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The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Broadside order written in Williamsburg by Brigadier General George Weedon on 6 April 1781, ordering Moss Armistead and John Slaughter to Portsmouth, Virginia to apply to the commanding officer of the British Army for exchange of prisoners and liberation of slaves.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Armistead, Moss","Slaughter, John","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Brigadier General George Weedon Military Order, 1781"],"collection_ssim":["Brigadier General George Weedon Military Order, 1781"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 00913","/repositories/2/resources/3340"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 00913","/repositories/2/resources/3340"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Williamsburg (Va.)--History--Revolution, 1775-1783"],"geogname_ssim":["Williamsburg (Va.)--History--Revolution, 1775-1783"],"places_ssim":["Williamsburg (Va.)--History--Revolution, 1775-1783"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Armistead, Moss","Slaughter, John"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["Armistead, Moss","Slaughter, John","Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Slavery--Virginia--18th century","Orders (military records)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Slavery--Virginia--18th century","Orders (military records)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.01 Linear Foot"],"extent_tesim":["0.01 Linear Foot"],"genreform_ssim":["Orders (military records)"],"date_range_isim":[1781],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. 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Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBrigadier General George Weedon Military Order, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Brigadier General George Weedon Military Order, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBroadside order written in Williamsburg by Brigadier General George Weedon on 6 April 1781, ordering Moss Armistead and John Slaughter to Portsmouth, Virginia to apply to the commanding officer of the British Army for exchange of prisoners and liberation of slaves.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Broadside order written in Williamsburg by Brigadier General George Weedon on 6 April 1781, ordering Moss Armistead and John Slaughter to Portsmouth, Virginia to apply to the commanding officer of the British Army for exchange of prisoners and liberation of slaves."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Armistead, Moss","Slaughter, John"],"names_coll_ssim":["Armistead, Moss","Slaughter, John"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Armistead, Moss","Slaughter, John"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:02:25.478Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_3340","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_3340","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_3340","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_3340","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_3340.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Weedon, George, Brigadier General Military Order","title_ssm":["Brigadier General George Weedon Military Order"],"title_tesim":["Brigadier General George Weedon Military Order"],"unitdate_ssm":["1781 April 6"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1781 April 6"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1781"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Brigadier General George Weedon Military Order, 1781"],"text":["Brigadier General George Weedon Military Order, 1781","SC 00913","/repositories/2/resources/3340","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--Revolution, 1775-1783","Slavery--Virginia--18th century","Orders (military records)","Collection is open to all researchers. 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Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBrigadier General George Weedon Military Order, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Brigadier General George Weedon Military Order, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBroadside order written in Williamsburg by Brigadier General George Weedon on 6 April 1781, ordering Moss Armistead and John Slaughter to Portsmouth, Virginia to apply to the commanding officer of the British Army for exchange of prisoners and liberation of slaves.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Broadside order written in Williamsburg by Brigadier General George Weedon on 6 April 1781, ordering Moss Armistead and John Slaughter to Portsmouth, Virginia to apply to the commanding officer of the British Army for exchange of prisoners and liberation of slaves."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Armistead, Moss","Slaughter, John"],"names_coll_ssim":["Armistead, Moss","Slaughter, John"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Armistead, Moss","Slaughter, John"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:02:25.478Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_3340"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9246","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Carter Family Papers, 1667/1862, bulk 1792/1861","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9246#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Carter, Robert  (\"King\"), 1663-1732","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9246#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes: correspondence and land records of Robert \"King\" Carter; correspondence and land records of his sons Robert Carter (1704-1731) and Landon Carter (1710-1778); correspondence, accounts, land records and the appointment to the Virginia Council of Robert Carter (1728-1804), son of Robert Carter (1704-1731); correspondence, diaries, land records and accounts of Robert Wormeley Carter (1734-1804), son of Landon Carter of Sabine Hall; and correspondence and land records and papers concerning the estate of Robert Carter's grandson, Landon Carter (1757-1820).\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9246#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9246","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9246","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9246","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9246","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9246.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Carter Family Papers","title_ssm":["Carter Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Carter Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1667-1862","1792-1861"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1667-1862"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1792-1861"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1667/1862, bulk 1792/1861"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Carter Family Papers, 1667/1862, bulk 1792/1861"],"text":["Carter Family Papers, 1667/1862, bulk 1792/1861","Mss. 39.1 C24","/repositories/2/resources/9246","Virginia--Politics and Government--18th century","Virginia--Politics and Government--19th century","Agriculture--Virginia--History--18th century","Horse racing--Virginia","Legal documents","Plantation life--Virginia","Slavery--Virginia--18th century","Slavery--Virginia--19th century","Tobacco--Virginia--History--18th century","Tobacco--Virginia--History--19th century","United States--Politics and Government","Correspondence","Diaries","Financial records","Receipts (financial records)","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","All papers which could be definitely identified with a person of some importance are grouped under the name of that person. These groups are arranged by alphabetical order. Persons of the same name are distinguished by dates of birth and death, or by their relationship to other persons whose dates are known.The general files (Folder 103-109) are placed after this alphabetical series (Folders 1-102). These files are separated into categories using appropriate classifications. Letters and papers belonging to estates, suits, etc., are filed with their respective groups. Likewise other letters and papers are listed either in the alphabetically arranged groups mentioned above, or in the general files.","Organization: This collection is organized into the following series and subserie:\n Series 1: People Files, Subseries are: Carter, Miss; Carter, (Miss C.); Carter (Charles) of Cleve, 1707-1764; Carter (Charles) of Shirley, 1732-1806; Carter (Elizabeth) [wife of Landon Carter, 1710-1778]; Carter (Elizabeth) [daughter of Robert W. Carter, 1792-1861] ; Carter (Elizabeth L.) [sister of Robert W. Carter, 1792-1861]; Carter (George) [son of Robert \"Councillor\" Carter]; Carter (George B.) estate; Carter (John Armistead) guardianship; Carter (Kate); Carter (Landon) 1710-1778 ;Carter (Landon, Jr.) [son of Landon Carter, 1710-1778]; Carter (Landon) 1756-1820, estate; Carter (Landon, Jr.) [half-brother of Robert W. Carter, 1792-1861] ;Carter (Robert \"King\") 1663-1732; Carter (Robert) of Nomini, born c. 1704, died 1731; Carter (Robert \"Councillor\") of Nomini, 1728-1804; Carter (Robert Wormeley) 1734-1797 ; Carter (Robert W.) 1792-1861; Carter (Robert W.) 1792-1861 ; Tayloe (John) estate.       \nSeries 2: General files. Subseries: Accounts, invoices, receipts; Letters; Other papers; Printed matter; Unidentified pieces and fragments; Labels, covers and envelopes","Robert \"King\" Carter (1663-1732) was a colonial official and landholder (300,000 acres). His sons were Robert Carter (1704-1731) and Landon Carter (1710-1778) of \"Sabine Hall.\" Grandsons of Robert Carter included Robert \"Councillor\" Carter (1728-1804) of \"Nomini\" and Robert Wormeley Carter (1734-1797).","Other Information:","Additional information may be found at http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00031.frame","When available, microfilm, photocopies, digital surrogates, or other reproductions must be used in place of original documents.","This current finding aid is also available in the microfilm format at the Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary. An additional index can be found at: National Inventory of Documentary Sources in the United States available from Chadwyck-Healey, Inc., 1021 Prince Street, Alexandria, Va. 22314.","The collection includes: correspondence and land records of Robert \"King\" Carter; correspondence and land records of his sons Robert Carter (1704-1731) and Landon Carter (1710-1778); correspondence, accounts, land records and the appointment to the Virginia Council of Robert Carter (1728-1804), son of Robert Carter (1704-1731); correspondence, diaries, land records and accounts of Robert Wormeley Carter (1734-1804), son of Landon Carter of Sabine Hall; and correspondence and land records and papers concerning the estate of Robert Carter's grandson, Landon Carter (1757-1820).","The bulk of the collection consists of the papers of Robert Wormeley Carter (1792-1861) including his correspondence with Robley Dunglison, John Tyler, John Tayloe Lomax, Edmund Ruffin, Robert Young Conrad and members of the Tayloe family as well as his diaries and accounts arranged by subject. [Note: in May 2012, the diaries of Robert W. Carter (Subseries 6, Folder 91) were removed and catalogued as Rare Books].","Subjects covered in the collection include plantation life, horse-racing, real property, nineteenth-century Virginia politics, enslaved persons, and tobacco. In addition, there are miscellaneous eighteenth-century land and legal documents.","Also accessible on microfilm: Carter Papers, 1667-1862, in Swem Library's microforms area, 1 reel, call number HD1471 .U5 R43 ser.L Part 1.","In May 2012, the diaries of Robert W. Carter (Subseries 6, Folder 91: Diaries of Robert W. Carter) were removed from the Carter Family Papers and catalogued as Rare Books under: AY 326.R5 W3 1836 AY 326.R5 W3 1844 AY 326.R5 W3 1846 AY 35.R5 C6 1838 AY 35.R5 C6 1859","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Carter, Robert  (\"King\"), 1663-1732","Tyler, John, 1790-1862","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Carter Family Papers, 1667/1862, bulk 1792/1861"],"collection_ssim":["Carter Family Papers, 1667/1862, bulk 1792/1861"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. 39.1 C24","/repositories/2/resources/9246"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. 39.1 C24","/repositories/2/resources/9246"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia--Politics and Government--18th century","Virginia--Politics and Government--19th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia--Politics and Government--18th century","Virginia--Politics and Government--19th century"],"places_ssim":["Virginia--Politics and Government--18th century","Virginia--Politics and Government--19th century"],"creator_ssm":["Carter, Robert  (\"King\"), 1663-1732","Tyler, John, 1790-1862"],"creator_ssim":["Carter, Robert  (\"King\"), 1663-1732","Tyler, John, 1790-1862"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Carter, Robert  (\"King\"), 1663-1732","Tyler, John, 1790-1862"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["Carter, Robert  (\"King\"), 1663-1732","Tyler, John, 1790-1862","Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased: 8,602 items 12/31/1935; 2 items in November 1938."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Agriculture--Virginia--History--18th century","Horse racing--Virginia","Legal documents","Plantation life--Virginia","Slavery--Virginia--18th century","Slavery--Virginia--19th century","Tobacco--Virginia--History--18th century","Tobacco--Virginia--History--19th century","United States--Politics and Government","Correspondence","Diaries","Financial records","Receipts (financial records)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Agriculture--Virginia--History--18th century","Horse racing--Virginia","Legal documents","Plantation life--Virginia","Slavery--Virginia--18th century","Slavery--Virginia--19th century","Tobacco--Virginia--History--18th century","Tobacco--Virginia--History--19th century","United States--Politics and Government","Correspondence","Diaries","Financial records","Receipts (financial records)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8609.00 Items 28 Century Boxes"],"extent_tesim":["8609.00 Items 28 Century Boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Diaries","Financial records","Receipts (financial records)"],"date_range_isim":[1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll papers which could be definitely identified with a person of some importance are grouped under the name of that person. These groups are arranged by alphabetical order. Persons of the same name are distinguished by dates of birth and death, or by their relationship to other persons whose dates are known.The general files (Folder 103-109) are placed after this alphabetical series (Folders 1-102). These files are separated into categories using appropriate classifications. Letters and papers belonging to estates, suits, etc., are filed with their respective groups. Likewise other letters and papers are listed either in the alphabetically arranged groups mentioned above, or in the general files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Organization: This collection is organized into the following series and subserie:\n Series 1: People Files, Subseries are: Carter, Miss; Carter, (Miss C.); Carter (Charles) of Cleve, 1707-1764; Carter (Charles) of Shirley, 1732-1806; Carter (Elizabeth) [wife of Landon Carter, 1710-1778]; Carter (Elizabeth) [daughter of Robert W. Carter, 1792-1861] ; Carter (Elizabeth L.) [sister of Robert W. Carter, 1792-1861]; Carter (George) [son of Robert \"Councillor\" Carter]; Carter (George B.) estate; Carter (John Armistead) guardianship; Carter (Kate); Carter (Landon) 1710-1778 ;Carter (Landon, Jr.) [son of Landon Carter, 1710-1778]; Carter (Landon) 1756-1820, estate; Carter (Landon, Jr.) [half-brother of Robert W. Carter, 1792-1861] ;Carter (Robert \"King\") 1663-1732; Carter (Robert) of Nomini, born c. 1704, died 1731; Carter (Robert \"Councillor\") of Nomini, 1728-1804; Carter (Robert Wormeley) 1734-1797 ; Carter (Robert W.) 1792-1861; Carter (Robert W.) 1792-1861 ; Tayloe (John) estate.       \nSeries 2: General files. Subseries: Accounts, invoices, receipts; Letters; Other papers; Printed matter; Unidentified pieces and fragments; Labels, covers and envelopes\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["All papers which could be definitely identified with a person of some importance are grouped under the name of that person. These groups are arranged by alphabetical order. Persons of the same name are distinguished by dates of birth and death, or by their relationship to other persons whose dates are known.The general files (Folder 103-109) are placed after this alphabetical series (Folders 1-102). These files are separated into categories using appropriate classifications. Letters and papers belonging to estates, suits, etc., are filed with their respective groups. Likewise other letters and papers are listed either in the alphabetically arranged groups mentioned above, or in the general files.","Organization: This collection is organized into the following series and subserie:\n Series 1: People Files, Subseries are: Carter, Miss; Carter, (Miss C.); Carter (Charles) of Cleve, 1707-1764; Carter (Charles) of Shirley, 1732-1806; Carter (Elizabeth) [wife of Landon Carter, 1710-1778]; Carter (Elizabeth) [daughter of Robert W. Carter, 1792-1861] ; Carter (Elizabeth L.) [sister of Robert W. Carter, 1792-1861]; Carter (George) [son of Robert \"Councillor\" Carter]; Carter (George B.) estate; Carter (John Armistead) guardianship; Carter (Kate); Carter (Landon) 1710-1778 ;Carter (Landon, Jr.) [son of Landon Carter, 1710-1778]; Carter (Landon) 1756-1820, estate; Carter (Landon, Jr.) [half-brother of Robert W. Carter, 1792-1861] ;Carter (Robert \"King\") 1663-1732; Carter (Robert) of Nomini, born c. 1704, died 1731; Carter (Robert \"Councillor\") of Nomini, 1728-1804; Carter (Robert Wormeley) 1734-1797 ; Carter (Robert W.) 1792-1861; Carter (Robert W.) 1792-1861 ; Tayloe (John) estate.       \nSeries 2: General files. Subseries: Accounts, invoices, receipts; Letters; Other papers; Printed matter; Unidentified pieces and fragments; Labels, covers and envelopes"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobert \"King\" Carter (1663-1732) was a colonial official and landholder (300,000 acres). His sons were Robert Carter (1704-1731) and Landon Carter (1710-1778) of \"Sabine Hall.\" Grandsons of Robert Carter included Robert \"Councillor\" Carter (1728-1804) of \"Nomini\" and Robert Wormeley Carter (1734-1797).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Family History:"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert \"King\" Carter (1663-1732) was a colonial official and landholder (300,000 acres). His sons were Robert Carter (1704-1731) and Landon Carter (1710-1778) of \"Sabine Hall.\" Grandsons of Robert Carter included Robert \"Councillor\" Carter (1728-1804) of \"Nomini\" and Robert Wormeley Carter (1734-1797)."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOther Information:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Additional information may be found at http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00031.frame\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["Other Information:","Additional information may be found at http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00031.frame"],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWhen available, microfilm, photocopies, digital surrogates, or other reproductions must be used in place of original documents.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Characteristics or Technical Requirements:"],"phystech_tesim":["When available, microfilm, photocopies, digital surrogates, or other reproductions must be used in place of original documents."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCarter Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Carter Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis current finding aid is also available in the microfilm format at the Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary. An additional index can be found at: National Inventory of Documentary Sources in the United States available from Chadwyck-Healey, Inc., 1021 Prince Street, Alexandria, Va. 22314.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["This current finding aid is also available in the microfilm format at the Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary. An additional index can be found at: National Inventory of Documentary Sources in the United States available from Chadwyck-Healey, Inc., 1021 Prince Street, Alexandria, Va. 22314."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes: correspondence and land records of Robert \"King\" Carter; correspondence and land records of his sons Robert Carter (1704-1731) and Landon Carter (1710-1778); correspondence, accounts, land records and the appointment to the Virginia Council of Robert Carter (1728-1804), son of Robert Carter (1704-1731); correspondence, diaries, land records and accounts of Robert Wormeley Carter (1734-1804), son of Landon Carter of Sabine Hall; and correspondence and land records and papers concerning the estate of Robert Carter's grandson, Landon Carter (1757-1820).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e The bulk of the collection consists of the papers of Robert Wormeley Carter (1792-1861) including his correspondence with Robley Dunglison, John Tyler, John Tayloe Lomax, Edmund Ruffin, Robert Young Conrad and members of the Tayloe family as well as his diaries and accounts arranged by subject. [Note: in May 2012, the diaries of Robert W. Carter (Subseries 6, Folder 91) were removed and catalogued as Rare Books].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects covered in the collection include plantation life, horse-racing, real property, nineteenth-century Virginia politics, enslaved persons, and tobacco. In addition, there are miscellaneous eighteenth-century land and legal documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlso accessible on microfilm: Carter Papers, 1667-1862, in Swem Library's microforms area, 1 reel, call number HD1471 .U5 R43 ser.L Part 1.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes: correspondence and land records of Robert \"King\" Carter; correspondence and land records of his sons Robert Carter (1704-1731) and Landon Carter (1710-1778); correspondence, accounts, land records and the appointment to the Virginia Council of Robert Carter (1728-1804), son of Robert Carter (1704-1731); correspondence, diaries, land records and accounts of Robert Wormeley Carter (1734-1804), son of Landon Carter of Sabine Hall; and correspondence and land records and papers concerning the estate of Robert Carter's grandson, Landon Carter (1757-1820).","The bulk of the collection consists of the papers of Robert Wormeley Carter (1792-1861) including his correspondence with Robley Dunglison, John Tyler, John Tayloe Lomax, Edmund Ruffin, Robert Young Conrad and members of the Tayloe family as well as his diaries and accounts arranged by subject. [Note: in May 2012, the diaries of Robert W. Carter (Subseries 6, Folder 91) were removed and catalogued as Rare Books].","Subjects covered in the collection include plantation life, horse-racing, real property, nineteenth-century Virginia politics, enslaved persons, and tobacco. In addition, there are miscellaneous eighteenth-century land and legal documents.","Also accessible on microfilm: Carter Papers, 1667-1862, in Swem Library's microforms area, 1 reel, call number HD1471 .U5 R43 ser.L Part 1."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn May 2012, the diaries of Robert W. Carter (Subseries 6, Folder 91: Diaries of Robert W. Carter) were removed from the Carter Family Papers and catalogued as Rare Books under: AY 326.R5 W3 1836 AY 326.R5 W3 1844 AY 326.R5 W3 1846 AY 35.R5 C6 1838 AY 35.R5 C6 1859\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["In May 2012, the diaries of Robert W. Carter (Subseries 6, Folder 91: Diaries of Robert W. Carter) were removed from the Carter Family Papers and catalogued as Rare Books under: AY 326.R5 W3 1836 AY 326.R5 W3 1844 AY 326.R5 W3 1846 AY 35.R5 C6 1838 AY 35.R5 C6 1859"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Carter, Robert  (\"King\"), 1663-1732","Tyler, John, 1790-1862"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Carter, Robert  (\"King\"), 1663-1732","Tyler, John, 1790-1862"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2058,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:04:58.389Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9246","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9246","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9246","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9246","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9246.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Carter Family Papers","title_ssm":["Carter Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Carter Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1667-1862","1792-1861"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1667-1862"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1792-1861"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1667/1862, bulk 1792/1861"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Carter Family Papers, 1667/1862, bulk 1792/1861"],"text":["Carter Family Papers, 1667/1862, bulk 1792/1861","Mss. 39.1 C24","/repositories/2/resources/9246","Virginia--Politics and Government--18th century","Virginia--Politics and Government--19th century","Agriculture--Virginia--History--18th century","Horse racing--Virginia","Legal documents","Plantation life--Virginia","Slavery--Virginia--18th century","Slavery--Virginia--19th century","Tobacco--Virginia--History--18th century","Tobacco--Virginia--History--19th century","United States--Politics and Government","Correspondence","Diaries","Financial records","Receipts (financial records)","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","All papers which could be definitely identified with a person of some importance are grouped under the name of that person. These groups are arranged by alphabetical order. Persons of the same name are distinguished by dates of birth and death, or by their relationship to other persons whose dates are known.The general files (Folder 103-109) are placed after this alphabetical series (Folders 1-102). These files are separated into categories using appropriate classifications. Letters and papers belonging to estates, suits, etc., are filed with their respective groups. Likewise other letters and papers are listed either in the alphabetically arranged groups mentioned above, or in the general files.","Organization: This collection is organized into the following series and subserie:\n Series 1: People Files, Subseries are: Carter, Miss; Carter, (Miss C.); Carter (Charles) of Cleve, 1707-1764; Carter (Charles) of Shirley, 1732-1806; Carter (Elizabeth) [wife of Landon Carter, 1710-1778]; Carter (Elizabeth) [daughter of Robert W. Carter, 1792-1861] ; Carter (Elizabeth L.) [sister of Robert W. Carter, 1792-1861]; Carter (George) [son of Robert \"Councillor\" Carter]; Carter (George B.) estate; Carter (John Armistead) guardianship; Carter (Kate); Carter (Landon) 1710-1778 ;Carter (Landon, Jr.) [son of Landon Carter, 1710-1778]; Carter (Landon) 1756-1820, estate; Carter (Landon, Jr.) [half-brother of Robert W. Carter, 1792-1861] ;Carter (Robert \"King\") 1663-1732; Carter (Robert) of Nomini, born c. 1704, died 1731; Carter (Robert \"Councillor\") of Nomini, 1728-1804; Carter (Robert Wormeley) 1734-1797 ; Carter (Robert W.) 1792-1861; Carter (Robert W.) 1792-1861 ; Tayloe (John) estate.       \nSeries 2: General files. Subseries: Accounts, invoices, receipts; Letters; Other papers; Printed matter; Unidentified pieces and fragments; Labels, covers and envelopes","Robert \"King\" Carter (1663-1732) was a colonial official and landholder (300,000 acres). His sons were Robert Carter (1704-1731) and Landon Carter (1710-1778) of \"Sabine Hall.\" Grandsons of Robert Carter included Robert \"Councillor\" Carter (1728-1804) of \"Nomini\" and Robert Wormeley Carter (1734-1797).","Other Information:","Additional information may be found at http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00031.frame","When available, microfilm, photocopies, digital surrogates, or other reproductions must be used in place of original documents.","This current finding aid is also available in the microfilm format at the Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary. An additional index can be found at: National Inventory of Documentary Sources in the United States available from Chadwyck-Healey, Inc., 1021 Prince Street, Alexandria, Va. 22314.","The collection includes: correspondence and land records of Robert \"King\" Carter; correspondence and land records of his sons Robert Carter (1704-1731) and Landon Carter (1710-1778); correspondence, accounts, land records and the appointment to the Virginia Council of Robert Carter (1728-1804), son of Robert Carter (1704-1731); correspondence, diaries, land records and accounts of Robert Wormeley Carter (1734-1804), son of Landon Carter of Sabine Hall; and correspondence and land records and papers concerning the estate of Robert Carter's grandson, Landon Carter (1757-1820).","The bulk of the collection consists of the papers of Robert Wormeley Carter (1792-1861) including his correspondence with Robley Dunglison, John Tyler, John Tayloe Lomax, Edmund Ruffin, Robert Young Conrad and members of the Tayloe family as well as his diaries and accounts arranged by subject. [Note: in May 2012, the diaries of Robert W. Carter (Subseries 6, Folder 91) were removed and catalogued as Rare Books].","Subjects covered in the collection include plantation life, horse-racing, real property, nineteenth-century Virginia politics, enslaved persons, and tobacco. In addition, there are miscellaneous eighteenth-century land and legal documents.","Also accessible on microfilm: Carter Papers, 1667-1862, in Swem Library's microforms area, 1 reel, call number HD1471 .U5 R43 ser.L Part 1.","In May 2012, the diaries of Robert W. Carter (Subseries 6, Folder 91: Diaries of Robert W. Carter) were removed from the Carter Family Papers and catalogued as Rare Books under: AY 326.R5 W3 1836 AY 326.R5 W3 1844 AY 326.R5 W3 1846 AY 35.R5 C6 1838 AY 35.R5 C6 1859","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Carter, Robert  (\"King\"), 1663-1732","Tyler, John, 1790-1862","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Carter Family Papers, 1667/1862, bulk 1792/1861"],"collection_ssim":["Carter Family Papers, 1667/1862, bulk 1792/1861"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. 39.1 C24","/repositories/2/resources/9246"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. 39.1 C24","/repositories/2/resources/9246"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia--Politics and Government--18th century","Virginia--Politics and Government--19th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia--Politics and Government--18th century","Virginia--Politics and Government--19th century"],"places_ssim":["Virginia--Politics and Government--18th century","Virginia--Politics and Government--19th century"],"creator_ssm":["Carter, Robert  (\"King\"), 1663-1732","Tyler, John, 1790-1862"],"creator_ssim":["Carter, Robert  (\"King\"), 1663-1732","Tyler, John, 1790-1862"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Carter, Robert  (\"King\"), 1663-1732","Tyler, John, 1790-1862"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["Carter, Robert  (\"King\"), 1663-1732","Tyler, John, 1790-1862","Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased: 8,602 items 12/31/1935; 2 items in November 1938."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Agriculture--Virginia--History--18th century","Horse racing--Virginia","Legal documents","Plantation life--Virginia","Slavery--Virginia--18th century","Slavery--Virginia--19th century","Tobacco--Virginia--History--18th century","Tobacco--Virginia--History--19th century","United States--Politics and Government","Correspondence","Diaries","Financial records","Receipts (financial records)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Agriculture--Virginia--History--18th century","Horse racing--Virginia","Legal documents","Plantation life--Virginia","Slavery--Virginia--18th century","Slavery--Virginia--19th century","Tobacco--Virginia--History--18th century","Tobacco--Virginia--History--19th century","United States--Politics and Government","Correspondence","Diaries","Financial records","Receipts (financial records)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8609.00 Items 28 Century Boxes"],"extent_tesim":["8609.00 Items 28 Century Boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Diaries","Financial records","Receipts (financial records)"],"date_range_isim":[1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll papers which could be definitely identified with a person of some importance are grouped under the name of that person. These groups are arranged by alphabetical order. Persons of the same name are distinguished by dates of birth and death, or by their relationship to other persons whose dates are known.The general files (Folder 103-109) are placed after this alphabetical series (Folders 1-102). These files are separated into categories using appropriate classifications. Letters and papers belonging to estates, suits, etc., are filed with their respective groups. Likewise other letters and papers are listed either in the alphabetically arranged groups mentioned above, or in the general files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Organization: This collection is organized into the following series and subserie:\n Series 1: People Files, Subseries are: Carter, Miss; Carter, (Miss C.); Carter (Charles) of Cleve, 1707-1764; Carter (Charles) of Shirley, 1732-1806; Carter (Elizabeth) [wife of Landon Carter, 1710-1778]; Carter (Elizabeth) [daughter of Robert W. Carter, 1792-1861] ; Carter (Elizabeth L.) [sister of Robert W. Carter, 1792-1861]; Carter (George) [son of Robert \"Councillor\" Carter]; Carter (George B.) estate; Carter (John Armistead) guardianship; Carter (Kate); Carter (Landon) 1710-1778 ;Carter (Landon, Jr.) [son of Landon Carter, 1710-1778]; Carter (Landon) 1756-1820, estate; Carter (Landon, Jr.) [half-brother of Robert W. Carter, 1792-1861] ;Carter (Robert \"King\") 1663-1732; Carter (Robert) of Nomini, born c. 1704, died 1731; Carter (Robert \"Councillor\") of Nomini, 1728-1804; Carter (Robert Wormeley) 1734-1797 ; Carter (Robert W.) 1792-1861; Carter (Robert W.) 1792-1861 ; Tayloe (John) estate.       \nSeries 2: General files. Subseries: Accounts, invoices, receipts; Letters; Other papers; Printed matter; Unidentified pieces and fragments; Labels, covers and envelopes\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["All papers which could be definitely identified with a person of some importance are grouped under the name of that person. These groups are arranged by alphabetical order. Persons of the same name are distinguished by dates of birth and death, or by their relationship to other persons whose dates are known.The general files (Folder 103-109) are placed after this alphabetical series (Folders 1-102). These files are separated into categories using appropriate classifications. Letters and papers belonging to estates, suits, etc., are filed with their respective groups. Likewise other letters and papers are listed either in the alphabetically arranged groups mentioned above, or in the general files.","Organization: This collection is organized into the following series and subserie:\n Series 1: People Files, Subseries are: Carter, Miss; Carter, (Miss C.); Carter (Charles) of Cleve, 1707-1764; Carter (Charles) of Shirley, 1732-1806; Carter (Elizabeth) [wife of Landon Carter, 1710-1778]; Carter (Elizabeth) [daughter of Robert W. Carter, 1792-1861] ; Carter (Elizabeth L.) [sister of Robert W. Carter, 1792-1861]; Carter (George) [son of Robert \"Councillor\" Carter]; Carter (George B.) estate; Carter (John Armistead) guardianship; Carter (Kate); Carter (Landon) 1710-1778 ;Carter (Landon, Jr.) [son of Landon Carter, 1710-1778]; Carter (Landon) 1756-1820, estate; Carter (Landon, Jr.) [half-brother of Robert W. Carter, 1792-1861] ;Carter (Robert \"King\") 1663-1732; Carter (Robert) of Nomini, born c. 1704, died 1731; Carter (Robert \"Councillor\") of Nomini, 1728-1804; Carter (Robert Wormeley) 1734-1797 ; Carter (Robert W.) 1792-1861; Carter (Robert W.) 1792-1861 ; Tayloe (John) estate.       \nSeries 2: General files. Subseries: Accounts, invoices, receipts; Letters; Other papers; Printed matter; Unidentified pieces and fragments; Labels, covers and envelopes"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobert \"King\" Carter (1663-1732) was a colonial official and landholder (300,000 acres). His sons were Robert Carter (1704-1731) and Landon Carter (1710-1778) of \"Sabine Hall.\" Grandsons of Robert Carter included Robert \"Councillor\" Carter (1728-1804) of \"Nomini\" and Robert Wormeley Carter (1734-1797).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Family History:"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert \"King\" Carter (1663-1732) was a colonial official and landholder (300,000 acres). His sons were Robert Carter (1704-1731) and Landon Carter (1710-1778) of \"Sabine Hall.\" Grandsons of Robert Carter included Robert \"Councillor\" Carter (1728-1804) of \"Nomini\" and Robert Wormeley Carter (1734-1797)."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOther Information:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Additional information may be found at http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00031.frame\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["Other Information:","Additional information may be found at http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00031.frame"],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWhen available, microfilm, photocopies, digital surrogates, or other reproductions must be used in place of original documents.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Characteristics or Technical Requirements:"],"phystech_tesim":["When available, microfilm, photocopies, digital surrogates, or other reproductions must be used in place of original documents."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCarter Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Carter Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis current finding aid is also available in the microfilm format at the Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary. An additional index can be found at: National Inventory of Documentary Sources in the United States available from Chadwyck-Healey, Inc., 1021 Prince Street, Alexandria, Va. 22314.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["This current finding aid is also available in the microfilm format at the Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary. An additional index can be found at: National Inventory of Documentary Sources in the United States available from Chadwyck-Healey, Inc., 1021 Prince Street, Alexandria, Va. 22314."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes: correspondence and land records of Robert \"King\" Carter; correspondence and land records of his sons Robert Carter (1704-1731) and Landon Carter (1710-1778); correspondence, accounts, land records and the appointment to the Virginia Council of Robert Carter (1728-1804), son of Robert Carter (1704-1731); correspondence, diaries, land records and accounts of Robert Wormeley Carter (1734-1804), son of Landon Carter of Sabine Hall; and correspondence and land records and papers concerning the estate of Robert Carter's grandson, Landon Carter (1757-1820).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e The bulk of the collection consists of the papers of Robert Wormeley Carter (1792-1861) including his correspondence with Robley Dunglison, John Tyler, John Tayloe Lomax, Edmund Ruffin, Robert Young Conrad and members of the Tayloe family as well as his diaries and accounts arranged by subject. [Note: in May 2012, the diaries of Robert W. Carter (Subseries 6, Folder 91) were removed and catalogued as Rare Books].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects covered in the collection include plantation life, horse-racing, real property, nineteenth-century Virginia politics, enslaved persons, and tobacco. In addition, there are miscellaneous eighteenth-century land and legal documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlso accessible on microfilm: Carter Papers, 1667-1862, in Swem Library's microforms area, 1 reel, call number HD1471 .U5 R43 ser.L Part 1.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes: correspondence and land records of Robert \"King\" Carter; correspondence and land records of his sons Robert Carter (1704-1731) and Landon Carter (1710-1778); correspondence, accounts, land records and the appointment to the Virginia Council of Robert Carter (1728-1804), son of Robert Carter (1704-1731); correspondence, diaries, land records and accounts of Robert Wormeley Carter (1734-1804), son of Landon Carter of Sabine Hall; and correspondence and land records and papers concerning the estate of Robert Carter's grandson, Landon Carter (1757-1820).","The bulk of the collection consists of the papers of Robert Wormeley Carter (1792-1861) including his correspondence with Robley Dunglison, John Tyler, John Tayloe Lomax, Edmund Ruffin, Robert Young Conrad and members of the Tayloe family as well as his diaries and accounts arranged by subject. [Note: in May 2012, the diaries of Robert W. Carter (Subseries 6, Folder 91) were removed and catalogued as Rare Books].","Subjects covered in the collection include plantation life, horse-racing, real property, nineteenth-century Virginia politics, enslaved persons, and tobacco. In addition, there are miscellaneous eighteenth-century land and legal documents.","Also accessible on microfilm: Carter Papers, 1667-1862, in Swem Library's microforms area, 1 reel, call number HD1471 .U5 R43 ser.L Part 1."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn May 2012, the diaries of Robert W. Carter (Subseries 6, Folder 91: Diaries of Robert W. Carter) were removed from the Carter Family Papers and catalogued as Rare Books under: AY 326.R5 W3 1836 AY 326.R5 W3 1844 AY 326.R5 W3 1846 AY 35.R5 C6 1838 AY 35.R5 C6 1859\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["In May 2012, the diaries of Robert W. Carter (Subseries 6, Folder 91: Diaries of Robert W. Carter) were removed from the Carter Family Papers and catalogued as Rare Books under: AY 326.R5 W3 1836 AY 326.R5 W3 1844 AY 326.R5 W3 1846 AY 35.R5 C6 1838 AY 35.R5 C6 1859"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Carter, Robert  (\"King\"), 1663-1732","Tyler, John, 1790-1862"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Carter, Robert  (\"King\"), 1663-1732","Tyler, John, 1790-1862"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2058,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:04:58.389Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9246"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1145","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"College Papers Collection, 1880/1999","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1145#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"College of William and Mary","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1145#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes a variety of material formats and subjects from throughout the College's history.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1145#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1145","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1145","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1145","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1145","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_1145.xml","title_filing_ssi":"College Papers Collection","title_ssm":["College Papers Collection"],"title_tesim":["College Papers Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1880s-1990s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1880s-1990s"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1880/1999"],"normalized_title_ssm":["College Papers Collection, 1880/1999"],"text":["College Papers Collection, 1880/1999","UA 14","/repositories/2/resources/1145","Awards and scholarships","Buildings and Grounds--Fires--1859","Charter Day","Church of England--Virginia--History","College of William and Mary--History--17th century","College of William and Mary--History--18th century","College of William and Mary--History--19th century","College of William and Mary--History--20th century","Education--Virginia--Williamsburg--18th century","Education--Virginia--Williamsburg--19th century","Education--Virginia--Williamsburg--20th century","Indians of North America--Virginia","Slavery--Virginia--18th century","Slavery--Virginia--19th century","United States--History--Revolution, 1775-1783","United States--History--Revolutionary War--Hospitals","United States--Revolutionary War--1775-1783","Correspondence","Course work","Financial records","Minutes","Petitions","Reports","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Arranged by subject.","A poem by Mott Dulany Ball was separated from this collection and was added to the Theta Delta Chi Records (UA 7.022). An invoice for clothing from the Indian School was separated from this collection and was added to the Brafferton Estate Collection (UA 113). Folders 258-260, 273, 277, 280-283 were transferred to the Office of the Bursar Records on 3/12/2012. Folders 55, 56, 56-A, 57, and 58 were transferred to the Faculty Assembly Records (UA 133) and the University Archives Subject File Collection (UA 9) on 6/18/2012.","This collection includes a variety of material formats and subjects from throughout the College's history.","A poem by Mott Dulany Ball was separated from this collection and was added to the Theta Delta Chi Records (UA 7.022) on 9/25/09.","An invoice for clothing from the Indian School was separated from this collection and was added to the Brafferton Estate Collection (UA 113) on 2/11/2011.","Folders 258-260, 273, 277, 280-283 were transferred to the Office of the Bursar Records on 3/12/2012.","Bursar's accounts relating to William Small were transferred to the William Small Collection on 6/6/2012.","Folders 55, 56, 56-A, 57, and 58 were transferred to the Faculty Assembly Records (UA 133) and the University Archives Subject File Collection (UA 9) on 6/18/2012.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary","Swem, E. G. (Earl Gregg), 1870-1965","Tyler, Lyon Gardiner, 1853-1935","English Latin"],"collection_title_tesim":["College Papers Collection, 1880/1999"],"collection_ssim":["College Papers Collection, 1880/1999"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UA 14","/repositories/2/resources/1145"],"unitid_tesim":["UA 14","/repositories/2/resources/1145"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_ssm":["College of William and Mary","Swem, E. G. (Earl Gregg), 1870-1965","Tyler, Lyon Gardiner, 1853-1935"],"creator_ssim":["College of William and Mary","Swem, E. G. (Earl Gregg), 1870-1965","Tyler, Lyon Gardiner, 1853-1935"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Swem, E. G. (Earl Gregg), 1870-1965","Tyler, Lyon Gardiner, 1853-1935"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary"],"creators_ssim":["Swem, E. G. (Earl Gregg), 1870-1965","Tyler, Lyon Gardiner, 1853-1935","Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Awards and scholarships","Buildings and Grounds--Fires--1859","Charter Day","Church of England--Virginia--History","College of William and Mary--History--17th century","College of William and Mary--History--18th century","College of William and Mary--History--19th century","College of William and Mary--History--20th century","Education--Virginia--Williamsburg--18th century","Education--Virginia--Williamsburg--19th century","Education--Virginia--Williamsburg--20th century","Indians of North America--Virginia","Slavery--Virginia--18th century","Slavery--Virginia--19th century","United States--History--Revolution, 1775-1783","United States--History--Revolutionary War--Hospitals","United States--Revolutionary War--1775-1783","Correspondence","Course work","Financial records","Minutes","Petitions","Reports"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Awards and scholarships","Buildings and Grounds--Fires--1859","Charter Day","Church of England--Virginia--History","College of William and Mary--History--17th century","College of William and Mary--History--18th century","College of William and Mary--History--19th century","College of William and Mary--History--20th century","Education--Virginia--Williamsburg--18th century","Education--Virginia--Williamsburg--19th century","Education--Virginia--Williamsburg--20th century","Indians of North America--Virginia","Slavery--Virginia--18th century","Slavery--Virginia--19th century","United States--History--Revolution, 1775-1783","United States--History--Revolutionary War--Hospitals","United States--Revolutionary War--1775-1783","Correspondence","Course work","Financial records","Minutes","Petitions","Reports"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["13.00 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["13.00 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Course work","Financial records","Minutes","Petitions","Reports"],"date_range_isim":[1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. 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Hoskins Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in October 2013.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in October 2013."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMary Lou Yancey Autograph Album (MsV Auto13).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials:"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Mary Lou Yancey Autograph Album (MsV Auto13)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains correspondence, receipts, poems, and other material concerning Helen M. Hoskins and her family of Sheffield, Massachusetts. Most of the correspondence is between Helen and her mother, Sabra Hoskins, but also includes letters written by Helen's husband, H.T. Wheeler, her son, Horace Wheeler, siblings, numerous cousins, and friends. Included in the collection are poems, compositions, and other ephemera related to Helen's time as a teacher at female academies in Maryland, (Patapsco Institute), Virginia, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Mississippi, and Ohio.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains correspondence, receipts, poems, and other material concerning Helen M. Hoskins and her family of Sheffield, Massachusetts. Most of the correspondence is between Helen and her mother, Sabra Hoskins, but also includes letters written by Helen's husband, H.T. Wheeler, her son, Horace Wheeler, siblings, numerous cousins, and friends. Included in the collection are poems, compositions, and other ephemera related to Helen's time as a teacher at female academies in Maryland, (Patapsco Institute), Virginia, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Mississippi, and Ohio."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Hoskins, Helen M."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Hoskins, Helen M."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":23,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:00:49.313Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1885"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1256","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"James River and Kanawha Company Records, 1834/1868","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1256#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"James River \u0026 Kanawha Company","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1256#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe collection relates to the James River Canal and Kanawha Company, which officially gained a charter in 1835. Included are a list of subscriptions sold to private individuals, a letter to the auditors office discussing current and previous subscriptions, a letter from a prospective surveyor and a list of tollage rates along the canal. Individuals mentioned are John Hartwell Cocke, and his son John Hartwell Cocke Jr.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1256#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1256","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1256","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1256","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1256","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_1256.xml","title_filing_ssi":"James River and Kanawha Company","title_ssm":["James River and Kanawha Company Records"],"title_tesim":["James River and Kanawha Company Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1834-1868"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1834-1868"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1834/1868"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James River and Kanawha Company Records, 1834/1868"],"text":["James River and Kanawha Company Records, 1834/1868","SC 00628","/repositories/2/resources/1256","Agriculture--Virginia--History--18th century","American Temperance Union","Anti-slavery movements","Slavery--Virginia--18th century","Slavery--Virginia--19th century","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence","Financial records","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","This collection is arranged chronologically by date.","The James River and Kanawha Company: The creation of Virginia's canal system was begun in 1746, spurred on by the support of George Washington and Thomas Jefferson. The goal was to create an economical and reliable way for farmers living in the interior of the state to transport their goods to market. To achieve this, existing rivers were widened, dams were created to control water levels, bridges and aqueducts were erected, and a lock system established.","The James River Company was created to raise capital for this venture. For a time, the venture was very successful, producing significant returns for its investors. However, the citizens of Virginia demanded that the company also maintain and/or improve the canal structure. When the company was unable or unwilling to comply, the state bought the charter in 1820. The state intended to further improve the Kanawha River and to connect the existing canal to the western part of the country, via the Ohio River. The invention of the railroad, however, cast doubt upon the wisdom of this scheme.","Joseph Carrington Cabell became the leading proponent of the canal system. He, along with his long time friend John Hartwell Cocke, was able to convince the state to consider a joint public/private charter in 1832. The charter was conditioned upon the procurement of five million dollars in private capital. It took Cabell and his supporters nearly three years to interest enough investors in the project. Finally in 1835 the General Assembly officially granted a charter to the James River and Kanawha Company. Joseph Cabell was elected as its first president.","Canal construction was divided into three divisions. Ultimately, the plan was to connect Richmond to Covington. Further, railroad lines were to be added after the final division was completed in order to link towns to the waterways. Unfortunately, the company was faced with a myriad of technical and economic problems; subscribers refused to pay, flooding was continual, working conditions were deplorable creating severe labor shortages, and early work on the canal proved to be defective requiring nearly continuous repair work.","The demise of the James River Company was further hastened by the Civil War. In 1863, General Sheridan and his troops razed many of the bridges and canals and most of the company papers were destroyed during the burning of Richmond. This alone wasn't fatal, but without the funds for repairs the problems worsened. The combination of these difficulties, coupled with increasing competition from the railroads finally became too great and The James River and Kanawha Company was terminated by the General Assembly in 1880. Its assets were subsequently sold to the Richmond \u0026 Allegheny Railway Company.","John Hartwell Cocke was born in Surry County, Virginia in 1780. He attended the College of William and Mary from 1794-1799. After serving in the War of 1812, he returned to his home, Bremo, a plantation in Fluvanna County, Virginia, to pursue an agrarian career. Known for his agricultural experimentation with crops and livestock, he maintained several estates and plantations in Virginia and Alabama. He helped found the University of Virginia, and set up a boy's seminary on Bremo. Although he owned many slaves, he encouraged their education, set up systems for them to buy their freedom, and supported their colonization in Africa.","Being a deeply religious man, John Hartwell Cocke held strong views against drinking and tobacco. In order to combat these \"evils,\" he was elected president of the American Temperance Union in 1836, and stopped all production of tobacco on his land. These views also led him to support and become a member of the James River and Kanawha Company board of directors. He believed that many poor farmers in Virginia were forced to turn their grain into whiskey because there was no profitable way to transport the grain to market. He felt that with the creation of the canal, farmers would turn to other occupations, thereby lessening the supply of alcohol and with it the desire to drink. He married Ann Blaus Barraud in 1802 and fathered several children. He died in 1866.","Processed by Victoria Yoder in 2002.","The collection relates to the James River Canal and Kanawha Company, which officially gained a charter in 1835. Included are a list of subscriptions sold to private individuals, a letter to the auditors office discussing current and previous subscriptions, a letter from a prospective surveyor and a list of tollage rates along the canal. Individuals mentioned are John Hartwell Cocke, and his son John Hartwell Cocke Jr.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","James River \u0026 Kanawha Company","James River and Kanawha Canal (Va.)","University of Virginia","Cocke, John Hartwell, 1780-1866","Cocke, John Hartwell","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["James River and Kanawha Company Records, 1834/1868"],"collection_ssim":["James River and Kanawha Company Records, 1834/1868"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 00628","/repositories/2/resources/1256"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 00628","/repositories/2/resources/1256"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_ssm":["James River \u0026 Kanawha Company","Cocke, John Hartwell, 1780-1866"],"creator_ssim":["James River \u0026 Kanawha Company","Cocke, John Hartwell, 1780-1866"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Cocke, John Hartwell, 1780-1866","Cocke, John Hartwell"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","James River \u0026 Kanawha Company","James River and Kanawha Canal (Va.)","University of Virginia"],"creators_ssim":["Cocke, John Hartwell, 1780-1866","Cocke, John Hartwell","Special Collections Research Center","James River \u0026 Kanawha Company","James River and Kanawha Canal (Va.)","University of Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Agriculture--Virginia--History--18th century","American Temperance Union","Anti-slavery movements","Slavery--Virginia--18th century","Slavery--Virginia--19th century","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence","Financial records"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Agriculture--Virginia--History--18th century","American Temperance Union","Anti-slavery movements","Slavery--Virginia--18th century","Slavery--Virginia--19th century","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence","Financial records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.01 Linear Foot"],"extent_tesim":["0.01 Linear Foot"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Financial records"],"date_range_isim":[1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged chronologically by date.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged chronologically by date."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe James River and Kanawha Company: The creation of Virginia's canal system was begun in 1746, spurred on by the support of George Washington and Thomas Jefferson. The goal was to create an economical and reliable way for farmers living in the interior of the state to transport their goods to market. To achieve this, existing rivers were widened, dams were created to control water levels, bridges and aqueducts were erected, and a lock system established.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe James River Company was created to raise capital for this venture. For a time, the venture was very successful, producing significant returns for its investors. However, the citizens of Virginia demanded that the company also maintain and/or improve the canal structure. When the company was unable or unwilling to comply, the state bought the charter in 1820. The state intended to further improve the Kanawha River and to connect the existing canal to the western part of the country, via the Ohio River. The invention of the railroad, however, cast doubt upon the wisdom of this scheme.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJoseph Carrington Cabell became the leading proponent of the canal system. He, along with his long time friend John Hartwell Cocke, was able to convince the state to consider a joint public/private charter in 1832. The charter was conditioned upon the procurement of five million dollars in private capital. It took Cabell and his supporters nearly three years to interest enough investors in the project. Finally in 1835 the General Assembly officially granted a charter to the James River and Kanawha Company. Joseph Cabell was elected as its first president.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCanal construction was divided into three divisions. Ultimately, the plan was to connect Richmond to Covington. Further, railroad lines were to be added after the final division was completed in order to link towns to the waterways. Unfortunately, the company was faced with a myriad of technical and economic problems; subscribers refused to pay, flooding was continual, working conditions were deplorable creating severe labor shortages, and early work on the canal proved to be defective requiring nearly continuous repair work.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe demise of the James River Company was further hastened by the Civil War. In 1863, General Sheridan and his troops razed many of the bridges and canals and most of the company papers were destroyed during the burning of Richmond. This alone wasn't fatal, but without the funds for repairs the problems worsened. The combination of these difficulties, coupled with increasing competition from the railroads finally became too great and The James River and Kanawha Company was terminated by the General Assembly in 1880. Its assets were subsequently sold to the Richmond \u0026amp; Allegheny Railway Company.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Hartwell Cocke was born in Surry County, Virginia in 1780. He attended the College of William and Mary from 1794-1799. After serving in the War of 1812, he returned to his home, Bremo, a plantation in Fluvanna County, Virginia, to pursue an agrarian career. Known for his agricultural experimentation with crops and livestock, he maintained several estates and plantations in Virginia and Alabama. He helped found the University of Virginia, and set up a boy's seminary on Bremo. Although he owned many slaves, he encouraged their education, set up systems for them to buy their freedom, and supported their colonization in Africa.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBeing a deeply religious man, John Hartwell Cocke held strong views against drinking and tobacco. In order to combat these \"evils,\" he was elected president of the American Temperance Union in 1836, and stopped all production of tobacco on his land. These views also led him to support and become a member of the James River and Kanawha Company board of directors. He believed that many poor farmers in Virginia were forced to turn their grain into whiskey because there was no profitable way to transport the grain to market. He felt that with the creation of the canal, farmers would turn to other occupations, thereby lessening the supply of alcohol and with it the desire to drink. He married Ann Blaus Barraud in 1802 and fathered several children. He died in 1866. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note:"],"bioghist_tesim":["The James River and Kanawha Company: The creation of Virginia's canal system was begun in 1746, spurred on by the support of George Washington and Thomas Jefferson. The goal was to create an economical and reliable way for farmers living in the interior of the state to transport their goods to market. To achieve this, existing rivers were widened, dams were created to control water levels, bridges and aqueducts were erected, and a lock system established.","The James River Company was created to raise capital for this venture. For a time, the venture was very successful, producing significant returns for its investors. However, the citizens of Virginia demanded that the company also maintain and/or improve the canal structure. When the company was unable or unwilling to comply, the state bought the charter in 1820. The state intended to further improve the Kanawha River and to connect the existing canal to the western part of the country, via the Ohio River. The invention of the railroad, however, cast doubt upon the wisdom of this scheme.","Joseph Carrington Cabell became the leading proponent of the canal system. He, along with his long time friend John Hartwell Cocke, was able to convince the state to consider a joint public/private charter in 1832. The charter was conditioned upon the procurement of five million dollars in private capital. It took Cabell and his supporters nearly three years to interest enough investors in the project. Finally in 1835 the General Assembly officially granted a charter to the James River and Kanawha Company. Joseph Cabell was elected as its first president.","Canal construction was divided into three divisions. Ultimately, the plan was to connect Richmond to Covington. Further, railroad lines were to be added after the final division was completed in order to link towns to the waterways. Unfortunately, the company was faced with a myriad of technical and economic problems; subscribers refused to pay, flooding was continual, working conditions were deplorable creating severe labor shortages, and early work on the canal proved to be defective requiring nearly continuous repair work.","The demise of the James River Company was further hastened by the Civil War. In 1863, General Sheridan and his troops razed many of the bridges and canals and most of the company papers were destroyed during the burning of Richmond. This alone wasn't fatal, but without the funds for repairs the problems worsened. The combination of these difficulties, coupled with increasing competition from the railroads finally became too great and The James River and Kanawha Company was terminated by the General Assembly in 1880. Its assets were subsequently sold to the Richmond \u0026 Allegheny Railway Company.","John Hartwell Cocke was born in Surry County, Virginia in 1780. He attended the College of William and Mary from 1794-1799. After serving in the War of 1812, he returned to his home, Bremo, a plantation in Fluvanna County, Virginia, to pursue an agrarian career. Known for his agricultural experimentation with crops and livestock, he maintained several estates and plantations in Virginia and Alabama. He helped found the University of Virginia, and set up a boy's seminary on Bremo. Although he owned many slaves, he encouraged their education, set up systems for them to buy their freedom, and supported their colonization in Africa.","Being a deeply religious man, John Hartwell Cocke held strong views against drinking and tobacco. In order to combat these \"evils,\" he was elected president of the American Temperance Union in 1836, and stopped all production of tobacco on his land. These views also led him to support and become a member of the James River and Kanawha Company board of directors. He believed that many poor farmers in Virginia were forced to turn their grain into whiskey because there was no profitable way to transport the grain to market. He felt that with the creation of the canal, farmers would turn to other occupations, thereby lessening the supply of alcohol and with it the desire to drink. He married Ann Blaus Barraud in 1802 and fathered several children. He died in 1866."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames River and Kanawha Company Records, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["James River and Kanawha Company Records, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Victoria Yoder in 2002.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Victoria Yoder in 2002."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection relates to the James River Canal and Kanawha Company, which officially gained a charter in 1835. Included are a list of subscriptions sold to private individuals, a letter to the auditors office discussing current and previous subscriptions, a letter from a prospective surveyor and a list of tollage rates along the canal. Individuals mentioned are John Hartwell Cocke, and his son John Hartwell Cocke Jr.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection relates to the James River Canal and Kanawha Company, which officially gained a charter in 1835. Included are a list of subscriptions sold to private individuals, a letter to the auditors office discussing current and previous subscriptions, a letter from a prospective surveyor and a list of tollage rates along the canal. Individuals mentioned are John Hartwell Cocke, and his son John Hartwell Cocke Jr."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","James River \u0026 Kanawha Company","James River and Kanawha Canal (Va.)","University of Virginia"],"names_coll_ssim":["James River and Kanawha Canal (Va.)","University of Virginia","Cocke, John Hartwell"],"persname_ssim":["Cocke, John Hartwell, 1780-1866","Cocke, John Hartwell"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","James River \u0026 Kanawha Company","James River and Kanawha Canal (Va.)","University of Virginia","Cocke, John Hartwell, 1780-1866","Cocke, John Hartwell"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":5,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:00:25.099Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1256","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1256","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1256","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1256","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_1256.xml","title_filing_ssi":"James River and Kanawha Company","title_ssm":["James River and Kanawha Company Records"],"title_tesim":["James River and Kanawha Company Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1834-1868"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1834-1868"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1834/1868"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James River and Kanawha Company Records, 1834/1868"],"text":["James River and Kanawha Company Records, 1834/1868","SC 00628","/repositories/2/resources/1256","Agriculture--Virginia--History--18th century","American Temperance Union","Anti-slavery movements","Slavery--Virginia--18th century","Slavery--Virginia--19th century","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence","Financial records","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","This collection is arranged chronologically by date.","The James River and Kanawha Company: The creation of Virginia's canal system was begun in 1746, spurred on by the support of George Washington and Thomas Jefferson. The goal was to create an economical and reliable way for farmers living in the interior of the state to transport their goods to market. To achieve this, existing rivers were widened, dams were created to control water levels, bridges and aqueducts were erected, and a lock system established.","The James River Company was created to raise capital for this venture. For a time, the venture was very successful, producing significant returns for its investors. However, the citizens of Virginia demanded that the company also maintain and/or improve the canal structure. When the company was unable or unwilling to comply, the state bought the charter in 1820. The state intended to further improve the Kanawha River and to connect the existing canal to the western part of the country, via the Ohio River. The invention of the railroad, however, cast doubt upon the wisdom of this scheme.","Joseph Carrington Cabell became the leading proponent of the canal system. He, along with his long time friend John Hartwell Cocke, was able to convince the state to consider a joint public/private charter in 1832. The charter was conditioned upon the procurement of five million dollars in private capital. It took Cabell and his supporters nearly three years to interest enough investors in the project. Finally in 1835 the General Assembly officially granted a charter to the James River and Kanawha Company. Joseph Cabell was elected as its first president.","Canal construction was divided into three divisions. Ultimately, the plan was to connect Richmond to Covington. Further, railroad lines were to be added after the final division was completed in order to link towns to the waterways. Unfortunately, the company was faced with a myriad of technical and economic problems; subscribers refused to pay, flooding was continual, working conditions were deplorable creating severe labor shortages, and early work on the canal proved to be defective requiring nearly continuous repair work.","The demise of the James River Company was further hastened by the Civil War. In 1863, General Sheridan and his troops razed many of the bridges and canals and most of the company papers were destroyed during the burning of Richmond. This alone wasn't fatal, but without the funds for repairs the problems worsened. The combination of these difficulties, coupled with increasing competition from the railroads finally became too great and The James River and Kanawha Company was terminated by the General Assembly in 1880. Its assets were subsequently sold to the Richmond \u0026 Allegheny Railway Company.","John Hartwell Cocke was born in Surry County, Virginia in 1780. He attended the College of William and Mary from 1794-1799. After serving in the War of 1812, he returned to his home, Bremo, a plantation in Fluvanna County, Virginia, to pursue an agrarian career. Known for his agricultural experimentation with crops and livestock, he maintained several estates and plantations in Virginia and Alabama. He helped found the University of Virginia, and set up a boy's seminary on Bremo. Although he owned many slaves, he encouraged their education, set up systems for them to buy their freedom, and supported their colonization in Africa.","Being a deeply religious man, John Hartwell Cocke held strong views against drinking and tobacco. In order to combat these \"evils,\" he was elected president of the American Temperance Union in 1836, and stopped all production of tobacco on his land. These views also led him to support and become a member of the James River and Kanawha Company board of directors. He believed that many poor farmers in Virginia were forced to turn their grain into whiskey because there was no profitable way to transport the grain to market. He felt that with the creation of the canal, farmers would turn to other occupations, thereby lessening the supply of alcohol and with it the desire to drink. He married Ann Blaus Barraud in 1802 and fathered several children. He died in 1866.","Processed by Victoria Yoder in 2002.","The collection relates to the James River Canal and Kanawha Company, which officially gained a charter in 1835. Included are a list of subscriptions sold to private individuals, a letter to the auditors office discussing current and previous subscriptions, a letter from a prospective surveyor and a list of tollage rates along the canal. Individuals mentioned are John Hartwell Cocke, and his son John Hartwell Cocke Jr.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","James River \u0026 Kanawha Company","James River and Kanawha Canal (Va.)","University of Virginia","Cocke, John Hartwell, 1780-1866","Cocke, John Hartwell","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["James River and Kanawha Company Records, 1834/1868"],"collection_ssim":["James River and Kanawha Company Records, 1834/1868"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 00628","/repositories/2/resources/1256"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 00628","/repositories/2/resources/1256"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_ssm":["James River \u0026 Kanawha Company","Cocke, John Hartwell, 1780-1866"],"creator_ssim":["James River \u0026 Kanawha Company","Cocke, John Hartwell, 1780-1866"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Cocke, John Hartwell, 1780-1866","Cocke, John Hartwell"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","James River \u0026 Kanawha Company","James River and Kanawha Canal (Va.)","University of Virginia"],"creators_ssim":["Cocke, John Hartwell, 1780-1866","Cocke, John Hartwell","Special Collections Research Center","James River \u0026 Kanawha Company","James River and Kanawha Canal (Va.)","University of Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Agriculture--Virginia--History--18th century","American Temperance Union","Anti-slavery movements","Slavery--Virginia--18th century","Slavery--Virginia--19th century","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence","Financial records"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Agriculture--Virginia--History--18th century","American Temperance Union","Anti-slavery movements","Slavery--Virginia--18th century","Slavery--Virginia--19th century","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Correspondence","Financial records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.01 Linear Foot"],"extent_tesim":["0.01 Linear Foot"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Financial records"],"date_range_isim":[1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged chronologically by date.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged chronologically by date."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe James River and Kanawha Company: The creation of Virginia's canal system was begun in 1746, spurred on by the support of George Washington and Thomas Jefferson. The goal was to create an economical and reliable way for farmers living in the interior of the state to transport their goods to market. To achieve this, existing rivers were widened, dams were created to control water levels, bridges and aqueducts were erected, and a lock system established.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe James River Company was created to raise capital for this venture. For a time, the venture was very successful, producing significant returns for its investors. However, the citizens of Virginia demanded that the company also maintain and/or improve the canal structure. When the company was unable or unwilling to comply, the state bought the charter in 1820. The state intended to further improve the Kanawha River and to connect the existing canal to the western part of the country, via the Ohio River. The invention of the railroad, however, cast doubt upon the wisdom of this scheme.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJoseph Carrington Cabell became the leading proponent of the canal system. He, along with his long time friend John Hartwell Cocke, was able to convince the state to consider a joint public/private charter in 1832. The charter was conditioned upon the procurement of five million dollars in private capital. It took Cabell and his supporters nearly three years to interest enough investors in the project. Finally in 1835 the General Assembly officially granted a charter to the James River and Kanawha Company. Joseph Cabell was elected as its first president.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCanal construction was divided into three divisions. Ultimately, the plan was to connect Richmond to Covington. Further, railroad lines were to be added after the final division was completed in order to link towns to the waterways. Unfortunately, the company was faced with a myriad of technical and economic problems; subscribers refused to pay, flooding was continual, working conditions were deplorable creating severe labor shortages, and early work on the canal proved to be defective requiring nearly continuous repair work.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe demise of the James River Company was further hastened by the Civil War. In 1863, General Sheridan and his troops razed many of the bridges and canals and most of the company papers were destroyed during the burning of Richmond. This alone wasn't fatal, but without the funds for repairs the problems worsened. The combination of these difficulties, coupled with increasing competition from the railroads finally became too great and The James River and Kanawha Company was terminated by the General Assembly in 1880. Its assets were subsequently sold to the Richmond \u0026amp; Allegheny Railway Company.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Hartwell Cocke was born in Surry County, Virginia in 1780. He attended the College of William and Mary from 1794-1799. After serving in the War of 1812, he returned to his home, Bremo, a plantation in Fluvanna County, Virginia, to pursue an agrarian career. Known for his agricultural experimentation with crops and livestock, he maintained several estates and plantations in Virginia and Alabama. He helped found the University of Virginia, and set up a boy's seminary on Bremo. Although he owned many slaves, he encouraged their education, set up systems for them to buy their freedom, and supported their colonization in Africa.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBeing a deeply religious man, John Hartwell Cocke held strong views against drinking and tobacco. In order to combat these \"evils,\" he was elected president of the American Temperance Union in 1836, and stopped all production of tobacco on his land. These views also led him to support and become a member of the James River and Kanawha Company board of directors. He believed that many poor farmers in Virginia were forced to turn their grain into whiskey because there was no profitable way to transport the grain to market. He felt that with the creation of the canal, farmers would turn to other occupations, thereby lessening the supply of alcohol and with it the desire to drink. He married Ann Blaus Barraud in 1802 and fathered several children. He died in 1866. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note:"],"bioghist_tesim":["The James River and Kanawha Company: The creation of Virginia's canal system was begun in 1746, spurred on by the support of George Washington and Thomas Jefferson. The goal was to create an economical and reliable way for farmers living in the interior of the state to transport their goods to market. To achieve this, existing rivers were widened, dams were created to control water levels, bridges and aqueducts were erected, and a lock system established.","The James River Company was created to raise capital for this venture. For a time, the venture was very successful, producing significant returns for its investors. However, the citizens of Virginia demanded that the company also maintain and/or improve the canal structure. When the company was unable or unwilling to comply, the state bought the charter in 1820. The state intended to further improve the Kanawha River and to connect the existing canal to the western part of the country, via the Ohio River. The invention of the railroad, however, cast doubt upon the wisdom of this scheme.","Joseph Carrington Cabell became the leading proponent of the canal system. He, along with his long time friend John Hartwell Cocke, was able to convince the state to consider a joint public/private charter in 1832. The charter was conditioned upon the procurement of five million dollars in private capital. It took Cabell and his supporters nearly three years to interest enough investors in the project. Finally in 1835 the General Assembly officially granted a charter to the James River and Kanawha Company. Joseph Cabell was elected as its first president.","Canal construction was divided into three divisions. Ultimately, the plan was to connect Richmond to Covington. Further, railroad lines were to be added after the final division was completed in order to link towns to the waterways. Unfortunately, the company was faced with a myriad of technical and economic problems; subscribers refused to pay, flooding was continual, working conditions were deplorable creating severe labor shortages, and early work on the canal proved to be defective requiring nearly continuous repair work.","The demise of the James River Company was further hastened by the Civil War. In 1863, General Sheridan and his troops razed many of the bridges and canals and most of the company papers were destroyed during the burning of Richmond. This alone wasn't fatal, but without the funds for repairs the problems worsened. The combination of these difficulties, coupled with increasing competition from the railroads finally became too great and The James River and Kanawha Company was terminated by the General Assembly in 1880. Its assets were subsequently sold to the Richmond \u0026 Allegheny Railway Company.","John Hartwell Cocke was born in Surry County, Virginia in 1780. He attended the College of William and Mary from 1794-1799. After serving in the War of 1812, he returned to his home, Bremo, a plantation in Fluvanna County, Virginia, to pursue an agrarian career. Known for his agricultural experimentation with crops and livestock, he maintained several estates and plantations in Virginia and Alabama. He helped found the University of Virginia, and set up a boy's seminary on Bremo. Although he owned many slaves, he encouraged their education, set up systems for them to buy their freedom, and supported their colonization in Africa.","Being a deeply religious man, John Hartwell Cocke held strong views against drinking and tobacco. In order to combat these \"evils,\" he was elected president of the American Temperance Union in 1836, and stopped all production of tobacco on his land. These views also led him to support and become a member of the James River and Kanawha Company board of directors. He believed that many poor farmers in Virginia were forced to turn their grain into whiskey because there was no profitable way to transport the grain to market. He felt that with the creation of the canal, farmers would turn to other occupations, thereby lessening the supply of alcohol and with it the desire to drink. He married Ann Blaus Barraud in 1802 and fathered several children. He died in 1866."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames River and Kanawha Company Records, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["James River and Kanawha Company Records, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Victoria Yoder in 2002.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Victoria Yoder in 2002."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection relates to the James River Canal and Kanawha Company, which officially gained a charter in 1835. Included are a list of subscriptions sold to private individuals, a letter to the auditors office discussing current and previous subscriptions, a letter from a prospective surveyor and a list of tollage rates along the canal. Individuals mentioned are John Hartwell Cocke, and his son John Hartwell Cocke Jr.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection relates to the James River Canal and Kanawha Company, which officially gained a charter in 1835. Included are a list of subscriptions sold to private individuals, a letter to the auditors office discussing current and previous subscriptions, a letter from a prospective surveyor and a list of tollage rates along the canal. Individuals mentioned are John Hartwell Cocke, and his son John Hartwell Cocke Jr."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","James River \u0026 Kanawha Company","James River and Kanawha Canal (Va.)","University of Virginia"],"names_coll_ssim":["James River and Kanawha Canal (Va.)","University of Virginia","Cocke, John Hartwell"],"persname_ssim":["Cocke, John Hartwell, 1780-1866","Cocke, John Hartwell"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","James River \u0026 Kanawha Company","James River and Kanawha Canal (Va.)","University of Virginia","Cocke, John Hartwell, 1780-1866","Cocke, John Hartwell"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":5,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:00:25.099Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1256"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_272","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Jean-Baptiste-Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau Papers, 1781/1789","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_272#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Rochambeau, Jean-Baptiste-Donatien de Vimeur, comte de, 1725-1807","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_272#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eIncludes a couple of originals, copies prepared in the 18th century as well as typed transcripts of letters, 1782, of the Comte de Rochambeau concerning a variety of topics: seizures of Black people enslaved by the State of Virginia; reenforcements for French troops and acknowledgment of thanks of Williamsburg, Va. for French aid; a letter, 6 Sept, 1789, written while Rochambeau was commander of garrison at Strasbourg, France and dealing with riots (original and typed transcript); photostats of Rochambeau's schedule of marches from Providence, R. I. to Williamsburg, Va, 10 June - 26 September 1781; maps of various camps; and a photograph of a portrait of Rochambeau by Larriviere. Materials are primarily in French, but some items have English translation.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_272#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_272","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_272","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_272","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_272","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_272.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Rochambeau, Jean Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur papers","title_ssm":["Jean-Baptiste-Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau Papers"],"title_tesim":["Jean-Baptiste-Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1781-1789"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1781-1789"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1781/1789"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Jean-Baptiste-Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau Papers, 1781/1789"],"text":["Jean-Baptiste-Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau Papers, 1781/1789","Mss. 39.2 R58","/repositories/2/resources/272","France--History--Revolution, 1789-1799","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--Revolution, 1775-1783","Slavery--Virginia--18th century","Strasbourg (France)--History","United States--History--Revolution, 1775-1783","United States--History--Revolution, 1775-1783--Participation, French","United States--Revolutionary War--1775-1783","Correspondence","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Includes a couple of originals, copies prepared in the 18th century as well as typed transcripts of letters, 1782, of the Comte de Rochambeau concerning a variety of topics: seizures of Black people enslaved by the State of Virginia; reenforcements for French troops and acknowledgment of thanks of Williamsburg, Va. for French aid; a letter, 6 Sept, 1789, written while Rochambeau was commander of garrison at Strasbourg, France and dealing with riots (original and typed transcript); photostats of Rochambeau's schedule of marches from Providence, R. I. to Williamsburg, Va, 10 June - 26 September 1781; maps of various camps; and a photograph of a portrait of Rochambeau by Larriviere. Materials are primarily in French, but some items have English translation.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Rochambeau, Jean-Baptiste-Donatien de Vimeur, comte de, 1725-1807","French English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Jean-Baptiste-Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau Papers, 1781/1789"],"collection_ssim":["Jean-Baptiste-Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau Papers, 1781/1789"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. 39.2 R58","/repositories/2/resources/272"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. 39.2 R58","/repositories/2/resources/272"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["France--History--Revolution, 1789-1799","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--Revolution, 1775-1783"],"geogname_ssim":["France--History--Revolution, 1789-1799","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--Revolution, 1775-1783"],"places_ssim":["France--History--Revolution, 1789-1799","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--Revolution, 1775-1783"],"creator_ssm":["Rochambeau, Jean-Baptiste-Donatien de Vimeur, comte de, 1725-1807"],"creator_ssim":["Rochambeau, Jean-Baptiste-Donatien de Vimeur, comte de, 1725-1807"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Rochambeau, Jean-Baptiste-Donatien de Vimeur, comte de, 1725-1807"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["Rochambeau, Jean-Baptiste-Donatien de Vimeur, comte de, 1725-1807","Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Slavery--Virginia--18th century","Strasbourg (France)--History","United States--History--Revolution, 1775-1783","United States--History--Revolution, 1775-1783--Participation, French","United States--Revolutionary War--1775-1783","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Slavery--Virginia--18th century","Strasbourg (France)--History","United States--History--Revolution, 1775-1783","United States--History--Revolution, 1775-1783--Participation, French","United States--Revolutionary War--1775-1783","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.01 Linear Foot"],"extent_tesim":["0.01 Linear Foot"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJean Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur Rochambeau Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Jean Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur Rochambeau Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIncludes a couple of originals, copies prepared in the 18th century as well as typed transcripts of letters, 1782, of the Comte de Rochambeau concerning a variety of topics: seizures of Black people enslaved by the State of Virginia; reenforcements for French troops and acknowledgment of thanks of Williamsburg, Va. for French aid; a letter, 6 Sept, 1789, written while Rochambeau was commander of garrison at Strasbourg, France and dealing with riots (original and typed transcript); photostats of Rochambeau's schedule of marches from Providence, R. I. to Williamsburg, Va, 10 June - 26 September 1781; maps of various camps; and a photograph of a portrait of Rochambeau by Larriviere. Materials are primarily in French, but some items have English translation.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Includes a couple of originals, copies prepared in the 18th century as well as typed transcripts of letters, 1782, of the Comte de Rochambeau concerning a variety of topics: seizures of Black people enslaved by the State of Virginia; reenforcements for French troops and acknowledgment of thanks of Williamsburg, Va. for French aid; a letter, 6 Sept, 1789, written while Rochambeau was commander of garrison at Strasbourg, France and dealing with riots (original and typed transcript); photostats of Rochambeau's schedule of marches from Providence, R. I. to Williamsburg, Va, 10 June - 26 September 1781; maps of various camps; and a photograph of a portrait of Rochambeau by Larriviere. Materials are primarily in French, but some items have English translation."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Rochambeau, Jean-Baptiste-Donatien de Vimeur, comte de, 1725-1807"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Rochambeau, Jean-Baptiste-Donatien de Vimeur, comte de, 1725-1807"],"language_ssim":["French English"],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:01:31.393Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_272","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_272","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_272","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_272","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_272.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Rochambeau, Jean Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur papers","title_ssm":["Jean-Baptiste-Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau Papers"],"title_tesim":["Jean-Baptiste-Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1781-1789"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1781-1789"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1781/1789"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Jean-Baptiste-Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau Papers, 1781/1789"],"text":["Jean-Baptiste-Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau Papers, 1781/1789","Mss. 39.2 R58","/repositories/2/resources/272","France--History--Revolution, 1789-1799","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--Revolution, 1775-1783","Slavery--Virginia--18th century","Strasbourg (France)--History","United States--History--Revolution, 1775-1783","United States--History--Revolution, 1775-1783--Participation, French","United States--Revolutionary War--1775-1783","Correspondence","Collection is open to all researchers. 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