{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026page=1"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":6,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_27#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Walker, Wyatt Tee","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_27#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection includes material related to and collected by the Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker and his wife, Theresa Ann Edwards Walkers. Materials include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. and Mrs. Walker, audio recordings of Dr. Walker's church services, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, photographs and slides taken by or depicting Dr. Walker, Dr. Walker's published works and unpublished manuscripts, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. and Mrs. Walker.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_27#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27","ead_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27","_root_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27","_nest_parent_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/RICH/repositories_4_resources_27.xml","title_ssm":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection"],"title_tesim":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1953-2016"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1953-2016"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-24","/repositories/4/resources/27"],"text":["MS-24","/repositories/4/resources/27","Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection","Petersburg (Va.)","Richmond (Va.)","Jackson (Miss.)","New York (N.Y.)","Birmingham (Ala.)","Civil rights","Civil rights movements","Civil rights demonstrations","Civil rights workers","State action (Civil rights)","African American civil rights workers","Women civil rights workers","African American women civil rights workers","Civil rights -- America","Civil rights -- Religious aspects","Black people -- Civil rights","Civil rights -- Africa","African American churches","Nonbook Materials","Finance","Project management","Church management","Campaign management","Management","Scholarships","Voter registration","Freedom Rides, 1961","Boycotts","Segregation","Racism","Race relations","Social justice","Christianity and justice","Actions and defenses","Libel and slander","Discrimination in employment","Manuscripts","Photographs","Audio-visual materials","Clippings","Personal correspondence","Invoices","Periodicals","Pamphlets","The majority of this collection is closed pending processing. Portions of four series are currently open to research, encompassing manuscript material dated through 1964.","Material is arranged into multiple series, with three series currently open for research.","Series 1:  Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker Series 2: Biographical: Wyatt Tee Walker Subseries 2.2: Correspondence Subseries 2.3: Civil Rights and Religious Work Series 3: Gillfield Baptist Church Subseries 3.1: Sermons Subseries 3.2: Programs and ephemera Subseries 3.3: Administrative records Series 4: Southern Christian Leadership Conference Subseries 4.1: Administrative Subseries 4.2: Correspondence Subseries 4.3: Publications Subseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns Subseries 4.5: Legal work Subseries 4.6: Related organizations Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.","The series currently includes three subseries: Subseries 2.1, Childhood and Education, 2.2 Correspondence, and Subseries 2.3, Civil Rights and Religious work.","Material is organized into seven subseries:","Subseries 4.1: Administrative,  Subseries 4.2: Correspondence, Subseries 4.3: Publications,   Subseries 4.4: Programs,  Subseries 4.5: Legal work,  Subseries 4.6: Related organizations, Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.","The Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker was born August 16, 1928 in Brockton, Massachusetts. Raised primarily in Merchantville, New Jersey, Walker attended Virginia Union University in Richmond, Virginia, earning bachelor's degrees in chemistry and physics before attending VUU's seminary school for his Masters of Divinity. During his time at VUU, he married his wife, Theresa Ann Walker née Edwards, who would remain an active partner at his side throughout his life. While in seminary, Walker was the head of the university's Inter-Seminary Movement, where he first met Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Walker and King would remain friends until King's assassination in 1968.","After graduating from seminary, Walker was called in 1953 to serve as the pastor of the historic Gillfield Baptist Church in Petersburg, Virginia, serving until 1960. During this time he founded the Petersburg Improvement Association, served as president for the local National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) chapter, and co-founded and served as state director for the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE). He also actively worked to integrate the city of Petersburg, successfully desegregating the Petersburg Public Library, lunch counters, and bus stops in the city.","In 1960, Walker was recruited to serve as the first full-time executive director and chief strategist of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), Dr. King's civil rights organization. He served in this role until 1964, overseeing the organization of several notable events in the Civil Rights Movement, including Project \"C\", SCLC's involvement in the Birmingham campaign, and the 1964 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. In 1961, Walker and his wife were arrested as Freedom Riders in Jackson, Mississippi. Mrs. Walker also survived a hotel bombing with their children and multiple other arrests for her role in the Civil Rights Movement.","After leaving SCLC in 1964, Walker worked with the Negro Heritage Library, an organization focused on getting Black literature into the public education system. In 1968 Dr. Walker was called to serve as senior pastor at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in Harlem, New York, where he served for 37 years. He was installed as pastor in late March by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., who gave his final sermon in New York City at the installation service before his assassination a few weeks later. Walker then organized King's funeral in New York City at the express request of Coretta Scott King, an event he would later call \"the crowning achievement of my organizational career.\" He would prove to be a productive pastor for Canaan, at one point receiving a million dollars annually in tithes, expanding the church building, and leading multiple church trips to the Holy Land and other international destinations including Japan.","During his time at Canaan, Walker continued his civil rights work, expanding his scope to international civil rights, serving on the board of Al Sharpton's National Action Network and a number of other organizations. A vocal supporter of anti-apartheid, Walker visited South Africa several times, serving as an election monitor in Souther Africa's first open election and becoming close friends with Nelson Mandela, who would visit Canaan Baptist Church as one of his first stops on his first presidential visit to the United States. Walker also worked with Governor Nelson Rockefeller as a special assistant on urban affairs. When national banks pulled out of Harlem, Walker opened Freedom National Bank to serve the Black community. He also developed a number of public housing projects, at one time acting as the largest single public housing developer in New York. Frustrated with the failures of the public education system, Walker worked to help pass the New York State charter school law and co-found the first charter school in the state, the Sisulu-Walker Charter School of Harlem. ","In his down time, Walker enjoyed sailing, belonging to a local yacht club in Yonkers, New York, and photography. After receiving a doctorate in ethnomusicology from Colgate-Rochester Divinity School, he went on to teach seminary classes at Virginia Union University and United Theological Seminary in Dayton, Ohio.","Walker retired from Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in 2004 after a series of strokes, moving to Chester, Virginia. In 2015 he and Mrs. Walker donated the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection to the University of Richmond, recording an oral history with the university in 2016. He remained in Virginia with his wife until his death at the age of 89 on January 23, 2018.","Processed by Taylor McNeilly and Andrea Kohashi.","Although portions of it are publicly available, this series is still in progress, and it is likely that Subseries 2.3 will expand rapidly with the addition of Walker's extensive writings.","Subseries 2.3 is likely to expand in the future with the addition of Walker's extensive writings on Civil Rights.","Materials in this collection include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. Walker, audio recordings of church services he led primarily at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, photographs and slides taken by Dr. Walker and his family, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, Dr. Walker's personal library, Dr. Walker's published books, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. Walker and his wife.","Series 1, Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker, currently includes notes on arrests, and arrest records.","This series contains material related to Dr. Walker's personal and professional activities outside of Gillfield, Canaan, and the SCLC.","Subseries 2.2: Correspondence, includes personal correspondence from or to Dr. and Mrs. Walker.","This folder contains a 1963 version of the musical  Jerico-Jim-Crow-Jerico .","Subseries 2.3, Civil Rights and Religious work, includes material pertaining to Walker's religious and civil rights activities not connected to Gillfield Baptist Church, Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, or the SCLC. It includes material concerning his efforts to integrate the Petersburg, VA library, and service programs from other churches like the Mount Level Baptist Church.","Series 3, Gillfield Baptist Church, includes material pertaining to Dr. Walker's work as pastor there like sermons, service programs, and meeting minutes.","Subseries 3.1, Sermons, contains notes and sermons from Walker's tenure at Gillfield Baptist Church. The material is organized as we received it, some topically and some chronologically. Often the service program is included with the sermon script or outline.","Topics include Thanksgiving, etc.","Series 3.2, Programs and ephemera, consists of programs and other items from Gillfield Baptist Church. These materials are organized chronologically.","Subseries 3.3, Administrative, has financial and correspondence records from Walker's time at Gillfield, including from his installation as pastor in 1953.","Series 4, Southern Christian Leadership Conference contains all material from Dr. Walker's time as executive director of SCLC, including programs, notes, administrative and legal documents, campaign materials and correspondence.","Subseries 4.1, Administrative, includes administrative records from Walker's time at SCLC, comprised of meeting minutes, reports, internal memos, and other financial documentation.","Subseries 4.2: Correspondence, includes general correspondence from SCLC, as well as specific correspondence dealing with the Birmingham campaign. Materials are organized chronolgocially.","Subseries 4.3: Publications includes official material published by SCLC, such as advertisements, press releases, pamhplets, and more.","Subseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns includes notes and promotional material related to specific programs or campaigns run by SCLC during Walker's time with the organization.","Subseries 4.5: Legal work includes records of legal action taken by SCLC. The materials are organized chronologically.","Subseries 4.6: Related organizations includes materials from other (mainly legal and civil rights) organizations that Walker and SCLC worked with.","Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. includes speeches, notes, writings, correspondence, and other printed material directly relating to Dr. King in his work with Walker at SCLC.","Dr. Walker's personal library has been separated from the collection and is housed within the Galvin Rare Book Room. These items can be found in our online catalog by searching \"Dr. \u0026 Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection.\"","This collection includes material related to and collected by the Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker and his wife, Theresa Ann Edwards Walkers. Materials include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. and Mrs. Walker, audio recordings of Dr. Walker's church services, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, photographs and slides taken by or depicting Dr. Walker, Dr. Walker's published works and unpublished manuscripts, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. and Mrs. Walker.","University of Richmond ","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964","Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-24","/repositories/4/resources/27"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection"],"collection_ssim":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection"],"repository_ssm":["University of Richmond"],"repository_ssim":["University of Richmond"],"geogname_ssm":["Petersburg (Va.)","Richmond (Va.)","Jackson (Miss.)","New York (N.Y.)","Birmingham (Ala.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Petersburg (Va.)","Richmond (Va.)","Jackson (Miss.)","New York (N.Y.)","Birmingham (Ala.)"],"creator_ssm":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights"],"creator_ssim":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights"],"creators_ssim":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights"],"places_ssim":["Petersburg (Va.)","Richmond (Va.)","Jackson (Miss.)","New York (N.Y.)","Birmingham (Ala.)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Material was donated to the university by Dr. Walker, his wife, and their family."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil rights","Civil rights movements","Civil rights demonstrations","Civil rights workers","State action (Civil rights)","African American civil rights workers","Women civil rights workers","African American women civil rights workers","Civil rights -- America","Civil rights -- Religious aspects","Black people -- Civil rights","Civil rights -- Africa","African American churches","Nonbook Materials","Finance","Project management","Church management","Campaign management","Management","Scholarships","Voter registration","Freedom Rides, 1961","Boycotts","Segregation","Racism","Race relations","Social justice","Christianity and justice","Actions and defenses","Libel and slander","Discrimination in employment","Manuscripts","Photographs","Audio-visual materials","Clippings","Personal correspondence","Invoices","Periodicals","Pamphlets"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil rights","Civil rights movements","Civil rights demonstrations","Civil rights workers","State action (Civil rights)","African American civil rights workers","Women civil rights workers","African American women civil rights workers","Civil rights -- America","Civil rights -- Religious aspects","Black people -- Civil rights","Civil rights -- Africa","African American churches","Nonbook Materials","Finance","Project management","Church management","Campaign management","Management","Scholarships","Voter registration","Freedom Rides, 1961","Boycotts","Segregation","Racism","Race relations","Social justice","Christianity and justice","Actions and defenses","Libel and slander","Discrimination in employment","Manuscripts","Photographs","Audio-visual materials","Clippings","Personal correspondence","Invoices","Periodicals","Pamphlets"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["50 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["50 Linear Feet"],"physfacet_tesim":["This is an approximate estimate while we wait for the final deposit and complete processing."],"genreform_ssim":["Manuscripts","Photographs","Audio-visual materials","Clippings","Personal correspondence","Invoices","Periodicals","Pamphlets"],"date_range_isim":[1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe majority of this collection is closed pending processing. Portions of four series are currently open to research, encompassing manuscript material dated through 1964.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The majority of this collection is closed pending processing. Portions of four series are currently open to research, encompassing manuscript material dated through 1964."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterial is arranged into multiple series, with three series currently open for research.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e\u003cemph\u003eSeries 1:\u003c/emph\u003e Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Biographical: Wyatt Tee Walker\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 2.2: Correspondence\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 2.3: Civil Rights and Religious Work\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Gillfield Baptist Church\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 3.1: Sermons\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 3.2: Programs and ephemera\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 3.3: Administrative records\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Southern Christian Leadership Conference\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.1: Administrative\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.2: Correspondence\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.3: Publications\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.5: Legal work\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.6: Related organizations\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series currently includes three subseries: Subseries 2.1, Childhood and Education, 2.2 Correspondence, and Subseries 2.3, Civil Rights and Religious work.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterial is organized into seven subseries:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003clist numeration=\"upperalpha\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.1: Administrative, \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.2: Correspondence,\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.3: Publications, \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e Subseries 4.4: Programs, \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.5: Legal work, \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.6: Related organizations,\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Material is arranged into multiple series, with three series currently open for research.","Series 1:  Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker Series 2: Biographical: Wyatt Tee Walker Subseries 2.2: Correspondence Subseries 2.3: Civil Rights and Religious Work Series 3: Gillfield Baptist Church Subseries 3.1: Sermons Subseries 3.2: Programs and ephemera Subseries 3.3: Administrative records Series 4: Southern Christian Leadership Conference Subseries 4.1: Administrative Subseries 4.2: Correspondence Subseries 4.3: Publications Subseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns Subseries 4.5: Legal work Subseries 4.6: Related organizations Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.","The series currently includes three subseries: Subseries 2.1, Childhood and Education, 2.2 Correspondence, and Subseries 2.3, Civil Rights and Religious work.","Material is organized into seven subseries:","Subseries 4.1: Administrative,  Subseries 4.2: Correspondence, Subseries 4.3: Publications,   Subseries 4.4: Programs,  Subseries 4.5: Legal work,  Subseries 4.6: Related organizations, Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker was born August 16, 1928 in Brockton, Massachusetts. Raised primarily in Merchantville, New Jersey, Walker attended Virginia Union University in Richmond, Virginia, earning bachelor's degrees in chemistry and physics before attending VUU's seminary school for his Masters of Divinity. During his time at VUU, he married his wife, Theresa Ann Walker née Edwards, who would remain an active partner at his side throughout his life. While in seminary, Walker was the head of the university's Inter-Seminary Movement, where he first met Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Walker and King would remain friends until King's assassination in 1968.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter graduating from seminary, Walker was called in 1953 to serve as the pastor of the historic Gillfield Baptist Church in Petersburg, Virginia, serving until 1960. During this time he founded the Petersburg Improvement Association, served as president for the local National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) chapter, and co-founded and served as state director for the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE). He also actively worked to integrate the city of Petersburg, successfully desegregating the Petersburg Public Library, lunch counters, and bus stops in the city.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1960, Walker was recruited to serve as the first full-time executive director and chief strategist of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), Dr. King's civil rights organization. He served in this role until 1964, overseeing the organization of several notable events in the Civil Rights Movement, including Project \"C\", SCLC's involvement in the Birmingham campaign, and the 1964 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. In 1961, Walker and his wife were arrested as Freedom Riders in Jackson, Mississippi. Mrs. Walker also survived a hotel bombing with their children and multiple other arrests for her role in the Civil Rights Movement.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter leaving SCLC in 1964, Walker worked with the Negro Heritage Library, an organization focused on getting Black literature into the public education system. In 1968 Dr. Walker was called to serve as senior pastor at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in Harlem, New York, where he served for 37 years. He was installed as pastor in late March by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., who gave his final sermon in New York City at the installation service before his assassination a few weeks later. Walker then organized King's funeral in New York City at the express request of Coretta Scott King, an event he would later call \"the crowning achievement of my organizational career.\" He would prove to be a productive pastor for Canaan, at one point receiving a million dollars annually in tithes, expanding the church building, and leading multiple church trips to the Holy Land and other international destinations including Japan.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring his time at Canaan, Walker continued his civil rights work, expanding his scope to international civil rights, serving on the board of Al Sharpton's National Action Network and a number of other organizations. A vocal supporter of anti-apartheid, Walker visited South Africa several times, serving as an election monitor in Souther Africa's first open election and becoming close friends with Nelson Mandela, who would visit Canaan Baptist Church as one of his first stops on his first presidential visit to the United States. Walker also worked with Governor Nelson Rockefeller as a special assistant on urban affairs. When national banks pulled out of Harlem, Walker opened Freedom National Bank to serve the Black community. He also developed a number of public housing projects, at one time acting as the largest single public housing developer in New York. Frustrated with the failures of the public education system, Walker worked to help pass the New York State charter school law and co-found the first charter school in the state, the Sisulu-Walker Charter School of Harlem. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn his down time, Walker enjoyed sailing, belonging to a local yacht club in Yonkers, New York, and photography. After receiving a doctorate in ethnomusicology from Colgate-Rochester Divinity School, he went on to teach seminary classes at Virginia Union University and United Theological Seminary in Dayton, Ohio.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWalker retired from Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in 2004 after a series of strokes, moving to Chester, Virginia. In 2015 he and Mrs. Walker donated the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection to the University of Richmond, recording an oral history with the university in 2016. He remained in Virginia with his wife until his death at the age of 89 on January 23, 2018.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker was born August 16, 1928 in Brockton, Massachusetts. Raised primarily in Merchantville, New Jersey, Walker attended Virginia Union University in Richmond, Virginia, earning bachelor's degrees in chemistry and physics before attending VUU's seminary school for his Masters of Divinity. During his time at VUU, he married his wife, Theresa Ann Walker née Edwards, who would remain an active partner at his side throughout his life. While in seminary, Walker was the head of the university's Inter-Seminary Movement, where he first met Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Walker and King would remain friends until King's assassination in 1968.","After graduating from seminary, Walker was called in 1953 to serve as the pastor of the historic Gillfield Baptist Church in Petersburg, Virginia, serving until 1960. During this time he founded the Petersburg Improvement Association, served as president for the local National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) chapter, and co-founded and served as state director for the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE). He also actively worked to integrate the city of Petersburg, successfully desegregating the Petersburg Public Library, lunch counters, and bus stops in the city.","In 1960, Walker was recruited to serve as the first full-time executive director and chief strategist of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), Dr. King's civil rights organization. He served in this role until 1964, overseeing the organization of several notable events in the Civil Rights Movement, including Project \"C\", SCLC's involvement in the Birmingham campaign, and the 1964 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. In 1961, Walker and his wife were arrested as Freedom Riders in Jackson, Mississippi. Mrs. Walker also survived a hotel bombing with their children and multiple other arrests for her role in the Civil Rights Movement.","After leaving SCLC in 1964, Walker worked with the Negro Heritage Library, an organization focused on getting Black literature into the public education system. In 1968 Dr. Walker was called to serve as senior pastor at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in Harlem, New York, where he served for 37 years. He was installed as pastor in late March by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., who gave his final sermon in New York City at the installation service before his assassination a few weeks later. Walker then organized King's funeral in New York City at the express request of Coretta Scott King, an event he would later call \"the crowning achievement of my organizational career.\" He would prove to be a productive pastor for Canaan, at one point receiving a million dollars annually in tithes, expanding the church building, and leading multiple church trips to the Holy Land and other international destinations including Japan.","During his time at Canaan, Walker continued his civil rights work, expanding his scope to international civil rights, serving on the board of Al Sharpton's National Action Network and a number of other organizations. A vocal supporter of anti-apartheid, Walker visited South Africa several times, serving as an election monitor in Souther Africa's first open election and becoming close friends with Nelson Mandela, who would visit Canaan Baptist Church as one of his first stops on his first presidential visit to the United States. Walker also worked with Governor Nelson Rockefeller as a special assistant on urban affairs. When national banks pulled out of Harlem, Walker opened Freedom National Bank to serve the Black community. He also developed a number of public housing projects, at one time acting as the largest single public housing developer in New York. Frustrated with the failures of the public education system, Walker worked to help pass the New York State charter school law and co-found the first charter school in the state, the Sisulu-Walker Charter School of Harlem. ","In his down time, Walker enjoyed sailing, belonging to a local yacht club in Yonkers, New York, and photography. After receiving a doctorate in ethnomusicology from Colgate-Rochester Divinity School, he went on to teach seminary classes at Virginia Union University and United Theological Seminary in Dayton, Ohio.","Walker retired from Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in 2004 after a series of strokes, moving to Chester, Virginia. In 2015 he and Mrs. Walker donated the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection to the University of Richmond, recording an oral history with the university in 2016. He remained in Virginia with his wife until his death at the age of 89 on January 23, 2018."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Box Number, Folder Number], MS-24, the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection, Book Arts, Archives, \u0026amp; Rare Books, Boatwright Memorial Library, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Box Number, Folder Number], MS-24, the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection, Book Arts, Archives, \u0026 Rare Books, Boatwright Memorial Library, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Taylor McNeilly and Andrea Kohashi.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough portions of it are publicly available, this series is still in progress, and it is likely that Subseries 2.3 will expand rapidly with the addition of Walker's extensive writings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 2.3 is likely to expand in the future with the addition of Walker's extensive writings on Civil Rights.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information","Processing Information","Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Taylor McNeilly and Andrea Kohashi.","Although portions of it are publicly available, this series is still in progress, and it is likely that Subseries 2.3 will expand rapidly with the addition of Walker's extensive writings.","Subseries 2.3 is likely to expand in the future with the addition of Walker's extensive writings on Civil Rights."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in this collection include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. Walker, audio recordings of church services he led primarily at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, photographs and slides taken by Dr. Walker and his family, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, Dr. Walker's personal library, Dr. Walker's published books, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. Walker and his wife.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1, Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker, currently includes notes on arrests, and arrest records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains material related to Dr. Walker's personal and professional activities outside of Gillfield, Canaan, and the SCLC.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 2.2: Correspondence, includes personal correspondence from or to Dr. and Mrs. Walker.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains a 1963 version of the musical \u003ctitle\u003eJerico-Jim-Crow-Jerico\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 2.3, Civil Rights and Religious work, includes material pertaining to Walker's religious and civil rights activities not connected to Gillfield Baptist Church, Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, or the SCLC. It includes material concerning his efforts to integrate the Petersburg, VA library, and service programs from other churches like the Mount Level Baptist Church.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3, Gillfield Baptist Church, includes material pertaining to Dr. Walker's work as pastor there like sermons, service programs, and meeting minutes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 3.1, Sermons, contains notes and sermons from Walker's tenure at Gillfield Baptist Church. The material is organized as we received it, some topically and some chronologically. Often the service program is included with the sermon script or outline.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include Thanksgiving, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3.2, Programs and ephemera, consists of programs and other items from Gillfield Baptist Church. These materials are organized chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 3.3, Administrative, has financial and correspondence records from Walker's time at Gillfield, including from his installation as pastor in 1953.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4, Southern Christian Leadership Conference contains all material from Dr. Walker's time as executive director of SCLC, including programs, notes, administrative and legal documents, campaign materials and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.1, Administrative, includes administrative records from Walker's time at SCLC, comprised of meeting minutes, reports, internal memos, and other financial documentation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.2: Correspondence, includes general correspondence from SCLC, as well as specific correspondence dealing with the Birmingham campaign. Materials are organized chronolgocially.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.3: Publications includes official material published by SCLC, such as advertisements, press releases, pamhplets, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns includes notes and promotional material related to specific programs or campaigns run by SCLC during Walker's time with the organization.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.5: Legal work includes records of legal action taken by SCLC. The materials are organized chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.6: Related organizations includes materials from other (mainly legal and civil rights) organizations that Walker and SCLC worked with.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. includes speeches, notes, writings, correspondence, and other printed material directly relating to Dr. King in his work with Walker at SCLC.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Materials in this collection include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. Walker, audio recordings of church services he led primarily at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, photographs and slides taken by Dr. Walker and his family, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, Dr. Walker's personal library, Dr. Walker's published books, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. Walker and his wife.","Series 1, Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker, currently includes notes on arrests, and arrest records.","This series contains material related to Dr. Walker's personal and professional activities outside of Gillfield, Canaan, and the SCLC.","Subseries 2.2: Correspondence, includes personal correspondence from or to Dr. and Mrs. Walker.","This folder contains a 1963 version of the musical  Jerico-Jim-Crow-Jerico .","Subseries 2.3, Civil Rights and Religious work, includes material pertaining to Walker's religious and civil rights activities not connected to Gillfield Baptist Church, Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, or the SCLC. It includes material concerning his efforts to integrate the Petersburg, VA library, and service programs from other churches like the Mount Level Baptist Church.","Series 3, Gillfield Baptist Church, includes material pertaining to Dr. Walker's work as pastor there like sermons, service programs, and meeting minutes.","Subseries 3.1, Sermons, contains notes and sermons from Walker's tenure at Gillfield Baptist Church. The material is organized as we received it, some topically and some chronologically. Often the service program is included with the sermon script or outline.","Topics include Thanksgiving, etc.","Series 3.2, Programs and ephemera, consists of programs and other items from Gillfield Baptist Church. These materials are organized chronologically.","Subseries 3.3, Administrative, has financial and correspondence records from Walker's time at Gillfield, including from his installation as pastor in 1953.","Series 4, Southern Christian Leadership Conference contains all material from Dr. Walker's time as executive director of SCLC, including programs, notes, administrative and legal documents, campaign materials and correspondence.","Subseries 4.1, Administrative, includes administrative records from Walker's time at SCLC, comprised of meeting minutes, reports, internal memos, and other financial documentation.","Subseries 4.2: Correspondence, includes general correspondence from SCLC, as well as specific correspondence dealing with the Birmingham campaign. Materials are organized chronolgocially.","Subseries 4.3: Publications includes official material published by SCLC, such as advertisements, press releases, pamhplets, and more.","Subseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns includes notes and promotional material related to specific programs or campaigns run by SCLC during Walker's time with the organization.","Subseries 4.5: Legal work includes records of legal action taken by SCLC. The materials are organized chronologically.","Subseries 4.6: Related organizations includes materials from other (mainly legal and civil rights) organizations that Walker and SCLC worked with.","Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. includes speeches, notes, writings, correspondence, and other printed material directly relating to Dr. King in his work with Walker at SCLC."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. Walker's personal library has been separated from the collection and is housed within the Galvin Rare Book Room. These items can be found in our online catalog by searching \"Dr. \u0026amp; Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Dr. Walker's personal library has been separated from the collection and is housed within the Galvin Rare Book Room. These items can be found in our online catalog by searching \"Dr. \u0026 Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection.\""],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_99a2c806065b9d964d30006dd304b175\"\u003eThis collection includes material related to and collected by the Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker and his wife, Theresa Ann Edwards Walkers. Materials include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. and Mrs. Walker, audio recordings of Dr. Walker's church services, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, photographs and slides taken by or depicting Dr. Walker, Dr. Walker's published works and unpublished manuscripts, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. and Mrs. Walker.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes material related to and collected by the Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker and his wife, Theresa Ann Edwards Walkers. Materials include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. and Mrs. Walker, audio recordings of Dr. Walker's church services, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, photographs and slides taken by or depicting Dr. Walker, Dr. Walker's published works and unpublished manuscripts, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. and Mrs. Walker."],"names_coll_ssim":["Southern Christian Leadership Conference","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964","Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987"],"names_ssim":["University of Richmond ","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964","Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987"],"corpname_ssim":["University of Richmond ","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964"],"persname_ssim":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":190,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T04:07:59.594Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27","ead_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27","_root_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27","_nest_parent_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/RICH/repositories_4_resources_27.xml","title_ssm":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection"],"title_tesim":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1953-2016"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1953-2016"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-24","/repositories/4/resources/27"],"text":["MS-24","/repositories/4/resources/27","Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection","Petersburg (Va.)","Richmond (Va.)","Jackson (Miss.)","New York (N.Y.)","Birmingham (Ala.)","Civil rights","Civil rights movements","Civil rights demonstrations","Civil rights workers","State action (Civil rights)","African American civil rights workers","Women civil rights workers","African American women civil rights workers","Civil rights -- America","Civil rights -- Religious aspects","Black people -- Civil rights","Civil rights -- Africa","African American churches","Nonbook Materials","Finance","Project management","Church management","Campaign management","Management","Scholarships","Voter registration","Freedom Rides, 1961","Boycotts","Segregation","Racism","Race relations","Social justice","Christianity and justice","Actions and defenses","Libel and slander","Discrimination in employment","Manuscripts","Photographs","Audio-visual materials","Clippings","Personal correspondence","Invoices","Periodicals","Pamphlets","The majority of this collection is closed pending processing. Portions of four series are currently open to research, encompassing manuscript material dated through 1964.","Material is arranged into multiple series, with three series currently open for research.","Series 1:  Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker Series 2: Biographical: Wyatt Tee Walker Subseries 2.2: Correspondence Subseries 2.3: Civil Rights and Religious Work Series 3: Gillfield Baptist Church Subseries 3.1: Sermons Subseries 3.2: Programs and ephemera Subseries 3.3: Administrative records Series 4: Southern Christian Leadership Conference Subseries 4.1: Administrative Subseries 4.2: Correspondence Subseries 4.3: Publications Subseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns Subseries 4.5: Legal work Subseries 4.6: Related organizations Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.","The series currently includes three subseries: Subseries 2.1, Childhood and Education, 2.2 Correspondence, and Subseries 2.3, Civil Rights and Religious work.","Material is organized into seven subseries:","Subseries 4.1: Administrative,  Subseries 4.2: Correspondence, Subseries 4.3: Publications,   Subseries 4.4: Programs,  Subseries 4.5: Legal work,  Subseries 4.6: Related organizations, Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.","The Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker was born August 16, 1928 in Brockton, Massachusetts. Raised primarily in Merchantville, New Jersey, Walker attended Virginia Union University in Richmond, Virginia, earning bachelor's degrees in chemistry and physics before attending VUU's seminary school for his Masters of Divinity. During his time at VUU, he married his wife, Theresa Ann Walker née Edwards, who would remain an active partner at his side throughout his life. While in seminary, Walker was the head of the university's Inter-Seminary Movement, where he first met Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Walker and King would remain friends until King's assassination in 1968.","After graduating from seminary, Walker was called in 1953 to serve as the pastor of the historic Gillfield Baptist Church in Petersburg, Virginia, serving until 1960. During this time he founded the Petersburg Improvement Association, served as president for the local National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) chapter, and co-founded and served as state director for the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE). He also actively worked to integrate the city of Petersburg, successfully desegregating the Petersburg Public Library, lunch counters, and bus stops in the city.","In 1960, Walker was recruited to serve as the first full-time executive director and chief strategist of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), Dr. King's civil rights organization. He served in this role until 1964, overseeing the organization of several notable events in the Civil Rights Movement, including Project \"C\", SCLC's involvement in the Birmingham campaign, and the 1964 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. In 1961, Walker and his wife were arrested as Freedom Riders in Jackson, Mississippi. Mrs. Walker also survived a hotel bombing with their children and multiple other arrests for her role in the Civil Rights Movement.","After leaving SCLC in 1964, Walker worked with the Negro Heritage Library, an organization focused on getting Black literature into the public education system. In 1968 Dr. Walker was called to serve as senior pastor at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in Harlem, New York, where he served for 37 years. He was installed as pastor in late March by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., who gave his final sermon in New York City at the installation service before his assassination a few weeks later. Walker then organized King's funeral in New York City at the express request of Coretta Scott King, an event he would later call \"the crowning achievement of my organizational career.\" He would prove to be a productive pastor for Canaan, at one point receiving a million dollars annually in tithes, expanding the church building, and leading multiple church trips to the Holy Land and other international destinations including Japan.","During his time at Canaan, Walker continued his civil rights work, expanding his scope to international civil rights, serving on the board of Al Sharpton's National Action Network and a number of other organizations. A vocal supporter of anti-apartheid, Walker visited South Africa several times, serving as an election monitor in Souther Africa's first open election and becoming close friends with Nelson Mandela, who would visit Canaan Baptist Church as one of his first stops on his first presidential visit to the United States. Walker also worked with Governor Nelson Rockefeller as a special assistant on urban affairs. When national banks pulled out of Harlem, Walker opened Freedom National Bank to serve the Black community. He also developed a number of public housing projects, at one time acting as the largest single public housing developer in New York. Frustrated with the failures of the public education system, Walker worked to help pass the New York State charter school law and co-found the first charter school in the state, the Sisulu-Walker Charter School of Harlem. ","In his down time, Walker enjoyed sailing, belonging to a local yacht club in Yonkers, New York, and photography. After receiving a doctorate in ethnomusicology from Colgate-Rochester Divinity School, he went on to teach seminary classes at Virginia Union University and United Theological Seminary in Dayton, Ohio.","Walker retired from Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in 2004 after a series of strokes, moving to Chester, Virginia. In 2015 he and Mrs. Walker donated the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection to the University of Richmond, recording an oral history with the university in 2016. He remained in Virginia with his wife until his death at the age of 89 on January 23, 2018.","Processed by Taylor McNeilly and Andrea Kohashi.","Although portions of it are publicly available, this series is still in progress, and it is likely that Subseries 2.3 will expand rapidly with the addition of Walker's extensive writings.","Subseries 2.3 is likely to expand in the future with the addition of Walker's extensive writings on Civil Rights.","Materials in this collection include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. Walker, audio recordings of church services he led primarily at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, photographs and slides taken by Dr. Walker and his family, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, Dr. Walker's personal library, Dr. Walker's published books, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. Walker and his wife.","Series 1, Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker, currently includes notes on arrests, and arrest records.","This series contains material related to Dr. Walker's personal and professional activities outside of Gillfield, Canaan, and the SCLC.","Subseries 2.2: Correspondence, includes personal correspondence from or to Dr. and Mrs. Walker.","This folder contains a 1963 version of the musical  Jerico-Jim-Crow-Jerico .","Subseries 2.3, Civil Rights and Religious work, includes material pertaining to Walker's religious and civil rights activities not connected to Gillfield Baptist Church, Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, or the SCLC. It includes material concerning his efforts to integrate the Petersburg, VA library, and service programs from other churches like the Mount Level Baptist Church.","Series 3, Gillfield Baptist Church, includes material pertaining to Dr. Walker's work as pastor there like sermons, service programs, and meeting minutes.","Subseries 3.1, Sermons, contains notes and sermons from Walker's tenure at Gillfield Baptist Church. The material is organized as we received it, some topically and some chronologically. Often the service program is included with the sermon script or outline.","Topics include Thanksgiving, etc.","Series 3.2, Programs and ephemera, consists of programs and other items from Gillfield Baptist Church. These materials are organized chronologically.","Subseries 3.3, Administrative, has financial and correspondence records from Walker's time at Gillfield, including from his installation as pastor in 1953.","Series 4, Southern Christian Leadership Conference contains all material from Dr. Walker's time as executive director of SCLC, including programs, notes, administrative and legal documents, campaign materials and correspondence.","Subseries 4.1, Administrative, includes administrative records from Walker's time at SCLC, comprised of meeting minutes, reports, internal memos, and other financial documentation.","Subseries 4.2: Correspondence, includes general correspondence from SCLC, as well as specific correspondence dealing with the Birmingham campaign. Materials are organized chronolgocially.","Subseries 4.3: Publications includes official material published by SCLC, such as advertisements, press releases, pamhplets, and more.","Subseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns includes notes and promotional material related to specific programs or campaigns run by SCLC during Walker's time with the organization.","Subseries 4.5: Legal work includes records of legal action taken by SCLC. The materials are organized chronologically.","Subseries 4.6: Related organizations includes materials from other (mainly legal and civil rights) organizations that Walker and SCLC worked with.","Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. includes speeches, notes, writings, correspondence, and other printed material directly relating to Dr. King in his work with Walker at SCLC.","Dr. Walker's personal library has been separated from the collection and is housed within the Galvin Rare Book Room. These items can be found in our online catalog by searching \"Dr. \u0026 Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection.\"","This collection includes material related to and collected by the Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker and his wife, Theresa Ann Edwards Walkers. Materials include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. and Mrs. Walker, audio recordings of Dr. Walker's church services, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, photographs and slides taken by or depicting Dr. Walker, Dr. Walker's published works and unpublished manuscripts, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. and Mrs. Walker.","University of Richmond ","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964","Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-24","/repositories/4/resources/27"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection"],"collection_ssim":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection"],"repository_ssm":["University of Richmond"],"repository_ssim":["University of Richmond"],"geogname_ssm":["Petersburg (Va.)","Richmond (Va.)","Jackson (Miss.)","New York (N.Y.)","Birmingham (Ala.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Petersburg (Va.)","Richmond (Va.)","Jackson (Miss.)","New York (N.Y.)","Birmingham (Ala.)"],"creator_ssm":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights"],"creator_ssim":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights"],"creators_ssim":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights"],"places_ssim":["Petersburg (Va.)","Richmond (Va.)","Jackson (Miss.)","New York (N.Y.)","Birmingham (Ala.)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Material was donated to the university by Dr. Walker, his wife, and their family."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil rights","Civil rights movements","Civil rights demonstrations","Civil rights workers","State action (Civil rights)","African American civil rights workers","Women civil rights workers","African American women civil rights workers","Civil rights -- America","Civil rights -- Religious aspects","Black people -- Civil rights","Civil rights -- Africa","African American churches","Nonbook Materials","Finance","Project management","Church management","Campaign management","Management","Scholarships","Voter registration","Freedom Rides, 1961","Boycotts","Segregation","Racism","Race relations","Social justice","Christianity and justice","Actions and defenses","Libel and slander","Discrimination in employment","Manuscripts","Photographs","Audio-visual materials","Clippings","Personal correspondence","Invoices","Periodicals","Pamphlets"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil rights","Civil rights movements","Civil rights demonstrations","Civil rights workers","State action (Civil rights)","African American civil rights workers","Women civil rights workers","African American women civil rights workers","Civil rights -- America","Civil rights -- Religious aspects","Black people -- Civil rights","Civil rights -- Africa","African American churches","Nonbook Materials","Finance","Project management","Church management","Campaign management","Management","Scholarships","Voter registration","Freedom Rides, 1961","Boycotts","Segregation","Racism","Race relations","Social justice","Christianity and justice","Actions and defenses","Libel and slander","Discrimination in employment","Manuscripts","Photographs","Audio-visual materials","Clippings","Personal correspondence","Invoices","Periodicals","Pamphlets"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["50 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["50 Linear Feet"],"physfacet_tesim":["This is an approximate estimate while we wait for the final deposit and complete processing."],"genreform_ssim":["Manuscripts","Photographs","Audio-visual materials","Clippings","Personal correspondence","Invoices","Periodicals","Pamphlets"],"date_range_isim":[1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe majority of this collection is closed pending processing. Portions of four series are currently open to research, encompassing manuscript material dated through 1964.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The majority of this collection is closed pending processing. Portions of four series are currently open to research, encompassing manuscript material dated through 1964."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterial is arranged into multiple series, with three series currently open for research.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e\u003cemph\u003eSeries 1:\u003c/emph\u003e Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Biographical: Wyatt Tee Walker\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 2.2: Correspondence\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 2.3: Civil Rights and Religious Work\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Gillfield Baptist Church\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 3.1: Sermons\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 3.2: Programs and ephemera\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 3.3: Administrative records\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Southern Christian Leadership Conference\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.1: Administrative\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.2: Correspondence\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.3: Publications\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.5: Legal work\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.6: Related organizations\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series currently includes three subseries: Subseries 2.1, Childhood and Education, 2.2 Correspondence, and Subseries 2.3, Civil Rights and Religious work.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterial is organized into seven subseries:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003clist numeration=\"upperalpha\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.1: Administrative, \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.2: Correspondence,\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.3: Publications, \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e Subseries 4.4: Programs, \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.5: Legal work, \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.6: Related organizations,\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Material is arranged into multiple series, with three series currently open for research.","Series 1:  Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker Series 2: Biographical: Wyatt Tee Walker Subseries 2.2: Correspondence Subseries 2.3: Civil Rights and Religious Work Series 3: Gillfield Baptist Church Subseries 3.1: Sermons Subseries 3.2: Programs and ephemera Subseries 3.3: Administrative records Series 4: Southern Christian Leadership Conference Subseries 4.1: Administrative Subseries 4.2: Correspondence Subseries 4.3: Publications Subseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns Subseries 4.5: Legal work Subseries 4.6: Related organizations Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.","The series currently includes three subseries: Subseries 2.1, Childhood and Education, 2.2 Correspondence, and Subseries 2.3, Civil Rights and Religious work.","Material is organized into seven subseries:","Subseries 4.1: Administrative,  Subseries 4.2: Correspondence, Subseries 4.3: Publications,   Subseries 4.4: Programs,  Subseries 4.5: Legal work,  Subseries 4.6: Related organizations, Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker was born August 16, 1928 in Brockton, Massachusetts. Raised primarily in Merchantville, New Jersey, Walker attended Virginia Union University in Richmond, Virginia, earning bachelor's degrees in chemistry and physics before attending VUU's seminary school for his Masters of Divinity. During his time at VUU, he married his wife, Theresa Ann Walker née Edwards, who would remain an active partner at his side throughout his life. While in seminary, Walker was the head of the university's Inter-Seminary Movement, where he first met Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Walker and King would remain friends until King's assassination in 1968.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter graduating from seminary, Walker was called in 1953 to serve as the pastor of the historic Gillfield Baptist Church in Petersburg, Virginia, serving until 1960. During this time he founded the Petersburg Improvement Association, served as president for the local National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) chapter, and co-founded and served as state director for the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE). He also actively worked to integrate the city of Petersburg, successfully desegregating the Petersburg Public Library, lunch counters, and bus stops in the city.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1960, Walker was recruited to serve as the first full-time executive director and chief strategist of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), Dr. King's civil rights organization. He served in this role until 1964, overseeing the organization of several notable events in the Civil Rights Movement, including Project \"C\", SCLC's involvement in the Birmingham campaign, and the 1964 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. In 1961, Walker and his wife were arrested as Freedom Riders in Jackson, Mississippi. Mrs. Walker also survived a hotel bombing with their children and multiple other arrests for her role in the Civil Rights Movement.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter leaving SCLC in 1964, Walker worked with the Negro Heritage Library, an organization focused on getting Black literature into the public education system. In 1968 Dr. Walker was called to serve as senior pastor at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in Harlem, New York, where he served for 37 years. He was installed as pastor in late March by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., who gave his final sermon in New York City at the installation service before his assassination a few weeks later. Walker then organized King's funeral in New York City at the express request of Coretta Scott King, an event he would later call \"the crowning achievement of my organizational career.\" He would prove to be a productive pastor for Canaan, at one point receiving a million dollars annually in tithes, expanding the church building, and leading multiple church trips to the Holy Land and other international destinations including Japan.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring his time at Canaan, Walker continued his civil rights work, expanding his scope to international civil rights, serving on the board of Al Sharpton's National Action Network and a number of other organizations. A vocal supporter of anti-apartheid, Walker visited South Africa several times, serving as an election monitor in Souther Africa's first open election and becoming close friends with Nelson Mandela, who would visit Canaan Baptist Church as one of his first stops on his first presidential visit to the United States. Walker also worked with Governor Nelson Rockefeller as a special assistant on urban affairs. When national banks pulled out of Harlem, Walker opened Freedom National Bank to serve the Black community. He also developed a number of public housing projects, at one time acting as the largest single public housing developer in New York. Frustrated with the failures of the public education system, Walker worked to help pass the New York State charter school law and co-found the first charter school in the state, the Sisulu-Walker Charter School of Harlem. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn his down time, Walker enjoyed sailing, belonging to a local yacht club in Yonkers, New York, and photography. After receiving a doctorate in ethnomusicology from Colgate-Rochester Divinity School, he went on to teach seminary classes at Virginia Union University and United Theological Seminary in Dayton, Ohio.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWalker retired from Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in 2004 after a series of strokes, moving to Chester, Virginia. In 2015 he and Mrs. Walker donated the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection to the University of Richmond, recording an oral history with the university in 2016. He remained in Virginia with his wife until his death at the age of 89 on January 23, 2018.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker was born August 16, 1928 in Brockton, Massachusetts. Raised primarily in Merchantville, New Jersey, Walker attended Virginia Union University in Richmond, Virginia, earning bachelor's degrees in chemistry and physics before attending VUU's seminary school for his Masters of Divinity. During his time at VUU, he married his wife, Theresa Ann Walker née Edwards, who would remain an active partner at his side throughout his life. While in seminary, Walker was the head of the university's Inter-Seminary Movement, where he first met Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Walker and King would remain friends until King's assassination in 1968.","After graduating from seminary, Walker was called in 1953 to serve as the pastor of the historic Gillfield Baptist Church in Petersburg, Virginia, serving until 1960. During this time he founded the Petersburg Improvement Association, served as president for the local National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) chapter, and co-founded and served as state director for the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE). He also actively worked to integrate the city of Petersburg, successfully desegregating the Petersburg Public Library, lunch counters, and bus stops in the city.","In 1960, Walker was recruited to serve as the first full-time executive director and chief strategist of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), Dr. King's civil rights organization. He served in this role until 1964, overseeing the organization of several notable events in the Civil Rights Movement, including Project \"C\", SCLC's involvement in the Birmingham campaign, and the 1964 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. In 1961, Walker and his wife were arrested as Freedom Riders in Jackson, Mississippi. Mrs. Walker also survived a hotel bombing with their children and multiple other arrests for her role in the Civil Rights Movement.","After leaving SCLC in 1964, Walker worked with the Negro Heritage Library, an organization focused on getting Black literature into the public education system. In 1968 Dr. Walker was called to serve as senior pastor at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in Harlem, New York, where he served for 37 years. He was installed as pastor in late March by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., who gave his final sermon in New York City at the installation service before his assassination a few weeks later. Walker then organized King's funeral in New York City at the express request of Coretta Scott King, an event he would later call \"the crowning achievement of my organizational career.\" He would prove to be a productive pastor for Canaan, at one point receiving a million dollars annually in tithes, expanding the church building, and leading multiple church trips to the Holy Land and other international destinations including Japan.","During his time at Canaan, Walker continued his civil rights work, expanding his scope to international civil rights, serving on the board of Al Sharpton's National Action Network and a number of other organizations. A vocal supporter of anti-apartheid, Walker visited South Africa several times, serving as an election monitor in Souther Africa's first open election and becoming close friends with Nelson Mandela, who would visit Canaan Baptist Church as one of his first stops on his first presidential visit to the United States. Walker also worked with Governor Nelson Rockefeller as a special assistant on urban affairs. When national banks pulled out of Harlem, Walker opened Freedom National Bank to serve the Black community. He also developed a number of public housing projects, at one time acting as the largest single public housing developer in New York. Frustrated with the failures of the public education system, Walker worked to help pass the New York State charter school law and co-found the first charter school in the state, the Sisulu-Walker Charter School of Harlem. ","In his down time, Walker enjoyed sailing, belonging to a local yacht club in Yonkers, New York, and photography. After receiving a doctorate in ethnomusicology from Colgate-Rochester Divinity School, he went on to teach seminary classes at Virginia Union University and United Theological Seminary in Dayton, Ohio.","Walker retired from Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in 2004 after a series of strokes, moving to Chester, Virginia. In 2015 he and Mrs. Walker donated the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection to the University of Richmond, recording an oral history with the university in 2016. He remained in Virginia with his wife until his death at the age of 89 on January 23, 2018."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Box Number, Folder Number], MS-24, the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection, Book Arts, Archives, \u0026amp; Rare Books, Boatwright Memorial Library, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Box Number, Folder Number], MS-24, the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection, Book Arts, Archives, \u0026 Rare Books, Boatwright Memorial Library, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Taylor McNeilly and Andrea Kohashi.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough portions of it are publicly available, this series is still in progress, and it is likely that Subseries 2.3 will expand rapidly with the addition of Walker's extensive writings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 2.3 is likely to expand in the future with the addition of Walker's extensive writings on Civil Rights.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information","Processing Information","Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Taylor McNeilly and Andrea Kohashi.","Although portions of it are publicly available, this series is still in progress, and it is likely that Subseries 2.3 will expand rapidly with the addition of Walker's extensive writings.","Subseries 2.3 is likely to expand in the future with the addition of Walker's extensive writings on Civil Rights."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in this collection include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. Walker, audio recordings of church services he led primarily at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, photographs and slides taken by Dr. Walker and his family, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, Dr. Walker's personal library, Dr. Walker's published books, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. Walker and his wife.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1, Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker, currently includes notes on arrests, and arrest records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains material related to Dr. Walker's personal and professional activities outside of Gillfield, Canaan, and the SCLC.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 2.2: Correspondence, includes personal correspondence from or to Dr. and Mrs. Walker.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains a 1963 version of the musical \u003ctitle\u003eJerico-Jim-Crow-Jerico\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 2.3, Civil Rights and Religious work, includes material pertaining to Walker's religious and civil rights activities not connected to Gillfield Baptist Church, Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, or the SCLC. It includes material concerning his efforts to integrate the Petersburg, VA library, and service programs from other churches like the Mount Level Baptist Church.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3, Gillfield Baptist Church, includes material pertaining to Dr. Walker's work as pastor there like sermons, service programs, and meeting minutes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 3.1, Sermons, contains notes and sermons from Walker's tenure at Gillfield Baptist Church. The material is organized as we received it, some topically and some chronologically. Often the service program is included with the sermon script or outline.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include Thanksgiving, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3.2, Programs and ephemera, consists of programs and other items from Gillfield Baptist Church. These materials are organized chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 3.3, Administrative, has financial and correspondence records from Walker's time at Gillfield, including from his installation as pastor in 1953.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4, Southern Christian Leadership Conference contains all material from Dr. Walker's time as executive director of SCLC, including programs, notes, administrative and legal documents, campaign materials and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.1, Administrative, includes administrative records from Walker's time at SCLC, comprised of meeting minutes, reports, internal memos, and other financial documentation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.2: Correspondence, includes general correspondence from SCLC, as well as specific correspondence dealing with the Birmingham campaign. Materials are organized chronolgocially.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.3: Publications includes official material published by SCLC, such as advertisements, press releases, pamhplets, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns includes notes and promotional material related to specific programs or campaigns run by SCLC during Walker's time with the organization.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.5: Legal work includes records of legal action taken by SCLC. The materials are organized chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.6: Related organizations includes materials from other (mainly legal and civil rights) organizations that Walker and SCLC worked with.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. includes speeches, notes, writings, correspondence, and other printed material directly relating to Dr. King in his work with Walker at SCLC.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Materials in this collection include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. Walker, audio recordings of church services he led primarily at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, photographs and slides taken by Dr. Walker and his family, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, Dr. Walker's personal library, Dr. Walker's published books, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. Walker and his wife.","Series 1, Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker, currently includes notes on arrests, and arrest records.","This series contains material related to Dr. Walker's personal and professional activities outside of Gillfield, Canaan, and the SCLC.","Subseries 2.2: Correspondence, includes personal correspondence from or to Dr. and Mrs. Walker.","This folder contains a 1963 version of the musical  Jerico-Jim-Crow-Jerico .","Subseries 2.3, Civil Rights and Religious work, includes material pertaining to Walker's religious and civil rights activities not connected to Gillfield Baptist Church, Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, or the SCLC. It includes material concerning his efforts to integrate the Petersburg, VA library, and service programs from other churches like the Mount Level Baptist Church.","Series 3, Gillfield Baptist Church, includes material pertaining to Dr. Walker's work as pastor there like sermons, service programs, and meeting minutes.","Subseries 3.1, Sermons, contains notes and sermons from Walker's tenure at Gillfield Baptist Church. The material is organized as we received it, some topically and some chronologically. Often the service program is included with the sermon script or outline.","Topics include Thanksgiving, etc.","Series 3.2, Programs and ephemera, consists of programs and other items from Gillfield Baptist Church. These materials are organized chronologically.","Subseries 3.3, Administrative, has financial and correspondence records from Walker's time at Gillfield, including from his installation as pastor in 1953.","Series 4, Southern Christian Leadership Conference contains all material from Dr. Walker's time as executive director of SCLC, including programs, notes, administrative and legal documents, campaign materials and correspondence.","Subseries 4.1, Administrative, includes administrative records from Walker's time at SCLC, comprised of meeting minutes, reports, internal memos, and other financial documentation.","Subseries 4.2: Correspondence, includes general correspondence from SCLC, as well as specific correspondence dealing with the Birmingham campaign. Materials are organized chronolgocially.","Subseries 4.3: Publications includes official material published by SCLC, such as advertisements, press releases, pamhplets, and more.","Subseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns includes notes and promotional material related to specific programs or campaigns run by SCLC during Walker's time with the organization.","Subseries 4.5: Legal work includes records of legal action taken by SCLC. The materials are organized chronologically.","Subseries 4.6: Related organizations includes materials from other (mainly legal and civil rights) organizations that Walker and SCLC worked with.","Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. includes speeches, notes, writings, correspondence, and other printed material directly relating to Dr. King in his work with Walker at SCLC."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. Walker's personal library has been separated from the collection and is housed within the Galvin Rare Book Room. These items can be found in our online catalog by searching \"Dr. \u0026amp; Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Dr. Walker's personal library has been separated from the collection and is housed within the Galvin Rare Book Room. These items can be found in our online catalog by searching \"Dr. \u0026 Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection.\""],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_99a2c806065b9d964d30006dd304b175\"\u003eThis collection includes material related to and collected by the Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker and his wife, Theresa Ann Edwards Walkers. Materials include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. and Mrs. Walker, audio recordings of Dr. Walker's church services, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, photographs and slides taken by or depicting Dr. Walker, Dr. Walker's published works and unpublished manuscripts, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. and Mrs. Walker.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes material related to and collected by the Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker and his wife, Theresa Ann Edwards Walkers. Materials include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. and Mrs. Walker, audio recordings of Dr. Walker's church services, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, photographs and slides taken by or depicting Dr. Walker, Dr. Walker's published works and unpublished manuscripts, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. and Mrs. Walker."],"names_coll_ssim":["Southern Christian Leadership Conference","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964","Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987"],"names_ssim":["University of Richmond ","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964","Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987"],"corpname_ssim":["University of Richmond ","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964"],"persname_ssim":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":190,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T04:07:59.594Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_27"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8342","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Howard Emmons Morgan, Jr. Letters","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8342#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Morgan, Howard Emmons","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8342#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003e99 letters and photographs from Howard Emmons Morgan, Jr. who served in the Army in a segregated unit during World War II as part of Company A of the 949th Air Base Security Regiment and later the 1322nd Engineers General Service Regiment based out of Camp Swift, Texas and Hawaii. Most of his active service was in Hawaii and the South Pacific and Morgan comments at length about his observations of the flora and fauna of these areas. Morgan identifies as a Ramapough Mountain Indian and while he is attached to a segregated unit, does not see himself as an African American. On the contrary, Morgan writes often of his dislike of many of the African Americans in his unit, refers to them using denigrating slurs, and even writes about his fear of his skin becoming darker from time in the sun. Included with the collection are eight typescripts for prayer services for his unit.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8342#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8342","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8342","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8342","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8342","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_8342.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Morgan, Jr., Howard Emmons Letters","title_ssm":["Howard Emmons Morgan, Jr. Letters"],"title_tesim":["Howard Emmons Morgan, Jr. Letters"],"unitdate_ssm":["1943-1945"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1943-1945"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS 00272","/repositories/2/resources/8342"],"text":["MS 00272","/repositories/2/resources/8342","Howard Emmons Morgan, Jr. Letters","Ramapo Mountain people","World War, 1939-1945","Segregation","World War, 1939-1945--Pacific Area","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","99 letters and photographs from Howard Emmons Morgan, Jr. who served in the Army in a segregated unit during World War II as part of Company A of the 949th Air Base Security  Regiment and later the 1322nd Engineers General Service Regiment based out of Camp Swift, Texas and Hawaii.  Most of his active service was in Hawaii and the South Pacific and Morgan comments at length about his observations of the flora and fauna of these areas.  Morgan identifies as a Ramapough Mountain Indian and while he is attached to a segregated unit, does not see himself as an African American.  On the contrary, Morgan writes often of his dislike of many of the African Americans in his unit, refers to them using denigrating slurs, and even writes about his fear of his skin becoming darker from time in the sun.  Included with the collection are eight typescripts for prayer services for his unit.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","United States. Army. Service Command Unit, 1322nd","Morgan, Howard Emmons","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS 00272","/repositories/2/resources/8342"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Howard Emmons Morgan, Jr. Letters"],"collection_title_tesim":["Howard Emmons Morgan, Jr. Letters"],"collection_ssim":["Howard Emmons Morgan, Jr. Letters"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_ssm":["Morgan, Howard Emmons"],"creator_ssim":["Morgan, Howard Emmons"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Morgan, Howard Emmons"],"creators_ssim":["Morgan, Howard Emmons"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased from Langdon Manor Books with funds from the Lyon Gardiner Tyler Library Endowment, 2018."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Ramapo Mountain people","World War, 1939-1945","Segregation","World War, 1939-1945--Pacific Area"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Ramapo Mountain people","World War, 1939-1945","Segregation","World War, 1939-1945--Pacific Area"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.05 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["0.05 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1943,1944,1945],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e99 letters and photographs from Howard Emmons Morgan, Jr. who served in the Army in a segregated unit during World War II as part of Company A of the 949th Air Base Security  Regiment and later the 1322nd Engineers General Service Regiment based out of Camp Swift, Texas and Hawaii.  Most of his active service was in Hawaii and the South Pacific and Morgan comments at length about his observations of the flora and fauna of these areas.  Morgan identifies as a Ramapough Mountain Indian and while he is attached to a segregated unit, does not see himself as an African American.  On the contrary, Morgan writes often of his dislike of many of the African Americans in his unit, refers to them using denigrating slurs, and even writes about his fear of his skin becoming darker from time in the sun.  Included with the collection are eight typescripts for prayer services for his unit.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["99 letters and photographs from Howard Emmons Morgan, Jr. who served in the Army in a segregated unit during World War II as part of Company A of the 949th Air Base Security  Regiment and later the 1322nd Engineers General Service Regiment based out of Camp Swift, Texas and Hawaii.  Most of his active service was in Hawaii and the South Pacific and Morgan comments at length about his observations of the flora and fauna of these areas.  Morgan identifies as a Ramapough Mountain Indian and while he is attached to a segregated unit, does not see himself as an African American.  On the contrary, Morgan writes often of his dislike of many of the African Americans in his unit, refers to them using denigrating slurs, and even writes about his fear of his skin becoming darker from time in the sun.  Included with the collection are eight typescripts for prayer services for his unit."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Army. Service Command Unit, 1322nd"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","United States. Army. Service Command Unit, 1322nd","Morgan, Howard Emmons"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","United States. Army. Service Command Unit, 1322nd"],"persname_ssim":["Morgan, Howard Emmons"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T06:12:41.321Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8342","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8342","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8342","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8342","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_8342.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Morgan, Jr., Howard Emmons Letters","title_ssm":["Howard Emmons Morgan, Jr. Letters"],"title_tesim":["Howard Emmons Morgan, Jr. Letters"],"unitdate_ssm":["1943-1945"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1943-1945"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS 00272","/repositories/2/resources/8342"],"text":["MS 00272","/repositories/2/resources/8342","Howard Emmons Morgan, Jr. Letters","Ramapo Mountain people","World War, 1939-1945","Segregation","World War, 1939-1945--Pacific Area","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","99 letters and photographs from Howard Emmons Morgan, Jr. who served in the Army in a segregated unit during World War II as part of Company A of the 949th Air Base Security  Regiment and later the 1322nd Engineers General Service Regiment based out of Camp Swift, Texas and Hawaii.  Most of his active service was in Hawaii and the South Pacific and Morgan comments at length about his observations of the flora and fauna of these areas.  Morgan identifies as a Ramapough Mountain Indian and while he is attached to a segregated unit, does not see himself as an African American.  On the contrary, Morgan writes often of his dislike of many of the African Americans in his unit, refers to them using denigrating slurs, and even writes about his fear of his skin becoming darker from time in the sun.  Included with the collection are eight typescripts for prayer services for his unit.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","United States. Army. Service Command Unit, 1322nd","Morgan, Howard Emmons","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS 00272","/repositories/2/resources/8342"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Howard Emmons Morgan, Jr. Letters"],"collection_title_tesim":["Howard Emmons Morgan, Jr. Letters"],"collection_ssim":["Howard Emmons Morgan, Jr. Letters"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_ssm":["Morgan, Howard Emmons"],"creator_ssim":["Morgan, Howard Emmons"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Morgan, Howard Emmons"],"creators_ssim":["Morgan, Howard Emmons"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased from Langdon Manor Books with funds from the Lyon Gardiner Tyler Library Endowment, 2018."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Ramapo Mountain people","World War, 1939-1945","Segregation","World War, 1939-1945--Pacific Area"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Ramapo Mountain people","World War, 1939-1945","Segregation","World War, 1939-1945--Pacific Area"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.05 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["0.05 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1943,1944,1945],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e99 letters and photographs from Howard Emmons Morgan, Jr. who served in the Army in a segregated unit during World War II as part of Company A of the 949th Air Base Security  Regiment and later the 1322nd Engineers General Service Regiment based out of Camp Swift, Texas and Hawaii.  Most of his active service was in Hawaii and the South Pacific and Morgan comments at length about his observations of the flora and fauna of these areas.  Morgan identifies as a Ramapough Mountain Indian and while he is attached to a segregated unit, does not see himself as an African American.  On the contrary, Morgan writes often of his dislike of many of the African Americans in his unit, refers to them using denigrating slurs, and even writes about his fear of his skin becoming darker from time in the sun.  Included with the collection are eight typescripts for prayer services for his unit.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["99 letters and photographs from Howard Emmons Morgan, Jr. who served in the Army in a segregated unit during World War II as part of Company A of the 949th Air Base Security  Regiment and later the 1322nd Engineers General Service Regiment based out of Camp Swift, Texas and Hawaii.  Most of his active service was in Hawaii and the South Pacific and Morgan comments at length about his observations of the flora and fauna of these areas.  Morgan identifies as a Ramapough Mountain Indian and while he is attached to a segregated unit, does not see himself as an African American.  On the contrary, Morgan writes often of his dislike of many of the African Americans in his unit, refers to them using denigrating slurs, and even writes about his fear of his skin becoming darker from time in the sun.  Included with the collection are eight typescripts for prayer services for his unit."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Army. Service Command Unit, 1322nd"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","United States. Army. Service Command Unit, 1322nd","Morgan, Howard Emmons"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","United States. Army. Service Command Unit, 1322nd"],"persname_ssim":["Morgan, Howard Emmons"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T06:12:41.321Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8342"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_10048","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Marian Anderson concert advertisement","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_10048#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eCollection contains a single concert advertisement for a segregated show for Marian Anderson. The advertisement reads: S. Hurok presents Marion Anderson \"The Great American Singer\" at the Mosque Theater. The ad also lists separate seating prices for white and black individuals.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_10048#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_10048","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_10048","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_10048","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_10048","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_10048.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Marian Anderson concert advertisement","title_ssm":["Marian Anderson concert advertisement"],"title_tesim":["Marian Anderson concert advertisement"],"unitdate_ssm":["1947"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1947"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 02008","/repositories/2/resources/10048"],"text":["SC 02008","/repositories/2/resources/10048","Marian Anderson concert advertisement","Segregation","Theater","Theater--United States--History","Black American  music","African American music","Music--Performance--United States","African Americans -- Segregation","Segregation and the press","Segregation -- United States","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","The marian Anderson concert advertisement is arranged by item.","The document advertises a concert performance by Marian Andersom on Friday November 22, 1947 at 8:30 PM at the Mosque Theater. The audience was segregated with Black audience members being restricted to the Mezzanine and Balcony seating. ","Marian Anderson was an American contralto and figure in the Civil Rights Movement. In 1955, Anderson became the first African American woman to perform at the Metropolitan Opera. Anderson performed at the 1963 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. Anderson recieved numerous awards including the first Presidental Medal of Freedom.","William \u0026 Mary Libraries' archival, digital and physical collections may contain content with harmful language or difficult subject matters. We strive for transparency in making these materials available for teaching and research, but we do not endorse the attitudes, prejudices or behaviors found within them.","William \u0026 Mary Libraries' perspective on harmful content and language aligns with the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) and university libraries around the world.","Collection contains a single  concert advertisement for a segregated show for Marian Anderson. The advertisement reads: S. Hurok presents Marion Anderson \"The Great American Singer\" at the Mosque Theater. The ad also lists separate seating prices for white and black individuals.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Purchase- John Dann Rare Books","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 02008","/repositories/2/resources/10048"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Marian Anderson concert advertisement"],"collection_title_tesim":["Marian Anderson concert advertisement"],"collection_ssim":["Marian Anderson concert advertisement"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Segregation","Theater","Theater--United States--History","Black American  music","African American music","Music--Performance--United States","African Americans -- Segregation","Segregation and the press","Segregation -- United States"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Segregation","Theater","Theater--United States--History","Black American  music","African American music","Music--Performance--United States","African Americans -- Segregation","Segregation and the press","Segregation -- United States"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.01 Linear Feet One legal size folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.01 Linear Feet One legal size folder"],"date_range_isim":[1947],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe marian Anderson concert advertisement is arranged by item.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The marian Anderson concert advertisement is arranged by item."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe document advertises a concert performance by Marian Andersom on Friday November 22, 1947 at 8:30 PM at the Mosque Theater. The audience was segregated with Black audience members being restricted to the Mezzanine and Balcony seating. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMarian Anderson was an American contralto and figure in the Civil Rights Movement. In 1955, Anderson became the first African American woman to perform at the Metropolitan Opera. Anderson performed at the 1963 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. Anderson recieved numerous awards including the first Presidental Medal of Freedom.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The document advertises a concert performance by Marian Andersom on Friday November 22, 1947 at 8:30 PM at the Mosque Theater. The audience was segregated with Black audience members being restricted to the Mezzanine and Balcony seating. ","Marian Anderson was an American contralto and figure in the Civil Rights Movement. In 1955, Anderson became the first African American woman to perform at the Metropolitan Opera. Anderson performed at the 1963 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. Anderson recieved numerous awards including the first Presidental Medal of Freedom."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam \u0026amp; Mary Libraries' archival, digital and physical collections may contain content with harmful language or difficult subject matters. We strive for transparency in making these materials available for teaching and research, but we do not endorse the attitudes, prejudices or behaviors found within them.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliam \u0026amp; Mary Libraries' perspective on harmful content and language aligns with the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) and university libraries around the world.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["William \u0026 Mary Libraries' archival, digital and physical collections may contain content with harmful language or difficult subject matters. We strive for transparency in making these materials available for teaching and research, but we do not endorse the attitudes, prejudices or behaviors found within them.","William \u0026 Mary Libraries' perspective on harmful content and language aligns with the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) and university libraries around the world."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMarian Anderson concert advertisement, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Marian Anderson concert advertisement, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection contains a single  concert advertisement for a segregated show for Marian Anderson. The advertisement reads: S. Hurok presents Marion Anderson \"The Great American Singer\" at the Mosque Theater. The ad also lists separate seating prices for white and black individuals.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Collection contains a single  concert advertisement for a segregated show for Marian Anderson. The advertisement reads: S. Hurok presents Marion Anderson \"The Great American Singer\" at the Mosque Theater. The ad also lists separate seating prices for white and black individuals."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Purchase- John Dann Rare Books"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Purchase- John Dann Rare Books"],"persname_ssim":["Purchase- John Dann Rare Books"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T07:43:09.962Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_10048","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_10048","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_10048","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_10048","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_10048.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Marian Anderson concert advertisement","title_ssm":["Marian Anderson concert advertisement"],"title_tesim":["Marian Anderson concert advertisement"],"unitdate_ssm":["1947"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1947"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 02008","/repositories/2/resources/10048"],"text":["SC 02008","/repositories/2/resources/10048","Marian Anderson concert advertisement","Segregation","Theater","Theater--United States--History","Black American  music","African American music","Music--Performance--United States","African Americans -- Segregation","Segregation and the press","Segregation -- United States","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","The marian Anderson concert advertisement is arranged by item.","The document advertises a concert performance by Marian Andersom on Friday November 22, 1947 at 8:30 PM at the Mosque Theater. The audience was segregated with Black audience members being restricted to the Mezzanine and Balcony seating. ","Marian Anderson was an American contralto and figure in the Civil Rights Movement. In 1955, Anderson became the first African American woman to perform at the Metropolitan Opera. Anderson performed at the 1963 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. Anderson recieved numerous awards including the first Presidental Medal of Freedom.","William \u0026 Mary Libraries' archival, digital and physical collections may contain content with harmful language or difficult subject matters. We strive for transparency in making these materials available for teaching and research, but we do not endorse the attitudes, prejudices or behaviors found within them.","William \u0026 Mary Libraries' perspective on harmful content and language aligns with the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) and university libraries around the world.","Collection contains a single  concert advertisement for a segregated show for Marian Anderson. The advertisement reads: S. Hurok presents Marion Anderson \"The Great American Singer\" at the Mosque Theater. The ad also lists separate seating prices for white and black individuals.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Purchase- John Dann Rare Books","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 02008","/repositories/2/resources/10048"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Marian Anderson concert advertisement"],"collection_title_tesim":["Marian Anderson concert advertisement"],"collection_ssim":["Marian Anderson concert advertisement"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Segregation","Theater","Theater--United States--History","Black American  music","African American music","Music--Performance--United States","African Americans -- Segregation","Segregation and the press","Segregation -- United States"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Segregation","Theater","Theater--United States--History","Black American  music","African American music","Music--Performance--United States","African Americans -- Segregation","Segregation and the press","Segregation -- United States"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.01 Linear Feet One legal size folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.01 Linear Feet One legal size folder"],"date_range_isim":[1947],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe marian Anderson concert advertisement is arranged by item.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The marian Anderson concert advertisement is arranged by item."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe document advertises a concert performance by Marian Andersom on Friday November 22, 1947 at 8:30 PM at the Mosque Theater. The audience was segregated with Black audience members being restricted to the Mezzanine and Balcony seating. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMarian Anderson was an American contralto and figure in the Civil Rights Movement. In 1955, Anderson became the first African American woman to perform at the Metropolitan Opera. Anderson performed at the 1963 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. Anderson recieved numerous awards including the first Presidental Medal of Freedom.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The document advertises a concert performance by Marian Andersom on Friday November 22, 1947 at 8:30 PM at the Mosque Theater. The audience was segregated with Black audience members being restricted to the Mezzanine and Balcony seating. ","Marian Anderson was an American contralto and figure in the Civil Rights Movement. In 1955, Anderson became the first African American woman to perform at the Metropolitan Opera. Anderson performed at the 1963 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. Anderson recieved numerous awards including the first Presidental Medal of Freedom."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam \u0026amp; Mary Libraries' archival, digital and physical collections may contain content with harmful language or difficult subject matters. We strive for transparency in making these materials available for teaching and research, but we do not endorse the attitudes, prejudices or behaviors found within them.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliam \u0026amp; Mary Libraries' perspective on harmful content and language aligns with the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) and university libraries around the world.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["William \u0026 Mary Libraries' archival, digital and physical collections may contain content with harmful language or difficult subject matters. We strive for transparency in making these materials available for teaching and research, but we do not endorse the attitudes, prejudices or behaviors found within them.","William \u0026 Mary Libraries' perspective on harmful content and language aligns with the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) and university libraries around the world."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMarian Anderson concert advertisement, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Marian Anderson concert advertisement, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection contains a single  concert advertisement for a segregated show for Marian Anderson. The advertisement reads: S. Hurok presents Marion Anderson \"The Great American Singer\" at the Mosque Theater. The ad also lists separate seating prices for white and black individuals.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Collection contains a single  concert advertisement for a segregated show for Marian Anderson. The advertisement reads: S. Hurok presents Marion Anderson \"The Great American Singer\" at the Mosque Theater. The ad also lists separate seating prices for white and black individuals."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Purchase- John Dann Rare Books"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Purchase- John Dann Rare Books"],"persname_ssim":["Purchase- John Dann Rare Books"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T07:43:09.962Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_10048"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8593_c03_c11","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Richard Hughes Carter","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8593_c03_c11#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8593_c03_c11","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8593_c03_c11"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8593_c03_c11","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8593","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8593","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8593_c03","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8593_c03","parent_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8593","viw_repositories_2_resources_8593_c03"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8593","viw_repositories_2_resources_8593_c03"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["James City County Oral History Collection","Series 3: Cassette Tapes"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["James City County Oral History Collection","Series 3: Cassette Tapes"],"text":["James City County Oral History Collection","Series 3: Cassette Tapes","Richard Hughes Carter","Deaf--Education--United States","Education","Architecture, Domestic--Virginia","Physicians","Segregation","Great Depression","Newspapers","Audiocassette Tape 84-013.1","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access."],"title_filing_ssi":"Richard Hughes Carter","title_ssm":["Richard Hughes Carter"],"title_tesim":["Richard Hughes Carter"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Richard Hughes Carter"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["James City County Oral History Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":110,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Deaf--Education--United States","Education","Architecture, Domestic--Virginia","Physicians","Segregation","Great Depression","Newspapers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Deaf--Education--United States","Education","Architecture, Domestic--Virginia","Physicians","Segregation","Great Depression","Newspapers"],"containers_ssim":["Audiocassette Tape 84-013.1"],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e"],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access."],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#10","timestamp":"2026-05-21T06:23:42.909Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8593","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8593","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8593","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8593","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_8593.xml","title_filing_ssi":"James City County Oral History Collection","title_ssm":["James City County Oral History Collection"],"title_tesim":["James City County Oral History Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1983-1986","1984"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1984"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1983-1986"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS 00241","/repositories/2/resources/8593"],"text":["MS 00241","/repositories/2/resources/8593","James City County Oral History Collection","Virginia--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Williamsburg (Va.)--Biography","Williamsburg (Va.)--History","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--18th century","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--19th century","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","York County (Va.)--Biography","York County (Va.)--History","York County (Va.)--History--19th century","Colonial Williamsburg Foundation--History","Education--Virginia--Williamsburg--19th century","Interviews","James City County (Va.)--Biography","James City County (Va.)--History","James City County (Va.)--History--19th century","Oral histories","Audiocassettes","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Numerical order by numbers assigned by JCC Historical Commission.","Historical Commission of James City County, Virginia.","Audiocassettes have been digitized and are available to listen in the reading room. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","All audiocassette tapes have been digitized. Digital files require at least 72 hours advanced notice for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Reprocessed by Anne Johnson in 2009 and 2011.","The Cassette Tapes have been digitized and require at least 72 hours advanced notice for access.","The James City County Oral History Collection holds two copies of transcripts and one corresponding cassette tapes of the Oral History Project directed by Robinette Fitzsimmon of the James City County Historical Commission. The collections includes interviews of residents of James City County, the City of Williamsburg, and York County, Virginia.  Topics range from education to farming to Eastern State Hospital.  Time periods covered begin with family memories from the Revolutionary War to the 1980's.  Many interviewees were born in late 1800's to early 1900's.","Swem Library did not receive all the cassette tapes or transcripts as listed on the JCC Historical Commission Accession system.  These interviews were either never done or not received by Swem Library's Special Collections Research Center.","Audiocassettes have been digitized and are available to listen in the reading room. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Comprehensive Subject Index, Alphabetical index by Participants and Numerical Index (Key Index) by Assigned Participant Numbers. The subject index lists the numbers assigned by the JCC Historical Commission. Use these numbers on the numerical index to find the person interviewed. You may also search alphabetically by participant. These indices are filed in the front of each box. Participants Index by Accession Number 84-001 Judge Robert T. Armistead 84-003 Ed Belvin 84-004 Alleyne Blayton 84-005 Virginia Vaiden Bowen 84-006 C. Hammond Branch 84-008 Mary E.Brown 84-009 Robert Lawrence Caldwell 84-011 Joseph Hammond Carlton 84-013 Richard Hughes Carter 84-014 Dr. Carlton Jerome Casey 84-015 Thomas Coleman 84-016 Phillip Cooke 84-017 Phillip Cooke 84-020 Ruth Cowles 84-021 Preston Crump 84-023 William Cumber 84-025 Caroline Dozier 84-029 Jean Etheridge 84-031 Ethel and Leonard Ford 84-033 Willard Gilley 84-034 Leonard Graves 84-035 Rose Gross 84-036 Gladys Guy 84-037 Frances Hamilton 84-038 Ruth Hankins 84-039 Clara Harris 84-040 Rev. Carter Harrison 84-041 Gracie Lillian Slater Hazelwood 84-042 Mabel Hazelwood 84-043 Edna Hockaday 84-046 Harold Hunt, Sr. 84-047 Mr. and Mrs. Willis Jenson 84-048 Sam T. Jones 84-049 Dr. Janet Kimbrough 84-051 Herman Kinde, Occupation: Automobile Saleman. Norwegian Families. Norge and Lightfoot. 84-052 Alexander Lee 84-053 Harris Lee, Sr. 84-054 Shirley Payne Low 84-060 Berit T. Mesarick 84-061 Doris Wildenburger and Pearl Miller 84-062 Rev. Junius Moody 84-063 Mildred Moody 84-066 Julia Oxrieder 84-068 Elizabeth Parrilla 84-070 Catherine Pippin 84-071 Rev. Thomas Pugh 84-072 Grace Radcliffe 84-073 Alma Ransone 84-074 Arline Richardson 84-077 Parke Rouse 84-078 Clara Russell 84-079 Hattie J. Sasser 84-081 Lettie Slauson and Lillian Sutton 84-083 O.M. Smith 84-086 Edward Stewart 84-087 Rev. James B. Tabb 84-090 Stewart Taylor 84-093 D. Gardiner Tyler 84-097 George Waltrip 84-100 Frances Murray White 84-102 Peggy Zuzma 84-104 Lydia Gardner 84-109 Francis Robb 84-111 Thelma Pederson 84-113 Imogene Bell 84-114 John Marcellos and Lawrence Rowe 84-117 George Farthing 84-118 David Ware 84-121 Samuel Nelson Parker 84-124 Betty Meanly Crenshaw 84-125 Carra Dillard 85-130 John Jennings 84-131 Mildred Layne 84-132 Maria Mapp 84-136 Knox Ratcliffe and Harold Radcliffe 84-137 Nannie Kay Ripley 84-139 Alice Tudor 84-141 R.B (Benny). Gilliam 84-142 Forrest Griffin 84-143 Wilton Kinnamon 84-144 A.C. \"Pete\" Hunt, Sr. 84-147 Charlie Fields 84-148 Mrs. Dewey Renick 84-149 Mrs. Louise Meanley 84-151 Herman Kinde 84-152 Louise Herring 84-156 Willard Epperson 84-157 Virgie Wickre Newton Walter Owens (no transcript), but 1 cassette tape dated 12/8/87 85-130 John Jennings 86-001 Doris Epps 86-002 Mrs. Paul Grisenauer Alphabetical List of Participants Judge Robert T. Armistead 84-001 Imogene Bell 84-113 Ed Belvin 84-003 Alleyne Blayton 84-004 Virginia Vaiden Bowen 84-005 C. Hammond Branch 84-006 Mary E.Brown 84-008 Robert Lawrence Caldwell 84-009 Joseph Hammond Carlton 84-011 Richard Hughes Carter 84-013 Dr. Carlton Jerome Casey 84-014 Thomas Coleman 84-015 Phillip Cooke 84-016, 84-107 Ruth Cowles 84-020 Betty Meanly Crenshaw 84-124 Preston Crump 84-021 William Cumber 84-023 Carra Dillard 84-125 Caroline Dozier 84-025 Willard Epperson 84-156 Doris Epps 86-001 Jean Etheridge 84-029 George Farthing 84-117 Charlie Fields 84-147 Ethel and Leonard Ford 84-031 Lydia Gardner 84-104 Willard Gilley 84-033 R.B (Benny). Gilliam 84-141 Leonard Graves 84-034 Forrest Griffin 84-142 Rose Gross 84-035 Mrs. Paul Grisenauer 86-002 Gladys Guy 84-036 Frances Hamilton 84-037 Ruth Hankins 84-038 Clara Harris 84-039 Rev. Carter Harrison 84-040 Gracie Lillian Slater Hazelwood 84-041 Mabel Hazelwood 84-042 Louise Herring 84-152 Edna Hockaday 84-043 A.C. \"Pete\" Hunt, Sr. 84-144 Harold Hunt, Sr. 84-046 John Jennings 85-130 Mr. and Mrs. Willis Jenson 84-047 Sam T. Jones 84-048 Dr. Janet Kimbrough 84-049 Herman Kinde 84-151 Wilton Kinnamon 84-143 Mildred Layne 84-131 Alexander Lee 84-052 Harris Lee, Sr. 84-053 Shirley Payne Low 84-054 Maria Mapp 84-132 Mrs. Louise Meanley 84-149 Berit T. Mesarick 84-060 Doris Wildenburger and Pearl Miller 84-061 Rev. Junius Moody 84-062 Mildred Moody 84-063 Virgie Wickre Newton 84-157 Walter Owens (no transcript), but 1 cassette tape dated 12/8/87 Julia Oxrieder 84-066 Samuel Nelson Parker 84-121 Elizabeth Parrilla 84-068 Thelma Pederson 84-111 Catherine Pippin 84-070 Rev. Thomas Pugh 84-071 Grace Radcliffe 84-072 Knox Ratcliffe and Harold Radcliffe 84-136 Alma Ransone 84-073 Mrs. Dewey Renick 84-148 Nannie Kay Ripley 84-137 Arline Richardson 84-074 Francis Robb 84-109 Parke Rouse 84-077 John Marcellos and Lawrence Rowe 84-114 Clara Russell 84-078 Hattie J. Sasser 84-079 Lettie Slauson and Lillian Sutton 84-081 O.M. Smith 84-083 Edward Stewart 84-086 Rev. James B. Tabb 84-087 Stewart Taylor 84-090 Alice Tudor 84-139 D. Gardiner Tyler 84-093 George Waltrip 84-097 David Ware 84-118 Frances Murray White 84-100 Peggy Zuzma 84-102   Subject Index A Archaelogy 001, 100 Architecture 013 Aviation 003 B Barhamsville047, 074, 090 Black/White relations 84-: 004, 013, 014, 016, 017, 023, 031, 035, 036, 038, 043, 047, 048, 049, 052, 053, 054, 061, 062, 063, 066, 068, 071, 072, 074, 077, 078, 079, 081, 083, 087, 097, 100, 102, 104, 109, 111, 113, 114, 118, 121, 125, 131, 132, 136, 137, 141, 142, 148, 151, 174, 86-001   Business, Barhamsville 074 Business, Centerville 132 Business, Croaker 031 Business, Diascund041, 043 Business, Five Forks 84-102 Business, Grove 052, 087, 131 Business, Lightfoot 061 Business, Norge 037, 047, 151 Business, Williamsburg 003, 008, 013, 014, 015, 016, 017, 021, 024, 034, 038, 040, 052, 053, 054, 073, 096, 066, 068, 077, 078, 097, 109, 111, 114, 117, 121, 131, 132, 142, 143, 156, 86-001, C Christmas 004, 014, 017, 020, 031, 033, 037, 041, 043, 047, 048, 049, 052, 054, 60, 061, 063, 068, 073, 074, 078, 087, 102, 114, 118, 132, 137, 148, 151, 174, Civil War 001, 006, 021, 033, 036, 038, 040, 043, 048, 053, 063, 072, 074, 078, 081, 083, 086, 100, 102, 111, 117, 118, 125, 130, 132, 136, 151, 174 Courts 001, 017, 052, 090, 093, 117, 130, 174 Crime 001, 021, 025, 021, 036, 052, 053, 063, 073, 097, 111, 132, 141, 142, 152, 148, 86-001 Croaker 017, 031, 038, 047, 117, 121, 130, 136, 137, 151, 86-001 D Depression 001, 003, 004, 006, 008, 009, 013, 014, 016, 017, 021, 029, 031, 033, 034, 036, 037, 041, 043, 046, 047, 048, 049, 052, 061, 062, 063, 066, 068, 072, 073, 074, 078, 081, 086, 090, 109, 111, 118, 121, 125, 130, 132, 137, 139, 142, 143, 148 Diascund 020, 041, 043 Disaster 031, 038, 041, 046, 048, 053, 063, 066, 074, 081, 083, 086, 097, 102, 104, 130, 139, 148 E Economy 006, 014, 017, 020, 021, 025, 033, 034, 035, 036, 038, 040, 041, 043, 048, 052, 053, 061, 062, 063, 066, 068, 072, 073, 074, 077, 078, 081, 086, 087, 090, 097, 102, 109, 114, 117, 118, 121, 125, 130, 131, 132, 136, 137, 139, 141, 142, 143, 148, 156, 174, 86-001 Education 001, 004, 005, 006, 008, 009, 011, 013, 014, 016, 017, 020, 021, 023, 029, 031, 033, 034, 035, 036, 037, 038, 040, 041, 043, 046, 047, 048, 049, 052, 053, 054, 060, 061, 062, 063, 068, 071, 072, 073, 074, 077, 078, 081, 083, 086, 087, 090, 093, 097, 102, 104, 109, 111, 114, 117, 118, 121, 125, 130, 131, 132, 136, 137, 139, 141, 142, 143, 148, 156, 174 Ewell 84-046 F Family Life 004, 005, 006, 008, 011, 013, 014, 016, 017, 020, 021, 023, 029, 031, 033, 034, 035, 036, 037, 038, 040, 041, 043, 046, 047, 048, 049, 052, 053, 054, 060, 061, 062, 063, 066, 068, 071, 072, 073, 074, 077, 078, 081, 083, 086, 087, 090, 093, 097, 102, 104, 109, 111, 114, 117, 118, 121, 125, 130, 131, 132, 136, 137, 139, 141, 142, 143, 148, 151, 156, 174, 86-001 Farming 001, 005, 006, 008, 009, 011, 013, 014, 020, 021, 025, 031, 033, 035, 038, 041, 043, 044, 047, 048, 052, 053, 060, 061, 062, 066, 068, 072, 073, 074, 078, 081, 083, 086, 087, 090, 097, 100, 102, 104, 109, 111, 114, 118, 130, 132, 136, 139, 142, 148, 151, 156, 174 Fishing 001, 031, 038, 043, 047, 048, 053, 078, 081, 083, 087, 090, 097, 102, 109, 114, 136 Five Forks 097, 100, 102, 114, 132, 151 G Government 001, 006, 009, 011, 013, 017, 033, 034, 046, 049, 052, 053, 054, 062, 072, 077, 090, 118, 139 Grove 001, 017, 035, 052, 053, 062, 072, 078, 087, 131, 136, 139, 156 Growth 001, 004, 005, 008, 009, 011, 013, 015, 016, 017, 020, 033, 034, 036, 041, 060, 062, 066, 071, 073, 077, 087, 097, 125, 130, 139, 141, 86-001 H Hunting 001, 020, 048, 083, 102, 109, 114, 130, 141, 142, 156 J James City County 013 Jamestown 001, 003, 005, 017, 020, 033, 034, 036, 040, 049, 054, 060, 078, 081, 083, 093, 097, 100, 102, 111, 114, 132, 139, 141 L Lanexa 011, 038, 043 Lightfoot 001, 020, 036, 046, 047, 061, 074, 109, 117, 132, 141, 142, 148, 151 Lumbering 005, 006, 020, 035, 038, 046, 048, 074, 102, 117, 130, 132, 143, 151 M Medicine 004, 006, 008, 009, 013, 014, 016, 020, 121, 029, 034, 038, 041, 043, 046, 048, 049, 052, 078, 083, 086, 087, 102, 104, 111, 113, 114, 125, 130, 132, 148 N Norge001, 006, 013, 020, 031, 034, 035, 036, 037, 046, 047, 061, 063, 097, 117, 139, 151, 86-001 R Recreation 001, 003, 004, 006, 008, 009, 011, 013, 014, 015, 016, 017, 020, 021, 023, 025, 029, 031, 033, 034, 035, 036, 041, 043, 046, 047, 049, 052, 053, 054, 060, 061, 062, 063, 066, 068, 073, 074, 077, 078, 081, 087, 090, 093, 097, 102, 104, 109, 111, 113, 114, 117, 121, 125, 130, 131, 132, 137, 139, 141, 142, 143, 148, 151, 156, 86-001 Religion 001, 004, 006, 009, 011, 013, 014, 017, 020, 021, 035, 038, 040, 041, 043, 046, 047, 048, 052, 053, 061, 062, 066, 071, 073, 074, 077, 079, 081, 083, 086, 087, 093, 102, 109, 111, 118, 121, 132, 137, 143, 151 Revolutionary War 001, 038, 040, 078, 081, 083, 100, 118, 125, 130, 139, 141, 151 S Shipping 005, 006, 043, 046, 048, 078, 081, 097, 100, 102, 114, 118, 141, 143, 156 Social Life 004, 034, 036, 037, 041, 109, 113 Superstitions004, 008, 013, 016, 017, 021, 038, 048, 049, 087, 090, 102, 111, 114, 130, 132 T Toano001, 005, 009, 021, 025, 031, 034, 036, 038, 040, 041, 043, 046, 047, 048, 061, 063, 074, 090, 109, 118, 130, 142, 148, 151, 86-001 Traditions 013, 017 Transportation 001, 003, 004, 006, 008, 009, 011, 014, 015, 017, 020, 021, 029, 031, 033, 034, 038, 040, 041, 043, 046, 047, 048, 049, 052, 053, 060, 061, 062, 063, 066, 068, 072, 073, 074, 077, 078, 081, 086, 087, 093, 097, 102, 109, 111, 114, 117, 118, 121, 125, 130, 131, 132, 136, 137, 139, 141, 142, 143, 148, 151, 156, 174, 86-001 W Williamsburg001, 003, 005, 008, 009, 013, 014, 015, 016, 017, 021, 023, 029, 034, 036, 040, 046, 049, 053, 054, 060, 061, 066, 073, 077, 078, 079, 090, 093, 104, 109, 111, 113, 117, 121, 125, 131, 132, 139, 142, 143, 156, 86-001 World War I 020, 021, 029, 038, 041, 046, 047, 048, 054, 061, 063, 072, 081, 086, 097, 100, 102, 104, 111, 118, 125, 139, 148, 151, 156, 157 World War II 001, 003, 009, 013, 017, 020, 023, 025, 029, 033, 035, 037, 038, 043, 046, 047, 052, 053, 060, 061, 063, 066, 081, 083, 087, 102, 109, 111, 117, 118, 121, 132, 141, 151","Each folder includes a typed transcription of the cassette tape, often with a handwritten copy and/or changes made later by the interviewee. An index, with page numbers, of subjects covered in the interviews is included, plus a form with biographical information about the interviewee. There is a signed Release Form at the back of each folder. The transcriptions are filed in numerical order.","Occupation: Judge. Regarding local government, courts, physical changes, tours, depression, education at Matthew Whaley, recreation, homes and law enforcement.","Occupation: Retired Educator.","Occupation: Housewife, Bookkeeper.","Occupation: Farmer. Toano.","Bruton Heights School, Colonial Williamsburg and more.","Occupation: Physician at Eastern State Hospital.","Hotel Felix, Toano and more.","Occupation: Retired Clergyman and Museum Historical Teacher, Colonial Williamsburg Supervisor of Training. Williamsburg.","Occupation:  Physician.","Occupation: Waiter.","Occupation: Worked at Western Union, and William and Mary. Black History. Bruton High School.","Occupation:  Organist and Choir Director of Mt. Vernon Methodist Church.  Born in Lightfoot, lived in Toano.","Williamsburg. Crump's Hotel. Civil War. Black History.","Occupation: Cook for W\u0026M College Presidents, in charge of Officers' Club at Camp Peary.","Occupation:  Principal of Mathew Whaley.","Occupation: Home Owner. Lived in Toano.","Croaker.  Norge in the 1950's.  Lutheran Church.","Occupation:  Milk Distributor.  Family moved to JCC in  1905.  He was born on Neck-o-land Road.","Occupation:  Frazier-Graves Co., Inc., Men's Cothing Store on Duke of Gloucester Street.","Moved to Williamsburg in 1903.  General Williamsburg history and changes.","Father, Mr. Bennett, a faculty member at William and Mary and Superintendent of Williamsburg's Public Schools.  Born 1898.","Occupation:  Retired U.S. Postal Clerk. Lived in Norge. Norwegian Families.","Occupation: Math Teacher and Housewife. Family were farmers in Toano. Born 1898.","Early days in Williamsburg and James City County. Family from Williamsburg area for many generations. Jerusalem Baptist Church.","Attended William and Mary 1920-1923. Rector of Hickory Neck as a young man. Harrison Family. Carter's Grove.","Her youth in Williamsburg.","Moved to James City County in 1908. Old Academy School. Toano area.","Occupation:  Teacher at Diascund School. Born 1901 in James City County near New Kent County line.  Education.","Occupation:  Farmer.  Norge.  Moved to Hill Pleasant Farm in 1912 and to Norge in 1904.","Occupation: Mr. Jenson was a Rural Mail Carrier and his wife a housewife. Born 1890's. Lived in Norge. Norwegian Families.","Occupation:  Handyman.  Born1905. Toano. Chickahominy Road.","Moved to Williamsburg in 1906.  Childhood in Williamsburg.","Occupation:  Automobile Saleman. Norwegian Families.  Norge and Lightfoot.","Naval Weapons Station.  York County. Black History.","Grove. Naval Weapons Station.  Black History.  Civil War.","Occupation:  Teacher, Training Supervisor for Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, author and more. Williamsburg in 1950's.","Norwegian Families. Norway. Moved to Williamsburg area in early 1970's.","Lightfoot. Norge. Norwegian Families.","Occupation: Minister and School Teacher. Born in 1903. Arrived in James City County in 1925. Black History.","Toano. Born 1906.","Occupation:  Mathematician.  Father was Dean of William and Mary Law School. Born 1925.","Occupation:  Sweet Baker at Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.  Born 1903. Black History.","1940's and 1950's memories of Williamsburg.","Occupation: Baptist Minister. Moved to Williamsburg in 1952.","Grove. York County. Naval Weapons Station. Black History. Sacalis Family.","Moved to Williamsburg about 1925. Burns Lane.","Occupation: Teacher. Born about 1900. Barhamsville.","Occupation:  Museum Director, writer.  Born 1915.  Moved to Williamsburg in 1951.","Born 1893 in James City County. Carter's Grove. Booth Family.","Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Black History.","Williamsburg in 1920's and 1930's and later.","Moved to Williamsburg in 1943. James City County Bible and Agriculture Training School.","Barhamsville. New Kent. Born about 1900.","Occupation: Pastor. Born 1926. Camp Peary. Black History.","Occupation: Farmer. Born 1915 in James City County. Civil War. Toano. New Kent.","Occupation: Attorney. Born 1899 at Sherwood Forest\" New Kent County. Williamsburg in early 1900's.","Born 1919 in James City County. Carter's Grove. Lake Powell.","Born 1928. 18th Century.  Property ownership in James City County.","Waltrip Family. Born 1921 in Five Forks. James City County.","Occupation:  Housewife.  Grew up on Nicholson Street in Williamsburg.","Father went to William and Mary and was Professor/Chair of Chemistry Department.  Born in 1928.  Chandler Court.  Bruton Parish.","Dore Family. Peacock Hill.  Early 1900's.","Wife of Dr. Baxter Bell of Bell Hospital. Talks of Eastern State, Bell Hospital and more. Occupation: Nurse.","Born early 1900s.  Jamestown Island. Hickory Signpost Road. Black History.","Growing up in Williamsburg area.","Occupation:  Real Estate, Lumber. Born 1916 in James City County at Windsor Castle. Mayflower descendant of Francis Eaton.  Toano.  Forge Road. Burnt Ordinary.  Farming.","Born 1907. York Street.  Black History.","Family store in Toano. Schools in Toano and Williamsburg, and William and Mary.","Garrett Family, Father on faculty at William and Mary.  Born 1898.","Occupation:  Vice President of Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.  Born in 1911. Carter's Grove.  Grove.","Skipwith Farm.  Farming.  Longhill Road. Early 1900's.","Grove. York County.  Naval Weapons Station.  Black History.","Born about 1900.  Moved to James City County in 1920. Farming.","Occupation:  Teacher.  Moved to Williamsburg in 1918.  Born in 1910.","Family Occupation: Farmer.  Lived in Kingsmill area, Longhill Road and Camp Peary.","Occupation:  Food Purchasing Agent for Colonial Williamsburg.  Family lived in Williamsburg for many generations.","Occupation:  Owner of Kinnamon's Garage and Wrecker Service. Born 1913. Came to Williamsburg in 1919.","Transcript not located.","Born 1890.  Lived on Chickahominy Road, born in Fluvanna, Virginia.  Did farm work for Hankins family.","Williamsburg Female Institute. Born about 1900.","Occupation:  Teacher.  Toano.  Moved to James City County in 1920.","Norge. Norwegian families.","Occupation:  Barber. Born in Raleigh, North Carolina. Hotel near Williamsburg Inn.","Born 1908 in Williamsburg.  Norwegian Families. Wickre Street in Williamsburg.","Occupation:  Director Emeritus, Virginia Historical Society.  Born 1916 in Toano. Vaiden family.","Williamsburg.","Came to Williamsburg in 1918 with her first husband who was a stave (barrel) sawyer. Mr. Griesenauer was a Potter.","No transcript, but one cassette tape.","Published by the James City County Historical Commission. Edited by Nancy Smith Bradshaw. Acc. 1993.55.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","James City County Historical Commission","Belvin, Edward","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS 00241","/repositories/2/resources/8593"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James City County Oral History Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["James City County Oral History Collection"],"collection_ssim":["James City County Oral History Collection"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Williamsburg (Va.)--Biography","Williamsburg (Va.)--History","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--18th century","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--19th century","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","York County (Va.)--Biography","York County (Va.)--History","York County (Va.)--History--19th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Williamsburg (Va.)--Biography","Williamsburg (Va.)--History","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--18th century","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--19th century","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","York County (Va.)--Biography","York County (Va.)--History","York County (Va.)--History--19th century"],"creator_ssm":["James City County Historical Commission"],"creator_ssim":["James City County Historical Commission"],"creator_famname_ssim":["James City County Historical Commission"],"creators_ssim":["James City County Historical Commission"],"places_ssim":["Virginia--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","Williamsburg (Va.)--Biography","Williamsburg (Va.)--History","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--18th century","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--19th century","Williamsburg (Va.)--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","York County (Va.)--Biography","York County (Va.)--History","York County (Va.)--History--19th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gifts in 1989, 1993 and 2010."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg Foundation--History","Education--Virginia--Williamsburg--19th century","Interviews","James City County (Va.)--Biography","James City County (Va.)--History","James City County (Va.)--History--19th century","Oral histories","Audiocassettes"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Colonial Williamsburg Foundation--History","Education--Virginia--Williamsburg--19th century","Interviews","James City County (Va.)--Biography","James City County (Va.)--History","James City County (Va.)--History--19th century","Oral histories","Audiocassettes"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["7.00 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["7.00 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Audiocassettes"],"date_range_isim":[1983,1984,1985,1986],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNumerical order by numbers assigned by JCC Historical Commission.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:"],"arrangement_tesim":["Numerical order by numbers assigned by JCC Historical Commission."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHistorical Commission of James City County, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["Historical Commission of James City County, Virginia."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAudiocassettes have been digitized and are available to listen in the reading room. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAll audiocassette tapes have been digitized. Digital files require at least 72 hours advanced notice for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e"],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements","Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["Audiocassettes have been digitized and are available to listen in the reading room. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","All audiocassette tapes have been digitized. Digital files require at least 72 hours advanced notice for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Digital files. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames City County Oral History Collection, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["James City County Oral History Collection, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eReprocessed by Anne Johnson in 2009 and 2011.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Cassette Tapes have been digitized and require at least 72 hours advanced notice for access.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:","Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Reprocessed by Anne Johnson in 2009 and 2011.","The Cassette Tapes have been digitized and require at least 72 hours advanced notice for access."],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The James City County Oral History Collection holds two copies of transcripts and one corresponding cassette tapes of the Oral History Project directed by Robinette Fitzsimmon of the James City County Historical Commission. The collections includes interviews of residents of James City County, the City of Williamsburg, and York County, Virginia.  Topics range from education to farming to Eastern State Hospital.  Time periods covered begin with family memories from the Revolutionary War to the 1980's.  Many interviewees were born in late 1800's to early 1900's.","Swem Library did not receive all the cassette tapes or transcripts as listed on the JCC Historical Commission Accession system.  These interviews were either never done or not received by Swem Library's Special Collections Research Center.","Audiocassettes have been digitized and are available to listen in the reading room. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.","Comprehensive Subject Index, Alphabetical index by Participants and Numerical Index (Key Index) by Assigned Participant Numbers. The subject index lists the numbers assigned by the JCC Historical Commission. Use these numbers on the numerical index to find the person interviewed. You may also search alphabetically by participant. These indices are filed in the front of each box. Participants Index by Accession Number 84-001 Judge Robert T. Armistead 84-003 Ed Belvin 84-004 Alleyne Blayton 84-005 Virginia Vaiden Bowen 84-006 C. Hammond Branch 84-008 Mary E.Brown 84-009 Robert Lawrence Caldwell 84-011 Joseph Hammond Carlton 84-013 Richard Hughes Carter 84-014 Dr. Carlton Jerome Casey 84-015 Thomas Coleman 84-016 Phillip Cooke 84-017 Phillip Cooke 84-020 Ruth Cowles 84-021 Preston Crump 84-023 William Cumber 84-025 Caroline Dozier 84-029 Jean Etheridge 84-031 Ethel and Leonard Ford 84-033 Willard Gilley 84-034 Leonard Graves 84-035 Rose Gross 84-036 Gladys Guy 84-037 Frances Hamilton 84-038 Ruth Hankins 84-039 Clara Harris 84-040 Rev. Carter Harrison 84-041 Gracie Lillian Slater Hazelwood 84-042 Mabel Hazelwood 84-043 Edna Hockaday 84-046 Harold Hunt, Sr. 84-047 Mr. and Mrs. Willis Jenson 84-048 Sam T. Jones 84-049 Dr. Janet Kimbrough 84-051 Herman Kinde, Occupation: Automobile Saleman. Norwegian Families. Norge and Lightfoot. 84-052 Alexander Lee 84-053 Harris Lee, Sr. 84-054 Shirley Payne Low 84-060 Berit T. Mesarick 84-061 Doris Wildenburger and Pearl Miller 84-062 Rev. Junius Moody 84-063 Mildred Moody 84-066 Julia Oxrieder 84-068 Elizabeth Parrilla 84-070 Catherine Pippin 84-071 Rev. Thomas Pugh 84-072 Grace Radcliffe 84-073 Alma Ransone 84-074 Arline Richardson 84-077 Parke Rouse 84-078 Clara Russell 84-079 Hattie J. Sasser 84-081 Lettie Slauson and Lillian Sutton 84-083 O.M. Smith 84-086 Edward Stewart 84-087 Rev. James B. Tabb 84-090 Stewart Taylor 84-093 D. Gardiner Tyler 84-097 George Waltrip 84-100 Frances Murray White 84-102 Peggy Zuzma 84-104 Lydia Gardner 84-109 Francis Robb 84-111 Thelma Pederson 84-113 Imogene Bell 84-114 John Marcellos and Lawrence Rowe 84-117 George Farthing 84-118 David Ware 84-121 Samuel Nelson Parker 84-124 Betty Meanly Crenshaw 84-125 Carra Dillard 85-130 John Jennings 84-131 Mildred Layne 84-132 Maria Mapp 84-136 Knox Ratcliffe and Harold Radcliffe 84-137 Nannie Kay Ripley 84-139 Alice Tudor 84-141 R.B (Benny). Gilliam 84-142 Forrest Griffin 84-143 Wilton Kinnamon 84-144 A.C. \"Pete\" Hunt, Sr. 84-147 Charlie Fields 84-148 Mrs. Dewey Renick 84-149 Mrs. Louise Meanley 84-151 Herman Kinde 84-152 Louise Herring 84-156 Willard Epperson 84-157 Virgie Wickre Newton Walter Owens (no transcript), but 1 cassette tape dated 12/8/87 85-130 John Jennings 86-001 Doris Epps 86-002 Mrs. Paul Grisenauer Alphabetical List of Participants Judge Robert T. Armistead 84-001 Imogene Bell 84-113 Ed Belvin 84-003 Alleyne Blayton 84-004 Virginia Vaiden Bowen 84-005 C. Hammond Branch 84-006 Mary E.Brown 84-008 Robert Lawrence Caldwell 84-009 Joseph Hammond Carlton 84-011 Richard Hughes Carter 84-013 Dr. Carlton Jerome Casey 84-014 Thomas Coleman 84-015 Phillip Cooke 84-016, 84-107 Ruth Cowles 84-020 Betty Meanly Crenshaw 84-124 Preston Crump 84-021 William Cumber 84-023 Carra Dillard 84-125 Caroline Dozier 84-025 Willard Epperson 84-156 Doris Epps 86-001 Jean Etheridge 84-029 George Farthing 84-117 Charlie Fields 84-147 Ethel and Leonard Ford 84-031 Lydia Gardner 84-104 Willard Gilley 84-033 R.B (Benny). Gilliam 84-141 Leonard Graves 84-034 Forrest Griffin 84-142 Rose Gross 84-035 Mrs. Paul Grisenauer 86-002 Gladys Guy 84-036 Frances Hamilton 84-037 Ruth Hankins 84-038 Clara Harris 84-039 Rev. Carter Harrison 84-040 Gracie Lillian Slater Hazelwood 84-041 Mabel Hazelwood 84-042 Louise Herring 84-152 Edna Hockaday 84-043 A.C. \"Pete\" Hunt, Sr. 84-144 Harold Hunt, Sr. 84-046 John Jennings 85-130 Mr. and Mrs. Willis Jenson 84-047 Sam T. Jones 84-048 Dr. Janet Kimbrough 84-049 Herman Kinde 84-151 Wilton Kinnamon 84-143 Mildred Layne 84-131 Alexander Lee 84-052 Harris Lee, Sr. 84-053 Shirley Payne Low 84-054 Maria Mapp 84-132 Mrs. Louise Meanley 84-149 Berit T. Mesarick 84-060 Doris Wildenburger and Pearl Miller 84-061 Rev. Junius Moody 84-062 Mildred Moody 84-063 Virgie Wickre Newton 84-157 Walter Owens (no transcript), but 1 cassette tape dated 12/8/87 Julia Oxrieder 84-066 Samuel Nelson Parker 84-121 Elizabeth Parrilla 84-068 Thelma Pederson 84-111 Catherine Pippin 84-070 Rev. Thomas Pugh 84-071 Grace Radcliffe 84-072 Knox Ratcliffe and Harold Radcliffe 84-136 Alma Ransone 84-073 Mrs. Dewey Renick 84-148 Nannie Kay Ripley 84-137 Arline Richardson 84-074 Francis Robb 84-109 Parke Rouse 84-077 John Marcellos and Lawrence Rowe 84-114 Clara Russell 84-078 Hattie J. Sasser 84-079 Lettie Slauson and Lillian Sutton 84-081 O.M. Smith 84-083 Edward Stewart 84-086 Rev. James B. Tabb 84-087 Stewart Taylor 84-090 Alice Tudor 84-139 D. Gardiner Tyler 84-093 George Waltrip 84-097 David Ware 84-118 Frances Murray White 84-100 Peggy Zuzma 84-102   Subject Index A Archaelogy 001, 100 Architecture 013 Aviation 003 B Barhamsville047, 074, 090 Black/White relations 84-: 004, 013, 014, 016, 017, 023, 031, 035, 036, 038, 043, 047, 048, 049, 052, 053, 054, 061, 062, 063, 066, 068, 071, 072, 074, 077, 078, 079, 081, 083, 087, 097, 100, 102, 104, 109, 111, 113, 114, 118, 121, 125, 131, 132, 136, 137, 141, 142, 148, 151, 174, 86-001   Business, Barhamsville 074 Business, Centerville 132 Business, Croaker 031 Business, Diascund041, 043 Business, Five Forks 84-102 Business, Grove 052, 087, 131 Business, Lightfoot 061 Business, Norge 037, 047, 151 Business, Williamsburg 003, 008, 013, 014, 015, 016, 017, 021, 024, 034, 038, 040, 052, 053, 054, 073, 096, 066, 068, 077, 078, 097, 109, 111, 114, 117, 121, 131, 132, 142, 143, 156, 86-001, C Christmas 004, 014, 017, 020, 031, 033, 037, 041, 043, 047, 048, 049, 052, 054, 60, 061, 063, 068, 073, 074, 078, 087, 102, 114, 118, 132, 137, 148, 151, 174, Civil War 001, 006, 021, 033, 036, 038, 040, 043, 048, 053, 063, 072, 074, 078, 081, 083, 086, 100, 102, 111, 117, 118, 125, 130, 132, 136, 151, 174 Courts 001, 017, 052, 090, 093, 117, 130, 174 Crime 001, 021, 025, 021, 036, 052, 053, 063, 073, 097, 111, 132, 141, 142, 152, 148, 86-001 Croaker 017, 031, 038, 047, 117, 121, 130, 136, 137, 151, 86-001 D Depression 001, 003, 004, 006, 008, 009, 013, 014, 016, 017, 021, 029, 031, 033, 034, 036, 037, 041, 043, 046, 047, 048, 049, 052, 061, 062, 063, 066, 068, 072, 073, 074, 078, 081, 086, 090, 109, 111, 118, 121, 125, 130, 132, 137, 139, 142, 143, 148 Diascund 020, 041, 043 Disaster 031, 038, 041, 046, 048, 053, 063, 066, 074, 081, 083, 086, 097, 102, 104, 130, 139, 148 E Economy 006, 014, 017, 020, 021, 025, 033, 034, 035, 036, 038, 040, 041, 043, 048, 052, 053, 061, 062, 063, 066, 068, 072, 073, 074, 077, 078, 081, 086, 087, 090, 097, 102, 109, 114, 117, 118, 121, 125, 130, 131, 132, 136, 137, 139, 141, 142, 143, 148, 156, 174, 86-001 Education 001, 004, 005, 006, 008, 009, 011, 013, 014, 016, 017, 020, 021, 023, 029, 031, 033, 034, 035, 036, 037, 038, 040, 041, 043, 046, 047, 048, 049, 052, 053, 054, 060, 061, 062, 063, 068, 071, 072, 073, 074, 077, 078, 081, 083, 086, 087, 090, 093, 097, 102, 104, 109, 111, 114, 117, 118, 121, 125, 130, 131, 132, 136, 137, 139, 141, 142, 143, 148, 156, 174 Ewell 84-046 F Family Life 004, 005, 006, 008, 011, 013, 014, 016, 017, 020, 021, 023, 029, 031, 033, 034, 035, 036, 037, 038, 040, 041, 043, 046, 047, 048, 049, 052, 053, 054, 060, 061, 062, 063, 066, 068, 071, 072, 073, 074, 077, 078, 081, 083, 086, 087, 090, 093, 097, 102, 104, 109, 111, 114, 117, 118, 121, 125, 130, 131, 132, 136, 137, 139, 141, 142, 143, 148, 151, 156, 174, 86-001 Farming 001, 005, 006, 008, 009, 011, 013, 014, 020, 021, 025, 031, 033, 035, 038, 041, 043, 044, 047, 048, 052, 053, 060, 061, 062, 066, 068, 072, 073, 074, 078, 081, 083, 086, 087, 090, 097, 100, 102, 104, 109, 111, 114, 118, 130, 132, 136, 139, 142, 148, 151, 156, 174 Fishing 001, 031, 038, 043, 047, 048, 053, 078, 081, 083, 087, 090, 097, 102, 109, 114, 136 Five Forks 097, 100, 102, 114, 132, 151 G Government 001, 006, 009, 011, 013, 017, 033, 034, 046, 049, 052, 053, 054, 062, 072, 077, 090, 118, 139 Grove 001, 017, 035, 052, 053, 062, 072, 078, 087, 131, 136, 139, 156 Growth 001, 004, 005, 008, 009, 011, 013, 015, 016, 017, 020, 033, 034, 036, 041, 060, 062, 066, 071, 073, 077, 087, 097, 125, 130, 139, 141, 86-001 H Hunting 001, 020, 048, 083, 102, 109, 114, 130, 141, 142, 156 J James City County 013 Jamestown 001, 003, 005, 017, 020, 033, 034, 036, 040, 049, 054, 060, 078, 081, 083, 093, 097, 100, 102, 111, 114, 132, 139, 141 L Lanexa 011, 038, 043 Lightfoot 001, 020, 036, 046, 047, 061, 074, 109, 117, 132, 141, 142, 148, 151 Lumbering 005, 006, 020, 035, 038, 046, 048, 074, 102, 117, 130, 132, 143, 151 M Medicine 004, 006, 008, 009, 013, 014, 016, 020, 121, 029, 034, 038, 041, 043, 046, 048, 049, 052, 078, 083, 086, 087, 102, 104, 111, 113, 114, 125, 130, 132, 148 N Norge001, 006, 013, 020, 031, 034, 035, 036, 037, 046, 047, 061, 063, 097, 117, 139, 151, 86-001 R Recreation 001, 003, 004, 006, 008, 009, 011, 013, 014, 015, 016, 017, 020, 021, 023, 025, 029, 031, 033, 034, 035, 036, 041, 043, 046, 047, 049, 052, 053, 054, 060, 061, 062, 063, 066, 068, 073, 074, 077, 078, 081, 087, 090, 093, 097, 102, 104, 109, 111, 113, 114, 117, 121, 125, 130, 131, 132, 137, 139, 141, 142, 143, 148, 151, 156, 86-001 Religion 001, 004, 006, 009, 011, 013, 014, 017, 020, 021, 035, 038, 040, 041, 043, 046, 047, 048, 052, 053, 061, 062, 066, 071, 073, 074, 077, 079, 081, 083, 086, 087, 093, 102, 109, 111, 118, 121, 132, 137, 143, 151 Revolutionary War 001, 038, 040, 078, 081, 083, 100, 118, 125, 130, 139, 141, 151 S Shipping 005, 006, 043, 046, 048, 078, 081, 097, 100, 102, 114, 118, 141, 143, 156 Social Life 004, 034, 036, 037, 041, 109, 113 Superstitions004, 008, 013, 016, 017, 021, 038, 048, 049, 087, 090, 102, 111, 114, 130, 132 T Toano001, 005, 009, 021, 025, 031, 034, 036, 038, 040, 041, 043, 046, 047, 048, 061, 063, 074, 090, 109, 118, 130, 142, 148, 151, 86-001 Traditions 013, 017 Transportation 001, 003, 004, 006, 008, 009, 011, 014, 015, 017, 020, 021, 029, 031, 033, 034, 038, 040, 041, 043, 046, 047, 048, 049, 052, 053, 060, 061, 062, 063, 066, 068, 072, 073, 074, 077, 078, 081, 086, 087, 093, 097, 102, 109, 111, 114, 117, 118, 121, 125, 130, 131, 132, 136, 137, 139, 141, 142, 143, 148, 151, 156, 174, 86-001 W Williamsburg001, 003, 005, 008, 009, 013, 014, 015, 016, 017, 021, 023, 029, 034, 036, 040, 046, 049, 053, 054, 060, 061, 066, 073, 077, 078, 079, 090, 093, 104, 109, 111, 113, 117, 121, 125, 131, 132, 139, 142, 143, 156, 86-001 World War I 020, 021, 029, 038, 041, 046, 047, 048, 054, 061, 063, 072, 081, 086, 097, 100, 102, 104, 111, 118, 125, 139, 148, 151, 156, 157 World War II 001, 003, 009, 013, 017, 020, 023, 025, 029, 033, 035, 037, 038, 043, 046, 047, 052, 053, 060, 061, 063, 066, 081, 083, 087, 102, 109, 111, 117, 118, 121, 132, 141, 151","Each folder includes a typed transcription of the cassette tape, often with a handwritten copy and/or changes made later by the interviewee. An index, with page numbers, of subjects covered in the interviews is included, plus a form with biographical information about the interviewee. There is a signed Release Form at the back of each folder. The transcriptions are filed in numerical order.","Occupation: Judge. Regarding local government, courts, physical changes, tours, depression, education at Matthew Whaley, recreation, homes and law enforcement.","Occupation: Retired Educator.","Occupation: Housewife, Bookkeeper.","Occupation: Farmer. Toano.","Bruton Heights School, Colonial Williamsburg and more.","Occupation: Physician at Eastern State Hospital.","Hotel Felix, Toano and more.","Occupation: Retired Clergyman and Museum Historical Teacher, Colonial Williamsburg Supervisor of Training. Williamsburg.","Occupation:  Physician.","Occupation: Waiter.","Occupation: Worked at Western Union, and William and Mary. Black History. Bruton High School.","Occupation:  Organist and Choir Director of Mt. Vernon Methodist Church.  Born in Lightfoot, lived in Toano.","Williamsburg. Crump's Hotel. Civil War. Black History.","Occupation: Cook for W\u0026M College Presidents, in charge of Officers' Club at Camp Peary.","Occupation:  Principal of Mathew Whaley.","Occupation: Home Owner. Lived in Toano.","Croaker.  Norge in the 1950's.  Lutheran Church.","Occupation:  Milk Distributor.  Family moved to JCC in  1905.  He was born on Neck-o-land Road.","Occupation:  Frazier-Graves Co., Inc., Men's Cothing Store on Duke of Gloucester Street.","Moved to Williamsburg in 1903.  General Williamsburg history and changes.","Father, Mr. Bennett, a faculty member at William and Mary and Superintendent of Williamsburg's Public Schools.  Born 1898.","Occupation:  Retired U.S. Postal Clerk. Lived in Norge. Norwegian Families.","Occupation: Math Teacher and Housewife. Family were farmers in Toano. Born 1898.","Early days in Williamsburg and James City County. Family from Williamsburg area for many generations. Jerusalem Baptist Church.","Attended William and Mary 1920-1923. Rector of Hickory Neck as a young man. Harrison Family. Carter's Grove.","Her youth in Williamsburg.","Moved to James City County in 1908. Old Academy School. Toano area.","Occupation:  Teacher at Diascund School. Born 1901 in James City County near New Kent County line.  Education.","Occupation:  Farmer.  Norge.  Moved to Hill Pleasant Farm in 1912 and to Norge in 1904.","Occupation: Mr. Jenson was a Rural Mail Carrier and his wife a housewife. Born 1890's. Lived in Norge. Norwegian Families.","Occupation:  Handyman.  Born1905. Toano. Chickahominy Road.","Moved to Williamsburg in 1906.  Childhood in Williamsburg.","Occupation:  Automobile Saleman. Norwegian Families.  Norge and Lightfoot.","Naval Weapons Station.  York County. Black History.","Grove. Naval Weapons Station.  Black History.  Civil War.","Occupation:  Teacher, Training Supervisor for Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, author and more. Williamsburg in 1950's.","Norwegian Families. Norway. Moved to Williamsburg area in early 1970's.","Lightfoot. Norge. Norwegian Families.","Occupation: Minister and School Teacher. Born in 1903. Arrived in James City County in 1925. Black History.","Toano. Born 1906.","Occupation:  Mathematician.  Father was Dean of William and Mary Law School. Born 1925.","Occupation:  Sweet Baker at Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.  Born 1903. Black History.","1940's and 1950's memories of Williamsburg.","Occupation: Baptist Minister. Moved to Williamsburg in 1952.","Grove. York County. Naval Weapons Station. Black History. Sacalis Family.","Moved to Williamsburg about 1925. Burns Lane.","Occupation: Teacher. Born about 1900. Barhamsville.","Occupation:  Museum Director, writer.  Born 1915.  Moved to Williamsburg in 1951.","Born 1893 in James City County. Carter's Grove. Booth Family.","Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Black History.","Williamsburg in 1920's and 1930's and later.","Moved to Williamsburg in 1943. James City County Bible and Agriculture Training School.","Barhamsville. New Kent. Born about 1900.","Occupation: Pastor. Born 1926. Camp Peary. Black History.","Occupation: Farmer. Born 1915 in James City County. Civil War. Toano. New Kent.","Occupation: Attorney. Born 1899 at Sherwood Forest\" New Kent County. Williamsburg in early 1900's.","Born 1919 in James City County. Carter's Grove. Lake Powell.","Born 1928. 18th Century.  Property ownership in James City County.","Waltrip Family. Born 1921 in Five Forks. James City County.","Occupation:  Housewife.  Grew up on Nicholson Street in Williamsburg.","Father went to William and Mary and was Professor/Chair of Chemistry Department.  Born in 1928.  Chandler Court.  Bruton Parish.","Dore Family. Peacock Hill.  Early 1900's.","Wife of Dr. Baxter Bell of Bell Hospital. Talks of Eastern State, Bell Hospital and more. Occupation: Nurse.","Born early 1900s.  Jamestown Island. Hickory Signpost Road. Black History.","Growing up in Williamsburg area.","Occupation:  Real Estate, Lumber. Born 1916 in James City County at Windsor Castle. Mayflower descendant of Francis Eaton.  Toano.  Forge Road. Burnt Ordinary.  Farming.","Born 1907. York Street.  Black History.","Family store in Toano. Schools in Toano and Williamsburg, and William and Mary.","Garrett Family, Father on faculty at William and Mary.  Born 1898.","Occupation:  Vice President of Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.  Born in 1911. Carter's Grove.  Grove.","Skipwith Farm.  Farming.  Longhill Road. Early 1900's.","Grove. York County.  Naval Weapons Station.  Black History.","Born about 1900.  Moved to James City County in 1920. Farming.","Occupation:  Teacher.  Moved to Williamsburg in 1918.  Born in 1910.","Family Occupation: Farmer.  Lived in Kingsmill area, Longhill Road and Camp Peary.","Occupation:  Food Purchasing Agent for Colonial Williamsburg.  Family lived in Williamsburg for many generations.","Occupation:  Owner of Kinnamon's Garage and Wrecker Service. Born 1913. Came to Williamsburg in 1919.","Transcript not located.","Born 1890.  Lived on Chickahominy Road, born in Fluvanna, Virginia.  Did farm work for Hankins family.","Williamsburg Female Institute. Born about 1900.","Occupation:  Teacher.  Toano.  Moved to James City County in 1920.","Norge. Norwegian families.","Occupation:  Barber. Born in Raleigh, North Carolina. Hotel near Williamsburg Inn.","Born 1908 in Williamsburg.  Norwegian Families. Wickre Street in Williamsburg.","Occupation:  Director Emeritus, Virginia Historical Society.  Born 1916 in Toano. Vaiden family.","Williamsburg.","Came to Williamsburg in 1918 with her first husband who was a stave (barrel) sawyer. Mr. Griesenauer was a Potter.","No transcript, but one cassette tape.","Published by the James City County Historical Commission. Edited by Nancy Smith Bradshaw. Acc. 1993.55."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","James City County Historical Commission","Belvin, Edward"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"famname_ssim":["James City County Historical Commission"],"persname_ssim":["Belvin, Edward"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":218,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T06:23:42.909Z","scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe James City County Oral History Collection holds two copies of transcripts and one corresponding cassette tapes of the Oral History Project directed by Robinette Fitzsimmon of the James City County Historical Commission. The collections includes interviews of residents of James City County, the City of Williamsburg, and York County, Virginia.  Topics range from education to farming to Eastern State Hospital.  Time periods covered begin with family memories from the Revolutionary War to the 1980's.  Many interviewees were born in late 1800's to early 1900's.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSwem Library did not receive all the cassette tapes or transcripts as listed on the JCC Historical Commission Accession system.  These interviews were either never done or not received by Swem Library's Special Collections Research Center.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAudiocassettes have been digitized and are available to listen in the reading room. At least 72 hours advanced notice required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComprehensive Subject Index, Alphabetical index by Participants and Numerical Index (Key Index) by Assigned Participant Numbers. The subject index lists the numbers assigned by the JCC Historical Commission. Use these numbers on the numerical index to find the person interviewed. You may also search alphabetically by participant. These indices are filed in the front of each box. Participants Index by Accession Number 84-001 Judge Robert T. Armistead 84-003 Ed Belvin 84-004 Alleyne Blayton 84-005 Virginia Vaiden Bowen 84-006 C. Hammond Branch 84-008 Mary E.Brown 84-009 Robert Lawrence Caldwell 84-011 Joseph Hammond Carlton 84-013 Richard Hughes Carter 84-014 Dr. Carlton Jerome Casey 84-015 Thomas Coleman 84-016 Phillip Cooke 84-017 Phillip Cooke 84-020 Ruth Cowles 84-021 Preston Crump 84-023 William Cumber 84-025 Caroline Dozier 84-029 Jean Etheridge 84-031 Ethel and Leonard Ford 84-033 Willard Gilley 84-034 Leonard Graves 84-035 Rose Gross 84-036 Gladys Guy 84-037 Frances Hamilton 84-038 Ruth Hankins 84-039 Clara Harris 84-040 Rev. Carter Harrison 84-041 Gracie Lillian Slater Hazelwood 84-042 Mabel Hazelwood 84-043 Edna Hockaday 84-046 Harold Hunt, Sr. 84-047 Mr. and Mrs. Willis Jenson 84-048 Sam T. Jones 84-049 Dr. Janet Kimbrough 84-051 Herman Kinde, Occupation: Automobile Saleman. Norwegian Families. Norge and Lightfoot. 84-052 Alexander Lee 84-053 Harris Lee, Sr. 84-054 Shirley Payne Low 84-060 Berit T. Mesarick 84-061 Doris Wildenburger and Pearl Miller 84-062 Rev. Junius Moody 84-063 Mildred Moody 84-066 Julia Oxrieder 84-068 Elizabeth Parrilla 84-070 Catherine Pippin 84-071 Rev. Thomas Pugh 84-072 Grace Radcliffe 84-073 Alma Ransone 84-074 Arline Richardson 84-077 Parke Rouse 84-078 Clara Russell 84-079 Hattie J. Sasser 84-081 Lettie Slauson and Lillian Sutton 84-083 O.M. Smith 84-086 Edward Stewart 84-087 Rev. James B. Tabb 84-090 Stewart Taylor 84-093 D. Gardiner Tyler 84-097 George Waltrip 84-100 Frances Murray White 84-102 Peggy Zuzma 84-104 Lydia Gardner 84-109 Francis Robb 84-111 Thelma Pederson 84-113 Imogene Bell 84-114 John Marcellos and Lawrence Rowe 84-117 George Farthing 84-118 David Ware 84-121 Samuel Nelson Parker 84-124 Betty Meanly Crenshaw 84-125 Carra Dillard 85-130 John Jennings 84-131 Mildred Layne 84-132 Maria Mapp 84-136 Knox Ratcliffe and Harold Radcliffe 84-137 Nannie Kay Ripley 84-139 Alice Tudor 84-141 R.B (Benny). Gilliam 84-142 Forrest Griffin 84-143 Wilton Kinnamon 84-144 A.C. \"Pete\" Hunt, Sr. 84-147 Charlie Fields 84-148 Mrs. Dewey Renick 84-149 Mrs. Louise Meanley 84-151 Herman Kinde 84-152 Louise Herring 84-156 Willard Epperson 84-157 Virgie Wickre Newton Walter Owens (no transcript), but 1 cassette tape dated 12/8/87 85-130 John Jennings 86-001 Doris Epps 86-002 Mrs. Paul Grisenauer Alphabetical List of Participants Judge Robert T. Armistead 84-001 Imogene Bell 84-113 Ed Belvin 84-003 Alleyne Blayton 84-004 Virginia Vaiden Bowen 84-005 C. Hammond Branch 84-006 Mary E.Brown 84-008 Robert Lawrence Caldwell 84-009 Joseph Hammond Carlton 84-011 Richard Hughes Carter 84-013 Dr. Carlton Jerome Casey 84-014 Thomas Coleman 84-015 Phillip Cooke 84-016, 84-107 Ruth Cowles 84-020 Betty Meanly Crenshaw 84-124 Preston Crump 84-021 William Cumber 84-023 Carra Dillard 84-125 Caroline Dozier 84-025 Willard Epperson 84-156 Doris Epps 86-001 Jean Etheridge 84-029 George Farthing 84-117 Charlie Fields 84-147 Ethel and Leonard Ford 84-031 Lydia Gardner 84-104 Willard Gilley 84-033 R.B (Benny). Gilliam 84-141 Leonard Graves 84-034 Forrest Griffin 84-142 Rose Gross 84-035 Mrs. Paul Grisenauer 86-002 Gladys Guy 84-036 Frances Hamilton 84-037 Ruth Hankins 84-038 Clara Harris 84-039 Rev. Carter Harrison 84-040 Gracie Lillian Slater Hazelwood 84-041 Mabel Hazelwood 84-042 Louise Herring 84-152 Edna Hockaday 84-043 A.C. \"Pete\" Hunt, Sr. 84-144 Harold Hunt, Sr. 84-046 John Jennings 85-130 Mr. and Mrs. Willis Jenson 84-047 Sam T. Jones 84-048 Dr. Janet Kimbrough 84-049 Herman Kinde 84-151 Wilton Kinnamon 84-143 Mildred Layne 84-131 Alexander Lee 84-052 Harris Lee, Sr. 84-053 Shirley Payne Low 84-054 Maria Mapp 84-132 Mrs. Louise Meanley 84-149 Berit T. Mesarick 84-060 Doris Wildenburger and Pearl Miller 84-061 Rev. Junius Moody 84-062 Mildred Moody 84-063 Virgie Wickre Newton 84-157 Walter Owens (no transcript), but 1 cassette tape dated 12/8/87 Julia Oxrieder 84-066 Samuel Nelson Parker 84-121 Elizabeth Parrilla 84-068 Thelma Pederson 84-111 Catherine Pippin 84-070 Rev. Thomas Pugh 84-071 Grace Radcliffe 84-072 Knox Ratcliffe and Harold Radcliffe 84-136 Alma Ransone 84-073 Mrs. Dewey Renick 84-148 Nannie Kay Ripley 84-137 Arline Richardson 84-074 Francis Robb 84-109 Parke Rouse 84-077 John Marcellos and Lawrence Rowe 84-114 Clara Russell 84-078 Hattie J. Sasser 84-079 Lettie Slauson and Lillian Sutton 84-081 O.M. Smith 84-083 Edward Stewart 84-086 Rev. James B. Tabb 84-087 Stewart Taylor 84-090 Alice Tudor 84-139 D. Gardiner Tyler 84-093 George Waltrip 84-097 David Ware 84-118 Frances Murray White 84-100 Peggy Zuzma 84-102   Subject Index A Archaelogy 001, 100 Architecture 013 Aviation 003 B Barhamsville047, 074, 090 Black/White relations 84-: 004, 013, 014, 016, 017, 023, 031, 035, 036, 038, 043, 047, 048, 049, 052, 053, 054, 061, 062, 063, 066, 068, 071, 072, 074, 077, 078, 079, 081, 083, 087, 097, 100, 102, 104, 109, 111, 113, 114, 118, 121, 125, 131, 132, 136, 137, 141, 142, 148, 151, 174, 86-001   Business, Barhamsville 074 Business, Centerville 132 Business, Croaker 031 Business, Diascund041, 043 Business, Five Forks 84-102 Business, Grove 052, 087, 131 Business, Lightfoot 061 Business, Norge 037, 047, 151 Business, Williamsburg 003, 008, 013, 014, 015, 016, 017, 021, 024, 034, 038, 040, 052, 053, 054, 073, 096, 066, 068, 077, 078, 097, 109, 111, 114, 117, 121, 131, 132, 142, 143, 156, 86-001, C Christmas 004, 014, 017, 020, 031, 033, 037, 041, 043, 047, 048, 049, 052, 054, 60, 061, 063, 068, 073, 074, 078, 087, 102, 114, 118, 132, 137, 148, 151, 174, Civil War 001, 006, 021, 033, 036, 038, 040, 043, 048, 053, 063, 072, 074, 078, 081, 083, 086, 100, 102, 111, 117, 118, 125, 130, 132, 136, 151, 174 Courts 001, 017, 052, 090, 093, 117, 130, 174 Crime 001, 021, 025, 021, 036, 052, 053, 063, 073, 097, 111, 132, 141, 142, 152, 148, 86-001 Croaker 017, 031, 038, 047, 117, 121, 130, 136, 137, 151, 86-001 D Depression 001, 003, 004, 006, 008, 009, 013, 014, 016, 017, 021, 029, 031, 033, 034, 036, 037, 041, 043, 046, 047, 048, 049, 052, 061, 062, 063, 066, 068, 072, 073, 074, 078, 081, 086, 090, 109, 111, 118, 121, 125, 130, 132, 137, 139, 142, 143, 148 Diascund 020, 041, 043 Disaster 031, 038, 041, 046, 048, 053, 063, 066, 074, 081, 083, 086, 097, 102, 104, 130, 139, 148 E Economy 006, 014, 017, 020, 021, 025, 033, 034, 035, 036, 038, 040, 041, 043, 048, 052, 053, 061, 062, 063, 066, 068, 072, 073, 074, 077, 078, 081, 086, 087, 090, 097, 102, 109, 114, 117, 118, 121, 125, 130, 131, 132, 136, 137, 139, 141, 142, 143, 148, 156, 174, 86-001 Education 001, 004, 005, 006, 008, 009, 011, 013, 014, 016, 017, 020, 021, 023, 029, 031, 033, 034, 035, 036, 037, 038, 040, 041, 043, 046, 047, 048, 049, 052, 053, 054, 060, 061, 062, 063, 068, 071, 072, 073, 074, 077, 078, 081, 083, 086, 087, 090, 093, 097, 102, 104, 109, 111, 114, 117, 118, 121, 125, 130, 131, 132, 136, 137, 139, 141, 142, 143, 148, 156, 174 Ewell 84-046 F Family Life 004, 005, 006, 008, 011, 013, 014, 016, 017, 020, 021, 023, 029, 031, 033, 034, 035, 036, 037, 038, 040, 041, 043, 046, 047, 048, 049, 052, 053, 054, 060, 061, 062, 063, 066, 068, 071, 072, 073, 074, 077, 078, 081, 083, 086, 087, 090, 093, 097, 102, 104, 109, 111, 114, 117, 118, 121, 125, 130, 131, 132, 136, 137, 139, 141, 142, 143, 148, 151, 156, 174, 86-001 Farming 001, 005, 006, 008, 009, 011, 013, 014, 020, 021, 025, 031, 033, 035, 038, 041, 043, 044, 047, 048, 052, 053, 060, 061, 062, 066, 068, 072, 073, 074, 078, 081, 083, 086, 087, 090, 097, 100, 102, 104, 109, 111, 114, 118, 130, 132, 136, 139, 142, 148, 151, 156, 174 Fishing 001, 031, 038, 043, 047, 048, 053, 078, 081, 083, 087, 090, 097, 102, 109, 114, 136 Five Forks 097, 100, 102, 114, 132, 151 G Government 001, 006, 009, 011, 013, 017, 033, 034, 046, 049, 052, 053, 054, 062, 072, 077, 090, 118, 139 Grove 001, 017, 035, 052, 053, 062, 072, 078, 087, 131, 136, 139, 156 Growth 001, 004, 005, 008, 009, 011, 013, 015, 016, 017, 020, 033, 034, 036, 041, 060, 062, 066, 071, 073, 077, 087, 097, 125, 130, 139, 141, 86-001 H Hunting 001, 020, 048, 083, 102, 109, 114, 130, 141, 142, 156 J James City County 013 Jamestown 001, 003, 005, 017, 020, 033, 034, 036, 040, 049, 054, 060, 078, 081, 083, 093, 097, 100, 102, 111, 114, 132, 139, 141 L Lanexa 011, 038, 043 Lightfoot 001, 020, 036, 046, 047, 061, 074, 109, 117, 132, 141, 142, 148, 151 Lumbering 005, 006, 020, 035, 038, 046, 048, 074, 102, 117, 130, 132, 143, 151 M Medicine 004, 006, 008, 009, 013, 014, 016, 020, 121, 029, 034, 038, 041, 043, 046, 048, 049, 052, 078, 083, 086, 087, 102, 104, 111, 113, 114, 125, 130, 132, 148 N Norge001, 006, 013, 020, 031, 034, 035, 036, 037, 046, 047, 061, 063, 097, 117, 139, 151, 86-001 R Recreation 001, 003, 004, 006, 008, 009, 011, 013, 014, 015, 016, 017, 020, 021, 023, 025, 029, 031, 033, 034, 035, 036, 041, 043, 046, 047, 049, 052, 053, 054, 060, 061, 062, 063, 066, 068, 073, 074, 077, 078, 081, 087, 090, 093, 097, 102, 104, 109, 111, 113, 114, 117, 121, 125, 130, 131, 132, 137, 139, 141, 142, 143, 148, 151, 156, 86-001 Religion 001, 004, 006, 009, 011, 013, 014, 017, 020, 021, 035, 038, 040, 041, 043, 046, 047, 048, 052, 053, 061, 062, 066, 071, 073, 074, 077, 079, 081, 083, 086, 087, 093, 102, 109, 111, 118, 121, 132, 137, 143, 151 Revolutionary War 001, 038, 040, 078, 081, 083, 100, 118, 125, 130, 139, 141, 151 S Shipping 005, 006, 043, 046, 048, 078, 081, 097, 100, 102, 114, 118, 141, 143, 156 Social Life 004, 034, 036, 037, 041, 109, 113 Superstitions004, 008, 013, 016, 017, 021, 038, 048, 049, 087, 090, 102, 111, 114, 130, 132 T Toano001, 005, 009, 021, 025, 031, 034, 036, 038, 040, 041, 043, 046, 047, 048, 061, 063, 074, 090, 109, 118, 130, 142, 148, 151, 86-001 Traditions 013, 017 Transportation 001, 003, 004, 006, 008, 009, 011, 014, 015, 017, 020, 021, 029, 031, 033, 034, 038, 040, 041, 043, 046, 047, 048, 049, 052, 053, 060, 061, 062, 063, 066, 068, 072, 073, 074, 077, 078, 081, 086, 087, 093, 097, 102, 109, 111, 114, 117, 118, 121, 125, 130, 131, 132, 136, 137, 139, 141, 142, 143, 148, 151, 156, 174, 86-001 W Williamsburg001, 003, 005, 008, 009, 013, 014, 015, 016, 017, 021, 023, 029, 034, 036, 040, 046, 049, 053, 054, 060, 061, 066, 073, 077, 078, 079, 090, 093, 104, 109, 111, 113, 117, 121, 125, 131, 132, 139, 142, 143, 156, 86-001 World War I 020, 021, 029, 038, 041, 046, 047, 048, 054, 061, 063, 072, 081, 086, 097, 100, 102, 104, 111, 118, 125, 139, 148, 151, 156, 157 World War II 001, 003, 009, 013, 017, 020, 023, 025, 029, 033, 035, 037, 038, 043, 046, 047, 052, 053, 060, 061, 063, 066, 081, 083, 087, 102, 109, 111, 117, 118, 121, 132, 141, 151\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEach folder includes a typed transcription of the cassette tape, often with a handwritten copy and/or changes made later by the interviewee. An index, with page numbers, of subjects covered in the interviews is included, plus a form with biographical information about the interviewee. There is a signed Release Form at the back of each folder. The transcriptions are filed in numerical order.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation: Judge. Regarding local government, courts, physical changes, tours, depression, education at Matthew Whaley, recreation, homes and law enforcement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation: Retired Educator.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation: Housewife, Bookkeeper.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation: Farmer. Toano.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBruton Heights School, Colonial Williamsburg and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation: Physician at Eastern State Hospital.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHotel Felix, Toano and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation: Retired Clergyman and Museum Historical Teacher, Colonial Williamsburg Supervisor of Training. Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Physician.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation: Waiter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation: Worked at Western Union, and William and Mary. Black History. Bruton High School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Organist and Choir Director of Mt. Vernon Methodist Church.  Born in Lightfoot, lived in Toano.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg. Crump's Hotel. Civil War. Black History.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation: Cook for W\u0026amp;M College Presidents, in charge of Officers' Club at Camp Peary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Principal of Mathew Whaley.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation: Home Owner. Lived in Toano.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCroaker.  Norge in the 1950's.  Lutheran Church.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Milk Distributor.  Family moved to JCC in  1905.  He was born on Neck-o-land Road.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Frazier-Graves Co., Inc., Men's Cothing Store on Duke of Gloucester Street.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMoved to Williamsburg in 1903.  General Williamsburg history and changes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFather, Mr. Bennett, a faculty member at William and Mary and Superintendent of Williamsburg's Public Schools.  Born 1898.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Retired U.S. Postal Clerk. Lived in Norge. Norwegian Families.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation: Math Teacher and Housewife. Family were farmers in Toano. Born 1898.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEarly days in Williamsburg and James City County. Family from Williamsburg area for many generations. Jerusalem Baptist Church.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAttended William and Mary 1920-1923. Rector of Hickory Neck as a young man. Harrison Family. Carter's Grove.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHer youth in Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMoved to James City County in 1908. Old Academy School. Toano area.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Teacher at Diascund School. Born 1901 in James City County near New Kent County line.  Education.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Farmer.  Norge.  Moved to Hill Pleasant Farm in 1912 and to Norge in 1904.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation: Mr. Jenson was a Rural Mail Carrier and his wife a housewife. Born 1890's. Lived in Norge. Norwegian Families.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Handyman.  Born1905. Toano. Chickahominy Road.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMoved to Williamsburg in 1906.  Childhood in Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Automobile Saleman. Norwegian Families.  Norge and Lightfoot.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNaval Weapons Station.  York County. Black History.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGrove. Naval Weapons Station.  Black History.  Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Teacher, Training Supervisor for Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, author and more. Williamsburg in 1950's.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNorwegian Families. Norway. Moved to Williamsburg area in early 1970's.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLightfoot. Norge. Norwegian Families.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation: Minister and School Teacher. Born in 1903. Arrived in James City County in 1925. Black History.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eToano. Born 1906.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Mathematician.  Father was Dean of William and Mary Law School. Born 1925.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Sweet Baker at Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.  Born 1903. Black History.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1940's and 1950's memories of Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation: Baptist Minister. Moved to Williamsburg in 1952.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGrove. York County. Naval Weapons Station. Black History. Sacalis Family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMoved to Williamsburg about 1925. Burns Lane.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation: Teacher. Born about 1900. Barhamsville.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Museum Director, writer.  Born 1915.  Moved to Williamsburg in 1951.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBorn 1893 in James City County. Carter's Grove. Booth Family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColonial Williamsburg Foundation. Black History.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg in 1920's and 1930's and later.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMoved to Williamsburg in 1943. James City County Bible and Agriculture Training School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBarhamsville. New Kent. Born about 1900.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation: Pastor. Born 1926. Camp Peary. Black History.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation: Farmer. Born 1915 in James City County. Civil War. Toano. New Kent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation: Attorney. Born 1899 at Sherwood Forest\" New Kent County. Williamsburg in early 1900's.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBorn 1919 in James City County. Carter's Grove. Lake Powell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBorn 1928. 18th Century.  Property ownership in James City County.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWaltrip Family. Born 1921 in Five Forks. James City County.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Housewife.  Grew up on Nicholson Street in Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFather went to William and Mary and was Professor/Chair of Chemistry Department.  Born in 1928.  Chandler Court.  Bruton Parish.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDore Family. Peacock Hill.  Early 1900's.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWife of Dr. Baxter Bell of Bell Hospital. Talks of Eastern State, Bell Hospital and more. Occupation: Nurse.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBorn early 1900s.  Jamestown Island. Hickory Signpost Road. Black History.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGrowing up in Williamsburg area.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Real Estate, Lumber. Born 1916 in James City County at Windsor Castle. Mayflower descendant of Francis Eaton.  Toano.  Forge Road. Burnt Ordinary.  Farming.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBorn 1907. York Street.  Black History.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily store in Toano. Schools in Toano and Williamsburg, and William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGarrett Family, Father on faculty at William and Mary.  Born 1898.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Vice President of Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.  Born in 1911. Carter's Grove.  Grove.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSkipwith Farm.  Farming.  Longhill Road. Early 1900's.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGrove. York County.  Naval Weapons Station.  Black History.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBorn about 1900.  Moved to James City County in 1920. Farming.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Teacher.  Moved to Williamsburg in 1918.  Born in 1910.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily Occupation: Farmer.  Lived in Kingsmill area, Longhill Road and Camp Peary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Food Purchasing Agent for Colonial Williamsburg.  Family lived in Williamsburg for many generations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Owner of Kinnamon's Garage and Wrecker Service. Born 1913. Came to Williamsburg in 1919.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTranscript not located.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBorn 1890.  Lived on Chickahominy Road, born in Fluvanna, Virginia.  Did farm work for Hankins family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg Female Institute. Born about 1900.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Teacher.  Toano.  Moved to James City County in 1920.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNorge. Norwegian families.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Barber. Born in Raleigh, North Carolina. Hotel near Williamsburg Inn.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBorn 1908 in Williamsburg.  Norwegian Families. Wickre Street in Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupation:  Director Emeritus, Virginia Historical Society.  Born 1916 in Toano. Vaiden family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCame to Williamsburg in 1918 with her first husband who was a stave (barrel) sawyer. Mr. Griesenauer was a Potter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNo transcript, but one cassette tape.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished by the James City County Historical Commission. Edited by Nancy Smith Bradshaw. Acc. 1993.55.\u003c/p\u003e"]}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8593_c03_c11"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9823","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Rosenwald School Oral History Project","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9823#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis oral history project accompanys and is used extensively for the \"A Better Life for Their Children: Julius Rosenwald, Booker T. Washington, and the 4,978 Schools that Changed America\" exhibit, which will be on display in the Virginia Museum of History \u0026amp; Culture from May 2024 until April 2025. The exhibit and the oral history project examine the legacy of Julius Rosenwald and Booker T. Washington co-creating schools in the American South to educate Black children otherwise exluded from the public school system due to segregation laws. The oral history project consists of interviews with former pupils of Rosenwald schools in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9823#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9823","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9823","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9823","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9823","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9823.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Rosenwald School Oral History Project","title_ssm":["Rosenwald School Oral History Project"],"title_tesim":["Rosenwald School Oral History Project"],"unitdate_ssm":["2023-2024"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["2023-2024"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS 00396","/repositories/2/resources/9823"],"text":["MS 00396","/repositories/2/resources/9823","Rosenwald School Oral History Project","African Americans--Education--Virginia","Segregation","African Americans--History","College of William and Mary--History","Jews, American","Rosenwald schools","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","This oral history project accompanys and is used extensively for the \"A Better Life for Their Children: Julius Rosenwald, Booker T. Washington, and the 4,978 Schools that Changed America\" exhibit, which will be on display in the Virginia Museum of History \u0026 Culture from May 2024 until April 2025. The exhibit and the oral history project examine the legacy of Julius Rosenwald and Booker T. Washington co-creating schools in the American South to educate Black children otherwise exluded from the public school system due to segregation laws. The oral history project consists of interviews with former pupils of Rosenwald schools in Virginia.","Nadine Armstrong attended the Westview Rosenwald School which is no longer standing. Her interview was conducted in the Dunbar school now being restored. Nadine Armstrong discusses her family background, her experience as a former pupil of a Rosenwald school and the efforts to restore the schools. Nadine Armstrong details the typical day and experiences attending a Rosenwald school during segregation.","Patricia Beach is a former pupil of the Cape Charles Elementary School, a former Rosenwald school. Patricia Beach describes her life and experiences living in Cape Charles during segregation. Patricia Beach details a typical day attending a former Rosenwald School.","Dianne Davis is a former pupil of the Cape Charles Elementary School, a former Rosenwald Schools. Dianne Davis recounts her time as a pupil attending Cape Charles Elementary School, a segregated school funded by Julius Rosenwald and created by Booker T. Washington. Dianne discusses the typical day attending a Rosenwald school and her hopes for the restoration of the school.","Mary Anne Fletcher is a former pupil of the Bena Hayes Rosenwald school in Bena, VA. Mary Anne Fletcher describes her experiences attending a former Rosenwald school, a typical day in the classroom and her family background. Mary Anne Fletcher discusses her experiences as a Rosenwald student and her hopes for the restored Woodville school.","Deloris Hicks is a former pupil of Campbell County and Evington Elementary Schools. Deloris Hicks describes a typical day attending a former Rosenwald school, her family background and community efforts to restore the Rosenwald schools in Virginia. Deloris Hicks recounts her time as a student attending a Rosenwald school during segregation in Virginia.","Frank James is a former pupil of the Campbell County Elementary School. Frank James describes his experiences attending a Virginia Rosenwald School during segregation. He discusses his family background, the typical day at a school and the community response to the school and the efforts to restore it. Frank James describes his experience attending a Rosenwald School in Virginia.","Geraldine Pettigrew is a former pupil of the Campbell County Elementary School, a former Rosenwald school. Geraldine Pettigrew recounts her experiences attending the Campbell County Elementary School in Rustberg Virginia during segregation. The Rosenwald School were created by Booker T. Washington and funded by Julius Rosenwald. Together they built over 4900 schools across the south to provide an education for black children. Geraldine Pettigrew describes what a typical day was like attending the former Rosenwald School and the community response, and also her thoughts on the future hopes for the site.","Marion Randall is a former pupil of the Bena Hayes School, a Rosenwald school. Marion Randall recalls her experiences attending the Bena Hayes (Rosenwald) school in Bena Virginia. The Rosenwald schools were funded by Julius Rosenwald and designed by Booker T. Washington. Together they created over 4900 schools across the south to aid in the education of Black people during segregation. Marion Randall discusses a typical day attending a Rosenwald school, her family background and the community response. She attended the Bena Hayes school but the school is not longer standing.","Michael Scales is a former pupil of the Pine Grove School. Michael describes his experiences living in Cumberland County, attending a Rosenwald school and the efforts to restore the building. Michael describes the typical day attending school during segregation.","Charles Williams is a former pupil of the Cape Charles Elementary School. Charles Williams describes his experiences attending a Rosenwald School. He discusses his family life and his life after leaving school and his hopes for the restored building. Charles Williams details the typical day and experiences attending the Cape Charles Elementary School and the high school in Matchipongo, VA.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS 00396","/repositories/2/resources/9823"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Rosenwald School Oral History Project"],"collection_title_tesim":["Rosenwald School Oral History Project"],"collection_ssim":["Rosenwald School Oral History Project"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans--Education--Virginia","Segregation","African Americans--History","College of William and Mary--History","Jews, American","Rosenwald schools"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans--Education--Virginia","Segregation","African Americans--History","College of William and Mary--History","Jews, American","Rosenwald schools"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3.55 Gigabytes"],"extent_tesim":["3.55 Gigabytes"],"date_range_isim":[2023,2024],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis oral history project accompanys and is used extensively for the \"A Better Life for Their Children: Julius Rosenwald, Booker T. Washington, and the 4,978 Schools that Changed America\" exhibit, which will be on display in the Virginia Museum of History \u0026amp; Culture from May 2024 until April 2025. The exhibit and the oral history project examine the legacy of Julius Rosenwald and Booker T. Washington co-creating schools in the American South to educate Black children otherwise exluded from the public school system due to segregation laws. The oral history project consists of interviews with former pupils of Rosenwald schools in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNadine Armstrong attended the Westview Rosenwald School which is no longer standing. Her interview was conducted in the Dunbar school now being restored. Nadine Armstrong discusses her family background, her experience as a former pupil of a Rosenwald school and the efforts to restore the schools. Nadine Armstrong details the typical day and experiences attending a Rosenwald school during segregation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePatricia Beach is a former pupil of the Cape Charles Elementary School, a former Rosenwald school. Patricia Beach describes her life and experiences living in Cape Charles during segregation. Patricia Beach details a typical day attending a former Rosenwald School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDianne Davis is a former pupil of the Cape Charles Elementary School, a former Rosenwald Schools. Dianne Davis recounts her time as a pupil attending Cape Charles Elementary School, a segregated school funded by Julius Rosenwald and created by Booker T. Washington. Dianne discusses the typical day attending a Rosenwald school and her hopes for the restoration of the school.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMary Anne Fletcher is a former pupil of the Bena Hayes Rosenwald school in Bena, VA. Mary Anne Fletcher describes her experiences attending a former Rosenwald school, a typical day in the classroom and her family background. Mary Anne Fletcher discusses her experiences as a Rosenwald student and her hopes for the restored Woodville school.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeloris Hicks is a former pupil of Campbell County and Evington Elementary Schools. Deloris Hicks describes a typical day attending a former Rosenwald school, her family background and community efforts to restore the Rosenwald schools in Virginia. Deloris Hicks recounts her time as a student attending a Rosenwald school during segregation in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank James is a former pupil of the Campbell County Elementary School. Frank James describes his experiences attending a Virginia Rosenwald School during segregation. He discusses his family background, the typical day at a school and the community response to the school and the efforts to restore it. Frank James describes his experience attending a Rosenwald School in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeraldine Pettigrew is a former pupil of the Campbell County Elementary School, a former Rosenwald school. Geraldine Pettigrew recounts her experiences attending the Campbell County Elementary School in Rustberg Virginia during segregation. The Rosenwald School were created by Booker T. Washington and funded by Julius Rosenwald. Together they built over 4900 schools across the south to provide an education for black children. Geraldine Pettigrew describes what a typical day was like attending the former Rosenwald School and the community response, and also her thoughts on the future hopes for the site.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarion Randall is a former pupil of the Bena Hayes School, a Rosenwald school. Marion Randall recalls her experiences attending the Bena Hayes (Rosenwald) school in Bena Virginia. The Rosenwald schools were funded by Julius Rosenwald and designed by Booker T. Washington. Together they created over 4900 schools across the south to aid in the education of Black people during segregation. Marion Randall discusses a typical day attending a Rosenwald school, her family background and the community response. She attended the Bena Hayes school but the school is not longer standing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMichael Scales is a former pupil of the Pine Grove School. Michael describes his experiences living in Cumberland County, attending a Rosenwald school and the efforts to restore the building. Michael describes the typical day attending school during segregation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCharles Williams is a former pupil of the Cape Charles Elementary School. Charles Williams describes his experiences attending a Rosenwald School. He discusses his family life and his life after leaving school and his hopes for the restored building. Charles Williams details the typical day and experiences attending the Cape Charles Elementary School and the high school in Matchipongo, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This oral history project accompanys and is used extensively for the \"A Better Life for Their Children: Julius Rosenwald, Booker T. Washington, and the 4,978 Schools that Changed America\" exhibit, which will be on display in the Virginia Museum of History \u0026 Culture from May 2024 until April 2025. The exhibit and the oral history project examine the legacy of Julius Rosenwald and Booker T. Washington co-creating schools in the American South to educate Black children otherwise exluded from the public school system due to segregation laws. The oral history project consists of interviews with former pupils of Rosenwald schools in Virginia.","Nadine Armstrong attended the Westview Rosenwald School which is no longer standing. Her interview was conducted in the Dunbar school now being restored. Nadine Armstrong discusses her family background, her experience as a former pupil of a Rosenwald school and the efforts to restore the schools. Nadine Armstrong details the typical day and experiences attending a Rosenwald school during segregation.","Patricia Beach is a former pupil of the Cape Charles Elementary School, a former Rosenwald school. Patricia Beach describes her life and experiences living in Cape Charles during segregation. Patricia Beach details a typical day attending a former Rosenwald School.","Dianne Davis is a former pupil of the Cape Charles Elementary School, a former Rosenwald Schools. Dianne Davis recounts her time as a pupil attending Cape Charles Elementary School, a segregated school funded by Julius Rosenwald and created by Booker T. Washington. Dianne discusses the typical day attending a Rosenwald school and her hopes for the restoration of the school.","Mary Anne Fletcher is a former pupil of the Bena Hayes Rosenwald school in Bena, VA. Mary Anne Fletcher describes her experiences attending a former Rosenwald school, a typical day in the classroom and her family background. Mary Anne Fletcher discusses her experiences as a Rosenwald student and her hopes for the restored Woodville school.","Deloris Hicks is a former pupil of Campbell County and Evington Elementary Schools. Deloris Hicks describes a typical day attending a former Rosenwald school, her family background and community efforts to restore the Rosenwald schools in Virginia. Deloris Hicks recounts her time as a student attending a Rosenwald school during segregation in Virginia.","Frank James is a former pupil of the Campbell County Elementary School. Frank James describes his experiences attending a Virginia Rosenwald School during segregation. He discusses his family background, the typical day at a school and the community response to the school and the efforts to restore it. Frank James describes his experience attending a Rosenwald School in Virginia.","Geraldine Pettigrew is a former pupil of the Campbell County Elementary School, a former Rosenwald school. Geraldine Pettigrew recounts her experiences attending the Campbell County Elementary School in Rustberg Virginia during segregation. The Rosenwald School were created by Booker T. Washington and funded by Julius Rosenwald. Together they built over 4900 schools across the south to provide an education for black children. Geraldine Pettigrew describes what a typical day was like attending the former Rosenwald School and the community response, and also her thoughts on the future hopes for the site.","Marion Randall is a former pupil of the Bena Hayes School, a Rosenwald school. Marion Randall recalls her experiences attending the Bena Hayes (Rosenwald) school in Bena Virginia. The Rosenwald schools were funded by Julius Rosenwald and designed by Booker T. Washington. Together they created over 4900 schools across the south to aid in the education of Black people during segregation. Marion Randall discusses a typical day attending a Rosenwald school, her family background and the community response. She attended the Bena Hayes school but the school is not longer standing.","Michael Scales is a former pupil of the Pine Grove School. Michael describes his experiences living in Cumberland County, attending a Rosenwald school and the efforts to restore the building. Michael describes the typical day attending school during segregation.","Charles Williams is a former pupil of the Cape Charles Elementary School. Charles Williams describes his experiences attending a Rosenwald School. He discusses his family life and his life after leaving school and his hopes for the restored building. Charles Williams details the typical day and experiences attending the Cape Charles Elementary School and the high school in Matchipongo, VA."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":30,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T22:47:02.013Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9823","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9823","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9823","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9823","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9823.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Rosenwald School Oral History Project","title_ssm":["Rosenwald School Oral History Project"],"title_tesim":["Rosenwald School Oral History Project"],"unitdate_ssm":["2023-2024"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["2023-2024"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS 00396","/repositories/2/resources/9823"],"text":["MS 00396","/repositories/2/resources/9823","Rosenwald School Oral History Project","African Americans--Education--Virginia","Segregation","African Americans--History","College of William and Mary--History","Jews, American","Rosenwald schools","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","This oral history project accompanys and is used extensively for the \"A Better Life for Their Children: Julius Rosenwald, Booker T. Washington, and the 4,978 Schools that Changed America\" exhibit, which will be on display in the Virginia Museum of History \u0026 Culture from May 2024 until April 2025. The exhibit and the oral history project examine the legacy of Julius Rosenwald and Booker T. Washington co-creating schools in the American South to educate Black children otherwise exluded from the public school system due to segregation laws. The oral history project consists of interviews with former pupils of Rosenwald schools in Virginia.","Nadine Armstrong attended the Westview Rosenwald School which is no longer standing. Her interview was conducted in the Dunbar school now being restored. Nadine Armstrong discusses her family background, her experience as a former pupil of a Rosenwald school and the efforts to restore the schools. Nadine Armstrong details the typical day and experiences attending a Rosenwald school during segregation.","Patricia Beach is a former pupil of the Cape Charles Elementary School, a former Rosenwald school. Patricia Beach describes her life and experiences living in Cape Charles during segregation. Patricia Beach details a typical day attending a former Rosenwald School.","Dianne Davis is a former pupil of the Cape Charles Elementary School, a former Rosenwald Schools. Dianne Davis recounts her time as a pupil attending Cape Charles Elementary School, a segregated school funded by Julius Rosenwald and created by Booker T. Washington. Dianne discusses the typical day attending a Rosenwald school and her hopes for the restoration of the school.","Mary Anne Fletcher is a former pupil of the Bena Hayes Rosenwald school in Bena, VA. Mary Anne Fletcher describes her experiences attending a former Rosenwald school, a typical day in the classroom and her family background. Mary Anne Fletcher discusses her experiences as a Rosenwald student and her hopes for the restored Woodville school.","Deloris Hicks is a former pupil of Campbell County and Evington Elementary Schools. Deloris Hicks describes a typical day attending a former Rosenwald school, her family background and community efforts to restore the Rosenwald schools in Virginia. Deloris Hicks recounts her time as a student attending a Rosenwald school during segregation in Virginia.","Frank James is a former pupil of the Campbell County Elementary School. Frank James describes his experiences attending a Virginia Rosenwald School during segregation. He discusses his family background, the typical day at a school and the community response to the school and the efforts to restore it. Frank James describes his experience attending a Rosenwald School in Virginia.","Geraldine Pettigrew is a former pupil of the Campbell County Elementary School, a former Rosenwald school. Geraldine Pettigrew recounts her experiences attending the Campbell County Elementary School in Rustberg Virginia during segregation. The Rosenwald School were created by Booker T. Washington and funded by Julius Rosenwald. Together they built over 4900 schools across the south to provide an education for black children. Geraldine Pettigrew describes what a typical day was like attending the former Rosenwald School and the community response, and also her thoughts on the future hopes for the site.","Marion Randall is a former pupil of the Bena Hayes School, a Rosenwald school. Marion Randall recalls her experiences attending the Bena Hayes (Rosenwald) school in Bena Virginia. The Rosenwald schools were funded by Julius Rosenwald and designed by Booker T. Washington. Together they created over 4900 schools across the south to aid in the education of Black people during segregation. Marion Randall discusses a typical day attending a Rosenwald school, her family background and the community response. She attended the Bena Hayes school but the school is not longer standing.","Michael Scales is a former pupil of the Pine Grove School. Michael describes his experiences living in Cumberland County, attending a Rosenwald school and the efforts to restore the building. Michael describes the typical day attending school during segregation.","Charles Williams is a former pupil of the Cape Charles Elementary School. Charles Williams describes his experiences attending a Rosenwald School. He discusses his family life and his life after leaving school and his hopes for the restored building. Charles Williams details the typical day and experiences attending the Cape Charles Elementary School and the high school in Matchipongo, VA.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS 00396","/repositories/2/resources/9823"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Rosenwald School Oral History Project"],"collection_title_tesim":["Rosenwald School Oral History Project"],"collection_ssim":["Rosenwald School Oral History Project"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans--Education--Virginia","Segregation","African Americans--History","College of William and Mary--History","Jews, American","Rosenwald schools"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans--Education--Virginia","Segregation","African Americans--History","College of William and Mary--History","Jews, American","Rosenwald schools"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3.55 Gigabytes"],"extent_tesim":["3.55 Gigabytes"],"date_range_isim":[2023,2024],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis oral history project accompanys and is used extensively for the \"A Better Life for Their Children: Julius Rosenwald, Booker T. Washington, and the 4,978 Schools that Changed America\" exhibit, which will be on display in the Virginia Museum of History \u0026amp; Culture from May 2024 until April 2025. The exhibit and the oral history project examine the legacy of Julius Rosenwald and Booker T. Washington co-creating schools in the American South to educate Black children otherwise exluded from the public school system due to segregation laws. The oral history project consists of interviews with former pupils of Rosenwald schools in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNadine Armstrong attended the Westview Rosenwald School which is no longer standing. Her interview was conducted in the Dunbar school now being restored. Nadine Armstrong discusses her family background, her experience as a former pupil of a Rosenwald school and the efforts to restore the schools. Nadine Armstrong details the typical day and experiences attending a Rosenwald school during segregation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePatricia Beach is a former pupil of the Cape Charles Elementary School, a former Rosenwald school. Patricia Beach describes her life and experiences living in Cape Charles during segregation. Patricia Beach details a typical day attending a former Rosenwald School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDianne Davis is a former pupil of the Cape Charles Elementary School, a former Rosenwald Schools. Dianne Davis recounts her time as a pupil attending Cape Charles Elementary School, a segregated school funded by Julius Rosenwald and created by Booker T. Washington. Dianne discusses the typical day attending a Rosenwald school and her hopes for the restoration of the school.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMary Anne Fletcher is a former pupil of the Bena Hayes Rosenwald school in Bena, VA. Mary Anne Fletcher describes her experiences attending a former Rosenwald school, a typical day in the classroom and her family background. Mary Anne Fletcher discusses her experiences as a Rosenwald student and her hopes for the restored Woodville school.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeloris Hicks is a former pupil of Campbell County and Evington Elementary Schools. Deloris Hicks describes a typical day attending a former Rosenwald school, her family background and community efforts to restore the Rosenwald schools in Virginia. Deloris Hicks recounts her time as a student attending a Rosenwald school during segregation in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank James is a former pupil of the Campbell County Elementary School. Frank James describes his experiences attending a Virginia Rosenwald School during segregation. He discusses his family background, the typical day at a school and the community response to the school and the efforts to restore it. Frank James describes his experience attending a Rosenwald School in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeraldine Pettigrew is a former pupil of the Campbell County Elementary School, a former Rosenwald school. Geraldine Pettigrew recounts her experiences attending the Campbell County Elementary School in Rustberg Virginia during segregation. The Rosenwald School were created by Booker T. Washington and funded by Julius Rosenwald. Together they built over 4900 schools across the south to provide an education for black children. Geraldine Pettigrew describes what a typical day was like attending the former Rosenwald School and the community response, and also her thoughts on the future hopes for the site.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarion Randall is a former pupil of the Bena Hayes School, a Rosenwald school. Marion Randall recalls her experiences attending the Bena Hayes (Rosenwald) school in Bena Virginia. The Rosenwald schools were funded by Julius Rosenwald and designed by Booker T. Washington. Together they created over 4900 schools across the south to aid in the education of Black people during segregation. Marion Randall discusses a typical day attending a Rosenwald school, her family background and the community response. She attended the Bena Hayes school but the school is not longer standing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMichael Scales is a former pupil of the Pine Grove School. Michael describes his experiences living in Cumberland County, attending a Rosenwald school and the efforts to restore the building. Michael describes the typical day attending school during segregation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCharles Williams is a former pupil of the Cape Charles Elementary School. Charles Williams describes his experiences attending a Rosenwald School. He discusses his family life and his life after leaving school and his hopes for the restored building. Charles Williams details the typical day and experiences attending the Cape Charles Elementary School and the high school in Matchipongo, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This oral history project accompanys and is used extensively for the \"A Better Life for Their Children: Julius Rosenwald, Booker T. Washington, and the 4,978 Schools that Changed America\" exhibit, which will be on display in the Virginia Museum of History \u0026 Culture from May 2024 until April 2025. The exhibit and the oral history project examine the legacy of Julius Rosenwald and Booker T. Washington co-creating schools in the American South to educate Black children otherwise exluded from the public school system due to segregation laws. The oral history project consists of interviews with former pupils of Rosenwald schools in Virginia.","Nadine Armstrong attended the Westview Rosenwald School which is no longer standing. Her interview was conducted in the Dunbar school now being restored. Nadine Armstrong discusses her family background, her experience as a former pupil of a Rosenwald school and the efforts to restore the schools. Nadine Armstrong details the typical day and experiences attending a Rosenwald school during segregation.","Patricia Beach is a former pupil of the Cape Charles Elementary School, a former Rosenwald school. Patricia Beach describes her life and experiences living in Cape Charles during segregation. Patricia Beach details a typical day attending a former Rosenwald School.","Dianne Davis is a former pupil of the Cape Charles Elementary School, a former Rosenwald Schools. Dianne Davis recounts her time as a pupil attending Cape Charles Elementary School, a segregated school funded by Julius Rosenwald and created by Booker T. Washington. Dianne discusses the typical day attending a Rosenwald school and her hopes for the restoration of the school.","Mary Anne Fletcher is a former pupil of the Bena Hayes Rosenwald school in Bena, VA. Mary Anne Fletcher describes her experiences attending a former Rosenwald school, a typical day in the classroom and her family background. Mary Anne Fletcher discusses her experiences as a Rosenwald student and her hopes for the restored Woodville school.","Deloris Hicks is a former pupil of Campbell County and Evington Elementary Schools. Deloris Hicks describes a typical day attending a former Rosenwald school, her family background and community efforts to restore the Rosenwald schools in Virginia. Deloris Hicks recounts her time as a student attending a Rosenwald school during segregation in Virginia.","Frank James is a former pupil of the Campbell County Elementary School. Frank James describes his experiences attending a Virginia Rosenwald School during segregation. He discusses his family background, the typical day at a school and the community response to the school and the efforts to restore it. Frank James describes his experience attending a Rosenwald School in Virginia.","Geraldine Pettigrew is a former pupil of the Campbell County Elementary School, a former Rosenwald school. Geraldine Pettigrew recounts her experiences attending the Campbell County Elementary School in Rustberg Virginia during segregation. The Rosenwald School were created by Booker T. Washington and funded by Julius Rosenwald. Together they built over 4900 schools across the south to provide an education for black children. Geraldine Pettigrew describes what a typical day was like attending the former Rosenwald School and the community response, and also her thoughts on the future hopes for the site.","Marion Randall is a former pupil of the Bena Hayes School, a Rosenwald school. Marion Randall recalls her experiences attending the Bena Hayes (Rosenwald) school in Bena Virginia. The Rosenwald schools were funded by Julius Rosenwald and designed by Booker T. Washington. Together they created over 4900 schools across the south to aid in the education of Black people during segregation. Marion Randall discusses a typical day attending a Rosenwald school, her family background and the community response. She attended the Bena Hayes school but the school is not longer standing.","Michael Scales is a former pupil of the Pine Grove School. Michael describes his experiences living in Cumberland County, attending a Rosenwald school and the efforts to restore the building. Michael describes the typical day attending school during segregation.","Charles Williams is a former pupil of the Cape Charles Elementary School. Charles Williams describes his experiences attending a Rosenwald School. He discusses his family life and his life after leaving school and his hopes for the restored building. Charles Williams details the typical day and experiences attending the Cape Charles Elementary School and the high school in Matchipongo, VA."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":30,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T22:47:02.013Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9823"}},{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_419","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Stonewall Jackson Correspondence","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_419#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Campbell, J. L. (John Lyle)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_419#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains three letters. One, dated March 7, 1863 written in Caroline County, Va. to Col. Boteler gives Jackson's theories of recommending soldiers for promotion. A second, which is dated Mar. 11, 1854 from Lexington, Va. to E.H.J. McCampbell, concerns Jackson resigning from the Franklin Society and Library Company of Lexington. The third letter, dated June 7, 1858, to Prof. J.L. Campbell describes the operation of the Lexington Colored Sabbath School.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_419#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_419","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_419","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_419","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_419","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WLU/repositories_5_resources_419.xml","title_ssm":["Stonewall Jackson Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Stonewall Jackson Correspondence"],"unitdate_ssm":["Inclusive 1854-1863"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Inclusive 1854-1863"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["WLU.Coll.0041","/repositories/5/resources/419"],"text":["WLU.Coll.0041","/repositories/5/resources/419","Stonewall Jackson Correspondence","Virginia -- Caroline County","Virginia -- Lexington","Correspondence","Armies","Segregation","The letter dated June 7, 1858 is a photocopy.  The original is owned by Mrs. Henry Donald Campbell.","This collection contains three letters. One, dated March 7, 1863 written in Caroline County, Va. to Col. Boteler gives Jackson's theories of recommending soldiers for promotion. A second, which is dated Mar. 11, 1854 from Lexington, Va. to E.H.J. McCampbell, concerns Jackson resigning from the Franklin Society and Library Company of Lexington.  The third letter, dated June 7, 1858, to Prof. J.L. Campbell describes the operation of the Lexington Colored Sabbath School.","The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.","Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Franklin Society and Library Company of Lexington (Lexington, Va.)","Lexington Presbyterian Church (Lexington, Va.)","Lexington Colored Sabbath School (Lexington, Va.)","Campbell, J. L. (John Lyle)","Boteler, Alexander Robinson","Campbell, Henry Donald, Mrs.","Lupton, Andrew","McCampbell, E. H. J.","Jackson, Thomas Jonathan (Stonewall)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["WLU.Coll.0041","/repositories/5/resources/419"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Stonewall Jackson Correspondence"],"collection_title_tesim":["Stonewall Jackson Correspondence"],"collection_ssim":["Stonewall Jackson Correspondence"],"repository_ssm":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia -- Caroline County","Virginia -- Lexington"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia -- Caroline County","Virginia -- Lexington"],"creator_ssm":["Campbell, J. L. (John Lyle)","Boteler, Alexander Robinson","Campbell, Henry Donald, Mrs.","Lupton, Andrew","McCampbell, E. H. J."],"creator_ssim":["Campbell, J. L. (John Lyle)","Boteler, Alexander Robinson","Campbell, Henry Donald, Mrs.","Lupton, Andrew","McCampbell, E. H. J."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Campbell, J. L. (John Lyle)","Boteler, Alexander Robinson","Campbell, Henry Donald, Mrs.","Lupton, Andrew","McCampbell, E. H. J."],"creators_ssim":["Campbell, J. L. (John Lyle)","Boteler, Alexander Robinson","Campbell, Henry Donald, Mrs.","Lupton, Andrew","McCampbell, E. H. J."],"places_ssim":["Virginia -- Caroline County","Virginia -- Lexington"],"access_terms_ssm":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Letter dated March 7, 1863 is a gift from Andrew Lupton, 196-?. Letter dated March 11, 1854 and the photocopied letter dated June 7, 1858 are gifts from Mrs. Henry Donald Campbell."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Correspondence","Armies","Segregation"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Correspondence","Armies","Segregation"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3 Item"],"extent_tesim":["3 Item"],"date_range_isim":[1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe letter dated June 7, 1858 is a photocopy.  The original is owned by Mrs. Henry Donald Campbell.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["The letter dated June 7, 1858 is a photocopy.  The original is owned by Mrs. Henry Donald Campbell."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePreferred citation: [Identification of item], Stonewall Jackson Correspondence, WLU Coll. 0041, Special Collections and Archives, James G. Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA\u003cp\u003eIn some cases the citation format may vary. Please contact Special Collections' staff to verify the appropriate format.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Preferred citation: [Identification of item], Stonewall Jackson Correspondence, WLU Coll. 0041, Special Collections and Archives, James G. Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA In some cases the citation format may vary. Please contact Special Collections' staff to verify the appropriate format."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains three letters. One, dated March 7, 1863 written in Caroline County, Va. to Col. Boteler gives Jackson's theories of recommending soldiers for promotion. A second, which is dated Mar. 11, 1854 from Lexington, Va. to E.H.J. McCampbell, concerns Jackson resigning from the Franklin Society and Library Company of Lexington.  The third letter, dated June 7, 1858, to Prof. J.L. Campbell describes the operation of the Lexington Colored Sabbath School.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains three letters. One, dated March 7, 1863 written in Caroline County, Va. to Col. Boteler gives Jackson's theories of recommending soldiers for promotion. A second, which is dated Mar. 11, 1854 from Lexington, Va. to E.H.J. McCampbell, concerns Jackson resigning from the Franklin Society and Library Company of Lexington.  The third letter, dated June 7, 1858, to Prof. J.L. Campbell describes the operation of the Lexington Colored Sabbath School."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"names_coll_ssim":["Franklin Society and Library Company of Lexington (Lexington, Va.)","Lexington Presbyterian Church (Lexington, Va.)","Lexington Colored Sabbath School (Lexington, Va.)","Jackson, Thomas Jonathan (Stonewall)","McCampbell, E. H. J.","Campbell, Henry Donald, Mrs.","Lupton, Andrew"],"names_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Franklin Society and Library Company of Lexington (Lexington, Va.)","Lexington Presbyterian Church (Lexington, Va.)","Lexington Colored Sabbath School (Lexington, Va.)","Campbell, J. L. (John Lyle)","Boteler, Alexander Robinson","Campbell, Henry Donald, Mrs.","Lupton, Andrew","McCampbell, E. H. J.","Jackson, Thomas Jonathan (Stonewall)"],"corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Franklin Society and Library Company of Lexington (Lexington, Va.)","Lexington Presbyterian Church (Lexington, Va.)","Lexington Colored Sabbath School (Lexington, Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Campbell, J. L. (John Lyle)","Boteler, Alexander Robinson","Campbell, Henry Donald, Mrs.","Lupton, Andrew","McCampbell, E. H. J.","Jackson, Thomas Jonathan (Stonewall)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T21:20:01.689Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_419","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_419","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_419","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_419","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WLU/repositories_5_resources_419.xml","title_ssm":["Stonewall Jackson Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Stonewall Jackson Correspondence"],"unitdate_ssm":["Inclusive 1854-1863"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Inclusive 1854-1863"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["WLU.Coll.0041","/repositories/5/resources/419"],"text":["WLU.Coll.0041","/repositories/5/resources/419","Stonewall Jackson Correspondence","Virginia -- Caroline County","Virginia -- Lexington","Correspondence","Armies","Segregation","The letter dated June 7, 1858 is a photocopy.  The original is owned by Mrs. Henry Donald Campbell.","This collection contains three letters. One, dated March 7, 1863 written in Caroline County, Va. to Col. Boteler gives Jackson's theories of recommending soldiers for promotion. A second, which is dated Mar. 11, 1854 from Lexington, Va. to E.H.J. McCampbell, concerns Jackson resigning from the Franklin Society and Library Company of Lexington.  The third letter, dated June 7, 1858, to Prof. J.L. Campbell describes the operation of the Lexington Colored Sabbath School.","The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.","Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Franklin Society and Library Company of Lexington (Lexington, Va.)","Lexington Presbyterian Church (Lexington, Va.)","Lexington Colored Sabbath School (Lexington, Va.)","Campbell, J. L. (John Lyle)","Boteler, Alexander Robinson","Campbell, Henry Donald, Mrs.","Lupton, Andrew","McCampbell, E. H. J.","Jackson, Thomas Jonathan (Stonewall)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["WLU.Coll.0041","/repositories/5/resources/419"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Stonewall Jackson Correspondence"],"collection_title_tesim":["Stonewall Jackson Correspondence"],"collection_ssim":["Stonewall Jackson Correspondence"],"repository_ssm":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia -- Caroline County","Virginia -- Lexington"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia -- Caroline County","Virginia -- Lexington"],"creator_ssm":["Campbell, J. L. (John Lyle)","Boteler, Alexander Robinson","Campbell, Henry Donald, Mrs.","Lupton, Andrew","McCampbell, E. H. J."],"creator_ssim":["Campbell, J. L. (John Lyle)","Boteler, Alexander Robinson","Campbell, Henry Donald, Mrs.","Lupton, Andrew","McCampbell, E. H. J."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Campbell, J. L. (John Lyle)","Boteler, Alexander Robinson","Campbell, Henry Donald, Mrs.","Lupton, Andrew","McCampbell, E. H. J."],"creators_ssim":["Campbell, J. L. (John Lyle)","Boteler, Alexander Robinson","Campbell, Henry Donald, Mrs.","Lupton, Andrew","McCampbell, E. H. J."],"places_ssim":["Virginia -- Caroline County","Virginia -- Lexington"],"access_terms_ssm":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Letter dated March 7, 1863 is a gift from Andrew Lupton, 196-?. Letter dated March 11, 1854 and the photocopied letter dated June 7, 1858 are gifts from Mrs. Henry Donald Campbell."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Correspondence","Armies","Segregation"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Correspondence","Armies","Segregation"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3 Item"],"extent_tesim":["3 Item"],"date_range_isim":[1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe letter dated June 7, 1858 is a photocopy.  The original is owned by Mrs. Henry Donald Campbell.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["The letter dated June 7, 1858 is a photocopy.  The original is owned by Mrs. Henry Donald Campbell."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePreferred citation: [Identification of item], Stonewall Jackson Correspondence, WLU Coll. 0041, Special Collections and Archives, James G. Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA\u003cp\u003eIn some cases the citation format may vary. Please contact Special Collections' staff to verify the appropriate format.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Preferred citation: [Identification of item], Stonewall Jackson Correspondence, WLU Coll. 0041, Special Collections and Archives, James G. Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA In some cases the citation format may vary. Please contact Special Collections' staff to verify the appropriate format."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains three letters. One, dated March 7, 1863 written in Caroline County, Va. to Col. Boteler gives Jackson's theories of recommending soldiers for promotion. A second, which is dated Mar. 11, 1854 from Lexington, Va. to E.H.J. McCampbell, concerns Jackson resigning from the Franklin Society and Library Company of Lexington.  The third letter, dated June 7, 1858, to Prof. J.L. Campbell describes the operation of the Lexington Colored Sabbath School.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains three letters. One, dated March 7, 1863 written in Caroline County, Va. to Col. Boteler gives Jackson's theories of recommending soldiers for promotion. A second, which is dated Mar. 11, 1854 from Lexington, Va. to E.H.J. McCampbell, concerns Jackson resigning from the Franklin Society and Library Company of Lexington.  The third letter, dated June 7, 1858, to Prof. J.L. Campbell describes the operation of the Lexington Colored Sabbath School."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"names_coll_ssim":["Franklin Society and Library Company of Lexington (Lexington, Va.)","Lexington Presbyterian Church (Lexington, Va.)","Lexington Colored Sabbath School (Lexington, Va.)","Jackson, Thomas Jonathan (Stonewall)","McCampbell, E. H. J.","Campbell, Henry Donald, Mrs.","Lupton, Andrew"],"names_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Franklin Society and Library Company of Lexington (Lexington, Va.)","Lexington Presbyterian Church (Lexington, Va.)","Lexington Colored Sabbath School (Lexington, Va.)","Campbell, J. L. (John Lyle)","Boteler, Alexander Robinson","Campbell, Henry Donald, Mrs.","Lupton, Andrew","McCampbell, E. H. J.","Jackson, Thomas Jonathan (Stonewall)"],"corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Franklin Society and Library Company of Lexington (Lexington, Va.)","Lexington Presbyterian Church (Lexington, Va.)","Lexington Colored Sabbath School (Lexington, Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Campbell, J. L. (John Lyle)","Boteler, Alexander Robinson","Campbell, Henry Donald, Mrs.","Lupton, Andrew","McCampbell, E. H. J.","Jackson, Thomas Jonathan (Stonewall)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T21:20:01.689Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_419"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"College of William and Mary","value":"College of William and Mary","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=College+of+William+and+Mary"}},{"attributes":{"label":"University of Richmond","value":"University of Richmond","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=University+of+Richmond"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library","value":"Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Washington+and+Lee+University%2C+Leyburn+Library"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection","value":"Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Dr.+and+Mrs.+Wyatt+Tee+Walker+collection"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Howard Emmons Morgan, Jr. Letters","value":"Howard Emmons Morgan, Jr. Letters","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Howard+Emmons+Morgan%2C+Jr.+Letters"}},{"attributes":{"label":"James City County Oral History Collection","value":"James City County Oral History Collection","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=James+City+County+Oral+History+Collection"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Marian Anderson concert advertisement","value":"Marian Anderson concert advertisement","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Marian+Anderson+concert+advertisement"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Rosenwald School Oral History Project","value":"Rosenwald School Oral History Project","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Rosenwald+School+Oral+History+Project"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Stonewall Jackson Correspondence","value":"Stonewall Jackson Correspondence","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Stonewall+Jackson+Correspondence"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/collection_ssim.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation"}},{"type":"facet","id":"date_range_isim","attributes":{"label":"Date range","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"1854","value":"1854","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1854"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1855","value":"1855","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1855"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1856","value":"1856","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1856"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1857","value":"1857","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1857"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1858","value":"1858","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1858"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1859","value":"1859","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1859"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1860","value":"1860","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1860"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1861","value":"1861","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1861"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1862","value":"1862","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1862"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1863","value":"1863","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1863"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1943","value":"1943","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1943"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/date_range_isim.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation"}},{"type":"facet","id":"creator_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Creator","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","value":"Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Alabama+Christian+Movement+for+Human+Rights"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","value":"Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Alpha+Phi+Alpha+Fraternity"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Boteler, Alexander Robinson","value":"Boteler, Alexander Robinson","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Boteler%2C+Alexander+Robinson"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Campbell, Henry Donald, Mrs.","value":"Campbell, Henry Donald, Mrs.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Campbell%2C+Henry+Donald%2C+Mrs."}},{"attributes":{"label":"Campbell, J. L. (John Lyle)","value":"Campbell, J. L. (John Lyle)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Campbell%2C+J.+L.+%28John+Lyle%29"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Congress of Racial Equality","value":"Congress of Racial Equality","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Congress+of+Racial+Equality"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","value":"Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Highlander+Research+and+Education+Center+%28Knoxville%2C+Tenn.%29"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","value":"Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Hughes%2C+Langston%2C+1902-1967"}},{"attributes":{"label":"King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","value":"King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=King%2C+Martin+Luther%2C+Jr.%2C+1929-1968"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Leadership Conference on Civil Rights","value":"Leadership Conference on Civil Rights","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Leadership+Conference+on+Civil+Rights"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Lupton, Andrew","value":"Lupton, Andrew","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Lupton%2C+Andrew"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/creator_ssim.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation"}},{"type":"facet","id":"names_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Names","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","value":"Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Abernathy%2C+Ralph%2C+1926-1990"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","value":"Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Alabama+Christian+Movement+for+Human+Rights"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","value":"Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Alpha+Phi+Alpha+Fraternity"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987","value":"Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Barnett%2C+Ross+R.+%28Ross+Robert%29%2C+1898-1987"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Boteler, Alexander Robinson","value":"Boteler, Alexander Robinson","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Boteler%2C+Alexander+Robinson"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Campbell, Henry Donald, Mrs.","value":"Campbell, Henry Donald, Mrs.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Campbell%2C+Henry+Donald%2C+Mrs."}},{"attributes":{"label":"Campbell, J. L. (John Lyle)","value":"Campbell, J. L. (John Lyle)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Campbell%2C+J.+L.+%28John+Lyle%29"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Congress of Racial Equality","value":"Congress of Racial Equality","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Congress+of+Racial+Equality"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Franklin Society and Library Company of Lexington (Lexington, Va.)","value":"Franklin Society and Library Company of Lexington (Lexington, Va.)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Franklin+Society+and+Library+Company+of+Lexington+%28Lexington%2C+Va.%29"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","value":"Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Highlander+Research+and+Education+Center+%28Knoxville%2C+Tenn.%29"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","value":"Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Hughes%2C+Langston%2C+1902-1967"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/names_ssim.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation"}},{"type":"facet","id":"geogname_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Places","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Birmingham (Ala.)","value":"Birmingham (Ala.)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Birmingham+%28Ala.%29"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Jackson (Miss.)","value":"Jackson (Miss.)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Jackson+%28Miss.%29"}},{"attributes":{"label":"New York (N.Y.)","value":"New York (N.Y.)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=New+York+%28N.Y.%29"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Petersburg (Va.)","value":"Petersburg (Va.)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Petersburg+%28Va.%29"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Richmond (Va.)","value":"Richmond (Va.)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Richmond+%28Va.%29"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia -- Caroline County","value":"Virginia -- Caroline County","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+--+Caroline+County"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia -- Lexington","value":"Virginia -- Lexington","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+--+Lexington"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/geogname_ssim.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation"}},{"type":"facet","id":"access_subjects_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Subjects","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Actions and defenses","value":"Actions and defenses","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Actions+and+defenses"}},{"attributes":{"label":"African American churches","value":"African American churches","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+American+churches"}},{"attributes":{"label":"African American civil rights workers","value":"African American civil rights workers","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+American+civil+rights+workers"}},{"attributes":{"label":"African American music","value":"African American music","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+American+music"}},{"attributes":{"label":"African American women civil rights workers","value":"African American women civil rights workers","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+American+women+civil+rights+workers"}},{"attributes":{"label":"African Americans -- Segregation","value":"African Americans -- Segregation","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+Americans+--+Segregation"}},{"attributes":{"label":"African Americans--Education--Virginia","value":"African Americans--Education--Virginia","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+Americans--Education--Virginia"}},{"attributes":{"label":"African Americans--History","value":"African Americans--History","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+Americans--History"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Architecture, Domestic--Virginia","value":"Architecture, Domestic--Virginia","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Architecture%2C+Domestic--Virginia"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Armies","value":"Armies","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Armies"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Audio-visual materials","value":"Audio-visual materials","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Audio-visual+materials"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/access_subjects_ssim.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation"}},{"type":"facet","id":"level_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Level","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Collection","value":"Collection","hits":5},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Item","value":"Item","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/level_ssim.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"all_fields","attributes":{"label":"All Fields"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026search_field=all_fields"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"keyword","attributes":{"label":"Keyword"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026search_field=keyword"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"name","attributes":{"label":"Name"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026search_field=name"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"place","attributes":{"label":"Place"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026search_field=place"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"subject","attributes":{"label":"Subject"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026search_field=subject"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"title","attributes":{"label":"Title"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026search_field=title"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"container","attributes":{"label":"Container"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026search_field=container"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"identifier","attributes":{"label":"Identifier"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026search_field=identifier"}},{"type":"sort","id":"score desc, title_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"relevance"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026sort=score+desc%2C+title_sort+asc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"date_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"date (ascending)"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026sort=date_sort+asc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"date_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"date (descending)"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026sort=date_sort+desc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"creator_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"creator (A-Z)"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026sort=creator_sort+asc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"creator_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"creator (Z-A)"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026sort=creator_sort+desc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"title_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"title (A-Z)"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026sort=title_sort+asc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"title_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"title (Z-A)"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Segregation\u0026sort=title_sort+desc"}}]}