{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Race+discrimination+--+Law+and+legislation+--+Virginia\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1975\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Race+discrimination+--+Law+and+legislation+--+Virginia\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1975\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=1"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":2,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_616","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"American Civil Liberties Union of Virginia records, 1954/1984, bulk 1967/1984","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_616#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"American Civil Liberties Union of Virginia","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_616#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection documents the work of the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) of Virginia between 1967 and 1984. The subjects of this collection reflect the organization's mission and priorities during that period. They relate to a wide range of issues including academic freedom; due process; the rights of children and students; racial and sexual discrimination; the military draft; religion in public schools; the rights of women; the rights of prisoners; state reapportionment; the rights of the mentally disabled; and the rights of migrant workers.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_616#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_616","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_616","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_616","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_616","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_4_resources_616.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/132886","title_ssm":["American Civil Liberties Union of Virginia records"],"title_tesim":["American Civil Liberties Union of Virginia records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1954-1984","1967-1984"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1954-1984"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1967-1984"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1954/1984, bulk 1967/1984"],"normalized_title_ssm":["American Civil Liberties Union of Virginia records, 1954/1984, bulk 1967/1984"],"text":["American Civil Liberties Union of Virginia records, 1954/1984, bulk 1967/1984","MSS.85.2","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/616","Academic freedom -- United States","Apportionment (Election law) -- Virginia","Capital punishment -- Virginia","Children -- Legal status, laws, etc. -- Virginia","Civil rights -- United States","Draft -- United States","Equal rights amendments -- United States","Legal assistance to military personnel -- Virginia","Migrant agricultural laborers -- Virginia","People with mental disabilities -- Institutional care -- Virginia","Prisoners -- Legal status, laws, etc. -- Virginia","Religion in the public schools -- Law and legislation -- Virginia","Sex discrimination against women -- Law and legislation -- United States","Students -- Legal status, laws, etc. -- Virginia","Vietnam War, 1961-1975 -- Draft resisters -- United States","Women's rights -- United States","Race discrimination -- Law and legislation -- Virginia","to many of the materials in the ACLU of Virginia papers is restricted. Some documents are open to researchers, but most are either closed by law or require special permissions from the ACLU of Virginia. The restrictions that govern this collection are described below. They ensure the Law Library's compliance with applicable laws and institutional policies as well as the conditions of the ACLU's donation of these records to the University of Virginia.","Open to Researchers:","Researchers may view public documents in the collection without additional permissions. These include public court records, such as briefs, transcripts, and judgments. They also include press releases and media coverage of cases. Any public documents marked with attorney notes may be considered work-product privileged records and they are restricted.","Closed to Researchers:","1.\tAttorney-Client Privileged Records: Any item documenting communications between an attorney and a client or potential client. This includes but is not limited to written correspondence, memoranda to the file, notes, or any report of communication to or from a client or potential client. These records may be opened to researchers if the client or the client's legal representative waives the privilege in writing, and the ACLU of Virginia approves the release.","2.\tClassified Documents: These materials will remain closed until they are declassified. After which time, access may need to be approved by the ACLU of Virginia.","3.\tDocuments Placed Under Seal of Court or Protective Order: These materials will remain closed until they are unsealed and/or the protective order is modified. After which time, access may need to be approved by the ACLU of Virginia.","4.\tDocuments Identifying Anonymous Clients: Any documents identifying an anonymous or pseudonymous client will remain closed unless the client or the client's legal representative approves opening them in writing. After client approval, the ACLU of Virginia must also approve access.","5.\tTerms of a Confidential Settlement: Materials documenting terms of a confidential settlement will remain closed unless the parties involved waive their privilege to confidentiality in writing.","6.\tPersonnel Records: Records which deal with personnel issues, whether in personnel files or in other files maintained by the ACLU of Virginia, shall be closed until 75 years after their creation. When scattered personnel records are present in open files, they shall be governed by this paragraph. This restriction shall not apply if the person or persons to whom the record applies have given their permission in writing to disclose said information. Also, the ACLU of Virginia must approve the release of the records.","7.\tPersonally Identifiable Information Not Revealed in Public Court Documents: Records containing personally identifiable information not revealed in public court documents will be closed for seventy-five years (100 years if the information pertains to children). After that time, the ACLU of Virginia must also approve access to the documents.","Requires ACLU-VA Approval:","Some materials in this collection may be released to researchers with the ACLU of Virginia's approval. To access these materials, researchers must submit a written request to the University of Virginia Law Library. The request must include the researcher's name, the reason for the request, and a list of the requested materials. The University of Virginia Law Library will forward written requests to the ACLU of Virginia. The Library will inform researchers when the ACLU of Virginia has either approved or denied their requests.","Here is a list of materials that may be released with the approval of the ACLU of Virginia:","1.\tAdministrative Records of the ACLU-VA: These records document the ACLU-VA's operations and were maintained by its staff. These include, but are not limited to, reports, meeting minutes, agendas, memoranda, staff directories, topical files, project files, and other materials that do not contain information strictly closed to researchers (e.g., personnel records). These records are strictly closed for 20 years after creation or 10 years after their deposit in the UVA Law Library, whichever is later, but in no case for more than 30 years after the creation of the record. After these times, records may be released with the ACLU of Virginia's approval.","2.\tWork-Product Privileged Records: These records, most often found in case files, include correspondence, memoranda, drafts of briefs, written statements of witnesses, notes of mental impressions, personal recollections, and other materials prepared or created by ACLU attorneys while working on a case. These records are strictly closed for 20 years after the closure of the associated case or cases. After that time, they may be released with the ACLU-VA's approval. Any materials documenting communications with clients or potential clients remain protected by attorney-client privilege when mixed with work-product privileged records.","The collection is generally arranged into series and subseries according to the date of accession at the University of Virginia.","The first series contains materials that the ACLU-VA transferred to Alderman Library in nine installments. In 1988, archivists separated some of these materials into a tenth \"restricted\" subseries. The second series contains materials that the ACLU-VA directly transferred to the Arthur J. Morris Law Library.","The arrangement of items and files in the series and sub-series generally corresponds to their original order at the ACLU of Virginia's offices.","The ACLU of Virginia was begun in 1967, and by early 1968 had 1700 members. In that year, the National Development Council of the ACLU approved a grant proposal from the Virginia affiliate for funds to hire permanent staff. Between 1967 and 1985, the executive directorship had been held consecutively by Lauren Selden, Shalom Dubow, Betsy Brinson, and Chan Kendrick.","During the period documented in this collection, the ACLU of Virginia supported the rights of children, the intellectually disabled, students, women, homosexuals, and racial minorities. It funded projects to effect improvements in the treatment and living conditions of patients in the state's mental institutions, and migrant farmworkers on the Eastern Shore. It opposed religion in public schools, illegal police searches, and the imposition of dress or hair length codes in schools or the work place. In the General Assembly, the Virginia affiliate fought for the Equal Rights Amendment, the right to abortion, reapportionment, and certain court reforms and changes in the juvenile code. The organization was an active advocate for academic freedom and for the protection of individuals' privacy. It pushed for reform of drug laws and called for the end of capital punishment. The most extensive and visible project for Virginia's ACLU in the 1970's and early 1980's was the prison project. The prison project was a movement to insure adequate legal protection of inmates, as well as to improve their living conditions and treatment.","In nine installments, between 1971 and 1985, the ACLU of Virginia transferred much of this collection to the University of Virginia's Alderman Library. The initial installment was accessioned as #9690, and succeeding ones were numbered #9690-a, -b, etc.","This collection documents the work of the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) of Virginia between 1967 and 1984. The subjects of this collection reflect the organization's mission and priorities during that period. They relate to a wide range of issues including academic freedom; due process; the rights of children and students; racial and sexual discrimination; the military draft; religion in public schools; the rights of women; the rights of prisoners; state reapportionment; the rights of the mentally disabled; and the rights of migrant workers.","ACLU of Virginia staff members created and maintained the records in this collection, which include meeting minutes, correspondence, personnel records, reports, press releases, broadsides, memoranda, case files, project files, and topical files.","Because of the nature of this collection, copyright status varies across the materials. Copyright is assumed to be held by the original creators of the content.","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","American Civil Liberties Union of Virginia","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["American Civil Liberties Union of Virginia records, 1954/1984, bulk 1967/1984"],"collection_ssim":["American Civil Liberties Union of Virginia records, 1954/1984, bulk 1967/1984"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS.85.2","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/616"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS.85.2","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/616"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["American Civil Liberties Union of Virginia"],"creator_ssim":["American Civil Liberties Union of Virginia"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","American Civil Liberties Union of Virginia"],"creators_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","American Civil Liberties Union of Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["Because of the nature of this collection, copyright status varies across the materials. Copyright is assumed to be held by the original creators of the content."],"acqinfo_ssim":["In 1985, the executive director of the ACLU of Virginia, Chan Kendrick, approved the transfer of the existing ACLU collection from the University of Virginia's Alderman Library to the Arthur J. Morris Law Library. Then in 1986, the ACLU transferred additional materials directly to the Law Library."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Academic freedom -- United States","Apportionment (Election law) -- Virginia","Capital punishment -- Virginia","Children -- Legal status, laws, etc. -- Virginia","Civil rights -- United States","Draft -- United States","Equal rights amendments -- United States","Legal assistance to military personnel -- Virginia","Migrant agricultural laborers -- Virginia","People with mental disabilities -- Institutional care -- Virginia","Prisoners -- Legal status, laws, etc. -- Virginia","Religion in the public schools -- Law and legislation -- Virginia","Sex discrimination against women -- Law and legislation -- United States","Students -- Legal status, laws, etc. -- Virginia","Vietnam War, 1961-1975 -- Draft resisters -- United States","Women's rights -- United States","Race discrimination -- Law and legislation -- Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Academic freedom -- United States","Apportionment (Election law) -- Virginia","Capital punishment -- Virginia","Children -- Legal status, laws, etc. -- Virginia","Civil rights -- United States","Draft -- United States","Equal rights amendments -- United States","Legal assistance to military personnel -- Virginia","Migrant agricultural laborers -- Virginia","People with mental disabilities -- Institutional care -- Virginia","Prisoners -- Legal status, laws, etc. -- Virginia","Religion in the public schools -- Law and legislation -- Virginia","Sex discrimination against women -- Law and legislation -- United States","Students -- Legal status, laws, etc. -- Virginia","Vietnam War, 1961-1975 -- Draft resisters -- United States","Women's rights -- United States","Race discrimination -- Law and legislation -- Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["120 Cubic Feet 254 archival boxes"],"extent_tesim":["120 Cubic Feet 254 archival boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eto many of the materials in the ACLU of Virginia papers is restricted. Some documents are open to researchers, but most are either closed by law or require special permissions from the ACLU of Virginia. The restrictions that govern this collection are described below. They ensure the Law Library's compliance with applicable laws and institutional policies as well as the conditions of the ACLU's donation of these records to the University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph\u003eOpen to Researchers:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may view public documents in the collection without additional permissions. These include public court records, such as briefs, transcripts, and judgments. They also include press releases and media coverage of cases. Any public documents marked with attorney notes may be considered work-product privileged records and they are restricted.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph\u003eClosed to Researchers:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.\tAttorney-Client Privileged Records: Any item documenting communications between an attorney and a client or potential client. This includes but is not limited to written correspondence, memoranda to the file, notes, or any report of communication to or from a client or potential client. These records may be opened to researchers if the client or the client's legal representative waives the privilege in writing, and the ACLU of Virginia approves the release.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2.\tClassified Documents: These materials will remain closed until they are declassified. After which time, access may need to be approved by the ACLU of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3.\tDocuments Placed Under Seal of Court or Protective Order: These materials will remain closed until they are unsealed and/or the protective order is modified. After which time, access may need to be approved by the ACLU of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4.\tDocuments Identifying Anonymous Clients: Any documents identifying an anonymous or pseudonymous client will remain closed unless the client or the client's legal representative approves opening them in writing. After client approval, the ACLU of Virginia must also approve access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e5.\tTerms of a Confidential Settlement: Materials documenting terms of a confidential settlement will remain closed unless the parties involved waive their privilege to confidentiality in writing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e6.\tPersonnel Records: Records which deal with personnel issues, whether in personnel files or in other files maintained by the ACLU of Virginia, shall be closed until 75 years after their creation. When scattered personnel records are present in open files, they shall be governed by this paragraph. This restriction shall not apply if the person or persons to whom the record applies have given their permission in writing to disclose said information. Also, the ACLU of Virginia must approve the release of the records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e7.\tPersonally Identifiable Information Not Revealed in Public Court Documents: Records containing personally identifiable information not revealed in public court documents will be closed for seventy-five years (100 years if the information pertains to children). After that time, the ACLU of Virginia must also approve access to the documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph\u003eAccess Requires ACLU-VA Approval:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome materials in this collection may be released to researchers with the ACLU of Virginia's approval. To access these materials, researchers must submit a written request to the University of Virginia Law Library. The request must include the researcher's name, the reason for the request, and a list of the requested materials. The University of Virginia Law Library will forward written requests to the ACLU of Virginia. The Library will inform researchers when the ACLU of Virginia has either approved or denied their requests.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHere is a list of materials that may be released with the approval of the ACLU of Virginia:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.\tAdministrative Records of the ACLU-VA: These records document the ACLU-VA's operations and were maintained by its staff. These include, but are not limited to, reports, meeting minutes, agendas, memoranda, staff directories, topical files, project files, and other materials that do not contain information strictly closed to researchers (e.g., personnel records). These records are strictly closed for 20 years after creation or 10 years after their deposit in the UVA Law Library, whichever is later, but in no case for more than 30 years after the creation of the record. After these times, records may be released with the ACLU of Virginia's approval.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2.\tWork-Product Privileged Records: These records, most often found in case files, include correspondence, memoranda, drafts of briefs, written statements of witnesses, notes of mental impressions, personal recollections, and other materials prepared or created by ACLU attorneys while working on a case. These records are strictly closed for 20 years after the closure of the associated case or cases. After that time, they may be released with the ACLU-VA's approval. Any materials documenting communications with clients or potential clients remain protected by attorney-client privilege when mixed with work-product privileged records.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["to many of the materials in the ACLU of Virginia papers is restricted. Some documents are open to researchers, but most are either closed by law or require special permissions from the ACLU of Virginia. The restrictions that govern this collection are described below. They ensure the Law Library's compliance with applicable laws and institutional policies as well as the conditions of the ACLU's donation of these records to the University of Virginia.","Open to Researchers:","Researchers may view public documents in the collection without additional permissions. These include public court records, such as briefs, transcripts, and judgments. They also include press releases and media coverage of cases. Any public documents marked with attorney notes may be considered work-product privileged records and they are restricted.","Closed to Researchers:","1.\tAttorney-Client Privileged Records: Any item documenting communications between an attorney and a client or potential client. This includes but is not limited to written correspondence, memoranda to the file, notes, or any report of communication to or from a client or potential client. These records may be opened to researchers if the client or the client's legal representative waives the privilege in writing, and the ACLU of Virginia approves the release.","2.\tClassified Documents: These materials will remain closed until they are declassified. After which time, access may need to be approved by the ACLU of Virginia.","3.\tDocuments Placed Under Seal of Court or Protective Order: These materials will remain closed until they are unsealed and/or the protective order is modified. After which time, access may need to be approved by the ACLU of Virginia.","4.\tDocuments Identifying Anonymous Clients: Any documents identifying an anonymous or pseudonymous client will remain closed unless the client or the client's legal representative approves opening them in writing. After client approval, the ACLU of Virginia must also approve access.","5.\tTerms of a Confidential Settlement: Materials documenting terms of a confidential settlement will remain closed unless the parties involved waive their privilege to confidentiality in writing.","6.\tPersonnel Records: Records which deal with personnel issues, whether in personnel files or in other files maintained by the ACLU of Virginia, shall be closed until 75 years after their creation. When scattered personnel records are present in open files, they shall be governed by this paragraph. This restriction shall not apply if the person or persons to whom the record applies have given their permission in writing to disclose said information. Also, the ACLU of Virginia must approve the release of the records.","7.\tPersonally Identifiable Information Not Revealed in Public Court Documents: Records containing personally identifiable information not revealed in public court documents will be closed for seventy-five years (100 years if the information pertains to children). After that time, the ACLU of Virginia must also approve access to the documents.","Requires ACLU-VA Approval:","Some materials in this collection may be released to researchers with the ACLU of Virginia's approval. To access these materials, researchers must submit a written request to the University of Virginia Law Library. The request must include the researcher's name, the reason for the request, and a list of the requested materials. The University of Virginia Law Library will forward written requests to the ACLU of Virginia. The Library will inform researchers when the ACLU of Virginia has either approved or denied their requests.","Here is a list of materials that may be released with the approval of the ACLU of Virginia:","1.\tAdministrative Records of the ACLU-VA: These records document the ACLU-VA's operations and were maintained by its staff. These include, but are not limited to, reports, meeting minutes, agendas, memoranda, staff directories, topical files, project files, and other materials that do not contain information strictly closed to researchers (e.g., personnel records). These records are strictly closed for 20 years after creation or 10 years after their deposit in the UVA Law Library, whichever is later, but in no case for more than 30 years after the creation of the record. After these times, records may be released with the ACLU of Virginia's approval.","2.\tWork-Product Privileged Records: These records, most often found in case files, include correspondence, memoranda, drafts of briefs, written statements of witnesses, notes of mental impressions, personal recollections, and other materials prepared or created by ACLU attorneys while working on a case. These records are strictly closed for 20 years after the closure of the associated case or cases. After that time, they may be released with the ACLU-VA's approval. Any materials documenting communications with clients or potential clients remain protected by attorney-client privilege when mixed with work-product privileged records."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is generally arranged into series and subseries according to the date of accession at the University of Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe first series contains materials that the ACLU-VA transferred to Alderman Library in nine installments. In 1988, archivists separated some of these materials into a tenth \"restricted\" subseries. The second series contains materials that the ACLU-VA directly transferred to the Arthur J. Morris Law Library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe arrangement of items and files in the series and sub-series generally corresponds to their original order at the ACLU of Virginia's offices.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is generally arranged into series and subseries according to the date of accession at the University of Virginia.","The first series contains materials that the ACLU-VA transferred to Alderman Library in nine installments. In 1988, archivists separated some of these materials into a tenth \"restricted\" subseries. The second series contains materials that the ACLU-VA directly transferred to the Arthur J. Morris Law Library.","The arrangement of items and files in the series and sub-series generally corresponds to their original order at the ACLU of Virginia's offices."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe ACLU of Virginia was begun in 1967, and by early 1968 had 1700 members. In that year, the National Development Council of the ACLU approved a grant proposal from the Virginia affiliate for funds to hire permanent staff. Between 1967 and 1985, the executive directorship had been held consecutively by Lauren Selden, Shalom Dubow, Betsy Brinson, and Chan Kendrick.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the period documented in this collection, the ACLU of Virginia supported the rights of children, the intellectually disabled, students, women, homosexuals, and racial minorities. It funded projects to effect improvements in the treatment and living conditions of patients in the state's mental institutions, and migrant farmworkers on the Eastern Shore. It opposed religion in public schools, illegal police searches, and the imposition of dress or hair length codes in schools or the work place. In the General Assembly, the Virginia affiliate fought for the Equal Rights Amendment, the right to abortion, reapportionment, and certain court reforms and changes in the juvenile code. The organization was an active advocate for academic freedom and for the protection of individuals' privacy. It pushed for reform of drug laws and called for the end of capital punishment. The most extensive and visible project for Virginia's ACLU in the 1970's and early 1980's was the prison project. The prison project was a movement to insure adequate legal protection of inmates, as well as to improve their living conditions and treatment.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The ACLU of Virginia was begun in 1967, and by early 1968 had 1700 members. In that year, the National Development Council of the ACLU approved a grant proposal from the Virginia affiliate for funds to hire permanent staff. Between 1967 and 1985, the executive directorship had been held consecutively by Lauren Selden, Shalom Dubow, Betsy Brinson, and Chan Kendrick.","During the period documented in this collection, the ACLU of Virginia supported the rights of children, the intellectually disabled, students, women, homosexuals, and racial minorities. It funded projects to effect improvements in the treatment and living conditions of patients in the state's mental institutions, and migrant farmworkers on the Eastern Shore. It opposed religion in public schools, illegal police searches, and the imposition of dress or hair length codes in schools or the work place. In the General Assembly, the Virginia affiliate fought for the Equal Rights Amendment, the right to abortion, reapportionment, and certain court reforms and changes in the juvenile code. The organization was an active advocate for academic freedom and for the protection of individuals' privacy. It pushed for reform of drug laws and called for the end of capital punishment. The most extensive and visible project for Virginia's ACLU in the 1970's and early 1980's was the prison project. The prison project was a movement to insure adequate legal protection of inmates, as well as to improve their living conditions and treatment."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn nine installments, between 1971 and 1985, the ACLU of Virginia transferred much of this collection to the University of Virginia's Alderman Library. The initial installment was accessioned as #9690, and succeeding ones were numbered #9690-a, -b, etc.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["In nine installments, between 1971 and 1985, the ACLU of Virginia transferred much of this collection to the University of Virginia's Alderman Library. The initial installment was accessioned as #9690, and succeeding ones were numbered #9690-a, -b, etc."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection documents the work of the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) of Virginia between 1967 and 1984. The subjects of this collection reflect the organization's mission and priorities during that period. They relate to a wide range of issues including academic freedom; due process; the rights of children and students; racial and sexual discrimination; the military draft; religion in public schools; the rights of women; the rights of prisoners; state reapportionment; the rights of the mentally disabled; and the rights of migrant workers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eACLU of Virginia staff members created and maintained the records in this collection, which include meeting minutes, correspondence, personnel records, reports, press releases, broadsides, memoranda, case files, project files, and topical files. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection documents the work of the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) of Virginia between 1967 and 1984. The subjects of this collection reflect the organization's mission and priorities during that period. They relate to a wide range of issues including academic freedom; due process; the rights of children and students; racial and sexual discrimination; the military draft; religion in public schools; the rights of women; the rights of prisoners; state reapportionment; the rights of the mentally disabled; and the rights of migrant workers.","ACLU of Virginia staff members created and maintained the records in this collection, which include meeting minutes, correspondence, personnel records, reports, press releases, broadsides, memoranda, case files, project files, and topical files."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBecause of the nature of this collection, copyright status varies across the materials. Copyright is assumed to be held by the original creators of the content.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Because of the nature of this collection, copyright status varies across the materials. Copyright is assumed to be held by the original creators of the content."],"corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","American Civil Liberties Union of Virginia"],"names_coll_ssim":["American Civil Liberties Union of Virginia"],"names_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","American Civil Liberties Union of Virginia"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1115,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-15T00:04:49.439Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_616","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_616","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_616","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_616","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_4_resources_616.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/132886","title_ssm":["American Civil Liberties Union of Virginia records"],"title_tesim":["American Civil Liberties Union of Virginia records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1954-1984","1967-1984"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1954-1984"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1967-1984"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1954/1984, bulk 1967/1984"],"normalized_title_ssm":["American Civil Liberties Union of Virginia records, 1954/1984, bulk 1967/1984"],"text":["American Civil Liberties Union of Virginia records, 1954/1984, bulk 1967/1984","MSS.85.2","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/616","Academic freedom -- United States","Apportionment (Election law) -- Virginia","Capital punishment -- Virginia","Children -- Legal status, laws, etc. -- Virginia","Civil rights -- United States","Draft -- United States","Equal rights amendments -- United States","Legal assistance to military personnel -- Virginia","Migrant agricultural laborers -- Virginia","People with mental disabilities -- Institutional care -- Virginia","Prisoners -- Legal status, laws, etc. -- Virginia","Religion in the public schools -- Law and legislation -- Virginia","Sex discrimination against women -- Law and legislation -- United States","Students -- Legal status, laws, etc. -- Virginia","Vietnam War, 1961-1975 -- Draft resisters -- United States","Women's rights -- United States","Race discrimination -- Law and legislation -- Virginia","to many of the materials in the ACLU of Virginia papers is restricted. Some documents are open to researchers, but most are either closed by law or require special permissions from the ACLU of Virginia. The restrictions that govern this collection are described below. They ensure the Law Library's compliance with applicable laws and institutional policies as well as the conditions of the ACLU's donation of these records to the University of Virginia.","Open to Researchers:","Researchers may view public documents in the collection without additional permissions. These include public court records, such as briefs, transcripts, and judgments. They also include press releases and media coverage of cases. Any public documents marked with attorney notes may be considered work-product privileged records and they are restricted.","Closed to Researchers:","1.\tAttorney-Client Privileged Records: Any item documenting communications between an attorney and a client or potential client. This includes but is not limited to written correspondence, memoranda to the file, notes, or any report of communication to or from a client or potential client. These records may be opened to researchers if the client or the client's legal representative waives the privilege in writing, and the ACLU of Virginia approves the release.","2.\tClassified Documents: These materials will remain closed until they are declassified. After which time, access may need to be approved by the ACLU of Virginia.","3.\tDocuments Placed Under Seal of Court or Protective Order: These materials will remain closed until they are unsealed and/or the protective order is modified. After which time, access may need to be approved by the ACLU of Virginia.","4.\tDocuments Identifying Anonymous Clients: Any documents identifying an anonymous or pseudonymous client will remain closed unless the client or the client's legal representative approves opening them in writing. After client approval, the ACLU of Virginia must also approve access.","5.\tTerms of a Confidential Settlement: Materials documenting terms of a confidential settlement will remain closed unless the parties involved waive their privilege to confidentiality in writing.","6.\tPersonnel Records: Records which deal with personnel issues, whether in personnel files or in other files maintained by the ACLU of Virginia, shall be closed until 75 years after their creation. When scattered personnel records are present in open files, they shall be governed by this paragraph. This restriction shall not apply if the person or persons to whom the record applies have given their permission in writing to disclose said information. Also, the ACLU of Virginia must approve the release of the records.","7.\tPersonally Identifiable Information Not Revealed in Public Court Documents: Records containing personally identifiable information not revealed in public court documents will be closed for seventy-five years (100 years if the information pertains to children). After that time, the ACLU of Virginia must also approve access to the documents.","Requires ACLU-VA Approval:","Some materials in this collection may be released to researchers with the ACLU of Virginia's approval. To access these materials, researchers must submit a written request to the University of Virginia Law Library. The request must include the researcher's name, the reason for the request, and a list of the requested materials. The University of Virginia Law Library will forward written requests to the ACLU of Virginia. The Library will inform researchers when the ACLU of Virginia has either approved or denied their requests.","Here is a list of materials that may be released with the approval of the ACLU of Virginia:","1.\tAdministrative Records of the ACLU-VA: These records document the ACLU-VA's operations and were maintained by its staff. These include, but are not limited to, reports, meeting minutes, agendas, memoranda, staff directories, topical files, project files, and other materials that do not contain information strictly closed to researchers (e.g., personnel records). These records are strictly closed for 20 years after creation or 10 years after their deposit in the UVA Law Library, whichever is later, but in no case for more than 30 years after the creation of the record. After these times, records may be released with the ACLU of Virginia's approval.","2.\tWork-Product Privileged Records: These records, most often found in case files, include correspondence, memoranda, drafts of briefs, written statements of witnesses, notes of mental impressions, personal recollections, and other materials prepared or created by ACLU attorneys while working on a case. These records are strictly closed for 20 years after the closure of the associated case or cases. After that time, they may be released with the ACLU-VA's approval. Any materials documenting communications with clients or potential clients remain protected by attorney-client privilege when mixed with work-product privileged records.","The collection is generally arranged into series and subseries according to the date of accession at the University of Virginia.","The first series contains materials that the ACLU-VA transferred to Alderman Library in nine installments. In 1988, archivists separated some of these materials into a tenth \"restricted\" subseries. The second series contains materials that the ACLU-VA directly transferred to the Arthur J. Morris Law Library.","The arrangement of items and files in the series and sub-series generally corresponds to their original order at the ACLU of Virginia's offices.","The ACLU of Virginia was begun in 1967, and by early 1968 had 1700 members. In that year, the National Development Council of the ACLU approved a grant proposal from the Virginia affiliate for funds to hire permanent staff. Between 1967 and 1985, the executive directorship had been held consecutively by Lauren Selden, Shalom Dubow, Betsy Brinson, and Chan Kendrick.","During the period documented in this collection, the ACLU of Virginia supported the rights of children, the intellectually disabled, students, women, homosexuals, and racial minorities. It funded projects to effect improvements in the treatment and living conditions of patients in the state's mental institutions, and migrant farmworkers on the Eastern Shore. It opposed religion in public schools, illegal police searches, and the imposition of dress or hair length codes in schools or the work place. In the General Assembly, the Virginia affiliate fought for the Equal Rights Amendment, the right to abortion, reapportionment, and certain court reforms and changes in the juvenile code. The organization was an active advocate for academic freedom and for the protection of individuals' privacy. It pushed for reform of drug laws and called for the end of capital punishment. The most extensive and visible project for Virginia's ACLU in the 1970's and early 1980's was the prison project. The prison project was a movement to insure adequate legal protection of inmates, as well as to improve their living conditions and treatment.","In nine installments, between 1971 and 1985, the ACLU of Virginia transferred much of this collection to the University of Virginia's Alderman Library. The initial installment was accessioned as #9690, and succeeding ones were numbered #9690-a, -b, etc.","This collection documents the work of the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) of Virginia between 1967 and 1984. The subjects of this collection reflect the organization's mission and priorities during that period. They relate to a wide range of issues including academic freedom; due process; the rights of children and students; racial and sexual discrimination; the military draft; religion in public schools; the rights of women; the rights of prisoners; state reapportionment; the rights of the mentally disabled; and the rights of migrant workers.","ACLU of Virginia staff members created and maintained the records in this collection, which include meeting minutes, correspondence, personnel records, reports, press releases, broadsides, memoranda, case files, project files, and topical files.","Because of the nature of this collection, copyright status varies across the materials. Copyright is assumed to be held by the original creators of the content.","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","American Civil Liberties Union of Virginia","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["American Civil Liberties Union of Virginia records, 1954/1984, bulk 1967/1984"],"collection_ssim":["American Civil Liberties Union of Virginia records, 1954/1984, bulk 1967/1984"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS.85.2","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/616"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS.85.2","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/616"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["American Civil Liberties Union of Virginia"],"creator_ssim":["American Civil Liberties Union of Virginia"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","American Civil Liberties Union of Virginia"],"creators_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","American Civil Liberties Union of Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["Because of the nature of this collection, copyright status varies across the materials. Copyright is assumed to be held by the original creators of the content."],"acqinfo_ssim":["In 1985, the executive director of the ACLU of Virginia, Chan Kendrick, approved the transfer of the existing ACLU collection from the University of Virginia's Alderman Library to the Arthur J. Morris Law Library. Then in 1986, the ACLU transferred additional materials directly to the Law Library."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Academic freedom -- United States","Apportionment (Election law) -- Virginia","Capital punishment -- Virginia","Children -- Legal status, laws, etc. -- Virginia","Civil rights -- United States","Draft -- United States","Equal rights amendments -- United States","Legal assistance to military personnel -- Virginia","Migrant agricultural laborers -- Virginia","People with mental disabilities -- Institutional care -- Virginia","Prisoners -- Legal status, laws, etc. -- Virginia","Religion in the public schools -- Law and legislation -- Virginia","Sex discrimination against women -- Law and legislation -- United States","Students -- Legal status, laws, etc. -- Virginia","Vietnam War, 1961-1975 -- Draft resisters -- United States","Women's rights -- United States","Race discrimination -- Law and legislation -- Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Academic freedom -- United States","Apportionment (Election law) -- Virginia","Capital punishment -- Virginia","Children -- Legal status, laws, etc. -- Virginia","Civil rights -- United States","Draft -- United States","Equal rights amendments -- United States","Legal assistance to military personnel -- Virginia","Migrant agricultural laborers -- Virginia","People with mental disabilities -- Institutional care -- Virginia","Prisoners -- Legal status, laws, etc. -- Virginia","Religion in the public schools -- Law and legislation -- Virginia","Sex discrimination against women -- Law and legislation -- United States","Students -- Legal status, laws, etc. -- Virginia","Vietnam War, 1961-1975 -- Draft resisters -- United States","Women's rights -- United States","Race discrimination -- Law and legislation -- Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["120 Cubic Feet 254 archival boxes"],"extent_tesim":["120 Cubic Feet 254 archival boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eto many of the materials in the ACLU of Virginia papers is restricted. Some documents are open to researchers, but most are either closed by law or require special permissions from the ACLU of Virginia. The restrictions that govern this collection are described below. They ensure the Law Library's compliance with applicable laws and institutional policies as well as the conditions of the ACLU's donation of these records to the University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph\u003eOpen to Researchers:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may view public documents in the collection without additional permissions. These include public court records, such as briefs, transcripts, and judgments. They also include press releases and media coverage of cases. Any public documents marked with attorney notes may be considered work-product privileged records and they are restricted.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph\u003eClosed to Researchers:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.\tAttorney-Client Privileged Records: Any item documenting communications between an attorney and a client or potential client. This includes but is not limited to written correspondence, memoranda to the file, notes, or any report of communication to or from a client or potential client. These records may be opened to researchers if the client or the client's legal representative waives the privilege in writing, and the ACLU of Virginia approves the release.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2.\tClassified Documents: These materials will remain closed until they are declassified. After which time, access may need to be approved by the ACLU of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3.\tDocuments Placed Under Seal of Court or Protective Order: These materials will remain closed until they are unsealed and/or the protective order is modified. After which time, access may need to be approved by the ACLU of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4.\tDocuments Identifying Anonymous Clients: Any documents identifying an anonymous or pseudonymous client will remain closed unless the client or the client's legal representative approves opening them in writing. After client approval, the ACLU of Virginia must also approve access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e5.\tTerms of a Confidential Settlement: Materials documenting terms of a confidential settlement will remain closed unless the parties involved waive their privilege to confidentiality in writing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e6.\tPersonnel Records: Records which deal with personnel issues, whether in personnel files or in other files maintained by the ACLU of Virginia, shall be closed until 75 years after their creation. When scattered personnel records are present in open files, they shall be governed by this paragraph. This restriction shall not apply if the person or persons to whom the record applies have given their permission in writing to disclose said information. Also, the ACLU of Virginia must approve the release of the records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e7.\tPersonally Identifiable Information Not Revealed in Public Court Documents: Records containing personally identifiable information not revealed in public court documents will be closed for seventy-five years (100 years if the information pertains to children). After that time, the ACLU of Virginia must also approve access to the documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph\u003eAccess Requires ACLU-VA Approval:\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome materials in this collection may be released to researchers with the ACLU of Virginia's approval. To access these materials, researchers must submit a written request to the University of Virginia Law Library. The request must include the researcher's name, the reason for the request, and a list of the requested materials. The University of Virginia Law Library will forward written requests to the ACLU of Virginia. The Library will inform researchers when the ACLU of Virginia has either approved or denied their requests.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHere is a list of materials that may be released with the approval of the ACLU of Virginia:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.\tAdministrative Records of the ACLU-VA: These records document the ACLU-VA's operations and were maintained by its staff. These include, but are not limited to, reports, meeting minutes, agendas, memoranda, staff directories, topical files, project files, and other materials that do not contain information strictly closed to researchers (e.g., personnel records). These records are strictly closed for 20 years after creation or 10 years after their deposit in the UVA Law Library, whichever is later, but in no case for more than 30 years after the creation of the record. After these times, records may be released with the ACLU of Virginia's approval.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2.\tWork-Product Privileged Records: These records, most often found in case files, include correspondence, memoranda, drafts of briefs, written statements of witnesses, notes of mental impressions, personal recollections, and other materials prepared or created by ACLU attorneys while working on a case. These records are strictly closed for 20 years after the closure of the associated case or cases. After that time, they may be released with the ACLU-VA's approval. Any materials documenting communications with clients or potential clients remain protected by attorney-client privilege when mixed with work-product privileged records.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["to many of the materials in the ACLU of Virginia papers is restricted. Some documents are open to researchers, but most are either closed by law or require special permissions from the ACLU of Virginia. The restrictions that govern this collection are described below. They ensure the Law Library's compliance with applicable laws and institutional policies as well as the conditions of the ACLU's donation of these records to the University of Virginia.","Open to Researchers:","Researchers may view public documents in the collection without additional permissions. These include public court records, such as briefs, transcripts, and judgments. They also include press releases and media coverage of cases. Any public documents marked with attorney notes may be considered work-product privileged records and they are restricted.","Closed to Researchers:","1.\tAttorney-Client Privileged Records: Any item documenting communications between an attorney and a client or potential client. This includes but is not limited to written correspondence, memoranda to the file, notes, or any report of communication to or from a client or potential client. These records may be opened to researchers if the client or the client's legal representative waives the privilege in writing, and the ACLU of Virginia approves the release.","2.\tClassified Documents: These materials will remain closed until they are declassified. After which time, access may need to be approved by the ACLU of Virginia.","3.\tDocuments Placed Under Seal of Court or Protective Order: These materials will remain closed until they are unsealed and/or the protective order is modified. After which time, access may need to be approved by the ACLU of Virginia.","4.\tDocuments Identifying Anonymous Clients: Any documents identifying an anonymous or pseudonymous client will remain closed unless the client or the client's legal representative approves opening them in writing. After client approval, the ACLU of Virginia must also approve access.","5.\tTerms of a Confidential Settlement: Materials documenting terms of a confidential settlement will remain closed unless the parties involved waive their privilege to confidentiality in writing.","6.\tPersonnel Records: Records which deal with personnel issues, whether in personnel files or in other files maintained by the ACLU of Virginia, shall be closed until 75 years after their creation. When scattered personnel records are present in open files, they shall be governed by this paragraph. This restriction shall not apply if the person or persons to whom the record applies have given their permission in writing to disclose said information. Also, the ACLU of Virginia must approve the release of the records.","7.\tPersonally Identifiable Information Not Revealed in Public Court Documents: Records containing personally identifiable information not revealed in public court documents will be closed for seventy-five years (100 years if the information pertains to children). After that time, the ACLU of Virginia must also approve access to the documents.","Requires ACLU-VA Approval:","Some materials in this collection may be released to researchers with the ACLU of Virginia's approval. To access these materials, researchers must submit a written request to the University of Virginia Law Library. The request must include the researcher's name, the reason for the request, and a list of the requested materials. The University of Virginia Law Library will forward written requests to the ACLU of Virginia. The Library will inform researchers when the ACLU of Virginia has either approved or denied their requests.","Here is a list of materials that may be released with the approval of the ACLU of Virginia:","1.\tAdministrative Records of the ACLU-VA: These records document the ACLU-VA's operations and were maintained by its staff. These include, but are not limited to, reports, meeting minutes, agendas, memoranda, staff directories, topical files, project files, and other materials that do not contain information strictly closed to researchers (e.g., personnel records). These records are strictly closed for 20 years after creation or 10 years after their deposit in the UVA Law Library, whichever is later, but in no case for more than 30 years after the creation of the record. After these times, records may be released with the ACLU of Virginia's approval.","2.\tWork-Product Privileged Records: These records, most often found in case files, include correspondence, memoranda, drafts of briefs, written statements of witnesses, notes of mental impressions, personal recollections, and other materials prepared or created by ACLU attorneys while working on a case. These records are strictly closed for 20 years after the closure of the associated case or cases. After that time, they may be released with the ACLU-VA's approval. Any materials documenting communications with clients or potential clients remain protected by attorney-client privilege when mixed with work-product privileged records."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is generally arranged into series and subseries according to the date of accession at the University of Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe first series contains materials that the ACLU-VA transferred to Alderman Library in nine installments. In 1988, archivists separated some of these materials into a tenth \"restricted\" subseries. The second series contains materials that the ACLU-VA directly transferred to the Arthur J. Morris Law Library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe arrangement of items and files in the series and sub-series generally corresponds to their original order at the ACLU of Virginia's offices.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is generally arranged into series and subseries according to the date of accession at the University of Virginia.","The first series contains materials that the ACLU-VA transferred to Alderman Library in nine installments. In 1988, archivists separated some of these materials into a tenth \"restricted\" subseries. The second series contains materials that the ACLU-VA directly transferred to the Arthur J. Morris Law Library.","The arrangement of items and files in the series and sub-series generally corresponds to their original order at the ACLU of Virginia's offices."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe ACLU of Virginia was begun in 1967, and by early 1968 had 1700 members. In that year, the National Development Council of the ACLU approved a grant proposal from the Virginia affiliate for funds to hire permanent staff. Between 1967 and 1985, the executive directorship had been held consecutively by Lauren Selden, Shalom Dubow, Betsy Brinson, and Chan Kendrick.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the period documented in this collection, the ACLU of Virginia supported the rights of children, the intellectually disabled, students, women, homosexuals, and racial minorities. It funded projects to effect improvements in the treatment and living conditions of patients in the state's mental institutions, and migrant farmworkers on the Eastern Shore. It opposed religion in public schools, illegal police searches, and the imposition of dress or hair length codes in schools or the work place. In the General Assembly, the Virginia affiliate fought for the Equal Rights Amendment, the right to abortion, reapportionment, and certain court reforms and changes in the juvenile code. The organization was an active advocate for academic freedom and for the protection of individuals' privacy. It pushed for reform of drug laws and called for the end of capital punishment. The most extensive and visible project for Virginia's ACLU in the 1970's and early 1980's was the prison project. The prison project was a movement to insure adequate legal protection of inmates, as well as to improve their living conditions and treatment.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The ACLU of Virginia was begun in 1967, and by early 1968 had 1700 members. In that year, the National Development Council of the ACLU approved a grant proposal from the Virginia affiliate for funds to hire permanent staff. Between 1967 and 1985, the executive directorship had been held consecutively by Lauren Selden, Shalom Dubow, Betsy Brinson, and Chan Kendrick.","During the period documented in this collection, the ACLU of Virginia supported the rights of children, the intellectually disabled, students, women, homosexuals, and racial minorities. It funded projects to effect improvements in the treatment and living conditions of patients in the state's mental institutions, and migrant farmworkers on the Eastern Shore. It opposed religion in public schools, illegal police searches, and the imposition of dress or hair length codes in schools or the work place. In the General Assembly, the Virginia affiliate fought for the Equal Rights Amendment, the right to abortion, reapportionment, and certain court reforms and changes in the juvenile code. The organization was an active advocate for academic freedom and for the protection of individuals' privacy. It pushed for reform of drug laws and called for the end of capital punishment. The most extensive and visible project for Virginia's ACLU in the 1970's and early 1980's was the prison project. The prison project was a movement to insure adequate legal protection of inmates, as well as to improve their living conditions and treatment."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn nine installments, between 1971 and 1985, the ACLU of Virginia transferred much of this collection to the University of Virginia's Alderman Library. The initial installment was accessioned as #9690, and succeeding ones were numbered #9690-a, -b, etc.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["In nine installments, between 1971 and 1985, the ACLU of Virginia transferred much of this collection to the University of Virginia's Alderman Library. The initial installment was accessioned as #9690, and succeeding ones were numbered #9690-a, -b, etc."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection documents the work of the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) of Virginia between 1967 and 1984. The subjects of this collection reflect the organization's mission and priorities during that period. They relate to a wide range of issues including academic freedom; due process; the rights of children and students; racial and sexual discrimination; the military draft; religion in public schools; the rights of women; the rights of prisoners; state reapportionment; the rights of the mentally disabled; and the rights of migrant workers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eACLU of Virginia staff members created and maintained the records in this collection, which include meeting minutes, correspondence, personnel records, reports, press releases, broadsides, memoranda, case files, project files, and topical files. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection documents the work of the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) of Virginia between 1967 and 1984. The subjects of this collection reflect the organization's mission and priorities during that period. They relate to a wide range of issues including academic freedom; due process; the rights of children and students; racial and sexual discrimination; the military draft; religion in public schools; the rights of women; the rights of prisoners; state reapportionment; the rights of the mentally disabled; and the rights of migrant workers.","ACLU of Virginia staff members created and maintained the records in this collection, which include meeting minutes, correspondence, personnel records, reports, press releases, broadsides, memoranda, case files, project files, and topical files."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBecause of the nature of this collection, copyright status varies across the materials. Copyright is assumed to be held by the original creators of the content.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Because of the nature of this collection, copyright status varies across the materials. Copyright is assumed to be held by the original creators of the content."],"corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","American Civil Liberties Union of Virginia"],"names_coll_ssim":["American Civil Liberties Union of Virginia"],"names_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","American Civil Liberties Union of Virginia"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1115,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-15T00:04:49.439Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_616"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_207","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Donald Black papers, 1935/2023","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_207#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Black, Donald J., 1941-","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_207#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains items from Donald Black's life and career, spanning from the 1930s up until 2023, ranging from personal memorabilia from his high school years, to his research in graduate school, to drafts of his major published works, to his professional involvement as a leader in sociology and professor at the University of Virginia, including forthright and meaningful correspondence with colleagues and adversaries about sociology theories from academic institutions across the world leading up to his retirement from the University of Virginia in 2016. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_207#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_207","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_207","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_207","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_207","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_207.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/182","title_filing_ssi":"Black, Donald, papers","title_ssm":["Donald Black papers"],"title_tesim":["Donald Black papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1935-2023"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1935-2023"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1935/2023"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Donald Black papers, 1935/2023"],"text":["Donald Black papers, 1935/2023","MSS 15031","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/207","homosexuality -- social aspects","sociological jurisprudence","deviant behavior","social control","social conflict","sociology","justice, administration of","police reports -- United States","criminal statistics--United States","police -- United States","right and wrong","crime -- United States","sociology of crime, law, and deviance","morality and society","Race discrimination -- Law and legislation -- Virginia","The collection is open for access with the following exceptions:\nAccess restrictions apply to specific personal records under the terms of the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (F.E.R.P.A.) for all materials in Box 37. These materials will remain closed until about 2077.","Folders 7-11 in Box 55 are also restricted.","There are 22 mini DV's in this collection. Appointments must be made in advance to use media formats such as LPs, audiotapes, videotapes, films, CDs, and DVDs held by Special Collections. In most cases, materials must be reformatted before they can be accessed, sometimes at the researcher's expense. Please contact Special Collections via our online Reference Request form, https://small.library.virginia.edu/services/reference-request, to request access to these materials. Access cannot be guaranteed unless prior arrangements have been made.","Series I is on academic writings from Black and other scholars. It is split between two Sub-Series: Sub-Series A is on works either solely by Black, or works collaborated on by Black and other scholars, and Sub-Series B contains work solely by other scholars. Series I runs from box 1-17. Series II contains files and papers from Black's involvement in the professional and academic worlds of sociology and universities. Series II runs from box 17-21. Series III pertains to Donald Black's personal life. Series III runs from box 21-25. Series IV contains correspondence with organizations and correspondence on certain topics. Series IV runs from box 25-36. Series V contains restricted items, and is the only series in box 37. Box 38 houses a sociology t-shirt. The recent additions (boxes 39-55) to this collection are in a new series titled Additions and have subseries that are similar to the original arrangement. Subseries 1. Academic Writings. Subseries 2. Professional and University Involvement. Series 3.Personal papers and materials Series 4.Correspondence. Series 5.Roberta Senechal de la Roche papers","Some folders contain groupings of files that remain as-is from their arrangement by Black, while others contain files compounded into a more comprehensive grouping from different sources. \nSome items may be cross referenced under different series. For example, there is correspondence with Stanley Holowitz under both his personal file as well as under the topical files on correspondence with Academic Press.","Donald Black was a world renowned theoretical sociologist and University Professor Emeritus of the Social Sciences at the University of Virginia from 1985-2016. Born in 1941, he received his bachelor's degree from Indiana University in 1963, his master's degree from the University of Michigan in 1965, and his PhD in sociology from Michigan University in 1968. Before coming to the University of Virginia in 1985, he was at both Yale University as a post-doctoral Russell Sage Fellow from 1968-1970, and then taught at Harvard University in their Sociology Department and Law School. In 1989 he attained the position as a University Professor, allowing him to teach in any department or school at the University including the Law School. From 1986-1989 he also served as the Department Chair of Sociology.","Black was known for his study of the sociology of ideas and scienticity (the degree to which ideas are testable, valid, and original). His most important early work included \"The Behavior of Law\" (Emerald Publishing 1976), which advanced what is still the only general sociological theory of law--\"behavior of law\"—which is what people do in the name of law, including illegal acts as a way to manage conflict and assert grievances, particularly when legal protections are perceived as failing. He created the theory of \"Pure Sociology\" which explains social life by studying deviant behavior as a system of social control rather than a set of rules.  It is different from psychology because it makes no presumptions about an individuals experience. His work, particularly \"Crime as Social Control\"(American Sociological Review 1983), argues that crime can be a form of \"self-help\" to achieve justice, and it explains the variation in legal responses (like arrests) through social structures such as too much intimacy or lack of intimacy related to conflicts. Unlike most sociologists, he rejected psychological approaches and drew on  anthropological and historical materials and modern data, allowing him to explain variation in social behavior in all societies and across time. He extended his work to the larger universe of conflict management—including violence, avoidance, and toleration—which culminated in his major midcareer work, \"The Social Structure of Right and Wrong\" (Academic Press 1993). Black broke still more fresh ground with a third major opus, \"Moral Time\" (Oxford University Press 2011), which presented a radically new general and testable theory of the causes of conflict. He authored a series of brilliant publications, including the \"The Manners and Customs of the Police\" (Academic Press 1981), \"Sociological Justice' (Oxford University Press 1993), \"The Geometry of Terrorism\" in Sociological Theory (2004), and \"The Epistemology of Pure Sociology\".","He was a fellow of the American Society of Criminology and the American Anthropological Association. In 2013, he received the Law and Society Association Harry Kalven Jr. Prize for outstanding scholarship. He received several awards from the American Sociological Association (ASA) and its Sections. In 1994, he received both the ASA Theory Section's Theory Prize and the Section on the Sociology of Law's Distinguished Book Award, for \"The Social Structure of Right and Wrong\". He was also the recipient of the ASA Section on the Sociology of Law's Distinguished Article Award in 1997 for \"The Epistemology of Pure Sociology\" (Law \u0026 Social Inquiry 1995) and the recipient of the ASA Section on Altruism, Morality, and Social Solidarity inaugural Outstanding Published Book Award in 2012 for \"Moral Time\". In addition, several of his books have been translated into other languages.  He was invited to lecture in numerous countries abroad, including Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Holland, France, Scotland, England, Poland, and Japan. He was on the editorial board for scholarly journals and edited his own series on \"Studies on Law and Social Control\" for Oxford Press.","Black was also a charismatic teacher who influenced many students of sociology. According to Mark Cooney, \"His classes were an intellectual treat for he saw teaching as an opportunity to develop new ideas.\" Beyond the classroom, he was an inspiring mentor ready to offer advice and encouragement, especially to younger scholars. He retired from the University of Virginia in 2016 and died in January 2024.","The collection also includes the papers of Roberta Senechal de la Roche, (spouse of Donald Black) and an American historian, sociologist, retired professor from Washington and Lee University, and poet born in western Maine and raised in upstate New York. She graduated from the University of Southern Maine and the University of Virginia, where she received a doctoral degree in history.  As a historian and sociologist, she specialized in studying theory on collective violence and social history. Her first major publication, originally titled \"The Sociogenesis of a Race Riot\", was later renamed \"In Lincoln's Shadow: The Springfield Race Riot of 1908\". The book examines the two-day race riot in Springfield, Illinois, which resulted in the displacement of thousands of Black residents, destruction of their businesses and homes, and brutal killings of two African Americans. Her work won two distinguished prizes, cementing her contribution to the field. She taught courses on the American gilded age, the history of violence in America, the history of women in America, and a seminar on modern terrorism.","Roberta was inspired by the sociological approach in \"Salem Possessed\", which used detailed social profiles to uncover community conflicts during the Salem Witch Trials. As a graduate student at the University of Virginia, she sought a similarly researchable topic in the field of collective violence. She chose the Springfield riot for its historical significance as Abraham Lincoln's hometown and its underexplored status in academic literature. Over eight years, she meticulously analyzed the dynamics of the riot, profiling both the perpetrators and victims and uncovering patterns that challenged prevailing social strain theories of violence. Her long standing interest is in non-state unilateral collective violence, such as rioting, lynching, terrorism, and vigilantism.","She is also a poet of Miꞌkmaq and French- Canadian descent. Her poems have appeared in the Colorado Review; Vallum; Glass: A Journal of Poetry; Yemassee, Blue Mountain Review, Sequestrum, and Cold Mountain Review, among others. She has two prize-winning chapbooks: Blind Flowers (Arcadia Press) and After Eden (Heartland Review Press, 2019). A third chapbook, Winter Light, and her first book, Going Fast (2019) are published by David Robert Books.","Sources:\nCooney, Mark. \"Donald Black\" Member News \u0026 Notes. American Sociological Association, May 2024.\nhttps://www.asanet.org/member-news-notes-may-2024/#obituary","Roberta Senechal de la Roche's website.\nhttps://www.wlu.edu/profile/senechal-roberta","The Donald Black papers were received in increments over a period of years and have been interfiled except for the most recent additions which have been added as a series at the end.","This collection contains items from Donald Black's life and career, spanning from the 1930s up until 2023, ranging from personal memorabilia from his high school years, to his research in graduate school, to drafts of his major published works, to his professional involvement as a leader in sociology and professor at the University of Virginia, including forthright and meaningful correspondence with colleagues and adversaries about sociology theories from academic institutions across the world leading up to his retirement from the University of Virginia in 2016.","His papers include his academic writings, manuscripts, conference papers and lectures, course readings, examination questions, syllabi, correspondence with students and colleagues, personal journals, and notes about ground breaking theories that he created in the fields of sociology, law, and criminology. They reveal the passionate, intellectual and personal thought processes of a dedicated scholar and professor who led a new way of thinking about sociology as a scientific approach to understanding social conditions, particularly situations involving conflict, by creating a model that was designed to be testable and that veered away from psychology and the study of the individual.","Roberta Senechal de la Roche papers are included in Subseries 5 of the collection. She was a full professor at Washington and Lee University where she taught sociology, history, and social history. Included are her articles, manuscripts, lectures, conference talks, correspondence with colleagues, and correspondence between her and Donald Black. Her published works of poetry have been catalogued separately.","Printed monographs and offprints in this collection have been catalogued and housed separately. Each catalogue record has the following local note: SPECIAL COLLECTIONS: Gift of Donald J. Black. From the Papers of Donald Black, MSS 15031.","This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use materials in the collection in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Black, Donald J., 1941-","Senechal de la Roche, Roberta, 1950-","Mileski, Maureen, 1944-","Baumgartner, M. P. (Baumgartner, Mary Pat), 1953-","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Donald Black papers, 1935/2023"],"collection_ssim":["Donald Black papers, 1935/2023"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 15031","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/207"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 15031","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/207"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["homosexuality -- social aspects"],"geogname_ssim":["homosexuality -- social aspects"],"places_ssim":["homosexuality -- social aspects"],"creator_ssm":["Black, Donald J., 1941-"],"creator_ssim":["Black, Donald J., 1941-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Black, Donald J., 1941-","Senechal de la Roche, Roberta, 1950-","Mileski, Maureen, 1944-","Baumgartner, M. P. (Baumgartner, Mary Pat), 1953-"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"creators_ssim":["Black, Donald J., 1941-","Senechal de la Roche, Roberta, 1950-","Mileski, Maureen, 1944-","Baumgartner, M. P. (Baumgartner, Mary Pat), 1953-","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"access_terms_ssm":["This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use materials in the collection in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Donald Black papers were given by Donald Black and Roberta Senechal de la Roche to the University of Virginia Library in several installments and have all been interfiled as one collection except for the most recent additions (2018-2024) (Boxes 39-55) which have been added as new series at the end of the collection. The dates of individual gifts include July 20, 2010 and December 28, 2010; April 27, 2011, May 4, 20, and 23, 2011, June 3, 10, and 14, 2011, July 8 and 15, 2011; October 7, 2011; November 8, 2012; April 22 and August 27, 2013; June 1 and 6, 2016. The recent additions are September 23, 2018; June 20, 2019; December 3, 2020; and October 11, 2024."],"access_subjects_ssim":["sociological jurisprudence","deviant behavior","social control","social conflict","sociology","justice, administration of","police reports -- United States","criminal statistics--United States","police -- United States","right and wrong","crime -- United States","sociology of crime, law, and deviance","morality and society","Race discrimination -- Law and legislation -- Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["sociological jurisprudence","deviant behavior","social control","social conflict","sociology","justice, administration of","police reports -- United States","criminal statistics--United States","police -- United States","right and wrong","crime -- United States","sociology of crime, law, and deviance","morality and society","Race discrimination -- Law and legislation -- Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["27 Cubic Feet 55 legal document boxes, 1 artifact box, 1 oversize folder and 22 mini DV's"],"extent_tesim":["27 Cubic Feet 55 legal document boxes, 1 artifact box, 1 oversize folder and 22 mini DV's"],"date_range_isim":[1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for access with the following exceptions:\nAccess restrictions apply to specific personal records under the terms of the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (F.E.R.P.A.) for all materials in Box 37. These materials will remain closed until about 2077.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolders 7-11 in Box 55 are also restricted.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are 22 mini DV's in this collection. Appointments must be made in advance to use media formats such as LPs, audiotapes, videotapes, films, CDs, and DVDs held by Special Collections. In most cases, materials must be reformatted before they can be accessed, sometimes at the researcher's expense. Please contact Special Collections via our online Reference Request form, https://small.library.virginia.edu/services/reference-request, to request access to these materials. Access cannot be guaranteed unless prior arrangements have been made.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for access with the following exceptions:\nAccess restrictions apply to specific personal records under the terms of the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (F.E.R.P.A.) for all materials in Box 37. These materials will remain closed until about 2077.","Folders 7-11 in Box 55 are also restricted.","There are 22 mini DV's in this collection. Appointments must be made in advance to use media formats such as LPs, audiotapes, videotapes, films, CDs, and DVDs held by Special Collections. In most cases, materials must be reformatted before they can be accessed, sometimes at the researcher's expense. Please contact Special Collections via our online Reference Request form, https://small.library.virginia.edu/services/reference-request, to request access to these materials. Access cannot be guaranteed unless prior arrangements have been made."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I is on academic writings from Black and other scholars. It is split between two Sub-Series: Sub-Series A is on works either solely by Black, or works collaborated on by Black and other scholars, and Sub-Series B contains work solely by other scholars. Series I runs from box 1-17. Series II contains files and papers from Black's involvement in the professional and academic worlds of sociology and universities. Series II runs from box 17-21. Series III pertains to Donald Black's personal life. Series III runs from box 21-25. Series IV contains correspondence with organizations and correspondence on certain topics. Series IV runs from box 25-36. Series V contains restricted items, and is the only series in box 37. Box 38 houses a sociology t-shirt. The recent additions (boxes 39-55) to this collection are in a new series titled Additions and have subseries that are similar to the original arrangement. Subseries 1. Academic Writings. Subseries 2. Professional and University Involvement. Series 3.Personal papers and materials Series 4.Correspondence. Series 5.Roberta Senechal de la Roche papers\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome folders contain groupings of files that remain as-is from their arrangement by Black, while others contain files compounded into a more comprehensive grouping from different sources. \nSome items may be cross referenced under different series. For example, there is correspondence with Stanley Holowitz under both his personal file as well as under the topical files on correspondence with Academic Press. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I is on academic writings from Black and other scholars. It is split between two Sub-Series: Sub-Series A is on works either solely by Black, or works collaborated on by Black and other scholars, and Sub-Series B contains work solely by other scholars. Series I runs from box 1-17. Series II contains files and papers from Black's involvement in the professional and academic worlds of sociology and universities. Series II runs from box 17-21. Series III pertains to Donald Black's personal life. Series III runs from box 21-25. Series IV contains correspondence with organizations and correspondence on certain topics. Series IV runs from box 25-36. Series V contains restricted items, and is the only series in box 37. Box 38 houses a sociology t-shirt. The recent additions (boxes 39-55) to this collection are in a new series titled Additions and have subseries that are similar to the original arrangement. Subseries 1. Academic Writings. Subseries 2. Professional and University Involvement. Series 3.Personal papers and materials Series 4.Correspondence. Series 5.Roberta Senechal de la Roche papers","Some folders contain groupings of files that remain as-is from their arrangement by Black, while others contain files compounded into a more comprehensive grouping from different sources. \nSome items may be cross referenced under different series. For example, there is correspondence with Stanley Holowitz under both his personal file as well as under the topical files on correspondence with Academic Press."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDonald Black was a world renowned theoretical sociologist and University Professor Emeritus of the Social Sciences at the University of Virginia from 1985-2016. Born in 1941, he received his bachelor's degree from Indiana University in 1963, his master's degree from the University of Michigan in 1965, and his PhD in sociology from Michigan University in 1968. Before coming to the University of Virginia in 1985, he was at both Yale University as a post-doctoral Russell Sage Fellow from 1968-1970, and then taught at Harvard University in their Sociology Department and Law School. In 1989 he attained the position as a University Professor, allowing him to teach in any department or school at the University including the Law School. From 1986-1989 he also served as the Department Chair of Sociology. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack was known for his study of the sociology of ideas and scienticity (the degree to which ideas are testable, valid, and original). His most important early work included \"The Behavior of Law\" (Emerald Publishing 1976), which advanced what is still the only general sociological theory of law--\"behavior of law\"—which is what people do in the name of law, including illegal acts as a way to manage conflict and assert grievances, particularly when legal protections are perceived as failing. He created the theory of \"Pure Sociology\" which explains social life by studying deviant behavior as a system of social control rather than a set of rules.  It is different from psychology because it makes no presumptions about an individuals experience. His work, particularly \"Crime as Social Control\"(American Sociological Review 1983), argues that crime can be a form of \"self-help\" to achieve justice, and it explains the variation in legal responses (like arrests) through social structures such as too much intimacy or lack of intimacy related to conflicts. Unlike most sociologists, he rejected psychological approaches and drew on  anthropological and historical materials and modern data, allowing him to explain variation in social behavior in all societies and across time. He extended his work to the larger universe of conflict management—including violence, avoidance, and toleration—which culminated in his major midcareer work, \"The Social Structure of Right and Wrong\" (Academic Press 1993). Black broke still more fresh ground with a third major opus, \"Moral Time\" (Oxford University Press 2011), which presented a radically new general and testable theory of the causes of conflict. He authored a series of brilliant publications, including the \"The Manners and Customs of the Police\" (Academic Press 1981), \"Sociological Justice' (Oxford University Press 1993), \"The Geometry of Terrorism\" in Sociological Theory (2004), and \"The Epistemology of Pure Sociology\". \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe was a fellow of the American Society of Criminology and the American Anthropological Association. In 2013, he received the Law and Society Association Harry Kalven Jr. Prize for outstanding scholarship. He received several awards from the American Sociological Association (ASA) and its Sections. In 1994, he received both the ASA Theory Section's Theory Prize and the Section on the Sociology of Law's Distinguished Book Award, for \"The Social Structure of Right and Wrong\". He was also the recipient of the ASA Section on the Sociology of Law's Distinguished Article Award in 1997 for \"The Epistemology of Pure Sociology\" (Law \u0026amp; Social Inquiry 1995) and the recipient of the ASA Section on Altruism, Morality, and Social Solidarity inaugural Outstanding Published Book Award in 2012 for \"Moral Time\". In addition, several of his books have been translated into other languages.  He was invited to lecture in numerous countries abroad, including Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Holland, France, Scotland, England, Poland, and Japan. He was on the editorial board for scholarly journals and edited his own series on \"Studies on Law and Social Control\" for Oxford Press.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack was also a charismatic teacher who influenced many students of sociology. According to Mark Cooney, \"His classes were an intellectual treat for he saw teaching as an opportunity to develop new ideas.\" Beyond the classroom, he was an inspiring mentor ready to offer advice and encouragement, especially to younger scholars. He retired from the University of Virginia in 2016 and died in January 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also includes the papers of Roberta Senechal de la Roche, (spouse of Donald Black) and an American historian, sociologist, retired professor from Washington and Lee University, and poet born in western Maine and raised in upstate New York. She graduated from the University of Southern Maine and the University of Virginia, where she received a doctoral degree in history.  As a historian and sociologist, she specialized in studying theory on collective violence and social history. Her first major publication, originally titled \"The Sociogenesis of a Race Riot\", was later renamed \"In Lincoln's Shadow: The Springfield Race Riot of 1908\". The book examines the two-day race riot in Springfield, Illinois, which resulted in the displacement of thousands of Black residents, destruction of their businesses and homes, and brutal killings of two African Americans. Her work won two distinguished prizes, cementing her contribution to the field. She taught courses on the American gilded age, the history of violence in America, the history of women in America, and a seminar on modern terrorism. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRoberta was inspired by the sociological approach in \"Salem Possessed\", which used detailed social profiles to uncover community conflicts during the Salem Witch Trials. As a graduate student at the University of Virginia, she sought a similarly researchable topic in the field of collective violence. She chose the Springfield riot for its historical significance as Abraham Lincoln's hometown and its underexplored status in academic literature. Over eight years, she meticulously analyzed the dynamics of the riot, profiling both the perpetrators and victims and uncovering patterns that challenged prevailing social strain theories of violence. Her long standing interest is in non-state unilateral collective violence, such as rioting, lynching, terrorism, and vigilantism.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShe is also a poet of Miꞌkmaq and French- Canadian descent. Her poems have appeared in the Colorado Review; Vallum; Glass: A Journal of Poetry; Yemassee, Blue Mountain Review, Sequestrum, and Cold Mountain Review, among others. She has two prize-winning chapbooks: Blind Flowers (Arcadia Press) and After Eden (Heartland Review Press, 2019). A third chapbook, Winter Light, and her first book, Going Fast (2019) are published by David Robert Books.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nSources:\nCooney, Mark. \"Donald Black\" Member News \u0026amp; Notes. American Sociological Association, May 2024.\nhttps://www.asanet.org/member-news-notes-may-2024/#obituary\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRoberta Senechal de la Roche's website.\nhttps://www.wlu.edu/profile/senechal-roberta\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Donald Black was a world renowned theoretical sociologist and University Professor Emeritus of the Social Sciences at the University of Virginia from 1985-2016. Born in 1941, he received his bachelor's degree from Indiana University in 1963, his master's degree from the University of Michigan in 1965, and his PhD in sociology from Michigan University in 1968. Before coming to the University of Virginia in 1985, he was at both Yale University as a post-doctoral Russell Sage Fellow from 1968-1970, and then taught at Harvard University in their Sociology Department and Law School. In 1989 he attained the position as a University Professor, allowing him to teach in any department or school at the University including the Law School. From 1986-1989 he also served as the Department Chair of Sociology.","Black was known for his study of the sociology of ideas and scienticity (the degree to which ideas are testable, valid, and original). His most important early work included \"The Behavior of Law\" (Emerald Publishing 1976), which advanced what is still the only general sociological theory of law--\"behavior of law\"—which is what people do in the name of law, including illegal acts as a way to manage conflict and assert grievances, particularly when legal protections are perceived as failing. He created the theory of \"Pure Sociology\" which explains social life by studying deviant behavior as a system of social control rather than a set of rules.  It is different from psychology because it makes no presumptions about an individuals experience. His work, particularly \"Crime as Social Control\"(American Sociological Review 1983), argues that crime can be a form of \"self-help\" to achieve justice, and it explains the variation in legal responses (like arrests) through social structures such as too much intimacy or lack of intimacy related to conflicts. Unlike most sociologists, he rejected psychological approaches and drew on  anthropological and historical materials and modern data, allowing him to explain variation in social behavior in all societies and across time. He extended his work to the larger universe of conflict management—including violence, avoidance, and toleration—which culminated in his major midcareer work, \"The Social Structure of Right and Wrong\" (Academic Press 1993). Black broke still more fresh ground with a third major opus, \"Moral Time\" (Oxford University Press 2011), which presented a radically new general and testable theory of the causes of conflict. He authored a series of brilliant publications, including the \"The Manners and Customs of the Police\" (Academic Press 1981), \"Sociological Justice' (Oxford University Press 1993), \"The Geometry of Terrorism\" in Sociological Theory (2004), and \"The Epistemology of Pure Sociology\".","He was a fellow of the American Society of Criminology and the American Anthropological Association. In 2013, he received the Law and Society Association Harry Kalven Jr. Prize for outstanding scholarship. He received several awards from the American Sociological Association (ASA) and its Sections. In 1994, he received both the ASA Theory Section's Theory Prize and the Section on the Sociology of Law's Distinguished Book Award, for \"The Social Structure of Right and Wrong\". He was also the recipient of the ASA Section on the Sociology of Law's Distinguished Article Award in 1997 for \"The Epistemology of Pure Sociology\" (Law \u0026 Social Inquiry 1995) and the recipient of the ASA Section on Altruism, Morality, and Social Solidarity inaugural Outstanding Published Book Award in 2012 for \"Moral Time\". In addition, several of his books have been translated into other languages.  He was invited to lecture in numerous countries abroad, including Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Holland, France, Scotland, England, Poland, and Japan. He was on the editorial board for scholarly journals and edited his own series on \"Studies on Law and Social Control\" for Oxford Press.","Black was also a charismatic teacher who influenced many students of sociology. According to Mark Cooney, \"His classes were an intellectual treat for he saw teaching as an opportunity to develop new ideas.\" Beyond the classroom, he was an inspiring mentor ready to offer advice and encouragement, especially to younger scholars. He retired from the University of Virginia in 2016 and died in January 2024.","The collection also includes the papers of Roberta Senechal de la Roche, (spouse of Donald Black) and an American historian, sociologist, retired professor from Washington and Lee University, and poet born in western Maine and raised in upstate New York. She graduated from the University of Southern Maine and the University of Virginia, where she received a doctoral degree in history.  As a historian and sociologist, she specialized in studying theory on collective violence and social history. Her first major publication, originally titled \"The Sociogenesis of a Race Riot\", was later renamed \"In Lincoln's Shadow: The Springfield Race Riot of 1908\". The book examines the two-day race riot in Springfield, Illinois, which resulted in the displacement of thousands of Black residents, destruction of their businesses and homes, and brutal killings of two African Americans. Her work won two distinguished prizes, cementing her contribution to the field. She taught courses on the American gilded age, the history of violence in America, the history of women in America, and a seminar on modern terrorism.","Roberta was inspired by the sociological approach in \"Salem Possessed\", which used detailed social profiles to uncover community conflicts during the Salem Witch Trials. As a graduate student at the University of Virginia, she sought a similarly researchable topic in the field of collective violence. She chose the Springfield riot for its historical significance as Abraham Lincoln's hometown and its underexplored status in academic literature. Over eight years, she meticulously analyzed the dynamics of the riot, profiling both the perpetrators and victims and uncovering patterns that challenged prevailing social strain theories of violence. Her long standing interest is in non-state unilateral collective violence, such as rioting, lynching, terrorism, and vigilantism.","She is also a poet of Miꞌkmaq and French- Canadian descent. Her poems have appeared in the Colorado Review; Vallum; Glass: A Journal of Poetry; Yemassee, Blue Mountain Review, Sequestrum, and Cold Mountain Review, among others. She has two prize-winning chapbooks: Blind Flowers (Arcadia Press) and After Eden (Heartland Review Press, 2019). A third chapbook, Winter Light, and her first book, Going Fast (2019) are published by David Robert Books.","Sources:\nCooney, Mark. \"Donald Black\" Member News \u0026 Notes. American Sociological Association, May 2024.\nhttps://www.asanet.org/member-news-notes-may-2024/#obituary","Roberta Senechal de la Roche's website.\nhttps://www.wlu.edu/profile/senechal-roberta"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 15031, Donald Black papers, box number, folder number, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 15031, Donald Black papers, box number, folder number, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Donald Black papers were received in increments over a period of years and have been interfiled except for the most recent additions which have been added as a series at the end.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The Donald Black papers were received in increments over a period of years and have been interfiled except for the most recent additions which have been added as a series at the end."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains items from Donald Black's life and career, spanning from the 1930s up until 2023, ranging from personal memorabilia from his high school years, to his research in graduate school, to drafts of his major published works, to his professional involvement as a leader in sociology and professor at the University of Virginia, including forthright and meaningful correspondence with colleagues and adversaries about sociology theories from academic institutions across the world leading up to his retirement from the University of Virginia in 2016. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHis papers include his academic writings, manuscripts, conference papers and lectures, course readings, examination questions, syllabi, correspondence with students and colleagues, personal journals, and notes about ground breaking theories that he created in the fields of sociology, law, and criminology. They reveal the passionate, intellectual and personal thought processes of a dedicated scholar and professor who led a new way of thinking about sociology as a scientific approach to understanding social conditions, particularly situations involving conflict, by creating a model that was designed to be testable and that veered away from psychology and the study of the individual.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRoberta Senechal de la Roche papers are included in Subseries 5 of the collection. She was a full professor at Washington and Lee University where she taught sociology, history, and social history. Included are her articles, manuscripts, lectures, conference talks, correspondence with colleagues, and correspondence between her and Donald Black. Her published works of poetry have been catalogued separately.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains items from Donald Black's life and career, spanning from the 1930s up until 2023, ranging from personal memorabilia from his high school years, to his research in graduate school, to drafts of his major published works, to his professional involvement as a leader in sociology and professor at the University of Virginia, including forthright and meaningful correspondence with colleagues and adversaries about sociology theories from academic institutions across the world leading up to his retirement from the University of Virginia in 2016.","His papers include his academic writings, manuscripts, conference papers and lectures, course readings, examination questions, syllabi, correspondence with students and colleagues, personal journals, and notes about ground breaking theories that he created in the fields of sociology, law, and criminology. They reveal the passionate, intellectual and personal thought processes of a dedicated scholar and professor who led a new way of thinking about sociology as a scientific approach to understanding social conditions, particularly situations involving conflict, by creating a model that was designed to be testable and that veered away from psychology and the study of the individual.","Roberta Senechal de la Roche papers are included in Subseries 5 of the collection. She was a full professor at Washington and Lee University where she taught sociology, history, and social history. Included are her articles, manuscripts, lectures, conference talks, correspondence with colleagues, and correspondence between her and Donald Black. Her published works of poetry have been catalogued separately."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePrinted monographs and offprints in this collection have been catalogued and housed separately. Each catalogue record has the following local note: SPECIAL COLLECTIONS: Gift of Donald J. Black. From the Papers of Donald Black, MSS 15031.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Printed monographs and offprints in this collection have been catalogued and housed separately. Each catalogue record has the following local note: SPECIAL COLLECTIONS: Gift of Donald J. Black. From the Papers of Donald Black, MSS 15031."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use materials in the collection in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use materials in the collection in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s)."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"persname_ssim":["Black, Donald J., 1941-","Senechal de la Roche, Roberta, 1950-","Mileski, Maureen, 1944-","Baumgartner, M. P. (Baumgartner, Mary Pat), 1953-"],"names_coll_ssim":["Black, Donald J., 1941-","Senechal de la Roche, Roberta, 1950-","Mileski, Maureen, 1944-","Baumgartner, M. P. (Baumgartner, Mary Pat), 1953-"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Black, Donald J., 1941-","Senechal de la Roche, Roberta, 1950-","Mileski, Maureen, 1944-","Baumgartner, M. P. (Baumgartner, Mary Pat), 1953-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":761,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:53:58.310Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_207","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_207","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_207","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_207","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_207.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/182","title_filing_ssi":"Black, Donald, papers","title_ssm":["Donald Black papers"],"title_tesim":["Donald Black papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1935-2023"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1935-2023"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1935/2023"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Donald Black papers, 1935/2023"],"text":["Donald Black papers, 1935/2023","MSS 15031","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/207","homosexuality -- social aspects","sociological jurisprudence","deviant behavior","social control","social conflict","sociology","justice, administration of","police reports -- United States","criminal statistics--United States","police -- United States","right and wrong","crime -- United States","sociology of crime, law, and deviance","morality and society","Race discrimination -- Law and legislation -- Virginia","The collection is open for access with the following exceptions:\nAccess restrictions apply to specific personal records under the terms of the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (F.E.R.P.A.) for all materials in Box 37. These materials will remain closed until about 2077.","Folders 7-11 in Box 55 are also restricted.","There are 22 mini DV's in this collection. Appointments must be made in advance to use media formats such as LPs, audiotapes, videotapes, films, CDs, and DVDs held by Special Collections. In most cases, materials must be reformatted before they can be accessed, sometimes at the researcher's expense. Please contact Special Collections via our online Reference Request form, https://small.library.virginia.edu/services/reference-request, to request access to these materials. Access cannot be guaranteed unless prior arrangements have been made.","Series I is on academic writings from Black and other scholars. It is split between two Sub-Series: Sub-Series A is on works either solely by Black, or works collaborated on by Black and other scholars, and Sub-Series B contains work solely by other scholars. Series I runs from box 1-17. Series II contains files and papers from Black's involvement in the professional and academic worlds of sociology and universities. Series II runs from box 17-21. Series III pertains to Donald Black's personal life. Series III runs from box 21-25. Series IV contains correspondence with organizations and correspondence on certain topics. Series IV runs from box 25-36. Series V contains restricted items, and is the only series in box 37. Box 38 houses a sociology t-shirt. The recent additions (boxes 39-55) to this collection are in a new series titled Additions and have subseries that are similar to the original arrangement. Subseries 1. Academic Writings. Subseries 2. Professional and University Involvement. Series 3.Personal papers and materials Series 4.Correspondence. Series 5.Roberta Senechal de la Roche papers","Some folders contain groupings of files that remain as-is from their arrangement by Black, while others contain files compounded into a more comprehensive grouping from different sources. \nSome items may be cross referenced under different series. For example, there is correspondence with Stanley Holowitz under both his personal file as well as under the topical files on correspondence with Academic Press.","Donald Black was a world renowned theoretical sociologist and University Professor Emeritus of the Social Sciences at the University of Virginia from 1985-2016. Born in 1941, he received his bachelor's degree from Indiana University in 1963, his master's degree from the University of Michigan in 1965, and his PhD in sociology from Michigan University in 1968. Before coming to the University of Virginia in 1985, he was at both Yale University as a post-doctoral Russell Sage Fellow from 1968-1970, and then taught at Harvard University in their Sociology Department and Law School. In 1989 he attained the position as a University Professor, allowing him to teach in any department or school at the University including the Law School. From 1986-1989 he also served as the Department Chair of Sociology.","Black was known for his study of the sociology of ideas and scienticity (the degree to which ideas are testable, valid, and original). His most important early work included \"The Behavior of Law\" (Emerald Publishing 1976), which advanced what is still the only general sociological theory of law--\"behavior of law\"—which is what people do in the name of law, including illegal acts as a way to manage conflict and assert grievances, particularly when legal protections are perceived as failing. He created the theory of \"Pure Sociology\" which explains social life by studying deviant behavior as a system of social control rather than a set of rules.  It is different from psychology because it makes no presumptions about an individuals experience. His work, particularly \"Crime as Social Control\"(American Sociological Review 1983), argues that crime can be a form of \"self-help\" to achieve justice, and it explains the variation in legal responses (like arrests) through social structures such as too much intimacy or lack of intimacy related to conflicts. Unlike most sociologists, he rejected psychological approaches and drew on  anthropological and historical materials and modern data, allowing him to explain variation in social behavior in all societies and across time. He extended his work to the larger universe of conflict management—including violence, avoidance, and toleration—which culminated in his major midcareer work, \"The Social Structure of Right and Wrong\" (Academic Press 1993). Black broke still more fresh ground with a third major opus, \"Moral Time\" (Oxford University Press 2011), which presented a radically new general and testable theory of the causes of conflict. He authored a series of brilliant publications, including the \"The Manners and Customs of the Police\" (Academic Press 1981), \"Sociological Justice' (Oxford University Press 1993), \"The Geometry of Terrorism\" in Sociological Theory (2004), and \"The Epistemology of Pure Sociology\".","He was a fellow of the American Society of Criminology and the American Anthropological Association. In 2013, he received the Law and Society Association Harry Kalven Jr. Prize for outstanding scholarship. He received several awards from the American Sociological Association (ASA) and its Sections. In 1994, he received both the ASA Theory Section's Theory Prize and the Section on the Sociology of Law's Distinguished Book Award, for \"The Social Structure of Right and Wrong\". He was also the recipient of the ASA Section on the Sociology of Law's Distinguished Article Award in 1997 for \"The Epistemology of Pure Sociology\" (Law \u0026 Social Inquiry 1995) and the recipient of the ASA Section on Altruism, Morality, and Social Solidarity inaugural Outstanding Published Book Award in 2012 for \"Moral Time\". In addition, several of his books have been translated into other languages.  He was invited to lecture in numerous countries abroad, including Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Holland, France, Scotland, England, Poland, and Japan. He was on the editorial board for scholarly journals and edited his own series on \"Studies on Law and Social Control\" for Oxford Press.","Black was also a charismatic teacher who influenced many students of sociology. According to Mark Cooney, \"His classes were an intellectual treat for he saw teaching as an opportunity to develop new ideas.\" Beyond the classroom, he was an inspiring mentor ready to offer advice and encouragement, especially to younger scholars. He retired from the University of Virginia in 2016 and died in January 2024.","The collection also includes the papers of Roberta Senechal de la Roche, (spouse of Donald Black) and an American historian, sociologist, retired professor from Washington and Lee University, and poet born in western Maine and raised in upstate New York. She graduated from the University of Southern Maine and the University of Virginia, where she received a doctoral degree in history.  As a historian and sociologist, she specialized in studying theory on collective violence and social history. Her first major publication, originally titled \"The Sociogenesis of a Race Riot\", was later renamed \"In Lincoln's Shadow: The Springfield Race Riot of 1908\". The book examines the two-day race riot in Springfield, Illinois, which resulted in the displacement of thousands of Black residents, destruction of their businesses and homes, and brutal killings of two African Americans. Her work won two distinguished prizes, cementing her contribution to the field. She taught courses on the American gilded age, the history of violence in America, the history of women in America, and a seminar on modern terrorism.","Roberta was inspired by the sociological approach in \"Salem Possessed\", which used detailed social profiles to uncover community conflicts during the Salem Witch Trials. As a graduate student at the University of Virginia, she sought a similarly researchable topic in the field of collective violence. She chose the Springfield riot for its historical significance as Abraham Lincoln's hometown and its underexplored status in academic literature. Over eight years, she meticulously analyzed the dynamics of the riot, profiling both the perpetrators and victims and uncovering patterns that challenged prevailing social strain theories of violence. Her long standing interest is in non-state unilateral collective violence, such as rioting, lynching, terrorism, and vigilantism.","She is also a poet of Miꞌkmaq and French- Canadian descent. Her poems have appeared in the Colorado Review; Vallum; Glass: A Journal of Poetry; Yemassee, Blue Mountain Review, Sequestrum, and Cold Mountain Review, among others. She has two prize-winning chapbooks: Blind Flowers (Arcadia Press) and After Eden (Heartland Review Press, 2019). A third chapbook, Winter Light, and her first book, Going Fast (2019) are published by David Robert Books.","Sources:\nCooney, Mark. \"Donald Black\" Member News \u0026 Notes. American Sociological Association, May 2024.\nhttps://www.asanet.org/member-news-notes-may-2024/#obituary","Roberta Senechal de la Roche's website.\nhttps://www.wlu.edu/profile/senechal-roberta","The Donald Black papers were received in increments over a period of years and have been interfiled except for the most recent additions which have been added as a series at the end.","This collection contains items from Donald Black's life and career, spanning from the 1930s up until 2023, ranging from personal memorabilia from his high school years, to his research in graduate school, to drafts of his major published works, to his professional involvement as a leader in sociology and professor at the University of Virginia, including forthright and meaningful correspondence with colleagues and adversaries about sociology theories from academic institutions across the world leading up to his retirement from the University of Virginia in 2016.","His papers include his academic writings, manuscripts, conference papers and lectures, course readings, examination questions, syllabi, correspondence with students and colleagues, personal journals, and notes about ground breaking theories that he created in the fields of sociology, law, and criminology. They reveal the passionate, intellectual and personal thought processes of a dedicated scholar and professor who led a new way of thinking about sociology as a scientific approach to understanding social conditions, particularly situations involving conflict, by creating a model that was designed to be testable and that veered away from psychology and the study of the individual.","Roberta Senechal de la Roche papers are included in Subseries 5 of the collection. She was a full professor at Washington and Lee University where she taught sociology, history, and social history. Included are her articles, manuscripts, lectures, conference talks, correspondence with colleagues, and correspondence between her and Donald Black. Her published works of poetry have been catalogued separately.","Printed monographs and offprints in this collection have been catalogued and housed separately. Each catalogue record has the following local note: SPECIAL COLLECTIONS: Gift of Donald J. Black. From the Papers of Donald Black, MSS 15031.","This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use materials in the collection in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Black, Donald J., 1941-","Senechal de la Roche, Roberta, 1950-","Mileski, Maureen, 1944-","Baumgartner, M. P. (Baumgartner, Mary Pat), 1953-","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Donald Black papers, 1935/2023"],"collection_ssim":["Donald Black papers, 1935/2023"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 15031","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/207"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 15031","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/207"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["homosexuality -- social aspects"],"geogname_ssim":["homosexuality -- social aspects"],"places_ssim":["homosexuality -- social aspects"],"creator_ssm":["Black, Donald J., 1941-"],"creator_ssim":["Black, Donald J., 1941-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Black, Donald J., 1941-","Senechal de la Roche, Roberta, 1950-","Mileski, Maureen, 1944-","Baumgartner, M. P. (Baumgartner, Mary Pat), 1953-"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"creators_ssim":["Black, Donald J., 1941-","Senechal de la Roche, Roberta, 1950-","Mileski, Maureen, 1944-","Baumgartner, M. P. (Baumgartner, Mary Pat), 1953-","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"access_terms_ssm":["This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use materials in the collection in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Donald Black papers were given by Donald Black and Roberta Senechal de la Roche to the University of Virginia Library in several installments and have all been interfiled as one collection except for the most recent additions (2018-2024) (Boxes 39-55) which have been added as new series at the end of the collection. The dates of individual gifts include July 20, 2010 and December 28, 2010; April 27, 2011, May 4, 20, and 23, 2011, June 3, 10, and 14, 2011, July 8 and 15, 2011; October 7, 2011; November 8, 2012; April 22 and August 27, 2013; June 1 and 6, 2016. The recent additions are September 23, 2018; June 20, 2019; December 3, 2020; and October 11, 2024."],"access_subjects_ssim":["sociological jurisprudence","deviant behavior","social control","social conflict","sociology","justice, administration of","police reports -- United States","criminal statistics--United States","police -- United States","right and wrong","crime -- United States","sociology of crime, law, and deviance","morality and society","Race discrimination -- Law and legislation -- Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["sociological jurisprudence","deviant behavior","social control","social conflict","sociology","justice, administration of","police reports -- United States","criminal statistics--United States","police -- United States","right and wrong","crime -- United States","sociology of crime, law, and deviance","morality and society","Race discrimination -- Law and legislation -- Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["27 Cubic Feet 55 legal document boxes, 1 artifact box, 1 oversize folder and 22 mini DV's"],"extent_tesim":["27 Cubic Feet 55 legal document boxes, 1 artifact box, 1 oversize folder and 22 mini DV's"],"date_range_isim":[1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for access with the following exceptions:\nAccess restrictions apply to specific personal records under the terms of the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (F.E.R.P.A.) for all materials in Box 37. These materials will remain closed until about 2077.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolders 7-11 in Box 55 are also restricted.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are 22 mini DV's in this collection. Appointments must be made in advance to use media formats such as LPs, audiotapes, videotapes, films, CDs, and DVDs held by Special Collections. In most cases, materials must be reformatted before they can be accessed, sometimes at the researcher's expense. Please contact Special Collections via our online Reference Request form, https://small.library.virginia.edu/services/reference-request, to request access to these materials. Access cannot be guaranteed unless prior arrangements have been made.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for access with the following exceptions:\nAccess restrictions apply to specific personal records under the terms of the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (F.E.R.P.A.) for all materials in Box 37. These materials will remain closed until about 2077.","Folders 7-11 in Box 55 are also restricted.","There are 22 mini DV's in this collection. Appointments must be made in advance to use media formats such as LPs, audiotapes, videotapes, films, CDs, and DVDs held by Special Collections. In most cases, materials must be reformatted before they can be accessed, sometimes at the researcher's expense. Please contact Special Collections via our online Reference Request form, https://small.library.virginia.edu/services/reference-request, to request access to these materials. Access cannot be guaranteed unless prior arrangements have been made."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I is on academic writings from Black and other scholars. It is split between two Sub-Series: Sub-Series A is on works either solely by Black, or works collaborated on by Black and other scholars, and Sub-Series B contains work solely by other scholars. Series I runs from box 1-17. Series II contains files and papers from Black's involvement in the professional and academic worlds of sociology and universities. Series II runs from box 17-21. Series III pertains to Donald Black's personal life. Series III runs from box 21-25. Series IV contains correspondence with organizations and correspondence on certain topics. Series IV runs from box 25-36. Series V contains restricted items, and is the only series in box 37. Box 38 houses a sociology t-shirt. The recent additions (boxes 39-55) to this collection are in a new series titled Additions and have subseries that are similar to the original arrangement. Subseries 1. Academic Writings. Subseries 2. Professional and University Involvement. Series 3.Personal papers and materials Series 4.Correspondence. Series 5.Roberta Senechal de la Roche papers\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome folders contain groupings of files that remain as-is from their arrangement by Black, while others contain files compounded into a more comprehensive grouping from different sources. \nSome items may be cross referenced under different series. For example, there is correspondence with Stanley Holowitz under both his personal file as well as under the topical files on correspondence with Academic Press. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I is on academic writings from Black and other scholars. It is split between two Sub-Series: Sub-Series A is on works either solely by Black, or works collaborated on by Black and other scholars, and Sub-Series B contains work solely by other scholars. Series I runs from box 1-17. Series II contains files and papers from Black's involvement in the professional and academic worlds of sociology and universities. Series II runs from box 17-21. Series III pertains to Donald Black's personal life. Series III runs from box 21-25. Series IV contains correspondence with organizations and correspondence on certain topics. Series IV runs from box 25-36. Series V contains restricted items, and is the only series in box 37. Box 38 houses a sociology t-shirt. The recent additions (boxes 39-55) to this collection are in a new series titled Additions and have subseries that are similar to the original arrangement. Subseries 1. Academic Writings. Subseries 2. Professional and University Involvement. Series 3.Personal papers and materials Series 4.Correspondence. Series 5.Roberta Senechal de la Roche papers","Some folders contain groupings of files that remain as-is from their arrangement by Black, while others contain files compounded into a more comprehensive grouping from different sources. \nSome items may be cross referenced under different series. For example, there is correspondence with Stanley Holowitz under both his personal file as well as under the topical files on correspondence with Academic Press."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDonald Black was a world renowned theoretical sociologist and University Professor Emeritus of the Social Sciences at the University of Virginia from 1985-2016. Born in 1941, he received his bachelor's degree from Indiana University in 1963, his master's degree from the University of Michigan in 1965, and his PhD in sociology from Michigan University in 1968. Before coming to the University of Virginia in 1985, he was at both Yale University as a post-doctoral Russell Sage Fellow from 1968-1970, and then taught at Harvard University in their Sociology Department and Law School. In 1989 he attained the position as a University Professor, allowing him to teach in any department or school at the University including the Law School. From 1986-1989 he also served as the Department Chair of Sociology. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack was known for his study of the sociology of ideas and scienticity (the degree to which ideas are testable, valid, and original). His most important early work included \"The Behavior of Law\" (Emerald Publishing 1976), which advanced what is still the only general sociological theory of law--\"behavior of law\"—which is what people do in the name of law, including illegal acts as a way to manage conflict and assert grievances, particularly when legal protections are perceived as failing. He created the theory of \"Pure Sociology\" which explains social life by studying deviant behavior as a system of social control rather than a set of rules.  It is different from psychology because it makes no presumptions about an individuals experience. His work, particularly \"Crime as Social Control\"(American Sociological Review 1983), argues that crime can be a form of \"self-help\" to achieve justice, and it explains the variation in legal responses (like arrests) through social structures such as too much intimacy or lack of intimacy related to conflicts. Unlike most sociologists, he rejected psychological approaches and drew on  anthropological and historical materials and modern data, allowing him to explain variation in social behavior in all societies and across time. He extended his work to the larger universe of conflict management—including violence, avoidance, and toleration—which culminated in his major midcareer work, \"The Social Structure of Right and Wrong\" (Academic Press 1993). Black broke still more fresh ground with a third major opus, \"Moral Time\" (Oxford University Press 2011), which presented a radically new general and testable theory of the causes of conflict. He authored a series of brilliant publications, including the \"The Manners and Customs of the Police\" (Academic Press 1981), \"Sociological Justice' (Oxford University Press 1993), \"The Geometry of Terrorism\" in Sociological Theory (2004), and \"The Epistemology of Pure Sociology\". \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe was a fellow of the American Society of Criminology and the American Anthropological Association. In 2013, he received the Law and Society Association Harry Kalven Jr. Prize for outstanding scholarship. He received several awards from the American Sociological Association (ASA) and its Sections. In 1994, he received both the ASA Theory Section's Theory Prize and the Section on the Sociology of Law's Distinguished Book Award, for \"The Social Structure of Right and Wrong\". He was also the recipient of the ASA Section on the Sociology of Law's Distinguished Article Award in 1997 for \"The Epistemology of Pure Sociology\" (Law \u0026amp; Social Inquiry 1995) and the recipient of the ASA Section on Altruism, Morality, and Social Solidarity inaugural Outstanding Published Book Award in 2012 for \"Moral Time\". In addition, several of his books have been translated into other languages.  He was invited to lecture in numerous countries abroad, including Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Holland, France, Scotland, England, Poland, and Japan. He was on the editorial board for scholarly journals and edited his own series on \"Studies on Law and Social Control\" for Oxford Press.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack was also a charismatic teacher who influenced many students of sociology. According to Mark Cooney, \"His classes were an intellectual treat for he saw teaching as an opportunity to develop new ideas.\" Beyond the classroom, he was an inspiring mentor ready to offer advice and encouragement, especially to younger scholars. He retired from the University of Virginia in 2016 and died in January 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also includes the papers of Roberta Senechal de la Roche, (spouse of Donald Black) and an American historian, sociologist, retired professor from Washington and Lee University, and poet born in western Maine and raised in upstate New York. She graduated from the University of Southern Maine and the University of Virginia, where she received a doctoral degree in history.  As a historian and sociologist, she specialized in studying theory on collective violence and social history. Her first major publication, originally titled \"The Sociogenesis of a Race Riot\", was later renamed \"In Lincoln's Shadow: The Springfield Race Riot of 1908\". The book examines the two-day race riot in Springfield, Illinois, which resulted in the displacement of thousands of Black residents, destruction of their businesses and homes, and brutal killings of two African Americans. Her work won two distinguished prizes, cementing her contribution to the field. She taught courses on the American gilded age, the history of violence in America, the history of women in America, and a seminar on modern terrorism. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRoberta was inspired by the sociological approach in \"Salem Possessed\", which used detailed social profiles to uncover community conflicts during the Salem Witch Trials. As a graduate student at the University of Virginia, she sought a similarly researchable topic in the field of collective violence. She chose the Springfield riot for its historical significance as Abraham Lincoln's hometown and its underexplored status in academic literature. Over eight years, she meticulously analyzed the dynamics of the riot, profiling both the perpetrators and victims and uncovering patterns that challenged prevailing social strain theories of violence. Her long standing interest is in non-state unilateral collective violence, such as rioting, lynching, terrorism, and vigilantism.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShe is also a poet of Miꞌkmaq and French- Canadian descent. Her poems have appeared in the Colorado Review; Vallum; Glass: A Journal of Poetry; Yemassee, Blue Mountain Review, Sequestrum, and Cold Mountain Review, among others. She has two prize-winning chapbooks: Blind Flowers (Arcadia Press) and After Eden (Heartland Review Press, 2019). A third chapbook, Winter Light, and her first book, Going Fast (2019) are published by David Robert Books.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nSources:\nCooney, Mark. \"Donald Black\" Member News \u0026amp; Notes. American Sociological Association, May 2024.\nhttps://www.asanet.org/member-news-notes-may-2024/#obituary\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRoberta Senechal de la Roche's website.\nhttps://www.wlu.edu/profile/senechal-roberta\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Donald Black was a world renowned theoretical sociologist and University Professor Emeritus of the Social Sciences at the University of Virginia from 1985-2016. Born in 1941, he received his bachelor's degree from Indiana University in 1963, his master's degree from the University of Michigan in 1965, and his PhD in sociology from Michigan University in 1968. Before coming to the University of Virginia in 1985, he was at both Yale University as a post-doctoral Russell Sage Fellow from 1968-1970, and then taught at Harvard University in their Sociology Department and Law School. In 1989 he attained the position as a University Professor, allowing him to teach in any department or school at the University including the Law School. From 1986-1989 he also served as the Department Chair of Sociology.","Black was known for his study of the sociology of ideas and scienticity (the degree to which ideas are testable, valid, and original). His most important early work included \"The Behavior of Law\" (Emerald Publishing 1976), which advanced what is still the only general sociological theory of law--\"behavior of law\"—which is what people do in the name of law, including illegal acts as a way to manage conflict and assert grievances, particularly when legal protections are perceived as failing. He created the theory of \"Pure Sociology\" which explains social life by studying deviant behavior as a system of social control rather than a set of rules.  It is different from psychology because it makes no presumptions about an individuals experience. His work, particularly \"Crime as Social Control\"(American Sociological Review 1983), argues that crime can be a form of \"self-help\" to achieve justice, and it explains the variation in legal responses (like arrests) through social structures such as too much intimacy or lack of intimacy related to conflicts. Unlike most sociologists, he rejected psychological approaches and drew on  anthropological and historical materials and modern data, allowing him to explain variation in social behavior in all societies and across time. He extended his work to the larger universe of conflict management—including violence, avoidance, and toleration—which culminated in his major midcareer work, \"The Social Structure of Right and Wrong\" (Academic Press 1993). Black broke still more fresh ground with a third major opus, \"Moral Time\" (Oxford University Press 2011), which presented a radically new general and testable theory of the causes of conflict. He authored a series of brilliant publications, including the \"The Manners and Customs of the Police\" (Academic Press 1981), \"Sociological Justice' (Oxford University Press 1993), \"The Geometry of Terrorism\" in Sociological Theory (2004), and \"The Epistemology of Pure Sociology\".","He was a fellow of the American Society of Criminology and the American Anthropological Association. In 2013, he received the Law and Society Association Harry Kalven Jr. Prize for outstanding scholarship. He received several awards from the American Sociological Association (ASA) and its Sections. In 1994, he received both the ASA Theory Section's Theory Prize and the Section on the Sociology of Law's Distinguished Book Award, for \"The Social Structure of Right and Wrong\". He was also the recipient of the ASA Section on the Sociology of Law's Distinguished Article Award in 1997 for \"The Epistemology of Pure Sociology\" (Law \u0026 Social Inquiry 1995) and the recipient of the ASA Section on Altruism, Morality, and Social Solidarity inaugural Outstanding Published Book Award in 2012 for \"Moral Time\". In addition, several of his books have been translated into other languages.  He was invited to lecture in numerous countries abroad, including Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Holland, France, Scotland, England, Poland, and Japan. He was on the editorial board for scholarly journals and edited his own series on \"Studies on Law and Social Control\" for Oxford Press.","Black was also a charismatic teacher who influenced many students of sociology. According to Mark Cooney, \"His classes were an intellectual treat for he saw teaching as an opportunity to develop new ideas.\" Beyond the classroom, he was an inspiring mentor ready to offer advice and encouragement, especially to younger scholars. He retired from the University of Virginia in 2016 and died in January 2024.","The collection also includes the papers of Roberta Senechal de la Roche, (spouse of Donald Black) and an American historian, sociologist, retired professor from Washington and Lee University, and poet born in western Maine and raised in upstate New York. She graduated from the University of Southern Maine and the University of Virginia, where she received a doctoral degree in history.  As a historian and sociologist, she specialized in studying theory on collective violence and social history. Her first major publication, originally titled \"The Sociogenesis of a Race Riot\", was later renamed \"In Lincoln's Shadow: The Springfield Race Riot of 1908\". The book examines the two-day race riot in Springfield, Illinois, which resulted in the displacement of thousands of Black residents, destruction of their businesses and homes, and brutal killings of two African Americans. Her work won two distinguished prizes, cementing her contribution to the field. She taught courses on the American gilded age, the history of violence in America, the history of women in America, and a seminar on modern terrorism.","Roberta was inspired by the sociological approach in \"Salem Possessed\", which used detailed social profiles to uncover community conflicts during the Salem Witch Trials. As a graduate student at the University of Virginia, she sought a similarly researchable topic in the field of collective violence. She chose the Springfield riot for its historical significance as Abraham Lincoln's hometown and its underexplored status in academic literature. Over eight years, she meticulously analyzed the dynamics of the riot, profiling both the perpetrators and victims and uncovering patterns that challenged prevailing social strain theories of violence. Her long standing interest is in non-state unilateral collective violence, such as rioting, lynching, terrorism, and vigilantism.","She is also a poet of Miꞌkmaq and French- Canadian descent. Her poems have appeared in the Colorado Review; Vallum; Glass: A Journal of Poetry; Yemassee, Blue Mountain Review, Sequestrum, and Cold Mountain Review, among others. She has two prize-winning chapbooks: Blind Flowers (Arcadia Press) and After Eden (Heartland Review Press, 2019). A third chapbook, Winter Light, and her first book, Going Fast (2019) are published by David Robert Books.","Sources:\nCooney, Mark. \"Donald Black\" Member News \u0026 Notes. American Sociological Association, May 2024.\nhttps://www.asanet.org/member-news-notes-may-2024/#obituary","Roberta Senechal de la Roche's website.\nhttps://www.wlu.edu/profile/senechal-roberta"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 15031, Donald Black papers, box number, folder number, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 15031, Donald Black papers, box number, folder number, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Donald Black papers were received in increments over a period of years and have been interfiled except for the most recent additions which have been added as a series at the end.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The Donald Black papers were received in increments over a period of years and have been interfiled except for the most recent additions which have been added as a series at the end."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains items from Donald Black's life and career, spanning from the 1930s up until 2023, ranging from personal memorabilia from his high school years, to his research in graduate school, to drafts of his major published works, to his professional involvement as a leader in sociology and professor at the University of Virginia, including forthright and meaningful correspondence with colleagues and adversaries about sociology theories from academic institutions across the world leading up to his retirement from the University of Virginia in 2016. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHis papers include his academic writings, manuscripts, conference papers and lectures, course readings, examination questions, syllabi, correspondence with students and colleagues, personal journals, and notes about ground breaking theories that he created in the fields of sociology, law, and criminology. They reveal the passionate, intellectual and personal thought processes of a dedicated scholar and professor who led a new way of thinking about sociology as a scientific approach to understanding social conditions, particularly situations involving conflict, by creating a model that was designed to be testable and that veered away from psychology and the study of the individual.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRoberta Senechal de la Roche papers are included in Subseries 5 of the collection. She was a full professor at Washington and Lee University where she taught sociology, history, and social history. Included are her articles, manuscripts, lectures, conference talks, correspondence with colleagues, and correspondence between her and Donald Black. Her published works of poetry have been catalogued separately.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains items from Donald Black's life and career, spanning from the 1930s up until 2023, ranging from personal memorabilia from his high school years, to his research in graduate school, to drafts of his major published works, to his professional involvement as a leader in sociology and professor at the University of Virginia, including forthright and meaningful correspondence with colleagues and adversaries about sociology theories from academic institutions across the world leading up to his retirement from the University of Virginia in 2016.","His papers include his academic writings, manuscripts, conference papers and lectures, course readings, examination questions, syllabi, correspondence with students and colleagues, personal journals, and notes about ground breaking theories that he created in the fields of sociology, law, and criminology. They reveal the passionate, intellectual and personal thought processes of a dedicated scholar and professor who led a new way of thinking about sociology as a scientific approach to understanding social conditions, particularly situations involving conflict, by creating a model that was designed to be testable and that veered away from psychology and the study of the individual.","Roberta Senechal de la Roche papers are included in Subseries 5 of the collection. She was a full professor at Washington and Lee University where she taught sociology, history, and social history. Included are her articles, manuscripts, lectures, conference talks, correspondence with colleagues, and correspondence between her and Donald Black. Her published works of poetry have been catalogued separately."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePrinted monographs and offprints in this collection have been catalogued and housed separately. Each catalogue record has the following local note: SPECIAL COLLECTIONS: Gift of Donald J. Black. From the Papers of Donald Black, MSS 15031.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Printed monographs and offprints in this collection have been catalogued and housed separately. Each catalogue record has the following local note: SPECIAL COLLECTIONS: Gift of Donald J. Black. From the Papers of Donald Black, MSS 15031."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use materials in the collection in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["This collection is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use materials in the collection in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s)."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"persname_ssim":["Black, Donald J., 1941-","Senechal de la Roche, Roberta, 1950-","Mileski, Maureen, 1944-","Baumgartner, M. P. (Baumgartner, Mary Pat), 1953-"],"names_coll_ssim":["Black, Donald J., 1941-","Senechal de la Roche, Roberta, 1950-","Mileski, Maureen, 1944-","Baumgartner, M. P. (Baumgartner, Mary Pat), 1953-"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Black, Donald J., 1941-","Senechal de la Roche, Roberta, 1950-","Mileski, Maureen, 1944-","Baumgartner, M. P. 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