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(3 wrapped ledgers)"],"date_range_isim":[1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Salt Sulphur Springs Records, A\u0026amp;M 0085, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Salt Sulphur Springs Records, A\u0026M 0085, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e85, 512, 1377\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["85, 512, 1377"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eList of guests at the Salt Sulphur Springs, including place of residence, and numbers of horses and servants. No data is given for the years 1831-1833. Pasted in the back of the last volume are doctors' prescriptions for medicine at Union, West Virginia, in 1883.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["List of guests at the Salt Sulphur Springs, including place of residence, and numbers of horses and servants. No data is given for the years 1831-1833. Pasted in the back of the last volume are doctors' prescriptions for medicine at Union, West Virginia, in 1883."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_fa250abf146a5812775bb5db6e6d5c99\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. 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Va.)","Texas","Medicine","Physicians - letters and papers.","Surveyors and surveying.","Taxation","No special access restriction applies.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","The day book and papers of Dr. Squire Bosworth and family. Squire Bosworth was one of the earliest physicians of Randolph County, and his day book records details of his medical practice indicating common procedures and remedies as well as charges and costs during the early nineteenth century. Bosworth was also a deputy and county clerk of Randolph County, and included among the papers are court documents. Along with his son, Squire Newton Bosworth, the family acquired interests in landholding which is reflected in deeds, surveys, correspondence and tax receipts from Texas and West Virginia. Among the correspondence is an 1885 letter from William L. Wilson surveying his Congressional re-election possibilities.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. 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For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_e54416ce14682320b3b96d51b8f3421a\"\u003eThe day book and papers of Dr. Squire Bosworth and family. Squire Bosworth was one of the earliest physicians of Randolph County, and his day book records details of his medical practice indicating common procedures and remedies as well as charges and costs during the early nineteenth century. 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Va.)","Texas","Medicine","Physicians - letters and papers.","Surveyors and surveying.","Taxation","No special access restriction applies.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","The day book and papers of Dr. Squire Bosworth and family. Squire Bosworth was one of the earliest physicians of Randolph County, and his day book records details of his medical practice indicating common procedures and remedies as well as charges and costs during the early nineteenth century. Bosworth was also a deputy and county clerk of Randolph County, and included among the papers are court documents. Along with his son, Squire Newton Bosworth, the family acquired interests in landholding which is reflected in deeds, surveys, correspondence and tax receipts from Texas and West Virginia. Among the correspondence is an 1885 letter from William L. Wilson surveying his Congressional re-election possibilities.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. 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(3 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 small flat storage box, 3 in. each)"],"date_range_isim":[1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Squire Bosworth, Physician, Papers, A\u0026amp;M 3054, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Squire Bosworth, Physician, Papers, A\u0026M 3054, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_e54416ce14682320b3b96d51b8f3421a\"\u003eThe day book and papers of Dr. Squire Bosworth and family. Squire Bosworth was one of the earliest physicians of Randolph County, and his day book records details of his medical practice indicating common procedures and remedies as well as charges and costs during the early nineteenth century. 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His wartime service included acting assistant surgeon in Lynchburg hospitals in 1862, assistant surgeon with the 14th Va. Infantry in 1863, and acting assistant surgeon with the 30th Virginia Infantry in 1864. He was likely married to Fanny Irene Johnston in 1874.","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Thomas Henry Howard Manuscript Account Book was completed in February 2019.","The Thomas Henry Howard Manuscript Account Book is filled with names of patients and the services performed and the payment received for each entry before, during, and after the Civil War. Dr. Howard's entries include the names of his patients, date of services and fees charged together with short descriptions of medical services rendered. Services included visits and medicines, \"cupping\", \"strenthening plaster\", dressing wounds, attending pregnant women - \"attending wife in parturition\", delivery of children \"Tending wife in childbirth\", Tobacco, and cutting gums. Medical treatment was also administered to local slaves as when Dr. Howard charged Fleming Howery $2.00 \"For medical attendance on Negroe child of James Ferguson estate\". Post-war African-American patients are noted by the addition of the word \"colored\" in parenthesis after their names.","Permission to publish material from Thomas Henry Howard Manuscript Account Book  must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.","The Thomas Henry Howard Manuscript Account Book was written by Dr. Thomas Henry Howard, a doctor in Floyd, VA who served as a Confederate doctor. The book is filled with names of patients, the services performed, and the payment received for each entry before, during, and after the Civil War.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Howard, Thomas Henry, 1834-1910","English \n.    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His wartime service included acting assistant surgeon in Lynchburg hospitals in 1862, assistant surgeon with the 14th Va. Infantry in 1863, and acting assistant surgeon with the 30th Virginia Infantry in 1864. He was likely married to Fanny Irene Johnston in 1874.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The native born Virginian Dr. Thomas Henry Howard (1834-1910) graduated in March 1861 from Jefferson Medical College in Philadelphia and save for his wartime service as a Confederate surgeon, he practiced exclusively in Floyd County, Virginia. His wartime service included acting assistant surgeon in Lynchburg hospitals in 1862, assistant surgeon with the 14th Va. Infantry in 1863, and acting assistant surgeon with the 30th Virginia Infantry in 1864. He was likely married to Fanny Irene Johnston in 1874."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Thomas Henry Howard Manuscript Account Book , Ms2019-007, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Thomas Henry Howard Manuscript Account Book , Ms2019-007, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Thomas Henry Howard Manuscript Account Book was completed in February 2019.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Thomas Henry Howard Manuscript Account Book was completed in February 2019."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Thomas Henry Howard Manuscript Account Book is filled with names of patients and the services performed and the payment received for each entry before, during, and after the Civil War. Dr. Howard's entries include the names of his patients, date of services and fees charged together with short descriptions of medical services rendered. Services included visits and medicines, \"cupping\", \"strenthening plaster\", dressing wounds, attending pregnant women - \"attending wife in parturition\", delivery of children \"Tending wife in childbirth\", Tobacco, and cutting gums. Medical treatment was also administered to local slaves as when Dr. Howard charged Fleming Howery $2.00 \"For medical attendance on Negroe child of James Ferguson estate\". Post-war African-American patients are noted by the addition of the word \"colored\" in parenthesis after their names.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Thomas Henry Howard Manuscript Account Book is filled with names of patients and the services performed and the payment received for each entry before, during, and after the Civil War. Dr. Howard's entries include the names of his patients, date of services and fees charged together with short descriptions of medical services rendered. Services included visits and medicines, \"cupping\", \"strenthening plaster\", dressing wounds, attending pregnant women - \"attending wife in parturition\", delivery of children \"Tending wife in childbirth\", Tobacco, and cutting gums. Medical treatment was also administered to local slaves as when Dr. Howard charged Fleming Howery $2.00 \"For medical attendance on Negroe child of James Ferguson estate\". Post-war African-American patients are noted by the addition of the word \"colored\" in parenthesis after their names."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish material from Thomas Henry Howard Manuscript Account Book  must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish material from Thomas Henry Howard Manuscript Account Book  must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_cd735c6c44da3897b21e72aee41ff207\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Thomas Henry Howard Manuscript Account Book was written by Dr. Thomas Henry Howard, a doctor in Floyd, VA who served as a Confederate doctor. 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His wartime service included acting assistant surgeon in Lynchburg hospitals in 1862, assistant surgeon with the 14th Va. Infantry in 1863, and acting assistant surgeon with the 30th Virginia Infantry in 1864. He was likely married to Fanny Irene Johnston in 1874.","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Thomas Henry Howard Manuscript Account Book was completed in February 2019.","The Thomas Henry Howard Manuscript Account Book is filled with names of patients and the services performed and the payment received for each entry before, during, and after the Civil War. Dr. Howard's entries include the names of his patients, date of services and fees charged together with short descriptions of medical services rendered. Services included visits and medicines, \"cupping\", \"strenthening plaster\", dressing wounds, attending pregnant women - \"attending wife in parturition\", delivery of children \"Tending wife in childbirth\", Tobacco, and cutting gums. Medical treatment was also administered to local slaves as when Dr. Howard charged Fleming Howery $2.00 \"For medical attendance on Negroe child of James Ferguson estate\". Post-war African-American patients are noted by the addition of the word \"colored\" in parenthesis after their names.","Permission to publish material from Thomas Henry Howard Manuscript Account Book  must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.","The Thomas Henry Howard Manuscript Account Book was written by Dr. Thomas Henry Howard, a doctor in Floyd, VA who served as a Confederate doctor. The book is filled with names of patients, the services performed, and the payment received for each entry before, during, and after the Civil War.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Howard, Thomas Henry, 1834-1910","English \n.    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He was likely married to Fanny Irene Johnston in 1874."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Thomas Henry Howard Manuscript Account Book , Ms2019-007, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Thomas Henry Howard Manuscript Account Book , Ms2019-007, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Thomas Henry Howard Manuscript Account Book was completed in February 2019.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Thomas Henry Howard Manuscript Account Book was completed in February 2019."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Thomas Henry Howard Manuscript Account Book is filled with names of patients and the services performed and the payment received for each entry before, during, and after the Civil War. 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Post-war African-American patients are noted by the addition of the word \"colored\" in parenthesis after their names."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish material from Thomas Henry Howard Manuscript Account Book  must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish material from Thomas Henry Howard Manuscript Account Book  must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_cd735c6c44da3897b21e72aee41ff207\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Thomas Henry Howard Manuscript Account Book was written by Dr. Thomas Henry Howard, a doctor in Floyd, VA who served as a Confederate doctor. The book is filled with names of patients, the services performed, and the payment received for each entry before, during, and after the Civil War.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Thomas Henry Howard Manuscript Account Book was written by Dr. Thomas Henry Howard, a doctor in Floyd, VA who served as a Confederate doctor. The book is filled with names of patients, the services performed, and the payment received for each entry before, during, and after the Civil War."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Howard, Thomas Henry, 1834-1910"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Howard, Thomas Henry, 1834-1910"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:08:02.995Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3332"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3170","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Western Lunatic Asylum [Staunton, Virginia] Collection","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3170#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Western Lunatic Asylum Collection includes correspondence written to the Western Lunatic Asylum in Staunton, Virginia, dating from 1840 through the late 19th century, as well as annual reports from the 1860s and 1900s.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3170#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3170","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3170","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3170","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3170","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3170.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Western Lunatic Asylum [Staunton, Virginia] Collection","title_ssm":["Western Lunatic Asylum [Staunton, Virginia] Collection"],"title_tesim":["Western Lunatic Asylum [Staunton, Virginia] Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1840-1903","1840-1868"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1840-1868"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1840-1903"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2016.021"],"text":["Ms.2016.021","Western Lunatic Asylum [Staunton, Virginia] Collection","Staunton (Va.)","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Health","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged into two series, Correspondence and Annual reports, which are each arranged in chronological order.","Originally called the Western State Lunatic Asylum, the Western Lunatic Asylum was a hospital for the mentally ill in Staunton, Virginia, opening in 1828. In its early years, the institution was a resort-style asylum, directed under Dr. Francis T. Stribling. Dr. Stribling promoted a clean, healthy, and kind atmosphere that would aid in the healing process of his patients. While Dr. Stribling was the director of the hospital, patients were well cared for and treated with respect.","This model of care vanished in the 1900s, replaced by the overcrowding and the warehousing of patients. Techniques such as physical restraints and straitjackets were then used. After the passage of the Eugenical Sterilization Act of 1924 in Virginia, patients at the Western Lunatic Asylum were sterilized (sometimes forcibly) under the authorization of Joseph DeJarnette, a noted eugenicist. He was the director of the hospital from 1905 to 1943, implementing much stricter and harsher practices than his predecessor. Electroshock therapy and lobotomies were also practiced at the institution.","The hospital moved to its present site off of Interstate 81, and the property remained vacated until it was converted in the 1970s into the Staunton Correctional Center, a men's penitentiary. The prison closed in 2003, and the site was then left vacant again for several years. In 2005, the state of Virginia gave the property to the Staunton Industrial Authority, and the facility has now been converted into condominiums called The Villages at Staunton.","The guide to the Western Lunatic Asylum [Staunton, Virginia] Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Western Lunatic Asylum Collection was completed in December 2016. Additional arrangement and description was completed in April 2018. The 2018 and 2019 accessions were processed on a rolling basis and the finding aid was updated in June 2019 and July 2021.","The Western Lunatic Asylum Collection includes correspondence written to the Western Lunatic Asylum in Staunton, Virginia, dating from 1840 to about 1870, as well as final year reports from 1862 and 1903. The correspondece relates to the Western Lunatic Asylum in Staunton, Virginia, and most of the letters are written to Dr. Francis T. Stribling, the director of the Western Lunatic Asylum, by family members of patients concerning their care.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Western Lunatic Asylum Collection includes correspondence written to the Western Lunatic Asylum in Staunton, Virginia, dating from 1840 through the late 19th century, as well as annual reports from the 1860s and 1900s.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Western Lunatic Asylum (Va.)","Stribling, Francis T.  (Francis Taliaferro), 1810-1874","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2016.021"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Western Lunatic Asylum [Staunton, Virginia] Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Western Lunatic Asylum [Staunton, Virginia] Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Western Lunatic Asylum [Staunton, Virginia] Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Staunton (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Staunton (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Staunton (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Western Lunatic Asylum [Staunton, Virginia] Collection was purchased in three separate accession between August and November of 2016. Additional materials were acquired in 2017, 2018, and 2019. Additional letters may be received in the future."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Health","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Health","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.6 Cubic Feet 1 box; 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.6 Cubic Feet 1 box; 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into two series, Correspondence and Annual reports, which are each arranged in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into two series, Correspondence and Annual reports, which are each arranged in chronological order."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOriginally called the Western State Lunatic Asylum, the Western Lunatic Asylum was a hospital for the mentally ill in Staunton, Virginia, opening in 1828. In its early years, the institution was a resort-style asylum, directed under Dr. Francis T. Stribling. Dr. Stribling promoted a clean, healthy, and kind atmosphere that would aid in the healing process of his patients. While Dr. Stribling was the director of the hospital, patients were well cared for and treated with respect.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis model of care vanished in the 1900s, replaced by the overcrowding and the warehousing of patients. Techniques such as physical restraints and straitjackets were then used. After the passage of the Eugenical Sterilization Act of 1924 in Virginia, patients at the Western Lunatic Asylum were sterilized (sometimes forcibly) under the authorization of Joseph DeJarnette, a noted eugenicist. He was the director of the hospital from 1905 to 1943, implementing much stricter and harsher practices than his predecessor. Electroshock therapy and lobotomies were also practiced at the institution.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe hospital moved to its present site off of Interstate 81, and the property remained vacated until it was converted in the 1970s into the Staunton Correctional Center, a men's penitentiary. The prison closed in 2003, and the site was then left vacant again for several years. In 2005, the state of Virginia gave the property to the Staunton Industrial Authority, and the facility has now been converted into condominiums called The Villages at Staunton.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["Originally called the Western State Lunatic Asylum, the Western Lunatic Asylum was a hospital for the mentally ill in Staunton, Virginia, opening in 1828. In its early years, the institution was a resort-style asylum, directed under Dr. Francis T. Stribling. Dr. Stribling promoted a clean, healthy, and kind atmosphere that would aid in the healing process of his patients. While Dr. Stribling was the director of the hospital, patients were well cared for and treated with respect.","This model of care vanished in the 1900s, replaced by the overcrowding and the warehousing of patients. Techniques such as physical restraints and straitjackets were then used. After the passage of the Eugenical Sterilization Act of 1924 in Virginia, patients at the Western Lunatic Asylum were sterilized (sometimes forcibly) under the authorization of Joseph DeJarnette, a noted eugenicist. He was the director of the hospital from 1905 to 1943, implementing much stricter and harsher practices than his predecessor. Electroshock therapy and lobotomies were also practiced at the institution.","The hospital moved to its present site off of Interstate 81, and the property remained vacated until it was converted in the 1970s into the Staunton Correctional Center, a men's penitentiary. The prison closed in 2003, and the site was then left vacant again for several years. In 2005, the state of Virginia gave the property to the Staunton Industrial Authority, and the facility has now been converted into condominiums called The Villages at Staunton."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Western Lunatic Asylum [Staunton, Virginia] Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-%20work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Western Lunatic Asylum [Staunton, Virginia] Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Western Lunatic Asylum Collection, Ms2016-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Western Lunatic Asylum Collection, Ms2016-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Western Lunatic Asylum Collection was completed in December 2016. Additional arrangement and description was completed in April 2018. The 2018 and 2019 accessions were processed on a rolling basis and the finding aid was updated in June 2019 and July 2021.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Western Lunatic Asylum Collection was completed in December 2016. Additional arrangement and description was completed in April 2018. The 2018 and 2019 accessions were processed on a rolling basis and the finding aid was updated in June 2019 and July 2021."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Western Lunatic Asylum Collection includes correspondence written to the Western Lunatic Asylum in Staunton, Virginia, dating from 1840 to about 1870, as well as final year reports from 1862 and 1903. The correspondece relates to the Western Lunatic Asylum in Staunton, Virginia, and most of the letters are written to Dr. Francis T. Stribling, the director of the Western Lunatic Asylum, by family members of patients concerning their care.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Western Lunatic Asylum Collection includes correspondence written to the Western Lunatic Asylum in Staunton, Virginia, dating from 1840 to about 1870, as well as final year reports from 1862 and 1903. The correspondece relates to the Western Lunatic Asylum in Staunton, Virginia, and most of the letters are written to Dr. Francis T. Stribling, the director of the Western Lunatic Asylum, by family members of patients concerning their care."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_44a8a27bd665e0182ea0c8d96de08626\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Western Lunatic Asylum Collection includes correspondence written to the Western Lunatic Asylum in Staunton, Virginia, dating from 1840 through the late 19th century, as well as annual reports from the 1860s and 1900s.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Western Lunatic Asylum Collection includes correspondence written to the Western Lunatic Asylum in Staunton, Virginia, dating from 1840 through the late 19th century, as well as annual reports from the 1860s and 1900s."],"names_coll_ssim":["Western Lunatic Asylum (Va.)","Stribling, Francis T.  (Francis Taliaferro), 1810-1874"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Western Lunatic Asylum (Va.)","Stribling, Francis T.  (Francis Taliaferro), 1810-1874"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Western Lunatic Asylum (Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Stribling, Francis T.  (Francis Taliaferro), 1810-1874"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":18,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:08:02.995Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3170","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3170","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3170","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3170","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3170.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Western Lunatic Asylum [Staunton, Virginia] Collection","title_ssm":["Western Lunatic Asylum [Staunton, Virginia] Collection"],"title_tesim":["Western Lunatic Asylum [Staunton, Virginia] Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1840-1903","1840-1868"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1840-1868"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1840-1903"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2016.021"],"text":["Ms.2016.021","Western Lunatic Asylum [Staunton, Virginia] Collection","Staunton (Va.)","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Health","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged into two series, Correspondence and Annual reports, which are each arranged in chronological order.","Originally called the Western State Lunatic Asylum, the Western Lunatic Asylum was a hospital for the mentally ill in Staunton, Virginia, opening in 1828. In its early years, the institution was a resort-style asylum, directed under Dr. Francis T. Stribling. Dr. Stribling promoted a clean, healthy, and kind atmosphere that would aid in the healing process of his patients. While Dr. Stribling was the director of the hospital, patients were well cared for and treated with respect.","This model of care vanished in the 1900s, replaced by the overcrowding and the warehousing of patients. Techniques such as physical restraints and straitjackets were then used. After the passage of the Eugenical Sterilization Act of 1924 in Virginia, patients at the Western Lunatic Asylum were sterilized (sometimes forcibly) under the authorization of Joseph DeJarnette, a noted eugenicist. He was the director of the hospital from 1905 to 1943, implementing much stricter and harsher practices than his predecessor. Electroshock therapy and lobotomies were also practiced at the institution.","The hospital moved to its present site off of Interstate 81, and the property remained vacated until it was converted in the 1970s into the Staunton Correctional Center, a men's penitentiary. The prison closed in 2003, and the site was then left vacant again for several years. In 2005, the state of Virginia gave the property to the Staunton Industrial Authority, and the facility has now been converted into condominiums called The Villages at Staunton.","The guide to the Western Lunatic Asylum [Staunton, Virginia] Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Western Lunatic Asylum Collection was completed in December 2016. Additional arrangement and description was completed in April 2018. The 2018 and 2019 accessions were processed on a rolling basis and the finding aid was updated in June 2019 and July 2021.","The Western Lunatic Asylum Collection includes correspondence written to the Western Lunatic Asylum in Staunton, Virginia, dating from 1840 to about 1870, as well as final year reports from 1862 and 1903. The correspondece relates to the Western Lunatic Asylum in Staunton, Virginia, and most of the letters are written to Dr. Francis T. Stribling, the director of the Western Lunatic Asylum, by family members of patients concerning their care.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Western Lunatic Asylum Collection includes correspondence written to the Western Lunatic Asylum in Staunton, Virginia, dating from 1840 through the late 19th century, as well as annual reports from the 1860s and 1900s.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Western Lunatic Asylum (Va.)","Stribling, Francis T.  (Francis Taliaferro), 1810-1874","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2016.021"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Western Lunatic Asylum [Staunton, Virginia] Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Western Lunatic Asylum [Staunton, Virginia] Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Western Lunatic Asylum [Staunton, Virginia] Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Staunton (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Staunton (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Staunton (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Western Lunatic Asylum [Staunton, Virginia] Collection was purchased in three separate accession between August and November of 2016. Additional materials were acquired in 2017, 2018, and 2019. Additional letters may be received in the future."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Health","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Health","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.6 Cubic Feet 1 box; 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.6 Cubic Feet 1 box; 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into two series, Correspondence and Annual reports, which are each arranged in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into two series, Correspondence and Annual reports, which are each arranged in chronological order."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOriginally called the Western State Lunatic Asylum, the Western Lunatic Asylum was a hospital for the mentally ill in Staunton, Virginia, opening in 1828. In its early years, the institution was a resort-style asylum, directed under Dr. Francis T. Stribling. Dr. Stribling promoted a clean, healthy, and kind atmosphere that would aid in the healing process of his patients. While Dr. Stribling was the director of the hospital, patients were well cared for and treated with respect.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis model of care vanished in the 1900s, replaced by the overcrowding and the warehousing of patients. Techniques such as physical restraints and straitjackets were then used. After the passage of the Eugenical Sterilization Act of 1924 in Virginia, patients at the Western Lunatic Asylum were sterilized (sometimes forcibly) under the authorization of Joseph DeJarnette, a noted eugenicist. He was the director of the hospital from 1905 to 1943, implementing much stricter and harsher practices than his predecessor. Electroshock therapy and lobotomies were also practiced at the institution.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe hospital moved to its present site off of Interstate 81, and the property remained vacated until it was converted in the 1970s into the Staunton Correctional Center, a men's penitentiary. The prison closed in 2003, and the site was then left vacant again for several years. In 2005, the state of Virginia gave the property to the Staunton Industrial Authority, and the facility has now been converted into condominiums called The Villages at Staunton.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["Originally called the Western State Lunatic Asylum, the Western Lunatic Asylum was a hospital for the mentally ill in Staunton, Virginia, opening in 1828. In its early years, the institution was a resort-style asylum, directed under Dr. Francis T. Stribling. Dr. Stribling promoted a clean, healthy, and kind atmosphere that would aid in the healing process of his patients. While Dr. Stribling was the director of the hospital, patients were well cared for and treated with respect.","This model of care vanished in the 1900s, replaced by the overcrowding and the warehousing of patients. Techniques such as physical restraints and straitjackets were then used. After the passage of the Eugenical Sterilization Act of 1924 in Virginia, patients at the Western Lunatic Asylum were sterilized (sometimes forcibly) under the authorization of Joseph DeJarnette, a noted eugenicist. He was the director of the hospital from 1905 to 1943, implementing much stricter and harsher practices than his predecessor. Electroshock therapy and lobotomies were also practiced at the institution.","The hospital moved to its present site off of Interstate 81, and the property remained vacated until it was converted in the 1970s into the Staunton Correctional Center, a men's penitentiary. The prison closed in 2003, and the site was then left vacant again for several years. In 2005, the state of Virginia gave the property to the Staunton Industrial Authority, and the facility has now been converted into condominiums called The Villages at Staunton."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Western Lunatic Asylum [Staunton, Virginia] Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-%20work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Western Lunatic Asylum [Staunton, Virginia] Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Western Lunatic Asylum Collection, Ms2016-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Western Lunatic Asylum Collection, Ms2016-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Western Lunatic Asylum Collection was completed in December 2016. Additional arrangement and description was completed in April 2018. The 2018 and 2019 accessions were processed on a rolling basis and the finding aid was updated in June 2019 and July 2021.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Western Lunatic Asylum Collection was completed in December 2016. Additional arrangement and description was completed in April 2018. The 2018 and 2019 accessions were processed on a rolling basis and the finding aid was updated in June 2019 and July 2021."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Western Lunatic Asylum Collection includes correspondence written to the Western Lunatic Asylum in Staunton, Virginia, dating from 1840 to about 1870, as well as final year reports from 1862 and 1903. The correspondece relates to the Western Lunatic Asylum in Staunton, Virginia, and most of the letters are written to Dr. Francis T. Stribling, the director of the Western Lunatic Asylum, by family members of patients concerning their care.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Western Lunatic Asylum Collection includes correspondence written to the Western Lunatic Asylum in Staunton, Virginia, dating from 1840 to about 1870, as well as final year reports from 1862 and 1903. The correspondece relates to the Western Lunatic Asylum in Staunton, Virginia, and most of the letters are written to Dr. Francis T. Stribling, the director of the Western Lunatic Asylum, by family members of patients concerning their care."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_44a8a27bd665e0182ea0c8d96de08626\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Western Lunatic Asylum Collection includes correspondence written to the Western Lunatic Asylum in Staunton, Virginia, dating from 1840 through the late 19th century, as well as annual reports from the 1860s and 1900s.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Western Lunatic Asylum Collection includes correspondence written to the Western Lunatic Asylum in Staunton, Virginia, dating from 1840 through the late 19th century, as well as annual reports from the 1860s and 1900s."],"names_coll_ssim":["Western Lunatic Asylum (Va.)","Stribling, Francis T.  (Francis Taliaferro), 1810-1874"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Western Lunatic Asylum (Va.)","Stribling, Francis T.  (Francis Taliaferro), 1810-1874"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Western Lunatic Asylum (Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Stribling, Francis T.  (Francis Taliaferro), 1810-1874"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":18,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:08:02.995Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3170"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2626","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"West Virginia University, Medical Education History, Research Notes","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2626#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"West Virginia University","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2626#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Typed drafts of Medical Education In West Virginia University by Gideon S. Dodds and Edward J. Van Liere. This eighteen volume draft set of research notes was compiled (1953-64) by WVU Physiology professor, Van Liere and WVU Embryology professor and Medical Faculty Committee officer, Dodds. There are also two volumes of scholarship statistics on WVU Medical students, 1932-64.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2626#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2626","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2626","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2626","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2626","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_2626.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/196692","title_ssm":["West Virginia University, Medical Education History, Research Notes"],"title_tesim":["West Virginia University, Medical Education History, Research Notes"],"unitdate_ssm":["1869-1964"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1869-1964"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 0222","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2626"],"text":["A\u0026M 0222","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2626","West Virginia University, Medical Education History, Research Notes","Education","Medicine","No special access restriction applies.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Typed drafts of Medical Education In West Virginia University by Gideon S. Dodds and Edward J. Van Liere. This eighteen volume draft set of research notes was compiled (1953-64) by WVU Physiology professor, Van Liere and WVU Embryology professor and Medical Faculty Committee officer, Dodds. There are also two volumes of scholarship statistics on WVU Medical students, 1932-64.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","West Virginia University","West Virginia University. 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For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Education","Medicine"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Education","Medicine"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3.75 Linear Feet Summary: 3 ft. 9 in. (3 records cartons, 15 in. each)"],"extent_tesim":["3.75 Linear Feet Summary: 3 ft. 9 in. 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For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_9a32e2e25c6d23b8e088164a0989163d\"\u003eTyped drafts of Medical Education In West Virginia University by Gideon S. Dodds and Edward J. Van Liere. This eighteen volume draft set of research notes was compiled (1953-64) by WVU Physiology professor, Van Liere and WVU Embryology professor and Medical Faculty Committee officer, Dodds. There are also two volumes of scholarship statistics on WVU Medical students, 1932-64.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Typed drafts of Medical Education In West Virginia University by Gideon S. Dodds and Edward J. Van Liere. This eighteen volume draft set of research notes was compiled (1953-64) by WVU Physiology professor, Van Liere and WVU Embryology professor and Medical Faculty Committee officer, Dodds. There are also two volumes of scholarship statistics on WVU Medical students, 1932-64."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_5d6fe14a29895bdcfd68d52c422fd928\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["West Virginia University. School of Medicine","Dodds, Gideon S.","Van Liere, Edward J., 1895-1979"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","West Virginia University","West Virginia University. School of Medicine","Dodds, Gideon S.","Van Liere, Edward J., 1895-1979"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","West Virginia University","West Virginia University. 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For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Typed drafts of Medical Education In West Virginia University by Gideon S. Dodds and Edward J. Van Liere. This eighteen volume draft set of research notes was compiled (1953-64) by WVU Physiology professor, Van Liere and WVU Embryology professor and Medical Faculty Committee officer, Dodds. There are also two volumes of scholarship statistics on WVU Medical students, 1932-64.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","West Virginia University","West Virginia University. School of Medicine","Dodds, Gideon S.","Van Liere, Edward J., 1895-1979","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 0222","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2626"],"normalized_title_ssm":["West Virginia University, Medical Education History, Research Notes"],"collection_title_tesim":["West Virginia University, Medical Education History, Research Notes"],"collection_ssim":["West Virginia University, Medical Education History, Research Notes"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creator_ssm":["West Virginia University"],"creator_ssim":["West Virginia University"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia University"],"creators_ssim":["West Virginia University"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. 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For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_9a32e2e25c6d23b8e088164a0989163d\"\u003eTyped drafts of Medical Education In West Virginia University by Gideon S. Dodds and Edward J. Van Liere. This eighteen volume draft set of research notes was compiled (1953-64) by WVU Physiology professor, Van Liere and WVU Embryology professor and Medical Faculty Committee officer, Dodds. There are also two volumes of scholarship statistics on WVU Medical students, 1932-64.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Typed drafts of Medical Education In West Virginia University by Gideon S. Dodds and Edward J. Van Liere. This eighteen volume draft set of research notes was compiled (1953-64) by WVU Physiology professor, Van Liere and WVU Embryology professor and Medical Faculty Committee officer, Dodds. There are also two volumes of scholarship statistics on WVU Medical students, 1932-64."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_5d6fe14a29895bdcfd68d52c422fd928\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. 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Leonard's letters home from February-July 1865, as well as his diary from August 1864-April 1865. Leonard served as an ambulance driver in and around the siege at Petersburg, which is the focus of his short diary entries. His early letters focus on war news and rumors, daily life, and news from home. Post-surrender letters emphasize Leonard's experiences while stationed around Washington, DC, daily life (including the growing frustrations of soldiers wanting to get home) and his complaint's about the rumors and delays of his regiment's discharge.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2745#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2745","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2745","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2745","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2745","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2745.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Leonard, William A. Papers","title_ssm":["William A. Leonard Papers,"],"title_tesim":["William A. Leonard Papers,"],"unitdate_ssm":["1864-1865"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1864-1865"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2011.106"],"text":["Ms.2011.106","William A. Leonard Papers,","Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","Petersburg (Va.) -- History -- Siege, 1864-1865","Petersburg (Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Diaries","Collection is open for research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","The collection is arranged by material type. Correspondence is in chronological order.","William A. Leonard was born about 1843 to Joel A. (b.1817)  and Sophia Leonard (1816-d. before 1880). His parents were both natives of Vermont who moved to Massachusetts. William and his two sisters, Leonora (b. abt. 1852; and who William calls \"Nora\" in his letters and is later listed as \"Mary\" in a least one set of census records) and Roselia (b. abt. 1859) were all born in Great Barrington, Berkshire County. ","It is unknown what line of work William Leonard was in prior to the war, though he was living at home with his family. He was drafted into service in July 1863 for a three year term with Company F, 16th Regiment, Massachusetts Infantry. In mid-July 1864, the 16th Infantry mustered out. Existing veterans and recruits, Leonard included, were transferred to the 11th Regiment, Massachusetts Infantry. From at least August of 1864 until Lee's surrender, Leonard served as an ambulance driver, transporting wounded from battlefield to hospital. His unit spent nearly a year in and around Petersburg. While stationed outside Washington, DC, waiting to muster out, Leonard also drove civilians in and around the city. He particularly makes mention of taking family members to hospitals to get news of soldiers. ","Leonard returned home to Great Barrington in July 1865. In 1880, he was living at home with his father, Leonora and her husband, and Leonora's brother-in-law. At the time, he was employed at a woolen mill. In 1894, he purchased a plumbing and steam fitting business from a former employer. Later census records suggest he was married to a woman named Hattie (probably Henrietta; b. abt. 1863), but it is unknown when. They had daughter, Nellie, in June 1897.","Sources: Ancestry.com Civil War Soldiers and Sailors System , National Park Service.  The Metal Worker , vol. XLI, January to June 1894. New York: David Williams, 1894. Via Google Books, November 2011.","The processing, arrangement, and description of the William A. Leonard Papers was completed in November 2011. Additional processing and description was completed in December 2011.","The collection includes William A. Leonard's letters home from February-July 1865, as well as his diary from August 1864-April 1865. Leonard served as an ambulance driver in and around the siege at Petersburg, which is the focus of his short diary entries. His early letters focus on war news and rumors, daily life, and news from home. Letters following Lee's surrender emphasize Leonard's experiences while stationed around Washington, DC, daily life (including the growing frustrations of soldiers wanting to get home) and his complaint's about the rumors and delays of his regiment's discharge and payment.","All the letters in this collection were written home to Leonard's parents, usually his mother. He continually reassures her not to worry about him, requests various things from home (especially stamps), and talks about his daily life. He frequently writes about plans for when he gets home. Leonard's religious sentiments also recur throughout his correspondence. He also includes war news and who he has seen, though he reveals his priorities and lack of interest in being a soldier, saying in March 1865:","we have got a good man to steer the machine, that fellow they call U. S. Grant. Sheridan \u0026 Sherman are giving them fits. I have seen Grant \u0026 Mede a number of times this summer I had a great deal rather see you + Pa. I dont want to see Nora because she wanted me to go soldiering","Although battle descriptions are not necessarily the focus of Leonard's letters, his 1864 correspondence contains details of being fired upon a Petersburg, of picket duty, and later, of transporting injured men. In June 1865, he writes several letters detailing the sight of unburied dead men and horses and the sound of fighting from the front at Petersburg. In May 1865, he writes of the incompetence of the doctors:","The Doctors here dont have any thing fit to give any one and the bigest of them dont know how to doctor a hen anyway. They take the wounded men legs and arms off half the time. when there is no need of it, do it practice there has been a number of times I have heard of that...The Doct of the Regt was a clerk in an apothecary shop... \n \nLeonard's diary begins in August 1864, apparently when he was appointed to drive an ambulance. His entries are short and refer mostly to his daily activities: who or what he was conveying to and from the hospital at City Point outside Petersburg; what letters he sent or received; war news; or when he attended religious meetings. Shortly before the diary ends in April 1865, he notes the firing of guns and cannons \"for the death of abram Lincoln President of the U.S. who was shot by a man by the name of Booth.\" He refers to the death of Lincoln and its effect on the soldiers in several letters, as well. Leonard's own correspondence suggests he kept a previous diary--in August 1864, he inquires if his mother has received the one he sent home--but it is unknown if this diary still exists.","Please note: Transcripts of the correspondence are available in the collection. ","A note about transcripts: Letters are transcribed with original spelling and grammar. Numbers in brackets indicate the page number in the letter. Unreadable words are replaced with a question mark. Uncertain words are in parentheses with a question mark. In general, no additional information was added, except in rare cases were a correct spelling of a name could be supplied, aiding in future research.","Permission to publish material from William A. Leonard Papers must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.","The collection includes William A. Leonard's letters home from February-July 1865, as well as his diary from August 1864-April 1865. Leonard served as an ambulance driver in and around the siege at Petersburg, which is the focus of his short diary entries. His early letters focus on war news and rumors, daily life, and news from home. Post-surrender letters emphasize Leonard's experiences while stationed around Washington, DC, daily life (including the growing frustrations of soldiers wanting to get home) and his complaint's about the rumors and delays of his regiment's discharge.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Leonard, William A., b.1843(?)","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2011.106"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William A. Leonard Papers,"],"collection_title_tesim":["William A. Leonard Papers,"],"collection_ssim":["William A. Leonard Papers,"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Leonard, William A., b.1843(?)"],"creator_ssim":["Leonard, William A., b.1843(?)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Leonard, William A., b.1843(?)"],"creators_ssim":["Leonard, William A., b.1843(?)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish material from William A. Leonard Papers must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"acqinfo_ssim":["William A. Leonard's diary was purchased by Special Collections in July 2011. A group of Leonard's correspondence  from 1865 was purchased by Special Collections in September 2011. Additional correspondence from 1864 and 1865 was purchased by Special Collections in December 2011."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","Petersburg (Va.) -- History -- Siege, 1864-1865","Petersburg (Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Diaries"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","Petersburg (Va.) -- History -- Siege, 1864-1865","Petersburg (Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Diaries"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1864,1865],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/72\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by material type. Correspondence is in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by material type. Correspondence is in chronological order."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam A. Leonard was born about 1843 to Joel A. (b.1817)  and Sophia Leonard (1816-d. before 1880). His parents were both natives of Vermont who moved to Massachusetts. William and his two sisters, Leonora (b. abt. 1852; and who William calls \"Nora\" in his letters and is later listed as \"Mary\" in a least one set of census records) and Roselia (b. abt. 1859) were all born in Great Barrington, Berkshire County. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIt is unknown what line of work William Leonard was in prior to the war, though he was living at home with his family. He was drafted into service in July 1863 for a three year term with Company F, 16th Regiment, Massachusetts Infantry. In mid-July 1864, the 16th Infantry mustered out. Existing veterans and recruits, Leonard included, were transferred to the 11th Regiment, Massachusetts Infantry. From at least August of 1864 until Lee's surrender, Leonard served as an ambulance driver, transporting wounded from battlefield to hospital. His unit spent nearly a year in and around Petersburg. While stationed outside Washington, DC, waiting to muster out, Leonard also drove civilians in and around the city. He particularly makes mention of taking family members to hospitals to get news of soldiers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLeonard returned home to Great Barrington in July 1865. In 1880, he was living at home with his father, Leonora and her husband, and Leonora's brother-in-law. At the time, he was employed at a woolen mill. In 1894, he purchased a plumbing and steam fitting business from a former employer. Later census records suggest he was married to a woman named Hattie (probably Henrietta; b. abt. 1863), but it is unknown when. They had daughter, Nellie, in June 1897.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003clist\u003e\n\u003chead\u003eSources:\u003c/head\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003cextref href=\"http://www.ancestry.com/\"\u003eAncestry.com\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003cextref href=\"http://www.itd.nps.gov/cwss/regiments.cfm\"\u003eCivil War Soldiers and Sailors System\u003c/extref\u003e, National Park Service. \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003cextref href=\"http://books.google.com/books?id=vdsfAQAAMAAJ\u0026amp;lpg=RA1-PA37\u0026amp;ots=v02gEfJu9U\u0026amp;dq=%22william%20a%20leonard%22%20great%20barrington\u0026amp;pg=PP5#v=onepage\u0026amp;q\u0026amp;f=false\"\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Metal Worker\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e, vol. XLI, January to June 1894. New York: David Williams, 1894. Via Google Books, November 2011.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["William A. Leonard was born about 1843 to Joel A. (b.1817)  and Sophia Leonard (1816-d. before 1880). His parents were both natives of Vermont who moved to Massachusetts. William and his two sisters, Leonora (b. abt. 1852; and who William calls \"Nora\" in his letters and is later listed as \"Mary\" in a least one set of census records) and Roselia (b. abt. 1859) were all born in Great Barrington, Berkshire County. ","It is unknown what line of work William Leonard was in prior to the war, though he was living at home with his family. He was drafted into service in July 1863 for a three year term with Company F, 16th Regiment, Massachusetts Infantry. In mid-July 1864, the 16th Infantry mustered out. Existing veterans and recruits, Leonard included, were transferred to the 11th Regiment, Massachusetts Infantry. From at least August of 1864 until Lee's surrender, Leonard served as an ambulance driver, transporting wounded from battlefield to hospital. His unit spent nearly a year in and around Petersburg. While stationed outside Washington, DC, waiting to muster out, Leonard also drove civilians in and around the city. He particularly makes mention of taking family members to hospitals to get news of soldiers. ","Leonard returned home to Great Barrington in July 1865. In 1880, he was living at home with his father, Leonora and her husband, and Leonora's brother-in-law. At the time, he was employed at a woolen mill. In 1894, he purchased a plumbing and steam fitting business from a former employer. Later census records suggest he was married to a woman named Hattie (probably Henrietta; b. abt. 1863), but it is unknown when. They had daughter, Nellie, in June 1897.","Sources: Ancestry.com Civil War Soldiers and Sailors System , National Park Service.  The Metal Worker , vol. XLI, January to June 1894. New York: David Williams, 1894. Via Google Books, November 2011."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: William A. Leonard Papers, Ms2011-106, Special Collections, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: William A. Leonard Papers, Ms2011-106, Special Collections, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the William A. Leonard Papers was completed in November 2011. Additional processing and description was completed in December 2011.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the William A. Leonard Papers was completed in November 2011. Additional processing and description was completed in December 2011."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes William A. Leonard's letters home from February-July 1865, as well as his diary from August 1864-April 1865. Leonard served as an ambulance driver in and around the siege at Petersburg, which is the focus of his short diary entries. His early letters focus on war news and rumors, daily life, and news from home. Letters following Lee's surrender emphasize Leonard's experiences while stationed around Washington, DC, daily life (including the growing frustrations of soldiers wanting to get home) and his complaint's about the rumors and delays of his regiment's discharge and payment.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAll the letters in this collection were written home to Leonard's parents, usually his mother. He continually reassures her not to worry about him, requests various things from home (especially stamps), and talks about his daily life. He frequently writes about plans for when he gets home. Leonard's religious sentiments also recur throughout his correspondence. He also includes war news and who he has seen, though he reveals his priorities and lack of interest in being a soldier, saying in March 1865:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cblockquote\u003ewe have got a good man to steer the machine, that fellow they call U. S. Grant. Sheridan \u0026amp; Sherman are giving them fits. I have seen Grant \u0026amp; Mede a number of times this summer I had a great deal rather see you + Pa. I dont want to see Nora because she wanted me to go soldiering\u003c/blockquote\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlthough battle descriptions are not necessarily the focus of Leonard's letters, his 1864 correspondence contains details of being fired upon a Petersburg, of picket duty, and later, of transporting injured men. In June 1865, he writes several letters detailing the sight of unburied dead men and horses and the sound of fighting from the front at Petersburg. In May 1865, he writes of the incompetence of the doctors:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cblockquote\u003eThe Doctors here dont have any thing fit to give any one and the bigest of them dont know how to doctor a hen anyway. They take the wounded men legs and arms off half the time. when there is no need of it, do it practice there has been a number of times I have heard of that...The Doct of the Regt was a clerk in an apothecary shop...\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n \nLeonard's diary begins in August 1864, apparently when he was appointed to drive an ambulance. His entries are short and refer mostly to his daily activities: who or what he was conveying to and from the hospital at City Point outside Petersburg; what letters he sent or received; war news; or when he attended religious meetings. Shortly before the diary ends in April 1865, he notes the firing of guns and cannons \"for the death of abram Lincoln President of the U.S. who was shot by a man by the name of Booth.\" He refers to the death of Lincoln and its effect on the soldiers in several letters, as well. Leonard's own correspondence suggests he kept a previous diary--in August 1864, he inquires if his mother has received the one he sent home--but it is unknown if this diary still exists.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePlease note: Transcripts of the correspondence are available in the collection. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA note about transcripts: Letters are transcribed with original spelling and grammar. Numbers in brackets indicate the page number in the letter. Unreadable words are replaced with a question mark. Uncertain words are in parentheses with a question mark. In general, no additional information was added, except in rare cases were a correct spelling of a name could be supplied, aiding in future research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes William A. Leonard's letters home from February-July 1865, as well as his diary from August 1864-April 1865. Leonard served as an ambulance driver in and around the siege at Petersburg, which is the focus of his short diary entries. His early letters focus on war news and rumors, daily life, and news from home. Letters following Lee's surrender emphasize Leonard's experiences while stationed around Washington, DC, daily life (including the growing frustrations of soldiers wanting to get home) and his complaint's about the rumors and delays of his regiment's discharge and payment.","All the letters in this collection were written home to Leonard's parents, usually his mother. He continually reassures her not to worry about him, requests various things from home (especially stamps), and talks about his daily life. He frequently writes about plans for when he gets home. Leonard's religious sentiments also recur throughout his correspondence. He also includes war news and who he has seen, though he reveals his priorities and lack of interest in being a soldier, saying in March 1865:","we have got a good man to steer the machine, that fellow they call U. S. Grant. Sheridan \u0026 Sherman are giving them fits. I have seen Grant \u0026 Mede a number of times this summer I had a great deal rather see you + Pa. I dont want to see Nora because she wanted me to go soldiering","Although battle descriptions are not necessarily the focus of Leonard's letters, his 1864 correspondence contains details of being fired upon a Petersburg, of picket duty, and later, of transporting injured men. In June 1865, he writes several letters detailing the sight of unburied dead men and horses and the sound of fighting from the front at Petersburg. In May 1865, he writes of the incompetence of the doctors:","The Doctors here dont have any thing fit to give any one and the bigest of them dont know how to doctor a hen anyway. They take the wounded men legs and arms off half the time. when there is no need of it, do it practice there has been a number of times I have heard of that...The Doct of the Regt was a clerk in an apothecary shop... \n \nLeonard's diary begins in August 1864, apparently when he was appointed to drive an ambulance. His entries are short and refer mostly to his daily activities: who or what he was conveying to and from the hospital at City Point outside Petersburg; what letters he sent or received; war news; or when he attended religious meetings. Shortly before the diary ends in April 1865, he notes the firing of guns and cannons \"for the death of abram Lincoln President of the U.S. who was shot by a man by the name of Booth.\" He refers to the death of Lincoln and its effect on the soldiers in several letters, as well. Leonard's own correspondence suggests he kept a previous diary--in August 1864, he inquires if his mother has received the one he sent home--but it is unknown if this diary still exists.","Please note: Transcripts of the correspondence are available in the collection. ","A note about transcripts: Letters are transcribed with original spelling and grammar. Numbers in brackets indicate the page number in the letter. Unreadable words are replaced with a question mark. Uncertain words are in parentheses with a question mark. In general, no additional information was added, except in rare cases were a correct spelling of a name could be supplied, aiding in future research."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish material from William A. Leonard Papers must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish material from William A. Leonard Papers must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_6b838a5f71d3f547cf4eb518925dd569\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection includes William A. Leonard's letters home from February-July 1865, as well as his diary from August 1864-April 1865. Leonard served as an ambulance driver in and around the siege at Petersburg, which is the focus of his short diary entries. His early letters focus on war news and rumors, daily life, and news from home. Post-surrender letters emphasize Leonard's experiences while stationed around Washington, DC, daily life (including the growing frustrations of soldiers wanting to get home) and his complaint's about the rumors and delays of his regiment's discharge.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection includes William A. Leonard's letters home from February-July 1865, as well as his diary from August 1864-April 1865. Leonard served as an ambulance driver in and around the siege at Petersburg, which is the focus of his short diary entries. His early letters focus on war news and rumors, daily life, and news from home. Post-surrender letters emphasize Leonard's experiences while stationed around Washington, DC, daily life (including the growing frustrations of soldiers wanting to get home) and his complaint's about the rumors and delays of his regiment's discharge."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Leonard, William A., b.1843(?)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Leonard, William A., b.1843(?)"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":5,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:33:02.120Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2745","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2745","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2745","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2745","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2745.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Leonard, William A. Papers","title_ssm":["William A. Leonard Papers,"],"title_tesim":["William A. Leonard Papers,"],"unitdate_ssm":["1864-1865"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1864-1865"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2011.106"],"text":["Ms.2011.106","William A. Leonard Papers,","Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","Petersburg (Va.) -- History -- Siege, 1864-1865","Petersburg (Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Diaries","Collection is open for research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","The collection is arranged by material type. Correspondence is in chronological order.","William A. Leonard was born about 1843 to Joel A. (b.1817)  and Sophia Leonard (1816-d. before 1880). His parents were both natives of Vermont who moved to Massachusetts. William and his two sisters, Leonora (b. abt. 1852; and who William calls \"Nora\" in his letters and is later listed as \"Mary\" in a least one set of census records) and Roselia (b. abt. 1859) were all born in Great Barrington, Berkshire County. ","It is unknown what line of work William Leonard was in prior to the war, though he was living at home with his family. He was drafted into service in July 1863 for a three year term with Company F, 16th Regiment, Massachusetts Infantry. In mid-July 1864, the 16th Infantry mustered out. Existing veterans and recruits, Leonard included, were transferred to the 11th Regiment, Massachusetts Infantry. From at least August of 1864 until Lee's surrender, Leonard served as an ambulance driver, transporting wounded from battlefield to hospital. His unit spent nearly a year in and around Petersburg. While stationed outside Washington, DC, waiting to muster out, Leonard also drove civilians in and around the city. He particularly makes mention of taking family members to hospitals to get news of soldiers. ","Leonard returned home to Great Barrington in July 1865. In 1880, he was living at home with his father, Leonora and her husband, and Leonora's brother-in-law. At the time, he was employed at a woolen mill. In 1894, he purchased a plumbing and steam fitting business from a former employer. Later census records suggest he was married to a woman named Hattie (probably Henrietta; b. abt. 1863), but it is unknown when. They had daughter, Nellie, in June 1897.","Sources: Ancestry.com Civil War Soldiers and Sailors System , National Park Service.  The Metal Worker , vol. XLI, January to June 1894. New York: David Williams, 1894. Via Google Books, November 2011.","The processing, arrangement, and description of the William A. Leonard Papers was completed in November 2011. Additional processing and description was completed in December 2011.","The collection includes William A. Leonard's letters home from February-July 1865, as well as his diary from August 1864-April 1865. Leonard served as an ambulance driver in and around the siege at Petersburg, which is the focus of his short diary entries. His early letters focus on war news and rumors, daily life, and news from home. Letters following Lee's surrender emphasize Leonard's experiences while stationed around Washington, DC, daily life (including the growing frustrations of soldiers wanting to get home) and his complaint's about the rumors and delays of his regiment's discharge and payment.","All the letters in this collection were written home to Leonard's parents, usually his mother. He continually reassures her not to worry about him, requests various things from home (especially stamps), and talks about his daily life. He frequently writes about plans for when he gets home. Leonard's religious sentiments also recur throughout his correspondence. He also includes war news and who he has seen, though he reveals his priorities and lack of interest in being a soldier, saying in March 1865:","we have got a good man to steer the machine, that fellow they call U. S. Grant. Sheridan \u0026 Sherman are giving them fits. I have seen Grant \u0026 Mede a number of times this summer I had a great deal rather see you + Pa. I dont want to see Nora because she wanted me to go soldiering","Although battle descriptions are not necessarily the focus of Leonard's letters, his 1864 correspondence contains details of being fired upon a Petersburg, of picket duty, and later, of transporting injured men. In June 1865, he writes several letters detailing the sight of unburied dead men and horses and the sound of fighting from the front at Petersburg. In May 1865, he writes of the incompetence of the doctors:","The Doctors here dont have any thing fit to give any one and the bigest of them dont know how to doctor a hen anyway. They take the wounded men legs and arms off half the time. when there is no need of it, do it practice there has been a number of times I have heard of that...The Doct of the Regt was a clerk in an apothecary shop... \n \nLeonard's diary begins in August 1864, apparently when he was appointed to drive an ambulance. His entries are short and refer mostly to his daily activities: who or what he was conveying to and from the hospital at City Point outside Petersburg; what letters he sent or received; war news; or when he attended religious meetings. Shortly before the diary ends in April 1865, he notes the firing of guns and cannons \"for the death of abram Lincoln President of the U.S. who was shot by a man by the name of Booth.\" He refers to the death of Lincoln and its effect on the soldiers in several letters, as well. Leonard's own correspondence suggests he kept a previous diary--in August 1864, he inquires if his mother has received the one he sent home--but it is unknown if this diary still exists.","Please note: Transcripts of the correspondence are available in the collection. ","A note about transcripts: Letters are transcribed with original spelling and grammar. Numbers in brackets indicate the page number in the letter. Unreadable words are replaced with a question mark. Uncertain words are in parentheses with a question mark. In general, no additional information was added, except in rare cases were a correct spelling of a name could be supplied, aiding in future research.","Permission to publish material from William A. Leonard Papers must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.","The collection includes William A. Leonard's letters home from February-July 1865, as well as his diary from August 1864-April 1865. Leonard served as an ambulance driver in and around the siege at Petersburg, which is the focus of his short diary entries. His early letters focus on war news and rumors, daily life, and news from home. Post-surrender letters emphasize Leonard's experiences while stationed around Washington, DC, daily life (including the growing frustrations of soldiers wanting to get home) and his complaint's about the rumors and delays of his regiment's discharge.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Leonard, William A., b.1843(?)","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2011.106"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William A. Leonard Papers,"],"collection_title_tesim":["William A. Leonard Papers,"],"collection_ssim":["William A. Leonard Papers,"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Leonard, William A., b.1843(?)"],"creator_ssim":["Leonard, William A., b.1843(?)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Leonard, William A., b.1843(?)"],"creators_ssim":["Leonard, William A., b.1843(?)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish material from William A. Leonard Papers must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"acqinfo_ssim":["William A. Leonard's diary was purchased by Special Collections in July 2011. A group of Leonard's correspondence  from 1865 was purchased by Special Collections in September 2011. Additional correspondence from 1864 and 1865 was purchased by Special Collections in December 2011."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","Petersburg (Va.) -- History -- Siege, 1864-1865","Petersburg (Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Diaries"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Medicine","Medicine, Military -- History","Petersburg (Va.) -- History -- Siege, 1864-1865","Petersburg (Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Diaries"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1864,1865],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/72\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by material type. Correspondence is in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by material type. Correspondence is in chronological order."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam A. Leonard was born about 1843 to Joel A. (b.1817)  and Sophia Leonard (1816-d. before 1880). His parents were both natives of Vermont who moved to Massachusetts. William and his two sisters, Leonora (b. abt. 1852; and who William calls \"Nora\" in his letters and is later listed as \"Mary\" in a least one set of census records) and Roselia (b. abt. 1859) were all born in Great Barrington, Berkshire County. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIt is unknown what line of work William Leonard was in prior to the war, though he was living at home with his family. He was drafted into service in July 1863 for a three year term with Company F, 16th Regiment, Massachusetts Infantry. In mid-July 1864, the 16th Infantry mustered out. Existing veterans and recruits, Leonard included, were transferred to the 11th Regiment, Massachusetts Infantry. From at least August of 1864 until Lee's surrender, Leonard served as an ambulance driver, transporting wounded from battlefield to hospital. His unit spent nearly a year in and around Petersburg. While stationed outside Washington, DC, waiting to muster out, Leonard also drove civilians in and around the city. He particularly makes mention of taking family members to hospitals to get news of soldiers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLeonard returned home to Great Barrington in July 1865. In 1880, he was living at home with his father, Leonora and her husband, and Leonora's brother-in-law. At the time, he was employed at a woolen mill. In 1894, he purchased a plumbing and steam fitting business from a former employer. Later census records suggest he was married to a woman named Hattie (probably Henrietta; b. abt. 1863), but it is unknown when. They had daughter, Nellie, in June 1897.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003clist\u003e\n\u003chead\u003eSources:\u003c/head\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003cextref href=\"http://www.ancestry.com/\"\u003eAncestry.com\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003cextref href=\"http://www.itd.nps.gov/cwss/regiments.cfm\"\u003eCivil War Soldiers and Sailors System\u003c/extref\u003e, National Park Service. \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003cextref href=\"http://books.google.com/books?id=vdsfAQAAMAAJ\u0026amp;lpg=RA1-PA37\u0026amp;ots=v02gEfJu9U\u0026amp;dq=%22william%20a%20leonard%22%20great%20barrington\u0026amp;pg=PP5#v=onepage\u0026amp;q\u0026amp;f=false\"\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Metal Worker\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e, vol. XLI, January to June 1894. New York: David Williams, 1894. Via Google Books, November 2011.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["William A. Leonard was born about 1843 to Joel A. (b.1817)  and Sophia Leonard (1816-d. before 1880). His parents were both natives of Vermont who moved to Massachusetts. William and his two sisters, Leonora (b. abt. 1852; and who William calls \"Nora\" in his letters and is later listed as \"Mary\" in a least one set of census records) and Roselia (b. abt. 1859) were all born in Great Barrington, Berkshire County. ","It is unknown what line of work William Leonard was in prior to the war, though he was living at home with his family. He was drafted into service in July 1863 for a three year term with Company F, 16th Regiment, Massachusetts Infantry. In mid-July 1864, the 16th Infantry mustered out. Existing veterans and recruits, Leonard included, were transferred to the 11th Regiment, Massachusetts Infantry. From at least August of 1864 until Lee's surrender, Leonard served as an ambulance driver, transporting wounded from battlefield to hospital. His unit spent nearly a year in and around Petersburg. While stationed outside Washington, DC, waiting to muster out, Leonard also drove civilians in and around the city. He particularly makes mention of taking family members to hospitals to get news of soldiers. ","Leonard returned home to Great Barrington in July 1865. In 1880, he was living at home with his father, Leonora and her husband, and Leonora's brother-in-law. At the time, he was employed at a woolen mill. In 1894, he purchased a plumbing and steam fitting business from a former employer. Later census records suggest he was married to a woman named Hattie (probably Henrietta; b. abt. 1863), but it is unknown when. They had daughter, Nellie, in June 1897.","Sources: Ancestry.com Civil War Soldiers and Sailors System , National Park Service.  The Metal Worker , vol. XLI, January to June 1894. New York: David Williams, 1894. Via Google Books, November 2011."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: William A. Leonard Papers, Ms2011-106, Special Collections, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: William A. Leonard Papers, Ms2011-106, Special Collections, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the William A. Leonard Papers was completed in November 2011. Additional processing and description was completed in December 2011.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the William A. Leonard Papers was completed in November 2011. Additional processing and description was completed in December 2011."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes William A. Leonard's letters home from February-July 1865, as well as his diary from August 1864-April 1865. Leonard served as an ambulance driver in and around the siege at Petersburg, which is the focus of his short diary entries. His early letters focus on war news and rumors, daily life, and news from home. Letters following Lee's surrender emphasize Leonard's experiences while stationed around Washington, DC, daily life (including the growing frustrations of soldiers wanting to get home) and his complaint's about the rumors and delays of his regiment's discharge and payment.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAll the letters in this collection were written home to Leonard's parents, usually his mother. He continually reassures her not to worry about him, requests various things from home (especially stamps), and talks about his daily life. He frequently writes about plans for when he gets home. Leonard's religious sentiments also recur throughout his correspondence. He also includes war news and who he has seen, though he reveals his priorities and lack of interest in being a soldier, saying in March 1865:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cblockquote\u003ewe have got a good man to steer the machine, that fellow they call U. S. Grant. Sheridan \u0026amp; Sherman are giving them fits. I have seen Grant \u0026amp; Mede a number of times this summer I had a great deal rather see you + Pa. I dont want to see Nora because she wanted me to go soldiering\u003c/blockquote\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlthough battle descriptions are not necessarily the focus of Leonard's letters, his 1864 correspondence contains details of being fired upon a Petersburg, of picket duty, and later, of transporting injured men. In June 1865, he writes several letters detailing the sight of unburied dead men and horses and the sound of fighting from the front at Petersburg. In May 1865, he writes of the incompetence of the doctors:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cblockquote\u003eThe Doctors here dont have any thing fit to give any one and the bigest of them dont know how to doctor a hen anyway. They take the wounded men legs and arms off half the time. when there is no need of it, do it practice there has been a number of times I have heard of that...The Doct of the Regt was a clerk in an apothecary shop...\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n \nLeonard's diary begins in August 1864, apparently when he was appointed to drive an ambulance. His entries are short and refer mostly to his daily activities: who or what he was conveying to and from the hospital at City Point outside Petersburg; what letters he sent or received; war news; or when he attended religious meetings. Shortly before the diary ends in April 1865, he notes the firing of guns and cannons \"for the death of abram Lincoln President of the U.S. who was shot by a man by the name of Booth.\" He refers to the death of Lincoln and its effect on the soldiers in several letters, as well. Leonard's own correspondence suggests he kept a previous diary--in August 1864, he inquires if his mother has received the one he sent home--but it is unknown if this diary still exists.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePlease note: Transcripts of the correspondence are available in the collection. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA note about transcripts: Letters are transcribed with original spelling and grammar. Numbers in brackets indicate the page number in the letter. Unreadable words are replaced with a question mark. Uncertain words are in parentheses with a question mark. In general, no additional information was added, except in rare cases were a correct spelling of a name could be supplied, aiding in future research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes William A. Leonard's letters home from February-July 1865, as well as his diary from August 1864-April 1865. Leonard served as an ambulance driver in and around the siege at Petersburg, which is the focus of his short diary entries. His early letters focus on war news and rumors, daily life, and news from home. Letters following Lee's surrender emphasize Leonard's experiences while stationed around Washington, DC, daily life (including the growing frustrations of soldiers wanting to get home) and his complaint's about the rumors and delays of his regiment's discharge and payment.","All the letters in this collection were written home to Leonard's parents, usually his mother. He continually reassures her not to worry about him, requests various things from home (especially stamps), and talks about his daily life. He frequently writes about plans for when he gets home. Leonard's religious sentiments also recur throughout his correspondence. He also includes war news and who he has seen, though he reveals his priorities and lack of interest in being a soldier, saying in March 1865:","we have got a good man to steer the machine, that fellow they call U. S. Grant. Sheridan \u0026 Sherman are giving them fits. I have seen Grant \u0026 Mede a number of times this summer I had a great deal rather see you + Pa. I dont want to see Nora because she wanted me to go soldiering","Although battle descriptions are not necessarily the focus of Leonard's letters, his 1864 correspondence contains details of being fired upon a Petersburg, of picket duty, and later, of transporting injured men. In June 1865, he writes several letters detailing the sight of unburied dead men and horses and the sound of fighting from the front at Petersburg. In May 1865, he writes of the incompetence of the doctors:","The Doctors here dont have any thing fit to give any one and the bigest of them dont know how to doctor a hen anyway. They take the wounded men legs and arms off half the time. when there is no need of it, do it practice there has been a number of times I have heard of that...The Doct of the Regt was a clerk in an apothecary shop... \n \nLeonard's diary begins in August 1864, apparently when he was appointed to drive an ambulance. His entries are short and refer mostly to his daily activities: who or what he was conveying to and from the hospital at City Point outside Petersburg; what letters he sent or received; war news; or when he attended religious meetings. Shortly before the diary ends in April 1865, he notes the firing of guns and cannons \"for the death of abram Lincoln President of the U.S. who was shot by a man by the name of Booth.\" He refers to the death of Lincoln and its effect on the soldiers in several letters, as well. Leonard's own correspondence suggests he kept a previous diary--in August 1864, he inquires if his mother has received the one he sent home--but it is unknown if this diary still exists.","Please note: Transcripts of the correspondence are available in the collection. ","A note about transcripts: Letters are transcribed with original spelling and grammar. Numbers in brackets indicate the page number in the letter. Unreadable words are replaced with a question mark. Uncertain words are in parentheses with a question mark. In general, no additional information was added, except in rare cases were a correct spelling of a name could be supplied, aiding in future research."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish material from William A. Leonard Papers must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish material from William A. Leonard Papers must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_6b838a5f71d3f547cf4eb518925dd569\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection includes William A. Leonard's letters home from February-July 1865, as well as his diary from August 1864-April 1865. Leonard served as an ambulance driver in and around the siege at Petersburg, which is the focus of his short diary entries. His early letters focus on war news and rumors, daily life, and news from home. Post-surrender letters emphasize Leonard's experiences while stationed around Washington, DC, daily life (including the growing frustrations of soldiers wanting to get home) and his complaint's about the rumors and delays of his regiment's discharge.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection includes William A. Leonard's letters home from February-July 1865, as well as his diary from August 1864-April 1865. Leonard served as an ambulance driver in and around the siege at Petersburg, which is the focus of his short diary entries. His early letters focus on war news and rumors, daily life, and news from home. Post-surrender letters emphasize Leonard's experiences while stationed around Washington, DC, daily life (including the growing frustrations of soldiers wanting to get home) and his complaint's about the rumors and delays of his regiment's discharge."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Leonard, William A., b.1843(?)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Leonard, William A., b.1843(?)"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":5,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:33:02.120Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2745"}},{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_61","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"William Alexander Graham Narrative","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_61#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Graham, William A. (William Alexander)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_61#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eA narrative of William Alexander Graham's journeys, medical training, and career from 1816-1819, in Lexington, and Abingdon, Virginia and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, taken from his diaries and letters, including references to some well-known contemporary figures like actors James Wallack and Thomas Cooper and artist Benjamin West.There is a summary of included names and places in the control folder.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_61#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_61","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_61","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_61","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_61","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WLU/repositories_5_resources_61.xml","title_ssm":["William Alexander Graham Narrative"],"title_tesim":["William Alexander Graham Narrative"],"unitdate_ssm":["Inclusive 1816-1819"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Inclusive 1816-1819"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["WLU.Coll.0099","/repositories/5/resources/61"],"text":["WLU.Coll.0099","/repositories/5/resources/61","William Alexander Graham Narrative","Virginia -- Abingdon","Virginia -- Lexington","Virginia -- House Mountain","Virginia -- Warm Springs","Washington (DC)","Diaries","Medical education","Medicine","William Alexander Graham, an 1815 alumnus and Virginia physician, was the son of Edward Graham, a Washington and Lee University professor and Margaret Alexander (sister of Archibald Alexander); and the nephew of William Graham, first rector of Liberty Hall Academy in Lexington, Virginia.","Blue sheet prepared by Betty Kondayan (2/11/2002)","A narrative of William Alexander Graham's journeys, medical training, and career from 1816-1819, in Lexington, and Abingdon, Virginia and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, taken from his diaries and letters, including references to some well-known contemporary figures like actors James Wallack and Thomas Cooper and artist Benjamin West.There is a summary of included names and places in the control folder.","The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.","Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","University of Pennsylvania. School of Medicine","Graham, William A. (William Alexander)","Graham, Edward","Graham, Margaret Alexander","Morris, William H. (William Hopkins)","Alexander, John, Major","Nicholas, Wilson Cary","Preston, John Smith","McDowell, James, 1795-1851","Alexander, Archibald","Beard, Samuel, Colonel","English"],"unitid_tesim":["WLU.Coll.0099","/repositories/5/resources/61"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Alexander Graham Narrative"],"collection_title_tesim":["William Alexander Graham Narrative"],"collection_ssim":["William Alexander Graham Narrative"],"repository_ssm":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia -- Abingdon","Virginia -- Lexington","Virginia -- House Mountain","Virginia -- Warm Springs","Washington (DC)"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia -- Abingdon","Virginia -- Lexington","Virginia -- House Mountain","Virginia -- Warm Springs","Washington (DC)"],"creator_ssm":["Graham, William A. (William Alexander)"],"creator_ssim":["Graham, William A. (William Alexander)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Graham, William A. (William Alexander)"],"creators_ssim":["Graham, William A. (William Alexander)"],"places_ssim":["Virginia -- Abingdon","Virginia -- Lexington","Virginia -- House Mountain","Virginia -- Warm Springs","Washington (DC)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Rockbridge Historical Society, 1981."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Diaries","Medical education","Medicine"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Diaries","Medical education","Medicine"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Item 1 (notebook.)"],"extent_tesim":["1 Item 1 (notebook.)"],"date_range_isim":[1816,1817,1818,1819],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Alexander Graham, an 1815 alumnus and Virginia physician, was the son of Edward Graham, a Washington and Lee University professor and Margaret Alexander (sister of Archibald Alexander); and the nephew of William Graham, first rector of Liberty Hall Academy in Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["William Alexander Graham, an 1815 alumnus and Virginia physician, was the son of Edward Graham, a Washington and Lee University professor and Margaret Alexander (sister of Archibald Alexander); and the nephew of William Graham, first rector of Liberty Hall Academy in Lexington, Virginia."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePreferred citation: [Identification of item], William Alexander Graham Narrative, WLU Coll. 0099, Special Collections, Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA. In some cases the citation format may vary. Please contact Special Collections staff to verify the appropriate format.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Preferred citation: [Identification of item], William Alexander Graham Narrative, WLU Coll. 0099, Special Collections, Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA. In some cases the citation format may vary. Please contact Special Collections staff to verify the appropriate format."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBlue sheet prepared by Betty Kondayan (2/11/2002)\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Blue sheet prepared by Betty Kondayan (2/11/2002)"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA narrative of William Alexander Graham's journeys, medical training, and career from 1816-1819, in Lexington, and Abingdon, Virginia and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, taken from his diaries and letters, including references to some well-known contemporary figures like actors James Wallack and Thomas Cooper and artist Benjamin West.There is a summary of included names and places in the control folder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A narrative of William Alexander Graham's journeys, medical training, and career from 1816-1819, in Lexington, and Abingdon, Virginia and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, taken from his diaries and letters, including references to some well-known contemporary figures like actors James Wallack and Thomas Cooper and artist Benjamin West.There is a summary of included names and places in the control folder."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"names_coll_ssim":["University of Pennsylvania. School of Medicine","Graham, Edward","Graham, Margaret Alexander","Morris, William H. (William Hopkins)","Alexander, John, Major","Nicholas, Wilson Cary","Preston, John Smith","McDowell, James, 1795-1851","Alexander, Archibald","Beard, Samuel, Colonel"],"names_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","University of Pennsylvania. School of Medicine","Graham, William A. (William Alexander)","Graham, Edward","Graham, Margaret Alexander","Morris, William H. (William Hopkins)","Alexander, John, Major","Nicholas, Wilson Cary","Preston, John Smith","McDowell, James, 1795-1851","Alexander, Archibald","Beard, Samuel, Colonel"],"corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","University of Pennsylvania. School of Medicine"],"persname_ssim":["Graham, William A. (William Alexander)","Graham, Edward","Graham, Margaret Alexander","Morris, William H. (William Hopkins)","Alexander, John, Major","Nicholas, Wilson Cary","Preston, John Smith","McDowell, James, 1795-1851","Alexander, Archibald","Beard, Samuel, Colonel"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:20:51.471Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_61","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_61","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_61","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_61","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WLU/repositories_5_resources_61.xml","title_ssm":["William Alexander Graham Narrative"],"title_tesim":["William Alexander Graham Narrative"],"unitdate_ssm":["Inclusive 1816-1819"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Inclusive 1816-1819"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["WLU.Coll.0099","/repositories/5/resources/61"],"text":["WLU.Coll.0099","/repositories/5/resources/61","William Alexander Graham Narrative","Virginia -- Abingdon","Virginia -- Lexington","Virginia -- House Mountain","Virginia -- Warm Springs","Washington (DC)","Diaries","Medical education","Medicine","William Alexander Graham, an 1815 alumnus and Virginia physician, was the son of Edward Graham, a Washington and Lee University professor and Margaret Alexander (sister of Archibald Alexander); and the nephew of William Graham, first rector of Liberty Hall Academy in Lexington, Virginia.","Blue sheet prepared by Betty Kondayan (2/11/2002)","A narrative of William Alexander Graham's journeys, medical training, and career from 1816-1819, in Lexington, and Abingdon, Virginia and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, taken from his diaries and letters, including references to some well-known contemporary figures like actors James Wallack and Thomas Cooper and artist Benjamin West.There is a summary of included names and places in the control folder.","The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.","Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","University of Pennsylvania. School of Medicine","Graham, William A. (William Alexander)","Graham, Edward","Graham, Margaret Alexander","Morris, William H. (William Hopkins)","Alexander, John, Major","Nicholas, Wilson Cary","Preston, John Smith","McDowell, James, 1795-1851","Alexander, Archibald","Beard, Samuel, Colonel","English"],"unitid_tesim":["WLU.Coll.0099","/repositories/5/resources/61"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Alexander Graham Narrative"],"collection_title_tesim":["William Alexander Graham Narrative"],"collection_ssim":["William Alexander Graham Narrative"],"repository_ssm":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia -- Abingdon","Virginia -- Lexington","Virginia -- House Mountain","Virginia -- Warm Springs","Washington (DC)"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia -- Abingdon","Virginia -- Lexington","Virginia -- House Mountain","Virginia -- Warm Springs","Washington (DC)"],"creator_ssm":["Graham, William A. (William Alexander)"],"creator_ssim":["Graham, William A. (William Alexander)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Graham, William A. 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Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Rockbridge Historical Society, 1981."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Diaries","Medical education","Medicine"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Diaries","Medical education","Medicine"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Item 1 (notebook.)"],"extent_tesim":["1 Item 1 (notebook.)"],"date_range_isim":[1816,1817,1818,1819],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Alexander Graham, an 1815 alumnus and Virginia physician, was the son of Edward Graham, a Washington and Lee University professor and Margaret Alexander (sister of Archibald Alexander); and the nephew of William Graham, first rector of Liberty Hall Academy in Lexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["William Alexander Graham, an 1815 alumnus and Virginia physician, was the son of Edward Graham, a Washington and Lee University professor and Margaret Alexander (sister of Archibald Alexander); and the nephew of William Graham, first rector of Liberty Hall Academy in Lexington, Virginia."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePreferred citation: [Identification of item], William Alexander Graham Narrative, WLU Coll. 0099, Special Collections, Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA. 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Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"names_coll_ssim":["University of Pennsylvania. School of Medicine","Graham, Edward","Graham, Margaret Alexander","Morris, William H. (William Hopkins)","Alexander, John, Major","Nicholas, Wilson Cary","Preston, John Smith","McDowell, James, 1795-1851","Alexander, Archibald","Beard, Samuel, Colonel"],"names_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","University of Pennsylvania. School of Medicine","Graham, William A. (William Alexander)","Graham, Edward","Graham, Margaret Alexander","Morris, William H. (William Hopkins)","Alexander, John, Major","Nicholas, Wilson Cary","Preston, John Smith","McDowell, James, 1795-1851","Alexander, Archibald","Beard, Samuel, Colonel"],"corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","University of Pennsylvania. School of Medicine"],"persname_ssim":["Graham, William A. (William Alexander)","Graham, Edward","Graham, Margaret Alexander","Morris, William H. (William Hopkins)","Alexander, John, Major","Nicholas, Wilson Cary","Preston, John Smith","McDowell, James, 1795-1851","Alexander, Archibald","Beard, Samuel, Colonel"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:20:51.471Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_61"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2584","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"William J. Moore Letters","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2584#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Moore, William, d.1862","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2584#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection contains four letters written by Union American Civil War soldier William Moore, Private, Company E, 27th Kentucky Infantry. Letters primarily detail Moore's desire to return home and concerns over both his and his wife's health. An additional two letters by Capt. J.R. Robinson concern Moore's poor health and his subsequent death.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2584#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2584","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2584","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2584","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2584","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2584.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Moore, William J., Letters","title_ssm":["William J. Moore Letters"],"title_tesim":["William J. Moore Letters"],"unitdate_ssm":["1862"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1862"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2010.031"],"text":["Ms.2010.031","William J. Moore Letters","Civil War","Diseases","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Medicine","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","The collection is open for research.","The collection is organized chronologically.","William J. Moore lists himself as of the BG William \"Bull\" Nelson Division, Col. William B. Hazen Brigade, Col. C.D. Pennebaker Regiment, Company E. Matching this with the American Civil War Soldiers system places him as a private in the 27th Kentucky Infantry. While Moore does not mention it, he likely saw combat at Shiloh shortly before he died of disease (likely dysentery). ","Family records show that William Moore died on June 15, 1862, which is confirmed by Capt. Robinson's letter. Moore's wife Lydia died on July 18, 1862 according to the same family records. They were survived by their infant daughter Harriet who was born on January 23, 1861, and adopted by relatives.","The guide to the William J. Moore Letters by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the William J. Moore Letters commenced and was completed in June 2010.","The collection contains four letters written by Union American Civil War soldier William Moore, Private, Company E, 27th Kentucky Infantry. Letters primarily detail Moore's desire to return home and concerns over both his and his wife's health. An additional two letters by Capt. J.R. Robinson concern Moore's poor health and his subsequent death.","During the time period of interest, Moore travels with the Army of the Ohio from around Elizabethtown, Kentucky, to around Corinth, Mississippi, with many other stops along the way. Moore's regiment participated in the Battle of Shiloh in April.","Moore writes on February 7, 1862: \"…we think that it won't be long before peace will be made and I will return back to my old home Again.\" He notes a sermon and church attendance in Elizabethtown, Kentucky, on February 2, 1862. Despite the longing and belief that he will return home, Moore foreshadows his death as he urges his wife to attend church so they will meet in heaven if he dies. He asks if there is word from the family of William Coils (Private, 159th New York Infantry, Company E) and Chesslys Rogers (possible Chester?)","Moore claims to be feeling ill March 7. He still feels the war will end soon. \"I must close my leter by saying remember your dare husband until death.\" In the April 1 letter to Moore insists his brother comes to see him at camp because Moore has some \"very importance business\" with him. This letter also contains notes to his wife to go to the doctor to get medicine; clearly Moore is aware his wife is also ill. Moore has relocated to Camp Shiloh by his April 27 letter and claims that he is no longer ill. He mostly discusses money and longing for home, as well as a mention of passing through a battlefield and seeing the dead.","Captain Robinson's letter claims Moore boarded a steamboat in Hamburg, Tennessee, bound for Kentucky but died before it left harbor. Moore was stationed at a camp near Corinth, Mississippi, from May 15 onward. Moore contracted some sort of illness, making him very weak, and was taken to a hospital with a group on June 3. For the next several weeks, Robinson was ordered to march south 25-30 miles. Because of this, he did not know of Moore's death until returning to camp and was unable to send Moore's remains home for a proper burial. ","Note that if the family records are correct, Captain Robinson's notification of Moore's death never reached Moore's wife as she had already died.","The Son of Light Horse Harry  by James Barnes (call number PS3503.A6153 S6 1904 Spec Civil War) has been separated to the Rare Book Collection.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection contains four letters written by Union American Civil War soldier William Moore, Private, Company E, 27th Kentucky Infantry. Letters primarily detail Moore's desire to return home and concerns over both his and his wife's health. An additional two letters by Capt. J.R. Robinson concern Moore's poor health and his subsequent death.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Moore, William, d.1862","Robinson, J. R. (27th Regiment, Kentucky Infantry)","The material in the collection is in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2010.031"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William J. Moore Letters"],"collection_title_tesim":["William J. Moore Letters"],"collection_ssim":["William J. Moore Letters"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Moore, William, d.1862","Robinson, J. R. (27th Regiment, Kentucky Infantry)"],"creator_ssim":["Moore, William, d.1862","Robinson, J. R. (27th Regiment, Kentucky Infantry)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Moore, William, d.1862","Robinson, J. R. (27th Regiment, Kentucky Infantry)"],"creators_ssim":["Moore, William, d.1862","Robinson, J. R. (27th Regiment, Kentucky Infantry)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The William J. Moore Letters were donated to Special Collections in May 2010."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Diseases","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Medicine","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Diseases","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Medicine","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1862],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam J. Moore lists himself as of the BG William \"Bull\" Nelson Division, Col. William B. Hazen Brigade, Col. C.D. Pennebaker Regiment, Company E. Matching this with the American Civil War Soldiers system places him as a private in the 27th Kentucky Infantry. While Moore does not mention it, he likely saw combat at Shiloh shortly before he died of disease (likely dysentery). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFamily records show that William Moore died on June 15, 1862, which is confirmed by Capt. Robinson's letter. Moore's wife Lydia died on July 18, 1862 according to the same family records. They were survived by their infant daughter Harriet who was born on January 23, 1861, and adopted by relatives.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["William J. Moore lists himself as of the BG William \"Bull\" Nelson Division, Col. William B. Hazen Brigade, Col. C.D. Pennebaker Regiment, Company E. Matching this with the American Civil War Soldiers system places him as a private in the 27th Kentucky Infantry. While Moore does not mention it, he likely saw combat at Shiloh shortly before he died of disease (likely dysentery). ","Family records show that William Moore died on June 15, 1862, which is confirmed by Capt. Robinson's letter. Moore's wife Lydia died on July 18, 1862 according to the same family records. They were survived by their infant daughter Harriet who was born on January 23, 1861, and adopted by relatives."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the William J. Moore Letters by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the William J. Moore Letters by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William J. Moore Letters, Ms2010-031, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William J. Moore Letters, Ms2010-031, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the William J. Moore Letters commenced and was completed in June 2010.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the William J. Moore Letters commenced and was completed in June 2010."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains four letters written by Union American Civil War soldier William Moore, Private, Company E, 27th Kentucky Infantry. Letters primarily detail Moore's desire to return home and concerns over both his and his wife's health. An additional two letters by Capt. J.R. Robinson concern Moore's poor health and his subsequent death.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring the time period of interest, Moore travels with the Army of the Ohio from around Elizabethtown, Kentucky, to around Corinth, Mississippi, with many other stops along the way. Moore's regiment participated in the Battle of Shiloh in April.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMoore writes on February 7, 1862: \"…we think that it won't be long before peace will be made and I will return back to my old home Again.\" He notes a sermon and church attendance in Elizabethtown, Kentucky, on February 2, 1862. Despite the longing and belief that he will return home, Moore foreshadows his death as he urges his wife to attend church so they will meet in heaven if he dies. He asks if there is word from the family of William Coils (Private, 159th New York Infantry, Company E) and Chesslys Rogers (possible Chester?)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMoore claims to be feeling ill March 7. He still feels the war will end soon. \"I must close my leter by saying remember your dare husband until death.\" In the April 1 letter to Moore insists his brother comes to see him at camp because Moore has some \"very importance business\" with him. This letter also contains notes to his wife to go to the doctor to get medicine; clearly Moore is aware his wife is also ill. Moore has relocated to Camp Shiloh by his April 27 letter and claims that he is no longer ill. He mostly discusses money and longing for home, as well as a mention of passing through a battlefield and seeing the dead.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCaptain Robinson's letter claims Moore boarded a steamboat in Hamburg, Tennessee, bound for Kentucky but died before it left harbor. Moore was stationed at a camp near Corinth, Mississippi, from May 15 onward. Moore contracted some sort of illness, making him very weak, and was taken to a hospital with a group on June 3. For the next several weeks, Robinson was ordered to march south 25-30 miles. Because of this, he did not know of Moore's death until returning to camp and was unable to send Moore's remains home for a proper burial. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote that if the family records are correct, Captain Robinson's notification of Moore's death never reached Moore's wife as she had already died.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains four letters written by Union American Civil War soldier William Moore, Private, Company E, 27th Kentucky Infantry. Letters primarily detail Moore's desire to return home and concerns over both his and his wife's health. An additional two letters by Capt. J.R. Robinson concern Moore's poor health and his subsequent death.","During the time period of interest, Moore travels with the Army of the Ohio from around Elizabethtown, Kentucky, to around Corinth, Mississippi, with many other stops along the way. Moore's regiment participated in the Battle of Shiloh in April.","Moore writes on February 7, 1862: \"…we think that it won't be long before peace will be made and I will return back to my old home Again.\" He notes a sermon and church attendance in Elizabethtown, Kentucky, on February 2, 1862. Despite the longing and belief that he will return home, Moore foreshadows his death as he urges his wife to attend church so they will meet in heaven if he dies. He asks if there is word from the family of William Coils (Private, 159th New York Infantry, Company E) and Chesslys Rogers (possible Chester?)","Moore claims to be feeling ill March 7. He still feels the war will end soon. \"I must close my leter by saying remember your dare husband until death.\" In the April 1 letter to Moore insists his brother comes to see him at camp because Moore has some \"very importance business\" with him. This letter also contains notes to his wife to go to the doctor to get medicine; clearly Moore is aware his wife is also ill. Moore has relocated to Camp Shiloh by his April 27 letter and claims that he is no longer ill. He mostly discusses money and longing for home, as well as a mention of passing through a battlefield and seeing the dead.","Captain Robinson's letter claims Moore boarded a steamboat in Hamburg, Tennessee, bound for Kentucky but died before it left harbor. Moore was stationed at a camp near Corinth, Mississippi, from May 15 onward. Moore contracted some sort of illness, making him very weak, and was taken to a hospital with a group on June 3. For the next several weeks, Robinson was ordered to march south 25-30 miles. Because of this, he did not know of Moore's death until returning to camp and was unable to send Moore's remains home for a proper burial. ","Note that if the family records are correct, Captain Robinson's notification of Moore's death never reached Moore's wife as she had already died."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Son of Light Horse Harry\u003c/title\u003e by James Barnes (call number PS3503.A6153 S6 1904 Spec Civil War) has been separated to the Rare Book Collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The Son of Light Horse Harry  by James Barnes (call number PS3503.A6153 S6 1904 Spec Civil War) has been separated to the Rare Book Collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_812d93401df2cf8f5cc5eeccde5036e7\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection contains four letters written by Union American Civil War soldier William Moore, Private, Company E, 27th Kentucky Infantry. Letters primarily detail Moore's desire to return home and concerns over both his and his wife's health. An additional two letters by Capt. J.R. Robinson concern Moore's poor health and his subsequent death.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection contains four letters written by Union American Civil War soldier William Moore, Private, Company E, 27th Kentucky Infantry. Letters primarily detail Moore's desire to return home and concerns over both his and his wife's health. An additional two letters by Capt. J.R. Robinson concern Moore's poor health and his subsequent death."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Moore, William, d.1862","Robinson, J. R. (27th Regiment, Kentucky Infantry)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Moore, William, d.1862","Robinson, J. R. (27th Regiment, Kentucky Infantry)"],"language_ssim":["The material in the collection is in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:04:32.548Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2584","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2584","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2584","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2584","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2584.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Moore, William J., Letters","title_ssm":["William J. Moore Letters"],"title_tesim":["William J. Moore Letters"],"unitdate_ssm":["1862"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1862"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2010.031"],"text":["Ms.2010.031","William J. Moore Letters","Civil War","Diseases","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Medicine","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","The collection is open for research.","The collection is organized chronologically.","William J. Moore lists himself as of the BG William \"Bull\" Nelson Division, Col. William B. Hazen Brigade, Col. C.D. Pennebaker Regiment, Company E. Matching this with the American Civil War Soldiers system places him as a private in the 27th Kentucky Infantry. While Moore does not mention it, he likely saw combat at Shiloh shortly before he died of disease (likely dysentery). ","Family records show that William Moore died on June 15, 1862, which is confirmed by Capt. Robinson's letter. Moore's wife Lydia died on July 18, 1862 according to the same family records. They were survived by their infant daughter Harriet who was born on January 23, 1861, and adopted by relatives.","The guide to the William J. Moore Letters by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the William J. Moore Letters commenced and was completed in June 2010.","The collection contains four letters written by Union American Civil War soldier William Moore, Private, Company E, 27th Kentucky Infantry. Letters primarily detail Moore's desire to return home and concerns over both his and his wife's health. An additional two letters by Capt. J.R. Robinson concern Moore's poor health and his subsequent death.","During the time period of interest, Moore travels with the Army of the Ohio from around Elizabethtown, Kentucky, to around Corinth, Mississippi, with many other stops along the way. Moore's regiment participated in the Battle of Shiloh in April.","Moore writes on February 7, 1862: \"…we think that it won't be long before peace will be made and I will return back to my old home Again.\" He notes a sermon and church attendance in Elizabethtown, Kentucky, on February 2, 1862. Despite the longing and belief that he will return home, Moore foreshadows his death as he urges his wife to attend church so they will meet in heaven if he dies. He asks if there is word from the family of William Coils (Private, 159th New York Infantry, Company E) and Chesslys Rogers (possible Chester?)","Moore claims to be feeling ill March 7. He still feels the war will end soon. \"I must close my leter by saying remember your dare husband until death.\" In the April 1 letter to Moore insists his brother comes to see him at camp because Moore has some \"very importance business\" with him. This letter also contains notes to his wife to go to the doctor to get medicine; clearly Moore is aware his wife is also ill. Moore has relocated to Camp Shiloh by his April 27 letter and claims that he is no longer ill. He mostly discusses money and longing for home, as well as a mention of passing through a battlefield and seeing the dead.","Captain Robinson's letter claims Moore boarded a steamboat in Hamburg, Tennessee, bound for Kentucky but died before it left harbor. Moore was stationed at a camp near Corinth, Mississippi, from May 15 onward. Moore contracted some sort of illness, making him very weak, and was taken to a hospital with a group on June 3. For the next several weeks, Robinson was ordered to march south 25-30 miles. Because of this, he did not know of Moore's death until returning to camp and was unable to send Moore's remains home for a proper burial. ","Note that if the family records are correct, Captain Robinson's notification of Moore's death never reached Moore's wife as she had already died.","The Son of Light Horse Harry  by James Barnes (call number PS3503.A6153 S6 1904 Spec Civil War) has been separated to the Rare Book Collection.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection contains four letters written by Union American Civil War soldier William Moore, Private, Company E, 27th Kentucky Infantry. Letters primarily detail Moore's desire to return home and concerns over both his and his wife's health. An additional two letters by Capt. J.R. Robinson concern Moore's poor health and his subsequent death.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Moore, William, d.1862","Robinson, J. R. (27th Regiment, Kentucky Infantry)","The material in the collection is in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2010.031"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William J. Moore Letters"],"collection_title_tesim":["William J. Moore Letters"],"collection_ssim":["William J. Moore Letters"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Moore, William, d.1862","Robinson, J. R. (27th Regiment, Kentucky Infantry)"],"creator_ssim":["Moore, William, d.1862","Robinson, J. R. (27th Regiment, Kentucky Infantry)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Moore, William, d.1862","Robinson, J. R. (27th Regiment, Kentucky Infantry)"],"creators_ssim":["Moore, William, d.1862","Robinson, J. R. (27th Regiment, Kentucky Infantry)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The William J. Moore Letters were donated to Special Collections in May 2010."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Diseases","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Medicine","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Diseases","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Medicine","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1862],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam J. Moore lists himself as of the BG William \"Bull\" Nelson Division, Col. William B. Hazen Brigade, Col. C.D. Pennebaker Regiment, Company E. Matching this with the American Civil War Soldiers system places him as a private in the 27th Kentucky Infantry. While Moore does not mention it, he likely saw combat at Shiloh shortly before he died of disease (likely dysentery). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFamily records show that William Moore died on June 15, 1862, which is confirmed by Capt. Robinson's letter. Moore's wife Lydia died on July 18, 1862 according to the same family records. They were survived by their infant daughter Harriet who was born on January 23, 1861, and adopted by relatives.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["William J. Moore lists himself as of the BG William \"Bull\" Nelson Division, Col. William B. Hazen Brigade, Col. C.D. Pennebaker Regiment, Company E. Matching this with the American Civil War Soldiers system places him as a private in the 27th Kentucky Infantry. While Moore does not mention it, he likely saw combat at Shiloh shortly before he died of disease (likely dysentery). ","Family records show that William Moore died on June 15, 1862, which is confirmed by Capt. Robinson's letter. Moore's wife Lydia died on July 18, 1862 according to the same family records. They were survived by their infant daughter Harriet who was born on January 23, 1861, and adopted by relatives."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the William J. Moore Letters by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the William J. Moore Letters by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William J. Moore Letters, Ms2010-031, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William J. Moore Letters, Ms2010-031, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the William J. Moore Letters commenced and was completed in June 2010.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the William J. Moore Letters commenced and was completed in June 2010."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains four letters written by Union American Civil War soldier William Moore, Private, Company E, 27th Kentucky Infantry. Letters primarily detail Moore's desire to return home and concerns over both his and his wife's health. An additional two letters by Capt. J.R. Robinson concern Moore's poor health and his subsequent death.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring the time period of interest, Moore travels with the Army of the Ohio from around Elizabethtown, Kentucky, to around Corinth, Mississippi, with many other stops along the way. Moore's regiment participated in the Battle of Shiloh in April.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMoore writes on February 7, 1862: \"…we think that it won't be long before peace will be made and I will return back to my old home Again.\" He notes a sermon and church attendance in Elizabethtown, Kentucky, on February 2, 1862. Despite the longing and belief that he will return home, Moore foreshadows his death as he urges his wife to attend church so they will meet in heaven if he dies. He asks if there is word from the family of William Coils (Private, 159th New York Infantry, Company E) and Chesslys Rogers (possible Chester?)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMoore claims to be feeling ill March 7. He still feels the war will end soon. \"I must close my leter by saying remember your dare husband until death.\" In the April 1 letter to Moore insists his brother comes to see him at camp because Moore has some \"very importance business\" with him. This letter also contains notes to his wife to go to the doctor to get medicine; clearly Moore is aware his wife is also ill. Moore has relocated to Camp Shiloh by his April 27 letter and claims that he is no longer ill. He mostly discusses money and longing for home, as well as a mention of passing through a battlefield and seeing the dead.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCaptain Robinson's letter claims Moore boarded a steamboat in Hamburg, Tennessee, bound for Kentucky but died before it left harbor. Moore was stationed at a camp near Corinth, Mississippi, from May 15 onward. Moore contracted some sort of illness, making him very weak, and was taken to a hospital with a group on June 3. For the next several weeks, Robinson was ordered to march south 25-30 miles. Because of this, he did not know of Moore's death until returning to camp and was unable to send Moore's remains home for a proper burial. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote that if the family records are correct, Captain Robinson's notification of Moore's death never reached Moore's wife as she had already died.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains four letters written by Union American Civil War soldier William Moore, Private, Company E, 27th Kentucky Infantry. Letters primarily detail Moore's desire to return home and concerns over both his and his wife's health. An additional two letters by Capt. J.R. Robinson concern Moore's poor health and his subsequent death.","During the time period of interest, Moore travels with the Army of the Ohio from around Elizabethtown, Kentucky, to around Corinth, Mississippi, with many other stops along the way. Moore's regiment participated in the Battle of Shiloh in April.","Moore writes on February 7, 1862: \"…we think that it won't be long before peace will be made and I will return back to my old home Again.\" He notes a sermon and church attendance in Elizabethtown, Kentucky, on February 2, 1862. Despite the longing and belief that he will return home, Moore foreshadows his death as he urges his wife to attend church so they will meet in heaven if he dies. He asks if there is word from the family of William Coils (Private, 159th New York Infantry, Company E) and Chesslys Rogers (possible Chester?)","Moore claims to be feeling ill March 7. He still feels the war will end soon. \"I must close my leter by saying remember your dare husband until death.\" In the April 1 letter to Moore insists his brother comes to see him at camp because Moore has some \"very importance business\" with him. This letter also contains notes to his wife to go to the doctor to get medicine; clearly Moore is aware his wife is also ill. Moore has relocated to Camp Shiloh by his April 27 letter and claims that he is no longer ill. He mostly discusses money and longing for home, as well as a mention of passing through a battlefield and seeing the dead.","Captain Robinson's letter claims Moore boarded a steamboat in Hamburg, Tennessee, bound for Kentucky but died before it left harbor. Moore was stationed at a camp near Corinth, Mississippi, from May 15 onward. Moore contracted some sort of illness, making him very weak, and was taken to a hospital with a group on June 3. For the next several weeks, Robinson was ordered to march south 25-30 miles. Because of this, he did not know of Moore's death until returning to camp and was unable to send Moore's remains home for a proper burial. ","Note that if the family records are correct, Captain Robinson's notification of Moore's death never reached Moore's wife as she had already died."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Son of Light Horse Harry\u003c/title\u003e by James Barnes (call number PS3503.A6153 S6 1904 Spec Civil War) has been separated to the Rare Book Collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The Son of Light Horse Harry  by James Barnes (call number PS3503.A6153 S6 1904 Spec Civil War) has been separated to the Rare Book Collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_812d93401df2cf8f5cc5eeccde5036e7\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection contains four letters written by Union American Civil War soldier William Moore, Private, Company E, 27th Kentucky Infantry. Letters primarily detail Moore's desire to return home and concerns over both his and his wife's health. An additional two letters by Capt. J.R. Robinson concern Moore's poor health and his subsequent death.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection contains four letters written by Union American Civil War soldier William Moore, Private, Company E, 27th Kentucky Infantry. Letters primarily detail Moore's desire to return home and concerns over both his and his wife's health. An additional two letters by Capt. J.R. Robinson concern Moore's poor health and his subsequent death."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Moore, William, d.1862","Robinson, J. R. (27th Regiment, Kentucky Infantry)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Moore, William, d.1862","Robinson, J. R. (27th Regiment, Kentucky Infantry)"],"language_ssim":["The material in the collection is in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:04:32.548Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2584"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9024","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"William M. Bickers Papers","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9024#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Bickers, William M.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9024#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes numerous lectures, primarily on medical topics, but also on ethics, religion and history. 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