{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Universities+and+colleges\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=West+Virginia+and+Regional+History+Center\u0026page=9","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Universities+and+colleges\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=West+Virginia+and+Regional+History+Center\u0026page=8","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Universities+and+colleges\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=West+Virginia+and+Regional+History+Center\u0026page=10","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Universities+and+colleges\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=West+Virginia+and+Regional+History+Center\u0026page=11"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":9,"next_page":10,"prev_page":8,"total_pages":11,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":80,"total_count":102,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4930","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Sallie Bennett Papers regarding World War I Flying Ace Louis Bennett, Jr., 1873/2009, bulk 1904/1926","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4930#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Bennett, Sallie Maxwell, 1857-1944","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4930#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Personal correspondence, legal and financial papers, diary, and newspaper clippings of Mrs. Sallie Maxwell Bennett of Weston, wife of Louis Bennett, Sr., the Democratic gubernatorial candidate in 1908. The collection concerns the career of her son, Louis Bennett, Jr., particularly his student days at Yale, his pioneer efforts to organize the West Virginia Flying Corps, his service in the Royal Air Force [RAF], and his subsequent death in World War I. Additional topics include Mrs. Bennett's effort to memorialize her son, family affairs, and a South American trip in 1915. Correspondents include Louis Bennett, Sr. and Jr., and John W. Davis.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4930#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4930","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4930","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4930","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4930","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_4930.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/198454","title_ssm":["Sallie Bennett Papers regarding World War I Flying Ace Louis Bennett, Jr."],"title_tesim":["Sallie Bennett Papers regarding World War I Flying Ace Louis Bennett, Jr."],"unitdate_ssm":["1873-2009","1904-1926"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1873-2009"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1904-1926"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1873/2009, bulk 1904/1926"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Sallie Bennett Papers regarding World War I Flying Ace Louis Bennett, Jr., 1873/2009, bulk 1904/1926"],"text":["Sallie Bennett Papers regarding World War I Flying Ace Louis Bennett, Jr., 1873/2009, bulk 1904/1926","A\u0026M 1590","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4930","South America","Westover (W. Va.)","Aeronautics","Universities and colleges","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","World War, 1914-1918","Diaries","No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department.","Louis Bennett, Jr. became World War I's 12th ranked American flying ace. In his brief, meteoric career, he scored three aircraft and nine balloons in ten days, described by one author as \"undoubtedly, one of the most brilliant records of the air war\".","Louis Bennett, Jr. was born 22 September 1894 in Weston, West Virginia, son of Louis Bennett and Sallie Maxwell Bennett. It was a West Virginia family of wealth and prominence. Growing up in Weston, he was described as bright, likeable, and headstrong, with mechanical inclinations. He had his own car and motorcycle when 12 years old, and is said to have frequently raised the dust on his town's dirt streets with best friend Paul Hoskins.","He attended Cutler and St. Luke's preparatory schools in Pennsylvania, entering Yale University in 1913. He was apparently active in athletics and popular with women.","Interested in early aviation, Louis took pilot training from the Burgess Company at Marblehead, Massachusetts. In 1917 the Governor of West Virginia approved Louis Bennett's idea of a West Virginia Flying Corps, with intent of joining the unit to the United States Air Service. Refused by the US Army, the unit disbanded. Impatient to join the air war, Louis decided to join the British Royal Flying Corps, departing for Toronto on 5 October 1917 for training. Receiving his commission on 21 January 1918, he sailed for England.","Arriving in London on 25 February, he was sent to Flying School, receiving his Graduation Certificate on 6 March. Stationed to No. 90 Squadron, a Home Defense unit of little action, Bennett became impatient and sought transfer to a fighting squadron on the Western Front. His efforts rewarded, Louis received assignment to No. 40 Squadron at Bryas on 21 July 1918, and flew his first offensive patrol on 30 July.","The fireworks really began on 15 August when Bennett began his impressive string of victories. After killing a German balloon on the 17th, Bennett caught \"balloon fever\". \"He (Bennett) immediately set out to down every captive balloon in the area and we were all talking about it in the squadron ... each of us knew he was expendable\". With his solo destruction of four balloons on 19 August, Louis Bennett had become an ace in the space of only four days!","His final sortie on the 24th cost the enemy two balloons before anti-aircraft brought his machine down in flames. Apparently the Germans so respected his courage that they burned their hands pulling him out of his burning aircraft. He died in a German field hospital at Wavrin, with burns from waist to neck, a head wound, and a broken leg, calling for his parents.","for this biography was obtained from: Williams, George H. \"Louis Bennett, Jr.; No. 40 Squadron, RFC/RAF,\" Cross \u0026 Cockade Journal 21 (1980): 331-351.","Personal correspondence, legal and financial papers, diary, and newspaper clippings of Mrs. Sallie Maxwell Bennett of Weston, wife of Louis Bennett, Sr., the Democratic gubernatorial candidate in 1908. The collection concerns the career of her son, Louis Bennett, Jr., particularly his student days at Yale, his pioneer efforts to organize the West Virginia Flying Corps, his service in the Royal Air Force [RAF], and his subsequent death in World War I. Additional topics include Mrs. Bennett's effort to memorialize her son, family affairs, and a South American trip in 1915. Correspondents include Louis Bennett, Sr. and Jr., and John W. Davis.","See also C619 of Oral History Sound Archives, which contains one audio cassette and typed transcript of an interview with David B. McKinley by Wayne Sheets regarding the life and times of Sallie Maxwell Bennett. Louis Bennett, Jr. and Agra are discussed as well.","Series 1. Biographical Information; 1917-1919, 1980-ca. 2000 (includes facsimiles); box 1, folder 1. Includes mostly photocopies of narrative information on the life of Louis Bennett, Jr. For more historical narrative of Louis Bennett, Jr. and the Bennett family, consult the Newspaper Clippings series.","Series 2. General Correspondence; 1908-1917; box 1, folders 2-13. Includes letters, telegrams, clippings, receipts, etc. Topics include family affairs, Yale College, and the West Virginia Flying Corps in 1917, among other subjects. Correspondents include primarily Mr. Louis Bennett, Mrs. Louis Bennett [Sallie], their son Louis Bennett, Jr., and daughter Agra.","Series 3. Outgoing Letters; 1917-1918; box 1, folders 14-18. Includes primarily letters by Louis Bennett, Jr. on Royal Flying Corps and Royal Air Force [RAF] stationery describing adventures in London, military matters, impatience in Shotwick, and military life and combat on the Western Front as a pilot in the 40th Squadron, RAF.","Series 4. Incoming Letters; 1918; box 1, folder 19 - box 2, folder 3. Includes letters, clippings, photographs, and other material. Letters are from Louis Bennett, Jr.'s immediate family, friends, fellow aviators, girl friends, and others regarding personal and military matters, etc.","Series 5. General; 1914-1920, undated; box 2, folders 4-9. Includes miscellaneous material regarding Louis Bennett, Jr., such as combat reports, personal ephemera, RAF Graduation Certificate, transit and burial permit, etc.","Series 6. General Correspondence--Bennett Family; 1915-1926; box 2, folder 10 - box 7, folder 2. Includes primarily letters to and from Mrs. Louis Bennett, but other family members as well, about the personal, financial, and legal affairs of the Bennett family. Many letters are testimonials and condolences regarding Louis Bennett, Jr. by his friends in England and the military. Correspondence after 1918 primarily documents Mrs. Louis Bennett's efforts in England and Europe to find the facts regarding her son's fate, and her efforts to memorialize her son and other aviators of WWI; for the latter, she corresponded with the British Air Ministry, among other military and governmental authorities. The variety of letterhead of US east coast, British Isles, and European hotels document a very peripatetic Mrs. Bennett. Letters are arranged in chronological order. Also includes a travel diary of Mrs. Bennett.","Series 7. Newspaper Clippings; 1914-1925, 1960 (includes facsimiles); box 7, folders 3-11. Contains loose clippings and clippings in scrapbook pages which document both Louis Bennett, Jr. and the Bennett family.","Series 8. Legal Papers; ca. 1918-1923; box 7, folder 12. Includes information on deeds and power of attorney; also includes agreement with the sculptor Augustus Lukeman for \"heroic bronze statue\".","Series 9. Financial Records; 1916-1926; box 7, folder 13 - box 8, folder 2. Includes appraisement and other documents relating to the Louis Bennett estate, insurance records, real estate records, balance sheets, receipts, etc.","Series 10. Publications; 1873-1882, 1907-1924; box 8, folders 3-5. Includes books and periodicals, mostly material about Louis Bennett, Jr.","Series 11. Greeting Cards; 1920, undated; box 8, folder 6.","Series 12. Calling Cards/Business Cards; ca. 1910-1925; box 8, folder 7. These cards appear to document primarily the personal and professional contacts of Mrs. Bennett, Louis Bennett, Jr.'s mother.","Series 13. Postcards; ca. 1910-1925; box 8, folder 8. Includes photo postcards. Subjects include portraits, landscapes, and WWI images.","Series 14. Ephemera; 1899-1924, undated (includes facsimiles); box 9, folders 1-4. Includes much Louis Bennett, Jr.-related material, such as his RAF Wallet (for wallet, see box 12).","Series 15. Photographs; 1904-1920, undated; box 9, folders 5-17. Includes photographs, postcards, and negatives. Subjects include a diverse range of material recording Louis Bennett, Jr.'s involvement in WWI, as well as the Bennett family. Mrs. Bennett's 1915 trip to South America is extensively documented.","Series 16. Artifacts; 1890s-1925, undated; boxes 10-10a. Includes checkbooks, a pin cushion, a sketchbook, newspaper clippings, a lock of hair, and other items.","Series 17. Dissertation; 2009; box 11. Contains Charles D. Dusch's Great War Aviation and Commemoration: Louis Bennett, Jr., Commander of the West Virginia Flying Corps (also available as an electronic resource at WVU Libraries).","Series 18. Miscellaneous; ca. 1916-1919; box 12. Contains glass plate negatives, Louis Bennett, Jr.'s RAF wallet, and his memo book.","\"Weston Legionnaire\" (These publications can be found in the pamphlet collection, under \"P7253\".):","June 1923; Vol. 1, No. 6","July 1923; Vol. 1, No. 7","October 1923; Vol. 1, No. 10","November 1923; Vol. 1, No. 11","March 1924; Vol. 2, No. 3","February 1925; Vol. 3, No. 2","November 1926; Vol. 4, No. 11","\"Arrow Head Tribe, LSA [Lone Scouts of America]\"; Weston, WV (These publications can be found in the pamphlet collection, under \"P7459\".):","April 1, 1920; Vol. 1, No. 1","May 1920; Vol. 2 [sic]","June 1920; Vol. 3 [sic]","The original photographs in the RAF Wallet have been moved to separate storage; they can be viewed in West Virginia History OnView by searching for \"1590\" combined with \"wallet\"; a facsimile set of all of these photographs have been inserted into box 9, folder 4.","Most of the original print photographs documenting Lt. Louis Bennett and his involvement in WWI have been moved to separate storage; they can be viewed in West Virginia History OnView by searching for \"1590\"; a facsimile set has been inserted into box 9, folder 5.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Personal correspondence, legal and financial papers, diary, and newspaper clippings of Mrs. Sallie Maxwell Bennett of Weston, wife of Louis Bennett, Sr., the Democratic gubernatorial candidate in 1908. The collection concerns the career of her son, Louis Bennett, Jr., particularly his student days at Yale, his pioneer efforts to organize the West Virginia Flying Corps, his service in the Royal Air Force [RAF], and his subsequent death in World War I. Additional topics include Mrs. Bennett's effort to memorialize her son, family affairs, and a South American trip in 1915. Correspondents include Louis Bennett, Sr. and Jr., and John W. Davis.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Yale University","Great Britain. Royal Air Force","Bennett, Sallie Maxwell, 1857-1944","Bennett, Louis, Sr., 1849-1918","Bennett, Louis, Jr., 1894-1918","Davis, John W. (John William), 1873-1955","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Sallie Bennett Papers regarding World War I Flying Ace Louis Bennett, Jr., 1873/2009, bulk 1904/1926"],"collection_ssim":["Sallie Bennett Papers regarding World War I Flying Ace Louis Bennett, Jr., 1873/2009, bulk 1904/1926"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 1590","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4930"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 1590","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4930"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["South America","Westover (W. Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["South America","Westover (W. Va.)"],"places_ssim":["South America","Westover (W. Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Bennett, Sallie Maxwell, 1857-1944"],"creator_ssim":["Bennett, Sallie Maxwell, 1857-1944"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bennett, Sallie Maxwell, 1857-1944","Bennett, Louis, Sr., 1849-1918","Bennett, Louis, Jr., 1894-1918","Davis, John W. (John William), 1873-1955"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Yale University","Great Britain. Royal Air Force"],"creators_ssim":["Bennett, Sallie Maxwell, 1857-1944","Bennett, Louis, Sr., 1849-1918","Bennett, Louis, Jr., 1894-1918","Davis, John W. (John William), 1873-1955","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Yale University","Great Britain. Royal Air Force"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Aeronautics","Universities and colleges","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","World War, 1914-1918","Diaries"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Aeronautics","Universities and colleges","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","World War, 1914-1918","Diaries"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.75 Linear Feet 4 ft. 8 1/2 in. (9 document cases, 5 in. each); (3 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (1 artifact box, 4 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["4.75 Linear Feet 4 ft. 8 1/2 in. (9 document cases, 5 in. each); (3 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (1 artifact box, 4 in.)"],"genreform_ssim":["Diaries"],"date_range_isim":[1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the \u003ca href=\"https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLouis Bennett, Jr. became World War I's 12th ranked American flying ace. In his brief, meteoric career, he scored three aircraft and nine balloons in ten days, described by one author as \"undoubtedly, one of the most brilliant records of the air war\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLouis Bennett, Jr. was born 22 September 1894 in Weston, West Virginia, son of Louis Bennett and Sallie Maxwell Bennett. It was a West Virginia family of wealth and prominence. Growing up in Weston, he was described as bright, likeable, and headstrong, with mechanical inclinations. He had his own car and motorcycle when 12 years old, and is said to have frequently raised the dust on his town's dirt streets with best friend Paul Hoskins.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe attended Cutler and St. Luke's preparatory schools in Pennsylvania, entering Yale University in 1913. He was apparently active in athletics and popular with women.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterested in early aviation, Louis took pilot training from the Burgess Company at Marblehead, Massachusetts. In 1917 the Governor of West Virginia approved Louis Bennett's idea of a West Virginia Flying Corps, with intent of joining the unit to the United States Air Service. Refused by the US Army, the unit disbanded. Impatient to join the air war, Louis decided to join the British Royal Flying Corps, departing for Toronto on 5 October 1917 for training. Receiving his commission on 21 January 1918, he sailed for England.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArriving in London on 25 February, he was sent to Flying School, receiving his Graduation Certificate on 6 March. Stationed to No. 90 Squadron, a Home Defense unit of little action, Bennett became impatient and sought transfer to a fighting squadron on the Western Front. His efforts rewarded, Louis received assignment to No. 40 Squadron at Bryas on 21 July 1918, and flew his first offensive patrol on 30 July.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe fireworks really began on 15 August when Bennett began his impressive string of victories. After killing a German balloon on the 17th, Bennett caught \"balloon fever\". \"He (Bennett) immediately set out to down every captive balloon in the area and we were all talking about it in the squadron ... each of us knew he was expendable\". With his solo destruction of four balloons on 19 August, Louis Bennett had become an ace in the space of only four days!\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHis final sortie on the 24th cost the enemy two balloons before anti-aircraft brought his machine down in flames. Apparently the Germans so respected his courage that they burned their hands pulling him out of his burning aircraft. He died in a German field hospital at Wavrin, with burns from waist to neck, a head wound, and a broken leg, calling for his parents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003efor this biography was obtained from: Williams, George H. \"Louis Bennett, Jr.; No. 40 Squadron, RFC/RAF,\"\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCross \u0026amp; Cockade Journal\u003c/emph\u003e 21 (1980): 331-351.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Louis Bennett, Jr. became World War I's 12th ranked American flying ace. In his brief, meteoric career, he scored three aircraft and nine balloons in ten days, described by one author as \"undoubtedly, one of the most brilliant records of the air war\".","Louis Bennett, Jr. was born 22 September 1894 in Weston, West Virginia, son of Louis Bennett and Sallie Maxwell Bennett. It was a West Virginia family of wealth and prominence. Growing up in Weston, he was described as bright, likeable, and headstrong, with mechanical inclinations. He had his own car and motorcycle when 12 years old, and is said to have frequently raised the dust on his town's dirt streets with best friend Paul Hoskins.","He attended Cutler and St. Luke's preparatory schools in Pennsylvania, entering Yale University in 1913. He was apparently active in athletics and popular with women.","Interested in early aviation, Louis took pilot training from the Burgess Company at Marblehead, Massachusetts. In 1917 the Governor of West Virginia approved Louis Bennett's idea of a West Virginia Flying Corps, with intent of joining the unit to the United States Air Service. Refused by the US Army, the unit disbanded. Impatient to join the air war, Louis decided to join the British Royal Flying Corps, departing for Toronto on 5 October 1917 for training. Receiving his commission on 21 January 1918, he sailed for England.","Arriving in London on 25 February, he was sent to Flying School, receiving his Graduation Certificate on 6 March. Stationed to No. 90 Squadron, a Home Defense unit of little action, Bennett became impatient and sought transfer to a fighting squadron on the Western Front. His efforts rewarded, Louis received assignment to No. 40 Squadron at Bryas on 21 July 1918, and flew his first offensive patrol on 30 July.","The fireworks really began on 15 August when Bennett began his impressive string of victories. After killing a German balloon on the 17th, Bennett caught \"balloon fever\". \"He (Bennett) immediately set out to down every captive balloon in the area and we were all talking about it in the squadron ... each of us knew he was expendable\". With his solo destruction of four balloons on 19 August, Louis Bennett had become an ace in the space of only four days!","His final sortie on the 24th cost the enemy two balloons before anti-aircraft brought his machine down in flames. Apparently the Germans so respected his courage that they burned their hands pulling him out of his burning aircraft. He died in a German field hospital at Wavrin, with burns from waist to neck, a head wound, and a broken leg, calling for his parents.","for this biography was obtained from: Williams, George H. \"Louis Bennett, Jr.; No. 40 Squadron, RFC/RAF,\" Cross \u0026 Cockade Journal 21 (1980): 331-351."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Sallie Bennett Papers regarding World War I Flying Ace Louis Bennett, Jr., A\u0026amp;M 1590, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Sallie Bennett Papers regarding World War I Flying Ace Louis Bennett, Jr., A\u0026M 1590, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePersonal correspondence, legal and financial papers, diary, and newspaper clippings of Mrs. Sallie Maxwell Bennett of Weston, wife of Louis Bennett, Sr., the Democratic gubernatorial candidate in 1908. The collection concerns the career of her son, Louis Bennett, Jr., particularly his student days at Yale, his pioneer efforts to organize the West Virginia Flying Corps, his service in the Royal Air Force [RAF], and his subsequent death in World War I. Additional topics include Mrs. Bennett's effort to memorialize her son, family affairs, and a South American trip in 1915. Correspondents include Louis Bennett, Sr. and Jr., and John W. Davis.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee also C619 of Oral History Sound Archives, which contains one audio cassette and typed transcript of an interview with David B. McKinley by Wayne Sheets regarding the life and times of Sallie Maxwell Bennett. Louis Bennett, Jr. and Agra are discussed as well.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 1. Biographical Information; 1917-1919, 1980-ca. 2000 (includes facsimiles); box 1, folder 1.\u003c/emph\u003e Includes mostly photocopies of narrative information on the life of Louis Bennett, Jr. For more historical narrative of Louis Bennett, Jr. and the Bennett family, consult the Newspaper Clippings series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 2. General Correspondence; 1908-1917; box 1, folders 2-13.\u003c/emph\u003e Includes letters, telegrams, clippings, receipts, etc. Topics include family affairs, Yale College, and the West Virginia Flying Corps in 1917, among other subjects. Correspondents include primarily Mr. Louis Bennett, Mrs. Louis Bennett [Sallie], their son Louis Bennett, Jr., and daughter Agra.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 3. Outgoing Letters; 1917-1918; box 1, folders 14-18.\u003c/emph\u003e Includes primarily letters by Louis Bennett, Jr. on Royal Flying Corps and Royal Air Force [RAF] stationery describing adventures in London, military matters, impatience in Shotwick, and military life and combat on the Western Front as a pilot in the 40th Squadron, RAF.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 4. Incoming Letters; 1918; box 1, folder 19 - box 2, folder 3.\u003c/emph\u003e Includes letters, clippings, photographs, and other material. Letters are from Louis Bennett, Jr.'s immediate family, friends, fellow aviators, girl friends, and others regarding personal and military matters, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 5. General; 1914-1920, undated; box 2, folders 4-9.\u003c/emph\u003e Includes miscellaneous material regarding Louis Bennett, Jr., such as combat reports, personal ephemera, RAF Graduation Certificate, transit and burial permit, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 6. General Correspondence--Bennett Family; 1915-1926; box 2, folder 10 - box 7, folder 2.\u003c/emph\u003e Includes primarily letters to and from Mrs. Louis Bennett, but other family members as well, about the personal, financial, and legal affairs of the Bennett family. Many letters are testimonials and condolences regarding Louis Bennett, Jr. by his friends in England and the military. Correspondence after 1918 primarily documents Mrs. Louis Bennett's efforts in England and Europe to find the facts regarding her son's fate, and her efforts to memorialize her son and other aviators of WWI; for the latter, she corresponded with the British Air Ministry, among other military and governmental authorities. The variety of letterhead of US east coast, British Isles, and European hotels document a very peripatetic Mrs. Bennett. Letters are arranged in chronological order. Also includes a travel diary of Mrs. Bennett.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 7. Newspaper Clippings; 1914-1925, 1960 (includes facsimiles); box 7, folders 3-11.\u003c/emph\u003e Contains loose clippings and clippings in scrapbook pages which document both Louis Bennett, Jr. and the Bennett family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 8. Legal Papers; ca. 1918-1923; box 7, folder 12.\u003c/emph\u003e Includes information on deeds and power of attorney; also includes agreement with the sculptor Augustus Lukeman for \"heroic bronze statue\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 9. Financial Records; 1916-1926; box 7, folder 13 - box 8, folder 2.\u003c/emph\u003e Includes appraisement and other documents relating to the Louis Bennett estate, insurance records, real estate records, balance sheets, receipts, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 10. Publications; 1873-1882, 1907-1924; box 8, folders 3-5.\u003c/emph\u003e Includes books and periodicals, mostly material about Louis Bennett, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 11. Greeting Cards; 1920, undated; box 8, folder 6.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 12. Calling Cards/Business Cards; ca. 1910-1925; box 8, folder 7.\u003c/emph\u003e These cards appear to document primarily the personal and professional contacts of Mrs. Bennett, Louis Bennett, Jr.'s mother.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 13. Postcards; ca. 1910-1925; box 8, folder 8.\u003c/emph\u003e Includes photo postcards. Subjects include portraits, landscapes, and WWI images.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 14. Ephemera; 1899-1924, undated (includes facsimiles); box 9, folders 1-4.\u003c/emph\u003e Includes much Louis Bennett, Jr.-related material, such as his RAF Wallet (for wallet, see box 12).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 15. Photographs; 1904-1920, undated; box 9, folders 5-17.\u003c/emph\u003e Includes photographs, postcards, and negatives. Subjects include a diverse range of material recording Louis Bennett, Jr.'s involvement in WWI, as well as the Bennett family. Mrs. Bennett's 1915 trip to South America is extensively documented.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 16. Artifacts; 1890s-1925, undated; boxes 10-10a.\u003c/emph\u003e Includes checkbooks, a pin cushion, a sketchbook, newspaper clippings, a lock of hair, and other items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 17. Dissertation; 2009; box 11.\u003c/emph\u003e Contains Charles D. Dusch's \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eGreat War Aviation and Commemoration: Louis Bennett, Jr., Commander of the West Virginia Flying Corps\u003c/emph\u003e (also available as an electronic resource at WVU Libraries).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 18. Miscellaneous; ca. 1916-1919; box 12.\u003c/emph\u003e Contains glass plate negatives, Louis Bennett, Jr.'s RAF wallet, and his memo book.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Personal correspondence, legal and financial papers, diary, and newspaper clippings of Mrs. Sallie Maxwell Bennett of Weston, wife of Louis Bennett, Sr., the Democratic gubernatorial candidate in 1908. The collection concerns the career of her son, Louis Bennett, Jr., particularly his student days at Yale, his pioneer efforts to organize the West Virginia Flying Corps, his service in the Royal Air Force [RAF], and his subsequent death in World War I. Additional topics include Mrs. Bennett's effort to memorialize her son, family affairs, and a South American trip in 1915. Correspondents include Louis Bennett, Sr. and Jr., and John W. Davis.","See also C619 of Oral History Sound Archives, which contains one audio cassette and typed transcript of an interview with David B. McKinley by Wayne Sheets regarding the life and times of Sallie Maxwell Bennett. Louis Bennett, Jr. and Agra are discussed as well.","Series 1. Biographical Information; 1917-1919, 1980-ca. 2000 (includes facsimiles); box 1, folder 1. Includes mostly photocopies of narrative information on the life of Louis Bennett, Jr. For more historical narrative of Louis Bennett, Jr. and the Bennett family, consult the Newspaper Clippings series.","Series 2. General Correspondence; 1908-1917; box 1, folders 2-13. Includes letters, telegrams, clippings, receipts, etc. Topics include family affairs, Yale College, and the West Virginia Flying Corps in 1917, among other subjects. Correspondents include primarily Mr. Louis Bennett, Mrs. Louis Bennett [Sallie], their son Louis Bennett, Jr., and daughter Agra.","Series 3. Outgoing Letters; 1917-1918; box 1, folders 14-18. Includes primarily letters by Louis Bennett, Jr. on Royal Flying Corps and Royal Air Force [RAF] stationery describing adventures in London, military matters, impatience in Shotwick, and military life and combat on the Western Front as a pilot in the 40th Squadron, RAF.","Series 4. Incoming Letters; 1918; box 1, folder 19 - box 2, folder 3. Includes letters, clippings, photographs, and other material. Letters are from Louis Bennett, Jr.'s immediate family, friends, fellow aviators, girl friends, and others regarding personal and military matters, etc.","Series 5. General; 1914-1920, undated; box 2, folders 4-9. Includes miscellaneous material regarding Louis Bennett, Jr., such as combat reports, personal ephemera, RAF Graduation Certificate, transit and burial permit, etc.","Series 6. General Correspondence--Bennett Family; 1915-1926; box 2, folder 10 - box 7, folder 2. Includes primarily letters to and from Mrs. Louis Bennett, but other family members as well, about the personal, financial, and legal affairs of the Bennett family. Many letters are testimonials and condolences regarding Louis Bennett, Jr. by his friends in England and the military. Correspondence after 1918 primarily documents Mrs. Louis Bennett's efforts in England and Europe to find the facts regarding her son's fate, and her efforts to memorialize her son and other aviators of WWI; for the latter, she corresponded with the British Air Ministry, among other military and governmental authorities. The variety of letterhead of US east coast, British Isles, and European hotels document a very peripatetic Mrs. Bennett. Letters are arranged in chronological order. Also includes a travel diary of Mrs. Bennett.","Series 7. Newspaper Clippings; 1914-1925, 1960 (includes facsimiles); box 7, folders 3-11. Contains loose clippings and clippings in scrapbook pages which document both Louis Bennett, Jr. and the Bennett family.","Series 8. Legal Papers; ca. 1918-1923; box 7, folder 12. Includes information on deeds and power of attorney; also includes agreement with the sculptor Augustus Lukeman for \"heroic bronze statue\".","Series 9. Financial Records; 1916-1926; box 7, folder 13 - box 8, folder 2. Includes appraisement and other documents relating to the Louis Bennett estate, insurance records, real estate records, balance sheets, receipts, etc.","Series 10. Publications; 1873-1882, 1907-1924; box 8, folders 3-5. Includes books and periodicals, mostly material about Louis Bennett, Jr.","Series 11. Greeting Cards; 1920, undated; box 8, folder 6.","Series 12. Calling Cards/Business Cards; ca. 1910-1925; box 8, folder 7. These cards appear to document primarily the personal and professional contacts of Mrs. Bennett, Louis Bennett, Jr.'s mother.","Series 13. Postcards; ca. 1910-1925; box 8, folder 8. Includes photo postcards. Subjects include portraits, landscapes, and WWI images.","Series 14. Ephemera; 1899-1924, undated (includes facsimiles); box 9, folders 1-4. Includes much Louis Bennett, Jr.-related material, such as his RAF Wallet (for wallet, see box 12).","Series 15. Photographs; 1904-1920, undated; box 9, folders 5-17. Includes photographs, postcards, and negatives. Subjects include a diverse range of material recording Louis Bennett, Jr.'s involvement in WWI, as well as the Bennett family. Mrs. Bennett's 1915 trip to South America is extensively documented.","Series 16. Artifacts; 1890s-1925, undated; boxes 10-10a. Includes checkbooks, a pin cushion, a sketchbook, newspaper clippings, a lock of hair, and other items.","Series 17. Dissertation; 2009; box 11. Contains Charles D. Dusch's Great War Aviation and Commemoration: Louis Bennett, Jr., Commander of the West Virginia Flying Corps (also available as an electronic resource at WVU Libraries).","Series 18. Miscellaneous; ca. 1916-1919; box 12. Contains glass plate negatives, Louis Bennett, Jr.'s RAF wallet, and his memo book."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Weston Legionnaire\" (These publications can be found in the pamphlet collection, under \"P7253\".):\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nJune 1923; Vol. 1, No. 6\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nJuly 1923; Vol. 1, No. 7\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nOctober 1923; Vol. 1, No. 10\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nNovember 1923; Vol. 1, No. 11\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nMarch 1924; Vol. 2, No. 3\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nFebruary 1925; Vol. 3, No. 2\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nNovember 1926; Vol. 4, No. 11\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n\"Arrow Head Tribe, LSA [Lone Scouts of America]\"; Weston, WV (These publications can be found in the pamphlet collection, under \"P7459\".):\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nApril 1, 1920; Vol. 1, No. 1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nMay 1920; Vol. 2 [sic]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nJune 1920; Vol. 3 [sic]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe original photographs in the RAF Wallet have been moved to separate storage; they can be viewed in West Virginia History OnView by searching for \"1590\" combined with \"wallet\"; a facsimile set of all of these photographs have been inserted into box 9, folder 4.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nMost of the original print photographs documenting Lt. Louis Bennett and his involvement in WWI have been moved to separate storage; they can be viewed in West Virginia History OnView by searching for \"1590\"; a facsimile set has been inserted into box 9, folder 5.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["\"Weston Legionnaire\" (These publications can be found in the pamphlet collection, under \"P7253\".):","June 1923; Vol. 1, No. 6","July 1923; Vol. 1, No. 7","October 1923; Vol. 1, No. 10","November 1923; Vol. 1, No. 11","March 1924; Vol. 2, No. 3","February 1925; Vol. 3, No. 2","November 1926; Vol. 4, No. 11","\"Arrow Head Tribe, LSA [Lone Scouts of America]\"; Weston, WV (These publications can be found in the pamphlet collection, under \"P7459\".):","April 1, 1920; Vol. 1, No. 1","May 1920; Vol. 2 [sic]","June 1920; Vol. 3 [sic]","The original photographs in the RAF Wallet have been moved to separate storage; they can be viewed in West Virginia History OnView by searching for \"1590\" combined with \"wallet\"; a facsimile set of all of these photographs have been inserted into box 9, folder 4.","Most of the original print photographs documenting Lt. Louis Bennett and his involvement in WWI have been moved to separate storage; they can be viewed in West Virginia History OnView by searching for \"1590\"; a facsimile set has been inserted into box 9, folder 5."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_559a8f899597f97374baf924199d602a\"\u003ePersonal correspondence, legal and financial papers, diary, and newspaper clippings of Mrs. Sallie Maxwell Bennett of Weston, wife of Louis Bennett, Sr., the Democratic gubernatorial candidate in 1908. The collection concerns the career of her son, Louis Bennett, Jr., particularly his student days at Yale, his pioneer efforts to organize the West Virginia Flying Corps, his service in the Royal Air Force [RAF], and his subsequent death in World War I. Additional topics include Mrs. Bennett's effort to memorialize her son, family affairs, and a South American trip in 1915. Correspondents include Louis Bennett, Sr. and Jr., and John W. Davis.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Personal correspondence, legal and financial papers, diary, and newspaper clippings of Mrs. Sallie Maxwell Bennett of Weston, wife of Louis Bennett, Sr., the Democratic gubernatorial candidate in 1908. The collection concerns the career of her son, Louis Bennett, Jr., particularly his student days at Yale, his pioneer efforts to organize the West Virginia Flying Corps, his service in the Royal Air Force [RAF], and his subsequent death in World War I. Additional topics include Mrs. Bennett's effort to memorialize her son, family affairs, and a South American trip in 1915. Correspondents include Louis Bennett, Sr. and Jr., and John W. Davis."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_0dc2cfc9e41cca4898fce1c54b60f36b\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Yale University","Great Britain. Royal Air Force"],"names_coll_ssim":["Yale University","Great Britain. Royal Air Force","Bennett, Louis, Sr., 1849-1918","Bennett, Louis, Jr., 1894-1918","Bennett, Sallie Maxwell, 1857-1944","Davis, John W. (John William), 1873-1955"],"persname_ssim":["Bennett, Sallie Maxwell, 1857-1944","Bennett, Louis, Sr., 1849-1918","Bennett, Louis, Jr., 1894-1918","Davis, John W. (John William), 1873-1955"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Yale University","Great Britain. Royal Air Force","Bennett, Sallie Maxwell, 1857-1944","Bennett, Louis, Sr., 1849-1918","Bennett, Louis, Jr., 1894-1918","Davis, John W. (John William), 1873-1955"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":237,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:57:54.405Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4930","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4930","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4930","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4930","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_4930.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/198454","title_ssm":["Sallie Bennett Papers regarding World War I Flying Ace Louis Bennett, Jr."],"title_tesim":["Sallie Bennett Papers regarding World War I Flying Ace Louis Bennett, Jr."],"unitdate_ssm":["1873-2009","1904-1926"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1873-2009"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1904-1926"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1873/2009, bulk 1904/1926"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Sallie Bennett Papers regarding World War I Flying Ace Louis Bennett, Jr., 1873/2009, bulk 1904/1926"],"text":["Sallie Bennett Papers regarding World War I Flying Ace Louis Bennett, Jr., 1873/2009, bulk 1904/1926","A\u0026M 1590","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4930","South America","Westover (W. Va.)","Aeronautics","Universities and colleges","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","World War, 1914-1918","Diaries","No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department.","Louis Bennett, Jr. became World War I's 12th ranked American flying ace. In his brief, meteoric career, he scored three aircraft and nine balloons in ten days, described by one author as \"undoubtedly, one of the most brilliant records of the air war\".","Louis Bennett, Jr. was born 22 September 1894 in Weston, West Virginia, son of Louis Bennett and Sallie Maxwell Bennett. It was a West Virginia family of wealth and prominence. Growing up in Weston, he was described as bright, likeable, and headstrong, with mechanical inclinations. He had his own car and motorcycle when 12 years old, and is said to have frequently raised the dust on his town's dirt streets with best friend Paul Hoskins.","He attended Cutler and St. Luke's preparatory schools in Pennsylvania, entering Yale University in 1913. He was apparently active in athletics and popular with women.","Interested in early aviation, Louis took pilot training from the Burgess Company at Marblehead, Massachusetts. In 1917 the Governor of West Virginia approved Louis Bennett's idea of a West Virginia Flying Corps, with intent of joining the unit to the United States Air Service. Refused by the US Army, the unit disbanded. Impatient to join the air war, Louis decided to join the British Royal Flying Corps, departing for Toronto on 5 October 1917 for training. Receiving his commission on 21 January 1918, he sailed for England.","Arriving in London on 25 February, he was sent to Flying School, receiving his Graduation Certificate on 6 March. Stationed to No. 90 Squadron, a Home Defense unit of little action, Bennett became impatient and sought transfer to a fighting squadron on the Western Front. His efforts rewarded, Louis received assignment to No. 40 Squadron at Bryas on 21 July 1918, and flew his first offensive patrol on 30 July.","The fireworks really began on 15 August when Bennett began his impressive string of victories. After killing a German balloon on the 17th, Bennett caught \"balloon fever\". \"He (Bennett) immediately set out to down every captive balloon in the area and we were all talking about it in the squadron ... each of us knew he was expendable\". With his solo destruction of four balloons on 19 August, Louis Bennett had become an ace in the space of only four days!","His final sortie on the 24th cost the enemy two balloons before anti-aircraft brought his machine down in flames. Apparently the Germans so respected his courage that they burned their hands pulling him out of his burning aircraft. He died in a German field hospital at Wavrin, with burns from waist to neck, a head wound, and a broken leg, calling for his parents.","for this biography was obtained from: Williams, George H. \"Louis Bennett, Jr.; No. 40 Squadron, RFC/RAF,\" Cross \u0026 Cockade Journal 21 (1980): 331-351.","Personal correspondence, legal and financial papers, diary, and newspaper clippings of Mrs. Sallie Maxwell Bennett of Weston, wife of Louis Bennett, Sr., the Democratic gubernatorial candidate in 1908. The collection concerns the career of her son, Louis Bennett, Jr., particularly his student days at Yale, his pioneer efforts to organize the West Virginia Flying Corps, his service in the Royal Air Force [RAF], and his subsequent death in World War I. Additional topics include Mrs. Bennett's effort to memorialize her son, family affairs, and a South American trip in 1915. Correspondents include Louis Bennett, Sr. and Jr., and John W. Davis.","See also C619 of Oral History Sound Archives, which contains one audio cassette and typed transcript of an interview with David B. McKinley by Wayne Sheets regarding the life and times of Sallie Maxwell Bennett. Louis Bennett, Jr. and Agra are discussed as well.","Series 1. Biographical Information; 1917-1919, 1980-ca. 2000 (includes facsimiles); box 1, folder 1. Includes mostly photocopies of narrative information on the life of Louis Bennett, Jr. For more historical narrative of Louis Bennett, Jr. and the Bennett family, consult the Newspaper Clippings series.","Series 2. General Correspondence; 1908-1917; box 1, folders 2-13. Includes letters, telegrams, clippings, receipts, etc. Topics include family affairs, Yale College, and the West Virginia Flying Corps in 1917, among other subjects. Correspondents include primarily Mr. Louis Bennett, Mrs. Louis Bennett [Sallie], their son Louis Bennett, Jr., and daughter Agra.","Series 3. Outgoing Letters; 1917-1918; box 1, folders 14-18. Includes primarily letters by Louis Bennett, Jr. on Royal Flying Corps and Royal Air Force [RAF] stationery describing adventures in London, military matters, impatience in Shotwick, and military life and combat on the Western Front as a pilot in the 40th Squadron, RAF.","Series 4. Incoming Letters; 1918; box 1, folder 19 - box 2, folder 3. Includes letters, clippings, photographs, and other material. Letters are from Louis Bennett, Jr.'s immediate family, friends, fellow aviators, girl friends, and others regarding personal and military matters, etc.","Series 5. General; 1914-1920, undated; box 2, folders 4-9. Includes miscellaneous material regarding Louis Bennett, Jr., such as combat reports, personal ephemera, RAF Graduation Certificate, transit and burial permit, etc.","Series 6. General Correspondence--Bennett Family; 1915-1926; box 2, folder 10 - box 7, folder 2. Includes primarily letters to and from Mrs. Louis Bennett, but other family members as well, about the personal, financial, and legal affairs of the Bennett family. Many letters are testimonials and condolences regarding Louis Bennett, Jr. by his friends in England and the military. Correspondence after 1918 primarily documents Mrs. Louis Bennett's efforts in England and Europe to find the facts regarding her son's fate, and her efforts to memorialize her son and other aviators of WWI; for the latter, she corresponded with the British Air Ministry, among other military and governmental authorities. The variety of letterhead of US east coast, British Isles, and European hotels document a very peripatetic Mrs. Bennett. Letters are arranged in chronological order. Also includes a travel diary of Mrs. Bennett.","Series 7. Newspaper Clippings; 1914-1925, 1960 (includes facsimiles); box 7, folders 3-11. Contains loose clippings and clippings in scrapbook pages which document both Louis Bennett, Jr. and the Bennett family.","Series 8. Legal Papers; ca. 1918-1923; box 7, folder 12. Includes information on deeds and power of attorney; also includes agreement with the sculptor Augustus Lukeman for \"heroic bronze statue\".","Series 9. Financial Records; 1916-1926; box 7, folder 13 - box 8, folder 2. Includes appraisement and other documents relating to the Louis Bennett estate, insurance records, real estate records, balance sheets, receipts, etc.","Series 10. Publications; 1873-1882, 1907-1924; box 8, folders 3-5. Includes books and periodicals, mostly material about Louis Bennett, Jr.","Series 11. Greeting Cards; 1920, undated; box 8, folder 6.","Series 12. Calling Cards/Business Cards; ca. 1910-1925; box 8, folder 7. These cards appear to document primarily the personal and professional contacts of Mrs. Bennett, Louis Bennett, Jr.'s mother.","Series 13. Postcards; ca. 1910-1925; box 8, folder 8. Includes photo postcards. Subjects include portraits, landscapes, and WWI images.","Series 14. Ephemera; 1899-1924, undated (includes facsimiles); box 9, folders 1-4. Includes much Louis Bennett, Jr.-related material, such as his RAF Wallet (for wallet, see box 12).","Series 15. Photographs; 1904-1920, undated; box 9, folders 5-17. Includes photographs, postcards, and negatives. Subjects include a diverse range of material recording Louis Bennett, Jr.'s involvement in WWI, as well as the Bennett family. Mrs. Bennett's 1915 trip to South America is extensively documented.","Series 16. Artifacts; 1890s-1925, undated; boxes 10-10a. Includes checkbooks, a pin cushion, a sketchbook, newspaper clippings, a lock of hair, and other items.","Series 17. Dissertation; 2009; box 11. Contains Charles D. Dusch's Great War Aviation and Commemoration: Louis Bennett, Jr., Commander of the West Virginia Flying Corps (also available as an electronic resource at WVU Libraries).","Series 18. Miscellaneous; ca. 1916-1919; box 12. Contains glass plate negatives, Louis Bennett, Jr.'s RAF wallet, and his memo book.","\"Weston Legionnaire\" (These publications can be found in the pamphlet collection, under \"P7253\".):","June 1923; Vol. 1, No. 6","July 1923; Vol. 1, No. 7","October 1923; Vol. 1, No. 10","November 1923; Vol. 1, No. 11","March 1924; Vol. 2, No. 3","February 1925; Vol. 3, No. 2","November 1926; Vol. 4, No. 11","\"Arrow Head Tribe, LSA [Lone Scouts of America]\"; Weston, WV (These publications can be found in the pamphlet collection, under \"P7459\".):","April 1, 1920; Vol. 1, No. 1","May 1920; Vol. 2 [sic]","June 1920; Vol. 3 [sic]","The original photographs in the RAF Wallet have been moved to separate storage; they can be viewed in West Virginia History OnView by searching for \"1590\" combined with \"wallet\"; a facsimile set of all of these photographs have been inserted into box 9, folder 4.","Most of the original print photographs documenting Lt. Louis Bennett and his involvement in WWI have been moved to separate storage; they can be viewed in West Virginia History OnView by searching for \"1590\"; a facsimile set has been inserted into box 9, folder 5.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Personal correspondence, legal and financial papers, diary, and newspaper clippings of Mrs. Sallie Maxwell Bennett of Weston, wife of Louis Bennett, Sr., the Democratic gubernatorial candidate in 1908. The collection concerns the career of her son, Louis Bennett, Jr., particularly his student days at Yale, his pioneer efforts to organize the West Virginia Flying Corps, his service in the Royal Air Force [RAF], and his subsequent death in World War I. Additional topics include Mrs. Bennett's effort to memorialize her son, family affairs, and a South American trip in 1915. Correspondents include Louis Bennett, Sr. and Jr., and John W. Davis.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Yale University","Great Britain. Royal Air Force","Bennett, Sallie Maxwell, 1857-1944","Bennett, Louis, Sr., 1849-1918","Bennett, Louis, Jr., 1894-1918","Davis, John W. (John William), 1873-1955","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Sallie Bennett Papers regarding World War I Flying Ace Louis Bennett, Jr., 1873/2009, bulk 1904/1926"],"collection_ssim":["Sallie Bennett Papers regarding World War I Flying Ace Louis Bennett, Jr., 1873/2009, bulk 1904/1926"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 1590","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4930"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 1590","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4930"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["South America","Westover (W. Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["South America","Westover (W. Va.)"],"places_ssim":["South America","Westover (W. Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Bennett, Sallie Maxwell, 1857-1944"],"creator_ssim":["Bennett, Sallie Maxwell, 1857-1944"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bennett, Sallie Maxwell, 1857-1944","Bennett, Louis, Sr., 1849-1918","Bennett, Louis, Jr., 1894-1918","Davis, John W. (John William), 1873-1955"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Yale University","Great Britain. Royal Air Force"],"creators_ssim":["Bennett, Sallie Maxwell, 1857-1944","Bennett, Louis, Sr., 1849-1918","Bennett, Louis, Jr., 1894-1918","Davis, John W. (John William), 1873-1955","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Yale University","Great Britain. Royal Air Force"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Aeronautics","Universities and colleges","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","World War, 1914-1918","Diaries"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Aeronautics","Universities and colleges","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","World War, 1914-1918","Diaries"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.75 Linear Feet 4 ft. 8 1/2 in. (9 document cases, 5 in. each); (3 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (1 artifact box, 4 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["4.75 Linear Feet 4 ft. 8 1/2 in. (9 document cases, 5 in. each); (3 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (1 artifact box, 4 in.)"],"genreform_ssim":["Diaries"],"date_range_isim":[1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the \u003ca href=\"https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLouis Bennett, Jr. became World War I's 12th ranked American flying ace. In his brief, meteoric career, he scored three aircraft and nine balloons in ten days, described by one author as \"undoubtedly, one of the most brilliant records of the air war\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLouis Bennett, Jr. was born 22 September 1894 in Weston, West Virginia, son of Louis Bennett and Sallie Maxwell Bennett. It was a West Virginia family of wealth and prominence. Growing up in Weston, he was described as bright, likeable, and headstrong, with mechanical inclinations. He had his own car and motorcycle when 12 years old, and is said to have frequently raised the dust on his town's dirt streets with best friend Paul Hoskins.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe attended Cutler and St. Luke's preparatory schools in Pennsylvania, entering Yale University in 1913. He was apparently active in athletics and popular with women.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterested in early aviation, Louis took pilot training from the Burgess Company at Marblehead, Massachusetts. In 1917 the Governor of West Virginia approved Louis Bennett's idea of a West Virginia Flying Corps, with intent of joining the unit to the United States Air Service. Refused by the US Army, the unit disbanded. Impatient to join the air war, Louis decided to join the British Royal Flying Corps, departing for Toronto on 5 October 1917 for training. Receiving his commission on 21 January 1918, he sailed for England.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArriving in London on 25 February, he was sent to Flying School, receiving his Graduation Certificate on 6 March. Stationed to No. 90 Squadron, a Home Defense unit of little action, Bennett became impatient and sought transfer to a fighting squadron on the Western Front. His efforts rewarded, Louis received assignment to No. 40 Squadron at Bryas on 21 July 1918, and flew his first offensive patrol on 30 July.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe fireworks really began on 15 August when Bennett began his impressive string of victories. After killing a German balloon on the 17th, Bennett caught \"balloon fever\". \"He (Bennett) immediately set out to down every captive balloon in the area and we were all talking about it in the squadron ... each of us knew he was expendable\". With his solo destruction of four balloons on 19 August, Louis Bennett had become an ace in the space of only four days!\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHis final sortie on the 24th cost the enemy two balloons before anti-aircraft brought his machine down in flames. Apparently the Germans so respected his courage that they burned their hands pulling him out of his burning aircraft. He died in a German field hospital at Wavrin, with burns from waist to neck, a head wound, and a broken leg, calling for his parents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003efor this biography was obtained from: Williams, George H. \"Louis Bennett, Jr.; No. 40 Squadron, RFC/RAF,\"\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCross \u0026amp; Cockade Journal\u003c/emph\u003e 21 (1980): 331-351.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Louis Bennett, Jr. became World War I's 12th ranked American flying ace. In his brief, meteoric career, he scored three aircraft and nine balloons in ten days, described by one author as \"undoubtedly, one of the most brilliant records of the air war\".","Louis Bennett, Jr. was born 22 September 1894 in Weston, West Virginia, son of Louis Bennett and Sallie Maxwell Bennett. It was a West Virginia family of wealth and prominence. Growing up in Weston, he was described as bright, likeable, and headstrong, with mechanical inclinations. He had his own car and motorcycle when 12 years old, and is said to have frequently raised the dust on his town's dirt streets with best friend Paul Hoskins.","He attended Cutler and St. Luke's preparatory schools in Pennsylvania, entering Yale University in 1913. He was apparently active in athletics and popular with women.","Interested in early aviation, Louis took pilot training from the Burgess Company at Marblehead, Massachusetts. In 1917 the Governor of West Virginia approved Louis Bennett's idea of a West Virginia Flying Corps, with intent of joining the unit to the United States Air Service. Refused by the US Army, the unit disbanded. Impatient to join the air war, Louis decided to join the British Royal Flying Corps, departing for Toronto on 5 October 1917 for training. Receiving his commission on 21 January 1918, he sailed for England.","Arriving in London on 25 February, he was sent to Flying School, receiving his Graduation Certificate on 6 March. Stationed to No. 90 Squadron, a Home Defense unit of little action, Bennett became impatient and sought transfer to a fighting squadron on the Western Front. His efforts rewarded, Louis received assignment to No. 40 Squadron at Bryas on 21 July 1918, and flew his first offensive patrol on 30 July.","The fireworks really began on 15 August when Bennett began his impressive string of victories. After killing a German balloon on the 17th, Bennett caught \"balloon fever\". \"He (Bennett) immediately set out to down every captive balloon in the area and we were all talking about it in the squadron ... each of us knew he was expendable\". With his solo destruction of four balloons on 19 August, Louis Bennett had become an ace in the space of only four days!","His final sortie on the 24th cost the enemy two balloons before anti-aircraft brought his machine down in flames. Apparently the Germans so respected his courage that they burned their hands pulling him out of his burning aircraft. He died in a German field hospital at Wavrin, with burns from waist to neck, a head wound, and a broken leg, calling for his parents.","for this biography was obtained from: Williams, George H. \"Louis Bennett, Jr.; No. 40 Squadron, RFC/RAF,\" Cross \u0026 Cockade Journal 21 (1980): 331-351."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Sallie Bennett Papers regarding World War I Flying Ace Louis Bennett, Jr., A\u0026amp;M 1590, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Sallie Bennett Papers regarding World War I Flying Ace Louis Bennett, Jr., A\u0026M 1590, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePersonal correspondence, legal and financial papers, diary, and newspaper clippings of Mrs. Sallie Maxwell Bennett of Weston, wife of Louis Bennett, Sr., the Democratic gubernatorial candidate in 1908. The collection concerns the career of her son, Louis Bennett, Jr., particularly his student days at Yale, his pioneer efforts to organize the West Virginia Flying Corps, his service in the Royal Air Force [RAF], and his subsequent death in World War I. Additional topics include Mrs. Bennett's effort to memorialize her son, family affairs, and a South American trip in 1915. Correspondents include Louis Bennett, Sr. and Jr., and John W. Davis.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee also C619 of Oral History Sound Archives, which contains one audio cassette and typed transcript of an interview with David B. McKinley by Wayne Sheets regarding the life and times of Sallie Maxwell Bennett. Louis Bennett, Jr. and Agra are discussed as well.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 1. Biographical Information; 1917-1919, 1980-ca. 2000 (includes facsimiles); box 1, folder 1.\u003c/emph\u003e Includes mostly photocopies of narrative information on the life of Louis Bennett, Jr. For more historical narrative of Louis Bennett, Jr. and the Bennett family, consult the Newspaper Clippings series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 2. General Correspondence; 1908-1917; box 1, folders 2-13.\u003c/emph\u003e Includes letters, telegrams, clippings, receipts, etc. Topics include family affairs, Yale College, and the West Virginia Flying Corps in 1917, among other subjects. Correspondents include primarily Mr. Louis Bennett, Mrs. Louis Bennett [Sallie], their son Louis Bennett, Jr., and daughter Agra.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 3. Outgoing Letters; 1917-1918; box 1, folders 14-18.\u003c/emph\u003e Includes primarily letters by Louis Bennett, Jr. on Royal Flying Corps and Royal Air Force [RAF] stationery describing adventures in London, military matters, impatience in Shotwick, and military life and combat on the Western Front as a pilot in the 40th Squadron, RAF.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 4. Incoming Letters; 1918; box 1, folder 19 - box 2, folder 3.\u003c/emph\u003e Includes letters, clippings, photographs, and other material. Letters are from Louis Bennett, Jr.'s immediate family, friends, fellow aviators, girl friends, and others regarding personal and military matters, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 5. General; 1914-1920, undated; box 2, folders 4-9.\u003c/emph\u003e Includes miscellaneous material regarding Louis Bennett, Jr., such as combat reports, personal ephemera, RAF Graduation Certificate, transit and burial permit, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 6. General Correspondence--Bennett Family; 1915-1926; box 2, folder 10 - box 7, folder 2.\u003c/emph\u003e Includes primarily letters to and from Mrs. Louis Bennett, but other family members as well, about the personal, financial, and legal affairs of the Bennett family. Many letters are testimonials and condolences regarding Louis Bennett, Jr. by his friends in England and the military. Correspondence after 1918 primarily documents Mrs. Louis Bennett's efforts in England and Europe to find the facts regarding her son's fate, and her efforts to memorialize her son and other aviators of WWI; for the latter, she corresponded with the British Air Ministry, among other military and governmental authorities. The variety of letterhead of US east coast, British Isles, and European hotels document a very peripatetic Mrs. Bennett. Letters are arranged in chronological order. Also includes a travel diary of Mrs. Bennett.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 7. Newspaper Clippings; 1914-1925, 1960 (includes facsimiles); box 7, folders 3-11.\u003c/emph\u003e Contains loose clippings and clippings in scrapbook pages which document both Louis Bennett, Jr. and the Bennett family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 8. Legal Papers; ca. 1918-1923; box 7, folder 12.\u003c/emph\u003e Includes information on deeds and power of attorney; also includes agreement with the sculptor Augustus Lukeman for \"heroic bronze statue\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 9. Financial Records; 1916-1926; box 7, folder 13 - box 8, folder 2.\u003c/emph\u003e Includes appraisement and other documents relating to the Louis Bennett estate, insurance records, real estate records, balance sheets, receipts, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 10. Publications; 1873-1882, 1907-1924; box 8, folders 3-5.\u003c/emph\u003e Includes books and periodicals, mostly material about Louis Bennett, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 11. Greeting Cards; 1920, undated; box 8, folder 6.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 12. Calling Cards/Business Cards; ca. 1910-1925; box 8, folder 7.\u003c/emph\u003e These cards appear to document primarily the personal and professional contacts of Mrs. Bennett, Louis Bennett, Jr.'s mother.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 13. Postcards; ca. 1910-1925; box 8, folder 8.\u003c/emph\u003e Includes photo postcards. Subjects include portraits, landscapes, and WWI images.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 14. Ephemera; 1899-1924, undated (includes facsimiles); box 9, folders 1-4.\u003c/emph\u003e Includes much Louis Bennett, Jr.-related material, such as his RAF Wallet (for wallet, see box 12).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 15. Photographs; 1904-1920, undated; box 9, folders 5-17.\u003c/emph\u003e Includes photographs, postcards, and negatives. Subjects include a diverse range of material recording Louis Bennett, Jr.'s involvement in WWI, as well as the Bennett family. Mrs. Bennett's 1915 trip to South America is extensively documented.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 16. Artifacts; 1890s-1925, undated; boxes 10-10a.\u003c/emph\u003e Includes checkbooks, a pin cushion, a sketchbook, newspaper clippings, a lock of hair, and other items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 17. Dissertation; 2009; box 11.\u003c/emph\u003e Contains Charles D. Dusch's \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eGreat War Aviation and Commemoration: Louis Bennett, Jr., Commander of the West Virginia Flying Corps\u003c/emph\u003e (also available as an electronic resource at WVU Libraries).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 18. Miscellaneous; ca. 1916-1919; box 12.\u003c/emph\u003e Contains glass plate negatives, Louis Bennett, Jr.'s RAF wallet, and his memo book.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Personal correspondence, legal and financial papers, diary, and newspaper clippings of Mrs. Sallie Maxwell Bennett of Weston, wife of Louis Bennett, Sr., the Democratic gubernatorial candidate in 1908. The collection concerns the career of her son, Louis Bennett, Jr., particularly his student days at Yale, his pioneer efforts to organize the West Virginia Flying Corps, his service in the Royal Air Force [RAF], and his subsequent death in World War I. Additional topics include Mrs. Bennett's effort to memorialize her son, family affairs, and a South American trip in 1915. Correspondents include Louis Bennett, Sr. and Jr., and John W. Davis.","See also C619 of Oral History Sound Archives, which contains one audio cassette and typed transcript of an interview with David B. McKinley by Wayne Sheets regarding the life and times of Sallie Maxwell Bennett. Louis Bennett, Jr. and Agra are discussed as well.","Series 1. Biographical Information; 1917-1919, 1980-ca. 2000 (includes facsimiles); box 1, folder 1. Includes mostly photocopies of narrative information on the life of Louis Bennett, Jr. For more historical narrative of Louis Bennett, Jr. and the Bennett family, consult the Newspaper Clippings series.","Series 2. General Correspondence; 1908-1917; box 1, folders 2-13. Includes letters, telegrams, clippings, receipts, etc. Topics include family affairs, Yale College, and the West Virginia Flying Corps in 1917, among other subjects. Correspondents include primarily Mr. Louis Bennett, Mrs. Louis Bennett [Sallie], their son Louis Bennett, Jr., and daughter Agra.","Series 3. Outgoing Letters; 1917-1918; box 1, folders 14-18. Includes primarily letters by Louis Bennett, Jr. on Royal Flying Corps and Royal Air Force [RAF] stationery describing adventures in London, military matters, impatience in Shotwick, and military life and combat on the Western Front as a pilot in the 40th Squadron, RAF.","Series 4. Incoming Letters; 1918; box 1, folder 19 - box 2, folder 3. Includes letters, clippings, photographs, and other material. Letters are from Louis Bennett, Jr.'s immediate family, friends, fellow aviators, girl friends, and others regarding personal and military matters, etc.","Series 5. General; 1914-1920, undated; box 2, folders 4-9. Includes miscellaneous material regarding Louis Bennett, Jr., such as combat reports, personal ephemera, RAF Graduation Certificate, transit and burial permit, etc.","Series 6. General Correspondence--Bennett Family; 1915-1926; box 2, folder 10 - box 7, folder 2. Includes primarily letters to and from Mrs. Louis Bennett, but other family members as well, about the personal, financial, and legal affairs of the Bennett family. Many letters are testimonials and condolences regarding Louis Bennett, Jr. by his friends in England and the military. Correspondence after 1918 primarily documents Mrs. Louis Bennett's efforts in England and Europe to find the facts regarding her son's fate, and her efforts to memorialize her son and other aviators of WWI; for the latter, she corresponded with the British Air Ministry, among other military and governmental authorities. The variety of letterhead of US east coast, British Isles, and European hotels document a very peripatetic Mrs. Bennett. Letters are arranged in chronological order. Also includes a travel diary of Mrs. Bennett.","Series 7. Newspaper Clippings; 1914-1925, 1960 (includes facsimiles); box 7, folders 3-11. Contains loose clippings and clippings in scrapbook pages which document both Louis Bennett, Jr. and the Bennett family.","Series 8. Legal Papers; ca. 1918-1923; box 7, folder 12. Includes information on deeds and power of attorney; also includes agreement with the sculptor Augustus Lukeman for \"heroic bronze statue\".","Series 9. Financial Records; 1916-1926; box 7, folder 13 - box 8, folder 2. Includes appraisement and other documents relating to the Louis Bennett estate, insurance records, real estate records, balance sheets, receipts, etc.","Series 10. Publications; 1873-1882, 1907-1924; box 8, folders 3-5. Includes books and periodicals, mostly material about Louis Bennett, Jr.","Series 11. Greeting Cards; 1920, undated; box 8, folder 6.","Series 12. Calling Cards/Business Cards; ca. 1910-1925; box 8, folder 7. These cards appear to document primarily the personal and professional contacts of Mrs. Bennett, Louis Bennett, Jr.'s mother.","Series 13. Postcards; ca. 1910-1925; box 8, folder 8. Includes photo postcards. Subjects include portraits, landscapes, and WWI images.","Series 14. Ephemera; 1899-1924, undated (includes facsimiles); box 9, folders 1-4. Includes much Louis Bennett, Jr.-related material, such as his RAF Wallet (for wallet, see box 12).","Series 15. Photographs; 1904-1920, undated; box 9, folders 5-17. Includes photographs, postcards, and negatives. Subjects include a diverse range of material recording Louis Bennett, Jr.'s involvement in WWI, as well as the Bennett family. Mrs. Bennett's 1915 trip to South America is extensively documented.","Series 16. Artifacts; 1890s-1925, undated; boxes 10-10a. Includes checkbooks, a pin cushion, a sketchbook, newspaper clippings, a lock of hair, and other items.","Series 17. Dissertation; 2009; box 11. Contains Charles D. Dusch's Great War Aviation and Commemoration: Louis Bennett, Jr., Commander of the West Virginia Flying Corps (also available as an electronic resource at WVU Libraries).","Series 18. Miscellaneous; ca. 1916-1919; box 12. Contains glass plate negatives, Louis Bennett, Jr.'s RAF wallet, and his memo book."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Weston Legionnaire\" (These publications can be found in the pamphlet collection, under \"P7253\".):\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nJune 1923; Vol. 1, No. 6\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nJuly 1923; Vol. 1, No. 7\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nOctober 1923; Vol. 1, No. 10\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nNovember 1923; Vol. 1, No. 11\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nMarch 1924; Vol. 2, No. 3\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nFebruary 1925; Vol. 3, No. 2\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nNovember 1926; Vol. 4, No. 11\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n\"Arrow Head Tribe, LSA [Lone Scouts of America]\"; Weston, WV (These publications can be found in the pamphlet collection, under \"P7459\".):\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nApril 1, 1920; Vol. 1, No. 1\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nMay 1920; Vol. 2 [sic]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nJune 1920; Vol. 3 [sic]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe original photographs in the RAF Wallet have been moved to separate storage; they can be viewed in West Virginia History OnView by searching for \"1590\" combined with \"wallet\"; a facsimile set of all of these photographs have been inserted into box 9, folder 4.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nMost of the original print photographs documenting Lt. Louis Bennett and his involvement in WWI have been moved to separate storage; they can be viewed in West Virginia History OnView by searching for \"1590\"; a facsimile set has been inserted into box 9, folder 5.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["\"Weston Legionnaire\" (These publications can be found in the pamphlet collection, under \"P7253\".):","June 1923; Vol. 1, No. 6","July 1923; Vol. 1, No. 7","October 1923; Vol. 1, No. 10","November 1923; Vol. 1, No. 11","March 1924; Vol. 2, No. 3","February 1925; Vol. 3, No. 2","November 1926; Vol. 4, No. 11","\"Arrow Head Tribe, LSA [Lone Scouts of America]\"; Weston, WV (These publications can be found in the pamphlet collection, under \"P7459\".):","April 1, 1920; Vol. 1, No. 1","May 1920; Vol. 2 [sic]","June 1920; Vol. 3 [sic]","The original photographs in the RAF Wallet have been moved to separate storage; they can be viewed in West Virginia History OnView by searching for \"1590\" combined with \"wallet\"; a facsimile set of all of these photographs have been inserted into box 9, folder 4.","Most of the original print photographs documenting Lt. Louis Bennett and his involvement in WWI have been moved to separate storage; they can be viewed in West Virginia History OnView by searching for \"1590\"; a facsimile set has been inserted into box 9, folder 5."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_559a8f899597f97374baf924199d602a\"\u003ePersonal correspondence, legal and financial papers, diary, and newspaper clippings of Mrs. Sallie Maxwell Bennett of Weston, wife of Louis Bennett, Sr., the Democratic gubernatorial candidate in 1908. The collection concerns the career of her son, Louis Bennett, Jr., particularly his student days at Yale, his pioneer efforts to organize the West Virginia Flying Corps, his service in the Royal Air Force [RAF], and his subsequent death in World War I. Additional topics include Mrs. Bennett's effort to memorialize her son, family affairs, and a South American trip in 1915. Correspondents include Louis Bennett, Sr. and Jr., and John W. Davis.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Personal correspondence, legal and financial papers, diary, and newspaper clippings of Mrs. Sallie Maxwell Bennett of Weston, wife of Louis Bennett, Sr., the Democratic gubernatorial candidate in 1908. The collection concerns the career of her son, Louis Bennett, Jr., particularly his student days at Yale, his pioneer efforts to organize the West Virginia Flying Corps, his service in the Royal Air Force [RAF], and his subsequent death in World War I. Additional topics include Mrs. Bennett's effort to memorialize her son, family affairs, and a South American trip in 1915. Correspondents include Louis Bennett, Sr. and Jr., and John W. Davis."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_0dc2cfc9e41cca4898fce1c54b60f36b\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Yale University","Great Britain. Royal Air Force"],"names_coll_ssim":["Yale University","Great Britain. Royal Air Force","Bennett, Louis, Sr., 1849-1918","Bennett, Louis, Jr., 1894-1918","Bennett, Sallie Maxwell, 1857-1944","Davis, John W. (John William), 1873-1955"],"persname_ssim":["Bennett, Sallie Maxwell, 1857-1944","Bennett, Louis, Sr., 1849-1918","Bennett, Louis, Jr., 1894-1918","Davis, John W. (John William), 1873-1955"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Yale University","Great Britain. Royal Air Force","Bennett, Sallie Maxwell, 1857-1944","Bennett, Louis, Sr., 1849-1918","Bennett, Louis, Jr., 1894-1918","Davis, John W. (John William), 1873-1955"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":237,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:57:54.405Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4930"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5461","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Samuel T. Wiley (1850-1905) Papers, 1872/1905","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5461#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Wiley, Samuel T.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5461#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Letters, notebooks, scrapbooks, diaries, manuscripts, and memorabilia of a secondary schoolteacher in Fayette County, Pennsylvania, and Preston County, and an author and local historian of Preston and Monongalia counties in West Virginia. 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Wiley (1850-1905) Papers"],"title_tesim":["Samuel T. Wiley (1850-1905) Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1872-1905"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1872-1905"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1872/1905"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Samuel T. Wiley (1850-1905) Papers, 1872/1905"],"text":["Samuel T. Wiley (1850-1905) Papers, 1872/1905","A\u0026M 1842","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5461","Fayette County (Pa.)","Monongalia County (W. Va.)","Preston County (W. Va.)","Authors -- Letters and papers","Diaries and journals.","Education","Genealogy","Freemasons","Teachers","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Slaves and slavery.","Universities and colleges","No special access restriction applies.","Separated to the map collection:","1. Geological Map of the United States; 1872; 16 1/2 in. x 34 in.","2. Geological Map of York County Pennsylvania; 1879; 21 in. x 26 in.","3. Map Showing Various Purchases From the Delaware River to the Ohio; ca. 1800; 6 in. x 9 in.","4. Map of the United States Showing States and Territories; ca. 1887; 11 in. x 13 1/2 in.","5. Map of West Virginia Showing State Routes and the More Important County-District Roads; ca. 1931; 22 in. x 24 1/2 in.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Letters, notebooks, scrapbooks, diaries, manuscripts, and memorabilia of a secondary schoolteacher in Fayette County, Pennsylvania, and Preston County, and an author and local historian of Preston and Monongalia counties in West Virginia. 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Wiley (1850-1905) Papers, A\u0026amp;M 1842, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Samuel T. Wiley (1850-1905) Papers, A\u0026M 1842, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeparated to the map collection:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1. Geological Map of the United States; 1872; 16 1/2 in. x 34 in.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2. Geological Map of York County Pennsylvania; 1879; 21 in. x 26 in.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3. Map Showing Various Purchases From the Delaware River to the Ohio; ca. 1800; 6 in. x 9 in.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4. Map of the United States Showing States and Territories; ca. 1887; 11 in. x 13 1/2 in.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e5. 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For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ac466449070857f1e2ad37b9c681d676\"\u003eLetters, notebooks, scrapbooks, diaries, manuscripts, and memorabilia of a secondary schoolteacher in Fayette County, Pennsylvania, and Preston County, and an author and local historian of Preston and Monongalia counties in West Virginia. 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The collection includes notes on history, orthography, new method arithmetic, two teachers report books of 1872-1885 and 1879-1880, teachers' certificates, a Wiley family genealogy, manuscripts on slavery, Odd Fellowship, public schools, after-dinner speeches, history of the United States, short stories, assorted sayings and aphorisms, notes for a history of Fayette County, Pennsylvania, a biographical sketch of Wiley and copies from his diaries and works, and an autograph book and information on Monongahela College at Jefferson, Pennsylvania.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Letters, notebooks, scrapbooks, diaries, manuscripts, and memorabilia of a secondary schoolteacher in Fayette County, Pennsylvania, and Preston County, and an author and local historian of Preston and Monongalia counties in West Virginia. 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Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Independent Order of Odd Fellows","Monongahela College"],"names_coll_ssim":["Independent Order of Odd Fellows","Monongahela College","Wiley family","Wiley, Samuel T."],"famname_ssim":["Wiley family"],"persname_ssim":["Wiley, Samuel T."],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Independent Order of Odd Fellows","Monongahela College","Wiley family","Wiley, Samuel T."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:58:09.942Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5461"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, 1865/1960, bulk 1930/1950","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Storer College","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eRecords of Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry. This collection contains mainly administrative and operational records of the college. Types of records include annual reports, publications, memorabilia, artifacts, and other material. This collection includes material regarding John Brown's Fort.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_4566.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/198177","title_ssm":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records"],"title_tesim":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1865-1960","1930s-1950s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1865-1960"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1930s-1950s"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1865/1960, bulk 1930/1950"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, 1865/1960, bulk 1930/1950"],"text":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, 1865/1960, bulk 1930/1950","A\u0026M 1322","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4566","Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","West Virginia -- Race relations","Account books","African Americans  -- Education (Higher)","African Americans - Schools for Freedmen.","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- Appalachian Region","Brown, John -- Fort-Museum","Builders and contractors.","Baptists","Education","Ephemera.","Freedmen's Schools.","Jefferson County - Schools.","Ledgers.","Missionaries","Newspapers.","Photographs.","Schools - Jefferson County.","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Teachers' letters and papers.","Universities and colleges","Women --  Education","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- 1929-1950","Women's history -- 1951-present","World War, 1914-1918 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1914-1918","No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department.","Storer College of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, emerged from the aftermath of the Civil War with the purpose of educating former slaves who were now facing the world with few skills and no education. It began in 1865 as a school in the Lockwood House, a private residence, with the support of the Freewill Baptist Home Mission Society of New England under Reverend Nathan Cook Brackett; in 1867 it officially became Storer Normal School, with the mission of training teachers; and in 1938 Storer became a College. The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.","Although there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.","The philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.","In the beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry.","Though Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.","In addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagra Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagra Movement.","[This historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia.]","1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621","Records of Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry. This collection contains mainly administrative and operational records of the college. Types of records include annual reports, publications, memorabilia, artifacts, and other material. This collection includes material regarding John Brown's Fort.","The collection is organized into eighteen series, including:","Series 1. Correspondence; 1865-1953; boxes 1a-61 (73 containers)\nSeries 2. Miscellaneous Correspondence; 1892-1957, undated; boxes 62-72 (14 containers)\nSeries 3. Individual Correspondence; 1920s-1950s; boxes 73-85b (25 containers)\nSeries 4. President's Reports; 1907-1955; box 86a, folders 1a-4 (partial container)\nSeries 5. Board of Trustees; 1926-1960; box 86a, folder 5-box 87b, folder 2b (2 containers, 2 partial containers).\nSeries 6. Dean of Women Reports; 1939-1944; box 87b, folder 3 (partial container)\nSeries 7. Executive Committee; 1924-1957; box 88a - box 88b, folder 1 (1 container, 1 partial container)\nSeries 8. Woman's Commission; 1937-1948; box 88b, folder 2 (partial container)\nSeries 9. By-Laws; 1867-1953; box 88b, folders 3-4 (partial container)\nSeries 10. Faculty; 1940s-1950s; boxes 89-90 (2 containers)\nSeries 11. Printed Material; 1920s-1950s; boxes 91-92 (2 containers)\nSeries 12. Student Records; 1890s-1950s; boxes 93a-122, 137-138 (35 containers)\nSeries 13. Financial Records; 1867-1956, undated; boxes 123a-136, 139-159, 164-169 (45 containers)\nSeries 14. Miscellaneous; 1884-1950s, undated; boxes 159-162, 175 (4 containers, 1 partial container)\nSeries 15. Newspaper -- Storer Record; 1892-1943; box 163 and microfilm reel (2 containers)\nSeries 16. Scrapbooks; 1870-1941; boxes 170-172b (4 containers)\nSeries 17. Alumni flags; undated; box 173 (partial container)\nSeries 18. Oversize; 1916-1952; box 174 (1 container)","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","New England Free Will Baptist Association","United States. Veterans Administration","Ball, George H.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","Stewart, I.D.","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, 1865/1960, bulk 1930/1950"],"collection_ssim":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, 1865/1960, bulk 1930/1950"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 1322","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4566"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 1322","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4566"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","West Virginia -- Race relations"],"geogname_ssim":["Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","West Virginia -- Race relations"],"places_ssim":["Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","West Virginia -- Race relations"],"creator_ssm":["Storer College"],"creator_ssim":["Storer College"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Ball, George H.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","Stewart, I.D."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","New England Free Will Baptist Association","United States. Veterans Administration"],"creators_ssim":["Ball, George H.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","Stewart, I.D.","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","New England Free Will Baptist Association","United States. Veterans Administration"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Account books","African Americans  -- Education (Higher)","African Americans - Schools for Freedmen.","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- Appalachian Region","Brown, John -- Fort-Museum","Builders and contractors.","Baptists","Education","Ephemera.","Freedmen's Schools.","Jefferson County - Schools.","Ledgers.","Missionaries","Newspapers.","Photographs.","Schools - Jefferson County.","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Teachers' letters and papers.","Universities and colleges","Women --  Education","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- 1929-1950","Women's history -- 1951-present","World War, 1914-1918 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1914-1918"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Account books","African Americans  -- Education (Higher)","African Americans - Schools for Freedmen.","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- Appalachian Region","Brown, John -- Fort-Museum","Builders and contractors.","Baptists","Education","Ephemera.","Freedmen's Schools.","Jefferson County - Schools.","Ledgers.","Missionaries","Newspapers.","Photographs.","Schools - Jefferson County.","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Teachers' letters and papers.","Universities and colleges","Women --  Education","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- 1929-1950","Women's history -- 1951-present","World War, 1914-1918 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1914-1918"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["87.58 Linear Feet (160 document cases, 5 in. each; 28 document cases, 2.5 in. each; 7 record cartons, 15 in. each; 4 notecard boxes, 5 in. each; 2 notecard boxes, 4.5 in. each; 5 large flat storage boxes, 5 in. each; 4 large flat storage boxes, 3.5 in. each; 1.5 large flat storage boxes, 3 in. each; 1 small artifact box, 1.5 in.; 1 oversize folder, 0.25 in.; 1 reel microfilm, 1.75 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["87.58 Linear Feet (160 document cases, 5 in. each; 28 document cases, 2.5 in. each; 7 record cartons, 15 in. each; 4 notecard boxes, 5 in. each; 2 notecard boxes, 4.5 in. each; 5 large flat storage boxes, 5 in. each; 4 large flat storage boxes, 3.5 in. each; 1.5 large flat storage boxes, 3 in. each; 1 small artifact box, 1.5 in.; 1 oversize folder, 0.25 in.; 1 reel microfilm, 1.75 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the \u003ca href=\"https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eStorer College of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, emerged from the aftermath of the Civil War with the purpose of educating former slaves who were now facing the world with few skills and no education. It began in 1865 as a school in the Lockwood House, a private residence, with the support of the Freewill Baptist Home Mission Society of New England under Reverend Nathan Cook Brackett; in 1867 it officially became Storer Normal School, with the mission of training teachers; and in 1938 Storer became a College. The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nIn the beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThough Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagra Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagra Movement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[This historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia.]\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Storer College of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, emerged from the aftermath of the Civil War with the purpose of educating former slaves who were now facing the world with few skills and no education. It began in 1865 as a school in the Lockwood House, a private residence, with the support of the Freewill Baptist Home Mission Society of New England under Reverend Nathan Cook Brackett; in 1867 it officially became Storer Normal School, with the mission of training teachers; and in 1938 Storer became a College. The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.","Although there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.","The philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.","In the beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry.","Though Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.","In addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagra Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagra Movement.","[This historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia.]"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, A\u0026amp;M 1322, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, A\u0026M 1322, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords of Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry. This collection contains mainly administrative and operational records of the college. Types of records include annual reports, publications, memorabilia, artifacts, and other material. This collection includes material regarding John Brown's Fort.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into eighteen series, including:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1. Correspondence; 1865-1953; boxes 1a-61 (73 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 2. Miscellaneous Correspondence; 1892-1957, undated; boxes 62-72 (14 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 3. Individual Correspondence; 1920s-1950s; boxes 73-85b (25 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 4. President's Reports; 1907-1955; box 86a, folders 1a-4 (partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 5. Board of Trustees; 1926-1960; box 86a, folder 5-box 87b, folder 2b (2 containers, 2 partial containers).\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 6. Dean of Women Reports; 1939-1944; box 87b, folder 3 (partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 7. Executive Committee; 1924-1957; box 88a - box 88b, folder 1 (1 container, 1 partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 8. Woman's Commission; 1937-1948; box 88b, folder 2 (partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 9. By-Laws; 1867-1953; box 88b, folders 3-4 (partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 10. Faculty; 1940s-1950s; boxes 89-90 (2 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 11. Printed Material; 1920s-1950s; boxes 91-92 (2 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 12. Student Records; 1890s-1950s; boxes 93a-122, 137-138 (35 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 13. Financial Records; 1867-1956, undated; boxes 123a-136, 139-159, 164-169 (45 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 14. Miscellaneous; 1884-1950s, undated; boxes 159-162, 175 (4 containers, 1 partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 15. Newspaper -- Storer Record; 1892-1943; box 163 and microfilm reel (2 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 16. Scrapbooks; 1870-1941; boxes 170-172b (4 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 17. Alumni flags; undated; box 173 (partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 18. Oversize; 1916-1952; box 174 (1 container)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Records of Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry. This collection contains mainly administrative and operational records of the college. Types of records include annual reports, publications, memorabilia, artifacts, and other material. This collection includes material regarding John Brown's Fort.","The collection is organized into eighteen series, including:","Series 1. Correspondence; 1865-1953; boxes 1a-61 (73 containers)\nSeries 2. Miscellaneous Correspondence; 1892-1957, undated; boxes 62-72 (14 containers)\nSeries 3. Individual Correspondence; 1920s-1950s; boxes 73-85b (25 containers)\nSeries 4. President's Reports; 1907-1955; box 86a, folders 1a-4 (partial container)\nSeries 5. Board of Trustees; 1926-1960; box 86a, folder 5-box 87b, folder 2b (2 containers, 2 partial containers).\nSeries 6. Dean of Women Reports; 1939-1944; box 87b, folder 3 (partial container)\nSeries 7. Executive Committee; 1924-1957; box 88a - box 88b, folder 1 (1 container, 1 partial container)\nSeries 8. Woman's Commission; 1937-1948; box 88b, folder 2 (partial container)\nSeries 9. By-Laws; 1867-1953; box 88b, folders 3-4 (partial container)\nSeries 10. Faculty; 1940s-1950s; boxes 89-90 (2 containers)\nSeries 11. Printed Material; 1920s-1950s; boxes 91-92 (2 containers)\nSeries 12. Student Records; 1890s-1950s; boxes 93a-122, 137-138 (35 containers)\nSeries 13. Financial Records; 1867-1956, undated; boxes 123a-136, 139-159, 164-169 (45 containers)\nSeries 14. Miscellaneous; 1884-1950s, undated; boxes 159-162, 175 (4 containers, 1 partial container)\nSeries 15. Newspaper -- Storer Record; 1892-1943; box 163 and microfilm reel (2 containers)\nSeries 16. Scrapbooks; 1870-1941; boxes 170-172b (4 containers)\nSeries 17. Alumni flags; undated; box 173 (partial container)\nSeries 18. Oversize; 1916-1952; box 174 (1 container)"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_5c340650e135ba41d647d77be84aba99\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","New England Free Will Baptist Association","United States. Veterans Administration"],"names_coll_ssim":["National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","New England Free Will Baptist Association","Storer College","United States. Veterans Administration","Ball, George H.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","Stewart, I.D."],"persname_ssim":["Ball, George H.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","Stewart, I.D."],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","New England Free Will Baptist Association","United States. Veterans Administration","Ball, George H.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","Stewart, I.D."],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":276,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:57:32.353Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_4566.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/198177","title_ssm":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records"],"title_tesim":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1865-1960","1930s-1950s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1865-1960"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1930s-1950s"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1865/1960, bulk 1930/1950"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, 1865/1960, bulk 1930/1950"],"text":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, 1865/1960, bulk 1930/1950","A\u0026M 1322","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4566","Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","West Virginia -- Race relations","Account books","African Americans  -- Education (Higher)","African Americans - Schools for Freedmen.","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- Appalachian Region","Brown, John -- Fort-Museum","Builders and contractors.","Baptists","Education","Ephemera.","Freedmen's Schools.","Jefferson County - Schools.","Ledgers.","Missionaries","Newspapers.","Photographs.","Schools - Jefferson County.","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Teachers' letters and papers.","Universities and colleges","Women --  Education","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- 1929-1950","Women's history -- 1951-present","World War, 1914-1918 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1914-1918","No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department.","Storer College of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, emerged from the aftermath of the Civil War with the purpose of educating former slaves who were now facing the world with few skills and no education. It began in 1865 as a school in the Lockwood House, a private residence, with the support of the Freewill Baptist Home Mission Society of New England under Reverend Nathan Cook Brackett; in 1867 it officially became Storer Normal School, with the mission of training teachers; and in 1938 Storer became a College. The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.","Although there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.","The philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.","In the beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry.","Though Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.","In addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagra Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagra Movement.","[This historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia.]","1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621","Records of Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry. This collection contains mainly administrative and operational records of the college. Types of records include annual reports, publications, memorabilia, artifacts, and other material. This collection includes material regarding John Brown's Fort.","The collection is organized into eighteen series, including:","Series 1. Correspondence; 1865-1953; boxes 1a-61 (73 containers)\nSeries 2. Miscellaneous Correspondence; 1892-1957, undated; boxes 62-72 (14 containers)\nSeries 3. Individual Correspondence; 1920s-1950s; boxes 73-85b (25 containers)\nSeries 4. President's Reports; 1907-1955; box 86a, folders 1a-4 (partial container)\nSeries 5. Board of Trustees; 1926-1960; box 86a, folder 5-box 87b, folder 2b (2 containers, 2 partial containers).\nSeries 6. Dean of Women Reports; 1939-1944; box 87b, folder 3 (partial container)\nSeries 7. Executive Committee; 1924-1957; box 88a - box 88b, folder 1 (1 container, 1 partial container)\nSeries 8. Woman's Commission; 1937-1948; box 88b, folder 2 (partial container)\nSeries 9. By-Laws; 1867-1953; box 88b, folders 3-4 (partial container)\nSeries 10. Faculty; 1940s-1950s; boxes 89-90 (2 containers)\nSeries 11. Printed Material; 1920s-1950s; boxes 91-92 (2 containers)\nSeries 12. Student Records; 1890s-1950s; boxes 93a-122, 137-138 (35 containers)\nSeries 13. Financial Records; 1867-1956, undated; boxes 123a-136, 139-159, 164-169 (45 containers)\nSeries 14. Miscellaneous; 1884-1950s, undated; boxes 159-162, 175 (4 containers, 1 partial container)\nSeries 15. Newspaper -- Storer Record; 1892-1943; box 163 and microfilm reel (2 containers)\nSeries 16. Scrapbooks; 1870-1941; boxes 170-172b (4 containers)\nSeries 17. Alumni flags; undated; box 173 (partial container)\nSeries 18. Oversize; 1916-1952; box 174 (1 container)","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","New England Free Will Baptist Association","United States. Veterans Administration","Ball, George H.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","Stewart, I.D.","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, 1865/1960, bulk 1930/1950"],"collection_ssim":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, 1865/1960, bulk 1930/1950"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 1322","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4566"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 1322","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4566"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","West Virginia -- Race relations"],"geogname_ssim":["Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","West Virginia -- Race relations"],"places_ssim":["Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","West Virginia -- Race relations"],"creator_ssm":["Storer College"],"creator_ssim":["Storer College"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Ball, George H.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","Stewart, I.D."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","New England Free Will Baptist Association","United States. Veterans Administration"],"creators_ssim":["Ball, George H.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","Stewart, I.D.","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","New England Free Will Baptist Association","United States. Veterans Administration"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Account books","African Americans  -- Education (Higher)","African Americans - Schools for Freedmen.","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- Appalachian Region","Brown, John -- Fort-Museum","Builders and contractors.","Baptists","Education","Ephemera.","Freedmen's Schools.","Jefferson County - Schools.","Ledgers.","Missionaries","Newspapers.","Photographs.","Schools - Jefferson County.","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Teachers' letters and papers.","Universities and colleges","Women --  Education","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- 1929-1950","Women's history -- 1951-present","World War, 1914-1918 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1914-1918"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Account books","African Americans  -- Education (Higher)","African Americans - Schools for Freedmen.","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- Appalachian Region","Brown, John -- Fort-Museum","Builders and contractors.","Baptists","Education","Ephemera.","Freedmen's Schools.","Jefferson County - Schools.","Ledgers.","Missionaries","Newspapers.","Photographs.","Schools - Jefferson County.","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Teachers' letters and papers.","Universities and colleges","Women --  Education","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- 1929-1950","Women's history -- 1951-present","World War, 1914-1918 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1914-1918"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["87.58 Linear Feet (160 document cases, 5 in. each; 28 document cases, 2.5 in. each; 7 record cartons, 15 in. each; 4 notecard boxes, 5 in. each; 2 notecard boxes, 4.5 in. each; 5 large flat storage boxes, 5 in. each; 4 large flat storage boxes, 3.5 in. each; 1.5 large flat storage boxes, 3 in. each; 1 small artifact box, 1.5 in.; 1 oversize folder, 0.25 in.; 1 reel microfilm, 1.75 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["87.58 Linear Feet (160 document cases, 5 in. each; 28 document cases, 2.5 in. each; 7 record cartons, 15 in. each; 4 notecard boxes, 5 in. each; 2 notecard boxes, 4.5 in. each; 5 large flat storage boxes, 5 in. each; 4 large flat storage boxes, 3.5 in. each; 1.5 large flat storage boxes, 3 in. each; 1 small artifact box, 1.5 in.; 1 oversize folder, 0.25 in.; 1 reel microfilm, 1.75 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the \u003ca href=\"https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eStorer College of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, emerged from the aftermath of the Civil War with the purpose of educating former slaves who were now facing the world with few skills and no education. It began in 1865 as a school in the Lockwood House, a private residence, with the support of the Freewill Baptist Home Mission Society of New England under Reverend Nathan Cook Brackett; in 1867 it officially became Storer Normal School, with the mission of training teachers; and in 1938 Storer became a College. The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nIn the beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThough Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagra Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagra Movement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[This historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia.]\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Storer College of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, emerged from the aftermath of the Civil War with the purpose of educating former slaves who were now facing the world with few skills and no education. It began in 1865 as a school in the Lockwood House, a private residence, with the support of the Freewill Baptist Home Mission Society of New England under Reverend Nathan Cook Brackett; in 1867 it officially became Storer Normal School, with the mission of training teachers; and in 1938 Storer became a College. The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.","Although there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.","The philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.","In the beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry.","Though Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.","In addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagra Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagra Movement.","[This historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia.]"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, A\u0026amp;M 1322, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, A\u0026M 1322, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords of Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry. This collection contains mainly administrative and operational records of the college. Types of records include annual reports, publications, memorabilia, artifacts, and other material. This collection includes material regarding John Brown's Fort.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into eighteen series, including:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1. Correspondence; 1865-1953; boxes 1a-61 (73 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 2. Miscellaneous Correspondence; 1892-1957, undated; boxes 62-72 (14 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 3. Individual Correspondence; 1920s-1950s; boxes 73-85b (25 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 4. President's Reports; 1907-1955; box 86a, folders 1a-4 (partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 5. Board of Trustees; 1926-1960; box 86a, folder 5-box 87b, folder 2b (2 containers, 2 partial containers).\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 6. Dean of Women Reports; 1939-1944; box 87b, folder 3 (partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 7. Executive Committee; 1924-1957; box 88a - box 88b, folder 1 (1 container, 1 partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 8. Woman's Commission; 1937-1948; box 88b, folder 2 (partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 9. By-Laws; 1867-1953; box 88b, folders 3-4 (partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 10. Faculty; 1940s-1950s; boxes 89-90 (2 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 11. Printed Material; 1920s-1950s; boxes 91-92 (2 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 12. Student Records; 1890s-1950s; boxes 93a-122, 137-138 (35 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 13. Financial Records; 1867-1956, undated; boxes 123a-136, 139-159, 164-169 (45 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 14. Miscellaneous; 1884-1950s, undated; boxes 159-162, 175 (4 containers, 1 partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 15. Newspaper -- Storer Record; 1892-1943; box 163 and microfilm reel (2 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 16. Scrapbooks; 1870-1941; boxes 170-172b (4 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 17. Alumni flags; undated; box 173 (partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 18. Oversize; 1916-1952; box 174 (1 container)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Records of Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry. This collection contains mainly administrative and operational records of the college. Types of records include annual reports, publications, memorabilia, artifacts, and other material. This collection includes material regarding John Brown's Fort.","The collection is organized into eighteen series, including:","Series 1. Correspondence; 1865-1953; boxes 1a-61 (73 containers)\nSeries 2. Miscellaneous Correspondence; 1892-1957, undated; boxes 62-72 (14 containers)\nSeries 3. Individual Correspondence; 1920s-1950s; boxes 73-85b (25 containers)\nSeries 4. President's Reports; 1907-1955; box 86a, folders 1a-4 (partial container)\nSeries 5. Board of Trustees; 1926-1960; box 86a, folder 5-box 87b, folder 2b (2 containers, 2 partial containers).\nSeries 6. Dean of Women Reports; 1939-1944; box 87b, folder 3 (partial container)\nSeries 7. Executive Committee; 1924-1957; box 88a - box 88b, folder 1 (1 container, 1 partial container)\nSeries 8. Woman's Commission; 1937-1948; box 88b, folder 2 (partial container)\nSeries 9. By-Laws; 1867-1953; box 88b, folders 3-4 (partial container)\nSeries 10. Faculty; 1940s-1950s; boxes 89-90 (2 containers)\nSeries 11. Printed Material; 1920s-1950s; boxes 91-92 (2 containers)\nSeries 12. Student Records; 1890s-1950s; boxes 93a-122, 137-138 (35 containers)\nSeries 13. Financial Records; 1867-1956, undated; boxes 123a-136, 139-159, 164-169 (45 containers)\nSeries 14. Miscellaneous; 1884-1950s, undated; boxes 159-162, 175 (4 containers, 1 partial container)\nSeries 15. Newspaper -- Storer Record; 1892-1943; box 163 and microfilm reel (2 containers)\nSeries 16. Scrapbooks; 1870-1941; boxes 170-172b (4 containers)\nSeries 17. Alumni flags; undated; box 173 (partial container)\nSeries 18. Oversize; 1916-1952; box 174 (1 container)"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_5c340650e135ba41d647d77be84aba99\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","New England Free Will Baptist Association","United States. Veterans Administration"],"names_coll_ssim":["National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","New England Free Will Baptist Association","Storer College","United States. Veterans Administration","Ball, George H.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","Stewart, I.D."],"persname_ssim":["Ball, George H.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","Stewart, I.D."],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","New England Free Will Baptist Association","United States. Veterans Administration","Ball, George H.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","Stewart, I.D."],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":276,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:57:32.353Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4410","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Storer College Alumni and Student Records, 1872/1955","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4410#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Storer College","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4410#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eRecords of Storer College, Harpers Ferry, West Virginia on microfilm, including alumni listing (1872-1955); student records, volumes 1-8 (1900-1937); student records, summer school (1924-1942); student register, volumes 1-2 (1888-1944); and student record cards (circa 1929-1955).\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4410#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4410","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4410","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4410","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4410","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_4410.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/198021","title_ssm":["Storer College Alumni and Student Records"],"title_tesim":["Storer College Alumni and Student Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1872-1955"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1872-1955"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1872/1955"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Storer College Alumni and Student Records, 1872/1955"],"text":["Storer College Alumni and Student Records, 1872/1955","A\u0026M 1168","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4410","Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","African Americans  -- Education (Higher)","African Americans - Schools for Freedmen.","Education","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Universities and colleges","F. Baptists General Conference (Harpers Ferry)","No special access restriction applies.","Storer College of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, emerged from the aftermath of the Civil War with the purpose of educating former enslaved Africans who were now facing the world with few skills and no education. It began in 1865 as a school in the Lockwood House, a private residence, with the support of the Freewill Baptist Home Mission Society of New England under Reverend Nathan Cook Brackett; in 1867 it officially became Storer Normal School, with the mission of training teachers; and in 1938 Storer became a College. The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.","Although there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.","The philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.","In the beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry.","Though Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.","In addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagra Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagra Movement.","[This historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia.]","1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621","Records of Storer College, Harpers Ferry, West Virginia on microfilm, including alumni listing (1872-1955); student records, volumes 1-8 (1900-1937); student records, summer school (1924-1942); student register, volumes 1-2 (1888-1944); and student record cards (circa 1929-1955).","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Storer College Alumni and Student Records, 1872/1955"],"collection_ssim":["Storer College Alumni and Student Records, 1872/1955"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 1168","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4410"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 1168","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4410"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Harpers Ferry (W. 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Baptists General Conference (Harpers Ferry)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.58 Linear Feet Summary: 7 in. (4 reels of microfilm, 1.75 in. each)"],"extent_tesim":["0.58 Linear Feet Summary: 7 in. (4 reels of microfilm, 1.75 in. each)"],"date_range_isim":[1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eStorer College of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, emerged from the aftermath of the Civil War with the purpose of educating former enslaved Africans who were now facing the world with few skills and no education. It began in 1865 as a school in the Lockwood House, a private residence, with the support of the Freewill Baptist Home Mission Society of New England under Reverend Nathan Cook Brackett; in 1867 it officially became Storer Normal School, with the mission of training teachers; and in 1938 Storer became a College. The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThough Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagra Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagra Movement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[This historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia.]\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Storer College of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, emerged from the aftermath of the Civil War with the purpose of educating former enslaved Africans who were now facing the world with few skills and no education. It began in 1865 as a school in the Lockwood House, a private residence, with the support of the Freewill Baptist Home Mission Society of New England under Reverend Nathan Cook Brackett; in 1867 it officially became Storer Normal School, with the mission of training teachers; and in 1938 Storer became a College. The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.","Although there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.","The philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.","In the beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry.","Though Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.","In addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagra Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagra Movement.","[This historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia.]"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Storer College Alumni and Student Records, A\u0026amp;M 1168, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Storer College Alumni and Student Records, A\u0026M 1168, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords of Storer College, Harpers Ferry, West Virginia on microfilm, including alumni listing (1872-1955); student records, volumes 1-8 (1900-1937); student records, summer school (1924-1942); student register, volumes 1-2 (1888-1944); and student record cards (circa 1929-1955).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Records of Storer College, Harpers Ferry, West Virginia on microfilm, including alumni listing (1872-1955); student records, volumes 1-8 (1900-1937); student records, summer school (1924-1942); student register, volumes 1-2 (1888-1944); and student record cards (circa 1929-1955)."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_f982cabbc8caedde403f66bf95c06ed7\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. 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The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.","Although there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.","The philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.","In the beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry.","Though Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. 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One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThough Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagra Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagra Movement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[This historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia.]\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Storer College of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, emerged from the aftermath of the Civil War with the purpose of educating former enslaved Africans who were now facing the world with few skills and no education. It began in 1865 as a school in the Lockwood House, a private residence, with the support of the Freewill Baptist Home Mission Society of New England under Reverend Nathan Cook Brackett; in 1867 it officially became Storer Normal School, with the mission of training teachers; and in 1938 Storer became a College. The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.","Although there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.","The philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.","In the beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry.","Though Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.","In addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagra Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagra Movement.","[This historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia.]"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Storer College Alumni and Student Records, A\u0026amp;M 1168, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Storer College Alumni and Student Records, A\u0026M 1168, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords of Storer College, Harpers Ferry, West Virginia on microfilm, including alumni listing (1872-1955); student records, volumes 1-8 (1900-1937); student records, summer school (1924-1942); student register, volumes 1-2 (1888-1944); and student record cards (circa 1929-1955).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Records of Storer College, Harpers Ferry, West Virginia on microfilm, including alumni listing (1872-1955); student records, volumes 1-8 (1900-1937); student records, summer school (1924-1942); student register, volumes 1-2 (1888-1944); and student record cards (circa 1929-1955)."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_f982cabbc8caedde403f66bf95c06ed7\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College"],"names_coll_ssim":["Storer College"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:57:32.353Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4410"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4746","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Storer College Architectural Drawings, Diplomas, and Other Material, 1900/1953","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4746#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Storer College","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4746#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eArchitectural drawings (blueprints, campus plans, topographic maps, etc.), diplomas, and other material regarding Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4746#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4746","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4746","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4746","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4746","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_4746.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/198337","title_ssm":["Storer College Architectural Drawings, Diplomas, and Other Material"],"title_tesim":["Storer College Architectural Drawings, Diplomas, and Other Material"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1900-1953"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1900-1953"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1900/1953"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Storer College Architectural Drawings, Diplomas, and Other Material, 1900/1953"],"text":["Storer College Architectural Drawings, Diplomas, and Other Material, 1900/1953","A\u0026M 1471","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4746","Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County.","African Americans  -- Education (Higher)","African Americans - Schools for Freedmen.","Architects and architecture","Blueprints","Education","Jefferson County - Schools.","Maps.","Schools - Jefferson County.","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Universities and colleges","No special access restriction applies.","Storer College of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, emerged from the aftermath of the Civil War with the purpose of educating former slaves who were now facing the world with few skills and no education. It began in 1865 as a school in the Lockwood House, a private residence, with the support of the Freewill Baptist Home Mission Society of New England under Reverend Nathan Cook Brackett; in 1867 it officially became Storer Normal School, with the mission of training teachers; and in 1938 Storer became a College. The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.","Although there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.","The philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.","In the beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry.","Though Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.","In addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagra Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagra Movement.","[This historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia.]","1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621","Architectural drawings (blueprints, campus plans, topographic maps, etc.), diplomas, and other material regarding Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry.","Box 1 contains 26 architectural drawings.","Box 2 contains 19 architectural drawings.","Box 3 contains 12 diplomas; one oversize folder of architectural drawings; one legal size folder of correspondence regarding an addition to the college library; and other material.","Of the 45 architectural drawings in boxes 1 and 2, 32 have been microfilmed. The contents of the reel of microfilm are as follows:","Flash No. 1 - Campus Plot Plan - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 2 - Industrial Building - 5 Sheets","Flash No. 3 - Dormitory - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 4 - Frame Dwelling - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 5 - Washington Street Plan - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 6 - Auditorium - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 7 - Proposed Building - 5 Sheets","Flash No. 8 - Roger Williams Library First Floor Plan - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 9 - Alterations and Additions\t- 1 Sheet","Flash No. 10 - Gymnasium Plans - 2 Sheets","Flash No. 11 - Science Hall Building - 7 Sheets","Flash No. 12 - Topography at Gymnasium Site - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 13 - Gymnasium Plans - 4 Sheets","Flash No. 14 - Unidentified Building - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 15 - Unidentified Building - 2 Sheets","Flash No. 16 - Gymnasium - 13 Sheets, 1 Photograph","Flash No. 17 - Alteration to Library - 3 Sheets","Flash No. 18 - Frame Dwelling - 2 Sheets","Flash No. 19 - Industrial Arts and Domestic Science Building - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 20 - Dormitory - 4 Sheets","Flash No. 21 - Property of Storer College - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 22 - Chapel Seating - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 23 - Chemistry Lab - 2 Sheets","Flash No. 24 - Unidentified Building - 2 Sheets","Flash No. 25 - Chapel Building\t- 3 Sheets","Flash No. 26 - Growth Plan for Storer College - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 27 - Unidentified Building - 3 Sheets","Flash No. 28 - Addition to Library - 4 Sheets","Flash No. 29 - John Brown Tablet - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 30 - Grant Hall - 4 Sheets","Flash No. 31 - Foundations and Heating - 2 Sheets","Flash No. 32 - Alterations and Additions - 2 Sheets","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Storer College Architectural Drawings, Diplomas, and Other Material, 1900/1953"],"collection_ssim":["Storer College Architectural Drawings, Diplomas, and Other Material, 1900/1953"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 1471","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4746"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 1471","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4746"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Harpers Ferry (W. 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It began in 1865 as a school in the Lockwood House, a private residence, with the support of the Freewill Baptist Home Mission Society of New England under Reverend Nathan Cook Brackett; in 1867 it officially became Storer Normal School, with the mission of training teachers; and in 1938 Storer became a College. The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThough Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagra Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagra Movement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[This historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia.]\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Storer College of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, emerged from the aftermath of the Civil War with the purpose of educating former slaves who were now facing the world with few skills and no education. It began in 1865 as a school in the Lockwood House, a private residence, with the support of the Freewill Baptist Home Mission Society of New England under Reverend Nathan Cook Brackett; in 1867 it officially became Storer Normal School, with the mission of training teachers; and in 1938 Storer became a College. The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.","Although there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.","The philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.","In the beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry.","Though Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.","In addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagra Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagra Movement.","[This historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia.]"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Storer College Architectural Drawings, Diplomas, and Other Material, A\u0026amp;M 1471, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Storer College Architectural Drawings, Diplomas, and Other Material, A\u0026M 1471, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArchitectural drawings (blueprints, campus plans, topographic maps, etc.), diplomas, and other material regarding Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 1 contains 26 architectural drawings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 2 contains 19 architectural drawings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 3 contains 12 diplomas; one oversize folder of architectural drawings; one legal size folder of correspondence regarding an addition to the college library; and other material.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOf the 45 architectural drawings in boxes 1 and 2, 32 have been microfilmed. The contents of the reel of microfilm are as follows:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 1 - Campus Plot Plan - 1 Sheet\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 2 - Industrial Building - 5 Sheets\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 3 - Dormitory - 1 Sheet\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 4 - Frame Dwelling - 1 Sheet\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 5 - Washington Street Plan - 1 Sheet\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 6 - Auditorium - 1 Sheet\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 7 - Proposed Building - 5 Sheets\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 8 - Roger Williams Library First Floor Plan - 1 Sheet\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 9 - Alterations and Additions\t- 1 Sheet\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 10 - Gymnasium Plans - 2 Sheets\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 11 - Science Hall Building - 7 Sheets\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 12 - Topography at Gymnasium Site - 1 Sheet\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 13 - Gymnasium Plans - 4 Sheets\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 14 - Unidentified Building - 1 Sheet\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 15 - Unidentified Building - 2 Sheets\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 16 - Gymnasium - 13 Sheets, 1 Photograph\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 17 - Alteration to Library - 3 Sheets\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 18 - Frame Dwelling - 2 Sheets\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 19 - Industrial Arts and Domestic Science Building - 1 Sheet\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 20 - Dormitory - 4 Sheets\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 21 - Property of Storer College - 1 Sheet\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 22 - Chapel Seating - 1 Sheet\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 23 - Chemistry Lab - 2 Sheets\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 24 - Unidentified Building - 2 Sheets\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 25 - Chapel Building\t- 3 Sheets\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 26 - Growth Plan for Storer College - 1 Sheet\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 27 - Unidentified Building - 3 Sheets\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 28 - Addition to Library - 4 Sheets\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 29 - John Brown Tablet - 1 Sheet\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 30 - Grant Hall - 4 Sheets\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 31 - Foundations and Heating - 2 Sheets\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 32 - Alterations and Additions - 2 Sheets\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Architectural drawings (blueprints, campus plans, topographic maps, etc.), diplomas, and other material regarding Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry.","Box 1 contains 26 architectural drawings.","Box 2 contains 19 architectural drawings.","Box 3 contains 12 diplomas; one oversize folder of architectural drawings; one legal size folder of correspondence regarding an addition to the college library; and other material.","Of the 45 architectural drawings in boxes 1 and 2, 32 have been microfilmed. The contents of the reel of microfilm are as follows:","Flash No. 1 - Campus Plot Plan - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 2 - Industrial Building - 5 Sheets","Flash No. 3 - Dormitory - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 4 - Frame Dwelling - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 5 - Washington Street Plan - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 6 - Auditorium - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 7 - Proposed Building - 5 Sheets","Flash No. 8 - Roger Williams Library First Floor Plan - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 9 - Alterations and Additions\t- 1 Sheet","Flash No. 10 - Gymnasium Plans - 2 Sheets","Flash No. 11 - Science Hall Building - 7 Sheets","Flash No. 12 - Topography at Gymnasium Site - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 13 - Gymnasium Plans - 4 Sheets","Flash No. 14 - Unidentified Building - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 15 - Unidentified Building - 2 Sheets","Flash No. 16 - Gymnasium - 13 Sheets, 1 Photograph","Flash No. 17 - Alteration to Library - 3 Sheets","Flash No. 18 - Frame Dwelling - 2 Sheets","Flash No. 19 - Industrial Arts and Domestic Science Building - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 20 - Dormitory - 4 Sheets","Flash No. 21 - Property of Storer College - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 22 - Chapel Seating - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 23 - Chemistry Lab - 2 Sheets","Flash No. 24 - Unidentified Building - 2 Sheets","Flash No. 25 - Chapel Building\t- 3 Sheets","Flash No. 26 - Growth Plan for Storer College - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 27 - Unidentified Building - 3 Sheets","Flash No. 28 - Addition to Library - 4 Sheets","Flash No. 29 - John Brown Tablet - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 30 - Grant Hall - 4 Sheets","Flash No. 31 - Foundations and Heating - 2 Sheets","Flash No. 32 - Alterations and Additions - 2 Sheets"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_43058035a4304abee190d807652c3a07\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College"],"names_coll_ssim":["Storer College"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:57:54.405Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4746","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4746","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4746","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4746","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_4746.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/198337","title_ssm":["Storer College Architectural Drawings, Diplomas, and Other Material"],"title_tesim":["Storer College Architectural Drawings, Diplomas, and Other Material"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1900-1953"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1900-1953"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1900/1953"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Storer College Architectural Drawings, Diplomas, and Other Material, 1900/1953"],"text":["Storer College Architectural Drawings, Diplomas, and Other Material, 1900/1953","A\u0026M 1471","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4746","Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County.","African Americans  -- Education (Higher)","African Americans - Schools for Freedmen.","Architects and architecture","Blueprints","Education","Jefferson County - Schools.","Maps.","Schools - Jefferson County.","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Universities and colleges","No special access restriction applies.","Storer College of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, emerged from the aftermath of the Civil War with the purpose of educating former slaves who were now facing the world with few skills and no education. It began in 1865 as a school in the Lockwood House, a private residence, with the support of the Freewill Baptist Home Mission Society of New England under Reverend Nathan Cook Brackett; in 1867 it officially became Storer Normal School, with the mission of training teachers; and in 1938 Storer became a College. The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.","Although there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.","The philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.","In the beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry.","Though Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.","In addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagra Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagra Movement.","[This historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia.]","1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621","Architectural drawings (blueprints, campus plans, topographic maps, etc.), diplomas, and other material regarding Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry.","Box 1 contains 26 architectural drawings.","Box 2 contains 19 architectural drawings.","Box 3 contains 12 diplomas; one oversize folder of architectural drawings; one legal size folder of correspondence regarding an addition to the college library; and other material.","Of the 45 architectural drawings in boxes 1 and 2, 32 have been microfilmed. The contents of the reel of microfilm are as follows:","Flash No. 1 - Campus Plot Plan - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 2 - Industrial Building - 5 Sheets","Flash No. 3 - Dormitory - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 4 - Frame Dwelling - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 5 - Washington Street Plan - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 6 - Auditorium - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 7 - Proposed Building - 5 Sheets","Flash No. 8 - Roger Williams Library First Floor Plan - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 9 - Alterations and Additions\t- 1 Sheet","Flash No. 10 - Gymnasium Plans - 2 Sheets","Flash No. 11 - Science Hall Building - 7 Sheets","Flash No. 12 - Topography at Gymnasium Site - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 13 - Gymnasium Plans - 4 Sheets","Flash No. 14 - Unidentified Building - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 15 - Unidentified Building - 2 Sheets","Flash No. 16 - Gymnasium - 13 Sheets, 1 Photograph","Flash No. 17 - Alteration to Library - 3 Sheets","Flash No. 18 - Frame Dwelling - 2 Sheets","Flash No. 19 - Industrial Arts and Domestic Science Building - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 20 - Dormitory - 4 Sheets","Flash No. 21 - Property of Storer College - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 22 - Chapel Seating - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 23 - Chemistry Lab - 2 Sheets","Flash No. 24 - Unidentified Building - 2 Sheets","Flash No. 25 - Chapel Building\t- 3 Sheets","Flash No. 26 - Growth Plan for Storer College - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 27 - Unidentified Building - 3 Sheets","Flash No. 28 - Addition to Library - 4 Sheets","Flash No. 29 - John Brown Tablet - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 30 - Grant Hall - 4 Sheets","Flash No. 31 - Foundations and Heating - 2 Sheets","Flash No. 32 - Alterations and Additions - 2 Sheets","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Storer College Architectural Drawings, Diplomas, and Other Material, 1900/1953"],"collection_ssim":["Storer College Architectural Drawings, Diplomas, and Other Material, 1900/1953"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 1471","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4746"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 1471","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4746"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County."],"geogname_ssim":["Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County."],"places_ssim":["Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County."],"creator_ssm":["Storer College"],"creator_ssim":["Storer College"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College"],"creators_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans  -- Education (Higher)","African Americans - Schools for Freedmen.","Architects and architecture","Blueprints","Education","Jefferson County - Schools.","Maps.","Schools - Jefferson County.","Schools. 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SEE ALSO Academies","Universities and colleges"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.90 Linear Feet (3 large flat storage boxes, 3 in. each; 1 reel of microfilm, 1.75 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["0.90 Linear Feet (3 large flat storage boxes, 3 in. each; 1 reel of microfilm, 1.75 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eStorer College of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, emerged from the aftermath of the Civil War with the purpose of educating former slaves who were now facing the world with few skills and no education. 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Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. 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The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagra Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagra Movement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[This historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia.]\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Storer College of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, emerged from the aftermath of the Civil War with the purpose of educating former slaves who were now facing the world with few skills and no education. It began in 1865 as a school in the Lockwood House, a private residence, with the support of the Freewill Baptist Home Mission Society of New England under Reverend Nathan Cook Brackett; in 1867 it officially became Storer Normal School, with the mission of training teachers; and in 1938 Storer became a College. The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.","Although there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.","The philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.","In the beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry.","Though Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.","In addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagra Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagra Movement.","[This historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia.]"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Storer College Architectural Drawings, Diplomas, and Other Material, A\u0026amp;M 1471, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Storer College Architectural Drawings, Diplomas, and Other Material, A\u0026M 1471, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArchitectural drawings (blueprints, campus plans, topographic maps, etc.), diplomas, and other material regarding Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 1 contains 26 architectural drawings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 2 contains 19 architectural drawings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 3 contains 12 diplomas; one oversize folder of architectural drawings; one legal size folder of correspondence regarding an addition to the college library; and other material.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOf the 45 architectural drawings in boxes 1 and 2, 32 have been microfilmed. The contents of the reel of microfilm are as follows:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 1 - Campus Plot Plan - 1 Sheet\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 2 - Industrial Building - 5 Sheets\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 3 - Dormitory - 1 Sheet\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 4 - Frame Dwelling - 1 Sheet\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 5 - Washington Street Plan - 1 Sheet\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 6 - Auditorium - 1 Sheet\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 7 - Proposed Building - 5 Sheets\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 8 - Roger Williams Library First Floor Plan - 1 Sheet\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 9 - Alterations and Additions\t- 1 Sheet\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 10 - Gymnasium Plans - 2 Sheets\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 11 - Science Hall Building - 7 Sheets\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 12 - Topography at Gymnasium Site - 1 Sheet\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 13 - Gymnasium Plans - 4 Sheets\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 14 - Unidentified Building - 1 Sheet\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 15 - Unidentified Building - 2 Sheets\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 16 - Gymnasium - 13 Sheets, 1 Photograph\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 17 - Alteration to Library - 3 Sheets\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 18 - Frame Dwelling - 2 Sheets\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 19 - Industrial Arts and Domestic Science Building - 1 Sheet\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 20 - Dormitory - 4 Sheets\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 21 - Property of Storer College - 1 Sheet\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 22 - Chapel Seating - 1 Sheet\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 23 - Chemistry Lab - 2 Sheets\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 24 - Unidentified Building - 2 Sheets\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 25 - Chapel Building\t- 3 Sheets\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 26 - Growth Plan for Storer College - 1 Sheet\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 27 - Unidentified Building - 3 Sheets\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 28 - Addition to Library - 4 Sheets\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 29 - John Brown Tablet - 1 Sheet\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 30 - Grant Hall - 4 Sheets\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 31 - Foundations and Heating - 2 Sheets\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlash No. 32 - Alterations and Additions - 2 Sheets\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Architectural drawings (blueprints, campus plans, topographic maps, etc.), diplomas, and other material regarding Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry.","Box 1 contains 26 architectural drawings.","Box 2 contains 19 architectural drawings.","Box 3 contains 12 diplomas; one oversize folder of architectural drawings; one legal size folder of correspondence regarding an addition to the college library; and other material.","Of the 45 architectural drawings in boxes 1 and 2, 32 have been microfilmed. The contents of the reel of microfilm are as follows:","Flash No. 1 - Campus Plot Plan - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 2 - Industrial Building - 5 Sheets","Flash No. 3 - Dormitory - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 4 - Frame Dwelling - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 5 - Washington Street Plan - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 6 - Auditorium - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 7 - Proposed Building - 5 Sheets","Flash No. 8 - Roger Williams Library First Floor Plan - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 9 - Alterations and Additions\t- 1 Sheet","Flash No. 10 - Gymnasium Plans - 2 Sheets","Flash No. 11 - Science Hall Building - 7 Sheets","Flash No. 12 - Topography at Gymnasium Site - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 13 - Gymnasium Plans - 4 Sheets","Flash No. 14 - Unidentified Building - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 15 - Unidentified Building - 2 Sheets","Flash No. 16 - Gymnasium - 13 Sheets, 1 Photograph","Flash No. 17 - Alteration to Library - 3 Sheets","Flash No. 18 - Frame Dwelling - 2 Sheets","Flash No. 19 - Industrial Arts and Domestic Science Building - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 20 - Dormitory - 4 Sheets","Flash No. 21 - Property of Storer College - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 22 - Chapel Seating - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 23 - Chemistry Lab - 2 Sheets","Flash No. 24 - Unidentified Building - 2 Sheets","Flash No. 25 - Chapel Building\t- 3 Sheets","Flash No. 26 - Growth Plan for Storer College - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 27 - Unidentified Building - 3 Sheets","Flash No. 28 - Addition to Library - 4 Sheets","Flash No. 29 - John Brown Tablet - 1 Sheet","Flash No. 30 - Grant Hall - 4 Sheets","Flash No. 31 - Foundations and Heating - 2 Sheets","Flash No. 32 - Alterations and Additions - 2 Sheets"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_43058035a4304abee190d807652c3a07\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College"],"names_coll_ssim":["Storer College"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:57:54.405Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4746"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_643","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Storer College Correspondence, Business Papers and Other Material, 1854/1964","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_643#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Storer College","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_643#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Records of Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry. Types of records include correspondence, business papers, photographs, memorabilia, issues of the \u003cem\u003eStorer Record\u003c/em\u003e (the Storer College newspaper), financial records, scrapbooks, bulletins, minute books, newspaper and magazine clippings, diaries, motion pictures, and miscellaneous material. Includes records regarding the early years of the College, among other topics. See \"Scope and Content Note\" and \"Historical Note\" for further information.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_643#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_643","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_643","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_643","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_643","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_643.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/195144","title_ssm":["Storer College Correspondence, Business Papers and Other Material"],"title_tesim":["Storer College Correspondence, Business Papers and Other Material"],"unitdate_ssm":["1854-1964"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1854-1964"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1854/1964"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Storer College Correspondence, Business Papers and Other Material, 1854/1964"],"text":["Storer College Correspondence, Business Papers and Other Material, 1854/1964","A\u0026M 2621","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/643","Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","West Virginia -- Race relations","Account books","African Americans  -- Education (Higher)","African Americans - Schools for Freedmen.","Diaries and journals.","Education","Ledger books.","Missionaries","Newspapers.","Photographs.","Schools - Jefferson County.","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Scrapbooks","Segregation in education","Teachers' letters and papers.","Universities and colleges","Women --  Education","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- 1929-1950","Women's history -- 1951-present","World War, 1914-1918 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1914-1918","African Americans  -- Education -- West Virginia","No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department.","Storer College of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, emerged from the aftermath of the Civil War with the purpose of educating former slaves who were now facing the world with few skills and no education. It began in 1865 as a school in the Lockwood House, a private residence, with the support of the Freewill Baptist Home Mission Society of New England under Reverend Nathan Cook Brackett; in 1867 it officially became Storer Normal School, with the mission of training teachers; and in 1938 Storer became a College. The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.","Although there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.","The philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.","the beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry.","Though Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.","In addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagara Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagara Movement.","This historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia.","1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621","Records of Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry. This collection contains both institutional records and personal papers related to the College.","Types of records include correspondence, business papers, photographs, memorabilia, issues of the Storer Record (the Storer College newspaper), financial records, scrapbooks, bulletins, minute books, newspaper and magazine clippings, diaries, motion pictures, and miscellaneous material.","Highlights of the collection include records regarding the early years of Storer College; correspondence and papers of Henry J. McDonald, who served as president of Storer College president from 1899 to 1945; correspondence and other material regarding the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP); and correspondence and photographs regarding the service of Storer College students during World War I and World War II.","The collection is organized into sixteen series, including:","Series 1. Correspondence and Business Papers; ca. 1865-1964; boxes 1-12, 15-18a, 19, 25-26, 29-30\nSeries 2. Storer Record -- Newspaper; 1892-1931, 1940, 1942; boxes 13-14, 18b\nSeries 3. Financial Records and Other Material; 1912, 1939, 1953-1954; box 18b\nSeries 4. Scrapbooks and Miscellaneous Publications; ca. 1875-1950; boxes 20a-20b\nSeries 5. Financial and Other Record Books; 1913-1955; box 21\nSeries 6. College Bulletin and Other Material; 1882-1951; boxes 21, 22, 24\nSeries 7. Student Affairs; 1907-1955; boxes 23a-23b\nSeries 8. Minute Books; 1898-1944; box 27a\nSeries 9. Newspaper and Magazine Clippings; 1895, 1920, 1947, 1963-1964; box 27b\nSeries 10. Miscellaneous; 1867-1897, 1922-1940; box 28\nSeries 11. Diary of Henry T. McDonald; 1899-1900; box 28\nSeries 12. Photographs; ca. 1870-1955; boxes 31-32\nSeries 13. General Correspondence; ca. 1854-1950; boxes 33-41\nSeries 14. Memorabilia; 1938, undated; boxes 42-45\nSeries 15. Motion Pictures; 1940s, 1946; box 46\nSeries 16. Oversize Photographs; ca. 1895-1955; boxes 47-4","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Records of Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry. Types of records include correspondence, business papers, photographs, memorabilia, issues of the Storer Record (the Storer College newspaper), financial records, scrapbooks, bulletins, minute books, newspaper and magazine clippings, diaries, motion pictures, and miscellaneous material. Includes records regarding the early years of the College, among other topics. See \"Scope and Content Note\" and \"Historical Note\" for further information.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","National Education Association of the United States","New England Free Will Baptist Association","United States. Veterans Administration","Storer Normal School","Brackett, Louise Wood.","Brackett, Rev. Nathan.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955","Malone, Weldon C.","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","McKinney, Richard I.","Smith, Ella V.","Stewart, J.D.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Storer College Correspondence, Business Papers and Other Material, 1854/1964"],"collection_ssim":["Storer College Correspondence, Business Papers and Other Material, 1854/1964"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 2621","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/643"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 2621","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/643"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","West Virginia -- Race relations"],"geogname_ssim":["Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","West Virginia -- Race relations"],"places_ssim":["Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","West Virginia -- Race relations"],"creator_ssm":["Storer College"],"creator_ssim":["Storer College"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Brackett, Louise Wood.","Brackett, Rev. Nathan.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955","Malone, Weldon C.","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","McKinney, Richard I.","Smith, Ella V.","Stewart, J.D."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","National Education Association of the United States","New England Free Will Baptist Association","United States. Veterans Administration","Storer Normal School"],"creators_ssim":["Brackett, Louise Wood.","Brackett, Rev. Nathan.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955","Malone, Weldon C.","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","McKinney, Richard I.","Smith, Ella V.","Stewart, J.D.","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","National Education Association of the United States","New England Free Will Baptist Association","United States. Veterans Administration","Storer Normal School"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Account books","African Americans  -- Education (Higher)","African Americans - Schools for Freedmen.","Diaries and journals.","Education","Ledger books.","Missionaries","Newspapers.","Photographs.","Schools - Jefferson County.","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Scrapbooks","Segregation in education","Teachers' letters and papers.","Universities and colleges","Women --  Education","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- 1929-1950","Women's history -- 1951-present","World War, 1914-1918 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1914-1918","African Americans  -- Education -- West Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Account books","African Americans  -- Education (Higher)","African Americans - Schools for Freedmen.","Diaries and journals.","Education","Ledger books.","Missionaries","Newspapers.","Photographs.","Schools - Jefferson County.","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Scrapbooks","Segregation in education","Teachers' letters and papers.","Universities and colleges","Women --  Education","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- 1929-1950","Women's history -- 1951-present","World War, 1914-1918 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1914-1918","African Americans  -- Education -- West Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["21.3 Linear Feet Summary: 21 ft. 4 in. (39 document cases, 5 in. each); (4 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (2 records cartons, 15 in. each); (1 small flat storage box, 3 in.); (1 large flat storage box, 3 in.); (2 large flat storage boxes, 3 1/2 in. each); (1 card file box, 4 in.); (1 roll storage box, 4 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["21.3 Linear Feet Summary: 21 ft. 4 in. (39 document cases, 5 in. each); (4 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (2 records cartons, 15 in. each); (1 small flat storage box, 3 in.); (1 large flat storage box, 3 in.); (2 large flat storage boxes, 3 1/2 in. each); (1 card file box, 4 in.); (1 roll storage box, 4 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the \u003ca href=\"https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eStorer College of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, emerged from the aftermath of the Civil War with the purpose of educating former slaves who were now facing the world with few skills and no education. It began in 1865 as a school in the Lockwood House, a private residence, with the support of the Freewill Baptist Home Mission Society of New England under Reverend Nathan Cook Brackett; in 1867 it officially became Storer Normal School, with the mission of training teachers; and in 1938 Storer became a College. The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ethe beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThough Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagara Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagara Movement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Storer College of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, emerged from the aftermath of the Civil War with the purpose of educating former slaves who were now facing the world with few skills and no education. It began in 1865 as a school in the Lockwood House, a private residence, with the support of the Freewill Baptist Home Mission Society of New England under Reverend Nathan Cook Brackett; in 1867 it officially became Storer Normal School, with the mission of training teachers; and in 1938 Storer became a College. The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.","Although there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.","The philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.","the beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry.","Though Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.","In addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagara Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagara Movement.","This historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Storer College Correspondence, Business Papers and Other Material, A\u0026amp;M 2621, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Storer College Correspondence, Business Papers and Other Material, A\u0026M 2621, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords of Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry. This collection contains both institutional records and personal papers related to the College.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTypes of records include correspondence, business papers, photographs, memorabilia, issues of the Storer Record (the Storer College newspaper), financial records, scrapbooks, bulletins, minute books, newspaper and magazine clippings, diaries, motion pictures, and miscellaneous material.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHighlights of the collection include records regarding the early years of Storer College; correspondence and papers of Henry J. McDonald, who served as president of Storer College president from 1899 to 1945; correspondence and other material regarding the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP); and correspondence and photographs regarding the service of Storer College students during World War I and World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into sixteen series, including:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1. Correspondence and Business Papers; ca. 1865-1964; boxes 1-12, 15-18a, 19, 25-26, 29-30\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 2. Storer Record -- Newspaper; 1892-1931, 1940, 1942; boxes 13-14, 18b\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 3. Financial Records and Other Material; 1912, 1939, 1953-1954; box 18b\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 4. Scrapbooks and Miscellaneous Publications; ca. 1875-1950; boxes 20a-20b\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 5. Financial and Other Record Books; 1913-1955; box 21\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 6. College Bulletin and Other Material; 1882-1951; boxes 21, 22, 24\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 7. Student Affairs; 1907-1955; boxes 23a-23b\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 8. Minute Books; 1898-1944; box 27a\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 9. Newspaper and Magazine Clippings; 1895, 1920, 1947, 1963-1964; box 27b\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 10. Miscellaneous; 1867-1897, 1922-1940; box 28\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 11. Diary of Henry T. McDonald; 1899-1900; box 28\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 12. Photographs; ca. 1870-1955; boxes 31-32\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 13. General Correspondence; ca. 1854-1950; boxes 33-41\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 14. Memorabilia; 1938, undated; boxes 42-45\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 15. Motion Pictures; 1940s, 1946; box 46\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 16. Oversize Photographs; ca. 1895-1955; boxes 47-4\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Records of Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry. This collection contains both institutional records and personal papers related to the College.","Types of records include correspondence, business papers, photographs, memorabilia, issues of the Storer Record (the Storer College newspaper), financial records, scrapbooks, bulletins, minute books, newspaper and magazine clippings, diaries, motion pictures, and miscellaneous material.","Highlights of the collection include records regarding the early years of Storer College; correspondence and papers of Henry J. McDonald, who served as president of Storer College president from 1899 to 1945; correspondence and other material regarding the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP); and correspondence and photographs regarding the service of Storer College students during World War I and World War II.","The collection is organized into sixteen series, including:","Series 1. Correspondence and Business Papers; ca. 1865-1964; boxes 1-12, 15-18a, 19, 25-26, 29-30\nSeries 2. Storer Record -- Newspaper; 1892-1931, 1940, 1942; boxes 13-14, 18b\nSeries 3. Financial Records and Other Material; 1912, 1939, 1953-1954; box 18b\nSeries 4. Scrapbooks and Miscellaneous Publications; ca. 1875-1950; boxes 20a-20b\nSeries 5. Financial and Other Record Books; 1913-1955; box 21\nSeries 6. College Bulletin and Other Material; 1882-1951; boxes 21, 22, 24\nSeries 7. Student Affairs; 1907-1955; boxes 23a-23b\nSeries 8. Minute Books; 1898-1944; box 27a\nSeries 9. Newspaper and Magazine Clippings; 1895, 1920, 1947, 1963-1964; box 27b\nSeries 10. Miscellaneous; 1867-1897, 1922-1940; box 28\nSeries 11. Diary of Henry T. McDonald; 1899-1900; box 28\nSeries 12. Photographs; ca. 1870-1955; boxes 31-32\nSeries 13. General Correspondence; ca. 1854-1950; boxes 33-41\nSeries 14. Memorabilia; 1938, undated; boxes 42-45\nSeries 15. Motion Pictures; 1940s, 1946; box 46\nSeries 16. Oversize Photographs; ca. 1895-1955; boxes 47-4"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_0d4724ea26866aec4999740c9cc0782b\"\u003eRecords of Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry. Types of records include correspondence, business papers, photographs, memorabilia, issues of the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eStorer Record\u003c/emph\u003e (the Storer College newspaper), financial records, scrapbooks, bulletins, minute books, newspaper and magazine clippings, diaries, motion pictures, and miscellaneous material. Includes records regarding the early years of the College, among other topics. See \"Scope and Content Note\" and \"Historical Note\" for further information.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Records of Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry. Types of records include correspondence, business papers, photographs, memorabilia, issues of the Storer Record (the Storer College newspaper), financial records, scrapbooks, bulletins, minute books, newspaper and magazine clippings, diaries, motion pictures, and miscellaneous material. Includes records regarding the early years of the College, among other topics. See \"Scope and Content Note\" and \"Historical Note\" for further information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_4bed183d3e7f70e266b38b031bbfefee\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","National Education Association of the United States","New England Free Will Baptist Association","United States. Veterans Administration","Storer Normal School"],"names_coll_ssim":["National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","National Education Association of the United States","New England Free Will Baptist Association","Storer College","United States. Veterans Administration","Storer Normal School","Brackett, Louise Wood.","Brackett, Rev. Nathan.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955","Malone, Weldon C.","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","McKinney, Richard I.","Smith, Ella V.","Stewart, J.D."],"persname_ssim":["Brackett, Louise Wood.","Brackett, Rev. Nathan.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955","Malone, Weldon C.","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","McKinney, Richard I.","Smith, Ella V.","Stewart, J.D."],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","National Education Association of the United States","New England Free Will Baptist Association","United States. Veterans Administration","Storer Normal School","Brackett, Louise Wood.","Brackett, Rev. Nathan.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955","Malone, Weldon C.","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","McKinney, Richard I.","Smith, Ella V.","Stewart, J.D."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":378,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:58:54.843Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_643","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_643","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_643","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_643","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_643.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/195144","title_ssm":["Storer College Correspondence, Business Papers and Other Material"],"title_tesim":["Storer College Correspondence, Business Papers and Other Material"],"unitdate_ssm":["1854-1964"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1854-1964"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1854/1964"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Storer College Correspondence, Business Papers and Other Material, 1854/1964"],"text":["Storer College Correspondence, Business Papers and Other Material, 1854/1964","A\u0026M 2621","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/643","Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","West Virginia -- Race relations","Account books","African Americans  -- Education (Higher)","African Americans - Schools for Freedmen.","Diaries and journals.","Education","Ledger books.","Missionaries","Newspapers.","Photographs.","Schools - Jefferson County.","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Scrapbooks","Segregation in education","Teachers' letters and papers.","Universities and colleges","Women --  Education","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- 1929-1950","Women's history -- 1951-present","World War, 1914-1918 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1914-1918","African Americans  -- Education -- West Virginia","No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department.","Storer College of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, emerged from the aftermath of the Civil War with the purpose of educating former slaves who were now facing the world with few skills and no education. It began in 1865 as a school in the Lockwood House, a private residence, with the support of the Freewill Baptist Home Mission Society of New England under Reverend Nathan Cook Brackett; in 1867 it officially became Storer Normal School, with the mission of training teachers; and in 1938 Storer became a College. The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.","Although there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.","The philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.","the beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry.","Though Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.","In addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagara Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagara Movement.","This historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia.","1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621","Records of Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry. This collection contains both institutional records and personal papers related to the College.","Types of records include correspondence, business papers, photographs, memorabilia, issues of the Storer Record (the Storer College newspaper), financial records, scrapbooks, bulletins, minute books, newspaper and magazine clippings, diaries, motion pictures, and miscellaneous material.","Highlights of the collection include records regarding the early years of Storer College; correspondence and papers of Henry J. McDonald, who served as president of Storer College president from 1899 to 1945; correspondence and other material regarding the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP); and correspondence and photographs regarding the service of Storer College students during World War I and World War II.","The collection is organized into sixteen series, including:","Series 1. Correspondence and Business Papers; ca. 1865-1964; boxes 1-12, 15-18a, 19, 25-26, 29-30\nSeries 2. Storer Record -- Newspaper; 1892-1931, 1940, 1942; boxes 13-14, 18b\nSeries 3. Financial Records and Other Material; 1912, 1939, 1953-1954; box 18b\nSeries 4. Scrapbooks and Miscellaneous Publications; ca. 1875-1950; boxes 20a-20b\nSeries 5. Financial and Other Record Books; 1913-1955; box 21\nSeries 6. College Bulletin and Other Material; 1882-1951; boxes 21, 22, 24\nSeries 7. Student Affairs; 1907-1955; boxes 23a-23b\nSeries 8. Minute Books; 1898-1944; box 27a\nSeries 9. Newspaper and Magazine Clippings; 1895, 1920, 1947, 1963-1964; box 27b\nSeries 10. Miscellaneous; 1867-1897, 1922-1940; box 28\nSeries 11. Diary of Henry T. McDonald; 1899-1900; box 28\nSeries 12. Photographs; ca. 1870-1955; boxes 31-32\nSeries 13. General Correspondence; ca. 1854-1950; boxes 33-41\nSeries 14. Memorabilia; 1938, undated; boxes 42-45\nSeries 15. Motion Pictures; 1940s, 1946; box 46\nSeries 16. Oversize Photographs; ca. 1895-1955; boxes 47-4","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Records of Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry. Types of records include correspondence, business papers, photographs, memorabilia, issues of the Storer Record (the Storer College newspaper), financial records, scrapbooks, bulletins, minute books, newspaper and magazine clippings, diaries, motion pictures, and miscellaneous material. Includes records regarding the early years of the College, among other topics. See \"Scope and Content Note\" and \"Historical Note\" for further information.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","National Education Association of the United States","New England Free Will Baptist Association","United States. Veterans Administration","Storer Normal School","Brackett, Louise Wood.","Brackett, Rev. Nathan.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955","Malone, Weldon C.","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","McKinney, Richard I.","Smith, Ella V.","Stewart, J.D.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Storer College Correspondence, Business Papers and Other Material, 1854/1964"],"collection_ssim":["Storer College Correspondence, Business Papers and Other Material, 1854/1964"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 2621","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/643"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 2621","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/643"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","West Virginia -- Race relations"],"geogname_ssim":["Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","West Virginia -- Race relations"],"places_ssim":["Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","West Virginia -- Race relations"],"creator_ssm":["Storer College"],"creator_ssim":["Storer College"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Brackett, Louise Wood.","Brackett, Rev. Nathan.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955","Malone, Weldon C.","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","McKinney, Richard I.","Smith, Ella V.","Stewart, J.D."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","National Education Association of the United States","New England Free Will Baptist Association","United States. Veterans Administration","Storer Normal School"],"creators_ssim":["Brackett, Louise Wood.","Brackett, Rev. Nathan.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955","Malone, Weldon C.","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","McKinney, Richard I.","Smith, Ella V.","Stewart, J.D.","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","National Education Association of the United States","New England Free Will Baptist Association","United States. Veterans Administration","Storer Normal School"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Account books","African Americans  -- Education (Higher)","African Americans - Schools for Freedmen.","Diaries and journals.","Education","Ledger books.","Missionaries","Newspapers.","Photographs.","Schools - Jefferson County.","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Scrapbooks","Segregation in education","Teachers' letters and papers.","Universities and colleges","Women --  Education","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- 1929-1950","Women's history -- 1951-present","World War, 1914-1918 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1914-1918","African Americans  -- Education -- West Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Account books","African Americans  -- Education (Higher)","African Americans - Schools for Freedmen.","Diaries and journals.","Education","Ledger books.","Missionaries","Newspapers.","Photographs.","Schools - Jefferson County.","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Scrapbooks","Segregation in education","Teachers' letters and papers.","Universities and colleges","Women --  Education","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- 1929-1950","Women's history -- 1951-present","World War, 1914-1918 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1914-1918","African Americans  -- Education -- West Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["21.3 Linear Feet Summary: 21 ft. 4 in. (39 document cases, 5 in. each); (4 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (2 records cartons, 15 in. each); (1 small flat storage box, 3 in.); (1 large flat storage box, 3 in.); (2 large flat storage boxes, 3 1/2 in. each); (1 card file box, 4 in.); (1 roll storage box, 4 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["21.3 Linear Feet Summary: 21 ft. 4 in. (39 document cases, 5 in. each); (4 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (2 records cartons, 15 in. each); (1 small flat storage box, 3 in.); (1 large flat storage box, 3 in.); (2 large flat storage boxes, 3 1/2 in. each); (1 card file box, 4 in.); (1 roll storage box, 4 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the \u003ca href=\"https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eStorer College of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, emerged from the aftermath of the Civil War with the purpose of educating former slaves who were now facing the world with few skills and no education. It began in 1865 as a school in the Lockwood House, a private residence, with the support of the Freewill Baptist Home Mission Society of New England under Reverend Nathan Cook Brackett; in 1867 it officially became Storer Normal School, with the mission of training teachers; and in 1938 Storer became a College. The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ethe beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThough Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagara Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagara Movement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Storer College of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, emerged from the aftermath of the Civil War with the purpose of educating former slaves who were now facing the world with few skills and no education. It began in 1865 as a school in the Lockwood House, a private residence, with the support of the Freewill Baptist Home Mission Society of New England under Reverend Nathan Cook Brackett; in 1867 it officially became Storer Normal School, with the mission of training teachers; and in 1938 Storer became a College. The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.","Although there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.","The philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.","the beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry.","Though Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.","In addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagara Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagara Movement.","This historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Storer College Correspondence, Business Papers and Other Material, A\u0026amp;M 2621, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Storer College Correspondence, Business Papers and Other Material, A\u0026M 2621, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords of Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry. This collection contains both institutional records and personal papers related to the College.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTypes of records include correspondence, business papers, photographs, memorabilia, issues of the Storer Record (the Storer College newspaper), financial records, scrapbooks, bulletins, minute books, newspaper and magazine clippings, diaries, motion pictures, and miscellaneous material.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHighlights of the collection include records regarding the early years of Storer College; correspondence and papers of Henry J. McDonald, who served as president of Storer College president from 1899 to 1945; correspondence and other material regarding the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP); and correspondence and photographs regarding the service of Storer College students during World War I and World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into sixteen series, including:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1. Correspondence and Business Papers; ca. 1865-1964; boxes 1-12, 15-18a, 19, 25-26, 29-30\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 2. Storer Record -- Newspaper; 1892-1931, 1940, 1942; boxes 13-14, 18b\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 3. Financial Records and Other Material; 1912, 1939, 1953-1954; box 18b\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 4. Scrapbooks and Miscellaneous Publications; ca. 1875-1950; boxes 20a-20b\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 5. Financial and Other Record Books; 1913-1955; box 21\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 6. College Bulletin and Other Material; 1882-1951; boxes 21, 22, 24\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 7. Student Affairs; 1907-1955; boxes 23a-23b\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 8. Minute Books; 1898-1944; box 27a\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 9. Newspaper and Magazine Clippings; 1895, 1920, 1947, 1963-1964; box 27b\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 10. Miscellaneous; 1867-1897, 1922-1940; box 28\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 11. Diary of Henry T. McDonald; 1899-1900; box 28\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 12. Photographs; ca. 1870-1955; boxes 31-32\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 13. General Correspondence; ca. 1854-1950; boxes 33-41\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 14. Memorabilia; 1938, undated; boxes 42-45\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 15. Motion Pictures; 1940s, 1946; box 46\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 16. Oversize Photographs; ca. 1895-1955; boxes 47-4\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Records of Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry. This collection contains both institutional records and personal papers related to the College.","Types of records include correspondence, business papers, photographs, memorabilia, issues of the Storer Record (the Storer College newspaper), financial records, scrapbooks, bulletins, minute books, newspaper and magazine clippings, diaries, motion pictures, and miscellaneous material.","Highlights of the collection include records regarding the early years of Storer College; correspondence and papers of Henry J. McDonald, who served as president of Storer College president from 1899 to 1945; correspondence and other material regarding the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP); and correspondence and photographs regarding the service of Storer College students during World War I and World War II.","The collection is organized into sixteen series, including:","Series 1. Correspondence and Business Papers; ca. 1865-1964; boxes 1-12, 15-18a, 19, 25-26, 29-30\nSeries 2. Storer Record -- Newspaper; 1892-1931, 1940, 1942; boxes 13-14, 18b\nSeries 3. Financial Records and Other Material; 1912, 1939, 1953-1954; box 18b\nSeries 4. Scrapbooks and Miscellaneous Publications; ca. 1875-1950; boxes 20a-20b\nSeries 5. Financial and Other Record Books; 1913-1955; box 21\nSeries 6. College Bulletin and Other Material; 1882-1951; boxes 21, 22, 24\nSeries 7. Student Affairs; 1907-1955; boxes 23a-23b\nSeries 8. Minute Books; 1898-1944; box 27a\nSeries 9. Newspaper and Magazine Clippings; 1895, 1920, 1947, 1963-1964; box 27b\nSeries 10. Miscellaneous; 1867-1897, 1922-1940; box 28\nSeries 11. Diary of Henry T. McDonald; 1899-1900; box 28\nSeries 12. Photographs; ca. 1870-1955; boxes 31-32\nSeries 13. General Correspondence; ca. 1854-1950; boxes 33-41\nSeries 14. Memorabilia; 1938, undated; boxes 42-45\nSeries 15. Motion Pictures; 1940s, 1946; box 46\nSeries 16. Oversize Photographs; ca. 1895-1955; boxes 47-4"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_0d4724ea26866aec4999740c9cc0782b\"\u003eRecords of Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry. Types of records include correspondence, business papers, photographs, memorabilia, issues of the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eStorer Record\u003c/emph\u003e (the Storer College newspaper), financial records, scrapbooks, bulletins, minute books, newspaper and magazine clippings, diaries, motion pictures, and miscellaneous material. Includes records regarding the early years of the College, among other topics. See \"Scope and Content Note\" and \"Historical Note\" for further information.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Records of Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry. Types of records include correspondence, business papers, photographs, memorabilia, issues of the Storer Record (the Storer College newspaper), financial records, scrapbooks, bulletins, minute books, newspaper and magazine clippings, diaries, motion pictures, and miscellaneous material. Includes records regarding the early years of the College, among other topics. See \"Scope and Content Note\" and \"Historical Note\" for further information."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_4bed183d3e7f70e266b38b031bbfefee\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","National Education Association of the United States","New England Free Will Baptist Association","United States. Veterans Administration","Storer Normal School"],"names_coll_ssim":["National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","National Education Association of the United States","New England Free Will Baptist Association","Storer College","United States. Veterans Administration","Storer Normal School","Brackett, Louise Wood.","Brackett, Rev. Nathan.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955","Malone, Weldon C.","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","McKinney, Richard I.","Smith, Ella V.","Stewart, J.D."],"persname_ssim":["Brackett, Louise Wood.","Brackett, Rev. Nathan.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955","Malone, Weldon C.","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","McKinney, Richard I.","Smith, Ella V.","Stewart, J.D."],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","National Education Association of the United States","New England Free Will Baptist Association","United States. Veterans Administration","Storer Normal School","Brackett, Louise Wood.","Brackett, Rev. Nathan.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","Holt, Rush Dew, 1905-1955","Malone, Weldon C.","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","McKinney, Richard I.","Smith, Ella V.","Stewart, J.D."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":378,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:58:54.843Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_643"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4370","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Storer College Records, 1908/1943","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4370#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Storer College","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4370#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eDocuments regarding Storer College at Harpers Ferry, West Virginia. The collection includes a prospectus regarding the nature, history, and future of the college (1908); an invitation to the unveiling and dedication of a memorial to Heyward Shepherd (1931); a program for the Twentieth Founders Day Exercises (1943); and a transcript of an address given by Storer College alumnus and professor William A. Saunders for the Twentieth Founders Day Exercises (1943). Please see \"Historical Note\" for further information regarding Storer College.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4370#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4370","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4370","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4370","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4370","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_4370.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/197981","title_ssm":["Storer College Records"],"title_tesim":["Storer College Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1908-1943"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1908-1943"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1908/1943"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Storer College Records, 1908/1943"],"text":["Storer College Records, 1908/1943","A\u0026M 1131","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4370","Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","African Americans  -- Education (Higher)","African Americans - Schools for Freedmen.","Education","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Universities and colleges","Missionaries","No special access restriction applies.","Storer College of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, emerged from the aftermath of the Civil War with the purpose of educating former slaves who were now facing the world with few skills and no education. It began in 1865 as a school in the Lockwood House, a private residence, with the support of the Freewill Baptist Home Mission Society of New England under Reverend Nathan Cook Brackett; in 1867 it officially became Storer Normal School, with the mission of training teachers; and in 1938 Storer became a College. The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.","Although there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.","The philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.","In the beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry.","Though Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.","In addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagra Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagra Movement.","[This historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia.]","1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621","Documents regarding Storer College at Harpers Ferry, West Virginia. The collection includes a prospectus regarding the nature, history, and future of the college (1908); an invitation to the unveiling and dedication of a memorial to Heyward Shepherd (1931); a program for the Twentieth Founders Day Exercises (1943); and a transcript of an address given by Storer College alumnus and professor William A. Saunders for the Twentieth Founders Day Exercises (1943). Please see \"Historical Note\" for further information regarding Storer College.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","Saunders, William A.","Shepherd, Heyward, -1859","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Storer College Records, 1908/1943"],"collection_ssim":["Storer College Records, 1908/1943"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 1131","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4370"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 1131","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4370"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Storer College"],"creator_ssim":["Storer College"],"creator_persname_ssim":["McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","Saunders, William A.","Shepherd, Heyward, -1859"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College"],"creators_ssim":["McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","Saunders, William A.","Shepherd, Heyward, -1859","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans  -- Education (Higher)","African Americans - Schools for Freedmen.","Education","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Universities and colleges","Missionaries"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans  -- Education (Higher)","African Americans - Schools for Freedmen.","Education","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Universities and colleges","Missionaries"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.01 Linear Feet Summary: 1/4 in. (1 folder)"],"extent_tesim":["0.01 Linear Feet Summary: 1/4 in. (1 folder)"],"date_range_isim":[1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eStorer College of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, emerged from the aftermath of the Civil War with the purpose of educating former slaves who were now facing the world with few skills and no education. It began in 1865 as a school in the Lockwood House, a private residence, with the support of the Freewill Baptist Home Mission Society of New England under Reverend Nathan Cook Brackett; in 1867 it officially became Storer Normal School, with the mission of training teachers; and in 1938 Storer became a College. The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThough Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagra Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagra Movement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[This historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia.]\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Storer College of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, emerged from the aftermath of the Civil War with the purpose of educating former slaves who were now facing the world with few skills and no education. It began in 1865 as a school in the Lockwood House, a private residence, with the support of the Freewill Baptist Home Mission Society of New England under Reverend Nathan Cook Brackett; in 1867 it officially became Storer Normal School, with the mission of training teachers; and in 1938 Storer became a College. The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.","Although there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.","The philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.","In the beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry.","Though Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.","In addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagra Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagra Movement.","[This historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia.]"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Storer College Records, A\u0026amp;M 1131, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Storer College Records, A\u0026M 1131, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDocuments regarding Storer College at Harpers Ferry, West Virginia. The collection includes a prospectus regarding the nature, history, and future of the college (1908); an invitation to the unveiling and dedication of a memorial to Heyward Shepherd (1931); a program for the Twentieth Founders Day Exercises (1943); and a transcript of an address given by Storer College alumnus and professor William A. Saunders for the Twentieth Founders Day Exercises (1943). Please see \"Historical Note\" for further information regarding Storer College.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Documents regarding Storer College at Harpers Ferry, West Virginia. The collection includes a prospectus regarding the nature, history, and future of the college (1908); an invitation to the unveiling and dedication of a memorial to Heyward Shepherd (1931); a program for the Twentieth Founders Day Exercises (1943); and a transcript of an address given by Storer College alumnus and professor William A. 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