{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Opera\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University.+Libraries.+Special+Collections+Research+Center\u0026view=list","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Opera\u0026f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University.+Libraries.+Special+Collections+Research+Center\u0026page=1\u0026view=list"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":5,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_542","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"\"Aida\" opera costume paintings, 1870","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_542#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"George Mason University. Libraries. 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This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  and the , as well as other materials related to opera, costume design, and the performing arts.","Seven pen and watercolor paintings on paper of character and chorus member costume designs for the opera \"Aida,\" made circa early 1870s. Featured are Radames in Act I, Scene 1 and Act II, Scene 4; Ax-bearers from Act II, Scene 4; Officers of the chorus, Act I, Scene 1 and Act II, Scene 4; Amneris in Act II, Scene 4; and The King, Act II, Scene 4 and Act I, Scene 1. Notably absent are the roles of Aida, Amonasro, and Ramfis. Each painting has the name of the role written in pen on the lower left corner and the act and scene numbers on the bottom right corner. The main roles have the voice range written next to the role name. All text is written in French.","No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)","Seven pen and watercolor paintings on paper of character and chorus member costume designs for the opera \"Aida,\" circa early 1870s.","R 72, C 3, S 5","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Verdi, Giuseppe, 1813-1901. (Title of work: Aïda.)","French"],"collection_title_tesim":["\"Aida\" opera costume paintings, 1870"],"collection_ssim":["\"Aida\" opera costume paintings, 1870"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0473","/repositories/2/resources/542"],"unitid_tesim":["C0473","/repositories/2/resources/542"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University. Libraries. 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Music. 1. https://scholarsarchive.library.albany.edu/honorscollege_music/1.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHolmes, Helen. \"The Met Casts Anna Netrebko as 'Aida' Despite Her Past Controversy in the Role,\" February 13, 2020. Observer. https://observer.com/2020/02/anna-netrebko-aida-met-opera-casting-2020-2021-season-details/.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Synopsis: Aida.\" The Metropolitan Opera. Accessed March 15, 2021. https://www.metopera.org/user-information/synopses-archive/aida.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Groenert, Kaeli, \"Blackface at the Met: An exploration of the casting of performers of color in the roles of Aida and Othello from 2007-2017\" (2019). Music. 1. https://scholarsarchive.library.albany.edu/honorscollege_music/1.","Holmes, Helen. \"The Met Casts Anna Netrebko as 'Aida' Despite Her Past Controversy in the Role,\" February 13, 2020. 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Notably absent are the roles of Aida, Amonasro, and Ramfis. Each painting has the name of the role written in pen on the lower left corner and the act and scene numbers on the bottom right corner. The main roles have the voice range written next to the role name. All text is written in French."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. 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This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  and the , as well as other materials related to opera, costume design, and the performing arts.","Seven pen and watercolor paintings on paper of character and chorus member costume designs for the opera \"Aida,\" made circa early 1870s. Featured are Radames in Act I, Scene 1 and Act II, Scene 4; Ax-bearers from Act II, Scene 4; Officers of the chorus, Act I, Scene 1 and Act II, Scene 4; Amneris in Act II, Scene 4; and The King, Act II, Scene 4 and Act I, Scene 1. Notably absent are the roles of Aida, Amonasro, and Ramfis. Each painting has the name of the role written in pen on the lower left corner and the act and scene numbers on the bottom right corner. The main roles have the voice range written next to the role name. All text is written in French.","No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)","Seven pen and watercolor paintings on paper of character and chorus member costume designs for the opera \"Aida,\" circa early 1870s.","R 72, C 3, S 5","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Verdi, Giuseppe, 1813-1901. (Title of work: Aïda.)","French"],"collection_title_tesim":["\"Aida\" opera costume paintings, 1870"],"collection_ssim":["\"Aida\" opera costume paintings, 1870"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0473","/repositories/2/resources/542"],"unitid_tesim":["C0473","/repositories/2/resources/542"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University. Libraries. 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Featured are Radames in Act I, Scene 1 and Act II, Scene 4; Ax-bearers from Act II, Scene 4; Officers of the chorus, Act I, Scene 1 and Act II, Scene 4; Amneris in Act II, Scene 4; and The King, Act II, Scene 4 and Act I, Scene 1. Notably absent are the roles of Aida, Amonasro, and Ramfis. Each painting has the name of the role written in pen on the lower left corner and the act and scene numbers on the bottom right corner. The main roles have the voice range written next to the role name. All text is written in French.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Seven pen and watercolor paintings on paper of character and chorus member costume designs for the opera \"Aida,\" made circa early 1870s. Featured are Radames in Act I, Scene 1 and Act II, Scene 4; Ax-bearers from Act II, Scene 4; Officers of the chorus, Act I, Scene 1 and Act II, Scene 4; Amneris in Act II, Scene 4; and The King, Act II, Scene 4 and Act I, Scene 1. Notably absent are the roles of Aida, Amonasro, and Ramfis. Each painting has the name of the role written in pen on the lower left corner and the act and scene numbers on the bottom right corner. The main roles have the voice range written next to the role name. All text is written in French."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_9576737c0c53a822d5c41ce4fcab5344\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eSeven pen and watercolor paintings on paper of character and chorus member costume designs for the opera \"Aida,\" circa early 1870s.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Seven pen and watercolor paintings on paper of character and chorus member costume designs for the opera \"Aida,\" circa early 1870s."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_1e79eb9724213e0fffe9962712ab3fa7\"\u003eR 72, C 3, S 5\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 72, C 3, S 5"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Verdi, Giuseppe, 1813-1901. (Title of work: Aïda.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Verdi, Giuseppe, 1813-1901. (Title of work: Aïda.)"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Verdi, Giuseppe, 1813-1901. (Title of work: Aïda.)"],"language_ssim":["French"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:01.774Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_542"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_541","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"\"Cavalleria rusticana\" opera costume paintings, 1890","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_541#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_541#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Six pen and watercolor paintings on paper of character and chorus member costume designs for the opera \"Cavalleria rusticana,\" circa 1890.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_541#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_541","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_541","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_541","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_541","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_541.xml","title_ssm":["\"Cavalleria rusticana\" opera costume paintings"],"title_tesim":["\"Cavalleria rusticana\" opera costume paintings"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1890"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["circa 1890"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1890"],"normalized_title_ssm":["\"Cavalleria rusticana\" opera costume paintings, 1890"],"text":["\"Cavalleria rusticana\" opera costume paintings, 1890","C0472","/repositories/2/resources/541","Costume design","Opera","Verismo (Opera)","Watercolor painting","There are no access restrictions.","This collected was digitized by Mieko Palazzo and is available to view here: .","This is a single folder collection.","Bentley, Charlotte. \"Beyond Verismo: Massenet's La Navarraise and 'Realism' in Fin-de-Siècle Paris.\" Journal of the Royal Musical Association 144, no. 1 (2019): 29–54.","Cantoni, L. and Schwarm, Betsy. \"Cavalleria rusticana.\" Encyclopaedia Britannica. Accessed March 9, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Cavalleria-rusticana-opera-by-Mascagni.","\"The Story Behind Mascagni's Cavalleria Rusticana.\" Classic FM. Accessed March 9, 2021. https://www.classicfm.com/composers/mascagni/guides/story-behind-mascagnis-cavalleria-rusticana/.","\"Synopsis: Cavalleria Rusticana/Pagliacci.\" The Metropolitan Opera. Accessed March 9, 2021. https://www.metopera.org/user-information/synopses-archive/cav-pag.","\"Cavalleria rusticana,\" translated from the Italian to \"rustic chivalry,\" is an 1890 opera by Pietro Mascagni. The catalyst of the \"verismo\" opera trend, \"Cavalleria rusticana\" was hailed for its music, passionate and realistic plot, and the punch it packed as a short opera, clocking in around 75 minutes (compared to a typical opera's 2.5-3 hour runtime). \"Cavalleria\" tells the story of Sicilian villagers Santuzza and Turiddu. Turridu has seduced Santuzza out of spite for being rejected by his former lover Lola, now married to Alfio. However, Turiddu begins an affair with Lola behind Santuzza's back, and in typical verismo fashion, passion and death ensue. Based on the story and play by Giovanni Verga, \"Cavalleria\" was an instant and massive success, and became Mascagni's most popular work, despite being his first. The composer himself was quoted as saying, \"It is a pity I wrote Cavalleria first...for I was crowned before I became king\" (ClassicFM.) \"Cavalleria rusticana\" is still performed today, traditionally in a double bill with the opera \"Pagliacci\" by Ruggero Leoncavallo, known as \"Cav/Pag.\" It is perhaps best known for its \"Intermezzo\" music.","Processing completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds the , as well as many other materials on opera and the performing arts.","Six pen and watercolor paintings on paper of character and chorus member costume designs for the opera \"Cavalleria rusticana.\" Featured are Turiddu, Coriste (female chorus member), two Coristi (male chorus members), Lola, and Alfio. Each painting has the title of the opera written in pen in the upper right hand corner, as well as the name of each character below the figure. Notably absent is the lead female character Santuzza. Due to the numberings on the upper left corners of the paintings, these seem to be a part of a larger series of paintings.","No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)","Six pen and watercolor paintings on paper of character and chorus member costume designs for the opera \"Cavalleria rusticana,\" circa 1890.","R 72, C 3, S 1","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Mascagni, Pietro, 1863-1945. (Title of work: Cavalleria rusticana.)","Italian"],"collection_title_tesim":["\"Cavalleria rusticana\" opera costume paintings, 1890"],"collection_ssim":["\"Cavalleria rusticana\" opera costume paintings, 1890"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0472","/repositories/2/resources/541"],"unitid_tesim":["C0472","/repositories/2/resources/541"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Mascagni, Pietro, 1863-1945. (Title of work: Cavalleria rusticana.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["Mascagni, Pietro, 1863-1945. (Title of work: Cavalleria rusticana.)","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased by Steve Gerber from J \u0026 J Lubrano Music Antiquarians in May 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Costume design","Opera","Verismo (Opera)","Watercolor painting"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Costume design","Opera","Verismo (Opera)","Watercolor painting"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".01 Linear Feet 6 paintings"],"extent_tesim":[".01 Linear Feet 6 paintings"],"date_range_isim":[1890],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collected was digitized by Mieko Palazzo and is available to view here: \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Cavalleria rusticana opera costume paintings\" href=\"https://digitalcollections.gmu.edu/search?c=%E2%80%9CCavalleria+rusticana%E2%80%9D+opera+costume+paintings\u0026amp;cc=%E2%80%9CCavalleria+rusticana%E2%80%9D+opera+costume+paintings\u0026amp;ln=en\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Format Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["This collected was digitized by Mieko Palazzo and is available to view here: ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a single folder collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This is a single folder collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBentley, Charlotte. \"Beyond Verismo: Massenet's La Navarraise and 'Realism' in Fin-de-Siècle Paris.\" Journal of the Royal Musical Association 144, no. 1 (2019): 29–54. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCantoni, L. and Schwarm, Betsy. \"Cavalleria rusticana.\" Encyclopaedia Britannica. Accessed March 9, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Cavalleria-rusticana-opera-by-Mascagni.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"The Story Behind Mascagni's Cavalleria Rusticana.\" Classic FM. Accessed March 9, 2021. https://www.classicfm.com/composers/mascagni/guides/story-behind-mascagnis-cavalleria-rusticana/.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Synopsis: Cavalleria Rusticana/Pagliacci.\" The Metropolitan Opera. Accessed March 9, 2021. https://www.metopera.org/user-information/synopses-archive/cav-pag.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Bentley, Charlotte. \"Beyond Verismo: Massenet's La Navarraise and 'Realism' in Fin-de-Siècle Paris.\" Journal of the Royal Musical Association 144, no. 1 (2019): 29–54.","Cantoni, L. and Schwarm, Betsy. \"Cavalleria rusticana.\" Encyclopaedia Britannica. Accessed March 9, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Cavalleria-rusticana-opera-by-Mascagni.","\"The Story Behind Mascagni's Cavalleria Rusticana.\" Classic FM. Accessed March 9, 2021. https://www.classicfm.com/composers/mascagni/guides/story-behind-mascagnis-cavalleria-rusticana/.","\"Synopsis: Cavalleria Rusticana/Pagliacci.\" The Metropolitan Opera. Accessed March 9, 2021. https://www.metopera.org/user-information/synopses-archive/cav-pag."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Cavalleria rusticana,\" translated from the Italian to \"rustic chivalry,\" is an 1890 opera by Pietro Mascagni. The catalyst of the \"verismo\" opera trend, \"Cavalleria rusticana\" was hailed for its music, passionate and realistic plot, and the punch it packed as a short opera, clocking in around 75 minutes (compared to a typical opera's 2.5-3 hour runtime). \"Cavalleria\" tells the story of Sicilian villagers Santuzza and Turiddu. Turridu has seduced Santuzza out of spite for being rejected by his former lover Lola, now married to Alfio. However, Turiddu begins an affair with Lola behind Santuzza's back, and in typical verismo fashion, passion and death ensue. Based on the story and play by Giovanni Verga, \"Cavalleria\" was an instant and massive success, and became Mascagni's most popular work, despite being his first. The composer himself was quoted as saying, \"It is a pity I wrote Cavalleria first...for I was crowned before I became king\" (ClassicFM.) \"Cavalleria rusticana\" is still performed today, traditionally in a double bill with the opera \"Pagliacci\" by Ruggero Leoncavallo, known as \"Cav/Pag.\" It is perhaps best known for its \"Intermezzo\" music.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["\"Cavalleria rusticana,\" translated from the Italian to \"rustic chivalry,\" is an 1890 opera by Pietro Mascagni. The catalyst of the \"verismo\" opera trend, \"Cavalleria rusticana\" was hailed for its music, passionate and realistic plot, and the punch it packed as a short opera, clocking in around 75 minutes (compared to a typical opera's 2.5-3 hour runtime). \"Cavalleria\" tells the story of Sicilian villagers Santuzza and Turiddu. Turridu has seduced Santuzza out of spite for being rejected by his former lover Lola, now married to Alfio. However, Turiddu begins an affair with Lola behind Santuzza's back, and in typical verismo fashion, passion and death ensue. Based on the story and play by Giovanni Verga, \"Cavalleria\" was an instant and massive success, and became Mascagni's most popular work, despite being his first. The composer himself was quoted as saying, \"It is a pity I wrote Cavalleria first...for I was crowned before I became king\" (ClassicFM.) \"Cavalleria rusticana\" is still performed today, traditionally in a double bill with the opera \"Pagliacci\" by Ruggero Leoncavallo, known as \"Cav/Pag.\" It is perhaps best known for its \"Intermezzo\" music."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Cavalleria rusticana\" opera costume paintings, C0472, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["\"Cavalleria rusticana\" opera costume paintings, C0472, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"'La Navarraise' opera scene and costume lithographs\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0471\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, as well as many other materials on opera and the performing arts.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds the , as well as many other materials on opera and the performing arts."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSix pen and watercolor paintings on paper of character and chorus member costume designs for the opera \"Cavalleria rusticana.\" Featured are Turiddu, Coriste (female chorus member), two Coristi (male chorus members), Lola, and Alfio. Each painting has the title of the opera written in pen in the upper right hand corner, as well as the name of each character below the figure. Notably absent is the lead female character Santuzza. Due to the numberings on the upper left corners of the paintings, these seem to be a part of a larger series of paintings.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Six pen and watercolor paintings on paper of character and chorus member costume designs for the opera \"Cavalleria rusticana.\" Featured are Turiddu, Coriste (female chorus member), two Coristi (male chorus members), Lola, and Alfio. Each painting has the title of the opera written in pen in the upper right hand corner, as well as the name of each character below the figure. Notably absent is the lead female character Santuzza. Due to the numberings on the upper left corners of the paintings, these seem to be a part of a larger series of paintings."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_91b0450187fb31dfccc7f2c45cf97d42\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eSix pen and watercolor paintings on paper of character and chorus member costume designs for the opera \"Cavalleria rusticana,\" circa 1890.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Six pen and watercolor paintings on paper of character and chorus member costume designs for the opera \"Cavalleria rusticana,\" circa 1890."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_2aa9686e9517ec2be30916925fb820f4\"\u003eR 72, C 3, S 1\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 72, C 3, S 1"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Mascagni, Pietro, 1863-1945. (Title of work: Cavalleria rusticana.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Mascagni, Pietro, 1863-1945. (Title of work: Cavalleria rusticana.)"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Mascagni, Pietro, 1863-1945. (Title of work: Cavalleria rusticana.)"],"language_ssim":["Italian"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:01.774Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_541","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_541","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_541","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_541","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_541.xml","title_ssm":["\"Cavalleria rusticana\" opera costume paintings"],"title_tesim":["\"Cavalleria rusticana\" opera costume paintings"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1890"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["circa 1890"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1890"],"normalized_title_ssm":["\"Cavalleria rusticana\" opera costume paintings, 1890"],"text":["\"Cavalleria rusticana\" opera costume paintings, 1890","C0472","/repositories/2/resources/541","Costume design","Opera","Verismo (Opera)","Watercolor painting","There are no access restrictions.","This collected was digitized by Mieko Palazzo and is available to view here: .","This is a single folder collection.","Bentley, Charlotte. \"Beyond Verismo: Massenet's La Navarraise and 'Realism' in Fin-de-Siècle Paris.\" Journal of the Royal Musical Association 144, no. 1 (2019): 29–54.","Cantoni, L. and Schwarm, Betsy. \"Cavalleria rusticana.\" Encyclopaedia Britannica. Accessed March 9, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Cavalleria-rusticana-opera-by-Mascagni.","\"The Story Behind Mascagni's Cavalleria Rusticana.\" Classic FM. Accessed March 9, 2021. https://www.classicfm.com/composers/mascagni/guides/story-behind-mascagnis-cavalleria-rusticana/.","\"Synopsis: Cavalleria Rusticana/Pagliacci.\" The Metropolitan Opera. Accessed March 9, 2021. https://www.metopera.org/user-information/synopses-archive/cav-pag.","\"Cavalleria rusticana,\" translated from the Italian to \"rustic chivalry,\" is an 1890 opera by Pietro Mascagni. The catalyst of the \"verismo\" opera trend, \"Cavalleria rusticana\" was hailed for its music, passionate and realistic plot, and the punch it packed as a short opera, clocking in around 75 minutes (compared to a typical opera's 2.5-3 hour runtime). \"Cavalleria\" tells the story of Sicilian villagers Santuzza and Turiddu. Turridu has seduced Santuzza out of spite for being rejected by his former lover Lola, now married to Alfio. However, Turiddu begins an affair with Lola behind Santuzza's back, and in typical verismo fashion, passion and death ensue. Based on the story and play by Giovanni Verga, \"Cavalleria\" was an instant and massive success, and became Mascagni's most popular work, despite being his first. The composer himself was quoted as saying, \"It is a pity I wrote Cavalleria first...for I was crowned before I became king\" (ClassicFM.) \"Cavalleria rusticana\" is still performed today, traditionally in a double bill with the opera \"Pagliacci\" by Ruggero Leoncavallo, known as \"Cav/Pag.\" It is perhaps best known for its \"Intermezzo\" music.","Processing completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds the , as well as many other materials on opera and the performing arts.","Six pen and watercolor paintings on paper of character and chorus member costume designs for the opera \"Cavalleria rusticana.\" Featured are Turiddu, Coriste (female chorus member), two Coristi (male chorus members), Lola, and Alfio. Each painting has the title of the opera written in pen in the upper right hand corner, as well as the name of each character below the figure. Notably absent is the lead female character Santuzza. Due to the numberings on the upper left corners of the paintings, these seem to be a part of a larger series of paintings.","No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)","Six pen and watercolor paintings on paper of character and chorus member costume designs for the opera \"Cavalleria rusticana,\" circa 1890.","R 72, C 3, S 1","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Mascagni, Pietro, 1863-1945. (Title of work: Cavalleria rusticana.)","Italian"],"collection_title_tesim":["\"Cavalleria rusticana\" opera costume paintings, 1890"],"collection_ssim":["\"Cavalleria rusticana\" opera costume paintings, 1890"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0472","/repositories/2/resources/541"],"unitid_tesim":["C0472","/repositories/2/resources/541"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Mascagni, Pietro, 1863-1945. (Title of work: Cavalleria rusticana.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["Mascagni, Pietro, 1863-1945. (Title of work: Cavalleria rusticana.)","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased by Steve Gerber from J \u0026 J Lubrano Music Antiquarians in May 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Costume design","Opera","Verismo (Opera)","Watercolor painting"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Costume design","Opera","Verismo (Opera)","Watercolor painting"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".01 Linear Feet 6 paintings"],"extent_tesim":[".01 Linear Feet 6 paintings"],"date_range_isim":[1890],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collected was digitized by Mieko Palazzo and is available to view here: \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Cavalleria rusticana opera costume paintings\" href=\"https://digitalcollections.gmu.edu/search?c=%E2%80%9CCavalleria+rusticana%E2%80%9D+opera+costume+paintings\u0026amp;cc=%E2%80%9CCavalleria+rusticana%E2%80%9D+opera+costume+paintings\u0026amp;ln=en\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Format Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["This collected was digitized by Mieko Palazzo and is available to view here: ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a single folder collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This is a single folder collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBentley, Charlotte. \"Beyond Verismo: Massenet's La Navarraise and 'Realism' in Fin-de-Siècle Paris.\" Journal of the Royal Musical Association 144, no. 1 (2019): 29–54. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCantoni, L. and Schwarm, Betsy. \"Cavalleria rusticana.\" Encyclopaedia Britannica. Accessed March 9, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Cavalleria-rusticana-opera-by-Mascagni.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"The Story Behind Mascagni's Cavalleria Rusticana.\" Classic FM. Accessed March 9, 2021. https://www.classicfm.com/composers/mascagni/guides/story-behind-mascagnis-cavalleria-rusticana/.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Synopsis: Cavalleria Rusticana/Pagliacci.\" The Metropolitan Opera. Accessed March 9, 2021. https://www.metopera.org/user-information/synopses-archive/cav-pag.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Bentley, Charlotte. \"Beyond Verismo: Massenet's La Navarraise and 'Realism' in Fin-de-Siècle Paris.\" Journal of the Royal Musical Association 144, no. 1 (2019): 29–54.","Cantoni, L. and Schwarm, Betsy. \"Cavalleria rusticana.\" Encyclopaedia Britannica. Accessed March 9, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Cavalleria-rusticana-opera-by-Mascagni.","\"The Story Behind Mascagni's Cavalleria Rusticana.\" Classic FM. Accessed March 9, 2021. https://www.classicfm.com/composers/mascagni/guides/story-behind-mascagnis-cavalleria-rusticana/.","\"Synopsis: Cavalleria Rusticana/Pagliacci.\" The Metropolitan Opera. Accessed March 9, 2021. https://www.metopera.org/user-information/synopses-archive/cav-pag."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Cavalleria rusticana,\" translated from the Italian to \"rustic chivalry,\" is an 1890 opera by Pietro Mascagni. The catalyst of the \"verismo\" opera trend, \"Cavalleria rusticana\" was hailed for its music, passionate and realistic plot, and the punch it packed as a short opera, clocking in around 75 minutes (compared to a typical opera's 2.5-3 hour runtime). \"Cavalleria\" tells the story of Sicilian villagers Santuzza and Turiddu. Turridu has seduced Santuzza out of spite for being rejected by his former lover Lola, now married to Alfio. However, Turiddu begins an affair with Lola behind Santuzza's back, and in typical verismo fashion, passion and death ensue. Based on the story and play by Giovanni Verga, \"Cavalleria\" was an instant and massive success, and became Mascagni's most popular work, despite being his first. The composer himself was quoted as saying, \"It is a pity I wrote Cavalleria first...for I was crowned before I became king\" (ClassicFM.) \"Cavalleria rusticana\" is still performed today, traditionally in a double bill with the opera \"Pagliacci\" by Ruggero Leoncavallo, known as \"Cav/Pag.\" It is perhaps best known for its \"Intermezzo\" music.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["\"Cavalleria rusticana,\" translated from the Italian to \"rustic chivalry,\" is an 1890 opera by Pietro Mascagni. The catalyst of the \"verismo\" opera trend, \"Cavalleria rusticana\" was hailed for its music, passionate and realistic plot, and the punch it packed as a short opera, clocking in around 75 minutes (compared to a typical opera's 2.5-3 hour runtime). \"Cavalleria\" tells the story of Sicilian villagers Santuzza and Turiddu. Turridu has seduced Santuzza out of spite for being rejected by his former lover Lola, now married to Alfio. However, Turiddu begins an affair with Lola behind Santuzza's back, and in typical verismo fashion, passion and death ensue. Based on the story and play by Giovanni Verga, \"Cavalleria\" was an instant and massive success, and became Mascagni's most popular work, despite being his first. The composer himself was quoted as saying, \"It is a pity I wrote Cavalleria first...for I was crowned before I became king\" (ClassicFM.) \"Cavalleria rusticana\" is still performed today, traditionally in a double bill with the opera \"Pagliacci\" by Ruggero Leoncavallo, known as \"Cav/Pag.\" It is perhaps best known for its \"Intermezzo\" music."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Cavalleria rusticana\" opera costume paintings, C0472, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["\"Cavalleria rusticana\" opera costume paintings, C0472, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"'La Navarraise' opera scene and costume lithographs\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0471\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, as well as many other materials on opera and the performing arts.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds the , as well as many other materials on opera and the performing arts."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSix pen and watercolor paintings on paper of character and chorus member costume designs for the opera \"Cavalleria rusticana.\" Featured are Turiddu, Coriste (female chorus member), two Coristi (male chorus members), Lola, and Alfio. Each painting has the title of the opera written in pen in the upper right hand corner, as well as the name of each character below the figure. Notably absent is the lead female character Santuzza. Due to the numberings on the upper left corners of the paintings, these seem to be a part of a larger series of paintings.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Six pen and watercolor paintings on paper of character and chorus member costume designs for the opera \"Cavalleria rusticana.\" Featured are Turiddu, Coriste (female chorus member), two Coristi (male chorus members), Lola, and Alfio. Each painting has the title of the opera written in pen in the upper right hand corner, as well as the name of each character below the figure. Notably absent is the lead female character Santuzza. Due to the numberings on the upper left corners of the paintings, these seem to be a part of a larger series of paintings."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_91b0450187fb31dfccc7f2c45cf97d42\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eSix pen and watercolor paintings on paper of character and chorus member costume designs for the opera \"Cavalleria rusticana,\" circa 1890.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Six pen and watercolor paintings on paper of character and chorus member costume designs for the opera \"Cavalleria rusticana,\" circa 1890."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_2aa9686e9517ec2be30916925fb820f4\"\u003eR 72, C 3, S 1\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 72, C 3, S 1"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Mascagni, Pietro, 1863-1945. (Title of work: Cavalleria rusticana.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Mascagni, Pietro, 1863-1945. (Title of work: Cavalleria rusticana.)"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Mascagni, Pietro, 1863-1945. (Title of work: Cavalleria rusticana.)"],"language_ssim":["Italian"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:01.774Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_541"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_780","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"European opera singer and actor portrait collection","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_780#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_780#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"A collection of prints and photographs depicting European opera singers and actors from the 18th-20th century.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_780#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_780","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_780","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_780","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_780","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_780.xml","title_filing_ssi":"European opera singer and actor portrait collection","title_ssm":["European opera singer and actor portrait collection"],"title_tesim":["European opera singer and actor portrait collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1760s-1910s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1760s-1910s"],"normalized_title_ssm":["European opera singer and actor portrait collection"],"text":["European opera singer and actor portrait collection","C0555","/repositories/2/resources/780","Opera","Engraving","Lithography","Performing arts","Operetta","Theater","Theater -- Europe","Photogravures","Photographic prints","Photographs","There are no access restrictions.","Items are arranged alphabetically by subject last name.","A Modern Reveal: Songs and Stories of Women Composers. n.d. \"Delphine Ugalde.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.amodernreveal.com/delphine-ugalde.","Bienvenu, Germain. n.d. \"Research Guides: Louisiana Music History: Materials in Special Collections: Adelina Patti.\" Louisiana State University Libraries. Accessed July 17, 2026. https://guides.lib.lsu.edu/LouisianaMusic/patti.","British Museum. n.d. \"Alexandre Lacauchie.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG34480.","Cornélie Falcon, French Soprano. 1814. January 28. https://www.helvetialyrica.com/en/portfolio_page/falcon-soprano/.","Fuller, Nicholas. 2022. \"213. La Sirène (Auber).\" The Opera Scribe, April 29. https://operascribe.com/2022/04/29/213-la-sirene-auber/.","Gänzl, Kurt. 2014. \"You Dont Have to Be a Skinny to Be a Superstar: Marie Desclauzas.\" Offenbach \u0026 Co. Operetta Research Center, August 25. http://operetta-research-center.org/dont-skinny-soprano-superstar-marie-desclauzas/.","Les Archives Du Spectacle. 1835. \"Les Deux Reines.\" August 6. https://lesarchivesduspectacle.net/s/118775-Les-Deux-Reines.","Mary Evans Picture Library. n.d. \"Images of Dozainville, Baptiste-Pierre Dardel, French Actor, 1758-1809.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.maryevans.com/contributors/flo/dozainville-baptiste-pierre-dardel-45804499.html.","\"Meet Jenny Lind, One of America's First Female Celebrities.\" 2016. January 26. https://americanhistory.si.edu/explore/stories/jenny-lind.","Royal Collection Trust. n.d. \"David Joseph Desvachez (1822-1902) - THE ROYAL SISTERS.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.rct.uk/collection/606074/the-royal-sisters.","\"SPL Rare Books.\" n.d. Accessed July 13, 2026. https://www.splrarebooks.com/collection/view/petite-galerie-dramatique-ou-recueil-de-differents-costumes-dacteurs-.3.","Svenskt Kvinnobiografiskt Lexikon. n.d. \"Sigrid Taube Marie Arnoldson.\" Accessed July 13, 2026. http://skbl.se/en/article/SigridArnoldson.","Wikipedia. 2024. \"Delphine Ugalde.\" November 6. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Delphine_Ugalde\u0026oldid=1255705244.","Wikipedia. 2025. \"Constance Jawureck.\" March 10. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Constance_Jawureck\u0026oldid=1279778029.","Wikipedia. 2025. \"Georgette Bréjean-Silver.\" September 5. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Georgette_Br%C3%A9jean-Silver\u0026oldid=1309625020.","Wikipedia. 2025. \"Marie Magdalene Charlotte Ackermann.\" December 8. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marie_Magdalene_Charlotte_Ackermann\u0026oldid=1326343810.","Wikipedia. 2025. \"Martin-Joseph Mengal.\" August 11. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Martin-Joseph_Mengal\u0026oldid=1305418452.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Adelina Patti.\" July 6. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adelina_Patti\u0026oldid=1362846767.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Ernesto Rossi (actor).\" June 14. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ernesto_Rossi_(actor)\u0026oldid=1359283321.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Jenny Lind.\" July 1. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jenny_Lind\u0026oldid=1362039643.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Léopold-Émile Reutlinger.\" July 2. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=L%C3%A9opold-%C3%89mile_Reutlinger\u0026oldid=1362184806.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Marie Cabel.\" May 25. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marie_Cabel\u0026oldid=1356029357.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Marietta Brambilla.\" May 19. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marietta_Brambilla\u0026oldid=1354992490.","Johanna Maria Lind, known professionally as Jenny Lind, was born on October 6, 1820 in Stockholm, Sweden. Nicknamed the \"Swedish Nightingale,\" Lind gained fame as an operatic soprano throughout Europe starting at the age of 11. By the age of 28, Lind announced her retirement from the operatic stage, playing her last performance, which was attended by Queen Victoria and members of the British Royal Family, on May 10, 1849 in London, England. In September 1850, Lind sailed to America after showman P.T. Barnum offered her an 18-month contract to perform 150 concerts throughout the United States at the rate of $1,000 per performance. Barnum's advanced publicity led to Lind achieving national celebrity status even before she arrived in America, with the press at the time referring to the enthusiastic reception and high demand for tickets as \"Lind mania.\" Lind donated her earnings to charity, including an endowment of free schools in Sweden. After marrying Otto Goldschmidt in 1852 she returned to Europe where she remained until her death on November 2, 1887 at the age of 67.","Léopold-Émile Reutlinger was born March 17, 1863 in Callao, Peru to a German-Jewish family of photographers. In 1883 he joined the family's photography studio in Paris, France before taking over in 1890. Reutlinger is best know for his photographs of popular actresses and opera singers, including the stars of entertainment venues such as the Moulin Rouge and the Folies Bergère, as well as photographs for fashion and advertising and his pioneering work in erotic photography. He passed away on March 16, 1937 at the age of 73.","Additional biographical information for single image specific individuals can be found in the folder level Scope and Content.","Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in June 2026. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in July 2026.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other portrait etchings and illustrations, including Four hand-colored plates of \"The Tours of Dr. Syntax\" by Thomas Rowlandson and 18th and 19th century hand-colored prints of European figures and theatrical costumes.","The New York Public Library Digital Collections hold a large number of prints by Alexandre Lacauchie.","A collection of prints and photographs depicting European opera singers and actors from the 18th-20th century. A total of eighteen different individuals are depicted in the prints, with three depicting opera singer Jenny Lind. One print depicts a composer who worked in opera. Most prints include identifying information in French regarding the subject, with a few including text in English, and are a mix of formal and costume portraits. The prints represent a variety of mediums including lithographs, etchings, photogravure, and drawings based on photographs.","No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)","A collection of prints and photographs depicting European opera singers and actors from the 18th-20th century.","R 73, C 2, S 5","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Elliott \u0026 Fry","Hautecoeur-Martinet (Firm)","Imprimerie Lemercier et cie","Johnson, Fry \u0026 Co","Riddle \u0026 Couchman","Baugniet, Charles, 1814-1886","Desvachez, D. J. (David Joseph), 1822-1902","Durham, Joseph, 1814-1877","Lacauchie, Alexandre","Reutlinger, Léopold-Émile, 1863-1937","Vogt, Charles, active 1833-1882","Ackermann, Charlotte (Marie Magdalene Charlotte Ackermann), 1714-1757","Arnoldson, Sigrid, 1861-1943","Brambilla, Marietta, 1807-1875","Bréjean-Silver, Georgette, 1870-","Cabel, Marie, 1827-1885","Desclauzas, Marie, 1841-1912","Falcon, Marie-Cornélie, 1814-1897","Jawureck, Mme. (Constance), 1803-1858","Lind, Jenny, 1820-1887","Mengal, Martin-Joseph, 1784-1851","Patti, Adelina, 1843-1919","Ugalde, Delphine, 1829-1910","French\n      English"],"collection_title_tesim":["European opera singer and actor portrait collection"],"collection_ssim":["European opera singer and actor portrait collection"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0555","/repositories/2/resources/780"],"unitid_tesim":["C0555","/repositories/2/resources/780"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Baugniet, Charles, 1814-1886","Desvachez, D. J. (David Joseph), 1822-1902","Durham, Joseph, 1814-1877","Elliott \u0026 Fry","Hautecoeur-Martinet (Firm)","Imprimerie Lemercier et cie","Johnson, Fry \u0026 Co","Lacauchie, Alexandre","Reutlinger, Léopold-Émile, 1863-1937","Riddle \u0026 Couchman","Vogt, Charles, active 1833-1882"],"creator_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Baugniet, Charles, 1814-1886","Desvachez, D. J. (David Joseph), 1822-1902","Durham, Joseph, 1814-1877","Elliott \u0026 Fry","Hautecoeur-Martinet (Firm)","Imprimerie Lemercier et cie","Johnson, Fry \u0026 Co","Lacauchie, Alexandre","Reutlinger, Léopold-Émile, 1863-1937","Riddle \u0026 Couchman","Vogt, Charles, active 1833-1882"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Baugniet, Charles, 1814-1886","Desvachez, D. J. (David Joseph), 1822-1902","Durham, Joseph, 1814-1877","Lacauchie, Alexandre","Reutlinger, Léopold-Émile, 1863-1937","Vogt, Charles, active 1833-1882","Ackermann, Charlotte (Marie Magdalene Charlotte Ackermann), 1714-1757","Arnoldson, Sigrid, 1861-1943","Brambilla, Marietta, 1807-1875","Bréjean-Silver, Georgette, 1870-","Cabel, Marie, 1827-1885","Desclauzas, Marie, 1841-1912","Falcon, Marie-Cornélie, 1814-1897","Jawureck, Mme. (Constance), 1803-1858","Lind, Jenny, 1820-1887","Mengal, Martin-Joseph, 1784-1851","Patti, Adelina, 1843-1919","Ugalde, Delphine, 1829-1910"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Elliott \u0026 Fry","Hautecoeur-Martinet (Firm)","Imprimerie Lemercier et cie","Johnson, Fry \u0026 Co","Riddle \u0026 Couchman"],"creators_ssim":["Baugniet, Charles, 1814-1886","Desvachez, D. J. (David Joseph), 1822-1902","Durham, Joseph, 1814-1877","Lacauchie, Alexandre","Reutlinger, Léopold-Émile, 1863-1937","Vogt, Charles, active 1833-1882","Ackermann, Charlotte (Marie Magdalene Charlotte Ackermann), 1714-1757","Arnoldson, Sigrid, 1861-1943","Brambilla, Marietta, 1807-1875","Bréjean-Silver, Georgette, 1870-","Cabel, Marie, 1827-1885","Desclauzas, Marie, 1841-1912","Falcon, Marie-Cornélie, 1814-1897","Jawureck, Mme. (Constance), 1803-1858","Lind, Jenny, 1820-1887","Mengal, Martin-Joseph, 1784-1851","Patti, Adelina, 1843-1919","Ugalde, Delphine, 1829-1910","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Elliott \u0026 Fry","Hautecoeur-Martinet (Firm)","Imprimerie Lemercier et cie","Johnson, Fry \u0026 Co","Riddle \u0026 Couchman"],"access_terms_ssm":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased from Schubertiade Music by Lynn Eaton in March 2025."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Opera","Engraving","Lithography","Performing arts","Operetta","Theater","Theater -- Europe","Photogravures","Photographic prints","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Opera","Engraving","Lithography","Performing arts","Operetta","Theater","Theater -- Europe","Photogravures","Photographic prints","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".25 Linear Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":[".25 Linear Feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographic prints","Photographs"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eItems are arranged alphabetically by subject last name.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Items are arranged alphabetically by subject last name."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA Modern Reveal: Songs and Stories of Women Composers. n.d. \"Delphine Ugalde.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.amodernreveal.com/delphine-ugalde.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBienvenu, Germain. n.d. \"Research Guides: Louisiana Music History: Materials in Special Collections: Adelina Patti.\" Louisiana State University Libraries. Accessed July 17, 2026. https://guides.lib.lsu.edu/LouisianaMusic/patti.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBritish Museum. n.d. \"Alexandre Lacauchie.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG34480.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eCornélie Falcon, French Soprano\u003c/title\u003e. 1814. January 28. https://www.helvetialyrica.com/en/portfolio_page/falcon-soprano/.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFuller, Nicholas. 2022. \"213. La Sirène (Auber).\" \u003ctitle\u003eThe Opera Scribe\u003c/title\u003e, April 29. https://operascribe.com/2022/04/29/213-la-sirene-auber/.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGänzl, Kurt. 2014. \"You Dont Have to Be a Skinny to Be a Superstar: Marie Desclauzas.\" Offenbach \u0026amp; Co. Operetta Research Center, August 25. http://operetta-research-center.org/dont-skinny-soprano-superstar-marie-desclauzas/.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLes Archives Du Spectacle. 1835. \"Les Deux Reines.\" August 6. https://lesarchivesduspectacle.net/s/118775-Les-Deux-Reines.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMary Evans Picture Library. n.d. \"Images of Dozainville, Baptiste-Pierre Dardel, French Actor, 1758-1809.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.maryevans.com/contributors/flo/dozainville-baptiste-pierre-dardel-45804499.html.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Meet Jenny Lind, One of America's First Female Celebrities.\" 2016. January 26. https://americanhistory.si.edu/explore/stories/jenny-lind.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRoyal Collection Trust. n.d. \"David Joseph Desvachez (1822-1902) - THE ROYAL SISTERS.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.rct.uk/collection/606074/the-royal-sisters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"SPL Rare Books.\" n.d. Accessed July 13, 2026. https://www.splrarebooks.com/collection/view/petite-galerie-dramatique-ou-recueil-de-differents-costumes-dacteurs-.3.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSvenskt Kvinnobiografiskt Lexikon. n.d. \"Sigrid Taube Marie Arnoldson.\" Accessed July 13, 2026. http://skbl.se/en/article/SigridArnoldson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2024. \"Delphine Ugalde.\" November 6. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Delphine_Ugalde\u0026amp;oldid=1255705244.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2025. \"Constance Jawureck.\" March 10. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Constance_Jawureck\u0026amp;oldid=1279778029.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2025. \"Georgette Bréjean-Silver.\" September 5. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Georgette_Br%C3%A9jean-Silver\u0026amp;oldid=1309625020.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2025. \"Marie Magdalene Charlotte Ackermann.\" December 8. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marie_Magdalene_Charlotte_Ackermann\u0026amp;oldid=1326343810.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2025. \"Martin-Joseph Mengal.\" August 11. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Martin-Joseph_Mengal\u0026amp;oldid=1305418452.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2026. \"Adelina Patti.\" July 6. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adelina_Patti\u0026amp;oldid=1362846767.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2026. \"Ernesto Rossi (actor).\" June 14. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ernesto_Rossi_(actor)\u0026amp;oldid=1359283321.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2026. \"Jenny Lind.\" July 1. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jenny_Lind\u0026amp;oldid=1362039643.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2026. \"Léopold-Émile Reutlinger.\" July 2. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=L%C3%A9opold-%C3%89mile_Reutlinger\u0026amp;oldid=1362184806.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2026. \"Marie Cabel.\" May 25. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marie_Cabel\u0026amp;oldid=1356029357.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2026. \"Marietta Brambilla.\" May 19. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marietta_Brambilla\u0026amp;oldid=1354992490.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["A Modern Reveal: Songs and Stories of Women Composers. n.d. \"Delphine Ugalde.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.amodernreveal.com/delphine-ugalde.","Bienvenu, Germain. n.d. \"Research Guides: Louisiana Music History: Materials in Special Collections: Adelina Patti.\" Louisiana State University Libraries. Accessed July 17, 2026. https://guides.lib.lsu.edu/LouisianaMusic/patti.","British Museum. n.d. \"Alexandre Lacauchie.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG34480.","Cornélie Falcon, French Soprano. 1814. January 28. https://www.helvetialyrica.com/en/portfolio_page/falcon-soprano/.","Fuller, Nicholas. 2022. \"213. La Sirène (Auber).\" The Opera Scribe, April 29. https://operascribe.com/2022/04/29/213-la-sirene-auber/.","Gänzl, Kurt. 2014. \"You Dont Have to Be a Skinny to Be a Superstar: Marie Desclauzas.\" Offenbach \u0026 Co. Operetta Research Center, August 25. http://operetta-research-center.org/dont-skinny-soprano-superstar-marie-desclauzas/.","Les Archives Du Spectacle. 1835. \"Les Deux Reines.\" August 6. https://lesarchivesduspectacle.net/s/118775-Les-Deux-Reines.","Mary Evans Picture Library. n.d. \"Images of Dozainville, Baptiste-Pierre Dardel, French Actor, 1758-1809.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.maryevans.com/contributors/flo/dozainville-baptiste-pierre-dardel-45804499.html.","\"Meet Jenny Lind, One of America's First Female Celebrities.\" 2016. January 26. https://americanhistory.si.edu/explore/stories/jenny-lind.","Royal Collection Trust. n.d. \"David Joseph Desvachez (1822-1902) - THE ROYAL SISTERS.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.rct.uk/collection/606074/the-royal-sisters.","\"SPL Rare Books.\" n.d. Accessed July 13, 2026. https://www.splrarebooks.com/collection/view/petite-galerie-dramatique-ou-recueil-de-differents-costumes-dacteurs-.3.","Svenskt Kvinnobiografiskt Lexikon. n.d. \"Sigrid Taube Marie Arnoldson.\" Accessed July 13, 2026. http://skbl.se/en/article/SigridArnoldson.","Wikipedia. 2024. \"Delphine Ugalde.\" November 6. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Delphine_Ugalde\u0026oldid=1255705244.","Wikipedia. 2025. \"Constance Jawureck.\" March 10. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Constance_Jawureck\u0026oldid=1279778029.","Wikipedia. 2025. \"Georgette Bréjean-Silver.\" September 5. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Georgette_Br%C3%A9jean-Silver\u0026oldid=1309625020.","Wikipedia. 2025. \"Marie Magdalene Charlotte Ackermann.\" December 8. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marie_Magdalene_Charlotte_Ackermann\u0026oldid=1326343810.","Wikipedia. 2025. \"Martin-Joseph Mengal.\" August 11. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Martin-Joseph_Mengal\u0026oldid=1305418452.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Adelina Patti.\" July 6. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adelina_Patti\u0026oldid=1362846767.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Ernesto Rossi (actor).\" June 14. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ernesto_Rossi_(actor)\u0026oldid=1359283321.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Jenny Lind.\" July 1. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jenny_Lind\u0026oldid=1362039643.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Léopold-Émile Reutlinger.\" July 2. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=L%C3%A9opold-%C3%89mile_Reutlinger\u0026oldid=1362184806.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Marie Cabel.\" May 25. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marie_Cabel\u0026oldid=1356029357.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Marietta Brambilla.\" May 19. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marietta_Brambilla\u0026oldid=1354992490."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohanna Maria Lind, known professionally as Jenny Lind, was born on October 6, 1820 in Stockholm, Sweden. Nicknamed the \"Swedish Nightingale,\" Lind gained fame as an operatic soprano throughout Europe starting at the age of 11. By the age of 28, Lind announced her retirement from the operatic stage, playing her last performance, which was attended by Queen Victoria and members of the British Royal Family, on May 10, 1849 in London, England. In September 1850, Lind sailed to America after showman P.T. Barnum offered her an 18-month contract to perform 150 concerts throughout the United States at the rate of $1,000 per performance. Barnum's advanced publicity led to Lind achieving national celebrity status even before she arrived in America, with the press at the time referring to the enthusiastic reception and high demand for tickets as \"Lind mania.\" Lind donated her earnings to charity, including an endowment of free schools in Sweden. After marrying Otto Goldschmidt in 1852 she returned to Europe where she remained until her death on November 2, 1887 at the age of 67.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLéopold-Émile Reutlinger was born March 17, 1863 in Callao, Peru to a German-Jewish family of photographers. In 1883 he joined the family's photography studio in Paris, France before taking over in 1890. Reutlinger is best know for his photographs of popular actresses and opera singers, including the stars of entertainment venues such as the Moulin Rouge and the Folies Bergère, as well as photographs for fashion and advertising and his pioneering work in erotic photography. He passed away on March 16, 1937 at the age of 73.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional biographical information for single image specific individuals can be found in the folder level Scope and Content.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Johanna Maria Lind, known professionally as Jenny Lind, was born on October 6, 1820 in Stockholm, Sweden. Nicknamed the \"Swedish Nightingale,\" Lind gained fame as an operatic soprano throughout Europe starting at the age of 11. By the age of 28, Lind announced her retirement from the operatic stage, playing her last performance, which was attended by Queen Victoria and members of the British Royal Family, on May 10, 1849 in London, England. In September 1850, Lind sailed to America after showman P.T. Barnum offered her an 18-month contract to perform 150 concerts throughout the United States at the rate of $1,000 per performance. Barnum's advanced publicity led to Lind achieving national celebrity status even before she arrived in America, with the press at the time referring to the enthusiastic reception and high demand for tickets as \"Lind mania.\" Lind donated her earnings to charity, including an endowment of free schools in Sweden. After marrying Otto Goldschmidt in 1852 she returned to Europe where she remained until her death on November 2, 1887 at the age of 67.","Léopold-Émile Reutlinger was born March 17, 1863 in Callao, Peru to a German-Jewish family of photographers. In 1883 he joined the family's photography studio in Paris, France before taking over in 1890. Reutlinger is best know for his photographs of popular actresses and opera singers, including the stars of entertainment venues such as the Moulin Rouge and the Folies Bergère, as well as photographs for fashion and advertising and his pioneering work in erotic photography. He passed away on March 16, 1937 at the age of 73.","Additional biographical information for single image specific individuals can be found in the folder level Scope and Content."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEuropean opera singer and actor portrait collection, C0555, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["European opera singer and actor portrait collection, C0555, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in June 2026. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in July 2026.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in June 2026. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in July 2026."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other portrait etchings and illustrations, including \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0552\"\u003eFour hand-colored plates of \"The Tours of Dr. Syntax\" by Thomas Rowlandson\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0554\"\u003e18th and 19th century hand-colored prints of European figures and theatrical costumes\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ca href=\"https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/search/index?filters=%5Bname%3DLacauchie%2C+Alexandre%5D\"\u003eNew York Public Library Digital Collections\u003c/a\u003e hold a large number of prints by Alexandre Lacauchie.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other portrait etchings and illustrations, including Four hand-colored plates of \"The Tours of Dr. Syntax\" by Thomas Rowlandson and 18th and 19th century hand-colored prints of European figures and theatrical costumes.","The New York Public Library Digital Collections hold a large number of prints by Alexandre Lacauchie."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA collection of prints and photographs depicting European opera singers and actors from the 18th-20th century. A total of eighteen different individuals are depicted in the prints, with three depicting opera singer Jenny Lind. One print depicts a composer who worked in opera. Most prints include identifying information in French regarding the subject, with a few including text in English, and are a mix of formal and costume portraits. The prints represent a variety of mediums including lithographs, etchings, photogravure, and drawings based on photographs.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A collection of prints and photographs depicting European opera singers and actors from the 18th-20th century. A total of eighteen different individuals are depicted in the prints, with three depicting opera singer Jenny Lind. One print depicts a composer who worked in opera. Most prints include identifying information in French regarding the subject, with a few including text in English, and are a mix of formal and costume portraits. The prints represent a variety of mediums including lithographs, etchings, photogravure, and drawings based on photographs."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a3f26d8f526cece4b95cd6c4d57fb742\"\u003eA collection of prints and photographs depicting European opera singers and actors from the 18th-20th century.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["A collection of prints and photographs depicting European opera singers and actors from the 18th-20th century."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_82c0971d2349afc8fda9521f2397cdbf\"\u003eR 73, C 2, S 5\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 73, C 2, S 5"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Elliott \u0026 Fry","Hautecoeur-Martinet (Firm)","Imprimerie Lemercier et cie","Johnson, Fry \u0026 Co","Riddle \u0026 Couchman"],"names_coll_ssim":["Elliott \u0026 Fry","Hautecoeur-Martinet (Firm)","Imprimerie Lemercier et cie","Johnson, Fry \u0026 Co","Riddle \u0026 Couchman","Ackermann, Charlotte (Marie Magdalene Charlotte Ackermann), 1714-1757","Arnoldson, Sigrid, 1861-1943","Brambilla, Marietta, 1807-1875","Bréjean-Silver, Georgette, 1870-","Cabel, Marie, 1827-1885","Desclauzas, Marie, 1841-1912","Falcon, Marie-Cornélie, 1814-1897","Jawureck, Mme. (Constance), 1803-1858","Lind, Jenny, 1820-1887","Mengal, Martin-Joseph, 1784-1851","Patti, Adelina, 1843-1919","Ugalde, Delphine, 1829-1910","Baugniet, Charles, 1814-1886","Desvachez, D. J. (David Joseph), 1822-1902","Durham, Joseph, 1814-1877","Lacauchie, Alexandre","Reutlinger, Léopold-Émile, 1863-1937","Vogt, Charles, active 1833-1882"],"persname_ssim":["Baugniet, Charles, 1814-1886","Desvachez, D. J. (David Joseph), 1822-1902","Durham, Joseph, 1814-1877","Lacauchie, Alexandre","Reutlinger, Léopold-Émile, 1863-1937","Vogt, Charles, active 1833-1882","Ackermann, Charlotte (Marie Magdalene Charlotte Ackermann), 1714-1757","Arnoldson, Sigrid, 1861-1943","Brambilla, Marietta, 1807-1875","Bréjean-Silver, Georgette, 1870-","Cabel, Marie, 1827-1885","Desclauzas, Marie, 1841-1912","Falcon, Marie-Cornélie, 1814-1897","Jawureck, Mme. (Constance), 1803-1858","Lind, Jenny, 1820-1887","Mengal, Martin-Joseph, 1784-1851","Patti, Adelina, 1843-1919","Ugalde, Delphine, 1829-1910"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Elliott \u0026 Fry","Hautecoeur-Martinet (Firm)","Imprimerie Lemercier et cie","Johnson, Fry \u0026 Co","Riddle \u0026 Couchman","Baugniet, Charles, 1814-1886","Desvachez, D. J. (David Joseph), 1822-1902","Durham, Joseph, 1814-1877","Lacauchie, Alexandre","Reutlinger, Léopold-Émile, 1863-1937","Vogt, Charles, active 1833-1882","Ackermann, Charlotte (Marie Magdalene Charlotte Ackermann), 1714-1757","Arnoldson, Sigrid, 1861-1943","Brambilla, Marietta, 1807-1875","Bréjean-Silver, Georgette, 1870-","Cabel, Marie, 1827-1885","Desclauzas, Marie, 1841-1912","Falcon, Marie-Cornélie, 1814-1897","Jawureck, Mme. (Constance), 1803-1858","Lind, Jenny, 1820-1887","Mengal, Martin-Joseph, 1784-1851","Patti, Adelina, 1843-1919","Ugalde, Delphine, 1829-1910"],"language_ssim":["French\n      English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":19,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:20.288Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_780","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_780","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_780","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_780","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_780.xml","title_filing_ssi":"European opera singer and actor portrait collection","title_ssm":["European opera singer and actor portrait collection"],"title_tesim":["European opera singer and actor portrait collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1760s-1910s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1760s-1910s"],"normalized_title_ssm":["European opera singer and actor portrait collection"],"text":["European opera singer and actor portrait collection","C0555","/repositories/2/resources/780","Opera","Engraving","Lithography","Performing arts","Operetta","Theater","Theater -- Europe","Photogravures","Photographic prints","Photographs","There are no access restrictions.","Items are arranged alphabetically by subject last name.","A Modern Reveal: Songs and Stories of Women Composers. n.d. \"Delphine Ugalde.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.amodernreveal.com/delphine-ugalde.","Bienvenu, Germain. n.d. \"Research Guides: Louisiana Music History: Materials in Special Collections: Adelina Patti.\" Louisiana State University Libraries. Accessed July 17, 2026. https://guides.lib.lsu.edu/LouisianaMusic/patti.","British Museum. n.d. \"Alexandre Lacauchie.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG34480.","Cornélie Falcon, French Soprano. 1814. January 28. https://www.helvetialyrica.com/en/portfolio_page/falcon-soprano/.","Fuller, Nicholas. 2022. \"213. La Sirène (Auber).\" The Opera Scribe, April 29. https://operascribe.com/2022/04/29/213-la-sirene-auber/.","Gänzl, Kurt. 2014. \"You Dont Have to Be a Skinny to Be a Superstar: Marie Desclauzas.\" Offenbach \u0026 Co. Operetta Research Center, August 25. http://operetta-research-center.org/dont-skinny-soprano-superstar-marie-desclauzas/.","Les Archives Du Spectacle. 1835. \"Les Deux Reines.\" August 6. https://lesarchivesduspectacle.net/s/118775-Les-Deux-Reines.","Mary Evans Picture Library. n.d. \"Images of Dozainville, Baptiste-Pierre Dardel, French Actor, 1758-1809.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.maryevans.com/contributors/flo/dozainville-baptiste-pierre-dardel-45804499.html.","\"Meet Jenny Lind, One of America's First Female Celebrities.\" 2016. January 26. https://americanhistory.si.edu/explore/stories/jenny-lind.","Royal Collection Trust. n.d. \"David Joseph Desvachez (1822-1902) - THE ROYAL SISTERS.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.rct.uk/collection/606074/the-royal-sisters.","\"SPL Rare Books.\" n.d. Accessed July 13, 2026. https://www.splrarebooks.com/collection/view/petite-galerie-dramatique-ou-recueil-de-differents-costumes-dacteurs-.3.","Svenskt Kvinnobiografiskt Lexikon. n.d. \"Sigrid Taube Marie Arnoldson.\" Accessed July 13, 2026. http://skbl.se/en/article/SigridArnoldson.","Wikipedia. 2024. \"Delphine Ugalde.\" November 6. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Delphine_Ugalde\u0026oldid=1255705244.","Wikipedia. 2025. \"Constance Jawureck.\" March 10. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Constance_Jawureck\u0026oldid=1279778029.","Wikipedia. 2025. \"Georgette Bréjean-Silver.\" September 5. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Georgette_Br%C3%A9jean-Silver\u0026oldid=1309625020.","Wikipedia. 2025. \"Marie Magdalene Charlotte Ackermann.\" December 8. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marie_Magdalene_Charlotte_Ackermann\u0026oldid=1326343810.","Wikipedia. 2025. \"Martin-Joseph Mengal.\" August 11. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Martin-Joseph_Mengal\u0026oldid=1305418452.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Adelina Patti.\" July 6. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adelina_Patti\u0026oldid=1362846767.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Ernesto Rossi (actor).\" June 14. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ernesto_Rossi_(actor)\u0026oldid=1359283321.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Jenny Lind.\" July 1. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jenny_Lind\u0026oldid=1362039643.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Léopold-Émile Reutlinger.\" July 2. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=L%C3%A9opold-%C3%89mile_Reutlinger\u0026oldid=1362184806.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Marie Cabel.\" May 25. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marie_Cabel\u0026oldid=1356029357.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Marietta Brambilla.\" May 19. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marietta_Brambilla\u0026oldid=1354992490.","Johanna Maria Lind, known professionally as Jenny Lind, was born on October 6, 1820 in Stockholm, Sweden. Nicknamed the \"Swedish Nightingale,\" Lind gained fame as an operatic soprano throughout Europe starting at the age of 11. By the age of 28, Lind announced her retirement from the operatic stage, playing her last performance, which was attended by Queen Victoria and members of the British Royal Family, on May 10, 1849 in London, England. In September 1850, Lind sailed to America after showman P.T. Barnum offered her an 18-month contract to perform 150 concerts throughout the United States at the rate of $1,000 per performance. Barnum's advanced publicity led to Lind achieving national celebrity status even before she arrived in America, with the press at the time referring to the enthusiastic reception and high demand for tickets as \"Lind mania.\" Lind donated her earnings to charity, including an endowment of free schools in Sweden. After marrying Otto Goldschmidt in 1852 she returned to Europe where she remained until her death on November 2, 1887 at the age of 67.","Léopold-Émile Reutlinger was born March 17, 1863 in Callao, Peru to a German-Jewish family of photographers. In 1883 he joined the family's photography studio in Paris, France before taking over in 1890. Reutlinger is best know for his photographs of popular actresses and opera singers, including the stars of entertainment venues such as the Moulin Rouge and the Folies Bergère, as well as photographs for fashion and advertising and his pioneering work in erotic photography. He passed away on March 16, 1937 at the age of 73.","Additional biographical information for single image specific individuals can be found in the folder level Scope and Content.","Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in June 2026. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in July 2026.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other portrait etchings and illustrations, including Four hand-colored plates of \"The Tours of Dr. Syntax\" by Thomas Rowlandson and 18th and 19th century hand-colored prints of European figures and theatrical costumes.","The New York Public Library Digital Collections hold a large number of prints by Alexandre Lacauchie.","A collection of prints and photographs depicting European opera singers and actors from the 18th-20th century. A total of eighteen different individuals are depicted in the prints, with three depicting opera singer Jenny Lind. One print depicts a composer who worked in opera. Most prints include identifying information in French regarding the subject, with a few including text in English, and are a mix of formal and costume portraits. The prints represent a variety of mediums including lithographs, etchings, photogravure, and drawings based on photographs.","No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)","A collection of prints and photographs depicting European opera singers and actors from the 18th-20th century.","R 73, C 2, S 5","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Elliott \u0026 Fry","Hautecoeur-Martinet (Firm)","Imprimerie Lemercier et cie","Johnson, Fry \u0026 Co","Riddle \u0026 Couchman","Baugniet, Charles, 1814-1886","Desvachez, D. J. (David Joseph), 1822-1902","Durham, Joseph, 1814-1877","Lacauchie, Alexandre","Reutlinger, Léopold-Émile, 1863-1937","Vogt, Charles, active 1833-1882","Ackermann, Charlotte (Marie Magdalene Charlotte Ackermann), 1714-1757","Arnoldson, Sigrid, 1861-1943","Brambilla, Marietta, 1807-1875","Bréjean-Silver, Georgette, 1870-","Cabel, Marie, 1827-1885","Desclauzas, Marie, 1841-1912","Falcon, Marie-Cornélie, 1814-1897","Jawureck, Mme. (Constance), 1803-1858","Lind, Jenny, 1820-1887","Mengal, Martin-Joseph, 1784-1851","Patti, Adelina, 1843-1919","Ugalde, Delphine, 1829-1910","French\n      English"],"collection_title_tesim":["European opera singer and actor portrait collection"],"collection_ssim":["European opera singer and actor portrait collection"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0555","/repositories/2/resources/780"],"unitid_tesim":["C0555","/repositories/2/resources/780"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Baugniet, Charles, 1814-1886","Desvachez, D. J. (David Joseph), 1822-1902","Durham, Joseph, 1814-1877","Elliott \u0026 Fry","Hautecoeur-Martinet (Firm)","Imprimerie Lemercier et cie","Johnson, Fry \u0026 Co","Lacauchie, Alexandre","Reutlinger, Léopold-Émile, 1863-1937","Riddle \u0026 Couchman","Vogt, Charles, active 1833-1882"],"creator_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Baugniet, Charles, 1814-1886","Desvachez, D. J. (David Joseph), 1822-1902","Durham, Joseph, 1814-1877","Elliott \u0026 Fry","Hautecoeur-Martinet (Firm)","Imprimerie Lemercier et cie","Johnson, Fry \u0026 Co","Lacauchie, Alexandre","Reutlinger, Léopold-Émile, 1863-1937","Riddle \u0026 Couchman","Vogt, Charles, active 1833-1882"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Baugniet, Charles, 1814-1886","Desvachez, D. J. (David Joseph), 1822-1902","Durham, Joseph, 1814-1877","Lacauchie, Alexandre","Reutlinger, Léopold-Émile, 1863-1937","Vogt, Charles, active 1833-1882","Ackermann, Charlotte (Marie Magdalene Charlotte Ackermann), 1714-1757","Arnoldson, Sigrid, 1861-1943","Brambilla, Marietta, 1807-1875","Bréjean-Silver, Georgette, 1870-","Cabel, Marie, 1827-1885","Desclauzas, Marie, 1841-1912","Falcon, Marie-Cornélie, 1814-1897","Jawureck, Mme. (Constance), 1803-1858","Lind, Jenny, 1820-1887","Mengal, Martin-Joseph, 1784-1851","Patti, Adelina, 1843-1919","Ugalde, Delphine, 1829-1910"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Elliott \u0026 Fry","Hautecoeur-Martinet (Firm)","Imprimerie Lemercier et cie","Johnson, Fry \u0026 Co","Riddle \u0026 Couchman"],"creators_ssim":["Baugniet, Charles, 1814-1886","Desvachez, D. J. (David Joseph), 1822-1902","Durham, Joseph, 1814-1877","Lacauchie, Alexandre","Reutlinger, Léopold-Émile, 1863-1937","Vogt, Charles, active 1833-1882","Ackermann, Charlotte (Marie Magdalene Charlotte Ackermann), 1714-1757","Arnoldson, Sigrid, 1861-1943","Brambilla, Marietta, 1807-1875","Bréjean-Silver, Georgette, 1870-","Cabel, Marie, 1827-1885","Desclauzas, Marie, 1841-1912","Falcon, Marie-Cornélie, 1814-1897","Jawureck, Mme. (Constance), 1803-1858","Lind, Jenny, 1820-1887","Mengal, Martin-Joseph, 1784-1851","Patti, Adelina, 1843-1919","Ugalde, Delphine, 1829-1910","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Elliott \u0026 Fry","Hautecoeur-Martinet (Firm)","Imprimerie Lemercier et cie","Johnson, Fry \u0026 Co","Riddle \u0026 Couchman"],"access_terms_ssm":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased from Schubertiade Music by Lynn Eaton in March 2025."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Opera","Engraving","Lithography","Performing arts","Operetta","Theater","Theater -- Europe","Photogravures","Photographic prints","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Opera","Engraving","Lithography","Performing arts","Operetta","Theater","Theater -- Europe","Photogravures","Photographic prints","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".25 Linear Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":[".25 Linear Feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographic prints","Photographs"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eItems are arranged alphabetically by subject last name.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Items are arranged alphabetically by subject last name."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA Modern Reveal: Songs and Stories of Women Composers. n.d. \"Delphine Ugalde.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.amodernreveal.com/delphine-ugalde.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBienvenu, Germain. n.d. \"Research Guides: Louisiana Music History: Materials in Special Collections: Adelina Patti.\" Louisiana State University Libraries. Accessed July 17, 2026. https://guides.lib.lsu.edu/LouisianaMusic/patti.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBritish Museum. n.d. \"Alexandre Lacauchie.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG34480.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eCornélie Falcon, French Soprano\u003c/title\u003e. 1814. January 28. https://www.helvetialyrica.com/en/portfolio_page/falcon-soprano/.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFuller, Nicholas. 2022. \"213. La Sirène (Auber).\" \u003ctitle\u003eThe Opera Scribe\u003c/title\u003e, April 29. https://operascribe.com/2022/04/29/213-la-sirene-auber/.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGänzl, Kurt. 2014. \"You Dont Have to Be a Skinny to Be a Superstar: Marie Desclauzas.\" Offenbach \u0026amp; Co. Operetta Research Center, August 25. http://operetta-research-center.org/dont-skinny-soprano-superstar-marie-desclauzas/.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLes Archives Du Spectacle. 1835. \"Les Deux Reines.\" August 6. https://lesarchivesduspectacle.net/s/118775-Les-Deux-Reines.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMary Evans Picture Library. n.d. \"Images of Dozainville, Baptiste-Pierre Dardel, French Actor, 1758-1809.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.maryevans.com/contributors/flo/dozainville-baptiste-pierre-dardel-45804499.html.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Meet Jenny Lind, One of America's First Female Celebrities.\" 2016. January 26. https://americanhistory.si.edu/explore/stories/jenny-lind.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRoyal Collection Trust. n.d. \"David Joseph Desvachez (1822-1902) - THE ROYAL SISTERS.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.rct.uk/collection/606074/the-royal-sisters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"SPL Rare Books.\" n.d. Accessed July 13, 2026. https://www.splrarebooks.com/collection/view/petite-galerie-dramatique-ou-recueil-de-differents-costumes-dacteurs-.3.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSvenskt Kvinnobiografiskt Lexikon. n.d. \"Sigrid Taube Marie Arnoldson.\" Accessed July 13, 2026. http://skbl.se/en/article/SigridArnoldson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2024. \"Delphine Ugalde.\" November 6. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Delphine_Ugalde\u0026amp;oldid=1255705244.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2025. \"Constance Jawureck.\" March 10. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Constance_Jawureck\u0026amp;oldid=1279778029.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2025. \"Georgette Bréjean-Silver.\" September 5. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Georgette_Br%C3%A9jean-Silver\u0026amp;oldid=1309625020.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2025. \"Marie Magdalene Charlotte Ackermann.\" December 8. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marie_Magdalene_Charlotte_Ackermann\u0026amp;oldid=1326343810.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2025. \"Martin-Joseph Mengal.\" August 11. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Martin-Joseph_Mengal\u0026amp;oldid=1305418452.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2026. \"Adelina Patti.\" July 6. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adelina_Patti\u0026amp;oldid=1362846767.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2026. \"Ernesto Rossi (actor).\" June 14. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ernesto_Rossi_(actor)\u0026amp;oldid=1359283321.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2026. \"Jenny Lind.\" July 1. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jenny_Lind\u0026amp;oldid=1362039643.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2026. \"Léopold-Émile Reutlinger.\" July 2. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=L%C3%A9opold-%C3%89mile_Reutlinger\u0026amp;oldid=1362184806.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2026. \"Marie Cabel.\" May 25. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marie_Cabel\u0026amp;oldid=1356029357.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. 2026. \"Marietta Brambilla.\" May 19. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marietta_Brambilla\u0026amp;oldid=1354992490.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["A Modern Reveal: Songs and Stories of Women Composers. n.d. \"Delphine Ugalde.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.amodernreveal.com/delphine-ugalde.","Bienvenu, Germain. n.d. \"Research Guides: Louisiana Music History: Materials in Special Collections: Adelina Patti.\" Louisiana State University Libraries. Accessed July 17, 2026. https://guides.lib.lsu.edu/LouisianaMusic/patti.","British Museum. n.d. \"Alexandre Lacauchie.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG34480.","Cornélie Falcon, French Soprano. 1814. January 28. https://www.helvetialyrica.com/en/portfolio_page/falcon-soprano/.","Fuller, Nicholas. 2022. \"213. La Sirène (Auber).\" The Opera Scribe, April 29. https://operascribe.com/2022/04/29/213-la-sirene-auber/.","Gänzl, Kurt. 2014. \"You Dont Have to Be a Skinny to Be a Superstar: Marie Desclauzas.\" Offenbach \u0026 Co. Operetta Research Center, August 25. http://operetta-research-center.org/dont-skinny-soprano-superstar-marie-desclauzas/.","Les Archives Du Spectacle. 1835. \"Les Deux Reines.\" August 6. https://lesarchivesduspectacle.net/s/118775-Les-Deux-Reines.","Mary Evans Picture Library. n.d. \"Images of Dozainville, Baptiste-Pierre Dardel, French Actor, 1758-1809.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.maryevans.com/contributors/flo/dozainville-baptiste-pierre-dardel-45804499.html.","\"Meet Jenny Lind, One of America's First Female Celebrities.\" 2016. January 26. https://americanhistory.si.edu/explore/stories/jenny-lind.","Royal Collection Trust. n.d. \"David Joseph Desvachez (1822-1902) - THE ROYAL SISTERS.\" Accessed July 17, 2026. https://www.rct.uk/collection/606074/the-royal-sisters.","\"SPL Rare Books.\" n.d. Accessed July 13, 2026. https://www.splrarebooks.com/collection/view/petite-galerie-dramatique-ou-recueil-de-differents-costumes-dacteurs-.3.","Svenskt Kvinnobiografiskt Lexikon. n.d. \"Sigrid Taube Marie Arnoldson.\" Accessed July 13, 2026. http://skbl.se/en/article/SigridArnoldson.","Wikipedia. 2024. \"Delphine Ugalde.\" November 6. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Delphine_Ugalde\u0026oldid=1255705244.","Wikipedia. 2025. \"Constance Jawureck.\" March 10. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Constance_Jawureck\u0026oldid=1279778029.","Wikipedia. 2025. \"Georgette Bréjean-Silver.\" September 5. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Georgette_Br%C3%A9jean-Silver\u0026oldid=1309625020.","Wikipedia. 2025. \"Marie Magdalene Charlotte Ackermann.\" December 8. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marie_Magdalene_Charlotte_Ackermann\u0026oldid=1326343810.","Wikipedia. 2025. \"Martin-Joseph Mengal.\" August 11. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Martin-Joseph_Mengal\u0026oldid=1305418452.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Adelina Patti.\" July 6. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adelina_Patti\u0026oldid=1362846767.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Ernesto Rossi (actor).\" June 14. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ernesto_Rossi_(actor)\u0026oldid=1359283321.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Jenny Lind.\" July 1. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jenny_Lind\u0026oldid=1362039643.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Léopold-Émile Reutlinger.\" July 2. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=L%C3%A9opold-%C3%89mile_Reutlinger\u0026oldid=1362184806.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Marie Cabel.\" May 25. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marie_Cabel\u0026oldid=1356029357.","Wikipedia. 2026. \"Marietta Brambilla.\" May 19. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marietta_Brambilla\u0026oldid=1354992490."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohanna Maria Lind, known professionally as Jenny Lind, was born on October 6, 1820 in Stockholm, Sweden. Nicknamed the \"Swedish Nightingale,\" Lind gained fame as an operatic soprano throughout Europe starting at the age of 11. By the age of 28, Lind announced her retirement from the operatic stage, playing her last performance, which was attended by Queen Victoria and members of the British Royal Family, on May 10, 1849 in London, England. In September 1850, Lind sailed to America after showman P.T. Barnum offered her an 18-month contract to perform 150 concerts throughout the United States at the rate of $1,000 per performance. Barnum's advanced publicity led to Lind achieving national celebrity status even before she arrived in America, with the press at the time referring to the enthusiastic reception and high demand for tickets as \"Lind mania.\" Lind donated her earnings to charity, including an endowment of free schools in Sweden. After marrying Otto Goldschmidt in 1852 she returned to Europe where she remained until her death on November 2, 1887 at the age of 67.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLéopold-Émile Reutlinger was born March 17, 1863 in Callao, Peru to a German-Jewish family of photographers. In 1883 he joined the family's photography studio in Paris, France before taking over in 1890. Reutlinger is best know for his photographs of popular actresses and opera singers, including the stars of entertainment venues such as the Moulin Rouge and the Folies Bergère, as well as photographs for fashion and advertising and his pioneering work in erotic photography. He passed away on March 16, 1937 at the age of 73.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional biographical information for single image specific individuals can be found in the folder level Scope and Content.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Johanna Maria Lind, known professionally as Jenny Lind, was born on October 6, 1820 in Stockholm, Sweden. Nicknamed the \"Swedish Nightingale,\" Lind gained fame as an operatic soprano throughout Europe starting at the age of 11. By the age of 28, Lind announced her retirement from the operatic stage, playing her last performance, which was attended by Queen Victoria and members of the British Royal Family, on May 10, 1849 in London, England. In September 1850, Lind sailed to America after showman P.T. Barnum offered her an 18-month contract to perform 150 concerts throughout the United States at the rate of $1,000 per performance. Barnum's advanced publicity led to Lind achieving national celebrity status even before she arrived in America, with the press at the time referring to the enthusiastic reception and high demand for tickets as \"Lind mania.\" Lind donated her earnings to charity, including an endowment of free schools in Sweden. After marrying Otto Goldschmidt in 1852 she returned to Europe where she remained until her death on November 2, 1887 at the age of 67.","Léopold-Émile Reutlinger was born March 17, 1863 in Callao, Peru to a German-Jewish family of photographers. In 1883 he joined the family's photography studio in Paris, France before taking over in 1890. Reutlinger is best know for his photographs of popular actresses and opera singers, including the stars of entertainment venues such as the Moulin Rouge and the Folies Bergère, as well as photographs for fashion and advertising and his pioneering work in erotic photography. He passed away on March 16, 1937 at the age of 73.","Additional biographical information for single image specific individuals can be found in the folder level Scope and Content."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEuropean opera singer and actor portrait collection, C0555, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["European opera singer and actor portrait collection, C0555, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in June 2026. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in July 2026.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in June 2026. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in July 2026."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other portrait etchings and illustrations, including \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0552\"\u003eFour hand-colored plates of \"The Tours of Dr. Syntax\" by Thomas Rowlandson\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0554\"\u003e18th and 19th century hand-colored prints of European figures and theatrical costumes\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ca href=\"https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/search/index?filters=%5Bname%3DLacauchie%2C+Alexandre%5D\"\u003eNew York Public Library Digital Collections\u003c/a\u003e hold a large number of prints by Alexandre Lacauchie.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other portrait etchings and illustrations, including Four hand-colored plates of \"The Tours of Dr. Syntax\" by Thomas Rowlandson and 18th and 19th century hand-colored prints of European figures and theatrical costumes.","The New York Public Library Digital Collections hold a large number of prints by Alexandre Lacauchie."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA collection of prints and photographs depicting European opera singers and actors from the 18th-20th century. A total of eighteen different individuals are depicted in the prints, with three depicting opera singer Jenny Lind. One print depicts a composer who worked in opera. Most prints include identifying information in French regarding the subject, with a few including text in English, and are a mix of formal and costume portraits. The prints represent a variety of mediums including lithographs, etchings, photogravure, and drawings based on photographs.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A collection of prints and photographs depicting European opera singers and actors from the 18th-20th century. A total of eighteen different individuals are depicted in the prints, with three depicting opera singer Jenny Lind. One print depicts a composer who worked in opera. Most prints include identifying information in French regarding the subject, with a few including text in English, and are a mix of formal and costume portraits. The prints represent a variety of mediums including lithographs, etchings, photogravure, and drawings based on photographs."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a3f26d8f526cece4b95cd6c4d57fb742\"\u003eA collection of prints and photographs depicting European opera singers and actors from the 18th-20th century.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["A collection of prints and photographs depicting European opera singers and actors from the 18th-20th century."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_82c0971d2349afc8fda9521f2397cdbf\"\u003eR 73, C 2, S 5\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 73, C 2, S 5"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Elliott \u0026 Fry","Hautecoeur-Martinet (Firm)","Imprimerie Lemercier et cie","Johnson, Fry \u0026 Co","Riddle \u0026 Couchman"],"names_coll_ssim":["Elliott \u0026 Fry","Hautecoeur-Martinet (Firm)","Imprimerie Lemercier et cie","Johnson, Fry \u0026 Co","Riddle \u0026 Couchman","Ackermann, Charlotte (Marie Magdalene Charlotte Ackermann), 1714-1757","Arnoldson, Sigrid, 1861-1943","Brambilla, Marietta, 1807-1875","Bréjean-Silver, Georgette, 1870-","Cabel, Marie, 1827-1885","Desclauzas, Marie, 1841-1912","Falcon, Marie-Cornélie, 1814-1897","Jawureck, Mme. (Constance), 1803-1858","Lind, Jenny, 1820-1887","Mengal, Martin-Joseph, 1784-1851","Patti, Adelina, 1843-1919","Ugalde, Delphine, 1829-1910","Baugniet, Charles, 1814-1886","Desvachez, D. J. 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Loire.\" The portrait features a young, likely teenaged Viardot from the waist up in a white dress, circa 1839.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_564#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_564","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_564","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_564","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_564","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_564.xml","title_ssm":["Lithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot"],"title_tesim":["Lithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1839"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["circa 1839"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1839"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Lithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot, 1839"],"text":["Lithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot, 1839","C0484","/repositories/2/resources/564","Lithography","Music","Opera","There are no access restrictions.","This is a single item collection.","\"Berlioz, Hector - Orphée[.]\" Barenreiter. Accessed May 18, 2021. https://www.baerenreiter.com/en/shop/product/details/BA5462_90/.","Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia. \"Pauline Viardot.\" Encyclopaedia Britannica, accessed May 18, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Pauline-Viardot.","Jeal, Erica. \"Pauline who?\" The Guardian, February 23, 2006. https://www.theguardian.com/music/2006/feb/24/classicalmusicandopera.","Portrait of Benjamin Franklin by Auguste Toussaint Lecler, 83.2.2023(8), The Metropolitan Museum of Art. https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/717941.\n \n Willson, Flora. \"Classic Staging: Pauline Viardot and the 1859 \"Orphée\" Revival.\" Cambridge Opera Journal 22, no. 3 (2010): 301-26. Accessed May 18, 2021. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41493879.","Pauline Viardot - born Michelle Ferdinande Pauline García Sitches, and also known professionally as Pauline García - was a famous mezzo-soprano opera singer and composer during the second half of the 19th century. Viardot came from a musical family, with both her father, Manuel García, and older sister, Maria Malibran, being acclaimed opera singers in their own right. The family was also closely linked to the composer Gioachino Rossini, and other musical contemporaries. Born in 1821, Viardot studied piano from Franz Liszt as a child, and up until her teen years was set to become a pianist. It was just before her older sister Maria died tragically at the age of 28 that Pauline was placed on a new course for opera at her mother's insistence.","Arguably, Viardot eventually surpassed her famous sister in the opera world, with both an incredible range (from soprano to contralto) as well as a frequently documented talent for performance. Her most famous and enduring role was that of Orphée (Orpheus) in 1859 in a reworked version of Gluck's \"Orfeo ed Euridice,\" retitled \"Orphée,\"  by Louis-Hector Berlioz. The role of Orfeo had been transposed by Berlioz from a tenor role to a contralto \"pants role,\" specifically for Viardot. Viardot has a lifelong successful career in music, and later in life turned to composing. She passed away in 1910.","Processing completed by Amanda Brent in May 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in May 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.","The Special Collections Research Center holds many other collections and materials on opera and opera singers.","The Houghton Library at Harvard University holds the  and the .","Lithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot by \"L. Loire.\" The portrait features a young, likely teenaged Viardot from the waist up in a white dress. Below the portrait it reads in French: \"Melle. Pauline Garcia.\" Also included is the printer's information, which reads: \"Paris, chez Rosselin, Editeur, 21, Quai Voltaire. No. 146. Lith. Marcilly, rue de la Parchemmerie, No. 2.\" The print was made circa 1839.","No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)","Lithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot by \"L. Loire.\" The portrait features a young, likely teenaged Viardot from the waist up in a white dress, circa 1839.","R 72, C 3, S 1","George Mason University. Libraries. 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Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased by Steve Gerber in January 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Lithography","Music","Opera"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Lithography","Music","Opera"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".01 Linear Feet 1 item"],"extent_tesim":[".01 Linear Feet 1 item"],"date_range_isim":[1839],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a single item collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This is a single item collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Berlioz, Hector - Orphée[.]\" Barenreiter. Accessed May 18, 2021. https://www.baerenreiter.com/en/shop/product/details/BA5462_90/.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBritannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia. \"Pauline Viardot.\" Encyclopaedia Britannica, accessed May 18, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Pauline-Viardot.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJeal, Erica. \"Pauline who?\" The Guardian, February 23, 2006. https://www.theguardian.com/music/2006/feb/24/classicalmusicandopera.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Portrait of Benjamin Franklin by Auguste Toussaint Lecler, 83.2.2023(8), The Metropolitan Museum of Art. https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/717941.\n \n Willson, Flora. \"Classic Staging: Pauline Viardot and the 1859 \"Orphée\" Revival.\" Cambridge Opera Journal 22, no. 3 (2010): 301-26. Accessed May 18, 2021. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41493879.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"Berlioz, Hector - Orphée[.]\" Barenreiter. Accessed May 18, 2021. https://www.baerenreiter.com/en/shop/product/details/BA5462_90/.","Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia. \"Pauline Viardot.\" Encyclopaedia Britannica, accessed May 18, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Pauline-Viardot.","Jeal, Erica. \"Pauline who?\" The Guardian, February 23, 2006. https://www.theguardian.com/music/2006/feb/24/classicalmusicandopera.","Portrait of Benjamin Franklin by Auguste Toussaint Lecler, 83.2.2023(8), The Metropolitan Museum of Art. https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/717941.\n \n Willson, Flora. \"Classic Staging: Pauline Viardot and the 1859 \"Orphée\" Revival.\" Cambridge Opera Journal 22, no. 3 (2010): 301-26. Accessed May 18, 2021. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41493879."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePauline Viardot - born Michelle Ferdinande Pauline García Sitches, and also known professionally as Pauline García - was a famous mezzo-soprano opera singer and composer during the second half of the 19th century. Viardot came from a musical family, with both her father, Manuel García, and older sister, Maria Malibran, being acclaimed opera singers in their own right. The family was also closely linked to the composer Gioachino Rossini, and other musical contemporaries. Born in 1821, Viardot studied piano from Franz Liszt as a child, and up until her teen years was set to become a pianist. It was just before her older sister Maria died tragically at the age of 28 that Pauline was placed on a new course for opera at her mother's insistence. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArguably, Viardot eventually surpassed her famous sister in the opera world, with both an incredible range (from soprano to contralto) as well as a frequently documented talent for performance. Her most famous and enduring role was that of Orphée (Orpheus) in 1859 in a reworked version of Gluck's \"Orfeo ed Euridice,\" retitled \"Orphée,\"  by Louis-Hector Berlioz. The role of Orfeo had been transposed by Berlioz from a tenor role to a contralto \"pants role,\" specifically for Viardot. Viardot has a lifelong successful career in music, and later in life turned to composing. She passed away in 1910.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Pauline Viardot - born Michelle Ferdinande Pauline García Sitches, and also known professionally as Pauline García - was a famous mezzo-soprano opera singer and composer during the second half of the 19th century. Viardot came from a musical family, with both her father, Manuel García, and older sister, Maria Malibran, being acclaimed opera singers in their own right. The family was also closely linked to the composer Gioachino Rossini, and other musical contemporaries. Born in 1821, Viardot studied piano from Franz Liszt as a child, and up until her teen years was set to become a pianist. It was just before her older sister Maria died tragically at the age of 28 that Pauline was placed on a new course for opera at her mother's insistence.","Arguably, Viardot eventually surpassed her famous sister in the opera world, with both an incredible range (from soprano to contralto) as well as a frequently documented talent for performance. Her most famous and enduring role was that of Orphée (Orpheus) in 1859 in a reworked version of Gluck's \"Orfeo ed Euridice,\" retitled \"Orphée,\"  by Louis-Hector Berlioz. The role of Orfeo had been transposed by Berlioz from a tenor role to a contralto \"pants role,\" specifically for Viardot. Viardot has a lifelong successful career in music, and later in life turned to composing. She passed away in 1910."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot, C0484, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Lithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot, C0484, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Amanda Brent in May 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in May 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Amanda Brent in May 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in May 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds many other collections and materials on opera and opera singers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Houghton Library at Harvard University holds the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Pauline Viardot-Garcia papers\" href=\"https://hollisarchives.lib.harvard.edu/repositories/24/resources/1387\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e and the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Pauline Viardot-Garcia additional papers\" href=\"https://hollisarchives.lib.harvard.edu/repositories/24/resources/3178\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds many other collections and materials on opera and opera singers.","The Houghton Library at Harvard University holds the  and the ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot by \"L. Loire.\" The portrait features a young, likely teenaged Viardot from the waist up in a white dress. Below the portrait it reads in French: \"Melle. Pauline Garcia.\" Also included is the printer's information, which reads: \"Paris, chez Rosselin, Editeur, 21, Quai Voltaire. No. 146. Lith. Marcilly, rue de la Parchemmerie, No. 2.\" The print was made circa 1839.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Lithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot by \"L. Loire.\" The portrait features a young, likely teenaged Viardot from the waist up in a white dress. Below the portrait it reads in French: \"Melle. Pauline Garcia.\" Also included is the printer's information, which reads: \"Paris, chez Rosselin, Editeur, 21, Quai Voltaire. No. 146. Lith. Marcilly, rue de la Parchemmerie, No. 2.\" The print was made circa 1839."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ba7955edd7809983117ed0c609883895\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eLithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot by \"L. Loire.\" The portrait features a young, likely teenaged Viardot from the waist up in a white dress, circa 1839.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Lithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot by \"L. Loire.\" The portrait features a young, likely teenaged Viardot from the waist up in a white dress, circa 1839."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_93bfb13b9fe5589a5feff7c166802196\"\u003eR 72, C 3, S 1\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 72, C 3, S 1"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Viardot-García, Pauline, 1821-1910"],"names_coll_ssim":["Viardot-García, Pauline, 1821-1910"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. 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Accessed May 18, 2021. https://www.baerenreiter.com/en/shop/product/details/BA5462_90/.","Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia. \"Pauline Viardot.\" Encyclopaedia Britannica, accessed May 18, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Pauline-Viardot.","Jeal, Erica. \"Pauline who?\" The Guardian, February 23, 2006. https://www.theguardian.com/music/2006/feb/24/classicalmusicandopera.","Portrait of Benjamin Franklin by Auguste Toussaint Lecler, 83.2.2023(8), The Metropolitan Museum of Art. https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/717941.\n \n Willson, Flora. \"Classic Staging: Pauline Viardot and the 1859 \"Orphée\" Revival.\" Cambridge Opera Journal 22, no. 3 (2010): 301-26. Accessed May 18, 2021. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41493879.","Pauline Viardot - born Michelle Ferdinande Pauline García Sitches, and also known professionally as Pauline García - was a famous mezzo-soprano opera singer and composer during the second half of the 19th century. Viardot came from a musical family, with both her father, Manuel García, and older sister, Maria Malibran, being acclaimed opera singers in their own right. The family was also closely linked to the composer Gioachino Rossini, and other musical contemporaries. Born in 1821, Viardot studied piano from Franz Liszt as a child, and up until her teen years was set to become a pianist. It was just before her older sister Maria died tragically at the age of 28 that Pauline was placed on a new course for opera at her mother's insistence.","Arguably, Viardot eventually surpassed her famous sister in the opera world, with both an incredible range (from soprano to contralto) as well as a frequently documented talent for performance. Her most famous and enduring role was that of Orphée (Orpheus) in 1859 in a reworked version of Gluck's \"Orfeo ed Euridice,\" retitled \"Orphée,\"  by Louis-Hector Berlioz. The role of Orfeo had been transposed by Berlioz from a tenor role to a contralto \"pants role,\" specifically for Viardot. Viardot has a lifelong successful career in music, and later in life turned to composing. She passed away in 1910.","Processing completed by Amanda Brent in May 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in May 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.","The Special Collections Research Center holds many other collections and materials on opera and opera singers.","The Houghton Library at Harvard University holds the  and the .","Lithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot by \"L. Loire.\" The portrait features a young, likely teenaged Viardot from the waist up in a white dress. Below the portrait it reads in French: \"Melle. Pauline Garcia.\" Also included is the printer's information, which reads: \"Paris, chez Rosselin, Editeur, 21, Quai Voltaire. No. 146. Lith. 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Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased by Steve Gerber in January 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Lithography","Music","Opera"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Lithography","Music","Opera"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".01 Linear Feet 1 item"],"extent_tesim":[".01 Linear Feet 1 item"],"date_range_isim":[1839],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a single item collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This is a single item collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Berlioz, Hector - Orphée[.]\" Barenreiter. Accessed May 18, 2021. https://www.baerenreiter.com/en/shop/product/details/BA5462_90/.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBritannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia. \"Pauline Viardot.\" Encyclopaedia Britannica, accessed May 18, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Pauline-Viardot.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJeal, Erica. \"Pauline who?\" The Guardian, February 23, 2006. https://www.theguardian.com/music/2006/feb/24/classicalmusicandopera.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Portrait of Benjamin Franklin by Auguste Toussaint Lecler, 83.2.2023(8), The Metropolitan Museum of Art. https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/717941.\n \n Willson, Flora. \"Classic Staging: Pauline Viardot and the 1859 \"Orphée\" Revival.\" Cambridge Opera Journal 22, no. 3 (2010): 301-26. Accessed May 18, 2021. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41493879.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"Berlioz, Hector - Orphée[.]\" Barenreiter. Accessed May 18, 2021. https://www.baerenreiter.com/en/shop/product/details/BA5462_90/.","Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia. \"Pauline Viardot.\" Encyclopaedia Britannica, accessed May 18, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Pauline-Viardot.","Jeal, Erica. \"Pauline who?\" The Guardian, February 23, 2006. https://www.theguardian.com/music/2006/feb/24/classicalmusicandopera.","Portrait of Benjamin Franklin by Auguste Toussaint Lecler, 83.2.2023(8), The Metropolitan Museum of Art. https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/717941.\n \n Willson, Flora. \"Classic Staging: Pauline Viardot and the 1859 \"Orphée\" Revival.\" Cambridge Opera Journal 22, no. 3 (2010): 301-26. Accessed May 18, 2021. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41493879."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePauline Viardot - born Michelle Ferdinande Pauline García Sitches, and also known professionally as Pauline García - was a famous mezzo-soprano opera singer and composer during the second half of the 19th century. Viardot came from a musical family, with both her father, Manuel García, and older sister, Maria Malibran, being acclaimed opera singers in their own right. The family was also closely linked to the composer Gioachino Rossini, and other musical contemporaries. Born in 1821, Viardot studied piano from Franz Liszt as a child, and up until her teen years was set to become a pianist. It was just before her older sister Maria died tragically at the age of 28 that Pauline was placed on a new course for opera at her mother's insistence. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArguably, Viardot eventually surpassed her famous sister in the opera world, with both an incredible range (from soprano to contralto) as well as a frequently documented talent for performance. Her most famous and enduring role was that of Orphée (Orpheus) in 1859 in a reworked version of Gluck's \"Orfeo ed Euridice,\" retitled \"Orphée,\"  by Louis-Hector Berlioz. The role of Orfeo had been transposed by Berlioz from a tenor role to a contralto \"pants role,\" specifically for Viardot. Viardot has a lifelong successful career in music, and later in life turned to composing. She passed away in 1910.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Pauline Viardot - born Michelle Ferdinande Pauline García Sitches, and also known professionally as Pauline García - was a famous mezzo-soprano opera singer and composer during the second half of the 19th century. Viardot came from a musical family, with both her father, Manuel García, and older sister, Maria Malibran, being acclaimed opera singers in their own right. The family was also closely linked to the composer Gioachino Rossini, and other musical contemporaries. Born in 1821, Viardot studied piano from Franz Liszt as a child, and up until her teen years was set to become a pianist. It was just before her older sister Maria died tragically at the age of 28 that Pauline was placed on a new course for opera at her mother's insistence.","Arguably, Viardot eventually surpassed her famous sister in the opera world, with both an incredible range (from soprano to contralto) as well as a frequently documented talent for performance. Her most famous and enduring role was that of Orphée (Orpheus) in 1859 in a reworked version of Gluck's \"Orfeo ed Euridice,\" retitled \"Orphée,\"  by Louis-Hector Berlioz. The role of Orfeo had been transposed by Berlioz from a tenor role to a contralto \"pants role,\" specifically for Viardot. Viardot has a lifelong successful career in music, and later in life turned to composing. She passed away in 1910."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot, C0484, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Lithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot, C0484, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Amanda Brent in May 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in May 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Amanda Brent in May 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in May 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds many other collections and materials on opera and opera singers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Houghton Library at Harvard University holds the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Pauline Viardot-Garcia papers\" href=\"https://hollisarchives.lib.harvard.edu/repositories/24/resources/1387\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e and the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Pauline Viardot-Garcia additional papers\" href=\"https://hollisarchives.lib.harvard.edu/repositories/24/resources/3178\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds many other collections and materials on opera and opera singers.","The Houghton Library at Harvard University holds the  and the ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot by \"L. Loire.\" The portrait features a young, likely teenaged Viardot from the waist up in a white dress. Below the portrait it reads in French: \"Melle. Pauline Garcia.\" Also included is the printer's information, which reads: \"Paris, chez Rosselin, Editeur, 21, Quai Voltaire. No. 146. Lith. Marcilly, rue de la Parchemmerie, No. 2.\" The print was made circa 1839.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Lithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot by \"L. Loire.\" The portrait features a young, likely teenaged Viardot from the waist up in a white dress. Below the portrait it reads in French: \"Melle. Pauline Garcia.\" Also included is the printer's information, which reads: \"Paris, chez Rosselin, Editeur, 21, Quai Voltaire. No. 146. Lith. Marcilly, rue de la Parchemmerie, No. 2.\" The print was made circa 1839."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ba7955edd7809983117ed0c609883895\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eLithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot by \"L. Loire.\" The portrait features a young, likely teenaged Viardot from the waist up in a white dress, circa 1839.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Lithographic print portrait of Pauline Viardot by \"L. Loire.\" The portrait features a young, likely teenaged Viardot from the waist up in a white dress, circa 1839."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_93bfb13b9fe5589a5feff7c166802196\"\u003eR 72, C 3, S 1\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 72, C 3, S 1"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Viardot-García, Pauline, 1821-1910"],"names_coll_ssim":["Viardot-García, Pauline, 1821-1910"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Viardot-García, Pauline, 1821-1910"],"language_ssim":["French"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:01.774Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_564"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_543","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Single \"Aida\" opera costume painting, 1871","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_543#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_543#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Single pen and watercolor painting on paper of a costume design from the opera \"Aida,\" made circa early 1870s.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_543#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_543","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_543","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_543","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_543","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_543.xml","title_ssm":["Single \"Aida\" opera costume painting"],"title_tesim":["Single \"Aida\" opera costume painting"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa early 1870s"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["circa early 1870s"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1871"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Single \"Aida\" opera costume painting, 1871"],"text":["Single \"Aida\" opera costume painting, 1871","C0474","/repositories/2/resources/543","Art","Costume design","Opera","There are no access restrictions.","This is a single item collection.","Groenert, Kaeli, \"Blackface at the Met: An exploration of the casting of performers of color in the roles of Aida and Othello from 2007-2017\" (2019). Music. 1. https://scholarsarchive.library.albany.edu/honorscollege_music/1.","Holmes, Helen. \"The Met Casts Anna Netrebko as 'Aida' Despite Her Past Controversy in the Role,\" February 13, 2020. Observer. https://observer.com/2020/02/anna-netrebko-aida-met-opera-casting-2020-2021-season-details/.","\"Synopsis: Aida.\" The Metropolitan Opera. Accessed March 15, 2021. https://www.metopera.org/user-information/synopses-archive/aida.","\"Aida\" is a four-act opera by Giuseppe Verde that premiered in 1871. Set in the Old Kingdom of Egypt and sung in Italian, it tells the story of an enslaved Ethiopian princess, the titular Aida, who is brought to the ancient Egyptian court. Unbeknownst to the court, the Egyptian military commander Radames is in love with Aida, who also returns his love. Throughout the opera the couple struggles to assert their love, while also honoring their respective countries and dealing with the war that ensues between Egypt and Ethiopia. \"Aida\" was immensely popular when it premiered and is still considered one of the most beloved operas today.","\"Aida\" has a performance history of brown and blackface, with white singers often performing characters of another race. This occurred as recently as early 2020, though there has been more effort in the opera world to cast racially appropriate singers in these roles, particularly that of Aida.","Processing completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  and the , as well as other materials related to opera, costume design, and the performing arts.","Single pen and watercolor painting on paper of a costume design from the opera \"Aida,\" made circa early 1870s. The character is unlabeled, but based on other costume designs of the era, it may be the character Radames. There are two practice sketches of a figure's head in the upper right hand corner, as well as the artist's signature in the bottom right hand corner. The painting is likely French in origin.","Public Domain. There are no known restrictions.","Single pen and watercolor painting on paper of a costume design from the opera \"Aida,\" made circa early 1870s.","R 72, C 3, S 5","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Verdi, Giuseppe, 1813-1901. (Title of work: Aïda.)","No linguistic content; Not applicable\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Single \"Aida\" opera costume painting, 1871"],"collection_ssim":["Single \"Aida\" opera costume painting, 1871"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0474","/repositories/2/resources/543"],"unitid_tesim":["C0474","/repositories/2/resources/543"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Verdi, Giuseppe, 1813-1901. (Title of work: Aïda.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["Verdi, Giuseppe, 1813-1901. (Title of work: Aïda.)","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["Public Domain. There are no known restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased by Steve Gerber from J \u0026 J Lubrano Music Antiquarians in September 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Art","Costume design","Opera"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Art","Costume design","Opera"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".01 Linear Feet 1 painting"],"extent_tesim":[".01 Linear Feet 1 painting"],"date_range_isim":[1871],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a single item collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This is a single item collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGroenert, Kaeli, \"Blackface at the Met: An exploration of the casting of performers of color in the roles of Aida and Othello from 2007-2017\" (2019). Music. 1. https://scholarsarchive.library.albany.edu/honorscollege_music/1.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHolmes, Helen. \"The Met Casts Anna Netrebko as 'Aida' Despite Her Past Controversy in the Role,\" February 13, 2020. Observer. https://observer.com/2020/02/anna-netrebko-aida-met-opera-casting-2020-2021-season-details/.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Synopsis: Aida.\" The Metropolitan Opera. Accessed March 15, 2021. https://www.metopera.org/user-information/synopses-archive/aida.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Groenert, Kaeli, \"Blackface at the Met: An exploration of the casting of performers of color in the roles of Aida and Othello from 2007-2017\" (2019). Music. 1. https://scholarsarchive.library.albany.edu/honorscollege_music/1.","Holmes, Helen. \"The Met Casts Anna Netrebko as 'Aida' Despite Her Past Controversy in the Role,\" February 13, 2020. Observer. https://observer.com/2020/02/anna-netrebko-aida-met-opera-casting-2020-2021-season-details/.","\"Synopsis: Aida.\" The Metropolitan Opera. Accessed March 15, 2021. https://www.metopera.org/user-information/synopses-archive/aida."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Aida\" is a four-act opera by Giuseppe Verde that premiered in 1871. Set in the Old Kingdom of Egypt and sung in Italian, it tells the story of an enslaved Ethiopian princess, the titular Aida, who is brought to the ancient Egyptian court. Unbeknownst to the court, the Egyptian military commander Radames is in love with Aida, who also returns his love. Throughout the opera the couple struggles to assert their love, while also honoring their respective countries and dealing with the war that ensues between Egypt and Ethiopia. \"Aida\" was immensely popular when it premiered and is still considered one of the most beloved operas today. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Aida\" has a performance history of brown and blackface, with white singers often performing characters of another race. This occurred as recently as early 2020, though there has been more effort in the opera world to cast racially appropriate singers in these roles, particularly that of Aida.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["\"Aida\" is a four-act opera by Giuseppe Verde that premiered in 1871. Set in the Old Kingdom of Egypt and sung in Italian, it tells the story of an enslaved Ethiopian princess, the titular Aida, who is brought to the ancient Egyptian court. Unbeknownst to the court, the Egyptian military commander Radames is in love with Aida, who also returns his love. Throughout the opera the couple struggles to assert their love, while also honoring their respective countries and dealing with the war that ensues between Egypt and Ethiopia. \"Aida\" was immensely popular when it premiered and is still considered one of the most beloved operas today.","\"Aida\" has a performance history of brown and blackface, with white singers often performing characters of another race. This occurred as recently as early 2020, though there has been more effort in the opera world to cast racially appropriate singers in these roles, particularly that of Aida."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSingle \"Aida\" opera costume painting, C0474, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Single \"Aida\" opera costume painting, C0474, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"'Aida' opera costume paintings (C0473)\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/repositories/2/resources/542\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e and the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"'Cavalleria rusticana' opera costume paintings\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/repositories/2/resources/541\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, as well as other materials related to opera, costume design, and the performing arts.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  and the , as well as other materials related to opera, costume design, and the performing arts."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSingle pen and watercolor painting on paper of a costume design from the opera \"Aida,\" made circa early 1870s. The character is unlabeled, but based on other costume designs of the era, it may be the character Radames. There are two practice sketches of a figure's head in the upper right hand corner, as well as the artist's signature in the bottom right hand corner. The painting is likely French in origin.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Single pen and watercolor painting on paper of a costume design from the opera \"Aida,\" made circa early 1870s. The character is unlabeled, but based on other costume designs of the era, it may be the character Radames. There are two practice sketches of a figure's head in the upper right hand corner, as well as the artist's signature in the bottom right hand corner. The painting is likely French in origin."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePublic Domain. There are no known restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Public Domain. There are no known restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_89ccc6afb189230e3f9eb7c0899ab6db\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eSingle pen and watercolor painting on paper of a costume design from the opera \"Aida,\" made circa early 1870s.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Single pen and watercolor painting on paper of a costume design from the opera \"Aida,\" made circa early 1870s."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_089008b78314ba9b05fcf2b8a44b0a87\"\u003eR 72, C 3, S 5\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 72, C 3, S 5"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Verdi, Giuseppe, 1813-1901. (Title of work: Aïda.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Verdi, Giuseppe, 1813-1901. (Title of work: Aïda.)"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Verdi, Giuseppe, 1813-1901. (Title of work: Aïda.)"],"language_ssim":["No linguistic content; Not applicable\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:01.774Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_543","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_543","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_543","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_543","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_543.xml","title_ssm":["Single \"Aida\" opera costume painting"],"title_tesim":["Single \"Aida\" opera costume painting"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa early 1870s"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["circa early 1870s"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1871"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Single \"Aida\" opera costume painting, 1871"],"text":["Single \"Aida\" opera costume painting, 1871","C0474","/repositories/2/resources/543","Art","Costume design","Opera","There are no access restrictions.","This is a single item collection.","Groenert, Kaeli, \"Blackface at the Met: An exploration of the casting of performers of color in the roles of Aida and Othello from 2007-2017\" (2019). Music. 1. https://scholarsarchive.library.albany.edu/honorscollege_music/1.","Holmes, Helen. \"The Met Casts Anna Netrebko as 'Aida' Despite Her Past Controversy in the Role,\" February 13, 2020. Observer. https://observer.com/2020/02/anna-netrebko-aida-met-opera-casting-2020-2021-season-details/.","\"Synopsis: Aida.\" The Metropolitan Opera. Accessed March 15, 2021. https://www.metopera.org/user-information/synopses-archive/aida.","\"Aida\" is a four-act opera by Giuseppe Verde that premiered in 1871. Set in the Old Kingdom of Egypt and sung in Italian, it tells the story of an enslaved Ethiopian princess, the titular Aida, who is brought to the ancient Egyptian court. Unbeknownst to the court, the Egyptian military commander Radames is in love with Aida, who also returns his love. Throughout the opera the couple struggles to assert their love, while also honoring their respective countries and dealing with the war that ensues between Egypt and Ethiopia. \"Aida\" was immensely popular when it premiered and is still considered one of the most beloved operas today.","\"Aida\" has a performance history of brown and blackface, with white singers often performing characters of another race. This occurred as recently as early 2020, though there has been more effort in the opera world to cast racially appropriate singers in these roles, particularly that of Aida.","Processing completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. EAD markup completed by Amanda Brent in March 2021. This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  and the , as well as other materials related to opera, costume design, and the performing arts.","Single pen and watercolor painting on paper of a costume design from the opera \"Aida,\" made circa early 1870s. The character is unlabeled, but based on other costume designs of the era, it may be the character Radames. There are two practice sketches of a figure's head in the upper right hand corner, as well as the artist's signature in the bottom right hand corner. The painting is likely French in origin.","Public Domain. There are no known restrictions.","Single pen and watercolor painting on paper of a costume design from the opera \"Aida,\" made circa early 1870s.","R 72, C 3, S 5","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Verdi, Giuseppe, 1813-1901. (Title of work: Aïda.)","No linguistic content; Not applicable\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Single \"Aida\" opera costume painting, 1871"],"collection_ssim":["Single \"Aida\" opera costume painting, 1871"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0474","/repositories/2/resources/543"],"unitid_tesim":["C0474","/repositories/2/resources/543"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Verdi, Giuseppe, 1813-1901. (Title of work: Aïda.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["Verdi, Giuseppe, 1813-1901. (Title of work: Aïda.)","George Mason University. Libraries. 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There are no known restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchased by Steve Gerber from J \u0026 J Lubrano Music Antiquarians in September 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Art","Costume design","Opera"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Art","Costume design","Opera"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".01 Linear Feet 1 painting"],"extent_tesim":[".01 Linear Feet 1 painting"],"date_range_isim":[1871],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a single item collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This is a single item collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGroenert, Kaeli, \"Blackface at the Met: An exploration of the casting of performers of color in the roles of Aida and Othello from 2007-2017\" (2019). Music. 1. https://scholarsarchive.library.albany.edu/honorscollege_music/1.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHolmes, Helen. \"The Met Casts Anna Netrebko as 'Aida' Despite Her Past Controversy in the Role,\" February 13, 2020. Observer. https://observer.com/2020/02/anna-netrebko-aida-met-opera-casting-2020-2021-season-details/.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Synopsis: Aida.\" The Metropolitan Opera. Accessed March 15, 2021. https://www.metopera.org/user-information/synopses-archive/aida.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Groenert, Kaeli, \"Blackface at the Met: An exploration of the casting of performers of color in the roles of Aida and Othello from 2007-2017\" (2019). Music. 1. https://scholarsarchive.library.albany.edu/honorscollege_music/1.","Holmes, Helen. \"The Met Casts Anna Netrebko as 'Aida' Despite Her Past Controversy in the Role,\" February 13, 2020. Observer. https://observer.com/2020/02/anna-netrebko-aida-met-opera-casting-2020-2021-season-details/.","\"Synopsis: Aida.\" The Metropolitan Opera. Accessed March 15, 2021. https://www.metopera.org/user-information/synopses-archive/aida."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Aida\" is a four-act opera by Giuseppe Verde that premiered in 1871. Set in the Old Kingdom of Egypt and sung in Italian, it tells the story of an enslaved Ethiopian princess, the titular Aida, who is brought to the ancient Egyptian court. Unbeknownst to the court, the Egyptian military commander Radames is in love with Aida, who also returns his love. Throughout the opera the couple struggles to assert their love, while also honoring their respective countries and dealing with the war that ensues between Egypt and Ethiopia. \"Aida\" was immensely popular when it premiered and is still considered one of the most beloved operas today. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Aida\" has a performance history of brown and blackface, with white singers often performing characters of another race. This occurred as recently as early 2020, though there has been more effort in the opera world to cast racially appropriate singers in these roles, particularly that of Aida.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["\"Aida\" is a four-act opera by Giuseppe Verde that premiered in 1871. Set in the Old Kingdom of Egypt and sung in Italian, it tells the story of an enslaved Ethiopian princess, the titular Aida, who is brought to the ancient Egyptian court. Unbeknownst to the court, the Egyptian military commander Radames is in love with Aida, who also returns his love. Throughout the opera the couple struggles to assert their love, while also honoring their respective countries and dealing with the war that ensues between Egypt and Ethiopia. \"Aida\" was immensely popular when it premiered and is still considered one of the most beloved operas today.","\"Aida\" has a performance history of brown and blackface, with white singers often performing characters of another race. 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This item was formerly part of the Performing Arts Manuscript Materials collection, C0215."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"'Aida' opera costume paintings (C0473)\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/repositories/2/resources/542\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e and the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"'Cavalleria rusticana' opera costume paintings\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/repositories/2/resources/541\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, as well as other materials related to opera, costume design, and the performing arts.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  and the , as well as other materials related to opera, costume design, and the performing arts."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSingle pen and watercolor painting on paper of a costume design from the opera \"Aida,\" made circa early 1870s. 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There are no known restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_89ccc6afb189230e3f9eb7c0899ab6db\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eSingle pen and watercolor painting on paper of a costume design from the opera \"Aida,\" made circa early 1870s.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Single pen and watercolor painting on paper of a costume design from the opera \"Aida,\" made circa early 1870s."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_089008b78314ba9b05fcf2b8a44b0a87\"\u003eR 72, C 3, S 5\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 72, C 3, S 5"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Verdi, Giuseppe, 1813-1901. (Title of work: Aïda.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Verdi, Giuseppe, 1813-1901. (Title of work: Aïda.)"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Verdi, Giuseppe, 1813-1901. 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