{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Real+photo+postcards\u0026view=list","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Real+photo+postcards\u0026page=1\u0026view=list"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":3,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_679","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"African American women real photo postcards","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_679#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"George Mason University. Libraries. 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Other possible locations include Cincinnati and Cleveland, Ohio, Morgantown, West Virginia, Savannah, Georgia, and Chicago, Illinois. Many contain personal inscriptions and identifications written on the back, and one is largely covered with black backing paper residue on top of pencil markings and drawings, likely from a child.","Date range estimates are based on stamp box markings where possible (see  \"How to Date Real Photo Postcards\"  for more information).","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/).","Materials created prior to 1925 are in the Public Domain. These materials have no known restrictions.","A group of 25 real photo postcard portraits of African American women, in both studio and informal settings.","R 72, C 3, S 6","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","English \n.    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March 1, 2021. https://www.si.umich.edu/about-umsi/news/how-black-people-19th-century-used-photography-tool-social-change. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"How to Date Real Photo Postcards.\" 2017. Sports Collectors Daily. September 5, 2017. https://www.sportscollectorsdaily.com/dating-vintage-real-photo-postcards/.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Real Photo Postcards.\" n.d. Museum of Fine Arts Boston. Accessed October 4, 2023. https://www.mfa.org/exhibition/real-photo-postcards.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"These Pictures by Early African-American Photographers Did More Than Capture a Moment.\" 2019. Time. March 5, 2019. https://time.com/5539596/early-african-american-photographers/.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Hill, Samantha. 2021. \"How Black People in the 19th Century Used Photography as a Tool for Social Change.\"   School of Information, University of Michigan  (blog). 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The affordability of Kodak's postcard camera increased the ability for African American families and individuals to commission and share personal and family images on their own terms.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["In 1903, Eastman Kodak Company released a new camera to capitalize on the current global interest in postcards: the No. 3A Folding Pocket Kodak. This small camera was portable and designed specifically for postcard sized film, allowing the real photographic images to be printed directly onto a blank card, making it possible, and affordable, for anyone to create their own, mailable postcards, either for personal use or as a business. 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Professional portraits were taken in a variety of locations including Riter's Studio in Atlantic City, New Jersey, Peoples Photo Studio in Parkersburg, West Virginia, Bell Studio in New York City, New York, Elite Studio in Farrell, Pennsylvania, and Hoover Studios in Carlisle \u0026amp; Newville, Pennsylvania. Other possible locations include Cincinnati and Cleveland, Ohio, Morgantown, West Virginia, Savannah, Georgia, and Chicago, Illinois. Many contain personal inscriptions and identifications written on the back, and one is largely covered with black backing paper residue on top of pencil markings and drawings, likely from a child.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDate range estimates are based on stamp box markings where possible (see \u003ca href=\"https://www.sportscollectorsdaily.com/dating-vintage-real-photo-postcards/\"\u003e\"How to Date Real Photo Postcards\"\u003c/a\u003e for more information).\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A group of 25 real photo postcard portraits of African American women, in both studio and informal settings. Professional portraits were taken in a variety of locations including Riter's Studio in Atlantic City, New Jersey, Peoples Photo Studio in Parkersburg, West Virginia, Bell Studio in New York City, New York, Elite Studio in Farrell, Pennsylvania, and Hoover Studios in Carlisle \u0026 Newville, Pennsylvania. 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These materials have no known restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/).","Materials created prior to 1925 are in the Public Domain. These materials have no known restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ad7534f1dcb1cdf3fb0f3974c02f6ef7\"\u003eA group of 25 real photo postcard portraits of African American women, in both studio and informal settings.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["A group of 25 real photo postcard portraits of African American women, in both studio and informal settings."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_b71d71a2c2f7c29e2d97def2920be992\"\u003eR 72, C 3, S 6\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["R 72, C 3, S 6"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    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These materials have no known restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased from Schubertiade Music by Lynn Eaton in April 2023."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Photography","Real photo postcards","African American women","African Americans","Portrait photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Photography","Real photo postcards","African American women","African Americans","Portrait photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".1 Linear Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":[".1 Linear Feet 1 folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Portrait photographs"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a single folder collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This is a single folder collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHill, Samantha. 2021. \"How Black People in the 19th Century Used Photography as a Tool for Social Change.\" \u003ctitle\u003e School of Information, University of Michigan\u003c/title\u003e (blog). March 1, 2021. https://www.si.umich.edu/about-umsi/news/how-black-people-19th-century-used-photography-tool-social-change. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"How to Date Real Photo Postcards.\" 2017. Sports Collectors Daily. September 5, 2017. https://www.sportscollectorsdaily.com/dating-vintage-real-photo-postcards/.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Real Photo Postcards.\" n.d. Museum of Fine Arts Boston. Accessed October 4, 2023. https://www.mfa.org/exhibition/real-photo-postcards.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"These Pictures by Early African-American Photographers Did More Than Capture a Moment.\" 2019. Time. March 5, 2019. https://time.com/5539596/early-african-american-photographers/.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Hill, Samantha. 2021. \"How Black People in the 19th Century Used Photography as a Tool for Social Change.\"   School of Information, University of Michigan  (blog). March 1, 2021. https://www.si.umich.edu/about-umsi/news/how-black-people-19th-century-used-photography-tool-social-change. ","\"How to Date Real Photo Postcards.\" 2017. Sports Collectors Daily. September 5, 2017. https://www.sportscollectorsdaily.com/dating-vintage-real-photo-postcards/.","\"Real Photo Postcards.\" n.d. Museum of Fine Arts Boston. Accessed October 4, 2023. https://www.mfa.org/exhibition/real-photo-postcards.","\"These Pictures by Early African-American Photographers Did More Than Capture a Moment.\" 2019. Time. March 5, 2019. https://time.com/5539596/early-african-american-photographers/."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 1903, Eastman Kodak Company released a new camera to capitalize on the current global interest in postcards: the No. 3A Folding Pocket Kodak. This small camera was portable and designed specifically for postcard sized film, allowing the real photographic images to be printed directly onto a blank card, making it possible, and affordable, for anyone to create their own, mailable postcards, either for personal use or as a business. As such, the subjects of real photo postcards were widely varied, including slices of everyday life, such as local shops and humorous antics, but the majority served as formal family portraits to distribute to friends and relatives.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the early 20th century, there was also an increased emphasis on capturing photographs that portrayed Black subjects respectfully and affirmingly. Within the African American community, posing for a photograph was a way to push back against the overly \"sympathetic\" images captured by earlier white photographers and counteract racist caricatures. The affordability of Kodak's postcard camera increased the ability for African American families and individuals to commission and share personal and family images on their own terms.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["In 1903, Eastman Kodak Company released a new camera to capitalize on the current global interest in postcards: the No. 3A Folding Pocket Kodak. This small camera was portable and designed specifically for postcard sized film, allowing the real photographic images to be printed directly onto a blank card, making it possible, and affordable, for anyone to create their own, mailable postcards, either for personal use or as a business. 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Professional portraits were taken in a variety of locations including Riter's Studio in Atlantic City, New Jersey, Peoples Photo Studio in Parkersburg, West Virginia, Bell Studio in New York City, New York, Elite Studio in Farrell, Pennsylvania, and Hoover Studios in Carlisle \u0026amp; Newville, Pennsylvania. Other possible locations include Cincinnati and Cleveland, Ohio, Morgantown, West Virginia, Savannah, Georgia, and Chicago, Illinois. Many contain personal inscriptions and identifications written on the back, and one is largely covered with black backing paper residue on top of pencil markings and drawings, likely from a child.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDate range estimates are based on stamp box markings where possible (see \u003ca href=\"https://www.sportscollectorsdaily.com/dating-vintage-real-photo-postcards/\"\u003e\"How to Date Real Photo Postcards\"\u003c/a\u003e for more information).\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A group of 25 real photo postcard portraits of African American women, in both studio and informal settings. Professional portraits were taken in a variety of locations including Riter's Studio in Atlantic City, New Jersey, Peoples Photo Studio in Parkersburg, West Virginia, Bell Studio in New York City, New York, Elite Studio in Farrell, Pennsylvania, and Hoover Studios in Carlisle \u0026 Newville, Pennsylvania. Other possible locations include Cincinnati and Cleveland, Ohio, Morgantown, West Virginia, Savannah, Georgia, and Chicago, Illinois. Many contain personal inscriptions and identifications written on the back, and one is largely covered with black backing paper residue on top of pencil markings and drawings, likely from a child.","Date range estimates are based on stamp box markings where possible (see  \"How to Date Real Photo Postcards\"  for more information)."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaterials created prior to 1925 are in the Public Domain. These materials have no known restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/).","Materials created prior to 1925 are in the Public Domain. These materials have no known restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ad7534f1dcb1cdf3fb0f3974c02f6ef7\"\u003eA group of 25 real photo postcard portraits of African American women, in both studio and informal settings.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["A group of 25 real photo postcard portraits of African American women, in both studio and informal settings."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_b71d71a2c2f7c29e2d97def2920be992\"\u003eR 72, C 3, S 6\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["R 72, C 3, S 6"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T05:33:38.426Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_679"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9893","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Connie Smith family photograph album","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9893#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains one photograph album and one real photograph postcard.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9893#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9893","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9893","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9893","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9893","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9893.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Connie Smith family photograph album","title_ssm":["Connie Smith family photograph album"],"title_tesim":["Connie Smith family photograph album"],"unitdate_ssm":["1950-1980"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1950-1980"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 01924","/repositories/2/resources/9893"],"text":["SC 01924","/repositories/2/resources/9893","Connie Smith family photograph album","Real photo postcards","Postcards--Virginia","African Americans--Virginia--Photographs","Photograph albums","Photography","African Americans","African Americans--History","Postcards","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","The box contains 1 photograph album and 1 folder containing 1 loose real photograph postcard. The album itself contains family, military, stamps, and car photographs. The album also includes a photograph of the band, \"The Three Little Pigs.\"","The collection is arranged by file.","Connie Smith was an African American woman from Roanoke, Virginia. Her father, Willie Smith, worked at the Roanoke Building Service Department. The family  had members that served in the United States military.","The collection contains one photograph album and one real photograph postcard.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 01924","/repositories/2/resources/9893"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Connie Smith family photograph album"],"collection_title_tesim":["Connie Smith family photograph album"],"collection_ssim":["Connie Smith family photograph album"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Real photo postcards","Postcards--Virginia","African Americans--Virginia--Photographs","Photograph albums","Photography","African Americans","African Americans--History","Postcards"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Real photo postcards","Postcards--Virginia","African Americans--Virginia--Photographs","Photograph albums","Photography","African Americans","African Americans--History","Postcards"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.417 Linear Feet 1 Oversized Hollinger box"],"extent_tesim":["1.417 Linear Feet 1 Oversized Hollinger box"],"genreform_ssim":["Postcards"],"date_range_isim":[1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe box contains 1 photograph album and 1 folder containing 1 loose real photograph postcard. The album itself contains family, military, stamps, and car photographs. The album also includes a photograph of the band, \"The Three Little Pigs.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by file.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The box contains 1 photograph album and 1 folder containing 1 loose real photograph postcard. The album itself contains family, military, stamps, and car photographs. The album also includes a photograph of the band, \"The Three Little Pigs.\"","The collection is arranged by file."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eConnie Smith was an African American woman from Roanoke, Virginia. Her father, Willie Smith, worked at the Roanoke Building Service Department. The family  had members that served in the United States military.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Connie Smith was an African American woman from Roanoke, Virginia. Her father, Willie Smith, worked at the Roanoke Building Service Department. The family  had members that served in the United States military."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eConnie Smith family photograph album, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Connie Smith family photograph album, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains one photograph album and one real photograph postcard.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains one photograph album and one real photograph postcard."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T10:17:53.389Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9893","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9893","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9893","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9893","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9893.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Connie Smith family photograph album","title_ssm":["Connie Smith family photograph album"],"title_tesim":["Connie Smith family photograph album"],"unitdate_ssm":["1950-1980"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1950-1980"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 01924","/repositories/2/resources/9893"],"text":["SC 01924","/repositories/2/resources/9893","Connie Smith family photograph album","Real photo postcards","Postcards--Virginia","African Americans--Virginia--Photographs","Photograph albums","Photography","African Americans","African Americans--History","Postcards","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","The box contains 1 photograph album and 1 folder containing 1 loose real photograph postcard. The album itself contains family, military, stamps, and car photographs. The album also includes a photograph of the band, \"The Three Little Pigs.\"","The collection is arranged by file.","Connie Smith was an African American woman from Roanoke, Virginia. Her father, Willie Smith, worked at the Roanoke Building Service Department. The family  had members that served in the United States military.","The collection contains one photograph album and one real photograph postcard.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 01924","/repositories/2/resources/9893"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Connie Smith family photograph album"],"collection_title_tesim":["Connie Smith family photograph album"],"collection_ssim":["Connie Smith family photograph album"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Real photo postcards","Postcards--Virginia","African Americans--Virginia--Photographs","Photograph albums","Photography","African Americans","African Americans--History","Postcards"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Real photo postcards","Postcards--Virginia","African Americans--Virginia--Photographs","Photograph albums","Photography","African Americans","African Americans--History","Postcards"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.417 Linear Feet 1 Oversized Hollinger box"],"extent_tesim":["1.417 Linear Feet 1 Oversized Hollinger box"],"genreform_ssim":["Postcards"],"date_range_isim":[1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe box contains 1 photograph album and 1 folder containing 1 loose real photograph postcard. The album itself contains family, military, stamps, and car photographs. The album also includes a photograph of the band, \"The Three Little Pigs.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by file.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The box contains 1 photograph album and 1 folder containing 1 loose real photograph postcard. The album itself contains family, military, stamps, and car photographs. The album also includes a photograph of the band, \"The Three Little Pigs.\"","The collection is arranged by file."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eConnie Smith was an African American woman from Roanoke, Virginia. Her father, Willie Smith, worked at the Roanoke Building Service Department. The family  had members that served in the United States military.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Connie Smith was an African American woman from Roanoke, Virginia. Her father, Willie Smith, worked at the Roanoke Building Service Department. The family  had members that served in the United States military."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eConnie Smith family photograph album, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Connie Smith family photograph album, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains one photograph album and one real photograph postcard.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains one photograph album and one real photograph postcard."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T10:17:53.389Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9893"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9587","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Vito L. Bianco collection of African American photographs","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9587#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains one bound album of 18 photographs of African Americans, including children, women, as well as men in military uniforms. Photographs were taken by multiple studios in Virginia including the E.C. Leath Photograph Gallery in Petersburg and the Virginia, Evans and Son Gallery in Norfolk, virginia. Other photographs were produced by New York based studios including Adams Studio and Richard Ward Studio. The photographs include carte de visites, tintypes and postcards.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9587#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9587","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9587","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9587","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9587","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9587.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Bianco, Vito L. Collection of African American photographs","title_ssm":["Vito L. Bianco collection of African American photographs"],"title_tesim":["Vito L. Bianco collection of African American photographs"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1875"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["circa 1875"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS 00325","/repositories/2/resources/9587"],"text":["MS 00325","/repositories/2/resources/9587","Vito L. Bianco collection of African American photographs","Petersburg (Va.)--History","African Americans","Tintype","Real photo postcards","Photography","Carte de visite photographs","The collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","This collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions and acquisitions to the collection.","This collection contains one bound album of 18 photographs of African Americans, including children, women, as well as men in military uniforms. Photographs were taken by multiple studios in Virginia including the E.C. Leath Photograph Gallery in Petersburg and the Virginia, Evans and Son Gallery in Norfolk, virginia. Other photographs were produced by New York based studios including Adams Studio and Richard Ward Studio. The photographs include carte de visites, tintypes and postcards.","This series contains one bound album of 18 photographs of African Americans, including children, women, as well as men in military uniforms. Photographs were taken by multiple studios in Virginia including the E.C. Leath Photograph Gallery in Petersburg and the Virginia, Evans and Son Gallery in Norfolk, virginia. Other photographs were produced by New York based studios including Adams Studio and Richard Ward Studio. The photographs include carte de visites, tintypes and postcards.","One bound album of 18 photographs of African Americans, including children, women, as well as men in military uniforms. Photographs were taken by multiple studios in Virginia including the E.C. Leath Photograph Gallery in Petersburg and the Virginia, Evans and Son Gallery in Norfolk, virginia. Other photographs were produced by New York based studios including Adams Studio and Richard Ward Studio. The photographs include carte de visites, tintypes and postcards.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS 00325","/repositories/2/resources/9587"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Vito L. Bianco collection of African American photographs"],"collection_title_tesim":["Vito L. Bianco collection of African American photographs"],"collection_ssim":["Vito L. Bianco collection of African American photographs"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Petersburg (Va.)--History"],"geogname_ssim":["Petersburg (Va.)--History"],"places_ssim":["Petersburg (Va.)--History"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Vito L. Bianco in honor of daughter Jillian Taylor Bianco"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans","Tintype","Real photo postcards","Photography","Carte de visite photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans","Tintype","Real photo postcards","Photography","Carte de visite photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.375 Linear Feet 1 Hollinger box"],"extent_tesim":["0.375 Linear Feet 1 Hollinger box"],"genreform_ssim":["Carte de visite photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1875],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVito L. Bianco collection of African American photographs, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Vito L. Bianco collection of African American photographs, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions and acquisitions to the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection received container level processing. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions and acquisitions to the collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains one bound album of 18 photographs of African Americans, including children, women, as well as men in military uniforms. Photographs were taken by multiple studios in Virginia including the E.C. Leath Photograph Gallery in Petersburg and the Virginia, Evans and Son Gallery in Norfolk, virginia. Other photographs were produced by New York based studios including Adams Studio and Richard Ward Studio. The photographs include carte de visites, tintypes and postcards.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains one bound album of 18 photographs of African Americans, including children, women, as well as men in military uniforms. Photographs were taken by multiple studios in Virginia including the E.C. Leath Photograph Gallery in Petersburg and the Virginia, Evans and Son Gallery in Norfolk, virginia. Other photographs were produced by New York based studios including Adams Studio and Richard Ward Studio. The photographs include carte de visites, tintypes and postcards.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne bound album of 18 photographs of African Americans, including children, women, as well as men in military uniforms. Photographs were taken by multiple studios in Virginia including the E.C. Leath Photograph Gallery in Petersburg and the Virginia, Evans and Son Gallery in Norfolk, virginia. Other photographs were produced by New York based studios including Adams Studio and Richard Ward Studio. The photographs include carte de visites, tintypes and postcards.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains one bound album of 18 photographs of African Americans, including children, women, as well as men in military uniforms. Photographs were taken by multiple studios in Virginia including the E.C. Leath Photograph Gallery in Petersburg and the Virginia, Evans and Son Gallery in Norfolk, virginia. Other photographs were produced by New York based studios including Adams Studio and Richard Ward Studio. The photographs include carte de visites, tintypes and postcards.","This series contains one bound album of 18 photographs of African Americans, including children, women, as well as men in military uniforms. Photographs were taken by multiple studios in Virginia including the E.C. Leath Photograph Gallery in Petersburg and the Virginia, Evans and Son Gallery in Norfolk, virginia. Other photographs were produced by New York based studios including Adams Studio and Richard Ward Studio. The photographs include carte de visites, tintypes and postcards.","One bound album of 18 photographs of African Americans, including children, women, as well as men in military uniforms. 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