fighting ever done in the valley. All day the cannon bellowed and once in a while a breeze would bring the faint report of firearms, rifles, muskets, and carbines. But along in the afternoon, the small arms became quite plain and at length cheers could be heard, and a shell would come over me from the Yankee Battery.","Then commenced one of the greatest panic retreats I ever saw without any exception, and the horses, mules \u0026 men all went along with their tails up (excuse the last remark, the latter's tails were down). The old 8th Corps done wonders in that day and redeemed itself from all other stains. While the rebels were retreating through town a shell from one of our Batteries came through our Hospital, going over two beds and striking the third one smashing it to splinters, tearing the straw out of the mattress and disappeared through the other side of the house, not hurting a man. The bed was occupied by a man with a fractured thigh but was not hurt. Sheridan is a trump, and is just whipping them as they go.","I am not on duty at present. Have been sick but am now quite well again. We had about thirty five hundred wounded here including Rebs. We captured nearly all their wounded. I stayed on duty as long as I could but had to give up. Was sick when the fight came off. Would like to go home but no chance, every thing is busy. Captured about four thousand seven hundred prisoners here, and since captured some seventeen hundred. About eleven hundred dead on the field of both sides. Up to this time have taken thirty one pieces of artillery with numbers of wagons \u0026 horse. Cannot tell how long will stay here. Write soon to your brother.\nN. B. Brisbine.","This collection consists of two Civil War letters written by Napoleon B. Brisbine to his brother and sister. The items are dated September 16 and 24, 1864. In the first letter, Brisbine describes being held prisoner in Winchester, Virginia, where he was captured while caring for Union wounded. In the second letter, he describes the recapture of Winchester by Union troops and the Confederate retreat.","Written from Winchester, Virginia. Letter describes being held prisoner in Winchester, where Napoleon B. Brisbine was captured while caring for Union wounded.","Written from Winchester, Virginia. Letter describes the recapture of Winchester by Union troops and the Confederate retreat.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Brisbine, Napoleon B.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Napoleon B. Brisbine Civil War letters, 1864"],"collection_ssim":["Napoleon B. Brisbine Civil War letters, 1864"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.0391","/repositories/3/resources/608"],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0391","/repositories/3/resources/608"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Brisbine, Napoleon B."],"creator_ssim":["Brisbine, Napoleon B."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Brisbine, Napoleon B."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creators_ssim":["Brisbine, Napoleon B.","Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Winchester (Va.)—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","United States. Army—Ohio Cavalry Regiment, 2nd (1861-1865)","Shenandoah Valley Campaign, 1864 (August-November)—Personal narratives","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Medical care","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Prisoners and prisons","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Winchester (Va.)—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","United States. Army—Ohio Cavalry Regiment, 2nd (1861-1865)","Shenandoah Valley Campaign, 1864 (August-November)—Personal narratives","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Medical care","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Prisoners and prisons","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2 items"],"extent_tesim":["2 items"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1864],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNapoleon B. Brisbine was a Surgeon serving with the 2nd Ohio Cavalry Regiment. This unit was engaged in the fighting at Winchester, Virginia in August 1864, serving as a rear guard while the rest of the army retreated toward Harper's Ferry, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Napoleon B. Brisbine was a Surgeon serving with the 2nd Ohio Cavalry Regiment. This unit was engaged in the fighting at Winchester, Virginia in August 1864, serving as a rear guard while the rest of the army retreated toward Harper's Ferry, West Virginia."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWinchester, Virginia\u003cbr\u003e\nSeptember 16th, 1864\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDear Brother \u0026amp; Sister-\u003cbr\u003e\nThe fates are again against me and I am once more a prisoner in this place. On our retreat down the valley it fell to the lot of someone to stay with our wounded at this place and that unfortunate one was your humble servant N.B.B. I had gone on through the place some eight miles and received orders to go back immediately. I started with my boy and had just time to get here and send him back when the rebels came in and I was a prisoner. I have been here near five weeks, and have been living in high hopes that our troops would occupy the place and let me at liberty. But, all in vain. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHope deferred maketh the heart sick, the poet says. But I keep a stiff upper lip and don't trouble my heart about it. It they don't send me to Richmond I'll forgive them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI have about thirty wounded on my hands yet. But they will soon be able for transportation and then I must make tracks one way or the other. I have no clothes but a common Privates suit and not a change of those. But I live fine, get plenty to eat from the citizens and am without exaggerating well fixed for a prisoner. I have heard since here by one of our own boys that my horses are safe and I believe my things. I don't suppose you could write and in fact it is very doubtful whether you get this yet or not. But I will risk it. I dare not write any news, but send this by a lady. Hoping you will receive it and don't fret for your Brother. N. B. Brisbine.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[at top, postscript from end of letter]\u003cbr\u003e\nWrite to uncle William and tell him where I am. My regards to all. I hope I shall be able to write without trouble soon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWinchester, Virginia\u003cbr\u003e\nSeptember 24, 1864\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDear Brother and Sister-\u003cbr\u003e\nI sat down two or three days ago to write this to you but some circumstance occurred to stop me and I did not write. But will finish it today and send it post haste.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI was a prisoner five weeks to the day our troops recaptured me at this place, and during the time had no chance of letting you know of my whereabouts. So you see I was not to blame this time. I wrote one letter to you and sent by a citizen who said he would get if through for me.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLast Monday morning I was awakened by the heavy booming of artillery and upon inquiring the cause, was informed that the Yanks were only about two or three miles from town and had made a demonstration at day light. I judged by the time and the length of the firing that we were to have a general engagement that day and oh, how I prayed for success to our arms, for I knew what a formidable antagonist they would have to cope with, and well I knew that day would bring the hardest fighting ever done in the valley. All day the cannon bellowed and once in a while a breeze would bring the faint report of firearms, rifles, muskets, and carbines. But along in the afternoon, the small arms became quite plain and at length cheers could be heard, and a shell would come over me from the Yankee Battery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThen commenced one of the greatest panic retreats I ever saw without any exception, and the horses, mules \u0026amp; men all went along with their tails up (excuse the last remark, the latter's tails were down). The old 8th Corps done wonders in that day and redeemed itself from all other stains. While the rebels were retreating through town a shell from one of our Batteries came through our Hospital, going over two beds and striking the third one smashing it to splinters, tearing the straw out of the mattress and disappeared through the other side of the house, not hurting a man. The bed was occupied by a man with a fractured thigh but was not hurt. Sheridan is a trump, and is just whipping them as they go.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI am not on duty at present. Have been sick but am now quite well again. We had about thirty five hundred wounded here including Rebs. We captured nearly all their wounded. I stayed on duty as long as I could but had to give up. Was sick when the fight came off. Would like to go home but no chance, every thing is busy. Captured about four thousand seven hundred prisoners here, and since captured some seventeen hundred. About eleven hundred dead on the field of both sides. Up to this time have taken thirty one pieces of artillery with numbers of wagons \u0026amp; horse. Cannot tell how long will stay here. Write soon to your brother.\u003cbr\u003e\nN. B. Brisbine.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Transcription","Transcription"],"odd_tesim":["Winchester, Virginia\nSeptember 16th, 1864","Dear Brother \u0026 Sister-\nThe fates are again against me and I am once more a prisoner in this place. On our retreat down the valley it fell to the lot of someone to stay with our wounded at this place and that unfortunate one was your humble servant N.B.B. I had gone on through the place some eight miles and received orders to go back immediately. I started with my boy and had just time to get here and send him back when the rebels came in and I was a prisoner. I have been here near five weeks, and have been living in high hopes that our troops would occupy the place and let me at liberty. But, all in vain.","Hope deferred maketh the heart sick, the poet says. But I keep a stiff upper lip and don't trouble my heart about it. It they don't send me to Richmond I'll forgive them.","I have about thirty wounded on my hands yet. But they will soon be able for transportation and then I must make tracks one way or the other. I have no clothes but a common Privates suit and not a change of those. But I live fine, get plenty to eat from the citizens and am without exaggerating well fixed for a prisoner. I have heard since here by one of our own boys that my horses are safe and I believe my things. I don't suppose you could write and in fact it is very doubtful whether you get this yet or not. But I will risk it. I dare not write any news, but send this by a lady. Hoping you will receive it and don't fret for your Brother. N. B. Brisbine.","[at top, postscript from end of letter]\nWrite to uncle William and tell him where I am. My regards to all. I hope I shall be able to write without trouble soon.","Winchester, Virginia\nSeptember 24, 1864","Dear Brother and Sister-\nI sat down two or three days ago to write this to you but some circumstance occurred to stop me and I did not write. But will finish it today and send it post haste.","I was a prisoner five weeks to the day our troops recaptured me at this place, and during the time had no chance of letting you know of my whereabouts. So you see I was not to blame this time. I wrote one letter to you and sent by a citizen who said he would get if through for me.","Last Monday morning I was awakened by the heavy booming of artillery and upon inquiring the cause, was informed that the Yanks were only about two or three miles from town and had made a demonstration at day light. I judged by the time and the length of the firing that we were to have a general engagement that day and oh, how I prayed for success to our arms, for I knew what a formidable antagonist they would have to cope with, and well I knew that day would bring the hardest fighting ever done in the valley. All day the cannon bellowed and once in a while a breeze would bring the faint report of firearms, rifles, muskets, and carbines. But along in the afternoon, the small arms became quite plain and at length cheers could be heard, and a shell would come over me from the Yankee Battery.","Then commenced one of the greatest panic retreats I ever saw without any exception, and the horses, mules \u0026 men all went along with their tails up (excuse the last remark, the latter's tails were down). The old 8th Corps done wonders in that day and redeemed itself from all other stains. While the rebels were retreating through town a shell from one of our Batteries came through our Hospital, going over two beds and striking the third one smashing it to splinters, tearing the straw out of the mattress and disappeared through the other side of the house, not hurting a man. The bed was occupied by a man with a fractured thigh but was not hurt. Sheridan is a trump, and is just whipping them as they go.","I am not on duty at present. Have been sick but am now quite well again. We had about thirty five hundred wounded here including Rebs. We captured nearly all their wounded. I stayed on duty as long as I could but had to give up. Was sick when the fight came off. Would like to go home but no chance, every thing is busy. Captured about four thousand seven hundred prisoners here, and since captured some seventeen hundred. About eleven hundred dead on the field of both sides. Up to this time have taken thirty one pieces of artillery with numbers of wagons \u0026 horse. Cannot tell how long will stay here. Write soon to your brother.\nN. B. Brisbine."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNapoleon B. Brisbine Civil War letters, 1864. MS 0391. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Napoleon B. Brisbine Civil War letters, 1864. MS 0391. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of two Civil War letters written by Napoleon B. Brisbine to his brother and sister. The items are dated September 16 and 24, 1864. In the first letter, Brisbine describes being held prisoner in Winchester, Virginia, where he was captured while caring for Union wounded. In the second letter, he describes the recapture of Winchester by Union troops and the Confederate retreat.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Winchester, Virginia. Letter describes being held prisoner in Winchester, where Napoleon B. Brisbine was captured while caring for Union wounded.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Winchester, Virginia. Letter describes the recapture of Winchester by Union troops and the Confederate retreat.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of two Civil War letters written by Napoleon B. Brisbine to his brother and sister. The items are dated September 16 and 24, 1864. In the first letter, Brisbine describes being held prisoner in Winchester, Virginia, where he was captured while caring for Union wounded. In the second letter, he describes the recapture of Winchester by Union troops and the Confederate retreat.","Written from Winchester, Virginia. Letter describes being held prisoner in Winchester, where Napoleon B. Brisbine was captured while caring for Union wounded.","Written from Winchester, Virginia. Letter describes the recapture of Winchester by Union troops and the Confederate retreat."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_205b48e9b148b1608abd47469d3d3cf2\"\u003eManuscripts stacks\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Brisbine, Napoleon B."],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Brisbine, Napoleon B."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:59:54.976Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_608","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_608","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_608","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_608","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_608.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vmi/vilxv00023.xml","title_ssm":["Napoleon B. Brisbine Civil War letters"],"title_tesim":["Napoleon B. Brisbine Civil War letters"],"unitdate_ssm":["1864"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1864"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1864"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Napoleon B. Brisbine Civil War letters, 1864"],"text":["Napoleon B. Brisbine Civil War letters, 1864","MS.0391","/repositories/3/resources/608","Winchester (Va.)—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","United States. Army—Ohio Cavalry Regiment, 2nd (1861-1865)","Shenandoah Valley Campaign, 1864 (August-November)—Personal narratives","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Medical care","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Prisoners and prisons","Correspondence","There are no restrictions.","Napoleon B. Brisbine was a Surgeon serving with the 2nd Ohio Cavalry Regiment. This unit was engaged in the fighting at Winchester, Virginia in August 1864, serving as a rear guard while the rest of the army retreated toward Harper's Ferry, West Virginia.","Winchester, Virginia\nSeptember 16th, 1864","Dear Brother \u0026 Sister-\nThe fates are again against me and I am once more a prisoner in this place. On our retreat down the valley it fell to the lot of someone to stay with our wounded at this place and that unfortunate one was your humble servant N.B.B. I had gone on through the place some eight miles and received orders to go back immediately. I started with my boy and had just time to get here and send him back when the rebels came in and I was a prisoner. I have been here near five weeks, and have been living in high hopes that our troops would occupy the place and let me at liberty. But, all in vain.","Hope deferred maketh the heart sick, the poet says. But I keep a stiff upper lip and don't trouble my heart about it. It they don't send me to Richmond I'll forgive them.","I have about thirty wounded on my hands yet. But they will soon be able for transportation and then I must make tracks one way or the other. I have no clothes but a common Privates suit and not a change of those. But I live fine, get plenty to eat from the citizens and am without exaggerating well fixed for a prisoner. I have heard since here by one of our own boys that my horses are safe and I believe my things. I don't suppose you could write and in fact it is very doubtful whether you get this yet or not. But I will risk it. I dare not write any news, but send this by a lady. Hoping you will receive it and don't fret for your Brother. N. B. Brisbine.","[at top, postscript from end of letter]\nWrite to uncle William and tell him where I am. My regards to all. I hope I shall be able to write without trouble soon.","Winchester, Virginia\nSeptember 24, 1864","Dear Brother and Sister-\nI sat down two or three days ago to write this to you but some circumstance occurred to stop me and I did not write. But will finish it today and send it post haste.","I was a prisoner five weeks to the day our troops recaptured me at this place, and during the time had no chance of letting you know of my whereabouts. So you see I was not to blame this time. I wrote one letter to you and sent by a citizen who said he would get if through for me.","Last Monday morning I was awakened by the heavy booming of artillery and upon inquiring the cause, was informed that the Yanks were only about two or three miles from town and had made a demonstration at day light. I judged by the time and the length of the firing that we were to have a general engagement that day and oh, how I prayed for success to our arms, for I knew what a formidable antagonist they would have to cope with, and well I knew that day would bring the hardest fighting ever done in the valley. All day the cannon bellowed and once in a while a breeze would bring the faint report of firearms, rifles, muskets, and carbines. But along in the afternoon, the small arms became quite plain and at length cheers could be heard, and a shell would come over me from the Yankee Battery.","Then commenced one of the greatest panic retreats I ever saw without any exception, and the horses, mules \u0026 men all went along with their tails up (excuse the last remark, the latter's tails were down). The old 8th Corps done wonders in that day and redeemed itself from all other stains. While the rebels were retreating through town a shell from one of our Batteries came through our Hospital, going over two beds and striking the third one smashing it to splinters, tearing the straw out of the mattress and disappeared through the other side of the house, not hurting a man. The bed was occupied by a man with a fractured thigh but was not hurt. Sheridan is a trump, and is just whipping them as they go.","I am not on duty at present. Have been sick but am now quite well again. We had about thirty five hundred wounded here including Rebs. We captured nearly all their wounded. I stayed on duty as long as I could but had to give up. Was sick when the fight came off. Would like to go home but no chance, every thing is busy. Captured about four thousand seven hundred prisoners here, and since captured some seventeen hundred. About eleven hundred dead on the field of both sides. Up to this time have taken thirty one pieces of artillery with numbers of wagons \u0026 horse. Cannot tell how long will stay here. Write soon to your brother.\nN. B. Brisbine.","This collection consists of two Civil War letters written by Napoleon B. Brisbine to his brother and sister. The items are dated September 16 and 24, 1864. In the first letter, Brisbine describes being held prisoner in Winchester, Virginia, where he was captured while caring for Union wounded. In the second letter, he describes the recapture of Winchester by Union troops and the Confederate retreat.","Written from Winchester, Virginia. Letter describes being held prisoner in Winchester, where Napoleon B. Brisbine was captured while caring for Union wounded.","Written from Winchester, Virginia. Letter describes the recapture of Winchester by Union troops and the Confederate retreat.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Brisbine, Napoleon B.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Napoleon B. Brisbine Civil War letters, 1864"],"collection_ssim":["Napoleon B. 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Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Winchester (Va.)—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","United States. Army—Ohio Cavalry Regiment, 2nd (1861-1865)","Shenandoah Valley Campaign, 1864 (August-November)—Personal narratives","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Medical care","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Prisoners and prisons","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Winchester (Va.)—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","United States. 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This unit was engaged in the fighting at Winchester, Virginia in August 1864, serving as a rear guard while the rest of the army retreated toward Harper's Ferry, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Napoleon B. Brisbine was a Surgeon serving with the 2nd Ohio Cavalry Regiment. This unit was engaged in the fighting at Winchester, Virginia in August 1864, serving as a rear guard while the rest of the army retreated toward Harper's Ferry, West Virginia."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWinchester, Virginia\u003cbr\u003e\nSeptember 16th, 1864\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDear Brother \u0026amp; Sister-\u003cbr\u003e\nThe fates are again against me and I am once more a prisoner in this place. On our retreat down the valley it fell to the lot of someone to stay with our wounded at this place and that unfortunate one was your humble servant N.B.B. I had gone on through the place some eight miles and received orders to go back immediately. I started with my boy and had just time to get here and send him back when the rebels came in and I was a prisoner. I have been here near five weeks, and have been living in high hopes that our troops would occupy the place and let me at liberty. But, all in vain. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHope deferred maketh the heart sick, the poet says. But I keep a stiff upper lip and don't trouble my heart about it. It they don't send me to Richmond I'll forgive them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI have about thirty wounded on my hands yet. But they will soon be able for transportation and then I must make tracks one way or the other. I have no clothes but a common Privates suit and not a change of those. But I live fine, get plenty to eat from the citizens and am without exaggerating well fixed for a prisoner. I have heard since here by one of our own boys that my horses are safe and I believe my things. I don't suppose you could write and in fact it is very doubtful whether you get this yet or not. But I will risk it. I dare not write any news, but send this by a lady. Hoping you will receive it and don't fret for your Brother. N. B. Brisbine.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[at top, postscript from end of letter]\u003cbr\u003e\nWrite to uncle William and tell him where I am. My regards to all. I hope I shall be able to write without trouble soon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWinchester, Virginia\u003cbr\u003e\nSeptember 24, 1864\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDear Brother and Sister-\u003cbr\u003e\nI sat down two or three days ago to write this to you but some circumstance occurred to stop me and I did not write. But will finish it today and send it post haste.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI was a prisoner five weeks to the day our troops recaptured me at this place, and during the time had no chance of letting you know of my whereabouts. So you see I was not to blame this time. I wrote one letter to you and sent by a citizen who said he would get if through for me.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLast Monday morning I was awakened by the heavy booming of artillery and upon inquiring the cause, was informed that the Yanks were only about two or three miles from town and had made a demonstration at day light. I judged by the time and the length of the firing that we were to have a general engagement that day and oh, how I prayed for success to our arms, for I knew what a formidable antagonist they would have to cope with, and well I knew that day would bring the hardest fighting ever done in the valley. All day the cannon bellowed and once in a while a breeze would bring the faint report of firearms, rifles, muskets, and carbines. But along in the afternoon, the small arms became quite plain and at length cheers could be heard, and a shell would come over me from the Yankee Battery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThen commenced one of the greatest panic retreats I ever saw without any exception, and the horses, mules \u0026amp; men all went along with their tails up (excuse the last remark, the latter's tails were down). The old 8th Corps done wonders in that day and redeemed itself from all other stains. While the rebels were retreating through town a shell from one of our Batteries came through our Hospital, going over two beds and striking the third one smashing it to splinters, tearing the straw out of the mattress and disappeared through the other side of the house, not hurting a man. The bed was occupied by a man with a fractured thigh but was not hurt. Sheridan is a trump, and is just whipping them as they go.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI am not on duty at present. Have been sick but am now quite well again. We had about thirty five hundred wounded here including Rebs. We captured nearly all their wounded. I stayed on duty as long as I could but had to give up. Was sick when the fight came off. Would like to go home but no chance, every thing is busy. Captured about four thousand seven hundred prisoners here, and since captured some seventeen hundred. About eleven hundred dead on the field of both sides. Up to this time have taken thirty one pieces of artillery with numbers of wagons \u0026amp; horse. Cannot tell how long will stay here. Write soon to your brother.\u003cbr\u003e\nN. B. Brisbine.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Transcription","Transcription"],"odd_tesim":["Winchester, Virginia\nSeptember 16th, 1864","Dear Brother \u0026 Sister-\nThe fates are again against me and I am once more a prisoner in this place. On our retreat down the valley it fell to the lot of someone to stay with our wounded at this place and that unfortunate one was your humble servant N.B.B. I had gone on through the place some eight miles and received orders to go back immediately. I started with my boy and had just time to get here and send him back when the rebels came in and I was a prisoner. I have been here near five weeks, and have been living in high hopes that our troops would occupy the place and let me at liberty. But, all in vain.","Hope deferred maketh the heart sick, the poet says. But I keep a stiff upper lip and don't trouble my heart about it. It they don't send me to Richmond I'll forgive them.","I have about thirty wounded on my hands yet. But they will soon be able for transportation and then I must make tracks one way or the other. I have no clothes but a common Privates suit and not a change of those. But I live fine, get plenty to eat from the citizens and am without exaggerating well fixed for a prisoner. I have heard since here by one of our own boys that my horses are safe and I believe my things. I don't suppose you could write and in fact it is very doubtful whether you get this yet or not. But I will risk it. I dare not write any news, but send this by a lady. Hoping you will receive it and don't fret for your Brother. N. B. Brisbine.","[at top, postscript from end of letter]\nWrite to uncle William and tell him where I am. My regards to all. I hope I shall be able to write without trouble soon.","Winchester, Virginia\nSeptember 24, 1864","Dear Brother and Sister-\nI sat down two or three days ago to write this to you but some circumstance occurred to stop me and I did not write. But will finish it today and send it post haste.","I was a prisoner five weeks to the day our troops recaptured me at this place, and during the time had no chance of letting you know of my whereabouts. So you see I was not to blame this time. I wrote one letter to you and sent by a citizen who said he would get if through for me.","Last Monday morning I was awakened by the heavy booming of artillery and upon inquiring the cause, was informed that the Yanks were only about two or three miles from town and had made a demonstration at day light. I judged by the time and the length of the firing that we were to have a general engagement that day and oh, how I prayed for success to our arms, for I knew what a formidable antagonist they would have to cope with, and well I knew that day would bring the hardest fighting ever done in the valley. All day the cannon bellowed and once in a while a breeze would bring the faint report of firearms, rifles, muskets, and carbines. But along in the afternoon, the small arms became quite plain and at length cheers could be heard, and a shell would come over me from the Yankee Battery.","Then commenced one of the greatest panic retreats I ever saw without any exception, and the horses, mules \u0026 men all went along with their tails up (excuse the last remark, the latter's tails were down). The old 8th Corps done wonders in that day and redeemed itself from all other stains. While the rebels were retreating through town a shell from one of our Batteries came through our Hospital, going over two beds and striking the third one smashing it to splinters, tearing the straw out of the mattress and disappeared through the other side of the house, not hurting a man. The bed was occupied by a man with a fractured thigh but was not hurt. Sheridan is a trump, and is just whipping them as they go.","I am not on duty at present. Have been sick but am now quite well again. We had about thirty five hundred wounded here including Rebs. We captured nearly all their wounded. I stayed on duty as long as I could but had to give up. Was sick when the fight came off. Would like to go home but no chance, every thing is busy. Captured about four thousand seven hundred prisoners here, and since captured some seventeen hundred. About eleven hundred dead on the field of both sides. Up to this time have taken thirty one pieces of artillery with numbers of wagons \u0026 horse. Cannot tell how long will stay here. Write soon to your brother.\nN. B. Brisbine."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNapoleon B. Brisbine Civil War letters, 1864. MS 0391. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Napoleon B. Brisbine Civil War letters, 1864. MS 0391. VMI Archives, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of two Civil War letters written by Napoleon B. Brisbine to his brother and sister. The items are dated September 16 and 24, 1864. In the first letter, Brisbine describes being held prisoner in Winchester, Virginia, where he was captured while caring for Union wounded. In the second letter, he describes the recapture of Winchester by Union troops and the Confederate retreat.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Winchester, Virginia. Letter describes being held prisoner in Winchester, where Napoleon B. Brisbine was captured while caring for Union wounded.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Winchester, Virginia. Letter describes the recapture of Winchester by Union troops and the Confederate retreat.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of two Civil War letters written by Napoleon B. Brisbine to his brother and sister. The items are dated September 16 and 24, 1864. In the first letter, Brisbine describes being held prisoner in Winchester, Virginia, where he was captured while caring for Union wounded. In the second letter, he describes the recapture of Winchester by Union troops and the Confederate retreat.","Written from Winchester, Virginia. Letter describes being held prisoner in Winchester, where Napoleon B. Brisbine was captured while caring for Union wounded.","Written from Winchester, Virginia. Letter describes the recapture of Winchester by Union troops and the Confederate retreat."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_205b48e9b148b1608abd47469d3d3cf2\"\u003eManuscripts stacks\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Brisbine, Napoleon B."],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Brisbine, Napoleon B."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:59:54.976Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_608"}},{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_601_c05","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Note to William N. Pendleton, 1863","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_601_c05#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eNote announces the death of Stonewall Jackson.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_601_c05#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_601_c05","ref_ssm":["vilxv_repositories_3_resources_601_c05"],"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_601_c05","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_601","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_601","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_601","parent_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_601","parent_ssim":["Alexander S. Pendleton papers, 1862/1863"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vilxv_repositories_3_resources_601"],"title_filing_ssi":"Note to William N. Pendleton","title_ssm":["Note to William N. Pendleton"],"title_tesim":["Note to William N. Pendleton"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Note to William N. Pendleton, 1863"],"text":["Note to William N. Pendleton, 1863","Alexander S. Pendleton papers, 1862/1863","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Soldiers -- Confederate States of America -- Correspondence","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","English","Note announces the death of Stonewall Jackson."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Alexander S. Pendleton papers, 1862/1863"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Alexander S. Pendleton papers, 1862/1863"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1863"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1863 May 10"],"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":5,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"collection_ssim":["Alexander S. Pendleton papers, 1862/1863"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"persname_ssim":["Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863"],"names_ssim":["Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Soldiers -- Confederate States of America -- Correspondence","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Soldiers -- Confederate States of America -- Correspondence","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865"],"language_ssim":["English"],"date_range_isim":[1863],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNote announces the death of Stonewall Jackson.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Note announces the death of Stonewall Jackson."],"_nest_path_":"/components#4","timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:59:54.976Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_601","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_601","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_601","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_601","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_601.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vmi/vilxv00016.xml","title_ssm":["Alexander S. Pendleton papers"],"title_tesim":["Alexander S. Pendleton papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1862-1863"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1862-1863"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1862/1863"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alexander S. Pendleton papers, 1862/1863"],"text":["Alexander S. Pendleton papers, 1862/1863","MS.0412","/repositories/3/resources/601","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Orders (military records)","Dispatches","There are no restrictions.","This collection is available online","Alexander (Sandie) Swift Pendleton was born near Alexandria, Virginia on September 28, 1840 to William Nelson Pendleton (1809-1883; Episcopal minister, educator, and Confederate General) and Anzolette E. Page (1806-1884). The Pendleton family moved to Lexington, Virginia in October 1853, where William became rector at Grace Episcopal Church.","In 1857 Sandie Pendleton graduated from Washington College (now Washington \u0026 Lee University) and subsequently enrolled at the University of Virginia, where he was pursuing a Master of Arts degree when the Civil War began. He received a commission as 2nd Lieutenant with the Provisional Army of Virginia and reported to Harper's Ferry, West Virginia on June 14, 1861. Within weeks, he was asked by General Stonewall Jackson to join his staff as an ordnance officer. Jackson had known Pendleton from their days together in Lexington, where Jackson was a Professor at VMI. Pendleton subsequently served as Jackson's Assistant Adjutant General (Second Corps), and the relationship between Pendleton and Jackson was a close one. Following Jackson's death at Chancellorsville in May 1863, Sandie Pendleton remained as Assistant Adjutant General under General Richard S. Ewell and would later serve under General Jubal A. Early.","In 1863, Sandie Pendleton married Catherine Corbin (Carter) and the newlyweds were expecting their first child when he was mortally wounded at Fisher's Hill, Virginia on September 23, 1864.","This collection (nine items) consists of Alexander S. Pendleton's Civil War papers, including:\n\nMilitary orders and dispatches directed to General Richard S. Ewell and others\nA note from Pendleton to his father concerning the death of General Stonewall Jackson in May 1863\nA request for a leave of absence\nCorrespondence","Dispatch regards General Jackson's orders that the 9th Louisiana Infantry Regiment to report to General A. P. Hill.","General Order reports that all soldiers sent to hospitals must have certificate from their regimental surgeons.","Dispatch requests the names of officers involved in enrolling conscripts.","General Order regards reports of property used during encampments, staff officer furloughs, and that enlisted men may not be employed as servants by any officer.","Note announces the death of Stonewall Jackson.","Partial transcription includes \"...I shall leave here. It is terrible almost makes me sick. Gen. Hill will I think from what I can learn be certainly appointed. There is a talk of making 3 Corps \u0026 giving Ewell one.\"","General Order from General Richard S. Ewell that gives thanks for victory.","Note from Major Wells J. Hawks requesting a leave of absence.","Note explains that Major Wells J. Hawks is to proceed to the Valley District to procure subsistence supplies.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Pendleton, Alexander S. (Alexander Swift), 1840-1864","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Ewell, Richard S. (Richard Stoddert), 1817-1872","Hawks, Wells J.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alexander S. Pendleton papers, 1862/1863"],"collection_ssim":["Alexander S. Pendleton papers, 1862/1863"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.0412","/repositories/3/resources/601"],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0412","/repositories/3/resources/601"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Pendleton, Alexander S. (Alexander Swift), 1840-1864"],"creator_ssim":["Pendleton, Alexander S. (Alexander Swift), 1840-1864"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Pendleton, Alexander S. (Alexander Swift), 1840-1864","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Ewell, Richard S. (Richard Stoddert), 1817-1872","Hawks, Wells J."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creators_ssim":["Pendleton, Alexander S. (Alexander Swift), 1840-1864","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Ewell, Richard S. (Richard Stoddert), 1817-1872","Hawks, Wells J.","Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Orders (military records)","Dispatches"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Orders (military records)","Dispatches"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9 items"],"extent_tesim":["9 items"],"genreform_ssim":["Orders (military records)","Dispatches"],"date_range_isim":[1862,1863],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://digitalcollections.vmi.edu/cdm/ref/collection/p15821coll11/id/1779\"\u003eThis collection is available online\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Online Access"],"altformavail_tesim":["This collection is available online"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlexander (Sandie) Swift Pendleton was born near Alexandria, Virginia on September 28, 1840 to William Nelson Pendleton (1809-1883; Episcopal minister, educator, and Confederate General) and Anzolette E. Page (1806-1884). The Pendleton family moved to Lexington, Virginia in October 1853, where William became rector at Grace Episcopal Church.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1857 Sandie Pendleton graduated from Washington College (now Washington \u0026amp; Lee University) and subsequently enrolled at the University of Virginia, where he was pursuing a Master of Arts degree when the Civil War began. He received a commission as 2nd Lieutenant with the Provisional Army of Virginia and reported to Harper's Ferry, West Virginia on June 14, 1861. Within weeks, he was asked by General Stonewall Jackson to join his staff as an ordnance officer. Jackson had known Pendleton from their days together in Lexington, where Jackson was a Professor at VMI. Pendleton subsequently served as Jackson's Assistant Adjutant General (Second Corps), and the relationship between Pendleton and Jackson was a close one. Following Jackson's death at Chancellorsville in May 1863, Sandie Pendleton remained as Assistant Adjutant General under General Richard S. Ewell and would later serve under General Jubal A. Early.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1863, Sandie Pendleton married Catherine Corbin (Carter) and the newlyweds were expecting their first child when he was mortally wounded at Fisher's Hill, Virginia on September 23, 1864.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Alexander (Sandie) Swift Pendleton was born near Alexandria, Virginia on September 28, 1840 to William Nelson Pendleton (1809-1883; Episcopal minister, educator, and Confederate General) and Anzolette E. Page (1806-1884). The Pendleton family moved to Lexington, Virginia in October 1853, where William became rector at Grace Episcopal Church.","In 1857 Sandie Pendleton graduated from Washington College (now Washington \u0026 Lee University) and subsequently enrolled at the University of Virginia, where he was pursuing a Master of Arts degree when the Civil War began. He received a commission as 2nd Lieutenant with the Provisional Army of Virginia and reported to Harper's Ferry, West Virginia on June 14, 1861. Within weeks, he was asked by General Stonewall Jackson to join his staff as an ordnance officer. Jackson had known Pendleton from their days together in Lexington, where Jackson was a Professor at VMI. Pendleton subsequently served as Jackson's Assistant Adjutant General (Second Corps), and the relationship between Pendleton and Jackson was a close one. Following Jackson's death at Chancellorsville in May 1863, Sandie Pendleton remained as Assistant Adjutant General under General Richard S. Ewell and would later serve under General Jubal A. Early.","In 1863, Sandie Pendleton married Catherine Corbin (Carter) and the newlyweds were expecting their first child when he was mortally wounded at Fisher's Hill, Virginia on September 23, 1864."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlexander S. Pendleton Papers, MS 0412, Virginia\n            Military Institute Archives, Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Alexander S. Pendleton Papers, MS 0412, Virginia\n            Military Institute Archives, Lexington, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection (nine items) consists of Alexander S. Pendleton's Civil War papers, including:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMilitary orders and dispatches directed to General Richard S. Ewell and others\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA note from Pendleton to his father concerning the death of General Stonewall Jackson in May 1863\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA request for a leave of absence\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCorrespondence\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eDispatch regards General Jackson's orders that the 9th Louisiana Infantry Regiment to report to General A. P. 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Hawks requesting a leave of absence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote explains that Major Wells J. Hawks is to proceed to the Valley District to procure subsistence supplies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection (nine items) consists of Alexander S. Pendleton's Civil War papers, including:\n\nMilitary orders and dispatches directed to General Richard S. Ewell and others\nA note from Pendleton to his father concerning the death of General Stonewall Jackson in May 1863\nA request for a leave of absence\nCorrespondence","Dispatch regards General Jackson's orders that the 9th Louisiana Infantry Regiment to report to General A. P. 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Hawks is to proceed to the Valley District to procure subsistence supplies."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_fc6c3720fa03721dd2626d680d191a83\"\u003eManuscripts stacks\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Pendleton, Alexander S. (Alexander Swift), 1840-1864","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Ewell, Richard S. (Richard Stoddert), 1817-1872","Hawks, Wells J."],"names_coll_ssim":["Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Ewell, Richard S. (Richard Stoddert), 1817-1872","Hawks, Wells J."],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Pendleton, Alexander S. (Alexander Swift), 1840-1864","Jackson, Stonewall, 1824-1863","Ewell, Richard S. (Richard Stoddert), 1817-1872","Hawks, Wells J."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":9,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:59:54.976Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_601_c05"}},{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_367","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Oscar F. Weisiger Civil War letter, 1865","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_367#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Weisiger, Oscar F., 1820-1886","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_367#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of one letter (dated May 25, 1865) from Oscar F. Weisiger to Q. M. Ward, a business partner in Big Lick (now Roanoke), Virginia. This detailed letter provides an eyewitness account of the last days of the Civil War in Richmond, Virginia, the capital of the Confederacy. The letter describes: \u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEvacuation of the city\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExtensive fire\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOccupation of the city by federal troops and the troops' treatment of former slaves\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProblems Weisiger faces in attempting to reestablish his mercantile business\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDiscussion of Weisiger's relationship with northern creditors. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_367#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_367","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_367","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_367","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_367","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_367.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Weisiger, Oscar F., Civil War Letter","title_ssm":["Oscar F. Weisiger Civil War letter"],"title_tesim":["Oscar F. Weisiger Civil War letter"],"unitdate_ssm":["1865 May 25"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1865 May 25"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1865"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Oscar F. Weisiger Civil War letter, 1865"],"text":["Oscar F. Weisiger Civil War letter, 1865","MS.0285","/repositories/3/resources/367","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Home life","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Richmond (Va.)—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence","There are no restrictions","Oscar F. Weisiger (1820-1886) was a businessman in Richmond, Virginia. During the Civil War he was a Confederate officer. On January 20, 1863 he was serving as a Captain, Assistant Quartermaster (superintendent of clothing depot in Richmond).","Richmond May 29th, 1865","Dear Ward,\nIt was with much pleasure that I received your letter of the 16th inst. for I have longed wished to hear from you, and should have written if there had been any way of sending a letter.","The night of the 2d ultimo will be memorable to all who were residents of this city. The evacuation was not thought of even by the President who was attending service at St. Paul's. At 12 o'clock a dispatch was received from Genl. Lee and handed to the President, while in church, to the effect that his- Genl. Lee's - line, had been pierced in two places and that unless he could reinstate them, it would be necessary to evacuate the city that night. It was then reported throughout the city. Hearing these reports, I started down to the office and on my way saw Genl. Ewell who informed me that the report was true and that Richmond would be evacuated that night at 12 o'clock.","I hurried down to the office and went to work with what force I could collect to box up and ship off the goods on hand. I worked all night but to little purpose, for what goods were sent to the Danville depot remained there until Monday morning and were either consumed by the fire or stolen. Such a scene I never saw before and hope never to see again. The most perfect confusion and disorder reigned. The troops from the North side of James River were passing from 12 o'clock Sunday night until 7 o'clock Monday morning, the last had scarcely crossed the bridge before the Federal troops entered the City. I cleared my house of every article, what I could not distribute to the troops while passing, I distributed to the citizens at large. It is fortunate that I did so for in a few hours the building was consumed by fire. The order as I understand it was to fire the Warehouse which was done early Monday morning and from that hour until late in the evening the fire raged with great fury. The explosion of the Powder Magazine was most fearful, and by it, I regret to say that some 10 or 12 paupers lost their lives.","I cannot begin to describe to you the terrors of that day. It can only be likened to my conception of the Judgement Day. At no time during the war did the fiercest artillery duel equal in bursting of shell the firing of the Laboratory. Every second there was a discharge of shell from early morn to late in the evening to the great danger of the lives of all who lived in the direction of the building. Fortunately no one was injured by the explosion of shell to my knowledge. I scarcely know how to describe to you the extent of the fire so that you will understand it. However I will do the best I can.","The whole business part of the City from 9 to 15th St. is in ashes. The houses on both sides of Cary St. from 9 to 15th St. and all of the houses on the cross streets to the river including Warwicks Mill and all of the houses around the Basin, the Petersburg depot and all the houses under Gambill's Hill to 5th St. including the state armory, the houses on Main St. from 9th to 15th St. with the exception that on the east side of Main the fire was stopped at Mitchell \u0026 Tyler's house, the houses on the west side of Main were destroyed to the Traders Bank which is opposite to Hening's Store. All of the houses between Main \u0026 Bank streets and on Bank were destroyed. The fire then extended up Franklin Street on the west side to Dr. Cunningham's and on the east side to 2 houses above Dr. Reid's church, burning the Church and Lecture room. The houses on the south side of Governors St. were saved, but those on the north side were burned. All of the bridges were destroyed. It will be necessary for you to see the ruins to fully understand the extent of this fire.","The result has been just what I predicted three years ago, that when Richmond was given up it would be the death blow to the Confederacy. did not think however that it would follow so soon. Since the occupation of the City by the Federal Troops the most perfect order has prevailed. They have no respect for the Negro, and make them toe the mark in every respect. The Negro is nothing like so free as before, except in name. They are kept in very strict discipline, not allowed to stand about the streets, and all made to work.","Danacott had returned and is living out with, and managing for his cousin Miss Sheppherd. He is a strange fellow, why he does not marry the woman I cannot divine. I have no doubt they have been engaged to be married for 15 years. He has now left his own place and taken the management of her affairs. His health is good. I have not heard from Clarkson since the evacuation. I fear with you that he is in a bad fix.","You are mistaken in supposing that Kent Paine \u0026 Co. and others are worth more than they were before the war. I understand that they will not be able to pay their debts, and this is the case with few exceptions of nearly all of the merchants in the city. Merchants have lost more than any other class by the fire.","In relation to our business affairs, I do not agree with you that we have \"fallen to rise no more.\" In relation to our Northern indebtedness I think it can be settled for 20 or 25 % and I would like very much to see you and have a talk with you on this subject. I think if we can raise 10 or 12,000 dollars, we can pay our whole debt and the sooner some arrangement is made the better. I have been advised to this course by merchants who have recently returned from the North and know the feeling of the merchants there. If this can be done it will be certainly best for both of us.","I do not know what your views of business are for the future, whether you will embark in the Mercantile business again or not, but as for myself I must get to doing something as soon as prudent to do so. I feel like going to work with renewed effort and regain what is lost. In the first place I would like to be free from our old debts and then I shall be ready for any business that might offer. I hope to see or hear from you soon. I would come up to see you, but I have not the money to spare at present. I was only left with six dollars of available funds, though since the evacuation I have not been idle. I have been buying a few goods at auction and reselling, and have made and have made a few dollars which has enabled me to get along without drawing rations from the Northern Government, though very many of our best citizens have had to do so, and many who were able before the evacuation. As to Mr. Warwick, I do not think he has ever drawn rations- if so I have never heard of it.","I have had some few calls from our Northern Creditors. Mr. Merchant was in, but said nothing about business, nor did I to him. He only remained two days. A gentleman of the house of O. R. Tweedy \u0026 Co. of New York called on me. He had in his possession a letter written by you in May 1861, which was very bitter. He stated that the house was very much hurt at receiving such a letter (he is not a partner). I regret myself the writing of the letter to that house for the reason that I believe the Members of that concern to be conservative and had been very kind to us. A few days since, a gentleman called on me from Boston who had with him the a/c [account] of W. Lovejoy \u0026 Co. I told him the [word eligible] of affairs as well as I could, what losses were sustained, etc. He seemed to sympathize with us as well as others in the same condition and hoped that all would be well. So far as I have seen the disposition [of] all Northern Creditors is kind. I enclose you a letter received from a concern in Hartford, Ct. If you can do so, you will come down at an early day- if not please write me and give me your views. I think the sooner we take some step to arranging our debts the better.","My family are all well and join in kind regards to Mrs. Ward \u0026 yourself.\nYours truly,\nO. F. Weisiger","This collection consists of one letter (dated May 25, 1865) from Oscar F. Weisiger to Q. M. Ward, a business partner in Big Lick (now Roanoke), Virginia. This detailed letter provides an eyewitness account of the last days of the Civil War in Richmond, Virginia, the capital of the Confederacy. The letter describes:\n\nEvacuation of the city\nExtensive fire\nOccupation of the city by federal troops and the troops' treatment of former slaves\nProblems Weisiger faces in attempting to reestablish his mercantile business\nDiscussion of Weisiger's relationship with northern creditors.","Written from Richmond, Virginia. Letter provides an eyewitness account of the last days of the Civil War in Richmond, Virginia.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Weisiger, Oscar F., 1820-1886","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Oscar F. Weisiger Civil War letter, 1865"],"collection_ssim":["Oscar F. Weisiger Civil War letter, 1865"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.0285","/repositories/3/resources/367"],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0285","/repositories/3/resources/367"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Weisiger, Oscar F., 1820-1886"],"creator_ssim":["Weisiger, Oscar F., 1820-1886"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Weisiger, Oscar F., 1820-1886"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creators_ssim":["Weisiger, Oscar F., 1820-1886","Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Home life","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Richmond (Va.)—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Home life","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Richmond (Va.)—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 items"],"extent_tesim":["1 items"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1865],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOscar F. Weisiger (1820-1886) was a businessman in Richmond, Virginia. During the Civil War he was a Confederate officer. On January 20, 1863 he was serving as a Captain, Assistant Quartermaster (superintendent of clothing depot in Richmond).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Oscar F. Weisiger (1820-1886) was a businessman in Richmond, Virginia. During the Civil War he was a Confederate officer. On January 20, 1863 he was serving as a Captain, Assistant Quartermaster (superintendent of clothing depot in Richmond)."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRichmond May 29th, 1865\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDear Ward,\nIt was with much pleasure that I received your letter of the 16th inst. for I have longed wished to hear from you, and should have written if there had been any way of sending a letter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe night of the 2d ultimo will be memorable to all who were residents of this city. The evacuation was not thought of even by the President who was attending service at St. Paul's. At 12 o'clock a dispatch was received from Genl. Lee and handed to the President, while in church, to the effect that his- Genl. Lee's - line, had been pierced in two places and that unless he could reinstate them, it would be necessary to evacuate the city that night. It was then reported throughout the city. Hearing these reports, I started down to the office and on my way saw Genl. Ewell who informed me that the report was true and that Richmond would be evacuated that night at 12 o'clock.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI hurried down to the office and went to work with what force I could collect to box up and ship off the goods on hand. I worked all night but to little purpose, for what goods were sent to the Danville depot remained there until Monday morning and were either consumed by the fire or stolen. Such a scene I never saw before and hope never to see again. The most perfect confusion and disorder reigned. The troops from the North side of James River were passing from 12 o'clock Sunday night until 7 o'clock Monday morning, the last had scarcely crossed the bridge before the Federal troops entered the City. I cleared my house of every article, what I could not distribute to the troops while passing, I distributed to the citizens at large. It is fortunate that I did so for in a few hours the building was consumed by fire. The order as I understand it was to fire the Warehouse which was done early Monday morning and from that hour until late in the evening the fire raged with great fury. The explosion of the Powder Magazine was most fearful, and by it, I regret to say that some 10 or 12 paupers lost their lives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI cannot begin to describe to you the terrors of that day. It can only be likened to my conception of the Judgement Day. At no time during the war did the fiercest artillery duel equal in bursting of shell the firing of the Laboratory. Every second there was a discharge of shell from early morn to late in the evening to the great danger of the lives of all who lived in the direction of the building. Fortunately no one was injured by the explosion of shell to my knowledge. I scarcely know how to describe to you the extent of the fire so that you will understand it. However I will do the best I can.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe whole business part of the City from 9 to 15th St. is in ashes. The houses on both sides of Cary St. from 9 to 15th St. and all of the houses on the cross streets to the river including Warwicks Mill and all of the houses around the Basin, the Petersburg depot and all the houses under Gambill's Hill to 5th St. including the state armory, the houses on Main St. from 9th to 15th St. with the exception that on the east side of Main the fire was stopped at Mitchell \u0026amp; Tyler's house, the houses on the west side of Main were destroyed to the Traders Bank which is opposite to Hening's Store. All of the houses between Main \u0026amp; Bank streets and on Bank were destroyed. The fire then extended up Franklin Street on the west side to Dr. Cunningham's and on the east side to 2 houses above Dr. Reid's church, burning the Church and Lecture room. The houses on the south side of Governors St. were saved, but those on the north side were burned. All of the bridges were destroyed. It will be necessary for you to see the ruins to fully understand the extent of this fire.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe result has been just what I predicted three years ago, that when Richmond was given up it would be the death blow to the Confederacy. did not think however that it would follow so soon. Since the occupation of the City by the Federal Troops the most perfect order has prevailed. They have no respect for the Negro, and make them toe the mark in every respect. The Negro is nothing like so free as before, except in name. They are kept in very strict discipline, not allowed to stand about the streets, and all made to work.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDanacott had returned and is living out with, and managing for his cousin Miss Sheppherd. He is a strange fellow, why he does not marry the woman I cannot divine. I have no doubt they have been engaged to be married for 15 years. He has now left his own place and taken the management of her affairs. His health is good. I have not heard from Clarkson since the evacuation. I fear with you that he is in a bad fix.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYou are mistaken in supposing that Kent Paine \u0026amp; Co. and others are worth more than they were before the war. I understand that they will not be able to pay their debts, and this is the case with few exceptions of nearly all of the merchants in the city. Merchants have lost more than any other class by the fire.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn relation to our business affairs, I do not agree with you that we have \"fallen to rise no more.\" In relation to our Northern indebtedness I think it can be settled for 20 or 25 % and I would like very much to see you and have a talk with you on this subject. I think if we can raise 10 or 12,000 dollars, we can pay our whole debt and the sooner some arrangement is made the better. I have been advised to this course by merchants who have recently returned from the North and know the feeling of the merchants there. If this can be done it will be certainly best for both of us.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI do not know what your views of business are for the future, whether you will embark in the Mercantile business again or not, but as for myself I must get to doing something as soon as prudent to do so. I feel like going to work with renewed effort and regain what is lost. In the first place I would like to be free from our old debts and then I shall be ready for any business that might offer. I hope to see or hear from you soon. I would come up to see you, but I have not the money to spare at present. I was only left with six dollars of available funds, though since the evacuation I have not been idle. I have been buying a few goods at auction and reselling, and have made and have made a few dollars which has enabled me to get along without drawing rations from the Northern Government, though very many of our best citizens have had to do so, and many who were able before the evacuation. As to Mr. Warwick, I do not think he has ever drawn rations- if so I have never heard of it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI have had some few calls from our Northern Creditors. Mr. Merchant was in, but said nothing about business, nor did I to him. He only remained two days. A gentleman of the house of O. R. Tweedy \u0026amp; Co. of New York called on me. He had in his possession a letter written by you in May 1861, which was very bitter. He stated that the house was very much hurt at receiving such a letter (he is not a partner). I regret myself the writing of the letter to that house for the reason that I believe the Members of that concern to be conservative and had been very kind to us. A few days since, a gentleman called on me from Boston who had with him the a/c [account] of W. Lovejoy \u0026amp; Co. I told him the [word eligible] of affairs as well as I could, what losses were sustained, etc. He seemed to sympathize with us as well as others in the same condition and hoped that all would be well. So far as I have seen the disposition [of] all Northern Creditors is kind. I enclose you a letter received from a concern in Hartford, Ct. If you can do so, you will come down at an early day- if not please write me and give me your views. I think the sooner we take some step to arranging our debts the better.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMy family are all well and join in kind regards to Mrs. Ward \u0026amp; yourself.\u003cbr\u003e\nYours truly,\u003cbr\u003e\nO. F. Weisiger\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Transcription"],"odd_tesim":["Richmond May 29th, 1865","Dear Ward,\nIt was with much pleasure that I received your letter of the 16th inst. for I have longed wished to hear from you, and should have written if there had been any way of sending a letter.","The night of the 2d ultimo will be memorable to all who were residents of this city. The evacuation was not thought of even by the President who was attending service at St. Paul's. At 12 o'clock a dispatch was received from Genl. Lee and handed to the President, while in church, to the effect that his- Genl. Lee's - line, had been pierced in two places and that unless he could reinstate them, it would be necessary to evacuate the city that night. It was then reported throughout the city. Hearing these reports, I started down to the office and on my way saw Genl. Ewell who informed me that the report was true and that Richmond would be evacuated that night at 12 o'clock.","I hurried down to the office and went to work with what force I could collect to box up and ship off the goods on hand. I worked all night but to little purpose, for what goods were sent to the Danville depot remained there until Monday morning and were either consumed by the fire or stolen. Such a scene I never saw before and hope never to see again. The most perfect confusion and disorder reigned. The troops from the North side of James River were passing from 12 o'clock Sunday night until 7 o'clock Monday morning, the last had scarcely crossed the bridge before the Federal troops entered the City. I cleared my house of every article, what I could not distribute to the troops while passing, I distributed to the citizens at large. It is fortunate that I did so for in a few hours the building was consumed by fire. The order as I understand it was to fire the Warehouse which was done early Monday morning and from that hour until late in the evening the fire raged with great fury. The explosion of the Powder Magazine was most fearful, and by it, I regret to say that some 10 or 12 paupers lost their lives.","I cannot begin to describe to you the terrors of that day. It can only be likened to my conception of the Judgement Day. At no time during the war did the fiercest artillery duel equal in bursting of shell the firing of the Laboratory. Every second there was a discharge of shell from early morn to late in the evening to the great danger of the lives of all who lived in the direction of the building. Fortunately no one was injured by the explosion of shell to my knowledge. I scarcely know how to describe to you the extent of the fire so that you will understand it. However I will do the best I can.","The whole business part of the City from 9 to 15th St. is in ashes. The houses on both sides of Cary St. from 9 to 15th St. and all of the houses on the cross streets to the river including Warwicks Mill and all of the houses around the Basin, the Petersburg depot and all the houses under Gambill's Hill to 5th St. including the state armory, the houses on Main St. from 9th to 15th St. with the exception that on the east side of Main the fire was stopped at Mitchell \u0026 Tyler's house, the houses on the west side of Main were destroyed to the Traders Bank which is opposite to Hening's Store. All of the houses between Main \u0026 Bank streets and on Bank were destroyed. The fire then extended up Franklin Street on the west side to Dr. Cunningham's and on the east side to 2 houses above Dr. Reid's church, burning the Church and Lecture room. The houses on the south side of Governors St. were saved, but those on the north side were burned. All of the bridges were destroyed. It will be necessary for you to see the ruins to fully understand the extent of this fire.","The result has been just what I predicted three years ago, that when Richmond was given up it would be the death blow to the Confederacy. did not think however that it would follow so soon. Since the occupation of the City by the Federal Troops the most perfect order has prevailed. They have no respect for the Negro, and make them toe the mark in every respect. The Negro is nothing like so free as before, except in name. They are kept in very strict discipline, not allowed to stand about the streets, and all made to work.","Danacott had returned and is living out with, and managing for his cousin Miss Sheppherd. He is a strange fellow, why he does not marry the woman I cannot divine. I have no doubt they have been engaged to be married for 15 years. He has now left his own place and taken the management of her affairs. His health is good. I have not heard from Clarkson since the evacuation. I fear with you that he is in a bad fix.","You are mistaken in supposing that Kent Paine \u0026 Co. and others are worth more than they were before the war. I understand that they will not be able to pay their debts, and this is the case with few exceptions of nearly all of the merchants in the city. Merchants have lost more than any other class by the fire.","In relation to our business affairs, I do not agree with you that we have \"fallen to rise no more.\" In relation to our Northern indebtedness I think it can be settled for 20 or 25 % and I would like very much to see you and have a talk with you on this subject. I think if we can raise 10 or 12,000 dollars, we can pay our whole debt and the sooner some arrangement is made the better. I have been advised to this course by merchants who have recently returned from the North and know the feeling of the merchants there. If this can be done it will be certainly best for both of us.","I do not know what your views of business are for the future, whether you will embark in the Mercantile business again or not, but as for myself I must get to doing something as soon as prudent to do so. I feel like going to work with renewed effort and regain what is lost. In the first place I would like to be free from our old debts and then I shall be ready for any business that might offer. I hope to see or hear from you soon. I would come up to see you, but I have not the money to spare at present. I was only left with six dollars of available funds, though since the evacuation I have not been idle. I have been buying a few goods at auction and reselling, and have made and have made a few dollars which has enabled me to get along without drawing rations from the Northern Government, though very many of our best citizens have had to do so, and many who were able before the evacuation. As to Mr. Warwick, I do not think he has ever drawn rations- if so I have never heard of it.","I have had some few calls from our Northern Creditors. Mr. Merchant was in, but said nothing about business, nor did I to him. He only remained two days. A gentleman of the house of O. R. Tweedy \u0026 Co. of New York called on me. He had in his possession a letter written by you in May 1861, which was very bitter. He stated that the house was very much hurt at receiving such a letter (he is not a partner). I regret myself the writing of the letter to that house for the reason that I believe the Members of that concern to be conservative and had been very kind to us. A few days since, a gentleman called on me from Boston who had with him the a/c [account] of W. Lovejoy \u0026 Co. I told him the [word eligible] of affairs as well as I could, what losses were sustained, etc. He seemed to sympathize with us as well as others in the same condition and hoped that all would be well. So far as I have seen the disposition [of] all Northern Creditors is kind. I enclose you a letter received from a concern in Hartford, Ct. If you can do so, you will come down at an early day- if not please write me and give me your views. I think the sooner we take some step to arranging our debts the better.","My family are all well and join in kind regards to Mrs. Ward \u0026 yourself.\nYours truly,\nO. F. Weisiger"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOscar F. Weisiger Civil War letter. Manuscript # 0285. Virginia Military Institute Archives\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Oscar F. Weisiger Civil War letter. Manuscript # 0285. Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of one letter (dated May 25, 1865) from Oscar F. Weisiger to Q. M. Ward, a business partner in Big Lick (now Roanoke), Virginia. This detailed letter provides an eyewitness account of the last days of the Civil War in Richmond, Virginia, the capital of the Confederacy. The letter describes:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEvacuation of the city\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExtensive fire\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOccupation of the city by federal troops and the troops' treatment of former slaves\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProblems Weisiger faces in attempting to reestablish his mercantile business\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDiscussion of Weisiger's relationship with northern creditors. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Richmond, Virginia. Letter provides an eyewitness account of the last days of the Civil War in Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of one letter (dated May 25, 1865) from Oscar F. Weisiger to Q. M. Ward, a business partner in Big Lick (now Roanoke), Virginia. This detailed letter provides an eyewitness account of the last days of the Civil War in Richmond, Virginia, the capital of the Confederacy. The letter describes:\n\nEvacuation of the city\nExtensive fire\nOccupation of the city by federal troops and the troops' treatment of former slaves\nProblems Weisiger faces in attempting to reestablish his mercantile business\nDiscussion of Weisiger's relationship with northern creditors.","Written from Richmond, Virginia. Letter provides an eyewitness account of the last days of the Civil War in Richmond, Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_d5884f186106e46368d6234607050019\"\u003eManuscripts stacks\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Weisiger, Oscar F., 1820-1886"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Weisiger, Oscar F., 1820-1886"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:59:54.976Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_367","ead_ssi":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_367","_root_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_367","_nest_parent_":"vilxv_repositories_3_resources_367","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMI/repositories_3_resources_367.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Weisiger, Oscar F., Civil War Letter","title_ssm":["Oscar F. Weisiger Civil War letter"],"title_tesim":["Oscar F. Weisiger Civil War letter"],"unitdate_ssm":["1865 May 25"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1865 May 25"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1865"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Oscar F. Weisiger Civil War letter, 1865"],"text":["Oscar F. Weisiger Civil War letter, 1865","MS.0285","/repositories/3/resources/367","United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Home life","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Richmond (Va.)—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence","There are no restrictions","Oscar F. Weisiger (1820-1886) was a businessman in Richmond, Virginia. During the Civil War he was a Confederate officer. On January 20, 1863 he was serving as a Captain, Assistant Quartermaster (superintendent of clothing depot in Richmond).","Richmond May 29th, 1865","Dear Ward,\nIt was with much pleasure that I received your letter of the 16th inst. for I have longed wished to hear from you, and should have written if there had been any way of sending a letter.","The night of the 2d ultimo will be memorable to all who were residents of this city. The evacuation was not thought of even by the President who was attending service at St. Paul's. At 12 o'clock a dispatch was received from Genl. Lee and handed to the President, while in church, to the effect that his- Genl. Lee's - line, had been pierced in two places and that unless he could reinstate them, it would be necessary to evacuate the city that night. It was then reported throughout the city. Hearing these reports, I started down to the office and on my way saw Genl. Ewell who informed me that the report was true and that Richmond would be evacuated that night at 12 o'clock.","I hurried down to the office and went to work with what force I could collect to box up and ship off the goods on hand. I worked all night but to little purpose, for what goods were sent to the Danville depot remained there until Monday morning and were either consumed by the fire or stolen. Such a scene I never saw before and hope never to see again. The most perfect confusion and disorder reigned. The troops from the North side of James River were passing from 12 o'clock Sunday night until 7 o'clock Monday morning, the last had scarcely crossed the bridge before the Federal troops entered the City. I cleared my house of every article, what I could not distribute to the troops while passing, I distributed to the citizens at large. It is fortunate that I did so for in a few hours the building was consumed by fire. The order as I understand it was to fire the Warehouse which was done early Monday morning and from that hour until late in the evening the fire raged with great fury. The explosion of the Powder Magazine was most fearful, and by it, I regret to say that some 10 or 12 paupers lost their lives.","I cannot begin to describe to you the terrors of that day. It can only be likened to my conception of the Judgement Day. At no time during the war did the fiercest artillery duel equal in bursting of shell the firing of the Laboratory. Every second there was a discharge of shell from early morn to late in the evening to the great danger of the lives of all who lived in the direction of the building. Fortunately no one was injured by the explosion of shell to my knowledge. I scarcely know how to describe to you the extent of the fire so that you will understand it. However I will do the best I can.","The whole business part of the City from 9 to 15th St. is in ashes. The houses on both sides of Cary St. from 9 to 15th St. and all of the houses on the cross streets to the river including Warwicks Mill and all of the houses around the Basin, the Petersburg depot and all the houses under Gambill's Hill to 5th St. including the state armory, the houses on Main St. from 9th to 15th St. with the exception that on the east side of Main the fire was stopped at Mitchell \u0026 Tyler's house, the houses on the west side of Main were destroyed to the Traders Bank which is opposite to Hening's Store. All of the houses between Main \u0026 Bank streets and on Bank were destroyed. The fire then extended up Franklin Street on the west side to Dr. Cunningham's and on the east side to 2 houses above Dr. Reid's church, burning the Church and Lecture room. The houses on the south side of Governors St. were saved, but those on the north side were burned. All of the bridges were destroyed. It will be necessary for you to see the ruins to fully understand the extent of this fire.","The result has been just what I predicted three years ago, that when Richmond was given up it would be the death blow to the Confederacy. did not think however that it would follow so soon. Since the occupation of the City by the Federal Troops the most perfect order has prevailed. They have no respect for the Negro, and make them toe the mark in every respect. The Negro is nothing like so free as before, except in name. They are kept in very strict discipline, not allowed to stand about the streets, and all made to work.","Danacott had returned and is living out with, and managing for his cousin Miss Sheppherd. He is a strange fellow, why he does not marry the woman I cannot divine. I have no doubt they have been engaged to be married for 15 years. He has now left his own place and taken the management of her affairs. His health is good. I have not heard from Clarkson since the evacuation. I fear with you that he is in a bad fix.","You are mistaken in supposing that Kent Paine \u0026 Co. and others are worth more than they were before the war. I understand that they will not be able to pay their debts, and this is the case with few exceptions of nearly all of the merchants in the city. Merchants have lost more than any other class by the fire.","In relation to our business affairs, I do not agree with you that we have \"fallen to rise no more.\" In relation to our Northern indebtedness I think it can be settled for 20 or 25 % and I would like very much to see you and have a talk with you on this subject. I think if we can raise 10 or 12,000 dollars, we can pay our whole debt and the sooner some arrangement is made the better. I have been advised to this course by merchants who have recently returned from the North and know the feeling of the merchants there. If this can be done it will be certainly best for both of us.","I do not know what your views of business are for the future, whether you will embark in the Mercantile business again or not, but as for myself I must get to doing something as soon as prudent to do so. I feel like going to work with renewed effort and regain what is lost. In the first place I would like to be free from our old debts and then I shall be ready for any business that might offer. I hope to see or hear from you soon. I would come up to see you, but I have not the money to spare at present. I was only left with six dollars of available funds, though since the evacuation I have not been idle. I have been buying a few goods at auction and reselling, and have made and have made a few dollars which has enabled me to get along without drawing rations from the Northern Government, though very many of our best citizens have had to do so, and many who were able before the evacuation. As to Mr. Warwick, I do not think he has ever drawn rations- if so I have never heard of it.","I have had some few calls from our Northern Creditors. Mr. Merchant was in, but said nothing about business, nor did I to him. He only remained two days. A gentleman of the house of O. R. Tweedy \u0026 Co. of New York called on me. He had in his possession a letter written by you in May 1861, which was very bitter. He stated that the house was very much hurt at receiving such a letter (he is not a partner). I regret myself the writing of the letter to that house for the reason that I believe the Members of that concern to be conservative and had been very kind to us. A few days since, a gentleman called on me from Boston who had with him the a/c [account] of W. Lovejoy \u0026 Co. I told him the [word eligible] of affairs as well as I could, what losses were sustained, etc. He seemed to sympathize with us as well as others in the same condition and hoped that all would be well. So far as I have seen the disposition [of] all Northern Creditors is kind. I enclose you a letter received from a concern in Hartford, Ct. If you can do so, you will come down at an early day- if not please write me and give me your views. I think the sooner we take some step to arranging our debts the better.","My family are all well and join in kind regards to Mrs. Ward \u0026 yourself.\nYours truly,\nO. F. Weisiger","This collection consists of one letter (dated May 25, 1865) from Oscar F. Weisiger to Q. M. Ward, a business partner in Big Lick (now Roanoke), Virginia. This detailed letter provides an eyewitness account of the last days of the Civil War in Richmond, Virginia, the capital of the Confederacy. The letter describes:\n\nEvacuation of the city\nExtensive fire\nOccupation of the city by federal troops and the troops' treatment of former slaves\nProblems Weisiger faces in attempting to reestablish his mercantile business\nDiscussion of Weisiger's relationship with northern creditors.","Written from Richmond, Virginia. Letter provides an eyewitness account of the last days of the Civil War in Richmond, Virginia.","Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.","Manuscripts stacks","Virginia Military Institute Archives","Weisiger, Oscar F., 1820-1886","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Oscar F. Weisiger Civil War letter, 1865"],"collection_ssim":["Oscar F. Weisiger Civil War letter, 1865"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS.0285","/repositories/3/resources/367"],"unitid_tesim":["MS.0285","/repositories/3/resources/367"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creator_ssm":["Weisiger, Oscar F., 1820-1886"],"creator_ssim":["Weisiger, Oscar F., 1820-1886"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Weisiger, Oscar F., 1820-1886"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"creators_ssim":["Weisiger, Oscar F., 1820-1886","Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Home life","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Richmond (Va.)—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["United States—History—Civil War, 1861-1865—Home life","Virginia—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Richmond (Va.)—History—Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 items"],"extent_tesim":["1 items"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1865],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOscar F. Weisiger (1820-1886) was a businessman in Richmond, Virginia. During the Civil War he was a Confederate officer. On January 20, 1863 he was serving as a Captain, Assistant Quartermaster (superintendent of clothing depot in Richmond).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Oscar F. Weisiger (1820-1886) was a businessman in Richmond, Virginia. During the Civil War he was a Confederate officer. On January 20, 1863 he was serving as a Captain, Assistant Quartermaster (superintendent of clothing depot in Richmond)."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRichmond May 29th, 1865\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDear Ward,\nIt was with much pleasure that I received your letter of the 16th inst. for I have longed wished to hear from you, and should have written if there had been any way of sending a letter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe night of the 2d ultimo will be memorable to all who were residents of this city. The evacuation was not thought of even by the President who was attending service at St. Paul's. At 12 o'clock a dispatch was received from Genl. Lee and handed to the President, while in church, to the effect that his- Genl. Lee's - line, had been pierced in two places and that unless he could reinstate them, it would be necessary to evacuate the city that night. It was then reported throughout the city. Hearing these reports, I started down to the office and on my way saw Genl. Ewell who informed me that the report was true and that Richmond would be evacuated that night at 12 o'clock.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI hurried down to the office and went to work with what force I could collect to box up and ship off the goods on hand. I worked all night but to little purpose, for what goods were sent to the Danville depot remained there until Monday morning and were either consumed by the fire or stolen. Such a scene I never saw before and hope never to see again. The most perfect confusion and disorder reigned. The troops from the North side of James River were passing from 12 o'clock Sunday night until 7 o'clock Monday morning, the last had scarcely crossed the bridge before the Federal troops entered the City. I cleared my house of every article, what I could not distribute to the troops while passing, I distributed to the citizens at large. It is fortunate that I did so for in a few hours the building was consumed by fire. The order as I understand it was to fire the Warehouse which was done early Monday morning and from that hour until late in the evening the fire raged with great fury. The explosion of the Powder Magazine was most fearful, and by it, I regret to say that some 10 or 12 paupers lost their lives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI cannot begin to describe to you the terrors of that day. It can only be likened to my conception of the Judgement Day. At no time during the war did the fiercest artillery duel equal in bursting of shell the firing of the Laboratory. Every second there was a discharge of shell from early morn to late in the evening to the great danger of the lives of all who lived in the direction of the building. Fortunately no one was injured by the explosion of shell to my knowledge. I scarcely know how to describe to you the extent of the fire so that you will understand it. However I will do the best I can.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe whole business part of the City from 9 to 15th St. is in ashes. The houses on both sides of Cary St. from 9 to 15th St. and all of the houses on the cross streets to the river including Warwicks Mill and all of the houses around the Basin, the Petersburg depot and all the houses under Gambill's Hill to 5th St. including the state armory, the houses on Main St. from 9th to 15th St. with the exception that on the east side of Main the fire was stopped at Mitchell \u0026amp; Tyler's house, the houses on the west side of Main were destroyed to the Traders Bank which is opposite to Hening's Store. All of the houses between Main \u0026amp; Bank streets and on Bank were destroyed. The fire then extended up Franklin Street on the west side to Dr. Cunningham's and on the east side to 2 houses above Dr. Reid's church, burning the Church and Lecture room. The houses on the south side of Governors St. were saved, but those on the north side were burned. All of the bridges were destroyed. It will be necessary for you to see the ruins to fully understand the extent of this fire.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe result has been just what I predicted three years ago, that when Richmond was given up it would be the death blow to the Confederacy. did not think however that it would follow so soon. Since the occupation of the City by the Federal Troops the most perfect order has prevailed. They have no respect for the Negro, and make them toe the mark in every respect. The Negro is nothing like so free as before, except in name. They are kept in very strict discipline, not allowed to stand about the streets, and all made to work.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDanacott had returned and is living out with, and managing for his cousin Miss Sheppherd. He is a strange fellow, why he does not marry the woman I cannot divine. I have no doubt they have been engaged to be married for 15 years. He has now left his own place and taken the management of her affairs. His health is good. I have not heard from Clarkson since the evacuation. I fear with you that he is in a bad fix.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYou are mistaken in supposing that Kent Paine \u0026amp; Co. and others are worth more than they were before the war. I understand that they will not be able to pay their debts, and this is the case with few exceptions of nearly all of the merchants in the city. Merchants have lost more than any other class by the fire.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn relation to our business affairs, I do not agree with you that we have \"fallen to rise no more.\" In relation to our Northern indebtedness I think it can be settled for 20 or 25 % and I would like very much to see you and have a talk with you on this subject. I think if we can raise 10 or 12,000 dollars, we can pay our whole debt and the sooner some arrangement is made the better. I have been advised to this course by merchants who have recently returned from the North and know the feeling of the merchants there. If this can be done it will be certainly best for both of us.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI do not know what your views of business are for the future, whether you will embark in the Mercantile business again or not, but as for myself I must get to doing something as soon as prudent to do so. I feel like going to work with renewed effort and regain what is lost. In the first place I would like to be free from our old debts and then I shall be ready for any business that might offer. I hope to see or hear from you soon. I would come up to see you, but I have not the money to spare at present. I was only left with six dollars of available funds, though since the evacuation I have not been idle. I have been buying a few goods at auction and reselling, and have made and have made a few dollars which has enabled me to get along without drawing rations from the Northern Government, though very many of our best citizens have had to do so, and many who were able before the evacuation. As to Mr. Warwick, I do not think he has ever drawn rations- if so I have never heard of it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI have had some few calls from our Northern Creditors. Mr. Merchant was in, but said nothing about business, nor did I to him. He only remained two days. A gentleman of the house of O. R. Tweedy \u0026amp; Co. of New York called on me. He had in his possession a letter written by you in May 1861, which was very bitter. He stated that the house was very much hurt at receiving such a letter (he is not a partner). I regret myself the writing of the letter to that house for the reason that I believe the Members of that concern to be conservative and had been very kind to us. A few days since, a gentleman called on me from Boston who had with him the a/c [account] of W. Lovejoy \u0026amp; Co. I told him the [word eligible] of affairs as well as I could, what losses were sustained, etc. He seemed to sympathize with us as well as others in the same condition and hoped that all would be well. So far as I have seen the disposition [of] all Northern Creditors is kind. I enclose you a letter received from a concern in Hartford, Ct. If you can do so, you will come down at an early day- if not please write me and give me your views. I think the sooner we take some step to arranging our debts the better.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMy family are all well and join in kind regards to Mrs. Ward \u0026amp; yourself.\u003cbr\u003e\nYours truly,\u003cbr\u003e\nO. F. Weisiger\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Transcription"],"odd_tesim":["Richmond May 29th, 1865","Dear Ward,\nIt was with much pleasure that I received your letter of the 16th inst. for I have longed wished to hear from you, and should have written if there had been any way of sending a letter.","The night of the 2d ultimo will be memorable to all who were residents of this city. The evacuation was not thought of even by the President who was attending service at St. Paul's. At 12 o'clock a dispatch was received from Genl. Lee and handed to the President, while in church, to the effect that his- Genl. Lee's - line, had been pierced in two places and that unless he could reinstate them, it would be necessary to evacuate the city that night. It was then reported throughout the city. Hearing these reports, I started down to the office and on my way saw Genl. Ewell who informed me that the report was true and that Richmond would be evacuated that night at 12 o'clock.","I hurried down to the office and went to work with what force I could collect to box up and ship off the goods on hand. I worked all night but to little purpose, for what goods were sent to the Danville depot remained there until Monday morning and were either consumed by the fire or stolen. Such a scene I never saw before and hope never to see again. The most perfect confusion and disorder reigned. The troops from the North side of James River were passing from 12 o'clock Sunday night until 7 o'clock Monday morning, the last had scarcely crossed the bridge before the Federal troops entered the City. I cleared my house of every article, what I could not distribute to the troops while passing, I distributed to the citizens at large. It is fortunate that I did so for in a few hours the building was consumed by fire. The order as I understand it was to fire the Warehouse which was done early Monday morning and from that hour until late in the evening the fire raged with great fury. The explosion of the Powder Magazine was most fearful, and by it, I regret to say that some 10 or 12 paupers lost their lives.","I cannot begin to describe to you the terrors of that day. It can only be likened to my conception of the Judgement Day. At no time during the war did the fiercest artillery duel equal in bursting of shell the firing of the Laboratory. Every second there was a discharge of shell from early morn to late in the evening to the great danger of the lives of all who lived in the direction of the building. Fortunately no one was injured by the explosion of shell to my knowledge. I scarcely know how to describe to you the extent of the fire so that you will understand it. However I will do the best I can.","The whole business part of the City from 9 to 15th St. is in ashes. The houses on both sides of Cary St. from 9 to 15th St. and all of the houses on the cross streets to the river including Warwicks Mill and all of the houses around the Basin, the Petersburg depot and all the houses under Gambill's Hill to 5th St. including the state armory, the houses on Main St. from 9th to 15th St. with the exception that on the east side of Main the fire was stopped at Mitchell \u0026 Tyler's house, the houses on the west side of Main were destroyed to the Traders Bank which is opposite to Hening's Store. All of the houses between Main \u0026 Bank streets and on Bank were destroyed. The fire then extended up Franklin Street on the west side to Dr. Cunningham's and on the east side to 2 houses above Dr. Reid's church, burning the Church and Lecture room. The houses on the south side of Governors St. were saved, but those on the north side were burned. All of the bridges were destroyed. It will be necessary for you to see the ruins to fully understand the extent of this fire.","The result has been just what I predicted three years ago, that when Richmond was given up it would be the death blow to the Confederacy. did not think however that it would follow so soon. Since the occupation of the City by the Federal Troops the most perfect order has prevailed. They have no respect for the Negro, and make them toe the mark in every respect. The Negro is nothing like so free as before, except in name. They are kept in very strict discipline, not allowed to stand about the streets, and all made to work.","Danacott had returned and is living out with, and managing for his cousin Miss Sheppherd. He is a strange fellow, why he does not marry the woman I cannot divine. I have no doubt they have been engaged to be married for 15 years. He has now left his own place and taken the management of her affairs. His health is good. I have not heard from Clarkson since the evacuation. I fear with you that he is in a bad fix.","You are mistaken in supposing that Kent Paine \u0026 Co. and others are worth more than they were before the war. I understand that they will not be able to pay their debts, and this is the case with few exceptions of nearly all of the merchants in the city. Merchants have lost more than any other class by the fire.","In relation to our business affairs, I do not agree with you that we have \"fallen to rise no more.\" In relation to our Northern indebtedness I think it can be settled for 20 or 25 % and I would like very much to see you and have a talk with you on this subject. I think if we can raise 10 or 12,000 dollars, we can pay our whole debt and the sooner some arrangement is made the better. I have been advised to this course by merchants who have recently returned from the North and know the feeling of the merchants there. If this can be done it will be certainly best for both of us.","I do not know what your views of business are for the future, whether you will embark in the Mercantile business again or not, but as for myself I must get to doing something as soon as prudent to do so. I feel like going to work with renewed effort and regain what is lost. In the first place I would like to be free from our old debts and then I shall be ready for any business that might offer. I hope to see or hear from you soon. I would come up to see you, but I have not the money to spare at present. I was only left with six dollars of available funds, though since the evacuation I have not been idle. I have been buying a few goods at auction and reselling, and have made and have made a few dollars which has enabled me to get along without drawing rations from the Northern Government, though very many of our best citizens have had to do so, and many who were able before the evacuation. As to Mr. Warwick, I do not think he has ever drawn rations- if so I have never heard of it.","I have had some few calls from our Northern Creditors. Mr. Merchant was in, but said nothing about business, nor did I to him. He only remained two days. A gentleman of the house of O. R. Tweedy \u0026 Co. of New York called on me. He had in his possession a letter written by you in May 1861, which was very bitter. He stated that the house was very much hurt at receiving such a letter (he is not a partner). I regret myself the writing of the letter to that house for the reason that I believe the Members of that concern to be conservative and had been very kind to us. A few days since, a gentleman called on me from Boston who had with him the a/c [account] of W. Lovejoy \u0026 Co. I told him the [word eligible] of affairs as well as I could, what losses were sustained, etc. He seemed to sympathize with us as well as others in the same condition and hoped that all would be well. So far as I have seen the disposition [of] all Northern Creditors is kind. I enclose you a letter received from a concern in Hartford, Ct. If you can do so, you will come down at an early day- if not please write me and give me your views. I think the sooner we take some step to arranging our debts the better.","My family are all well and join in kind regards to Mrs. Ward \u0026 yourself.\nYours truly,\nO. F. Weisiger"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOscar F. Weisiger Civil War letter. Manuscript # 0285. Virginia Military Institute Archives\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Oscar F. Weisiger Civil War letter. Manuscript # 0285. Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of one letter (dated May 25, 1865) from Oscar F. Weisiger to Q. M. Ward, a business partner in Big Lick (now Roanoke), Virginia. This detailed letter provides an eyewitness account of the last days of the Civil War in Richmond, Virginia, the capital of the Confederacy. The letter describes:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEvacuation of the city\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExtensive fire\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOccupation of the city by federal troops and the troops' treatment of former slaves\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProblems Weisiger faces in attempting to reestablish his mercantile business\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDiscussion of Weisiger's relationship with northern creditors. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eWritten from Richmond, Virginia. Letter provides an eyewitness account of the last days of the Civil War in Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of one letter (dated May 25, 1865) from Oscar F. Weisiger to Q. M. Ward, a business partner in Big Lick (now Roanoke), Virginia. This detailed letter provides an eyewitness account of the last days of the Civil War in Richmond, Virginia, the capital of the Confederacy. The letter describes:\n\nEvacuation of the city\nExtensive fire\nOccupation of the city by federal troops and the troops' treatment of former slaves\nProblems Weisiger faces in attempting to reestablish his mercantile business\nDiscussion of Weisiger's relationship with northern creditors.","Written from Richmond, Virginia. Letter provides an eyewitness account of the last days of the Civil War in Richmond, Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eManuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Manuscript collections in the VMI Archives are made available for educational and research use. The VMI Archives should be cited as the source. The user assumes all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any copyright holders. Materials from our collections may \nnot be redistributed, published or reproduced without permission from the VMI Archives. Contact the VMI Archives for additional information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_d5884f186106e46368d6234607050019\"\u003eManuscripts stacks\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Manuscripts stacks"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Weisiger, Oscar F., 1820-1886"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Military Institute Archives","Weisiger, Oscar F., 1820-1886"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:59:54.976Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxv_repositories_3_resources_367"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia Military Institute Archives","value":"Virginia Military Institute Archives","hits":76},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Virginia%E2%80%94History%E2%80%94Civil+War%2C+1861-1865\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Military+Institute+Archives\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Virginia%E2%80%94History%E2%80%94Civil+War%2C+1861-1865\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"A. 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