{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Silent+films\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1920\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Silent+films\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1920\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=1"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":2,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_662","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Silent film and early Hollywood ephemera collection, 1915/1939","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_662#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Content warning: Racist language, content, and imagery. 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Griffith was the director of The Birth of a Nation, a racist, white supremacist film that greatly impacted the trajectory of filmmaking.","Processing and finding aid completed by Amanda Menjivar in January 2023.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other materials on motion pictures and filmmaking.","Content warning: Racist language, content, and imagery.","Pamphlets, booklets, and programs promoting silent and early Hollywood films, created 1915 - 1939. The majority of the collection consists of promotional pamphlets which were used as programs for films shown at Cota Theatre (location unknown). 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A. and Sklar, . Robert. \"history of film.\" Encyclopedia Britannica, Invalid Date. https://www.britannica.com/art/history-of-the-motion-picture.","\"Douglas Fairbanks at Triangle Motion Picture Company[.]\" Obscure Hollywood. Accessed January 27, 2023. https://obscurehollywood.net/douglas-fairbanks-triangle-fine-arts.html.","The silent film era lasted from 1910 - 1927 and was marked by the advent of narrative motion pictures. By the 1920s, the motion picture industry was fully formed, with \"movie stars\" and studios becoming household names. The incorporation of sound into film, also known as \"talkies,\" occurred in 1927, setting the path for future cinema.","Fine Arts Film Company, also known as Triangle Fine Arts, was a film production company owned by D.W. Griffith, Thomas H. Ince, and Mack Sennett. The company was split into thirds and run by each individual, with Triangle Fine Arts run by Griffith. The studio produced dozens of films during its existence. 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Griffith was the director of The Birth of a Nation, a racist, white supremacist film that greatly impacted the trajectory of filmmaking."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSilent film and early Hollywood ephemera collection, C0337, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Silent film and early Hollywood ephemera collection, C0337, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing and finding aid completed by Amanda Menjivar in January 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing and finding aid completed by Amanda Menjivar in January 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other materials on motion pictures and filmmaking.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other materials on motion pictures and filmmaking."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eContent warning: Racist language, content, and imagery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePamphlets, booklets, and programs promoting silent and early Hollywood films, created 1915 - 1939. 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The majority of the collection consists of promotional pamphlets which were used as programs for films shown at Cota Theatre (location unknown). There are also booklets and programs that were distributed by various production companies to promote their films, most notably Triangle Fine Arts, more widely known as Fine Arts Film Company.","Content Warning: Racist language and subject matter.","Two pamphlets.","Two pamphlets.","Content Warning: Racist language and yellowface imagery.","Two pamphlets and one booklet."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated. (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated. 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Scrapbook.Com. Accessed October 4, 2023. https://www.scrapbook.com/articles/history-of-scrapbooking.","\"The Silent Era of Movies - History of Motion Pictures.\" n.d. History of Film. Accessed December 4, 2023. http://www.historyoffilm.net/movie-eras/silent-black-and-white-movies/.","Wijesinghe, Bhanujith. 2023. \"The Silent Era of Film.\" Sunday Observer. May 11, 2023. https://archives1.sundayobserver.lk/2023/05/14/silent-era-film.","The silent era of film dates from roughly the introduction of the film medium in the late 1800s through the late 1920s and refers to those movies made without synchronized sound. By 1912 advancements in film technology and editing within the United States allowed for filmmakers to begin using multiple reels of film for a single movie, leading to the growth of the American film industry and the introduction of the feature-length film. These newly expanded stories, combined with organized and higher budget studio productions, also led to the rise of the first movie stars such as Charlie Chaplin, Douglas Fairbanks, and Clara Bow. The introduction of synchronous sound into feature films (also known as \"talkies\") in 1927 is traditionally considered the end of the silent film era and in many cases the end of the box office power of many silent movie stars.","Variations on the practice of scrapbooking date as far back as the 14th century when it was popular for upper-class members of European society to keep a bound journal of blank pages, known as a commonplace book, that served as a place for the owner to write informal notes taken from a variety of sources in one place. With the introduction of the printing press by Johannes Gutenberg in the 1440s, books and other printed materials became more accessible and by the 1800s, as the availability and types of printed materials expanded, including widespread circulation of newspapers, the role of the commonplace book shifted, with owners now filling them with clippings, poetry, drawings, and other various \"scraps\" of printed material. The first recorded use of the term \"scrap book\" as a noun to describe these books with blank pages for pasting items is believed to be in 1821, with the two words morphing naturally overtime into the now common \"scrapbook.\" The first use of the word as a verb to describe the practice itself was recorded in 1879.","Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in November 2023. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in December 2023.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other scrapbooks, such as the Lenora Little scrapbook and the Elizabeth Tatham scrapbook, as well as other materials related to silent film, such as the Silent film and early Hollywood ephemera collection.","The State Historical Society of Missouri Research Center Kansas City holds the Silent Film Actors Scrapbooks collection.","A marble covered scrapbook containing clippings of a variety of silent movie stars. Images are primarily circular headshots, with some full body or promotional film stills, and are pasted onto lined pages, with two additional images pasted to the inside and outside of the back cover.","The scrapbook contains images of a large number of movie stars, mostly female, and those identified as Subjects appear in two or more clippings throughout.","Public Domain. There are no known restrictions.","A scrapbook containing clippings of a variety of silent movie stars.","R 72, C 3, S 6","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Lytton, Randolph Hoopes, 1944-","Allison, May, 1890-1989","Brady, Alice, 1892-1939","Burke, Billie, 1885-1970","Clayton, Ethel, 1884-1966","Compson, Betty, 1897-1974","Gish, Dorothy","Holt, Jack, 1888-1951","Miller, Marilyn, 1898-1936","Mix, Tom, 1880-1940","Murray, Mae, 1885-1965","Pickford, Mary, 1892-1979","Roland, Ruth, 1892-1937","Swanson, Gloria, 1897-1983","Sweet, Blanche","Talmadge, Norma, 1894-1957","Valentino, Rudolph, 1895-1926","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Silent movie star scrapbook, 1915/1922"],"collection_ssim":["Silent movie star scrapbook, 1915/1922"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0419","/repositories/2/resources/693"],"unitid_tesim":["C0419","/repositories/2/resources/693"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Lytton, Randolph Hoopes, 1944-"],"creator_ssim":["Lytton, Randolph Hoopes, 1944-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Lytton, Randolph Hoopes, 1944-","Allison, May, 1890-1989","Brady, Alice, 1892-1939","Burke, Billie, 1885-1970","Clayton, Ethel, 1884-1966","Compson, Betty, 1897-1974","Gish, Dorothy","Holt, Jack, 1888-1951","Miller, Marilyn, 1898-1936","Mix, Tom, 1880-1940","Murray, Mae, 1885-1965","Pickford, Mary, 1892-1979","Roland, Ruth, 1892-1937","Swanson, Gloria, 1897-1983","Sweet, Blanche","Talmadge, Norma, 1894-1957","Valentino, Rudolph, 1895-1926"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["Lytton, Randolph Hoopes, 1944-","Allison, May, 1890-1989","Brady, Alice, 1892-1939","Burke, Billie, 1885-1970","Clayton, Ethel, 1884-1966","Compson, Betty, 1897-1974","Gish, Dorothy","Holt, Jack, 1888-1951","Miller, Marilyn, 1898-1936","Mix, Tom, 1880-1940","Murray, Mae, 1885-1965","Pickford, Mary, 1892-1979","Roland, Ruth, 1892-1937","Swanson, Gloria, 1897-1983","Sweet, Blanche","Talmadge, Norma, 1894-1957","Valentino, Rudolph, 1895-1926","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["Public Domain. There are no known restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Randolph Lytton on August 7, 2021."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Motion pictures -- United States","Silent films","Motion pictures","Scrapbooking","Actors","Scrapbooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Motion pictures -- United States","Silent films","Motion pictures","Scrapbooking","Actors","Scrapbooks"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Linear Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["1 Linear Feet 1 folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Scrapbooks"],"date_range_isim":[1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a single item collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This is a single item collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"The History of Scrapbooking.\" n.d. Scrapbook.Com. Accessed October 4, 2023. https://www.scrapbook.com/articles/history-of-scrapbooking.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"The Silent Era of Movies - History of Motion Pictures.\" n.d. History of Film. Accessed December 4, 2023. http://www.historyoffilm.net/movie-eras/silent-black-and-white-movies/.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWijesinghe, Bhanujith. 2023. \"The Silent Era of Film.\" Sunday Observer. May 11, 2023. https://archives1.sundayobserver.lk/2023/05/14/silent-era-film.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"The History of Scrapbooking.\" n.d. Scrapbook.Com. Accessed October 4, 2023. https://www.scrapbook.com/articles/history-of-scrapbooking.","\"The Silent Era of Movies - History of Motion Pictures.\" n.d. History of Film. Accessed December 4, 2023. http://www.historyoffilm.net/movie-eras/silent-black-and-white-movies/.","Wijesinghe, Bhanujith. 2023. \"The Silent Era of Film.\" Sunday Observer. May 11, 2023. https://archives1.sundayobserver.lk/2023/05/14/silent-era-film."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe silent era of film dates from roughly the introduction of the film medium in the late 1800s through the late 1920s and refers to those movies made without synchronized sound. By 1912 advancements in film technology and editing within the United States allowed for filmmakers to begin using multiple reels of film for a single movie, leading to the growth of the American film industry and the introduction of the feature-length film. These newly expanded stories, combined with organized and higher budget studio productions, also led to the rise of the first movie stars such as Charlie Chaplin, Douglas Fairbanks, and Clara Bow. The introduction of synchronous sound into feature films (also known as \"talkies\") in 1927 is traditionally considered the end of the silent film era and in many cases the end of the box office power of many silent movie stars.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVariations on the practice of scrapbooking date as far back as the 14th century when it was popular for upper-class members of European society to keep a bound journal of blank pages, known as a commonplace book, that served as a place for the owner to write informal notes taken from a variety of sources in one place. With the introduction of the printing press by Johannes Gutenberg in the 1440s, books and other printed materials became more accessible and by the 1800s, as the availability and types of printed materials expanded, including widespread circulation of newspapers, the role of the commonplace book shifted, with owners now filling them with clippings, poetry, drawings, and other various \"scraps\" of printed material. The first recorded use of the term \"scrap book\" as a noun to describe these books with blank pages for pasting items is believed to be in 1821, with the two words morphing naturally overtime into the now common \"scrapbook.\" The first use of the word as a verb to describe the practice itself was recorded in 1879.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The silent era of film dates from roughly the introduction of the film medium in the late 1800s through the late 1920s and refers to those movies made without synchronized sound. By 1912 advancements in film technology and editing within the United States allowed for filmmakers to begin using multiple reels of film for a single movie, leading to the growth of the American film industry and the introduction of the feature-length film. These newly expanded stories, combined with organized and higher budget studio productions, also led to the rise of the first movie stars such as Charlie Chaplin, Douglas Fairbanks, and Clara Bow. The introduction of synchronous sound into feature films (also known as \"talkies\") in 1927 is traditionally considered the end of the silent film era and in many cases the end of the box office power of many silent movie stars.","Variations on the practice of scrapbooking date as far back as the 14th century when it was popular for upper-class members of European society to keep a bound journal of blank pages, known as a commonplace book, that served as a place for the owner to write informal notes taken from a variety of sources in one place. With the introduction of the printing press by Johannes Gutenberg in the 1440s, books and other printed materials became more accessible and by the 1800s, as the availability and types of printed materials expanded, including widespread circulation of newspapers, the role of the commonplace book shifted, with owners now filling them with clippings, poetry, drawings, and other various \"scraps\" of printed material. The first recorded use of the term \"scrap book\" as a noun to describe these books with blank pages for pasting items is believed to be in 1821, with the two words morphing naturally overtime into the now common \"scrapbook.\" The first use of the word as a verb to describe the practice itself was recorded in 1879."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSilent movie star scrapbook, C0419, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Silent movie star scrapbook, C0419, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in November 2023. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in December 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in November 2023. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in December 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other scrapbooks, such as the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0326\"\u003eLenora Little scrapbook\u003c/a\u003e and the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0394\"\u003eElizabeth Tatham scrapbook\u003c/a\u003e, as well as other materials related to silent film, such as the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0337\"\u003eSilent film and early Hollywood ephemera collection\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe State Historical Society of Missouri Research Center Kansas City holds the \u003ca href=\"https://files.shsmo.org/manuscripts/kansas-city/K0301.pdf\"\u003eSilent Film Actors Scrapbooks collection\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other scrapbooks, such as the Lenora Little scrapbook and the Elizabeth Tatham scrapbook, as well as other materials related to silent film, such as the Silent film and early Hollywood ephemera collection.","The State Historical Society of Missouri Research Center Kansas City holds the Silent Film Actors Scrapbooks collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA marble covered scrapbook containing clippings of a variety of silent movie stars. Images are primarily circular headshots, with some full body or promotional film stills, and are pasted onto lined pages, with two additional images pasted to the inside and outside of the back cover.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe scrapbook contains images of a large number of movie stars, mostly female, and those identified as Subjects appear in two or more clippings throughout.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A marble covered scrapbook containing clippings of a variety of silent movie stars. Images are primarily circular headshots, with some full body or promotional film stills, and are pasted onto lined pages, with two additional images pasted to the inside and outside of the back cover.","The scrapbook contains images of a large number of movie stars, mostly female, and those identified as Subjects appear in two or more clippings throughout."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePublic Domain. There are no known restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Public Domain. There are no known restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_94c57d156126501fe3771e30b5504e85\"\u003eA scrapbook containing clippings of a variety of silent movie stars.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["A scrapbook containing clippings of a variety of silent movie stars."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_e1a68f9ad2853d961ccf9316ce3ce8d5\"\u003eR 72, C 3, S 6\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 72, C 3, S 6"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Lytton, Randolph Hoopes, 1944-","Allison, May, 1890-1989","Brady, Alice, 1892-1939","Burke, Billie, 1885-1970","Clayton, Ethel, 1884-1966","Compson, Betty, 1897-1974","Gish, Dorothy","Holt, Jack, 1888-1951","Miller, Marilyn, 1898-1936","Mix, Tom, 1880-1940","Murray, Mae, 1885-1965","Pickford, Mary, 1892-1979","Roland, Ruth, 1892-1937","Swanson, Gloria, 1897-1983","Sweet, Blanche","Talmadge, Norma, 1894-1957","Valentino, Rudolph, 1895-1926"],"names_coll_ssim":["Lytton, Randolph Hoopes, 1944-","Allison, May, 1890-1989","Brady, Alice, 1892-1939","Burke, Billie, 1885-1970","Clayton, Ethel, 1884-1966","Compson, Betty, 1897-1974","Gish, Dorothy","Holt, Jack, 1888-1951","Miller, Marilyn, 1898-1936","Mix, Tom, 1880-1940","Murray, Mae, 1885-1965","Pickford, Mary, 1892-1979","Roland, Ruth, 1892-1937","Swanson, Gloria, 1897-1983","Sweet, Blanche","Talmadge, Norma, 1894-1957","Valentino, Rudolph, 1895-1926"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Lytton, Randolph Hoopes, 1944-","Allison, May, 1890-1989","Brady, Alice, 1892-1939","Burke, Billie, 1885-1970","Clayton, Ethel, 1884-1966","Compson, Betty, 1897-1974","Gish, Dorothy","Holt, Jack, 1888-1951","Miller, Marilyn, 1898-1936","Mix, Tom, 1880-1940","Murray, Mae, 1885-1965","Pickford, Mary, 1892-1979","Roland, Ruth, 1892-1937","Swanson, Gloria, 1897-1983","Sweet, Blanche","Talmadge, Norma, 1894-1957","Valentino, Rudolph, 1895-1926"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:55:37.302Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_693","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_693","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_693","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_693","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_693.xml","title_ssm":["Silent movie star scrapbook"],"title_tesim":["Silent movie star scrapbook"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1915-1922"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1915-1922"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1915/1922"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Silent movie star scrapbook, 1915/1922"],"text":["Silent movie star scrapbook, 1915/1922","C0419","/repositories/2/resources/693","Motion pictures -- United States","Silent films","Motion pictures","Scrapbooking","Actors","Scrapbooks","There are no access restrictions.","This is a single item collection.","\"The History of Scrapbooking.\" n.d. Scrapbook.Com. Accessed October 4, 2023. https://www.scrapbook.com/articles/history-of-scrapbooking.","\"The Silent Era of Movies - History of Motion Pictures.\" n.d. History of Film. Accessed December 4, 2023. http://www.historyoffilm.net/movie-eras/silent-black-and-white-movies/.","Wijesinghe, Bhanujith. 2023. \"The Silent Era of Film.\" Sunday Observer. May 11, 2023. https://archives1.sundayobserver.lk/2023/05/14/silent-era-film.","The silent era of film dates from roughly the introduction of the film medium in the late 1800s through the late 1920s and refers to those movies made without synchronized sound. By 1912 advancements in film technology and editing within the United States allowed for filmmakers to begin using multiple reels of film for a single movie, leading to the growth of the American film industry and the introduction of the feature-length film. These newly expanded stories, combined with organized and higher budget studio productions, also led to the rise of the first movie stars such as Charlie Chaplin, Douglas Fairbanks, and Clara Bow. The introduction of synchronous sound into feature films (also known as \"talkies\") in 1927 is traditionally considered the end of the silent film era and in many cases the end of the box office power of many silent movie stars.","Variations on the practice of scrapbooking date as far back as the 14th century when it was popular for upper-class members of European society to keep a bound journal of blank pages, known as a commonplace book, that served as a place for the owner to write informal notes taken from a variety of sources in one place. With the introduction of the printing press by Johannes Gutenberg in the 1440s, books and other printed materials became more accessible and by the 1800s, as the availability and types of printed materials expanded, including widespread circulation of newspapers, the role of the commonplace book shifted, with owners now filling them with clippings, poetry, drawings, and other various \"scraps\" of printed material. The first recorded use of the term \"scrap book\" as a noun to describe these books with blank pages for pasting items is believed to be in 1821, with the two words morphing naturally overtime into the now common \"scrapbook.\" The first use of the word as a verb to describe the practice itself was recorded in 1879.","Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in November 2023. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in December 2023.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other scrapbooks, such as the Lenora Little scrapbook and the Elizabeth Tatham scrapbook, as well as other materials related to silent film, such as the Silent film and early Hollywood ephemera collection.","The State Historical Society of Missouri Research Center Kansas City holds the Silent Film Actors Scrapbooks collection.","A marble covered scrapbook containing clippings of a variety of silent movie stars. Images are primarily circular headshots, with some full body or promotional film stills, and are pasted onto lined pages, with two additional images pasted to the inside and outside of the back cover.","The scrapbook contains images of a large number of movie stars, mostly female, and those identified as Subjects appear in two or more clippings throughout.","Public Domain. 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Scrapbook.Com. Accessed October 4, 2023. https://www.scrapbook.com/articles/history-of-scrapbooking.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"The Silent Era of Movies - History of Motion Pictures.\" n.d. History of Film. Accessed December 4, 2023. http://www.historyoffilm.net/movie-eras/silent-black-and-white-movies/.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWijesinghe, Bhanujith. 2023. \"The Silent Era of Film.\" Sunday Observer. May 11, 2023. https://archives1.sundayobserver.lk/2023/05/14/silent-era-film.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"The History of Scrapbooking.\" n.d. Scrapbook.Com. Accessed October 4, 2023. https://www.scrapbook.com/articles/history-of-scrapbooking.","\"The Silent Era of Movies - History of Motion Pictures.\" n.d. History of Film. Accessed December 4, 2023. http://www.historyoffilm.net/movie-eras/silent-black-and-white-movies/.","Wijesinghe, Bhanujith. 2023. \"The Silent Era of Film.\" Sunday Observer. May 11, 2023. https://archives1.sundayobserver.lk/2023/05/14/silent-era-film."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe silent era of film dates from roughly the introduction of the film medium in the late 1800s through the late 1920s and refers to those movies made without synchronized sound. By 1912 advancements in film technology and editing within the United States allowed for filmmakers to begin using multiple reels of film for a single movie, leading to the growth of the American film industry and the introduction of the feature-length film. These newly expanded stories, combined with organized and higher budget studio productions, also led to the rise of the first movie stars such as Charlie Chaplin, Douglas Fairbanks, and Clara Bow. The introduction of synchronous sound into feature films (also known as \"talkies\") in 1927 is traditionally considered the end of the silent film era and in many cases the end of the box office power of many silent movie stars.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVariations on the practice of scrapbooking date as far back as the 14th century when it was popular for upper-class members of European society to keep a bound journal of blank pages, known as a commonplace book, that served as a place for the owner to write informal notes taken from a variety of sources in one place. With the introduction of the printing press by Johannes Gutenberg in the 1440s, books and other printed materials became more accessible and by the 1800s, as the availability and types of printed materials expanded, including widespread circulation of newspapers, the role of the commonplace book shifted, with owners now filling them with clippings, poetry, drawings, and other various \"scraps\" of printed material. The first recorded use of the term \"scrap book\" as a noun to describe these books with blank pages for pasting items is believed to be in 1821, with the two words morphing naturally overtime into the now common \"scrapbook.\" The first use of the word as a verb to describe the practice itself was recorded in 1879.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The silent era of film dates from roughly the introduction of the film medium in the late 1800s through the late 1920s and refers to those movies made without synchronized sound. By 1912 advancements in film technology and editing within the United States allowed for filmmakers to begin using multiple reels of film for a single movie, leading to the growth of the American film industry and the introduction of the feature-length film. 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Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in December 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other scrapbooks, such as the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0326\"\u003eLenora Little scrapbook\u003c/a\u003e and the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0394\"\u003eElizabeth Tatham scrapbook\u003c/a\u003e, as well as other materials related to silent film, such as the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0337\"\u003eSilent film and early Hollywood ephemera collection\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe State Historical Society of Missouri Research Center Kansas City holds the \u003ca href=\"https://files.shsmo.org/manuscripts/kansas-city/K0301.pdf\"\u003eSilent Film Actors Scrapbooks collection\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other scrapbooks, such as the Lenora Little scrapbook and the Elizabeth Tatham scrapbook, as well as other materials related to silent film, such as the Silent film and early Hollywood ephemera collection.","The State Historical Society of Missouri Research Center Kansas City holds the Silent Film Actors Scrapbooks collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA marble covered scrapbook containing clippings of a variety of silent movie stars. 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